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Sharman R, Kyle SD, Espie CA, Tamm S. Associations between self-reported sleep, overnight memory consolidation, and emotion perception: A large-scale online study in the general population. J Sleep Res 2023:e14094. [PMID: 38009410 DOI: 10.1111/jsr.14094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
Experimental studies suggest that short or disrupted sleep impairs memory consolidation, mood, and perception of emotional stimuli. However, studies have chiefly relied on laboratory-based study designs and small sample sizes. The aim of this fully online and pre-registered study was to investigate the association between sleep and overnight memory consolidation, emotion perception, and affect in a large, self-selected UK sample. A total of 1646 participants (473 completed) took part in an online study, where they completed a declarative (word-pairs) memory task, emotion perception task (valence ratings of images), and rated their affect within 2 h of bed-time. The following morning, participants reported on their state affect, sleep for the previous night, completed a cued recall task for the previously presented word-pairs, rated the valence of previously viewed images, and completed a surprise recognition task. Demographic data and habitual sleep quality and duration (sleep traits) were also recorded. Habitual sleep traits were associated with immediate recall for the word-pairs task, while self-reported sleep parameters for the specific night were not associated with overnight memory consolidation. Neither habitual sleep traits, nor nightly sleep parameters were associated with unpleasantness ratings to negative stimuli or overnight habituation. Habitual poor sleep was associated with less positive and more negative affect, and morning affect was predicted by the specific night's sleep. This study suggests that overnight emotional processing and declarative memory may not be associated with self-reported sleep across individuals. More work is needed to understand how findings from laboratory-based studies extrapolate to real-world samples and contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Sharman
- Sleep and Circadian Neuroscience Institute (SCNi), Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Simon D Kyle
- Sleep and Circadian Neuroscience Institute (SCNi), Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Colin A Espie
- Sleep and Circadian Neuroscience Institute (SCNi), Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Sandra Tamm
- Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, & Stockholm Health Care Services, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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2
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Tognetti A, Saluja S, Lybert N, Lasselin J, Tamm S, Lensmar C, Karshikoff B, Cervenka S, Lekander M, Olsson MJ. Olfactory Cues of Naturally Occurring Systemic Inflammation: A Pilot Study of Seasonal Allergy. Neuroimmunomodulation 2023; 30:338-345. [PMID: 37972578 DOI: 10.1159/000535047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In an attempt to avoid contact with infectious individuals, humans likely respond to generalized rather than specific markers of disease. Humans may thus perceive a noninfectious individual as socially less attractive if they look (e.g., have facial discolouration), move (e.g., have a slower walking pace), or sound (e.g., sneeze) sick. This pilot study tested whether humans are averse to the body odour of noninfectious individuals with a low-grade systemic inflammation. METHODS We collected the axillary body odour of individuals with severe seasonal allergy (N = 14) and healthy controls (N = 10) during and outside the allergy season and measured serum levels of two inflammatory cytokines (tumour necrosis factor-α and interleukin-5). Independent participants (N = 67) then sampled and rated these odours on intensity and pleasantness. RESULTS While individuals with seasonal allergy had nominally more unpleasant and intense body odours during the allergy season, relative to outside the allergy season and to healthy controls, these effects were not significant. When examining immune markers, the change in perceived pleasantness of an individual's body odour (from out-to-inside pollen season) was significantly related to the change in their interleukin-5 levels but not to tumour necrosis factor-α. DISCUSSION Our findings tentatively suggest that the human olfactory system could be sensitive to inflammation as present in a noncommunicable condition. Larger replications are required to determine the role of olfaction in the perception of infectious and noninfectious (e.g., chronic diseases) conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnaud Tognetti
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- CEE-M, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Supreet Saluja
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nathalie Lybert
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Julie Lasselin
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Stress Research Institute, Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
- Osher Center for Integrative Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sandra Tamm
- Stress Research Institute, Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
- Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Catarina Lensmar
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Osher Center for Integrative Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Bianka Karshikoff
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Social Studies, Stavanger University, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Simon Cervenka
- Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Medical Science, Psychiatry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mats Lekander
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Stress Research Institute, Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
- Osher Center for Integrative Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mats J Olsson
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Schiel JE, Tamm S, Holub F, Petri R, Dashti HS, Domschke K, Feige B, Goodman MO, Jones SE, Lane JM, Ratti PL, Ray DW, Redline S, Riemann D, Rutter MK, Saxena R, Sexton CE, Tahmasian M, Wang H, Weedon MN, Weihs A, Kyle SD, Spiegelhalder K. Associations between sleep health and grey matter volume in the UK Biobank cohort ( n = 33 356). Brain Commun 2023; 5:fcad200. [PMID: 37492488 PMCID: PMC10365832 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcad200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Abstract
As suggested by previous research, sleep health is assumed to be a key determinant of future morbidity and mortality. In line with this, recent studies have found that poor sleep is associated with impaired cognitive function. However, to date, little is known about brain structural abnormalities underlying this association. Although recent findings link sleep health deficits to specific alterations in grey matter volume, evidence remains inconsistent and reliant on small sample sizes. Addressing this problem, the current preregistered study investigated associations between sleep health and grey matter volume (139 imaging-derived phenotypes) in the UK Biobank cohort (33 356 participants). Drawing on a large sample size and consistent data acquisition, sleep duration, insomnia symptoms, daytime sleepiness, chronotype, sleep medication and sleep apnoea were examined. Our main analyses revealed that long sleep duration was systematically associated with larger grey matter volume of basal ganglia substructures. Insomnia symptoms, sleep medication and sleep apnoea were not associated with any of the 139 imaging-derived phenotypes. Short sleep duration, daytime sleepiness as well as late and early chronotype were associated with solitary imaging-derived phenotypes (no recognizable pattern, small effect sizes). To our knowledge, this is the largest study to test associations between sleep health and grey matter volume. Clinical implications of the association between long sleep duration and larger grey matter volume of basal ganglia are discussed. Insomnia symptoms as operationalized in the UK Biobank do not translate into grey matter volume findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian E Schiel
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Hauptstraße 5, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sandra Tamm
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Retzius väg 8, 17165 Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Warneford Lane, OX3 7JX Oxford, UK
| | - Florian Holub
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Hauptstraße 5, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Roxana Petri
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Hauptstraße 5, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Hassan S Dashti
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Main St. 415, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Cambridge St. 185, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School,Fruit St. 55, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Katharina Domschke
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Hauptstraße 5, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Bernd Feige
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Hauptstraße 5, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Matthew O Goodman
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Francis St. 75, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Samuel E Jones
- Institute for Molecular Medicine (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Tukholmankatu 8, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jacqueline M Lane
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Main St. 415, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Cambridge St. 185, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School,Fruit St. 55, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Pietro-Luca Ratti
- Neurocenter of Southern Switzerland, Regional Hospital of Lugano, Viale Officina 3, 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - David W Ray
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Gastroenterology, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Grafton St. 46, M13 9NT Manchester, UK
| | - Susan Redline
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Francis St. 75, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Dieter Riemann
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Hauptstraße 5, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Martin K Rutter
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Centre for Biological Timing, University of Manchester, Grafton St. 46, M13 9NT Manchester, UK
- Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism Centre, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Grafton St. 46, M13 9NT Manchester, UK
| | - Richa Saxena
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Main St. 415, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Cambridge St. 185, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School,Fruit St. 55, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Claire E Sexton
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Warneford Lane, OX3 7JX Oxford, UK
- Department of Neurology, Global Brain Health Institute, Memory and Aging Center, University of California, Nelson Rising Lane 675, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Masoud Tahmasian
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Brain and Behavior (INM-7), Research Center Jülich, Wilhelm-Johnen-Straße 14.6y, 52428 Jülich, Germany
- Medical Faculty, Institute for Systems Neuroscience, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Moorenstraße 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Heming Wang
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Main St. 415, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Francis St. 75, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Euclid Ave. 10900, Cleveland, OH 44106-7288, USA
| | - Michael N Weedon
- Genetics of Complex Traits, University of Exeter Medical School, Royal Devon & Exeter Hospital, Barrack Road, EX2 5DW Exeter, UK
| | - Antoine Weihs
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Ellernholzstraße 1-2, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Simon D Kyle
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Sleep and Circadian Neuroscience Institute (SCNi), University of Oxford, South Parks Road, OX1 3QU Oxford, UK
| | - Kai Spiegelhalder
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Hauptstraße 5, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
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Holub F, Petri R, Schiel J, Feige B, Rutter MK, Tamm S, Riemann D, Kyle SD, Spiegelhalder K. Associations between insomnia symptoms and functional connectivity in the UK Biobank cohort (n = 29,423). J Sleep Res 2023; 32:e13790. [PMID: 36528860 DOI: 10.1111/jsr.13790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
An increasing number of studies harness resting-state fMRI functional connectivity analysis to investigate the neurobiological mechanisms of insomnia. The results to date are inconsistent and the detection of minor and widely distributed alterations in functional connectivity requires large sample sizes. The present study investigated associations between insomnia symptoms and resting-state functional connectivity at the whole-brain level in the largest sample to date. This cross-sectional analysis used resting-state imaging data from the UK Biobank, a large scale, population-based biomedical database. The analysis included 29,423 participants (age: 63.1 ± 7.5 years, 54.3% female), comprising 9210 with frequent insomnia symptoms and 20,213 controls without. Linear models were adjusted for relevant clinical, imaging, and socio-demographic variables. The Akaike information criterion was used for model selection. Multiple comparisons were corrected using the false discovery rate with a significance level of q < 0.05. Frequent insomnia symptoms were associated with increased connectivity within the default mode network and frontoparietal network, increased negative connectivity between the default mode network and the frontoparietal network, and decreased connectivity between the salience network and a node of the default mode network. Furthermore, frequent insomnia symptoms were associated with altered functional connectivity between nodes comprising sensory areas and the cerebellum. These functional alterations of brain networks may underlie dysfunctional affective and cognitive processing in insomnia and contribute to subjectively and objectively impaired sleep. However, it must be noted that the item that was used to assess frequent insomnia symptoms in this study did not assess all the characteristics of clinically diagnosed insomnia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Holub
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Roxana Petri
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Julian Schiel
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Bernd Feige
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Centre for Basics in NeuroModulation (NeuroModulBasics), Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Martin K Rutter
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Gastroenterology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism Centre, Manchester Royal Infirmary, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Sandra Tamm
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Dieter Riemann
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Centre for Basics in NeuroModulation (NeuroModulBasics), Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Simon D Kyle
- Sleep and Circadian Neuroscience Institute (SCNi), Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Kai Spiegelhalder
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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Reid MJ, Omlin X, Espie CA, Sharman R, Tamm S, Kyle SD. The effect of sleep continuity disruption on multimodal emotion processing and regulation: a laboratory-based, randomised, controlled experiment in good sleepers. J Sleep Res 2023; 32:e13634. [PMID: 35578403 DOI: 10.1111/jsr.13634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Previous research shows that experimental sleep deprivation alters emotion processing, suggesting a potential mechanism linking sleep disruption to mental ill-health. Extending previous work, we experimentally disrupted sleep continuity in good sleepers and assessed next-day emotion processing and regulation using tasks with established sensitivity to depression. In a laboratory-based study, 51 good sleepers (37 female; mean [SD] age 24 [3.63] years), were randomised to 1 night of uninterrupted sleep (n = 24) or sleep continuity disruption (n = 27). We assessed emotion perception, attention, and memory the following day. Participants also completed an emotion regulation task and measures of self-reported affect, anxiety, sleepiness, overnight declarative memory consolidation, and psychomotor vigilance. Confirming the effects of the manipulation, sleep continuity disruption led to a marked decrease in polysomnography-defined total sleep time (229.98 versus 434.57 min), increased wake-time after sleep onset (260.66 versus 23.84 min), and increased sleepiness (d = 0.81). Sleep continuity disruption led to increased anxiety (d = 0.68), decreased positive affect (d = -0.62), reduced overnight declarative memory consolidation (d = -1.08), and reduced psychomotor vigilance (longer reaction times [d = 0.64] and more lapses [d = 0.74]), relative to control. However, contrary to our hypotheses, experimental sleep disruption had no effect on perception of, or bias for, emotional facial expressions, emotional memory for words, or emotion regulation following worry induction. In conclusion, 1 night of sleep continuity disruption had no appreciable effect on objective measures of emotion processing or emotion regulation in response to worry induction, despite clear effects on memory consolidation, vigilance, and self-reported affect and anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Reid
- Sleep and Circadian Neuroscience Institute, The University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Ximena Omlin
- Sleep and Circadian Neuroscience Institute, The University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Colin A Espie
- Sleep and Circadian Neuroscience Institute, The University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Rachel Sharman
- Sleep and Circadian Neuroscience Institute, The University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Sandra Tamm
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Simon D Kyle
- Sleep and Circadian Neuroscience Institute, The University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Tamm S, Harmer CJ, Schiel J, Holub F, Rutter MK, Spiegelhalder K, Kyle SD. No Association Between Amygdala Responses to Negative Faces and Depressive Symptoms: Cross-Sectional Data from 28,638 Individuals in the UK Biobank Cohort. Am J Psychiatry 2022; 179:509-513. [PMID: 35775158 DOI: 10.1176/appi.ajp.21050466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Tamm
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford and Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, U.K. (Tamm, Harmer); Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm (Tamm); Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Freiburg Medical Centre and Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany (Schiel, Holub, Spiegelhalder); Centre for Biological Timing, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester and the Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism Centre, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, U.K. (Rutter); Sleep and Circadian Neuroscience Institute, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K. (Kyle)
| | - Catherine J Harmer
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford and Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, U.K. (Tamm, Harmer); Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm (Tamm); Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Freiburg Medical Centre and Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany (Schiel, Holub, Spiegelhalder); Centre for Biological Timing, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester and the Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism Centre, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, U.K. (Rutter); Sleep and Circadian Neuroscience Institute, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K. (Kyle)
| | - Julian Schiel
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford and Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, U.K. (Tamm, Harmer); Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm (Tamm); Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Freiburg Medical Centre and Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany (Schiel, Holub, Spiegelhalder); Centre for Biological Timing, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester and the Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism Centre, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, U.K. (Rutter); Sleep and Circadian Neuroscience Institute, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K. (Kyle)
| | - Florian Holub
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford and Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, U.K. (Tamm, Harmer); Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm (Tamm); Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Freiburg Medical Centre and Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany (Schiel, Holub, Spiegelhalder); Centre for Biological Timing, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester and the Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism Centre, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, U.K. (Rutter); Sleep and Circadian Neuroscience Institute, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K. (Kyle)
| | - Martin K Rutter
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford and Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, U.K. (Tamm, Harmer); Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm (Tamm); Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Freiburg Medical Centre and Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany (Schiel, Holub, Spiegelhalder); Centre for Biological Timing, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester and the Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism Centre, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, U.K. (Rutter); Sleep and Circadian Neuroscience Institute, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K. (Kyle)
| | - Kai Spiegelhalder
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford and Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, U.K. (Tamm, Harmer); Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm (Tamm); Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Freiburg Medical Centre and Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany (Schiel, Holub, Spiegelhalder); Centre for Biological Timing, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester and the Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism Centre, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, U.K. (Rutter); Sleep and Circadian Neuroscience Institute, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K. (Kyle)
| | - Simon D Kyle
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford and Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, U.K. (Tamm, Harmer); Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm (Tamm); Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Freiburg Medical Centre and Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany (Schiel, Holub, Spiegelhalder); Centre for Biological Timing, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester and the Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism Centre, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, U.K. (Rutter); Sleep and Circadian Neuroscience Institute, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K. (Kyle)
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Gandaglia G, Omar M, Maresca G, Golozar A, Remmers S, Roobol M, Steinbeisser C, Hulsen T, Van Bochove K, Katharina B, Van Hemelrijck M, Willemse PP, Oja M, Tamm S, Reisberg S, Gomez Rivas J, Van Den Bergh R, Kinnaird A, Asiimwe A, Bjartell A, Smith E, N'Dow J. Clinical characterization and outcomes of prostate cancer patients undergoing immediate vs. conservative management: A PIONEER study. Eur Urol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(22)01127-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Gómez Rivas J, Lai L, Chatzichristos C, Van Hemelrijck M, Beyer K, Oja M, Tamm S, Reisberg S, Vilo J, Asiimwe A, Steinbeisser C, Bjartell A, Sakalis V, N' Dow J. Baseline characteristics and outcomes of 10.485 prostate cancer patients on delayed palliative management: A report from PIONEER, a big data for better outcome programme. Eur Urol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(22)01130-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Tahmasian M, Aleman A, Andreassen OA, Arab Z, Baillet M, Benedetti F, Bresser T, Bright J, Chee MW, Chylinski D, Cheng W, Deantoni M, Dresler M, Eickhoff SB, Eickhoff CR, Elvsåshagen T, Feng J, Foster-Dingley JC, Ganjgahi H, Grabe HJ, Groenewold NA, Ho TC, Hong SB, Houenou J, Irungu B, Jahanshad N, Khazaie H, Kim H, Koshmanova E, Kocevska D, Kochunov P, Lakbila-Kamal O, Leerssen J, Li M, Luik AI, Muto V, Narbutas J, Nilsonne G, O’Callaghan VS, Olsen A, Osorio RS, Poletti S, Poudel G, Reesen JE, Reneman L, Reyt M, Riemann D, Rosenzweig I, Rostampour M, Saberi A, Schiel J, Schmidt C, Schrantee A, Sciberras E, Silk TJ, Sim K, Smevik H, Soares JC, Spiegelhalder K, Stein DJ, Talwar P, Tamm S, Teresi GI, Valk SL, Van Someren E, Vandewalle G, Van Egroo M, Völzke H, Walter M, Wassing R, Weber FD, Weihs A, Westlye LT, Wright MJ, Wu MJ, Zak N, Zarei M. ENIGMA-Sleep: Challenges, opportunities, and the road map. J Sleep Res 2021; 30:e13347. [PMID: 33913199 PMCID: PMC8803276 DOI: 10.1111/jsr.13347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Neuroimaging and genetics studies have advanced our understanding of the neurobiology of sleep and its disorders. However, individual studies usually have limitations to identifying consistent and reproducible effects, including modest sample sizes, heterogeneous clinical characteristics and varied methodologies. These issues call for a large-scale multi-centre effort in sleep research, in order to increase the number of samples, and harmonize the methods of data collection, preprocessing and analysis using pre-registered well-established protocols. The Enhancing NeuroImaging Genetics through Meta-Analysis (ENIGMA) consortium provides a powerful collaborative framework for combining datasets across individual sites. Recently, we have launched the ENIGMA-Sleep working group with the collaboration of several institutes from 15 countries to perform large-scale worldwide neuroimaging and genetics studies for better understanding the neurobiology of impaired sleep quality in population-based healthy individuals, the neural consequences of sleep deprivation, pathophysiology of sleep disorders, as well as neural correlates of sleep disturbances across various neuropsychiatric disorders. In this introductory review, we describe the details of our currently available datasets and our ongoing projects in the ENIGMA-Sleep group, and discuss both the potential challenges and opportunities of a collaborative initiative in sleep medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoud Tahmasian
- Institute of Medical Science and Technology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - André Aleman
- University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Ole A. Andreassen
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Inst of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Zahra Arab
- Institute of Medical Science and Technology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marion Baillet
- GIGA-Institute, Cyclotron Research Center/In Vivo Imaging, Sleep and Chronobiology Lab, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Francesco Benedetti
- Psychiatry & Clinical Psychobiology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS Scientific Institute Ospedale San Raffaele, Milano, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milano, Italy
| | - Tom Bresser
- Department of Sleep and Cognition, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience (NIN), an Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Integrative Neurophysiology, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research (CNCR), Amsterdam Neuroscience, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Joanna Bright
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA, USA
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Michael W.L. Chee
- Centre for Sleep and Cognition, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Daphne Chylinski
- GIGA-Institute, Cyclotron Research Center/In Vivo Imaging, Sleep and Chronobiology Lab, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Wei Cheng
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-inspired intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Michele Deantoni
- GIGA-Institute, Cyclotron Research Center/In Vivo Imaging, Sleep and Chronobiology Lab, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Martin Dresler
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Simon B. Eickhoff
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Brain & Behaviour (INM-7), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany
- Institute of Systems Neuroscience, Medical Faculty,, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Claudia R. Eickhoff
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Structural and functional organisation of the brain (INM-1), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany
- Institute of Clinical Neuroscience and Medical Psychology, Medical Faculty, University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Torbjørn Elvsåshagen
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Neurology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jianfeng Feng
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-inspired intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Computer Science, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Jessica C. Foster-Dingley
- Department of Sleep and Cognition, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience (NIN), an Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Habib Ganjgahi
- Department of Statistics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Hans J. Grabe
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Site Rostock/Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Nynke A. Groenewold
- SA MRC Unit on Risk & Resilience in Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry & Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Tiffany C. Ho
- Department of Psychiatry and Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Seung Bong Hong
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, SBRI (Samsung Biomedical Research Institute), Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Josselin Houenou
- Univ Paris Saclay, NeuroSpin neuroimaging platform, Psychiatry Team, UNIACT Lab, CEA Saclay, Gif-Sur-Yvette Cedex, France
- DMU IMPACT de Psychiatrie et d'Addictologie, APHP, Hôpitaux Universitaires Mondor, Créteil, France
- Univ Paris Est Créteil, INSERM U 955, IMRB Team 15 « Translational Neuropsychiatry », Foundation FondaMental, Créteil, France
| | - Benson Irungu
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Neda Jahanshad
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA, USA
| | - Habibolah Khazaie
- Sleep Disorders Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Hosung Kim
- Laboratory of Neuro Imaging at USC Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ekaterina Koshmanova
- GIGA-Institute, Cyclotron Research Center/In Vivo Imaging, Sleep and Chronobiology Lab, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Desi Kocevska
- Department of Sleep and Cognition, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience (NIN), an Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Peter Kochunov
- Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Oti Lakbila-Kamal
- Department of Sleep and Cognition, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience (NIN), an Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Integrative Neurophysiology, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research (CNCR), Amsterdam Neuroscience, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jeanne Leerssen
- Department of Sleep and Cognition, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience (NIN), an Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Integrative Neurophysiology, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research (CNCR), Amsterdam Neuroscience, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Meng Li
- Clinical Affective Neuroimaging Laboratory, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Annemarie I. Luik
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Vincenzo Muto
- GIGA-Institute, Cyclotron Research Center/In Vivo Imaging, Sleep and Chronobiology Lab, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Justinas Narbutas
- GIGA-Institute, Cyclotron Research Center/In Vivo Imaging, Sleep and Chronobiology Lab, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Gustav Nilsonne
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Psychology, Stress Research Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Alexander Olsen
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Psychology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Ricardo S. Osorio
- Healthy Brain Aging and Sleep Center, Department of Psychiatry, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY, USA
| | - Sara Poletti
- Psychiatry & Clinical Psychobiology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS Scientific Institute Ospedale San Raffaele, Milano, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milano, Italy
| | - Govinda Poudel
- Mary Mackillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - Joyce E. Reesen
- Department of Sleep and Cognition, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience (NIN), an Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Integrative Neurophysiology, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research (CNCR), Amsterdam Neuroscience, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Liesbeth Reneman
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mathilde Reyt
- GIGA-Institute, Cyclotron Research Center/In Vivo Imaging, Sleep and Chronobiology Lab, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
- Psychology and Neuroscience of Cognition Research Unit, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Dieter Riemann
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Ivana Rosenzweig
- Sleep and Brain Plasticity Centre, Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King’s College London, London, UK
- Sleep Disorders Centre, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Masoumeh Rostampour
- Sleep Disorders Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Amin Saberi
- Institute of Medical Science and Technology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Julian Schiel
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Christina Schmidt
- GIGA-Institute, Cyclotron Research Center/In Vivo Imaging, Sleep and Chronobiology Lab, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
- Psychology and Neuroscience of Cognition Research Unit, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Anouk Schrantee
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Emma Sciberras
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic., Australia
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Vic., Australia
- School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, Vic., Australia
| | - Tim J. Silk
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic., Australia
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Vic., Australia
- School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, Vic., Australia
| | - Kang Sim
- Institute of Mental Health, Buangkok, Singapore
| | - Hanne Smevik
- Department of Psychology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Jair C. Soares
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Kai Spiegelhalder
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Dan J. Stein
- SA MRC Unit on Risk & Resilience in Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry & Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Puneet Talwar
- GIGA-Institute, Cyclotron Research Center/In Vivo Imaging, Sleep and Chronobiology Lab, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Sandra Tamm
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Psychology, Stress Research Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Giana I. Teresi
- Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Sofie L. Valk
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Brain & Behaviour (INM-7), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany
- Institute of Systems Neuroscience, Medical Faculty,, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Otto Hahn Group Cognitive Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Eus Van Someren
- Department of Sleep and Cognition, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience (NIN), an Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Integrative Neurophysiology, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research (CNCR), Amsterdam Neuroscience, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Vrije Universiteit, Psychiatry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gilles Vandewalle
- GIGA-Institute, Cyclotron Research Center/In Vivo Imaging, Sleep and Chronobiology Lab, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Maxime Van Egroo
- GIGA-Institute, Cyclotron Research Center/In Vivo Imaging, Sleep and Chronobiology Lab, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Henry Völzke
- Institute for Community Medicine, Department SHIP/Clinical Epidemiological Research, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Greifswald, Germany
| | - Martin Walter
- Clinical Affective Neuroimaging Laboratory, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Rick Wassing
- Department of Sleep and Circadian Research, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Frederik D. Weber
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Antoine Weihs
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Lars Tjelta Westlye
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Inst of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- K.G Jebsen Center for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Margaret J. Wright
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
- Centre for Advanced Imaging, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Qld, Australia
| | - Mon-Ju Wu
- Department of Psychology and Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Nathalia Zak
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Inst of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Mojtaba Zarei
- Institute of Medical Science and Technology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
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10
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Koenig J, Abler B, Agartz I, Åkerstedt T, Andreassen OA, Anthony M, Bär KJ, Bertsch K, Brown RC, Brunner R, Carnevali L, Critchley HD, Cullen KR, de Geus EJC, de la Cruz F, Dziobek I, Ferger MD, Fischer H, Flor H, Gaebler M, Gianaros PJ, Giummarra MJ, Greening SG, Guendelman S, Heathers JAJ, Herpertz SC, Hu MX, Jentschke S, Kaess M, Kaufmann T, Klimes-Dougan B, Koelsch S, Krauch M, Kumral D, Lamers F, Lee TH, Lekander M, Lin F, Lotze M, Makovac E, Mancini M, Mancke F, Månsson KNT, Manuck SB, Mather M, Meeten F, Min J, Mueller B, Muench V, Nees F, Nga L, Nilsonne G, Ordonez Acuna D, Osnes B, Ottaviani C, Penninx BWJH, Ponzio A, Poudel GR, Reinelt J, Ren P, Sakaki M, Schumann A, Sørensen L, Specht K, Straub J, Tamm S, Thai M, Thayer JF, Ubani B, van der Mee DJ, van Velzen LS, Ventura-Bort C, Villringer A, Watson DR, Wei L, Wendt J, Schreiner MW, Westlye LT, Weymar M, Winkelmann T, Wu GR, Yoo HJ, Quintana DS. Cortical thickness and resting-state cardiac function across the lifespan: A cross-sectional pooled mega-analysis. Psychophysiology 2021; 58:e13688. [PMID: 33037836 DOI: 10.1111/psyp.13688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the association between autonomic nervous system [ANS] function and brain morphology across the lifespan provides important insights into neurovisceral mechanisms underlying health and disease. Resting-state ANS activity, indexed by measures of heart rate [HR] and its variability [HRV] has been associated with brain morphology, particularly cortical thickness [CT]. While findings have been mixed regarding the anatomical distribution and direction of the associations, these inconsistencies may be due to sex and age differences in HR/HRV and CT. Previous studies have been limited by small sample sizes, which impede the assessment of sex differences and aging effects on the association between ANS function and CT. To overcome these limitations, 20 groups worldwide contributed data collected under similar protocols of CT assessment and HR/HRV recording to be pooled in a mega-analysis (N = 1,218 (50.5% female), mean age 36.7 years (range: 12-87)). Findings suggest a decline in HRV as well as CT with increasing age. CT, particularly in the orbitofrontal cortex, explained additional variance in HRV, beyond the effects of aging. This pattern of results may suggest that the decline in HRV with increasing age is related to a decline in orbitofrontal CT. These effects were independent of sex and specific to HRV; with no significant association between CT and HR. Greater CT across the adult lifespan may be vital for the maintenance of healthy cardiac regulation via the ANS-or greater cardiac vagal activity as indirectly reflected in HRV may slow brain atrophy. Findings reveal an important association between CT and cardiac parasympathetic activity with implications for healthy aging and longevity that should be studied further in longitudinal research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Koenig
- University Hospital of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Section for Experimental Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Centre for Psychosocial Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Birgit Abler
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy III, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Ingrid Agartz
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Psychiatry, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatric Research, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Torbjörn Åkerstedt
- Stress Research Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ole A Andreassen
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Mia Anthony
- University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Karl-Jürgen Bär
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Katja Bertsch
- Department of General Psychiatry, Center for Psychosocial Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rebecca C Brown
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Romuald Brunner
- Clinic and Polyclinic for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatic and Psychotherapy, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Luca Carnevali
- Stress Physiology Lab, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Hugo D Critchley
- Psychiatry, BSMS Department of Neuroscience, Brighton and Sussex Medical School (BSMS), University of Sussex, Falmer, UK
| | - Kathryn R Cullen
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota, Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Eco J C de Geus
- Department of Biological Psychology, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Isabel Dziobek
- Department of Psychology, Berlin School of Mind and Brain, Humboldt Universität, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marc D Ferger
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy III, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Håkan Fischer
- Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Herta Flor
- Department of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Michael Gaebler
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
- MindBrainBody Institute, Berlin School of Mind and Brain, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Peter J Gianaros
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Melita J Giummarra
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Caulfield Pain Management and Research Centre, Caulfield, VIC, Australia
| | - Steven G Greening
- Department of Psychology, Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Simon Guendelman
- Berlin School of Mind and Brain, Humboldt Universität, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Sabine C Herpertz
- Department of General Psychiatry, Center for Psychosocial Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mandy X Hu
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sebastian Jentschke
- Cluster "Languages of Emotion", Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Psychosocial Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Michael Kaess
- University Hospital of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Section for Translational Psychobiology in Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Centre for Psychosocial Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tobias Kaufmann
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Bonnie Klimes-Dougan
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, College of Liberal Arts, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Stefan Koelsch
- Cluster "Languages of Emotion", Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Marlene Krauch
- Department of General Psychiatry, Center for Psychosocial Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Deniz Kumral
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
- MindBrainBody Institute, Berlin School of Mind and Brain, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Femke Lamers
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tae-Ho Lee
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Mats Lekander
- Stress Research Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Feng Lin
- University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Martin Lotze
- Functional Imaging Unit, Center of Diagnostic Radiology and Neuroradiology, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Elena Makovac
- Centre for Neuroimaging Science, King's College London, London, UK
- Neuroimaging Laboratory, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Matteo Mancini
- Clinical Imaging Sciences Centre, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Brighton, UK
- Centre for Medical Image Computing, Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, London, UK
| | - Falk Mancke
- Department of General Psychiatry, Center for Psychosocial Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kristoffer N T Månsson
- Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
- Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm Health Care Services, Stockholm County Council, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Stephen B Manuck
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Mara Mather
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Frances Meeten
- School of Psychology, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK
| | - Jungwon Min
- Emotion and Cognition Lab, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Bryon Mueller
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota, Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Vera Muench
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Frauke Nees
- Department of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Lin Nga
- Emotion and Cognition Lab, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Gustav Nilsonne
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Berge Osnes
- Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Bjorgvin District Psychiatric Centre, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Cristina Ottaviani
- Neuroimaging Laboratory, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Brenda W J H Penninx
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Allison Ponzio
- Emotion and Cognition Lab, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Govinda R Poudel
- Behaviour Environment and Cognition Research Program, Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Janis Reinelt
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ping Ren
- University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Michiko Sakaki
- School of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK
- Research Institute, Kochi University of Technology, Kami, Japan
| | - Andy Schumann
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Lin Sørensen
- Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Karsten Specht
- Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Education, UiT/The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Joana Straub
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Sandra Tamm
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Psychiatry, Oxford University, Oxford, UK
| | - Michelle Thai
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota, Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Julian F Thayer
- Department of Psychological Science, The University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Benjamin Ubani
- Boston University, School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Denise J van der Mee
- Department of Biological Psychology, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Laura S van Velzen
- Department of Psychiatry, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University, Medical Center and GGZ inGeest, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Carlos Ventura-Bort
- Department of Biological Psychology and Affective Science, Faculty of Human Sciences, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Arno Villringer
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
- MindBrainBody Institute, Berlin School of Mind and Brain, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - David R Watson
- Clinical Imaging Sciences Centre, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, University of Sussex, Falmer, UK
| | - Luqing Wei
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Julia Wendt
- Department of Biological Psychology and Affective Science, Faculty of Human Sciences, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | | | - Lars T Westlye
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Mathias Weymar
- Department of Biological Psychology and Affective Science, Faculty of Human Sciences, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
- Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Tobias Winkelmann
- Department of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Guo-Rong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hyun Joo Yoo
- Emotion and Cognition Lab, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Daniel S Quintana
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
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11
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Tamm S, Lensmar C, Andreasson A, Axelsson J, Forsberg Morén A, Grunewald J, Gyllfors P, Karshikoff B, Kosek E, Lampa J, Olgart Höglund C, Strand V, Cervenka S, Lekander M. Objective and Subjective Sleep in Rheumatoid Arthritis and Severe Seasonal Allergy: Preliminary Assessments of the Role of Sickness, Central and Peripheral Inflammation. Nat Sci Sleep 2021; 13:775-789. [PMID: 34168509 PMCID: PMC8216747 DOI: 10.2147/nss.s297702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Disturbed sleep in inflammatory disorders such as allergy and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is common and may be directly or indirectly related to disease processes, but has not been well characterized in these patient groups, especially not with objective methods. AIM The present study aimed to characterize objective and subjective sleep in patients with allergy or RA using sleep diaries, one-channel EEG and actigraphy. It also aimed to investigate if sleep measures were associated with central immune activation, assessed using translocator protein (TSPO) positron emission tomography, as well as cytokine markers of peripheral inflammation and disease-specific symptoms or general symptoms of sickness. METHODS In total, 18 patients with seasonal pollen allergy, 18 patients with RA and 26 healthy controls were included in the study. Allergy patients and matched controls were assessed twice, in and out of pollen season, and RA patients and controls were assessed once. Sleep was recorded for approximately 1 week at each occasion. RESULTS Patients with allergy had increased levels of slow-wave sleep during pollen season. In contrast, patients with RA had less SWS compared to healthy controls, while no differences were observed in sleep duration or subjective sleep quality. Across groups, neither proinflammatory cytokines, grey matter TSPO levels nor general sickness symptoms were associated with objective or subjective measures of sleep. Rhinitis, but not conjunctivitis, was correlated to worse subjective sleep and more slow wave sleep in allergy. Functional status, but not disease activity, predicted lower subjective sleep in RA. CONCLUSION This study tentatively indicates that both patients with allergy and RA display sleep alterations but does not support inflammation as an independent predictor of the sleep disturbance across these patient groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Tamm
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Stress Research Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Catarina Lensmar
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Andreasson
- Stress Research Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - John Axelsson
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Stress Research Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anton Forsberg Morén
- Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, & Stockholm Health Care Services,Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Johan Grunewald
- Department of Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Pär Gyllfors
- Asthma & Allergy Clinic at S:t Görans Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Bianka Karshikoff
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Stress Research Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Eva Kosek
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jon Lampa
- Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Unit, Center of Molecular Medicine (CMM), Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Caroline Olgart Höglund
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Victoria Strand
- Asthma & Allergy Clinic at S:t Görans Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Simon Cervenka
- Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, & Stockholm Health Care Services,Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mats Lekander
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Stress Research Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
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12
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Koba C, Notaro G, Tamm S, Nilsonne G, Hasson U. Spontaneous eye movements during eyes-open rest reduce resting-state-network modularity by increasing visual-sensorimotor connectivity. Netw Neurosci 2021; 5:451-476. [PMID: 34189373 PMCID: PMC8233114 DOI: 10.1162/netn_a_00186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
During wakeful rest, individuals make small eye movements during fixation. We examined how these endogenously driven oculomotor patterns impact topography and topology of functional brain networks. We used a dataset consisting of eyes-open resting-state (RS) fMRI data with simultaneous eye tracking. The eye-tracking data indicated minor movements during rest, which correlated modestly with RS BOLD data. However, eye-tracking data correlated well with echo-planar imaging time series sampled from the area of the eye-orbit (EO-EPI), which is a signal previously used to identify eye movements during exogenous saccades and movie viewing. Further analyses showed that EO-EPI data were correlated with activity in an extensive motor and sensorimotor network, including components of the dorsal attention network and the frontal eye fields. Partialling out variance related to EO-EPI from RS data reduced connectivity, primarily between sensorimotor and visual areas. It also produced networks with higher modularity, lower mean connectivity strength, and lower mean clustering coefficient. Our results highlight new aspects of endogenous eye movement control during wakeful rest. They show that oculomotor-related contributions form an important component of RS network topology, and that those should be considered in interpreting differences in network structure between populations or as a function of different experimental conditions. We studied how subtle eye movements made during fixation, in absence of any other task, are related to resting-state connectivity measured using fMRI. We used a dataset for which eye tracking and BOLD resting-state were acquired simultaneously. We correlated brain activity with both eye-tracking metrics as well as time series sampled from the area of the eye orbits (EO-EPI). Eye-tracking data correlated well with the EO-EPI data. Furthermore, EO-EPI correlated with BOLD signal in sensorimotor and visual brain systems. Removing variance related to EO-EPI reduced connectivity between sensorimotor and visual areas and resulted in more modular resting-state networks. Our findings show that oculomotor-related contributions are an important component of resting-state network topology, and that they can be studied using EPI data from the eye orbits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cemal Koba
- MoMiLab Research Unit, IMT School for Advanced Studies Lucca, Lucca, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Notaro
- Center for Mind/Brain Sciences (CIMeC), The University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Sandra Tamm
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Gustav Nilsonne
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Uri Hasson
- Center for Mind/Brain Sciences (CIMeC), The University of Trento, Trento, Italy
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13
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Sharman R, Tamm S, Hill EA. Factors influencing the discrepancy between subjective and objective sleep: a missed opportunity? J Clin Sleep Med 2021; 17:2129-2130. [PMID: 33949946 DOI: 10.5664/jcsm.9398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Sharman
- Sleep and Circadian Neuroscience Institute, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, UK
| | - Sandra Tamm
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, UK.,Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Sweden
| | - Elizabeth A Hill
- Sleep and Circadian Neuroscience Institute, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, UK
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14
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Nilsonne G, Tamm S, Golkar A, Olsson A, Sörman K, Howner K, Kristiansson M, Ingvar M, Petrovic P. Oxazepam and cognitive reappraisal: A randomised experiment. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0249065. [PMID: 33886568 PMCID: PMC8061924 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0249065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cognitive reappraisal is a strategy for emotional regulation, important in the context of anxiety disorders. It is not known whether anxiolytic effects of benzodiazepines affect cognitive reappraisal. Aims We aimed to investigate the effect of 25 mg oxazepam on cognitive reappraisal. Methods In a preliminary investigation, 33 healthy male volunteers were randomised to oxazepam or placebo, and then underwent an experiment where they were asked to use cognitive reappraisal to upregulate or downregulate their emotional response to images with negative or neutral emotional valence. We recorded unpleasantness ratings, skin conductance, superciliary corrugator muscle activity, and heart rate. Participants completed rating scales measuring empathy (Interpersonal Reactivity Index, IRI), anxiety (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, STAI), alexithymia (Toronto Alexithymia Scale-20, TAS-20), and psychopathy (Psychopathy Personality Inventory-Revised, PPI-R). Results Upregulation to negative-valence images in the cognitive reappraisal task caused increased unpleasantness ratings, corrugator activity, and heart rate compared to downregulation. Upregulation to both negative- and neutral-valence images caused increased skin conductance responses. Oxazepam caused lower unpleasantness ratings to negative-valence stimuli, but did not interact with reappraisal instruction on any outcome. Self-rated trait empathy was associated with stronger responses to negative-valence stimuli, whereas self-rated psychopathic traits were associated with weaker responses to negative-valence stimuli. Conclusions While 25 mg oxazepam caused lower unpleasantness ratings in response to negative-valence images, we did not observe an effect of 25 mg oxazepam on cognitive reappraisal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustav Nilsonne
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
- * E-mail:
| | - Sandra Tamm
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, England
| | - Armita Golkar
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Andreas Olsson
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Karolina Sörman
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Katarina Howner
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Martin Ingvar
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Predrag Petrovic
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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15
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Haarsma J, Harmer CJ, Tamm S. A continuum hypothesis of psychotomimetic rapid antidepressants. Brain Neurosci Adv 2021; 5:23982128211007772. [PMID: 34017922 PMCID: PMC8114748 DOI: 10.1177/23982128211007772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Ketamine, classical psychedelics and sleep deprivation are associated with rapid effects on depression. Interestingly, these interventions also have common psychotomimetic actions, mirroring aspects of psychosis such as an altered sense of self, perceptual distortions and distorted thinking. This raises the question whether these interventions might be acute antidepressants through the same mechanisms that underlie some of their psychotomimetic effects. That is, perhaps some symptoms of depression can be understood as occupying the opposite end of a spectrum where elements of psychosis can be found on the other side. This review aims at reviewing the evidence underlying a proposed continuum hypothesis of psychotomimetic rapid antidepressants, suggesting that a range of psychotomimetic interventions are also acute antidepressants as well as trying to explain these common features in a hierarchical predictive coding framework, where we hypothesise that these interventions share a common mechanism by increasing the flexibility of prior expectations. Neurobiological mechanisms at play and the role of different neuromodulatory systems affected by these interventions and their role in controlling the precision of prior expectations and new sensory evidence will be reviewed. The proposed hypothesis will also be discussed in relation to other existing theories of antidepressants. We also suggest a number of novel experiments to test the hypothesis and highlight research areas that could provide further insights, in the hope to better understand the acute antidepressant properties of these interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joost Haarsma
- Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, University College London, London, UK
| | - Catherine J Harmer
- Department of Psychiatry and Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust, Warneford Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Sandra Tamm
- Department of Psychiatry and Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust, Warneford Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Stress Research Institute, Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
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16
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Tamm S, Schwarz J, Thuné H, Kecklund G, Petrovic P, Åkerstedt T, Fischer H, Lekander M, Nilsonne G. A combined fMRI and EMG study of emotional contagion following partial sleep deprivation in young and older humans. Sci Rep 2020; 10:17944. [PMID: 33087746 PMCID: PMC7578048 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-74489-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Sleep deprivation is proposed to inhibit top-down-control in emotion processing, but it is unclear whether sleep deprivation affects emotional mimicry and contagion. Here, we aimed to investigate effects of partial sleep deprivation on emotional contagion and mimicry in young and older humans. Participants underwent partial sleep deprivation (3 h sleep opportunity at the end of night), crossed-over with a full sleep condition in a balanced order, followed by a functional magnetic resonance imaging and electromyography (EMG) experiment with viewing of emotional and neutral faces and ratings of emotional responses. The final sample for main analyses was n = 69 (n = 36 aged 20–30 years, n = 33 aged 65–75 years). Partial sleep deprivation caused decreased activation in fusiform gyri for angry faces and decreased ratings of happiness for all stimuli, but no significant effect on the amygdala. Older participants reported more anger compared to younger participants, but no age differences were seen in brain responses to emotional faces or sensitivity to partial sleep deprivation. No effect of the sleep manipulation was seen on EMG. In conclusion, emotional contagion, but not mimicry, was affected by sleep deprivation. Our results are consistent with the previously reported increased negativity bias after insufficient sleep. The Stockholm sleepy brain study: effects of sleep deprivation on cognitive and emotional processing in young and old. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02000076.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Tamm
- Stress Research Institute, Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden. .,Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Johanna Schwarz
- Stress Research Institute, Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hanna Thuné
- Department of Psychology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Göran Kecklund
- Stress Research Institute, Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Predrag Petrovic
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Torbjörn Åkerstedt
- Stress Research Institute, Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Håkan Fischer
- Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mats Lekander
- Stress Research Institute, Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gustav Nilsonne
- Stress Research Institute, Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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17
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Previous research has struggled with identifying clear-cut, objective counterparts to subjective distress in insomnia. Approaching this discrepancy with a focus on hyperarousal and dysfunctional affective processes, studies examining brain structures and neural networks involved in affect and arousal are reviewed and conclusions for an updated understanding of insomnia are drawn. RECENT FINDINGS Recent studies found that amygdala reactivity, morphometry and adaptation in insomnia are altered, indicating that processing of negative stimuli is intensified and more lasting. Also, patients with insomnia show aberrant connectivity in the default mode network (DMN) and the salience network (SN), which is associated with subjective sleep disturbances, hyperarousal, maladaptive emotion regulation and disturbed integration of emotional states. The limbic circuit is assumed to play a crucial role in enhanced recall of negative experiences. There is reason to consider insomnia as a disorder of affect and arousal. Dysregulation of the limbic circuit might perpetuate impaired connectivity in the DMN and the SN. However, the interplay between the networks is yet to be researched.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian E Schiel
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Hauptstraße 6, 79104, Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Florian Holub
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Hauptstraße 6, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Roxana Petri
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Hauptstraße 6, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jeanne Leerssen
- Department of Sleep and Cognition, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Integrative Neurophysiology, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research (CNCR), Amsterdam Neuroscience, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sandra Tamm
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Psychiatry, Oxford University, Oxford, UK
| | - Masoud Tahmasian
- Institute of Medical Science and Technology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Dieter Riemann
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Hauptstraße 6, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Kai Spiegelhalder
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Hauptstraße 6, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
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18
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Åkerstedt T, Lekander M, Nilsonne G, Tamm S, d'Onofrio P, Kecklund G, Fischer H, Schwarz J, Petrovic P, Månsson KNT. Gray Matter Volume Correlates of Sleepiness: A Voxel-Based Morphometry Study in Younger and Older Adults. Nat Sci Sleep 2020; 12:289-298. [PMID: 32547279 PMCID: PMC7247733 DOI: 10.2147/nss.s240493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Subjectively experienced sleepiness is a problem in society, possibly linked with gray matter (GM) volume. Given a different sleep pattern, aging may affect such associations, possibly due to shrinking brain volume. PURPOSE The purpose of the present study was to investigate the association between subjectively rated sleepiness and GM volume in thalamus, insula, hippocampus, and orbitofrontal cortex of young and older adults, after a normal night's sleep. METHODS Eighty-four healthy individuals participated (46 aged 20-30 years, and 38 aged 65-75 years). Morphological brain data were collected in a 3T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanner. Sleepiness was rated multiple times during the imaging sessions. RESULTS In older, relative to younger, adults, clusters within bilateral mid-anterior insular cortex and right thalamus were negatively associated with sleepiness. Adjustment for the immediately preceding total sleep time eliminated the significant associations. CONCLUSION Self-rated momentary sleepiness in a monotonous situation appears to be negatively associated with GM volume in clusters within both thalamus and insula in older individuals, and total sleep time seems to play a role in this association. Possibly, this suggests that larger GM volume in these clusters may be protective against sleepiness in older individuals. This notion needs confirmation in further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Torbjörn Åkerstedt
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Stress Research Institute, Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mats Lekander
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Stress Research Institute, Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gustav Nilsonne
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Stress Research Institute, Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sandra Tamm
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Stress Research Institute, Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Paolo d'Onofrio
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Stress Research Institute, Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Göran Kecklund
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Stress Research Institute, Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Håkan Fischer
- Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Johanna Schwarz
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Stress Research Institute, Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Predrag Petrovic
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kristoffer N T Månsson
- Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Center for Lifespan Psychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany.,Max Planck UCL Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research, Berlin, Germany
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19
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Tamm S, Nilsonne G, Schwarz J, Golkar A, Kecklund G, Petrovic P, Fischer H, Åkerstedt T, Lekander M. Sleep restriction caused impaired emotional regulation without detectable brain activation changes-a functional magnetic resonance imaging study. R Soc Open Sci 2019; 6:181704. [PMID: 31032025 PMCID: PMC6458356 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.181704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Sleep restriction has been proposed to cause impaired emotional processing and emotional regulation by inhibiting top-down control from prefrontal cortex to amygdala. Intentional emotional regulation after sleep restriction has, however, never been studied using brain imaging. We aimed here to investigate the effect of partial sleep restriction on emotional regulation through cognitive reappraisal. Forty-seven young (age 20-30) and 33 older (age 65-75) participants (38/23 with complete data and successful sleep intervention) performed a cognitive reappraisal task during fMRI after a night of normal sleep and after restricted sleep (3 h). Emotional downregulation was associated with significantly increased activity in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (p FWE < 0.05) and lateral orbital cortex (p FWE < 0.05) in young, but not in older subjects. Sleep restriction was associated with a decrease in self-reported regulation success to negative stimuli (p < 0.01) and a trend towards perceiving all stimuli as less negative (p = 0.07) in young participants. No effects of sleep restriction on brain activity nor connectivity were found in either age group. In conclusion, our data do not support the idea of a prefrontal-amygdala disconnect after sleep restriction, and neural mechanisms underlying behavioural effects on emotional regulation after insufficient sleep require further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Tamm
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Nobels väg 9, Stockholm 171 77, Sweden
- Stress Research Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gustav Nilsonne
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Nobels väg 9, Stockholm 171 77, Sweden
- Stress Research Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Johanna Schwarz
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Nobels väg 9, Stockholm 171 77, Sweden
- Stress Research Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Armita Golkar
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Nobels väg 9, Stockholm 171 77, Sweden
- Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Göran Kecklund
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Nobels väg 9, Stockholm 171 77, Sweden
- Stress Research Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Predrag Petrovic
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Nobels väg 9, Stockholm 171 77, Sweden
| | - Håkan Fischer
- Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Torbjörn Åkerstedt
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Nobels väg 9, Stockholm 171 77, Sweden
- Stress Research Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mats Lekander
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Nobels väg 9, Stockholm 171 77, Sweden
- Stress Research Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
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20
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Schwarz J, Axelsson J, Gerhardsson A, Tamm S, Fischer H, Kecklund G, Åkerstedt T. Mood impairment is stronger in young than in older adults after sleep deprivation. J Sleep Res 2018; 28:e12801. [PMID: 30585371 PMCID: PMC7379256 DOI: 10.1111/jsr.12801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Revised: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Sleep deprivation commonly impairs affective regulation and causes worse mood. However, the majority of previous research concerns young adults. Because susceptibility to sleep deprivation and emotion regulation change distinctively across adult age, we tested here the hypothesis that the effect of sleep deprivation on mood is stronger in young than in older adults. In an experimental design, young (18–30 years) and older adults (60–72 years) participated in either a sleep control (young, n = 63; older, n = 47) or a total sleep deprivation condition (young, n = 61; older, n = 47). Sleepiness, mood and common symptoms of sleep deprivation were measured using established questionnaires and ratings. Sleep‐deprived participants felt more sleepy, stressed and cold, and reported lower vigour and positive affect, regardless of age. All the other outcome measures (negative affect, depression, confusion, tension, anger, fatigue, total mood disturbance, hunger, cognitive attenuation, irritability) showed a weaker response to sleep deprivation in the older group, as indicated by age*sleep deprivation interactions (ps < 0.05). The results show that older adults are emotionally less affected by sleep deprivation than young adults. This tolerance was mainly related to an attenuated increase in negative mood. This could possibly be related to the well‐known positivity effect, which suggests that older adults prioritize regulating their emotions to optimize well‐being. The results also highlight that caution is warranted when generalizing results from sleep deprivation studies across the adult lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Schwarz
- Stress Research Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - John Axelsson
- Stress Research Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Sandra Tamm
- Stress Research Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Håkan Fischer
- Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Göran Kecklund
- Stress Research Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Torbjörn Åkerstedt
- Stress Research Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
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21
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Hyde R, Gyulumyan L, Alfeis N, Tamm S, Stanke F, Dopfer C, Tümmler B. EPS2.07 Intestinal current and nasal potential difference index cases: diagnostic features of subjects with CFTR-related disorder. J Cyst Fibros 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(18)30244-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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22
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Akerstedt T, Lekander M, Nilsonne G, Tamm S, d’Onofrio P, Kecklund G, Fischer H, Petrovic P, Månsson KN. 0149 Gray Matter Volume Correlates Of Sleepiness: A Voxel-based Morphometry Study In Younger And Older Adults. Sleep 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsy061.148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- T Akerstedt
- Karolinska institute, Stockholm, SWEDEN
- Stockholm University, Stockholm, SWEDEN
| | - M Lekander
- Karolinska institute, Stockholm, SWEDEN
- Stockholm University, Stockholm, SWEDEN
| | - G Nilsonne
- Stockholm University, Stockholm, SWEDEN
- Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, SWEDEN
| | - S Tamm
- Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, SWEDEN
| | | | | | - H Fischer
- Stockholm University, Stockholm, SWEDEN
| | | | - K N Månsson
- Stockholm University, Stockholm, SWEDEN
- Karolinska institute, Stockholm, SWEDEN
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23
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Åkerstedt T, Lekander M, Nilsonne G, Tamm S, D'onofrio P, Kecklund G, Fischer H, Schwarz J. Effects of late-night short-sleep on in-home polysomnography: relation to adult age and sex. J Sleep Res 2017; 27:e12626. [PMID: 29082633 DOI: 10.1111/jsr.12626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 09/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Bedtime is frequently delayed by many factors in life, and a homeostatic response to the delay may compensate partly for increased time awake and shortened sleep. Because sleep becomes shorter with age and women complain of disturbed sleep more often than men, age and sex differences in the homeostatic response to a delayed bedtime may modify the homeostatic response. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of late-night short-sleep (3 h with awakening at about 07:00 hours) on in-home recorded sleep in men and women in two age groups (20-30 and 65-75 years). Results (N = 59) showed that late-night short-sleep was associated with an increase in percentage of N3 sleep and a decrease in percentage of rapid eye movement sleep, as well as decreases in several measures of sleep discontinuity and rapid eye movement density. Men showed a smaller decrease in percentage of rapid eye movement sleep than women in response to late-night short-sleep, as did older individuals of both sexes compared with younger. Older men showed a weaker percentage of N3 sleep in response to late-night short-sleep than younger men. In general, men showed a greater percentage of rapid eye movement sleep and a lower percentage of N3 sleep than women, and older individuals showed a lower percentage of N3 sleep than younger. In particular, older men showed very low levels of percentage of N3 sleep. We conclude that older males show less of a homeostatic response to late-night short-sleep. This may be an indication of impaired capacity for recovery in older men. Future studies should investigate if this pattern can be linked to gender-associated differences in morbidity and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Torbjörn Åkerstedt
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.,Stress Research Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mats Lekander
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.,Stress Research Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gustav Nilsonne
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.,Stress Research Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sandra Tamm
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Paolo D'onofrio
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.,Stress Research Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Göran Kecklund
- Stress Research Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Håkan Fischer
- Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Johanna Schwarz
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.,Stress Research Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
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24
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Tamm S, Nilsonne G, Schwarz J, Lamm C, Kecklund G, Petrovic P, Fischer H, Åkerstedt T, Lekander M. The effect of sleep restriction on empathy for pain: An fMRI study in younger and older adults. Sci Rep 2017; 7:12236. [PMID: 28947790 PMCID: PMC5612991 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-12098-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Age and sleep both affect emotional functioning. Since sleep patterns change over the lifespan, we investigated the effects of short sleep and age on empathic responses. In a randomized cross-over experimental design, healthy young and older volunteers (n = 47 aged 20–30 years and n = 39 aged 65–75 years) underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) after normal sleep or night sleep restricted to 3 hours. During fMRI, participants viewed pictures of needles pricking a hand (pain) or Q-tips touching a hand (control), a well-established paradigm to investigate empathy for pain. There was no main effect of sleep restriction on empathy. However, age and sleep interacted so that sleep restriction caused increased unpleasantness in older but not in young participants. Irrespective of sleep condition, older participants showed increased activity in angular gyrus, superior temporal sulcus and temporo-parietal junction compared to young. Speculatively, this could indicate that the older individuals adopted a more cognitive approach in response to others’ pain. Our findings suggest that caution in generalizability across age groups is needed in further studies of sleep on social cognition and emotion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Tamm
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. .,Stress Research Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Gustav Nilsonne
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Stress Research Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Johanna Schwarz
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Stress Research Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Claus Lamm
- Social, Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience Unit, Department of Basic Psychological Research and Research Methods, Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Göran Kecklund
- Stress Research Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.,Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud Universiteit, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Predrag Petrovic
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Håkan Fischer
- Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Torbjörn Åkerstedt
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Stress Research Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mats Lekander
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Stress Research Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
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25
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Nilsonne G, Tamm S, Schwarz J, Almeida R, Fischer H, Kecklund G, Lekander M, Fransson P, Åkerstedt T. Intrinsic brain connectivity after partial sleep deprivation in young and older adults: results from the Stockholm Sleepy Brain study. Sci Rep 2017; 7:9422. [PMID: 28842597 PMCID: PMC5573389 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-09744-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sleep deprivation has been reported to affect intrinsic brain connectivity, notably reducing connectivity in the default mode network. Studies to date have however shown inconsistent effects, in many cases lacked monitoring of wakefulness, and largely included young participants. We investigated effects of sleep deprivation on intrinsic brain connectivity in young and older participants. Participants aged 20–30 (final n = 30) and 65–75 (final n = 23) years underwent partial sleep deprivation (3 h sleep) in a cross-over design, with two 8-minutes eyes-open resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) runs in each session, monitored by eye-tracking. We assessed intrinsic brain connectivity using independent components analysis (ICA) as well as seed-region analyses of functional connectivity, and also analysed global signal variability, regional homogeneity, and the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations. Sleep deprivation caused increased global signal variability. Changes in investigated resting state networks and in regional homogeneity were not statistically significant. Younger participants had higher connectivity in most examined networks, as well as higher regional homogeneity in areas including anterior and posterior cingulate cortex. In conclusion, we found that sleep deprivation caused increased global signal variability, and we speculate that this may be caused by wake-state instability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustav Nilsonne
- Stockholm University, Stress Research Institute, Stockholm, Sweden. .,Karolinska Institutet, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Sandra Tamm
- Stockholm University, Stress Research Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.,Karolinska Institutet, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Johanna Schwarz
- Stockholm University, Stress Research Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.,Karolinska Institutet, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Rita Almeida
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Neuroscience, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Håkan Fischer
- Stockholm University, Department of Psychology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Göran Kecklund
- Stockholm University, Stress Research Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mats Lekander
- Stockholm University, Stress Research Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.,Karolinska Institutet, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Peter Fransson
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Torbjörn Åkerstedt
- Stockholm University, Stress Research Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.,Karolinska Institutet, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Stockholm, Sweden
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26
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Nilsonne G, Tamm S, Schwarz J, Almeida R, Fischer H, Kecklund G, Lekander M, Fransson P, Åkerstedt T. 0107 INCREASED GLOBAL FMRI SIGNAL VARIABILITY AFTER PARTIAL SLEEP DEPRIVATION: FINDINGS FROM THE STOCKHOLM SLEEPY BRAIN STUDY. Sleep 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/sleepj/zsx050.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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27
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Nilsonne G, Tamm S, Golkar A, Sörman K, Howner K, Kristiansson M, Olsson A, Ingvar M, Petrovic P. Effects of 25 mg oxazepam on emotional mimicry and empathy for pain: a randomized controlled experiment. R Soc Open Sci 2017. [PMID: 28405353 DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1558201.v3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Emotional mimicry and empathy are mechanisms underlying social interaction. Benzodiazepines have been proposed to inhibit empathy and promote antisocial behaviour. First, we aimed to investigate the effects of oxazepam on emotional mimicry and empathy for pain, and second, we aimed to investigate the association of personality traits to emotional mimicry and empathy. Participants (n=76) were randomized to 25 mg oxazepam or placebo. Emotional mimicry was examined using video clips with emotional expressions. Empathy was investigated by pain stimulating the participant and a confederate. We recorded self-rated experience, activity in major zygomatic and superciliary corrugator muscles, skin conductance, and heart rate. In the mimicry experiment, oxazepam inhibited corrugator activity. In the empathy experiment, oxazepam caused increased self-rated unpleasantness and skin conductance. However, oxazepam specifically inhibited neither emotional mimicry nor empathy for pain. Responses in both experiments were associated with self-rated empathic, psychopathic and alexithymic traits. The present results do not support a specific effect of 25 mg oxazepam on emotional mimicry or empathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustav Nilsonne
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Stress Research Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sandra Tamm
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Stress Research Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Armita Golkar
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Karolina Sörman
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience , Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Katarina Howner
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience , Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Andreas Olsson
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience , Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Martin Ingvar
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Neuroradiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm Sweden
| | - Predrag Petrovic
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience , Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm, Sweden
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28
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Nilsonne G, Tamm S, Golkar A, Sörman K, Howner K, Kristiansson M, Olsson A, Ingvar M, Petrovic P. Effects of 25 mg oxazepam on emotional mimicry and empathy for pain: a randomized controlled experiment. R Soc Open Sci 2017; 4:160607. [PMID: 28405353 PMCID: PMC5383810 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.160607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2016] [Accepted: 02/10/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Emotional mimicry and empathy are mechanisms underlying social interaction. Benzodiazepines have been proposed to inhibit empathy and promote antisocial behaviour. First, we aimed to investigate the effects of oxazepam on emotional mimicry and empathy for pain, and second, we aimed to investigate the association of personality traits to emotional mimicry and empathy. Participants (n=76) were randomized to 25 mg oxazepam or placebo. Emotional mimicry was examined using video clips with emotional expressions. Empathy was investigated by pain stimulating the participant and a confederate. We recorded self-rated experience, activity in major zygomatic and superciliary corrugator muscles, skin conductance, and heart rate. In the mimicry experiment, oxazepam inhibited corrugator activity. In the empathy experiment, oxazepam caused increased self-rated unpleasantness and skin conductance. However, oxazepam specifically inhibited neither emotional mimicry nor empathy for pain. Responses in both experiments were associated with self-rated empathic, psychopathic and alexithymic traits. The present results do not support a specific effect of 25 mg oxazepam on emotional mimicry or empathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustav Nilsonne
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Stress Research Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sandra Tamm
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Stress Research Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Armita Golkar
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Karolina Sörman
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Katarina Howner
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Andreas Olsson
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Martin Ingvar
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Neuroradiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm Sweden
| | - Predrag Petrovic
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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29
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Sörman K, Nilsonne G, Howner K, Tamm S, Caman S, Wang HX, Ingvar M, Edens JF, Gustavsson P, Lilienfeld SO, Petrovic P, Fischer H, Kristiansson M. Reliability and Construct Validity of the Psychopathic Personality Inventory-Revised in a Swedish Non-Criminal Sample - A Multimethod Approach including Psychophysiological Correlates of Empathy for Pain. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0156570. [PMID: 27300292 PMCID: PMC4907435 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0156570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2015] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cross-cultural investigation of psychopathy measures is important for clarifying the nomological network surrounding the psychopathy construct. The Psychopathic Personality Inventory-Revised (PPI-R) is one of the most extensively researched self-report measures of psychopathic traits in adults. To date however, it has been examined primarily in North American criminal or student samples. To address this gap in the literature, we examined PPI-R's reliability, construct validity and factor structure in non-criminal individuals (N = 227) in Sweden, using a multimethod approach including psychophysiological correlates of empathy for pain. PPI-R construct validity was investigated in subgroups of participants by exploring its degree of overlap with (i) the Psychopathy Checklist: Screening Version (PCL:SV), (ii) self-rated empathy and behavioral and physiological responses in an experiment on empathy for pain, and (iii) additional self-report measures of alexithymia and trait anxiety. The PPI-R total score was significantly associated with PCL:SV total and factor scores. The PPI-R Coldheartedness scale demonstrated significant negative associations with all empathy subscales and with rated unpleasantness and skin conductance responses in the empathy experiment. The PPI-R higher order Self-Centered Impulsivity and Fearless Dominance dimensions were associated with trait anxiety in opposite directions (positively and negatively, respectively). Overall, the results demonstrated solid reliability (test-retest and internal consistency) and promising but somewhat mixed construct validity for the Swedish translation of the PPI-R.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Sörman
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gustav Nilsonne
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
- Stress Research Institute, Stockholm University, SE-106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Katarina Howner
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sandra Tamm
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
- Stress Research Institute, Stockholm University, SE-106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Shilan Caman
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hui-Xin Wang
- Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, SE-113 30, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Martin Ingvar
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - John F. Edens
- Department of Psychology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, United States of America
| | - Petter Gustavsson
- Department of Psychology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Scott O Lilienfeld
- Department of Psychology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, United States of America
| | - Predrag Petrovic
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Håkan Fischer
- Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, SE-106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marianne Kristiansson
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
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30
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Sandler H, Tamm S, Fendel U, Rose M, Klapp BF, Bösel R. Positive Emotional Experience: Induced by Vibroacoustic Stimulation Using a Body Monochord in Patients with Psychosomatic Disorders: Is Associated with an Increase in EEG-Theta and a Decrease in EEG-Alpha Power. Brain Topogr 2016; 29:524-38. [PMID: 26936595 DOI: 10.1007/s10548-016-0480-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2014] [Accepted: 02/19/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Relaxation and meditation techniques are generally characterized by focusing attention, which is associated with an increase of frontal EEG Theta. Some studies on music perception suggest an activation of Frontal Midline Theta during emotionally positive attribution, others display a lateralization of electrocortical processes in the attribution of music induced emotion of different valence. The present study examined the effects of vibroacoustic stimulation using a Body Monochord and the conventional relaxation music from an audio CD on the spontaneous EEG of patients suffering from psychosomatic disorders (N = 60). Each treatment took about 20 min and was presented to the patients in random order. Subjective experience was recorded via self-rating scale. EEG power spectra of the Theta, Alpha-1 and Alpha-2 bands were analysed and compard between the two treatment conditions. There was no lateralization of electrocortical activity in terms of the emotional experience of the musical pieces. A reduction in Alpha-2 power occurred during both treatments. An emotionally positive attribution of the experience of the vibroacoustically induced relaxation state is characterized by a more pronounced release of control. In the context of focused attention this is interpreted as flow experience. The spontaneous EEG showed an increase in Theta power, particularly in the frontal medial and central medial area, and a greater reduction in Alpha-2 power. The intensity of positive emotional feelings during the CD music showed no significant effect on the increase in Theta power.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Sandler
- Department for General Internal and Psychosomatic Medicine, Charité Universiätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
| | - S Tamm
- Center of Applied Neuroscience, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - U Fendel
- Department for General Internal and Psychosomatic Medicine, Charité Universiätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - M Rose
- Department for General Internal and Psychosomatic Medicine, Charité Universiätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - B F Klapp
- Department for General Internal and Psychosomatic Medicine, Charité Universiätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - R Bösel
- International Psychoanalytic University Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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31
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Nilsonne G, Renberg A, Tamm S, Lekander M. Health at the ballot box: disease threat does not predict attractiveness preference in British politicians. R Soc Open Sci 2016; 3:160049. [PMID: 27069671 PMCID: PMC4821282 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.160049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 02/23/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
According to disease avoidance theory, selective pressures have shaped adaptive behaviours to avoid people who might transmit infections. Such behavioural immune defence strategies may have social and societal consequences. Attractiveness is perceived as a heuristic cue of good health, and the relative importance of attractiveness is predicted to increase during high disease threat. Here, we investigated whether politicians' attractiveness is more important for electoral success when disease threat is high, in an effort to replicate earlier findings from the USA. We performed a cross-sectional study of 484 members of the House of Commons from England and Wales. Publicly available sexiness ratings (median 5883 ratings/politician) were regressed on measures of disease burden, operationalized as infant mortality, life expectancy and self-rated health. Infant mortality in parliamentary constituencies did not significantly predict sexiness of elected members of parliament (p = 0.08), nor did life expectancy (p = 0.06), nor self-rated health (p = 0.55). Subsample analyses failed to provide further support for the hypothesis. In conclusion, an attractive leader effect was not amplified by disease threat in the UK and these results did not replicate those of earlier studies from the USA concerning the relationship between attractiveness, disease threat and voting preference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustav Nilsonne
- Stress Research Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Osher Center for Integrative Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Adam Renberg
- Stress Research Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sandra Tamm
- Stress Research Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Osher Center for Integrative Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mats Lekander
- Stress Research Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Osher Center for Integrative Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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32
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Abstract
Leukocyte telomere length has been shown to correlate to hippocampus volume, but effect estimates differ in magnitude and are not uniformly positive. This study aimed primarily to investigate the relationship between leukocyte telomere length and hippocampus gray matter volume by meta-analysis and secondarily to investigate possible effect moderators. Five studies were included with a total of 2107 participants, of which 1960 were contributed by one single influential study. A random-effects meta-analysis estimated the effect to r = 0.12 [95% CI -0.13, 0.37] in the presence of heterogeneity and a subjectively estimated moderate to high risk of bias. There was no evidence that apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype was an effect moderator, nor that the ratio of leukocyte telomerase activity to telomere length was a better predictor than leukocyte telomere length for hippocampus volume. This meta-analysis, while not proving a positive relationship, also is not able to disprove the earlier finding of a positive correlation in the one large study included in analyses. We propose that a relationship between leukocyte telomere length and hippocamus volume may be mediated by transmigrating monocytes which differentiate into microglia in the brain parenchyma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustav Nilsonne
- Stress Research Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sandra Tamm
- Stress Research Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kristoffer N. T. Månsson
- Department of Behavioural Sciences and Learning, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- PRIMA Psychiatry, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Torbjörn Åkerstedt
- Stress Research Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mats Lekander
- Stress Research Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Awah C, Tamm S, Hedtfeld S, Tümmler B, Stanke F. Functional analysis of regulatory variants that determine the outcome of the monogenic disease cystic fibrosis. Pneumologie 2014. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1376784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Rudolph P, Schubert C, Tamm S, Heidorn K, Hauschild A, Michalska I, Majewski S, Krupp G, Jablonska S, Parwaresch R. Telomerase activity in melanocytic lesions: A potential marker of tumor biology. Am J Pathol 2000; 156:1425-32. [PMID: 10751366 PMCID: PMC1876875 DOI: 10.1016/s0002-9440(10)65011-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/07/1999] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Telomerase activation, being a cardinal requirement for immortalization, is a crucial step in the development of malignancy. With a view toward diagnostic and biological aspects in melanocytic neoplasia, we investigated the relative levels of telomerase activity in 72 nevi and 16 malignant melanomas by means of a modified telomeric repeat amplification protocol (TRAP) assay, including an internal amplification standard. We further compared telomerase activity with the expression of two different proliferation-specific proteins, Ki-67 and repp86, a protein expressed exclusively in the cell cycle phases S, G2, and M. Telomerase activity was associated with the overall growth fraction (Ki-67) but showed a closer correlation with the expression of repp86. Both telomerase activity and proliferation indices discriminated clearly between malignant melanomas and nevi, but not between common and dysplastic nevi. Nonetheless, a portion of nevi exhibited markedly elevated telomerase activity levels without proportionally increased proliferation. This was independent of discernible morphological changes. Clinicopathological correlations showed an association between high telomerase activity and early metastatic spread in melanomas, linking telomerase to tumor biology. Our results provide arguments in favor of an occasional progression from nevi to melanomas and imply that proliferation measurements in combination with telomerase assays may help to elicit early malignant transformation that is undetectable by conventional morphology.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Rudolph
- Department of Pathology, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany.
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Järve K, Peusha HO, Tsymbalova J, Tamm S, Devos KM, Enno TM. Chromosomal location of a Triticum timopheevii--derived powdery mildew resistance gene transferred to common wheat. Genome 2000; 43:377-81. [PMID: 10791827 DOI: 10.1139/g99-141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A dominant powdery mildew resistance gene introduced from Triticum timopheevii in line 146-155-T of common wheat, Triticum aestivum, was located on chromosome 6B by monosomic analysis. Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) and microsatellite analyses detected the presence of a T. timopheevii segment, translocated to chromosome 6B, with breakpoints between the loci Xpsr8/Xpsr964 on 6BS and Xpsr154/Xpsr546 on 6BL. The novel powdery mildew resistance gene, which has been designated Pm27, was shown to cosegregate with the microsatellite locus Xpsp3131, which is located on the introgressed T. timopheevii segment. The molecular data confirm the location of Pm27 on the translocated 6B chromosome.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Järve
- Institute of Experimental Biology at the Estonian Agricultural University, Harku.
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Järve K, Peusha H, Tsymbalova J, Tamm S, Devos K, Enno T. Chromosomal location of a Triticum timopheevii - derived powdery mildew resistance gene transferred to common wheat. Genome 2000. [DOI: 10.1139/gen-43-2-377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Rowland FS, Blake DR, Larsen BR, Lindskog A, Peterson PJ, Williams WP, Wallington TJ, Pilling MJ, Carslaw N, Creasey DJ, Heard DE, Jacobs P, Lee J, Lewis AC, McQuaid JB, Stockwell WR, Frank H, Sacco P, Cocheo V, Lynge E, Andersen A, Nilsson R, Barlow L, Pukkala E, Nordlinder R, Boffetta P, Grandjean P, Heikkil P, Hürte LG, Jakobsson R, Lundberg I, Moen B, Partanen T, Riise T, Borowiak A, De Saeger E, Schnitzler KG, Gravenhorst G, Jacobi HW, Moelders S, Lammel G, Busch G, Beese FO, Dentener FJ, Feichter J, Fraedrich K, Roelofs GJ, Friedrich R, Reis S, Voehringer F, Simpson D, Moussiopoulos N, Sahm P, Tourlou PM, Salmons R, Papameletiou D, Maqueda JM, Suhr PB, Bell W, Paton-Walsh C, Woods PT, Partridge RH, Slemr J, Slemr F, Schmidbauer N, Ravishankara AR, Jenkin ME, de Leeuw G, van Eijk AM, Flossmann AI, Wobrock W, Mestayer PG, Tranchant B, Ljungström E, Karlsson R, Larsen SE, Roemer M, Builtjes PJ, Koffi B, Koffi EN, De Saeger E, Ro-Poulsen H, Mikkelsen TN, Hummelshøj P, Hovmand MF, Simoneit BR, van der Meulen A, Meyer MB, Berndt T, Böge O, Stratmann F, Cass GR, Harrison RM, Shi JP, Hoffmann T, Warscheid B, Bandur R, Marggraf U, Nigge W, Kamens R, Jang M, Strommen M, Chien CJ, Leach K, Ammann M, Kalberer M, Arens F, Lavanchy V, Gâggeler HW, Baltensperger U, Davies JA, Cox RA, Alonso SG, Pastor RP, Argüello GA, Willner H, Berndt T, Böge O, Bogillo VI, Pokrovskiy VA, Kuraev OV, Gozhyk PF, Bolzacchini E, Bruschi M, Fantucci P, Meinardi S, Orlandi M, Rindone B, Bolzacchini E, Bohn B, Rindone B, Bruschi M, Zetzsch C, Brussol C, Duane M, Larsen B, Carlier P, Kotzias D, Caracena AB, Aznar AM, Ferradás EG, Christensen CS, Skov H, Hummelshøj P, Jensen NO, Lohse C, Cocheo V, Sacco P, Chatzis C, Cocheo V, Sacco P, Boaretto C, Quaglio F, Zaratin L, Pagani D, Cocheo L, Cocheo V, Asnar AM, Baldan A, Ballesta PP, Boaretto C, Caracena AB, Ferradas EG, Gonzalez-Flesca N, Goelen E, Hansen AB, Sacco P, De Saeger E, Skov H, Consonni V, Gramatica P, Santagostino A, Galvani P, Bolzacchini E, Consonni V, Gramatica P, Todeschini R, Dippel G, Reinhardt H, Zellner R, Dämmer K, Bednarek G, Breil M, Zellner R, Febo A, Allegrini I, Giliberti C, Perrino C, Fogg PG, Geiger H, Barnes I, Becker KH, Maurer T, Geyskens F, Bormans R, Lambrechts M, Goelen E, Giese M, Frank H, Glasius M, Hornung P, Jacobsen JK, Klausen HS, Klitgaard KC, Møller CK, Petersen AP, Petersen LS, Wessel S, Hansen TS, Lohse C, Boaretto E, Heinemeier J, Glasius M, Di Bella D, Lahaniati M, Calogirou A, Jensen NR, Hjorth J, Kotzias D, Larsen BR, Gonzalez-Flesca N, Cicolella A, Bates M, Bastin E, Gurbanov MA, Akhmedly KM, Balayev VS, Haselmann KF, Ketola R, Laturnus F, Lauritsen FR, Grøn C, Herrmann H, Ervens B, Reese A, Umschlag T, Wicktor F, Zellner R, Herrmann H, Umschlag T, Müller K, Bolzacchini E, Meinardi S, Rindone B, Jenkin ME, Hayman GD, Jensen NO, Courtney M, Hummelshøj P, Christensen CS, Larsen BR, Johnson MS, Hegelund F, Nelander B, Kirchner F, Klotz B, Barnes I, Sørensen S, Becker KH, Etzkorn T, Platt U, Wirtz K, Martín-Reviejo M, Laturnus F, Martinez E, Cabañas B, Aranda A, Martín P, Salgado S, Rodriguez D, Masclet P, Jaffrezo JL, Hillamo R, Mellouki A, Le Calvé S, Le Bras G, Moriarty J, O'Donnell S, Wenger J, Sidebottom H, Mingarrol MT, Cosin S, Pastor RP, Alonso SG, Sanz MJ, Bravo I, Gonzalez D, Pérez MA, Mustafaev I, Mammadova S, Noda J, Hallquist M, Langer S, Ljungström E, Nohara K, Kutsuna S, Ibusuki T, Oehme M, Kölliker S, Brombacher S, Merz L, Pastor RP, Alonso SG, Cabezas AQ, Peeters J, Vereecken L, El Yazal J, Pfeffer HU, Breuer L, Platz J, Nielsen OJ, Sehested J, Wallington TJ, Ball JC, Hurley MD, Straccia AM, Schneider WF, Pérez-Casany MP, Nebot-Gil I, Sánchez-Marín J, Putz E, Folberth G, Pfister G, Weissflog L, Elansky NP, Sørensen S, Barnes I, Becker KH, Shao M, Heiden AC, Kley D, Rockel P, Wildt J, Silva GV, Vasconcelos MT, Fernandes EO, Santos AM, Skov H, Hansen A, Løfstrøm P, Lorenzen G, Stabel JR, Wolkoff P, Pedersen T, Strom AB, Skov H, Hertel O, Jensen FP, Hjorth J, Galle B, Wallin S, Theloke J, Libuda HG, Zabel F, Touaty M, Bonsang B, Ullerstam M, Langer S, Ljungström E, Wenger J, Bonard A, Manning M, Nolan S, O'Sullivan N, Sidebottom H, Wenger J, Collins E, Moriarty J, O'Donnell S, Sidebottom H, Wenger J, Collins E, Moriarty J, O'Donnell S, Sidebottom H, Wenger J, Sidebottom H, Chadwick P, O'Leary B, Treacy J, Wolkoff P, Clausen PA, Wilkins CK, Hougaard KS, Nielsen GD, Zilinskis V, Jansons G, Peksens A, Lazdins A, Arinci YV, Erdöl N, Ekinci E, Okutan H, Manlafalioglu I, Bakeas EB, Siskos PA, Viras LG, Smirnioudi VN, Bottenheim JW, Biesenthal T, Gong W, Makar P, Delmas V, Menard T, Tatry V, Moussafir J, Thomas D, Coppalle A, Ellermann T, Hertel O, Skov H, Frohn L, Manscher OH, Friis J, Girgzdiene R, Girgzdys A, Gurevich NA, Gårdfeldt K, Langer S, Hermans C, Vandaele AC, Carleer M, Fally S, Colin R, Bernath PF, Jenouvrier A, Coquart B, Mérienne MF, Hertel O, Frohn L, Skov H, Ellermann T, Huntrieser H, Schlager H, Feigl C, Kemp K, Palmgren F, Kiilsholm S, Rasmussen A, Sørensen JH, Klemm O, Lange H, Larsen RW, Larsen NW, Nicolaisen F, Sørensen GO, Beukes JA, Larsen PB, Jensen SS, Fenger J, de Leeuw G, Kunz G, Cohen L, Schlünzen H, Muller F, Schulz M, Tamm S, Geernaert G, Hertel O, Pedersen B, Geernaert LL, Lund S, Vignati E, Jickells T, Spokes L, Matei C, Jinga OA, Jinga DC, Moliner R, Braekman-Danheux C, Fontana A, Suelves I, Thieman T, Vassilev S, Skov H, Hertel O, Zlatev Z, Brandt J, Bastrup-Birk A, Ellermann T, Frohn L, Vandaele AC, Hermans C, Carleer M, Tsouli A, Colin R, Windsperger AM, Turi K, Dworak O, Zellweger C, Weingartner E, Rüttimann R, Hofer P, Baltensperger U, Ziv A, Iakovleva E, Palmgren F, Berkovicz R, Skov H, Alastuey A, Querol X, Chaves A, Lopez-Soler A, Ruiz C, Andrees JM, Allegrini I, Febo A, Giusto M, Angeloni M, Di Filippo P, D'Innocenzio F, Lepore L, Marconi A, Arshinov MY, Belan BD, Davydov DK, Kovaleskii VK, Plotinov AP, Pokrovskii EV, Sklyadneva TK, Tolmachev GN, Arshinov MY, Belan BD, Sklyadneva TK, Behnke W, Elend M, Krüger U, Zetzsch C, Belan BD, Arshinov MY, Davydov DK, Kovalevskii VK, Plotnikov AP, Pokrovskii EV, Rasskazchikova TM, Sklyadneva TK, Tolmachev GN, Belan BD, Arshinov MY, Simonenkov DV, Tolmachev GN, Bilde M, Aker PM, Börensen C, Kirchner U, Scheer V, Vogt R, Ellermann T, Geernaert LL, Pryor SC, Barthelmie RJ, Feilberg A, Nielsen T, Kamens RM, Freitas MC, Marques AP, Reis MA, Alves LC, Ilyinskikh NN, Ilyinskikh IN, Ilyinskikh EN, Johansen K, Stavnsbjerg P, Gabrielsson P, Bak F, Andersen E, Autrup H, Kamens R, Jang M, Strommen M, Leach K, Kirchner U, Scheer V, Börensen C, Vogt R, Igor K, Svjatoslav G, Anatoliy B, Komov IL, Istchenko AA, Lourenço MG, Mactavish D, Sirois A, Masclet P, Jaffrezo JL, van der Meulen A, Milukaite A, Morkunas V, Jurgutis P, Mikelinskiene A, Nielsen T, Feilberg A, Binderup ML, Pineda M, Palacios JM, Garcia E, Cilleruelo C, Moliner R, Popovitcheva OB, Trukhin ME, Persiantseva NM, Buriko Y, Starik AM, Demirdjian B, Suzanne J, Probst TU, Rietz B, Alfassi ZB, Pokrovskiy VA, Zenobi R, Bogatyr'ov VM, Gun'ko VM, Querol X, Alastuey A, Lopez-Soler A, Mantilla E, Plana F, Artiño B, Rauterberg-Wulff A, Israël GW, Rocha TA, Duarte AC, Röhrl A, Lammel G, Spindler G, Müller K, Herrmann H, Strommen MR, Vignati E, de Leeuw G, Berkowicz R. Abstracts of the 6th FECS Conference 1998 Lectures. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 1998; 5:119-96. [PMID: 19002640 DOI: 10.1007/bf02986409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- F S Rowland
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, 92697, California, USA
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Krupp G, Kühne K, Tamm S, Klapper W, Heidorn K, Rott A, Parwaresch R. Molecular basis of artifacts in the detection of telomerase activity and a modified primer for a more robust 'TRAP' assay. Nucleic Acids Res 1997; 25:919-21. [PMID: 9016650 PMCID: PMC146494 DOI: 10.1093/nar/25.4.919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Human somatic cells have essentially no telomerase activity. Telomerase is linked to tumor genesis and is a valuable marker for malignant growth. Extreme paucity of the enzyme neccessitated development of a PCR-based assay, 'telomeric repeat amplification protocol' (TRAP). Unfortunately, this method is not without difficulties. Amplification products are not related to the size of the amplified telomerase products. Furthermore, false positive results can occur, and careful control of reaction conditions is crucial. We analyzed in detail the molecular basis of artifacts. Based on these data, reverse PCR primer was changed and both problems in the TRAP assay were eliminated.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Krupp
- Institut für Hämatopathologie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität Kiel, Kiel, Germany
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Tamm S, Tamm SL. A giant nerve net with multi-effector synapses underlying epithelial adhesive strips in the mouth of Beroë (Ctenophora). J Neurocytol 1995; 24:711-23. [PMID: 7500125 DOI: 10.1007/bf01179820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
We present ultrastructural evidence for the first known example of a giant nerve net in the phylum Ctenophora. The giant fibre system in Beroë underlies paired strips of adherent epithelial cells that run inside the lips. Interlocking actin-lined cell junctions between opposing adhesive strips keep Beroë's large mouth closed while the ctenophore searches for prey. The giant neurons, up to 6-8 microns in diameter, form a continuous lattice-like plexus rich in vesicles, microtubules, and 'presynaptic triads'. A novel feature is that individual giant axons make synaptic contacts with more than one type of effector, i.e. longitudinal muscle fibres and epithelial adhesive cells. Contact of prey with sensory receptors on the lips of Beroë induces rapid disappearance of the actin-lined adhesive cell junctions, and muscular opening of the mouth to ingest prey. Electron microscopy of food-opened mouths shows local thickening of longitudinal muscles and widening of the basal ends of epithelial cells in the adhesive strip, correlated with retraction of the adhesive epithelium into the mesoglea. Addition of 1% Triton X-100 to formaldehyde fixative in the absence of prey also elicits regional thickening of longitudinal muscles at the location of the adhesive strips (visualized by rhodamine-phalloidin staining). The giant neuron system may serve as a final common pathway to rapidly signal disassembly of actin-based junctions between adhesive cells as well as contractions of longitudinal muscles underlying the adhesive strips, thereby enabling Beroë to open its mouth rapidly to engulf prey.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Tamm
- Boston University Marine Program, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA
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Abstract
Ca(2+) plays a key role in the regulation of ciliary and flagellar movement. This article focuses on the initial steps of this regulation: how and where Ca(2+) enters cilia and flagella to trigger specific changes in axonemal motility. This knowledge is fundamental for understanding the sites, molecular targets and mechanisms of action of Ca(2+) within the cilium of flagellum.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Tamm
- Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA
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Tamm S, Wild J, Schönherr U. [Recurrent episcleritis with hyperemia of the external ear As an early symptom of chronic polychondritis]. Klin Monbl Augenheilkd 1993; 203:230-1. [PMID: 8264216 DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1045673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
A 49-year-old patient with relapsing polychondritis, who presented in the first instance to an eye department, is described. The patient had episcleritis, papilloedema and posterior scleritis. Both auricles were red, swollen and tender under pressure. The patient responded well to systemic steroid therapy for two weeks. Relapsing polychondritis is a rare connective tissue disorder. Early diagnosis is important, as progressive disease may cause lesions of vital organs (lung, heart).
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Affiliation(s)
- S Tamm
- Universitätsaugenklinik Erlangen-Nürnberg
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Abstract
We used rhodamine-phalloidin and ultrastructural methods to follow dynamic changes in adhesive cell junctions and associated actin filaments during reversible epithelial adhesion in the mouth of the ctenophore Beroe. A cruising Beroe keeps its mouth closed by interdigitated actin-coated appositions between paired strips of cells lining the lips. The mouth opens rapidly (in 0.2-0.3 s) by muscular action to engulf prey (other ctenophores), then re-seals after ingestion. We found that the interlocking surface architecture of the adhesive cells, including the actin-coated junctions, rapidly disappears after food-induced opening of the mouth. In contrast, forcible separation of the lips in the absence of food rips the junctions, still intact, from the surfaces of the cells. The prey-stimulated loss of adhesive cell junctions and associated actin cytoskeleton is one of the most rapid changes in actin-based junctions yet observed. This system provides unique experimental advantages for investigating the dynamic control of reversible cell adhesions and membrane-associated actin filaments.
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Affiliation(s)
- S L Tamm
- Boston University Marine Program, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA 02543
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Abstract
Cilia with a distal membrane expansion enclosing a coiled end of the axoneme (paddle cilia or discocilia) have been commonly reported in marine invertebrates. We recently showed that paddle cilia in molluscan veligers are artifacts of non-physiological conditions. Here we investigated the possible mechanisms of formation of paddle cilia under hypotonic conditions; particularly, whether a helical conformational change of doublet microtubules induced by Ca or proton flux is responsible. Typical paddle cilia are induced by hypotonic Ca-free solutions at normal or low pH, showing that axonemal coiling does not require Ca influx or proton efflux. In addition, Triton-demembranated straight axonemes do not coil in high Ca solutions. Most decisively, complete removal of paddle ciliary membranes with detergents, but not mere permeabilization, causes immediate uncoiling and straightening of the axonemes to approximately their original length before hypotonic treatment. These findings and other data show that axonemal coiling in paddles is due to membrane tensile stress acting on an elastic axoneme. Light and electron microscopy of paddles show that axonemes coil uniformly toward the direction of the effective stroke (doublets nos 5–6), even when beating is inhibited by sodium azide or glutaraldehyde before hypotonic treatment. This indicates that axonemes possess an intrinsic asymmetry of stiffness within the beat plane, independent of active microtubule sliding. Paddle cilia thus reveal important mechanical properties of ciliary axonemes and membranes that should be useful for understanding ciliary function.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Deiner
- Boston University Marine Program, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA 02543
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Abstract
We investigated arrest and inactivation responses of stigmatal cilia in the branchial basket of the ascidian, Ciona intestinalis. Using an improved preparation of living tissue for microscopic imaging of ciliary responses, we found that Ca-ionophore A23187 in seawater + 50 mM Ca caused actively beating cilia to assume the upright inactive posture, while A23187 in seawater + 100 mM Ca caused transient (5-10 s) stigma-wide arrests in which the cilia lie flat against the stigmatal walls. Both responses are therefore Ca dependent, but the inactive state has a lower threshold for Ca than does arrest. Membrane permeant cAMP analogues induced >40% of the quiescent cilia within a stigma to begin beating. Saponin-extracted models of stigmatal cilia were developed to study the ionic and molecular control of ciliary activity in Ciona. Extracted cilia were stimulated to beat vigorously for >45 min by ATP-containing reactivation solution (RS). Addition of 10-5 to 10-3 M Ca to reactivation solution caused the cilia to stand upright (inactivate), but not to arrest. The calmodulin antagonists trifluoperazine and calmidazolium (100 μM) restored active beating when included in RS + 50-100 μM Ca, thereby reversing Ca-dependent inactivation. Addition of bovine brain calmodulin to RS + 100 μM Ca did not cause arrest of reactivated cilia. RS + 100 μM cAMP + 1 mM 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine or the catalytic subunit of cAMP-dependent protein kinase increased both the proportion and vigor of reactivated beating. Addition of 100 μM Ca to the RS + cAMP + IBMX solution caused reactivated cilia to vibrate or twitch in an upright position, suggesting that Ca and cAMP have antagonistic effects on stigmatal cilia.
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Abstract
The age-related changes of the ciliary muscle of human eyes (33-87 years) were studied on histological meridional sections. Eighty-five melanoma eyes and 10 eyes of normal donors were investigated. The total area and the length of the muscle, the area of the three main portions and the distance of the inner apex of the muscle to the scleral spur were determined and correlated with age. Total area and length of the muscle show a continuous and significant decrease with age. The area of the longitudinal and reticular portion continuously decreases, whereas the area of the circular portion significantly increases with age. The decrease in area is more pronounced in the longitudinal portion than in the reticular portion of the muscle, which shows an age-related increase in connective tissue. In addition, the distance of the inner apex of the muscle to the scleral spur shortens continuously. Thus, with increasing age the ciliary muscle adopts an anterior-inward position. A similar form is seen in young eyes after ciliary muscle contraction only. There might be a functional relationship between the observed age-changes in the ciliary muscle system and the phenomenon of the so-called 'lens paradox' (steepening of the anterior and posterior curvatures of the disaccommodated lens with age).
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Affiliation(s)
- S Tamm
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, F.R.G
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Tamm SL, Tamm S. Reversible Epithelial Adhesion Closes the Mouth of Beroe, a Carnivorous Marine Jelly. Biol Bull 1991; 181:463-473. [PMID: 29304670 DOI: 10.2307/1542367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We investigated how the ctenophore Beroe, a carnivore of the marine zooplankton, keeps its mouth shut to maintain a streamlined body shape during forward swimming in search of prey. In big-mouthed, thin-walled beroids we found that mouth closure requires neither muscular nor nervous activity. Instead, mouth adhesion is due to paired strips of adhesive epithelial cells on opposing stomodaeal walls. The two joined epithelial layers make numerous close appositions interrupted by vacuolar intercellular spaces. At regions of apposition, the plasma membranes are highly folded and interdigitated with each other, and are separated by a uniform distance of about 15 nm. A dense cytoplasmic coat underlies the membranes at such appositions. Synapses of neurites are found on the basal ends of the adhesive cells. We found two orthogonally different orientations of the stomodaeal adhesive strips in B. sp. vs. B. forskali, correlated with different distributions of feeding macrocilia inside the stomodaeum. Mouth opening in response to food requires muscular contractions of the lips. However, the stomodaeal adhesive strips are not pulled apart all at once, but are peeled apart starting from a site of vigorous muscular tension. The mouth re-seals after feeding, or after being experimentally pulled open, showing that tissue adhesion is functionally reversible. Epithelial adhesion in Beroe appears to be a useful method for closing the mouth and streamlining the body of a gelatinous predator that spends most of its time swimming mouth-forward in search of prey. Opening of the mouth appears to be an efficient process as well, because peeling apart of the adhesive strips requires a smaller applied force than does separating them all at once. Tissue adhesion in Beroe shares many structural and functional properties with transient adhesions formed between moving cells in embryos and in culture, and may be a useful experimental system for studying the mechanisms and regulation of dynamic cell adhesions. "Loose lips Sink ships." --U. S. Navy slogan, WW II.
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Tamm SL, Tamm S. How Beroe Keeps Its Mouth Shut, or Its Lips Are Sealed. Biol Bull 1991; 181:354. [PMID: 29304615 DOI: 10.1086/bblv181n2p354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
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49
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50
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Abstract
We have investigated the actin content and ultrastructure of two kinds of presumed sensory projections on the lip epidermis of beroid ctenophores. Transmission electron microscopy showed that conical pegs contain a large bundle of densely packed, parallel microfilaments. Rhodamine-phalloidin brightly stained the pegs, confirming that they contain filamentous actin. Epidermal cells with actin pegs also bear a single long cilium with an onion-root structure, previously described as arising from a different type of cell. The actin peg and onion-root cilium project side-by-side, defining a polarized axis of the cell which is shared by neighboring cells. The onion-root body is surrounded by a flattened membrane sac which lies immediately below the plasma membrane. The perimeter of the membrane sac is encircled by aggregates of dense material. An extra layer of dense material is found along the side of the membrane sac facing the peg; this material often makes direct contact with the adjacent actin filament bundle. Cells with actin pegs and onion-root cilia synapse onto adjacent neurites and secretory gland cells, indicating that one or both types of projections are sensory elements. Since the feeding responses of beroids are reported to depend on chemical and tactile stimuli to the lips, the cells bearing pegs and cilia may function as both mechanoreceptors and chemoreceptors, that is, as double sensory receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Tamm
- Boston University Marine Program, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA 02543
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