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Pradhan S, Ali SA, Rachamalla M, Niyogi S, Datusalia AK. Oral arsenite exposure induces inflammation and apoptosis in pulmonary tissue: acute and chronic evaluation in young and adult mice. Biometals 2024; 37:587-607. [PMID: 38267778 DOI: 10.1007/s10534-023-00577-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Inorganic arsenic is a well-known environmental toxicant, and exposure to this metalloid is strongly linked with severe and extensive toxic effects in various organs including the lungs. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the acute and chronic effects of arsenite exposure on pulmonary tissue in young and adult mice. In brief, young and adult female Balb/C mice were exposed to 3 and 30 ppm arsenite daily via drinking water for 30 and 90 days. Subsequently, the animals were sacrificed and various histological and immunohistochemistry (IHC) analyses were performed using lung tissues. Our findings showed arsenite was found to cause dose-dependent pathological changes such as thickening of the alveolar septum, inflammatory cell infiltrations and lung fibrosis in young and adult mice. In addition, arsenite exposure significantly increased the expression of inflammatory markers NF-κB and TNF-α, indicating that arsenite-exposed mice suffered from severe lung inflammation. Moreover, the IHC analysis of fibrotic proteins demonstrated an increased expression of TGF-β1, α-SMA, vimentin and collagen-I in the arsenite-exposed mice compared to the control mice. This was accompanied by apoptosis, which was indicated by the upregulated expression of caspase-3 in arsenite-exposed mice compared to the control. Adult mice were generally found to be more prone to arsenite toxicity during chronic exposure relative to their younger counterparts. Overall, our findings suggest that arsenite in drinking water may induce dose-dependent and age-dependent structural and functional impairment in the lungs through elevating inflammation and fibrotic proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samata Pradhan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Raebareli, Uttar Pradesh, 226002, India
| | - Syed Afroz Ali
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Raebareli, Uttar Pradesh, 226002, India
| | - Mahesh Rachamalla
- Department of Biology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5E2, Canada
| | - Som Niyogi
- Department of Biology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5E2, Canada.
| | - Ashok Kumar Datusalia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Raebareli, Uttar Pradesh, 226002, India.
- Department of Regulatory Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Raebareli, Uttar Pradesh, 226002, India.
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Cruz DRD, Zheng A, Debele T, Larson P, Dion GR, Park YC. Drug delivery systems for wound healing treatment of upper airway injury. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2024; 21:573-591. [PMID: 38588553 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2024.2340653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Endotracheal intubation is a common procedure to maintain an open airway with risks for traumatic injury. Pathological changes resulting from intubation can cause upper airway complications, including vocal fold scarring, laryngotracheal stenosis, and granulomas and present with symptoms such as dysphonia, dysphagia, and dyspnea. Current intubation-related laryngotracheal injury treatment approaches lack standardized guidelines, relying on individual clinician experience, and surgical and medical interventions have limitations and carry risks. AREAS COVERED The clinical and preclinical therapeutics for wound healing in the upper airway are described. This review discusses the current developments on local drug delivery systems in the upper airway utilizing particle-based delivery systems, including nanoparticles and microparticles, and bulk-based delivery systems, encompassing hydrogels and polymer-based approaches. EXPERT OPINION Complex laryngotracheal diseases pose challenges for effective treatment, struggling due to the intricate anatomy, limited access, and recurrence. Symptomatic management often requires invasive surgical procedures or medications that are unable to achieve lasting effects. Recent advances in nanotechnology and biocompatible materials provide potential solutions, enabling precise drug delivery, personalization, and extended treatment efficacy. Combining these technologies could lead to groundbreaking treatments for upper airways diseases, significantly improving patients' quality of life. Research and innovation in this field are crucial for further advancements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denzel Ryan D Cruz
- Medical Scientist Training Program, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Biomedical Engineering Program, College of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Avery Zheng
- Chemical Engineering Program, College of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Tilahun Debele
- Chemical Engineering Program, College of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Peter Larson
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Gregory R Dion
- Biomedical Engineering Program, College of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Yoonjee C Park
- Biomedical Engineering Program, College of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Chemical Engineering Program, College of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, College of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
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Zeng J, Gao W, Tang Y, Wang Y, Liu X, Yin J, Su X, Zhang M, Kang E, Tian Y, Ni B, He W. Hypoxia-sensitive cells trigger NK cell activation via the KLF4-ASH1L-ICAM-1 axis, contributing to impairment in the rat epididymis. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113442. [PMID: 37952156 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Male infertility is a global health problem especially prevalent in high-altitude regions. The epididymis is essential for sperm maturation, but the influence of environmental cues on its reshaping remains poorly understood. Here, we use single-cell transcriptomics to track the cellular profiles of epidydimal cells in rats raised under normoxia or extended hypoxia. The results show that hypoxia impairs epididymal function, evident in reduced epithelial cells, compromised blood-epididymis barrier integrity, and increased natural killer cells. Through combined analysis of gene-regulatory networks and cell-cell interaction maps, we identify epididymal hypoxia-sensitive cells that communicate with natural killer (NK) cells via increased intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) driven by KLF4 recruitment of the histone methyltransferase ASL1L to the Icam1 promoter. Taken together, our study offers a detailed blueprint of epididymal changes during hypoxia and defines a KLF4-ALSH1L-ICAM-1 axis contributing to NK cell activation, yielding a potential treatment targeting hypoxia-induced infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jitao Zeng
- Reproductive Medical Center, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Weiwu Gao
- Institute of Immunology, People's Liberation Army (PLA), and Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ying Tang
- Reproductive Medical Center, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Reproductive Medical Center, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaona Liu
- Reproductive Medical Center, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jun Yin
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of High-Altitude Military Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xingxing Su
- Hepatological Surgery Department, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Mengjie Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of High-Altitude Military Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Enchuan Kang
- Reproductive Medical Center, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yi Tian
- Institute of Immunology, People's Liberation Army (PLA), and Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Bing Ni
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of High-Altitude Military Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wei He
- Reproductive Medical Center, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.
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Jiang Y, Li J, Liu Y, Shen X, Li J, Zhi F, Xu J, Li X, Shao T, Xu Y. Open a new epoch of arsenic trioxide investigation: ATOdb. Comput Biol Med 2023; 165:107465. [PMID: 37699323 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2023.107465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic trioxide (ATO) is a great discovery in the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), which has been used in an increasing number of malignant diseases. Systematic integrative analysis will help to precisely understand the mechanism of ATO and find new combined drugs. Therefore, we developed a one-stop comprehensive database of ATO named ATOdb by manually compiling a wealth of experimentally supported ATO-related data from 3479 articles, and integrated analysis tools. The current version of ATOdb contains 8373 associations among 2300 ATO targets, 80 conditions and 262 combined drugs. Each entry in ATOdb contains detailed information on ATO targets, therapeutic/side effects, systems, cell names, cell types, regulations, detection methods, brief descriptions, references, etc. Furthermore, ATOdb also provides data visualization and analysis results such as the drug similarities, protein-protein interactions, and miRNA-mRNA relationships. An easy-to-use web interface was deployed in ATOdb for users to easily browse, search and download the data. In conclusion, ATOdb will serve as a valuable resource for in-depth study of the mechanism of ATO, discovery of new drug combination strategies, promotion of rational drug use and individualized treatments. ATOdb is freely available at http://bio-bigdata.hrbmu.edu.cn/ATOdb/index.jsp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Jiang
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center of Northern China, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Jianing Li
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Yujie Liu
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Xiuyun Shen
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Junyi Li
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Fengnan Zhi
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Juan Xu
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Xia Li
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Tingting Shao
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Yingqi Xu
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; Hohhot Mongolian Medicine of Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Hohhot, 010110, China.
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Syed MA, Bhat B, Wali A, Saleem A, Ahmad Dar L, Gugjoo MB, Bhat S, Saleem Bhat S. Epithelial to mesenchymal transition in mammary gland tissue fibrosis and insights into drug therapeutics. PeerJ 2023; 11:e15207. [PMID: 37187521 PMCID: PMC10178283 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a multi-step morphogenetic process in which epithelial cells lose their epithelial properties and gain mesenchymal characteristics. The process of EMT has been shown to mediate mammary gland fibrosis. Understanding how mesenchymal cells emerge from an epithelial default state will aid in unravelling the mechanisms that control fibrosis and, ultimately, in identifying therapeutic targets to alleviate fibrosis. Methods The effects of EGF and high glucose (HG) on EMT in mammary epithelial cells, MCF10A and GMECs, as well as their pathogenic role, were studied. In-silico analysis was used to find interacting partners and protein-chemical/drug molecule interactions. Results On treatment with EGF and/or HG, qPCR analysis showed a significant increase in the gene expression of EMT markers and downstream signalling genes. The expression of these genes was reduced on treatment with EGF+HG combination in both cell lines. The protein expression of COL1A1 increased as compared to the control in cells treated with EGF or HG alone, but when the cells were treated with EGF and HG together, the protein expression of COL1A1 decreased. ROS levels and cell death increased in cells treated with EGF and HG alone, whereas cells treated with EGF and HG together showed a decrease in ROS production and apoptosis. In-silico analysis of protein-protein interactions suggest the possible role of MAPK1, actin alpha 2 (ACTA2), COL1A1, and NFκB1 in regulating TGFβ1, ubiquitin C (UBC), specificity protein 1 (SP1) and E1A binding protein P300 (EP300). Kyoto Encyclopaedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment suggests advanced glycation end products-receptor for advanced glycation end products (AGE-RAGE) signalling pathway, relaxin signalling pathway and extra cellular matrix (ECM) receptor interactions underlying fibrosis mechanism. Conclusion This study demonstrates that EGF and HG induce EMT in mammary epithelial cells and may also have a role in fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mudasir Ahmad Syed
- Division of Animal Biotechnology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, India, Srinagar, India
| | - Basharat Bhat
- Division of Animal Biotechnology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, India, Srinagar, India
| | - Abiza Wali
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Afnan Saleem
- Division of Animal Biotechnology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, India, Srinagar, India
| | - Lateef Ahmad Dar
- Division of Animal Biotechnology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, India, Srinagar, India
| | - Mudasir Bashir Gugjoo
- Division of Veterinary Surgery, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Shuhama, SKUAST-K, India, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Shakil Bhat
- Division of Animal Biotechnology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, India, Srinagar, India
| | - Sahar Saleem Bhat
- Division of Animal Biotechnology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, India, Srinagar, India
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Huang TT, Chen CM, Chen LG, Lan YW, Huang TH, Choo KB, Chong KY. 2,3,5,4′-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-β-D-glucoside ameliorates bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis via regulating pro-fibrotic signaling pathways. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:997100. [PMID: 36267283 PMCID: PMC9577370 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.997100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
2,3,5,4′-Tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-β-D-Glucoside (THSG) is the main active ingredient extracted from Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. (PMT), which has been reported to possess extensive pharmacological properties. Nevertheless, the exact role of THSG in pulmonary fibrosis has not been demonstrated yet. The main purpose of this study was to investigate the protective effect of THSG against bleomycin (BLM)-induced lung fibrosis in a murine model, and explore the underlying mechanisms of THSG in transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1)-induced fibrogenesis using MRC-5 human lung fibroblast cells. We found that THSG significantly attenuated lung injury by reducing fibrosis and extracellular matrix deposition. THSG treatment significantly downregulated the expression levels of TGF-β1, fibronectin, α-SMA, CTGF, and TGFBR2, however, upregulated the expression levels of antioxidants (SOD-1 and catalase) and LC3B in the lungs of BLM-treated mice. THSG treatment decreased the expression levels of fibronectin, α-SMA, and CTGF in TGF-β1-stimulated MRC-5 cells. Conversely, THSG increased the expression levels of SOD-1 and catalase. Furthermore, treatment of THSG profoundly reduced the TGF-β1-induced generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In addition, THSG restored TGF-β1-induced impaired autophagy, accompany by increasing the protein levels of LC3B-II and Beclin 1. Mechanism study indicated that THSG significantly reduced TGF-β1-induced increase of TGFBR2 expression and phosphorylation of Smad2/3, Akt, mTOR, and ERK1/2 in MRC-5 cells. These findings suggest that THSG may be considered as an anti-fibrotic drug for the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsung-Teng Huang
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Division of Biotechnology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chuan-Mu Chen
- Department of Life Sciences, Agricultural Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
- The iEGG and Animal Biotechnology Center and the Rong Hsing Research Center for Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Lih-Geeng Chen
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biopharmaceuticals, National Chiayi University, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Wei Lan
- Division of Pulmonary Biology, The Perinatal Institute of Cincinnati Children’s Research Foundation, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Tse-Hung Huang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Keelung, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Kong Bung Choo
- Centre for Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Kowit-Yu Chong
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Division of Biotechnology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Keelung, Keelung, Taiwan
- Centre for Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Hyperbaric Oxygen Medical Research Lab, Bone and Joint Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Kowit-Yu Chong,
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The Development and Clinical Applications of Oral Arsenic Trioxide for Acute Promyelocytic Leukaemia and Other Diseases. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14091945. [PMID: 36145693 PMCID: PMC9504237 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14091945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Appreciation of the properties of arsenic trioxide (ATO) has redefined the treatment landscape for acute promyelocytic leukaemia (APL) and offers promise as a treatment for numerous other diseases. The benefits of ATO in patients with APL is related to its ability to counteract the effects of PML::RARA, an oncoprotein that is invariably detected in the blood or bone marrow of affected individuals. The PML::RARA oncoprotein is degraded specifically by binding to ATO. Thus ATO, in combination with all-trans retinoic acid, has become the curative treatment for ATO. The multiple mechanisms of action of ATO has also paved the way for application in various condition encompassing autoimmune or inflammatory disorders, solid organ tumours, lymphomas and other subtypes of AML. The development of oral formulation of ATO (oral ATO) has reduced costs of treatment and improved treatment convenience allowing widespread applicability. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms of action of ATO, the development of oral ATO, and the applications of oral ATO in APL and other diseases.
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Chêne C, Jeljeli MM, Rongvaux-Gaïda D, Thomas M, Rieger F, Batteux F, Nicco C. A Fenton-like cation can improve arsenic trioxide treatment of sclerodermatous chronic Graft-versus-Host Disease in mice. Front Immunol 2022; 13:917739. [PMID: 36016953 PMCID: PMC9395715 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.917739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Graft-versus Host Disease (GvHD) is a major complication of hematopoietic stem cell transplant. GvHD is characterized by the chronic activation of immune cells leading to the development of systemic inflammation, autoimmunity, fibrosis and eventually death. Arsenic trioxide (ATO) is a therapeutic agent under clinical trial for the treatment of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and chronic GvHD (cGvHD). This therapy is admittedly rather safe although adverse effects can occur and may necessitate short interruptions of the treatment. The aim of this study was to combine ATO with a divalent cation, to generate a Fenton or Fenton-like reaction in order to potentiate the deletion of activated immune cells through the reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated effects of ATO in a mouse model, and thereby enabling the use of lower and safer ATO concentrations to treat patients with cGvHD. In vitro, among the various combinations of divalent cations tested, we observed that the combination of ATO and CuCl2 (copper chloride) induced a high level of oxidative stress in HL-60 and A20 cells. In addition, this co-treatment also decreased the proliferation of CD4+ T lymphocytes during a mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR). In vivo, in a cGvHD mouse model, daily injections of ATO 2.5 µg/g + CuCl2 0.5 µg/g induce a decrease in lymphocyte activation and fibrosis that was equivalent to that induced by ATO 5 µg/g. Our results show that the addition of CuCl2 improved the effects of ATO and significantly limited the development of the disease. This co-treatment could be a real benefit in human patients to substantially decrease the known ATO side effects and optimize ATO treatment in pathologies characterized by activated cells sensitive to an increase in oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Chêne
- Département 3I Infection, Immunité et Inflammation , Institut Cochin, INSERM U1016, Université de Paris, Paris, France
- MEDSENIC SAS, Strasbourg, France
| | - Mohamed Maxime Jeljeli
- Département 3I Infection, Immunité et Inflammation , Institut Cochin, INSERM U1016, Université de Paris, Paris, France
- Université de Paris, Faculté de Médecine, AP-HP-Centre Université de Paris, Hôpital Cochin, Service d’immunologie biologique, Paris, France
| | | | - Marine Thomas
- Département 3I Infection, Immunité et Inflammation , Institut Cochin, INSERM U1016, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | | | - Frédéric Batteux
- Département 3I Infection, Immunité et Inflammation , Institut Cochin, INSERM U1016, Université de Paris, Paris, France
- Université de Paris, Faculté de Médecine, AP-HP-Centre Université de Paris, Hôpital Cochin, Service d’immunologie biologique, Paris, France
- *Correspondence: Frédéric Batteux, ; Carole Nicco,
| | - Carole Nicco
- Département 3I Infection, Immunité et Inflammation , Institut Cochin, INSERM U1016, Université de Paris, Paris, France
- *Correspondence: Frédéric Batteux, ; Carole Nicco,
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Joannes A, Morzadec C, Duclos M, Gutierrez FL, Chiforeanu DC, Le Naoures C, De Latour B, Rouzé S, Wollin L, Jouneau S, Vernhet L. Arsenic trioxide inhibits the functions of lung fibroblasts derived from patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2022; 441:115972. [PMID: 35276128 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2022.115972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic and fatal interstitial lung disease. Currently, no treatment can block or reverse the development of lung fibrosis in patients suffering from IPF. Recent studies indicate that arsenic trioxide (ATO), a safe, effective anti-cancer pro-oxidant drug, prevents the differentiation of normal human lung fibroblasts (NHLFs) in vitro and reduces experimental pulmonary fibrosis in vivo. In this context, we investigated the anti-fibrotic effects of ATO on the main fibrosis functions of human lung fibroblasts (HLFs) isolated from patients with IPF. IPF and non-IPF (control) HLFs were incubated with 0.01-1 μM ATO and stimulated with pro-fibrotic factors (PDGF-BB or TGF-β1). We measured their rates of proliferation, migration and differentiation and the cell stress response triggered by ATO. ATO did not affect cell viability but strongly inhibited the proliferation and migration of PDGF-BB-stimulated IPF and control HLFs. ATO also prevented myofibroblastic differentiation, as assessed by the expression of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and collagen-1, and the phosphorylation of SMAD2/3 in TGF-β1-stimulated HLFs. These antifibrotic effects were associated with increased expression of the transcription factor NRF2 and its target genes NQO1 and HMOX1. Genetic silencing of NRF2 inhibited the ATO-induced cell stress response but did not prevent the ATO-dependent inhibition of α-SMA expression in TGF-β1-stimulated HLFs. The results demonstrate that ATO, at concentrations similar to exposure in blood plasma of ATO-treated cancer patients, counteracted pro-fibrotic activities of HLFs from IPF patients. We propose to consider ATO for clinical exploration to define the therapeutic potential in patients with IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Joannes
- Univ Rennes, CHU Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de Recherche en Santé, Environnement et Travail), UMR_S 1085, F-35000 Rennes, France.
| | - Claudie Morzadec
- Univ Rennes, CHU Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de Recherche en Santé, Environnement et Travail), UMR_S 1085, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Maëla Duclos
- Univ Rennes, CHU Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de Recherche en Santé, Environnement et Travail), UMR_S 1085, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | | | | | - Cécile Le Naoures
- Department of Pathology and Cytology, Rennes University Hospital, 35033 Rennes, France
| | - Bertrand De Latour
- Department of Thoracic, Cardiac and Vascular Surgery, Rennes University Hospital, 35033 Rennes, France
| | - Simon Rouzé
- Department of Thoracic, Cardiac and Vascular Surgery, Rennes University Hospital, 35033 Rennes, France
| | - Lutz Wollin
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co, KG, Biberach an der Riss, Germany
| | - Stéphane Jouneau
- Univ Rennes, CHU Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de Recherche en Santé, Environnement et Travail), UMR_S 1085, F-35000 Rennes, France; Department of Respiratory Diseases, Competence Center for Rare Pulmonary Disease, Rennes University Hospital, 35033, Rennes, France
| | - Laurent Vernhet
- Univ Rennes, CHU Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de Recherche en Santé, Environnement et Travail), UMR_S 1085, F-35000 Rennes, France
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Ding Q, Wei Q, Sheng G, Wang S, Jing S, Ma T, Zhang R, Wang T, Li W, Tang X, Wu H, Liu C. The Preventive Effect of Decorin on Epidural Fibrosis and Epidural Adhesions After Laminectomy. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:774316. [PMID: 34975478 PMCID: PMC8716848 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.774316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Laminectomy is commonly performed to treat degenerative spinal diseases by reducing compression on the spinal cord and nerve roots. The postoperative epidural fibrosis and epidural adhesions may result in failed back surgery syndrome, which is characterized by the symptoms of lower back pain or leg pain. There is currently no satisfactory treatment for this complication. The pathological processes of epidural fibrosis and epidural adhesions are relevant to the proliferation of fibroblasts, transdifferentiation of fibroblasts into myofibroblasts, and the excessive deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) protein. According to reports, transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) played a vital role in the development of fibrosis by promoting aforementioned processes. Decorin, an endogenous proteoglycan and natural inhibitor of TGF-β1, has exhibited prominent anti-fibrosis activity in various scar formation and fibrosis models of many organs. However, the preventive effect of decorin on epidural fibrosis and epidural adhesions requires further investigation. Here, we investigated the therapeutic effects and potential mechanisms of decorin on epidural fibrosis and epidural adhesions. Our results indicated that decorin could significantly suppress the TGF-β1-induced proliferation, transdifferentiation, and extracellular matrix production in primary fibroblasts. Furthermore, Smad2/3 signaling pathway had been demonstrated to be involved in the preventive effect of decorin. Moreover, administration of decorin in vivo could notably inhibit epidural fibrosis and epidural adhesions after laminectomy. To date, there is no approved therapy to target TGF-β1 for the treatment of epidural fibrosis and epidural adhesions after laminectomy. Our research proved the anti-fibrosis effect of decorin, which may provide an effective and promising treatment for epidural fibrosis and epidural adhesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Ding
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qi Wei
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Gaohong Sheng
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shanxi Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shaoze Jing
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Taiyuan, China
| | - Tian Ma
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ruizhuo Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Tianqi Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenkai Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiangyu Tang
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hua Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chaoxu Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Zhao Y, Yao H, Yang K, Han S, Chen S, Li Y, Chen S, Huang K, Lian G, Li J. Arsenic Trioxide-loaded nanoparticles Enhance the Chemosensitivity of Gemcitabine in Pancreatic Cancer via Reversal of Pancreatic Stellate Cells Desmoplasia through Targeting AP4/Galectin-1 Pathway. Biomater Sci 2022; 10:5989-6002. [DOI: 10.1039/d2bm01039a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic stellate cell (PSCs) constitutes the fibrotic tumor microenvironment composed of the stroma matrix, which blocks the penetration of Gemcitabine (GEM) in pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and results in chemoresistance. We...
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Ren C, Zhou Y, Liu W, Wang Q. Paradoxical effects of arsenic in the lungs. Environ Health Prev Med 2021; 26:80. [PMID: 34388980 PMCID: PMC8364060 DOI: 10.1186/s12199-021-00998-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
High levels (> 100 ug/L) of arsenic are known to cause lung cancer; however, whether low (≤ 10 ug/L) and medium (10 to 100 ug/L) doses of arsenic will cause lung cancer or other lung diseases, and whether arsenic has dose-dependent or threshold effects, remains unknown. Summarizing the results of previous studies, we infer that low- and medium-concentration arsenic cause lung diseases in a dose-dependent manner. Arsenic trioxide (ATO) is recognized as a chemotherapeutic drug for acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), also having a significant effect on lung cancer. The anti-lung cancer mechanisms of ATO include inhibition of proliferation, promotion of apoptosis, anti-angiogenesis, and inhibition of tumor metastasis. In this review, we summarized the role of arsenic in lung disease from both pathogenic and therapeutic perspectives. Understanding the paradoxical effects of arsenic in the lungs may provide some ideas for further research on the occurrence and treatment of lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caixia Ren
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- Liaoning Clinical Research Center for Lung Cancer, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Wenwen Liu
- Liaoning Clinical Research Center for Lung Cancer, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116023, China.
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13
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Lang YD, Jou YS. PSPC1 is a new contextual determinant of aberrant subcellular translocation of oncogenes in tumor progression. J Biomed Sci 2021; 28:57. [PMID: 34340703 PMCID: PMC8327449 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-021-00753-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysregulation of nucleocytoplasmic shuttling is commonly observed in cancers and emerging as a cancer hallmark for the development of anticancer therapeutic strategies. Despite its severe adverse effects, selinexor, a selective first-in-class inhibitor of the common nuclear export receptor XPO1, was developed to target nucleocytoplasmic protein shuttling and received accelerated FDA approval in 2019 in combination with dexamethasone as a fifth-line therapeutic option for adults with relapsed refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM). To explore innovative targets in nucleocytoplasmic shuttling, we propose that the aberrant contextual determinants of nucleocytoplasmic shuttling, such as PSPC1 (Paraspeckle component 1), TGIF1 (TGF-β Induced Factor Homeobox 1), NPM1 (Nucleophosmin), Mortalin and EBP50, that modulate shuttling (or cargo) proteins with opposite tumorigenic functions in different subcellular locations could be theranostic targets for developing anticancer strategies. For instance, PSPC1 was recently shown to be the contextual determinant of the TGF-β prometastatic switch and PTK6/β-catenin reciprocal oncogenic nucleocytoplasmic shuttling during hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression. The innovative nucleocytoplasmic shuttling inhibitor PSPC1 C-terminal 131 polypeptide (PSPC1-CT131), which was developed to target both the shuttling determinant PSPC1 and the shuttling protein PTK6, maintained their tumor-suppressive characteristics and exhibited synergistic effects on tumor suppression in HCC cells and mouse models. In summary, targeting the contextual determinants of nucleocytoplasmic shuttling with cargo proteins having opposite tumorigenic functions in different subcellular locations could be an innovative strategy for developing new therapeutic biomarkers and agents to improve cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaw-Dong Lang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, 11529, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yuh-Shan Jou
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, 11529, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Zeigler AC, Chandrabhatla AS, Christiansen SL, Nelson AR, Holmes JW, Saucerman JJ. Network model-based screen for FDA-approved drugs affecting cardiac fibrosis. CPT Pharmacometrics Syst Pharmacol 2021; 10:377-388. [PMID: 33571402 PMCID: PMC8099443 DOI: 10.1002/psp4.12599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac fibrosis is a significant component of pathological heart remodeling, yet it is not directly targeted by existing drugs. Systems pharmacology approaches have the potential to provide mechanistic frameworks with which to predict and understand how drugs modulate biological systems. Here, we combine network modeling of the fibroblast signaling network with 36 unique drug-target interactions from DrugBank to predict drugs that modulate fibroblast phenotype and fibrosis. Galunisertib was predicted to decrease collagen and α-SMA expression, which we validated in human cardiac fibroblasts. In vivo fibrosis data from the literature validated predictions for 10 drugs. Further, the model was used to identify network mechanisms by which these drugs work. Arsenic trioxide was predicted to induce fibrosis by AP1-driven TGFβ expression and MMP2-driven TGFβ activation. Entresto (valsartan/sacubitril) was predicted to suppress fibrosis by valsartan suppression of ERK signaling and sacubitril enhancement of PKG activity, both of which decreased Smad3 activity. Overall, this study provides a framework for integrating drug-target mechanisms with logic-based network models, which can drive further studies both in cardiac fibrosis and other conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela C. Zeigler
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVirginiaUSA
| | | | | | - Anders R. Nelson
- Department of PharmacologyUniversity of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVirginiaUSA
| | - Jeffrey W. Holmes
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVirginiaUSA
- Division of Cardiovascular MedicineUniversity of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVirginiaUSA
| | - Jeffrey J. Saucerman
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVirginiaUSA
- Division of Cardiovascular MedicineUniversity of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVirginiaUSA
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D'Urso M, Kurniawan NA. Mechanical and Physical Regulation of Fibroblast-Myofibroblast Transition: From Cellular Mechanoresponse to Tissue Pathology. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:609653. [PMID: 33425874 PMCID: PMC7793682 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.609653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibroblasts are cells present throughout the human body that are primarily responsible for the production and maintenance of the extracellular matrix (ECM) within the tissues. They have the capability to modify the mechanical properties of the ECM within the tissue and transition into myofibroblasts, a cell type that is associated with the development of fibrotic tissue through an acute increase of cell density and protein deposition. This transition from fibroblast to myofibroblast-a well-known cellular hallmark of the pathological state of tissues-and the environmental stimuli that can induce this transition have received a lot of attention, for example in the contexts of asthma and cardiac fibrosis. Recent efforts in understanding how cells sense their physical environment at the micro- and nano-scales have ushered in a new appreciation that the substrates on which the cells adhere provide not only passive influence, but also active stimulus that can affect fibroblast activation. These studies suggest that mechanical interactions at the cell-substrate interface play a key role in regulating this phenotype transition by changing the mechanical and morphological properties of the cells. Here, we briefly summarize the reported chemical and physical cues regulating fibroblast phenotype. We then argue that a better understanding of how cells mechanically interact with the substrate (mechanosensing) and how this influences cell behaviors (mechanotransduction) using well-defined platforms that decouple the physical stimuli from the chemical ones can provide a powerful tool to control the balance between physiological tissue regeneration and pathological fibrotic response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirko D'Urso
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | - Nicholas A. Kurniawan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands
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Li Y, Li M, Wang X, Wang Y, Li C, Zhao Y, Li Z, Chen J, Li J, Ren K, Duan X, Ren J, Han X, Li Q. Arsenic trioxide-eluting electrospun nanofiber-covered self-expandable metallic stent reduces granulation tissue hyperplasia in rabbit trachea. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 16:015013. [PMID: 33325379 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/abb25a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Stent-related granulation tissue hyperplasia is a major complication that limits the application of stents in airways. In this study, an arsenic trioxide-eluting electrospun nanofiber-covered self-expandable metallic stent (ATO-NFCS) was developed. Poly-L-lactide-caprolactone (PLCL) was selected as the drug-carrying polymer. Stents with two different ATO contents (0.4% ATO/PLCL and 1.2% ATO/PLCL) were fabricated. The in vitro release in simulated airway fluid suggested that the total ATO release time was 1 d. The growth of human embryonic pulmonary fibroblasts (CCC-HPF-1), normal human bronchial epithelial cells and airway smooth muscle cells was inhibited by ATO. When embedded in paravertebral muscle, the nanofiber membrane showed good short-term and long-term biological effects. In an animal study, placement of the ATO-NFCS in the trachea through a delivery system under fluoroscopy was feasible. The changes in liver and kidney function 1 and 7 d after ATO-NFCS placement were within the normal range. On pathological examination, the heart, liver, spleen, lungs and kidneys were normal. The effectiveness of the ATO-NFCS in reducing granulation tissue hyperplasia and collagen deposition was demonstrated in the rabbit airway (n = 18) at 4 weeks. The present study preliminarily investigated the efficacy of the ATO-NFCS in reducing granulation tissue formation in the trachea of rabbits. The results suggest that the ATO-NFCS is safe in vivo, easy to place, and effective for the suppression of granulation tissue formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yahua Li
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China. Interventional Treatment and Clinical Research Center of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China. These authors contributed equally to this work
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Role of PML SUMOylation in arsenic trioxide-induced fibrosis in HSCs. Life Sci 2020; 251:117607. [PMID: 32240679 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 03/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Arsenic trioxide (ATO) can bind directly to the human promyelocytic leukemia (PML) protein, leading to modification of PML by SUMOs. UBC9 is the only known E2-conjugating enzyme involved in SUMOylation. PML degradation via RNF4, an E3 ubiquitin ligases family member. PML is key organizer of nuclear bodies (NBs) that regulate many biological processes such as senescence, and DNA damage. ATO can activate the TGFβ/Smad signaling pathway, causing liver fibrosis. However, the roles of PML Sumoylation in ATO-induced liver fibrosis remain unclear. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the role of PML Sumoylation in the ATO-induced HSCs activation and to improve the mechanism of ATO-induced liver fibrosis. METHODS Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) were treated with 2 μmol/L ATO. Cell viability was detected by CCK-8 analysis. Immunoblot analysis and real-time quantitative PCR were used to detect the expression of IL-1β, TNF-α, TGF-β1, p-Smad2/3, α-SMA, Collagen I and PML SUMOylation after silencing PML, UBC9, and RNF4, respectively. The formation of PML-NBs was observed by immunofluorescence staining. RESULTS 2 and 5 μmol/L ATO intervention increased HSCs cell viability. ATO was able to significantly trigger PML SUMOylation and the formation of PML-NBs. Inhibition of SUMOylated PML by silencing UBC9, subsequently preventing the downregulation of HSCs activation indicators induced by ATO (P < 0.05). Conversely, enhancing SUMOylated PML accumulation by silencing RNF4, activating TGFβ/Smad signaling pathway, eventually promoting the induction of liver fibrosis. CONCLUSION These results indicated that PML SUMOylation plays a critical role in the development of liver fibrosis induced by ATO.
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Sun P, Qie S, Liu Z, Ren J, Li K, Xi J. Clinical characteristics of hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection: A single arm meta-analysis. J Med Virol 2020; 92:612-617. [PMID: 32108351 PMCID: PMC7228255 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.25735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 292] [Impact Index Per Article: 73.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Objective We aim to summarize reliable evidence of evidence‐based medicine for the treatment and prevention of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) by analyzing all the published studies on the clinical characteristics of patients with SARS‐CoV‐2. Methods PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, and other databases were searched. Several studies on the clinical characteristics of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection were collected for meta‐analysis. Results Ten studies were included in Meta‐analysis, including a total number of 50466 patients with SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. Meta‐analysis shows that, among these patients, the incidence of fever was 0.891 (95% CI: 0.818, 0.945), the incidence of cough was 0.722 (95% CI: 0.657, 0.782), and the incidence of muscle soreness or fatigue was 0.425 (95% CI: 0.213, 0.652). The incidence of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) was 0.148 (95% CI: 0.046, 0.296), the incidence of abnormal chest computer tomography (CT) was 0.966 (95% CI: 0.921, 0.993), the percentage of severe cases in all infected cases was 0.181 (95% CI: 0.127, 0.243), and the case fatality rate of patients with SARS‐CoV‐2 infection was 0.043 (95% CI: 0.027, 0.061). Conclusion Fever and cough are the most common symptoms in patients with SARS‐CoV‐2 infection, and most of these patients have abnormal chest CT examination. Several people have muscle soreness or fatigue as well as ARDS. Diarrhea, hemoptysis, headache, sore throat, shock, and other symptoms are rare. The case fatality rate of patients with SARS‐CoV‐2 infection is lower than that of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS). This meta‐analysis also has limitations, so the conclusions of this Meta‐analysis still need to be verified by more relevant studies with more careful design, more rigorous execution, and larger sample size. A total of 10 articles were included in the Meta‐analysis, including 50466 patients with SARS‐CoV‐2 infection, which was by far the first Meta‐analysis with the largest sample size. The quality of the literature included in this study is high, the analysis performed is rigorous, and the conclusions drawn by this study are highly credible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Sun
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo, China
| | - Shuyan Qie
- Department of Rehabilitation, Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zongjian Liu
- Department of Rehabilitation, Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jizhen Ren
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Kun Li
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Qingdao Eighth People's Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Jianing Xi
- Department of Respiratory Rehabilitation, Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Su Y, Wang F, Hu Q, Qu Y, Han Y. Arsenic trioxide inhibits proliferation of retinal pigment epithelium by downregulating expression of extracellular matrix and p27. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2020; 13:172-178. [PMID: 32211097 PMCID: PMC7061785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the effect of arsenic trioxide (ATO) on the proliferation of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and its mechanism. RPE cells were cultivated with 0.5-11 μmol/L ATO for 24, 48, and 72 h and their survival and growth were measured by MTT assay. The expression of p27 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in RPE cells was detected using cell immunofluorescence and western blotting. Dose-dependency was evident in both the experimental and control groups. The 50% inhibitory concentration was obtained at a concentration of 6 mol/L with cells treated for 3 days. The optimum concentration of ATO was 6 μmol/L based on the result of MTT. After the third day of ATO treatment, the number of cells was significantly lower in the experimental group compared with the control group. The expression of extracellular matrix (ECM) components decreased relative to the control group. The expression of p27 and PCNA declined gradually in cells treated for 72 h at 6 μmol/L ATO compared with the control group. The difference between the experimental and control groups was significant (P=0.005). ATO has the ability to inhibit the growth and proliferation of RPE cells by regulating the expression of the ECM components' p27 and PCNA, in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Thus, ATO may lead to an innovative method for the treatment of proliferative retinopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Su
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical UniversityHarbin, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical UniversityHarbin, China
| | - Qi Hu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical UniversityHarbin, China
| | - Yixin Qu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical UniversityHarbin, China
| | - Ying Han
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical UniversityHarbin, China
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Zhang S, Jia X, Zhang Q, Zhang L, Yang J, Hu C, Shi J, Jiang X, Lu J, Shen H. Neutrophil extracellular traps activate lung fibroblast to induce polymyositis-related interstitial lung diseases via TLR9-miR-7-Smad2 pathway. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 24:1658-1669. [PMID: 31821687 PMCID: PMC6991674 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Revised: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Excessive neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation may contribute to polymyositis (PM)‐associated interstitial lung diseases (ILD), but the underlying mechanism is not fully revealed. In this study, we found that NET accelerated the progression of ILD and promoted pulmonary fibrosis (PF) in vivo. miR‐7 expression was down‐regulated in lung tissue of PM group than control group, and NETs further decreased miR‐7 expression. TLR9 and Smad2 were up‐regulated in lung tissue of PM group than control group, and NETs further increased TLR9 and Smad2 expressions. In vitro experiments showed that PMA‐treated NETs accelerated the proliferation of LF and their differentiation into myofibroblast (MF), whereas DNase I decreased the promotion effect of NETs. Neutrophil extracellular trap components myeloperoxidase (MPO) and histone 3 also promoted the proliferation and differentiation of LF. In addition, we demonstrated that TLR9 involved in the regulation of NETs on LF proliferation and differentiation, and confirmed the interaction between miR‐7 and Smad2 in LF. Finally, miR‐7‐Smad2 pathway was confirmed to be involved in the regulation of TLR9 on LF proliferation and differentiation. Therefore, NETs promote PM‐related ILD, and TLR9‐miR‐7‐Smad2 signalling pathway is involved in the proliferation of LFs and their differentiation into MFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sigong Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xueqin Jia
- Department of Rheumatology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Qiuyue Zhang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Rheumatology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Caihong Hu
- Department of Endocrinology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Junnian Shi
- Department of Pneumology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiao Jiang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jinyue Lu
- Department of Rheumatology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Haili Shen
- Department of Rheumatology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
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Arsenic trioxide and curcumin attenuate cisplatin-induced renal fibrosis in rats through targeting Hedgehog signaling. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2019; 393:303-313. [PMID: 31612257 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-019-01734-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Renal fibrosis is a progressive process resulting from a sustained injury that may ultimately cause renal failure. Cisplatin is an antitumor drug that induces renal injury and nephrotoxicity and is widely employed as a model for acute and chronic renal injury. Several signaling pathways are implicated in fibrogenic cell activation among which is Hedgehog (Hh) signaling. We here investigated the effects of arsenic trioxide (Ars) and curcumin in ameliorating cisplatin-induced kidney fibrosis via regulating Hh signaling. Cisplatin (4.5 mg/kg) was administered in Sprague-Dawley rats for two consecutive days and renal fibrosis was induced after 21 days. Once renal fibrosis was confirmed, Ars (3.5 mg/kg/day, orally) and curcumin (200 mg/kg/day, orally) were administered daily for another 21 days. Ars and curcumin corrected kidney function markers as creatinine clearance and urea nitrogen. Both agents ameliorated fibrosis as shown by lowered TGF-β1 mRNA levels, α-SMA protein levels, and hydroxylproline content. Cisplatin-activated Hh signaling which was blocked by both Ars and curcumin as demonstrated by decreased mRNA levels of Shh, Smo, and Ptch and suppressed renal Gli1 and Gli2 protein levels. Our results indicate new therapeutic roles for Ars and curcumin and suggest that blocking Hh signaling may be a promising approach for alleviating renal fibrosis. Symbols indicate α-SMA, alpha-smooth muscle actin; TGF-β, transforming growth factor-beta; Ptch, patched; Smo, smoothened; Shh, sonic hedgehog; Ihh, Indian hedgehog; Dhh, desert hedgehog; and SUFU, suppressor of fused.
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Liu L, Yang H, Guo Y, Yang G, Chen Y. The impact of chronic endometritis on endometrial fibrosis and reproductive prognosis in patients with moderate and severe intrauterine adhesions: a prospective cohort study. Fertil Steril 2019; 111:1002-1010.e2. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2019.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Revised: 01/05/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Dai J, Xu M, Zhang X, Niu Q, Hu Y, Li Y, Li S. Bi-directional regulation of TGF-β/Smad pathway by arsenic: A systemic review and meta-analysis of in vivo and in vitro studies. Life Sci 2019; 220:92-105. [PMID: 30703382 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.01.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Revised: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Arsenic exposure can cause fibrosis of organs including the liver, heart and lung. It was reported that TGF-β/Smad pathway played a crucial role in the process of fibrosis. However, the mechanism of arsenic-induced fibrosis through TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway has remained controversial. OBJECTIVE A systematic review and meta-analysis was performed to clarify the relationship between arsenic and TGF-β/Smad pathway, providing a theoretical basis of fibrosis process caused by arsenic. METHODS A meta-analysis was used to reveal a correlation between arsenic and fibrosis markers of TGF-β/Smad pathway, including 47 articles of both in vivo and in vitro studies. (Standardized Mean Difference) SMD was employed to compare and analyze the combined effects. When I2 > was 50%, random effect model was selected and subgroup analysis was used to explore the source of heterogeneity. RESULTS Arsenic exposure up-regulated the expression of TGF-β1, p-Smad2/3, α-SMA, Collagen1/3 and FN. The dose-response relationship showed that low dose (≤5 μmol/L) arsenic exposure up-regulated the expression of TGF-β1, whereas high doses had a tendency to down-regulate that of TGF-β1. Subgroup analysis showed that low or short-term arsenic exposure induced the expression of TGF-β1 and fibrosis markers. CONCLUSION The results indicated that arsenic activates the TGF-β/Smad pathway and induced fibrosis. The mechanism is related to the up-regulation of NADPH oxidase and ROS accumulation. However, high-dose arsenic exposure may inhibit this pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyuan Dai
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, Xinjiang, China
| | - Mengchuan Xu
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, Xinjiang, China
| | - Xiaoran Zhang
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, Xinjiang, China
| | - Qiang Niu
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, Xinjiang, China
| | - Yunhua Hu
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, Xinjiang, China
| | - Yu Li
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, Xinjiang, China
| | - Shugang Li
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, Xinjiang, China.
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Saito S, Zhuang Y, Suzuki T, Ota Y, Bateman ME, Alkhatib AL, Morris GF, Lasky JA. HDAC8 inhibition ameliorates pulmonary fibrosis. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2019; 316:L175-L186. [PMID: 30358439 PMCID: PMC6383499 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00551.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2017] [Revised: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 10/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a fibroproliferative lung disease, and fibroblast-myofibroblast differentiation (FMD) is thought to be a key event in the pathogenesis of IPF. Histone deacetylase-8 (HDAC8) has been shown to associate with α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA; a marker of FMD) and regulates cell contractility in vascular smooth muscle cells. However, the role of HDAC8 in FMD or pulmonary fibrosis has never been reported. This study investigated the role of HDAC8 in pulmonary fibrosis with a focus on FMD. We observed that HDAC8 expression was increased in IPF lung tissue as well as transforming growth factor (TGF)β1-treated normal human lung fibroblasts (NHLFs). Immunoprecipitation experiments revealed that HDAC8 was associated with α-SMA in TGFβ1-treated NHLFs. HDAC8 inhibition with NCC170 (HDAC8-selective inhibitor) repressed TGFβ1-induced fibroblast contraction and α-SMA protein expression in NHLFs cultured in collagen gels. HDAC8 inhibition with HDAC8 siRNA also repressed TGFβ1-induced expression of profibrotic molecules such as fibronectin and increased expression of antifibrotic molecules such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ). Chromatin immunoprecipitation quantitative PCR using an antibody against H3K27ac (histone H3 acetylated at lysine 27; a known HDAC8 substrate and a marker for active enhancers) suggested that HDAC8 inhibition with NCC170 ameliorated TGFβ1-induced loss of H3K27ac at the PPARγ gene enhancer. Furthermore, NCC170 treatment significantly decreased fibrosis measured by Ashcroft score as well as expression of type 1 collagen and fibronectin in bleomycin-treated mouse lungs. These data suggest that HDAC8 contributes to pulmonary fibrosis and that there is a therapeutic potential for HDAC8 inhibitors to treat IPF as well as other fibrotic lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigeki Saito
- Department of Medicine, Section of Pulmonary Diseases, Critical Care and Environmental Medicine, Tulane University Health Science Center , New Orleans, Louisiana
- Louisiana Clinical and Translational Science Center, Roadmap Scholars Program, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Yan Zhuang
- Department of Medicine, Section of Pulmonary Diseases, Critical Care and Environmental Medicine, Tulane University Health Science Center , New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Takayoshi Suzuki
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Medical Science Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Kyoto , Japan
| | - Yosuke Ota
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Medical Science Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Kyoto , Japan
| | - Marjorie E Bateman
- Department of Medicine, Section of Pulmonary Diseases, Critical Care and Environmental Medicine, Tulane University Health Science Center , New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Ala L Alkhatib
- Department of Medicine, Section of Pulmonary Diseases, Critical Care and Environmental Medicine, Tulane University Health Science Center , New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Gilbert F Morris
- Department of Pathology, Tulane University Health Science Center , New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Joseph A Lasky
- Department of Medicine, Section of Pulmonary Diseases, Critical Care and Environmental Medicine, Tulane University Health Science Center , New Orleans, Louisiana
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Michalik M, Wójcik-Pszczoła K, Paw M, Wnuk D, Koczurkiewicz P, Sanak M, Pękala E, Madeja Z. Fibroblast-to-myofibroblast transition in bronchial asthma. Cell Mol Life Sci 2018; 75:3943-3961. [PMID: 30101406 PMCID: PMC6182337 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-018-2899-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2018] [Revised: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Bronchial asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease in which bronchial wall remodelling plays a significant role. This phenomenon is related to enhanced proliferation of airway smooth muscle cells, elevated extracellular matrix protein secretion and an increased number of myofibroblasts. Phenotypic fibroblast-to-myofibroblast transition represents one of the primary mechanisms by which myofibroblasts arise in fibrotic lung tissue. Fibroblast-to-myofibroblast transition requires a combination of several types of factors, the most important of which are divided into humoural and mechanical factors, as well as certain extracellular matrix proteins. Despite intensive research on the nature of this process, its underlying mechanisms during bronchial airway wall remodelling in asthma are not yet fully clarified. This review focuses on what is known about the nature of fibroblast-to-myofibroblast transition in asthma. We aim to consider possible mechanisms and conditions that may play an important role in fibroblast-to-myofibroblast transition but have not yet been discussed in this context. Recent studies have shown that some inherent and previously undescribed features of fibroblasts can also play a significant role in fibroblast-to-myofibroblast transition. Differences observed between asthmatic and non-asthmatic bronchial fibroblasts (e.g., response to transforming growth factor β, cell shape, elasticity, and protein expression profile) may have a crucial influence on this phenomenon. An accurate understanding and recognition of all factors affecting fibroblast-to-myofibroblast transition might provide an opportunity to discover efficient methods of counteracting this phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Michalik
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387, Kraków, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Wójcik-Pszczoła
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387, Kraków, Poland.
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland.
| | - Milena Paw
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387, Kraków, Poland
| | - Dawid Wnuk
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387, Kraków, Poland
| | - Paulina Koczurkiewicz
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387, Kraków, Poland
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Marek Sanak
- Division of Molecular Biology and Clinical Genetics, Department of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Skawińska 8, 31-066, Kraków, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Pękala
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Zbigniew Madeja
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387, Kraków, Poland
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Zhong L, Hao H, Chen D, Hou Q, Zhu Z, He W, Sun S, Sun M, Li M, Fu X. Arsenic trioxide inhibits the differentiation of fibroblasts to myofibroblasts through nuclear factor erythroid 2‐like 2 (NFE2L2) protein and the Smad2/3 pathway. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:2606-2617. [PMID: 30317545 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lingzhi Zhong
- Institute of Basic Medical Science, Wound Healing and Cell Biology Laboratory, Institute of Basic Medical Science, Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijing China
| | - Haojie Hao
- Institute of Basic Medical Science, Wound Healing and Cell Biology Laboratory, Institute of Basic Medical Science, Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijing China
| | - Deyun Chen
- Institute of Basic Medical Science, Wound Healing and Cell Biology Laboratory, Institute of Basic Medical Science, Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijing China
| | - Qian Hou
- Institute of Basic Medical Science, Wound Healing and Cell Biology Laboratory, Institute of Basic Medical Science, Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijing China
| | - Ziying Zhu
- Institute of Basic Medical Science, Wound Healing and Cell Biology Laboratory, Institute of Basic Medical Science, Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijing China
| | - Wenjun He
- Institute of Basic Medical Science, Wound Healing and Cell Biology Laboratory, Institute of Basic Medical Science, Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijing China
| | - Sujing Sun
- Institute of Basic Medical Science, Wound Healing and Cell Biology Laboratory, Institute of Basic Medical Science, Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijing China
| | - Mengli Sun
- Institute of Basic Medical Science, Wound Healing and Cell Biology Laboratory, Institute of Basic Medical Science, Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijing China
| | - Meirong Li
- Institute of Basic Medical Science, Wound Healing and Cell Biology Laboratory, Institute of Basic Medical Science, Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijing China
- Central Laboratory, Trauma Treatment Center, Central Laboratory, Chinese PLA General Hospital Hainan BranchSanya China
| | - Xiaobing Fu
- Institute of Basic Medical Science, Wound Healing and Cell Biology Laboratory, Institute of Basic Medical Science, Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijing China
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Zhang H, Yang Y, Wang Y, Wang B, Li R. Renal-protective effect of thalidomide in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats through anti-inflammatory pathway. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2018; 12:89-98. [PMID: 29386886 PMCID: PMC5765978 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s149298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Background Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a major microvascular complication in diabetes. An increasing body of evidence has shown that DN is related to chronic inflammation, kidney hypertrophy, and fibrosis. While thalidomide has been shown to have anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic effects, the effects of thalidomide on the pathogenesis of DN are unclear. This study was undertaken to explore whether thalidomide has renal-protective effects in diabetic rats. Methods Male Sprague Dawley rats were injected intraperitoneally with 50 mg/kg streptozotocin to induce diabetes. Diabetic rats were treated with thalidomide (200 mg/kg/d) for 8 weeks, and then blood and urine were collected for measurement of renal function-related parameters. Histopathology, immunohistochemistry, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and Western blot analyses were performed to assess renal proinflammatory cytokines, fibrotic protein, and related signaling pathways. Results Diabetic rats exhibited obvious renal structural and functional abnormalities, as well as renal inflammation and fibrosis. Compared with diabetic control rats, those treated with thalidomide showed significantly improved histological alterations and biomarkers of renal function, as well as reduced expression of renal inflammatory cytokines, including NF-κB and MCP-1. Furthermore, renal fibrotic proteins, such as TGF-β1, TβRII, TβRI, smad3, collagen IV, and fibronectin were also remarkably suppressed. Treatment with thalidomide markedly stimulated the phosphorylation of AMPKα. Conclusion In this study, thalidomide suppressed the inflammatory and fibrotic processes in DN. These effects were partly mediated by the activation of AMPKα, and inhibition of the NF-κB/MCP-1 and TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathways. These results suggest that thalidomide may have therapeutic potential in diabetic renal injury through the anti-inflammatory pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yanlan Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated People's Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
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Tubastatin ameliorates pulmonary fibrosis by targeting the TGFβ-PI3K-Akt pathway. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0186615. [PMID: 29045477 PMCID: PMC5646855 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0186615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic, progressive and fatal disease. Histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) alters function and fate of various proteins via deacetylation of lysine residues, and is implicated in TGF-β1-induced EMT (epithelial-mesenchymal transition). However, the role of HDAC6 in pulmonary fibrosis is unknown. METHODS HDAC6 expression in IPF and control lungs was assessed by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and immunoblots. Lung fibroblasts were treated with TGF-β1 ± HDAC6 inhibitors (Tubacin, Tubastatin, ACY1215, or MC1568), and fibrotic markers such as type I collagen were assessed using qRT-PCR and immunoblots. Mice were treated with bleomycin (oropharyngeal aspiration; single dose) ± Tubastatin (intraperitoneally injection; daily for 21 days), and lung collagen expression was gauged using immunoblots and trichrome staining. In a separate experiment, HDAC6 wild-type (WT) and knockout (KO) mice were administered bleomycin, and lungs were evaluated in the same manner. RESULTS HDAC6 expression was deregulated in IPF lungs. Among the HDAC6 inhibitors tested, only Tubastatin significantly repressed TGF-β1-induced expression of type-1 collagen in lung fibroblasts, and this finding was coupled with decreased Akt phosphorylation and increased Akt-PHLPP (PH domain and Leucine rich repeat Protein Phosphatase) association. Tubastatin repressed TGF-β1-induced S6K phosphorylation, HIF-1α expression, and VEGF expression. Tubastatin also repressed TGF-β1-induced inhibition of LC3B-II (a marker of autophagosome formation). In bleomycin-treated mouse lungs, HDAC6 expression was increased, and Tubastatin repressed type-1 collagen expression. However, in HDAC6 KO mice, bleomycin-induced type-1 collagen expression was not repressed compared to WT mice. Knockdown of HDAC6, as well as HDAC10, another potential Tubastatin target, did not inhibit TGF-β1-induced collagen expression in lung fibroblasts. CONCLUSIONS HDAC6 expression is altered during lung fibrogenesis. Tubastatin represses TGF-β1-induced collagen expression, by diminishing Akt phosphorylation and regulating downstream targets such as HIF-1α-VEGF axis and autophagy. Tubastatin-treated WT mice are protected against bleomycin-induced fibrosis, but HDAC6 KO mice are not. Our data suggest that Tubastatin ameliorates pulmonary fibrosis, by targeting the TGFβ-PI3K-Akt pathway, likely via an HDAC6-independent mechanism.
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Ren R, Mao Y, Ruan Z, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Du J, Yu W. Celastrol attenuates ventilator induced lung injury in mouse through inhibition of MAPK pathway. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2017; 10:9302-9309. [PMID: 31966802 PMCID: PMC6965913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Previous studies have shown that celastrol has anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative and anti-tumor activities, but little is known about its protective effects on ventilator induced lung injury (VILI). This study is aimed to investigate the effects of celastrol on VILI and explore its potential mechanism. METHODS A total of 40 ICR male mice aged 7-9 weeks were randomly divided into 4 groups (n=10 per group): control group (Con), control + celastrol group (Con+Ce), mechanical ventilation group (Ven) and mechanical ventilation + celastrol group (Ven+Ce). The lungs were collected for histological examination, detection of W/D, and MPO, MDA, SOD, inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-α) by ELISA, p-P38 and p-JNK 1/2 protein by Western blotting, and collagen-1 and TGF-β mRNA expression by RT-PCR. RESULTS The W/D in the Ven group was significantly higher than the W/D in the Con group and the Ven+Ce group (both P<0.01). Mechanical ventilation for 4 h markedly increased lung MPO and MDA activity, TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6, but dramatically reduced SOD and IL-10 (all P<0.01). However, celastrol pre-treatment compromised the increased MPO, MDA, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 (all P<0.01) and significantly increased SOD (P=0.035<0.05) and IL-10 (P<0.01). In addition, mRNA level of collagen-1 and TGF-β as well as p-P38 and p-JNK 1/2 protein expression increased significantly (P<0.01) after mechanical ventilation, which however were markedly reduced in the presence of celastrol pre-treatment. CONCLUSION Celastrol pre-treatment may exert anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects and related lung fibrosis to attenuate VILI in mice, which may be related to the inhibition of p-P38 and p-JNK 1/2 by MAPK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongrong Ren
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, The Second Military Medical UniversityShanghai 200438, China
- Department of Anesthesiology and Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Xin Hua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200092, China
| | - Yanfei Mao
- Department of Anesthesiology and Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Xin Hua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200092, China
| | - Zhengshang Ruan
- Department of Anesthesiology and Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Xin Hua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200092, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Xin Hua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200092, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Xin Hua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200092, China
| | - Junming Du
- Department of Anesthesiology and Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Xin Hua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200092, China
| | - Weifeng Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, The Second Military Medical UniversityShanghai 200438, China
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Xing Y, Wang L, Wang H, Kong X, Zhan L. Dynamic expression of transformating growth factor-β1 and caveolin-1 in the lung of Bleomycin-induced interstitial lung disease. J Thorac Dis 2017; 9:2360-2368. [PMID: 28932540 DOI: 10.21037/jtd.2017.07.01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is a disease with high mortality worldwide. Unfortunately, its prognosis is still very poor. Therefore, developing the target molecular is very important for ILD diagnosis and treatment. Caveolin-1 (Cav-1) can regulate the formation of fibrosis by linking to the signaling pathway of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), which is generally considered to be the most effective approach to solve the problem of ILD. METHODS The rat model of ILD was induced by disposable transtracheal injection of bleomycin hydrochloride. Rats were sacrificed in batches on days 7, 14, 21 and 28 after modeling, and the lung tissues was obtained for histopathological examination (HE) and Masson staining. Expressions of TGF-β1 and Cav-1 in the lungs were measured by western blot and real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). RESULTS Pulmonary inflammation was observed in lung tissue from day 7 after modeling; fibrosis was observed from day 14 after modeling; the collagen deposition reached the peak on day 21. Significant TGF-β1 up-regulation and Cav-1 down-regulation appeared in the inflammatory phase (7d); TGF-β1 expression level reached the peak and Cav-1 expression level reached the minimum on day 21-28 with the most obvious fibrosis. CONCLUSIONS The rat model of bleomycin induced pulmonary fibrosis can be used to dynamically observe the progress of ILD. In the lung tissues from inflammation to fibrosis, TGF-β1 expression was significantly up-regulated and Cav-1 expression was significantly down-regulated. The regulation of two protein expressions is closely related to the occurrence and development of ILD in rats. The regulation of TGF-β1 and Cav-1 expressions and the balance between the two can be used as a possible target of ILD therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yida Xing
- Department of Rheumatology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116021, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Rheumatology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116021, China
| | - Hongjiang Wang
- Department of Rheumatology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116021, China
| | - Xiaodan Kong
- Department of Rheumatology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116021, China
| | - Libin Zhan
- Department of Basic Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
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Ma SY, Park WS, Lee DS, Choi G, Yim MJ, Lee JM, Jung WK, Park SG, Seo SK, Park SJ, Han IY, Choi YH, Choi IW. Fucoxanthin inhibits profibrotic protein expression in vitro and attenuates bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis in vivo. Eur J Pharmacol 2017. [PMID: 28642129 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2017.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis, a potentially fatal disease, results from acute and chronic interstitial lung diseases. Fucoxanthin (Fx), a carotenoid found in brown seaweed, shows a wide range of pharmacological activities. In this study, we investigated the antifibrotic effects of fucoxanthin and their underlying molecular mechanisms in transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-β1)-stimulated human pulmonary fibroblasts (HPFs). Thus, the effects of Fx on TGF-β1-induced expression of fibrotic factors, such as alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), type 1 collagen, fibronectin, and interleukin-6 (IL-6), in HPFs were investigated. We performed an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and a western blot analysis to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the antifibrotic effects of Fx in TGF-β1-stimulated cells. The contractile activity of HPFs was measured using a collagen gel contraction assay. We also investigated the effects of Fx on inflammation and fibrosis in bleomycin (BLM)-induced pulmonary fibrosis mouse model. We observed that Fx inhibited the TGF-β1-induced expression of α-SMA, type 1 collagen, fibronectin, and IL-6 in HPFs. Similarly, markedly inhibition of TGF-β1-induced phosphorylation of p-38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt, and Smad2/Smad3 (Smad2/3) was observed after Fx treatment. Collagen contraction also significantly decreased on fucoxanthin treatment. Intraperitoneal injection of Fx (10mg/kg) in mice inhibited BLM-induced lung fibrosis and type I collagen protein expression. Overall, our findings suggest that Fx may be effective in the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis owing to its potent antifibrotic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun Young Ma
- Department of Radiation Oncology, College of Medicine, Kosin University, Busan 49267, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Sun Park
- Department of Physiology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Sung Lee
- Department of Applied Research, National Marine Biodiversity Institute of Korea, Seocheon 33662, Republic of Korea
| | - Grace Choi
- Department of Applied Research, National Marine Biodiversity Institute of Korea, Seocheon 33662, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Jin Yim
- Department of Applied Research, National Marine Biodiversity Institute of Korea, Seocheon 33662, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Min Lee
- Department of Applied Research, National Marine Biodiversity Institute of Korea, Seocheon 33662, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Kyo Jung
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, and Center for Marine-Integrated Biomedical Technology (BK21 Plus), Pukyong National University, Nam-gu, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Sae Gwang Park
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Inje University, Busanjin-gu, Busan 47392, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Kil Seo
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Inje University, Busanjin-gu, Busan 47392, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Jae Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Busan Paik Hospital, College of Medicine, Inje University, Busan 47392, Republic of Korea
| | - Il Yong Han
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Busan Paik Hospital, College of Medicine, Inje University, Busan 47392, Republic of Korea
| | - Yung Hyun Choi
- Department of Biochemistry, Dong-Eui University College of Korean Medicine, Busan 47227, Republic of Korea
| | - Il-Whan Choi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Inje University, Busanjin-gu, Busan 47392, Republic of Korea.
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Shen C, Jiang L, Shao H, You C, Zhang G, Ding S, Bian T, Han C, Meng Q. Targeted killing of myofibroblasts by biosurfactant di-rhamnolipid suggests a therapy against scar formation. Sci Rep 2016; 6:37553. [PMID: 27901027 PMCID: PMC5128858 DOI: 10.1038/srep37553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pathological myofibroblasts are often involved in skin scarring via generating contractile force and over-expressing collagen fibers, but no compound has been found to inhibit the myofibroblasts without showing severe toxicity to surrounding physiological cells. Here we report that di-rhamnolipid, a biosurfactant secreted by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, showed potent effects on scar therapy via a unique mechanism of targeted killing the myofibroblasts. In cell culture, the fibroblasts-derived myofibroblasts were more sensitive to di-rhamnolipid toxicity than fibroblasts at a concentration-dependent manner, and could be completely inhibited of their specific functions including α-SMA expression and collagen secretion/contraction. The anti-fibrotic function of di-rhamnolipid was further verified in rabbit ear hypertrophic scar models by presenting the significant reduction of scar elevation index, type I collagen fibers and α-SMA expression. In this regard, di-rhamnolipid treatment could be suggested as a therapy against skin scarring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Shen
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Lifang Jiang
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Huawei Shao
- Department of Burns &Wound Care Centre, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, College of Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Chuangang You
- Department of Burns &Wound Care Centre, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, College of Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Guoliang Zhang
- Ocean College, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Sitong Ding
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Tingwei Bian
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Chunmao Han
- Department of Burns &Wound Care Centre, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, College of Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Qin Meng
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
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Elaidy SM, Essawy SS. The antifibrotic effects of alveolar macrophages 5-HT2C receptors blockade on bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in rats. Pharmacol Rep 2016; 68:1244-1253. [PMID: 27686964 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2016.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2016] [Revised: 07/23/2016] [Accepted: 08/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The most widespread chronic fibrosing lung disease is idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Lung serotonin (5-HT) content is increased during pulmonary fibrosis with the implication of 5-HT2 receptors in the pathogenesis. Serotonin plays important roles in alveolar macrophages function through 5-HT2C receptors activation. Numerous studies described the important role of 5-HT2A/B receptor blockers in suppressing different types of fibrosis as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. The current study pointed to examine the antifibrotic effects of RS-102221 and/or terguride through in vivo model of pulmonary fibrosis. METHODS Induction of pulmonary fibrosis was through a single dose of intra-tracheal bleomycin instillation (5mg/kg dissolved in phosphate buffer saline) in adult male albino Wistar rats. Next day of bleomycin instillation, intraperitoneal injection of RS-102221 (0.5mg/kg/d) and/or terguride (1.2mg/kg/d) were administered and continued for 14 days. RESULTS Noticeable increase in 5-HT2C receptors expression was observed in fibrotic lung tissues with marked allocation belonging to alveolar macrophages. Either RS-102221 or terguride reduced the increments in lung water contents, grading of lung fibrosis, lung tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-β1) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels in lung injury and fibrosis-induced by bleomycin. Moreover, collagen content and myofibroblasts-alpha smooth muscle actin (α-SМA) were significantly decreased. Additionally, the simultaneous administration of RS-102221 with terguride had a synergistic outcome compared to that obtained by individual monotherapy. CONCLUSION These findings suggested the potential use of 5-HT2A/B/C antagonists as anti-fibrotic agents in lung fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samah M Elaidy
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt.
| | - Soha S Essawy
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt
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Reactive Oxygen Species Regulate T Cell Immune Response in the Tumor Microenvironment. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2016; 2016:1580967. [PMID: 27547291 PMCID: PMC4980531 DOI: 10.1155/2016/1580967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 178] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2016] [Revised: 06/06/2016] [Accepted: 06/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by cellular metabolism play an important role as signaling messengers in immune system. ROS elevated in the tumor microenvironment are associated with tumor-induced immunosuppression. T cell-based therapy has been recently approved to be effective for cancer treatment. However, T cells often become dysfunctional after reaching the tumor site. It has been reported that ROS participate extensively in T cells activation, apoptosis, and hyporesponsiveness. The sensitivity of T cells to ROS varies among different subsets. ROS can be regulated by cytokines, amino acid metabolism, and enzymatic activity. Immunosuppressive cells accumulate in the tumor microenvironment and induce apoptosis and functional suppression of T cells by producing ROS. Thus, modulating the level of ROS may be important to prolong survival of T cells and enhance their antitumor function. Combining T cell-based therapy with antioxidant treatment such as administration of ROS scavenger should be considered as a promising strategy in cancer treatment, aiming to improve antitumor T cells immunity.
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Banakh I, Lam A, Tiruvoipati R, Carney I, Botha J. Imatinib for bleomycin induced pulmonary toxicity: a case report and evidence-base review. Clin Case Rep 2016; 4:486-90. [PMID: 27190613 PMCID: PMC4856242 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2015] [Revised: 02/12/2016] [Accepted: 03/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The evidence supporting therapy with imatinib for bleomycin‐induced pneumonitis (BIP) is equivocal. Further experience is needed to establish its role in BIP management. While it may be considered in the management of BIP, it is important to be mindful of the adverse effects including thrombocytopenia and gastrointestinal bleeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iouri Banakh
- Department of Pharmacy Frankston Hospital Peninsula Health Frankston Vic. Australia
| | - Alice Lam
- Department of Pharmacy Frankston Hospital Peninsula Health Frankston Vic. Australia
| | - Ravindranath Tiruvoipati
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine Frankston Hospital Frankston Vic.3199 Australia; School of Public Health Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences Monash University Clayton Vic. 3800 Australia
| | - Ian Carney
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine Frankston Hospital Frankston Vic.3199 Australia; School of Public Health Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences Monash University Clayton Vic. 3800 Australia
| | - John Botha
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine Frankston Hospital Frankston Vic.3199 Australia; School of Public Health Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences Monash University Clayton Vic. 3800 Australia
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Togami K, Chono S, Tada H. Alteration in Intrapulmonary Pharmacokinetics of Aerosolized Model Compounds Due to Disruption of the Alveolar Epithelial Barriers Following Bleomycin-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis in Rats. J Pharm Sci 2016; 105:1327-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2015.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2015] [Revised: 12/06/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Jia H, François F, Bourien J, Eybalin M, Lloyd RV, Van De Water TR, Puel JL, Venail F. Prevention of trauma-induced cochlear fibrosis using intracochlear application of anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative drugs. Neuroscience 2015; 316:261-78. [PMID: 26718602 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2015.12.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2014] [Revised: 12/14/2015] [Accepted: 12/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Cochlear fibrosis is a common finding following cochlear implantation. Evidence suggests that cochlear fibrosis could be triggered by inflammation and epithelial-to-mesenchymal cell transition (EMT). In this study, we investigate the mechanisms of cochlear fibrosis and the risk/benefit ratio of local administration of the anti-inflammatory drug dexamethasone (DEX) and antimitotic drug aracytine (Ara-C). Cochlear fibrosis was evaluated in cochlear fibrosis models of rat cochlear slices in vitro and in KLH-induced immune labyrinthitis and platinum wire cochlear implantation-induced fibrosis in vivo. Cochleae were invaded with tissue containing fibroblastic cells expressing α-SMA (alpha smooth muscle actin), which along with collagen I, fibronectin, and laminin in the extracellular matrix, suggests the involvement of a fibrotic process triggered by EMT in vitro and in vivo. After perilymphatic injection of an adenoviral vector expressing GFP in vivo, we demonstrated that the fibroblastic cells derived from the mesothelial cells of the scalae tympani and vestibuli. Activation of inflammatory and EMT pathways was further assessed by ELISA analysis of the expression of IL-1β and TGF-β1. Both markers were elevated in vitro and in vivo, and DEX and Ara-C were able to reduce IL-1β and TGF-β1 production. After 5days of culture in vitro, quantification of calcein-positive cells revealed that Ara-C was 30-fold more efficient in preventing fibrosis, and provoked less sensory hair cell loss, than DEX. In KLH-induced immune labyrinthitis and platinum wire-implanted models, Ara-C was more efficient in preventing proliferation of fibrosis with less side effects on hair cells and neurons than DEX. In conclusion, DEX and Ara-C both prevent fibrosis in the cochlea. Analysis of the risk/benefit ratio favors the use of Ara-C for preventing cochlear fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Jia
- INSERM - UMR 1051, Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier, Montpellier, France; University Montpellier 1 & 2, Montpellier, France; Department of ORL H&N Surgery, Xinhua Hospital - Ear Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, China.
| | - F François
- INSERM - UMR 1051, Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier, Montpellier, France; University Montpellier 1 & 2, Montpellier, France.
| | - J Bourien
- INSERM - UMR 1051, Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier, Montpellier, France; University Montpellier 1 & 2, Montpellier, France.
| | - M Eybalin
- INSERM - UMR 1051, Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier, Montpellier, France; University Montpellier 1 & 2, Montpellier, France.
| | - R V Lloyd
- ENT Department, The Tunbridge Wells Hospital, Tunbridge Wells, UK.
| | - T R Van De Water
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Miami Ear Institute, Miami, FL, USA.
| | - J-L Puel
- INSERM - UMR 1051, Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier, Montpellier, France; University Montpellier 1 & 2, Montpellier, France.
| | - F Venail
- INSERM - UMR 1051, Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier, Montpellier, France; University Montpellier 1 & 2, Montpellier, France; ENT Department, University Hospital Gui de Chauliac, Montpellier, France.
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38
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Luo F, Le NB, Mills T, Chen NY, Karmouty-Quintana H, Molina JG, Davies J, Philip K, Volcik KA, Liu H, Xia Y, Eltzschig HK, Blackburn MR. Extracellular adenosine levels are associated with the progression and exacerbation of pulmonary fibrosis. FASEB J 2015; 30:874-83. [PMID: 26527068 DOI: 10.1096/fj.15-274845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Accepted: 10/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is a devastating lung disease with limited treatment options. The signaling molecule adenosine is produced in response to injury and serves a protective role in early stages of injury and is detrimental during chronic stages of disease such as seen in lung conditions such as pulmonary fibrosis. Understanding the association of extracellular adenosine levels and the progression of pulmonary fibrosis is critical for designing adenosine based approaches to treat pulmonary fibrosis. The goal of this study was to use various models of experimental lung fibrosis to understand when adenosine levels are elevated during pulmonary fibrosis and whether these elevations were associated with disease progression and severity. To accomplish this, extracellular adenosine levels, defined as adenosine levels found in bronchioalveolar lavage fluid, were determined in mouse models of resolvable and progressive pulmonary fibrosis. We found that relative bronchioalveolar lavage fluid adenosine levels are progressively elevated in association with pulmonary fibrosis and that adenosine levels diminish in association with the resolution of lung fibrosis. In addition, treatment of these models with dipyridamole, an inhibitor of nucleoside transporters that potentiates extracellular adenosine levels, demonstrated that the resolution of lung fibrosis is blocked by the failure of adenosine levels to subside. Furthermore, exacerbating adenosine levels led to worse fibrosis in a progressive fibrosis model. Increased adenosine levels were associated with elevation of IL-6 and IL-17, which are important inflammatory cytokines in pulmonary fibrosis. These results demonstrate that extracellular adenosine levels are closely associated with the progression of experimental pulmonary fibrosis and that this signaling pathway may mediate fibrosis by regulating IL-6 and IL-17 production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fayong Luo
- *Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA; Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA; and Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Ngoc-Bao Le
- *Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA; Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA; and Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Tingting Mills
- *Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA; Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA; and Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Ning-Yuan Chen
- *Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA; Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA; and Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Harry Karmouty-Quintana
- *Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA; Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA; and Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Jose G Molina
- *Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA; Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA; and Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Jonathan Davies
- *Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA; Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA; and Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Kemly Philip
- *Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA; Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA; and Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Kelly A Volcik
- *Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA; Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA; and Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Hong Liu
- *Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA; Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA; and Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Yang Xia
- *Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA; Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA; and Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Holger K Eltzschig
- *Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA; Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA; and Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Michael R Blackburn
- *Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA; Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA; and Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA
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Hirsutella sinensis mycelium attenuates bleomycin-induced pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis in vivo. Sci Rep 2015; 5:15282. [PMID: 26497260 PMCID: PMC4620496 DOI: 10.1038/srep15282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2015] [Accepted: 09/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Hirsutella sinensis mycelium (HSM), the anamorph of Cordyceps sinensis, is a traditional Chinese medicine that has been shown to possess various pharmacological properties. We previously reported that this fungus suppresses interleukin-1β and IL-18 secretion by inhibiting both canonical and non-canonical inflammasomes in human macrophages. However, whether HSM may be used to prevent lung fibrosis and the mechanism underlying this activity remain unclear. Our results show that pretreatment with HSM inhibits TGF-β1–induced expression of fibronectin and α-SMA in lung fibroblasts. HSM also restores superoxide dismutase expression in TGF-β1–treated lung fibroblasts and inhibits reactive oxygen species production in lung epithelial cells. Furthermore, HSM pretreatment markedly reduces bleomycin–induced lung injury and fibrosis in mice. Accordingly, HSM reduces inflammatory cell accumulation in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and proinflammatory cytokines levels in lung tissues. The HSM extract also significantly reduces TGF-β1 in lung tissues, and this effect is accompanied by decreased collagen 3α1 and α-SMA levels. Moreover, HSM reduces expression of the NLRP3 inflammasome and P2X7R in lung tissues, whereas it enhances expression of superoxide dismutase. These findings suggest that HSM may be used for the treatment of pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis.
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40
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Merna N, Fung KM, Wang JJ, King CR, Hansen KC, Christman KL, George SC. Differential β3 Integrin Expression Regulates the Response of Human Lung and Cardiac Fibroblasts to Extracellular Matrix and Its Components. Tissue Eng Part A 2015; 21:2195-205. [PMID: 25926101 PMCID: PMC4528988 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2014.0337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2014] [Accepted: 04/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular matrix (ECM) derived from whole organ decellularization has been successfully used in a variety of tissue engineering applications. ECM contains a complex mixture of functional and structural molecules that are ideally suited for the tissue from which the ECM is harvested. However, decellularization disrupts the structural properties and protein composition of the ECM, which may impact function when cells such as the fibroblast are reintroduced during recellularization. We hypothesized that the ECM structure and composition, fibroblast source, and integrin expression would influence the fibroblast phenotype. Human cardiac fibroblasts (HCFs) and normal human lung fibroblasts (NHLFs) were cultured on intact cardiac ECM, collagen gels, and coatings composed of cardiac ECM, lung ECM, and individual ECM components (collagen and fibronectin [FN]) for 48 h. COL1A expression of HCFs and NHLFs cultured on ECM and FN coatings decreased to <50% of that of untreated cells; COL1A expression for HCFs cultured on ECM coatings was one- to twofold higher than HCFs cultured on intact ECM. NHLFs cultured on ECM and FN coatings expressed 12- to 31-fold more alpha-smooth muscle actin (αSMA) than HCFs; the αSMA expression for HCFs and NHLFs cultured on ECM coatings was ∼2- to 5-fold higher than HCFs and NHLFs cultured on intact ECM. HCFs expressed significantly higher levels of β3 and β4 integrins when compared to NHLFs. Inhibition of the β3 integrin, but not β4, resulted in a 16- to 26-fold increase in αSMA expression in HCFs cultured on ECM coatings and FN. Our results demonstrate that β3 integrin expression depends on the source of the fibroblast and that its expression inhibits αSMA expression (and thus the myofibroblast phenotype). We conclude that the fibroblast source and integrin expression play important roles in regulating the fibroblast phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nick Merna
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, California
| | - Kelsey M. Fung
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, California
| | - Jean J. Wang
- Department of Bioengineering and Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Cristi R. King
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Kirk C. Hansen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado, Denver, Colorado
| | - Karen L. Christman
- Department of Bioengineering and Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Steven C. George
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, Missouri
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41
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Ye ZW, Zhang J, Townsend DM, Tew KD. Oxidative stress, redox regulation and diseases of cellular differentiation. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2014; 1850:1607-21. [PMID: 25445706 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2014.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2014] [Revised: 10/31/2014] [Accepted: 11/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Within cells, there is a narrow concentration threshold that governs whether reactive oxygen species (ROS) induce toxicity or act as second messengers. SCOPE OF REVIEW We discuss current understanding of how ROS arise, facilitate cell signaling, cause toxicities and disease related to abnormal cell differentiation and those (primarily) sulfur based pathways that provide nucleophilicity to offset these effects. PRIMARY CONCLUSIONS Cellular redox homeostasis mediates a plethora of cellular pathways that determine life and death events. For example, ROS intersect with GSH based enzyme pathways to influence cell differentiation, a process integral to normal hematopoiesis, but also affecting a number of diverse cell differentiation related human diseases. Recent attempts to manage such pathologies have focused on intervening in some of these pathways, with the consequence that differentiation therapy targeting redox homeostasis has provided a platform for drug discovery and development. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE The balance between electrophilic oxidative stress and protective biomolecular nucleophiles predisposes the evolution of modern life forms. Imbalances of the two can produce aberrant redox homeostasis with resultant pathologies. Understanding the pathways involved provides opportunities to consider interventional strategies. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Redox regulation of differentiation and de-differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Wei Ye
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Medical University of South Carolina, 70 President St., DD410, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Medical University of South Carolina, 70 President St., DD410, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Danyelle M Townsend
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, 274 Calhoun Street MSC 141, Charleston, SC 29425-1410, USA
| | - Kenneth D Tew
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Medical University of South Carolina, 70 President St., DD410, Charleston, SC 29425, USA.
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