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Wang F, Sun Z, Lin F, Xu Y, Wu E, Sun X, Zhou X, Wu Y. Nonlinear relationships between sleep duration, mental health, and quality of life: The dangers of less sleep versus more sleep. Sleep Med 2024; 119:565-573. [PMID: 38823335 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2024.05.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent research has found a non-linear relationship between sleep duration and mental health/quality of life. However, it is currently unclear which age group is more affected by sleep duration and what the optimal sleep duration is for each age group. Additionally, the underlying mechanisms of the non-linear relationship between sleep duration and quality of life are not well understood. METHODS Therefore, this study utilized questionnaire data from 20,962 participants in the Chinese PBICR-2022 database(Cross-sectional study) and constructed models to analyze the relationship between sleep duration and quality of life. RESULTS The results showed that the optimal sleep duration varied among different age groups: approximately 9 h for adolescents, 8 h for early/middle-aged adults, and 7 h for older adults. Compared to other age groups, less or more sleep duration had a greater impact on mental health and quality of life in adolescents. Furthermore, mental health was found to play a significant mediating role between sleep duration and quality of life in both the less sleep group and the more sleep group, but this mediating effect was not significant among the older adults in the less sleep group, whereas the mediating effect of mental health was not significant among the middle-aged adults in the more sleep group. CONCLUSIONS This suggests that different age groups have different optimal sleep duration, and age may be an important factor influencing the relationship between sleep duration and mental health/quality of life, with mental health playing a mediating role in the relationship between sleep duration and quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhijing Sun
- School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Feng Lin
- School of Philosophy, Anhui University, Hefei, China
| | - Yanni Xu
- School of Philosophy, Anhui University, Hefei, China
| | - Erya Wu
- School of Philosophy, Anhui University, Hefei, China
| | - Xinying Sun
- School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoming Zhou
- Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China; Dongying People's Hospital, Dongying, China
| | - Yibo Wu
- School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China.
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2
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Junça-Silva A, Mendes S. The intersectional effects of motivational and affective factors on managers' performance. Appl Psychol Health Well Being 2023; 15:1619-1636. [PMID: 37222254 DOI: 10.1111/aphw.12458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Drawing from the effort-recovery model, the authors analyzed the role of daily sleep quality as a driver for self-regulatory resources and consequently of task and contextual performance. Specifically, the authors hypothesized that self-regulatory resources would be a potential mechanism for enhancing workers' performance after a good night's sleep. Moreover, relying on the COR theory, the authors proposed health-related indicators (mental health and vitality) as intensifiers of the previously proposed indirect effect. Daily diary data were collected from 97 managers over five consecutive working days (485 daily observations) and analyzed using multilevel analyses. Sleep quality was positively associated with managers' self-regulatory resources and (task and contextual) performance at the person and day levels. Additionally, results provided support for most of the assumed indirect effects of sleep quality on both performance dimensions via self-regulatory resources. At last, the findings evidenced that these indirect effects were moderated by health indicators in a way that lower scores on health intensified such positive effects. Organizations should create mechanisms that could promote their workers' awareness of the potential benefits of sleeping well at night as well as its impacts on both self-regulatory resources and performance. The current intensification of workload together with working after hours may pose a risk to this important resource source for managers. These findings emphasize the day-to-day variation in self-regulatory resources needed to perform and that workers' sleep quality has the potential to stimulate a resource-building process for such benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Junça-Silva
- Instituto Universitário de Lisboa (ISCTE-IUL), Lisbon, Portugal
- Business Research Unit-BRU, UNIDE-IUL, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Simão Mendes
- Instituto Politécnico de Tomar (IPT), Tomar, Portugal
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3
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Yuan M, Tang R, Rong M, Han Y, Fang Y. The association of spousal depressive symptoms and cognitive function among older adults: mediation and moderated mediation analyses. Aging Ment Health 2023; 27:2162-2169. [PMID: 37212625 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2023.2213665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To test whether contagious depressive symptoms mediate the association between spousal depressive symptoms (spousal-DS) and the other spouse's cognitive function, and test the moderated mediation of social activities engagement and sleep quality. STUDY DESIGN A total of 3,230 adults aged ≥60 and one of his/her close relatives were interviewed in 2016 in Xiamen, China. METHODS Cognitive function and depressive symptoms were measured by MoCA and GDS-15/CES-D-10, respectively. Social activities engagement and sleep quality were self-reported. Mediation and moderated mediation were tested by PROCESS macro with 5000 bootstrapping re-samples. RESULT Among all, 1,193 pairs were husband-wife with complete information and were included. The mean ages of older adults and their spouses were 68.35 ± 6.53 and 66.53 ± 7.91 years, respectively. The mean MoCA and GDS-15 scores for older adults were 22.21 ± 5.45 and 1.73 ± 2.17, respectively. The average score of CES-D-10 for spouses was 14.18 ± 4.77. Spousal-DS were associated with cognitive functions of older adults via the contagious depressive symptoms (indirect effect: -0.048, 95% confidence interval (CI): (-0.075, -0.028)). Such mediation can be buffered by attending social activities (interaction: -0.062, 95% CI: (-0.111, -0.013)) and improving sleep quality (interaction: -0.034, 95% CI: (-0.057, -0.012)). CONCLUSION Cognitive function of older adults was associated with his/her spouse's depressive symptoms, and the association was mediated by contagious depressive symptoms and moderated by social activities as well as sleep quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manqiong Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment of Fujian Province, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Rui Tang
- Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment of Fujian Province, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Meng Rong
- Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment of Fujian Province, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yaofeng Han
- Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment of Fujian Province, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Ya Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment of Fujian Province, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
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4
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Yun M, Beehr T. Eating versus sleeping: Lunchtime meals and naps relation to afternoon creativity at work. Appl Psychol Health Well Being 2023; 15:1319-1335. [PMID: 36788127 DOI: 10.1111/aphw.12438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Based on the Conservation of Resources theory, we develop dual mechanisms by which lunchtime recovery activities predict creativity. Specifically, by conceptualizing the quality of lunchtime naps and meals as examples of recovery activities, we expect these recovery activities help individuals replenish their psychological resources in the form of more work engagement (affective process) and less cognitive depletion (cognitive process). Further, individuals are expected to utilize these available psychological resources to generate creative ideas. To test our model, we used a group-mean centering approach to focus on within-person effects by recruiting 230 employees working at construction sites in South Korea. Overall, after removing 242 invalid observations (omitting at least two items and not reporting the duration of a nap), we finalized a total of two-wave 1598 daily questionnaires. A high quality of lunchtime naps and meals helps individuals recover their emotional resources (more work engagement) and cognitive resources (less cognitive depletion), which predict individuals' creativity. Finally, although indirect effects of the two recovery activities on creativity via affective and cognitive processes were generally supported, the indirect effect of lunch nap quality on creativity via work engagement was not significant, suggesting most of the effect is due to meal quality rather than nap quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mansik Yun
- Department of Psychology & Counseling, Fairleigh Dickinson University, Madison, New Jersey, USA
| | - Terry Beehr
- Department of Psychology, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, Michigan, USA
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Opoku MA, Kang SW, Choi SB. The influence of sleep on job satisfaction: examining a serial mediation model of psychological capital and burnout. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1149367. [PMID: 37693724 PMCID: PMC10483141 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1149367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction This study draws on the conservation of resources theory to investigate whether the loss of sleep can trigger the loss of additional resources that are necessary for work. Methods Using cross-sectional design of 322 call center employees working at a government-owned public bank in South Korea, we test the study hypotheses using regression and bootstrapping indirect effects analyses. Results The results of analyses show that insufficient sleep increases employee burnout and that psychological capital mediates this relationship. We also find that insufficient sleep decreases job satisfaction via a serial mediation model such that insufficient sleep reduces psychological capital, which in turn increases burnout, and ultimately results in lower job satisfaction. Discussion The findings reinforce the previous assessment that although sleep is a non-work factor, its impact spills over to the workplace. Theoretically, this study goes beyond direct effect to uncover the underlying or mediating mechanisms that account for the impact of the sleep-burnout relationship and the sleep-job satisfaction relationship. For managers, the results highlight the significance of sleep to employees' overall health and well-being and thus underscore the need to foster a work culture that recognizes and prioritizes employee sleep needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mavis Agyemang Opoku
- Gordon S. Lang School of Business and Economics, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Seung-Wan Kang
- College of Business, Gachon University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Suk Bong Choi
- College of Global Business, Korea University, Sejong City, Republic of Korea
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Czakert JP, Berger R. The Influence of Leadership on Employees' Work-nonwork Interface and Wellbeing: A Scoping Review. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2023:1-26. [PMID: 37359594 PMCID: PMC10233180 DOI: 10.1007/s12144-023-04762-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Many current working conditions are characterized by increasing blurred boundaries between work and nonwork with spillover that impact employees' and recovery processes and wellbeing. Research, although emerging, considers these processes in the leadership-wellbeing relationship insufficiently. The main aim of this study, therefore, was to enhance our understanding of the role of leadership on employee's work-nonwork interface and wellbeing. To address these processes adequately, longitudinal research is most appropriate. To our best knowledge, no review exists that could inform longitudinal studies on the leadership-employee wellbeing relationship with a focus on spillover and recovery processes. Following the PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews, we apply a narrative synthesis of 21 identified studies to organize the research landscape. We make three main contributions: First, we adopt an integrated resource-demands based process perspective and expand the leadership-employee wellbeing relationship by including spillover and recovery. Second, we map the used theoretical approaches and analyzed research gaps. Third, we offer a list of the issues and potential remedies of applied methodologies to orient further research. Results show, that while work-nonwork research is predominantly approached from a negative conflict-based view, research focused more on positive than on negative leadership. We identify two broad categories of investigated mechanisms, namely bolstering/hampering mechanisms, and buffering/strengthening mechanisms. Findings also highlight the importance of personal energy resources and therefore call for more attention to affect-driven theories. The identified predominance of the IT and healthcare sectors and of working parents warrants more representative research. We offer recommendations to advance future research both theoretically and methodologically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Philipp Czakert
- Departament de Psicologia Social i Quantitativa, Universitat de Barcelona, Passeig de la Vall d’Hebron, 171, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rita Berger
- Departament de Psicologia Social i Quantitativa, Universitat de Barcelona, Passeig de la Vall d’Hebron, 171, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
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Gerpott FH, Rivkin W, Diestel S. Keep it steady? Not only average self-control demands matter for employees’ work engagement, but also variability. WORK AND STRESS 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/02678373.2023.2180784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fabiola H. Gerpott
- Management Group, WHU – Otto Beisheim School of Management, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Wladislaw Rivkin
- Trinity Business School – Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Stefan Diestel
- Schumpeter School of Business and Economics, University of Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany
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8
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Zhao H, Lu C, Yi C. Physical Activity and Sleep Quality Association in Different Populations: A Meta-Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:1864. [PMID: 36767229 PMCID: PMC9914680 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20031864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The meta-analysis statistical methodology was used to test the effect of physical activity intervention on sleep quality. According to the preliminary results of the meta-analysis, moderating variables (age stage and physical activity intensity) were included for further study. On this basis, measures and schemes to improve sleep quality through physical activity were put forward. A preliminary Endnote X9 search of relevant literature from six electronic databases (Web of Science, Medline, PubMed, CNKI, PsycINFO and Wanfang) was performed. The results showed the following: (1) The overall test effect of physical activity intervention on sleep quality was not significant (p = 0.15). (2) Moderate- and low-intensity physical activity had significant effects on sleep quality (moderate intensity d = 2.56, p = 0.015; low-intensity d = 1.38, p = 0.03), while high-intensity physical activity had no obvious effect on sleep quality (d = 1.12, p = 0.32). (3) There were differences in the effect of physical activity on sleep quality at different ages. The effect of physical activity on sleep quality was more obvious in children and middle-aged and elderly people (children d = 1.24, p = 0.03; middle-aged and elderly people d = 1.98, p = 0.037), but not in young people (d = 1.32, p = 0.11). Conclusion: The overall effect of physical activity on sleep quality was not significant. Physical activity had an obvious effect on the sleep quality of children and middle-aged and elderly people but had no obvious effect on young people. Moderate-intensity physical activity had a certain effect on sleep quality, but high-intensity physical activity had no obvious effect on sleep quality. Future studies need to confirm these findings with a good large sample and moderating variables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haitao Zhao
- Department of Sociology, School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
- College of Physical Education, ShanXi Normal University, Taiyuan 030031, China
| | - Chuntian Lu
- Department of Sociology, School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Cuixia Yi
- Department of Sociology, School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
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Petitta L, Probst TM, Ghezzi V, Barbaranelli C. The impact of emotional contagion on workplace safety: Investigating the roles of sleep, health, and production pressure. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2023; 42:2362-2376. [PMID: 33758486 PMCID: PMC7972334 DOI: 10.1007/s12144-021-01616-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Using emotional contagion theory and the Job Demands-Resources model as a theoretical foundation, we tested the proposition that higher levels of contagion of anger (i.e., a demand) vs. higher levels of contagion of joy (i.e., a resource) will be associated respectively with more vs. fewer sleep disturbances and health problems, which in turn are related to more workplace accidents and injuries. Moreover, we examined the moderating impact of production pressure (i.e., a contextual demand) on the relationship between emotional contagion and employee poor sleep and health. Data from 1000 employees in Italy showed that the conditional indirect effects of contagion of anger, but not of joy, on accidents and injuries via sleep and health problems were intensified as levels of production pressure increased. Furthermore, contagion of anger was positively associated with both sleep disturbances and health problems whereas contagion of joy was negatively related to only sleep disturbances. These findings suggest that the effect of anger that employees absorb during social interactions at work likely persists when coming at home and represents an emotional demand that impairs the physiological functions that regulate restorative sleep and energies recharging; and, this effect is even stronger among employees who perceived higher levels of organizational production pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Petitta
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Via dei Marsi, 78, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Tahira M. Probst
- Washington State University Vancouver, 14204 NE Salmon Creek Avenue, Vancouver, WA 98686-9600 USA
| | - Valerio Ghezzi
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Via dei Marsi, 78, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Claudio Barbaranelli
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Via dei Marsi, 78, 00185 Rome, Italy
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Netchaeva E, Ilies R, Magni M, Yao J. What we are pushed to do versus what we want to do: Comparing the unique effects of citizenship pressure and actual citizenship behavior on fatigue and family behaviors. JOURNAL OF VOCATIONAL BEHAVIOR 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvb.2023.103845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Phan V, Beck JW. Why Do People (Not) Take Breaks? An Investigation of Individuals' Reasons for Taking and for Not Taking Breaks at Work. JOURNAL OF BUSINESS AND PSYCHOLOGY 2022; 38:259-282. [PMID: 36593864 PMCID: PMC9798373 DOI: 10.1007/s10869-022-09866-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Although breaks can help employees stay energized and maintain high levels of performance throughout the day, employees sometimes refrain from taking a break despite wanting to do so. Unfortunately, few studies have investigated individuals' reasons for taking and for not taking a break at work. To address this gap, we developed a model for predicting employees' break-taking behaviors. We developed hypotheses by integrating theories of work stress, self-regulation, and the results of a qualitative survey conducted as part of the current research (Study 1). Specifically, we predicted that high workloads would be positively related to the desire to detach from work, but that at the same time, high workloads would also deter employees from actually taking breaks. Furthermore, we predicted that employees would be less likely to act upon their desire to take a break within an environment where breaks are frowned upon by supervisors and coworkers, relative to an environment where breaks are allowed and encouraged. The results of a daily diary study of full-time employees (Study 2) provided general support for these predictions. Altogether, this research provides insights into the manner in which employees' psychological experiences and characteristics of the work environment combine to predict break-taking. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10869-022-09866-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Phan
- Department of Psychology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1 Canada
| | - James W. Beck
- Department of Psychology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1 Canada
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Özer G, Griep Y, Escartín J. A Matter of Health? A 24-Week Daily and Weekly Diary Study on Workplace Bullying Perpetrators' Psychological and Physical Health. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 20:479. [PMID: 36612801 PMCID: PMC9819520 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20010479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Workplace bullying (WB) studies focusing on perpetrators are increasing. Many processes, events, circumstances and individual states are being studied to understand and inhibit what causes some employees to become perpetrators. Using a 24-week diary design and drawing on the Conservation of Resources Theory, we investigated how sleep, physical activity (PA), and being bullied predicted perpetration on a within-level. On a between-level, we controlled for a supervisory position, psychological distress and mental illnesses over 38 employees from Spain and Turkey. Their average age was 38.84 years (SD = 11.75). They were from diverse sectors (15.8% in manufacturing, 15.8% in education, 13.2% in wholesale and retail trade, 13.2% in information and communication, 7.9% in health, 7.9% in other services and 26.3% from other sectors) with diverse professions such as finance manager, psychologist, graphic designer, academic, human resources professional, forensic doctor, IT and Administration head, municipality admin executive, waiter, and sales executives. Data collection was conducted over 24 consecutive work weeks, where only 31 participants were involved in perpetration (final observations = 720). We analyzed the data using multilevel structural equation modeling decomposed into within-and-between-person variance parts. The results indicated that on a within-level, PA as steps taken during the work week and being bullied positively predicted perpetration the same week, while sleep quality did not. By connecting sleep, physical exercise and WB literature, we draw attention to the health condition of perpetrators. Organizations should actively inhibit workplace bullying and be mindful of employees' physical activities at work or commuting to work. Managers should also be attentive to physical fatigue that employees may feel due to their responsibilities in their private lives and allow employees to rest and recuperate to inhibit negative behaviors at work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gülüm Özer
- Department of Social Psychology and Quantitative Psychology, University of Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Yannick Griep
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, 6525 GD Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Stress Research Institute, Stockholm University, 16407 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jordi Escartín
- Department of Social Psychology and Quantitative Psychology, University of Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
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13
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Can't stop eating my feelings: the maladaptive responses of abused employees toward abusive supervision. JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT & ORGANIZATION 2022. [DOI: 10.1017/jmo.2022.75] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Although organizational research on abusive supervision and its detrimental effects on individuals and organizations has become increasingly popular, little attention has been paid to the maladaptive responses of subordinates to abusive supervision. We build upon self-regulatory theory to investigate one common but overlooked maladaptive response of subordinates to abusive supervision: subordinate overeating behavior. We conducted a single-source, multi-wave daily diary study on 10 consecutive working days (N = 115 employees and 1150 daily surveys) to investigate the relationship between abusive supervision and overeating behavior via a subordinate's negative mood at the high versus low values of subordinate's recovery experiences. We, from the perspective of self-regulatory impairment, found that a subordinate's perceptions of abusive supervision instill a sense of negative mood, which in turn render a loss of control over his/her behavioral intentions toward overeating behavior. Moreover, the first-stage moderation results demonstrated that recovery experiences at the workplace mitigate the depleting effects of abusive supervision. Abused subordinates are less susceptible to the effects of abusive supervision on overeating behavior via their negative moods when there are greater recovery experiences at the workplace. Implications for theory and practice are discussed.
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14
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Too Tired to Lean In? Sleep Quality Impacts Women’s Daily Intentions to Pursue Workplace Status. SEX ROLES 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11199-022-01321-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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15
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Kinnunen U, Van Laethem M, Sianoja M, de Bloom J. Daily sleep in relation to subjective and physiological stress in an occupational context: Daily vigour as a mediator. Stress Health 2022; 39:323-334. [PMID: 35932229 DOI: 10.1002/smi.3185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Studies on the stress-sleep relationship consistently demonstrate negative effects of stress on sleep. The reversed relation, however, has received less research attention. Also, field studies on physiological stress are scarce. The aim of this day-level diary study was to examine daily relationships between sleep quality and quantity, and subjective and physiological stress in an occupational context. Moreover, we examined daily vigour as an underlying mechanism of the sleep-stress relationship. Participants were 167 knowledge workers who filled in daily questionnaires measuring sleep quality and quantity, morning vigour and subjective afternoon stress on Tuesdays and Thursdays for 5 weeks. Physiological stress was assessed with cortisol decline from morning peak to evening, and with blood pressure in the afternoon. Multilevel path analysis results showed that better sleep quality and longer sleep hours predicted increased vigour the following morning, which in turn predicted lower subjective stress in the afternoon. Sleep quality and quantity were not related to physiological stress neither directly nor indirectly via morning vigour. On the basis of our results, sleep should be considered as a factor affecting vigour which in turn seems to lower stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulla Kinnunen
- Faculty of Social Sciences (Psychology), Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Michelle Van Laethem
- Department of Work and Organizational Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marjaana Sianoja
- Faculty of Social Sciences (Psychology), Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Jessica de Bloom
- Faculty of Social Sciences (Psychology), Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.,Faculty of Economics and Business, HRM & OB, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Teacher Support Matters: The Effect of Self-Control Demands on Safety Behavior of Vocational High School Students in China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19127220. [PMID: 35742471 PMCID: PMC9223738 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19127220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The safety behavior of vocational school students is worth noting. The current study is aimed to examine the effect of self-control demands on safety behavior. Drawing on the Self-Control Resource Model, we predict that self-control demands have a negative effect on safety behavior through ego depletion and perceived teacher support moderates the link among self-control demands, ego depletion, and safety behavior. A two-wave survey was conducted and 285 vocational students participated in our study. Mediation and moderated mediation modeling analyses were carried out. Results showed that ego depletion fully mediated the link between self-control demands and safety behavior. Moreover, perceived teacher support moderated the relationship between self-control demands, ego depletion and safety behavior; for students who perceived high levels of teacher support, the negative effect of self-control demands on safety behavior via ego depletion was insignificant, while for students who perceived low levels of teacher support, their negative effect was significant. The present study clarifies the effects of self-control demands on safety behavior through the resource depletion process and highlights the importance of teacher support in buffering the negative effect of self-control demands on workplace safety. Enhancing safety management, engaging in a resource recovery activity, and providing teacher support training are effective ways to maintain high levels of workplace safety.
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Liu S, Bamberger P, Wang M, Nahum-Shani I, Larimer M, Bacharach SB. Behavior change versus stability during the college-to-work transition: Life course and the "stickiness" of alcohol misuse at career entry. PERSONNEL PSYCHOLOGY 2022; 76:945-975. [PMID: 37745943 PMCID: PMC10513095 DOI: 10.1111/peps.12519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
To what extent and under what conditions do college graduates disengage from employment-incompatible behaviors during the college-to-work transition? Drawing from the life course perspective, we proposed a model highlighting considerable stability of employment-incompatible behaviors during initial months of organizational socialization. Our model predicted that maturing out of such behaviors, which is expected by employers and beneficial to career adjustment, would be more likely to occur given a conducive transition context. Using a large dataset tracking graduates from their last semester in college to up to approximately 1.5 years after graduation and with alcohol use as our empirical referent, we demonstrated that a pattern of high-risk drinking behavior may remain even after the transition into full-time employment. We further showed that lower levels of perceived cohort drinking norms and higher levels of mentoring were associated with a higher probability of maturing out, manifesting in a transition from a high-risk drinking profile before graduation to a moderate drinking profile after starting full-time employment. Finally, we found that maturing out was associated with lagged outcomes including lower levels of sleep problems and depression and fewer work days lost to absenteeism, thus underscoring the consequential nature of behavior profile shifts during the college-to-work transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songqi Liu
- Department of Management, Robinson College of Business, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303
| | - Peter Bamberger
- Coller School of Management, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv 69978, ISRAEL
| | - Mo Wang
- Department of Management, Warrington College of Business, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611
| | - Inbal Nahum-Shani
- Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48106
| | - Mary Larimer
- Department of Psychology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195
| | - Samuel B Bacharach
- Smithers Institute, ILR School, Cornell University, 16 E. 34th St. 4th Floor, New York, NY 10016
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Impact of Sleep Deprivation on Job Performance of Working Mothers: Mediating Effect of Workplace Deviance. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19073799. [PMID: 35409482 PMCID: PMC8997657 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19073799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The current study takes its philosophical roots from organizational behavior and psychology domains to investigate the impact of sleep deprivation on the job performance of mothers working in primary, secondary, and higher education institutions (HEIs) of Pakistan. It also examines the mediating role of workplace deviance in the relationship between sleep deprivation and the job performance of working mothers. The authors followed the non-probability convenience sampling technique to study the relationship between sleep deprivation, workplace deviance, and job performance. The structural analyses indicated that sleep deprivation has a significant negative impact on the job performance of working mothers and sleep-deprived individuals often tend to perform poorly at the workplace. Such workers are also more likely to engage in workplace deviant behaviors. Moreover, workplace deviance is also found to act as a mediating variable in the relationship between sleep deprivation and job performance. The present research bridges the literature gap on the rarely investigated factors, namely sleep deprivation and workplace deviance, and provide a detailed understanding of how these factors can influence the performance of working mothers, specifically in Pakistan.
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19
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Park LS, Martinez L, Xu S. Job experience as a buffer against incivility: a daily diary study. JOURNAL OF MANAGERIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1108/jmp-03-2021-0194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
PurposeIncivility is pervasive in organisational settings, particularly in healthcare, and is associated with negative employee outcomes. The aim of this study was to analyse the relationships between experienced incivility, sleep quality and emotional outcomes, positioning sleep quality as a mediator. Additionally, the protective role of tenure and the unique effects of incivility from different sources were examined.Design/methodology/approachThis study used a daily diary longitudinal design using self-report questionnaires with 92 nurses of varying tenure.FindingsThis research demonstrates that experiencing incivility negatively impacts sleep quality, which, in turn, increases surface acting and emotional exhaustion. Furthermore, the negative relationship between incivility and sleep quality is attenuated among nurses who have longer tenure.Practical implicationsThese findings are helpful in developing targeted practical practices, such as incivility interventions and mentorship programs to reduce the incidence and impact of incivility.Originality/value This study draws upon theories of self-regulation and emotion regulation to examine how incivility diminishes self-control resources, leading to negative outcomes. This study also positions job tenure as a buffer against incivility and examines the differential impact of different sources of incivility.
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20
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Wang YR, Black KJ, Martin A. Antecedents and outcomes of daily anticipated stress and stress forecasting errors. Stress Health 2021; 37:898-913. [PMID: 33773018 DOI: 10.1002/smi.3044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Stressors can have negative effects on well-being, but little is known about how an individual's inability to precisely forecast upcoming stress could be a risk factor for well-being. Antecedents and outcomes of two stress forecasting variables, anticipated stress level and underestimation errors in stress forecasting (operationalized by the residual change scores obtained by regressing the evening experienced stress on the morning anticipated stress), were investigated. In a daily diary study of 110 undergraduate students over a workweek, poor sleep quality and negative affect reported in the morning predicted a higher anticipated stress of the upcoming day. Poor sleep quality was found to be related to less underestimation errors (i.e., more overestimation). Mispredicting the daily stress level was found to predict greater health complaints and negative affect by the end of the day. Those high on trait resilience were found to make fewer underestimation errors on average. Worse emotional outcomes were associated with underestimation errors during stress forecasting than with overestimation errors. This study demonstrates that examining an individual's experience in forecasting upcoming stressors is an important area for future research in determining points of intervention to promote adaptive management of daily demands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ren Wang
- Department of Management, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama, USA
| | - Kristen Jennings Black
- Department of Psychology, University of Tennessee at Chattanooga, Chattanooga, Tennessee, USA
| | - Alexandra Martin
- Department of Psychology, University of Tennessee at Chattanooga, Chattanooga, Tennessee, USA
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21
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Martinez GJ, Mattingly SM, Robles-Granda P, Saha K, Sirigiri A, Young J, Chawla N, De Choudhury M, D'Mello S, Mark G, Striegel A. Predicting Participant Compliance With Fitness Tracker Wearing and Ecological Momentary Assessment Protocols in Information Workers: Observational Study. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2021; 9:e22218. [PMID: 34766911 PMCID: PMC8663716 DOI: 10.2196/22218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Studies that use ecological momentary assessments (EMAs) or wearable sensors to track numerous attributes, such as physical activity, sleep, and heart rate, can benefit from reductions in missing data. Maximizing compliance is one method of reducing missing data to increase the return on the heavy investment of time and money into large-scale studies. Objective This paper aims to identify the extent to which compliance can be prospectively predicted from individual attributes and initial compliance. Methods We instrumented 757 information workers with fitness trackers for 1 year and conducted EMAs in the first 56 days of study participation as part of an observational study. Their compliance with the EMA and fitness tracker wearing protocols was analyzed. Overall, 31 individual characteristics (eg, demographics and personalities) and behavioral variables (eg, early compliance and study portal use) were considered, and 14 variables were selected to create beta regression models for predicting compliance with EMAs 56 days out and wearable compliance 1 year out. We surveyed study participation and correlated the results with compliance. Results Our modeling indicates that 16% and 25% of the variance in EMA compliance and wearable compliance, respectively, could be explained through a survey of demographics and personality in a held-out sample. The likelihood of higher EMA and wearable compliance was associated with being older (EMA: odds ratio [OR] 1.02, 95% CI 1.00-1.03; wearable: OR 1.02, 95% CI 1.01-1.04), speaking English as a first language (EMA: OR 1.38, 95% CI 1.05-1.80; wearable: OR 1.39, 95% CI 1.05-1.85), having had a wearable before joining the study (EMA: OR 1.25, 95% CI 1.04-1.51; wearable: OR 1.50, 95% CI 1.23-1.83), and exhibiting conscientiousness (EMA: OR 1.25, 95% CI 1.04-1.51; wearable: OR 1.34, 95% CI 1.14-1.58). Compliance was negatively associated with exhibiting extraversion (EMA: OR 0.74, 95% CI 0.64-0.85; wearable: OR 0.67, 95% CI 0.57-0.78) and having a supervisory role (EMA: OR 0.65, 95% CI 0.54-0.79; wearable: OR 0.66, 95% CI 0.54-0.81). Furthermore, higher wearable compliance was negatively associated with agreeableness (OR 0.68, 95% CI 0.56-0.83) and neuroticism (OR 0.85, 95% CI 0.73-0.98). Compliance in the second week of the study could help explain more variance; 62% and 66% of the variance in EMA compliance and wearable compliance, respectively, was explained. Finally, compliance correlated with participants’ self-reflection on the ease of participation, usefulness of our compliance portal, timely resolution of issues, and compensation adequacy, suggesting that these are avenues for improving compliance. Conclusions We recommend conducting an initial 2-week pilot to measure trait-like compliance and identify participants at risk of long-term noncompliance, performing oversampling based on participants’ individual characteristics to avoid introducing bias in the sample when excluding data based on noncompliance, using an issue tracking portal, and providing special care in troubleshooting to help participants maintain compliance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonzalo J Martinez
- Computer Science and Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, United States
| | - Stephen M Mattingly
- Computer Science and Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, United States
| | - Pablo Robles-Granda
- Thomas M Siebel Center for Computer Science, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Koustuv Saha
- Microsoft Research, Montreal, QC, Canada.,School of Interactive Computing, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Anusha Sirigiri
- Indian School of Business Gachibowli, Hyderabad Telangana, India
| | - Jessica Young
- Center for Research Computing, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, United States
| | - Nitesh Chawla
- Computer Science and Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, United States
| | - Munmun De Choudhury
- School of Interactive Computing, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Sidney D'Mello
- Institute of Cognitive Science, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, United States
| | - Gloria Mark
- Informatics Department, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Aaron Striegel
- Computer Science and Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, United States
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22
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Cui G, Yin Y, Li S, Chen L, Liu X, Tang K, Li Y. Longitudinal relationships among problematic mobile phone use, bedtime procrastination, sleep quality and depressive symptoms in Chinese college students: a cross-lagged panel analysis. BMC Psychiatry 2021; 21:449. [PMID: 34507561 PMCID: PMC8431882 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-021-03451-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cross-sectional and longitudinal studies have found that problematic mobile phone use, bedtime procrastination, sleep quality, and depressive symptoms are strongly associated. However, studies are inconsistent regarding whether problematic mobile phone use predicts depressive symptoms or vice versa, and sleep factors have been infrequently focused on in this regard. In addition, few studies have examined the longitudinal associations and directions of effects between these factors. Therefore, this study aims to explore the longitudinal relationship among problematic mobile phone use, bedtime procrastination, sleep quality, and depressive symptoms in college students. METHODS Overall, 1181 college students completed questionnaires on problematic mobile phone use, bedtime procrastination, sleep quality, and depressive symptoms at two time points 12 months apart. A cross-lagged model was used to examine the longitudinal relationship between these factors. RESULTS Cross-lagged analyses showed significant bidirectional relationships of problematic mobile phone use with bedtime procrastination and depressive symptoms. Additionally, there were also significant bidirectional relationships of sleep quality with bedtime procrastination and depressive symptoms. Problematic mobile phone use predicted subsequent sleep quality one-way, and bedtime procrastination predicted subsequent depressive symptoms one-way. CONCLUSIONS This study further expands our understanding of the longitudinal and bidirectional relationships among problematic mobile phone use, bedtime procrastination, sleep quality and depressive symptoms and helps school mental health educators design targeted interventions to reduce problematic mobile phone use, sleep problems, and depressive symptoms among college students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanghui Cui
- grid.464402.00000 0000 9459 9325School of Acupuncture and Tuina, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355 China
| | - Yongtian Yin
- School of Nursing, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China.
| | - Shaojie Li
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Service Management, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China.
| | - Lei Chen
- grid.464402.00000 0000 9459 9325School of Acupuncture and Tuina, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355 China
| | - Xinyao Liu
- grid.464402.00000 0000 9459 9325School of Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355 China
| | - Kaixuan Tang
- grid.464402.00000 0000 9459 9325School of Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355 China
| | - Yawen Li
- grid.464402.00000 0000 9459 9325School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355 China
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23
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Chu Y, Lee K, Kim EI. Why Victimized Employees Become Less Engaged at Work: An Integrated Model for Testing the Mediating Role of Sleep Quality. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18168468. [PMID: 34444217 PMCID: PMC8393796 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18168468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have shown that workplace victimization is negatively related to work engagement. The explanations for the underlying mechanisms, however, are still in a nascent stage. Drawing on the limited resource theory of self-regulation and research on workplace aggression and sleep, we develop and test an integrated model, which explains that victimized employees may have impaired sleep quality and thus have less energy and be less likely to be engaged in their work. The results of logistic regression and structural equation modeling analyses of large-scale survey data collected from 90,272 employees across the years 2010, 2011, 2014, and 2017, indicate that workplace victimization is negatively related to sleep quality and subsequent workplace engagement, even controlling for alternative explanations-job insecurity and basic psychological needs for competence, autonomy, and relatedness. Our findings advance our knowledge on the detrimental consequences of workplace victimization and suggest that, while unmet basic psychological needs matter, impaired sleep quality is one reason why victimized employees find it difficult to engage at work.
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24
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Schleupner R, Kühnel J. Fueling Work Engagement: The Role of Sleep, Health, and Overtime. Front Public Health 2021; 9:592850. [PMID: 34095043 PMCID: PMC8172578 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.592850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
With the current study, we investigate mechanisms linking sleep quality with work engagement. Work engagement is an affective-motivational state of feeling vigorous, absorbed, and dedicated while working. Drawing from both the effort-recovery model and the job demands-resources framework, we hypothesize that sleep quality should be positively related to work engagement via the replenishment of personal resources that become apparent in mental health and physical health. Because personal resources should gain salience especially in the face of job demands, we hypothesize that overtime as an indicator for job demands should strengthen the positive relationship between mental health and work engagement. We gathered data from 152 employees from diverse industries via an online survey. Results showed that sleep quality was positively related to work engagement (r = 0.20, p < 0.05), and that mental health mediated this relationship (indirect effect: β = 0.23, lower limit confidence interval = 0.13, upper limit confidence interval = 0.34). However, physical health did not serve as a mediator. Overtime turned out to be significantly and positively related to work engagement (r = 0.22, p < 0.01), replicating previous findings, but did not significantly interact with mental health or physical health in predicting work engagement. Overall, the study highlights the significance of sleep quality for employees' mental health and work engagement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricarda Schleupner
- Occupational, Economic and Social Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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25
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Robles-Granda P, Lin S, Wu X, Martinez GJ, Mattingly SM, Moskal E, Striegel A, Chawla NV, D'Mello S, Gregg J, Nies K, Mark G, Grover T, Campbell AT, Mirjafari S, Saha K, De Choudhury M, Dey AK. Jointly Predicting Job Performance, Personality, Cognitive Ability, Affect, and Well-Being. IEEE COMPUT INTELL M 2021. [DOI: 10.1109/mci.2021.3061877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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26
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Zupancic N, Bucik V, Ihan A, Dolenc-Groselj L. Sleep and Safety Improve Physicians' Psychological Functioning at Work During Covid-19 Epidemic. Front Psychol 2021; 11:569324. [PMID: 33658954 PMCID: PMC7917138 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.569324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The COVID-19 pandemic caused a massive healthcare crisis. To investigate what makes healthcare system resilient and physicians better at coping during a crisis situation, our study investigated the role risk exposure, such as working at COVID-19 entry points, sleep, and perceived work safety played in reducing negative psychological functioning at work, as well as their effects on adverse and potentially fatal incidences of compromised safety and medical errors. Methods Our study included a representative sample of 1,189 physicians, from all 12 Slovenian regions and all medical occupations, as registered by the Medical Chamber of Slovenia. For the purposes of this study, a Questionnaire of Sleep and Psychological Functioning at Work was developed in the form of an online retrospective self-report. Additionally, our study included items assessing physicians perceived work safety and frequency of negative outcomes (compromised safety and medical errors) during the first month of the Covid-19 epidemic. Results Physicians working at COVID-19 entry points were more likely to experience night awakening, slept less than 5 h per night, experience nightmares, and had lower levels of psychological functioning in comparison to other physicians. Both hypothesized models showed adequate fit. A higher score on the sleep scale (sleep quantity, sleep quality, and shorter sleep latency) has been shown to predict lower levels of negative psychological functioning at work and, indirectly, reduced incidences of compromised safety and medical errors. Contrary to our expectations, no significant direct effect of sleep on compromised safety and medical errors was found. When perceived work safety was added into the model, the model showed improved fit, with perceived work safety predicting better sleep, less negative psychological functioning at work, and less compromised safety. Conclusion Sleep and safety both play an important role in reducing negative psychological functioning at work and, by doing so, decreasing the negative and potentially fatal incidents during the pandemic, such as compromised safety and medical errors. Further, research is needed to see how medical guidelines can be updated to ensure physicians sleep and that their safety is protected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Zupancic
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.,Institute of Clinical Neurophysiology, University Medical Centre, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Valentin Bucik
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Alojz Ihan
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Leja Dolenc-Groselj
- Institute of Clinical Neurophysiology, University Medical Centre, Ljubljana, Slovenia.,Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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27
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Why is personality tied to sleep quality? A biometric analysis of twins. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN PERSONALITY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jrp.2020.104048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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28
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The link between fear about COVID-19 and insomnia: mediated by economic concerns and psychological distress, moderated by mindfulness. JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT & ORGANIZATION 2021. [PMCID: PMC7900663 DOI: 10.1017/jmo.2021.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
This paper adds to extant research by examining the relationship between employees’ fear of coronavirus disease 2019 and their suffering from insomnia. It specifically proposes mediating roles of employees' economic concerns and psychological distress and a moderating role of mindfulness in this process. The research hypotheses are tested with survey data collected through two studies among Pakistani-based professionals: 316 in study 1 and 421 in study 2. The results pinpoint a salient risk for employees who experience fear during a pandemic crisis, in that the associated economic and psychological hardships make the situation worse by undermining their sleep quality, which eventually could diminish the quality of their lives even further. It also reveals how organizations can mitigate this risk if employees can leverage pertinent personal resources, such as mindfulness.
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29
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Zheng MX, Masters-Waage TC, Yao J, Lu Y, Tan N, Narayanan J. Stay Mindful and Carry on: Mindfulness Neutralizes COVID-19 Stressors on Work Engagement via Sleep Duration. Front Psychol 2020; 11:610156. [PMID: 33408674 PMCID: PMC7779584 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.610156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We examine whether mindfulness can neutralize the negative impact of COVID-19 stressors on employees' sleep duration and work engagement. In Study 1, we conducted a field experiment in Wuhan, China during the lockdown between February 20, 2020, and March 2, 2020, in which we induced state mindfulness by randomly assigning participants to either a daily mindfulness practice or a daily mind-wandering practice. Results showed that the sleep duration of participants in the mindfulness condition, compared with the control condition, was less impacted by COVID-19 stressors (i.e., the increase of infections in the community). In Study 2, in a 10-day daily diary study in the United Kingdom between June 8, 2020, and June 19, 2020, we replicate our results from Study 1 using a subjective measure of COVID-19 stressors and a daily measure of state mindfulness. In addition, we find that mindfulness buffers the negative effect of COVID-19 stressors on work engagement mediated by sleep duration. As the COVID-19 pandemic is ongoing and the number of reported cases continues to rise globally, our findings suggest that mindfulness is an evidence-based practice that can effectively neutralize the negative effect of COVID-19 stressors on sleep and work outcomes. The findings of the present study contribute to the employee stress and well-being literature as well as the emerging organizational research on mindfulness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Xue Zheng
- Department of Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management, China Europe International Business School (CEIBS), Shanghai, China
| | | | - Jingxian Yao
- Católica Lisbon School of Business and Economics, Catholic University of Portugal, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Yizhen Lu
- NUS Business School, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Noriko Tan
- NUS Business School, Singapore Management University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jayanth Narayanan
- NUS Business School, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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30
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When and How Does the Job Insecurity of Salespersons Become a Sleep Problem? The Moderating Roles of Organizational Control Systems. Healthcare (Basel) 2020; 8:healthcare8040422. [PMID: 33105878 PMCID: PMC7712361 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare8040422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study examines the effect of the emotional exhaustion associated with salespersons' job insecurity on their sleep (i.e., insomnia symptoms). We identified two types of formal organizational control systems (i.e., outcome-based and behavior-based controls) as boundary conditions that strengthen/weaken the positive relationship between job insecurity and emotional exhaustion. To test this moderating effect, we collected online panel surveys from 187 Korean salespersons at two time points, which were separated by three months. Like our predictions, the positive relationship between job insecurity and negative sleep quality (i.e., insomnia symptoms) was found to be mediated by emotional exhaustion. We further found a significant three-way interaction between job insecurity, outcome-based control, and behavior-based control, which is mediated by emotional exhaustion, indicating that the positive relationship between job insecurity and emotional exhaustion was strongest when the outcome-based control and behavior-based control of salespersons were high and low, respectively. The indirect effect of the emotional exhaustion associated with job insecurity on sleep quality was also weakest when the outcome-based control and behavior-based control were both high. These results provide theoretical and practical implications for managing employees in job insecurity contexts.
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31
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Associations Between Job-Strain, Physical Activity, Health Status, and Sleep Quality Among Swedish Municipality Workers. J Occup Environ Med 2020; 61:e56-e60. [PMID: 30540651 PMCID: PMC6416142 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000001516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To examine the associations between work-stress and physical activity (PA) with sleep quality while controlling for covariates, including social support. Methods: A cross-sectional study among employees of a municipality (n = 2765). Data from respondents (n = 1973) with good/poor sleep quality were included. Prevalence ratios (PR) were estimated using modified Poisson regression analyses. Results: A significant interaction was observed between job-strain and self-reported health in the explanation of sleep quality. Consequently, interaction (job strain × self-rated health) adjusted PRs were calculated. The PRs for high job strain were 1.986 (95% CI 1.58 to 2.49) and 1.220 (95% CI 1.04 to 1.44) compared with the reference groups. Conclusions: Findings show that high job strain and low PA levels are associated with poor sleep quality, and that self-rated health plays an important moderating role in the association between job strain and sleep quality.
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Haun VC, Baethge A. The Moderating Role of Work-Related Rumination in Nurses’ Sleep Quality Trajectory During Morning Shift Work. JOURNAL OF PERSONNEL PSYCHOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1027/1866-5888/a000247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Abstract. This diary study investigated nurses’ recovery after transitioning to morning shift work (i.e., their short-term adaptation to shift work) by examining the change trajectory of sleep quality over the course of five consecutive morning shifts. Results of latent growth analyses ( N = 132) showed that nurses’ sleep quality started at low levels and increased rapidly in the beginning until it stabilized toward the end of the shift work period. Moreover, work-related rumination moderated the sleep quality trajectory. When rumination was low, nurses’ sleep quality showed a quadratic trajectory, whereas when rumination was high, sleep quality showed a flatter and linear trajectory, suggesting that rumination impedes recovery after the transition and adaptation to morning shift work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verena C. Haun
- Institute of Psychology, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Anja Baethge
- Institute of Psychology, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
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Brossoit RM, Crain TL, Hammer LB, Lee S, Bodner TE, Buxton OM. Associations among patient care workers’ schedule control, sleep, job satisfaction and turnover intentions. Stress Health 2020; 36:442-456. [PMID: 32181575 PMCID: PMC8919502 DOI: 10.1002/smi.2941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Healthcare is the fastest growing occupational sector in America, yet patient care workers experience low job satisfaction, high turnover, and susceptibility to poor sleep compared to workers in other jobs and industries. Increasing schedule control may be one way to help mitigate these issues. Drawing from conservation of resources theory, we evaluate associations among schedule control (i.e. a contextual resource), employee sleep duration and quality (i.e. personal resources), job satisfaction, and turnover intentions. Patient care workers who reported having more schedule control at baseline reported greater sleep duration and sleep quality 6 months later, as well as higher job satisfaction and lower turnover intentions 12 months later. Workers who experienced greater sleep sufficiency (i.e. feeling well-rested) reported higher job satisfaction 6 months later, and workers who experienced fewer insomnia symptoms (i.e. trouble falling and staying asleep) reported lower turnover intentions 6 months later. The association between schedule control and job satisfaction was partially mediated by greater sleep sufficiency, though this effect was small. Providing patient care workers with greater control over their work schedules and opportunities for improved sleep may improve their job attitudes. Results were not replicated when different analytical approaches were performed, so findings should be interpreted provisionally.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tori L. Crain
- Department of Psychology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado
| | - Leslie B. Hammer
- Oregon Institute for Occupational Health Sciences, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon,Department of Psychology, Portland State University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Soomi Lee
- School of Aging Studies, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida
| | - Todd E. Bodner
- Department of Psychology, Portland State University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Orfeu M. Buxton
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania,Department of Medicine and Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts,Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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Rost EA, Glasgow TE, Calderwood C. Active Today, Replenished Tomorrow? How Daily Physical Activity Diminishes Next-Morning Depletion. Appl Psychol Health Well Being 2020; 13:219-238. [PMID: 32956557 DOI: 10.1111/aphw.12229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical activity is a salient input to psychological health and well-being. Recent applied psychology research suggests that physical activity of a greater intensity is particularly important for recovery from work-related effort expenditure. However, whether and how moderate-to-vigorous levels of physical activity influence recovery outside of working populations remains unclear. Further, the process through which this relationship unfolds on a day-to-day basis has yet to be mapped. METHOD We conducted a 10-day daily diary study in a sample of 66 college students that incorporated objective measurements of physical activity and sleep to address these research gaps. RESULTS We found that higher levels of daily moderate-to-vigorous physical activity were associated with leisure-time psychological detachment from daily school demands, which in turn related to longer duration sleep that diminished next-morning depletion. DISCUSSION We discuss how our findings advance a dynamic perspective of the intersection of physical activity and recovery from day-to-day that can be applied outside of working populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily A Rost
- Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, USA
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Wong JH, Turner N, Kelloway EK, Wadsworth EJ. Tired, strained, and hurt: The indirect effect of negative affect on the relationship between poor quality sleep and work injuries. WORK AND STRESS 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/02678373.2020.1774938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer H.K. Wong
- Department of Psychology, Saint Mary’s University, Halifax, Canada
- Department of Psychology, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Nick Turner
- Haskayne School of Business, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | | | - Emma J. Wadsworth
- Centre for Occupational and Health Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
- Innovation and Enterprise, Solent University, Southampton, United Kingdom
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Millennials’ Sleep and Unethical Behavior: Testing the Relationship between Sleep and Academic Dishonesty of Millennials in a Korean University. SUSTAINABILITY 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/su12093902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study empirically examined the impact of sleep quantity and sleep quality on academic dishonesty as a kind of unethical behavior with a sample of 237 millennials in a Korean university. Sleep quantity was calculated by subtracting bedtime, sleep latency, and wake after sleep onset (WASO) from wake-up time. Sleep quality was measured with the Insomnia Scale developed by Jenkins et al. (1988), and all items are reverse coded. Plagiarism and attitudes toward academic dishonesty (ATAD) were selected as unethical behaviors of millennials at the university. The results of this study are as follows: (1) sleep quantity and sleep quality have negative relationships with ego depletion; (2) ego depletion has no significant relationship with plagiarism or ATAD; (3) sleep quantity has no relationship with plagiarism or ATAD; (4) sleep quality has negative relationships with plagiarism and ATAD; (5) all four indirect effects of sleep quantity and sleep quality on plagiarism and ATAD through ego depletion are not significant. Based on the results, theoretical and practical implications are discussed, and the limitations of this study and recommendations for future research are provided.
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Gort C, Marcusson-Clavertz D, Kuehner C. Procrastination, Affective State, Rumination, and Sleep Quality: Investigating Reciprocal Effects with Ambulatory Assessment. JOURNAL OF RATIONAL-EMOTIVE AND COGNITIVE-BEHAVIOR THERAPY 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10942-020-00353-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Crain TL, Brossoit RM, Robles-Saenz F, Tran M. Fighting fatigue: A conceptual model of driver sleep in the gig economy. Sleep Health 2020; 6:358-365. [PMID: 32205095 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleh.2020.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this paper was to integrate the sleep science, occupational health, and organizational psychology literature to develop a conceptual model of driver sleep and fatigue in the gig economy. We develop an integrative framework, which proposes that aspects of the on-demand driving context influence driver sleep health and fatigue. Driver outcomes include safety incidents, injuries, health, job attitudes, interpersonal behavior, and performance. In addition, moderators, such as driver demographics and health conditions, can interact with aspects of the driver context. A number of practical implications are provided, addressing the ways in which occupational health researchers, online labor platform companies, and drivers can improve sleep health. This is the first paper to provide a broad understanding of how scientists, through both research and practice, can help improve sleep, a primary issue in the ridesharing industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tori L Crain
- Department of Psychology, Colorado State University, 1876 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1876.
| | - Rebecca M Brossoit
- Department of Psychology, Colorado State University, 1876 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1876
| | - Faviola Robles-Saenz
- Department of Psychology, Colorado State University, 1876 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1876
| | - Molly Tran
- Department of Nursing and Health Sciences, Elmhurst College, 190 Prospect Avenue, Elmhurst, IL 60126
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DePasquale N, Sliwinski MJ, Zarit SH, Buxton OM, Almeida DM. Unpaid Caregiving Roles and Sleep Among Women Working in Nursing Homes: A Longitudinal Study. THE GERONTOLOGIST 2020; 59:474-485. [PMID: 29360993 DOI: 10.1093/geront/gnx185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Although sleep is a critical health outcome providing insight into overall health, well-being, and role functioning, little is known about the sleep consequences of simultaneously occupying paid and unpaid caregiving roles. This study investigated the frequency with which women employed in U.S.-based nursing homes entered and exited unpaid caregiving roles for children (double-duty-child caregivers), adults (double-duty-elder caregivers), or both (triple-duty caregivers), as well as examined how combinations of and changes in these caregiving roles related to cross-sectional and longitudinal sleep patterns. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS The sample comprised 1,135 women long-term care employees who participated in the baseline wave of the Work, Family, and Health Study and were assessed at three follow-up time points (6-, 12-, and 18-months). Sleep was assessed with items primarily adapted from the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and wrist actigraphic recordings. Multilevel models with data nested within persons were applied. RESULTS Women long-term care employees entered and exited the unpaid elder caregiving role most frequently. At baseline, double-duty-child and triple-duty caregivers reported shorter sleep quantity and poorer sleep quality than their counterparts without unpaid caregiving roles, or workplace-only caregivers. Double-duty-elder caregivers also reported shorter sleep duration compared to workplace-only caregivers. Over time, double-duty-elder caregiving role entry was associated with negative changes in subjective sleep quantity and quality. DISCUSSION AND IMPLICATIONS Simultaneously occupying paid and unpaid caregiving roles has negative implications for subjective sleep characteristics. These results call for further research to advance understanding of double-and-triple-duty caregivers' sleep health and facilitate targeted intervention development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole DePasquale
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham
| | - Martin J Sliwinski
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park
| | - Steven H Zarit
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park
| | - Orfeu M Buxton
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park
| | - David M Almeida
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park
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Gerhardt C, Kottwitz MU, Lüdin TJ, Gabriel D, Elfering A. Work and sleep quality in railway employees: an actigraphy study. ERGONOMICS 2020; 63:13-30. [PMID: 31594485 DOI: 10.1080/00140139.2019.1677945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This actigraphy study tests whether daily work stressors (time pressure, social stressors), work resources (control, social support) and mental detachment from work predict sleep quality, when controlling for demands and control after work. Fifty-two railway employees participated during five consecutive workdays by completing diary questionnaires and wearing an actigraphy device. The results confirmed that social stressors from supervisors predicted more frequent sleep fragmentation and lower sleep efficiency the following night. Higher levels of daily time control at work predicted shorter sleep-onset latency and better self-reported sleep quality. Leisure time control as a covariate turned out to be a private resource, followed by fewer awakenings the following night. Detachment after work related negatively to social stressors and time pressure at work but was unrelated to indicators of sleep quality; detachment after work neither mediated nor moderated the relationship between social stressors from supervisors and sleep quality. Work redesign to increase time control and reduce social stressors is recommended to preserve daily recovery in railway employees. Practitioner summary: Sleep is important to renew health- and safety-related resources in railway employees. This diary and actigraphy study shows that higher daily work stressors were antecedents of lower sleep quality the following night, while more time control was followed by better sleep quality. Work redesign could promote health and safety by improving sleep quality.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maria Undine Kottwitz
- Department of Psychology, University of Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
- National Centre of Competence in Research, Affective Sciences, University of Geneva, CISA, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Achim Elfering
- Department of Psychology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- National Centre of Competence in Research, Affective Sciences, University of Geneva, CISA, Geneva, Switzerland
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DePasquale N, Crain T, Buxton OM, Zarit SH, Almeida DM. Tonight's Sleep Predicts Tomorrow's Fatigue: A Daily Diary Study of Long-Term Care Employees With Nonwork Caregiving Roles. THE GERONTOLOGIST 2019; 59:1065-1077. [PMID: 30657892 PMCID: PMC6858829 DOI: 10.1093/geront/gny176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Long-term care employees and employees with nonwork caregiving roles are at high risk for sleep problems and fatigue. Little is known, however, about relationships between sleep and fatigue among long-term care employees who occupy nonwork caregiving roles. This study examined whether longer sleep duration and better sleep quality reduce fatigue occurrence and severity within and between long-term care employees with nonwork caregiving roles, and investigated nonwork caregiving role occupancy as a moderator of these relationships. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS The sample comprised 166 women working in U.S.-based nursing homes. All women had children aged 9-17 years and some also had nonwork caregiving responsibilities for adult relatives. Sleep (duration and quality) and fatigue (occurrence and severity) were assessed via telephone interviews for eight consecutive evenings. Multilevel modeling was used to examine within-person and between-person associations. RESULTS At the within-person level, nights characterized by longer-than-usual sleep duration or better-than-usual sleep quality were followed by days with lower odds of reporting fatigue; these same sleep characteristics predicted less severe next-day fatigue. At the between-person level, employees with better average sleep quality, but not longer sleep duration, had lower odds of experiencing fatigue. Relationships between sleep and fatigue were generally similar regardless of nonwork caregiving responsibilities for children or for both children and adults. DISCUSSION AND IMPLICATIONS Findings suggest that tonight's sleep predicts tomorrow's fatigue. Given the serious and wide-ranging consequences of fatigue, sleep constitutes a worthwhile intervention target with potential benefits for employees, care recipients, and organizations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole DePasquale
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Tori Crain
- Department of Psychology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins
| | - Orfeu M Buxton
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park
| | - Steven H Zarit
- Department of Human Development & Family Studies, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park
| | - David M Almeida
- Department of Human Development & Family Studies, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park
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Nauman S, Malik SZ, Jalil F. How Workplace Bullying Jeopardizes Employees' Life Satisfaction: The Roles of Job Anxiety and Insomnia. Front Psychol 2019; 10:2292. [PMID: 31708827 PMCID: PMC6821672 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Drawing on conservation of resources (COR) theory, this study examined the underlying mechanism through which workplace bullying (WB) affects employees' life satisfaction via job-related anxiety and insomnia. Time-lagged data were collected at two points in time from 211 doctor interns working in various hospitals in Pakistan. Our results fully supported a proposed serial multiple-mediator model. Workplace bullying was indirectly related to life satisfaction via job-related anxiety and insomnia. This study provides evidence of a spillover effect as to how workplace bullying increases employees' job-related anxiety which in turn leads to insomnia resulting in reduced employees' life satisfaction. The present study extends research on workplace bullying to display its theoretical as well as empirical effects on life satisfaction. It demonstrates that workplace bullying as an occupational and psychological stressor has multiple effects on employees' life satisfaction through a serial mediation model in the context of a developing country. It further explains that workplace bullying not only affects an employee's workplace behaviors but also extends to the employee's overall life satisfaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shazia Nauman
- Riphah School of Business and Management, Riphah International University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sania Zahra Malik
- Institute of Business Administration (IBA), University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Faryal Jalil
- Institute of Quality and Technology Management (IQTM), University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
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Tariq H, Weng Q(D, Garavan TN, Obaid A, Hassan W. Another sleepless night: Does a leader's poor sleep lead to subordinate's poor sleep? A spillover/crossover perspective. J Sleep Res 2019; 29:e12904. [DOI: 10.1111/jsr.12904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Revised: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hussain Tariq
- NUST Business School National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST) Islamabad Pakistan
- School of Management University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui China
| | | | | | - Asfia Obaid
- NUST Business School National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST) Islamabad Pakistan
| | - Waseem Hassan
- NUST Business School National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST) Islamabad Pakistan
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Eshak ES. Work-to-family conflict rather than family-to-work conflict is more strongly associated with sleep disorders in Upper Egypt. INDUSTRIAL HEALTH 2019; 57:351-358. [PMID: 30101898 PMCID: PMC6546579 DOI: 10.2486/indhealth.2018-0091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
An important factor for which work and family compete is time. Due to lack of evidence, I investigated the associations between work-family conflict (assessed by the National Study of Midlife Development in the US) and sleep disorders (assessed by the Jenkins Sleep Questionnaire) in a cross-sectional study included 1,021 Egyptians aged 18-59 yr. Both work-to-family conflict (WFC) and family-to-work conflict (FWC) were associated with reduced sleep quantity. Moreover, high WFC was associated with sleep disorders; the multivariable ORs (95% CIs) were 2.32 (1.63-3.30) in high versus low WFC, 1.09 (0.79-1.49) in high versus low FWC and 2.41 (1.52-3.83) in high both WFC and FWC vs. low both WFC and FWC. Waking up too early with inability to fall asleep again and waking up tired after the usual amount of sleep were the most common sleep disturbances with high WFC; while insignificant increased risks for waking up several times per night and waking up tired after the usual amount of sleep were observed with high FWC. The study findings suggest the need for occupational and social health promotion programs to help men and women in labor force reach a balanced interaction between work and family life in order to reduce sleep complaints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehab Salah Eshak
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Egypt
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Japan
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Insomnia: An Important Antecedent Impacting Entrepreneurs’ Health. JOURNAL OF RISK AND FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/jrfm12010044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Insomnia (and sleep deprivation) has an important impact on multiple outcomes such as individuals’ cognitive abilities, decision-making, and affect. In this paper, drawing from sleep research, we focus on entrepreneurs’ insomnia–health relationship and test a serial mediation model that considers entrepreneurs’ insomnia as an important predictor of their poor health. More specifically, we hypothesize that insomnia heightens entrepreneurs’ stress, which leads to increased negative affect, which ultimately undermines their health conditions. Using a sample of 152 Iranian entrepreneurs, we found support for our hypotheses as our results suggest that insomnia has a positive (and detrimental) effect on poor health (via more stress and negative affect). Contrary to research calls focused on stress reduction as one performance improvement mechanism, our results suggest sleep quality as a more effective mechanism for entrepreneurs to reduce their stress and to improve their health. Theoretical and practical implications, limitations, and directions for future research are also discussed.
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Binns AV, Hutchinson LR, Cardy JO. The speech-language pathologist's role in supporting the development of self-regulation: A review and tutorial. JOURNAL OF COMMUNICATION DISORDERS 2019; 78:1-17. [PMID: 30605734 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcomdis.2018.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Revised: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Children's engagement in self-regulation is a strong and positive predictor of their social and academic success, making self-regulation an important focus for caregivers and clinicians. The aims of this article are to provide a framework for understanding self-regulation and to identify strategies speech-language pathologists can use to integrate self-regulation work into their clinical practice. METHOD Empirically supported considerations describing the developmental progression from co-regulation to self-regulation are outlined, and the effects of stress on self-regulation are discussed. A clinical framework is provided to guide speech-language pathologists in considering stress and self-regulation in their clinical work. Strategies are provided to a) support speech-language pathologists' employment of co-regulation as a method for mitigating the negative effects that stress can have on therapeutic efforts, and to b) support children's development of skills (i.e. executive functions, metacognition) required to actively self-regulate. CONCLUSION Given that children's ability to attain a state of regulation is integral to attending, engaging, and learning from their environment, the information provided in this tutorial can be used to inform and enhance current clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda V Binns
- Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Western University, London, Ontario, N6G 1H1, Canada.
| | - Lynda R Hutchinson
- King's University College at Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Janis Oram Cardy
- Communication Sciences and Disorders, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
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Breevaart K, Zacher H. Main and interactive effects of weekly transformational and laissez‐faire leadership on followers’ trust in the leader and leader effectiveness. JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ORGANIZATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/joop.12253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kimberley Breevaart
- Department of Psychology, Education, and Child Studies Group Organizational Psychology Erasmus University Rotterdam The Netherlands
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Carleton EL, Barling J. Adult attention deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms and passive leadership: The mediating role of daytime sleepiness. Stress Health 2018; 34:663-673. [PMID: 30187648 DOI: 10.1002/smi.2833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Revised: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Passive leadership is attracting empirical interest with the detrimental effects of this type of leadership on a broad array of individual and organizational outcomes becoming apparent. However, just why leaders would engage in this type of nonleadership has received less research attention. We investigate whether and how leaders' attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is associated with passive leadership. Using a framework specifying how the physiology of sleepiness impacts the workplace, we hypothesize that leaders' ADHD is associated with passive leadership indirectly through daytime sleepiness. After controlling for leaders' age, gender, and preclinical symptoms of depression and anxiety, standard ordinary least squares regression procedures were implemented through Hayes' PROCESS models. Multisource data from 98 leader-follower groups (M number of followers per leader = 4.38, SD = 1.78) showed that the effects of leaders' ADHD symptoms on passive leadership were mediated by daytime sleepiness. Conceptual, methodological, and practical implications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica L Carleton
- Edwards School of Business, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Julian Barling
- Smith School of Business, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
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Gombert L, Konze AK, Rivkin W, Schmidt KH. Protect Your Sleep When Work is Calling: How Work-Related Smartphone Use During Non-Work Time and Sleep Quality Impact Next-Day Self-Control Processes at Work. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15081757. [PMID: 30111762 PMCID: PMC6121948 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15081757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Revised: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In view of the rapid development of information and communication technologies, the present study sheds light on how work-related smartphone use during non-work time affects employees' subsequent working day. Specifically, we examine work-related smartphone use and sleep quality as moderators of next-day self-control processes at work. Theorizing that work-related smartphone use and self-control demands deplete a common limited regulatory resource, we suggest a strengthening two-way interaction between work-related smartphone use during non-work time and next-day self-control demands at work in predicting employees' ego depletion at work. Moreover, in a three-way interaction, we analyze whether this interaction depends on employees' sleep quality, assuming that when intensive work-related smartphone use is followed by high-quality sleep, the taxed regulatory resource can replenish overnight. Results from our diary study covering 10 working days (n = 63) indicate that after evenings with high work-related smartphone use, employees experience disproportionate levels of ego depletion when dealing with self-control demands at work. Sleep quality, however, attenuates this interaction. In cases of high sleep quality, next-day self-control processes at work are no longer affected by work-related smartphone use. Based on these findings, we discuss implications for employees and employers regarding work-related smartphone use and the relevance of sleep in replenishing drained resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilian Gombert
- Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors at the Technical University Dortmund, 44139 Dortmund, Germany.
| | - Anne-Kathrin Konze
- Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors at the Technical University Dortmund, 44139 Dortmund, Germany.
| | - Wladislaw Rivkin
- Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors at the Technical University Dortmund, 44139 Dortmund, Germany.
- Work and Organizational Psychology Department, Aston University, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK.
| | - Klaus-Helmut Schmidt
- Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors at the Technical University Dortmund, 44139 Dortmund, Germany.
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Welsh DT, Mai KM, Ellis AP, Christian MS. Overcoming the effects of sleep deprivation on unethical behavior: An extension of integrated self-control theory. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jesp.2018.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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