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Moran J, Sandercock G, Shaw BS, Freeman P, Kerr C, Shaw I. The relationship between modifiable lifestyle behaviours and self-reported health in children and adolescents in the United Kingdom. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0303575. [PMID: 38753648 PMCID: PMC11098376 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0303575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity, along with its associated health issues, is closely tied to lifestyle habits. While certain elements affecting childhood health, such as genetics and ethnicity, are beyond individuals' control, there exists modifiable lifestyle behaviours that can facilitate healthier living. This study employed multiple regression analysis to investigate the relationship between specific modifiable lifestyle behaviours and self-reported health. The independent variables considered included days of moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA), fruit and vegetable consumption, breakfast frequency, school night sleep duration, and non-school night sleep duration. These variables were chosen for their practical modifiability within participants' daily lives. The analysis revealed a highly significant overall model (F(13,11363) = 191.117, p < .001), explaining 17.9% of the variance in self-reported health. Notably, higher MVPA levels were associated with improved self-reported health (B = 0.136 to 0.730, p < .001). Additionally, regular breakfast consumption and increased fruit and vegetable intake exhibited positive associations with self-reported health (B = 0.113 to 0.377, p < .001), while girls reported lower self-reported health (B = -0.079, p < .001). School night sleep duration was positively linked to self-reported health (B = 0.071, p < .001). Furthermore, a dose-response relationship between MVPA, dietary habits, and health was identified. These findings hold substantial potential for public health campaigns to promote healthy behaviours and prevent chronic diseases in young individuals. It is imperative to emphasise that all the variables considered in this study are readily modifiable aspects of individuals' lives, offering a promising avenue for personal health and well-being enhancement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Moran
- School of Sport, Rehabilitation, and Exercise Sciences, University of Essex, Colchester, United Kingdom
| | - Gavin Sandercock
- School of Sport, Rehabilitation, and Exercise Sciences, University of Essex, Colchester, United Kingdom
| | - Brandon S. Shaw
- School of Sport, Rehabilitation, and Exercise Sciences, University of Essex, Colchester, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Freeman
- School of Sport, Rehabilitation, and Exercise Sciences, University of Essex, Colchester, United Kingdom
| | - Catherine Kerr
- School of Sport, Rehabilitation, and Exercise Sciences, University of Essex, Colchester, United Kingdom
| | - Ina Shaw
- School of Sport, Rehabilitation, and Exercise Sciences, University of Essex, Colchester, United Kingdom
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Shan D, Wang Y, Tousey-Pfarrer M, Guo C, Wan M, Wang P, Dai Z, Ge F, Zhang J. Association between patterns of biological rhythm and self-harm: evidence from the baoxing youth mental health (BYMH) cohort. Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health 2024; 18:3. [PMID: 38172979 PMCID: PMC10765742 DOI: 10.1186/s13034-023-00685-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Self-harm, a severe mental health concern among children and adolescents, has varying global prevalence rates. Previous studies have suggested potential associations between specific behavioral aspects of biological rhythm and self-harm risk in these populations. OBJECTIVE Our study aimed to elucidate the relationship between biological rhythm patterns and the propensity of self-harm among Chinese children and adolescents using the Baoxing Youth Mental Health (BYMH) cohort. METHODS We included 1883 Chinese children and adolescents from the BYMH cohort. The self-report questions used to assess biological rhythm and self-harm. We applied Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to distinguish patterns of biological rhythms. Logistic regression models were conducted to estimate the associations between biological rhythm, as well as biological rhythm patterns and risk of self-harm. RESULTS Of the participants, 35.0% reported experiencing lifetime self-harm. PCA revealed six significantly predominant biological rhythm patterns. Elevated risks of self-harm were linked with unhealthy eating practices, daytime tiredness, and unhealthy bedtime snacking. Conversely, patterns emphasizing physical exercise, family meals for breakfast, and nutritious diet exhibited decreased self-harm propensities. These trends persisted across varied self-harm attributes, including type, recency, and frequency of self-harm. CONCLUSIONS This study underscores the critical impact of biological rhythms on self-harm risks among Chinese youth. Targeted lifestyle interventions, focusing on improved sleep and dietary habits, could serve as potent preventive measures. Our findings lay the groundwork for future longitudinal studies to further probe these associations, fostering the creation of tailored interventions to curb self-harm and enhance mental well-being in younger populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Shan
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Biobehavioral Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yue Wang
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Center of Public Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - Marissa Tousey-Pfarrer
- Center of Public Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - Cancan Guo
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mengtong Wan
- School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Peijie Wang
- School of Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhihao Dai
- School of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Fenfen Ge
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
- Center of Public Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland.
- The National Centre for Register-Based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
| | - Jun Zhang
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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Cândido ACDO, Neves FS, Fontes VS, Melo AST, de Faria ER, Netto MP, Oliveira RMS, Machado-Coelho GLL, Cândido APC. Frequency of breakfast consumption and its associations with food consumption by degree of industrial processing and with indicators of overweight in Brazilian adolescents (EVA-JF Study). Nutrition 2024; 117:112226. [PMID: 37897985 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2023.112226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the frequency of breakfast consumption and estimate its associations with the consumption of food at different degrees of industrial processing and with overweight indicators in Brazilian adolescents. METHODS This cross-sectional study involved a probabilistic sample of 14- to 19-y-old adolescents enrolled in 29 public schools in the municipality of Juiz de Fora, MG, Southeast Brazil (n = 805). The frequency of breakfast consumption was evaluated via a questionnaire (classified into "do not consume", "sometimes consume", and "regularly consume"). The evaluation of food consumption involved two 24-h dietary recalls, the items of which were analyzed according to the NOVA classification system. Overweight indicators (waist circumference, body mass index for age (BMI-for-age), and body fat percentage) were evaluated according to a standard protocol. Linear regression models were performed, first without and then with adjustments for sociodemographic characteristics. RESULTS We found that 20% of adolescents skipped breakfast, and ∼46% of the caloric intake came from ultra-processed foods. Breakfast omission was associated with a mean increase of 3.02% (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.52-5.53) in energy intake from ultra-processed foods, in addition to a mean increase of 0.28 z-score (95% CI, 0.05- 0.52) of BMI-for-age and of 1.64% (95% CI, 0.21-3.08) in body fat. CONCLUSIONS We verified that the omission of breakfast was associated with higher consumption of ultra-processed foods, as well as a higher BMI-for-age and higher percentage of body fat, reinforcing the importance of actions to encourage the consumption of this meal and the adoption of healthy eating practices in adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ainoã Cristina de Oliveira Cândido
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora - UFJF, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil; Graduate Program in Public Health, Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Federal University of Juiz de Fora - UFJF, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil.
| | - Felipe Silva Neves
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora - UFJF, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil; Graduate Program in Public Health, Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Federal University of Juiz de Fora - UFJF, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil; General Coordination for Surveillance of Noncommunicable Diseases and Injuries - CGDANT, Department of Epidemiological Analysis and Surveillance of Noncommunicable Diseases - DAENT, Secretariat of Health and Environment Surveillance - SVSA, Ministry of Health - MS, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Sequeira Fontes
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora - UFJF, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil; Graduate Program in Public Health, Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Federal University of Juiz de Fora - UFJF, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - Adriana Soares Torres Melo
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora - UFJF, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil; Graduate Program in Public Health, Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Federal University of Juiz de Fora - UFJF, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - Eliane Rodrigues de Faria
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora - UFJF, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - Michele Pereira Netto
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora - UFJF, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil; Graduate Program in Public Health, Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Federal University of Juiz de Fora - UFJF, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - Renata Maria Souza Oliveira
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora - UFJF, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil; Graduate Program in Public Health, Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Federal University of Juiz de Fora - UFJF, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Ana Paula Carlos Cândido
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora - UFJF, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil; Graduate Program in Public Health, Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Federal University of Juiz de Fora - UFJF, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
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Ashfaq MM, Jawed N, Safdar NF, Bhutto AA. Breakfast patterns in relation to physical activity among school adolescents in Karachi, Pakistan. JOURNAL OF HEALTH, POPULATION, AND NUTRITION 2023; 42:116. [PMID: 37904226 PMCID: PMC10617221 DOI: 10.1186/s41043-023-00463-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Unhealthy habits and poor diet patterns are significant concerns among adolescents, impacting their overall quality of life. This study aimed to assess and improve these habits in adolescents. METHODS This is a cross-sectional study conducted in 2017-2018 in Karachi. The research participants, aged 11-17 years, were drawn from lower-middle-income secondary schools using multistage random selection. Sociodemographics, the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Adolescents (PAQ-A), and breakfast consumption were determined through questionnaire and a food frequency survey. RESULTS A study of 334 school-going adolescents in Karachi, Pakistan, found that 82% consumed breakfast daily, with chapatti being the preferred choice (72.2%). Physical activity levels varied, but 56.6% engaged in regular activity. No significant differences were found in breakfast consumption by age or parental education. CONCLUSIONS Understanding South Asian adolescents' breakfast habits is crucial. Promoting healthier breakfast options and increased physical activity are recommended for long-term well-being, with further research needed for targeted interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehak Muhammad Ashfaq
- Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Eastern Medicine and Surgery, Hamdard University, Karachi, Pakistan.
| | - Nida Jawed
- School of Public Health, Dow University of Health Sciences, OJHA Campus, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Nilofer Fatimi Safdar
- School of Public Health, Dow University of Health Sciences, OJHA Campus, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Adnan Ahmed Bhutto
- APPNA Institute of Public Health, Jinnah Sindh Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan
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Describing the longitudinal breakfast quality index trajectories in early childhood: results from Melbourne InFANT program. Eur J Clin Nutr 2023; 77:363-369. [PMID: 36494475 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-022-01249-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breakfast quality in early childhood remains understudied. This study describes the changes in breakfast quality index (BQI) (i.e. trajectory) in early childhood and assesses its associations with obesity outcomes. METHODS Data from children who participated in the Melbourne InFANT Program were used (n = 328). The Melbourne InFANT Program was a 15-month early obesity prevention intervention conducted from 2008 to 2013. Dietary intakes at ages 1.5, 3.5 and 5.0 years were assessed using three parent-proxy reported 24 h recalls. A revised nine-item BQI tool developed based on Australian dietary recommendations for young children was used to calculate BQI scores. Group-based trajectory modelling identified BQI trajectory groups. Multivariable linear and logistic regression examined the associations between identified BQI trajectory groups and obesity outcomes at age 5 years. RESULTS Mean BQI at ages 1.5, 3.5 and 5.0 years was 4.8, 4.8, 2.7 points, respectively. Two BQI trajectory groups were identified, and both showed a decline in BQI. The mean BQI of most children (74%) decreased from 5.0 to 4.0 points from ages 1.5 to 5.0 years (referred as "High BQI" group). The remaining children (26%) had a mean BQI of 4.8 and 1.2 points at age 1.5 and 5.0 years, respectively (referred as "Low BQI" group). The "Low BQI" group appeared to show higher risk of overweight (OR:1.30, 95% CI: 0.60, 2.81, P = 0.66) at age 5 years than the "High BQI" group. No difference in body mass index (BMI) z-score was found between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS Two BQI trajectory groups were identified. Both groups showed a decline in breakfast quality from ages 1.5 to 5.0 years. Our study highlights the need for early health promotion interventions and strategies to improve and maintain breakfast quality across early childhood.
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Silva PASD, Froelich M, Rodrigues PRM, Souza BDSND, Gorgulho B, Moreira NF, Muraro AP. Skipping breakfast associated with socioeconomic and lifestyle factors in Brazilian adolescents. CIENCIA & SAUDE COLETIVA 2022; 27:4051-4062. [PMID: 36134810 DOI: 10.1590/1413-812320222710.04702022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim is to estimate the prevalence and evaluate the association of socioeconomic and lifestyle factors with skipping breakfast among Brazilian adolescent students. A cross-sectional study carried out with adolescent ninth-graders from Brazilian public and private schools participating in the 2015 National School Health Survey. The prevalence of skipping breakfast (less than five days/week) and its respective 95% confidence intervals were estimated and stratified by gender according to demographic, socioeconomic, and lifestyle factors, self-perceived body image, and attitudes towards weight. A three-block hierarchical Poisson regression, considering the complex sample design. The prevalence of skipping breakfast was 35.6%, higher among girls than boys. In both genders, skipping breakfast was positively associated with the highest socioeconomic level, morning school shift, paid work, regular consumption of alcoholic beverages, living only with the mother, the father or neither, the irregular consumption of school food and meals with parents, considering oneself too fat/fat and trying to lose weight. In general, skipping breakfast was associated with socioeconomic factors and lifestyle behaviors harmful to health among adolescent students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poliana Azevedo Santos da Silva
- Instituto de Saude Coletiva, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT). Av. Fernando Correa da Costa 2367, Bairro Boa Esperança, Bloco CCBS III. 78060-900 Cuiabá MT Brasil.
| | - Mendalli Froelich
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de Mato Grosso. Juína MT Brasil
| | | | - Barbara da Silva Nalin de Souza
- Instituto de Saude Coletiva, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT). Av. Fernando Correa da Costa 2367, Bairro Boa Esperança, Bloco CCBS III. 78060-900 Cuiabá MT Brasil.
| | | | | | - Ana Paula Muraro
- Instituto de Saude Coletiva, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT). Av. Fernando Correa da Costa 2367, Bairro Boa Esperança, Bloco CCBS III. 78060-900 Cuiabá MT Brasil.
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Marsigliante S, Ciardo V, Di Maglie A, My G, Muscella A. Efficacy of school-based intervention programs in reducing overweight: A randomized trial. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1001934. [PMID: 36245531 PMCID: PMC9557174 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1001934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Childhood obesity represents a serious public health problem and this study evaluates the effectiveness of a 6-month educational intervention on lifestyle, nutrient adequacy, and diet quality in the school setting in improving the knowledge and behavior of primary school children regarding correct eating habits. The strategy was implemented over a 6-month period and participants were randomly assigned to either the intervention group (n = 200) or the non-intervention group (control group, n = 197). Participants had a mean body mass index of 18.3 ± 2.7 kg/m2 and its variation in the intervention group (−2.7 ± 0.5 kg/m2) was significantly different from that in the control group (3.41 ± 0.8 kg/m2). In the experimental group, there were significant differences between the proportion of children who were overweight, underweight, normal weight, or obese before and after intervention (p < 0.05). The best results were seen in the female sex, and after the intervention, there were no more girls with obesity. Furthermore, there were significant waist circumference decrement effects in the intervention group compared to the control group (p < 0.05). Finally, many of the participating children acquired healthy eating habits. Therefore, the quantitative results obtained suggest that a school intervention program represents an effective strategy to prevent and improve the problem of childhood overweight and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santo Marsigliante
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science and Technologies (DiSTeBA), University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
| | - Vito Ciardo
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science and Technologies (DiSTeBA), University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
| | - Antonio Di Maglie
- Department of History, Society and Human Studies, University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
| | - Giulia My
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science and Technologies (DiSTeBA), University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
| | - Antonella Muscella
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science and Technologies (DiSTeBA), University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
- *Correspondence: Antonella Muscella
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Anthropometric, Lifestyle Characteristics, Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet, and COVID-19 Have a High Impact on the Greek Adolescents’ Health-Related Quality of Life. Foods 2022; 11:foods11182726. [PMID: 36140853 PMCID: PMC9497909 DOI: 10.3390/foods11182726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: The study aimed at analyzing the relationship between anthropometric characteristics, lifestyle, and dietary habits, as well as the burden of the pandemic on the health-related quality of life among Greek pupils. Research methods and procedures: On the whole, 2088 adolescents aged 12–18 years from Attica, Greece, were enlisted in this school-based cross-sectional study that took place in May–December 2021. Health-related quality of life was estimated through the KIDSCREEN-27 questionnaire, adherence to the Mediterranean diet—through the KIDMED test. For the empirical and econometric analyses, the Mann–Whitney U and Kruskal–Wallis means comparison tests were utilized; multiple linear regression was used accordingly. Results: The present study provides evidence to the fact that boys, younger adolescents, adolescents living with both parents and with highly educated mothers had a better health-related quality of life. Concerning their eating practices, positive predictors were consuming a better-quality breakfast, having all five meals daily, consuming lunch and dinner with parents, and higher adherence to the Mediterranean diet. Moreover, sufficient night sleep time, fewer hours spent on screen viewing, more frequent walks, and having hobbies were linked to the health-related quality of life with a positive sign. In contrast, negative predictors were higher body mass index and everyday life difficulties due to the COVID-19 pandemic crisis. Conclusions: Greek adolescents’ anthropometric characteristics, BMI, lifestyle and sedentary habits, eating habits, and adherence to the Mediterranean diet were significantly related to their perceived health-related quality of life during the pandemic.
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Suhett LG, Juvanhol LL, Silva MA, Ribeiro SAV, Hermsdorff HHM, Shivappa N, Hébert JR, de Novaes JF. Interaction effect between breakfast skipping and sedentary behavior in the dietary inflammatory potential in Brazilian schoolchildren. Nutrition 2022; 102:111749. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2022.111749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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CÂNDIDO ACDO, NEVES FS, FARIA ERD, NETTO MP, OLIVEIRA RMS, CÂNDIDO APC. Factors associated with non-frequent breakfast consumption in adolescents (EVA-JF Study). REV NUTR 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/1678-9865202235e210166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Objective To estimate the association of infrequent breakfast consumption with socioeconomic, behavioral, and individual factors in a sample of Brazilian adolescents from public schools. Methods Cross-sectional study with adolescents aged from 14 to 19 from public schools in Juiz de Fora, state of Minas Gerais. The frequency of consumption of breakfast, snacks, soft drinks, industrialized drinks, the usual food consumption, body mass index, body fat percentage, and waist circumference were evaluated. Other socioeconomic, behavioral, and individual data were obtained through questionnaires. Logistic regression analysis and hierarchical selection of variables were used to verify the associated factors. Results The sample consisted of 805 adolescents; 53.4% reported infrequent breakfast consumption. Through hierarchical logistic regression analysis, it was evidenced that the house occupancy status (OR: 0.618; 95%CI: 0.4410.865; p=0.005) was the distal factor associated with infrequent breakfast consumption; the intermediate factors were the consumption of industrialized beverages (OR: 0.658; 95%CI: 0.486-0.890; p=0.007) and percentage of energy from processed foods (OR: 0.935; 95%CI: 0.907-0.964; p<0.001); and the proximal factors were the male gender (OR: 0.696; 95%CI: 0.520-0.932; p=0.0015) and being nonwhite (OR: 1.529; 95%CI: 1.131-2.069; p=0.006). Conclusion Male adolescents who lived in owned houses, with occasional consumption of industrialized beverages and a higher percentage of energy derived from processed foods, had lower chances of infrequent breakfast consumption, while non-white adolescents had higher chances.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Felipe Silva NEVES
- Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Brasil; Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Brasil; Ministério da Saúde, Brasil
| | | | - Michele Pereira NETTO
- Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Brasil; Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Brasil
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Gao CL, Zhao N, Shu P. Breakfast Consumption and Academic Achievement Among Chinese Adolescents: A Moderated Mediation Model. Front Psychol 2021; 12:700989. [PMID: 34880802 PMCID: PMC8647908 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.700989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The studies have shown that a healthy lifestyle has a significant impact on the academic achievement of adolescents. Behavior of breakfast eating is considered a hallmark of dietary patterns and an important component of a healthy lifestyle. The prior study explained that students had a lower level of achievement motivation at school because they were exposed to some militating factors in their families such as absenteeism, ill health, malnutrition, and hunger. This study examined the mediating role of achievement motivation and moderating role of socioeconomic status (SES) in the association between breakfast consumption and academic achievement. This study used a sample of 15-year-old Chinese students who participated in Program for International Student Assessment (PISA) 2015. In terms of gender, female students accounted for 47.2% and male students accounted for 52.8%. The results showed that (1) breakfast consumption had a positive predictive effect on academic achievement; (2) achievement motivation played a partial mediating role in the relationship between breakfast consumption and academic achievement; and (3) the direct and indirect effects were moderated by the SES of students, which meant that the effect of breakfast consumption on achievement motivation can differ depending on the SES of students. Besides, both the effects were stronger for individuals with higher SES. The conclusion of this study has an important theoretical value and reference value to guide the Chinese parents and Chinese adolescents to pay more attention to breakfast consumption and healthy lifestyles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Lei Gao
- School of Education, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Nan Zhao
- School of Education, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Ping Shu
- School of Education, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China
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Kawalec A, Pawlas K. Breakfast Frequency and Composition in a Group of Polish Children Aged 7-10 Years. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13072241. [PMID: 34209874 PMCID: PMC8308292 DOI: 10.3390/nu13072241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Breakfast is considered one of the crucial elements of a healthy diet. Most studies evaluate breakfast consumption with the risk of obesity and other health effects. Less attention is paid to the evaluation of breakfast composition and patterns. Thus, this study aimed to describe the most frequently observed breakfast patterns and to assess breakfast composition and quality in a group of Polish early school-age children. The cross-sectional survey study was conducted in school years 2017/2018 and 2018/2019. Information regarding breakfast was obtained with the use of an original paper-based weekly observation diary, and breakfast quality was assessed with a special scoring designed to be used together with the diary. In total, 223 schoolchildren of the second and third grades participated in the study, and 200 diaries were analyzed. More than ¾ of the participants consumed breakfast every day. Nearly 68% of meals were classified as well balanced, but only 16.5% of children eat a well-balanced breakfast every day. The number of children who usually (≥5 times per week) eat a sandwich for breakfast was 94 (47%), and that of those who habitually eat cereal and milk or porridge was 29 (14.5%). Only 7% of children consumed fruit or vegetables for breakfast daily, and 26.5% never eat fruit or vegetables for breakfast. Concluding, most children eat breakfast regularly, but the meal composition and quality might be improved.
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Teo CH, Chin YS, Lim PY, Masrom SAH, Shariff ZM. Impacts of a School-Based Intervention That Incorporates Nutrition Education and a Supportive Healthy School Canteen Environment among Primary School Children in Malaysia. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13051712. [PMID: 34070053 PMCID: PMC8158127 DOI: 10.3390/nu13051712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, a school nutrition program (SNP) that incorporates nutrition education and a healthy school canteen environment was developed to improve nutrition knowledge among intervention respondents and provide a healthier environment for them to practice healthy eating. In the current study, we evaluated the impacts of the SNP on eating behaviors, physical activity, body mass index-for-age (BAZ), and cognitive performance at pre-intervention, post-intervention, and 3-month follow-up points between intervention and comparison groups. This intervention study involved 523 primary school children (7–11 years old) from six selected schools in Batu Pahat District, Malaysia. Each respondent completed anthropometric and cognitive performance assessments and a set of standardized questionnaire at pre-intervention, post-intervention, and 3-month follow-up points. Multiple linear mixed model analysis was performed to determine the impacts of that SNP after being adjusted for covariates. After the program, the intervention group increased their frequency of breakfast, lunch, and dinner consumption and morning tea snacking and showed more frequent physical activity and better cognitive performance as compared to the comparison group overtime (p < 0.05). At 3-month follow-up, the intervention group showed lower BAZ scores than their comparison counterparts (p < 0.05). The SNP showed positive effects on eating behaviors, physical activity, BAZ, and cognitive performance in school children. Hence, the SNP is highly recommended for all primary school children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Choon Huey Teo
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; (C.H.T.); (Z.M.S.)
- Department of Nutrition, Batu Pahat District Health Office, Johor State Health Department, Ministry of Health, Jalan Mohd Khalid, Batu Pahat 83000, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Yit Siew Chin
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; (C.H.T.); (Z.M.S.)
- Research Centre of Excellence, Nutrition and Non-Communicable Diseases, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +603-9769-2680
| | - Poh Ying Lim
- Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia;
| | - Shahril Azian Haji Masrom
- Department of District Health Office, Batu Pahat District Health Office, Johor State Health Department, Ministry of Health, Johor Bahru 80000, Johor, Malaysia;
| | - Zalilah Mohd Shariff
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; (C.H.T.); (Z.M.S.)
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14
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Okafor CA, Falade KO. Nutritional, physicochemical, and sensory characteristics of extruded Bambara groundnut (
Vigna subterranea
)‐based ready‐to‐eat breakfast cereal. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.15347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chidinma A. Okafor
- Department of Biological Sciences Godfrey Okoye University Enugu Nigeria
| | - Kolawole O. Falade
- Department of Food Technology University of Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria
- Department of Food Science and Technology Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana
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15
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Breakfast Characteristics and Its Association with Daily Micronutrients Intake in Children and Adolescents-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12103201. [PMID: 33092061 PMCID: PMC7589686 DOI: 10.3390/nu12103201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Breakfast is an important source of key nutrients in the diet. For this reason, the aim of this review was to investigate the associations between breakfast consumption and daily micronutrients intake in both children and adolescents (aged 2-18 years). A peer-reviewed systematic search was conducted in three datasets (PubMed, Scopus and Cochrane Library) in February 2020 in English and Spanish. Two independent reviewers evaluated 3188 studies considering the AXIS critical appraisal and PRISMA methodologies. Meta-analysis was carried out comparing results according to type of breakfast consumed (Ready to eat cereals (RTEC) breakfast or other types of breakfast) and breakfast skipping. Thirty-three articles were included in the systematic review (SR) and 7 in the meta-analysis. In the SR, we observed that those children and adolescents who usually consume RTEC at breakfast had a higher consumption of B-vitamins than those not consuming RTEC at breakfast. Breakfast consumers had a higher mineral intake (iron, calcium, magnesium, potassium, zinc, and iodine) than breakfast skippers. In the Meta-Analysis, RTEC consumers had significantly higher vitamin C intake than breakfast skippers (SMD, -4.12; 95% confidence intervals (CI): -5.09, -3.16). Furthermore, those children who usually consume breakfast had significantly higher daily intake of calcium than breakfast skippers (SMD, -7.03; 95%CI: -9.02, -5.04). Our review proposes that breakfast consumption seems to be associated with higher daily micronutrients intake than breakfast skippers.
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Büber A, Başay Ö, Şenol H. The prevalence and comorbidity rates of specific learning disorder among primary school children in Turkey. Nord J Psychiatry 2020; 74:453-460. [PMID: 32186228 DOI: 10.1080/08039488.2020.1740782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: The aim of the present study was to investigate the prevalence of specific learning disorder (SLD), comorbid disorders, and risk factors in primary school children for the first time in two-stage design in Turkey.Materials and methods: Participants were 1041 pupils in 28 primary schools and aged from 7 to 11. The Mathematics, Reading, Writing Assessment Scale (MOYA) teacher and parent forms were used in the screening stage and parents and teachers of each child completed MOYA. Ninety-five children were screen positive and eighty-three of these children participated in the interview. SLD diagnoses were based on DSM V criteria. Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children-Present and Lifetime Version (K-SADS-PL) was used for the comorbid psychiatric disorders.Results and conclusions: The prevalence rate of the SLD was 6.6%, impairment in reading was 4%, in mathematics was 3.6%, and in written expression was 1.8%. About 62.75% of children with SLD had one or more comorbid diagnoses. ADHD was the most common comorbid mental disorder in SLD (54.9%). SLD prevalence was higher among males. The prevalence of SLD in primary school children in Turkey is consistent with previous studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmet Büber
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Pamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey
| | - Ömer Başay
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Pamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey
| | - Hande Şenol
- Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, Pamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey
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Otsuka Y, Kaneita Y, Itani O, Jike M, Osaki Y, Higuchi S, Kanda H, Kinjo A, Kuwabara Y, Yoshimoto H. Skipping breakfast, poor sleep quality, and Internet usage and their relation with unhappiness in Japanese adolescents. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0235252. [PMID: 32716944 PMCID: PMC7384641 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0235252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Subjective happiness is often regarded as a major life goal. Although Japan is an economically powerful country, the level of subjective well-being reported among Japanese adolescents is lower than in other countries. We aimed to investigate the lifestyle factors related to unhappiness in Japanese adolescents. We collected data through the 2017–2018 Lifestyle Survey of Adolescents, a nationally representative cross-sectional study enrolled in randomly selected junior and senior high schools throughout Japan. We assessed the prevalence of subjective unhappiness in junior and senior high school students according to school life factors and daily lifestyle habits. A multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to examine the associations between these factors and unhappiness. A total of 64,329 students were included in the sample (mean age 15.7 years, 53.9% boys). The average prevalence of unhappiness was 10.2%. The logistic regression analyses indicated that unhappiness was strongly associated with being male and with engaging in unhealthy lifestyle behaviors such as not having breakfast, poor sleep quality, and some problematic Internet usage. Although the prevalence of unhappiness was significantly higher among current smokers and alcohol drinkers, these behaviors were not associated with unhappiness in the multivariable logistic regression analysis. Unhappiness among Japanese adolescents appears to be strongly related to how they spend their daily life. We therefore consider it desirable for school officials to educate students on the importance of happiness and lifestyle factors conducive to happiness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichiro Otsuka
- Division of Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, 30–1 Oyaguchi-kamimachi, Itabasi-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Kaneita
- Division of Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, 30–1 Oyaguchi-kamimachi, Itabasi-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Osamu Itani
- Division of Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, 30–1 Oyaguchi-kamimachi, Itabasi-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Maki Jike
- Division of Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, 30–1 Oyaguchi-kamimachi, Itabasi-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoneatsu Osaki
- Division of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago-city, Tottori, Japan
| | - Susumu Higuchi
- National Hospital Organization Kurihama Medical and Addiction Center, Yokosuka-city, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Kanda
- Department of Public Health, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Matsue-city, Shimane, Japan
| | - Aya Kinjo
- Division of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago-city, Tottori, Japan
| | - Yuki Kuwabara
- Division of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago-city, Tottori, Japan
| | - Hisashi Yoshimoto
- Department of Family Medicine, General Practice and Community Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba-city, Ibaraki, Japan
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Al-Hazzaa HM, Alhowikan AM, Alhussain MH, Obeid OA. Breakfast consumption among Saudi primary-school children relative to sex and socio-demographic factors. BMC Public Health 2020; 20:448. [PMID: 32252722 PMCID: PMC7132954 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-020-8418-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Breakfast is an important meal that provides essential nutrients and energy. However, few comprehensive studies have reported breakfast habits and related behaviors among Saudi children. This study investigated breakfast consumption patterns and the associations of socio-demographic variables with daily breakfast intake among Saudi children. Methods A multistage stratified cluster random sampling technique was used to select 1051 elementary school boys and girls in Riyadh. Body weight and height were measured and body mass index (BMI) was computed. The breakfast eating habits and behaviors were assessed using a specifically designed self-reported questionnaire that was completed by the children’s parents. Results More than 79% of children skipped daily breakfast, with no significant sex difference. Children in private schools consumed breakfast more frequently than those attending public schools. Multivariate analyses showed that boys in private schools had a significantly higher intake of breakfast than that in boys in public schools, yet, boys in public schools had significantly higher BMI than boys in private schools. Using logistic regression while adjusting for confounders showed insignificant effect for parent education. Among breakfast eaters, spread cheese sandwiches were consumed most frequently, followed by fried egg sandwiches and breakfast cereals. Full-fat milk, tea with milk, water, and fruit juice were the most consumed drinks. Girls consumed significantly more fresh fruits during breakfast than did boys. Mothers prepared breakfast at home most of the time (84.5%). Parents appeared mostly satisfied with the breakfast consumed by their child at home and placed high importance on breakfast compared to lunch or dinner. Conclusions The proportion of school children who ate daily breakfast at home was low, which may have implications for children’s school performance. Effort is needed to promote daily breakfast consumption among Saudi school children and to introduce appropriate interventions aimed at promoting daily breakfast consumption among Saudi children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hazzaa M Al-Hazzaa
- Lifestyle and Health Research Center, Health Science Research Center, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P. O. Box: 93216, Riyadh, 11673, Saudi Arabia.
| | | | - Maha H Alhussain
- Department of Food Science & Nutrition, College of Food & Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omar A Obeid
- Department of Human Nutrition and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
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19
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Farris AR, Roy M, Serrano EL, Misyak S. Impact of Breakfast in the Classroom on Participation and Food Waste. JOURNAL OF NUTRITION EDUCATION AND BEHAVIOR 2019; 51:893-898. [PMID: 31101481 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneb.2019.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate differences in school breakfast participation and food waste in 1 school district before and after the adoption of Breakfast in the Classroom. METHODS Using a pretest-posttest design, participation and food waste were measured from 7 elementary schools in a rural area of southwest Virginia during the 2014-2015 school year. Participation and waste were measured on 4 days in each school (twice before and twice after Breakfast in the Classroom implementation) using the quarter-waste method. RESULTS Across all schools, food waste decreased from 43.0% to 38.5% with Breakfast in the Classroom, with significant decreases for entrée items, juice, and savory snack foods (P < .01). Fruit and cheese items generated the greatest amount of food waste at 58.2% and 49.0%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Breakfast in the Classroom may be an effective tool to decrease food waste while improving dietary intake. Future research is needed among more diverse populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alisha R Farris
- Department of Nutrition and Health Care Management, Appalachian State University, Boone, NC.
| | - Manan Roy
- Department of Nutrition and Health Care Management, Appalachian State University, Boone, NC
| | - Elena L Serrano
- Department of Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA
| | - Sarah Misyak
- Department of Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA
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20
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González-Garrido AA, Brofman-Epelbaum JJ, Gómez-Velázquez FR, Balart-Sánchez SA, Ramos-Loyo J. Skipping Breakfast Affects the Early Steps of Cognitive Processing. J PSYCHOPHYSIOL 2019. [DOI: 10.1027/0269-8803/a000214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Abstract. It has been generally accepted that skipping breakfast adversely affects cognition, mainly disturbing the attentional processes. However, the effects of short-term fasting upon brain functioning are still unclear. We aimed to evaluate the effect of skipping breakfast on cognitive processing by studying the electrical brain activity of young healthy individuals while performing several working memory tasks. Accordingly, the behavioral results and event-related brain potentials (ERPs) of 20 healthy university students (10 males) were obtained and compared through analysis of variances (ANOVAs), during the performance of three n-back working memory (WM) tasks in two morning sessions on both normal (after breakfast) and 12-hour fasting conditions. Significantly fewer correct responses were achieved during fasting, mainly affecting the higher WM load task. In addition, there were prolonged reaction times with increased task difficulty, regardless of breakfast intake. ERP showed a significant voltage decrement for N200 and P300 during fasting, while the amplitude of P200 notably increased. The results suggest skipping breakfast disturbs earlier cognitive processing steps, particularly attention allocation, early decoding in working memory, and stimulus evaluation, and this effect increases with task difficulty.
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21
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Tambalis KD, Panagiotakos DB, Psarra G, Sidossis LS. Breakfast skipping in Greek schoolchildren connected to an unhealthy lifestyle profile. Results from the National Action for Children's Health program. Nutr Diet 2019; 76:328-335. [DOI: 10.1111/1747-0080.12522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Revised: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos D. Tambalis
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science & EducationHarokopio University Athens Greece
| | - Demosthenes B. Panagiotakos
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science & EducationHarokopio University Athens Greece
| | - Glykeria Psarra
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science & EducationHarokopio University Athens Greece
- Department of Kinesiology and HealthRutgers University New Brunswick New Jersey USA
| | - Labros S. Sidossis
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science & EducationHarokopio University Athens Greece
- Department of Kinesiology and HealthRutgers University New Brunswick New Jersey USA
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22
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Pereira JL, Castro MAD, Hopkins S, Gugger C, Fisberg RM, Fisberg M. Prevalence of consumption and nutritional content of breakfast meal among adolescents from the Brazilian National Dietary Survey. JORNAL DE PEDIATRIA (VERSÃO EM PORTUGUÊS) 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedp.2017.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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23
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Pereira JL, Castro MAD, Hopkins S, Gugger C, Fisberg RM, Fisberg M. Prevalence of consumption and nutritional content of breakfast meal among adolescents from the Brazilian National Dietary Survey. J Pediatr (Rio J) 2018; 94:630-641. [PMID: 29121493 DOI: 10.1016/j.jped.2017.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Revised: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To estimate the prevalence of breakfast consumption and describe the foods and nutrients consumed at this meal and throughout the day by Brazilian adolescents. METHOD A total of 7276 adolescents aged 10-19 years were evaluated in the Brazilian National Dietary Survey 2008-9, a population-based cross-sectional study. Individuals' information was collected at home. Dietary data were obtained by two food records. Breakfast was defined as the first eating occasion of the day that occurred between 6 and 9:59am. Differences between breakfast consumers, occasional consumers, and skippers were tested through Pearson's chi-squared test or F-test of regression analysis. RESULTS Breakfast was consumed by 93% of adolescents and it was associated with age, income, geographic region and household area. The most frequently consumed foods at breakfast were white bread, coffee, butter/margarine, refined cookies and crackers, and whole milk. The mean daily intakes of total energy, sugar, and calcium were higher among occasional consumers and skippers. Breakfast consumers had higher intake of vitamins B12, C, and D. Breakfast contributed more to total intake of calcium, phosphorus, thiamin, riboflavin, and vitamins A, B6, and D (17-32%), trans fat and sodium (about 30%) and less to folate, vitamin C, iron, zinc, and fiber (8-12%) and energy intake (16%). CONCLUSIONS Although the prevalence of breakfast consumption among Brazilian adolescents was high, the overall nutritional quality of this meal is suboptimal, highlighting the need to support adolescents and their families to make more nutrient-dense food choices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaqueline L Pereira
- Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Departamento de Nutrição, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Michelle A de Castro
- Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Departamento de Nutrição, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Carolyn Gugger
- General Mills Bell Institute of Health and Nutrition, Minneapolis, United States
| | - Regina M Fisberg
- Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Departamento de Nutrição, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Mauro Fisberg
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Departamento de Pediatria, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Hospital Infantil Sabará, Instituto Pensi, Centro de Dificuldades Alimentares, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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Barrett N, Riordan F, Michels N, Frost Andersen L, vant Veer P, Moreno LA, Widhalm K, Manios Y, Gottrand F, Santaliestra-Pasías AM, Ruiz JR, Censi L, de Henauw S, Kersting M, Harrington JM. Breakfast Skipping and overweight/obesity among European adolescents, a cross-sectional analysis of the HELENA dataset: a DEDIPAC study. HRB Open Res 2018. [DOI: 10.12688/hrbopenres.12847.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The aim was to examine demographic and dietary factors associated with breakfast skipping, and the relationship of breakfast skipping with overweight/obesity among adolescents across Europe. Methods: Cross-sectional data from the Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence study (n=3528) conducted in ten European cities: Athens (Greece), Dortmund (Germany), Ghent (Belgium), Herkalion (Greece), Lille (France), Pecs (Hungary), Rome (Italy), Vienna (Austria), Stockholm (Sweden) and Zaragoza (Spain) were used. Analysis was carried out using a sub-sample of adolescents (n=1894) aged 12.5-17.49 years with data on breakfast skipping and two days of 24-Hour Diet Recall data. As 24-Hour Recall data was not available from Pecs (Hungary) this city was excluded. Using responses from the Food Choices and Preferences Questionnaire adolescents were classified as breakfast skippers or non-breakfast skippers. All analyses were stratified by sex. Differences in the intake of macronutrients, both overall and when breakfast was excluded, and key foods were compared between skippers and non-skippers using Wilcoxen Rank Sum test. Multivariate logistic regression was used to examine the relationship between breakfast skipping and overweight/obesity. Results: Overall, 44% of females were skippers compared to 36% of males. Among both male and female estimated mean fibre intake and median fruit intake were significantly lower among skippers compared to non-skippers. Male skippers were significantly more likely than non-skippers to be overweight/obese [AOR = 2.34, 95% CI, 1.40-3.90] but this was not observed among females [AOR = 0.89, 95% CI 0.59-1.34]. Conclusions: Different patterns of daily macronutrient intake were observed among adolescents who skip and do not skip breakfast. In males, breakfast skipping was associated with increased odds of being overweight/obese. Gender may play a key part in breakfast skipping behaviours. These results present an opportunity to identify and target adolescents who may be at risk of a poorer nutritional profile or overweight/obesity.
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Craig BA, Morton DP, Kent LM, Gane AB, Butler TL, Rankin PM, Price KR. Religious Affiliation Influences on the Health Status and Behaviours of Students Attending Seventh-Day Adventist Schools in Australia. JOURNAL OF RELIGION AND HEALTH 2018; 57:994-1009. [PMID: 28913748 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-017-0495-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Students attending Seventh-day Adventist (Adventist) schools in Australia have been shown to have better health status and behaviours compared to secular norms, yet these schools cater for a high percentage of non-Adventist students. The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of religious affiliation (Adventist/non-Adventist) on the health status and behaviours of students attending Adventist secondary schools in Australia. The sample included 1734 students who responded to a health and lifestyle survey that captured demographic details, self-reported height and weight, self-reported health status, mental health and select health behaviours. Students who identified themselves as Adventist reported significantly better health behaviours than the non-Adventist students in several behavioural domains, especially among the male students. However, this did not translate to a difference in health status. Further research is needed to understand the causal mechanisms responsible for the potential health advantage of Adventist students, which may include family or church religious influences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bevan Adrian Craig
- Lifestyle Research Centre, Avondale College of Higher Education, PO Box 19, Cooranbong, NSW, 2265, Australia.
| | - Darren Peter Morton
- Lifestyle Research Centre, Avondale College of Higher Education, PO Box 19, Cooranbong, NSW, 2265, Australia
| | - Lillian Marton Kent
- Lifestyle Research Centre, Avondale College of Higher Education, PO Box 19, Cooranbong, NSW, 2265, Australia
| | - Alva Barry Gane
- Avondale Seminary, Avondale College of Higher Education, Cooranbong, NSW, Australia
| | - Terry Leslie Butler
- Lifestyle Research Centre, Avondale College of Higher Education, PO Box 19, Cooranbong, NSW, 2265, Australia
| | - Paul Meredith Rankin
- Lifestyle Research Centre, Avondale College of Higher Education, PO Box 19, Cooranbong, NSW, 2265, Australia
| | - Kevin Ross Price
- Adventist Health, Seventh-Day Adventist Church, Wahroonga, NSW, Australia
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Assessing the relationship between smoking and abdominal obesity in a National Survey of Adolescents in Brazil. Prev Med 2018; 111:1-5. [PMID: 29452124 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2018.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Revised: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Abdominal obesity is even a stronger risk factor than overall obesity for noncommunicable chronic diseases. We examined the association between smoking and abdominal obesity among adolescents. Analyses were based on 38,813 subjects aged 15-17 years from the Study of Cardiovascular Risks in Adolescents (ERICA), a Brazilian school-based national survey. Abdominal obesity was defined considering waist circumference (WC) percentiles. Statistical analyses, stratified by sex, considered the sample complex design. Poisson regression with robust variance was used to estimate smoker-to-nonsmoker abdominal obesity prevalence ratio (PR), adjusting by sociodemographic and lifestyle variables. Higher prevalence of abdominal obesity was observed among adolescents who consumed >1 cigarettes/day, comparing to nonsmokers: considering WC >80th percentile, adjusted-PR for boys was 1.27 [95%CI:1.05,1.52] and, for girls, 1.09 [95%CI:1.00,1.19]; using the 90th percentile, adjusted-PR were 2.24 [95%CI:1.70,2.94] and 1.27 [95%CI:1.12,1.46], respectively for male and female adolescents. Our findings suggest a positive association between cigarette consumption and the prevalence of abdominal obesity, for both boys and girls. Although other studies had found this association in adults, our study contributes to this discussion by assessing it in adolescents using a nationwide representative sample of medium and large municipalities.
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Simonato I, Janosz M, Archambault I, Pagani LS. Prospective associations between toddler televiewing and subsequent lifestyle habits in adolescence. Prev Med 2018; 110:24-30. [PMID: 29427671 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2018.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Revised: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Watching television is a common pastime for very young children. High exposure may negatively influence physical and mental health outcomes. Not much is known about how early exposure relates to lifestyle choices in adolescence. OBJECTIVE To estimate how toddler televiewing is subsequently associated with lifestyle indicators at adolescence. METHODS Participants are 986 girls and 999 boys from the Quebec Longitudinal Study of Child Development birth cohort (Canada). Child self-reports lifestyle habits at age 13 that were linearly regressed on parent-reported televiewing at age 2 while adjusting for potential confounders. RESULTS Every 1 h 13 m increase in daily televiewing was prospectively associated with a 8.2% increased risk of unhealthy eating habits (unstandardized b = 0.05; 95% CI, 0.02 to 0.07), 10.1% decrease in eating breakfast on weekdays (unstandardized b = -0.06; 95% CI, -0.09 to -0.04), 13.3% increase in BMI (unstandardized b = 0.38; 95% CI, 0.26 to 0.50), 4.7% decrease in student engagement (unstandardized b = -0.07; 95% CI, -0.14 to -0.004), and 5.8% increase in concurrent screen time (unstandardized b = 0.06; 95% CI, 0.02 to 0.11). Post hoc simulations of noncompliance with AAP recommendations support their implementation. CONCLUSIONS Excessive toddlerhood televiewing was prospectively associated with less optimal health and self-invested behavioral dispositions. Lifestyle habits not only affect metabolic risk but may also influence personal success outcomes. These independent relationships, observed more than a decade later, suggest a need for better parental awareness of the way children invest their limited waking hours could affect their long-term life course trajectories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Simonato
- School of Psycho-Education, Université de Montréal, Canada; School Environment Research Group, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Michel Janosz
- School of Psycho-Education, Université de Montréal, Canada; School Environment Research Group, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Isabelle Archambault
- School of Psycho-Education, Université de Montréal, Canada; School Environment Research Group, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada; University of Montreal Public Health Research Institute (IRSPUM), Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Linda S Pagani
- School of Psycho-Education, Université de Montréal, Canada; School Environment Research Group, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada; Sainte-Justine's Hospital Research Center, Brain Diseases Division, Montréal, Canada.
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Silva FA, Padez C, Sartorelli DS, Oliveira RMS, Netto MP, Mendes LL, Cândido APC. Cross-sectional study showed that breakfast consumption was associated with demographic, clinical and biochemical factors in children and adolescents. Acta Paediatr 2018; 107:1562-1569. [PMID: 29665125 DOI: 10.1111/apa.14363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Revised: 02/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
AIM We investigated the demographic, anthropometric, clinical, biochemical and behavioural factors associated with children and adolescents who missed breakfast. METHODS This 2012 cross-sectional study was carried out in the city of Juiz de Fora, Brazil, with a sample of 684 students: 191 children aged 7-9 and 493 adolescents aged 10-14. Data on demographic, physical activity and breakfast consumption were based on a 24-hour recall record and a three-day dietary record. Weight, height, body fat, waist circumference and blood pressure were also measured. Finally, samples were collected for analysis of blood total cholesterol, low-density and high-density lipoproteins, triglycerides and glucose. The statistics are presented as prevalence ratios (PR) with 95% confidence (95% CI) intervals. RESULTS Missing breakfast was more common among adolescents than children (30% versus 22%) and among girls of all ages than among boys (33% versus 22%). It was also associated with children, but not adolescents, with increased levels of diastolic blood pressure (PR 5.6, 95% CI 1.8-17.4), total cholesterol (PR 1.5, 95% CI 1.2-1.9) and low-density lipoprotein (PR 2.1, 95% CI 1.5-2.9). CONCLUSION Missing breakfast was more common among adolescents and females and associated with increased levels of diastolic blood pressure, total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiana A Silva
- Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil
| | - Cristina Padez
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | | | - Renata M S Oliveira
- Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil
| | - Michele P Netto
- Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil
| | - Larissa L Mendes
- Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula C Cândido
- Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil
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Polonsky HM, Davey A, Bauer KW, Foster GD, Sherman S, Abel ML, Dale LC, Fisher JO. Breakfast Quality Varies by Location among Low-Income Ethnically Diverse Children in Public Urban Schools. JOURNAL OF NUTRITION EDUCATION AND BEHAVIOR 2018; 50:190-197.e1. [PMID: 29107474 PMCID: PMC7340127 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneb.2017.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Revised: 09/13/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate breakfast location and children's food choices. METHODS Cross-sectional analysis of 1,371 fourth- through sixth-grade students in 2013. Foods and beverages in 17 categories characterized breakfast choices: (1) ≥ 1 fruits or vegetables, (2) ≥ 1 foods high in saturated fats and added sugars (SFAS), and (3) meeting School Breakfast Program (SBP) requirements. RESULTS Among breakfast eaters (n = 1,133; 82.6%), 46.0% ate at home, 13.1% ate at school, 41.0% ate at multiple locations; and 21.8% ate at a corner store. Those eating at school were more likely to consume ≥1 fruit or vegetable (odds ratio [OR] = 1.90; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.26-2.87), less likely to eat ≥1 SFAS food (OR = 0.46; 95% CI, 0.22-0.94), and more likely to meet SBP requirements (OR = 2.47; 95% CI, 1.42-4.29). Those eating at corner stores (n = 247) were more likely to consume high-SFAS foods (63.9% vs 9.2%; P < .001). CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Eating school breakfast increased the odds of consuming fruit, choosing lower SFAS, and meeting nutritional requirements of the SBP relative to other locations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather M Polonsky
- Center for Obesity Research and Education, College of Public Health, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Adam Davey
- Department of Behavioral Health and Nutrition, College of Health Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE
| | - Katherine W Bauer
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Gary D Foster
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; Weight Watchers International, New York, NY
| | | | | | | | - Jennifer O Fisher
- Center for Obesity Research and Education, College of Public Health, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, College of Public Health, Philadelphia, PA.
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Demissie Z, Eaton DK, Lowry R, Nihiser AJ, Foltz JL. Prevalence and Correlates of Missing Meals Among High School Students-United States, 2010. Am J Health Promot 2018; 32:89-95. [PMID: 27630112 PMCID: PMC10947343 DOI: 10.1177/0890117116667348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine the prevalence and correlates of missing meals among adolescents. DESIGN The 2010 National Youth Physical Activity and Nutrition Study, a cross-sectional study. SETTING School based. PARTICIPANTS A nationally representative sample of 11 429 high school students. MEASURES Breakfast, lunch, and dinner consumption; demographics; measured and perceived weight status; physical activity and sedentary behaviors; and fruit, vegetable, milk, sugar-sweetened beverage, and fast-food intake. ANALYSIS Prevalence estimates for missing breakfast, lunch, or dinner on ≥1 day during the past 7 days were calculated. Associations between demographics and missing meals were tested. Associations of lifestyle and dietary behaviors with missing meals were examined using logistic regression controlling for sex, race/ethnicity, and grade. RESULTS In 2010, 63.1% of students missed breakfast, 38.2% missed lunch, and 23.3% missed dinner; the prevalence was highest among female and non-Hispanic black students. Being overweight/obese, perceiving oneself to be overweight, and video game/computer use were associated with increased risk of missing meals. Physical activity behaviors were associated with reduced risk of missing meals. Students who missed breakfast were less likely to eat fruits and vegetables and more likely to consume sugar-sweetened beverages and fast food. CONCLUSION Breakfast was the most frequently missed meal, and missing breakfast was associated with the greatest number of less healthy dietary practices. Intervention and education efforts might prioritize breakfast consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zewditu Demissie
- 1 Epidemic Intelligence Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
- 2 Division of Adolescent and School Health, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
- 3 US Public Health Service Commissioned Corps, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Danice K Eaton
- 2 Division of Adolescent and School Health, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
- 3 US Public Health Service Commissioned Corps, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Richard Lowry
- 2 Division of Adolescent and School Health, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Allison J Nihiser
- 4 Division of Population Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jennifer L Foltz
- 3 US Public Health Service Commissioned Corps, Rockville, MD, USA
- 5 Division of Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Obesity, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Fayet-Moore F, McConnell A, Tuck K, Petocz P. Breakfast and Breakfast Cereal Choice and Its Impact on Nutrient and Sugar Intakes and Anthropometric Measures among a Nationally Representative Sample of Australian Children and Adolescents. Nutrients 2017; 9:nu9101045. [PMID: 28934111 PMCID: PMC5691662 DOI: 10.3390/nu9101045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Revised: 09/09/2017] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
There is limited evidence in Australia that compares the nutritional impact of a breakfast cereal breakfast to a non-cereal breakfast, and includes the type of cereal. This study investigated the impact of breakfast choice and the total sugar content of breakfast cereal on nutrient intakes and anthropometric measures among Australian children and adolescents. Data from 2 to 18-year-old in the 2011–2012 National Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey were used (n = 2821). Participants were classified as breakfast cereal consumers (minimally pre-sweetened (MPS) or pre-sweetened (PS)), non-cereal breakfast consumers, or breakfast skippers. Foods consumed for breakfast, foods added to the cereal bowl, and the impact of breakfast choice on daily nutrient intakes and anthropometric measures were determined. Although only 9% of children skipped breakfast, 61% of skippers were aged 14–18 years. Among breakfast consumers, 49% had breakfast cereal, and 62% of these exclusively consumed MPS cereal. Breakfast skippers had a higher saturated fat intake than breakfast cereal consumers, and lower intakes of dietary fibre and most micronutrients (p < 0.001). Compared with non-cereal breakfast consumers, breakfast cereal consumers had similar added and free sugars intakes, lower sodium, and higher total sugars, carbohydrate, dietary fibre, and almost all other micronutrients (p < 0.001). The only difference in nutrient intakes between MPS and PS cereal consumers was higher folate among PS consumers. No associations between anthropometric measures and breakfast or breakfast cereal choice were found. The highest prevalence of breakfast skipping was among 14–18-year old. Breakfast cereal consumers had higher intakes of dietary fibre and most micronutrients compared with non-cereal breakfast consumers and skippers, and almost no differences were found between MPS and PS cereal consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavia Fayet-Moore
- Nutrition Research Australia, Level 13 167 Macquarie Street, Sydney 2000, Australia.
| | - Andrew McConnell
- Nutrition Research Australia, Level 13 167 Macquarie Street, Sydney 2000, Australia.
| | - Kate Tuck
- Nutrition Research Australia, Level 13 167 Macquarie Street, Sydney 2000, Australia.
| | - Peter Petocz
- Department of Statistics, Macquarie University, Sydney 2109, Australia.
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Breakfast consumption and nutrient intakes in 4-18-year-olds: UK National Diet and Nutrition Survey Rolling Programme (2008-2012). Br J Nutr 2017; 118:280-290. [PMID: 28814349 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114517001714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Although breakfast consumption is widely considered to be an important component of a healthy lifestyle, few UK studies have examined differences in nutrient intakes between breakfast consumers and breakfast skippers among children and adolescents. We investigated associations between breakfast skipping in 4-18-year-olds and their nutrient intakes using data from the UK's National Diet and Nutrition Survey Rolling Programme. Dietary data were derived from 4-d estimated food diaries of 802 children aged 4-10 years and 884 children aged 11-18 years (1686 in total). Daily nutrient intakes of children with different breakfast habits were compared by one-way ANCOVA adjusting for relevant covariates (sex, age, ethnicity, equivalised household income and BMI). Within-person analysis was carried out on children with an irregular breakfast habit (n 879) comparing nutrient intakes on breakfast days with those on non-breakfast days using repeated measures ANCOVA. We observed that the overall nutritional profile of the children in terms of fibre and micronutrient intake was superior in frequent breakfast consumers (micronutrients: folate, Ca, Fe and I (P<0·01)) and, for the 4-10 years age group, on breakfast days (micronutrients: folate, vitamin C, Ca and I (P<0·01)). Also, significantly higher proportions of breakfast-consuming children met their reference nutrient intakes of folate, vitamin C, Ca, Fe and I compared with breakfast skippers (χ 2 analysis, P<0·001). Our study adds to the body of data linking breakfast consumption with higher quality dietary intake in school-age children, supporting the promotion of breakfast as an important element of a healthy dietary pattern in children.
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Nieto C, Rincon-Gallardo Patiño S, Tolentino-Mayo L, Carriedo A, Barquera S. Characterization of Breakfast Cereals Available in the Mexican Market: Sodium and Sugar Content. Nutrients 2017; 9:nu9080884. [PMID: 28813010 PMCID: PMC5579677 DOI: 10.3390/nu9080884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Revised: 07/27/2017] [Accepted: 08/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Preschool Mexican children consume 7% of their total energy intake from processed breakfast cereals. This study characterized the nutritional quality and labelling (claims and Guideline Daily Amount (GDA)) of the packaged breakfast cereals available in the Mexican market. Photographs of all breakfast cereals available in the 9 main food retail chains in the country were taken. The nutrition quality of cereals was assessed using the United Kingdom Nutrient Profiling Model (UKNPM). Claims were classified using the International Network for Food and Obesity/non-communicable Diseases Research, Monitoring and Action Support (INFORMAS) taxonomy and the GDA was defined according to the Mexican regulation, NOM-051. Overall, a total of 371 different breakfast cereals were analysed. The nutritional profile showed that 68.7% were classified as “less healthy”. GDAs and claims were displayed more frequently on the “less healthy” cereals. Breakfast cereals within the “less healthy” category had significantly higher content of energy, sugar and sodium (p < 0.001). Most of the claims were displayed in the “less healthy” cereals (n = 313). This study has shown that there is a lack of consistency between the labelling on the front of the pack and the nutritional quality of breakfast cereals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Nieto
- Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Av. Universidad 655, Col. Santa María Ahuacatitlán, Cuernavaca C.P 62100, Morelos, Mexico.
| | | | - Lizbeth Tolentino-Mayo
- Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Av. Universidad 655, Col. Santa María Ahuacatitlán, Cuernavaca C.P 62100, Morelos, Mexico.
| | - Angela Carriedo
- London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Keppel St, Bloomsbury, London WC1E 7HT, UK.
| | - Simón Barquera
- Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Av. Universidad 655, Col. Santa María Ahuacatitlán, Cuernavaca C.P 62100, Morelos, Mexico.
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Regular breakfast consumption is associated with higher blood vitamin status in adolescents: the HELENA (Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence) Study. Public Health Nutr 2017; 20:1393-1404. [DOI: 10.1017/s1368980016003645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
AbstractObjectiveThe present study aimed to examine the association between different breakfast consumption patterns and vitamin intakes and blood vitamin concentrations in European adolescents.DesignBreakfast consumption was assessed by a questionnaire. Vitamin intake was calculated from two 24 h recalls. Blood vitamin and total homocysteine (tHcy) concentrations were analysed from fasting blood samples.SettingThe European Commission-funded HELENA (Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence) Study.SubjectsParticipants were 1058 (52·8 % females) European adolescents (aged 12·5–17·5 years) from ten cities.ResultsLower vitamin D and vitamin C concentrations were observed in male and female breakfast skippers than in consumers (P<0·05). Female breakfast consumers presented higher holo-transcobalamin and lower tHcy (P<0·05), while males had higher cobalamin concentrations, compared with skippers (P<0·05). Higher vitamin D and total folate intakes were observed in adolescents who consumed breakfast compared with skippers (P<0·05). Likewise, female consumers had higher intakes of vitamin B6and vitamin E than occasional consumers (P<0·05).ConclusionsRegular breakfast consumption is associated with higher blood vitamin D and cobalamin concentrations in males and with higher vitamin D and holo-transcobalamin and lower tHcy concentrations in females. Moreover, breakfast consumption is associated with high intakes of vitamin D and total folate in both sexes, and with high intakes of vitamin B6and vitamin E in females.
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Godin KM, Kirkpatrick SI, Hanning RM, Stapleton J, Leatherdale ST. Examining Guidelines for School-Based Breakfast Programs in Canada: A Systematic Review of the Grey Literature. CAN J DIET PRACT RES 2017; 78:92-100. [PMID: 28145767 DOI: 10.3148/cjdpr-2016-037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
School breakfast programs are widespread and serve varying objectives regarding youth health promotion. Evidence-based guidelines for breakfast programs may be important in maximizing their effectiveness related to student outcomes, yet it is unclear what is available in Canada. A systematic review was conducted to identify and compare Canadian guidelines related to breakfast programs. Data sources included grey literature databases, customized search engines, targeted websites, and content expert consultations. Eligible guidelines met the following criteria: government and nongovernment sources at the federal and provincial/territorial levels, current version, and intended for program coordinators. Recommendations for program delivery were extracted, categorized, and mapped onto the 4 environments outlined in the ANGELO framework, and they were classified as "common" or "inconsistent" across guidelines. Fifteen sets of guidelines were included. No guidelines were available from federal or territorial governments and 4 provincial governments. There were few references to peer-reviewed literature within the guidelines and despite many common recommendations for program delivery, conflicting recommendations were also identified. Potential barriers to program participation, including a lack of consideration of allergies and other dietary restrictions, were identified. Future research should identify how guidelines are implemented and evaluate what effect their implementation has on program delivery and student outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katelyn M Godin
- School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON
| | - Sharon I Kirkpatrick
- School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON
| | - Rhona M Hanning
- School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON
| | - Jackie Stapleton
- School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON
| | - Scott T Leatherdale
- School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON
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Daily meal frequency and associated variables in children and adolescents. JORNAL DE PEDIATRIA (VERSÃO EM PORTUGUÊS) 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedp.2016.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Daily meal frequency and associated variables in children and adolescents. J Pediatr (Rio J) 2017; 93:79-86. [PMID: 27393685 DOI: 10.1016/j.jped.2016.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Revised: 04/13/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the frequency distribution of daily meals and its relation to demographic, socioeconomic, behavioral, anthropometric and biochemical factors in children and adolescents. METHODS This was a cross-sectional study with a representative sample of 708 schoolchildren aged 7-14 years. Data on personal information, socioeconomic status, physical activity and number of meals were obtained through semi-structured questionnaire and consumption by 24-h recall and food record. Weight and height measurements were also performed to calculate the body mass index. Finally, blood samples were collected for analysis of total cholesterol, high- and low density lipoprotein, triglyceride, and glucose levels. Descriptive statistics, the Mann-Whitney test, and Poisson regression were used in statistical analysis. RESULTS Meal frequency <4 was associated in children, family income <3 Brazilian minimum wages (PR=5.42; 95% CI: 1.29-22.77; p=0.021) and adolescents, the number of sons in the family >2 (PR=1.53; 95% CI: 1.11-2.11; p=0.010). Even in the age group of 10-14 years, <4 meals was related to higher prevalence of body mass index (PR=1.33; 95% CI: 1.02-1.74; p=0.032) and low-density lipoprotein (PR=1.39; 95% CI: 1.03-1.87; p=0.030) higher after adjustments. CONCLUSION Lower frequency of meals was related to lower income in children and adolescents, larger number of sons in the family, and increased values of body mass index and low-density lipoprotein.
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Batis C, Rodríguez-Ramírez S, Ariza AC, Rivera JA. Intakes of Energy and Discretionary Food in Mexico Are Associated with the Context of Eating: Mealtime, Activity, and Place. J Nutr 2016; 146:1907S-15S. [PMID: 27511934 DOI: 10.3945/jn.115.219857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2015] [Accepted: 02/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of obesity and the intake of discretionary foods [high saturated fat and/or added sugar (HSFAS) products and sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs)] are high in Mexico. It is important to understand whether the intakes of HSFAS products and SSBs are associated with the context in which they are consumed. OBJECTIVE Our aim was to estimate the associations between total energy and discretionary food (HSFAS products and SSBs) intakes and the context of eating (mealtime, activity, and place). METHODS We used data from 10,087 participants aged ≥1 y from the Mexican National Health and Nutrition Survey 2012. Dietary intake was estimated through a 24-h dietary recall that included questions on mealtime, activity, and place in which each food item was consumed. The associations between energy and discretionary food intakes and the context of eating were estimated by using multiple linear regression stratified by age group and adjusted for sociodemographic variables. RESULTS Compared with breakfast, the percentage of energy that HSFAS products contributed was 16-29 (range in all age groups) percentage points higher during midafternoon snacks and 16-23 percentage points lower at lunch and almuerzo (Mexican brunch); the percentage of energy from SSBs was 3.4-7.6 percentage points higher during midmorning snacks (P < 0.05). In many age groups and mealtimes, we found that compared with eating only while seated, the percentage of energy as HSFAS was 5.3-14 percentage points higher when watching television (P < 0.05). Compared with eating at home, the percentage of energy from HSFAS was 12-26 percentage points higher on the street and the percentage of energy from SSBs was 3.4-6.0 percentage points higher at school and 2.9-15 percentage points higher at work (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS These results highlight the need to promote healthier food selection among the Mexican population when snacking and watching television and healthier food environments at work, school, and on the street.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Batis
- National Council for Science and Technology - Center for Nutrition and Health Research
| | - Sonia Rodríguez-Ramírez
- Center for Nutrition and Health Research, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | - Ana Carolina Ariza
- National Council for Science and Technology - Center for Nutrition and Health Research
| | - Juan A Rivera
- Center for Nutrition and Health Research, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Mexico
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Fayet-Moore F, Kim J, Sritharan N, Petocz P. Impact of Breakfast Skipping and Breakfast Choice on the Nutrient Intake and Body Mass Index of Australian Children. Nutrients 2016; 8:nu8080487. [PMID: 27517957 PMCID: PMC4997400 DOI: 10.3390/nu8080487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Revised: 08/04/2016] [Accepted: 08/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent data on breakfast consumption among Australian children are limited. This study examined the impact of breakfast skipping and breakfast type (cereal or non-cereal) on nutrient intakes, likelihood of meeting nutrient targets and anthropometric measures. A secondary analysis of two 24-h recall data from the 2007 Australian National Children’s Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey was conducted (2–16 years; n = 4487) to identify (a) breakfast skippers and (b) breakfast consumers, with breakfast consumers further sub-divided into (i) non-cereal and (ii) cereal consumers. Only 4% skipped breakfast and 59% of skippers were 14–16 years. Breakfast consumers had significantly higher intakes of calcium and folate, and significantly lower intakes of total fat than breakfast skippers. Cereal consumers were more likely to meet targets and consume significantly higher fibre, calcium, iron, had significantly higher intakes of folate, total sugars and carbohydrate, and significantly lower intakes of total fat and sodium than non-cereal consumers. The prevalence of overweight was lower among breakfast consumers compared to skippers, and among cereal consumers compared to-cereal consumers (p < 0.001), while no significant differences were observed for mean body mass index (BMI), BMI z-score, waist circumference and physical activity level across the categories. Breakfast and particularly breakfast cereal consumption contributes important nutrients to children’s diets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavia Fayet-Moore
- Nutrition Research Australia, Level 13 167 Macquarie Street, Sydney 2000, NSW, Australia.
| | - Jean Kim
- Nestlé Australia, 1 Homebush Bay Drive, Rhodes 2138, NSW, Australia.
| | - Nilani Sritharan
- Cereal Partners Worldwide, Chemin du Viaduc 1, Prilly 1008, Vaud, Switzerland.
| | - Peter Petocz
- Department of Statistics, Macquarie University, Sydney 2109, NSW, Australia.
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Socioeconomic status and dietary habits as predictors of home breakfast skipping in young women. J Egypt Public Health Assoc 2016; 89:100-4. [PMID: 25162743 DOI: 10.1097/01.epx.0000452288.49308.40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Breakfast skipping is prevalent among adolescents and young women, and deprives the body of important nutrients. This study was conducted to assess the correlation between breakfast eating and sociodemographic and lifestyle criteria. PARTICIPANTS AND METHODS A cross-sectional study was carried out on a convenient sample of 400 female students selected from the female sector of King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Home breakfast habit and other lifestyle characteristics were studied using a standardized questionnaire. Logistic regression was used to examine the relationship between home breakfast habit and different predictors. RESULTS Home breakfast skippers constituted 71.75% of the whole sample. Breakfast eaters had a significantly higher BMI compared with breakfast skippers (22.66±4.88 vs. 21.58±4.09 in home breakfast skippers; P=0.025). Irrespective of other sociodemographic and lifestyle variables, fathers' education lower than university level negatively predicted home breakfast eating [Exp B=0.40, confidence interval (CI)=0.21-0.77], and being employed positively predicted breakfast eating (Exp B=2.31, CI=1.04-5.15). Likewise, consuming less amount of junk food and fewer soft drinks (Exp B=2.57, CI=1.54-4.28, and Exp B=2.59, CI=1.39-4.81, respectively) and consuming more milk and dairy products (Exp B=1.91, CI=1.16-3.15) correlated positively with home breakfast eating. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS Breakfast skipping was prevalent among adolescents and young women in the studied sample. Unhealthy dietary habits, father's education lower than university level, and father being unemployed positively predicted breakfast skipping of daughters at home. This implies that breakfast eating can be encouraged by approaching parents in addition to their daughters.
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Leatherdale ST, Stefanczyk JM, Kirkpatrick SI. School Breakfast-Club Program Changes and Youth Eating Breakfast During the School Week in the COMPASS Study. THE JOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH 2016; 86:568-577. [PMID: 27374346 DOI: 10.1111/josh.12408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2015] [Revised: 12/01/2015] [Accepted: 03/06/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the importance of breakfast consumption, breakfast skipping is common among Canadian youth. This study examines how changes to school-based breakfast programs are associated with breakfast-skipping behavior. METHODS Using school-level longitudinal data from Year 1 (Y1 : 2012-2013) and Year 2 (Y2 : 2013-2014) of the COMPASS study, quasi-experimental methods evaluated the impact over time that changes to school-based breakfast programs had on breakfast skipping or participating in school-based breakfast program. RESULTS Between Y1 and Y2 , the school-level prevalence of breakfast skipping (54.5%-54.9%) and breakfast program participation (12.3%-13.6%) increased. Of the 43 participating schools, 5 implemented a new school breakfast program. Among the intervention schools, 1 school (School 4) observed a significant, and 1 school (School 3) observed a significant increase in the school-level prevalence of skipping breakfast; there was no significant change in the other 3 intervention schools. CONCLUSIONS Despite the availability of free school breakfast programs, the majority of youth skipped breakfast at least once a school week. Owing to the variation in the types of programs implemented, additional evaluation evidence is necessary to determine which students benefited the most from these programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott T Leatherdale
- CIHR-PHAC Chair in Applied Public Health Research, School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave West, BMH 2321, Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Canada.
| | - Jennifer M Stefanczyk
- School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave West, BMH 2321, Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Canada.
| | - Sharon I Kirkpatrick
- School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave West, BMH 2321, Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Canada.
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Chong KH, Wu SK, Noor Hafizah Y, Bragt MCE, Poh BK. Eating Habits of Malaysian Children: Findings of the South East Asian Nutrition Surveys (SEANUTS). Asia Pac J Public Health 2016; 28:59S-73S. [PMID: 27307424 DOI: 10.1177/1010539516654260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
This article aims to describe the eating habits of Malaysian children using a nationally representative data set from the South East Asian Nutrition Surveys (SEANUTS) in Malaysia. A total of 2797 children aged 2 to 12 years were included in this analysis. Eating habits and dietary intakes of children were assessed using questionnaires. Overall, 56.1% of children consumed 3 main meals every day. Approximately 20% of children snacked 3 times per day, whereas 9.7% ate fast food on a weekly basis. Irregular meal patterns were significantly associated with lower micronutrient intakes, and the groups with higher odds for this pattern were older children, Malays, and those living in rural areas. Considering the relatively high rate of irregular meal consumption and its potential influence on dietary nutrient intake, persistent efforts must be continued to promote and inculcate healthy eating habits among children from an early age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kar Hau Chong
- Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Suet Kei Wu
- Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Yatiman Noor Hafizah
- Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Bee Koon Poh
- Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Cardon G, De Bourdeaudhuij I, Iotova V, Latomme J, Socha P, Koletzko B, Moreno L, Manios Y, Androutsos O, De Craemer M. Health Related Behaviours in Normal Weight and Overweight Preschoolers of a Large Pan-European Sample: The ToyBox-Study. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0150580. [PMID: 26950063 PMCID: PMC4780703 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0150580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the associations of health related behaviours (HRB) with Body Mass Index (BMI) in preschoolers, and to study the likelihood of being overweight/obese in relation to compliance with recommended HRB. The sample consisted of 3301 normal weight and overweight/obese preschoolers (mean age: 4.7 years; 52% boys, 85% normal weight) from six European countries (Belgium, Bulgaria, Germany, Greece, Poland, Spain). Height and weight were measured, total daily step counts were registered during six days, and HRB were assessed with validated parental surveys in 2012. Multiple linear and logistic regression analyses were performed. Only few HRB were significantly associated with BMI. In boys, higher water intake and higher soft drink and higher fruit consumption were significantly associated with higher BMI. Boys drinking less water than recommended were less likely to be overweight/obese (OR = 0.60), while boys who consume soft drinks were more likely to be overweight/obese (OR = 1.52). In girls, higher water intake, higher vegetable consumption, and more TV time on weekend days were significantly associated with higher BMI. Girls eating less vegetables than recommended were less likely to be overweight/obese (OR = 0.62), and girls who engaged in quiet play for more than 90 minutes on weekend days were more likely to be overweight/obese (OR = 1.64). In general, the associations between HRB and BMI or being overweight/obese were limited and mainly related to dietary intake. Awareness campaigns for caregivers should stress that HRB of young children are important and independent of children’s weight status.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Piotr Socha
- Children’s Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Berthold Koletzko
- Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Dr. von Hauner Children’s Hospital, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Yannis Manios
- Harokopio University, School of Health Science & Education, Department of Nutrition-Dietetics, Athens, Greece
| | - Odysseas Androutsos
- Harokopio University, School of Health Science & Education, Department of Nutrition-Dietetics, Athens, Greece
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Barufaldi LA, Abreu GDA, Oliveira JS, dos Santos DF, Fujimori E, Vasconcelos SML, de Vasconcelos FDAG, Tavares BM. ERICA: prevalence of healthy eating habits among Brazilian adolescents. Rev Saude Publica 2016; 50 Suppl 1:6s. [PMID: 26910548 PMCID: PMC4766945 DOI: 10.1590/s01518-8787.2016050006678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2015] [Accepted: 04/11/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the prevalence of eating habits considered healthy in adolescents according to sex, age, education level of the mother, school type, session of study, and geographic region. METHODS The assessed data come from the Study of Cardiovascular Risks in Adolescents (ERICA), a cross-sectional, national and school-based study. Adolescents of 1,247 schools of 124 Brazilian municipalities were evaluated using a self-administered questionnaire with a section on aspects related to eating behaviors. The following eating behaviors were considered healthy: consuming breakfast, drinking water, and having meals accompanied by parents or legal guardians. All prevalence estimates were presented proportionally, with their respective 95% confidence intervals. The Chi-square test was used to evaluate the differences in healthy eating habits prevalences according to other variables. The module survey of the Stata program version 13.0 was used to analyze complex data. RESULTS We evaluated 74,589 adolescents (72.9% of the eligible students). Of these, 55.2% were female, average age being 14.6 years (SD = 1.6). Among Brazilian adolescents, approximately half of them showed healthy eating habits when consuming breakfast, drinking five or more glasses of water a day, and having meals with parents or legal guardians. All analyzed healthy eating habits showed statistically significant differences by sex, age, type of school, session of study, or geographic region . CONCLUSIONS We suggest that specific actions of intersectoral approach are implemented for the dissemination of the benefits of healthy eating habits. Older female adolescents (15 to 17 years old) who studied in public schools, resided in the Southeast region, and whose mothers had lower education levels, should be the focus of these actions since they present lower frequencies concerning the evaluated healthy habits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Augusta Barufaldi
- Departamento de Vigilância de Doenças e Agravos Não Transmissíveis e Promoção da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Ministério da Saúde. Brasília, DF, Brasil
| | | | - Juliana Souza Oliveira
- Núcleo de Nutrição. Centro Acadêmico de Vitória. Universidade Federal de Pernambuco. Vitória de Santo Antão, PE, Brasil
| | | | | | | | | | - Bruno Mendes Tavares
- Instituto de Saúde e Biotecnologia. Universidade Federal do Amazonas. Coari, AM, Brasil
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School staff, parent and student perceptions of a Breakfast in the Classroom model during initial implementation. Public Health Nutr 2016; 19:1696-706. [DOI: 10.1017/s1368980015003754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
AbstractObjectiveTo understand perspectives of stakeholders during initial district-wide implementation of a Breakfast in the Classroom (BIC) model of the School Breakfast Program.DesignQualitative data were collected from twenty-nine focus groups and twenty interviews with stakeholders in a school district early in the process of implementing a BIC model of the School Breakfast Program.SettingTen elementary schools within a large, urban school district in the USA that served predominantly low-income, racial/ethnic minority students.SubjectsPurposively selected stakeholders in elementary schools that had implemented BIC for 3–6 months: students (n 85), parents/guardians (n 86), classroom teachers (n 44), cafeteria managers (n 10) and principals (n 10).ResultsFour primary themes emerged, which were interpreted based on the Diffusion of Innovations model. School staff had changed their perceptions of both the relative disadvantages and costs related to time and effort of BIC over time; the majority of each stakeholder group expressed an appreciation for BIC; student breakfast consumption varied from day to day, related to compatibility of foods with child preferences; and stakeholders held mixed and various impressions of BIC’s potential impacts.ConclusionsThe study underscores the importance of engaging school staff and parents in discussions of BIC programming prior to its initiation to pre-emptively address concerns related to cost, relative disadvantages and compatibility with child preferences and school routines/workflow. Effectively communicating with stakeholders about positive impacts and nutritional value of the meals may improve support for BIC. These findings provide new information to policy makers, districts and practitioners that can be used to improve implementation efforts, model delivery and outcomes.
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Skipping breakfast in early childhood and its associations with maternal and child BMI: a study of 2-5-year-old Australian children. Eur J Clin Nutr 2015; 70:450-5. [PMID: 26508462 DOI: 10.1038/ejcn.2015.184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2015] [Revised: 08/24/2015] [Accepted: 09/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Evidence supporting the association between skipping breakfast and children's body mass index (BMI) has been widely reported, and some consideration has been given to children aged 2-5 years. However, no evidence has considered an association between children skipping breakfast and mother's BMI. This study therefore investigated associations between skipping breakfast, child's BMI and mother's BMI in a large cohort of Australian children. SUBJECTS/METHODS Data were drawn from wave 2 (2-3 years, n=4601) and wave 3 (4-5 years, n=4381) of the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children. The primary outcome was skipping breakfast. Child's and mother's BMI was assessed by trained professionals. RESULTS Girls at 4-5 years were significantly more likely to skip breakfast compared with boys (56.9% versus 43.1%; P=0.031). In cross-sectional data analysis, obese boys at 2-3 years (odds ratio (OR) 2.38; P=0.039) and at 4-5 years (OR 2.32; P=0.046), and also obese girls at 4-5 years (OR 2.26; P=0.018), were more likely to skip breakfast. Skipping breakfast was positively associated with boys at 2-3 years (OR 2.04; P=0.042) whose mothers were overweight and with girls at 4-5 years (OR 2.60; P=0.001) whose mothers were obese. In longitudinal cross-lagged analysis, boys at 2-3 years whose mothers were obese were more likely to skip breakfast 2 years later at age 4-5 years (OR 2.36; P=0.045). CONCLUSIONS Skipping breakfast was associated with higher BMI in children and mothers. Future interventions should target obese mothers to promote breakfast intake among children. The interventions may involve changes to dietary and lifestyle habits and provision of education on the benefits of breakfast intake.
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Godin K, Stapleton J, Kirkpatrick SI, Hanning RM, Leatherdale ST. Applying systematic review search methods to the grey literature: a case study examining guidelines for school-based breakfast programs in Canada. Syst Rev 2015; 4:138. [PMID: 26494010 PMCID: PMC4619264 DOI: 10.1186/s13643-015-0125-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 357] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2015] [Accepted: 09/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Grey literature is an important source of information for large-scale review syntheses. However, there are many characteristics of grey literature that make it difficult to search systematically. Further, there is no 'gold standard' for rigorous systematic grey literature search methods and few resources on how to conduct this type of search. This paper describes systematic review search methods that were developed and applied to complete a case study systematic review of grey literature that examined guidelines for school-based breakfast programs in Canada. METHODS A grey literature search plan was developed to incorporate four different searching strategies: (1) grey literature databases, (2) customized Google search engines, (3) targeted websites, and (4) consultation with contact experts. These complementary strategies were used to minimize the risk of omitting relevant sources. Since abstracts are often unavailable in grey literature documents, items' abstracts, executive summaries, or table of contents (whichever was available) were screened. Screening of publications' full-text followed. Data were extracted on the organization, year published, who they were developed by, intended audience, goal/objectives of document, sources of evidence/resources cited, meals mentioned in the guidelines, and recommendations for program delivery. RESULTS The search strategies for identifying and screening publications for inclusion in the case study review was found to be manageable, comprehensive, and intuitive when applied in practice. The four search strategies of the grey literature search plan yielded 302 potentially relevant items for screening. Following the screening process, 15 publications that met all eligibility criteria remained and were included in the case study systematic review. The high-level findings of the case study systematic review are briefly described. CONCLUSIONS This article demonstrated a feasible and seemingly robust method for applying systematic search strategies to identify web-based resources in the grey literature. The search strategy we developed and tested is amenable to adaptation to identify other types of grey literature from other disciplines and answering a wide range of research questions. This method should be further adapted and tested in future research syntheses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katelyn Godin
- School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada.
| | - Jackie Stapleton
- School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada.
| | - Sharon I Kirkpatrick
- School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada.
| | - Rhona M Hanning
- School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada.
| | - Scott T Leatherdale
- School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada.
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Defeyter MA, Graham PL, Russo R. More than Just a Meal: Breakfast Club Attendance and Children's Social Relationships. Front Public Health 2015; 3:183. [PMID: 26284231 PMCID: PMC4519657 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2015.00183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2015] [Accepted: 07/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The health benefits of school food have been widely promoted in recent years while the social opportunities that surround eating occasions at school have received little attention. Breakfast clubs (BCs), which take place at the start of the school day, offer a unique opportunity for children to consume a breakfast meal on their school premises in the company of their peers. Alternatively, after-school clubs (ASCs), which take place on school premises at the end of the school day, whilst also providing children with social opportunities tend to focus on sports engagement and skill development. The aim of the current paper is to investigate whether attendance at BCs and ASCs has an impact on children's friendship quality and experiences of peer victimization. BC attendees, ASC attendees, and non-attendees completed the Friendship Qualities Scale and the Multidimensional Peer Victimization Scale (MPVS) at two time points. Time-1 data were collected 2 months after the introduction of school clubs. Time-2 data were then collected on the same measures again 6 months later. Results of the analyses of Time-1 data showed no significant differences between groups on any of the measures at Time-1. However, at Time-2, BC attendees showed improved levels of friendship quality compared to the other two groups. Moreover, analysis of the MPVS data at Time-2 showed that children who attended BC or ASC experienced a decline in victimization across time. The current findings suggest that BC attendance facilitates the quality of children's relationships with their best friend over time. Additionally, attendance at a breakfast or ASC was associated with a reduction in victimization over time. The results have implications for utilization of breakfast and ASCs to aid children's social relationships in school over time.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Riccardo Russo
- Department of Psychology, University of Essex, Essex, UK
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Khan NA, Raine LB, Donovan SM, Hillman CH. IV. The cognitive implications of obesity and nutrition in childhood. Monogr Soc Res Child Dev 2015; 79:51-71. [PMID: 25387415 DOI: 10.1111/mono.12130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence of childhood obesity in the United States has tripled since the 1980s and is strongly linked to the early onset of several metabolic diseases. Recent studies indicate that lower cognitive function may be another complication of childhood obesity. This review considers the research to date on the role of obesity and nutrition on childhood cognition and brain health. Although a handful of studies point to a maladaptive relationship between obesity and aspects of cognitive control, remarkably little is known regarding the impact of fat mass on brain development and cognitive function. Further, missing from the literature is the role of nutrition in the obesity-cognition interaction. Nutrition may directly or indirectly influence cognitive performance via several pathways including provision of key substrates for optimal brain health, modulation of gut microbiota, and alterations in systemic energy balance. However, in the absence of malnutrition, the functional benefits of specific nutrient intake on particular cognitive domains are not well characterized. Here, we examine the literature linking childhood obesity and cognition while considering the effects of nutritional intake. Possible mechanisms for these relationships are discussed and suggestions are made for future study topics. Although childhood obesity prevalence rates in some developed countries have recently stabilized, significant disparities remain among groups based on sex and socioeconomic status. Given that the elevated prevalence of pediatric overweight and obesity may persist for the foreseeable future, it is crucial to develop a comprehensive understanding of the influence of obesity and nutrition on cognition and brain health in the pediatric population.
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Harvey-Golding L, Donkin LM, Blackledge J, Defeyter MA. Universal Free School Breakfast: A Qualitative Model for Breakfast Behaviors. Front Public Health 2015; 3:154. [PMID: 26125017 PMCID: PMC4463865 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2015.00154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2015] [Accepted: 05/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the provision of school breakfast has increased significantly in the UK. However, research examining the effectiveness of school breakfast is still within relative stages of infancy, and findings to date have been rather mixed. Moreover, previous evaluations of school breakfast schemes have been predominantly quantitative in their methodologies. Currently, there are few qualitative studies examining the subjective perceptions and experiences of stakeholders, and thereby an absence of knowledge regarding the sociocultural impacts of school breakfast. The purpose of this study was to investigate the beliefs, views and attitudes, and breakfast consumption behaviors, among key stakeholders, served by a council-wide universal free school breakfast initiative, within the North West of England, UK. A sample of children, parents, and school staff were recruited from three primary schools, participating in the universal free school breakfast scheme, to partake in semi-structured interviews and small focus groups. A Grounded Theory analysis of the data collected identified a theoretical model of breakfast behaviors, underpinned by the subjective perceptions and experiences of these key stakeholders. The model comprises of three domains relating to breakfast behaviors, and the internal and external factors that are perceived to influence breakfast behaviors, among children, parents, and school staff. Findings were validated using triangulation methods, member checks, and inter-rater reliability measures. In presenting this theoretically grounded model for breakfast behaviors, this paper provides a unique qualitative insight into the breakfast consumption behaviors and barriers to breakfast consumption, within a socioeconomically deprived community, participating in a universal free school breakfast intervention program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Harvey-Golding
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University , Newcastle Upon Tyne , UK
| | | | - John Blackledge
- Directorate of Community and Environmental Services, Blackpool Council , Blackpool , UK
| | - Margaret Anne Defeyter
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University , Newcastle Upon Tyne , UK
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