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Olatunji BO, Knowles KA, Adamis AM, Cole DA. Linking a latent variable trait-state-occasion model of emotion regulation to cognitive control. Cogn Emot 2024; 38:898-912. [PMID: 38525828 DOI: 10.1080/02699931.2024.2332594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Emotion dysregulation (ED) is a vulnerability factor for affective disorders that may originate from deficits in cognitive control (CC). Although measures of ED are often designed to assess trait-like tendencies, the extent to which such measures capture a time-varying (TV) or state-like construct versus a time-invariant (TI) or trait-like personality characteristic is unclear. The link between the TV and TI components of ED and CC is also unclear. In a 6-wave, 5-month longitudinal study, community participants (n = 1281) completed the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS-16), a commonly used measure of ED and measures of CC. A latent variable (trait-state-occasion) model showed that the proportion of TI factor variance (.80) was greater than the TV factor variance (.19). Although TV factor stability was significant, the coefficients were small in magnitude. Furthermore, regression weights for the ED TI factor (average β = -.62) were significant and larger than those for the TV factor (average β = -.10) in predicting latent CC at each of the six-time points. These findings suggest that ED, as assessed by the DERS-16, is largely TI and this TI component is more strongly linked to CC than the TV component.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bunmi O Olatunji
- Department of Psychology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Kelly A Knowles
- Anxiety Disorders Center, Institute of Living/Hartford Hospital, Connecticut, CT, USA
| | | | - David A Cole
- Department of Psychology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
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Jiménez-Orenga N, Díaz-García A, García-Palacios A, Bretón-López J. Effectiveness of a blended group transdiagnostic treatment for emotional disorders: Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Internet Interv 2024; 37:100761. [PMID: 39188940 PMCID: PMC11345571 DOI: 10.1016/j.invent.2024.100761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Emotional disorders (ED) (mood and anxiety disorders) are very prevalent and disabling, and often appear in comorbid presentations. Although there are effective treatments for these disorders, there is still a large gap between the number of people who need them and those who actually receive them. The combination of three strategies may help in this regard, facilitating the dissemination and accessibility of treatment: the transdiagnostic perspective of ED, the group format, and the use of technologies in a blended format (i.e., the combination of online and face-to-face therapy elements). This study intends to compare the efficacy of a new ED intervention, a transdiagnostic group treatment protocol administered in a blended format, with that of a face-to-face treatment. This article describes the study protocol for the randomized controlled trial. Method and analyses A two-arm, parallel-group, randomized controlled clinical trial (RCT) will be conducted. Participants (N = 144) will be adult volunteers suffering from DSM-5 anxiety and/or depressive disorders and will be randomly assigned to one of two conditions: Face-to-face Group Transdiagnostic Protocol or Blended Group Transdiagnostic Protocol. The face-to-face condition will consist of a total of 16 weekly face-to-face group sessions, while the blended condition will consist of 8 biweekly face-to-face group sessions in combination with self-applied work through a web platform. Clinical and acceptability measures will be included in both groups. Assessments will be performed at baseline, during the treatment, at post-treatment, and at 3-, 6- and 12-month follow-ups. This study received the approval of the Ethics Committee of Universitat Jaume I in October 2021 (CD/91/2021). Intention-to-treat analyses will be performed. Statistical analyses will be carried out using SPSS version 28.0. The results will be reported in accordance with CONSORT recommendations. Discussion This is the first RCT to compare the effectiveness of an ED treatment protocol based on the transdiagnostic perspective and applied in group and blended format. It will offer relevant data to continue moving forward towards treatment alternatives that are cost-effective and more accessible, so that all patients with ED who require them can benefit. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05569018. Registered 06 October 2022, https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05569018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noelia Jiménez-Orenga
- Department of Basic, Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, Universitat Jaume I, Castellón, Spain
| | - Amanda Díaz-García
- Department of Psychology and Sociology, Universidad de Zaragoza, Teruel, Spain
| | - Azucena García-Palacios
- Department of Basic, Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, Universitat Jaume I, Castellón, Spain
- CIBER de Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juani Bretón-López
- Department of Basic, Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, Universitat Jaume I, Castellón, Spain
- CIBER de Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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Boutelle KN, Manzano MA, Pasquale EK, Bernard RS, Strong DR, Rhee KE, Eichen DM, Engel S, Miller A, Peterson CB. Design of the FRESH-teen study: A randomized controlled trial evaluating an adapted emotion regulation weight loss program for adolescents with overweight or obesity and their parent. Contemp Clin Trials 2024; 145:107640. [PMID: 39079614 DOI: 10.1016/j.cct.2024.107640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
Overweight and obesity affect >40% of adolescents. Family-based behavioral treatment (FBT) is the most efficacious behavioral treatment for weight management among youth and consists of nutrition and physical activity education, behavior change skills, and parent skills training. However, the efficacy of FBT decreases for youth as they get older. Increased emotional lability and limited emotion regulation skills may contribute to the reduced efficacy of FBT for adolescents. To date, there are no treatments for overweight or obesity specifically adapted for the needs of adolescents. We developed a treatment that integrates components from Dialectical Behavior Therapy and Emotion Focused Therapy with FBT (FBT+ER or FBT-ER) to address the specific needs of adolescents. The current study randomized 166 adolescents (BMI = 32.8; 14.3 years; 57% female; 32% Hispanic, 50% Non-Hispanic White, 18% Non-Hispanic and Non-White) and one of their parents (BMI = 32.9; 45.3 years; 85% female; 27% Hispanic, 57% Non-Hispanic White, 16% Non-Hispanic and Non-White) to 6 months of either standard FBT or FBT+ at 2 sites. Assessments were conducted at baseline, mid-treatment (month 3), post-treatment (month 6), 6-month follow-up (month 12) and 12-month follow-up (month 18). Primary outcomes are adolescent weight (BMIz/%BMIp95), emotion regulation skills, and emotional eating behaviors. Given the public health concern of adolescent obesity, FBT+ could prove extremely useful to provide more targeted and effective intervention for adolescents with overweight or obesity. CLINICAL TRIALS: # NCT03674944.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerri N Boutelle
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
| | - Michael A Manzano
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; San Diego State University/University of California, San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, 6363 Alvarado Court, Suite 103, San Diego, CA 92120, USA
| | - Ellen K Pasquale
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; San Diego State University/University of California, San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, 6363 Alvarado Court, Suite 103, San Diego, CA 92120, USA
| | - Rebecca S Bernard
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - David R Strong
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Kyung E Rhee
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Dawn M Eichen
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Scott Engel
- Sanford Research, 120 S. 8(th) St., Fargo, ND 58103, USA
| | - Alec Miller
- Department of Psychiatry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1 North Broadway Room: 704, White Plains, NY 10601, USA
| | - Carol B Peterson
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota, F282/2A West 2450 Riverside Ave, Minneapolis, MN 55454, USA
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Weiss NH, Dixon-Gordon KL, Brick LA, Goldstein SC, Schick MR, Laws H, Kiefer R, Contractor AA, Sullivan TP. Measuring emotion dysregulation in daily life: an experience sampling study. ANXIETY, STRESS, AND COPING 2024:1-19. [PMID: 38932637 DOI: 10.1080/10615806.2024.2366031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Literature underscores the importance of emotion dysregulation in clinical research. However, one critical limitation of the existing investigations in this area involves the lack of psychometrically valid measures for assessing emotion dysregulation in individuals' daily lives. This study examined the factor structure and psychometric properties of momentary versions of the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (mDERS) and the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale-Positive (mDERS-P). METHODS Participants were 145 community women (M age = 40.66, 40.7% white) experiencing intimate partner violence and using substances who participated in a baseline interview and then completed surveys three times a day for 30 days. RESULTS Analyses supported the reliability of the mDERS and the mDERS-P. The two-state, two-trait model, with separate factors for negative and positive emotion dysregulation at both the within-and between-levels, fit the data best. Momentary negative, but not positive, emotions were positively related to the mDERS; both momentary negative and positive emotions were positively related to the mDERS-P. Baseline trait negative, but not positive, emotion dysregulation, was related to greater variability in momentary negative and positive emotion dysregulation. CONCLUSION Findings advance our understanding and measurement of emotion dysregulation using intensive longitudinal approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole H Weiss
- Department of Psychology, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA
| | - Katherine L Dixon-Gordon
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Univeristy of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Leslie A Brick
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Silvi C Goldstein
- Department of Psychology, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | | | - Holly Laws
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Univeristy of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Reina Kiefer
- Department of Psychology, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA
| | | | - Tami P Sullivan
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
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Granero R, Krug I, Reivan Ortiz GG. Editorial: The role of emotion regulation on the developmental course of eating disorders, obesity and food addiction. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1436479. [PMID: 38915846 PMCID: PMC11194414 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1436479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Roser Granero
- Department of Psychobiology and Methodology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Isabel Krug
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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Li SS, Kalan RE, Smith A, Mason TB, Smith KE. Momentary mechanisms of binge-eating symptoms using ecological momentary assessment: The moderating role of food addiction. EUROPEAN EATING DISORDERS REVIEW 2024. [PMID: 38857200 DOI: 10.1002/erv.3116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Food addiction (FA) shows phenotypic and diagnostic overlap with eating disorders characterised by binge eating, though it is unknown how momentary processes driving binge-eating symptoms differ by FA. The present study examined the possible moderating influence of FA severity on momentary mechanisms underlying binge-eating symptomatology using ecological momentary assessment (EMA). METHOD Adults (N = 49, mean age = 34.9 ± 12.1, cis-gender female = 77.1%) who met criteria for FA and/or binge-eating disorder completed baseline measures including the Yale Food Addiction Scale (YFAS) followed by a 10-day EMA protocol. Generalised linear mixed models assessed main effects of YFAS, momentary antecedents (affect, impulsivity, food cue exposure, appetite, and eating expectancies) and two-way interactions between YFAS and within-person antecedents. RESULTS FA severity moderated momentary associations between food cue exposure and subsequent binge-eating symptoms: the association was stronger among participants with lower but not higher YFAS scores. No other interactions were significant. CONCLUSIONS Some functional associations underlying binge-eating symptoms vary based on individuals' level of FA symptoms. Future research to further understand how observed associations may differ amongst diverse populations and over course of illness may also inform future prevention and interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirley S Li
- Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Rachel E Kalan
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Alexandro Smith
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Tyler B Mason
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Kathryn E Smith
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
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Chang YC, Rubey RL, Ladd BO. Brief emotion regulation strategies to reduce alcohol craving: Mediating role of state difficulties in emotion regulation. Behav Res Ther 2024; 177:104527. [PMID: 38581778 DOI: 10.1016/j.brat.2024.104527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study experimentally compared the effects of emotion regulation (ER) strategies on alcohol craving and examined the mediating effect of state difficulties in emotion regulation (S-DER) on the relationship between negative/positive emotion and alcohol craving. METHOD 417 participants (76.74% women, Mage = 20.76 years) endorsing past-month heavy/binge drinking were randomly assigned to one of four ER conditions (positive reappraisal, distancing, distraction, and acceptance). Participants completed state assessments, including negative/positive emotion, S-DER, and alcohol craving, prior to (T0) and after (T1) engaging in a negative emotion induction task. Subsequently, participants completed an ER strategy task based on their assigned ER strategy condition and completed a third state assessment (T2). RESULTS Time had a significant quadratic effect on alcohol craving, such that craving increased from T0 to T1 and decreased from T1 to T2. There was no significant effect of ER strategy condition on craving. Change in S-DER mediated the relationship between the change in negative/positive emotion and the change in craving, with emotional modulation and emotional acceptance facets of S-DER dominating the mediating effect during negative emotion induction and ER strategy induction, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Results suggest interventions targeting S-DER's emotional modulation and acceptance facets could reduce acute craving when experiencing undesired emotions.
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Flack M, Burton WH, Caudwell KM. I rely on a little help from my friends: the effect of interpersonal and intrapersonal emotion regulation on the relationship between FOMO and problematic internet use. BMC Psychiatry 2024; 24:384. [PMID: 38783275 PMCID: PMC11119391 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-024-05834-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study investigated the role of emotion regulation in relation to the links between fear of missing out (i.e., FOMO) and two components of problematic internet use: problematic social media use and doomscrolling. METHODS Participants (N = 603, Mage = 30.41, SDage = 7.64; 49.1% male-identifying) completed measures of fear of missing out, intrapersonal and interpersonal emotion regulation, and problematic social media use, and doomscrolling. A parallel mediation model was tested to examine the nature of the associations between fear of missing out, intrapersonal, and interpersonal emotion regulation, in accounting for variance in the outcome measures. RESULTS Analyses revealed that the effect of fear of missing out on problematic social media use was fully mediated by both intrapersonal and interpersonal emotion regulation. In contrast, the effect on doomscrolling was fully mediated by intrapersonal emotion regulation only. CONCLUSIONS Findings clarify the role of emotion regulation in explaining the relationship between fear of missing out and two types of problematic internet use, indicating a need to consider individual differences in emotion regulation in an evolving social media landscape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mal Flack
- Researchers in Behavioural Addictions, Alcohol and Drugs, Charles Darwin University, Ellengowan Drive, Brinkin, NT, Australia
- Discipline of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Charles Darwin University, Ellengowan Drive, Brinkin, NT, Australia
| | - William H Burton
- Discipline of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Charles Darwin University, Ellengowan Drive, Brinkin, NT, Australia
| | - Kim M Caudwell
- Researchers in Behavioural Addictions, Alcohol and Drugs, Charles Darwin University, Ellengowan Drive, Brinkin, NT, Australia.
- Discipline of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Charles Darwin University, Ellengowan Drive, Brinkin, NT, Australia.
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Jessup SC, Adamis AM, Rast CE, Cox RC, Olatunji BO. Unique and interactive effects of emotion regulation difficulties and perceived stress on COVID-19 traumatic stress, anxiety, and safety behavior use: A four-year prospective study. Behav Res Ther 2024; 176:104503. [PMID: 38518395 DOI: 10.1016/j.brat.2024.104503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Given that emotion regulation difficulties confer risk for poor responses to stress, they may predict who is at risk for adverse psychological reactions to major, chronic stressors such as the COVID-19 pandemic. Specific adverse reactions to the pandemic may include more severe traumatic stress, anxiety, and excessive safety behavior use (i.e., hand washing). While emotion regulation difficulties may be a diathesis for adverse reactions to chronic stressors, the context(s) by which they may confer elevated risk is unclear. Accordingly, the present longitudinal study examined the interaction between pre-pandemic emotion regulation difficulties and early pandemic perceived stress in predicting subsequent COVID-related traumatic stress, anxiety, and safety behavior use over 32 weeks of the pandemic. Community adults (N = 145) who completed a measure of emotion regulation in 2016 as part of a larger study were recontacted at the start of the pandemic (March 2020) and assessed every two weeks for 32 weeks. Consistent with a diathesis-stress model, the interaction between difficulties in emotion regulation and perceived stress was significant in predicting COVID-19 anxiety (p = 0.003, d = 0.52) such that at high, but not low, levels of perceived stress, difficulties in emotion regulation in 2016 significantly predicted higher COVID-19 anxiety in 2020. The interaction between difficulties in emotion regulation in 2016 and perceived stress early in 2020 approached significance in predicting COVID-19 traumatic stress (p = 0.073, d = 0.31) and safety behavior use (p = 0.069, d = 0.31). These findings highlight that current perceived stress is an important context that potentiates the effects of preexisting emotion regulation difficulties on the emergence of anxiety-related symptoms during COVID-19, which has important implications for diathesis-stress models of adverse reactions to chronic stressors.
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10
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Kaliush PR, Butner JE, Williams PG, Conradt E, Crowell SE. Dynamic Associations Among Sleep, Emotion Dysregulation, and Desire to Live in a Perinatal Sample. Psychosom Med 2024; 86:272-282. [PMID: 38451838 PMCID: PMC11081831 DOI: 10.1097/psy.0000000000001297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The present study prospectively examined dynamic associations among sleep, emotion dysregulation, and desire to live during the perinatal transition, as it was theorized that these factors may contribute to the emergence of postpartum suicide risk. METHOD Ninety-four women ( Mage = 29.2 years; 23.4% Latina) wore wrist actigraphs and completed twice daily surveys for 7 days during the third trimester of pregnancy, 6 weeks postpartum, and 4 months postpartum. Multilevel, change-as-outcome models were built to examine changes in attractor dynamics among sleep, emotion dysregulation, and desire to live, as well as if sleep-emotion dysregulation dynamics differed based on participants' desires to live. RESULTS From pregnancy to 6 weeks postpartum, emotion dysregulation ( B = -0.09, p = .032) and desire to live ( B = -0.16, p < .001) exhibited more stable temporal patterns around higher emotion dysregulation and lower desire to live. Compared to women who reported consistently high desires to live, those who experienced fluctuations in their desires to live exhibited lower, more stable sleep efficiency during pregnancy ( B = -0.90, p < .001). At 4 months postpartum, those with fluctuating desires to live exhibited a coupling dynamic whereby low sleep efficiency predicted increases in emotion dysregulation ( B = -0.16, p = .020). CONCLUSIONS This study was the first to examine nonlinear dynamics among risk factors for postpartum suicide, which may be evident as early as pregnancy and 6 weeks postpartum. Sleep health, in particular, warrants further exploration as a key susceptibility factor in the emergence of postpartum suicide risk. PREREGISTRATION Open Science Framework ( https://osf.io/qxb75/?view_only=799ffe5c048842dfb89d3ddfebaa420d ).
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Miller RL, Shomaker LB, Prince MA, Haddock S, Rzonca A, Krause JT, Zimmerman T, Lavender JM, Sibinga E, Lucas-Thompson RG. Momentary effects of life stressors on mindfulness and emotion regulation difficulties among adolescents exposed to chronic stressors. Stress Health 2024:e3414. [PMID: 38685855 DOI: 10.1002/smi.3414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Adolescents faced with chronic stressors (e.g., financial instability, interpersonal violence) are at heightened risk for developing mental health problems, likely due in part to stressors that interfere with effective emotion regulation. Although mindfulness may help to act as a buffer against the deleterious effects of life stressors, a relatively untested assumption is that adolescents can maintain mindfulness during periods of stress. This paper explores this assumption by investigating the real-time, dynamic relationships among life stressors, mindfulness, and emotion regulation difficulties among adolescents exposed to chronic stressors. Eighty-one participants who were 10-18 years old (M = 14.33; SD = 2.20; 56% male; 57% Non-Hispanic White) completed ecological momentary assessments (EMA) three times a day for 7 days and contributed a total of 1186 EMA reports. Multilevel structural equation modelling revealed that the presence (vs. absence) of stressors was associated with lower momentary mindfulness and greater momentary emotion regulation difficulties concurrently and prospectively. Stressors with greater severity were also concurrently, but not prospectively, associated with lower momentary mindfulness and greater momentary emotion regulation difficulties. Findings highlight that exposure to life stressors may degrade momentary mindfulness and emotion regulation. Given that mindfulness and emotion regulation are closely associated with mental health, these results also demonstrate one way that stressors may contribute to health disparities at the micro-level. Going forward, it will be important to investigate methods of helping adolescents learn to maintain mindfulness and adaptive emotion regulation in the face of stressful events. This study was preregistered (NCT04927286).
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Affiliation(s)
- Reagan L Miller
- Department of Psychology, College of Natural Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Lauren B Shomaker
- Department of Human Development & Family Studies, College of Health & Human Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Mark A Prince
- Department of Psychology, College of Natural Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Shelley Haddock
- Department of Human Development & Family Studies, College of Health & Human Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Addie Rzonca
- Department of Human Development & Family Studies, College of Health & Human Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Jill T Krause
- Department of Human Development & Family Studies, College of Health & Human Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Toni Zimmerman
- Department of Human Development & Family Studies, College of Health & Human Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Jason M Lavender
- Military Cardiovascular Outcomes Research Program (MiCOR), Department of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- The Metis Foundation, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Erica Sibinga
- Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Rachel G Lucas-Thompson
- Department of Human Development & Family Studies, College of Health & Human Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
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Restoy D, Oriol-Escudé M, Alonzo-Castillo T, Magán-Maganto M, Canal-Bedia R, Díez-Villoria E, Gisbert-Gustemps L, Setién-Ramos I, Martínez-Ramírez M, Ramos-Quiroga JA, Lugo-Marín J. Emotion regulation and emotion dysregulation in children and adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A meta-analysis of evaluation and intervention studies. Clin Psychol Rev 2024; 109:102410. [PMID: 38401510 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpr.2024.102410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
Children and adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) often experience challenges in emotion regulation (ER) and emotion dysregulation (ED) which can interfere with their adaptive functioning. This study aimed to systematically review and meta-analyze the evidence on ER/ED in children and/or adolescents with ASD, examining its relationship with the following variables: internalizing and externalizing symptoms, cognitive function and social skills, and the effectiveness of non-pharmacological interventions addressing ER difficulties. Both electronic and manual searches were conducted to identify potential studies. Fifty-five studies were included in the meta-analysis. A statistically significant between-group difference was found, suggesting greater ER/ED challenges in the ASD group. Also, the ASD group showed more maladaptive ER strategies and fewer adaptive ER strategies compared to the non-ASD participants. Additionally, more severe ASD and poorer social skills were associated with greater ED and poorer ER skills, respectivelly. Furthermore, there was a significant correlation between internalizing symptomatology and both adaptive and maladaptive ER strategies. Studies of non-pharmacological interventions showed significant improvement in both ER and ED. These results imply that assessing ER/ED in children and adolescents with ASD should be part of the evaluation process, and it should also be a focal point for intervention in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damián Restoy
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | | | - Teresa Alonzo-Castillo
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - María Magán-Maganto
- Centro de Atención Integral al Autismo-InFoAutismo. INICO-Instituto Universitario de Integración en la Comunidad, University of Salamanca. Salamanca, Spain
| | - Ricardo Canal-Bedia
- Centro de Atención Integral al Autismo-InFoAutismo. INICO-Instituto Universitario de Integración en la Comunidad, University of Salamanca. Salamanca, Spain
| | - Emiliano Díez-Villoria
- Centro de Atención Integral al Autismo-InFoAutismo. INICO-Instituto Universitario de Integración en la Comunidad, University of Salamanca. Salamanca, Spain
| | - Laura Gisbert-Gustemps
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Biomedical Network Research Centre on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain; Department of Psychiatry and Legal Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Imanol Setién-Ramos
- Psychiatric Genetics Unit, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - María Martínez-Ramírez
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Josep Antoni Ramos-Quiroga
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Biomedical Network Research Centre on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain; Department of Psychiatry and Legal Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Psychiatric Genetics Unit, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Jorge Lugo-Marín
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Centro de Atención Integral al Autismo-InFoAutismo. INICO-Instituto Universitario de Integración en la Comunidad, University of Salamanca. Salamanca, Spain; Biomedical Network Research Centre on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain; Department of Psychiatry and Legal Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
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13
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Oliva V, De Prisco M, Fico G, Possidente C, Fortea L, Montejo L, Anmella G, Hidalgo-Mazzei D, Grande I, Murru A, Fornaro M, de Bartolomeis A, Dodd A, Fanelli G, Fabbri C, Serretti A, Vieta E, Radua J. Correlation between emotion dysregulation and mood symptoms of bipolar disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2023; 148:472-490. [PMID: 37740499 DOI: 10.1111/acps.13618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emotion dysregulation (ED) is a transdiagnostic construct characterized by difficulties regulating intense emotions. People with bipolar disorder (BD) are more likely to show ED and use maladaptive emotion regulation strategies than adaptive ones. However, little is known about whether ED in BD is a trait or it is rather an epiphenomenon of mood symptoms. METHODS We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of the evidence across major literature databases reporting correlations between measures of emotion regulation (overall ED and different emotion regulation strategies) and measures of depressive and (hypo)manic symptoms in BD from inception until April 12th, 2022. RESULTS Fourteen studies involving 1371 individuals with BD were included in the qualitative synthesis, of which 11 reported quantitative information and were included in the meta-analysis. ED and maladaptive strategies were significantly higher during periods with more severe mood symptoms, especially depressive ones, while adaptive strategies were lower. CONCLUSION ED significantly correlates with BD symptomatology, and it mainly occurs during mood alterations. ED may be a target for specific psychotherapeutic and pharmacological treatments, according to precision psychiatry. However, further studies are needed, including patients with mood episodes and longitudinal design, to provide more robust evidence and explore the causal direction of the associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Oliva
- Departament de Medicina, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
- Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit, Hospìtal Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Michele De Prisco
- Departament de Medicina, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
- Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit, Hospìtal Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Giovanna Fico
- Departament de Medicina, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
- Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit, Hospìtal Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Chiara Possidente
- Departament de Medicina, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
- Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit, Hospìtal Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Lydia Fortea
- Departament de Medicina, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
- Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit, Hospìtal Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Montejo
- Departament de Medicina, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
- Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit, Hospìtal Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gerard Anmella
- Departament de Medicina, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
- Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit, Hospìtal Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Diego Hidalgo-Mazzei
- Departament de Medicina, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
- Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit, Hospìtal Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Iria Grande
- Departament de Medicina, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
- Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit, Hospìtal Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Andrea Murru
- Departament de Medicina, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
- Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit, Hospìtal Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Michele Fornaro
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Science and Odontostomatology, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Andrea de Bartolomeis
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Science and Odontostomatology, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Alyson Dodd
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Health & Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
| | - Giuseppe Fanelli
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Chiara Fabbri
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Social, Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Alessandro Serretti
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Eduard Vieta
- Departament de Medicina, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
- Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit, Hospìtal Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Joaquim Radua
- Departament de Medicina, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
- Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit, Hospìtal Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatric Research and Education, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
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Diez GG, Martin-Subero I, Zangri RM, Kulis M, Andreu C, Blanco I, Roca P, Cuesta P, García C, Garzón J, Herradón C, Riutort M, Baliyan S, Venero C, Vázquez C. Epigenetic, psychological, and EEG changes after a 1-week retreat based on mindfulness and compassion for stress reduction in healthy adults: Study protocol of a cross-over randomized controlled trial. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0283169. [PMID: 37976257 PMCID: PMC10656013 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0283169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The main objective of the study will be to evaluate the effects of two widely used standardized mindfulness-based programs [Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) and Compassion Cultivation Training (CCT)], on epigenetic, neurobiological, psychological, and physiological variables. METHODS The programs will be offered in an intensive retreat format in a general population sample of healthy volunteer adults. During a 7-day retreat, participants will receive MBSR and CCT in a crossover design where participants complete both programs in random order. After finishing their first 3-day training with one of the two programs, participants will be assigned to the second 3-day training with the second program. The effects of the MBSR and CCT programs, and their combination, will be measured by epigenetic changes (i.e., DNA methylation biomarkers), neurobiological and psychophysiological measures (i.e., EEG resting state, EKG, respiration patterns, and diurnal cortisol slopes), self-report questionnaires belonging to different psychological domains (i.e., mindfulness, compassion, well-being, distress, and general functioning), and stress tasks (i.e., an Arithmetic Stress Test and the retrieval of negative autobiographical memories). These measures will be collected from both groups on the mornings of day 1 (pre-program), day 4 (after finishing the first program and before beginning the second program), and day 7 (post-second program). We will conduct a 3-month and a 12-month follow-up using only the set of self-report measures. DISCUSSION This study aims to shed light on the neurobiological and psychological mechanisms linked to meditation and compassion in the general population. The protocol was registered at clinicaltrials.gov (Identifier: NCT05516355; August 23, 2022).
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo G. Diez
- Nirakara/Lab, Madrid, Spain
- Ph.D. Program in Neuroscience, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Rosaria M. Zangri
- School of Psychology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Catherine Andreu
- Polibienestar Institute, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Ivan Blanco
- School of Psychology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo Roca
- Nirakara/Lab, Madrid, Spain
- School of Psychology, Villanueva University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo Cuesta
- School of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carola García
- Nirakara/Lab, Madrid, Spain
- Mindfulness Vivendi, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Shishir Baliyan
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, UNED, Madrid, Spain
| | - César Venero
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, UNED, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmelo Vázquez
- Nirakara/Lab, Madrid, Spain
- School of Psychology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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15
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Yule AM, Fernandes CSF, Stormshak EA, Yang Y, Shelley L, Fiellin LE, Larkin K, Ridenour TA, Saavedra LM, Kelleher K, Feng X, Walton MA, Bonar EE. Multidisciplinary Strategies for Preventing Opioid Misuse and Escalation by Targeting Mental Health Symptoms and Conditions. PREVENTION SCIENCE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR PREVENTION RESEARCH 2023; 24:77-87. [PMID: 37266870 PMCID: PMC10236392 DOI: 10.1007/s11121-023-01556-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We aim to review the association between childhood-onset mental health conditions and increased risk for early substance use including opioid misuse and opioid use disorders (OUD). The association between mental health conditions and opioid misuse suggests youth with mental health conditions may benefit from opioid prevention efforts that concurrently address mental health. To aid in the identification of youth with mental health conditions who could benefit from interventions, we will review opportunities and challenges associated with screening for mental health symptoms or substance use in settings where youth at high risk for mental health conditions present. We will also review how research projects within the National Institutes of Health's Helping to End Addiction Long-term (HEAL) Prevention Cooperative are addressing mental health within opioid misuse and OUD prevention interventions for youth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy M Yule
- Boston University School of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, 801 Massachusetts Avenue, Suite 400, Boston, MA, 02118, USA.
| | | | | | - Yang Yang
- Institute of Behavioral Research, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, TX, USA
| | - Lillyan Shelley
- Institute of Behavioral Research, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, TX, USA
| | - Lynn E Fiellin
- Yale Center for Health and Learning Games, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Kaitlin Larkin
- Yale Center for Health and Learning Games, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Ty A Ridenour
- RTI International, Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - Kelly Kelleher
- Center for Innovation in Pediatric Practice, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Xin Feng
- Center for Innovation in Pediatric Practice, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Maureen A Walton
- Department of Psychiatry, Addiction Center, and Injury Prevention Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Erin E Bonar
- Department of Psychiatry, Addiction Center, and Injury Prevention Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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16
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Pendergrass Boomer TM, Hoerner LA, Fernandes CSF, Maslar A, Aiudi S, Kyriakides TC, Fiellin LE. A digital health game to prevent opioid misuse and promote mental health in adolescents in school-based health settings: Protocol for the PlaySmart game randomized controlled trial. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0291298. [PMID: 37683047 PMCID: PMC10490848 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0291298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Adolescents who engage in non-opioid substance misuse and/or experience mental health symptoms are at greater risk of misusing opioids and/or developing opioid use disorder. Adolescence is a critical developmental period to both prevent the initiation of opioid misuse and target mental health. To date, there are no digital health games targeting both conditions. We describe the protocol for a randomized controlled trial designed to assess the efficacy of an original digital health game, PlaySmart. Five hundred and thirty-two adolescents aged 16-19 years old, who are at greater risk for initiating opioid misuse are recruited from 10 Connecticut school-based health sites. Participants are randomized to PlaySmart or a set of time/attention control videogames. Randomization was stratified by sex at birth and school grade. Participants play their assigned game or games for up to six weeks (300 minutes) and complete assessment questions over a 12-month period (baseline, post-gameplay, 3, 6, and 12 months). The primary outcome is perception of risk of harm of opioid misuse at 3 months. Secondary outcome measures specific to opioid misuse include intentions, self-efficacy, attitudes, knowledge, and perceived norms. Mental health outcomes include measures of depression (Patient Health Questionnaire-8), anxiety (Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7), help-seeking behaviors, stigma, measures of self-regulation, self-efficacy to seek professional help for mental health, and knowledge around coping skills. PlaySmart has the potential to significantly reduce the risk of initiation of opioid misuse, improve mental health outcomes, and given its high levels of engagement and accessibility, holds the promise for extensive reach, scale, and impact for adolescents. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04941950. Registered on 23 June 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyra M. Pendergrass Boomer
- play2PREVENT Lab at the Yale Center for Health & Learning Games, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States of America
| | - Lily A. Hoerner
- play2PREVENT Lab at the Yale Center for Health & Learning Games, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States of America
| | - Claudia-Santi F. Fernandes
- play2PREVENT Lab at the Yale Center for Health & Learning Games, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States of America
- Yale Child Study Center, New Haven, CT, United States of America
- Department of Biomedical Informatics and Data Science, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States of America
| | - Amber Maslar
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Sherry Aiudi
- Yale Center for Analytical Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, United States of America
| | - Tassos C. Kyriakides
- Yale Center for Analytical Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, United States of America
| | - Lynn E. Fiellin
- play2PREVENT Lab at the Yale Center for Health & Learning Games, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States of America
- Yale Child Study Center, New Haven, CT, United States of America
- Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, United States of America
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17
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Forester G, Schaefer LM, Dodd DR, Burr EK, Bartholomay J, Berner L, Crosby RD, Peterson CB, Crow SJ, Engel SG, Wonderlich SA. Time-of-day and day-of-week patterns of binge eating and relevant psychological vulnerabilities in binge-eating disorder. Int J Eat Disord 2023; 56:1694-1702. [PMID: 37212510 PMCID: PMC10600945 DOI: 10.1002/eat.23995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The present study sought to characterize the temporal patterns of binge eating and theorized maintenance factors among individuals with binge-eating disorder (BED). METHOD Ecological momentary assessment of 112 individuals and mixed-effects models were used to characterize the within- and between-day temporal patterns of eating behaviors (binge eating, loss of control only eating, and overeating only), positive and negative affect, emotion regulation difficulty, and food craving. RESULTS Risk for binge eating and overeating only was highest around 5:30 p.m., with additional binge-eating peaks around 12:30 and 11:00 p.m. In contrast, loss of control eating without overeating was more likely to occur before 2:00 p.m. Risk for binge eating, loss of control only eating, and overeating only did not vary across days in the week. There was no consistent pattern of change in negative affect throughout the day, but it decreased slightly on the weekend. Positive affect showed a decrease in the evenings and a smaller decrease on the weekend. The within-day patterns of food craving, and to some extent emotion regulation difficulty, resembled the pattern of binge eating, with peaks around meal times and at the end of the night. DISCUSSION Individuals with BED appear most susceptible to binge-eating around dinner time, with heightened risk also observed around lunch time and late evening, though the effects were generally small. These patterns appear to most strongly mimic fluctuations in craving and emotion dysregulation, although future research is needed to test the temporal relationships between these experiences directly. PUBLIC SIGNIFICANCE It is unknown which times of the day and days of the week individuals with binge-eating disorder are most at risk for binge eating. By assessing binge-eating behaviors in the natural environment across the week, we found that individuals are most likely to binge in the evening, which corresponds to the times when they experience the strongest food craving and difficulty with regulating emotions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lauren M. Schaefer
- Center for Biobehavioral Research, Sanford Research
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences
| | | | - Emily K. Burr
- Center for Biobehavioral Research, Sanford Research
- Department of Psychology, University of Central Florida
| | | | - Laura Berner
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
| | - Ross D. Crosby
- Center for Biobehavioral Research, Sanford Research
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences
| | - Carol B. Peterson
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota Medical School
| | - Scott J. Crow
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota Medical School
| | - Scott G. Engel
- Center for Biobehavioral Research, Sanford Research
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences
| | - Stephen A. Wonderlich
- Center for Biobehavioral Research, Sanford Research
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences
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18
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Hammett JF, Chen W, Stappenbeck CA, Davis KC. Preliminary Efficacy of a Cognitive Restructuring Intervention for Intimate Partner Aggression: Emotional Clarity as a Mechanism of Change. JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE 2023; 38:7037-7046. [PMID: 36472360 PMCID: PMC10060061 DOI: 10.1177/08862605221140054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Despite the fact that intimate partner aggression (IPA) is a widespread public health problem, empirically supported interventions for IPA are limited. Furthermore, existing interventions tend to be resource-intensive and may not adequately address the risk factors that serve to maintain IPA, resulting in challenges to intervention dissemination and implementation. Based on theoretical and empirical findings linking emotional clarity and IPA, this study represents a secondary data analysis to evaluate the preliminary efficacy of a brief web-based cognitive restructuring (CR) intervention to reduce psychological and physical IPA perpetration intentions by increasing emotional clarity skills. In all, 137 men were randomized into a CR intervention versus control condition and subsequently completed an aggression analog scenario. Results of structural equation modeling analyses showed a significant indirect effect of the intervention on psychological IPA intentions via increased emotional clarity. Specifically, men in the CR intervention condition evidenced greater emotional clarity as compared to men in the control condition, which, in turn, was related to lower intentions to perpetrate psychological IPA. The indirect effect from the CR intervention to physical IPA intentions via emotional clarity was not statistically significant. These findings provide promising initial support for the usefulness of the current CR intervention in reducing psychological IPA. Next steps in this line of research include expansion to a randomized controlled trial that tests intervention effects on real-world IPA perpetration across more diverse samples. Importantly, our findings highlight that CR skills can be delivered via a brief web-based intervention, which decreases potential barriers to dissemination and implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia F. Hammett
- Edson College of Nursing and Health Innovation, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ
| | - Weiqi Chen
- Edson College of Nursing and Health Innovation, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ
| | | | - Kelly Cue Davis
- Edson College of Nursing and Health Innovation, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ
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Laghaei M, Mehrabizadeh Honarmand M, Jobson L, Abdollahpour Ranjbar H, Habibi Asgarabad M. Pathways from childhood trauma to suicidal ideation: mediating through difficulties in emotion regulation and depressive symptoms. BMC Psychiatry 2023; 23:295. [PMID: 37118697 PMCID: PMC10148382 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-04699-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/30/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Suicidal ideation is a clinical exigency heightening the risk of suicide at different levels of suicidal behavior. This study sought to explore crucial correlates of this phenomenon with a structural equation modeling approach. Accordingly, the mediating role of depressive symptoms and difficulties in emotion regulation between childhood trauma and suicidal ideation were explored. METHOD The sample consisted of 372 university students (57.3% females, M = 20.75, SD = 2.25) who completed self-report measures examining experiences of childhood trauma, depressive symptoms, difficulties in emotion regulation, and suicidal ideation. Structural equation modeling was employed, and mediation analysis was conducted. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to test the measurement model of each construct before evaluating the conceptual mediated model. RESULTS Findings indicate that depressive symptoms with difficulties in emotion regulation had the strongest association (r = 0.60, P = 0.001), then depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation (r = 0.58, P = 0.001), suicidal ideation with difficulties in emotion regulation (r = 0.45, P = 0.001) then suicidal ideation with childhood trauma (r = 0.39, P = 0.001), difficulties in emotion regulation with childhood trauma (r = 0.36 P = 0.001) and finally depressive symptoms and childhood trauma (r = 0.35, P = 0.001). Regarding indirect paths, difficulties in emotion regulation and depression function together (in a sequential path) to mediate the association between childhood trauma and suicidal ideation ( χ2(68) = 216.86, P < 0.01, CFI = 0.95, TLI = 0.93, RMSE = 0.077, CI [0.066 to 0.089], SRMR = 0.049). CONCLUSION Results demonstrate that childhood trauma, depressive symptoms, and difficulties in emotion regulation are linked to suicidal ideation, highlighting the necessity of recognizing and addressing suicidal ideation as well as the factors that contribute to suicidal ideation. Emotion regulation interventions can be effective in reducing the negative effects of childhood trauma and lowering the risk of suicide. These interventions can help in reducing depressive symptoms and improve overall mental well-being, leading to a lower risk of suicide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marziyeh Laghaei
- Department of Psychology, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | | | - Laura Jobson
- School of Psychological Sciences and Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - Mojtaba Habibi Asgarabad
- Health Promotion Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Psychology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Dragvoll, 7491, Trondheim, Norway.
- Department of Health Psychology, School of Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health (Tehran Institute of Psychiatry), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Positive Youth Development Lab, Human Development & Family Sciences, Texas Tech University, Texas, USA.
- Center of Excellence in Cognitive Neuropsychology, Institute for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.
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20
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Emotion dysregulation and belief in conspiracy theories. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2022.112042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Neilson EC, Gulati NK, Stappenbeck CA, George WH, Davis KC. Emotion Regulation and Intimate Partner Violence Perpetration in Undergraduate Samples: A Review of the Literature. TRAUMA, VIOLENCE & ABUSE 2023; 24:576-596. [PMID: 34551642 PMCID: PMC8938307 DOI: 10.1177/15248380211036063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Intimate partner violence (IPV) perpetration increases throughout young adulthood and is particularly widespread among college students, resulting in mental health and academic consequences. Deficits in emotion regulation (ER) are an important factor associated with IPV perpetration; the developmental tasks and challenges associated with college, including relationship stressors and hazardous alcohol use, implicate ER as a particularly relevant risk factor for IPV perpetration. Thus, college presents an important opportunity for intervention in order to change the trajectories of IPV perpetration across young adulthood. The purpose of this review was to synthesize findings regarding ER and psychological, physical, and sexual IPV perpetration among college students. Twenty-one articles met inclusion criteria. Studies were organized into five categories: (a) direct associations of ER with IPV perpetration, (b) qualitative assessment of ER and IPV, (c) ER in indirect effects models, (d) ER in moderation models, and (e) experiments with ER instructional sets. Overall, ER emerged as an important inhibiting factor for IPV perpetration, particularly impulse control and access to ER strategies. ER deficits in the context of impelling (e.g., negative affect, trauma history) and instigating (e.g., provocation) factors emerged as consistent predictors of psychological and physical IPV perpetration for both male and female students. Deficits in ER were associated with sexual IPV perpetration among men; however, very few studies examined sexual IPV. Experimental paradigms suggest cognitive reappraisal may reduce IPV perpetration, while suppression may, in some contexts, increase perpetration. Methodological strengths and weaknesses and implications for IPV prevention and interventions programming for college students are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Natasha K. Gulati
- University of Washington, Department of Psychology, Seattle, WA 98195
| | | | - William H. George
- University of Washington, Department of Psychology, Seattle, WA 98195
| | - Kelly Cue Davis
- Arizona State University, Edson College of Nursing and Health Innovation, Phoenix, AZ 85004
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22
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Nooripour R, Ghanbari N, Mozaffari N, Ghahari S, Hosseini SR. The Persian Version of the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS-18): Psychometric Properties and Its Role in Predicting Aggression in Iranian Adolescents. PSYCHOLOGICAL STUDIES 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s12646-023-00713-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
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23
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Reid MJ, Omlin X, Espie CA, Sharman R, Tamm S, Kyle SD. The effect of sleep continuity disruption on multimodal emotion processing and regulation: a laboratory-based, randomised, controlled experiment in good sleepers. J Sleep Res 2023; 32:e13634. [PMID: 35578403 DOI: 10.1111/jsr.13634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Previous research shows that experimental sleep deprivation alters emotion processing, suggesting a potential mechanism linking sleep disruption to mental ill-health. Extending previous work, we experimentally disrupted sleep continuity in good sleepers and assessed next-day emotion processing and regulation using tasks with established sensitivity to depression. In a laboratory-based study, 51 good sleepers (37 female; mean [SD] age 24 [3.63] years), were randomised to 1 night of uninterrupted sleep (n = 24) or sleep continuity disruption (n = 27). We assessed emotion perception, attention, and memory the following day. Participants also completed an emotion regulation task and measures of self-reported affect, anxiety, sleepiness, overnight declarative memory consolidation, and psychomotor vigilance. Confirming the effects of the manipulation, sleep continuity disruption led to a marked decrease in polysomnography-defined total sleep time (229.98 versus 434.57 min), increased wake-time after sleep onset (260.66 versus 23.84 min), and increased sleepiness (d = 0.81). Sleep continuity disruption led to increased anxiety (d = 0.68), decreased positive affect (d = -0.62), reduced overnight declarative memory consolidation (d = -1.08), and reduced psychomotor vigilance (longer reaction times [d = 0.64] and more lapses [d = 0.74]), relative to control. However, contrary to our hypotheses, experimental sleep disruption had no effect on perception of, or bias for, emotional facial expressions, emotional memory for words, or emotion regulation following worry induction. In conclusion, 1 night of sleep continuity disruption had no appreciable effect on objective measures of emotion processing or emotion regulation in response to worry induction, despite clear effects on memory consolidation, vigilance, and self-reported affect and anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Reid
- Sleep and Circadian Neuroscience Institute, The University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Ximena Omlin
- Sleep and Circadian Neuroscience Institute, The University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Colin A Espie
- Sleep and Circadian Neuroscience Institute, The University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Rachel Sharman
- Sleep and Circadian Neuroscience Institute, The University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Sandra Tamm
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Simon D Kyle
- Sleep and Circadian Neuroscience Institute, The University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Bambrah V, Wyman A, Eastwood JD. A longitudinal approach to understanding boredom during pandemics: The predictive roles of trauma and emotion dysregulation. Front Psychol 2023; 13:1050073. [PMID: 36710786 PMCID: PMC9880451 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1050073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Research during the COVID-19 pandemic and prior outbreaks suggest that boredom is linked to poor compliance with critical lifesaving social distancing and quarantine guidelines, as well as to numerous mental health difficulties. As such, continued understanding on what contributes to boredom is imperative. Extending beyond the roles of constraint, monotony, and trait dispositions (e.g., individual differences in boredom propensity), and informed by prior theories on the emotional contributors of boredom, the current longitudinal study examined the predictive role of "pandemic trauma" on people's boredom, with a focus on how emotion dysregulation mediates this relationship. Community participants (N = 345) completed questionnaires three times across an average of 3 1/2 weeks, rating their pandemic trauma, emotion dysregulation, and boredom over the past week each time. Pandemic trauma was assessed with items querying exposure to coronavirus, as well as the financial, resource-related, and interpersonal pandemic stressors that participants experienced. Emotion dysregulation was assessed with the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale. Boredom was assessed with the short-form Multidimensional State Boredom Scale. The results of a theory-informed mediation model showed that participants' pandemic trauma at Time 1 positively and modestly predicted their boredom at Time 3 and that this relationship was partially and moderately mediated by participants' lack of emotional clarity and difficulties with engaging in goal-directed behaviors at Time 2. When people experience pandemic-related trauma, they subsequently struggle to understand their feelings and engage in goal-oriented actions, and, in turn, feel more bored. Theoretical and clinical implications as related to the emotional underpinnings of boredom are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veerpal Bambrah
- Boredom Lab, Department of Psychology, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
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25
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Brockdorf AN, Gratz KL, Messman TL, DiLillo D. Trauma Symptoms and Deliberate Self-Harm Among Sexual Violence Survivors: Examining State Emotion Regulation and Reactivity as Dual Mechanisms. PSYCHOLOGY OF VIOLENCE 2023; 13:23-33. [PMID: 37284068 PMCID: PMC10241447 DOI: 10.1037/vio0000432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Objective Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms have been associated with elevated rates of deliberate self-harm, including among women who have experienced sexual violence (SV); however, processes underlying this association have not been widely examined. Because a common function of deliberate self-harm is to reduce negative internal states, SV survivors may use self-harm to cope with impairments in broader affective processes associated with PTSD symptoms. To test this hypothesis, the present study examined the role of two aspects of emotional responding (i.e., state emotional reactivity and emotion dysregulation) as mechanisms between greater PTSD symptoms and risk for future deliberate self-harm among SV survivors. Method Participants were 140 community women with a history of SV who completed two waves of data collection. At baseline, participants reported on their PTSD symptoms, as well as state emotional reactivity and state emotion dysregulation following a standardized laboratory stressor task (i.e., the Paced Auditory Serial Addition Task [PASAT-C]). Participants then completed a self-report measure of deliberate self-harm 4 months later. Results Results from a parallel mediation analysis indicated that greater state emotion dysregulation, but not state emotional reactivity, mediated prospective associations between more severe PTSD symptoms at baseline and greater risk for deliberate self-harm 4-months later. Conclusions Applied to the context of survivors' daily lives, these findings underscore the importance of deficits in emotion regulation during times of distress in predicting risk for later deliberate self-harm.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - David DiLillo
- Department of Psychology, University of Nebraska–Lincoln
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Pan L, Li J, Hu Z, Wu H. The Effect of COVID-19 Perceived Risk on Internet Addiction among College Students in China: An Empirical Study Based on the Structural Equation Model. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:13377. [PMID: 36293960 PMCID: PMC9603053 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192013377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This study focused on COVID-19 perceived risk and Internet addiction among Chinese college students during the lockdown. On the basis of the Social Cognitive Theory, this study proposed a mediating model to evaluate the mediating role of difficulties in regulating emotion between the COVID-19 perceived risk and Internet addiction. A questionnaire survey was conducted among 690 college students during the COVID-19 lockdown in China. The results showed that the COVID-19 perceived risk was significantly positively associated with Internet addiction (r = 0.236, p < 0.001) and difficulties in emotion regulation (r = 0.220, p < 0.001), difficulties in emotion regulation was significantly positively associated with Internet addiction (r = 0.368, p < 0.001). The COVID-19 perceived risk had a significant and positive predictive effect on Internet addiction (β = 0.233, p < 0.001) among Chinese college students. The analysis of the mediation model showed that difficulties in emotion regulation partially mediated the relationship between COVID-19 perceived risk and Internet addiction (indirect effect value was 0.051 with 95% Confidence Interval ranging from 0.027 to 0.085). The findings not only enhanced our understanding of the internal influence mechanism of COVID-19 perceived risk on Internet addiction but also provided a practical basis for college education works. Finally, discussions and suggestions were provided on the basis of the results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Pan
- School of Finance and Economics, Hainan Vocational University of Science and Technology, Haikou 571126, China
- Department of Education Management, Chinese International College, Dhurakij Pundit University, Bangkok 10210, Thailand
| | - Jun Li
- School of Finance and Economics, Hainan Vocational University of Science and Technology, Haikou 571126, China
- Department of Education Management, Chinese International College, Dhurakij Pundit University, Bangkok 10210, Thailand
| | - Ziao Hu
- School of Finance and Economics, Hainan Vocational University of Science and Technology, Haikou 571126, China
- Department of Education Management, Chinese International College, Dhurakij Pundit University, Bangkok 10210, Thailand
| | - Henan Wu
- School of Finance and Economics, Hainan Vocational University of Science and Technology, Haikou 571126, China
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Huang Y, Wang X. Reseach progress in dual harm. ZHONG NAN DA XUE XUE BAO. YI XUE BAN = JOURNAL OF CENTRAL SOUTH UNIVERSITY. MEDICAL SCIENCES 2022; 47:1267-1274. [PMID: 36411711 PMCID: PMC10930333 DOI: 10.11817/j.issn.1672-7347.2022.210653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Growing evidence supports an association between self-harm and aggression, and the two behaviors frequently co-occur. The co-occurrence of self-harm and aggression is termed as dual harm. Existing evidence reveals that rather than a simple co-occurrence of self-harm and aggression, dual-harm may be an independent behavior different from a sole harm behavior. Identification of characteristics and influencing factors for dual harm may help develop effective prevention strategies for the affected population. A review of the literature yields a high incidence of dual harm among the clinical and forensic populations. Individuals with dual harm engage in an earlier, more frequent, and a wider range of harmful behaviors, with the increased use of lethal methods. Common factors that affect dual harm include childhood adversities, emotional dysregulation, personality traits, mental disorders, and biological factors. A comprehensive theory to explain dual harm is still not available. Currently, two main theories for explaining mechanism of dual harm are the two-stage model of countervailing forces and the cognitive-emotional model. An in-depth exploration of characteristics, influencing factors, and theories for dual harm is of great importance for the prevention of dual harm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Huang
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders; Department of Psychiatry, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China.
| | - Xiaoping Wang
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders; Department of Psychiatry, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China.
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Unique Contributions of Maternal Prenatal and Postnatal Emotion Dysregulation on Infant Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia. Res Child Adolesc Psychopathol 2022; 50:1219-1232. [PMID: 35267154 PMCID: PMC10041879 DOI: 10.1007/s10802-022-00914-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Prenatal intrauterine exposures and postnatal caregiving environments may both shape the development of infant parasympathetic nervous system (PNS) activity. However, the relative contributions of prenatal and postnatal influences on infant respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA)-an index of PNS functioning-are relatively unknown. We examined whether prenatal and postnatal maternal emotion dysregulation, a transdiagnostic construct that spans mental health diagnoses, were independently related to infant RSA trajectories during a social stressor, the still-face paradigm. Our sample included 104 mothers and their 7-month-old infants. Maternal emotion dysregulation was measured with the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale during the 3rd trimester of pregnancy and again at a 7-month postpartum laboratory visit. Infant RSA was recorded during the still-face paradigm. Only postnatal maternal emotion dysregulation was associated with infant RSA. Specifically, high postnatal emotion dysregulation was associated with a blunted (i.e., dampened reactivity and recovery) infant RSA response profile. Infant sex did not moderate the associations between maternal emotion dysregulation and infant RSA. Findings suggest that postnatal interventions to promote effective maternal emotion regulation may reduce risk for infants' dysregulated psychophysiological stress responses.
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A Single-Case Series Trial of Emotion-Regulation and Relationship Safety Intervention for Youth Affected by Sexual Exploitation. PSYCH 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/psych4030037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Child sexual exploitation (CSE) is a significant global problem. Interventions implemented with youth affected by CSE frequently target singular adjacent issues (e.g., substance misuse or running away); however, research indicates these interventions are most efficacious when they simultaneously treat CSE sequelae (e.g., emotion dysregulation) paired with relationship skill-building; yet few such interventions exist. Furthermore, the evidence-based reports on CSE research currently lacks rigorous research methods, such as the use of validated measures and the provision of robust outcome data. The current study aimed to implement a combined emotion regulation and safe-relationships intervention (ERIC + YR: emotion regulation, impulse control and ‘your relationships’) in a community service providing outreach for young women affected by CSE. A randomised single-case series design was used to test the effects of ERIC + YR on emotion regulation strategies, psychological wellbeing, relationship safety knowledge and behaviours, across repeated measurements for young women affected by CSE (N = 2; Mage = 18.00). Phase A consisted of baseline measures for two to three weeks. Phase B consisted of 8-sessions of ERIC + YR delivered across three to six weeks by practitioners who had undertaken ERIC + YR training. Data collection included pre/post intervention measures as well as a daily questionnaire delivered via a smartphone application. While results showed clinically significant and reliable improvements in psychological wellbeing, no other outcome measures showed change between pre and post-intervention. The current study contributes to the evidence-base as an initial step in illuminating how an empirically driven intervention can be delivered as an adjunctive treatment for youth affected by CSE. Implications inform the current evidence-base, with future directions for intervention research discussed.
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Pavlacic JM, Witcraft SM, Dixon LJ, Buchanan EM, Schulenberg SE. Daily changes in state emotion regulation abilities predict positive and negative affect. JOURNAL OF CONTEXTUAL BEHAVIORAL SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcbs.2022.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Gómez B, Fernández‐Álvarez J, García F. Implementing routine outcome monitoring in the treatment of a patient with obsessive‐compulsive disorder. J Clin Psychol 2022; 78:2002-2015. [DOI: 10.1002/jclp.23418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Lewis MM, Naugle AE, DiBacco TA, Katte K, Smith CA, Blematl AR. Behavioral Measures of Experiential Avoidance: The Role of Context in Predicting Performance on Two Stressful Tasks. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-022-03447-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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van Doorn M, Nijhuis LA, Monsanto A, van Amelsvoort T, Popma A, Jaspers MWM, Noordzij ML, Öry FG, Alvarez-Jimenez M, Nieman DH. Usability, Feasibility, and Effect of a Biocueing Intervention in Addition to a Moderated Digital Social Therapy-Platform in Young People With Emerging Mental Health Problems: A Mixed-Method Approach. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:871813. [PMID: 35693972 PMCID: PMC9174529 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.871813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction To optimize treatment, it is of utmost importance to take into account the myriad of biological, social, and psychological changes that young people go through during adolescence which make them more vulnerable for developing mental health problems. Biocueing, a non-invasive method to transform physiological parameters into an observable signal, could strengthen stress- and emotion regulation by cueing physiologically unusual values in daily life. The aim of this study is to investigate the usability, feasibility, and exploratory effect of biocueing in addition to ENgage YOung people earlY (ENYOY), a moderated digital social therapy-platform, in young people with emerging mental health complaints. Methods A user-centered mixed-method design was used. A focus group was conducted to optimize the ENYOY-platform and biocueing intervention. Biocueing was operationalized by a smartwatch and the Sense-IT app. A within-subjects design was used; 10 days for all participants 'biofeedback off' (control), followed by 10 days 'biofeedback on' (experimental). Emotional awareness and perceived stress were measured using ecological momentary assessment. Eight individuals participated. User-friendliness, usability, and acceptance were assessed using a qualitative design. Results Findings from the focus group resulted in several adaptations of the biocueing intervention to the ENYOY-platform and vice versa. The average measurement compliance rate was 78.8%. Level-one findings showed different individual effects on perceived stress and emotional awareness. Level-two analyses showed no overall effects on perceived stress (B = -0.020, p = 0.562) and overall positive effects on emotional awareness (B = 0.030, p = 0.048) with small effect sizes (Improvement Rate Difference = 0.05-0.35). The intervention was found to be acceptable and showed moderate usability. Participants indicated they experienced improvements in reflection on feelings and changes in behavior, such as pausing and evaluating the situation. Conclusion These preliminary results show that biocueing could be a promising addition to digital treatment platforms and help young people become more emotionally aware. Improvements should be made regarding the usability and acceptability of the smartwatch, as well as more extensive integration of the biocueing intervention with a digital treatment platform. It would be relevant to gain a better understanding of which individuals would benefit most from an additional biocueing intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Anne Monsanto
- Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Thérèse van Amelsvoort
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Arne Popma
- Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Monique W. M. Jaspers
- Department of Medical Informatics, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC-Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Matthijs L. Noordzij
- Department of Psychology, Health and Technology, University of Twente, Enschede, Netherlands
| | | | - Mario Alvarez-Jimenez
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Orygen, Parkville, VIC, Australia
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Johnson DA, Stone A, Marsh S. Structural, Construct, and Concurrent Score Validity Evidence for the State-Interpersonal Reactivity Index in Telemental Health Care Sessions. MEASUREMENT AND EVALUATION IN COUNSELING AND DEVELOPMENT 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/07481756.2022.2066545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sarah Marsh
- Wake Forest University, Winston Salem, NC, USA
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Pruessner L, Hartmann S, Rubel JA, Lalk C, Barnow S, Timm C. Integrating a web-based intervention into routine care of binge-eating disorder: Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Internet Interv 2022; 28:100514. [PMID: 35281702 PMCID: PMC8907668 DOI: 10.1016/j.invent.2022.100514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although binge eating disorder (BED) is the most common eating pathology and carries a high mental and physical burden, access to specialized treatment is limited due to patient-related barriers and insufficient healthcare resources. Integrating web-based self-help programs into clinical care for BED may address this treatment gap by making evidence-based eating disorder interventions more accessible. Methods A two-armed randomized controlled trial will be conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of a web-based self-help intervention for BED in routine care settings. Patients aged 18-65 years fulfilling the diagnostic criteria for BED (N = 152) will be randomly allocated to (1) an intervention group receiving a 12-week web-based self-help program or (2) a waitlist control group with delayed access to the intervention. The primary outcome will be the number of binge eating episodes. Secondary outcomes include global eating pathology, functional impairments, work capacity, well-being, comorbid psychopathology, self-esteem, and emotion regulation abilities. Measurements will be conducted at baseline (study entrance), 6 weeks after baseline (mid-treatment), and 12 weeks after baseline (post-treatment). To capture outcomes and treatment mechanisms in real-time, traditional self-reports will be combined with weekly symptom monitoring and ecological momentary assessment. Discussion Evaluating the effectiveness of web-based interventions is essential to overcome the treatment gap for patients with BED. When adequately integrated into standard care, these programs have the potential to alleviate the high burden of BED for individuals, their families, and society. Trial registration https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04876183, Identifier: NCT04876183 (registered on May 6th, 2021).
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Affiliation(s)
- Luise Pruessner
- Department of Psychology, Heidelberg University, Hauptstr. 47-51, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Steffen Hartmann
- Department of Psychology, Heidelberg University, Hauptstr. 47-51, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Julian A. Rubel
- Psychotherapy Research Unit, University of Giessen, Otto-Behaghel-Straße 10, 35394 Giessen, Germany
| | - Christopher Lalk
- Psychotherapy Research Unit, University of Giessen, Otto-Behaghel-Straße 10, 35394 Giessen, Germany
| | - Sven Barnow
- Department of Psychology, Heidelberg University, Hauptstr. 47-51, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christina Timm
- Department of Psychology, Heidelberg University, Hauptstr. 47-51, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
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Hartmann S, Pruessner L, Rubel JA, Lalk C, Barnow S, Timm C. Applying a web-based self-help intervention for bulimia nervosa in routine care: Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Internet Interv 2022; 28:100512. [PMID: 35251938 PMCID: PMC8894237 DOI: 10.1016/j.invent.2022.100512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Individuals with bulimia nervosa (BN) experience persistent episodes of binge eating and inappropriate compensatory behavior associated with impaired physical and mental health. Despite the existence of effective treatments, many individuals with BN remain untreated, leading to a high burden and an increased risk of chronicity. Web-based interventions may help facilitate access to evidence-based treatments for BN by reducing barriers to the health care system. METHODS The present study will investigate the effectiveness of a web-based self-help intervention for BN in a two-armed randomized controlled trial. Individuals diagnosed with BN (N = 152) will be randomly assigned to either (1) an intervention group receiving a 12-week web-based intervention or (2) a waitlist control group with delayed access to the intervention. Further assessments will be scheduled 6 (mid-treatment) and 12 (post-treatment) weeks after baseline. Changes in the number of binge eating episodes and compensatory behaviors will be examined as primary outcomes. Secondary outcomes include global eating pathology, functional impairments, well-being, comorbid psychopathology, self-esteem, and emotion regulation abilities. DISCUSSION Adding web-based interventions into routine care is a promising approach to overcome the existing treatment gap for patients with BN. Therefore, the current study will test the effectiveness of a web-based intervention for BN under standard clinical care settings. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov, Identifier: NCT04876196 (registered on May 6th, 2021).
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Affiliation(s)
- Steffen Hartmann
- Department of Psychology, Heidelberg University, Hauptstr. 47-51, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Luise Pruessner
- Department of Psychology, Heidelberg University, Hauptstr. 47-51, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Julian A. Rubel
- Psychotherapy Research Unit, University of Giessen, Otto-Behaghel-Straße 10, 35394 Giessen, Germany
| | - Christopher Lalk
- Psychotherapy Research Unit, University of Giessen, Otto-Behaghel-Straße 10, 35394 Giessen, Germany
| | - Sven Barnow
- Department of Psychology, Heidelberg University, Hauptstr. 47-51, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christina Timm
- Department of Psychology, Heidelberg University, Hauptstr. 47-51, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
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Smith KE, Mason TB, Anderson LM, Schaefer LM, Crosby RD, Engel SG, Crow SJ, Wonderlich SA, Peterson CB. Naturalistically assessed associations between physical activity, affective functioning, and binge eating among adults with binge-eating disorder. Eat Disord 2022; 30:154-167. [PMID: 32397943 PMCID: PMC8628298 DOI: 10.1080/10640266.2020.1746121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Binge-eating disorder (BED) is associated with overweight/obesity, physical inactivity, and disturbances in affective functioning. While research suggests that physical activity (PA) may have beneficial effects on BED symptoms, little is known about the daily correlates of PA. As a first step in understanding the processes linking PA and binge eating, this study examined associations between PA (i.e., self-reported time engaged in moderate-to-vigorous PA), affective functioning (i.e., positive and negative affect, body satisfaction, emotion regulation), and eating-related cognitions and behaviors (i.e., craving, overeating, loss of control eating) measured via ecological momentary assessment (EMA). Adults with BED (N = 91) completed a seven-day EMA protocol during which they completed repeated measures of these variables. Results indicated individuals who reported greater time engaged in PA over the EMA protocol evidenced higher positive affect and body satisfaction, and lower overeating (between-subjects effects). No significant within-subjects effects were observed. Findings demonstrate that individual differences in PA levels were related to more adaptive affective functioning and eating regulation in daily life. Results highlight the relevance of PA in BED, and the need for future studies to identify the timescale of these relationships using objective measurements of PA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn E Smith
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Tyler B Mason
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Lisa M Anderson
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Lauren M Schaefer
- Sanford Research, Center for Bio-behavioral Research, Fargo, North Dakota, USA
| | - Ross D Crosby
- Sanford Research, Center for Bio-behavioral Research, Fargo, North Dakota, USA.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Fargo, North Dakota, USA
| | - Scott G Engel
- Sanford Research, Center for Bio-behavioral Research, Fargo, North Dakota, USA.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Fargo, North Dakota, USA
| | - Scott J Crow
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.,The Emily Program, Saint Paul, Minnesota, USA
| | - Stephen A Wonderlich
- Sanford Research, Center for Bio-behavioral Research, Fargo, North Dakota, USA.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Fargo, North Dakota, USA
| | - Carol B Peterson
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.,The Emily Program, Saint Paul, Minnesota, USA
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38
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Monopoli WJ, Huet A, Allan NP, Judah MR, Bunford N. Distinct aspects of emotion dysregulation differentially correspond to magnitude and slope of the late positive potential to affective stimuli. Cogn Emot 2022; 36:372-383. [PMID: 34775912 PMCID: PMC8860885 DOI: 10.1080/02699931.2021.2000370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACTEmotion dysregulation (ED) is a transdiagnostic risk factor for several forms of psychopathology. One established, integrative conceptualisation of ED that has informed our understanding of psychopathology (Gratz, K. L., & Roemer, L. (2004). Multidimensional assessment of emotion regulation and dysregulation : development, factor structure, and initial validation of the difficulties in emotion regulation scale. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 26(1), 41-54) was recently extended to account for state-level and specifically physiological aspects of ED. As such, the goal of the current study was to assess the degree to which this conceptualisation could be captured using a physiological, state-level index (i.e. the late positive potential; LPP). Participants (N=41; Mage=27.5 years, SD=11.0) completed a trait-based rating scale measure of the extended conceptualisation of ED and viewed a series of images that ranged in valence (i.e. unpleasant, pleasant, and neutral). Multilevel modelling indicated some points of convergence between rating scale scores and the LPP, and other points of divergence. Findings underscore the utility of a multi-method approach to improve understanding of key transdiagnostic characteristics across levels of analysis. Further, results are novel evidence supporting validity of the extended conceptualisation of ED.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ann Huet
- Department of Psychology, Ohio University, Athens, OH
| | | | - Matt R. Judah
- Department of Psychological Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR
| | - Nóra Bunford
- ‘Lendület’ Developmental and Translational Neuroscience Research Group, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
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State-based measurement of emotion regulation: The Turkish versions of SERI and S-DERS. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-021-02582-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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40
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Zatti A, Riva N. Anguish and fears about attitude towards Covid-19 vaccines: contrasts between yes and no vax. DISCOVER PSYCHOLOGY 2022; 2:26. [PMCID: PMC9098149 DOI: 10.1007/s44202-022-00038-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
The present research investigates the possible causes of resistance to vaccination against the COVID-19 virus. A significant percentage of different countries' populations is refractory to being vaccinated (i.e., in October 2021, in Italy, 20% aged 40–50 years old). A 92-item questionnaire was filled in by a sample of 613 subjects, of which 50.4% said they were against COVID-19 vaccines (63.1% female). Guided by the hypothesis that emotionality constitutes a basis of pre-reflective judgment, items relating to fear, anger and anguish were introduced in the survey. The subjects compiled the Difficulties in Emotional Regulation Scale. The differences between the means of the two samples evaluated with the Student test show that it is, above all, the underlying anguish that constitutes the primary discriminant between the two samples. No Vax mainly considers external the sources of anguish, while Yes Vax sources of anguish appear more internal. From this result an interpretation is advanced: it seems more difficult for No Vax to trust authority recommendations/obligations to get vaccinated because anguish is located just outside the one's body, where Authority dominates.
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41
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Ayache J, Connor A, Marks S, Kuss DJ, Rhodes D, Sumich A, Heym N. Exploring the "Dark Matter" of Social Interaction: Systematic Review of a Decade of Research in Spontaneous Interpersonal Coordination. Front Psychol 2021; 12:718237. [PMID: 34707533 PMCID: PMC8542929 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.718237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Interpersonal coordination is a research topic that has attracted considerable attention this last decade both due to a theoretical shift from intra-individual to inter-individual processes and due to the development of new methods for recording and analyzing movements in ecological settings. Encompassing spatiotemporal behavioral matching, interpersonal coordination is considered as "social glue" due to its capacity to foster social bonding. However, the mechanisms underlying this effect are still unclear and recent findings suggest a complex picture. Goal-oriented joint action and spontaneous coordination are often conflated, making it difficult to disentangle the role of joint commitment from unconscious mutual attunement. Consequently, the goals of the present article are twofold: (1) to illustrate the rapid expansion of interpersonal coordination as a research topic and (2) to conduct a systematic review of spontaneous interpersonal coordination, summarizing its latest developments and current challenges this last decade. By applying Rapid Automatic Keyword Extraction and Latent Dirichlet Allocation algorithms, keywords were extracted from PubMed and Scopus databases revealing the large diversity of research topics associated with spontaneous interpersonal coordination. Using the same databases and the keywords "behavioral matching," "interactional synchrony," and "interpersonal coordination," 1,213 articles were identified, extracted, and screened following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses protocol. A total of 19 articles were selected using the following inclusion criteria: (1) dynamic and spontaneous interactions between two unacquainted individuals (2) kinematic analyses, and (3) non-clinical and non-expert adult populations. The results of this systematic review stress the proliferation of various definitions and experimental paradigms that study perceptual and/or social influences on the emergence of spontaneous interpersonal coordination. As methods and indices used to quantify interpersonal coordination differ from one study to another, it becomes difficult to establish a coherent picture. This review highlights the need to reconsider interpersonal coordination not as the pinnacle of social interactions but as a complex dynamical process that requires cautious interpretation. An interdisciplinary approach is necessary for building bridges across scattered research fields through opening a dialogue between different theoretical frameworks and consequently provides a more ecological and holistic understanding of human social cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Ayache
- Department of Psychology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Andy Connor
- School of Future Environments, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Stefan Marks
- School of Future Environments, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Daria J. Kuss
- Department of Psychology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Darren Rhodes
- Department of Psychology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Alexander Sumich
- Department of Psychology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, United Kingdom
- Department of Psychology, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Nadja Heym
- Department of Psychology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, United Kingdom
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42
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Lawlor C, Vitoratou S, Hepworth C, Jolley S. Self-reported emotion regulation difficulties in psychosis: Psychometric properties of the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS-16). J Clin Psychol 2021; 77:2323-2340. [PMID: 33971018 DOI: 10.1002/jclp.23164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Individuals with psychosis self-report difficulties in understanding, relating, and responding to emotions as treatment priorities, yet we lack comprehensive, reliable, and valid assessments for routine clinical use. METHODS The psychometric properties of a brief version of the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale-16 (DERS-16) were examined using anonymized data from a sample of 150 outpatients with psychosis. RESULTS Confirmatory factor analysis supported the five-factor structure of the DERS-16. The model fit was further improved by omitting two items. Measurement invariance was shown with respect to age and gender. The DERS-16 demonstrated good internal consistency, well comparable to the original DERS. Evidence toward convergent validity is also presented. CONCLUSION Findings suggest that the DERS-16 is a reliable and valid measure of self-reported emotion regulation difficulties in individuals with psychosis. Further research on the clinical utility of the DERS-16 is needed, including examination of its test-retest reliability and predictive validity in response to targeted interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Lawlor
- Department of Psychology, King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, London, UK.,North Lambeth Promoting Recovery Team, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Silia Vitoratou
- Psychometrics and Measurement Lab, Biostatistics and Health Informatics, King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, London, UK
| | - Claire Hepworth
- Department of Psychology, King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, London, UK
| | - Suzanne Jolley
- Department of Psychology, King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, London, UK.,North Lambeth Promoting Recovery Team, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
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43
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Williams-Kerver GA, Schaefer LM, Hazzard VM, Cao L, Engel SG, Peterson CB, Wonderlich SA, Crosby RD. Baseline and momentary predictors of ecological momentary assessment adherence in a sample of adults with binge-eating disorder. Eat Behav 2021; 41:101509. [PMID: 33905971 PMCID: PMC8453583 DOI: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2021.101509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) is a widely used methodology to examine psychological and behavioral phenomena among individuals with eating disorders (EDs). While EMA overcomes limitations associated with traditional retrospective self-report, it remains subject to potential methodological limitations, including poor adherence to the EMA protocol, which may bias findings. Little is known about baseline and momentary predictors of missing EMA data in ED research; however, such work may help clarify the correlates of missingness and illuminate steps to address potential bias. The purpose of this study was to investigate predictors of EMA adherence in a sample of adults with binge-eating disorder (BED) enrolled in a randomized treatment trial. Prior to treatment, 110 patients completed self-report questionnaires assessing demographics, psychopathology, and transdiagnostic risk/maintenance factors. Participants then responded to EMA questions regarding their eating behavior and internal states six times a day for seven days. A series of generalized-linear and mixed-effect models were conducted to examine baseline and momentary predictors of EMA adherence. No significant baseline predictors were identified, suggesting that participants' overall level of missing data was not related to person-level characteristics (e.g., gender, level of ED pathology). However, lower positive affect, lower hunger, signals later in the day, later days in the EMA protocol, and missed prior signals predicted greater odds of signal non-response, suggesting certain contextual factors may impact the likelihood that a participant with BED will respond to the subsequent EMA signal. Ultimately, these findings have implications for future eating disorder EMA research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gail A. Williams-Kerver
- Sanford Center for Bio-behavioral Research; Fargo, ND,Department of Psychiatry, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences; Fargo, ND
| | - Lauren M. Schaefer
- Sanford Center for Bio-behavioral Research; Fargo, ND,Department of Psychiatry, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences; Fargo, ND
| | | | - Li Cao
- Sanford Center for Bio-behavioral Research; Fargo, ND
| | - Scott G. Engel
- Sanford Center for Bio-behavioral Research; Fargo, ND,Department of Psychiatry, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences; Fargo, ND
| | - Carol B. Peterson
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota; Minneapolis, MN
| | - Stephen A. Wonderlich
- Sanford Center for Bio-behavioral Research; Fargo, ND,Department of Psychiatry, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences; Fargo, ND
| | - Ross D. Crosby
- Sanford Center for Bio-behavioral Research; Fargo, ND,Department of Psychiatry, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences; Fargo, ND
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44
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Goetz DB, Johnson EC, Naugle AE, Borges LM. Alexithymia, state‐emotion dysregulation, and eating disorder symptoms: A mediation model. CLIN PSYCHOL-UK 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/cp.12210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dana B. Goetz
- Department of Psychology, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, Michigan,
| | - Erica C. Johnson
- Department of Psychology, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, Michigan,
| | - Amy E. Naugle
- Department of Psychology, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, Michigan,
| | - Lauren M. Borges
- Rocky Mountain MIRECC, Denver, Colorado,
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado,
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45
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Parker MN, Michael M, Murray HB, Juarascio AS, Manasse SM. State emotion modulation and loss-of-control eating in individuals with obesity: A preliminary ecological momentary assessment study. Eat Behav 2021; 41:101478. [PMID: 33610877 PMCID: PMC8131227 DOI: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2021.101478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
There is ample evidence linking broad trait emotion regulation deficits and negative affect with loss-of-control (LOC)-eating among individuals with obesity and binge eating, however, few studies have examined emotion regulation at the state-level. Within and across day fluctuations in the ability to modulate emotion (or regulate emotional and behavioral responses), one facet of state emotion regulation, may be a more robust momentary predictor of LOC-eating than momentary negative affect and trait emotion regulation ability. As such, the current study tested if daily emotion modulation, and daily variability in emotion modulation differed on days with and without LOC-eating episodes, and if momentary emotion modulation was associated with subsequent LOC-eating episodes. For two weeks individuals (N = 14) with obesity and binge eating completed surveys as part of an ecological momentary assessment study. Participants reported on current ability to modulate emotion, LOC-eating, and current negative affect. On LOC-eating days compared to non-LOC-eating days, ability to modulate emotion was poorer (β =0.10, p < .001) and average variability in ability to modulation emotions was greater (β = 0.56, p = .008), even when controlling for negative affect. Greater momentary difficulty modulating emotion was associated with a 40% increase in subsequent risk for LOC-eating (ß = 0.34, p = .071, OR = 1.40). Findings from this pilot study suggest that individuals with obesity report poorer ability to modulate emotion and greater variability in ability to modulate emotion on LOC-eating days, even when controlling for negative affect. Future research should replicate findings and further elucidate the relationships between state emotion regulation, negative affect, and LOC-eating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan N. Parker
- Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USUHS), 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA,Section on Growth and Obesity, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), Division of Intramural Research, National Institutes of Health (NIH), 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA,Department of Psychology, Drexel University, Stratton Hall, 3141 Chestnut Street Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Megan Michael
- Center for Weight, Eating and Lifestyle Science (WELL Center), Drexel University, Stratton Hall, 3141 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Helen Burton Murray
- Department of Psychology, Drexel University, Stratton Hall, 3141 Chestnut Street Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Adrienne S. Juarascio
- Department of Psychology, Drexel University, Stratton Hall, 3141 Chestnut Street Philadelphia, PA 19104,Center for Weight, Eating and Lifestyle Science (WELL Center), Drexel University, Stratton Hall, 3141 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Stephanie M. Manasse
- Center for Weight, Eating and Lifestyle Science (WELL Center), Drexel University, Stratton Hall, 3141 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104
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46
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Weiss NH, Schick MR, Waite EE, Haliczer LA, Dixon-Gordon KL. Association of Positive Emotion Dysregulation to Resting Heart Rate Variability: The Influence of Positive Affect Intensity. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2021; 173. [PMID: 33518872 DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2020.110607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Background A fast-growing body of research provides support for the role of positive emotion dysregulation in the etiology and maintenance of a wide range of psychiatric difficulties and clinically relevant behaviors. However, this work has exclusively relied on the subjective assessment of positive emotion dysregulation. Advancing research, the current study examined associations between physiological and subjective indices of positive emotional responding in the laboratory. Specifically, we explored the relation of the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale - Positive (Weiss, Gratz, & Lavender, 2015) to resting heart rate variability (HRV) at high and low state positive affect intensity. Methods Participants were 122 individuals recruited from college and community settings (M age = 23.39, 84.4% female, 68.0% White). Results Findings indicated a positive relation between positive emotion dysregulation and resting HRV at high state positive affect and a negative relation between positive emotion dysregulation and resting HRV at low state positive affect. Conclusions Results extend our understanding of the associations among subjective and physiological indices of positive emotional processes. These findings have key implications for the conduct of research on positive emotion dysregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole H Weiss
- Department of Psychology, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA
| | - Melissa R Schick
- Department of Psychology, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA
| | - Elinor E Waite
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MS, USA
| | - Lauren A Haliczer
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MS, USA
| | - Katherine L Dixon-Gordon
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MS, USA
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47
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Daros AR, Ruocco AC. Which Emotion Regulation Strategies are Most Associated with Trait Emotion Dysregulation? A Transdiagnostic Examination. JOURNAL OF PSYCHOPATHOLOGY AND BEHAVIORAL ASSESSMENT 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10862-020-09864-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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48
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Forbes CN, Tull MT, Rapport D, Xie H, Kaminski B, Wang X. Emotion Dysregulation Prospectively Predicts Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptom Severity 3 Months After Trauma Exposure. J Trauma Stress 2020; 33:1007-1016. [PMID: 32529732 PMCID: PMC10691918 DOI: 10.1002/jts.22551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Despite growing evidence in support of emotion dysregulation as a risk factor for the development of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) following trauma exposure, few studies have examined temporal relations between emotion dysregulation and the onset and/or worsening of PTSD symptoms over time. The aim of the present study was to extend research on temporal associations between emotion dysregulation and PTSD in a sample of individuals recruited from hospital emergency departments soon after a traumatic event. Adult participants (N = 85; 62.4% female) completed self-report measures of emotion dysregulation and PTSD symptoms within 2 weeks of experiencing a traumatic event. Symptoms of PTSD were assessed approximately 3 months posttrauma. The results of a hierarchical linear regression analysis demonstrated that the inclusion of emotion dysregulation accounted for a significant amount of unique variance, β = .23, ΔR2 = .04, p = .042, in 3-month PTSD symptom severity over and above other risk factors and baseline PTSD symptoms. No specific facet of emotion dysregulation emerged as a significant predictor of 3-month PTSD symptoms when all facets were included on the same step of the model, βs = -.04-.33, ps = .133-.954. These results demonstrate that posttraumatic emotion dysregulation may predict PTSD symptoms 3 months after trauma exposure. These findings are consistent with a growing body of literature that speaks to the relevance of emotional processes to the onset and maintenance of PTSD following exposure to a traumatic event.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Matthew T Tull
- Department of Psychology, University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - Daniel Rapport
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - Hong Xie
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - Brian Kaminski
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio, USA
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49
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Emotion generation and regulation following an intrusion induction: Implications for taboo or autogenous obsessions. J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry 2020; 69:101593. [PMID: 32574801 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbtep.2020.101593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Research demonstrates that autogenous (AO) and reactive obsessions (RO) differ in obsessional content; however, no experimental research has examined differences in emotion generation and regulation. Characterizing this taxonomy with respect to emotion generation and regulation could refine conceptualizations of obsessionality and optimize clinical interventions. METHODS Seventy undergraduates were randomly assigned to imagine a personally-relevant AO or RO. Subsequently, emotional reactivity was assessed. Participants then rated their emotion regulation efforts and the degree to which the intrusion violated their values. RESULTS Broadly aligning with expectations, bootstrapped linear regression models indicated that AOs led to a significant increase in self-conscious emotions (guilt, shame, and embarrassment), and these effects were stronger for those whose values were more severely threatened by the intrusion. A conditional process analysis revealed that the relationship between the AO condition and emotion regulation difficulties was explained by an increase in negative emotional reactivity, and the strength of this effect depended upon the degree of conflict with participants' values. LIMITATIONS The use of an analogue sample, and minimal emotional reactivity in the RO condition, threaten the ecological and external validity of the study. CONCLUSIONS The current study employed a novel experimental design demonstrating a meaningful relationship between AOs and both emotional activation and regulation. Results highlight the relevance of self-conscious emotions to the conceptualization of AOs and the utility of addressing them in the context of exposure therapy.
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50
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Kolar DR, Gorrell S. A call to experimentally study acute affect-regulation mechanisms specific to driven exercise in eating disorders. Int J Eat Disord 2020; 54:10.1002/eat.23427. [PMID: 33289120 PMCID: PMC8166956 DOI: 10.1002/eat.23427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Driven exercise (i.e., feeling compelled to exercise to control one's weight or shape, to obtain other positive consequences of exercising, or to avoid other negative consequences of not exercising) is a common phenomenon in individuals with eating disorders (EDs), typically associated with negative clinical outcomes. Current theoretical models of driven exercise highlight the short-term affect-regulating outcome of acute driven exercise, which is implicated to maintain this symptom either by positive or negative reinforcement. However, few studies have actually investigated cognitive, affective, and psychobiological mechanisms related to acute driven exercise. In particular, experimental studies that directly test mechanisms leading to the short-term affective improvement after acute driven exercise are scarce. In this article, we therefore propose potential cognitive, affective, and psychobiological mechanisms that could explain the affect-regulating function of driven exercise in individuals with EDs. In addition, we suggest examples of experimental studies that could directly test these mechanisms in individuals with EDs, as recent studies have demonstrated the safety of supervised exercise in EDs research. Our aim of stimulating research on the underlying causes and maintenance factors of driven exercise in EDs has the potential to critically inform treatment development for this high-risk population.
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Affiliation(s)
- David R. Kolar
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Medicine of Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Sasha Gorrell
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
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