1
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Jeon YG, Kim SW, Kim JB. Decoding temporal thermogenesis: coregulator selectivity and transcriptional control in brown and beige adipocytes. Adipocyte 2024; 13:2391511. [PMID: 39155481 PMCID: PMC11340756 DOI: 10.1080/21623945.2024.2391511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024] Open
Abstract
In mammals, brown adipose tissue (BAT) and beige adipocytes in white adipose tissue (WAT) play pivotal roles in maintaining body temperature and energy metabolism. In mice, BAT quickly stimulates thermogenesis by activating brown adipocytes upon cold exposure. In the presence of chronic cold stimuli, beige adipocytes are recruited in inguinal WAT to support heat generation. Accumulated evidence has shown that thermogenic execution of brown and beige adipocytes is regulated in a fat depot-specific manner. Recently, we have demonstrated that ubiquitin ligase ring finger protein 20 (RNF20) regulates brown and beige adipocyte thermogenesis through fat-depot-specific modulation. In BAT, RNF20 regulates transcription factor GA-binding protein alpha (GABPα), whereas in inguinal WAT, RNF20 potentiates transcriptional activity of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARγ) through the degradation of nuclear corepressor 1 (NCoR1). This study proposes the molecular mechanisms by which co-regulator(s) selectively and temporally control transcription factors to coordinate adipose thermogenesis in a fat-depot-specific manner. In this Commentary, we provide molecular features of brown and beige adipocyte thermogenesis and discuss the underlying mechanisms of distinct thermogenic processes in two fat depots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Geun Jeon
- Center for Adipocyte Structure and Function, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sun Won Kim
- Center for Adipocyte Structure and Function, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jae Bum Kim
- Center for Adipocyte Structure and Function, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
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2
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Zhou RN, Zhu ZW, Xu PY, Shen LX, Wang Z, Xue YY, Xiang YY, Cao Y, Yu XZ, Zhao J, Jin Y, Yan J, Yang Q, Fang PH, Shang WB. Rhein targets macrophage SIRT2 to promote adipose tissue thermogenesis in obesity in mice. Commun Biol 2024; 7:1003. [PMID: 39152196 PMCID: PMC11329635 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-06693-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Rhein, a component derived from rhubarb, has been proven to possess anti-inflammatory properties. Here, we show that rhein mitigates obesity by promoting adipose tissue thermogenesis in diet-induced obese mice. We construct a macrophage-adipocyte co-culture system and demonstrate that rhein promotes adipocyte thermogenesis through inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation in macrophages. Moreover, clues from acetylome analysis identify SIRT2 as a potential drug target of rhein. We further verify that rhein directly interacts with SIRT2 and inhibits NLRP3 inflammasome activation in a SIRT2-dependent way. Myeloid knockdown of SIRT2 abrogates adipose tissue thermogenesis and metabolic benefits in obese mice induced by rhein. Together, our findings elucidate that rhein inhibits NLRP3 inflammasome activation in macrophages by regulating SIRT2, and thus promotes white adipose tissue thermogenesis during obesity. These findings uncover the molecular mechanism underlying the anti-inflammatory and anti-obesity effects of rhein, and suggest that rhein may become a potential drug for treating obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruo-Nan Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China
- Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases in Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Zi-Wei Zhu
- Department of Endocrinology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China
- Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases in Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Ping-Yuan Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China
- Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases in Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Li-Xuan Shen
- Department of Endocrinology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China
- Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases in Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Ziwei Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China
- Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases in Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Ying-Ying Xue
- Department of Endocrinology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China
- Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases in Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Ying-Ying Xiang
- Department of Endocrinology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China
- Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases in Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yue Cao
- Department of Endocrinology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China
- Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases in Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Xi-Zhong Yu
- Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases in Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Juan Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases in Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yu Jin
- Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases in Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Jing Yan
- Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases in Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Qin Yang
- Department of Medicine, Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Peng-Hua Fang
- Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases in Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Wen-Bin Shang
- Department of Endocrinology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China.
- Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases in Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
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3
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Ding Y, Su J, Shan B, Fu X, Zheng G, Wang J, Wu L, Wang F, Chai X, Sun H, Zhang J. Brown adipose tissue-derived FGF21 mediates the cardioprotection of dexmedetomidine in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury. Sci Rep 2024; 14:18292. [PMID: 39112671 PMCID: PMC11306229 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-69356-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 08/04/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Brown adipose tissue (BAT) plays a critical role in regulating cardiovascular homeostasis through the secretion of adipokines, such as fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21). Dexmedetomidine (DEX) is a selective α2-adrenergic receptor agonist with a protection against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (MI/RI). It remains largely unknown whether or not BAT-derived FGF21 is involved in DEX-induced cardioprotection in the context of MI/RI. Herein, we demonstrated that DEX alleviated MI/RI and improved heart function through promoting the release of FGF21 from interscapular BAT (iBAT). Surgical iBAT depletion or supplementation with a FGF21 neutralizing antibody attenuated the beneficial effects of DEX. AMPK/PGC1α signaling-induced fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) release in brown adipocytes is required for DEX-mediated cardioprotection since blockade of the AMPK/PGC1α axis weakened the salutary effects of DEX. Co-culture experiments showed that DEX-induced FGF21 from brown adipocytes increased the resistance of cardiomyocytes to hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) injury via modulating the Keap1/Nrf2 pathway. Our results provided robust evidence that the BAT-cardiomyocyte interaction is required for DEX cardioprotection, and revealed an endocrine role of BAT in DEX-mediating protection of hearts against MIRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Ding
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, No. 1000, Hefeng Road, Wuxi, 214125, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiabao Su
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, No. 1000, Hefeng Road, Wuxi, 214125, People's Republic of China
| | - Beiying Shan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, No. 1000, Hefeng Road, Wuxi, 214125, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Fu
- Laboratory of Metabolic and Inflammatory Diseases, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, No.1800, Lihu Road, Wuxi, 214125, People's Republic of China
| | - Guanli Zheng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, No. 1000, Hefeng Road, Wuxi, 214125, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiwen Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, No. 1000, Hefeng Road, Wuxi, 214125, People's Republic of China
| | - Lixue Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, No. 1000, Hefeng Road, Wuxi, 214125, People's Republic of China
| | - Fangming Wang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214125, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoying Chai
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214125, People's Republic of China
| | - Haijian Sun
- Laboratory of Metabolic and Inflammatory Diseases, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, No.1800, Lihu Road, Wuxi, 214125, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jiru Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, No. 1000, Hefeng Road, Wuxi, 214125, People's Republic of China.
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4
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Röszer T. MicroRNA Profile of Mouse Adipocyte-Derived Extracellular Vesicles. Cells 2024; 13:1298. [PMID: 39120327 PMCID: PMC11311276 DOI: 10.3390/cells13151298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2024] [Revised: 07/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The post-transcriptional control of gene expression is a complex and evolving field in adipocyte biology, with the premise that the delivery of microRNA (miRNA) species to the obese adipose tissue may facilitate weight loss. Cells shed extracellular vesicles (EVs) that may deliver miRNAs as intercellular messengers. However, we know little about the miRNA profile of EVs secreted by adipocytes during postnatal development. Here, we defined the miRNA cargo of EVs secreted by mouse adipocytes in two distinct phases of development: on postnatal day 6, when adipocytes are lipolytic and thermogenic, and on postnatal day 56, when adipocytes have active lipogenesis. EVs were collected from cell culture supernatants, and their miRNA profile was defined by small RNA sequencing. The most abundant miRNA of mouse adipocyte-derived EVs was mmu-miR-148a-3p. Adipocyte EVs on postnatal day 6 were hallmarked with mmu-miR-98-5p, and some miRNAs were specific to this developmental stage, such as mmu-miR-466i-5p and 12 novel miRNAs. Adipocytes on postnatal day 56 secreted mmu-miR-365-3p, and 16 miRNAs were specific to this developmental stage. The miRNA cargo of adipocyte EVs targeted gene networks of cell proliferation, insulin signaling, interferon response, thermogenesis, and lipogenesis. We provided here a database of miRNAs secreted by developing mouse adipocytes, which may be a tool for further studies on the regulation of gene networks that control mouse adipocyte development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamás Röszer
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
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5
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Tian J, Moon JS, Nga HT, Lee HY, Nguyen TL, Jang HJ, Setoyama D, Shong M, Lee JH, Yi HS. Brown fat-specific mitoribosomal function is crucial for preventing cold exposure-induced bone loss. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:314. [PMID: 39066814 PMCID: PMC11335241 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-024-05347-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Revised: 06/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
This study examines the interplay between ambient temperature, brown adipose tissue (BAT) function, and bone metabolism, emphasizing the effects of cold exposure and BAT mitochondrial activity on bone health. Utilizing ovariectomized (OVX) mice to model primary osteoporosis and BAT-specific mitochondrial dysfunction (BKO) mice, we evaluated the impact of housing temperature on bone density, immune modulation in bone marrow, and the protective role of BAT against bone loss. Cold exposure was found to universally reduce bone mass, enhance osteoclastogenesis, and alter bone marrow T-cell populations, implicating the immune system in bone remodeling under cold stress. The thermogenic function of BAT, driven by mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, was crucial in protecting against bone loss. Impaired BAT function, through surgical removal or mitochondrial dysfunction, exacerbated bone loss in cold environments, highlighting BAT's metabolic role in maintaining bone health. Furthermore, cold-induced changes in BAT function led to systemic metabolic shifts, including elevated long-chain fatty acids, which influenced osteoclast differentiation and activity. These findings suggest a systemic mechanism connecting environmental temperature and BAT metabolism with bone physiology, providing new insights into the metabolic and environmental determinants of bone health. Future research could lead to novel bone disease therapies targeting these pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwen Tian
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Immune System, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Sun Moon
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Immune System, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Ha Thi Nga
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Immune System, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Yeop Lee
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Immune System, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Thi Linh Nguyen
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Immune System, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo Ju Jang
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Immune System, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Daiki Setoyama
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Minho Shong
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Hee Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyon-Seung Yi
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Immune System, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea.
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6
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Wang T, Sharma AK, Wu C, Maushart CI, Ghosh A, Yang W, Stefanicka P, Kovanicova Z, Ukropec J, Zhang J, Arnold M, Klug M, De Bock K, Schneider U, Popescu C, Zheng B, Ding L, Long F, Dewal RS, Moser C, Sun W, Dong H, Takes M, Suelberg D, Mameghani A, Nocito A, Zech CJ, Chirindel A, Wild D, Burger IA, Schön MR, Dietrich A, Gao M, Heine M, Sun Y, Vargas-Castillo A, Søberg S, Scheele C, Balaz M, Blüher M, Betz MJ, Spiegelman BM, Wolfrum C. Single-nucleus transcriptomics identifies separate classes of UCP1 and futile cycle adipocytes. Cell Metab 2024:S1550-4131(24)00276-6. [PMID: 39084216 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2024.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Adipose tissue can recruit catabolic adipocytes that utilize chemical energy to dissipate heat. This process occurs either by uncoupled respiration through uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) or by utilizing ATP-dependent futile cycles (FCs). However, it remains unclear how these pathways coexist since both processes rely on the mitochondrial membrane potential. Utilizing single-nucleus RNA sequencing to deconvolute the heterogeneity of subcutaneous adipose tissue in mice and humans, we identify at least 2 distinct subpopulations of beige adipocytes: FC-adipocytes and UCP1-beige adipocytes. Importantly, we demonstrate that the FC-adipocyte subpopulation is highly metabolically active and utilizes FCs to dissipate energy, thus contributing to thermogenesis independent of Ucp1. Furthermore, FC-adipocytes are important drivers of systemic energy homeostasis and linked to glucose metabolism and obesity resistance in humans. Taken together, our findings identify a noncanonical thermogenic adipocyte subpopulation, which could be an important regulator of energy homeostasis in mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongtong Wang
- Laboratory of Translational Nutrition Biology, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Health Sciences and Technology ETH Zurich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Anand Kumar Sharma
- Laboratory of Translational Nutrition Biology, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Health Sciences and Technology ETH Zurich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Chunyan Wu
- Laboratory of Translational Nutrition Biology, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Health Sciences and Technology ETH Zurich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Claudia Irene Maushart
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University Hospital of Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Adhideb Ghosh
- Laboratory of Translational Nutrition Biology, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Health Sciences and Technology ETH Zurich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Wu Yang
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Patrik Stefanicka
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Zuzana Kovanicova
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Biomedical Research Center at the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Jozef Ukropec
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Biomedical Research Center at the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Jing Zhang
- Laboratory of Exercise and Health, Health Institute of Human Movement Sciences and Sport, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Myrtha Arnold
- Laboratory of Translational Nutrition Biology, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Health Sciences and Technology ETH Zurich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Manuel Klug
- Laboratory of Translational Nutrition Biology, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Health Sciences and Technology ETH Zurich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Katrien De Bock
- Laboratory of Exercise and Health, Health Institute of Human Movement Sciences and Sport, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Ulrich Schneider
- Department of Surgery, Cantonal Hospital of Baden, Im Ergel 1, 5404 Baden, Switzerland
| | - Cristina Popescu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Cantonal Hospital of Baden, Im Ergel 1, 5404 Baden, Switzerland
| | - Bo Zheng
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Lianggong Ding
- Laboratory of Translational Nutrition Biology, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Health Sciences and Technology ETH Zurich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Fen Long
- Laboratory of Translational Nutrition Biology, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Health Sciences and Technology ETH Zurich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Revati Sumukh Dewal
- Laboratory of Translational Nutrition Biology, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Health Sciences and Technology ETH Zurich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Caroline Moser
- Laboratory of Translational Nutrition Biology, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Health Sciences and Technology ETH Zurich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Wenfei Sun
- Laboratory of Translational Nutrition Biology, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Health Sciences and Technology ETH Zurich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Hua Dong
- Laboratory of Translational Nutrition Biology, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Health Sciences and Technology ETH Zurich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Martin Takes
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Dominique Suelberg
- Department of Surgery, Cantonal Hospital of Baden, Im Ergel 1, 5404 Baden, Switzerland
| | - Alexander Mameghani
- Department of Surgery, Cantonal Hospital of Baden, Im Ergel 1, 5404 Baden, Switzerland
| | - Antonio Nocito
- Department of Surgery, Cantonal Hospital of Baden, Im Ergel 1, 5404 Baden, Switzerland
| | - Christoph Johannes Zech
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Alin Chirindel
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Damian Wild
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Irene A Burger
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Cantonal Hospital of Baden, Im Ergel 1, 5404 Baden, Switzerland; Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital of Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Michael R Schön
- Städtisches Klinikum Karlsruhe, Clinic of Visceral Surgery, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Arne Dietrich
- Clinic for Visceral, Transplant and Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital Leipzig, Liebigstrasse 20, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Min Gao
- Department of Pharmacy, the Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510655, China
| | - Markus Heine
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Yizhi Sun
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ariana Vargas-Castillo
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Susanna Søberg
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; The Center of Inflammation and Metabolism and the Center for Physical Activity Research, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Camilla Scheele
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; The Center of Inflammation and Metabolism and the Center for Physical Activity Research, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Miroslav Balaz
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Biomedical Research Center at the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia; Department of Animal Physiology and Ethology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Matthias Blüher
- Medical Department III - Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Germany & Helmholtz Institute for Metabolic, Obesity and Vascular Research (HI-MAG) of the Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University of Leipzig and University Hospital, Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Matthias Johannes Betz
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University Hospital of Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Bruce M Spiegelman
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Christian Wolfrum
- Laboratory of Translational Nutrition Biology, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Health Sciences and Technology ETH Zurich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland.
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7
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Cui Y, Auclair H, He R, Zhang Q. GPCR-mediated regulation of beige adipocyte formation: Implications for obesity and metabolic health. Gene 2024; 915:148421. [PMID: 38561165 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Obesity and its associated complications pose a significant burden on health. The non-shivering thermogenesis (NST) and metabolic capacity properties of brown adipose tissue (BAT), which are distinct from those of white adipose tissue (WAT), in combating obesity and its related metabolic diseases has been well documented. However, beige adipose tissue, the third and relatively novel type of adipose tissue, which emerges in extensive presence of WAT and shares similar favorable metabolic properties with BAT, has garnered considerable attention in recent years. In this review, we focused on the role of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), the largest receptor family and the most successful class of drug targets in humans, in the induction of beige adipocytes. More importantly, we highlight researchers' clinical treatment attempts to ameliorate obesity and other related metabolic diseases through the formation and activation of beige adipose tissue. In summary, this review provides valuable insights into the formation of beige adipose tissue and the involvement of GPCRs, based on the latest advancements in scientific research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanxu Cui
- Animal Zoology Department, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China; Science and Technology Achievement Incubation Center, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Hugo Auclair
- Faculty of Medicine, François-Rabelais University, Tours, France
| | - Rong He
- Animal Zoology Department, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Animal Zoology Department, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.
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8
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Chang L, Meng F, Jiao B, Zhou T, Su R, Zhu C, Wu Y, Ling Y, Wang S, Wu K, Zhang D, Cao J. Integrated analysis of omics reveals the role of scapular fat in thermogenesis adaptation in sunite sheep. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY. PART D, GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2024; 52:101292. [PMID: 39018792 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2024.101292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 06/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024]
Abstract
Inhabiting some of the world's most inhospitable climatic regions, the Sunite Mongolian sheep generates average temperatures as low as 4.3 °C and a minimum temperature of -38.8 °C; in these environments, they make essential cold adaptations. In this regard, scapular fat tissues from Mongolian sheep were collected both in winter and summer for transcriptomic and proteomic analyses to identify genes related to adaptive thermogenesis. In the transcriptome analysis, 588 differentially expressed genes were identified to participate in smooth muscle activity and fat metabolism, as well as in nutrient regulation. There were 343 upregulated and 245 downregulated genes. GO and KEGG pathway analyses on these genes revealed their participation in regulating smooth muscle activity, metabolism of fats, and nutrients. Proteomic analysis showed the differential expression of 925 proteins: among them, there are 432 up- and 493 down-expressed proteins. These proteins are mainly involved in oxidative phosphorylation, respiratory chain complex assembly, and ATP production by electron transport. Furthermore, using both sets at a more detailed level of analysis revealed over-representation in gene ontology categories related to hormone signaling, metabolism of lipids, the pentose phosphate pathway, the TCA cycle, and especially the process of oxidative phosphorylation. The identified essential genes and proteins were further validated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting, respectively; key metabolic network constriction was constructed. The present study emphasized the critical role of lipid turnover in scapular fat for thermogenic adaptation in Sunite sheep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longwei Chang
- College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Key Laboratory of Biomanufacturing, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Fanhua Meng
- College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Key Laboratory of Biomanufacturing, Hohhot 010018, China.
| | - Boran Jiao
- College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Key Laboratory of Biomanufacturing, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Tong Zhou
- College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Key Laboratory of Biomanufacturing, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Rina Su
- College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Key Laboratory of Biomanufacturing, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Chunxiao Zhu
- College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Key Laboratory of Biomanufacturing, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Yi Wu
- College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Key Laboratory of Biomanufacturing, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Yu Ling
- College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Key Laboratory of Biomanufacturing, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Shenyuan Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Key Laboratory of Biomanufacturing, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Kaifeng Wu
- College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Key Laboratory of Biomanufacturing, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Dong Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Key Laboratory of Biomanufacturing, Hohhot 010018, China.
| | - Junwei Cao
- College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Key Laboratory of Biomanufacturing, Hohhot 010018, China.
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9
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Guan J, Abudouaini H, Lin K, Yang K. Emerging insights into the role of IL-1 inhibitors and colchicine for inflammation control in type 2 diabetes. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2024; 16:140. [PMID: 38918878 PMCID: PMC11197348 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-024-01369-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), a prevalent chronic metabolic disorder, is closely linked to persistent low-grade inflammation, significantly contributing to its development and progression. This review provides a comprehensive examination of the inflammatory mechanisms underlying T2DM, focusing on the role of the NLRP3 inflammasome and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in mediating inflammatory responses. We discuss the therapeutic potential of IL-1 inhibitors and colchicine, highlighting their mechanisms in inhibiting the NLRP3 inflammasome and reducing IL-1β production. Recent studies indicate that these agents could effectively mitigate inflammation, offering promising avenues for the prevention and management of T2DM. By exploring the intricate connections between metabolic disturbances and chronic inflammation, this review underscores the need for novel anti-inflammatory strategies to address T2DM and its complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbin Guan
- Honghui-Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, Shaanxi, China
| | - Haimiti Abudouaini
- Honghui-Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, Shaanxi, China
| | - Kaiyuan Lin
- Honghui-Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Kaitan Yang
- Honghui-Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, Shaanxi, China.
- Truma Rehabilitation Department, Honghui-Hospital,Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, Shaanxi, China.
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10
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Benvie AM, Berry DC. Reversing Pdgfrβ Signaling Restores Metabolically Active Beige Adipocytes by Alleviating ILC2 Suppression in Aged and Obese Mice. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.06.17.599436. [PMID: 38948810 PMCID: PMC11212986 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.17.599436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Objective Platelet Derived Growth Factor Receptor Beta (Pdgfrβ) suppresses the formation of cold temperature-induced beige adipocytes in aged mammals. We aimed to determine if deleting Pdgfrβ in aged mice could rejuvenate metabolically active beige adipocytes by activating group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2), and whether this effect could counteract diet-induced obesity-associated beige fat decline. Methods We employed Pdgfrβ gain-of-function and loss-of-function mouse models targeting beige adipocyte progenitor cells (APCs). Our approach included cold exposure, metabolic cage analysis, and age and diet-induced obesity models to examine beige fat development and metabolic function under varied Pdgfrβ activity. Results Acute cold exposure alone enhanced metabolic benefits in aged mice, irrespective of beige fat generation. However, Pdgfrβ deletion in aged mice reestablished the formation of metabolically functional beige adipocytes, enhancing metabolism. Conversely, constitutive Pdgfrβ activation in young mice stymied beige fat development. Mechanistically, Pdgfrβ deletion upregulated IL-33, promoting ILC2 recruitment and activation, whereas Pdgfrβ activation reduced IL-33 levels and suppressed ILC2 activity. Notably, diet-induced obesity markedly increased Pdgfrβ expression and Stat1 signaling, which inhibited IL-33 induction and ILC2 activation. Genetic deletion of Pdgfrβ restored beige fat formation in obese mice, improving whole-body metabolism. Conclusion This study reveals that cold temperature exposure alone can trigger metabolic activation in aged mammals. However, reversing Pdgfrβ signaling in aged and obese mice not only restores beige fat formation but also renews metabolic function and enhances the immunological environment of white adipose tissue (WAT). These findings highlight Pdgfrβ as a crucial target for therapeutic strategies aimed at combating age- and obesity-related metabolic decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail M. Benvie
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University Ithaca, NY 14853 USA
| | - Daniel C. Berry
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University Ithaca, NY 14853 USA
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11
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Lee D, Benvie AM, Steiner BM, Kolba NJ, Ford JG, McCabe SM, Jiang Y, Berry DC. Smooth muscle cell-derived Cxcl12 directs macrophage accrual and sympathetic innervation to control thermogenic adipose tissue. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114169. [PMID: 38678562 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Sympathetic innervation of brown adipose tissue (BAT) controls mammalian adaptative thermogenesis. However, the cellular and molecular underpinnings contributing to BAT innervation remain poorly defined. Here, we show that smooth muscle cells (SMCs) support BAT growth, lipid utilization, and thermogenic plasticity. Moreover, we find that BAT SMCs express and control the bioavailability of Cxcl12. SMC deletion of Cxcl12 fosters brown adipocyte lipid accumulation, reduces energy expenditure, and increases susceptibility to diet-induced metabolic dysfunction. Mechanistically, we find that Cxcl12 stimulates CD301+ macrophage recruitment and supports sympathetic neuronal maintenance. Administering recombinant Cxcl12 to obese mice or leptin-deficient (Ob/Ob) mice is sufficient to boost macrophage presence and drive sympathetic innervation to restore BAT morphology and thermogenic responses. Altogether, our data reveal an SMC chemokine-dependent pathway linking immunological infiltration and sympathetic innervation as a rheostat for BAT maintenance and thermogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek Lee
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Abigail M Benvie
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Benjamin M Steiner
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Nikolai J Kolba
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Josie G Ford
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Sean M McCabe
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Yuwei Jiang
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Daniel C Berry
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
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12
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Takahashi H, Morikawa M, Ozaki E, Numasaki M, Morimoto H, Tanaka M, Inoue H, Goto T, Kawada T, Eguchi F, Uehara M, Takahashi N. A modified system using macrophage-conditioned medium revealed that the indirect effects of anti-inflammatory food-derived compounds improve inflammation-induced suppression of UCP-1 mRNA expression in 10T1/2 adipocytes. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2024; 88:679-688. [PMID: 38499443 DOI: 10.1093/bbb/zbae033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Recently, it has been suggested that brown and beige adipocytes may ameliorate obesity because these adipocytes express uncoupling protein-1 (UCP-1), which generates heat by consuming lipid. However, obesity-induced inflammation suppresses the expression of UCP-1. To improve such conditions, food components with anti-inflammatory properties are attracting attention. In this study, we developed a modified system to evaluate only the indirect effects of anti-inflammatory food-derived compounds by optimizing the conventional experimental system using conditioned medium. We validated this new system using 6-shogaol and 6-gingerol, which have been reported to show the anti-inflammatory effects and to increase the basal expression of UCP-1 mRNA. In addition, we found that the acetone extract of Sarcodon aspratus, an edible mushroom, showed anti-inflammatory effects and rescued the inflammation-induced suppression of UCP-1 mRNA expression. These findings indicate that the system with conditioned medium is valuable for evaluation of food-derived compounds with anti-inflammatory effects on the inflammation-induced thermogenic adipocyte dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisako Takahashi
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Safety, Faculty of Applied Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Miori Morikawa
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Safety, Faculty of Applied Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Emi Ozaki
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Safety, Faculty of Applied Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Minami Numasaki
- Department of Forest Science, Faculty of Regional Environment Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiromu Morimoto
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Safety, Faculty of Applied Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Miori Tanaka
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Safety, Faculty of Applied Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Inoue
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Safety, Faculty of Applied Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Goto
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Teruo Kawada
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Fumio Eguchi
- Department of Forest Science, Faculty of Regional Environment Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mariko Uehara
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Safety, Faculty of Applied Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Takahashi
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Safety, Faculty of Applied Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Tokyo, Japan
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13
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Mooli RGR, Zhu B, Khan SR, Nagati V, Michealraj KA, Jurczak MJ, Ramakrishnan SK. Epigenetically active chromatin in neonatal iWAT reveals GABPα as a potential regulator of beige adipogenesis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1385811. [PMID: 38765953 PMCID: PMC11099907 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1385811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Thermogenic beige adipocytes, which dissipate energy as heat, are found in neonates and adults. Recent studies show that neonatal beige adipocytes are highly plastic and contribute to >50% of beige adipocytes in adults. Neonatal beige adipocytes are distinct from recruited beige adipocytes in that they develop independently of temperature and sympathetic innervation through poorly defined mechanisms. Methods We characterized the neonatal beige adipocytes in the inguinal white adipose tissue (iWAT) of C57BL6 postnatal day 3 and 20 mice (P3 and P20) by imaging, genome-wide RNA-seq analysis, ChIP-seq analysis, qRT-PCR validation, and biochemical assays. Results We found an increase in acetylated histone 3 lysine 27 (H3K27ac) on the promoter and enhancer regions of beige-specific gene UCP1 in iWAT of P20 mice. Furthermore, H3K27ac ChIP-seq analysis in the iWAT of P3 and P20 mice revealed strong H3K27ac signals at beige adipocyte-associated genes in the iWAT of P20 mice. The integration of H3K27ac ChIP-seq and RNA-seq analysis in the iWAT of P20 mice reveal epigenetically active signatures of beige adipocytes, including oxidative phosphorylation and mitochondrial metabolism. We identify the enrichment of GA-binding protein alpha (GABPα) binding regions in the epigenetically active chromatin regions of the P20 iWAT, particularly on beige genes, and demonstrate that GABPα is required for beige adipocyte differentiation. Moreover, transcriptomic analysis and glucose oxidation assays revealed increased glycolytic activity in the neonatal iWAT from P20. Conclusions Our findings demonstrate that epigenetic mechanisms regulate the development of peri-weaning beige adipocytes via GABPα. Further studies to better understand the upstream mechanisms that regulate epigenetic activation of GABPα and characterization of the metabolic identity of neonatal beige adipocytes will help us harness their therapeutic potential in metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raja Gopal Reddy Mooli
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Bokai Zhu
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Pittsburgh Liver Research Centre, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Aging Institute of University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC), University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Saifur R. Khan
- Division of Cardiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Pittsburgh VA Medical Centre, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Center for Immunometabolism, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Veerababu Nagati
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | | | - Michael J. Jurczak
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Sadeesh K. Ramakrishnan
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Pittsburgh Liver Research Centre, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
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14
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Zhang Y, Zhang B, Sun X. The molecular mechanism of macrophage-adipocyte crosstalk in maintaining energy homeostasis. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1378202. [PMID: 38650945 PMCID: PMC11033412 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1378202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Interactions between macrophages and adipocytes in adipose tissue are critical for the regulation of energy metabolism and obesity. Macrophage polarization induced by cold or other stimulations can drive metabolic reprogramming of adipocytes, browning, and thermogenesis. Accordingly, investigating the roles of macrophages and adipocytes in the maintenance of energy homeostasis is critical for the development of novel therapeutic approaches specifically targeting macrophages in metabolic disorders such as obesity. Current review outlines macrophage polarization not only regulates the release of central nervous system and inflammatory factors, but controls mitochondrial function, and other factor that induce metabolic reprogramming of adipocytes and maintain energy homeostasis. We also emphasized on how the adipocytes conversely motivate the polarization of macrophage. Exploring the interactions between adipocytes and macrophages may provide new therapeutic strategies for the management of obesity-related metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yudie Zhang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Efficacy Evaluation of Chinese Medicine Against Glyeolipid Metabolism Disorder Disease, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Efficacy Evaluation of Chinese Medicine Against Glyeolipid Metabolism Disorder Disease, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaobo Sun
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Efficacy Evaluation of Chinese Medicine Against Glyeolipid Metabolism Disorder Disease, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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15
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Yu X, Benitez G, Wei PT, Krylova SV, Song Z, Liu L, Zhang M, Xiaoli AM, Wei H, Chen F, Sidoli S, Yang F, Shinoda K, Pessin JE, Feng D. Involution of brown adipose tissue through a Syntaxin 4 dependent pyroptosis pathway. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2856. [PMID: 38565851 PMCID: PMC10987578 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46944-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Aging, chronic high-fat diet feeding, or housing at thermoneutrality induces brown adipose tissue (BAT) involution, a process characterized by reduction of BAT mass and function with increased lipid droplet size. Single nuclei RNA sequencing of aged mice identifies a specific brown adipocyte population of Ucp1-low cells that are pyroptotic and display a reduction in the longevity gene syntaxin 4 (Stx4a). Similar to aged brown adipocytes, Ucp1-STX4KO mice display loss of brown adipose tissue mass and thermogenic dysfunction concomitant with increased pyroptosis. Restoration of STX4 expression or suppression of pyroptosis activation protects against the decline in both mass and thermogenic activity in the aged and Ucp1-STX4KO mice. Mechanistically, STX4 deficiency reduces oxidative phosphorylation, glucose uptake, and glycolysis leading to reduced ATP levels, a known triggering signal for pyroptosis. Together, these data demonstrate an understanding of rapid brown adipocyte involution and that physiologic aging and thermogenic dysfunction result from pyroptotic signaling activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofan Yu
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
- Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Gabrielle Benitez
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
- Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Peter Tszki Wei
- Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Sofia V Krylova
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
- Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Ziyi Song
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding, Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, China
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
- Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Meifan Zhang
- Center for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Alus M Xiaoli
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
- Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Henna Wei
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Fenfen Chen
- Department of Animal Science, College of Life Science, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650244, China
| | - Simone Sidoli
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Fajun Yang
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
- Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Kosaku Shinoda
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
- Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Jeffrey E Pessin
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
- Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Daorong Feng
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA.
- Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA.
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16
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Liang D, Li G. Pulling the trigger: Noncoding RNAs in white adipose tissue browning. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2024; 25:399-420. [PMID: 38157150 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-023-09866-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
White adipose tissue (WAT) serves as the primary site for energy storage and endocrine regulation in mammals, while brown adipose tissue (BAT) is specialized for thermogenesis and energy expenditure. The conversion of white adipocytes to brown-like fat cells, known as browning, has emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy for reversing obesity and its associated co-morbidities. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) are a class of transcripts that do not encode proteins but exert regulatory functions on gene expression at various levels. Recent studies have shed light on the involvement of ncRNAs in adipose tissue development, differentiation, and function. In this review, we aim to summarize the current understanding of ncRNAs in adipose biology, with a focus on their role and intricate mechanisms in WAT browning. Also, we discuss the potential applications and challenges of ncRNA-based therapies for overweight and its metabolic disorders, so as to combat the obesity epidemic in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dehuan Liang
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology of National Health Commission, Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China
- Fifth School of Clinical Medicine (Beijing Hospital), Peking University, Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoping Li
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology of National Health Commission, Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China.
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17
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de Sousa É, de Mendonça M, Bolin AP, de Oliveira NP, Real CC, Hu X, Huang ZP, Wang DZ, Rodrigues AC. Sex-specific regulation of miR-22 and ERα in white adipose tissue of obese dam's female offspring impairs the early postnatal development of functional beige adipocytes in mice. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:167057. [PMID: 38331111 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2024.167057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
During inguinal adipose tissue (iWAT) ontogenesis, beige adipocytes spontaneously appear between postnatal 10 (P10) and P20 and their ablation impairs iWAT browning capacity in adulthood. Since maternal obesity has deleterious effects on offspring iWAT function, we aimed to investigate its effect in spontaneous iWAT browning in offspring. Female C57BL/6 J mice were fed a control or obesogenic diet six weeks before mating. Male and female offspring were euthanized at P10 and P20 or weaned at P21 and fed chow diet until P60. At P50, mice were treated with saline or CL316,243, a β3-adrenoceptor agonist, for ten days. Maternal obesity induced insulin resistance at P60, and CL316,243 treatment effectively restored insulin sensitivity in male but not female offspring. This discrepancy occurred due to female offspring severe browning impairment. During development, the spontaneous iWAT browning and sympathetic nerve branching at P20 were severely impaired in female obese dam's offspring but occurred normally in males. Additionally, maternal obesity increased miR-22 expression in the iWAT of male and female offspring during development. ERα, a target and regulator of miR-22, was concomitantly upregulated in the male's iWAT. Next, we evaluated miR-22 knockout (KO) offspring at P10 and P20. The miR-22 deficiency does not affect spontaneous iWAT browning in females and, surprisingly, anticipates iWAT browning in males. In conclusion, maternal obesity impairs functional iWAT development in the offspring in a sex-specific way that seems to be driven by miR-22 levels and ERα signaling. This impacts adult browning capacity and glucose homeostasis, especially in female offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Érica de Sousa
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Mariana de Mendonça
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Anaysa Paola Bolin
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Nayara Preste de Oliveira
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Xiaoyun Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Zhan-Peng Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Center for Translational Medicine, Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Da-Zhi Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alice Cristina Rodrigues
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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18
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Guo G, Wang W, Tu M, Zhao B, Han J, Li J, Pan Y, Zhou J, Ma W, Liu Y, Sun T, Han X, An Y. Deciphering adipose development: Function, differentiation and regulation. Dev Dyn 2024. [PMID: 38516819 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The overdevelopment of adipose tissues, accompanied by excess lipid accumulation and energy storage, leads to adipose deposition and obesity. With the increasing incidence of obesity in recent years, obesity is becoming a major risk factor for human health, causing various relevant diseases (including hypertension, diabetes, osteoarthritis and cancers). Therefore, it is of significance to antagonize obesity to reduce the risk of obesity-related diseases. Excess lipid accumulation in adipose tissues is mediated by adipocyte hypertrophy (expansion of pre-existing adipocytes) or hyperplasia (increase of newly-formed adipocytes). It is necessary to prevent excessive accumulation of adipose tissues by controlling adipose development. Adipogenesis is exquisitely regulated by many factors in vivo and in vitro, including hormones, cytokines, gender and dietary components. The present review has concluded a comprehensive understanding of adipose development including its origin, classification, distribution, function, differentiation and molecular mechanisms underlying adipogenesis, which may provide potential therapeutic strategies for harnessing obesity without impairing adipose tissue function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ge Guo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Henan Provincial Engineering Center for Tumor Molecular Medicine, Kaifeng Key Laboratory of Cell Signal Transduction, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Wanli Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Henan Provincial Engineering Center for Tumor Molecular Medicine, Kaifeng Key Laboratory of Cell Signal Transduction, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Mengjie Tu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Henan Provincial Engineering Center for Tumor Molecular Medicine, Kaifeng Key Laboratory of Cell Signal Transduction, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Binbin Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Henan Provincial Engineering Center for Tumor Molecular Medicine, Kaifeng Key Laboratory of Cell Signal Transduction, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Jiayang Han
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Henan Provincial Engineering Center for Tumor Molecular Medicine, Kaifeng Key Laboratory of Cell Signal Transduction, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Jiali Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Henan Provincial Engineering Center for Tumor Molecular Medicine, Kaifeng Key Laboratory of Cell Signal Transduction, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Yanbing Pan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Henan Provincial Engineering Center for Tumor Molecular Medicine, Kaifeng Key Laboratory of Cell Signal Transduction, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Jie Zhou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Henan Provincial Engineering Center for Tumor Molecular Medicine, Kaifeng Key Laboratory of Cell Signal Transduction, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Wen Ma
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Henan Provincial Engineering Center for Tumor Molecular Medicine, Kaifeng Key Laboratory of Cell Signal Transduction, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Henan Provincial Engineering Center for Tumor Molecular Medicine, Kaifeng Key Laboratory of Cell Signal Transduction, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Tiantian Sun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Henan Provincial Engineering Center for Tumor Molecular Medicine, Kaifeng Key Laboratory of Cell Signal Transduction, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Xu Han
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Henan Provincial Engineering Center for Tumor Molecular Medicine, Kaifeng Key Laboratory of Cell Signal Transduction, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Yang An
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Henan Provincial Engineering Center for Tumor Molecular Medicine, Kaifeng Key Laboratory of Cell Signal Transduction, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
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19
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Flori L, Piragine E, Calderone V, Testai L. Role of hydrogen sulfide in the regulation of lipid metabolism: Implications on cardiovascular health. Life Sci 2024; 341:122491. [PMID: 38336275 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
The World Health Organization (WHO) defines obesity as an urgency for health and a social emergency. Today around 39 % of people is overweight, of these over 13 % is obese. It is well-consolidated that the adipose cells are deputy to lipid storage under caloric excess; however, despite the classical idea that adipose tissue has exclusively a passive function, now it is known to be deeply involved in the regulation of systemic metabolism in physiological as well as under obesogenic conditions, with consequences on cardiovascular health. Beside two traditional types of adipose cells (white and brown), recently the beige one has been highlighted as the consequence of the healthy remodeling of white adipocytes, confirming their metabolic adaptability. In this direction, pharmacological, nutraceutical and nutrient-based approaches are addressed to positively influence inflammation and metabolism, thus contributing to reduce the obese-associated cardiovascular risk. In this scenario, hydrogen sulfide emerges as a new mediator that may regulate crucial targets involved in the regulation of metabolism. The current evidence demonstrates that hydrogen sulfide may induce peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ (PPARγ), a crucial mediator of adipogenesis, inhibit the phosphorylation of perlipin-1 (plin-1), a protein implicated in the lipolysis, and finally promote browning process, through the release of irisin from skeletal muscle. The results summarized in this review suggest an important role of hydrogen sulfide in the regulation of metabolism and in the prevention/treatment of obese-associated cardiovascular diseases and propose new insight on the putative mechanisms underlying the release of hydrogen sulfide or its biosynthesis, delineating a further exciting field of application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Flori
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, via Bonanno, 6-56120 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Eugenia Piragine
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, via Bonanno, 6-56120 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Vincenzo Calderone
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, via Bonanno, 6-56120 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Lara Testai
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, via Bonanno, 6-56120 Pisa, Italy.
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20
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Bahadoran Z, Mirmiran P, Ghasemi A. Adipose organ dysfunction and type 2 diabetes: Role of nitric oxide. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 221:116043. [PMID: 38325496 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Adipose organ, historically known as specialized lipid-handling tissue serving as the long-term fat depot, is now appreciated as the largest endocrine organ composed of two main compartments, i.e., subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue (AT), madding up white and beige/brown adipocytes. Adipose organ dysfunction manifested as maldistribution of the compartments, hypertrophic, hypoxic, inflamed, and insulin-resistant AT, contributes to the development of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Here, we highlight the role of nitric oxide (NO·) in AT (dys)function in relation to developing T2D. The key aspects determining lipid and glucose homeostasis in AT depend on the physiological levels of the NO· produced via endothelial NO· synthases (eNOS). In addition to decreased NO· bioavailability (via decreased expression/activity of eNOS or scavenging NO·), excessive NO· produced by inducible NOS (iNOS) in response to hypoxia and AT inflammation may be a critical interfering factor diverting NO· signaling to the formation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, resulting in AT and whole-body metabolic dysfunction. Pharmacological approaches boosting AT-NO· availability at physiological levels (by increasing NO· production and its stability), as well as suppression of iNOS-NO· synthesis, are potential candidates for developing NO·-based therapeutics in T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Bahadoran
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parvin Mirmiran
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Asghar Ghasemi
- Endocrine Physiology Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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21
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Pan T, Lee YM, Takimoto E, Ueda K, Liu PY, Shen HH. Inhibitory effects of naringenin on estrogen deficiency-induced obesity via regulation of mitochondrial dynamics and AMPK activation associated with white adipose tissue browning. Life Sci 2024; 340:122453. [PMID: 38272439 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
AIMS Post-ovariectomy (OVX) changes in hormones induce obesity and white adipose tissue (WAT) inflammation. Increased energy expenditure via WAT browning is a novel therapeutic strategy for treating obesity. Naringenin (NAR) reduces inflammation and lipogenesis in obesity and attenuates estrogen deficiency-associated metabolic disorders; however, its role in WAT browning remains unclear. MATERIALS AND METHODS We investigated NAR ability to inhibit estrogen deficiency-associated obesity in vivo using a rat model and in vitro using 3T3-L1 adipocytes. KEY FINDINGS NAR significantly decreased the body weight and WAT mass of rats. O2 consumption, CO2 production, and energy expenditure were significantly lower in the OVX group than in the sham group, but NAR treatment reversed these effects of OVX. NAR treatment markedly improved glucose intolerance and lipid profiles as well as leptin, adiponectin, and irisin levels. NAR upregulated markers of browning and mitochondrial biogenesis in inguinal WAT. Moreover, it enhanced markers of mitochondrial fusion and inhibited fission via activating the AMP-activated protein kinase pathway. Similar results were observed in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Moreover, NAR-induced mitochondrial biogenesis and fusion were suppressed by dorsomorphin (an AMP-activated protein kinase inhibitor). SIGNIFICANCE NAR alleviates obesity and metabolic dysfunction through the induction of WAT browning achieved via the modulation of AMP-activated protein kinase-regulated mitochondrial dynamics in WATs. NAR supplementation may therefore represent a potential intervention for preventing postmenopausal adipose tissue dysregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Pan
- Graduate Institute and Department of Pharmacology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Mei Lee
- Graduate Institute and Department of Pharmacology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Eiki Takimoto
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan; Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Kazutaka Ueda
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Pang-Yen Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan; Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Hsin-Hsueh Shen
- Graduate Institute and Department of Pharmacology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
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22
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Ikari N, Honjo K, Sagami Y, Nakamura Y, Arakawa H. Mieap forms membrane-less organelles involved in cardiolipin metabolism. iScience 2024; 27:108916. [PMID: 38322995 PMCID: PMC10845071 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.108916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Biomolecular condensates (BCs) are formed by proteins with intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs) via liquid-liquid phase separation. Mieap/Spata18, a p53-inducible protein, participates in suppression of colorectal tumors by promoting mitochondrial quality control. However, the regulatory mechanism involved remains unclear. Here, we report that Mieap is an IDR-containing protein that drives formation of BCs involved in cardiolipin metabolism. Mieap BCs specifically phase separate the mitochondrial phospholipid, cardiolipin. Mieap directly binds to cardiolipin in vitro. Lipidomic analysis of cardiolipin suggests that Mieap promotes enzymatic reactions in cardiolipin biosynthesis and remodeling. Accordingly, four cardiolipin biosynthetic enzymes, TAMM41, PGS1, PTPMT1, and CRLS1 and two remodeling enzymes, PLA2G6 and TAZ, are phase-separated by Mieap BCs. Mieap-deficient cells exhibit altered crista structure, leading to decreased respiration activity and ATP production in mitochondria. These results suggest that Mieap may form membrane-less organelles to compartmentalize and facilitate cardiolipin metabolism, thus potentially contributing to mitochondrial quality control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Ikari
- Division of Cancer Biology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
| | - Katsuko Honjo
- Division of Cancer Biology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
| | - Yoko Sagami
- Division of Cancer Biology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Nakamura
- Division of Cancer Biology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Arakawa
- Division of Cancer Biology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
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23
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Zhou W, Lew B, Choi H, Kim K, Anakk S. Chenodeoxycholic Acid-Loaded Nanoparticles Are Sufficient to Decrease Adipocyte Size by Inducing Mitochondrial Function. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:1642-1649. [PMID: 38278518 PMCID: PMC10854752 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c04352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
Excess fat accumulation is not only associated with metabolic diseases but also negatively impacts physical appearance and emotional well-being. Bile acid, the body's natural emulsifier, is one of the few FDA-approved noninvasive therapeutic options for double chin (submental fat) reduction. Synthetic sodium deoxycholic acid (NaDCA) causes adipose cell lysis; however, its side effects include inflammation, bruising, and necrosis. Therefore, we investigated if an endogenous bile acid, chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA), a well-known signaling molecule, can be beneficial without many of the untoward effects. We first generated CDCA-loaded nanoparticles to achieve sustained and localized delivery. Then, we injected them into the subcutaneous fat depot and monitored adipocyte size and mitochondrial function. Unlike NaDCA, CDCA did not cause cytolysis. Instead, we demonstrate that a single injection of CDCA-loaded nanoparticles into the subcutaneous fat reduced the adipocyte size by promoting fat burning and mitochondrial respiration, highlighting their potential for submental fat reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weinan Zhou
- Department
of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Benjamin Lew
- Department
of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Hyungsoo Choi
- Department
of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Kyekyoon Kim
- Department
of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Department
of Bioengineering, University of Illinois
Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Beckman
Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Sayeepriyadarshini Anakk
- Department
of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Beckman
Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Division
of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois
Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Cancer Center
at Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
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24
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Iida T, Ueda Y, Tsukada H, Fukumoto D, Hamaoka T. Brown adipose tissue evaluation using water and triglyceride as indices by diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2024; 17:e202300183. [PMID: 37885352 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202300183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is related to lipid and glucose metabolism, and BAT evaluation is expected to contribute to disease prevention and treatment. We aimed to establish a BAT evaluation method using simple and non-invasive diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS). We acquired diffuse reflectance spectra of BAT using DRS from rats with cold stimulation and analyzed the second-derivative spectra. To predict the amount of triglyceride in BAT from the second-derivative spectra, partial least-squares regression analysis was performed, and we examined whether BAT weight can be predicted from the amount of triglyceride by single regression analysis. By focusing on changes in the amount of triglyceride in BAT with cold stimulation, it was suggested that this amount could be predicted spectroscopically, and the predicted amount of triglyceride could be used to estimate the BAT weight with cold stimulation. If these results can be translated into humans, they may contribute to preventing metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomomi Iida
- Central Research Laboratory, Hamamatsu Photonics K.K., Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Yukio Ueda
- Central Research Laboratory, Hamamatsu Photonics K.K., Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Hideo Tsukada
- Central Research Laboratory, Hamamatsu Photonics K.K., Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Dai Fukumoto
- Central Research Laboratory, Hamamatsu Photonics K.K., Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Takafumi Hamaoka
- Department of Sports Medicine for Health Promotion, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
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25
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Lhamyani S, Gentile AM, Mengual-Mesa M, Grueso E, Giráldez-Pérez RM, Fernandez-Garcia JC, Vega-Rioja A, Clemente-Postigo M, Pearson JR, González-Mariscal I, Olveira G, Bermudez-Silva FJ, El Bekay R. Au@16-pH-16/miR-21 mimic nanosystem: An efficient treatment for obesity through browning and thermogenesis induction. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 171:116104. [PMID: 38198956 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.116104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite the abundance of registered clinical trials worldwide, the availability of effective drugs for obesity treatment is limited due to their associated side effects. Thus, there is growing interest in therapies that stimulate energy expenditure in white adipose tissue. Recently, we demonstrated that the delivery of a miR-21 mimic using JetPEI effectively inhibits weight gain in an obese mouse model by promoting metabolism, browning, and thermogenesis, suggesting the potential of miR-21 mimic as a treatment for obesity. Despite these promising results, the implementation of more advanced delivery system techniques for miR-21 mimic would greatly enhance the advancement of safe and efficient treatment approaches for individuals with obesity in the future. Our objective is to explore whether a new delivery system based on gold nanoparticles and Gemini surfactants (Au@16-ph-16) can replicate the favorable effects of the miR-21 mimic on weight gain, browning, and thermogenesis. We found that dosages as low as 0.2 μg miR-21 mimic /animal significantly inhibited weight gain and induced browning and thermogenic parameters. This was evidenced by the upregulation of specific genes and proteins associated with these processes, as well as the biogenesis of beige adipocytes and mitochondria. Significant increases in miR-21 levels were observed in adipose tissue but not in other tissue types. Our data indicates that Au@16-ph-16 could serve as an effective delivery system for miRNA mimics, suggesting its potential suitability for the development of future clinical treatments against obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Said Lhamyani
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, 29580 Malaga, Spain; Clinical Unit of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Regional Hospital of Malaga, 29009 Malaga, Spain; Obesity and Nutrition CIBER (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Adriana-Mariel Gentile
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, 29580 Malaga, Spain; Clinical Unit of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Regional Hospital of Malaga, 29009 Malaga, Spain
| | - María Mengual-Mesa
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, 29580 Malaga, Spain; Universidad de Málaga. Andalucía Tech, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Systems and Automation Engineering, Malaga, Spain
| | - Elia Grueso
- Departamento de Física Química, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Rosa M Giráldez-Pérez
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e Inmunología, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - José Carlos Fernandez-Garcia
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, 29580 Malaga, Spain; Clinical Unit of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Regional Hospital of Malaga, 29009 Malaga, Spain; Obesity and Nutrition CIBER (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Vega-Rioja
- Laboratorio de Inmunología y Alergia-FISEVI, UGC de Alergología. Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena, Sevilla, Spain; Departamento de Medicina. Facultad de Medicina. Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Mercedes Clemente-Postigo
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, 29580 Malaga, Spain; Obesity and Nutrition CIBER (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital, Malaga, Spain; Department of Cell Biology, Genetics, and Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain
| | - John R Pearson
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Seville, Spain
| | - Isabel González-Mariscal
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, 29580 Malaga, Spain; Inserm UMR1190, CHU de Lille, Universite de Lille, Institute Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Gabriel Olveira
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, 29580 Malaga, Spain; Clinical Unit of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Regional Hospital of Malaga, 29009 Malaga, Spain; The Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain; Departamento de Medicina y Cirugía, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Francisco-Javier Bermudez-Silva
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, 29580 Malaga, Spain; Clinical Unit of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Regional Hospital of Malaga, 29009 Malaga, Spain; The Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Rajaa El Bekay
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, 29580 Malaga, Spain; Clinical Unit of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Regional Hospital of Malaga, 29009 Malaga, Spain; Obesity and Nutrition CIBER (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
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26
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Zhang L, Cai X, Ma F, Qiao X, Ji J, Ma JA, Vergnes L, Zhao Y, Yao Y, Wu X, Boström KI. Two-step regulation by matrix Gla protein in brown adipose cell differentiation. Mol Metab 2024; 80:101870. [PMID: 38184275 PMCID: PMC10832489 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2024.101870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/08/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling is intricately involved in adipose tissue development. BMP7 together with BMP4 have been implicated in brown adipocyte differentiation but their roles during development remains poorly specified. Matrix Gla protein (MGP) inhibits BMP4 and BMP7 and is expressed in endothelial and progenitor cells. The objective was to determine the role of MGP in brown adipose tissue (BAT) development. METHODS The approach included global and cell-specific Mgp gene deletion in combination with RNA analysis, immunostaining, thermogenic activity, and in vitro studies. RESULTS The results revealed that MGP directs brown adipogenesis at two essential steps. Endothelial-derived MGP limits triggering of white adipogenic differentiation in the perivascular region, whereas MGP derived from adipose cells supports the transition of CD142-expressing progenitor cells to brown adipogenic maturity. Both steps were important to optimize the thermogenic function of BAT. Furthermore, MGP derived from both sources impacted vascular growth. Reduction of MGP in either endothelial or adipose cells expanded the endothelial cell population, suggesting that MGP is a factor in overall plasticity of adipose tissue. CONCLUSION MGP displays a dual and cell-specific function in BAT, essentially creating a "cellular shuttle" that coordinates brown adipogenic differentiation with vascular growth during development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, USA.
| | - Xinjiang Cai
- Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, USA
| | - Feiyang Ma
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Xiaojing Qiao
- Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, USA
| | - Jaden Ji
- Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, USA
| | - Jocelyn A Ma
- Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, USA
| | - Laurent Vergnes
- Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Yan Zhao
- Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, USA
| | - Yucheng Yao
- Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, USA
| | - Xiuju Wu
- Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, USA
| | - Kristina I Boström
- Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, USA; Molecular Biology Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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Bauzá-Thorbrügge M, Vujičić M, Chanclón B, Palsdottir V, Pillon NJ, Benrick A, Wernstedt Asterholm I. Adiponectin stimulates Sca1 +CD34 --adipocyte precursor cells associated with hyperplastic expansion and beiging of brown and white adipose tissue. Metabolism 2024; 151:155716. [PMID: 37918793 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2023.155716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The adipocyte hormone adiponectin improves insulin sensitivity and there is an inverse correlation between adiponectin levels and type-2 diabetes risk. Previous research shows that adiponectin remodels the adipose tissue into a more efficient metabolic sink. For instance, mice that overexpress adiponectin show increased capacity for hyperplastic adipose tissue expansion as evident from smaller and metabolically more active white adipocytes. In contrast, the brown adipose tissue (BAT) of these mice looks "whiter" possibly indicating reduced metabolic activity. Here, we aimed to further establish the effect of adiponectin on adipose tissue expansion and adipocyte mitochondrial function as well as to unravel mechanistic aspects in this area. METHODS Brown and white adipose tissues from adiponectin overexpressing (APN tg) mice and littermate wildtype controls, housed at room and cold temperature, were studied by histological, gene/protein expression and flow cytometry analyses. Metabolic and mitochondrial functions were studied by radiotracers and Seahorse-based technology. In addition, mitochondrial function was assessed in cultured adiponectin deficient adipocytes from APN knockout and heterozygote mice. RESULTS APN tg BAT displayed increased proliferation prenatally leading to enlarged BAT. Postnatally, APN tg BAT turned whiter than control BAT, confirming previous reports. Furthermore, elevated adiponectin augmented the sympathetic innervation/activation within adipose tissue. APN tg BAT displayed reduced metabolic activity and reduced mitochondrial oxygen consumption rate (OCR). In contrast, APN tg inguinal white adipose tissue (IWAT) displayed enhanced metabolic activity. These metabolic differences between genotypes were apparent also in cultured adipocytes differentiated from BAT and IWAT stroma vascular fraction, and the OCR was reduced in both brown and white APN heterozygote adipocytes. In both APN tg BAT and IWAT, the mesenchymal stem cell-related genes were upregulated along with an increased abundance of Lineage-Sca1+CD34- "beige-like" adipocyte precursor cells. In vitro, the adiponectin receptor agonist Adiporon increased the expression of the proliferation marker Pcna and decreased the expression of Cd34 in Sca1+ mesenchymal stem cells. CONCLUSIONS We propose that the seemingly opposite effect of adiponectin on BAT and IWAT is mediated by a common mechanism; while reduced adiponectin levels are linked to lower adipocyte OCR, elevated adiponectin levels stimulate expansion of adipocyte precursor cells that produce adipocytes with intrinsically higher metabolic rate than classical white but lower metabolic rate than classical brown adipocytes. Moreover, adiponectin can modify the adipocytes' metabolic activity directly and by enhancing the sympathetic innervation within a fat depot.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Bauzá-Thorbrügge
- Unit for Metabolic Physiology, Department of Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Milica Vujičić
- Unit for Metabolic Physiology, Department of Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Belén Chanclón
- Unit for Metabolic Physiology, Department of Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Vilborg Palsdottir
- Unit for Endocrine Physiology, Department of Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Nicolas J Pillon
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Benrick
- Unit for Metabolic Physiology, Department of Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; School of Health Sciences, University of Skövde, Skövde, Sweden
| | - Ingrid Wernstedt Asterholm
- Unit for Metabolic Physiology, Department of Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
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28
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Kataoka H, Nirengi S, Matsui Y, Taniguchi H. Fructose-induced FGF21 secretion does not activate brown adipose tissue in Japanese young men: randomized cross-over and randomized controlled trials. J Physiol Anthropol 2024; 43:5. [PMID: 38178259 PMCID: PMC10765626 DOI: 10.1186/s40101-023-00353-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human brown adipose tissue (BAT) activity is associated with lower body fatness and favorable glucose metabolism. Previous studies reported that oral fructose loading induces postprandial fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) secretion. FGF21 is a known inducer of adipose tissue thermogenesis; however, the effects of diet-induced FGF21 secretion on BAT thermogenesis remain to be elucidated. METHODS The effects of both single load and daily consumption of fructose on BAT activity were examined using a randomized cross-over trial and a 2-week randomized controlled trial (RCT), respectively. In the cross-over trial, 15 young men consumed a single dose of fructose solution or water and then consumed the other on a subsequent day. The RCT enrolled 22 young men, and the participants were allocated to a group that consumed fructose and a group that consumed water daily for 2 weeks. BAT activity was analyzed using thermography with cold exposure. Plasma FGF21 level was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS In the cross-over single-load trial, plasma FGF21 levels were significantly increased at 2 h after oral fructose load (p < 0.01); however, there was no significant difference in BAT activity between the fructose load and drinking water. The 2-week RCT revealed that both plasma FGF21 levels and BAT activity were not significantly increased by daily fructose consumption compared to water. Correlation analyses revealed that BAT activity at the baseline and the final measurements were strongly and positively associated with the RCT (r = 0.869, p < 0.001). Changes in BAT activity were significantly and negatively correlated with changes in plasma glucose levels during the 2-week intervention (r = - 0.497, p = 0.022). CONCLUSIONS Oral fructose load induces a temporary increase in circulating FGF21 levels; however, this does not activate BAT thermogenesis in healthy young men. Further studies are needed to elucidate the effect of endogenous FGF21 on physiological function. TRIAL REGISTRATION This study is registered with the University Hospital Medical Information Network in Japan (number 000051761, registered 1 August 2023, retrospectively registered, https://center6.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr/ctr_view.cgi?recptno=R000052680 ).
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Affiliation(s)
- Haruki Kataoka
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Nirengi
- Clinical Research Institute, Division of Preventive Medicine, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto, Japan
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Yuka Matsui
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Taniguchi
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, Kyoto, Japan.
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29
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Lee HS, Choi SM, Lim SH, Choi CI. Betanin from Beetroot ( Beta vulgaris L.) Regulates Lipid Metabolism and Promotes Fat Browning in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1727. [PMID: 38139853 PMCID: PMC10748323 DOI: 10.3390/ph16121727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Fat browning, which converts white adipose tissue to brown, has attracted attention as a promising strategy for the treatment of obesity. Betanin (BT) has been reported to have potential anti-obesity activity. 3T3-L1 cells were differentiated for 7 days during BT treatment. The BT concentration range for the study was determined using an MTT assay, and lipid accumulation was evaluated by Oil-Red-O staining. The expression of protein level was analyzed by Western blot. Immunofluorescence images were performed with confocal microscopy to visually show the amount and location of thermogenesis factor uncoupling protein1 (UCP1) and mitochondria. qRT-PCR was performed to evaluate mRNA expression. BT inhibited lipid accumulation and increased the expression of UCP1, peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ), and PPARγ coactivator-1 alpha (PGC-1α). In addition, the increases in beige adipocyte-specific markers were observed, supporting BT-mediated browning of the fat tissue. The UCP1 was localized in the inner membrane of the mitochondria, and its expression was associated with mitochondrial activation. Consistent with this, the mRNA expression of mitochondrial biogenesis markers increased in 3T3-L1 cells after BT treatment. Immunofluorescence staining also indicated an increased number of mitochondria and UCP1, respectively. Moreover, BT inhibited lipogenesis and enhanced lipolysis and fatty acid oxidation. This mechanism has been suggested to be mediated by an adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway. BT induces fat browning and regulates lipid metabolism via the AMPK-mediated pathway in 3T3-L1 cells, suggesting that BT can be a promising candidate for controlling obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Chang-Ik Choi
- Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang 10326, Republic of Korea; (H.S.L.); (S.M.C.); (S.H.L.)
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30
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Huang Z, Gu C, Zhang Z, Arianti R, Swaminathan A, Tran K, Battist A, Kristóf E, Ruan HB. Supraclavicular brown adipocytes originate from Tbx1+ myoprogenitors. PLoS Biol 2023; 21:e3002413. [PMID: 38048357 PMCID: PMC10721186 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3002413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Brown adipose tissue (BAT) dissipates energy as heat, contributing to temperature control, energy expenditure, and systemic homeostasis. In adult humans, BAT mainly exists in supraclavicular areas and its prevalence is associated with cardiometabolic health. However, the developmental origin of supraclavicular BAT remains unknown. Here, using genetic cell marking in mice, we demonstrate that supraclavicular brown adipocytes do not develop from the Pax3+/Myf5+ epaxial dermomyotome that gives rise to interscapular BAT (iBAT). Instead, the Tbx1+ lineage that specifies the pharyngeal mesoderm marks the majority of supraclavicular brown adipocytes. Tbx1Cre-mediated ablation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) or PR/SET Domain 16 (PRDM16), components of the transcriptional complex for brown fat determination, leads to supraclavicular BAT paucity or dysfunction, thus rendering mice more sensitive to cold exposure. Moreover, human deep neck BAT expresses higher levels of the TBX1 gene than subcutaneous neck white adipocytes. Taken together, our observations reveal location-specific developmental origins of BAT depots and call attention to Tbx1+ lineage cells when investigating human relevant supraclavicular BAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zan Huang
- Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Chenxin Gu
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Zengdi Zhang
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Rini Arianti
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Aneesh Swaminathan
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Kevin Tran
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Alex Battist
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Endre Kristóf
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Hai-Bin Ruan
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
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31
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Gyurina K, Yarmak M, Sasi-Szabó L, Molnár S, Méhes G, Röszer T. Loss of Uncoupling Protein 1 Expression in the Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue Predicts Childhood Obesity. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16706. [PMID: 38069028 PMCID: PMC10706300 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Stimulation of thermogenesis by inducing uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) expression in adipocytes is thought to promote weight loss by increasing energy expenditure, and it is postulated that the human newborn has thermogenic subcutaneous fat depots. However, it remains unclear whether a relevant number of UCP1-expressing (UCP1+) adipocytes exist in the early postnatal life. Here we studied the distribution of UCP1 and the expression of thermogenic genes in the subcutaneous adipose tissues of the human fetus, infant and child. We show that the deep layer of human fetal and neonatal subcutaneous fat, particularly the abdominal wall, is rich in UCP1+ adipocytes. These adipocytes develop in the late third trimester and persist throughout childhood, expressing a panel of genes linked to mitochondrial biogenesis and thermogenesis. During the early childhood adiposity rebound-a critical phase that determines obesity risk later in life-the absence of adipose tissue UCP1 expression in children with normal body mass index (BMI) correlates with an obesity-associated gene expression signature. Finally, UCP1 expression is negatively correlated with BMI z-score and adipocyte size in infants and children. Overall, our results show that the absence of UCP1 expression in adipose tissue is an early indicator of adipose tissue expansion in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katalin Gyurina
- Institute and University Clinics of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary (L.S.-S.)
| | - Mariia Yarmak
- Institute and University Clinics of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary (L.S.-S.)
| | - László Sasi-Szabó
- Institute and University Clinics of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary (L.S.-S.)
| | - Sarolta Molnár
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (S.M.)
| | - Gábor Méhes
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (S.M.)
| | - Tamás Röszer
- Institute and University Clinics of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary (L.S.-S.)
- Institute of Neurobiology, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany
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32
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Cheng L, Shi L, He C, Wang C, Lv Y, Li H, An Y, Duan Y, Dai H, Zhang H, Huang Y, Fu W, Sun W, Zhao B. Mulberry leaf flavonoids activate BAT and induce browning of WAT to improve type 2 diabetes via regulating the AMPK/SIRT1/PGC-1α signaling pathway. Chin J Nat Med 2023; 21:812-829. [PMID: 38035937 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(23)60481-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Mulberry (Morus alba L.) leaf is a well-established traditional Chinese botanical and culinary resource. It has found widespread application in the management of diabetes. The bioactive constituents of mulberry leaf, specifically mulberry leaf flavonoids (MLFs), exhibit pronounced potential in the amelioration of type 2 diabetes (T2D). This potential is attributed to their ability to safeguard pancreatic β cells, enhance insulin resistance, and inhibit α-glucosidase activity. Our antecedent research findings underscore the substantial therapeutic efficacy of MLFs in treating T2D. However, the precise mechanistic underpinnings of MLF's anti-T2D effects remain the subject of inquiry. Activation of brown/beige adipocytes is a novel and promising strategy for T2D treatment. In the present study, our primary objective was to elucidate the impact of MLFs on adipose tissue browning in db/db mice and 3T3-L1 cells and elucidate its underlying mechanism. The results manifested that MLFs reduced body weight and food intake, alleviated hepatic steatosis, improved insulin sensitivity, and increased lipolysis and thermogenesis in db/db mice. Moreover, MLFs activated brown adipose tissue (BAT) and induced the browning of inguinal white adipose tissue (IWAT) and 3T3-L1 adipocytes by increasing the expressions of brown adipocyte marker genes and proteins such as uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) and beige adipocyte marker genes such as transmembrane protein 26 (Tmem26), thereby promoting mitochondrial biogenesis. Mechanistically, MLFs facilitated the activation of BAT and the induction of WAT browning to ameliorate T2D primarily through the activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/sirtuin 1 (SIRT1)/peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator 1α (PGC-1α) signaling pathway. These findings highlight the unique capacity of MLF to counteract T2D by enhancing BAT activation and inducing browning of IWAT, thereby ameliorating glucose and lipid metabolism disorders. As such, MLFs emerge as a prospective and innovative browning agent for the treatment of T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Cheng
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China; Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Lu Shi
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Changhao He
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Chen Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Yinglan Lv
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Huimin Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Yongcheng An
- College of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Yuhui Duan
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Hongyu Dai
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Huilin Zhang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Yan Huang
- College of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Wanxin Fu
- College of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Weiguang Sun
- GuangZhou Baiyunshan Xingqun Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 510288, China.
| | - Baosheng Zhao
- Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.
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Pan X, Ye L, Guo X, Wang W, Zhang Z, Wang Q, Huang J, Xu J, Cai Y, Shou X, Wang Y, Feng Y, Xie C, Shan P, Meng ZX. Glutamine Production by Glul Promotes Thermogenic Adipocyte Differentiation Through Prdm9-Mediated H3K4me3 and Transcriptional Reprogramming. Diabetes 2023; 72:1574-1596. [PMID: 37579296 DOI: 10.2337/db23-0162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
Thermogenic adipocytes have been extensively investigated because of their energy-dissipating property and therapeutic potential for obesity and diabetes. Besides serving as fuel sources, accumulating evidence suggests that intermediate metabolites play critical roles in multiple biological processes. However, their role in adipocyte differentiation and thermogenesis remains unexplored. Here, we report that human and mouse obesity is associated with marked downregulation of glutamine synthetase (Glul) expression and activity in thermogenic adipose tissues. Glul is robustly upregulated during brown adipocyte (BAC) differentiation and in brown adipose tissue (BAT) upon cold exposure and Cl316,243 stimulation. Further genetic, pharmacologic, or metabolic manipulations of Glul and glutamine levels reveal that glutamine cells autonomously stimulate BAC differentiation and function and BAT remodeling and improve systemic energy homeostasis in mice. Mechanistically, glutamine promotes transcriptional induction of adipogenic and thermogenic gene programs through histone modification-mediated chromatin remodeling. Among all the glutamine-regulated writer and eraser genes responsible for histone methylation and acetylation, only Prdm9, a histone lysine methyltransferase, is robustly induced during BAC differentiation. Importantly, Prdm9 inactivation by shRNA knockdown or a selective inhibitor attenuates glutamine-triggered adipogenic and thermogenic induction. Furthermore, Prdm9 gene transcription is regulated by glutamine through the recruitment of C/EBPb to its enhancer region. This work reveals glutamine as a novel activator of thermogenic adipocyte differentiation and uncovers an unexpected role of C/EBPb-Prdm9-mediated H3K4me3 and transcriptional reprogramming in adipocyte differentiation and thermogenesis. ARTICLE HIGHLIGHTS
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowen Pan
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology and Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Disease Proteomics of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lingxia Ye
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaozhen Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Material Medical, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Weihua Wang
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology and Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Disease Proteomics of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ziyin Zhang
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology and Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Disease Proteomics of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qintao Wang
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology and Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Disease Proteomics of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jingjing Huang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jingya Xu
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology and Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Disease Proteomics of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yanhan Cai
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xinxin Shou
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology and Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuting Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yu Feng
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Cen Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Material Medical, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Pengfei Shan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhuo-Xian Meng
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology and Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Disease Proteomics of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Geriatrics, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Chronic Disease Research Institute, Zhejiang University School of Public Health, Hangzhou, China
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Cai J, Wang F, Shao M. The Emerging Importance of Mitochondria in White Adipocytes: Neither Last nor Least. Endocrinol Metab (Seoul) 2023; 38:493-503. [PMID: 37816498 PMCID: PMC10613775 DOI: 10.3803/enm.2023.1813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The growing recognition of mitochondria's crucial role in the regulation of white adipose tissue remodeling and energy balance underscores its significance. The marked metabolic diversity of mitochondria provides the molecular and cellular foundation for enabling adipose tissue plasticity in response to various metabolic cues. Effective control of mitochondrial function at the cellular level, not only in thermogenic brown and beige adipocytes but also in energy-storing white adipocytes, exerts a profound influence on adipose homeostasis. Furthermore, mitochondria play a pivotal role in intercellular communication within adipose tissue via production of metabolites with signaling properties. A more comprehensive understanding of mitochondrial regulation within white adipocytes will empower the development of targeted and efficacious strategies to enhance adipose function, leading to advancements in overall metabolic health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Cai
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, The Center for Microbes, Development and Health, Shanghai Institute of Immunity and Infection, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Fenfen Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Center for Perioperative Medicine, McGovern Medical School, UT Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Mengle Shao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, The Center for Microbes, Development and Health, Shanghai Institute of Immunity and Infection, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
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35
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von Essen G, Lindsund E, Maldonado EM, Zouhar P, Cannon B, Nedergaard J. Highly recruited brown adipose tissue does not in itself protect against obesity. Mol Metab 2023; 76:101782. [PMID: 37499977 PMCID: PMC10432997 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2023.101782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The possibility to counteract the development of obesity in humans by recruiting brown or brite/beige adipose tissue (and thus UCP1) has attracted much attention. Here we examine if a diet that can activate diet-induced thermogenesis can exploit pre-enhanced amounts of UCP1 to counteract the development of diet-induced obesity. METHODS To investigate the anti-obesity significance of highly augmented amounts of UCP1 for control of body energy reserves, we physiologically increased total UCP1 amounts by recruitment of brown and brite/beige tissues in mice. We then examined the influence of the augmented UCP1 levels on metabolic parameters when the mice were exposed to a high-fat/high-sucrose diet under thermoneutral conditions. RESULTS The total UCP1 levels achieved were about 50-fold higher in recruited than in non-recruited mice. Contrary to underlying expectations, in the mice with highly recruited UCP1 and exposed to a high-fat/high-sucrose diet the thermogenic capacity of this UCP1 was completely inactivate. The mice even transiently (in an adipostat-like manner) demonstrated a higher metabolic efficiency and fat gain than did non-recruited mice. This was accomplished without altering energy expenditure or food absorption efficiency. The metabolic efficiency here was indistinguishable from that of mice totally devoid of UCP1. CONCLUSIONS Although UCP1 protein may be available, it is not inevitably utilized for diet-induced thermogenesis. Thus, although attempts to recruit UCP1 in humans may become successful as such, it is only if constant activation of the UCP1 is also achieved that amelioration of obesity development could be attained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella von Essen
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, The Arrhenius Laboratories F3, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Erik Lindsund
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, The Arrhenius Laboratories F3, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Elaina M Maldonado
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, The Arrhenius Laboratories F3, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Petr Zouhar
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, The Arrhenius Laboratories F3, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden; Laboratory of Adipose Tissue Biology, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, CZ-142 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Barbara Cannon
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, The Arrhenius Laboratories F3, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jan Nedergaard
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, The Arrhenius Laboratories F3, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden.
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Yamaguchi S, Kojima D, Iqbal T, Kosugi S, Franczyk MP, Qi N, Sasaki Y, Yaku K, Kaneko K, Kinouchi K, Itoh H, Hayashi K, Nakagawa T, Yoshino J. Adipocyte NMNAT1 expression is essential for nuclear NAD + biosynthesis but dispensable for regulating thermogenesis and whole-body energy metabolism. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 674:162-169. [PMID: 37421924 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) functions as an essential cofactor regulating a variety of biological processes. The purpose of the present study was to determine the role of nuclear NAD+ biosynthesis, mediated by nicotinamide mononucleotide adenylyltransferase 1 (NMNAT1), in thermogenesis and whole-body energy metabolism. We first evaluated the relationship between NMNAT1 expression and thermogenic activity in brown adipose tissue (BAT), a key organ for non-shivering thermogenesis. We found that reduced BAT NMNAT1expression was associated with inactivation of thermogenic gene program induced by obesity and thermoneutrality. Next, we generated and characterized adiponectin-Cre-driven adipocyte-specific Nmnat1 knockout (ANMT1KO) mice. Loss of NMNAT1 markedly reduced nuclear NAD+ concentration by approximately 70% in BAT. Nonetheless, adipocyte-specific Nmnat1 deletion had no impact on thermogenic (rectal temperature, BAT temperature and whole-body oxygen consumption) responses to β-adrenergic ligand norepinephrine administration and acute cold exposure, adrenergic-mediated lipolytic activity, and metabolic responses to obesogenic high-fat diet feeding. In addition, loss of NMNAT1 did not affect nuclear lysine acetylation or thermogenic gene program in BAT. These results demonstrate that adipocyte NMNAT1 expression is required for maintaining nuclear NAD+ concentration, but not for regulating BAT thermogenesis or whole-body energy homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shintaro Yamaguchi
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan; Center for Human Nutrition, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Daiki Kojima
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Tooba Iqbal
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Shotaro Kosugi
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Michael P Franczyk
- Center for Human Nutrition, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Nathan Qi
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Yo Sasaki
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Keisuke Yaku
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Kenji Kaneko
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Kenichiro Kinouchi
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Itoh
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Kaori Hayashi
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Takashi Nakagawa
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Jun Yoshino
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan; Center for Human Nutrition, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
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37
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Santos KBNH, Knobl P, Henriques F, Lopes MA, Franco FO, Bueno LL, Farmer SR, Batista ML. Pathological beige remodeling induced by cancer cachexia depends on the disease severity and involves mainly the trans-differentiation of mature white adipocytes. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.09.18.558327. [PMID: 37781595 PMCID: PMC10541144 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.18.558327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
In cancer associated cachexia (CAC), white adipose tissue undergoes morphofunctional and inflammatory changes that lead to tissue dysfunction and remodeling. In addition to metabolic changes in white adipose tissues (WAT), adipose tissue atrophy has been implicated in several clinical complications and poor prognoses associated with cachexia. Adipocyte atrophy may be associated with increased beige remodeling in human CAC as evidenced by the "beige remodeling" observed in preclinical models of CAC. Even though beige remodeling is associated with CAC-induced WAT dysfunction, there are still some open questions regarding their cellular origins. In this study, we investigated the development of beige remodeling in CAC from a broader perspective. In addition, we used a grading system to identify the scAT as being affected by mice weight loss early and intensely. Using different in vitro and ex-vivo techniques, we demonstrated that Lewis LLC1 cells can induce a switch from white to beige adipocytes, which is specific to this type of tumor cell. During the more advanced stages of CAC, beige adipocytes are mainly formed from the transdifferentiation of cells. According to our results, humanizing the CAC classification system is an efficient approach to defining the onset of the syndrome in a more homogeneous manner. Pathological beige remodeling occurred early in the disease course and exhibited phenotypic characteristics specific to LLC cells' secretomes. Developing therapeutic strategies that recruit beige adipocytes in vivo may be better guided by an understanding of the cellular origins of beige adipocytes emitted by CAC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pamela Knobl
- Department of Integrated Biotechnology, University of Mogi das Cruzes, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Felipe Henriques
- Department of Integrated Biotechnology, University of Mogi das Cruzes, São Paulo, Brazil
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts,USA
| | - Magno A. Lopes
- Department of Integrated Biotechnology, University of Mogi das Cruzes, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Felipe O. Franco
- Department of Integrated Biotechnology, University of Mogi das Cruzes, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luana L. Bueno
- Department of Integrated Biotechnology, University of Mogi das Cruzes, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Stephen R. Farmer
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Miguel L. Batista
- Department of Integrated Biotechnology, University of Mogi das Cruzes, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
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38
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Xu J, Cui L, Wang J, Zheng S, Zhang H, Ke S, Cao X, Shi Y, Li J, Zen K, Vidal-Puig A, Zhang CY, Li L, Jiang X. Cold-activated brown fat-derived extracellular vesicle-miR-378a-3p stimulates hepatic gluconeogenesis in male mice. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5480. [PMID: 37673898 PMCID: PMC10482845 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41160-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
During cold exposure, activated brown adipose tissue (BAT) takes up a large amount of circulating glucose to fuel non-shivering thermogenesis and defend against hypothermia. However, little is known about the endocrine function of BAT controlling glucose homoeostasis under this thermoregulatory challenge. Here, we show that in male mice, activated BAT-derived extracellular vesicles (BDEVs) reprogram systemic glucose metabolism by promoting hepatic gluconeogenesis during cold stress. Cold exposure facilitates the selective packaging of miR-378a-3p-one of the BAT-enriched miRNAs-into EVs and delivery into the liver. BAT-derived miR-378a-3p enhances gluconeogenesis by targeting p110α. miR-378 KO mice display reduced hepatic gluconeogenesis during cold exposure, while restoration of miR-378a-3p in iBAT induces the expression of gluconeogenic genes in the liver. These findings provide a mechanistic understanding of BDEV-miRNA as stress-induced batokine to coordinate systemic glucose homoeostasis. This miR-378a-3p-mediated interorgan communication highlights a novel endocrine function of BAT in preventing hypoglycemia during cold stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhong Xu
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Center of Molecular Diagnostic and Therapy, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Le Cui
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Center of Molecular Diagnostic and Therapy, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiaqi Wang
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Center of Molecular Diagnostic and Therapy, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shasha Zheng
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Center of Molecular Diagnostic and Therapy, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huahua Zhang
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Center of Molecular Diagnostic and Therapy, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shuo Ke
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Center of Molecular Diagnostic and Therapy, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaoqin Cao
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Center of Molecular Diagnostic and Therapy, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yanteng Shi
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Center of Molecular Diagnostic and Therapy, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jing Li
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Center of Molecular Diagnostic and Therapy, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ke Zen
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Center of Molecular Diagnostic and Therapy, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Antonio Vidal-Puig
- Wellcome-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, Cambridge, UK.
- Cambridge University Nanjing Centre of Technology and Innovation, Nanjing, China.
| | - Chen-Yu Zhang
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Center of Molecular Diagnostic and Therapy, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, NJU Advanced Institute of Life Sciences (NAILS), Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
- Research Unit of Extracellular RNA, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
- Institute of Artificial Intelligence Biomedicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Liang Li
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Center of Molecular Diagnostic and Therapy, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, NJU Advanced Institute of Life Sciences (NAILS), Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Xiaohong Jiang
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Center of Molecular Diagnostic and Therapy, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
- Cambridge University Nanjing Centre of Technology and Innovation, Nanjing, China.
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, NJU Advanced Institute of Life Sciences (NAILS), Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
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39
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Paluvai H, Shanmukha KD, Tyedmers J, Backs J. Insights into the function of HDAC3 and NCoR1/NCoR2 co-repressor complex in metabolic diseases. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 10:1190094. [PMID: 37674539 PMCID: PMC10477789 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1190094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3) and nuclear receptor co-repressor (NCoR1/2) are epigenetic regulators that play a key role in gene expression and metabolism. HDAC3 is a class I histone deacetylase that functions as a transcriptional co-repressor, modulating gene expression by removing acetyl groups from histones and non-histone proteins. NCoR1, on the other hand, is a transcriptional co-repressor that interacts with nuclear hormone receptors, including peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) and liver X receptor (LXR), to regulate metabolic gene expression. Recent research has revealed a functional link between HDAC3 and NCoR1 in the regulation of metabolic gene expression. Genetic deletion of HDAC3 in mouse models has been shown to improve glucose intolerance and insulin sensitivity in the liver, skeletal muscle, and adipose tissue. Similarly, genetic deletion of NCoR1 has improved insulin resistance and reduced adiposity in mouse models. Dysregulation of this interaction has been associated with the development of cardio-metabolic diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, obesity and type 2 diabetes, suggesting that targeting this pathway may hold promise for the development of novel therapeutic interventions. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of individual functions of HDAC3 and NCoR1/2 and the co-repressor complex formation (HDAC3/NCoR1/2) in different metabolic tissues. Further studies are needed to thoroughly understand the mechanisms through which HDAC3, and NCoR1/2 govern metabolic processes and the implications for treating metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harikrishnareddy Paluvai
- Institute of Experimental Cardiology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kumar D. Shanmukha
- Institute of Experimental Cardiology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jens Tyedmers
- Institute of Experimental Cardiology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Johannes Backs
- Institute of Experimental Cardiology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany
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40
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Hiraike Y, Saito K, Oguchi M, Wada T, Toda G, Tsutsumi S, Bando K, Sagawa J, Nagano G, Ohno H, Kubota N, Kubota T, Aburatani H, Kadowaki T, Waki H, Yanagimoto S, Yamauchi T. NFIA in adipocytes reciprocally regulates mitochondrial and inflammatory gene program to improve glucose homeostasis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2308750120. [PMID: 37487068 PMCID: PMC10401007 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2308750120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue is central to regulation of energy homeostasis. Adaptive thermogenesis, which relies on mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (Ox-Phos), dissipates energy to counteract obesity. On the other hand, chronic inflammation in adipose tissue is linked to type 2 diabetes and obesity. Here, we show that nuclear factor I-A (NFIA), a transcriptional regulator of brown and beige adipocytes, improves glucose homeostasis by upregulation of Ox-Phos and reciprocal downregulation of inflammation. Mice with transgenic expression of NFIA in adipocytes exhibited improved glucose tolerance and limited weight gain. NFIA up-regulates Ox-Phos and brown-fat-specific genes by enhancer activation that involves facilitated genomic binding of PPARγ. In contrast, NFIA in adipocytes, but not in macrophages, down-regulates proinflammatory cytokine genes to ameliorate adipose tissue inflammation. NFIA binds to regulatory region of the Ccl2 gene, which encodes proinflammatory cytokine MCP-1 (monocyte chemoattractant protein-1), to down-regulate its transcription. CCL2 expression was negatively correlated with NFIA expression in human adipose tissue. These results reveal the beneficial effect of NFIA on glucose and body weight homeostasis and also highlight previously unappreciated role of NFIA in suppressing adipose tissue inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuta Hiraike
- Division for Health Service Promotion, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo113-0033, Japan
- The University of Tokyo Excellent Young Researcher Program, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo113-8654, Japan
| | - Kaede Saito
- Division for Health Service Promotion, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo113-0033, Japan
| | - Misato Oguchi
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo113-8655, Japan
| | - Takahito Wada
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo113-8655, Japan
| | - Gotaro Toda
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo113-8655, Japan
| | - Shuichi Tsutsumi
- Genome Science and Medicine Laboratory, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo153-8904, Japan
| | - Kana Bando
- Laboratory for Animal Resources and Genetic Engineering, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe650-0047, Japan
| | - Junji Sagawa
- Department of Molecular and Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima734-8551, Japan
| | - Gaku Nagano
- Department of Molecular and Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima734-8551, Japan
| | - Haruya Ohno
- Department of Molecular and Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima734-8551, Japan
| | - Naoto Kubota
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo113-8655, Japan
- Department of Clinical Nutrition Therapy, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo113-8655, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Kubota
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo113-8655, Japan
- Division of Diabetes and Metabolism, The Institute of Medical Science, Asahi Life Foundation, Tokyo103-0002, Japan
- National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Tokyo162-8636, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Aburatani
- Genome Science and Medicine Laboratory, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo153-8904, Japan
| | | | - Hironori Waki
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita010-8543, Japan
| | - Shintaro Yanagimoto
- Division for Health Service Promotion, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo113-0033, Japan
| | - Toshimasa Yamauchi
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo113-8655, Japan
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41
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Suchacki KJ, Ramage LE, Kwok TC, Kelman A, McNeill BT, Rodney S, Keegan M, Gray C, MacNaught G, Patel D, Fletcher AM, Simpson JP, Carter RN, Semple RK, Homer NZM, Morton NM, van Beek EJR, Wakelin SJ, Stimson RH. The serotonin transporter sustains human brown adipose tissue thermogenesis. Nat Metab 2023; 5:1319-1336. [PMID: 37537371 PMCID: PMC10447248 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-023-00839-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Activation of brown adipose tissue (BAT) in humans is a strategy to treat obesity and metabolic disease. Here we show that the serotonin transporter (SERT), encoded by SLC6A4, prevents serotonin-mediated suppression of human BAT function. RNA sequencing of human primary brown and white adipocytes shows that SLC6A4 is highly expressed in human, but not murine, brown adipocytes and BAT. Serotonin decreases uncoupled respiration and reduces uncoupling protein 1 via the 5-HT2B receptor. SERT inhibition by the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) sertraline prevents uptake of extracellular serotonin, thereby potentiating serotonin's suppressive effect on brown adipocytes. Furthermore, we see that sertraline reduces BAT activation in healthy volunteers, and SSRI-treated patients demonstrate no 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose uptake by BAT at room temperature, unlike matched controls. Inhibition of BAT thermogenesis may contribute to SSRI-induced weight gain and metabolic dysfunction, and reducing peripheral serotonin action may be an approach to treat obesity and metabolic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karla J Suchacki
- University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Lynne E Ramage
- University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh, UK
| | - T'ng Choong Kwok
- University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Alexandra Kelman
- University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Ben T McNeill
- University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Stewart Rodney
- University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Matthew Keegan
- University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Calum Gray
- Edinburgh Imaging Facility QMRI, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Gillian MacNaught
- Edinburgh Imaging Facility QMRI, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Department of Medical Physics, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Dilip Patel
- Edinburgh Imaging Facility QMRI, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Department of Medical Physics, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Alison M Fletcher
- Edinburgh Imaging Facility QMRI, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Department of Medical Physics, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Joanna P Simpson
- Mass Spectrometry Core, Edinburgh Clinical Research Facility, University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Roderick N Carter
- University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Robert K Semple
- University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Natalie Z M Homer
- University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh, UK
- Mass Spectrometry Core, Edinburgh Clinical Research Facility, University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Nicholas M Morton
- University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Edwin J R van Beek
- University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh, UK
- Edinburgh Imaging Facility QMRI, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Department of Medical Physics, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Sonia J Wakelin
- Department of Surgery, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Roland H Stimson
- University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh, UK.
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42
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Bagon BB, Lee J, Matienzo ME, Lee SJ, Pak SW, Kim K, Lee J, Lee CM, Shin IS, Moon C, Park MJ, Kim DI. Cold-induced adaptive thermogenesis is impaired by exposure of Asian sand dust in mice. J Therm Biol 2023; 116:103675. [PMID: 37517326 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2023.103675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Desertification and desert sandstorms caused by the worsening global warming pose increasing risks to human health. In particular, Asian sand dust (ASD) exposure has been related to an increase in mortality and hospital admissions for respiratory diseases. In this study, we investigated the effects of ASD on metabolic tissues in comparison to diesel particulate matter (DPM) that is known to cause adverse health effects. We found that larger lipid droplets were accumulated in the brown adipose tissues (BAT) of ASD-administered but not DPM-administered mice. Thermogenic gene expression was decreased in these mice as well. When ASD-administered mice were exposed to the cold, they failed to maintain their body temperature, suggesting that the ASD administration had led to impairments in cold-induced adaptive thermogenesis. However, impaired thermogenesis was not observed in DPM-administered mice. Furthermore, mice fed a high-fat diet that were chronically administered ASD demonstrated unexplained weight loss, indicating that chronic administration of ASD could be lethal in obese mice. We further identified that ASD-induced lung inflammation was not exacerbated in uncoupling protein 1 knockout mice, whose thermogenic capacity is impaired. Collectively, ASD exposure can impair cold-induced adaptive thermogenic responses in mice and increase the risk of mortality in obese mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernadette B Bagon
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea
| | - Junhyeong Lee
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea; College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 FOUR Program, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea
| | - Merc Emil Matienzo
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea; College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 FOUR Program, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea
| | - Se-Jin Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 FOUR Program, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea; Department of Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea
| | - So-Won Pak
- College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 FOUR Program, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea; Department of Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea
| | - Keon Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 FOUR Program, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea; Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea
| | - Jeongmin Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 FOUR Program, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea; Department of Veterinary Anatomy and Animal Behavior, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea
| | - Chang-Min Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 FOUR Program, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea; Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea
| | - In-Sik Shin
- College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 FOUR Program, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea; Department of Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea
| | - Changjong Moon
- College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 FOUR Program, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea; Department of Veterinary Anatomy and Animal Behavior, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea
| | - Min-Jung Park
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea.
| | - Dong-Il Kim
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea; College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 FOUR Program, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea.
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de Lange P, Lombardi A, Silvestri E, Cioffi F, Giacco A, Iervolino S, Petito G, Senese R, Lanni A, Moreno M. Physiological Approaches Targeting Cellular and Mitochondrial Pathways Underlying Adipose Organ Senescence. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11676. [PMID: 37511435 PMCID: PMC10380998 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The adipose organ is involved in many metabolic functions, ranging from the production of endocrine factors to the regulation of thermogenic processes. Aging is a natural process that affects the physiology of the adipose organ, leading to metabolic disorders, thus strongly impacting healthy aging. Cellular senescence modifies many functional aspects of adipose tissue, leading to metabolic alterations through defective adipogenesis, inflammation, and aberrant adipocytokine production, and in turn, it triggers systemic inflammation and senescence, as well as insulin resistance in metabolically active tissues, leading to premature declined physiological features. In the various aging fat depots, senescence involves a multiplicity of cell types, including mature adipocytes and immune, endothelial, and progenitor cells that are aging, highlighting their involvement in the loss of metabolic flexibility, one of the common features of aging-related metabolic disorders. Since mitochondrial stress represents a key trigger of cellular senescence, and senescence leads to the accumulation of abnormal mitochondria with impaired dynamics and hindered homeostasis, this review focuses on the beneficial potential of targeting mitochondria, so that strategies can be developed to manage adipose tissue senescence for the treatment of age-related metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pieter de Lange
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali, Biologiche e Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Vivaldi 43, 81130 Caserta, Italy
| | - Assunta Lombardi
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", Monte Sant'Angelo, Via Cinthia 4, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Elena Silvestri
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie, Università degli Studi del Sannio, via De Sanctis snc, 82100 Benevento, Italy
| | - Federica Cioffi
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie, Università degli Studi del Sannio, via De Sanctis snc, 82100 Benevento, Italy
| | - Antonia Giacco
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie, Università degli Studi del Sannio, via De Sanctis snc, 82100 Benevento, Italy
| | - Stefania Iervolino
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie, Università degli Studi del Sannio, via De Sanctis snc, 82100 Benevento, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Petito
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali, Biologiche e Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Vivaldi 43, 81130 Caserta, Italy
| | - Rosalba Senese
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali, Biologiche e Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Vivaldi 43, 81130 Caserta, Italy
| | - Antonia Lanni
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali, Biologiche e Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Vivaldi 43, 81130 Caserta, Italy
| | - Maria Moreno
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie, Università degli Studi del Sannio, via De Sanctis snc, 82100 Benevento, Italy
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Wang B, Du M. Increasing adipocyte number and reducing adipocyte size: the role of retinoids in adipose tissue development and metabolism. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023:1-18. [PMID: 37427553 PMCID: PMC10776826 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2227258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
The rising prevalence of obesity is a grave public health threat. In response to excessive energy intake, adipocyte hypertrophy impairs cellular function and leads to metabolic dysfunctions while de novo adipogenesis leads to healthy adipose tissue expansion. Through burning fatty acids and glucose, the thermogenic activity of brown/beige adipocytes can effectively reduce the size of adipocytes. Recent studies show that retinoids, especially retinoic acid (RA), promote adipose vascular development which in turn increases the number of adipose progenitors surrounding the vascular vessels. RA also promotes preadipocyte commitment. In addition, RA promotes white adipocyte browning and stimulates the thermogenic activity of brown/beige adipocytes. Thus, vitamin A is a promising anti-obesity micronutrient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, PR China
| | - Min Du
- Laboratory of Nutrigenomics and Growth Biology, Department of Animal Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
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45
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Maalouf J, Pelletier A, Corona A, Gay-Quéheillard J, Bach V, de Seze R, Selmaoui B. Dose- and Time-Dependent Effects of Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Field on Adipose Tissue: Implications of Thermoregulation and Mitochondrial Signaling. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10628. [PMID: 37445806 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have shed light on the effects of low-intensity radiofrequency (RF) fields on thermoregulation and adipose tissue metabolism. The present study aims to further explore these effects by analyzing the expression of thermoregulatory genes and investigating the involvement of mitochondria in adipose tissue metabolism. Male mice (n = 36 C57BL/6J) were assigned to either exposed or control groups. The exposed groups were subjected to RF fields at 900 MHz, with specific absorption rates (SAR) of 0.1 W/kg or 0.4 W/kg, either for three or seven consecutive days. The findings indicate that RF exposure leads to changes in adipose tissue markers, with some effects being dose-dependent and time-dependent. In brown adipose tissue (BAT), after 3 days of RF exposure, thermogenesis is reduced, mitochondrial activity in BAT decreases, and an increase in gene expression, responsible for balancing the regulatory and damaging effects of reactive oxygen species (ROS), was observed. This effect was partially compensated after 7 days of exposure. In white adipose tissue (WAT), RF exposure results in reduced fatty acid oxidation, impaired energy production, and hindered adipocyte differentiation. Notably, no effects of RF on mitochondrial biogenesis in WAT were observed. These findings contribute to understanding the effects of RF exposure on adipose tissue metabolism and thermoregulation, highlighting dose-dependent and time-dependent responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Maalouf
- PériTox-Périnatalité et Risques Toxiques-UMR_I 01, Centre Universitaire de Recherche en Santé, CURS-UPJV, University of Picardy Jules Verne, CEDEX 1, 80054 Amiens, France
- Department of Experimental Toxicology and Modeling (TEAM), Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | - Amandine Pelletier
- PériTox-Périnatalité et Risques Toxiques-UMR_I 01, Centre Universitaire de Recherche en Santé, CURS-UPJV, University of Picardy Jules Verne, CEDEX 1, 80054 Amiens, France
| | - Aurélie Corona
- PériTox-Périnatalité et Risques Toxiques-UMR_I 01, Centre Universitaire de Recherche en Santé, CURS-UPJV, University of Picardy Jules Verne, CEDEX 1, 80054 Amiens, France
| | - Jérôme Gay-Quéheillard
- PériTox-Périnatalité et Risques Toxiques-UMR_I 01, Centre Universitaire de Recherche en Santé, CURS-UPJV, University of Picardy Jules Verne, CEDEX 1, 80054 Amiens, France
| | - Véronique Bach
- PériTox-Périnatalité et Risques Toxiques-UMR_I 01, Centre Universitaire de Recherche en Santé, CURS-UPJV, University of Picardy Jules Verne, CEDEX 1, 80054 Amiens, France
| | - René de Seze
- PériTox-Périnatalité et Risques Toxiques-UMR_I 01, Centre Universitaire de Recherche en Santé, CURS-UPJV, University of Picardy Jules Verne, CEDEX 1, 80054 Amiens, France
- Department of Experimental Toxicology and Modeling (TEAM), Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | - Brahim Selmaoui
- PériTox-Périnatalité et Risques Toxiques-UMR_I 01, Centre Universitaire de Recherche en Santé, CURS-UPJV, University of Picardy Jules Verne, CEDEX 1, 80054 Amiens, France
- Department of Experimental Toxicology and Modeling (TEAM), Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
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Castellá M, Blasco-Roset A, Peyrou M, Gavaldà-Navarro A, Villarroya J, Quesada-López T, Lorente-Poch L, Sancho J, Szymczak F, Piron A, Rodríguez-Fernández S, Carobbio S, Goday A, Domingo P, Vidal-Puig A, Giralt M, Eizirik DL, Villarroya F, Cereijo R. Adipose tissue plasticity in pheochromocytoma patients suggests a role of the splicing machinery in human adipose browning. iScience 2023; 26:106847. [PMID: 37250773 PMCID: PMC10209542 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue from pheochromocytoma patients acquires brown fat features, making it a valuable model for studying the mechanisms that control thermogenic adipose plasticity in humans. Transcriptomic analyses revealed a massive downregulation of splicing machinery components and splicing regulatory factors in browned adipose tissue from patients, with upregulation of a few genes encoding RNA-binding proteins potentially involved in splicing regulation. These changes were also observed in cell culture models of human brown adipocyte differentiation, confirming a potential involvement of splicing in the cell-autonomous control of adipose browning. The coordinated changes in splicing are associated with a profound modification in the expression levels of splicing-driven transcript isoforms for genes involved in the specialized metabolism of brown adipocytes and those encoding master transcriptional regulators of adipose browning. Splicing control appears to be a relevant component of the coordinated gene expression changes that allow human adipose tissue to acquire a brown phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moisés Castellá
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Universitat de Barcelona; Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB); and Institut de Recerca de Sant Joan de Déu, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Albert Blasco-Roset
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Universitat de Barcelona; Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB); and Institut de Recerca de Sant Joan de Déu, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Marion Peyrou
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Universitat de Barcelona; Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB); and Institut de Recerca de Sant Joan de Déu, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Aleix Gavaldà-Navarro
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Universitat de Barcelona; Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB); and Institut de Recerca de Sant Joan de Déu, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Joan Villarroya
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Universitat de Barcelona; Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB); and Institut de Recerca de Sant Joan de Déu, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Tania Quesada-López
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Universitat de Barcelona; Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB); and Institut de Recerca de Sant Joan de Déu, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB SANT PAU), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, and Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08041 Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Juan Sancho
- Endocrine Surgery Unit, Hospital del Mar, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Florian Szymczak
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Medical Faculty, Université Libre De Bruxelles (ULB), 1070 Brussels, Belgium
- Interuniversity Institute of Bioinformatics in Brussels, Université Libre de Bruxelles-Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Anthony Piron
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Medical Faculty, Université Libre De Bruxelles (ULB), 1070 Brussels, Belgium
- Interuniversity Institute of Bioinformatics in Brussels, Université Libre de Bruxelles-Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sonia Rodríguez-Fernández
- University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge 289, UK
| | - Stefania Carobbio
- Bases Moleculares de Patologías Humanas, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, 46012 Valencia, Spain
| | - Albert Goday
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Endocrinology Service, Hospital del Mar, IMIM, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Pere Domingo
- Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB SANT PAU), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, and Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08041 Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Antonio Vidal-Puig
- University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge 289, UK
| | - Marta Giralt
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Universitat de Barcelona; Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB); and Institut de Recerca de Sant Joan de Déu, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Décio L. Eizirik
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Medical Faculty, Université Libre De Bruxelles (ULB), 1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Francesc Villarroya
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Universitat de Barcelona; Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB); and Institut de Recerca de Sant Joan de Déu, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rubén Cereijo
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Universitat de Barcelona; Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB); and Institut de Recerca de Sant Joan de Déu, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB SANT PAU), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, and Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08041 Barcelona, Spain
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47
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Adachi Y, Ueda K, Takimoto E. Perivascular adipose tissue in vascular pathologies-a novel therapeutic target for atherosclerotic disease? Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1151717. [PMID: 37304960 PMCID: PMC10250715 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1151717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Most blood vessels are surrounded by adipose tissues known as perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT). Emerging experimental data have implicated the potential involvement of PVAT in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease: PVAT might be a source of inflammatory mediators under pathological conditions such as metabolic disorders, chronic inflammation, and aging, leading to vascular pathologies, while having vasculo-protective roles in a healthy state. PVAT has been also gaining attention in human disease conditions. Recent integrative omics approaches have greatly enhanced our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the diverse functions of PVAT. This review summarizes recent progress in PVAT research and discusses the potential of PVAT as a target for the treatment of atherosclerosis.
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48
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Flori L, Piragine E, Spezzini J, Citi V, Calderone V, Martelli A. Influence of Polyphenols on Adipose Tissue: Sirtuins as Pivotal Players in the Browning Process. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119276. [PMID: 37298226 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue (AT) can be classified into two different types: (i) white adipose tissue (WAT), which represents the largest amount of total AT, and has the main function of storing fatty acids for energy needs and (ii) brown adipose tissue (BAT), rich in mitochondria and specialized in thermogenesis. Many exogenous stimuli, e.g., cold, exercise or pharmacological/nutraceutical tools, promote the phenotypic change of WAT to a beige phenotype (BeAT), with intermediate characteristics between BAT and WAT; this process is called "browning". The modulation of AT differentiation towards WAT or BAT, and the phenotypic switch to BeAT, seem to be crucial steps to limit weight gain. Polyphenols are emerging as compounds able to induce browning and thermogenesis processes, potentially via activation of sirtuins. SIRT1 (the most investigated sirtuin) activates a factor involved in mitochondrial biogenesis, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1α (PGC-1α), which, through peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPAR-γ) modulation, induces typical genes of BAT and inhibits genes of WAT during the transdifferentiation process in white adipocytes. This review article aims to summarize the current evidence, from pre-clinical studies to clinical trials, on the ability of polyphenols to promote the browning process, with a specific focus on the potential role of sirtuins in the pharmacological/nutraceutical effects of natural compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Flori
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Jacopo Spezzini
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Valentina Citi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Calderone
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
- Interdepartmental Research Center "Nutrafood: Nutraceutica e Alimentazione per la Salute", University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
- Interdepartmental Research Center "Biology and Pathology of Ageing", University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Alma Martelli
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
- Interdepartmental Research Center "Nutrafood: Nutraceutica e Alimentazione per la Salute", University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
- Interdepartmental Research Center "Biology and Pathology of Ageing", University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
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49
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Zu Y, Pahlavani M, Ramalingam L, Jayarathne S, Andrade J, Scoggin S, Festuccia WT, Kalupahana NS, Moustaid-Moussa N. Temperature-Dependent Effects of Eicosapentaenoic Acid (EPA) on Browning of Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue in UCP1 Knockout Male Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24108708. [PMID: 37240054 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) plays a central role in thermogenic tissues by uncoupling cellular respiration to dissipate energy. Beige adipocytes, an inducible form of thermogenic cells in subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), have become a major focus in obesity research. We have previously shown that eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) ameliorated high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity by activating brown fat in C57BL/6J (B6) mice at thermoneutrality (30 °C), independently of UCP1. Here, we investigated whether ambient temperature (22 °C) impacts EPA effects on SAT browning in wild-type (WT) and UCP1 knockout (KO) male mice and dissected underlying mechanisms using a cell model. We observed resistance to diet-induced obesity in UCP1 KO mice fed HFD at ambient temperature, with significantly higher expression of UCP1-independent thermogenic markers, compared to WT mice. These markers included the fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) and sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase 2b (SERCA2b), suggesting the indispensable role of temperature in beige fat reprogramming. Surprisingly, although EPA induced thermogenic effects in SAT-derived adipocytes harvested from both KO and WT mice, EPA only increased thermogenic gene and protein expression in the SAT of UCP1 KO mice housed at ambient temperature. Collectively, our findings indicate that the thermogenic effects of EPA, which are independent of UCP1, occur in a temperature-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujiao Zu
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
- Obesity Research Institute, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
| | - Mandana Pahlavani
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
- Obesity Research Institute, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
| | - Latha Ramalingam
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
- Obesity Research Institute, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
| | - Shasika Jayarathne
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
- Obesity Research Institute, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
| | - Jose Andrade
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
- Obesity Research Institute, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
| | - Shane Scoggin
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
- Obesity Research Institute, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
| | - William T Festuccia
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Nishan S Kalupahana
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya 20400, Sri Lanka
| | - Naima Moustaid-Moussa
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
- Obesity Research Institute, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
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50
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Lee HJ, Lee J, Yang MJ, Kim YC, Hong SP, Kim JM, Hwang GS, Koh GY. Endothelial cell-derived stem cell factor promotes lipid accumulation through c-Kit-mediated increase of lipogenic enzymes in brown adipocytes. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2754. [PMID: 37179330 PMCID: PMC10183046 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38433-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Active thermogenesis in the brown adipose tissue (BAT) facilitating the utilization of lipids and glucose is critical for maintaining body temperature and reducing metabolic diseases, whereas inactive BAT accumulates lipids in brown adipocytes (BAs), leading to BAT whitening. Although cellular crosstalk between endothelial cells (ECs) and adipocytes is essential for the transport and utilization of fatty acid in BAs, the angiocrine roles of ECs mediating this crosstalk remain poorly understood. Using single-nucleus RNA sequencing and knock-out male mice, we demonstrate that stem cell factor (SCF) derived from ECs upregulates gene expressions and protein levels of the enzymes for de novo lipogenesis, and promotes lipid accumulation by activating c-Kit in BAs. In the early phase of lipid accumulation induced by denervation or thermoneutrality, transiently expressed c-Kit on BAs increases the protein levels of the lipogenic enzymes via PI3K and AKT signaling. EC-specific SCF deletion and BA-specific c-Kit deletion attenuate the induction of the lipogenic enzymes and suppress the enlargement of lipid droplets in BAs after denervation or thermoneutrality in male mice. These data provide insight into SCF/c-Kit signaling as a regulator that promotes lipid accumulation through the increase of lipogenic enzymes in BAT when thermogenesis is inhibited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyuek Jong Lee
- Center for Vascular Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jueun Lee
- Integrated Metabolomics Research Group, Western Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Seoul, 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung Jin Yang
- Center for Vascular Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Chan Kim
- Center for Vascular Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon Pyo Hong
- Center for Vascular Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Mo Kim
- Center for Vascular Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Geum-Sook Hwang
- Integrated Metabolomics Research Group, Western Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Seoul, 03760, Republic of Korea.
- Colleage of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea.
| | - Gou Young Koh
- Center for Vascular Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
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