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Rinta-Antila K, Koski P, Aira T, Heinonen OJ, Korpelainen R, Parkkari J, Savonen K, Toivo K, Uusitalo A, Valtonen M, Vasankari T, Villberg J, Kokko S. Perceived coaches' health promotion activity, maintenance of participation in sports, and lifestyle habits among emerging adults: a four-year follow-up study. Ann Med 2024; 56:2321327. [PMID: 38658832 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2024.2321327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study focused on how adolescents' perceptions of coaches' health promotion activity predict maintained participation and dropout in organized sports in emerging adulthood. In addition, differences in lifestyle habits between maintainers, dropouts, and nonparticipants in organized sports were explored. MATERIALS AND METHODS Overall, 616 adolescents reported organized sports participation in the Finnish Health Promoting Sports Club (FHPSC) study at ages 15 and 19. Of these, 323 reported coach's health promotion activity on health topics at the age of 15. An index of a coach's general health promotion activity was formed. At age 19, all study participants reported their lifestyle habits. RESULTS Among males, those who had perceived coaches' general health promotion activity as frequent were more likely to be maintainers than dropouts (48.6% vs. 20.0%) (p = .002). Among females, there was no significant difference (32.0% vs. 28.4%). Logistic regression analysis adjusted for gender showed that perceiving coach's general health promotion activity as frequent increased the odds of being a maintainer rather than a dropout. Moreover, maintainers had higher odds of having healthy lifestyle habits when compared to nonparticipants (related to physical activity; sleep; fruit and vegetable consumption; and cigarette use) or dropouts (related to physical activity; and cigarette use). In addition, dropouts had higher odds of having healthy lifestyle habits than nonparticipants (related to sleep; and cigarette use). CONCLUSIONS Perceiving coaches' health promotion activity as frequent was related to maintained participation in organized sports among males. Maintainers were more likely to have more healthy lifestyle habits than nonparticipants and dropouts. There is a need to invest in coaches' health promotion activity when it is infrequent. A more detailed understanding is needed of coaches' health promotion activity that supports both maintained participation in sports, especially among females, and healthy lifestyle habits in emerging adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katja Rinta-Antila
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Research Centre for Health Promotion, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Pasi Koski
- Department of Teacher Education, University of Turku, Rauma, Finland
| | - Tuula Aira
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Research Centre for Health Promotion, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Olli J Heinonen
- Paavo Nurmi Centre & Unit for Health and Physical Activity, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Raija Korpelainen
- Medical Research Center (MRC), University of Oulu and University Hospital of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Oulu Deaconess Institute Foundation sr., Oulu, Finland
- Research Unit of Population Health, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Jari Parkkari
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Research Centre for Health Promotion, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
- Tampere Research Center of Sports Medicine, Tampere, Finland
| | - Kai Savonen
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Kerttu Toivo
- Tampere Research Center of Sports Medicine, Tampere, Finland
| | - Arja Uusitalo
- Clinic for Sports and Exercise Medicine, Foundation for Sports and Exercise Medicine, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Clinicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Tommi Vasankari
- UKK Institute of Health Promotion Research, Tampere, Finland
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Jari Villberg
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Research Centre for Health Promotion, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Sami Kokko
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Research Centre for Health Promotion, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
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Alarslan G, de Jager D, Super S, van Hilvoorde I, Koelen M, Verkooijen K. What makes community sports programs successful? A group concept mapping study to identify effective elements. EVALUATION AND PROGRAM PLANNING 2024; 104:102420. [PMID: 38513449 DOI: 10.1016/j.evalprogplan.2024.102420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Adults in socially vulnerable positions can benefit from participation in community sports programs. However, there is a lack of knowledge about the effective elements of these programs. To identify these elements, we consulted three groups of stakeholders: social sports coaches, program coordinators, and social workers. The effective elements were systematically arranged by means of group concept mapping (GCM), a mixed-methods approach for organizing thoughts. The social sports coaches (n = 14) mentioned 152 effective elements, the program coordinators (n = 5) mentioned 81 effective elements and the social workers (n = 8) mentioned 115 effective elements. Overlapping effective elements were mentioned by all three stakeholder groups, such as the role of the social sports coach, a safe sports climate, and structure of sports programs. However, the sport-specific knowledge and skills of coaches were mentioned only by program coordinators. Moreover, only the social workers provided elements that were protective in nature, such as not overburdening the participants. Average importance scores differed for these elements within groups and between groups. In conclusion, various effective elements were deemed necessary for community sports programs to be successful. Moreover, GCM appeared a successful tool to systematically identify effective elements of an intervention from the perspective of relevant stakeholders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Güven Alarslan
- Department of Social Sciences, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Dico de Jager
- Department of Social Sciences, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Sabina Super
- Department of Social Sciences, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Ivo van Hilvoorde
- Professorship Human Movement, School and Sport, Windesheim University of Applied Sciences, Zwolle, the Netherlands
| | - Maria Koelen
- Department of Social Sciences, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Kirsten Verkooijen
- Department of Social Sciences, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands
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Jeanes R, O’Connor J, Penney D, Spaaij R, Magee J, O’ Hara E, Lymbery L. A mixed-method analysis of the contribution of informal sport to public health in Australia. Health Promot Int 2024; 39:daae048. [PMID: 38809233 PMCID: PMC11135211 DOI: 10.1093/heapro/daae048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Informal sport is a growth area of sport participation but there has been limited examination of how informal and unstructured forms of participation may contribute to health outcomes that are important for public health. This article aims to address the current lack of data examining the health outcomes associated with informal sport participation and consider the potential role of informal sport within efforts to promote healthier communities through sport. The article seeks to broaden understanding of how informal sport participation can contribute to health outcomes, particularly with regard to increasing physical activity and enhancing mental health and social connection. The article discusses the findings of an Australian mixed-method study that draws on observation, survey, interview and focus group data to examine the prospective health and social benefits of informal sport participation for adults. The findings demonstrate that informal sport participation can contribute to physical and mental health outcomes and facilitate social connection. Analysis of the observation data enabled an examination of the economic value of informal sport in relation to the health benefits it affords. The study provides valuable evidence of the value of informal sport for enhancing community health and broadens understanding of how sport can be utilized as a health promotion resource. The article concludes by suggesting that through leveraging existing infrastructure and the self-organizing aspects of informal sport, local government and health stakeholders can harness its potential to improve public health outcomes and address health inequities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Jeanes
- School of Curriculum Teaching and Inclusive Education, Faculty of Education, Monash University, McMahon’s Road, Frankston 3199, Victoria, Australia
| | - Justen O’Connor
- School of Curriculum Teaching and Inclusive Education, Faculty of Education, Monash University, McMahon’s Road, Frankston 3199, Victoria, Australia
| | - Dawn Penney
- School of Curriculum Teaching and Inclusive Education, Faculty of Education, Monash University, McMahon’s Road, Frankston 3199, Victoria, Australia
- School of Education, Edith Cowan University, 270 Joondalup Drive Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia
| | - Ramon Spaaij
- College of Sport, Health and Engineering, Victoria University, Nicholson & Buckley Streets, Footscray, 3011, Victoria, Australia
- School of Governance, Utrecht University, Bijlhouwerstraat 6 3511 ZC, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jonathan Magee
- School of Curriculum Teaching and Inclusive Education, Faculty of Education, Monash University, McMahon’s Road, Frankston 3199, Victoria, Australia
- School of Education, Edith Cowan University, 270 Joondalup Drive Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia
| | - Eibhlish O’ Hara
- School of Education, Edith Cowan University, 270 Joondalup Drive Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia
| | - Lisa Lymbery
- College of Sport, Health and Engineering, Victoria University, Nicholson & Buckley Streets, Footscray, 3011, Victoria, Australia
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Luo M, Chen L. The impact of regional sports industry aggregation on residents' health level in China. Sci Rep 2024; 14:10928. [PMID: 38740781 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-60564-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Health is the basis for human survival and development and is an important symbol to evaluate a country's economic growth and social progress. This article measures the degree of sports industry agglomeration in different regions of China and uses the Moran index to verify the existence of global autocorrelation in sports agglomeration. Next, the spatial Durbin model was used to verify the spatial spillover effect of sports industry agglomeration on the health level of residents, and the following conclusions were obtained.Firstly, there is spatial autocorrelation and heterogeneity in the clustering level of China's sports industry. The spatial distribution is extremely uneven, and different regions have formed relatively stable spatial patterns. Secondly, the degree of aggregation of the sports industry can reduce the number of per capita visits and have a positive spatial spillover effect on the health of residents. Not only can it promote the health level of residents in the province, but it also has spatial spillover effects on surrounding areas.Finally, based on the research results, the following conclusions are proposed in this article. Policy recommendations include increasing investment in sports talent cultivation, accelerating the construction of sports center cities, and increasing residents' attention to sports to improve residents' health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Luo
- School of Physical Education, Xinyu University (XYU), Xinyu, 338004, China
| | - Lingming Chen
- School of Economics and Management, Xinyu University (XYU), Xinyu, 338004, China.
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Tezier B, Van Hoye A, Vuillemin A, Lemonnier F, Rostan F, Guillemin F. Pilot study of a health promotion intervention in sports clubs. SANTE PUBLIQUE (VANDOEUVRE-LES-NANCY, FRANCE) 2024; 36:7-22. [PMID: 38580468 DOI: 10.3917/spub.241.0007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
Sports clubs (SCs) are an ideal setting for promoting health. However existing health promotion (HP) interventions in SCs mainly target a single health behavior and men who do sports, and evaluations of such interventions provides little information about their deployment. To overcome these limitations, the PROSCeSS intervention was co-constructed based on the theoretical model of the health-promoting SC and multi-level, multi-determinant health strategies. The aim of this pilot study was to evaluate the deployment of the PROSCeSS intervention and identify the factors influencing its deployment. A qualitative study, using recordings of meetings, email and telephone exchanges, and interviews with project leaders of fourteen SC, was carried out. Although a low number of SCs had completed the intervention, they all considered that they have a role to play in helping their members maintain good health. Their ability to develop HP activities and to implement the intervention was influenced by the resources available, the support they received from their sports federation, and the ability of each project leader to get involved in the intervention. The SCs that deployed the intervention implemented several strategies enabling them to integrate health into the organizational, social, economic, and environmental habits of the SCs and to develop new HP activities, such as adapted sports activity sessions and activities to teach members about first aid, nutrition, and good practices for warming up. This study highlights the importance of understanding the specificities of the contexts in which HP interventions are deployed. Having led to a reworking of the intervention steps and the development of an appropriate evaluation design, it also highlights the essential role of pilot studies in the development and evaluation of interventions.
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Coutinho D, Travassos B, Santos S, Figueiredo P, Kelly AL. Special Issue "Sports Science in Children". CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 11:202. [PMID: 38397315 PMCID: PMC10887797 DOI: 10.3390/children11020202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
In recent times, research and technological advancements have opened an unprecedented window of opportunity for sports science to play a pivotal role in the holistic well-being of children [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Diogo Coutinho
- Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, University of Maia (UMAIA), 4475-690 Maia, Portugal
- Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development, CIDESD, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (B.T.); (S.S.)
| | - Bruno Travassos
- Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development, CIDESD, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (B.T.); (S.S.)
- Department of Sports Sciences, University of Beira Interior, 6201-001 Covilhã, Portugal
- Portugal Football School, Portuguese Football Federation, 5001-801 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Sara Santos
- Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development, CIDESD, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (B.T.); (S.S.)
- Department of Sports Sciences, Exercise and Health, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Pedro Figueiredo
- Physical Education Department, College of Education, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates;
| | - Adam Leigh Kelly
- Research for Athlete and Youth Sport Development (RAYSD) Lab, Research Centre for Life and Sport Sciences (CLaSS), Birmingham City University, Birmingham B15 3TN, UK;
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Van Hoye A, Regan C, Lane A, Vuillemin A, Woods C. Implementation of the GAA 'healthy clubs project' in Ireland: a qualitative study using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research. Health Promot Int 2024; 39:daad191. [PMID: 38243778 PMCID: PMC10799314 DOI: 10.1093/heapro/daad191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The sports clubs' role in promoting health has been acknowledged by policy makers and researchers, but there is little evidence on how sports clubs implement health-related interventions. The present article investigates the Gaelic Athletic Association Healthy Club Project (HCP) implementation process (mechanisms, barriers, leverages) over a 10-year timeframe. A case study design helped to produce and compare a data synthesis for five clubs involved since 2013. A qualitative iterative data collection, including document analysis was conducted through 20 focus groups with Healthy Club Officers, coaches, participants and members. The Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research was used in the deductive analysis process, conducted by the first author. Results have shown the success of the HCP in placing health promotion on the agenda of sports clubs leading to informal policy for health promotion, even if activities and recognition are directed toward and coming from the community. This study also underlines the virtuous cycle of the settings-based approach in enhancing membership and volunteer recognition through health promotion actions, and the importance of social good and corporate social activities for sports clubs. Nevertheless, the HCP still relies on limited human resources, is not recognized by competitive oriented adult playing members. and acknowledged as a resource by some coaches, limiting its rootedness in the core business of sports clubs. Future research should empower the HCP community to focus on organizational changes and develop outcomes for individuals, for the club as a whole as well as for the local community.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Van Hoye
- Physical Activity for Health Research Centre, Health Research Institute, Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Limerick, V94T9PX Limerick, Ireland
- UMR 1319 INSPIIRE, Université de Lorraine, 54600 Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, France
| | - C Regan
- Community and Health Department, Gaelic Athletic Association, D03 P6K7 Dublin, Ireland
| | - A Lane
- SHE Research Group, Technological University of the Shannon, N37HD68 Athlone, Ireland
| | - A Vuillemin
- LAHMESS, Université Côte d’Azur, 06200 Nice, France
| | - C Woods
- Physical Activity for Health Research Centre, Health Research Institute, Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Limerick, V94T9PX Limerick, Ireland
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Heikkilä L, Korpelainen R, Aira T, Alanko L, Heinonen OJ, Kokko S, Parkkari J, Savonen K, Toivo K, Valtonen M, Vasankari T, Villberg J, Vanhala M. Is health promotion in sports clubs associated with adolescent participants' fruit and vegetable consumption? Eur J Public Health 2023; 33:1102-1108. [PMID: 37665763 PMCID: PMC10710333 DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckad158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although sports clubs' potential for health promotion is acknowledged, research on whether they promote healthy eating is limited. We aimed to evaluate Finnish youth sports clubs' health promotion orientation, as well as associations between sports clubs' health promotion orientation, coaches' nutritional discussions and sports club participants' (SPs') fruit and/or vegetable consumption. METHODS The cross-sectional study included 554 SPs aged 14-16 years, 275 club officials and 311 coaches. Participants replied to questionnaires about sports clubs' health promotion and their own health behaviours, including dietary habits. Health promotion orientation was estimated using a Health Promoting Sports Club (HPSC) index (range 0-22) and nutritional discussions and fruit and/or vegetable consumption as frequencies. A mixed-effects multivariable logistic regression was used to analyse the associations. RESULTS Most sports clubs (69%) had a high health promotion orientation, but the variation between the clubs was wide (HPSC index range 5-21). SPs' daily fruit and/or vegetable consumption was associated with female gender [odds ratio (OR) 3.48, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.23-5.42, P < 0.001], better self-rated health (OR 3.26, 95% CI 1.13-9.41, P = 0.03), higher average school grades (OR 1.67, 95% CI 1.04-2.67, P = 0.03), and SPs' responses that their coach had often discussed nutrition (OR 2.11, 95% CI 1.41-3.14, P < 0.001). CONCLUSION Although sports clubs' orientation towards health promotion was mostly high, it seems not to be enough to promote healthy eating among adolescent participants. Instead, coaches' nutritional discussions were associated with adolescents' fruit and/or vegetable consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Heikkilä
- Department of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Oulu Deaconess Institute Foundation sr, Oulu, Finland
- Research Unit of Population Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Raija Korpelainen
- Department of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Oulu Deaconess Institute Foundation sr, Oulu, Finland
- Research Unit of Population Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Tuula Aira
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Lauri Alanko
- Sports Medicine Clinic, Foundation for Sports and Exercise Clinic, Helsinki, Finland
- Sports and Exercise Medicine Clinic, Central Finland Hospital Nova, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Olli J Heinonen
- Paavo Nurmi Centre & Unit for Physical Activity and Health, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Sami Kokko
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Jari Parkkari
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
- Tampere Research Center of Sports Medicine, Tampere, Finland
| | - Kai Savonen
- Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Science Service Center, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Kerttu Toivo
- Tampere Research Center of Sports Medicine, Tampere, Finland
- UKK Institute of Health Promotion Research, Tampere, Finland
| | - Maarit Valtonen
- Finnish Institute of High Performance Sports KIHU, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Tommi Vasankari
- UKK Institute of Health Promotion Research, Tampere, Finland
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Jari Villberg
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Marja Vanhala
- Department of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Oulu Deaconess Institute Foundation sr, Oulu, Finland
- Research Unit of Population Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
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Lim ASX, Schweickle MJ, Liddelow C, Liddle SK, Vella SA. Process evaluations of health-promotion interventions in sports settings: a systematic review. Health Promot Int 2023; 38:daad114. [PMID: 37721373 PMCID: PMC10506172 DOI: 10.1093/heapro/daad114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Sports settings have been identified as an ideal place to conduct complex multi-level health-promotion interventions, with the potential to engage a broad audience. Whilst the benefits of delivering health-promotion interventions in sports settings are well documented, such interventions' real-world implementation and success must be better understood. Process evaluations can be conducted to provide information related to an intervention's fidelity, replication, scaling, adoption, and the underlying mechanisms driving outcomes. This systematic review summarizes how process evaluations of health-promotion interventions are conducted in sports settings and highlight facilitators and barriers to health-promotion intervention delivery using narrative synthesis. Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines, searches included original peer-reviewed articles from inception-January 2023. We searched eight electronic databases: Academic Search Complete; MEDLINE, PsycARTICLES; PsycINFO; SPORTSDiscus with Full Text; MEDLINE; SCOPUS; Pub Med, and Pro Quest Central. Thirty-two studies were included. Findings suggest that most process evaluations of health-promotion interventions have acknowledged the inherent complexity of sports settings, and investigated factors that explain their intervention's success (e.g. trust building, engagement). However, poor use of process evaluation frameworks or guidelines resulted in wide variations of how process evaluations are conducted and reported, which made findings difficult to integrate and standardize with consistency. Accordingly, this review provides a guide on how future process evaluations can be conducted to improve health-promotion interventions' transparency, replicability and reliability in real-world settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angie S X Lim
- Global Alliance for Mental Health and Sport, School of Psychology, University of Wollongong, Northfields Avenue, Wollongong, New South Wales, 2522, Australia
| | - Matthew J Schweickle
- Global Alliance for Mental Health and Sport, School of Psychology, University of Wollongong, Northfields Avenue, Wollongong, New South Wales, 2522, Australia
| | - Caitlin Liddelow
- Global Alliance for Mental Health and Sport, School of Psychology, University of Wollongong, Northfields Avenue, Wollongong, New South Wales, 2522, Australia
| | - Sarah K Liddle
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, 18 Innovation Walk, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
| | - Stewart A Vella
- Global Alliance for Mental Health and Sport, School of Psychology, University of Wollongong, Northfields Avenue, Wollongong, New South Wales, 2522, Australia
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Tézier B, Lucas Q, Johnson S, Vuillemin A, Lemonnier F, Rostan F, Guillemin F, Van Hoye A. A RE-AIM framework analysis of a sports club health promotion MOOC: the PROSCeSS MOOC. Health Promot Int 2023; 38:daad069. [PMID: 37432775 DOI: 10.1093/heapro/daad069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Acquisition of health promotion (HP) skills and knowledge is essential for interventions development in this field. In sports clubs (SC), little HP training exists even though it was requested by SC actors. In response, the PROSCeSS (PROmotion de la Santé au sein du Clubs SportifS) MOOC (Massive Open Online Course) was developed to support actors of HP in the SC in the development of HP interventions. The present study evaluates the MOOC's effectiveness and learning process. The RE-AIM framework, measuring reach, effectiveness, adoption, implementation and maintenance was used to structure this study. Surveys were sent before and after the MOOC to the 2814 learners. Among the 502 (18%) respondents to the pre-survey, 80% reported belonging to a SC as a coach (35%) or manager (25%). The 14% of pre-survey respondents who completed the post-survey increased their HP knowledge score by 42% and their confidence to implement HP actions by 6%. Results present the strategies considered most important and feasible by the learners and the main barriers to the implementation of HP actions in the SC. This study shows that MOOC appears to be an appealing (93% of learners were satisfied) and effective solution (as long as it is followed) to develop HP knowledge and skills of SC actors in HP, meeting their needs and constraints. Although improvements should be made (especially in terms of promoting adoption), this type of educational format should be encouraged to support the HP potential of SC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Stacey Johnson
- Institut de Cancérologie de l'Ouest, Nantes 44000, France
- UPR6312 LAHMESS, Université Côte d'Azur Nice 06000,, France
| | - Anne Vuillemin
- UPR6312 LAHMESS, Université Côte d'Azur Nice 06000,, France
| | | | | | | | - Aurélie Van Hoye
- UR4360 APEMAC, Université de Lorraine, Nancy 54000, France
- Physical Education and Sport Sciences Department, University of Limerick, Limerick V94T9PX, Ireland
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Van Hoye A, Geidne S, Vuillemin A, Dowd K, Glibo I, Heck S, Ibsen B, Johnson S, Kingsland M, Kokko S, Lane A, Ooms L, Overbye M, Woods C, Zeimers G, Whiting S, Winand M. Health promoting sports federations: theoretical foundations and guidelines. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1147899. [PMID: 37497027 PMCID: PMC10366374 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1147899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Researchers and policy-makers have highlighted that the potential for organized sports to promote health has been underexploited. Sports clubs have limited capacity to promote health due to their voluntary nature and have called for support from their national sports federations. The present article provides guidelines, based on the theoretical principles of health promoting sports clubs and an analysis of practical tools and proven strategies, to support national sports federations to invest in health promotion (HP). Methods A qualitative iterative study was undertaken, based on five 2-h meetings of a group of 15 international researchers in HP in sports clubs. Notes and minutes from meetings, as well as shared outputs were analyzed based on the health promoting sports club framework. Results Guidelines developed for national sports federations to promote health includes a definition of a health promoting sports federation (HPSF), a description of how the settings-based approach to HP adapts to national sports federations, as well as practical applications of health promoting sports club's intervention strategies. The analysis of existing tools also demonstrated that most tools are centered on a single dimension of health (social, mental, physical, spiritual or community), and often on a specific health topic. Furthermore, they do not cover HP as a continuous long-lasting process, but are generally short-term programs. The HPSF clarifies theoretical concepts, their practical implementation via case studies and outlines intervention components and tools useful for sports federations in their implementation of HP. Conclusion The guidelines developed in this study are intended to facilitate national sports federations to acknowledge/understand, reinforce/underpin and foster current and further investment in HP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélie Van Hoye
- Physical Activity for Health Research Cluster, Health Research Institute,Physical Education and Sports Sciences Department, University of Limeric, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Susanna Geidne
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Health Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | | | - Kieran Dowd
- SHE Research Group, Technological University of the Shannon, Athlone, Ireland
| | - Iva Glibo
- European Sport NGO Youth, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sandra Heck
- Ecole Nationale de l’Education Physique et des Sports (ENEPS), Luxembourg City, Luxembourg
| | | | - Stacey Johnson
- Department of Human and Social Sciences, Institut de Cancérologie de l’Ouest René Gauducheau, Saint-Herblain, Angers, France
| | | | - Sami Kokko
- Faculty of Sports and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Aoife Lane
- SHE Research Group, Technological University of the Shannon, Athlone, Ireland
| | | | - Marie Overbye
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Sport, University of Stirling, Stirling, United Kingdom
| | - Catherine Woods
- Physical Activity for Health Research Cluster, Health Research Institute,Physical Education and Sports Sciences Department, University of Limeric, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Geraldine Zeimers
- Louvain Research Institute in Management and Organization (LouRIM), Mor Sciences Faculty, UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Stephen Whiting
- WHO European Office for the Prevention and Control of NCDs, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mathieu Winand
- LUNEX International University of Health, Exercise and Sports, Differdange, Luxembourg
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12
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Matolić T, Jurakić D, Podnar H, Radman I, Pedišić Ž. Promotion of health-enhancing physical activity in the sport sector: a study among representatives of 536 sports organisations from 36 European countries. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:750. [PMID: 37095502 PMCID: PMC10124020 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-15589-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is a common belief that most sports clubs and organisations are primarily focused on elite sports while placing less emphasis on the promotion of health-enhancing physical activity (HEPA). However, there is a lack of evidence on this topic in the scientific literature. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the level and correlates of the commitment of sports organisations in Europe to HEPA promotion. METHODS Representatives of 536 sports organisations from 36 European countries responded to our survey. A multiple regression analysis was conducted with the commitment of sports organisation to HEPA promotion (0 ["not at all"] - 10 ["most highly"]) as the outcome variable and organisation type ("national sport association" reference group [ref], "European sports federation", "national umbrella sports organisation", "national Olympic committee", "national sport-for-all organisation"), headquarters in a European Union member state ("no" [ref], "yes"), region of Europe ("Western" [ref], "Central and Eastern", "Northern", "Southern"), commitment to elite sports ("low" [ref], "medium", "high"), and awareness of Sports Club for Health (SCforH) guidelines ("no" [ref], "yes") as explanatory variables. RESULTS Approximately 75.2% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 71.5, 78.8) of sports organisations were highly committed to elite sports. Only 28.2% (95% CI: 24.4, 32.0) of sports organisations reported a high commitment to HEPA promotion. A higher commitment to HEPA promotion was associated with the national Olympic committees (β = 1.48 [95% CI: 0.41, 2.55], p = 0.007), national sport-for-all organisations (β = 1.68 [95% CI: 0.74, 2.62], p < 0.001), location in Central and Eastern Europe (β = 0.56 [95% CI: 0.01, 1.12], p = 0.047), and awareness of SCforH guidelines (β = 0.86 [95% CI: 0.35, 1.37], p < 0.001). CONCLUSION From our findings, it seems that most sports organisations are primarily focused on elite sports. Coordinated actions at the European Union and national levels are needed to improve the promotion of HEPA through sports organisations. In this endeavour, it may be useful to consider national Olympic committees, national sport-for-all organisations, and relevant sports organisations in Central and Eastern Europe as role models and to raise the awareness of SCforH guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tena Matolić
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Zagreb, Horvaćanski zavoj 15, Zagreb, 10110, Croatia
| | - Danijel Jurakić
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Zagreb, Horvaćanski zavoj 15, Zagreb, 10110, Croatia.
| | - Hrvoje Podnar
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Zagreb, Horvaćanski zavoj 15, Zagreb, 10110, Croatia
| | - Ivan Radman
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Zagreb, Horvaćanski zavoj 15, Zagreb, 10110, Croatia
| | - Željko Pedišić
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Footscray Park Campus, Ballarat Road, Footscray, VIC, 3011, Australia.
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13
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van Nassau F, Huis A, van de Glind I, Andersen E, Bunn C, Gray CM, Hunt K, Jelsma JGM, van Mechelen W, Morgan H, Røynesdal Ø, Pereira HV, van der Ploeg HP, Roberts GC, Silva MN, Sørensen M, Wyke S, Nijhuis-van der Sanden MWG, van Achterberg T. Factors influencing the implementation of the EuroFIT lifestyle change program in professional football clubs in Europe: a qualitative study in four European countries. Transl Behav Med 2023; 13:212-225. [PMID: 36694360 PMCID: PMC10105865 DOI: 10.1093/tbm/ibac100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
This paper investigated facilitators and barriers to implementing the European Football Fans in Training program (EuroFIT) in professional sports clubs in England, the Netherlands, Norway, and Portugal. We analyzed qualitative data collected at clubs that delivered EuroFIT, based on semi-structured interviews with coordinating staff (n = 15), coaches (n = 16), and focus group interviews with participants (n = 108), as well as data from clubs that considered delivering EuroFIT in the future, based on interviews with staff (n = 7) and stakeholders (n = 8). Facilitators for implementation related to the content and structure of the program, its evidence-base, and the context for delivery in the football stadia. Financial and human resources were both facilitators and barriers. Further barriers were mostly practical, relating to human resources and infrastructure. Major differences between countries related to experience and commitment to running community projects, and differences in infrastructure, financing, and human resources. Professional football clubs' ability to support health promotion efforts depended on their ethos and the financial and human resources available to them. Overall, the EuroFIT program was well received by clubs, coaches, participants, and stakeholders, which was reflected by the many facilitators supporting sustained implementation. For sustainable implementation, it is crucial that clubs and their stakeholders engage fully with the EuroFIT program and understand that for an adequate program delivery their views (ethos) and ways of working influence the implementation and thereby the effectiveness of EuroFIT. An important prerequisite for future roll out of EuroFIT would be a strong EuroFIT delivery partner organization to ensure financial and human resources while overseeing and guiding the quality of delivery in clubs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Femke van Nassau
- Department of Public and Occupational Health and Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anita Huis
- Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, IQ Healthcare, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Irene van de Glind
- Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, IQ Healthcare, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Eivind Andersen
- Department of Sport and Social Sciences, NSSS, Institute for Sport and Social Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Christopher Bunn
- School of Social and Political Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Cindy M Gray
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Kate Hunt
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.,Institute for Social Marketing and Health, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK
| | - Judith G M Jelsma
- Department of Public and Occupational Health and Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Willem van Mechelen
- Department of Public and Occupational Health and Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Heather Morgan
- Institute of Applied Health Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Øystein Røynesdal
- Department of Sport and Social Sciences, NSSS, Institute for Sport and Social Sciences, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Teacher Education, NLA University College, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Coaching and Psychology, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Hugo V Pereira
- CIDEFES Faculdade de Educação Física e Desporto, Universidade Lusófona, Lisbon, Portugal.,Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Centro Interdisciplinar para o Estudo da Performance Humana (CIPER), Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Hidde P van der Ploeg
- Department of Public and Occupational Health and Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Glyn C Roberts
- Department of Sport and Social Sciences, NSSS, Institute for Sport and Social Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Marlene N Silva
- CIDEFES Faculdade de Educação Física e Desporto, Universidade Lusófona, Lisbon, Portugal.,Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Centro Interdisciplinar para o Estudo da Performance Humana (CIPER), Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Marit Sørensen
- Department of Sport and Social Sciences, NSSS, Institute for Sport and Social Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Sally Wyke
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | | | - Theo van Achterberg
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Academic Centre for Nursing and Midwifery, Leuven, Belgium
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14
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Jenkins CL, Wills J, Sykes S. Settings for the development of health literacy: A conceptual review. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1105640. [PMID: 36875396 PMCID: PMC9978221 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1105640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Advances in conceptualizing settings in health promotion include understanding settings as complex and interlinked systems with a core commitment to health and related outcomes such as health literacy. Traditional settings for the development of health literacy include health care environments and schools. There is a need to identify and conceptualize non-traditional and emerging settings of twenty-first-century everyday life. The aim of this conceptual review is to inform a conceptual model of a "non-traditional" setting for the development of health literacy. The model uses the example of the public library to propose four equity-focused antecedents required in a setting for the development of health literacy: the setting acknowledges the wider determinants of health, is open access, involves local communities in how it is run, and facilitates informed action for health. The review concludes that a settings approach to the development of health literacy can be conceptualized as part of a coordinated "supersetting approach," where multiple settings work in synergy with each other.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine L Jenkins
- Institute of Health and Social Care, London South Bank University, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jane Wills
- Institute of Health and Social Care, London South Bank University, London, United Kingdom
| | - Susie Sykes
- Institute of Health and Social Care, London South Bank University, London, United Kingdom
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15
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Tezier B, Guillemin F, Vuillemin A, Johnson S, Lemonnier F, Rostan F, Van Hoye A. Development of a health-promoting sports club’s intervention in France applying participatory action research. Health Promot Int 2022; 37:6823576. [DOI: 10.1093/heapro/daac145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
The recognition of sports clubs (SC) as health-promoting settings is increasing, as well as the number of health promotion (HP) interventions implemented in this setting. However, minimal understanding of their development process and the persistent gap between theoretical knowledge and real-life practice is a major limitation to their implementation. This article describes a participatory research approach, implicating 29 stakeholders in sports and HP (6 HP researchers, 9 HP professionals, 6 representatives from regional and national sports organizations and 8 representatives from SC), leading to the co-construction of a health-promoting SC intervention. Stakeholders were mobilized through four stages: (i) analysis of effective programs, (ii) co-construction workshops, (iii) evaluation of relevance and acceptability, and (iv) beta-testing of a massive open online course (MOOC). A qualitative analysis was carried out on data collected through notetaking, recordings, transcripts, email exchanges and produced documents. This work led to the development of an HP intervention, including an MOOC, as well as a seven-step SC-tailored program. The convergence of theoretical knowledge and contextual real-life practice made it possible to respond to the specific needs and implementation problems encountered by SC actors and to develop acceptable strategies and tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Tezier
- APEMAC, Université de Lorraine , 54500 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy , France
| | - Francis Guillemin
- APEMAC, Université de Lorraine , 54500 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy , France
| | | | | | - Fabienne Lemonnier
- Department of Health Promotion, Santé Publique France , 94410 Saint-Maurice , France
| | - Florence Rostan
- Department of Health Promotion, Santé Publique France , 94410 Saint-Maurice , France
| | - Aurélie Van Hoye
- APEMAC, Université de Lorraine , 54500 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy , France
- PfAH (Physical Activity for Health) Research Cluster, University of Limerick , Limerick , Ireland
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16
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Global Matrix 4.0 Physical Activity Report Card Grades for Children and Adolescents: Results and Analyses From 57 Countries. J Phys Act Health 2022; 19:700-728. [DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2022-0456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Background: The Global Matrix 4.0 on physical activity (PA) for children and adolescents was developed to achieve a comprehensive understanding of the global variation in children’s and adolescents’ (5–17 y) PA, related measures, and key sources of influence. The objectives of this article were (1) to summarize the findings from the Global Matrix 4.0 Report Cards, (2) to compare indicators across countries, and (3) to explore trends related to the Human Development Index and geo-cultural regions. Methods: A total of 57 Report Card teams followed a harmonized process to grade the 10 common PA indicators. An online survey was conducted to collect Report Card Leaders’ top 3 priorities for each PA indicator and their opinions on how the COVID-19 pandemic impacted child and adolescent PA indicators in their country. Results: Overall Physical Activity was the indicator with the lowest global average grade (D), while School and Community and Environment were the indicators with the highest global average grade (C+). An overview of the global situation in terms of surveillance and prevalence is provided for all 10 common PA indicators, followed by priorities and examples to support the development of strategies and policies internationally. Conclusions: The Global Matrix 4.0 represents the largest compilation of children’s and adolescents’ PA indicators to date. While variation in data sources informing the grades across countries was observed, this initiative highlighted low PA levels in children and adolescents globally. Measures to contain the COVID-19 pandemic, local/international conflicts, climate change, and economic change threaten to worsen this situation.
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17
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Vella SA, Schweickle MJ, Sutcliffe J, Liddelow C, Swann C. A Systems Theory of Mental Health in Recreational Sport. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:14244. [PMID: 36361123 PMCID: PMC9656761 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192114244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The focus on mental health outcomes in sport, including the ways in which mental health can be protected and promoted, has become a major international priority for all sports, including the recreational sports system. The aim of this paper is to outline a systems theory of mental health care and promotion that is specific to needs of the recreational sport system so that context-specific, effective policies, interventions, and models of care can be articulated and tested. Based on general systems theory, we offer a preliminary theory and accompanying postulates that outline the general principles that explain mental health in recreational sports. Namely: one of the purposes of the recreational sport system is to protect and promote the mental health of all involved; the recreational sport system is comprised of components (individuals, groups, organisations, communities, society); the role and function of those components vary by context; the purpose of the system is achieved through coordinated and reciprocal relationships between its components; and, the system should be regulated from within to ensure that mental health is protected and promoted. We have also outlined the ways in which the subcomponents of the system interact, their potential influence on mental health in recreational sports, and the ways in which they may be regulated. This information provides a theoretical foundation upon which research, programming, and policy can be based to protect and promote the mental health of all involved in recreational sports.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stewart A. Vella
- School of Psychology, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
- Global Alliance for Mental Health and Sport, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2500, Australia
| | - Matthew J. Schweickle
- School of Psychology, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
- Global Alliance for Mental Health and Sport, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2500, Australia
| | - Jordan Sutcliffe
- School of Psychology, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
- Global Alliance for Mental Health and Sport, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2500, Australia
| | - Caitlin Liddelow
- School of Psychology, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
- Global Alliance for Mental Health and Sport, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2500, Australia
| | - Christian Swann
- Physical Activity, Sport, and Exercise Research Theme, Faculty of Health, Southern Cross University, Coffs Harbour, NSW 2450, Australia
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18
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Tezier B, Guillemin F, Vuillemin A, Johnson S, Lemonnier F, Rostan F, Van Hoye A. Evaluation of implementation and effects of a health-promoting sports club intervention using a mixed-method design: PROSCeSS protocol. BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med 2022; 8:e001444. [PMID: 36213761 PMCID: PMC9535210 DOI: 10.1136/bmjsem-2022-001444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Public authorities and academics have advocated for applying been advocating for the application of the setting-based approach to sports clubs. However, studies have shown that existing health promotion (HP) interventions in sports clubs poorly understand and apply this approach. Moreover, methods used to evaluate these interventions do not inform their implementation process, limiting the generation effectiveness’ proofs. This study aims at evaluating the implementation process and effectiveness of an HP intervention in sports clubs (PROmotion de la Santé dans les ClubS de Spor; PROSCeSS), based on the health-promoting sports club (HPSC) model. A type 3 hybrid design, using a multiphase mixed-method: QUAN→QUAL→ QUAN+QUAL (qual)→QUAL (quan+qual), will be used. Phase A will be a pre–post–quantitative study with one HP officer, five managers and five coaches from 30 sports clubs exploring the effects of the PROSCeSS intervention on HP perceptions and health literacy. Phase B will be focus groups with participants from HP initiatives that the 30 sports clubs will have previously put in place to detect changes in health. Phase C will explain the results of phases A and B by choice of strategies and adherence to standardised steps, measured through semistructured interviews and implementation data collection. Phase D will cross-reference the semistructured interviews, the sports club characteristics questionnaire and the implementation data collection to study the relationships between the context and the implementation process. This protocol will identify ‘what works’, ‘for whom’, in ‘what context’ in terms of HPSC and clarify which intervention components are more effective at improving HP. This evaluation design will help to develop appropriate approaches to evaluate HP interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Anne Vuillemin
- LAHMESS, University of Côte d'Azur, Nice, Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azu, France
| | - Stacey Johnson
- Institut de Cancérologie de l'Ouest, Saint Herblain, Pays de la Loire, France
| | | | | | - Aurélie Van Hoye
- APEMAC, University of Lorraine, Nancy, Grand Est, France,PAfH Research Center, Physical Education and Sport Sciences Department, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
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19
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Psychosocial aspects of sports medicine in pediatric athletes: Current concepts in the 21 st century. Dis Mon 2022:101482. [PMID: 36100481 DOI: 10.1016/j.disamonth.2022.101482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Behavioral aspects of organized sports activity for pediatric athletes are considered in a world consumed with winning at all costs. In the first part of this treatise, we deal with a number of themes faced by our children in their sports play. These concepts include the lure of sports, sports attrition, the mental health of pediatric athletes (i.e., effects of stress, anxiety, depression, suicide in athletes, ADHD and stimulants, coping with injuries, drug use, and eating disorders), violence in sports (i.e., concepts of the abused athlete including sexual abuse), dealing with supervisors (i.e., coaches, parents), peers, the talented athlete, early sports specialization and sports clubs. In the second part of this discussion, we cover ergolytic agents consumed by young athletes in attempts to win at all costs. Sports doping agents covered include anabolic steroids (anabolic-androgenic steroids or AAS), androstenedione, dehydroepiandrostenedione (DHEA), human growth hormone (hGH; also its human recombinant homologue: rhGH), clenbuterol, creatine, gamma hydroxybutyrate (GHB), amphetamines, caffeine and ephedrine. Also considered are blood doping that includes erythropoietin (EPO) and concepts of gene doping. In the last section of this discussion, we look at disabled pediatric athletes that include such concepts as athletes with spinal cord injuries (SCIs), myelomeningocele, cerebral palsy, wheelchair athletes, and amputee athletes; also covered are pediatric athletes with visual impairment, deafness, and those with intellectual disability including Down syndrome. In addition, concepts of autonomic dysreflexia, boosting and atlantoaxial instability are emphasized. We conclude that clinicians and society should protect our precious pediatric athletes who face many challenges in their involvement with organized sports in a world obsessed with winning. There is much we can do to help our young athletes find benefit from sports play while avoiding or blunting negative consequences of organized sport activities.
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20
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McNoe BM, Marsh L, Venter N, Morgaine KC, Reeder AI, McLean RM. National Sporting Organisation Policies: A health promotion opportunity? Health Promot J Austr 2022; 34:480-487. [PMID: 35355357 DOI: 10.1002/hpja.601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective was to identify whether National Sporting Organisations (NSOs) have policy documentation on healthy behaviours (smokefree, sun-protection, healthy food/beverages, and alcohol) and, for organisations with such documentation, whether this is in-line with current scientific evidence of past best practice in cancer prevention. METHODS This cross-sectional policy analysis study was performed September - December 2018 in New Zealand. A content analysis was undertaken using NSO policy documents matched against a framework of key indicators for best practice within health behaviours of interest. Data analysis of the policy process was undertaken through key informant telephone interviews with NSO staff using semi-structured qualitative interviews. RESULTS Of 96 NSOs, nearly half (49%) mentioned smokefree at least once in one of their policy documents, and 47% had an alcohol policy, although in both instances the policies lacked comprehensiveness. Two NSOs had a reasonably comprehensive sun protection policy. Seventeen had at least one specific nutrition policy/guideline. The contents of the latter were primarily related to short-term athletic performance rather than non-communicable disease prevention, specifically promoting hydration during sports participation, and food and nutrition to support sporting performance. Two NSOs had policies relating to the promotion of health food/nutrition more widely. For some NSOs the lack of health-related policies was not a conscious choice but just not considered previously. Other NSOs reported they lacked resources or had other priorities. CONCLUSIONS Although this study clearly demonstrates that many NSOs lack adequate health-related policies, this is not necessarily a conscious choice, but the result of a lack of resources, other priorities, or just that they had not considered developing policies in these areas. A number expressed support for these types of policies although it was apparent that some, particularly smaller NSOs would require assistance in policy template development. It seems probable that the development of health-related policies will only occur if partner agencies become involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- B M McNoe
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Social and Behavioural Research Unit, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - L Marsh
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Social and Behavioural Research Unit, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - N Venter
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Social and Behavioural Research Unit, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - K C Morgaine
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - A I Reeder
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Social and Behavioural Research Unit, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - R M McLean
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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21
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Santinha G, Oliveira R, Gonçalves LJ. Contextual Factors Influencing Young Athletes’ Decision to Do Physical Activity and Choose a Sports’ Club: The Case of Portugal. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10020347. [PMID: 35206961 PMCID: PMC8872401 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10020347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Physical activity and sports are a central part of individuals’ lives throughout the life cycle. During adolescence, its regular practice may contribute to the development of healthy adult lifestyles, decreasing chronic disease incidence. Therefore, the reasons that drive adolescents to start practicing sports in a certain club may be multiple and understanding such causes can be important to design and implement public policies to promote active lifestyles for everyone. In this article, we report the core findings of a research on why young athletes do sports, how they choose their team-training club and how COVID-19 has had an impact on their routines. From a methodological viewpoint, a questionnaire was developed and sent to sport clubs located in NUTS2 Centro Region, Portugal, and results were analyzed through the use of geographic information systems and statistical analysis, namely association tests (Chi-square test), difference tests (Mann–Whitney test and Kruskal–Wallis test), logistic regression and descriptive analysis. Findings show that family, age group, friends, proximity to sports facilities, teammates, and club conditions are the factors that influence adolescents the most. In short, external factors have a significant preponderance to practice physical activity and choose a sports’ club. These findings can provide useful insights for clubs, coaches and policy-makers to become more aware of the relationship between sports practice and accessibility to sports halls, as well as the athletes’ behavior and their connection with the club and basketball practice. As such, these findings can motivate the design of initiatives and strategies to boost sports practice and to find ways for clubs to attract more adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonçalo Santinha
- GOVCOPP, Department of Social, Political and Territorial Sciences, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
- Correspondence:
| | - Rafaela Oliveira
- Department of Social, Political and Territorial Sciences, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal;
| | - Luís Jorge Gonçalves
- Águeda School of Technology and Management (ESTGA-UA), University of Aveiro, 3750-127 Águeda, Portugal;
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Trakman G, Staley K, Forsyth A, Devlin B, Skiadopoulos A, Pearce K, Nicholson M, Belski R. Healthy-Canteen Displays: A Tactic to Encourage Community Sport Canteens to Provide Healthier Food and Beverage Options. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph181910194. [PMID: 34639496 PMCID: PMC8507705 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph181910194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
(1) Background: Community sport settings present a range of conflicting health behaviours, including the tension between being physically active and consuming discretionary foods. Therefore, community sport settings are considered a promising location for health promotion. The aim of this project was to evaluate perceptions, knowledge and the impact (e.g., barriers and outcomes) of a healthy-canteen (cafeteria) display, based on traffic light labeling (TLL), which was set up at an Australian Basketball Association Managers’ Convention and Trade Show. (2) Methods: We set up a healthy ‘canteen display and surveyed Basketball managers on their perceptions of the display before (Survey 1) and after (Survey 2) visiting the display. Three months later they were surveyed (Survey 3) on changes made to their community sport canteens. (3) Results: Eighty-eight, 76 and 22 participants completed Surveys 1, 2 and 3, respectively. Participants believed stocking healthy foods and beverages was important (mean 8.5/10). Food waste, lack of consumer interest and price were identified barriers to stocking healthy foods. After visiting the display, 75% were inspired to make changes and 50% were surprised by the differences between their perceptions of the healthfulness of foods and the TLL ratings. Post-convention, 41% and 70% made or had planned healthy changes to their community sport canteen. (4) Conclusions: A healthy-canteen display is a low-cost, easy-to-implement strategy that may be able to direct self-driven improvement in the healthfulness of foods stocked at community canteens and lead to improved nutritional intakes at these venues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gina Trakman
- School of Allied Health, Human Services and Sport, La Trobe University, Melbourne 3086, Australia; (A.F.); (B.D.)
- Centre for Sport and Social Impact, La Trobe University, Melbourne 3086, Australia; (K.S.); (M.N.); (R.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +61-3-9479-5655
| | - Kiera Staley
- Centre for Sport and Social Impact, La Trobe University, Melbourne 3086, Australia; (K.S.); (M.N.); (R.B.)
| | - Adrienne Forsyth
- School of Allied Health, Human Services and Sport, La Trobe University, Melbourne 3086, Australia; (A.F.); (B.D.)
- Centre for Sport and Social Impact, La Trobe University, Melbourne 3086, Australia; (K.S.); (M.N.); (R.B.)
| | - Brooke Devlin
- School of Allied Health, Human Services and Sport, La Trobe University, Melbourne 3086, Australia; (A.F.); (B.D.)
- Centre for Sport and Social Impact, La Trobe University, Melbourne 3086, Australia; (K.S.); (M.N.); (R.B.)
| | | | - Karen Pearce
- Basketball Victoria, Melbourne 3152, Australia;
- Football Victoria, Melbourne 3004, Australia
| | - Matthew Nicholson
- Centre for Sport and Social Impact, La Trobe University, Melbourne 3086, Australia; (K.S.); (M.N.); (R.B.)
- Research and Development, Monash University Malaysia, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia
| | - Regina Belski
- Centre for Sport and Social Impact, La Trobe University, Melbourne 3086, Australia; (K.S.); (M.N.); (R.B.)
- School of Health Sciences, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne 3122, Australia
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Tovar-García ED. Participation in sports, physical exercise, and wage income: Evidence from Russian longitudinal data. GERMAN JOURNAL OF EXERCISE AND SPORT RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12662-021-00727-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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The associations of different types of sports and exercise with health status and diseases: evidence from Russian longitudinal data. SPORT SCIENCES FOR HEALTH 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11332-021-00734-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Van Hoye A, Johnson S, Geidne S, Donaldson A, Rostan F, Lemonnier F, Vuillemin A. The health promoting sports club model: an intervention planning framework. Health Promot Int 2021; 36:811-823. [PMID: 33111939 DOI: 10.1093/heapro/daaa093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Researchers and policymakers acknowledge sports clubs (SCs) as health promoting settings. Limited research links the health promoting sports club (HPSC) concept with evidence-driven strategies to provide SCs guidance to develop health promotion (HP) interventions. As implementation science insists on theoretically grounded interventions, the present work's objective was to provide SCs an evidence-driven intervention framework for planning, developing and implementing HP initiatives. Four iteratively sequenced steps were undertaken: (i) investigation of 'health promoting' indicators, (ii) adaptation of the HPSC concept to create the HPSC model, (iii) formulation of published evidence-driven guidelines into strategies and implementable intervention components (ICs) and (iv) merging the HPSC model with the ICs to create an intervention planning framework for SCs. First, researchers drafted five HPSC indicators. Second, they defined three SC levels (macro, meso and micro) and four health determinants (organizational, environmental, economic and social) to create an HPSC model. Third, researchers used published guidelines to develop 14 strategies with 55 ICs. Fourth, three workshops (one each with French master-level sport students, French sport and health professionals and Swedish sport and health professionals) had participants classify the ICs into the model. The HPSC model and intervention framework are starting points to plan, select and deliver interventions to increase SC HP. This planning framework is usable in several ways: (i) clubs can apply strategies to achieve specific goals, (ii) clubs can target specific levels with corresponding ICs and (iii) ICs can be used to address particular health determinants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélie Van Hoye
- University of Lorraine, APEMAC, 30 rue du Jardin Botanique, CS 30156, 54600 Villers-lès-Nancy, France
| | | | - Susanna Geidne
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Health Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro SE-701 82, Sweden
| | - Alex Donaldson
- Centre for Sport and Social Impact, La Trobe University, Plenty Road, Bundoora, Victoria 3086, Australia
| | - Florence Rostan
- Santé publique France, 12 rue du Val-d'Osne, 94415 Saint-Maurice Cedex, France
| | - Fabienne Lemonnier
- Santé publique France, 12 rue du Val-d'Osne, 94415 Saint-Maurice Cedex, France
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Eckermann S, McCaffrey N, Tonmukayakul U, Swann C, Vella S. Multiple effects health economic evaluation of the Ahead of The Game Study for mental health promotion in sporting club communities. HEALTH ECONOMICS REVIEW 2021; 11:28. [PMID: 34351526 PMCID: PMC8344206 DOI: 10.1186/s13561-021-00323-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study evaluates the Ahead Of The Game (AOTG) mental health promotion strategy for adolescent males relative to usual practice in team based sporting club community settings, allowing for joint incremental effects across 13 dimensions and 5 domains alongside intervention implementation costs. METHODS Analysis is undertaken between matched communities with difference in differences analysis of joint multiple pre-post effect changes alongside implementation costs employing radar plots in cost-disutility space. A robust bootstrapping method allowed including all observed change in effect data from 343 AOTG and 273 control arm participants across 13 effect dimensions. RESULTS Triangulation across joint evidence shows mean incremental effects favoured AOTG in all dimensions (10/13 significantly at 5% level) and in simple aggregation to each of five pre-specified 5 domains (each significant at < 1% level) and global measures (significant at 0.001% level), while mean AOTG implementation costs were conservatively estimated as $37.47 per participant. CONCLUSION The AOTG strategy was found to represent an effective mental health promotion strategy across all domains and globally with associated significant potential for downstream health system cost savings to offset against modest implementation costs. Evaluation methods extend conventional cost-effectiveness analysis to enable robust joint presentation and triangulation under uncertainty of multiple effect dimensions alongside costs. TRIAL REGISTRATION ANZCTR, ACTRN12617000709347 . Registered 17th May 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Eckermann
- School of Health and Society, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| | - Nikki McCaffrey
- Deakin Health Economics, Institute for Health Transformation, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Utsana Tonmukayakul
- Deakin Health Economics, Institute for Health Transformation, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Christian Swann
- Faculty of Health, Southern Cross University, Coffs Harbour, Australia
| | - Stewart Vella
- School of Psychology, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
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Caswell S, Naylor PJ, Olstad D, Kirk S, Mâsse L, Raine K, Hanning R. Recreation Facility Food and Beverage Environments in Ontario, Canada: An Appeal for Policy. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18158174. [PMID: 34360482 PMCID: PMC8345964 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18158174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Canadian, municipally funded recreation/sport facilities typically have unhealthy food environments. Ontario, unlike some provinces, lacks a voluntary recreation facility nutrition policy. This study assessed the healthfulness of food environments and vending sales in 16 Ontario recreation/sport facilities and, secondarily, compared data from facilities within municipalities that banned versus permitted plastic bottled-water sales (water-ban, n = 8; water, n = 8) to test the nutritional effects of environmental policy. Concession and vending packaged food/beverage offerings and vending sales were audited twice, eighteen months apart. The products were categorized using nutrition guidelines as Sell Most (SM), Sell Sometimes (SS), and Do Not Sell (DNS). Both water and water-ban facilities offered predominantly (>87%) DNS packaged food items. However, proportions of DNS and SM concession and vending beverages differed (p < 0.01). DNS beverages averaged 74% and 88% of vending offerings in water and water-ban facilities, respectively, while SM beverages averaged 14% and 1%, respectively. Mirroring offerings, DNS beverages averaged 79% and 90% of vending sales in water versus water-ban facilities. Ontario recreation/sport facilities provided unhealthy food environments; most food/beverage offerings were energy-dense and nutrient-poor. Water bans were associated with increased facility-based exposure to DNS beverage options. A nutrition policy is recommended to make recreation facility food/beverage environments healthier and to mitigate unintended negative consequences of bottled-water bans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan Caswell
- School of Public Health Sciences, Faculty of Health, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada;
- Correspondence:
| | - Patti-Jean Naylor
- Institute of Applied Physical Activity and Health Research, School of Exercise Science, Physical and Health Education, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 3P1, Canada;
| | - Dana Olstad
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4Z6, Canada;
| | - Sara Kirk
- Healthy Populations Institute, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada;
| | - Louise Mâsse
- BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6H 3V4, Canada;
| | - Kim Raine
- School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1C9, Canada;
| | - Rhona Hanning
- School of Public Health Sciences, Faculty of Health, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada;
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Can Health-Enhancing Sporting Programs in Sports Clubs Lead to a Settings-Based Approach? An Exploratory Qualitative Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18116082. [PMID: 34200013 PMCID: PMC8200194 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18116082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
There is limited knowledge about how a settings-based approach can be best applied in a sports club setting. This qualitative exploratory study examined whether and how sporting programs focusing on individual behavior change (i.e., increasing physical activity levels of inactive people) and implemented on the micro-level of the sports club, can be a first step towards a settings-based approach (i.e., inclusion of the meso- and macro-level of the sports club). In addition, this study explored factors that influenced the inclusion of the meso- and macro-level of the sports club. Telephone interviews were conducted with representatives of sixteen sports clubs about program activities on all levels of the sports club. Thematic analyses were performed to explore stimulating and hindering factors. After multiple years, six sports clubs also had program activities on the meso-level and twelve sports clubs had activities on the macro-level. Program activities differed per level within a sports club and on the same level between sports clubs. Cultural and social factors influenced macro-level activities, while predominantly economic factors influenced meso-level activities. Based on these factors, sports clubs could develop, prioritize, and choose strategies that support them in developing a settings-based approach when increasing physical activity levels of inactive citizens.
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Chagué F, Reboursière E, Israël J, Hager JP, Ngassa P, Geneste M, Guinoiseau JP, Garet G, Girardin J, Sarda J, Cottin Y, Zeller M. Smoking and Vaping in Amateur Rugby Players, Coaches and Referees: Findings from a Regional Survey Might Help to Define Prevention Targets. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18115720. [PMID: 34073509 PMCID: PMC8198015 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18115720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
A high prevalence of cigarette smoking has been documented in France, and new patterns of tobacco and nicotine consumption are emerging, especially in some sports. In the amateur rugby population, data are scarce on harmful consumption and on the awareness of the risk of smoking. We analyzed the consumption of tobacco and other nicotine products in French amateur players, coaches and referees. Amateur players (>12 years old), coaches and referees participating in the Burgundy amateur championship were invited to answer an electronic, anonymous questionnaire during the 2017–2018 sport season. Among the 683 subjects (gender ratio M/F = 0.9), 176 (25.8%) were current smokers, including 32.4% of the referees and 28.2% of the coaches. The prevalence of smokers was higher in females (37.5%) than in males (24.6%). Most (86.4%) smoked within 2 h before/after a rugby session. Only 28 subjects (4.1%) usually vaped; 21 of them (75%) vaped within 2 h before/after a rugby session. Other tobacco or nicotine products were infrequent. The awareness about the risks of smoking before/after sport was incomplete, including in coaches and referees. The prevalence of cigarette smoking is alarming across the whole spectrum of rugby amateur actors. Education programs are urgently needed to reduce tobacco consumption in this at-risk population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frédéric Chagué
- Cardiology Department, University Hospital Center Dijon Bourgogne, 21000 Dijon, France;
- French Rugby Federation, 91460 Marcoussis, France; (E.R.); (J.I.); (J.-P.H.); (P.N.); (M.G.); (J.-P.G.); (G.G.); (J.G.); (J.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-619-748-171
| | - Emmanuel Reboursière
- French Rugby Federation, 91460 Marcoussis, France; (E.R.); (J.I.); (J.-P.H.); (P.N.); (M.G.); (J.-P.G.); (G.G.); (J.G.); (J.S.)
- Sport Medicine Department, University Hospital Center, 14000 Caen, France
| | - Jean Israël
- French Rugby Federation, 91460 Marcoussis, France; (E.R.); (J.I.); (J.-P.H.); (P.N.); (M.G.); (J.-P.G.); (G.G.); (J.G.); (J.S.)
- Cardiology Department, General Hospital, 91640 Bligny, France
| | - Jean-Philippe Hager
- French Rugby Federation, 91460 Marcoussis, France; (E.R.); (J.I.); (J.-P.H.); (P.N.); (M.G.); (J.-P.G.); (G.G.); (J.G.); (J.S.)
- Sport Medicine Department, Centre Orthopédique Santy, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Patrice Ngassa
- French Rugby Federation, 91460 Marcoussis, France; (E.R.); (J.I.); (J.-P.H.); (P.N.); (M.G.); (J.-P.G.); (G.G.); (J.G.); (J.S.)
- Sport Medicine Department, Polyclinique Saint-Laurent, 35700 Rennes, France
| | - Marc Geneste
- French Rugby Federation, 91460 Marcoussis, France; (E.R.); (J.I.); (J.-P.H.); (P.N.); (M.G.); (J.-P.G.); (G.G.); (J.G.); (J.S.)
| | - Jean-Pierre Guinoiseau
- French Rugby Federation, 91460 Marcoussis, France; (E.R.); (J.I.); (J.-P.H.); (P.N.); (M.G.); (J.-P.G.); (G.G.); (J.G.); (J.S.)
| | - Gilles Garet
- French Rugby Federation, 91460 Marcoussis, France; (E.R.); (J.I.); (J.-P.H.); (P.N.); (M.G.); (J.-P.G.); (G.G.); (J.G.); (J.S.)
| | - Jacques Girardin
- French Rugby Federation, 91460 Marcoussis, France; (E.R.); (J.I.); (J.-P.H.); (P.N.); (M.G.); (J.-P.G.); (G.G.); (J.G.); (J.S.)
| | - Jacques Sarda
- French Rugby Federation, 91460 Marcoussis, France; (E.R.); (J.I.); (J.-P.H.); (P.N.); (M.G.); (J.-P.G.); (G.G.); (J.G.); (J.S.)
| | - Yves Cottin
- Cardiology Department, University Hospital Center Dijon Bourgogne, 21000 Dijon, France;
| | - Marianne Zeller
- Physiopathologie et Epidémiologie Cérébro-Cardiovasculaires (PEC2), EA 7460 UFR Sciences de Santé, University of Bourgogne Franche Comté, 21000 Dijon, France;
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Wolbring L, Reimers AK, Niessner C, Demetriou Y, Schmidt SCE, Woll A, Wäsche H. How to disseminate national recommendations for physical activity: a qualitative analysis of critical change agents in Germany. Health Res Policy Syst 2021; 19:78. [PMID: 33957943 PMCID: PMC8101134 DOI: 10.1186/s12961-021-00729-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Physical activity recommendations are reached by only a small part of the population. A common problem is that research findings on public health-related topics such as physical activity promotion are oftentimes not translated into practice. The involvement of relevant stakeholders, such as change agents (role models, decision-makers, and/or knowledge mediators), is a common strategy to implement physical activity recommendations in specific settings, as they have the necessary knowledge of contextual factors. However, dissemination and implementation of physical activity recommendations are often prevented by focusing exclusively on the health sector and by underestimating the individual perceptions and needs of change agents. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to address the problem of how physical activity recommendations can be translated into practice through comprehensive consideration of the situation and context of change agents from various sectors of society at different administrative levels. This allows for deriving recommendations for action on how a national dissemination strategy of physical activity recommendations should be designed. Methods Qualitative expert interviews were conducted with change agents from different sectors of society and administrative levels in Germany (N = 21). Case selection took place via a sampling plan. The interviews were recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analysed by two trained researchers using qualitative content analysis. Results The change agents’ perceived relevance of physical activity and physical activity promotion and their knowledge of physical activity recommendations varied across different sectors. Nine themes were identified covering the change agents’ needs for the implementation of physical activity recommendations: strengthening of political will and cooperation, availability of public space for physical activity, change in awareness and health education, professional qualification, financial incentives, development of physical activity-promoting programmes and structures, provision of resources, bridging the theory–practice gap, and knowledge of physical activity recommendations. Conclusions This exploratory study contributes to the development of an evidence-based dissemination strategy of physical activity recommendations involving change agents from various sectors. Cross-sectoral needs and obstacles were identified indicating gaps that have to be addressed. Future research should choose practice-oriented approaches to develop dissemination strategies that are adapted to the needs of local contexts. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12961-021-00729-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Wolbring
- Institute of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engler-Bunte-Ring 15, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany.
| | - Anne Kerstin Reimers
- Department of Sport Science and Sport, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Gebbertstraße 123b, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Claudia Niessner
- Institute of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engler-Bunte-Ring 15, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Yolanda Demetriou
- Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Georg-Brauchle-Ring 60/62, 80992, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Alexander Woll
- Institute of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engler-Bunte-Ring 15, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Hagen Wäsche
- Institute of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engler-Bunte-Ring 15, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
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Heikkilä L, Korpelainen R, Aira T, Alanko L, Heinonen OJ, Kokko S, Kujala U, Parkkari J, Savonen K, Valtonen M, Vasankari T, Villberg J, Vanhala M. The associations between adolescents’ sports club participation and dietary habits. TRANSLATIONAL SPORTS MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/tsm2.249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Heikkilä
- Department of Sports and Exercise Medicine Oulu Deaconess Institute Foundation sr. Oulu Finland
- Center for Life Course Health Research, Faculty of Medicine University of Oulu Oulu Finland
- Medical Research Center Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu Oulu Finland
| | - Raija Korpelainen
- Department of Sports and Exercise Medicine Oulu Deaconess Institute Foundation sr. Oulu Finland
- Center for Life Course Health Research, Faculty of Medicine University of Oulu Oulu Finland
- Medical Research Center Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu Oulu Finland
| | - Tuula Aira
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences University of Jyväskylä Jyväskylä Finland
| | - Lauri Alanko
- Sports Medicine Clinic Foundation for Sports and Exercise Clinic Helsinki Finland
- Sports and Exercise Medicine Clinic Central Finland Hospital Nova Jyväskylä Finland
| | - Olli J. Heinonen
- Paavo Nurmi Centre & Unit for Physical Activity and Health University of Turku Turku Finland
| | - Sami Kokko
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences University of Jyväskylä Jyväskylä Finland
| | - Urho Kujala
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences University of Jyväskylä Jyväskylä Finland
| | - Jari Parkkari
- Tampere Research Center of Sports Medicine Tampere Finland
| | - Kai Savonen
- Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine Kuopio Finland
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine Kuopio University Hospital Kuopio Finland
| | | | - Tommi Vasankari
- UKK Institute of Health Promotion Research Tampere Finland
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology Tampere University Tampere Finland
| | - Jari Villberg
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences University of Jyväskylä Jyväskylä Finland
| | - Marja Vanhala
- Department of Sports and Exercise Medicine Oulu Deaconess Institute Foundation sr. Oulu Finland
- Center for Life Course Health Research, Faculty of Medicine University of Oulu Oulu Finland
- Medical Research Center Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu Oulu Finland
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A Matched Control Trial of a Mental Health Literacy Intervention for Parents in Community Sports Clubs. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2021; 52:141-153. [PMID: 32367194 DOI: 10.1007/s10578-020-00998-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
This controlled trial evaluated the effectiveness of a mental health literacy intervention for parents delivered through community sport clubs. In total, 540 parents (321 females, 219 males) of adolescent athletes participated in a brief educational workshop on youth mental health (n = 352) or a community-matched control group (n = 188). Generalised linear mixed models revealed no significant improvements in the intervention group compared to control in the primary mental health literacy outcomes, at 1 month follow-up. However, parents in the intervention group were more likely to seek formal help for themselves, had increased confidence and knowledge to help someone experiencing a mental health disorder, experienced reduced psychological distress, and perceived more support from other parents in their sport club, relative to the control group. Overall, the findings suggest that a brief educational intervention delivered through community sports clubs can positively affect some components of parents' mental health literacy.
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Van Hoye A, Johnson S, Lemonnier F, Rostan F, Crochet L, Tezier B, Vuillemin A. Capitalization of Health Promotion Initiatives within French Sports Clubs. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:888. [PMID: 33498585 PMCID: PMC7908457 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18030888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The settings-based approach to health promotion within sports clubs is a growing field of research. Evidence of health promotion intervention effectiveness in scientific literature is scarce, and little is known about their implementation mechanisms. The present study explores how promising health promotion interventions in eight French sports clubs are developed, and how the health promoting sports club's intervention planning framework is applied. A method to collect Experiential Knowledge in health promotion was used, based on two iterative interviews to analyze intervention mechanisms and completed with document analysis. A deductive analysis using the health promoting sports club intervention planning framework was then undertaken. Among the 14 evidence-driven strategies, 13 were implemented in sports clubs (min = 9; max = 13). Policies were not targeted by any of the interventions. Key competencies of the managers of these health promotion interventions were identified: (1) having a deep understanding of the public and environment, (2) acquiring a high capacity to mobilize internal and external human resources, (3) possessing communication skills and (4) having an ability to write grant applications. By using evidence-driven strategies and intervention components, sports professionals can use this experiential knowledge to create successful and sustainable interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélie Van Hoye
- APEMAC, University of Lorraine, 54600 Villers-lès-Nancy, France;
| | - Stacey Johnson
- LAMHESS, Université Côte d’Azur, 06200 Nice, France; (S.J.); (A.V.)
| | - Fabienne Lemonnier
- Department of Health Promotion, Santé Publique France, 94410 Saint-Maurice, France; (F.L.); (F.R.); (L.C.)
| | - Florence Rostan
- Department of Health Promotion, Santé Publique France, 94410 Saint-Maurice, France; (F.L.); (F.R.); (L.C.)
| | - Laurianne Crochet
- Department of Health Promotion, Santé Publique France, 94410 Saint-Maurice, France; (F.L.); (F.R.); (L.C.)
| | - Benjamin Tezier
- APEMAC, University of Lorraine, 54600 Villers-lès-Nancy, France;
| | - Anne Vuillemin
- LAMHESS, Université Côte d’Azur, 06200 Nice, France; (S.J.); (A.V.)
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Johnson S, Van Hoye A, Donaldson A, Lemonnier F, Rostan F, Vuillemin A. Building health-promoting sports clubs: a participative concept mapping approach. Public Health 2020; 188:8-17. [DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2020.08.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Farmer O, Cahill K, O’Brien W. Gaelic4Girls-The Effectiveness of a 10-Week Multicomponent Community Sports-Based Physical Activity Intervention for 8 to 12-Year-Old Girls. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E6928. [PMID: 32971964 PMCID: PMC7557379 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17186928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Girls are less active than boys throughout childhood and adolescence, with limited research focusing on female community sports-based programs. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of a multi-component, community sports-based intervention for increasing girl's physical activity (PA) levels, fundamental movement skill (FMS) proficiency, and psychological wellbeing, as relative to a second treatment group (the traditionally delivered national comparative program), and a third control group. One hundred and twenty female-only participants (mean age = 10.75 ± 1.44 years), aged 8 to 12 years old from three Ladies Gaelic Football (LGF) community sports clubs (rural and suburban) were allocated to one of three conditions: (1) Intervention Group 1 (n = 43) received a novel, specifically tailored, research-informed Gaelic4Girls (G4G) intervention; (2) Intervention Group 2 (n = 44) used the traditionally delivered, national G4G program, as run by the Ladies Gaelic Football (LGF) Association of Ireland; and (3) Control Group 3 (n = 33) received no G4G intervention (group 1 or 2) conditions and were expected to carry out their usual LGF community sports activities. Primary outcome measurements (at both pre- and 10-week follow up) examining the effectiveness of the G4G intervention included (1) PA, (2) FMS and (3) Psychological correlates (enjoyment levels, self-efficacy, peer and parental support). Following a two (pre to post) by three (intervention group 1, intervention group 2, and control group 3) mixed-model ANOVA, it was highlighted that intervention group 1 significantly increased in PA (p = 0.003), FMS proficiency (p = 0.005) and several psychological correlates of PA (p ≤ 0.005). The findings demonstrate that the 10-week, specifically tailored, research-informed G4G intervention is a feasible and efficacious program, leading to a positive effect on the physical and psychological wellbeing of pre-adolescent Irish girls, relative to the traditionally delivered national G4G comparative program and control group conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orlagh Farmer
- Sports Studies and Physical Education Program, School of Education, 2 Lucan Place, Western Road, 0000 Cork, Ireland;
| | - Kevin Cahill
- School of Education, Postgraduate Diploma in Special Educational Needs, University College Cork, 0000 Cork, Ireland;
| | - Wesley O’Brien
- Sports Studies and Physical Education Program, School of Education, 2 Lucan Place, Western Road, 0000 Cork, Ireland;
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Abstract
Background: Sport has been identified as one of the 7 best investments for increasing physical activity levels across the life span. Several questions remain on how to effectively utilize youth sport as a strategy for increasing physical activity and improving health in youth. The purpose of this paper is to identify the main research priorities in the areas of youth sport and physical activity for health.Methods: An international expert panel was convened, selected to cover a wide spectrum of topics related to youth sport. The group developed a draft set of potential research priorities, and relevant research was scoped. Through an iterative process, the group reached consensus on the top 10 research priorities.Results: The 10 research priorities were identified related to sport participation rates, physical activity from sport, the contribution of sport to health, and the overall return on investment from youth sport. For each research priority, the current evidence is summarized, key research gaps are noted, and immediate research needs are suggested.Conclusion: The identified research priorities are intended to guide researchers, policymakers, and practitioners to increase the evidence base on which to base the design, delivery, and policies of youth sport programs to deliver health benefits.
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Ng K, Kokko S, Tammelin T, Kallio J, Belton S, O'Brien W, Murphy M, Powell C, Woods C. Clusters of Adolescent Physical Activity Tracker Patterns and Their Associations With Physical Activity Behaviors in Finland and Ireland: Cross-Sectional Study. J Med Internet Res 2020; 22:e18509. [PMID: 32667894 PMCID: PMC7492981 DOI: 10.2196/18509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Physical activity trackers (PATs) such as apps and wearable devices (eg, sports watches, heart rate monitors) are increasingly being used by young adolescents. Despite the potential of PATs to help monitor and improve moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) behaviors, there is a lack of research that confirms an association between PAT ownership or use and physical activity behaviors at the population level. Objective The purpose of this study was to examine the ownership and use of PATs in youth and their associations with physical activity behaviors, including daily MVPA, sports club membership, and active travel, in 2 nationally representative samples of young adolescent males and females in Finland and Ireland. Methods Comparable data were gathered in the 2018 Finnish School-aged Physical Activity (F-SPA 2018, n=3311) and the 2018 Irish Children’s Sport Participation and Physical Activity (CSPPA 2018, n=4797) studies. A cluster analysis was performed to obtain the patterns of PAT ownership and usage by adolescents (age, 11-15 years). Four similar clusters were identified across Finnish and Irish adolescents: (1) no PATs, (2) PAT owners, (3) app users, and (4) wearable device users. Adjusted binary logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate how PAT clusters were associated with physical activity behaviors, including daily MVPA, membership of sports clubs, and active travel, after stratification by gender. Results The proportion of app ownership among Finnish adolescents (2038/3311, 61.6%) was almost double that of their Irish counterparts (1738/4797, 36.2%). Despite these differences, the clustering patterns of PATs were similar between the 2 countries. App users were more likely to take part in daily MVPA (males, odds ratio [OR] 1.27, 95% CI 1.04-1.55; females, OR 1.49, 95% CI 1.20-1.85) and be members of sports clubs (males, OR 1.37, 95% CI 1.15-1.62; females, OR 1.25, 95% CI 1.07-1.50) compared to the no PATs cluster, after adjusting for country, age, family affluence, and disabilities. These associations, after the same adjustments, were even stronger for wearable device users to participate in daily MVPA (males, OR 1.83, 95% CI 1.49-2.23; females, OR 2.25, 95% CI 1.80-2.82) and be members of sports clubs (males, OR 1.88, 95% CI 1.55-2.88; females, OR 2.07, 95% CI 1.71-2.52). Significant associations were observed between male users of wearable devices and taking part in active travel behavior (OR 1.39, 95% CI 1.04-1.86). Conclusions Although Finnish adolescents report more ownership of PATs than Irish adolescents, the patterns of use and ownership remain similar among the cohorts. The findings of our study show that physical activity behaviors were positively associated with wearable device users and app users. These findings were similar between males and females. Given the cross-sectional nature of this data, the relationship between using apps or wearable devices and enhancing physical activity behaviors requires further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwok Ng
- School of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Eastern Finland, Joensuu, Finland.,Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.,Physical Activity for Health Cluster, Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Sami Kokko
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyvaskyla, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Tuija Tammelin
- LIKES Research Centre for Physical Activity and Health, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Jouni Kallio
- LIKES Research Centre for Physical Activity and Health, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Sarahjane Belton
- School of Health and Human Performance, Faculty of Science and Health, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Wesley O'Brien
- School of Education, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Marie Murphy
- School of Sport, Ulster University, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Cormac Powell
- Physical Activity for Health Cluster, Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.,Performance Department, Swim Ireland, Irish Sport HQ, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Catherine Woods
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.,Physical Activity for Health Cluster, Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
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Burns S, Evans M, Jancey J, Portsmouth L, Maycock B. Influences of club connectedness among young adults in Western Australian community-based sports clubs. BMC Public Health 2020; 20:733. [PMID: 32429870 PMCID: PMC7238631 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-020-08836-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Along with physical benefits, community-based sport provides opportunities to enhance connectedness, an important protective factor of social and emotional health. However, young Australians participating in sport have been found to drink alcohol at higher levels than their non-sporting peers, and many clubs serve unhealthy food and beverages. This study explored the association between the dependent variable, level of alcohol consumption (AUDIT-C) and connectedness to club and other health behaviours among young people aged 18-30 years who play club sport in Western Australia. METHODS An online cross sectional survey measured levels of alcohol consumption (AUDIT-C), alcohol-related harm, connectedness (including volunteering and team cohesion), mental wellbeing, healthy food options and club sponsorship among young adults aged 18-30 years involved in sports clubs in Western Australia (n = 242). Relationships and association between the dependent variable (AUDIT-C) and independent variables were assessed. RESULTS Male sportspeople were more likely to drink alcohol at high-risk levels than females (p < .001), and respondents belonging to a club that received alcohol-related sponsorship were more likely to drink at high-risk levels (p = .019). Females were significantly more likely to want healthy food and beverage options provided at their clubs (p = 0.011). When all factors were considered team cohesion (p = 0.02), alcohol expectations (p = < .001), occurrences of experienced alcohol-related harm (p = <.001) and length of club membership (p = 0.18) were significant predictors of high-risk AUDIT-C (R2 = .34, adjusted R2 = .33, F (4, 156) = 20.43, p = <.001). High-risk AUDIT-C and club connectedness predicted strong team cohesion (R2 = .39, adjusted R2 = .39, F (2, 166) = 53.74, p = <.001). CONCLUSIONS Findings from this study may inform policy and practice to enhance healthy behaviours among young adults participating in community sports clubs in Australia and other countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharyn Burns
- Collaboration for Evidence, Research and Impact in Public Health, School of Public Health, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, Western Australia 6845 Australia
| | - Melissa Evans
- Collaboration for Evidence, Research and Impact in Public Health, School of Public Health, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, Western Australia 6845 Australia
| | - Jonine Jancey
- Collaboration for Evidence, Research and Impact in Public Health, School of Public Health, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, Western Australia 6845 Australia
| | - Linda Portsmouth
- Collaboration for Evidence, Research and Impact in Public Health, School of Public Health, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, Western Australia 6845 Australia
| | - Bruce Maycock
- Collaboration for Evidence, Research and Impact in Public Health, School of Public Health, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, Western Australia 6845 Australia
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Johnson S, Vuillemin A, Geidne S, Kokko S, Epstein J, Van Hoye A. Measuring Health Promotion in Sports Club Settings: A Modified Delphi Study. HEALTH EDUCATION & BEHAVIOR 2019; 47:78-90. [PMID: 31933396 DOI: 10.1177/1090198119889098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Settings-based approaches have become an increasing health promotion focus since the World Health Organization's 1986 Ottawa Charter. While schools, cities, and prisons have implemented this approach, its development within sports environments is recent. Sports are a popular leisure-time activity, requiring validated tools to measure health promotion activity. This study's aim was to develop a measurement tool based on international consensus that measures perceptions of health promotion within sports clubs. It is grounded in the settings-based approach and builds on theory from previous works expanding their context and knowledge. An online, three-round international Delphi study was conducted, inviting experts in sports and health fields to participate in designing the tool. Round 1 created a collaborative list of items; Round 2 validated items based on relevance, importance, and feasibility; and the final round classified items into one determinant category-social, cultural, environmental, or economic. Panelists (69 experts) from 13 countries participated, creating a final list of 62 items at 3 organizational levels; the sports club level included 23 items, the officials level retained 20 items, and the coaching level contained 19 items. This study provides several innovations: (1) applying the settings-based approach to health promotion within sports clubs, (2) defining each club level (sports club, official, coaching) and determinants (social, cultural, environmental, economic) within 3-levels, (3) creating a tool that measures perceptions of health-promotion activities per level and determinant, and (4) obtaining expert consensus on included items. These advancements allow further research on promoting health within sports clubs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Sami Kokko
- University of Jyvaskyla, Jyväskylä, Finland
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Sports Participation, Health Behaviours, and Body Fat during Childhood and Early Adolescence: A Multiple Mediation. J Sci Med Sport 2019; 22:1324-1329. [PMID: 31427209 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2019.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Revised: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to simultaneously explore multiple pathways through which sports participation during childhood and adolescence may be associated with adiposity over time. DESIGN Data were drawn from the Kindergarten cohort of the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children. A total of 4286 children provided sports participation data at age 10 years and were followed up 24 and 48 months later. METHOD Time spent in organised sports at age 10 years and time spent in physical activity at age 12 years were measured via parental-reported time-use diary. Dietary behaviours were self-reported at age 12 years. Screen time was parent-reported. Body fat was measured at age 14 using bioelectrical impedance analysis. Two parallel multiple mediation models were tested to examine the longitudinal associations between sport participation at age 10 and body fat at age 14 via the mediating variables of physical activity, screen time, and dietary behaviours. One model was run for all participants, and a second model was run only for those participants who reported participating in organised sports. RESULTS There were no significant indirect relationships between sports participation and body fat via any of the mediating variables in the total sample, or among sport participants. CONCLUSIONS There is a dearth of evidence to support substantial rhetoric and policy to promote organised sports programs as public health initiatives in their current form during childhood and adolescence. Better quality evidence is needed, however, modifications to sport programs may be necessary to elucidate meaningful benefits for adiposity.
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Geidne S, Kokko S, Lane A, Ooms L, Vuillemin A, Seghers J, Koski P, Kudlacek M, Johnson S, Van Hoye A. Health Promotion Interventions in Sports Clubs: Can We Talk About a Setting-Based Approach? A Systematic Mapping Review. HEALTH EDUCATION & BEHAVIOR 2019; 46:592-601. [PMID: 30795690 DOI: 10.1177/1090198119831749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Many researchers and authorities have recognized the important role that sports clubs can play in public health. In spite of attempts to create a theoretical framework in the early 2000s, a thorough understanding of sports clubs as a setting for health promotion (HP) is lacking. Despite calls for more effective, sustainable, and theoretically grounded interventions, previous literature reviews have identified no controlled studies assessing HP interventions in sports clubs. This systematic mapping review details how the settings-based approach is applied through HP interventions in sports clubs and highlights facilitators and barriers for sports clubs to become health-promoting settings. In addition, the mapped facilitators and barriers have been used to reformulate previous guidelines of HP in sports clubs. Seven databases were searched for empirical research published between 1986 and 2017. Fifty-eight studies were included, principally coming from Australia and Europe, describing 33 unique interventions, which targeted mostly male participants in team sports. The settings-based approach was not yet applied in sports clubs, as more than half of the interventions implemented in sports club targeted only one level of the socio-ecological model, as well as focused only on study participants rather than the club overall. Based on empirical data, the analysis of facilitators and barriers helped develop revised guidelines for sports clubs to implement settings-based HP. This will be particularly useful when implementing HP initiatives to aid in the development of sports clubs working with a whole setting approach.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sami Kokko
- 2 University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Aoife Lane
- 3 Athlone Institute of Technology, Athlone, Ireland
| | - Linda Ooms
- 4 Mulier Institute, Utrecht, the Netherlands
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McFadyen T, Chai LK, Wyse R, Kingsland M, Yoong SL, Clinton-McHarg T, Bauman A, Wiggers J, Rissel C, Williams CM, Wolfenden L. Strategies to improve the implementation of policies, practices or programmes in sporting organisations targeting poor diet, physical inactivity, obesity, risky alcohol use or tobacco use: a systematic review. BMJ Open 2018; 8:e019151. [PMID: 30244204 PMCID: PMC6157511 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-019151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The primary aim for this review is to determine the effectiveness of strategies to improve the implementation of policies, practices or programmes in sporting organisations. The secondary aims are to describe the cost or cost-effectiveness and adverse effects of such strategies and to examine the effects of those implementation strategies on individual's diet, physical activity, obesity, alcohol use or tobacco use. METHODS We conducted searches of academic databases (eg, MEDLINE, EMBASE and CENTRAL), trial registers and hand searches of selected journals. Studies were included if they were conducted at a sporting venue; described a strategy to improve implementation of policies, practices or programmes focusing on one or more health risks (diet, physical inactivity, obesity, alcohol or tobacco use), and included a parallel control group. Two authors independently screened citations and extracted data. The results of included studies were synthesised narratively. RESULTS Of the 5926 citations screened three studies met the inclusion criteria. Two studies were randomised controlled trials. Two studies sought to improve the implementation of nutrition-related policy and practices and one study sought to improve implementation of alcohol-related policy and practices. Each study reported improvement in at least one measure of policy or practice implementation. Two studies reported individual-level outcomes and found a reduction in excessive alcohol consumption and an increase in purchase of fruits and vegetables at the sports club ground. Two studies assessed club revenue as a potential adverse effect, neither reported significant between-group differences on these measures. CONCLUSION There is a sparse evidence base regarding the effectiveness of strategies to improve the implementation of policies, practices or programmes targeting chronic disease risk factors in sporting clubs. While all studies reported some improvements in implementation, for some multistrategic implementation strategies it is difficult to determine the extent to which such effects are generalisable. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42016039490.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tameka McFadyen
- School of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Population Health, Hunter New England, Wallsend, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Li Kheng Chai
- School of Health Sciences, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Rebecca Wyse
- School of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Melanie Kingsland
- School of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Sze Lin Yoong
- School of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Tara Clinton-McHarg
- School of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Adrian Bauman
- School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - John Wiggers
- School of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Population Health, Hunter New England, Wallsend, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Chris Rissel
- School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | - Luke Wolfenden
- School of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Population Health, Hunter New England, Wallsend, New South Wales, Australia
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McFadyen T, Tindall J, Wiggers J, Kingsland M, Sherker S, Gillham K, Rowland B, Heaton R, Lecathelinais C, Wolfenden L. Alcohol management practices in community sporting clubs: Validation of an online self-report tool. Drug Alcohol Rev 2018; 37:580-587. [PMID: 29876978 DOI: 10.1111/dar.12816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Revised: 03/30/2018] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND AIMS Those involved in organised sport have a high risk of excessive alcohol consumption and alcohol-related harm, the implementation of alcohol management practices have been proven to reduce these risks. Measuring alcohol management practice implementation by sporting clubs is impeded by a lack of valid tools. The aim of this study was to determine the validity of online self-report of alcohol-management practices by community football clubs via comparison with observational methods. DESIGN AND METHODS A cross-sectional study was undertaken with a sample of community football clubs within Australia. The implementation of 12 alcohol management practices was collected via: (i) an online survey; and (ii) observational audit at a clubs home ground. The prevalence of implementation of alcohol management practices for both data collection methods was calculated as was percent agreement and Kappa/Prevalence Adjusted and Bias Adjusted Kappa (PABAK) statistics. RESULTS Data were collected from 58 football clubs. For both assessment methods, implementation prevalence was greater than 80% for 6 of the 12 alcohol management practices. A total of 75% (n = 9) of practices had at least 70% agreement between the online and observation methods of assessment. Kappa/PABAK scores ranged from -0.08 (poor agreement) to 0.97 (almost perfect agreement). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION The online survey provided valid measure of assessing some but not all alcohol management practices in community sporting clubs. The validity of the measure may be improved by enhancements to the manner in which the self-report data are collected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tameka McFadyen
- Hunter New England Population Health, Newcastle, Australia.,School of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
| | | | - John Wiggers
- Hunter New England Population Health, Newcastle, Australia.,School of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Melanie Kingsland
- Hunter New England Population Health, Newcastle, Australia.,School of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
| | | | - Karen Gillham
- Hunter New England Population Health, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Bosco Rowland
- School of Psychology, Deakin University, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | | | - Luke Wolfenden
- Hunter New England Population Health, Newcastle, Australia.,School of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
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Ooms L, Leemrijse C, Collard D, Schipper-van Veldhoven N, Veenhof C. Characteristics of insufficiently active participants that benefit from health-enhancing physical activity (HEPA) promotion programs implemented in the sports club setting. BMC Public Health 2018; 18:685. [PMID: 29859064 PMCID: PMC5984747 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-018-5579-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2017] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Health-enhancing physical activity (HEPA) promotion programs are implemented in sports clubs. The purpose of this study was to examine the characteristics of the insufficiently active participants that benefit from these programs. METHODS Data of three sporting programs, developed for insufficiently active adults, were used for this study. These sporting programs were implemented in different sports clubs in the Netherlands. Participants completed an online questionnaire at baseline and after six months (n = 458). Of this sample, 35.1% (n = 161) was insufficiently active (i.e. not meeting HEPA levels) at baseline. Accordingly, two groups were compared: participants who were insufficiently active at baseline, but increased their physical activity to HEPA levels after six months (activated group, n = 86) versus participants who were insufficiently active both at baseline and after six months (non-activated group, n = 75). Potential associated characteristics (demographic, social, sport history, physical activity) were included as independent variables in bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses. RESULTS The percentage of active participants increased significantly from baseline to six months (from 64.9 to 76.9%, p < 0.05). The bivariate logistic regression analyses showed that participants in the activated group were more likely to receive support from family members with regard to their sport participation (62.8% vs. 42.7%, p = 0.02) and spent more time in moderate-intensity physical activity (128 ± 191 min/week vs. 70 ± 106 min/week, p = 0.02) at baseline compared with participants in the non-activated group. These results were confirmed in the multivariate logistic regression analyses: when receiving support from most family members, there is a 216% increase in the odds of being in the activated group (OR = 2.155; 95% CI: 1.118-4.154, p = 0.02) and for each additional 1 min/week spent in moderate-intensity physical activity, the odds increases with 0.3% (OR = 1.003; 95% CI: 1.001-1.006, p = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that HEPA sporting programs can be used to increase HEPA levels of insufficiently active people, but it seems a challenge to reach the least active ones. It is important that promotional strategies and channels are tailored to the target group. Furthermore, strategies that promote family support may enhance the impact of the programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Ooms
- Netherlands Institute for Health Services Research (NIVEL), PO Box 1568, 3500 BN Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Mulier Institute, PO Box 85445, 3508 AK Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Chantal Leemrijse
- Netherlands Institute for Health Services Research (NIVEL), PO Box 1568, 3500 BN Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Dorine Collard
- Mulier Institute, PO Box 85445, 3508 AK Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Nicolette Schipper-van Veldhoven
- Windesheim University, Research Group for Sport Pedagogy, PO Box 10090, 8000 GB Zwolle, the Netherlands
- Netherlands Olympic Committee and Netherlands Sports Federation (NOC*NSF), PO Box 302, 6800 AH Arnhem, the Netherlands
| | - Cindy Veenhof
- Physical Therapy Research, Department of Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy Sciences & Sports, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, PO Box 85500, 3508 GA Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Expertise Center Innovation of Care, Research Group Innovation of Mobility Care, University of Applied Sciences Utrecht, PO Box 12011, 3501 AA Utrecht, the Netherlands
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Meganck J, Seghers J, Scheerder J. Exploring strategies to improve the health promotion orientation of Flemish sports clubs. Health Promot Int 2018; 32:681-690. [PMID: 26931127 DOI: 10.1093/heapro/daw004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Sports clubs are increasingly recognized as an innovative setting for health promotion, as exemplified by the health promoting sports club concept. This study aims to assess the health promotion orientation of both youth sports clubs (YSC) and adult sports clubs (ASC) in Flanders and to identify the motives and barriers as reported by their representatives as a basis for proposing intervention strategies to improve the health promotion orientation in sports clubs. A total of 253 Flemish sports clubs, consisting of 156 YSC and of 97 ASC, completed the online questionnaire, covering club characteristics (e.g. finances, human resources), perceived motives and barriers for health promotion and the health promoting sports club index. Even though YSC were more health promoting than ASC, the results indicated that all sports clubs could improve their health promotion orientation. The most consistent predictors of health promotion orientation are perceived motives index for YSC and perceived lack of resources for ASC. Based on these results, interventions to enhance the health promoting orientation need to tackle the lack of resources such as lack of expertise regarding health promotion. Interventions aimed specifically at YSC should emphasize the direct benefits, for example by demonstrating how health promotion helps clubs to improve the provision of high quality sports participation and by awarding a health promotion quality label.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeroen Meganck
- Department of Kinesiology, Physical Activity, Sports & Health Research Group, KU Leuven-University of Leuven, Tervuursevest 101, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jan Seghers
- Department of Kinesiology, Physical Activity, Sports & Health Research Group, KU Leuven-University of Leuven, Tervuursevest 101, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jeroen Scheerder
- Department of Kinesiology, Policy in Sports & Physical Activity Research Group, KU Leuven-University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Kokko S, Donaldson A, Geidne S, Seghers J, Scheerder J, Meganck J, Lane A, Kelly B, Casey M, Eime R, Villberg J, Kannas L. Piecing the puzzle together: case studies of international research in health-promoting sports clubs. Glob Health Promot 2017; 23:75-84. [PMID: 27199020 DOI: 10.1177/1757975915601615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2015] [Accepted: 06/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This paper seeks to review the current international health-promoting sports club (HPSC) research, drawing together findings based on case studies from various countries to illustrate the status of HPSCs. In addition, future challenges for HPSC research and implementation are considered. The review includes six case studies from five countries. In summary, there are two major research themes in this area, namely 'research into HPSC activity' and 'research into HPSC networks'. The first theme investigates the extent to which sports clubs and/or national sports organisations invest in health promotion (HP) - both in policy and practice. The latter theme is driven by an intention to widen the scope of HPSCs to reach novel internal actors, like parents, siblings, etc., and/or external non-sporting bodies, like communities, schools, etc. The future challenges for HPSC research require a better understanding of the motives, barriers and capacities of sports clubs and coaches. Sports organisations, clubs and coaches generally support the intent of the HPSC concept, but even with the best evidence- or theory-based HP programmes/guidelines/standards, nothing will happen in practice if the nature and capacities of sports clubs are not better acknowledged. Therefore, a call for embracing implementation science is finally made to enhance implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sami Kokko
- Research Centre for Health Promotion, Department of Health Sciences, University of Jyvaskyla, Finland
| | - Alex Donaldson
- Australian Centre for Research into Injury in Sport and its Prevention (ACRISP), Federation University Australia, Ballarat, Australia
| | - Susanna Geidne
- School of Health and Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Sweden
| | - Jan Seghers
- Physical Activity, Sports & Health Research Group, Department of Kinesiology, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jeroen Scheerder
- Policy in Sports & Physical Activity Research Group, Department of Kinesiology, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jeroen Meganck
- Physical Activity, Sports & Health Research Group, Department of Kinesiology, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Belgium
| | - Aoife Lane
- Centre for Health Behaviour Research, Department of Health, Sport and Exercise Science, Waterford Institute of Technology, Ireland
| | - Bridget Kelly
- Early Start Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Australia
| | - Meghan Casey
- School of Health Sciences and Psychology, Federation University Australia, Ballarat, Australia
| | - Rochelle Eime
- School of Health Sciences and Psychology, Federation University Australia, Ballarat, Australia Institute of Sport, Exercise and Active Living, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jari Villberg
- Research Centre for Health Promotion, Department of Health Sciences, University of Jyvaskyla, Finland
| | - Lasse Kannas
- Research Centre for Health Promotion, Department of Health Sciences, University of Jyvaskyla, Finland
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Ooms L, Veenhof C, de Bakker DH. The Start2Bike program is effective in increasing health-enhancing physical activity: a controlled study. BMC Public Health 2017; 17:606. [PMID: 28662659 PMCID: PMC5493001 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-017-4523-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The sports club is seen as a new relevant setting to promote health-enhancing physical activity (HEPA) among inactive population groups. Little is known about the effectiveness of strategies and activities implemented in the sports club setting on increasing HEPA levels. This study investigated the effects of Start2Bike, a six-week training program for inactive adults and adult novice cyclers, on HEPA levels of participants in the Netherlands. METHODS To measure physical activity, the Short QUestionnaire to ASsess Health-enhancing physical activity was used (SQUASH). Start2Bike participants were measured at baseline, six weeks and six months. A matched control group was measured at baseline and six months. The main outcome measure was whether participants met the Dutch Norm for Health-enhancing Physical Activity (DNHPA: 30 min of moderate-intensity activity on five days a week); Fit-norm (20 min of vigorous-intensity activity on three days a week); and Combi-norm (meeting the DNHPA and/or Fit-norm). Other outcome measures included: total minutes of physical activity per week; and minutes of physical activity per week per domain and intensity category. Statistical analyses consisted of McNemar tests and paired t-tests (within-group changes); and multiple logistic and linear regression analyses (between-group changes). RESULTS In the Start2Bike group, compliance with Dutch physical activity norms increased significantly, both after six weeks and six months. Control group members did not alter their physical activity behavior. Between-group analyses showed that participants in the Start2Bike group were more likely to meet the Fit-norm at the six-month measurement compared to the control group (odds ratio = 2.5; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.1-5.8, p = 0.03). This was due to the Start2Bike participants spending on average 193 min/week more in vigorous-intensity activities (b = 193; 95% CI = 94-293, p < 0.001) and 130 min/week more in sports activities (b = 130; 95% CI = 82-178, p < 0.001) than control group members. CONCLUSIONS Start2Bike positively influences HEPA levels of participants by increasing participation in sport. A relatively short sporting program, offered by a sports club, can be used to encourage less active people to engage in and continue sport at HEPA levels. Overall, sport can contribute to health through increased HEPA and the sports club can serve as a setting to stimulate this.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Ooms
- Netherlands Institute for Health Services Research (NIVEL), PO Box 1568, 3500 BN, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Cindy Veenhof
- Physical Therapy Research, Program in Clinical Health Sciences & Department of Rehabilitation, Nursing Science and Sport, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, PO Box 85500, 3508 GA, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Utrecht University of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Health Care, PO Box 12011, 3501 AA, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Dinny H. de Bakker
- Netherlands Institute for Health Services Research (NIVEL), PO Box 1568, 3500 BN, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Scientific Center for Transformation in Care and Welfare (Tranzo), Tilburg University, PO Box 90153, 5000 LE, Tilburg, The Netherlands
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Rossi M, Pasanen K, Kokko S, Alanko L, Heinonen OJ, Korpelainen R, Savonen K, Selänne H, Vasankari T, Kannas L, Kujala U, Villberg J, Parkkari J. Low back and neck and shoulder pain in members and non-members of adolescents' sports clubs: the Finnish Health Promoting Sports Club (FHPSC) study. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2016; 17:263. [PMID: 27370945 PMCID: PMC4930616 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-016-1114-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2016] [Accepted: 06/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence of self-reported low back pain (LBP) and neck and shoulder pain (NSP), and the related factors in members and non-members of adolescents' sports clubs. METHODS This cross-sectional study was based on surveys of 14-16-year-olds as a part of the Finnish Health Promoting Sports Club (FHPSC) Study. The surveys on self-reported health behaviours, injuries, and musculoskeletal health were conducted among sports club members (n = 962) and non-members (n = 675). Binary logistic regression analysis was applied to study the associations between dependent variables of LBP and NSP, and the independent factors. RESULTS The prevalence of LBP during the preceding 3 months was 35.0 % in girls and 24.5 % in boys (p < 0.05 for sex difference). The prevalence of NSP was 55.9 % in girls and 27.3 % in boys (p < 0.001 for sex difference). Being a sports club member increased the odds for LBP in boys (odds ratio [OR] 2.35, 95 % CI 1.48-3.72). On the other hand, sports club participation was associated with lower odds of frequent NSP in girls (OR 0.52, 95 % CI 0.33-0.82). No associations were found between other leisure-time physical activity and LBP or NSP. Higher screen time (computer games, TV/DVD, phone, Internet) during leisure-time increased the odds of NSP in boys and LBP in boys and girls. CONCLUSIONS In this study, self-reported LBP and NSP were already relatively common among adolescents. Girls have a higher risk for reporting LBP and NSP. Measures that are more effective in the prevention of LBP in male sports club members are needed. Excessive screen time is weakly associated with LBP and NSP, which should be taken into account in health promotion among adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Rossi
- Tampere Research Center of Sports Medicine, P.O. Box 30, FI-33501, Tampere, Finland.
| | - K Pasanen
- Tampere Research Center of Sports Medicine, P.O. Box 30, FI-33501, Tampere, Finland.,UKK Institute for Health Promotion Research, P.O. Box 30, FI-33501, Tampere, Finland
| | - S Kokko
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - L Alanko
- Clinic for Sports and Exercise Medicine, Alppikatu 2, FI-00530, Helsinki, Finland
| | - O J Heinonen
- Paavo Nurmi Centre & Department of Health and Physical Activity, University of Turku, Kiinamyllynkatu 10, FI-20520, Turku, Finland
| | - R Korpelainen
- Department of Sports and Exercise Clinic, Oulu Deaconess Institute, Albertinkatu 18, FI-90100, Oulu, Finland.,University of Oulu, Center for Life Course Health Research, Oulu, Finland.,Medical Research Center, University of Oulu and University Hospital of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - K Savonen
- Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Haapaniementie 16, FI-70100, Kuopio, Finland
| | - H Selänne
- LIKES Foundation for Sports and Health Sciences and Mehiläinen Physical Activity Clinic, P.O. Box 35, FI-40720, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - T Vasankari
- UKK Institute for Health Promotion Research, P.O. Box 30, FI-33501, Tampere, Finland
| | - L Kannas
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - U Kujala
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - J Villberg
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - J Parkkari
- Tampere Research Center of Sports Medicine, P.O. Box 30, FI-33501, Tampere, Finland.,UKK Institute for Health Promotion Research, P.O. Box 30, FI-33501, Tampere, Finland
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50
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Van Hoye A, Heuzé JP, Larsen T, Sarrazin P. Comparison of coaches' perceptions and officials guidance towards health promotion in French sport clubs: a mixed method study. HEALTH EDUCATION RESEARCH 2016; 31:328-338. [PMID: 27060789 DOI: 10.1093/her/cyw015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2015] [Accepted: 03/17/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Despite the call to improve health promotion (HP) in sport clubs in the existing literature, little is known about sport clubs' organizational capacity. Grounded within the setting-based framework, this study compares HP activities and guidance among 10 football clubs. At least three grassroots coaches from each club (n = 68) completed the Health Promoting Sports Clubs scale to assess their perceptions of HP; an official (n = 10) was interviewed about club's activities and official's guidance provided to coaches. A concurrent embedded design with quantitative results guiding the qualitative analysis was used. Despite no significant differences regarding coaches' perceptions of HP between the 10 sport clubs, except for the policy dimension, officials' interviews revealed some contradictions. Sport participation was recognized as automatically promoting HP, meaning that sport practice entails many benefits, without questioning the nature of the activities. HP was considered as a secondary aim in regard to sport performance, leading to the lack of written policies, partnerships and sporadic HP activities. Future interventions should consider: (i) the creation of required policy and long-term vision; (ii) the link between HP and sport performance; (iii) the rootedness of sport clubs within their community and (iv) guidelines towards HP from sport federations.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Van Hoye
- University of Grenoble Alpes, SENS, Grenoble, F-38000, France
| | - J-P Heuzé
- University of Grenoble Alpes, SENS, Grenoble, F-38000, France
| | - T Larsen
- Department of Health Promotion and Development, University of Bergen, Bergen, 5015, Norway
| | - P Sarrazin
- University of Grenoble Alpes, SENS, Grenoble, F-38000, France
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