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Wang J, Zheng X, Lin J, Huang J, Zhang M, Huang P, Yang X. Real-world safety profile of zanubrutinib: a disproportionality analysis based on the FAERS database. BMJ Open 2024; 14:e084991. [PMID: 39419623 PMCID: PMC11487851 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2024-084991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 09/28/2024] [Indexed: 10/19/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Zanubrutinib is a second-generation Bruton's tyrosine kinase inhibitor that has been approved for the treatment of several B cell malignancies. The aim of this study was to evaluate adverse events (AEs) associated with zanubrutinib based on the real-world data. DESIGN A disproportionality analysis was performed to identify the potential zanubrutinib-related AEs. SETTING The Food and Drug Administration AE Reporting System database from the fourth quarter of 2019 to the third quarter of 2023. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The results of the disproportionality analyses were presented as reported ORs (RORs). When the lower limit of the 95% CI for the ROR is greater than 1 and the number of AE reports is≥3, it indicates that the preferred term (PT) may be a positive AE signal. RESULTS A total of 846 AE reports with zanubrutinib as the primary suspect drug were obtained, with 2826 AEs. A total of 74 positive PT signals were detected across 18 system organ classes (SOCs). The most significant signal for SOC was 'blood and lymphatic system disorders' (ROR=2.8, 95% CI 2.3 to 3.3), while the most significant signal for PT was 'haemorrhage subcutaneous' (ROR=190.8, 95% CI 128.0 to 284.5). 13 unexpected off-label AEs were also observed, such as abnormal hair texture, skin discolouration, hypernatraemia, pericardial effusion and hypersomnia. The median time to onset of AEs associated with zanubrutinib was 51 days (IQR 13-192 days) and was consistent with the early failure model. In comparison with zanubrutinib monotherapy, the combination of zanubrutinib and rituximab therapy was linked to a higher risk of specific AEs, including myelosuppression, pneumonia, leucopenia, thrombocytopenia, abdominal pain, anaemia, pancytopenia and respiratory failure. Furthermore, the combination of zanubrutinib and chemotherapy increased the risk of several severe AEs, such as cardiac arrest, elevated blood lactate dehydrogenase levels and pancytopenia. CONCLUSIONS The results of the analysis provided valuable insights into the safety profile of zanubrutinib-treated patients, which was helpful for clinical monitoring and identifying potential AEs related to zanubrutinib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangfeng Wang
- Center for Clinical Pharmacy, Cancer Center, Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital (Affiliated People’s Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Pharmaceutical Services, Ipharmacare Ltd, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaochun Zheng
- Center for Clinical Pharmacy, Cancer Center, Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital (Affiliated People’s Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingyang Lin
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jinlong Huang
- Center for Clinical Pharmacy, Cancer Center, Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital (Affiliated People’s Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
- Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Miaomiao Zhang
- Center for Clinical Pharmacy, Cancer Center, Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital (Affiliated People’s Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
- Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ping Huang
- Center for Clinical Pharmacy, Cancer Center, Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital (Affiliated People’s Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiuli Yang
- Center for Clinical Pharmacy, Cancer Center, Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital (Affiliated People’s Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
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Rodriguez Moore G, Melo-Escobar I, Stegner D, Bracko O. One immune cell to bind them all: platelet contribution to neurodegenerative disease. Mol Neurodegener 2024; 19:65. [PMID: 39334369 PMCID: PMC11438031 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-024-00754-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 09/10/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) and related dementias (ADRD) collectively affect a significant portion of the aging population worldwide. The pathological progression of AD involves not only the classical hallmarks of amyloid beta (Aβ) plaque buildup and neurofibrillary tangle development but also the effects of vasculature and chronic inflammatory processes. Recently, platelets have emerged as central players in systemic and neuroinflammation. Studies have shown that patients with altered platelet receptor expression exhibit accelerated cognitive decline independent of traditional risk factors. Additionally, platelets from AD patients exhibit heightened unstimulated activation compared to control groups. Platelet granules contain crucial AD-related proteins like tau and amyloid precursor protein (APP). Dysregulation of platelet exocytosis contributes to disease phenotypes characterized by increased bleeding, stroke, and cognitive decline risk. Recent studies have indicated that these effects are not associated with the quantity of platelets present in circulation. This underscores the hypothesis that disruptions in platelet-mediated inflammation and healing processes may play a crucial role in the development of ADRD. A thorough look at platelets, encompassing their receptors, secreted molecules, and diverse roles in inflammatory interactions with other cells in the circulatory system in AD and ADRD, holds promising prospects for disease management and intervention. This review discusses the pivotal roles of platelets in ADRD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Isabel Melo-Escobar
- Department of Biology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, 33146, USA
- Neuroscience Program, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - David Stegner
- Institute for Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Rudolf Virchow Center for Integrative and Translational Bioimaging, Julius-Maximilians University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Oliver Bracko
- Department of Biology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, 33146, USA.
- Department of Neurology, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.
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Lefèbre J, Falk T, Ning Y, Rademacher C. Secondary Sites of the C-type Lectin-Like Fold. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202400660. [PMID: 38527187 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202400660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
C-type lectins are a large superfamily of proteins involved in a multitude of biological processes. In particular, their involvement in immunity and homeostasis has rendered them attractive targets for diverse therapeutic interventions. They share a characteristic C-type lectin-like domain whose adaptability enables them to bind a broad spectrum of ligands beyond the originally defined canonical Ca2+-dependent carbohydrate binding. Together with variable domain architecture and high-level conformational plasticity, this enables C-type lectins to meet diverse functional demands. Secondary sites provide another layer of regulation and are often intricately linked to functional diversity. Located remote from the canonical primary binding site, secondary sites can accommodate ligands with other physicochemical properties and alter protein dynamics, thus enhancing selectivity and enabling fine-tuning of the biological response. In this review, we outline the structural determinants allowing C-type lectins to perform a large variety of tasks and to accommodate the ligands associated with it. Using the six well-characterized Ca2+-dependent and Ca2+-independent C-type lectin receptors DC-SIGN, langerin, MGL, dectin-1, CLEC-2 and NKG2D as examples, we focus on the characteristics of non-canonical interactions and secondary sites and their potential use in drug discovery endeavors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Lefèbre
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Vienna Doctoral School of Pharmaceutical, Nutritional and Sport, Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, University of Vienna, Max F. Perutz Labs, Vienna, Austria
| | - Torben Falk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Vienna Doctoral School of Pharmaceutical, Nutritional and Sport, Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, University of Vienna, Max F. Perutz Labs, Vienna, Austria
| | - Yunzhan Ning
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Vienna Doctoral School of Pharmaceutical, Nutritional and Sport, Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, University of Vienna, Max F. Perutz Labs, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christoph Rademacher
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, University of Vienna, Max F. Perutz Labs, Vienna, Austria
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Suzuki-Inoue K, Tsukiji N. A role of platelet C-type lectin-like receptor-2 and its ligand podoplanin in vascular biology. Curr Opin Hematol 2024; 31:130-139. [PMID: 38359177 DOI: 10.1097/moh.0000000000000805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Platelets are essential for hemostasis and are also vital in lymphatic and lung development and the maintenance of vascular integrity. Platelet activation receptor C-type lectin-like receptor 2 (CLEC-2) and its endogenous ligand podoplanin (PDPN) in lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) and other cells regulate these processes. This review aims to comprehensively summarize the roles of platelet CLEC-2 and PDPN. This review also focuses on discussing the underlying mechanisms by which platelet CLEC-2 and PDPN mediate blood/lymphatic separation. FINDINGS CLEC-2/PDPN-induced platelet activation in the primary lymph sacs, developmental lymphovenous junctions, neonatal mesentery, and the site of tumor lymphangiogenesis prevents blood/lymphatic vessel misconnection. Further, CLEC-2/PDPN-induced platelet activation is essential for lung development. Mice deficient in CLEC-2 or PDPN show blood-filled lymphatics, lung malformations, and cerebrovascular abnormalities. CLEC-2 deletion in steady-state adult mice did not result in blood/lymphatic vessel mixing. In adulthood, CLEC-2 maintains vascular integrity and that of high endothelial venules in lymph nodes. CLEC-2 deletion in adulthood results in hemorrhage under inflammatory conditions, and hemolymph nodes. SUMMARY The platelet CLEC-2/LEC PDPN interaction prevents blood/lymphatic vessel mixing at active remodeling sites of the blood/lymphatic system, but not in steady-state adult mice. This interaction also regulates vascular integrity when vascular permeability increases before and after birth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsue Suzuki-Inoue
- Department of Clinical and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Yamanashi, Japan
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Sheng M, Sun R, Fu J, Lu G. The podoplanin-CLEC-2 interaction promotes platelet-mediated melanoma pulmonary metastasis. BMC Cancer 2024; 24:399. [PMID: 38561690 PMCID: PMC10983743 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-024-12194-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Podoplanin (PDPN) expressed on tumour cells interacts with platelet C-type lectin-like receptor 2 (CLEC-2). This study aimed to investigate the role of the PDPN-platelet CLEC-2 interaction in melanoma pulmonary metastasis. METHODS Murine melanoma B16-F0 cells, which have two populations that express podoplanin, were sorted by FACS with anti-podoplanin staining to obtain purified PDPN + and PDPN- B16-F0 cells. C57BL/6J mice transplanted with CLEC-2-deficient bone marrow cells were used for in vivo experiments. RESULTS The in vivo data showed that the number of metastatic lung nodules in WT mice injected with PDPN + cells was significantly higher than that in WT mice injected with PDPN- cells and in WT or CLEC-2 KO mice injected with PDPN- cells. In addition, our results revealed that the platelet Syk-dependent signalling pathway contributed to platelet aggregation and melanoma metastasis. CONCLUSIONS Our study indicates that the PDPN-CLEC-2 interaction promotes experimental pulmonary metastasis in a mouse melanoma model. Tumour cell-induced platelet aggregation mediated by the interaction between PDPN and CLEC-2 is a key factor in melanoma pulmonary metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minjia Sheng
- Reproductive Medicine Center, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
| | - Ran Sun
- Reproductive Medicine Center, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jianxin Fu
- Cardiovascular Biology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, 73104, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Central Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, 215006, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Gao Lu
- Reproductive Medicine Center, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Shirai T, Tsukiji N, Sasaki T, Oishi S, Yokomori R, Takano K, Suzuki-Inoue K. Cancer-associated fibroblasts promote venous thrombosis through podoplanin/CLEC-2 interaction in podoplanin-negative lung cancer mouse model. J Thromb Haemost 2023; 21:3153-3165. [PMID: 37473844 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtha.2023.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer-associated thrombosis (CAT) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are a prominent component of the tumor microenvironment that contributes to cancer progression through direct cell-cell interactions and the release of extracellular vesicles (EVs). However, the role of CAFs in CAT remains unclear. OBJECTIVE This study aims to investigate whether CAFs aggravate CAT and the underlying molecular mechanism using a preclinical mouse lung cancer model. METHODS We designed a Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) tumor-bearing mouse model. CAFs were characterized using fluorescence immunohistostaining. The presence of podoplanin, a platelet-activating membrane protein through C-type lectin-like receptor 2 (CLEC-2), in EVs isolated from primary CAFs or LLC tumor tissues was assessed by immunoblotting. The platelet activation and aggregation abilities of the EVs were quantified using flow cytometry. Podoplanin plasma levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Venous thrombosis was induced in the femoral vein using 2.5% ferric chloride. The anti-CLEC-2 monoclonal antibody 2A2B10 was used to deplete CLEC-2 on the surface of the platelets. RESULTS CAFs expressing CD90, PDGFRβ, HSP47, CD34, and vimentin, co-expressed podoplanin and induced platelet activation and aggregation in a CLEC-2-dependent manner. Tumor-bearing mice showed elevated podoplanin plasma levels. CAF-EV injection and tumor-bearing mice showed shorter occlusion time in the venous thrombosis model. Although tumor growth was not altered, antibody-induced CLEC-2 depletion suppressed venous thrombosis in the tumor-bearing state but not in the healthy condition. CONCLUSION CAFs and CAF-derived EVs induce CLEC-2-dependent platelet aggregation and aggravate venous thrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiaki Shirai
- Department of Clinical and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Japan
| | - Nagaharu Tsukiji
- Department of Clinical and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Sasaki
- Department of Clinical and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Japan
| | - Saori Oishi
- Department of Clinical and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Japan
| | - Ryohei Yokomori
- Department of Clinical and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Japan
| | - Katsuhiro Takano
- Department of Transfusion and Cell Therapy, University of Yamanashi Hospital, Chuo, Japan
| | - Katsue Suzuki-Inoue
- Department of Clinical and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Japan; Department of Transfusion and Cell Therapy, University of Yamanashi Hospital, Chuo, Japan.
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Tsukiji N, Suzuki-Inoue K. Impact of Hemostasis on the Lymphatic System in Development and Disease. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2023; 43:1747-1754. [PMID: 37534465 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.123.318824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Lymphatic vessels form a systemic network that maintains interstitial fluid homeostasis and regulates immune responses and is strictly separated from the circulatory system. During embryonic development, lymphatic endothelial cells originate from blood vascular endothelial cells in the cardinal veins and form lymph sacs. Platelets are critical for separating lymph sacs from the cardinal veins through interactions between CLEC-2 (C-type lectin-like receptor-2) and PDPN (podoplanin) in lymphatic endothelial cells. Therefore, deficiencies of these genes cause blood-filled lymphatic vessels, leading to abnormal lymphatic vessel maturation. The junction between the thoracic duct and the subclavian vein has valves and forms physiological thrombi dependent on CLEC-2/PDPN signaling to prevent blood backflow into the thoracic duct. In addition, platelets regulate lymphangiogenesis and maintain blood/lymphatic separation in pathological conditions, such as wound healing and inflammatory diseases. More recently, it was reported that the entire hemostatic system is involved in lymphangiogenesis. Thus, the hemostatic system plays a crucial role in the establishment, maintenance, and rearrangement of lymphatic networks and contributes to body fluid homeostasis, which suggests that the hemostatic system is a potential target for treating lymphatic disorders. This review comprehensively summarizes the role of the hemostatic system in lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic vessel function and discusses challenges and future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagaharu Tsukiji
- Department of Clinical and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Katsue Suzuki-Inoue
- Department of Clinical and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Japan
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Krott KJ, Feige T, Elvers M. Flow Chamber Analyses in Cardiovascular Research: Impact of Platelets and the Intercellular Crosstalk with Endothelial Cells, Leukocytes, and Red Blood Cells. Hamostaseologie 2023; 43:338-347. [PMID: 37857296 DOI: 10.1055/a-2113-1134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Platelets are main drivers of thrombus formation. Besides platelet aggregate formation, platelets interact with different blood cells such as red blood and white blood cells (RBCs, WBCs) and endothelial cells (ECs), to promote thrombus formation and inflammation. In the past, the role of different proteins in platelet adhesion, activation, and aggregate formation has been analyzed using platelets/mice with a genetic loss of a certain protein. These knock-out mouse models have been investigated for changes in experimental arterial thrombosis or hemostasis. In this review, we focused on the Maastricht flow chamber, which is a very elegant tool to analyze thrombus formation under flow using whole blood or different blood cell components of genetically modified mice. Besides, the interaction of platelets with RBCs, WBCs, and ECs under flow conditions has been evaluated with regard to thrombus formation and platelet-mediated inflammation. Importantly, alterations in thrombus formation as emerged in the flow chamber frequently reflect arterial thrombosis in different mouse models. Thus, the results of flow chamber experiments in vitro are excellent indicators for differences in arterial thrombosis in vivo. Taken together, the Maastricht flow chamber can be used to (1) determine the severity of platelet alterations in different knock-out mice; (2) analyze differences in platelet adhesion, aggregation, and activation; (3) investigate collagen and non-collagen-dependent alterations of thrombus formation; and (4) highlight differences in the interaction of platelets with different blood/ECs. Thus, this experimental approach is a useful tool to increase our understanding of signaling mechanisms that drive arterial thrombosis and hemostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim Jürgen Krott
- Department of Vascular- and Endovascular Surgery, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Tobias Feige
- Department of Vascular- and Endovascular Surgery, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Margitta Elvers
- Department of Vascular- and Endovascular Surgery, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
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Uchiyama S, Suzuki-Inoue K, Wada H, Okada Y, Hirano T, Nagao T, Kinouchi H, Itabashi R, Hoshino H, Oki K, Honma Y, Ito N, Sugimori H, Kawamura M. Soluble C-type lectin-like receptor 2 in stroke (CLECSTRO) study: protocol of a multicentre, prospective cohort of a novel platelet activation marker in acute ischaemic stroke and transient ischaemic attack. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e073708. [PMID: 37723115 PMCID: PMC10510909 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-073708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Soluble C-type lectin-like receptor 2 (sCLEC-2) is a new biomarker for platelet activation, which can be easily measured by usual blood collection. We conducted the CLECSTRO, a prospective, observational cohort study, to evaluate the clinical implications of sCLEC-2 in patients with acute ischaemic stroke (AIS) and transient ischaemic attack (TIA). METHODS AND ANALYSIS The participants are patients with AIS/TIA and control patients required for differentiation from AIS/TIA. The target population is 600, including the patients and controls, who would be recruited from eight stroke centres across Japan. The inclusion criteria are AIS within 24 hours of onset and a modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score of 0-2, TIA within 7 days of onset, and contemporary patients required for differentiation from AIS/TIA. Plasma sCLEC-2 will be measured by high-sensitive chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay using residual blood samples from routine laboratory examinations at the first visit in all patients and 7 days later or at discharge in patients with AIS/TIA. The outcomes include plasma levels of sCLEC-2 in patients with AIS/TIA and controls, sCLEC-2/D-dimer ratio in non-cardioembolic and cardioembolic AIS/TIA, correlation of sCLEC-2 with recurrence or worsening of stroke, severity of stroke, infarct size, ABCD2 score in TIA and outcome (mRS) at 7 days and 3 months. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION This study was approved by the Ethical Committee of the University of Yamanashi as the central ethical committee in agreement with the ethical committees of all collaborative stroke centres. Informed consent will be obtained by an opt-out form from the patients at each stroke centre according to the Ethical Guidelines for Medical and Biological Research Involving Human Subjects by the Japanese Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBERS NCT05579405, UMIN000048954.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinichiro Uchiyama
- Clinical Research Center for Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Katsue Suzuki-Inoue
- Department of Clinical and Laboratory Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Japan
| | - Hideo Wada
- Department of General and Laboratory Medicine, Mie Prefectural General Medical Centre, Yokkaichi, Japan
| | - Yasushi Okada
- Department of Cerebrovascular Medicine and Neurology, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Medical Centre, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Teruyuki Hirano
- Department of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Medicine, Kyorin University, Mitaka, Japan
| | - Takehiko Nagao
- Department of Neurology, Nippon Medical School Musashikosugi Hospital, Kawasaki, Japan
| | | | - Ryo Itabashi
- Division of Neurology & Gerontology, Iwate Medical University, Shiwa, Japan
| | - Haruhiko Hoshino
- Department of Neurology, Tokyo Saiseikai Central Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koichi Oki
- Department of Neurology, Tokyo Saiseikai Central Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yutaka Honma
- Department of Neurology, Showa General Hospital, Kodaira, Japan
| | - Nobuo Ito
- Department of Neurology, Mie Prefectural General Medical Centre, Yokkaichi, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Sugimori
- Department of Cerebrovascular Medicine and Neurology, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Medical Centre, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masahide Kawamura
- Department of Research and Development, LSI Medience Corporation, Tokyo, Japan
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Zhang Y, Zhang X, Xu X, Guo X, Xu S, Ma S, Chen J, Qi X. Association of C-type lectin-like receptor 2 and galectin-1 with portal vein system thrombosis in HBV-related liver cirrhosis. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1228636. [PMID: 37720512 PMCID: PMC10501130 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1228636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and aims Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is the most common cause of liver cirrhosis. Portal venous system thrombosis (PVST) is a major complication of liver cirrhosis. Recently, it has been shown that C-type lectin-like receptor 2 (CLEC-2) and galectin-1 participate in the activation and aggregation of platelets, thereby promoting the development of thrombosis. This cross-sectional study aims to evaluate the association of serum CLEC-2 and galectin-1 levels with PVST in patients with HBV-related liver cirrhosis. Methods Overall, 65 patients with HBV-related liver cirrhosis were included, of whom 23 had PVST and 42 did not have. Serum CLEC-2 and galectin-1 levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits. PVST was assessed by contrast-enhanced computed tomography and/or magnetic resonance imaging scans. Subgroup analyses were conducted according to the degree and location of PVST. Results Patients with PVST had significantly higher serum CLEC-2 (p = 0.006) and galectin-1 (p = 0.009) levels than those without. Patients with partial/complete PVST or fibrotic cord (p = 0.007; p = 0.002), but not those with mural PVST (p = 0.199; p = 0.797), had significantly higher serum CLEC-2 and galectin-1 levels than those without PVST. Patients with superior mesenteric vein thrombosis had significantly higher serum CLEC-2 (p = 0.013) and galectin-1 (p = 0.025) levels than those without PVST. Patients with main portal vein thrombosis had higher serum CLEC-2 (p = 0.020) and galectin-1 (p = 0.066) levels than those without PVST, but the difference in serum galectin-1 level was not significant between them. Conclusion Serum CLEC-2 and galectin-1 levels may be associated with the presence of PVST in HBV-related cirrhotic patients, but this association should be dependent upon the degree of PVST.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyan Zhang
- Liver Cirrhosis Study Group, Department of Gastroenterology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
- Postgraduate College, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xintong Zhang
- Chinese People’s Liberation Army General Hospital, Chinese People’s Liberation Army Medical School, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangbo Xu
- Liver Cirrhosis Study Group, Department of Gastroenterology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
- Postgraduate College, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaozhong Guo
- Liver Cirrhosis Study Group, Department of Gastroenterology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
| | - Shixue Xu
- Liver Cirrhosis Study Group, Department of Gastroenterology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
- Postgraduate College, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Shaoze Ma
- Liver Cirrhosis Study Group, Department of Gastroenterology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
- Postgraduate College, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Jihong Chen
- Liver Cirrhosis Study Group, Department of Gastroenterology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
- Postgraduate College, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Xingshun Qi
- Liver Cirrhosis Study Group, Department of Gastroenterology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
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Borba-Junior IT, Lima F, Sidarta-Oliveira D, Moraes CRP, Annichino-Bizzacchi JM, Bombassaro B, Palma AC, Costa FTM, Moretti ML, Mansour E, Velloso LA, Orsi FA, De Paula EV. Podoplanin and CLEC-2 levels in patients with COVID-19. Res Pract Thromb Haemost 2023; 7:100282. [PMID: 37361399 PMCID: PMC10284445 DOI: 10.1016/j.rpth.2023.100282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Podoplanin (PDPN gene) and CLEC-2 are involved in inflammatory hemostasis and have also been related with the pathogenesis of thrombosis. Emerging evidence also suggest that podoplanin can exert protective effects in sepsis and in acute lung injury. In lungs, podoplanin is co-expressed with ACE2, which is the main entry receptor for SARS-CoV-2. Aim To explore the role of podoplanin and CLEC-2 in COVID-19. Methods Circulating levels of podoplanin and CLEC-2 were measured in 30 consecutive COVID-19 patients admitted due to hypoxia, and in 30 age- and sex-matched healthy individuals. Podoplanin expression in lungs from patients who died of COVID-19 was obtained from two independent public databases of single-cell RNAseq from which data from control lungs were also available. Results Circulating podoplanin levels were lower in COVID-19, while no difference was observed in CLEC-2 levels. Podoplanin levels were significantly inversely correlated with markers of coagulation, fibrinolysis and innate immunity. scRNAseq data confirmed that PDPN is co-expressed with ACE2 in pneumocytes, and showed that PDPN expression is lower in this cell compartment in lungs from patients with COVID-19. Conclusion Circulating levels of podoplanin are lower in COVID-19, and the magnitude of this reduction is correlated with hemostasis activation. We also demonstrate the downregulation of PDPN at the transcription level in pneumocytes. Together, our exploratory study questions whether an acquired podoplanin deficiency could be involved in the pathogenesis of acute lung injury in COVID-19, and warrant additional studies to confirm and refine these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Franciele Lima
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | | | | | - Joyce M. Annichino-Bizzacchi
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
- Hematology and Hemotherapy Center, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Bruna Bombassaro
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - André C. Palma
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | | | | | - Eli Mansour
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Lício Augusto Velloso
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
- Obesity and Comorbidities Center, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Andrade Orsi
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
- Hematology and Hemotherapy Center, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Erich Vinicius De Paula
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
- Hematology and Hemotherapy Center, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
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12
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Jing Q, Yuan C, Zhou C, Jin W, Wang A, Wu Y, Shang W, Zhang G, Ke X, Du J, Li Y, Shao F. Comprehensive analysis identifies CLEC1B as a potential prognostic biomarker in hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Cell Int 2023; 23:113. [PMID: 37308868 PMCID: PMC10262401 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-023-02939-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND C-type lectin domain family 1 member B (CLEC1B, encoding the CLEC-2 protein), a member of the C-type lectin superfamily, is a type II transmembrane receptor involved in platelet activation, angiogenesis, and immune and inflammatory responses. However, data regarding its function and clinical prognostic value in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain scarce. METHODS The expression of CLEC1B was explored using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases. RT-qPCR, western blot, and immunohistochemistry assays were employed to validate the downregulation of CLEC1B. Univariate Cox regression and survival analyses were used to evaluate the prognostic value of CLEC1B. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) was conducted to investigate the potential association between cancer hallmarks and CLEC1B expression. The TISIDB database was applied to search for the correlation between immune cell infiltration levels and CLEC1B expression. The association between CLEC1B and immunomodulators was conducted by Spearman correlation analysis based on the Sangerbox platform. Annexin V-FITC/PI apoptosis kit was used for the detection of cell apoptosis. RESULTS The expression of CLEC1B was low in various tumors and exhibited a promising clinical prognostic value for HCC patients. The expression level of CLEC1B was tightly associated with the infiltration of various immune cells in the HCC tumor microenvironment (TME) and positively correlated with a bulk of immunomodulators. In addition, CLEC1B and its related genes or interacting proteins are implicated in multiple immune-related processes and signaling pathways. Moreover, overexpression of CLEC1B significantly influenced the treatment effects of sorafenib on HCC cells. CONCLUSIONS Our results reveal that CLEC1B could serve as a potential prognostic biomarker and may be a novel immunoregulator for HCC. However, its function in immune regulation should be further explored.
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Grants
- 2021KY077, 2022KY503, 2022KY046, 2022KY074, 2022KY290 Medical and Health Science and Technology Project of Zhejiang Province
- 2021KY077, 2022KY503, 2022KY046, 2022KY074, 2022KY290 Medical and Health Science and Technology Project of Zhejiang Province
- 2021KY077, 2022KY503, 2022KY046, 2022KY074, 2022KY290 Medical and Health Science and Technology Project of Zhejiang Province
- 2020ZA098, 2021ZB245 Traditional Chinese Medicine Science and Technology Project of Zhejiang Province
- 2020ZA098, 2021ZB245 Traditional Chinese Medicine Science and Technology Project of Zhejiang Province
- LGF21H010008, LGF20H080005, LBY23H080004, LGF22H080008 Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China
- LGF21H010008, LGF20H080005, LBY23H080004, LGF22H080008 Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China
- LGF21H010008, LGF20H080005, LBY23H080004, LGF22H080008 Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiangan Jing
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Central Laboratory, Affiliated Hangzhou first people's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chen Yuan
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chaoting Zhou
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Weidong Jin
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Aiwei Wang
- Department of Hematology, The first people's Hospital of Fuyang Hangzhou, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yanfang Wu
- Department of Hematology, The first people's Hospital of Fuyang Hangzhou, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wenzhong Shang
- Department of Hematology, The first people's Hospital of Fuyang Hangzhou, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Guibing Zhang
- Department of Hematology, The first people's Hospital of Fuyang Hangzhou, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xia Ke
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jing Du
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Yanchun Li
- Department of Central Laboratory, Affiliated Hangzhou first people's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Fangchun Shao
- Cancer Center, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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13
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Clark JC, Martin EM, Morán LA, Di Y, Wang X, Zuidscherwoude M, Brown HC, Kavanagh DM, Hummert J, Eble JA, Nieswandt B, Stegner D, Pollitt AY, Herten DP, Tomlinson MG, García A, Watson SP. Divalent nanobodies to platelet CLEC-2 can serve as agonists or antagonists. Commun Biol 2023; 6:376. [PMID: 37029319 PMCID: PMC10082178 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-04766-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023] Open
Abstract
CLEC-2 is a target for a new class of antiplatelet agent. Clustering of CLEC-2 leads to phosphorylation of a cytosolic YxxL and binding of the tandem SH2 domains in Syk, crosslinking two receptors. We have raised 48 nanobodies to CLEC-2 and crosslinked the most potent of these to generate divalent and tetravalent nanobody ligands. Fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS) was used to show that the multivalent nanobodies cluster CLEC-2 in the membrane and that clustering is reduced by inhibition of Syk. Strikingly, the tetravalent nanobody stimulated aggregation of human platelets, whereas the divalent nanobody was an antagonist. In contrast, in human CLEC-2 knock-in mouse platelets, the divalent nanobody stimulated aggregation. Mouse platelets express a higher level of CLEC-2 than human platelets. In line with this, the divalent nanobody was an agonist in high-expressing transfected DT40 cells and an antagonist in low-expressing cells. FCS, stepwise photobleaching and non-detergent membrane extraction show that CLEC-2 is a mixture of monomers and dimers, with the degree of dimerisation increasing with expression thereby favouring crosslinking of CLEC-2 dimers. These results identify ligand valency, receptor expression/dimerisation and Syk as variables that govern activation of CLEC-2 and suggest that divalent ligands should be considered as partial agonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanne C Clark
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Level 1 IBR, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
- Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), The Universities of Birmingham and Nottingham, The Midlands, UK.
| | - Eleyna M Martin
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Level 1 IBR, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Luis A Morán
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Level 1 IBR, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
- Centre for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Ying Di
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Level 1 IBR, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Xueqing Wang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Level 1 IBR, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
- Centre for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Malou Zuidscherwoude
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Level 1 IBR, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
- Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), The Universities of Birmingham and Nottingham, The Midlands, UK
| | - Helena C Brown
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Level 1 IBR, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine I, University Hospital and Rudolf Virchow Center for Integrative and Translational Bioimaging, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Deirdre M Kavanagh
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 QU3, UK
| | - Johan Hummert
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Level 1 IBR, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
- Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), The Universities of Birmingham and Nottingham, The Midlands, UK
| | - Johannes A Eble
- Institute for Physiological Chemistry & Pathobiochemistry, University of Münster, Waldeyerstraße 15, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Bernhard Nieswandt
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine I, University Hospital and Rudolf Virchow Center for Integrative and Translational Bioimaging, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - David Stegner
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine I, University Hospital and Rudolf Virchow Center for Integrative and Translational Bioimaging, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Alice Y Pollitt
- Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, RG6 6AS, UK
| | - Dirk-Peter Herten
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Level 1 IBR, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
- Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), The Universities of Birmingham and Nottingham, The Midlands, UK
| | - Michael G Tomlinson
- Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), The Universities of Birmingham and Nottingham, The Midlands, UK
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Angel García
- Centre for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Steve P Watson
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Level 1 IBR, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
- Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), The Universities of Birmingham and Nottingham, The Midlands, UK.
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14
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Brown HC, Beck S, Navarro S, Di Y, Soriano Jerez EM, Kaczmarzyk J, Thomas SG, Mirakaj V, Watson SP, Nieswandt B, Stegner D. Antibody-mediated depletion of human CLEC-2 in a novel humanized mouse model. Blood Adv 2023; 7:997-1000. [PMID: 36044387 PMCID: PMC10027499 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2021006463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Helena C. Brown
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine I, University Hospital and Rudolf Virchow Center for Integrative and Translational Bioimaging, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah Beck
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine I, University Hospital and Rudolf Virchow Center for Integrative and Translational Bioimaging, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Stefano Navarro
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine I, University Hospital and Rudolf Virchow Center for Integrative and Translational Bioimaging, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Ying Di
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Eva M. Soriano Jerez
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine I, University Hospital and Rudolf Virchow Center for Integrative and Translational Bioimaging, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
- Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Jana Kaczmarzyk
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine I, University Hospital and Rudolf Virchow Center for Integrative and Translational Bioimaging, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Steven G. Thomas
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors, Universities of Birmingham and Nottingham, The Midlands, United Kingdom
| | - Valbona Mirakaj
- Division of Molecular Intensive Care Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Eberhard - Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Steve P. Watson
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors, Universities of Birmingham and Nottingham, The Midlands, United Kingdom
| | - Bernhard Nieswandt
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine I, University Hospital and Rudolf Virchow Center for Integrative and Translational Bioimaging, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - David Stegner
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine I, University Hospital and Rudolf Virchow Center for Integrative and Translational Bioimaging, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
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15
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Li L, Xu X, Lv K, Zheng G, Wang H, Chen S, Huang L, Liu Y, Zhang Y, Tang Z, Zhang L, Wang J, Qiao J, Li H, Wang X, Yao G, Fang C. Asebogenin suppresses thrombus formation via inhibition of Syk phosphorylation. Br J Pharmacol 2023; 180:287-307. [PMID: 36166754 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Thrombosis is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Platelet activation by exposed collagen through glycoprotein VI (GPVI) and formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are critical pathogenic factors for arterial and venous thrombosis. Both events are regulated by spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk)-mediated signalling events. Asebogenin is a dihydrochalcone whose pharmacological effects remain largely unknown. This study aims to investigate the antithrombotic effects of asebogenin and the underlying molecular mechanisms. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Platelet aggregation was assessed using an aggregometer. Platelet P-selectin exposure, integrin activation and calcium mobilization were determined by flow cytometry. NETs formation was assessed by SYTOX Green staining and immunohistochemistry. Quantitative phosphoproteomics, microscale thermophoresis, in vitro kinase assay and molecular docking combined with dynamics simulation were performed to characterize the targets of asebogenin. The in vivo effects of asebogenin on arterial thrombosis were investigated using FeCl3 -induced and laser-induced injury models, whereas those of venous thrombosis were induced by stenosis of the inferior vena cava. KEY RESULTS Asebogenin inhibited a series of GPVI-induced platelet responses and suppressed NETs formation induced by proinflammatory stimuli. Mechanistically, asebogenin directly interfered with the phosphorylation of Syk at Tyr525/526, which is important for its activation. Further, asebogenin suppressed arterial thrombosis demonstrated by decreased platelet accumulation and fibrin generation and attenuated venous thrombosis determined by reduced neutrophil accumulation and NETs formation, without increasing bleeding risk. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS Asebogenin exhibits potent antithrombotic effects by targeting Syk and is a potential lead compound for the development of efficient and safe antithrombotic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xulin Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Keyu Lv
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Guijuan Zheng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Shuai Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Lang Huang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yi Liu
- DeepKinase Biotechnologies Ltd., Beijing, China
| | | | - Zhaoming Tang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Lili Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jinyu Wang
- School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,The Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration of Hubei Province, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jianlin Qiao
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hongliang Li
- Laboratory of Chinese Herbal Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China.,Biomedical Research Institute, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Xuanbin Wang
- Laboratory of Chinese Herbal Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China.,Biomedical Research Institute, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Guangmin Yao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Chao Fang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,The Key Laboratory for Drug Target Researches and Pharmacodynamic Evaluation of Hubei Province, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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16
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Patel D, Thankachan S, Sreeram S, Kavitha KP, Suresh PS. The role of tumor-educated platelets in ovarian cancer: A comprehensive review and update. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 241:154267. [PMID: 36509009 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2022.154267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Platelets have recently surfaced as critical players in cancer metastasis and the local and systemic responses to tumor growth. The emerging concept of "Tumor-educated platelets (TEPs)" comprises the exchange of biomolecules between tumor cells and platelets, thereby leading to the "education" of platelets. Increased platelet numbers have long been associated with cancer patients' tumor metastasis and poor clinical prognosis. However, it is very recently that researchers have delved deeper into the tumor-microenvironment and probed the mechanism of interactions between tumor cells and platelets. Designing strategies to target the TEPs and the communications between platelets and tumor cells can prove to be a promising breakthrough in cancer therapy. Through this review, we aim to analyze the recent developments in this field and discuss the characteristics of TEPs, focusing on ovarian cancer-associated TEPs and their characteristics, the interplay between ovarian cancer-associated TEPs and cancer cells, and the purview of TEP-targeted cancer diagnosis and therapy, including platelet biomarkers and inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimple Patel
- School of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology, Calicut 673601, Kerala, India
| | - Sanu Thankachan
- School of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology, Calicut 673601, Kerala, India
| | - Saraswathy Sreeram
- Department of Pathology, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - K P Kavitha
- Department of Pathology, Aster MIMS Calicut, India
| | - Padmanaban S Suresh
- School of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology, Calicut 673601, Kerala, India.
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17
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Bourne JH, Smith CW, Jooss NJ, Di Y, Brown HC, Montague SJ, Thomas MR, Poulter NS, Rayes J, Watson SP. CLEC-2 Supports Platelet Aggregation in Mouse but not Human Blood at Arterial Shear. Thromb Haemost 2022; 122:1988-2000. [PMID: 35817083 PMCID: PMC9718592 DOI: 10.1055/a-1896-6992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
C-type lectin-like receptor 2 (CLEC-2) is highly expressed on platelets and a subpopulation of myeloid cells, and is critical in lymphatic development. CLEC-2 has been shown to support thrombus formation at sites of inflammation, but to have a minor/negligible role in hemostasis. This identifies CLEC-2 as a promising therapeutic target in thromboinflammatory disorders, without hemostatic detriment. We utilized a GPIbα-Cre recombinase mouse for more restricted deletion of platelet-CLEC-2 than the previously used PF4-Cre mouse. clec1bfl/flGPIbα-Cre+ mice are born at a Mendelian ratio, with a mild reduction in platelet count, and present with reduced thrombus size post-FeCl3-induced thrombosis, compared to littermates. Antibody-mediated depletion of platelet count in C57BL/6 mice, to match clec1bfl/flGPIbα-Cre+ mice, revealed that the reduced thrombus size post-FeCl3-injury was due to the loss of CLEC-2, and not mild thrombocytopenia. Similarly, clec1bfl/flGPIbα-Cre+ mouse blood replenished with CLEC-2-deficient platelets ex vivo to match littermates had reduced aggregate formation when perfused over collagen at arterial flow rates. In contrast, platelet-rich thrombi formed following perfusion of human blood under flow conditions over collagen types I or III, atherosclerotic plaque, or inflammatory endothelial cells were unaltered in the presence of CLEC-2-blocking antibody, AYP1, or recombinant CLEC-2-Fc. The reduction in platelet aggregation observed in clec1bfl/flGPIbα-Cre+ mice during arterial thrombosis is mediated by the loss of CLEC-2 on mouse platelets. In contrast, CLEC-2 does not support thrombus generation on collagen, atherosclerotic plaque, or inflamed endothelial cells in human at arterial shear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua H. Bourne
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher W. Smith
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Natalie J. Jooss
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Ying Di
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Helena C. Brown
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine I, University Hospital and Rudolf Virchow Center for Integrative and Translational Bioimaging, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Samantha J. Montague
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Mark R. Thomas
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- UHB and SWBH NHS Trusts, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Natalie S. Poulter
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), Universities of Birmingham and Nottingham, The Midlands, United Kingdom
| | - Julie Rayes
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), Universities of Birmingham and Nottingham, The Midlands, United Kingdom
| | - Steve P. Watson
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), Universities of Birmingham and Nottingham, The Midlands, United Kingdom
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18
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McFadyen JD, Mangin PH, Peter K. Of Mice and Man: The Unwinding of CLEC-2 as an Antithrombotic Target? Thromb Haemost 2022; 122:1963-1965. [PMID: 36070783 DOI: 10.1055/a-1938-1380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- James D McFadyen
- Atherothrombosis and Vascular Biology Program, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Haematology, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Cardiometabolic Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Pierre H Mangin
- INSERM, EFS Grand-Est, BPPS UMR-S1255, FMTS, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Karlheinz Peter
- Atherothrombosis and Vascular Biology Program, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Cardiometabolic Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Cardiology, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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19
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Choudhuri S, Garg NJ. Platelets, Macrophages, and Thromboinflammation in Chagas Disease. J Inflamm Res 2022; 15:5689-5706. [PMID: 36217453 PMCID: PMC9547606 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s380896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Chagas disease (CD) is a major health problem in the Americas and an emerging health problem in Europe and other nonendemic countries. Several studies have documented persistence of the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, and oxidative and inflammatory stress are major pathogenic factor. Mural and cardiac thrombi, cardiac arrhythmias, and cardiomyopathy are major clinical features of CD. During T. cruzi infection, parasite-released factors induce endothelial dysfunction along with platelet (PLT) and immune-cell activation. PLTs have a fundamental role in maintaining hemostasis and preventing bleeding after vascular injury. Excessive activation of PLTs and coagulation cascade can result in thrombosis and thromboembolic events, which are recognized to occur in seropositive individuals in early stages of CD when clinically symptomatic heart disease is not apparent. Several host and parasite factors have been identified to signal hypercoagulability and increase the risk of ischemic stroke in early phases of CD. Further, PLT interaction with immune cells and their role in host defense against pathogens and inflammatory processes have only recently been recognized and evolving. In the context of parasitic diseases, PLTs function in directly responding to T. cruzi infection, and PLT interactions with immune cells in shaping the proinflammatory or immunoregulatory function of monocytes, macrophages, and neutrophils remains elusive. How T. cruzi infection alters systemic microenvironment conditions to influence PLT and immune-cell interactions is not understood. In this review, we discuss the current literature, and extrapolate the mechanistic situations to explain how PLT and innate immune cell (especially monocytes and macrophages) interactions might be sustaining hypercoagulability and thromboinflammation in chronic CD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhadip Choudhuri
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Nisha J Garg
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
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20
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Low SK, Anjum Z, Mahmoud A, Joshi U, Kouides P. Isocitrate dehydrogenase mutation and risk of venous thromboembolism in glioma: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Thromb Res 2022; 219:14-21. [PMID: 36088710 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2022.08.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with malignancies including malignant gliomas have a relatively high risk for venous thromboembolism (VTE). Recent evidence has linked isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutation with reduced VTE risk in malignant glioma. This meta-analysis aims to quantify the association of IDH mutation status with risks of VTE in patients with glioma. METHODS We searched PubMed, Google Scholar, Medline OVID, Cochrane library, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature databases to identify relevant studies. The overall odd ratio (OR) was pooled using the random-effects model. We evaluated the statistical heterogeneity using Cochran's Q statistics and I2 tests. We performed subgroup analyses according to age, tumor, study design, and study quality. RESULTS A total of 2600 patients from 8 studies were included in the meta-analysis. Patients with IDH mutant-type gliomas had a significantly lower risk of VTE (OR: 0.21, 95 % confidence interval [CI]: 0.09-0.46, I2 = 34 %) compared to patients with IDH wild-type gliomas. Among high-grade (III and IV) glioma, VTE events in IDH-mutant gliomas occurred with an OR of 0.28 (95 % CI: 0.14-0.53). No statistically significant decrease in the VTE risk was observed in grade II gliomas with IDH mutation compared to IDH wild-type gliomas, as indicated by the OR of 0.60 (95 % CI: 0.17-2.11). CONCLUSION IDH mutation is significantly associated with 79 % lower risk of VTE among patients with high-grade glioma compared to IDH wild-type. Our findings suggest the potential utility of IDH mutation status regarding thromboprophylaxis, and the need for further studies to elucidate the mechanism of the association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soon Khai Low
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rochester General Hospital, NY, United States of America.
| | - Zauraiz Anjum
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rochester General Hospital, NY, United States of America
| | - Amir Mahmoud
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rochester General Hospital, NY, United States of America
| | - Utsav Joshi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rochester General Hospital, NY, United States of America
| | - Peter Kouides
- Department of Hematology, Lipson Cancer Institute, Rochester General Hospital, NY, United States of America
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21
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Yang X, Leng M, Yang L, Peng Y, Wang J, Wang Q, Wu K, Zou J, Wan W, Li L, Ye Y, Meng Z. Effect of Evodiamine on Collagen-Induced Platelet Activation and Thrombosis. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:4893859. [PMID: 35937403 PMCID: PMC9348926 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4893859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Revised: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Evodia rutaecarpa has multiple pharmacological effects and is widely used in the prevention and treatment of migraine, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, cancer, and other chronic diseases; however, the pharmacological effects of its active compound evodiamine (Evo) have not been thoroughly investigated. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Evo on antiplatelet activation and thrombosis. We discovered that Evo effectively inhibited collagen-induced platelet activation but had no effect on platelet aggregation caused by activators such as thrombin, ADP, and U46619. Second, we found that Evo effectively inhibited the release of platelet granules induced by collagen. Finally, evodiamine inhibits the transduction of the SFKs/Syk/Akt/PLCγ2 activation pathway in platelets. According to in vivo studies, Evo significantly prolonged the mesenteric thromboembolism induced by ferric chloride and had no discernible effect on the coagulation function of mice. In conclusion, the antiplatelet and thrombotic effects of Evo discovered in this study provide an experimental basis for the investigation of the pharmacological mechanisms of Evo and the development of antiplatelet drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaona Yang
- Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Min Leng
- Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Lihong Yang
- Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yunzhu Peng
- Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Kun Wu
- Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Junhua Zou
- Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Wen Wan
- Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Longjun Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yujia Ye
- Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Zhaohui Meng
- Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
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22
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Investigation of Biomarkers Associated with Low Platelet Counts in Normal Karyotype Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23147772. [PMID: 35887121 PMCID: PMC9320053 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Revised: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients are at risk of bleeding due to disease-related lack of platelets and systemic coagulopathy. Platelets play a role in hemostasis. Leukemic blasts have been shown to alter platelet activation in vitro. Here we investigated biomarkers associated with thrombocytopenia in normal karyotype AML (NK-AML). From The Cancer Genome Atlas database, case-control study was performed between normal karyotype (NK) platelet-decreased AML (PD-AML, platelet count < 100 × 109/L, n = 24) and NK platelet-not-decreased AML (PND-AML, with platelet count ≥ 100 × 109/L, n = 13). Differentially expressed gene analysis, pathway analysis and modelling for predicting platelet decrease in AML were performed. DEG analysis and pathway analysis revealed 157 genes and eight pathways specific for PD-AML, respectively. Most of the eight pathways were significantly involved in G-protein-coupled receptor-related pathway, cytokine-related pathway, and bone remodeling pathway. Among the key genes involved in at least one pathway, three genes including CSF1R, TNFSF15 and CLEC10A were selected as promising biomarkers for predicting PD-AML (0.847 of AUC in support vector machine model). This is the first study that identified biomarkers using RNA expression data analysis and could help understand the pathophysiology in AML with low platelet count.
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23
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Baumann J, Sachs L, Otto O, Schoen I, Nestler P, Zaninetti C, Kenny M, Kranz R, von Eysmondt H, Rodriguez J, Schäffer TE, Nagy Z, Greinacher A, Palankar R, Bender M. Reduced platelet forces underlie impaired hemostasis in mouse models of MYH9-related disease. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabn2627. [PMID: 35584211 PMCID: PMC9116608 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abn2627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
MYH9-related disease patients with mutations in the contractile protein nonmuscle myosin heavy chain IIA display, among others, macrothrombocytopenia and a mild-to-moderate bleeding tendency. In this study, we used three mouse lines, each with one point mutation in the Myh9 gene at positions 702, 1424, or 1841, to investigate mechanisms underlying the increased bleeding risk. Agonist-induced activation of Myh9 mutant platelets was comparable to controls. However, myosin light chain phosphorylation after activation was reduced in mutant platelets, which displayed altered biophysical characteristics and generated lower adhesion, interaction, and traction forces. Treatment with tranexamic acid restored clot retraction in the presence of tPA and reduced bleeding. We verified our findings from the mutant mice with platelets from patients with the respective mutation. These data suggest that reduced platelet forces lead to an increased bleeding tendency in patients with MYH9-related disease, and treatment with tranexamic acid can improve the hemostatic function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliane Baumann
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine—Chair I, University Hospital and Rudolf Virchow Center, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Laura Sachs
- Institute for Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Oliver Otto
- Zentrum für Innovationskompetenz—Humorale Immunreaktionen bei Kardiovaskulären Erkrankungen, University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung e. V., Standort Greifswald, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Ingmar Schoen
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Irish Centre for Vascular Biology, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Peter Nestler
- Zentrum für Innovationskompetenz—Humorale Immunreaktionen bei Kardiovaskulären Erkrankungen, University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Carlo Zaninetti
- Institute for Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Martin Kenny
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Irish Centre for Vascular Biology, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Ruth Kranz
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine—Chair I, University Hospital and Rudolf Virchow Center, Würzburg, Germany
| | | | - Johanna Rodriguez
- Institute of Applied Physics, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Zoltan Nagy
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine—Chair I, University Hospital and Rudolf Virchow Center, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Greinacher
- Institute for Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Raghavendra Palankar
- Institute for Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Corresponding author. (M.B.); (R.P.)
| | - Markus Bender
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine—Chair I, University Hospital and Rudolf Virchow Center, Würzburg, Germany
- Corresponding author. (M.B.); (R.P.)
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24
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Chen X, Xu Y, Chen Q, Zhang H, Zeng Y, Geng Y, Shen L, Li F, Chen L, Chen GQ, Huang C, Liu J. The phosphatase PTEN links platelets with immune regulatory functions of mouse T follicular helper cells. Nat Commun 2022; 13:2762. [PMID: 35589797 PMCID: PMC9120038 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30444-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Beyond a function in hemostasis and thrombosis, platelets can regulate innate and adaptive immune responses. Hyperactive platelets are frequently associated with multiple human autoimmune diseases, yet their pathogenic functions in these diseases have not been fully established. Emerging studies show an essential function of the phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) in maintenance of immune homeostasis. Here, we show that mice with platelet-specific deletion of Pten, develop age-related lymphoproliferative diseases and humoral autoimmunity not seen in wildtype animals. Platelet-specific Pten-deficient mice have aberrant T cell activation, excessive T follicular helper (Tfh) cell responses and accumulation of platelet aggregates in lymph nodes. Transferred Pten-deficient platelets are able to infiltrate into the peripheral lymphoid tissues and form more aggregates. Moreover, Pten-deficient platelets are hyperactive and overproduce multiple Tfh-promoting cytokines via activation of the PDK1/mTORC2-AKT-SNAP23 pathway. Pten-deficient platelets show enhanced interaction with CD4+ T cells and promote conversion of CD4+ T cells into Tfh cells. Our results implicate PTEN in platelet-mediated immune homeostasis, and provide evidence that hyperactive platelets function as an important mediator in autoimmune diseases using mouse models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, 333 Nanchen Road, Shanghai, 200444, China.
| | - Yanyan Xu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Qidi Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Heng Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Yu Zeng
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Yan Geng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Lei Shen
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Fubin Li
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Guo-Qiang Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Chuanxin Huang
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai, 200025, China.
| | - Junling Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai, 200025, China.
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25
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Shao B, Hoover C, Shi H, Kondo Y, Lee RH, Chen J, Shan X, Song J, McDaniel JM, Zhou M, McGee S, Vanhoorelbeke K, Bergmeier W, López JA, George JN, Xia L. Deletion of platelet CLEC-2 decreases GPIbα-mediated integrin αIIbβ3 activation and decreases thrombosis in TTP. Blood 2022; 139:2523-2533. [PMID: 35157766 PMCID: PMC9029097 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2021012896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Microvascular thrombosis in patients with thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) is initiated by GPIbα-mediated platelet binding to von Willebrand factor (VWF). Binding of VWF to GPIbα causes activation of the platelet surface integrin αIIbβ3. However, the mechanism of GPIbα-initiated activation of αIIbβ3 and its clinical importance for microvascular thrombosis remain elusive. Deletion of platelet C-type lectin-like receptor 2 (CLEC-2) did not prevent VWF binding to platelets but specifically inhibited platelet aggregation induced by VWF binding in mice. Deletion of platelet CLEC-2 also inhibited αIIbβ3 activation induced by the binding of VWF to GPIbα. Using a mouse model of TTP, which was created by infusion of anti-mouse ADAMTS13 monoclonal antibodies followed by infusion of VWF, we found that deletion of platelet CLEC-2 decreased pulmonary arterial thrombosis and the severity of thrombocytopenia. Importantly, prophylactic oral administration of aspirin, an inhibitor of platelet activation, and therapeutic treatment of the TTP mice with eptifibatide, an integrin αIIbβ3 antagonist, reduced pulmonary arterial thrombosis in the TTP mouse model. Our observations demonstrate that GPIbα-mediated activation of integrin αIIbβ3 plays an important role in the formation of thrombosis in TTP. These observations suggest that prevention of platelet activation with aspirin may reduce the risk for thrombosis in patients with TTP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bojing Shao
- Cardiovascular Biology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK
| | - Christopher Hoover
- Cardiovascular Biology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK
| | - Huiping Shi
- Cardiovascular Biology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK
| | - Yuji Kondo
- Cardiovascular Biology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK
| | - Robert H Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | | | - Xindi Shan
- Cardiovascular Biology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK
| | - Jianhua Song
- Cardiovascular Biology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK
| | - J Michael McDaniel
- Cardiovascular Biology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK
| | - Meixiang Zhou
- Cardiovascular Biology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK
| | - Samuel McGee
- Cardiovascular Biology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK
| | - Karen Vanhoorelbeke
- Laboratory for Thrombosis Research, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven Campus Kulak Kortrijk, Kortrijk, Belgium; and
| | - Wolfgang Bergmeier
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | | | - James N George
- Hematology-Oncology Section, Department of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK
| | - Lijun Xia
- Cardiovascular Biology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK
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26
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Mandel J, Casari M, Stepanyan M, Martyanov A, Deppermann C. Beyond Hemostasis: Platelet Innate Immune Interactions and Thromboinflammation. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073868. [PMID: 35409226 PMCID: PMC8998935 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
There is accumulating evidence that platelets play roles beyond their traditional functions in thrombosis and hemostasis, e.g., in inflammatory processes, infection and cancer, and that they interact, stimulate and regulate cells of the innate immune system such as neutrophils, monocytes and macrophages. In this review, we will focus on platelet activation in hemostatic and inflammatory processes, as well as platelet interactions with neutrophils and monocytes/macrophages. We take a closer look at the contributions of major platelet receptors GPIb, αIIbβ3, TLT-1, CLEC-2 and Toll-like receptors (TLRs) as well as secretions from platelet granules on platelet-neutrophil aggregate and neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation in atherosclerosis, transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI) and COVID-19. Further, we will address platelet-monocyte and macrophage interactions during cancer metastasis, infection, sepsis and platelet clearance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Mandel
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (J.M.); (M.C.); (M.S.)
| | - Martina Casari
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (J.M.); (M.C.); (M.S.)
| | - Maria Stepanyan
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (J.M.); (M.C.); (M.S.)
- Center For Theoretical Problems of Physico-Chemical Pharmacology, 109029 Moscow, Russia;
- Physics Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Dmitriy Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology Immunology Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, 117198 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexey Martyanov
- Center For Theoretical Problems of Physico-Chemical Pharmacology, 109029 Moscow, Russia;
- Dmitriy Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology Immunology Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, 117198 Moscow, Russia
- N.M. Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics RAS (IBCP RAS), 119334 Moscow, Russia
| | - Carsten Deppermann
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (J.M.); (M.C.); (M.S.)
- Correspondence:
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27
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Confocal Real-Time Analysis of Cutaneous Platelet Recruitment during Immune-Complex-Mediated Inflammation. J Invest Dermatol 2022; 142:2724-2732.e3. [PMID: 35367475 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2022.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Platelets preserve vascular integrity during immune complex (IC)-mediated skin inflammation by preventing neutrophil-provoked hemorrhage. However, the single cell dynamics of this hemostatic process have never been studied in real-time. To monitor the on-set of thrombocytopenia-associated hemorrhages and analyze platelet recruitment, we developed a confocal microscopy-based video-imaging platform for the dorsal skinfold chamber in living mice. For ultrastructural analysis of recruited platelets, we correlated our imaging approach with serial block-face scanning electron microscopy. We found that bleeding events were transient and occurred preferentially at vascular sites, which were repeatedly penetrated by extravasating neutrophils. Hemorrhage only resumed when previously affected sites were again breached by yet another neutrophil. In non-thrombocytopenic mice, we observed that neutrophil extravasation provoked recruitment of single platelets to the vessel wall, which required platelet ITAM-receptors GPVI and CLEC-2. Recruited platelets were found to spread across the endothelial barrier and some even across the basement membrane, while retaining their granules. Thus, by visualizing the spatiotemporal dynamics of thrombocytopenia-associated bleeding and platelet recruitment on a single cell level and in real-time, we provide further insights into how platelets preserve vascular integrity during IC-mediated skin inflammation.
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28
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Al-Tamimi M, Qiao J, Gardiner EE. The utility of platelet activation biomarkers in thrombotic microangiopathies. Platelets 2022; 33:503-511. [PMID: 35287530 DOI: 10.1080/09537104.2022.2026912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Primary thrombotic microangiopathies (TMAs) are observed in thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) and hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS), while secondary TMAs have a wide range of etiologies. Early diagnosis and treatment of TMA are critical for patient well-being; however, distinguishing TTP from HUS on presentation is particularly challenging. Thrombocytopenia and platelet activation are central to different types of TMAs, thus limiting the utility of standard diagnostic approaches to evaluate the platelet function and hemostatic capacity. Alternative means of quantifying and monitoring changes to platelet activation and function are urgently needed. Activated platelets have been shown to interact with proteins of the complement and coagulation cascades and form part of inflammation processes engaged in TMA. Increased levels of platelet surface receptors as well as increased plasma levels of platelet-derived soluble proteins have been reported in TMAs. Elevated levels of platelet-leukocyte aggregates and platelet microparticles are also reported in different types of TMAs. Larger prospective evaluations of platelet activation markers in TMA using standardized assays, with comparison to cohorts of patients with thrombosis, coagulopathy, and thrombocytopenia, to evaluate the clinical usefulness of platelet markers in TMA are now needed. This review will summarize the current knowledge around platelet activation markers and critically evaluate their utility in diagnosis and prognosis of TMA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Al-Tamimi
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
| | - Jianlin Qiao
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Elizabeth E Gardiner
- ACRF Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
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29
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Dangelmaier C, Vari HR, Wright M, Kostyak JC, Kunapuli SP. Clustering extent-dependent differential signaling by CLEC-2 receptors in platelets. Res Pract Thromb Haemost 2022; 6:e12710. [PMID: 35573643 PMCID: PMC9074038 DOI: 10.1002/rth2.12710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background C-type lectin receptor family members play a role in many cells including platelets, where they are crucial in the separation of lymphatic and blood vessels during development. The C-type lectin-like receptor 2 (CLEC-2) receptor contains the canonical intracellular hemITAM motif through which it signals to activate Syk. Objectives One proposed hypothesis for signaling cascade is that Syk bridges two receptors through phosphorylated hemITAM motifs. We demonstrated that the phosphorylated hemITAM stimulates PI3 kinase/Btk pathways to activate Syk. To address this controversy, we used a CLEC-2 selective agonist and studied the role of Btk in platelet activation. Results and Conclusions Platelet activation and downstream signaling were abolished in murine and human platelets in the presence of the Btk inhibitors ibrutinib or acalabrutinib when a low concentration of a CLEC-2 antibody was used to crosslink CLEC-2 receptors. This inhibition was overcome by increasing concentrations of the CLEC-2 antibody. Similar results were obtained in X-linked immunodeficient mouse platelets, with an inactivating mutation in Btk or in Lyn null platelets. We conclude that at low crosslinking conditions of CLEC-2, Btk plays an important role in the activation of Syk, but at higher crosslinking conditions their role becomes less important and other mechanisms take over to activate Syk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carol Dangelmaier
- Sol Sherry Thrombosis Research Center Lewis Katz School of Medicine Temple University Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA
| | - Hymavathi Reddy Vari
- Sol Sherry Thrombosis Research Center Lewis Katz School of Medicine Temple University Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA
| | - Monica Wright
- Sol Sherry Thrombosis Research Center Lewis Katz School of Medicine Temple University Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA
| | - John C Kostyak
- Sol Sherry Thrombosis Research Center Lewis Katz School of Medicine Temple University Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA
| | - Satya P Kunapuli
- Sol Sherry Thrombosis Research Center Lewis Katz School of Medicine Temple University Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA
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Karel M, Tullemans B, D'Italia G, Lemmens T, Claushuis T, Kuijpers M, Cosemans J. The effect of Bruton's tyrosine kinase inhibitor ibrutinib on atherothrombus formation under stenotic flow conditions. Thromb Res 2022; 212:72-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2022.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Stegner D, Göb V, Krenzlin V, Beck S, Hemmen K, Schuhmann MK, Schörg BF, Hackenbroch C, May F, Burkard P, Pinnecker J, Zernecke A, Rosenberger P, Greinacher A, Pichler BJ, Heinze KG, Stoll G, Nieswandt B. Foudroyant cerebral venous (sinus) thrombosis triggered through CLEC-2 and GPIIb/IIIa dependent platelet activation. NATURE CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH 2022; 1:132-141. [PMID: 39195988 PMCID: PMC11358028 DOI: 10.1038/s44161-021-00017-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
Cerebral venous (sinus) thrombosis (CVT) is an unusual manifestation of venous thrombosis causing severe neurological impairment and seizures1,2. Molecular mechanisms underlying CVT, potentially involving pathological platelet activation, are unknown. Here we show that antibody-(INU1-fab)-induced cooperative signaling of two platelet receptors, C-type lectin-like receptor-2 (CLEC-2) and GPIIb/IIIa, triggers within minutes a CVT-like thrombotic syndrome in mice, characterized by tonic-myoclonic seizures, platelet consumption and death. Brain autopsy showed thrombi mainly in the cortical venules, but no intracranial hemorrhages or edema formation. Transcranial intravital microscopy revealed rapidly progressing thrombosis in the superior sagittal sinus, a main site of CVT in humans. Interfering with CLEC-2 signaling or inhibition of GPIIb/IIIa completely blocked platelet activation and CVT. Blocking GPIIb/IIIa after onset of neurological symptoms protected mice from platelet consumption, CVT and death, which was not seen after treatment with heparin. These results point to aberrant platelet activation as a major trigger of CVT and potential target for treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Stegner
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Rudolf Virchow Center, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Vanessa Göb
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Rudolf Virchow Center, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Viola Krenzlin
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Rudolf Virchow Center, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Sarah Beck
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Rudolf Virchow Center, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Katherina Hemmen
- Rudolf Virchow Center, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | | | - Barbara F Schörg
- Werner Siemens Imaging Center, Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Christian Hackenbroch
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Frauke May
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Rudolf Virchow Center, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- CSL Behring Innovation GmbH, Marburg, Germany
| | - Philipp Burkard
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Rudolf Virchow Center, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jürgen Pinnecker
- Rudolf Virchow Center, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Alma Zernecke
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Peter Rosenberger
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Andreas Greinacher
- Institute of Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Bernd J Pichler
- Werner Siemens Imaging Center, Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) 'Image-Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies', Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Katrin G Heinze
- Rudolf Virchow Center, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Guido Stoll
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Bernhard Nieswandt
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
- Rudolf Virchow Center, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
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Curcumin-Based Inhibitors of Thrombosis and Cancer Metastasis Promoting Factor CLEC 2 from Traditional Medicinal Species Curcuma longa. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:9344838. [PMID: 35082906 PMCID: PMC8786508 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9344838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The CLEC-2 receptor protein belongs to the C-type lectin superfamily of transmembrane receptors that have one or more C-type lectin-like domains. CLEC-2 is a physiological binding receptor of podoplanin (PDPN), which is expressed on specific tumour cell types and involved in tumour cell-induced platelet aggregation and tumour metastasis. CLEC-2 and podoplanin-expressing tumour cells interact to increase angiogenesis, tumour development, and metastasis. CLEC-2 is a hemi-immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif (hemi-ITAM) receptor located on platelets and a subset of dendritic cells that are expressed constitutively. This molecule is secreted by activated platelets around tumours and has been shown to inhibit platelet aggregation and tumour metastasis in colon carcinoma by binding to the surface of tumour cells. Pharmacokinetic studies were carried using a DrugLiTo, and molecular docking was performed using AutoDock Tools 1.5.6 (ADT). Twenty-nine bioactive compounds were included in the study, and four of them, namely, piperine, dihydrocurcumin, bisdemethoxycurcumin, and demothoxycurcumin, showed potential antagonist properties against the target. The resultant best bioactive was compared with commercially available standard drugs. Further, validation of respective compounds with an intensive molecular dynamics simulation was performed using Schrödinger software. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on major bioactive found on clove as natural antagonists for CLEC-2 computationally. To further validate the bioactive and delimit the screening process of potential drugs against CLEC-2, in vitro and in vivo studies are needed to prove their efficacy.
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Hwang BO, Park SY, Cho ES, Zhang X, Lee SK, Ahn HJ, Chun KS, Chung WY, Song NY. Platelet CLEC2-Podoplanin Axis as a Promising Target for Oral Cancer Treatment. Front Immunol 2022; 12:807600. [PMID: 34987523 PMCID: PMC8721674 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.807600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer tissues are not just simple masses of malignant cells, but rather complex and heterogeneous collections of cellular and even non-cellular components, such as endothelial cells, stromal cells, immune cells, and collagens, referred to as tumor microenvironment (TME). These multiple players in the TME develop dynamic interactions with each other, which determines the characteristics of the tumor. Platelets are the smallest cells in the bloodstream and primarily regulate blood coagulation and hemostasis. Notably, cancer patients often show thrombocytosis, a status of an increased platelet number in the bloodstream, as well as the platelet infiltration into the tumor stroma, which contributes to cancer promotion and progression. Thus, platelets function as one of the important stromal components in the TME, emerging as a promising chemotherapeutic target. However, the use of traditional antiplatelet agents, such as aspirin, has limitations mainly due to increased bleeding complications. This requires to implement new strategies to target platelets for anti-cancer effects. In oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) patients, both high platelet counts and low tumor-stromal ratio (high stroma) are strongly correlated with increased metastasis and poor prognosis. OSCC tends to invade adjacent tissues and bones and spread to the lymph nodes for distant metastasis, which is a huge hurdle for OSCC treatment in spite of relatively easy access for visual examination of precancerous lesions in the oral cavity. Therefore, locoregional control of the primary tumor is crucial for OSCC treatment. Similar to thrombocytosis, higher expression of podoplanin (PDPN) has been suggested as a predictive marker for higher frequency of lymph node metastasis of OSCC. Cumulative evidence supports that platelets can directly interact with PDPN-expressing cancer cells via C-type lectin-like receptor 2 (CLEC2), contributing to cancer cell invasion and metastasis. Thus, the platelet CLEC2-PDPN axis could be a pinpoint target to inhibit interaction between platelets and OSCC, avoiding undesirable side effects. Here, we will review the role of platelets in cancer, particularly focusing on CLEC2-PDPN interaction, and will assess their potentials as therapeutic targets for OSCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byeong-Oh Hwang
- Department of Applied Life Science, The Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea.,BK21 Four Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Oral Biology, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Se-Young Park
- Department of Applied Life Science, The Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea.,BK21 Four Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Oral Biology, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Eunae Sandra Cho
- BK21 Four Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Oral Pathology, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, South Korea.,Oral Cancer Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Xianglan Zhang
- Oral Cancer Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Pathology, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji City, China
| | - Sun Kyoung Lee
- Department of Oral Biology, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyung-Joon Ahn
- Department of Orofacial Pain and Oral Medicine, Dental Hospital, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyung-Soo Chun
- College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Won-Yoon Chung
- Department of Applied Life Science, The Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea.,BK21 Four Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Oral Biology, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, South Korea.,Oral Cancer Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Na-Young Song
- Department of Applied Life Science, The Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea.,BK21 Four Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Oral Biology, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, South Korea
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Sasano T, Gonzalez-Delgado R, Muñoz NM, Carlos-Alcade W, Soon Cho M, Sheth RA, Sood AK, Afshar-Kharghan V. Podoplanin promotes tumor growth, platelet aggregation, and venous thrombosis in murine models of ovarian cancer. J Thromb Haemost 2022; 20:104-114. [PMID: 34608736 PMCID: PMC8712373 DOI: 10.1111/jth.15544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Podoplanin (PDPN) is a sialylated membrane glycoprotein that binds to C-type lectin-like receptor 2 on platelets resulting in platelet activation. PDPN is expressed on lymphatic endothelial cells, perivascular fibroblasts/pericytes, cancer cells, cancer-associated fibroblasts, and tumor stromal cells. PDPN's expression on malignant epithelial cells plays a role in metastasis. Furthermore, the expression of PDPN in brain tumors (high-grade gliomas) was found to correlate with an increased risk of venous thrombosis. OBJECTIVE We examined the expression of PDPN and its role in tumor progression and venous thrombosis in ovarian cancer. METHODS We used mouse models of ovarian cancer and venous thrombosis. RESULTS Ovarian cancer cells express PDPN and release PDPN-rich extracellular vesicles (EVs), and cisplatin and topotecan (chemotherapies commonly used in ovarian cancer) increase the expression of podoplanin in cancer cells. The expression of PDPN in ovarian cancer cells promotes tumor growth in a murine model of ovarian cancer and that knockdown of PDPN gene expression results in smaller primary tumors. Both PDPN-expressing ovarian cancer cells and their EVs cause platelet aggregation. In a mouse model of venous thrombosis, PDPN-expressing EVs released from HeyA8 ovarian cancer cells produce more frequent thrombosis than PDPN-negative EVs derived from PDPN-knockdown HeyA8 cells. Blood clots induced by PDPN-positive EVs contain more platelets than those in blood clots induced by PDPN-negative EVs. CONCLUSIONS In summary, our findings demonstrate that the expression of PDPN by ovarian cancer cells promotes tumor growth and venous thrombosis in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoyuki Sasano
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Ricardo Gonzalez-Delgado
- Section of Benign Hematology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Nina M. Muñoz
- Department of Interventional Radiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Wendolyn Carlos-Alcade
- Section of Benign Hematology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Min Soon Cho
- Section of Benign Hematology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Rahul A. Sheth
- Department of Interventional Radiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Anil K. Sood
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Vahid Afshar-Kharghan
- Section of Benign Hematology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
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35
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O’Reilly D, Murphy CA, Drew R, El-Khuffash A, Maguire PB, Ainle FN, Mc Callion N. Platelets in pediatric and neonatal sepsis: novel mediators of the inflammatory cascade. Pediatr Res 2022; 91:359-367. [PMID: 34711945 PMCID: PMC8816726 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-021-01715-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Sepsis, a dysregulated host response to infection, has been difficult to accurately define in children. Despite a higher incidence, especially in neonates, a non-specific clinical presentation alongside a lack of verified biomarkers has prevented a common understanding of this condition. Platelets, traditionally regarded as mediators of haemostasis and thrombosis, are increasingly associated with functions in the immune system with involvement across the spectrum of innate and adaptive immunity. The large number of circulating platelets (approx. 150,000 cells per microlitre) mean they outnumber traditional immune cells and are often the first to encounter a pathogen at a site of injury. There are also well-described physiological differences between platelets in children and adults. The purpose of this review is to place into context the platelet and its role in immunology and examine the evidence where available for its role as an immune cell in childhood sepsis. It will examine how the platelet interacts with both humoral and cellular components of the immune system and finally discuss the role the platelet proteome, releasate and extracellular vesicles may play in childhood sepsis. This review also examines how platelet transfusions may interfere with the complex relationships between immune cells in infection. IMPACT: Platelets are increasingly being recognised as important "first responders" to immune threats. Differences in adult and paediatric platelets may contribute to differing immune response to infections. Adult platelet transfusions may affect infant immune responses to inflammatory/infectious stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel O’Reilly
- grid.416068.d0000 0004 0617 7587Department of Neonatology, Rotunda Hospital, Dublin, Ireland ,grid.7886.10000 0001 0768 2743Conway-SPHERE Research Group, Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Claire A. Murphy
- grid.416068.d0000 0004 0617 7587Department of Neonatology, Rotunda Hospital, Dublin, Ireland ,grid.7886.10000 0001 0768 2743Conway-SPHERE Research Group, Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland ,grid.4912.e0000 0004 0488 7120Department of Paediatrics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dubin, Ireland
| | - Richard Drew
- grid.416068.d0000 0004 0617 7587Clinical Innovation Unit, Rotunda Hospital, Dublin, Ireland ,Irish Meningitis and Sepsis Reference Laboratory, Children’s Health Ireland at Temple Street, Dublin, Ireland ,grid.4912.e0000 0004 0488 7120Department of Clinical Microbiology, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Afif El-Khuffash
- grid.416068.d0000 0004 0617 7587Department of Neonatology, Rotunda Hospital, Dublin, Ireland ,grid.4912.e0000 0004 0488 7120Department of Paediatrics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dubin, Ireland
| | - Patricia B. Maguire
- grid.7886.10000 0001 0768 2743Conway-SPHERE Research Group, Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland ,grid.7886.10000 0001 0768 2743School of Biomolecular & Biomedical Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Fionnuala Ni Ainle
- grid.7886.10000 0001 0768 2743Conway-SPHERE Research Group, Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland ,grid.7886.10000 0001 0768 2743School of Biomolecular & Biomedical Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland ,grid.411596.e0000 0004 0488 8430Department of Haematology, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland ,grid.416068.d0000 0004 0617 7587Department of Haematology, Rotunda Hospital, Dublin, Ireland ,grid.7886.10000 0001 0768 2743School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Naomi Mc Callion
- grid.416068.d0000 0004 0617 7587Department of Neonatology, Rotunda Hospital, Dublin, Ireland ,grid.4912.e0000 0004 0488 7120Department of Paediatrics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dubin, Ireland
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Jourdi G, Lordkipanidzé M, Philippe A, Bachelot-Loza C, Gaussem P. Current and Novel Antiplatelet Therapies for the Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222313079. [PMID: 34884884 PMCID: PMC8658271 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222313079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the last decades, antiplatelet agents, mainly aspirin and P2Y12 receptor antagonists, have significantly reduced morbidity and mortality associated with arterial thrombosis. Their pharmacological characteristics, including pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamics profiles, have been extensively studied, and a significant number of clinical trials assessing their efficacy and safety in various clinical settings have established antithrombotic efficacy. Notwithstanding, antiplatelet agents carry an inherent risk of bleeding. Given that bleeding is associated with adverse cardiovascular outcomes and mortality, there is an unmet clinical need to develop novel antiplatelet therapies that inhibit thrombosis while maintaining hemostasis. In this review, we present the currently available antiplatelet agents, with a particular focus on their targets, pharmacological characteristics, and patterns of use. We will further discuss the novel antiplatelet therapies in the pipeline, with the goal of improved clinical outcomes among patients with atherothrombotic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georges Jourdi
- Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, QC H1T 1C8, Canada;
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
- Correspondence: (G.J.); (P.G.)
| | - Marie Lordkipanidzé
- Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, QC H1T 1C8, Canada;
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Aurélien Philippe
- INSERM, Innovations Thérapeutiques en Hémostase, Université de Paris, F-75006 Paris, France; (A.P.); (C.B.-L.)
- Service d’Hématologie Biologique, AP-HP, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, F-75015 Paris, France
| | - Christilla Bachelot-Loza
- INSERM, Innovations Thérapeutiques en Hémostase, Université de Paris, F-75006 Paris, France; (A.P.); (C.B.-L.)
| | - Pascale Gaussem
- INSERM, Innovations Thérapeutiques en Hémostase, Université de Paris, F-75006 Paris, France; (A.P.); (C.B.-L.)
- Service d’Hématologie Biologique, AP-HP, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, F-75015 Paris, France
- Correspondence: (G.J.); (P.G.)
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Multiparameter Evaluation of the Platelet-Inhibitory Effects of Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors Used for Cancer Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222011199. [PMID: 34681859 PMCID: PMC8540269 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222011199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Current antiplatelet drugs for the treatment of arterial thrombosis often coincide with increased bleeding risk. Several tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) for cancer treatment inhibit platelet function, with minor reported bleeding symptoms. The aim of this study was to compare the antiplatelet properties of eight TKIs to explore their possible repurposing as antiplatelet drugs. Samples of whole blood, platelet-rich plasma (PRP), or isolated platelets from healthy donors were treated with TKI or the vehicle. Measurements of platelet aggregation, activation, intracellular calcium mobilization, and whole-blood thrombus formation under flow were performed. Dasatinib and sunitinib dose-dependently reduced collagen-induced aggregation in PRP and washed platelets; pazopanib, cabozantinib, and vatalanib inhibited this response in washed platelets only; and fostamatinib, axitinib, and lapatinib showed no/limited effects. Fostamatinib reduced thrombus formation by approximately 50% on collagen and other substrates. Pazopanib, sunitinib, dasatinib, axitinib, and vatalanib mildly reduced thrombus formation on collagen by 10–50%. Intracellular calcium responses in isolated platelets were inhibited by dasatinib (>90%), fostamatinib (57%), sunitinib (77%), and pazopanib (82%). Upon glycoprotein-VI receptor stimulation, fostamatinib, cabozantinib, and vatalanib decreased highly activated platelet populations by approximately 15%, while increasing resting populations by 39%. In conclusion, the TKIs with the highest affinities for platelet-expressed molecular targets most strongly inhibited platelet functions. Dasatinib, fostamatinib, sunitinib, and pazopanib interfered in early collagen receptor-induced molecular-signaling compared with cabozantinib and vatalanib. Fostamatinib, sunitinib, pazopanib, and vatalanib may be promising for future evaluation as antiplatelet drugs.
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Ebermeyer T, Cognasse F, Berthelot P, Mismetti P, Garraud O, Hamzeh-Cognasse H. Platelet Innate Immune Receptors and TLRs: A Double-Edged Sword. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22157894. [PMID: 34360659 PMCID: PMC8347377 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22157894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelets are hematopoietic cells whose main function has for a long time been considered to be the maintenance of vascular integrity. They have an essential role in the hemostatic response, but they also have functional capabilities that go far beyond it. This review will provide an overview of platelet functions. Indeed, stress signals may induce platelet apoptosis through proapoptotis or hemostasis receptors, necrosis, and even autophagy. Platelets also interact with immune cells and modulate immune responses in terms of activation, maturation, recruitment and cytokine secretion. This review will also show that platelets, thanks to their wide range of innate immune receptors, and in particular toll-like receptors, and can be considered sentinels actively participating in the immuno-surveillance of the body. We will discuss the diversity of platelet responses following the engagement of these receptors as well as the signaling pathways involved. Finally, we will show that while platelets contribute significantly, via their TLRs, to immune response and inflammation, these receptors also participate in the pathophysiological processes associated with various pathogens and diseases, including cancer and atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Théo Ebermeyer
- INSERM U1059-SAINBIOSE, Université de Lyon, F-42023 Saint-Etienne, France; (T.E.); (F.C.); (P.M.); (O.G.)
| | - Fabrice Cognasse
- INSERM U1059-SAINBIOSE, Université de Lyon, F-42023 Saint-Etienne, France; (T.E.); (F.C.); (P.M.); (O.G.)
- Etablissement Français du Sang Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, 25 bd Pasteur, F-42100 Saint-Étienne, France
| | - Philippe Berthelot
- Team GIMAP, CIRI—Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Université de Lyon, U1111, UMR5308, F-69007 Lyon, France;
- Infectious Diseases Department, CHU de St-Etienne, F-42055 Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Patrick Mismetti
- INSERM U1059-SAINBIOSE, Université de Lyon, F-42023 Saint-Etienne, France; (T.E.); (F.C.); (P.M.); (O.G.)
- Department of Vascular Medicine and Therapeutics, INNOVTE, CHU de St-Etienne, F-42055 Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Olivier Garraud
- INSERM U1059-SAINBIOSE, Université de Lyon, F-42023 Saint-Etienne, France; (T.E.); (F.C.); (P.M.); (O.G.)
| | - Hind Hamzeh-Cognasse
- INSERM U1059-SAINBIOSE, Université de Lyon, F-42023 Saint-Etienne, France; (T.E.); (F.C.); (P.M.); (O.G.)
- Correspondence:
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39
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Lin J, Sorrells MG, Lam WA, Neeves KB. Physical forces regulating hemostasis and thrombosis: Vessels, cells, and molecules in illustrated review. Res Pract Thromb Haemost 2021; 5:e12548. [PMID: 34278188 PMCID: PMC8279127 DOI: 10.1002/rth2.12548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
This illustrated review focuses on the physical forces that regulate hemostasis and thrombosis. These phenomena span from the vessel to the cellular to the molecular scales. Blood is a complex fluid with a viscosity that varies with how fast it flows and the size of the vessel through which it flows. Blood flow imposes forces on the vessel wall and blood cells that dictates the kinetics, structure, and stability of thrombi. The mechanical properties of blood cells create a segmented flowing fluid whereby red blood cells concentrate in the vessel core and platelets marginate to the near-wall region. At the vessel wall, shear stresses are highest, which requires a repertoire of receptors with different bond kinetics to roll, tether, adhere, and activate on inflamed endothelium and extracellular matrices. As a thrombus grows and then contracts, forces regulate platelet aggregation as well as von Willebrand factor function and fibrin mechanics. Forces can also originate from platelets as they respond to the external forces and sense the stiffness of their local environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Lin
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical EngineeringGeorgia Institute of TechnologyEmory UniversityAtlantaGAUSA
| | - Matthew G. Sorrells
- Department of Chemical and Biological EngineeringColorado School of MinesGoldenCOUSA
| | - Wilbur A. Lam
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical EngineeringGeorgia Institute of TechnologyEmory UniversityAtlantaGAUSA
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/OncologyDepartment of PediatricsAflac Cancer Center and Blood Disorder Service of Children’s Healthcare of AtlantaEmory University School of MedicineAtlantaGAUSA
| | - Keith B. Neeves
- Department of BioengineeringUniversity of Colorado DenverAnschutz Medical CampusAuroraCOUSA
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Hematology, Oncology, and Bone Marrow Transplant, Hemophilia and Thrombosis CenterUniversity of Colorado DenverAnschutz Medical CampusAuroraCOUSA
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40
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Manke MC, Geue S, Coman C, Peng B, Kollotzek F, Münzer P, Walker B, Huber SM, Rath D, Sickmann A, Stegner D, Duerschmied D, Lang F, Nieswandt B, Gawaz M, Ahrends R, Borst O. ANXA7 Regulates Platelet Lipid Metabolism and Ca 2+ Release in Arterial Thrombosis. Circ Res 2021; 129:494-507. [PMID: 34176316 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.121.319207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
[Figure: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Mailin-Christin Manke
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Cardiovascular Medicine (M.-C.M., S.G., F.K., P.M., B.W., D.R., M.G., O.B.), University of Tübingen, Germany.,DFG Heisenberg Group Thrombocardiology (M.-C.M., F.K., P.M., O.B.)
| | - Sascha Geue
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Cardiovascular Medicine (M.-C.M., S.G., F.K., P.M., B.W., D.R., M.G., O.B.), University of Tübingen, Germany
| | - Cristina Coman
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Vienna, Austria (C.C., R.A.)
| | - Bing Peng
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institute, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden (B.P.).,Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften - ISAS, Dortmund, Germany (B.P., A.S., R.A.)
| | - Ferdinand Kollotzek
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Cardiovascular Medicine (M.-C.M., S.G., F.K., P.M., B.W., D.R., M.G., O.B.), University of Tübingen, Germany.,DFG Heisenberg Group Thrombocardiology (M.-C.M., F.K., P.M., O.B.)
| | - Patrick Münzer
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Cardiovascular Medicine (M.-C.M., S.G., F.K., P.M., B.W., D.R., M.G., O.B.), University of Tübingen, Germany.,DFG Heisenberg Group Thrombocardiology (M.-C.M., F.K., P.M., O.B.)
| | - Britta Walker
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Cardiovascular Medicine (M.-C.M., S.G., F.K., P.M., B.W., D.R., M.G., O.B.), University of Tübingen, Germany
| | - Stephan M Huber
- Department of Radiation Oncology (S.M.H.), University of Tübingen, Germany
| | - Dominik Rath
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Cardiovascular Medicine (M.-C.M., S.G., F.K., P.M., B.W., D.R., M.G., O.B.), University of Tübingen, Germany
| | - Albert Sickmann
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften - ISAS, Dortmund, Germany (B.P., A.S., R.A.)
| | - David Stegner
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital and Rudolf Virchow Center for Integrative and Translational Bioimaging, University of Würzburg, Germany (D.S., B.N.)
| | - Daniel Duerschmied
- Heart Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany (D.D.)
| | - Florian Lang
- Department of Physiology (F.L.), University of Tübingen, Germany
| | - Bernhard Nieswandt
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital and Rudolf Virchow Center for Integrative and Translational Bioimaging, University of Würzburg, Germany (D.S., B.N.)
| | - Meinrad Gawaz
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Cardiovascular Medicine (M.-C.M., S.G., F.K., P.M., B.W., D.R., M.G., O.B.), University of Tübingen, Germany
| | - Robert Ahrends
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Vienna, Austria (C.C., R.A.).,Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften - ISAS, Dortmund, Germany (B.P., A.S., R.A.)
| | - Oliver Borst
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Cardiovascular Medicine (M.-C.M., S.G., F.K., P.M., B.W., D.R., M.G., O.B.), University of Tübingen, Germany.,DFG Heisenberg Group Thrombocardiology (M.-C.M., F.K., P.M., O.B.)
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41
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Meng D, Luo M, Liu B. The Role of CLEC-2 and Its Ligands in Thromboinflammation. Front Immunol 2021; 12:688643. [PMID: 34177942 PMCID: PMC8220156 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.688643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
C-type lectin-like receptor 2 (CLEC-2, also known as CLEC-1b) is expressed on platelets, Kupffer cells and other immune cells, and binds to various ligands including the mucin-like protein podoplanin (PDPN). The role of CLEC-2 in infection and immunity has become increasingly evident in recent years. CLEC-2 is involved in platelet activation, tumor cell metastasis, separation of blood/lymphatic vessels, and cerebrovascular patterning during embryonic development. In this review, we have discussed the role of CLEC-2 in thromboinflammation, and focused on the recent research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danyang Meng
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Man Luo
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Beibei Liu
- Department of Central Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
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42
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Zamora C, Cantó E, Vidal S. The Dual Role of Platelets in the Cardiovascular Risk of Chronic Inflammation. Front Immunol 2021; 12:625181. [PMID: 33868242 PMCID: PMC8046936 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.625181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with chronic inflammatory diseases often exhibit cardiovascular risk. This risk is associated with the systemic inflammation that persists in these patients, causing a sustained endothelial activation. Different mechanisms have been considered responsible for this systemic inflammation, among which activated platelets have been regarded as a major player. However, in recent years, the role of platelets has become controversial. Not only can this subcellular component release pro- and anti-inflammatory mediators, but it can also bind to different subsets of circulating lymphocytes, monocytes and neutrophils modulating their function in either direction. How platelets exert this dual role is not yet fully understood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Zamora
- Inflammatory Diseases, Institut de Recerca de l'Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elisabet Cantó
- Inflammatory Diseases, Institut de Recerca de l'Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sílvia Vidal
- Inflammatory Diseases, Institut de Recerca de l'Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain
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43
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The molecular basis of immune-based platelet disorders. Clin Sci (Lond) 2021; 134:2807-2822. [PMID: 33140828 DOI: 10.1042/cs20191101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Platelets have a predominant role in haemostasis, the maintenance of blood volume and emerging roles as innate immune cells, in wound healing and in inflammatory responses. Platelets express receptors that are important for platelet adhesion, aggregation, participation in inflammatory responses, and for triggering degranulation and enhancing thrombin generation. They carry a cargo of granules bearing enzymes, adhesion molecules, growth factors and cytokines, and have the ability to generate reactive oxygen species. The platelet is at the frontline of a host of cellular responses to invading pathogens, injury, and infection. Perhaps because of this intrinsic responsibility of a platelet to rapidly respond to thrombotic, pathological and immunological factors as part of their infantry role; platelets are susceptible to targeted attack by the adaptive immune system. Such attacks are often transitory but result in aberrant platelet activation as well as significant loss of platelet numbers and platelet function, paradoxically leading to elevated risks of both thrombosis and bleeding. Here, we discuss the main molecular events underlying immune-based platelet disorders with specific focus on events occurring at the platelet surface leading to activation and clearance.
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44
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Gadanec LK, McSweeney KR, Qaradakhi T, Ali B, Zulli A, Apostolopoulos V. Can SARS-CoV-2 Virus Use Multiple Receptors to Enter Host Cells? Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:992. [PMID: 33498183 PMCID: PMC7863934 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22030992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The occurrence of the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), responsible for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVD-19), represents a catastrophic threat to global health. Protruding from the viral surface is a densely glycosylated spike (S) protein, which engages angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) to mediate host cell entry. However, studies have reported viral susceptibility in intra- and extrapulmonary immune and non-immune cells lacking ACE2, suggesting that the S protein may exploit additional receptors for infection. Studies have demonstrated interactions between S protein and innate immune system, including C-lectin type receptors (CLR), toll-like receptors (TLR) and neuropilin-1 (NRP1), and the non-immune receptor glucose regulated protein 78 (GRP78). Recognition of carbohydrate moieties clustered on the surface of the S protein may drive receptor-dependent internalization, accentuate severe immunopathological inflammation, and allow for systemic spread of infection, independent of ACE2. Furthermore, targeting TLRs, CLRs, and other receptors (Ezrin and dipeptidyl peptidase-4) that do not directly engage SARS-CoV-2 S protein, but may contribute to augmented anti-viral immunity and viral clearance, may represent therapeutic targets against COVID-19.
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45
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Damaskinaki FN, Moran LA, Garcia A, Kellam B, Watson SP. Overcoming challenges in developing small molecule inhibitors for GPVI and CLEC-2. Platelets 2021; 32:744-752. [PMID: 33406951 DOI: 10.1080/09537104.2020.1863939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
GPVI and CLEC-2 have emerged as promising targets for long-term prevention of both arterial thrombosis and thrombo-inflammation with a decreased bleeding risk relative to current drugs. However, while there are potent blocking antibodies of both receptors, their protein nature comes with decreased bioavailability, making formulation for oral medication challenging. Small molecules are able to overcome these limitations, but there are many challenges in developing antagonists of nanomolar potency, which is necessary when considering the structural features that underlie the interaction of CLEC-2 and GPVI with their protein ligands. In this review, we describe current small-molecule inhibitors for both receptors and strategies to overcome such limitations, including considerations when it comes to in silico drug design and the importance of complex compound library selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Foteini-Nafsika Damaskinaki
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Level 1 IBR, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.,Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), The Universities of Birmingham and Nottingham, The Midlands, UK.,Biodiscovery Institute, University Park, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Luis A Moran
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Level 1 IBR, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.,Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Angel Garcia
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Barrie Kellam
- Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), The Universities of Birmingham and Nottingham, The Midlands, UK.,Biodiscovery Institute, University Park, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Steve P Watson
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Level 1 IBR, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.,Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), The Universities of Birmingham and Nottingham, The Midlands, UK
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46
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Fernández DI, Kuijpers MJE, Heemskerk JWM. Platelet calcium signaling by G-protein coupled and ITAM-linked receptors regulating anoctamin-6 and procoagulant activity. Platelets 2020; 32:863-871. [PMID: 33356720 DOI: 10.1080/09537104.2020.1859103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Most agonists stimulate platelet Ca2+ rises via G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) or ITAM-linked receptors (ILRs). Well studied are the GPCRs stimulated by the soluble agonists thrombin (PAR1, PAR4), ADP (P2Y1, P2Y12), and thromboxane A2 (TP), signaling via phospholipase (PLC)β isoforms. The platelet ILRs glycoprotein VI (GPVI), C-type lectin-like receptor 2 (CLEC2), and FcγRIIa are stimulated by adhesive ligands or antibody complexes and signal via tyrosine protein kinases and PLCγ isoforms. Marked differences exist between the GPCR- and ILR-induced Ca2+ signaling in: (i) dependency of tyrosine phosphorylation; (ii) oscillatory versus continued Ca2+ rises by mobilization from the endoplasmic reticulum; and (iii) smaller or larger role of extracellular Ca2+ entry via STIM1/ORAI1. Co-stimulation of both types of receptors, especially by thrombin (PAR1/4) and collagen (GPVI), leads to a highly enforced Ca2+ rise, involving mitochondrial Ca2+ release, which activates the ion and phospholipid channel, anoctamin-6. This highly Ca2+-dependent process causes swelling, ballooning, and phosphatidylserine expression, establishing a unique platelet population swinging between vital and necrotic (procoagulant 'zombie' platelets). Additionally, the high Ca2+ status of procoagulant platelets induces a set of additional events: (i) Ca2+ dependent cleavage of signaling proteins and receptors via calpain and ADAM isoforms; (ii) microvesiculation; (iii) enhanced coagulation factor binding; and (iv) fibrin-coat formation involving transglutaminases. Given the additive roles of GPCR and ILR in Ca2+ signal generation, high-throughput screening of biomolecules or small molecules based on Ca2+ flux measurements provides a promising way to find new inhibitors interfering with prolonged high Ca2+, phosphatidylserine expression, and hence platelet procoagulant activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delia I Fernández
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Marijke J E Kuijpers
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Johan W M Heemskerk
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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47
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Harbi MH, Smith CW, Nicolson PLR, Watson SP, Thomas MR. Novel antiplatelet strategies targeting GPVI, CLEC-2 and tyrosine kinases. Platelets 2020; 32:29-41. [PMID: 33307909 DOI: 10.1080/09537104.2020.1849600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Antiplatelet medications comprise the cornerstone of treatment for diseases that involve arterial thrombosis, including acute coronary syndromes (ACS), stroke and peripheral arterial disease. However, antiplatelet medications may cause bleeding and, furthermore, thrombotic events may still recur despite treatment. The interaction of collagen with GPVI receptors on the surface of platelets has been identified as one of the major players in the pathophysiology of arterial thrombosis that occurs following atherosclerotic plaque rupture. Promisingly, GPVI deficiency in humans appears to have a minimal impact on bleeding. These findings together suggest that targeting platelet GPVI may provide a novel treatment strategy that provides additional antithrombotic efficacy with minimal disruption of normal hemostasis compared to conventional antiplatelet medications. CLEC-2 is gaining interest as a therapeutic target for a variety of thrombo-inflammatory disorders including deep vein thrombosis (DVT) with treatment also predicted to cause minimal disruption to hemostasis. GPVI and CLEC-2 signal through Src, Syk and Tec family tyrosine kinases, providing additional strategies for inhibiting both receptors. In this review, we summarize the evidence regarding GPVI and CLEC-2 and strategies for inhibiting these receptors to inhibit platelet recruitment and activation in thrombotic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maan H Harbi
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham , Birmingham, UK
| | - Christopher W Smith
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham , Birmingham, UK
| | - Phillip L R Nicolson
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham , Birmingham, UK.,University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust , Birmingham, UK
| | - Steve P Watson
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham , Birmingham, UK
| | - Mark R Thomas
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham , Birmingham, UK.,University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust , Birmingham, UK.,Sandwell and West Birmingham NHS Trust , Birmingham, UK
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48
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Molecular Drivers of Platelet Activation: Unraveling Novel Targets for Anti-Thrombotic and Anti-Thrombo-Inflammatory Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21217906. [PMID: 33114406 PMCID: PMC7662962 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21217906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of death globally-partly a consequence of increased population size and ageing-and are major contributors to reduced quality of life. Platelets play a major role in hemostasis and thrombosis. While platelet activation and aggregation are essential for hemostasis at sites of vascular injury, uncontrolled platelet activation leads to pathological thrombus formation and provokes thrombosis leading to myocardial infarction or stroke. Platelet activation and thrombus formation is a multistage process with different signaling pathways involved to trigger platelet shape change, integrin activation, stable platelet adhesion, aggregation, and degranulation. Apart from thrombotic events, thrombo-inflammation contributes to organ damage and dysfunction in CVDs and is mediated by platelets and inflammatory cells. Therefore, in the past, many efforts have been made to investigate specific signaling pathways in platelets to identify innovative and promising approaches for novel antithrombotic and anti-thrombo-inflammatory strategies that do not interfere with hemostasis. In this review, we focus on some of the most recent data reported on different platelet receptors, including GPIb-vWF interactions, GPVI activation, platelet chemokine receptors, regulation of integrin signaling, and channel homeostasis of NMDAR and PANX1.
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49
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Hemostasis vs. homeostasis: Platelets are essential for preserving vascular barrier function in the absence of injury or inflammation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:24316-24325. [PMID: 32929010 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2007642117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelets are best known for their vasoprotective responses to injury and inflammation. Here, we have asked whether they also support vascular integrity when neither injury nor inflammation is present. Changes in vascular barrier function in dermal and meningeal vessels were measured in real time in mouse models using the differential extravasation of fluorescent tracers as a biomarker. Severe thrombocytopenia produced by two distinct methods caused increased extravasation of 40-kDa dextran from capillaries and postcapillary venules but had no effect on extravasation of 70-kDa dextran or albumin. This reduction in barrier function required more than 4 h to emerge after thrombocytopenia was established, reverting to normal as the platelet count recovered. Barrier dysfunction was also observed in mice that lacked platelet-dense granules, dense granule secretion machinery, glycoprotein (GP) VI, or the GPVI signaling effector phospholipase C (PLC) γ2. It did not occur in mice lacking α-granules, C type lectin receptor-2 (CLEC-2), or protease activated receptor 4 (PAR4). Notably, although both meningeal and dermal vessels were affected, intracerebral vessels, which are known for their tighter junctions between endothelial cells, were not. Collectively, these observations 1) highlight a role for platelets in maintaining vascular homeostasis in the absence of injury or inflammation, 2) provide a sensitive biomarker for detecting changes in platelet-dependent barrier function, 3) identify which platelet processes are required, and 4) suggest that the absence of competent platelets causes changes in the vessel wall itself, accounting for the time required for dysfunction to emerge.
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50
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Maruyama S, Kono H, Furuya S, Shimizu H, Saito R, Shoda K, Akaike H, Hosomura N, Kawaguchi Y, Amemiya H, Kawaida H, Sudo M, Inoue S, Shirai T, Suzuki-Inoue K, Ichikawa D. Platelet C-Type Lectin-Like Receptor 2 Reduces Cholestatic Liver Injury in Mice. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2020; 190:1833-1842. [PMID: 32473917 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2020.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cholestatic liver injury leads to liver dysfunction. The available evidence suggests that platelets can either promote or reduce liver injury and fibrosis. This study focused on the functions of the C-type lectin-like receptor 2 (CLEC-2), a new special platelet receptor that binds with podoplanin-activating platelets. The role of CLEC-2 and podoplanin in cholestatic liver injury was investigated. Mice were injected intraperitoneally with weekly doses of anti-CLEC-2 antibody (2A2B10) to achieve effective CLEC-2 inhibition in their platelets. Next, left and middle hepatic bile duct ligation (BDL) procedures were performed, and mice were euthanized 1 week later (2A2B10-BDL group). In addition, mice were prepared for control groups, and relevant histological and laboratory variables were compared among these groups. The inhibition of CLEC-2 resulted in increasing hepatocellular necrosis, hepatic inflammation, and liver fibrosis. In addition, podoplanin was strongly expressed in hepatic sinusoidal endothelial cells in BDL-treated mice. Moreover, in 2A2B10-BDL mice, total plasma bile acid levels were significantly increased. In summary, podoplanin is expressed on hepatic sinusoidal endothelial cells upon BDL. Platelets bind with podoplanin via CLEC-2 and become activated. As a result, the total bile acid pool is decreased. Therefore, the CLEC-2-podoplanin interaction promotes liver protection and inhibits liver fibrosis after cholestatic liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suguru Maruyama
- First Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kono
- First Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Japan.
| | - Shinji Furuya
- First Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Japan
| | - Hiroki Shimizu
- First Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Japan
| | - Ryo Saito
- First Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Japan
| | - Katsutoshi Shoda
- First Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Japan
| | - Hidenori Akaike
- First Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Japan
| | - Naohiro Hosomura
- First Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Kawaguchi
- First Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Japan
| | - Hidetake Amemiya
- First Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Japan
| | - Hiromichi Kawaida
- First Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Japan
| | - Makoto Sudo
- First Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Japan
| | - Shingo Inoue
- First Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Shirai
- Department of Clinical and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Japan
| | - Katsue Suzuki-Inoue
- Department of Clinical and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Japan
| | - Daisuke Ichikawa
- First Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Japan
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