1
|
Bhuktar H, Thirupataiah B, Mounika G, Samarpita S, Rithvik A, Sasi Priya SVS, Naskar R, Medishetti R, Jagadish PC, Parsa KVL, Rasool M, Chakraborty S, Pal M. Targeting next-generation PDE4 inhibitors in search of potential management of rheumatoid arthritis and psoriasis. Bioorg Chem 2024; 151:107689. [PMID: 39111119 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2024] [Revised: 07/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/30/2024]
Abstract
Immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs) comprise a broad spectrum of conditions characterized by systemic inflammation affecting various organs and tissues, for which there is no known cure. The isoform-specific inhibition of phosphodiesterase-4B (PDE4B) over PDE4D constitutes an effective therapeutic strategy for the treatment of IMIDs that minimizes the adverse effects associated with non-selective PDE4 inhibitors. Thus, we report a new class of isoquinolone derivatives as next-generation PDE4 inhibitors for effective management of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and psoriasis. Among the series, 8 compounds i.e. 1e, 1l, 1m, 1n, 1o, 2m, 2o and 3o showed promising PDE4B inhibition (>80 %) in vitro with IC50 ∼ 1.4-6.2 µM. The compound 1l was identified as an initial hit and was pursued for further studies. According to structure-activity relationship (SAR), an allyl group at C-4 position improved PDE4B inhibition. The correlation between in vitro activity data and binding affinities obtained via molecular docking suggested that the high-affinity binding to PDE4B is a prerequisite for the effective inhibition of PDE4B. Notably, the hit 1l showed selectivity towards PDE4B over PDE4D in vitro. Furthermore, 1l treatment (30 mg/kg) in the adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA) rat model induced by complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) demonstrated anti-arthritic potential via ameliorating paw swelling and body weight, narrowing joint space, reducing excessive immune cells infiltration and pannus formation in addition to reducing mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α and IL-6 in synovial tissues of experimental rats. Additionally, 1l reduced the hyper-proliferative state and colony forming potential of IMQ-induced psoriatic keratinocytes. The treatment of these cells with 1l markedly reduced the protein levels of Ki67 and mRNA levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines e.g. IL-17A and TNF-α suggesting its potent anti-psoriatic potential. Furthermore, 1l did not show any significant adverse effects when evaluated in a systematic toxicity (e.g. teratogenicity, hepatotoxicity and cardiotoxicity) studies in zebrafish at the tested concentrations (1-100 µM) and the NOAEL (no-observed-adverse-effect level) was found to be 100 µM. Thus, with promising anti-inflammatory effects both in vitro and in vivo along with PDE4B selectivity with an acceptable safety margin, 1l emerged as a new and promising inhibitor for further studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Harshavardhan Bhuktar
- Dr. Reddy's Institute of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad Campus, Gachibowli, Hyderabad 500 046, Telangana, India; Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Madhav Nagar, Manipal 576 104, Karnataka, India
| | - B Thirupataiah
- Dr. Reddy's Institute of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad Campus, Gachibowli, Hyderabad 500 046, Telangana, India
| | - Guntipally Mounika
- Dr. Reddy's Institute of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad Campus, Gachibowli, Hyderabad 500 046, Telangana, India
| | - Snigdha Samarpita
- Immunopathology Lab, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632 014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Arulkumaran Rithvik
- Immunopathology Lab, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632 014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S V S Sasi Priya
- Dr. Reddy's Institute of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad Campus, Gachibowli, Hyderabad 500 046, Telangana, India
| | - Roumi Naskar
- Dr. Reddy's Institute of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad Campus, Gachibowli, Hyderabad 500 046, Telangana, India
| | - Raghavender Medishetti
- Dr. Reddy's Institute of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad Campus, Gachibowli, Hyderabad 500 046, Telangana, India
| | - P C Jagadish
- Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Madhav Nagar, Manipal 576 104, Karnataka, India
| | - Kishore V L Parsa
- Dr. Reddy's Institute of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad Campus, Gachibowli, Hyderabad 500 046, Telangana, India
| | - Mahaboobkhan Rasool
- Immunopathology Lab, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632 014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sandipan Chakraborty
- Dr. Reddy's Institute of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad Campus, Gachibowli, Hyderabad 500 046, Telangana, India
| | - Manojit Pal
- Dr. Reddy's Institute of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad Campus, Gachibowli, Hyderabad 500 046, Telangana, India; Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Madhav Nagar, Manipal 576 104, Karnataka, India.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sinha A, Roy S. Prospective therapeutic targets and recent advancements in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2024:1-14. [PMID: 39013809 DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2024.2381756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) poses a persistent challenge in the realm of gastroenterology, necessitating continual exploration of innovative treatment strategies. The limited efficacy and potential side effects associated with existing therapeutic modalities underscore the urgent need for novel approaches in IBD management. This study aims to examine potential therapeutic targets and recent advancements in understanding the disease's intricate pathogenesis, with a spotlight on the gut microbiome, immune dysregulation, and genetic predispositions. METHODS A comprehensive review was conducted to delve into the pressing demand for new avenues in IBD treatment. The study examined potential therapeutic targets such as phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) inhibitors, immune system modulators, Tyrosine kinase receptors (TYK), Toll-like receptors (TLRs), modulation of the gut microbiota, stem cell therapy, fibrosis management, interleukins (ILs) regulation, and oxidative stress mitigation. Additionally, advances in precision medicine, biologics, small molecule inhibitors, and microbiome modulation techniques were explored. RESULTS The investigation unveiled promising therapeutic targets and provided insights into recent breakthroughs that herald a transformative era in the therapeutic landscape for IBD. Advances in precision medicine, biologics, small molecule inhibitors, and the exploration of microbiome modulation techniques stood out as pivotal milestones in the field of gastroenterology. CONCLUSIONS The findings offer renewed hope for enhanced efficacy, reduced side effects, and improved patient outcomes in the treatment of IBD. These innovative approaches necessitate continual exploration and underscore the urgent need for novel strategies in IBD management, potentially revolutionizing the realm of gastroenterology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akshit Sinha
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Lucknow, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, India
| | - Supriya Roy
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Lucknow, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, India
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Bule P, Kadkanje P, Kshirsagar R, Puppala ER, Naidu VGM, Chella N. Formulation characterization of lecithin organogel as topical drug delivery system for psoriasis: In-vitro permeation and preclinical evaluation. Drug Dev Res 2024; 85:e22191. [PMID: 38685610 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.22191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory and proliferative skin disease that causes pathological skin changes and has a substantial impact on the quality of patient life. Apremilast was approved by the US Food and Drug Administration as an oral medication for psoriasis and is beneficial in mild to moderate conditions for chronic usage. However, 5%-7% of withdrawals were reported due to severe side effects. To address the issue, a localized drug delivery strategy via the topical route may be a viable approach. However, poor physicochemical properties make it vulnerable to passing through the skin, requiring a specialized drug delivery system to demonstrate its full potential via a topical route like lecithin organogel. The formulation was optimized by screening the suitable lecithin type and non-polar solvents based on the gel formation ability of lecithin and the solubility of apremilast in the solvent. The pseudo-ternary diagram was used to optimize the water content required to form the gel. The optimized gel was found to be shear thinning characterized for rheological parameters, in-vitro diffusion studies, and in-vitro skin distribution studies. Preclinical studies in Imiquimod-induced mice showed a better reduction in severity index, cytokine levels, and epidermal hyperplasia from the lecithin organogel group compared to the apremilast oral administration and marketed standard topical gel group. Based on these results, lecithin organogel can be considered a promising approach to deliver molecules like apremilast by topical route in psoriatic-like conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Prajakta Bule
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology (Formulations), National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Prashant Kadkanje
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Ravikiran Kshirsagar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology (Formulations), National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Eswara Rao Puppala
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Vegi Ganga Modi Naidu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Naveen Chella
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology (Formulations), National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Guwahati, Assam, India
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Obi ON. Anti-inflammatory Therapy for Sarcoidosis. Clin Chest Med 2024; 45:131-157. [PMID: 38245362 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccm.2023.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
Over 50% of patients with sarcoidosis will require anti-inflammatory therapy at some point in their disease course. Indications for therapy are to improve health-related quality of life, prevent or arrest organ dysfunction (or organ failure) or avoid death. Recently published treatment guidelines recommended a stepwise approach to therapy however there are some patients for whom up front combination or more intense therapy maybe reasonable. The last decade has seen an explosion of studies and trials evaluating novel therapeutic agents and treatment strategies. Currently available anti-inflammatory therapies and several novel therapies are discussed here.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ogugua Ndili Obi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ouassou H, Elhouda Daoudi N, Bouknana S, Abdnim R, Bnouham M. A Review of Antidiabetic Medicinal Plants as a Novel Source of Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors: Future Perspective of New Challenges Against Diabetes Mellitus. Med Chem 2024; 20:467-486. [PMID: 38265379 DOI: 10.2174/0115734064255060231116192839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Intracellular glucose concentration plays a crucial role in initiating the molecular secretory process of pancreatic β-cells through multiple messengers and signaling pathways. Cyclic nucleotides are key physiological regulators that modulate pathway interactions in β -cells. An increase of cyclic nucleotides is controled by hydrolysed phosphodiesterases (PDEs), which degrades cyclic nucleotides into inactive metabolites. Despite the undeniable therapeutic potential of PDE inhibitors, they are associated with several side effects. The treatment strategy for diabetes based on PDE inhibitors has been proposed for a long time. Hence, the world of natural antidiabetic medicinal plants represents an ideal source of phosphodiesterase inhibitors as a new strategy for developing novel agents to treat diabetes mellitus. This review highlights medicinal plants traditionally used in the treatment of diabetes mellitus that have been proven to have inhibitory effects on PDE activity. The contents of this review were sourced from electronic databases, including Science Direct, PubMed, Springer Link, Web of Science, Scopus, Wiley Online, Scifinder and Google Scholar. These databases were consulted to collect information without any limitation date. After comprehensive literature screening, this paper identified 27 medicinal plants that have been reported to exhibit anti-phosphodiesterase activities. The selection of these plants was based on their traditional uses in the treatment of diabetes mellitus. The review emphasizes the antiphosphodiesterase properties of 31 bioactive components derived from these plant extracts. Many phenolic compounds have been identified as PDE inhibitors: Brazilin, mesozygin, artonin I, chalcomaracin, norartocarpetin, moracin L, moracin M, moracin C, curcumin, gallic acid, caffeic acid, rutin, quercitrin, quercetin, catechin, kaempferol, chlorogenic acid, and ellagic acid. Moreover, smome lignans have reported as PDE inhibitors: (+)-Medioresinol di-O-β-d-glucopyranoside, (+)- Pinoresinol di-O-β-d-glucopyranoside, (+)-Pinoresinol-4-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl (1→6)-β-dglucopyranoside, Liriodendrin, (+)-Pinoresinol 4'-O-β-d-glucopyranoside, and forsythin. This review provides a promising starting point of medicinal plants, which could be further studied for the development of natural phosphodiesterase inhibitors to treat diabetes mellitus. Therefore, it is important to consider clinical studies for the identification of new targets for the treatment of diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hayat Ouassou
- Higher Institute of Nurses Professions and Health Techniques, Oujda 60000, Morocco
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnology, Ethnopharmacology and Health, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed First University, BP. 717, Oujda 60040, Morocco
| | - Nour Elhouda Daoudi
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnology, Ethnopharmacology and Health, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed First University, BP. 717, Oujda 60040, Morocco
| | - Saliha Bouknana
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University Mohammed First, Boulevard Mohamed VI BP 717, Oujda 60040, Morocco
| | - Rhizlan Abdnim
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnology, Ethnopharmacology and Health, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed First University, BP. 717, Oujda 60040, Morocco
| | - Mohamed Bnouham
- Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnology, Ethnopharmacology and Health, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed First University, BP. 717, Oujda 60040, Morocco
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Bettolini L, Bighetti S, Incardona P, Calzavara-Pinton P, Maione V. Successful Treatment of Recalcitrant Subcorneal Pustular Dermatosis (Sneddon-Wilkinson Diseases) With Apremilast. Dermatol Pract Concept 2024; 14:dpc.1401a35. [PMID: 38364407 PMCID: PMC10868887 DOI: 10.5826/dpc.1401a35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Luca Bettolini
- Dermatology Department, University of Brescia, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Stefano Bighetti
- Dermatology Department, University of Brescia, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Paolo Incardona
- Departement of Pathology, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | | | - Vincenzo Maione
- Dermatology Department, University of Brescia, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Rapalli VK, Tomar Y, Sharma S, Roy A, Singhvi G. Apremilast loaded lyotropic liquid crystalline nanoparticles embedded hydrogel for improved permeation and skin retention: An effective approach for psoriasis treatment. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 162:114634. [PMID: 37018989 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The present work aimed to prepare and evaluate Apremilast loaded lyotropic liquid crystalline nanoparticles (LCNPs) formulation for skin delivery to enhance the efficacy with reduced adverse effects of the oral therapy in psoriasis treatment. The LCNPs were prepared using the emulsification using a high shear homogenizer for size reduction and optimized with Box Behnken design to achieve desired particle size and entrapment efficiency. The selected LCNPs formulation was evaluated for in-vitro release, in-vitro psoriasis efficacy, skin retention, dermatokinetic, in-vivo skin retention, and skin irritation study. The selected formulation exhibited 173.25 ± 2.192 nm (polydispersity 0.273 ± 0.008) particle size and 75.028 ± 0.235% entrapment efficiency. The in-vitro drug release showed the prolonged-release for 18 h. The ex-vivo studies revealed that LCNPs formulation exhibited drug retention up to 3.2 and 11.9-fold higher, in stratum corneum and viable epidermis compared to conventional gel preparation. In-vitro cell line studies performed on immortal keratinocyte cells (HaCaT cells) demonstrated non-toxicity of selected excipients used in designed LCNPs. The dermatokinetic study revealed the AUC0-24 of the LCNPs loaded gel was 8.4 fold higher in epidermis and 2.06 fold in dermis, respectively compared to plain gel. Further, in-vivo animal studies showed enhanced skin permeation and retention of Apremilast compared to conventional gel.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Yashika Tomar
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani 333031, India
| | - Swati Sharma
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani 333031, India
| | - Aniruddha Roy
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani 333031, India
| | - Gautam Singhvi
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani 333031, India.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Kuczyńska M, Gabig-Cimińska M, Moskot M. Molecular treatment trajectories within psoriatic T lymphocytes: a mini review. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1170273. [PMID: 37251381 PMCID: PMC10213638 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1170273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple biological processes in mammalian cells are implicated in psoriasis (Ps) development and progression, as well as in the pathogenic mechanisms associated with this chronic immune-mediated inflammatory disease (IMID). These refer to molecular cascades contributing to the pathological topical and systemic reactions in Ps, where local skin-resident cells derived from peripheral blood and skin-infiltrating cells originating from the circulatory system, in particular T lymphocytes (T cells), are key actors. The interplay between molecular components of T cell signalling transduction and their involvement in cellular cascades (i.e. throughout Ca2+/CaN/NFAT, MAPK/JNK, PI3K/Akt/mTOR, JAK/STAT pathways) has been of concern in the last few years; this is still less characterised than expected, even though some evidence has accumulated to date identifying them as potential objects in the management of Ps. Innovative therapeutic strategies for the use of compounds such as synthetic Small Molecule Drugs (SMDs) and their various combinations proved to be promising tools for the treatment of Ps via incomplete blocking, also known as modulation of disease-associated molecular tracks. Despite recent drug development having mainly centred on biological therapies for Ps, yet displaying serious limitations, SMDs acting on specific pathway factor isoforms or single effectors within T cell, could represent a valid innovation in real-world treatment patterns in patients with Ps. Of note, due to the intricate crosstalk between intracellular pathways, the use of selective agents targeting proper tracks is, in our opinion, a challenge for modern science regarding the prevention of disease at its onset and also in the prediction of patient response to Ps treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Marta Moskot
- *Correspondence: Magdalena Gabig-Cimińska, ; Marta Moskot,
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Mohr A, Besser M, Broichhausen S, Winter M, Bungert AD, Strücker B, Juratli MA, Pascher A, Becker F. The Influence of Apremilast-Induced Macrophage Polarization on Intestinal Wound Healing. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12103359. [PMID: 37240465 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12103359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
There is compelling evidence suggesting a pivotal role played by macrophages in orchestrating intestinal wound healing. Since macrophages display significant plasticity and heterogeneity, exhibiting an either classically activated (M1-like) or alternatively activated (M2-like) phenotype, they can aggravate or attenuate intestinal wound healing. Growing evidence also demonstrates a causal link between impaired mucosal healing in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and defects in the polarization of pro-resolving macrophages. By targeting the switch from M1 to M2 macrophages, the phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitor Apremilast has gained recent attention as a potential IBD drug. However, there is a gap in our current knowledge regarding the impact of Apremilast-induced macrophages' polarization on intestinal wound healing. The THP-1 cells were differentiated and polarized into M1 and M2 macrophages, and subsequently treated with Apremilast. Gene expression analysis was performed to characterize macrophage M1 and M2 phenotypes, and to identify possible target genes of Apremilast and the involved pathways. Next, intestinal fibroblast (CCD-18) and epithelial (CaCo-2) cell lines were scratch-wounded and exposed to a conditioned medium of Apremilast-treated macrophages. Apremilast had a clear effect on macrophage polarization, inducing an M1 to M2 phenotype switch, which was associated with NF-κB signaling. In addition, the wound-healing assays revealed an indirect influence of Apremilast on fibroblast migration. Our results support the hypothesis of Apremilast acting through the NF-κB-pathway and provide new insights into the interaction with fibroblast during intestinal wound healing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Annika Mohr
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, University Hospital Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Manuela Besser
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, University Hospital Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Sonja Broichhausen
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, University Hospital Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Maximiliane Winter
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, University Hospital Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Alexander D Bungert
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, University Hospital Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Benjamin Strücker
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, University Hospital Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Mazen A Juratli
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, University Hospital Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Andreas Pascher
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, University Hospital Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Felix Becker
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, University Hospital Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Singhal P, Veturi Y, Dudek SM, Lucas A, Frase A, van Steen K, Schrodi SJ, Fasel D, Weng C, Pendergrass R, Schaid DJ, Kullo IJ, Dikilitas O, Sleiman PMA, Hakonarson H, Moore JH, Williams SM, Ritchie MD, Verma SS. Evidence of epistasis in regions of long-range linkage disequilibrium across five complex diseases in the UK Biobank and eMERGE datasets. Am J Hum Genet 2023; 110:575-591. [PMID: 37028392 PMCID: PMC10119154 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2023.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Leveraging linkage disequilibrium (LD) patterns as representative of population substructure enables the discovery of additive association signals in genome-wide association studies (GWASs). Standard GWASs are well-powered to interrogate additive models; however, new approaches are required for invesigating other modes of inheritance such as dominance and epistasis. Epistasis, or non-additive interaction between genes, exists across the genome but often goes undetected because of a lack of statistical power. Furthermore, the adoption of LD pruning as customary in standard GWASs excludes detection of sites that are in LD but might underlie the genetic architecture of complex traits. We hypothesize that uncovering long-range interactions between loci with strong LD due to epistatic selection can elucidate genetic mechanisms underlying common diseases. To investigate this hypothesis, we tested for associations between 23 common diseases and 5,625,845 epistatic SNP-SNP pairs (determined by Ohta's D statistics) in long-range LD (>0.25 cM). Across five disease phenotypes, we identified one significant and four near-significant associations that replicated in two large genotype-phenotype datasets (UK Biobank and eMERGE). The genes that were most likely involved in the replicated associations were (1) members of highly conserved gene families with complex roles in multiple pathways, (2) essential genes, and/or (3) genes that were associated in the literature with complex traits that display variable expressivity. These results support the highly pleiotropic and conserved nature of variants in long-range LD under epistatic selection. Our work supports the hypothesis that epistatic interactions regulate diverse clinical mechanisms and might especially be driving factors in conditions with a wide range of phenotypic outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pankhuri Singhal
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Yogasudha Veturi
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Scott M Dudek
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Anastasia Lucas
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Alex Frase
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Kristel van Steen
- Department of Human Genetics, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, ON4 Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Steven J Schrodi
- Laboratory of Genetics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - David Fasel
- Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Hakon Hakonarson
- Children's Hospital of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Jason H Moore
- Department of Computational Biomedicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Scott M Williams
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Marylyn D Ritchie
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | - Shefali S Verma
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Sharma S, Bhardwaj A, Dwivedi P, Yadav SS, Shamim MA, Singh S, Sharma PP, Ambwani S, SIngh K. Apremilast Add-On Benefits Over Conventional Drugs (ABCD) in Unstable Non-segmental Vitiligo: A 12-Week Single-Center Randomized Controlled Trial. Cureus 2023; 15:e37180. [PMID: 37153322 PMCID: PMC10162885 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.37180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Apremilast is an oral phosphodiesterase-4 enzyme inhibitor that modulates the immune system by increasing intracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate levels and inhibiting inflammatory cytokines synthesis. We aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of add-on apremilast in combination therapy with standard treatment in patients with unstable, non-segmental vitiligo. Methods The study was a 12-week randomized, controlled, parallel-group, open-labeled trial. The control group received standard treatment (n=15), and the intervention group received 30 mg apremilast twice daily in addition to standard treatment (n= 16). Time to the first sign of re-pigmentation, halt in progression, and change in vitiligo area scoring index (VASI) score is the primary outcomes. Normality was assessed, and appropriate parametric and nonparametric tests were undertaken. Results Thirty-seven participants were randomized into two groups, and analysis was done on thirty-one participants. Over the treatment duration of 12 weeks, the median time to observe the first sign of re-pigmentation was four weeks in the add-on apremilast group compared to seven weeks in the control group (p=0.018). The halt in progression was observed more in the add-on Apremilast group (93.75%) compared to the control group (66.66%) (p=0.08). The VASI score decreased by 1.24 in the add-on apremilast group and 0.05 in the control group (p= 0.754). Parameters including body surface area, dermatology life quality index, and body mass index reduced significantly, while the visual analog scale increased significantly in the add-on apremilast group. However, results were comparable between groups. Conclusions Treatment with add-on apremilast accelerated clinical improvement. It also reduced disease progression and improved the disease index among participants. However, add-on apremilast had a lower tolerability profile than the control group.
Collapse
|
12
|
Gomaa AA, Farghaly HSM, Ahmed AM, Hemida FK. Intermittent treatment with Apremilast, a phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitor, ameliorates Alzheimer's-like pathology and symptoms through multiple targeting actions in aged T2D rats. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 117:109927. [PMID: 36848793 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.109927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Apremilast (Apre), a novel phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE4) inhibitor, has been shown to have anti-inflammatory, immunomodulator, neuroprotective and senolytic properties, therefore, Apre like other PDE4 inhibitors may be a promising candidate for treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD). OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effectiveness of Apre on Alzheimer's like pathology and symptoms in an animal model. METHODS The effects of Apre and cilostazol, a reference drug, on the behavioral, biochemical, and pathological features of Alzheimer's disease induced by a high-fat/high-fructose diet combined with low-dose streptozotocin (HF/HFr/l-STZ) were investigated. RESULT Apre 5 mg/kg IP/day for 3 consecutive days per week for 8 weeks attenuated memory and learning deficits tested by novel object recognition, Morris water maze and passive avoidance tests. Apre treatment significantly decreased the number of degenerating cells, and abnormal suppression of gene expression of AMPA and NMDA receptor subunits in the cortex and hippocampus of the AD rat model compared to rats that received vehicle. A significant decrease in elevated levels of hippocampal amyloid beta, tau-positive cell count, cholinesterase activity, and hippocampal caspase-3, a biomarker of neurodegeneration, was also observed after treatment with Apre in AD rats compared to rats that received placebo. Furthermore, a significant decrease in pro-inflammatory cytokines, oxidative stress, insulin resistance and GSK-3 was demonstrated in AD aged rats treated by Apre. CONCLUSION Our findings demonstrate that intermittent treatment with Apre can enhance cognitive function in HF/HFr/l-STZ rats which may be related to decreased pro-inflammatory cytokines, oxidative stress, insulin resistance and GSK-3β.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adel A Gomaa
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.
| | - Hanan S M Farghaly
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Asmaa M Ahmed
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Fahmy K Hemida
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Nazri JM, Oikonomopoulou K, de Araujo ED, Kraskouskaya D, Gunning PT, Chandran V. Histone deacetylase inhibitors as a potential new treatment for psoriatic disease and other inflammatory conditions. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci 2023; 60:300-320. [PMID: 36846924 DOI: 10.1080/10408363.2023.2177251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
Collectively known as psoriatic disease, psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis (PsA) are immune-mediated inflammatory diseases in which patients present with cutaneous and musculoskeletal inflammation. Affecting roughly 2-3% of the world's total population, there remains unmet therapeutic needs in both psoriasis and PsA despite the availability of current immunomodulatory treatments. As a result, patients with psoriatic disease often experience reduced quality of life. Recently, a class of small molecules, commonly investigated as anti-cancer agents, called histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors, have been proposed as a new promising anti-inflammatory treatment for immune- and inflammatory-related diseases. In inflammatory diseases, current evidence is derived from studies on diseases like rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and systematic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and while there are some reports studying psoriasis, data on PsA patients are not yet available. In this review, we provide a brief overview of psoriatic disease, psoriasis, and PsA, as well as HDACs, and discuss the rationale behind the potential use of HDAC inhibitors in the management of persistent inflammation to suggest its possible use in psoriatic disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jehan Mohammad Nazri
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | | | - Elvin D de Araujo
- Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences, University of Toronto, Mississauga, Canada
| | - Dziyana Kraskouskaya
- Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences, University of Toronto, Mississauga, Canada
| | - Patrick T Gunning
- Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences, University of Toronto, Mississauga, Canada.,Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Vinod Chandran
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Schroeder Arthritis Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Memorial University, St. John's, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Maione V, Bettolini L, Venturuzzo A, Tonon F, Battocchio S, Calzavara‐Pinton P. Efficacy of apremilast in a case of resistant linear IgA bullous disease. Int J Dermatol 2022; 62:e300-e302. [PMID: 36468775 DOI: 10.1111/ijd.16548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Maione
- Department of Dermatology Spedali Civili, University of Brescia Brescia Italy
| | - Luca Bettolini
- Department of Dermatology Spedali Civili, University of Brescia Brescia Italy
| | - Anna Venturuzzo
- Department of Dermatology Spedali Civili, University of Brescia Brescia Italy
| | - Francesco Tonon
- Department of Dermatology Spedali Civili, University of Brescia Brescia Italy
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Viswanath V, Joshi P, Dhakne M, Dhoot D, Mahadkar N, Barkate H. Evaluation of the Efficacy and Safety of Apremilast in the Management of Lichen Planus. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 2022; 15:2593-2600. [DOI: 10.2147/ccid.s390591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
|
16
|
Gelfand JM, Shin DB, Armstrong AW, Tyring SK, Blauvelt A, Gottlieb S, Lockshin BN, Kalb RE, Fitzsimmons R, Rodante J, Parel P, Manyak GA, Mendelsohn L, Noe MH, Papadopoulos M, Syed MN, Werner TJ, Wan J, Playford MP, Alavi A, Mehta NN. Association of Apremilast With Vascular Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Function in Patients With Psoriasis: The VIP-A Phase 4, Open-label, Nonrandomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Dermatol 2022; 158:1394-1403. [PMID: 36129688 PMCID: PMC9494263 DOI: 10.1001/jamadermatol.2022.3862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Importance Psoriasis is an inflammatory condition associated with metabolic and cardiovascular disease. Apremilast, a phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor, is commonly used for psoriasis and can cause weight loss. Objective To determine the association between apremilast and aortic vascular inflammation as assessed by 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG-PET/CT), cardiometabolic markers (primary outcomes at week 16), and abdominal fat composition. Design, Setting, and Participants A single-arm, open-label, interventional, nonrandomized clinical trial in which the imaging and laboratory outcomes were measured by an investigator who was blinded to time was conducted between April 11, 2017, and August 17, 2021, at 7 dermatology sites in the United States. A total of 101 patients with moderate to severe psoriasis were screened, 70 enrolled, 60 completed week 16, and 39 completed week 52. Intervention Apremilast, 30 mg, twice daily. Main Outcomes and Measures Aortic vascular inflammation (measured by FDG-PET/CT), 68 cardiometabolic biomarkers, and abdominal fat composition (measured by CT) at week 16 and week 52 compared with baseline. Results The mean (SD) age of the 70 patients was 47.5 (14.6) years, 54 were male (77.1%), 4 were Black (5.7%), and 58 were White (82.9%). There was no change in aortic vascular inflammation at week 16 (target to background ratio, -0.02; 95% CI, -0.08 to 0.05; P = .61) or week 52 (target to background ratio, -0.07; 95% CI, -0.15 to 0.01; P = .09) compared with baseline. At week 16, potentially beneficial decreases in interleukin 1b, valine, leucine, isoleucine, fetuin A, and branched-chain amino acids were observed. At week 52 compared with baseline, potentially beneficial decreases in ferritin, β-hydroxybutyrate, acetone, and ketone bodies, with an increase in apolipoprotein A-1, were observed, but there was a reduction in cholesterol efflux. There was an approximately 5% to 6% reduction in subcutaneous and visceral adiposity at week 16 that was maintained at week 52. Conclusions and Relevance The findings of this nonrandomized clinical trial suggest that apremilast has a neutral association with aortic vascular inflammation, variable but generally beneficial associations with a subset of cardiometabolic biomarkers, and associations with reductions in visceral and subcutaneous fat, indicating that the drug may have an overall benefit for patients with cardiometabolic disease and psoriasis. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03082729.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joel M. Gelfand
- Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia
| | - Daniel B. Shin
- Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia
| | - April W. Armstrong
- Department of Dermatology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles
| | - Stephen K. Tyring
- Department of Dermatology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston
| | | | - Scott Gottlieb
- Dermatology and Skin Surgery Center, Exton, Pennsylvania
| | | | - Robert E. Kalb
- SUNY at Buffalo School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Department of Dermatology, Buffalo Medical Group, Buffalo, New York
| | - Robert Fitzsimmons
- Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia
| | - Justin Rodante
- Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Philip Parel
- Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Grigory A. Manyak
- Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Laurel Mendelsohn
- Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Megan H. Noe
- Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Maryte Papadopoulos
- Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia
| | - Maha N. Syed
- Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia
| | - Thomas J. Werner
- Department of Radiology (Nuclear Medicine), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
| | - Joy Wan
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Martin P. Playford
- Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Abass Alavi
- Department of Radiology (Nuclear Medicine), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
| | - Nehal N. Mehta
- Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Yang K, Liu J, Gong Y, Li Y, Liu Q. Bioinformatics and systems biology approaches to identify molecular targeting mechanism influenced by COVID-19 on heart failure. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1052850. [DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1052850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has emerged as a contemporary hazard to people. It has been known that COVID-19 can both induce heart failure (HF) and raise the risk of patient mortality. However, the mechanism underlying the association between COVID-19 and HF remains unclear. The common molecular pathways between COVID-19 and HF were identified using bioinformatic and systems biology techniques. Transcriptome analysis was performed to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs). To identify gene ontology terms and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways, common DEGs were used for enrichment analysis. The results showed that COVID-19 and HF have several common immune mechanisms, including differentiation of T helper (Th) 1, Th 2, Th 17 cells; activation of lymphocytes; and binding of major histocompatibility complex class I and II protein complexes. Furthermore, a protein-protein interaction network was constructed to identify hub genes, and immune cell infiltration analysis was performed. Six hub genes (FCGR3A, CD69, IFNG, CCR7, CCL5, and CCL4) were closely associated with COVID-19 and HF. These targets were associated with immune cells (central memory CD8 T cells, T follicular helper cells, regulatory T cells, myeloid-derived suppressor cells, plasmacytoid dendritic cells, macrophages, eosinophils, and neutrophils). Additionally, transcription factors, microRNAs, drugs, and chemicals that are closely associated with COVID-19 and HF were identified through the interaction network.
Collapse
|
18
|
Kanapeckaitė A, Mažeikienė A, Geris L, Burokienė N, Cottrell GS, Widera D. Computational pharmacology: New avenues for COVID-19 therapeutics search and better preparedness for future pandemic crises. Biophys Chem 2022; 290:106891. [PMID: 36137310 PMCID: PMC9464258 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpc.2022.106891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic created an unprecedented global healthcare emergency prompting the exploration of new therapeutic avenues, including drug repurposing. A large number of ongoing studies revealed pervasive issues in clinical research, such as the lack of accessible and organised data. Moreover, current shortcomings in clinical studies highlighted the need for a multi-faceted approach to tackle this health crisis. Thus, we set out to explore and develop new strategies for drug repositioning by employing computational pharmacology, data mining, systems biology, and computational chemistry to advance shared efforts in identifying key targets, affected networks, and potential pharmaceutical intervention options. Our study revealed that formulating pharmacological strategies should rely on both therapeutic targets and their networks. We showed how data mining can reveal regulatory patterns, capture novel targets, alert about side-effects, and help identify new therapeutic avenues. We also highlighted the importance of the miRNA regulatory layer and how this information could be used to monitor disease progression or devise treatment strategies. Importantly, our work bridged the interactome with the chemical compound space to better understand the complex landscape of COVID-19 drugs. Machine and deep learning allowed us to showcase limitations in current chemical libraries for COVID-19 suggesting that both in silico and experimental analyses should be combined to retrieve therapeutically valuable compounds. Based on the gathered data, we strongly advocate for taking this opportunity to establish robust practices for treating today's and future infectious diseases by preparing solid analytical frameworks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Austė Kanapeckaitė
- AK Consulting, Laisvės g. 7, LT 12007 Vilnius, Lithuania,Corresponding author
| | - Asta Mažeikienė
- Department of Physiology, Biochemistry, Microbiology and Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, M. K. Čiurlionio g. 21, LT-03101 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Liesbet Geris
- Biomechanics Research Unit, GIGA In Silico Medicine, University of Liège, Quartier Hôpital, Avenue de l'Hôpital 11 (B34), Liège 4000, Belgium,Biomechanics Section, Department of Mechanical Engineering, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 300C (2419), Leuven 3001, Belgium,Skeletel Biology and Engineering Research Center, Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49 (813), Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Neringa Burokienė
- Clinics of Internal Diseases, Family Medicine and Oncology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, M. K. Čiurlionio str. 21/27, LT-03101 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Graeme S. Cottrell
- University of Reading, School of Pharmacy, Hopkins Building, Reading RG6 6UB, United Kingdom
| | - Darius Widera
- University of Reading, School of Pharmacy, Hopkins Building, Reading RG6 6UB, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Morita A, Yamaguchi Y, Tateishi C, Ikumi K, Yamamoto A, Nishihara H, Hayashi D, Watanabe Y, Watanabe Y, Maruyama A, Masuda K, Tsuruta D, Katoh N. Efficacy and safety of apremilast and phototherapy versus phototherapy only in psoriasis vulgaris. J Dermatol 2022; 49:1211-1220. [PMID: 36151864 PMCID: PMC10087908 DOI: 10.1111/1346-8138.16566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Phototherapy and apremilast (oral phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitor) are well-known in the treatment of moderate to severe psoriasis vulgaris. However, current evidence on the efficacy and safety of their combination is not sufficient. This multicenter, randomized controlled study compared the efficacy and safety between phototherapy as monotherapy and phototherapy and apremilast as combination therapy in patients with psoriasis vulgaris. Patients with moderate to severe psoriasis vulgaris were assigned to combination (n = 29) and monotherapy (n = 13) groups. All patients underwent an 8-week phototherapy regimen comprising irradiation with narrowband UV-B. The patients in the combination group were also administered 10 mg to 60 mg of oral apremilast. We evaluated the improvement percentage based on the Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) score from baseline to week 8. Additionally, we evaluated the percentage of patients who achieved ≥75% improvement; changes in body surface area (BSA) and scores of EuroQol 5-dimensions 5-level, Dermatology Life Quality Index, and visual analog scale for pruritis from baseline to 4 and 8 weeks; and adverse events. Compared with the monotherapy group, the combination group had significantly lower PASI scores at 4 and 8 weeks and more patients who achieved a PASI score improvement of ≥75% at 8 weeks. Both groups exhibited a significant decrease in BSA; at 8 weeks, no significant difference was observed between the two groups, although the combination group tended toward a greater reduction in BSA. The intergroup differences in the changes at the three time points were not significant. Adverse events were more frequent in the combination group than in the monotherapy group. Our findings suggest that an 8-week combined apremilast and phototherapy regimen may not be adequate in patients for improvements in their subjective assessment of psoriasis, and longer treatment periods may be necessary.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akimichi Morita
- Department of Geriatric and Environmental Dermatology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yukie Yamaguchi
- Department of Environmental Immuno-Dermatology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Chiharu Tateishi
- Department of Dermatology, Osaka Metropolitan University, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kyoko Ikumi
- Department of Geriatric and Environmental Dermatology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Aya Yamamoto
- Department of Geriatric and Environmental Dermatology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Haruna Nishihara
- Department of Geriatric and Environmental Dermatology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Daisuke Hayashi
- Department of Dermatology, Osaka Metropolitan University, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yukihiko Watanabe
- Department of Environmental Immuno-Dermatology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yuko Watanabe
- Department of Environmental Immuno-Dermatology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Ayano Maruyama
- Department of Dermatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Koji Masuda
- Department of Dermatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Daisuke Tsuruta
- Department of Dermatology, Osaka Metropolitan University, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Norito Katoh
- Department of Dermatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Li T, Gao S, Han W, Gao Z, Wei Y, Wu G, Qiqiu W, Chen L, Feng Y, Yue S, Kuang H, Jiang X. Potential effects and mechanisms of Chinese herbal medicine in the treatment of psoriasis. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 294:115275. [PMID: 35487447 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory dermatosis related to high morbidity and mortality. The incidence of psoriasis is increasing in recent decades. Some patients with psoriasis are anxious about the underlying side effects of synthetic drugs they are on. Therefore, they are eager to seek alternative and efficient therapy, such as Chinese herbal medicine (CHM). Researchers have found some CHM provides best source for the development of anti-psoriatic drugs because of their structural diversity and fewer adverse reactions. Some of CHM formulas or active constituents extracted from CHM have been rapidly developed into clinical drugs with good efficacy. At present, along with the CHM formulas, single CHM and its active components have been extensively accepted and utilized in the treatment of psoriasis, whose therapeutic mechanisms hitherto have not been thoroughly illustrated. AIM OF THE STUDY This review aimed to comprehensively summarize about the existing therapeutic mechanisms of CHM in the treatment of psoriasis and to provide a reference to develop future related studies in this field. MATERIALS AND METHODS Relevant literatures about how CHM treated psoriasis were acquired from published scientific studies (including PubMed, CNKI, Web of Science, Baidu Scholar, The Plant List, Elsevier and SciFinder). All plants appearing in the review have been included in The Plant List or Medicinal Plant Names Services (MPNS). RESULTS In this review, we collect numerous literatures about how CHM treats psoriasis via immune cells, signaling pathways and disease-related mediators and systematically elucidates potential mechanisms from the point of the suppression of oxidative stress, the inhibition of abnormal abnormal proliferation and differentiation, the inhibition of immune responses, and the suppression of angiogenesis. CONCLUSIONS Psoriasis is considered as a complicated disease caused by interaction among various mechanisms. The CHM formulas, single CHM and its active components have considerable positive reports about the treatment of psoriasis, which brings hope for a promising future of CHM in the clinical therapy of psoriasis. In the paper, we have concluded that the existing therapeutic mechanisms of CHM in the treatment of psoriasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Li
- School of Medicine, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, No.257 Liu-shi Road, Yufeng District, Liuzhou, 545005, China
| | - Si Gao
- School of Medicine, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, No.257 Liu-shi Road, Yufeng District, Liuzhou, 545005, China
| | - Wei Han
- College of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.4 Dong-qing Road, Huaxi District, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Zhenqiu Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Yancheng Teachers University, Xiwang Road, Tinghu District, Yancheng, 224007, China
| | - Yundong Wei
- School of Medicine, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, No.257 Liu-shi Road, Yufeng District, Liuzhou, 545005, China
| | - Gang Wu
- School of Medicine, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, No.257 Liu-shi Road, Yufeng District, Liuzhou, 545005, China
| | - Wei Qiqiu
- School of Medicine, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, No.257 Liu-shi Road, Yufeng District, Liuzhou, 545005, China
| | - Li Chen
- School of Medicine, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, No.257 Liu-shi Road, Yufeng District, Liuzhou, 545005, China
| | - Yiping Feng
- School of Medicine, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, No.257 Liu-shi Road, Yufeng District, Liuzhou, 545005, China
| | - Shijiao Yue
- Gangnan Castle Peak Psychiatric Hospital, Jiangnan Industrial Park District, Guigang, 537100, China
| | - Haixue Kuang
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica (Ministry of Education), Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.24 Heping Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin, 150040, China.
| | - Xudong Jiang
- School of Medicine, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, No.257 Liu-shi Road, Yufeng District, Liuzhou, 545005, China.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Wakiya R, Ushio Y, Ueeda K, Kameda T, Shimada H, Nakashima S, Kato M, Miyagi T, Sugihara K, Mizusaki M, Mino R, Kadowaki N, Dobashi H. Efficacy and safety of apremilast and its impact on serum cytokine levels in patients with Behçet's disease. Dermatol Ther 2022; 35:e15616. [DOI: 10.1111/dth.15616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Risa Wakiya
- Division of Hematology, Rheumatology and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Kagawa University
| | - Yusuke Ushio
- Division of Hematology, Rheumatology and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Kagawa University
| | - Kiyo Ueeda
- Division of Hematology, Rheumatology and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Kagawa University
| | - Tomohiro Kameda
- Division of Hematology, Rheumatology and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Kagawa University
| | - Hiromi Shimada
- Division of Hematology, Rheumatology and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Kagawa University
| | - Shusaku Nakashima
- Division of Hematology, Rheumatology and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Kagawa University
| | - Mikiya Kato
- Division of Hematology, Rheumatology and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Kagawa University
| | - Taichi Miyagi
- Division of Hematology, Rheumatology and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Kagawa University
| | - Koichi Sugihara
- Division of Hematology, Rheumatology and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Kagawa University
| | - Mao Mizusaki
- Division of Hematology, Rheumatology and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Kagawa University
| | - Rina Mino
- Division of Hematology, Rheumatology and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Kagawa University
| | - Norimitsu Kadowaki
- Division of Hematology, Rheumatology and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Kagawa University
| | - Hiroaki Dobashi
- Division of Hematology, Rheumatology and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Kagawa University
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Świerczek A, Pociecha K, Plutecka H, Ślusarczyk M, Chłoń-Rzepa G, Wyska E. Pharmacokinetic/Pharmacodynamic Evaluation of a New Purine-2,6-Dione Derivative in Rodents with Experimental Autoimmune Diseases. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14051090. [PMID: 35631676 PMCID: PMC9147171 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14051090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Current treatment strategies of autoimmune diseases (ADs) display a limited efficacy and cause numerous adverse effects. Phosphodiesterase (PDE)4 and PDE7 inhibitors have been studied recently as a potential treatment of a variety of ADs. In this study, a PK/PD disease progression modeling approach was employed to evaluate effects of a new theophylline derivative, compound 34, being a strong PDE4 and PDE7 inhibitor. Activity of the studied compound against PDE1 and PDE3 in vitro was investigated. Animal models of multiple sclerosis (MS), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and autoimmune hepatitis were utilized to assess the efficacy of this compound, and its pharmacokinetics was investigated in mice and rats. A new PK/PD disease progression model of compound 34 was developed that satisfactorily predicted the clinical score-time courses in mice with experimental encephalomyelitis that is an animal model of MS. Compound 34 displayed a high efficacy in all three animal models of ADs. Simultaneous inhibition of PDE types located in immune cells may constitute an alternative treatment strategy of ADs. The PK/PD encephalomyelitis and arthritis progression models presented in this study may be used in future preclinical research, and, upon modifications, may enable translation of the results of preclinical investigations into the clinical settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Artur Świerczek
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Physical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 9 Medyczna Street, 30-688 Krakow, Poland;
- Correspondence: (A.Ś.); (E.W.)
| | - Krzysztof Pociecha
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Physical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 9 Medyczna Street, 30-688 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Hanna Plutecka
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 8 Skawińska Street, 31-066 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Marietta Ślusarczyk
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 9 Medyczna Street, 30-688 Krakow, Poland; (M.Ś.); (G.C.-R.)
| | - Grażyna Chłoń-Rzepa
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 9 Medyczna Street, 30-688 Krakow, Poland; (M.Ś.); (G.C.-R.)
| | - Elżbieta Wyska
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Physical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 9 Medyczna Street, 30-688 Krakow, Poland;
- Correspondence: (A.Ś.); (E.W.)
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Melick CH, Lama-Sherpa TD, Curukovic A, Jewell JL. G-Protein Coupled Receptor Signaling and Mammalian Target of Rapamycin Complex 1 Regulation. Mol Pharmacol 2022; 101:181-190. [PMID: 34965982 PMCID: PMC9092479 DOI: 10.1124/molpharm.121.000302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) senses upstream stimuli to regulate numerous cellular functions such as metabolism, growth, and autophagy. Increased activation of mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) is typically observed in human disease and continues to be an important therapeutic target. Understanding the upstream regulators of mTORC1 will provide a crucial link in targeting hyperactivated mTORC1 in human disease. In this mini-review, we will discuss the regulation of mTORC1 by upstream stimuli, with a specific focus on G-protein coupled receptor signaling to mTORC1. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: mTORC1 is a master regulator of many cellular processes and is often hyperactivated in human disease. Therefore, understanding the molecular underpinnings of G-protein coupled receptor signaling to mTORC1 will undoubtedly be beneficial for human disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chase H Melick
- Department of Molecular Biology, Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer, and Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Tshering D Lama-Sherpa
- Department of Molecular Biology, Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer, and Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Adna Curukovic
- Department of Molecular Biology, Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer, and Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Jenna L Jewell
- Department of Molecular Biology, Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer, and Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Guo J, Gao X, Qian D, Wang H, Jia X, Zhang W, Qin B, You S. Efficient synthesis of an apremilast precursor and chiral β-hydroxy sulfones via ketoreductase-catalyzed asymmetric reduction. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:2081-2085. [PMID: 35179164 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob02485j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Ketoreductase (KRED)-catalyzed asymmetric reduction of prochiral ketones is an attractive method to synthesize chiral alcohols. Herein, two KREDs LfSDR1-V186A/E141I and CgKR1-F92I with complementary stereopreference were identified towards reduction of apremilast prochiral ketone intermediate 1a. LfSDR1-V186A/E141I exhibited >99% conversion and 99.2% ee yielding an apremilast chiral alcohol intermediate ((R)-2a) at 50 g L-1 substrate loading. Furthermore, we investigated the substrate scope of β-keto sulfones by using LfSDR1-V186A/E141I and CgKR1-F92I to produce both enantiomers of the corresponding β-hydroxy sulfones, with good-to-excellent conversion (up to >99%) and enantioselectivity (up to 99.9% ee) being obtained in most cases. Finally, the gram-scale synthesis of (R)-2a was performed by employing the crude enzyme of LfSDR1-V186A/E141I and BsGDH to afford the desired enantiomer with >99% conversion, 85.9% isolated yield and 99.2% ee. This study presents a biocatalytic strategy to synthesize chiral β-hydroxy sulfones.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiyang Guo
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, P. R. China.
| | - Xiao Gao
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, P. R. China.
| | - Dong Qian
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, P. R. China.
| | - Huibin Wang
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, P. R. China.
| | - Xian Jia
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, P. R. China.
| | - Wenhe Zhang
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, P. R. China.
| | - Bin Qin
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, P. R. China.
| | - Song You
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, P. R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Real-World Efficacy and Safety of Apremilast in Belgian Patients with Psoriatic Arthritis: Results from the Prospective Observational APOLO Study. Adv Ther 2022; 39:1055-1067. [PMID: 34977986 PMCID: PMC8866349 DOI: 10.1007/s12325-021-02016-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Apremilast is approved for the treatment of psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis (PsA). Real-world evidence on the efficacy and safety of apremilast in clinical practice is limited. We assessed the use of apremilast in patients with PsA in Belgium clinical practice. Methods The multicentre, observational, prospective APOLO study enrolled patients with active PsA initiating apremilast in Belgium between April 2017 and December 2018. Primary outcome was PsA Response Criteria (PsARC) after 6 months of apremilast treatment. Secondary outcomes included PsA Impact of Disease 12 (PsAID12) and Health Assessment Questionnaire Disability Index (HAQ-DI). Disease-specific outcomes and patient-reported outcomes (PROs) were analysed for patients who received apremilast within 30 days prior to their study inclusion and completed at least 150 days of treatment (reference set [REF]). Results Of 107 patients enrolled in the study, 106 received at least one dose of apremilast and 69 were included in the REF. PsARC response was achieved by 43.5% of patients (30/69) in the REF at month 6; mean global and composite scores including 68-joint count for pain/tenderness (68-TJC) and 66-joint count for swelling (66-SJC) improved, and 27% and 42% of patients with 68-TJC and 66-SJC > 0 at baseline had complete joint count resolution, respectively. Mean global and composite PsAID12 and HAQ-DI scores decreased at 6 months, indicating improved quality of life. Apremilast was well tolerated and the reported adverse events were in line with the known safety profile. Conclusion Results from the APOLO study indicate that treatment with apremilast in Belgian clinical practice improves the signs and symptoms of PsA as well as patient quality of life. Clinicaltrials.gov Identifier NCT03096990. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12325-021-02016-x.
Collapse
|
26
|
Li Y, Chen J, Bolinger AA, Chen H, Liu Z, Cong Y, Brasier AR, Pinchuk IV, Tian B, Zhou J. Target-Based Small Molecule Drug Discovery Towards Novel Therapeutics for Inflammatory Bowel Diseases. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2021; 27:S38-S62. [PMID: 34791293 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izab190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD), is a class of severe and chronic diseases of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract with recurrent symptoms and significant morbidity. Long-term persistence of chronic inflammation in IBD is a major contributing factor to neoplastic transformation and the development of colitis-associated colorectal cancer. Conversely, persistence of transmural inflammation in CD is associated with formation of fibrosing strictures, resulting in substantial morbidity. The recent introduction of biological response modifiers as IBD therapies, such as antibodies neutralizing tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, have replaced nonselective anti-inflammatory corticosteroids in disease management. However, a large proportion (~40%) of patients with the treatment of anti-TNF-α antibodies are discontinued or withdrawn from therapy because of (1) primary nonresponse, (2) secondary loss of response, (3) opportunistic infection, or (4) onset of cancer. Therefore, the development of novel and effective therapeutics targeting specific signaling pathways in the pathogenesis of IBD is urgently needed. In this comprehensive review, we summarize the recent advances in drug discovery of new small molecules in preclinical or clinical development for treating IBD that target biologically relevant pathways in mucosal inflammation. These include intracellular enzymes (Janus kinases, receptor interacting protein, phosphodiesterase 4, IκB kinase), integrins, G protein-coupled receptors (S1P, CCR9, CXCR4, CB2) and inflammasome mediators (NLRP3), etc. We will also discuss emerging evidence of a distinct mechanism of action, bromodomain-containing protein 4, an epigenetic regulator of pathways involved in the activation, communication, and trafficking of immune cells. We highlight their chemotypes, mode of actions, structure-activity relationships, characterizations, and their in vitro/in vivo activities and therapeutic potential. The perspectives on the relevant challenges, new opportunities, and future directions in this field are also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Jianping Chen
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Andrew A Bolinger
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Haiying Chen
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Zhiqing Liu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Yingzi Cong
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Allan R Brasier
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Research (ICTR), University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Irina V Pinchuk
- Department of Medicine, Penn State Health Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, PA, USA
| | - Bing Tian
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Jia Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Caseley EA, Lara-Reyna S, Poulter JA, Topping J, Carter C, Nadat F, Spickett GP, Savic S, McDermott MF. An Atypical Autoinflammatory Disease Due to an LRR Domain NLRP3 Mutation Enhancing Binding to NEK7. J Clin Immunol 2021; 42:158-170. [PMID: 34671876 PMCID: PMC8528658 DOI: 10.1007/s10875-021-01161-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The NLRP3 inflammasome is a vital mediator of innate immune responses. There are numerous NLRP3 mutations that cause NLRP3-associated autoinflammatory diseases (NLRP3-AIDs), mostly in or around the NACHT domain. Here, we present a patient with a rare leucine-rich repeat (LRR) domain mutation, p.Arg920Gln (p.R920Q), associated with an atypical NLRP3-AID with recurrent episodes of sore throat and extensive oropharyngeal ulceration. Unlike previously reported patients, who responded well to anakinra, her oral ulcers did not significantly improve until the PDE4 inhibitor, apremilast, was added to her treatment regimen. Here, we show that this mutation enhances interactions between NLRP3 and its endogenous inhibitor, NIMA-related kinase 7 (NEK7), by affecting charge complementarity between the two proteins. We also demonstrate that additional inflammatory mediators, including the NF-кB and IL-17 signalling pathways and IL-8 chemokine, are upregulated in the patient’s macrophages and may be directly involved in disease pathogenesis. These results highlight the role of the NLRP3 LRR domain in NLRP3-AIDs and demonstrate that the p.R920Q mutation can cause diverse phenotypes between families.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emily A Caseley
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, St James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | - Samuel Lara-Reyna
- Institute of Microbiology and Infection, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - James A Poulter
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, St James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | - Joanne Topping
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, St James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | - Clive Carter
- Transplant and Cellular Immunology, St James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | - Fatima Nadat
- Transplant and Cellular Immunology, St James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | - Gavin P Spickett
- Regional Department of Immunology, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Sinisa Savic
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, St James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK.,Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, St James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK.,National Institute for Health Research-Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Chapel Allerton Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | - Michael F McDermott
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, St James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
McMichael J, Stoff BK. Treatment of a perforating dermatosis with apremilast. JAAD Case Rep 2021; 16:155-157. [PMID: 34632026 PMCID: PMC8488176 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdcr.2021.08.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Josette McMichael
- Correspondence to: Josette McMichael, MD, Department of Dermatology, Emory University School of Medicine, 1525 Clifton Road NE 1st Floor, Atlanta, GA 30322. @globaldermie
| | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Shawki MA, Elsayed NS, Mantawy EM, Said RS. Promising drug repurposing approach targeted for cytokine storm implicated in SARS-CoV-2 complications. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2021; 43:395-409. [PMID: 34057871 PMCID: PMC8171013 DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2021.1931302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
A global threat has emerged in 2019 due to the rapid spread of Coronavirus disease (COVID-19). As of January 2021, the number of cases worldwide reached 103 million cases and 2.22 million deaths which were confirmed as the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). This global pandemic galvanized the scientific community to study the causative virus (SARS-CoV2) pathogenesis, transmission, and clinical symptoms. Remarkably, the most common complication associated with this disease is the cytokine storm which is responsible for COVID-19 mortality. Thus, targeting the cytokine storm with new medications is needed to hamper COVID-19 complications where the most prominent strategy for the treatment is drug repurposing. Through this strategy, several steps are skipped especially those required for testing drug safety and thus may help in reducing the dissemination of this pandemic. Accordingly, the aim of this review is to outline the pathogenesis, clinical features, and immune complications of SARS-CoV2 in addition to suggesting several repurposed drugs with their plausible mechanism of action for possible management of severe COVID-19 cases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- May Ahmed Shawki
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Noha Salah Elsayed
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Eman M. Mantawy
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Riham S. Said
- Department of Drug Radiation Research, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Xiang C, Wu S, Bornscheuer UT. Directed evolution of an amine transaminase for the synthesis of an Apremilast intermediate via kinetic resolution. Bioorg Med Chem 2021; 43:116271. [PMID: 34171757 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2021.116271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Apremilast is an important active pharmaceutical ingredient that relies on a resolution to produce the key chiral amine intermediate. To provide a new catalytic and enzymatic process for Apremilast, we performed the directed evolution of the amine transaminase fromVibriofluvialis. Six rounds of evolution resulted in the VF-8M-E variant with > 400-fold increase specific activity over the wildtype enzyme. A homology model of VF-8M-E was built and a molecular docking study was performed to explain the increase in activity. The purified VF-8M-E was successfully applied to produce the key chiral amine intermediate in enantiopure form and 49% conversion via a kinetic resolution, representing a new enzymatic access towards Apremilast.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Xiang
- Department of Biotechnology and Enzyme Catalysis, Institute of Biochemistry, University of Greifswald, Felix Hausdorff-Str. 4, 17487 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Shuke Wu
- Department of Biotechnology and Enzyme Catalysis, Institute of Biochemistry, University of Greifswald, Felix Hausdorff-Str. 4, 17487 Greifswald, Germany; State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, No. 1 Shizishan Street, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Uwe T Bornscheuer
- Department of Biotechnology and Enzyme Catalysis, Institute of Biochemistry, University of Greifswald, Felix Hausdorff-Str. 4, 17487 Greifswald, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
El Idrissi F, Gressier B, Devos D, Belarbi K. A Computational Exploration of the Molecular Network Associated to Neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's Disease. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:630003. [PMID: 34335238 PMCID: PMC8319636 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.630003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroinflammation, as defined by the presence of classically activated microglia, is thought to play a key role in numerous neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease. While modulating neuroinflammation could prove beneficial against neurodegeneration, identifying its most relevant biological processes and pharmacological targets remains highly challenging. In the present study, we combined text-mining, functional enrichment and protein-level functional interaction analyses to 1) identify the proteins significantly associated to neuroinflammation in Alzheimer’s disease over the scientific literature, 2) distinguish the key proteins most likely to control the neuroinflammatory processes significantly associated to Alzheimer's disease, 3) identify their regulatory microRNAs among those dysregulated in Alzheimer's disease and 4) assess their pharmacological targetability. 94 proteins were found to be significantly associated to neuroinflammation in Alzheimer’s disease over the scientific literature and IL4, IL10 and IL13 signaling as well as TLR-mediated MyD88- and TRAF6-dependent responses were their most significantly enriched biological processes. IL10, TLR4, IL6, AKT1, CRP, IL4, CXCL8, TNF-alpha, ITGAM, CCL2 and NOS3 were identified as the most potent regulators of the functional interaction network formed by these immune processes. These key proteins were indexed to be regulated by 63 microRNAs dysregulated in Alzheimer's disease, 13 long non-coding RNAs and targetable by 55 small molecules and 8 protein-based therapeutics. In conclusion, our study identifies eleven key proteins with the highest ability to control neuroinflammatory processes significantly associated to Alzheimer’s disease, as well as pharmacological compounds with single or pleiotropic actions acting on them. As such, it may facilitate the prioritization of diagnostic and target-engagement biomarkers as well as the development of effective therapeutic strategies against neuroinflammation in Alzheimer’s disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fatima El Idrissi
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU-Lille, Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, Lille, France.,Département de Pharmacologie de la Faculté de Pharmacie, Univ. Lille, Lille, France
| | - Bernard Gressier
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU-Lille, Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, Lille, France.,Département de Pharmacologie de la Faculté de Pharmacie, Univ. Lille, Lille, France
| | - David Devos
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU-Lille, Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, Lille, France.,Département de Pharmacologie Médicale, I-SITE ULNE, LiCEND, Lille, France
| | - Karim Belarbi
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU-Lille, Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, Lille, France.,Département de Pharmacologie de la Faculté de Pharmacie, Univ. Lille, Lille, France
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Rapalli VK, Sharma S, Roy A, Singhvi G. Design and dermatokinetic evaluation of Apremilast loaded nanostructured lipid carriers embedded gel for topical delivery: A potential approach for improved permeation and prolong skin deposition. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2021; 206:111945. [PMID: 34216849 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2021.111945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The present study aimed to develop Apremilast loaded nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) for topical delivery to overcome the limitations of oral therapy and increase the efficacy. Apremilast loaded NLCs were prepared by hot emulsification technique. The developed formulation was optimized by Box Behnken design and characterized for size, entrapment efficiency, and zeta potential. The selected formulation was investigated for in-vitro release, ex-vivo skin retention, dermatokinetic, psoriasis efficacy, in-vivo skin retention and skin irritation study. The NLCs characterization results showed its spherical shape with the particle size of 157.91 ± 1.267 nm (0.165 ± 0.017 PDI). The entrapment efficiency and zeta potential were found to be 69.144 ± 0.278% and -16.75 ± 1.40 mV, respectively. The in-vitro release study revealed a controlled release of Apremilast from NLCs up to 24 h. The ex-vivo study showed 3-fold enhanced skin retention compared to conventional gel preparation. The formulation depicted improved psoriasis efficacy indicating reduced TNF-α mRNA expression. The cytotoxicity and skin irritation study revealed the prepared formulation has no toxicity or irritation. The study depicts the NLCs loaded Apremilast can be explored for the topical delivery for treatment of psoriasis with improved skin retention and efficacy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vamshi Krishna Rapalli
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, Pilani Campus, Rajasthan, 333031, India
| | - Swati Sharma
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, Pilani Campus, Rajasthan, 333031, India
| | - Aniruddha Roy
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, Pilani Campus, Rajasthan, 333031, India
| | - Gautam Singhvi
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, Pilani Campus, Rajasthan, 333031, India.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Solid lipid nanocarriers embedded hydrogel for topical delivery of apremilast: In-vitro, ex-vivo, dermatopharmacokinetic and anti-psoriatic evaluation. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2021.102442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
|
34
|
Yin H, Qin H, Wang T, Zhuang Q, Yang Q. The Protective Effects of Apremilast Against Oxygen-Glucose Deprivation/Reperfusion (OGD/R)-Induced Inflammation and Apoptosis in Astroglia Mediated by CREB/BDNF. Neurotox Res 2021; 39:754-763. [PMID: 33826130 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-021-00340-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Oxygen-glucose deprivation and reoxygenation (OGD/R)-induced impairment of astrocytes may lead to neuronal dysfunction in the central nervous system (CNS). Apremilast is a phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) inhibitor primarily used for the treatment of psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis that has demonstrated certain neuroprotective properties. PDE4 is an isoenzyme that degrades 3'-5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), which serves as a neuroprotective agent by promoting neuronal recovery through protein kinase (PKA)-mediated phosphorylation of cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) and subsequent expression of the neurotrophic factor brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and anti-apoptotic B cell lymphoma (Bcl-2). However, the effects of apremilast in astrocytes have not been elucidated. In the present study, we employed an in vitro model of ischemic stroke using oxygen-glucose deprivation and reoxygenation (OGD/R)-challenged astrocytes to investigate the effects of apremilast against apoptosis (the flow cytometry assay), cell death (the lactate dehydrogenase release assay), oxidative stress (2', 7' dichlorofluorescin diacetate staining), and the expression of the key neuroprotective factors CREB and BDNF (Western blot analysis). Our findings show that treatment with apremilast could significantly reduce astrocyte apoptosis and cell death induced by OGD/R as evidenced by reduced release of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and improvement of the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio. The results of MTT assay, measurement of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release, and flow cytometry confirmed the improvement in cell viability mediated by apremilast. Importantly, we found that CREB phosphorylation was required for the increases in BDNF and Bcl-2 induced by apremilast as well as the decrease in astrocyte apoptosis. These preliminary findings indicate that apremilast may have the potential to prevent astrocyte cell death and promote neuronal healing in cerebral ischemic injury. Further in vivo research will expand our understanding of these promising results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hang Yin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zaozhuang Municipal Hospital, Zaozhuang, 277100, Shandong, China
| | - Hao Qin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zaozhuang Municipal Hospital, Zaozhuang, 277100, Shandong, China
| | - Tiantian Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Zaozhuang Municipal Hospital, Zaozhuang, 277100, Shandong, China
| | - Qiang Zhuang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zaozhuang Municipal Hospital, Zaozhuang, 277100, Shandong, China
| | - Qixia Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Zaozhuang Municipal Hospital, Zaozhuang, 277100, Shandong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Yang L, Wu P, Xu J, Xie D, Wang Z, Wang Q, Chen Y, Li CH, Zhang J, Chen H, Quan G. Development of Apremilast Solid Dispersion Using TPGS and PVPVA with Enhanced Solubility and Bioavailability. AAPS PharmSciTech 2021; 22:142. [PMID: 33893566 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-021-02005-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Apremilast (APST) is an effective inhibitor of phosphodieasterase 4 (PDE4) which is the first oral drug for the treatment of adult patients with active psoriatic arthritis. However, Apremilast's low solubility restricts its dissolution and bioavailability. In this study, APST solid dispersion with D-α-tocopherol polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate (TPGS) and Poly(1-vinylpyrrolidone-co-vinyl acetate) (PVPVA) was developed to improve the dissolution and bioavailability of APST by spray drying. A series of TPGS were synthesized to elucidate the effect of the ratio of monoester to diester on solubilizing capacity. X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometry (FT-IR) were used to characterize the solid dispersion, and the results showed that APST was amorphous in solid dispersion. In vitro dissolution study showed that the dissolution rate of solid dispersion in phosphate buffered saline (pH 6.8) was remarkably increased, reaching a release of 90% within 10 min. Moreover, in vivo pharmacokinetics study revealed that the bioavailability of solid dispersion in rats had significant improvement. In particular, its Cmax and AUClast were nearly 22- and 12.9-fold greater as compared to APST form B, respectively. In conclusion, APST solid dispersion with TPGS and PVPVA is an alternative drug delivery system to improve the solubility and oral bioavailability of APST.
Collapse
|
36
|
Epstein PM, Basole C, Brocke S. The Role of PDE8 in T Cell Recruitment and Function in Inflammation. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:636778. [PMID: 33937235 PMCID: PMC8085600 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.636778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Inhibitors targeting cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases (PDEs) expressed in leukocytes have entered clinical practice to treat inflammatory disorders, with three PDE4 inhibitors currently in clinical use as therapeutics for psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis, atopic dermatitis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. In contrast, the PDE8 family that is upregulated in pro-inflammatory T cells is a largely unexplored therapeutic target. It was shown that PDE8A plays a major role in controlling T cell and breast cancer cell motility, including adhesion to endothelial cells under physiological shear stress and chemotaxis. This is a unique function of PDE8 not shared by PDE4, another cAMP specific PDE, employed, as noted, as an anti-inflammatory therapeutic. Additionally, a regulatory role was shown for the PDE8A-rapidly accelerated fibrosarcoma (Raf)-1 kinase signaling complex in myelin antigen reactive CD4+ effector T cell adhesion and locomotion by a mechanism differing from that of PDE4. The PDE8A-Raf-1 kinase signaling complex affects T cell motility, at least in part, via regulating the LFA-1 integrin mediated adhesion to ICAM-1. The findings that PDE8A and its isoforms are expressed at higher levels in naive and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)35–55 activated effector T (Teff) cells compared to regulatory T (Treg) cells and that PDE8 inhibition specifically affects MOG35–55 activated Teff cell adhesion, indicates that PDE8A could represent a new beneficial target expressed in pathogenic Teff cells in CNS inflammation. The implications of this work for targeting PDE8 in inflammation will be discussed in this review.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paul M Epstein
- Department of Cell Biology, UConn Health, Farmington, CT, United States
| | - Chaitali Basole
- Department of Immunology, UConn Health, Farmington, CT, United States
| | - Stefan Brocke
- Department of Immunology, UConn Health, Farmington, CT, United States
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Bonte MA, El Idrissi F, Gressier B, Devos D, Belarbi K. Protein network exploration prioritizes targets for modulating neuroinflammation in Parkinson's disease. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 95:107526. [PMID: 33756233 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disease associated with a loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra of the brain. Neuroinflammation, another hallmark of the disease, is thought to play an important role in the neurodegenerative process. While mitigating neuroinflammation could prove beneficial for Parkinson's disease, identifying the most relevant biological processes and pharmacological targets as well as drugs to modulate them remains highly challenging. The present study aimed to better understand the protein network behind neuroinflammation in Parkinson's disease and to prioritize possible targets for its pharmacological modulation. We first used text-mining to systematically collect the proteins significantly associated to Parkinson's disease neuroinflammation over the scientific literature. The functional interaction network formed by these proteins was then analyzed by integrating functional enrichment, network topology analysis and drug-protein interaction analysis. We identified 57 proteins significantly associated to neuroinflammation in Parkinson's disease. Toll-like Receptor Cascades as well as Interleukin 4, Interleukin 10 and Interleukin 13 signaling appeared as the most significantly enriched biological processes. Protein network analysis using STRING and CentiScaPe identified 8 proteins with the highest ability to control these biological processes underlying neuroinflammation, namely caspase 1, heme oxygenase 1, interleukin 1beta, interleukin 4, interleukin 6, interleukin 10, tumor necrosis factor alpha and toll-like receptor 4. These key proteins were indexed to be targetable by a total of 38 drugs including 27 small compounds 11 protein-based therapies. In conclusion, our study highlights key proteins in Parkinson's disease neuroinflammation as well as pharmacological compounds acting on them. As such, it may facilitate the prioritization of biomarkers for the development of diagnostic, target-engagement assessment and therapeutic tools against Parkinson's disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Amandine Bonte
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU-Lille, Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, F-59000 Lille, France.
| | - Fatima El Idrissi
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU-Lille, Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, F-59000 Lille, France; Département de Pharmacologie de la Faculté de Pharmacie, Univ. Lille, Lille, France.
| | - Bernard Gressier
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU-Lille, Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, F-59000 Lille, France; Département de Pharmacologie de la Faculté de Pharmacie, Univ. Lille, Lille, France.
| | - David Devos
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU-Lille, Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, F-59000 Lille, France; Département de Pharmacologie Médicale, I-SITE ULNE, LiCEND, Lille, France.
| | - Karim Belarbi
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU-Lille, Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, F-59000 Lille, France; Département de Pharmacologie de la Faculté de Pharmacie, Univ. Lille, Lille, France.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
|
39
|
Obi ON, Lower EE, Baughman RP. Biologic and advanced immunomodulating therapeutic options for sarcoidosis: a clinical update. Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol 2021; 14:179-210. [PMID: 33487042 DOI: 10.1080/17512433.2021.1878024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Sarcoidosis is a multi-organ disease with a wide range of clinical manifestations and outcomes. A quarter of sarcoidosis patients require long-term treatment for chronic disease. In this group, corticosteroids and cytotoxic agents be insufficient to control diseaseAreas covered: Several biologic agents have been studied for treatment of chronic pulmonary and extra-pulmonary disease. A review of the available literature was performed searching PubMed and an expert opinion regarding specific therapy was developed.Expert opinion: These agents have the potential of treating patients who have progressive disease. Many of these agents have different mechanisms of action, response rates, and toxicity profiles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ogugua Ndili Obi
- Division of Pulmonary Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
| | - Elyse E Lower
- Department of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Robert P Baughman
- Department of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Xiong W, Wang L, Zhang H, Tao X, Jiang X, Liu Z, Zhao J, Xu W. Quantitation of Apremilast in Beagle Dogs Plasma by UPLC-MS-MS and Its Application to Pharmacokinetic Studies. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL METHODS IN CHEMISTRY 2021; 2021:8881076. [PMID: 33510930 PMCID: PMC7826237 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8881076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
A sensitive and selective ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS-MS) method for the determination of apremilast in beagle dog plasma has been developed and successfully validated in the current study. Clopidogrel was employed as an internal standard (IS), and liquid-liquid extraction by tert-butylmethyl ether was used for sample preparation. Chromatographic separation was achieved on a UPLC BEH Shield RP18 column (50 mm × 2.1 mm, 1.7 μm) with 5 mM ammonium formate water and 5 mM ammonium formate methanol as the mobile phase with gradient elution. Calibration plots were linear in the range of 2-3000 ng/mL for apremilast in beagle dog plasma. Mean recoveries of apremilast in beagle dogs plasma ranged from 87.4% to 97.4%. The intrarun and interrun precision was less than 6% and 9%, respectively, with the accuracy between 92.4% and 101.1%. The method has also been successfully applied in the pharmacokinetics study of apremilast. The mean t1/2Z was 5.41 h for 30 mg·day-1 for beagle dogs after oral administration. The AUC0-t increased linearly from 3.51 to 1802.13 μg L-1 ∗h after administration of single doses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xiong
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Pharmacy School of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
- Sichuan Tobacco Quality Supervision and Testing Station, Chengdu, China
| | - Ling Wang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Pharmacy School of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Haiyan Zhang
- Sichuan Tobacco Quality Supervision and Testing Station, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoqiu Tao
- Sichuan Tobacco Quality Supervision and Testing Station, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuehua Jiang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Pharmacy School of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Zejuan Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Pharmacy School of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Jiajia Zhao
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Pharmacy School of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Wenwen Xu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Pharmacy School of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Verbenko DA, Karamova AE, Artamonova OG, Deryabin DG, Rakitko A, Chernitsov A, Krasnenko A, Elmuratov A, Solomka VS, Kubanov AA. Apremilast Pharmacogenomics in Russian Patients with Moderate-to-Severe and Severe Psoriasis. J Pers Med 2020; 11:jpm11010020. [PMID: 33383665 PMCID: PMC7823747 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11010020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the target drugs for plaque psoriasis treatment is apremilast, which is a selective phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) inhibitor. In this study, 34 moderate-to-severe and severe plaque psoriasis patients from Russia were treated with apremilast for 26 weeks. This allowed us to observe the effectiveness of splitting patient cohorts based on clinical outcomes, which were assessed using the Psoriasis Area Severity Index (PASI). In total, 14 patients (41%) indicated having an advanced outcome with delta PASI 75 after treatment; 20 patients indicated having moderate or no effects. Genome variability was investigated using the Illumina Infinium Global Screening Array. Genome-wide analysis revealed apremilast therapy clinical outcome associations at three compact genome regions with undefined functions situated on chromosomes 2, 4, and 5, as well as on a single single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) on chromosome 23. Pre-selected SNP sets were associated with psoriasis vulgaris analysis, which was used to identify four SNP-associated targeted therapy efficiencies: IL1β (rs1143633), IL4 (IL13) (rs20541), IL23R (rs2201841), and TNFα (rs1800629) genes. Moreover, we showed that the use of the global polygenic risk score allowed for the prediction of onset psoriasis in Russians. Therefore, these results can serve as a starting point for creating a predictive model of apremilast therapy response in the targeted therapy of patients with psoriasis vulgaris.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry A. Verbenko
- State Research Center of Dermatovenereology and Cosmetology, Korolenko St., 3, bldg 6, 107076 Moscow, Russia; (A.E.K.); (O.G.A.); (D.G.D.); (V.S.S.); (A.A.K.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Arfenya E. Karamova
- State Research Center of Dermatovenereology and Cosmetology, Korolenko St., 3, bldg 6, 107076 Moscow, Russia; (A.E.K.); (O.G.A.); (D.G.D.); (V.S.S.); (A.A.K.)
| | - Olga G. Artamonova
- State Research Center of Dermatovenereology and Cosmetology, Korolenko St., 3, bldg 6, 107076 Moscow, Russia; (A.E.K.); (O.G.A.); (D.G.D.); (V.S.S.); (A.A.K.)
| | - Dmitry G. Deryabin
- State Research Center of Dermatovenereology and Cosmetology, Korolenko St., 3, bldg 6, 107076 Moscow, Russia; (A.E.K.); (O.G.A.); (D.G.D.); (V.S.S.); (A.A.K.)
| | - Alexander Rakitko
- Genotek Ltd., Nastavnicheskiipereulok 17/1, 105120 Moscow, Russia; (A.R.); (A.C.); (A.K.); (A.E.)
| | - Alexandr Chernitsov
- Genotek Ltd., Nastavnicheskiipereulok 17/1, 105120 Moscow, Russia; (A.R.); (A.C.); (A.K.); (A.E.)
| | - Anna Krasnenko
- Genotek Ltd., Nastavnicheskiipereulok 17/1, 105120 Moscow, Russia; (A.R.); (A.C.); (A.K.); (A.E.)
| | - Artem Elmuratov
- Genotek Ltd., Nastavnicheskiipereulok 17/1, 105120 Moscow, Russia; (A.R.); (A.C.); (A.K.); (A.E.)
| | - Victoria S. Solomka
- State Research Center of Dermatovenereology and Cosmetology, Korolenko St., 3, bldg 6, 107076 Moscow, Russia; (A.E.K.); (O.G.A.); (D.G.D.); (V.S.S.); (A.A.K.)
| | - Alexey A. Kubanov
- State Research Center of Dermatovenereology and Cosmetology, Korolenko St., 3, bldg 6, 107076 Moscow, Russia; (A.E.K.); (O.G.A.); (D.G.D.); (V.S.S.); (A.A.K.)
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Cutolo M, Soldano S, Montagna P, Martinelli G, Tardito S, Corallo C, Giordano N, Tavilla P, Cozzani E, Parodi A, Sulli A, Pizzorni C, Patane M, Smith V, Paolino S. Apremilast interferes with the TGFβ1-induced transition of human skin fibroblasts into profibrotic myofibroblasts: in vitro study. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2020; 59:3927-3938. [PMID: 32725130 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keaa249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Fibroblast-to-myofibroblast transition and extracellular matrix overproduction represent progressive events in chronic inflammatory and fibrotic diseases, in which TGFβ1 is one of the key mediators. Phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) acts as a proinflammatory enzyme through the degradation of cyclic adenosine monophosphate and it is overexpressed in skin fibroblasts. The study investigated how apremilast (a PDE4 inhibitor) interferes with the intracellular signalling pathways responsible for the TGFβ1-induced fibroblast-to-myofibroblast transition and profibrotic extracellular matrix protein synthesis. METHODS Cultured human skin fibroblasts were stimulated with TGFβ1 (10 ng/ml) alone or combined with apremilast (1 and 10 μM) for 4, 16 and 24 h. Other aliquots of the same cells were previously stimulated with TGFβ1 and then treated with apremilast (1 and 10 μM) for 4, 16 and 24 h, always under stimulation with TGFβ1. Gene and protein expression of αSMA, type I collagen (COL1) and fibronectin were evaluated, together with the activation of small mothers against decapentaplegic 2 and 3 (Smad2/3) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (Erk1/2) proteins. RESULTS Apremilast reduced the TGFβ1-induced increase in αSMA, COL1 and fibronectin gene expression at 4 and 16 h, and protein synthesis at 24 h of treatment in cultured fibroblasts, even for cells already differentiated into myofibroblasts by way of a previous stimulation with TGFβ1. Apremilast inhibited the TGFβ1-induced Smad2/3 and Erk1/2 phosphorylation at 15 and 30 min. CONCLUSION Apremilast seems to inhibit in vitro the fibroblast-to-myofibroblast transition and the profibrotic activity induced by TGFβ1 in cultured human skin fibroblasts by downregulating Smad2/3 and Erk1/2 intracellular signalling pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maurizio Cutolo
- Research Laboratory and Academic Division of Clinical Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genova, IRCCS Polyclinic San Martino Hospital, Genoa
| | - Stefano Soldano
- Research Laboratory and Academic Division of Clinical Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genova, IRCCS Polyclinic San Martino Hospital, Genoa
| | - Paola Montagna
- Research Laboratory and Academic Division of Clinical Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genova, IRCCS Polyclinic San Martino Hospital, Genoa
| | - Giulia Martinelli
- Research Laboratory and Academic Division of Clinical Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genova, IRCCS Polyclinic San Martino Hospital, Genoa
| | - Samuele Tardito
- Research Laboratory and Academic Division of Clinical Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genova, IRCCS Polyclinic San Martino Hospital, Genoa
| | - Claudio Corallo
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, Scleroderma Unit, University of Siena, Siena
| | - Nicola Giordano
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, Scleroderma Unit, University of Siena, Siena
| | - Pierpaolo Tavilla
- Department of Health Science, Unit of Dermatology, University of Genova, IRCCS Polyclinic San Martino Hospital, Genoa, Italy
| | - Emanuele Cozzani
- Department of Health Science, Unit of Dermatology, University of Genova, IRCCS Polyclinic San Martino Hospital, Genoa, Italy
| | - Aurora Parodi
- Department of Health Science, Unit of Dermatology, University of Genova, IRCCS Polyclinic San Martino Hospital, Genoa, Italy
| | - Alberto Sulli
- Research Laboratory and Academic Division of Clinical Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genova, IRCCS Polyclinic San Martino Hospital, Genoa
| | - Carmen Pizzorni
- Research Laboratory and Academic Division of Clinical Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genova, IRCCS Polyclinic San Martino Hospital, Genoa
| | - Massimo Patane
- Research Laboratory and Academic Division of Clinical Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genova, IRCCS Polyclinic San Martino Hospital, Genoa
| | - Vanessa Smith
- Department of Rheumatology, Ghent University Hospital.,Department of Internal Medicine, Ghent University.,Unit for Molecular Immunology and Inflammation, VIB Inflammation Research Center (IRC), Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sabrina Paolino
- Research Laboratory and Academic Division of Clinical Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genova, IRCCS Polyclinic San Martino Hospital, Genoa
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
The efficacy of in vivo administration of Apremilast on mesenchymal stem cells derived from psoriatic patients. Inflamm Res 2020; 70:79-87. [DOI: 10.1007/s00011-020-01412-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
|
44
|
Abstract
Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is a seronegative inflammatory arthritis often observed in patients with skin psoriasis. Treatment of PsA, especially peripheral PsA, has typically relied on disease-modifying anti-rheumatic agents (DMARDs); however, these agents have limited efficacy and considerable associated toxicity. More recently, monoclonal antibodies (biologic agents) have revolutionized management of immune-mediated diseases; however, these therapies carry a high cost and require parenteral administration. Apremilast, a novel oral DMARD, was approved by the European Union for psoriatic arthritis in 2015. Apremilast inhibits the function of phosphodiesterase-4, a regulator of cyclic adenosine monophosphate, leading to a broad inhibition of proinflammatory mediators and subsequent reduction in tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) response. The PALACE and ACTIVE trials, phase III randomized controlled trials for apremilast, showed that apremilast is effective at improving various clinical and patient-reported outcome measures for psoriatic arthritis in both DMARD-naïve and DMARD-experienced PsA patients. Efficacy was limited in patients with previous biologic DMARD failure and the overall efficacy of apremilast appears to be less than biologics agents, though no head-to-head trials exist comparing apremilast to biologic DMARDs. Apremilast is generally well tolerated, with short-lived gastrointestinal side effects being the most commonly reported adverse events. Guidelines suggest a trial of apremilast in patients who have failed traditional oral DMARDs and for whom, biologics are contraindicated. More studies directly comparing apremilast to conventional DMARDs and biologic DMARDs are needed and will be crucial in informing clinical and economic decisions about apremilast role in management of PsA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vijay K Sandhu
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Lihi Eder
- Division of Rheumatology, Women's College Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jensen Yeung
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada - .,Division of Dermatology, Women's College Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Division of Dermatology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Probity Medical Research Inc., Waterloo, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Wang H, Yang G, Zhang Q, Liang X, Liu Y, Gao M, Guo Y, Chen L. Apremilast ameliorates ox-LDL-induced endothelial dysfunction mediated by KLF6. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:19012-19021. [PMID: 33052879 PMCID: PMC7732304 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Apremilast is a phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) inhibitor used in the treatment of psoriasis and several other inflammatory diseases. Interest has been expressed in seeking out therapies that address both psoriasis and atherosclerosis. In the present study, we explored the effects of apremilast in human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs) exposed to oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) to simulate the atherosclerotic microenvironment in vitro. Our findings indicate that apremilast may reduce the expression of lectin-like oxidized-low-density-lipoprotein receptor-1 (LOX-1), the main ox-LDL scavenging receptor. Apremilast also inhibited the expression of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin-8 (IL-8), which are deeply involved in the chronic inflammatory response associated with atherosclerosis. Interestingly, we found that apremilast inhibited the attachment of U937 monocytes to HAECs by reducing the expression of the chemokine monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1) and the cellular adhesion molecule vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1). This effect was found to be mediated through the rescue of Krüppel like factor 6 (KLF6) expression, which was reduced in response to ox-LDL via increased phosphorylation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK). These findings suggest a potential role for apremilast in the treatment of atherosclerosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Medical Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Guang Yang
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Medical Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Seventh Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Xiao Liang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Medical Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Medical Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Meng Gao
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Medical Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Yutao Guo
- Department of Cardiology, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Li Chen
- Department of General Practice, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Hekal MH, Ali YM, Abu El-Azm FSM. Utilization of cyanoacetohydrazide and 2-(1,3-dioxoisoindolin-2-yl) acetyl chloride in the synthesis of some novel anti-proliferative heterocyclic compounds. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2020.1786125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed H. Hekal
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Yasmeen M. Ali
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Bhat A, Ray B, Mahalakshmi AM, Tuladhar S, Nandakumar DN, Srinivasan M, Essa MM, Chidambaram SB, Guillemin GJ, Sakharkar MK. Phosphodiesterase-4 enzyme as a therapeutic target in neurological disorders. Pharmacol Res 2020; 160:105078. [PMID: 32673703 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Phosphodiesterases (PDE) are a diverse family of enzymes (11 isoforms so far identified) responsible for the degradation of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) which are involved in several cellular and biochemical functions. Phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) is the major isoform within this group and is highly expressed in the mammalian brain. An inverse association between PDE4 and cAMP levels is the key mechanism in various pathophysiological conditions like airway inflammatory diseases-chronic obstruction pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis, and neurological disorders etc. In 2011, roflumilast, a PDE4 inhibitor (PDE4I) was approved for the treatment of COPD. Subsequently, other PDE4 inhibitors (PDE4Is) like apremilast and crisaborole were approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for psoriasis, atopic dermatitis etc. Due to the adverse effects like unbearable nausea and vomiting, dose intolerance and diarrhoea, PDE4 inhibitors have very less clinical compliance. Efforts are being made to develop allosteric modulation with high specificity to PDE4 isoforms having better efficacy and lesser adverse effects. Interestingly, repositioning PDE4Is towards neurological disorders including Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), Huntington's disease (HD), multiple sclerosis (MS) and sleep disorders, is gaining attention. This review is an attempt to summarize the data on the effects of PDE4 overexpression in neurological disorders and the use of PDE4Is and newer allosteric modulators as therapeutic options. We have also compiled a list of on-going clinical trials on PDE4 inhibitors in neurological disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abid Bhat
- Dept. of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, India
| | - Bipul Ray
- Dept. of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, India
| | | | - Sunanda Tuladhar
- Dept. of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, India
| | - D N Nandakumar
- Department of Neurochemistry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, 560029, India
| | - Malathi Srinivasan
- Department of Lipid Science, CSIR - Central Food Technological Research Institute (CFTRI), CFTRI Campus, Mysuru, 570020, India
| | - Musthafa Mohamed Essa
- Ageing and Dementia Research Group, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman; Department of Food Science and Nutrition, CAMS, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman.
| | - Saravana Babu Chidambaram
- Dept. of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, India; Centre for Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Central Animal Facility, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, India.
| | - Gilles J Guillemin
- Neuroinflammation group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, NSW, 2109, Australia.
| | - Meena Kishore Sakharkar
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, 107, Wiggins Road, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5C9, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Sabogal Piñeros YS, Dekker T, Smids B, Majoor CJ, Ravanetti L, Villetti G, Civelli M, Facchinetti F, Lutter R. Phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitors attenuate virus-induced activation of eosinophils from asthmatics without affecting virus binding. Pharmacol Res Perspect 2020; 8:e00557. [PMID: 32447834 PMCID: PMC7245579 DOI: 10.1002/prp2.557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute respiratory virus infections, such as influenza and RSV, are predominant causes of asthma exacerbations. Eosinophils act as a double-edged sword in exacerbations in that they are activated by viral infections but also can capture and inactivate respiratory viruses. Phosphodiesterase type 4 (PDE4) is abundantly expressed by eosinophils and has been implicated in their activation. This exploratory study aims to determine whether these opposing roles of eosinophils activation of eosinophils upon interaction with virus can be modulated by selective PDE4 inhibitors and whether eosinophils from healthy, moderate and severe asthmatic subjects respond differently. Eosinophils were purified by negative selection from blood and subsequently exposed to RSV or influenza. Prior to exposure to virus, eosinophils were treated with vehicle or selective PDE4 inhibitors CHF6001 and GSK256066. After 18 hours of exposure, influenza, but not RSV, increased CD69 and CD63 expression by eosinophils from each group, which were inhibited by PDE4 inhibitors. ECP release, although not stimulated by virus, was also attenuated by PDE4 inhibitors. Eosinophils showed an increased Nox2 activity upon virus exposure, which was less pronounced in eosinophils derived from mild and severe asthmatics and was counteracted by PDE4 inhibitors. PDE4 inhibitors had no effect on binding of virus by eosinophils from each group. Our data indicate that PDE4 inhibitors can attenuate eosinophil activation, without affecting virus binding. By attenuating virus-induced responses, PDE4 inhibitors may mitigate virus-induced asthma exacerbations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanaika Shari Sabogal Piñeros
- Department of Experimental ImmunologyAmsterdam Infection & Immunity InstituteAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Department of Respiratory MedicineAmsterdam University Medical CentresUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Tamara Dekker
- Department of Experimental ImmunologyAmsterdam Infection & Immunity InstituteAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Department of Respiratory MedicineAmsterdam University Medical CentresUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Barbara Smids
- Department of Experimental ImmunologyAmsterdam Infection & Immunity InstituteAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Department of Respiratory MedicineAmsterdam University Medical CentresUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Christof J. Majoor
- Department of Respiratory MedicineAmsterdam University Medical CentresUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Lara Ravanetti
- Department of Experimental ImmunologyAmsterdam Infection & Immunity InstituteAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Department of Respiratory MedicineAmsterdam University Medical CentresUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Gino Villetti
- Corporate Pre‐Clinical R&DChiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A.ParmaItaly
| | | | | | - René Lutter
- Department of Experimental ImmunologyAmsterdam Infection & Immunity InstituteAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Department of Respiratory MedicineAmsterdam University Medical CentresUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Kosutova P, Mikolka P, Balentova S, Adamkov M, Calkovska A, Mokra D. Effects of PDE3 Inhibitor Olprinone on the Respiratory Parameters, Inflammation, and Apoptosis in an Experimental Model of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E3382. [PMID: 32403267 PMCID: PMC7247002 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21093382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 05/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate whether a selective phosphodiesterase-3 (PDE3) inhibitor olprinone can positively influence the inflammation, apoptosis, and respiratory parameters in animals with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) model induced by repetitive saline lung lavage. Adult rabbits were divided into 3 groups: ARDS without therapy (ARDS), ARDS treated with olprinone i.v. (1 mg/kg; ARDS/PDE3), and healthy ventilated controls (Control), and were oxygen-ventilated for the following 4 h. Dynamic lung-thorax compliance (Cdyn), mean airway pressure (MAP), arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2), alveolar-arterial gradient (AAG), ratio between partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood to a fraction of inspired oxygen (PaO2/FiO2), oxygenation index (OI), and ventilation efficiency index (VEI) were evaluated every hour. Post mortem, inflammatory and oxidative markers (interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, a receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE), IL-10, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), 3-nitrotyrosine (3NT), and malondialdehyde (MDA) and apoptosis (apoptotic index and caspase-3) were assessed in the lung tissue. Treatment with olprinone reduced the release of inflammatory mediators and markers of oxidative damage decreased apoptosis of epithelial cells and improved respiratory parameters. The results indicate a future potential of PDE3 inhibitors also in the therapy of ARDS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Petra Kosutova
- Biomedical Center Martin and Department of Physiology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin 036 01, Slovakia; (P.K.); (P.M.); (A.C.)
| | - Pavol Mikolka
- Biomedical Center Martin and Department of Physiology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin 036 01, Slovakia; (P.K.); (P.M.); (A.C.)
| | - Sona Balentova
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin 036 01, Slovakia; (S.B.); (M.A.)
| | - Marian Adamkov
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin 036 01, Slovakia; (S.B.); (M.A.)
| | - Andrea Calkovska
- Biomedical Center Martin and Department of Physiology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin 036 01, Slovakia; (P.K.); (P.M.); (A.C.)
| | - Daniela Mokra
- Biomedical Center Martin and Department of Physiology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin 036 01, Slovakia; (P.K.); (P.M.); (A.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Martínez Luna M, Rojas Granados A, Lázaro Pacheco RI, Meza Alvarado JE, Ubaldo Reyes L, Ángeles Castellanos M. Enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica (EPOC) Bases para el médico general. REVISTA DE LA FACULTAD DE MEDICINA 2020. [DOI: 10.22201/fm.24484865e.2020.63.3.06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic degenerative disease. It is a frequent, preventable and treatable disease characterized by persistent respiratory symptoms and airflow limitation. The National Institute of Respiratory Diseases
(INER), ranked COPD in 2016 in fourth place in the table of annual morbidity and mortality in Mexico. The prevalence of COPD is directly related to smoking; however, its development is multifactorial.
For its study it is important to know of any prior exposure to risk factors and of any manifestation of the main symptoms. To make a diagnosis, a detailed clinical history, where the largest amount of data is collected from every new possible COPD patient, and a spirometry are essential. Individual pharmacological treatment is necessary due to the great variability among COPD patients. The drugs used in the treatment of COPD reduce the symptoms, the frequency and severity of exacerbations; however, there is no medication that modifies the long-term deterioration of the lung function. Therefore, a basic knowledge of this condition by the medical doctor first contacted, is essential for the suspicion of COPD in its initial stage and thus, offer the patient immediate medical
intervention. The objective of the present work is to provide a basic overview of COPD to the general practitioner.
Key words:Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; biomass; tobacco; chronic obstructive bronchitis; emphysema; respiratory system
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Monserrat Martínez Luna
- Universidad Veracruzana (UV). Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas. Xalapa, Veracruz, México; Centro de Especialidades Médicas del Estado de Veracruz “Dr. Rafael Lucio”, Servicio de Neumología, Veracruz, Ver., México
| | - Adelina Rojas Granados
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM). Facultad de Medicina. Departamento de Anatomía. Ciudad de México. México
| | - Ricardo Isidro Lázaro Pacheco
- Centro de Especialidades Médicas del Estado de Veracruz “Dr. Rafael Lucio"". Servicio de Neumología. Veracruz, Ver., México
| | - José Enrique Meza Alvarado
- Universidad Veracruzana (UV). Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas. Xalapa, Veracruz, México; Centro de Especialidades Médicas del Estado de Veracruz “Dr. Rafael Lucio”, Servicio de Neumología, Veracruz, Ver., México
| | - Laura Ubaldo Reyes
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM). Facultad de Medicina. Departamento de Anatomía. Ciudad de México. México
| | - Manuel Ángeles Castellanos
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM). Facultad de Medicina. Departamento de Anatomía. Ciudad de México. México
| |
Collapse
|