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Cai Z, Wang Y, You Y, Yang N, Lu S, Xue J, Xing X, Sha S, Zhao L. Introduction of Cellulolytic Bacterium Bacillus velezensis Z2.6 and Its Cellulase Production Optimization. Microorganisms 2024; 12:979. [PMID: 38792808 PMCID: PMC11124521 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12050979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Enzyme-production microorganisms typically occupy a dominant position in composting, where cellulolytic microorganisms actively engage in the breakdown of lignocellulose. Exploring strains with high yields of cellulose-degrading enzymes holds substantial significance for the industrial production of related enzymes and the advancement of clean bioenergy. This study was inclined to screen cellulolytic bacteria, conduct genome analysis, mine cellulase-related genes, and optimize cellulase production. The potential carboxymethylcellulose-hydrolyzing bacterial strain Z2.6 was isolated from the maturation phase of pig manure-based compost with algae residuals as the feedstock and identified as Bacillus velezensis. In the draft genome of strain Z2.6, 31 related cellulolytic genes were annotated by the CAZy database, and further validation by cloning documented the existence of an endo-1,4-β-D-glucanase (EC 3.2.1.4) belonging to the GH5 family and a β-glucosidase (EC 3.2.1.21) belonging to the GH1 family, which are predominant types of cellulases. Through the exploration of ten factors in fermentation medium with Plackett-Burman and Box-Behnken design methodologies, maximum cellulase activity was predicted to reach 2.98 U/mL theoretically. The optimal conditions achieving this response were determined as 1.09% CMC-Na, 2.30% salinity, and 1.23% tryptone. Validation under these specified conditions yielded a cellulose activity of 3.02 U/mL, demonstrating a 3.43-fold degree of optimization. In conclusion, this comprehensive study underscored the significant capabilities of strain Z2.6 in lignocellulolytic saccharification and its potentialities for future in-depth exploration in biomass conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Cai
- SDU-ANU Joint Science College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China; (Z.C.); (Y.W.); (Y.Y.); (N.Y.); (S.L.); (J.X.); (X.X.)
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China
| | - Yi Wang
- SDU-ANU Joint Science College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China; (Z.C.); (Y.W.); (Y.Y.); (N.Y.); (S.L.); (J.X.); (X.X.)
| | - Yang You
- SDU-ANU Joint Science College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China; (Z.C.); (Y.W.); (Y.Y.); (N.Y.); (S.L.); (J.X.); (X.X.)
| | - Nan Yang
- SDU-ANU Joint Science College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China; (Z.C.); (Y.W.); (Y.Y.); (N.Y.); (S.L.); (J.X.); (X.X.)
| | - Shanshan Lu
- SDU-ANU Joint Science College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China; (Z.C.); (Y.W.); (Y.Y.); (N.Y.); (S.L.); (J.X.); (X.X.)
| | - Jianheng Xue
- SDU-ANU Joint Science College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China; (Z.C.); (Y.W.); (Y.Y.); (N.Y.); (S.L.); (J.X.); (X.X.)
| | - Xiang Xing
- SDU-ANU Joint Science College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China; (Z.C.); (Y.W.); (Y.Y.); (N.Y.); (S.L.); (J.X.); (X.X.)
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China
| | - Sha Sha
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China
| | - Lihua Zhao
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China
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Lin N, Zha X, Cai J, Li Y, Wei L, Wu B. Investigating fungal community characteristics in co-composted cotton stalk and various livestock manure products. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:26141-26152. [PMID: 38491241 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32909-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
Agricultural wastes, comprising cotton straw and livestock manure, can be effectively managed through aerobic co-composting. Nevertheless, the quality and microbial characteristics of co-composting products from different sources remain unclear. Therefore, this study utilized livestock manure from various sources in Xinjiang, China, including herbivorous sheep manure (G), omnivorous pigeon manure (Y), and pigeon-sheep mixture (GY) alongside cotton stalks, for a 40-day co-composting process. We monitored physicochemical changes, assessed compost characteristics, and investigated fungal community. The results indicate that all three composts met established composting criteria, with compost G exhibiting the fastest microbial growth and achieving the highest quality. Ascomycota emerged as the predominant taxon in three compost products. Remarkably, at the genus level, the biomarker species for G, Y, and GY are Petromyces and Cordyceps, Neurospora, and Neosartorya, respectively. Microorganisms play a pivotal role in organic matter degradation, impacting nutrient composition, demonstrating significant potential for the decomposition and transformation of compost components. Redundancy analysis indicates that potassium, total organic carbon, and C:N are key factors influencing fungal communities. This study elucidates organic matter degradation in co-composting straw and livestock manure diverse sources, optimizing treatment for efficient agricultural waste utilization and sustainable practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Lin
- Xinjiang Biomass Solid Waste Resources Technology and Engineering Center, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Kashi University, Kashi, 844000, China
| | - Xianghao Zha
- Xinjiang Biomass Solid Waste Resources Technology and Engineering Center, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Kashi University, Kashi, 844000, China
| | - Jixiang Cai
- Xinjiang Biomass Solid Waste Resources Technology and Engineering Center, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Kashi University, Kashi, 844000, China
| | - Youwen Li
- Xinjiang Biomass Solid Waste Resources Technology and Engineering Center, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Kashi University, Kashi, 844000, China
| | - Lianghuan Wei
- Xinjiang Biomass Solid Waste Resources Technology and Engineering Center, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Kashi University, Kashi, 844000, China
| | - Bohan Wu
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural & Rural Pollution Abatement and Environmental Safety, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
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Park SM, Rhee MS. Prevalence and phylogenetic traits of nitrite-producing bacteria in raw ingredients and processed baby foods: Potential sources of foodborne infant methemoglobinemia. Food Res Int 2024; 178:113966. [PMID: 38309914 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.113966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
Nitrite, which has been mainly regarded as a chemical hazard, can induce infant methemoglobinemia. As for nitrite as a product of microbial metabolism, the contribution of the oral or gut microbiome has mostly received attention, whereas the role of nitrite-producing bacteria (NPBs) in food has been less elucidated. In this study, mesophilic NPBs were isolated from food samples (n = 320) composed of raw ingredients for weaning foods (n = 160; beetroot, broccoli, carrot, lettuce, rice powder, spinach, sweet potato, and honey) and processed baby foods (n = 160; cereal snack, cheese, yogurt, powdered infant formula, sorghum syrup, vegetable fruit juice, and weaning food). The phylogenetic diversity of the NPB strains was analyzed via 16S rRNA sequencing. All 15 food items harbored NPBs, with a prevalence of 71.9 % and 34.4 % for the raw ingredients and processed foods, respectively. The NPBs isolated from the foods were identified as Actinomycetota (Actinomycetes), Bacteroidota (Flavobacteriia, Sphingobacteriia), Bacillota (Bacilli), or Pseudomonadota (Alpha-, Beta-, and Gammaproteobacteria). Among the raw and processed foods, beetroot (85.0 %) and powdered infant formula (70.0 %) showed had the highest NPB prevalence (P > 0.05). Bacillota predominated in both types of food. The contamination source of Pseudomonadota, which was another major phylum present in the raw ingredients, was presumed to be the soil and endophytes in the seeds, whereas that of Bacillota was the manufacturing equipment used with the raw ingredients. Common species for probiotics, such as Lacticaseibacillus, Leuconostoc, Enterococcus, and Bacillus, were isolated and identified as NPBs. To our knowledge, this is the first study to reveal the taxonomical diversity and omnipresence of NPBs in food for babies. The results of this study highlight the importance of food-mediated microbiological risks of infant methemoglobinemia which are yet underrecognized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun Min Park
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Suk Rhee
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.
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Anwajler B, Witek-Krowiak A. Three-Dimensional Printing of Multifunctional Composites: Fabrication, Applications, and Biodegradability Assessment. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:7531. [PMID: 38138674 PMCID: PMC10744785 DOI: 10.3390/ma16247531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Additive manufacturing, with its wide range of printable materials, and ability to minimize material usage, reduce labor costs, and minimize waste, has sparked a growing enthusiasm among researchers for the production of advanced multifunctional composites. This review evaluates recent reports on polymer composites used in 3D printing, and their printing techniques, with special emphasis on composites containing different types of additives (inorganic and biomass-derived) that support the structure of the prints. Possible applications for additive 3D printing have also been identified. The biodegradation potential of polymeric biocomposites was analyzed and possible pathways for testing in different environments (aqueous, soil, and compost) were identified, including different methods for evaluating the degree of degradation of samples. Guidelines for future research to ensure environmental safety were also identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beata Anwajler
- Department of Energy Conversion Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 27 Wybrzeze Wyspianskiego Street, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Anna Witek-Krowiak
- Department of Advanced Material Technologies, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 27 Wybrzeze Wyspianskiego Street, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland;
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Yang B, Liu Q, Liu Y, Huang T, Zhao Y, Li D, Pan X. Biofilm-developed biomass residues as novel bulking agents and microbial carriers for synergistically enhanced bioevaporation: Degradation potential and contribution to metabolic heat. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 344:118570. [PMID: 37459810 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
Economical and easily prepared bulking agents and microbial carriers are essential in the practical application of bioevaporation process. Biofilm-developed biomass residues not only provide structural support and microbial sources but also may contribute metabolic heat to the bioevaporation process, achieving the enhanced water evaporation and synergistic treatment of biomass residues. In this study, biofilm was cultivated on the rice straw, wheat straw, sawdust, corncob, luffa cylindrica and palm first, then those biofilm-developed biomass residues were successfully used as the bulking agents and microbial carriers in food waste bioevaporation. The degradation potential (volatile solid degradation ratio) of those biomass residues was in the order of corncob (23.96%), wheat straw (21.12%), rice straw (14.57%), luffa cylindrica (11.02%), sawdust (-2.87%) and palm (-9.24%). It's primarily the degradation of the major components, cellulose and hemicellulose, in corncob and wheat straw governed the metabolic heat contribution (91.73 and 79.61%) to the bioevaporation process. While the high lignin content in sawdust (14.57%) and palm (28.62%) caused negligible degradation of cellulose and hemicellulose, hence made them only function as structural supporter and did not contribute any metabolic heat. Moreover, though the metabolic heat contribution of rice straw and luffa cylindrica reached 58.19 and 37.84%, their lowest lignocellulose content (62.99 and 65.95%) and their lower density, as well as the dominated Xanthomonas (bacteria) and Mycothermus (fungi) led to their rapid collapse during the repeated cycles of bioevaporation. The greatest abundance of thermophilic bacteria (22.3-88.0%) and thermophilic fungi (82.0-99.3%) was observed in the corncob pile. Furthermore, considering the Staphylococcus (pathogenic bacteria) and Candida (animal pathogen) was effectively inhibited, the biofilm-developed corncob was the most favorable bulking agents and microbial carrier for the synergistic bioevaporation of highly concentrated organic wastewater and biomass residues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benqin Yang
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Qiuyun Liu
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Yanmei Liu
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, China West Normal University, Nanchong, 637009, China
| | - Tianxiao Huang
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Yanqing Zhao
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Dongfang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization, Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, China
| | - Xuejun Pan
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China.
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Glushakova АМ, Kachalkin АV. Yeast community succession in cow dung composting process. Fungal Biol 2023; 127:1075-1083. [PMID: 37344009 DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2023.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
Yeast complexes in the composting process of cow dung prepared to fertilize the soil for growing vegetables and fruits were studied. The average abundance of yeasts changed during the four temperature stages of the composting process. The highest abundance of yeasts, 1.38 × 104 cfu/g, was observed in the second stage of heating from 20 to 40 °C; the lowest was studied in the stage with the highest temperature (65 °C), 1.68 × 103 cfu/g. A total of 19 yeast species were observed and identified: 11 ascomycetes and 8 basidiomycetes, belonging to five subphyla of Fungi: Saccharomycotina (10), Pezizomycotina (1), Agaricomycotina (5), Pucciniomycotina (2), and Ustilaginomycotina (1). The greatest diversity of yeasts was found in the initial (20 °C) and second (heating up to 40 °C) temperature stages of composting (Aureobasidium pullulans (yeast-like fungus), Candida parapsilosis, Candida saitoana, Candida santamariae, Candida tropicalis, Curvibasidium cygneicollum, Cutaneotrichosporon moniliforme, Debaryomyces fabryi, Debaryomyces hansenii, Filobasidium magnum, Kazachstania sp., Moesziomyces bullatus, Naganishia globosa, Papiliotrema flavescens, Rhodotorula mucilaginosa, Scheffersomyces insectosa, Torulaspora delbrueckii, Vanrija musci), and the lowest in the stage of maximum heating (65 °C) (C. parapsilosis, C. tropicalis, Cyberlindnera jadinii).The opportunistic yeasts C. parapsilosis and C. tropicalis were obtained not only in the initial, second and third temperature stages of the composting process, but also in mature compost in the final stage prepared for soil application. This study shows that the cow dung, used in the farm studied did not meet the microbiological safety criteria. The reduction of opportunistic yeast species was not achieved with the composting method used. The likelihood of these species entering agricultural products via compost and soil and developing as endophytes in the internal tissues of fruits is very high. Since some strains of opportunistic Candida species from cow dung exhibited virulent characteristics (they produced hydrolytic enzymes and were resistant to antifungal compounds), additional phenotypic and genetic studies of the compost strains and their comparison with clinical isolates should be pursued.
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Affiliation(s)
- Аnna М Glushakova
- M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119234, Russia; I.I. Mechnikov Research Institute of Vaccines and Sera, Moscow, 105064, Russia.
| | - Аleksey V Kachalkin
- M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119234, Russia; G.K. Skryabin Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms of RAS, Pushchino, 142290, Russia
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Sun N, Fan B, Yang F, Zhao L, Wang M. Effects of adding corn steep liquor on bacterial community composition and carbon and nitrogen transformation during spent mushroom substrate composting. BMC Microbiol 2023; 23:156. [PMID: 37237262 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-023-02894-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Carbon and nitrogen are essential energy and nutrient substances in the composting process. Corn steep liquor (CSL) is rich in soluble carbon and nitrogen nutrients and active substances and is widely used in the biological industry. Nonetheless, limited research has been done on the effect of CSL on composting. This work firstly reveals the effect of adding CSL to bacterial community composition and carbon and nitrogen conversion during composting. This study provides the choice of auxiliary materials for the spent mushroom substrate compost (SMS) and some novel knowledge about the effect of bacterial community on C and N cycling during composting of SMS and CSL. Two treatments were set up in the experiment: 100% spent mushroom substrate (SMS) as CK and SMS + 0.5% CSL (v/v) as CP. RESULTS The results showed that the addition of CSL enhanced the initial carbon and nitrogen content of the compost, altered the bacterial community structure, and increased the bacterial diversity and relative abundance, which might be beneficial to the conversion and retention of carbon and nitrogen in the composting process. In this paper, network analysis was used to screen the core bacteria involved in carbon and nitrogen conversion. In the CP network, the core bacteria were divided into two categories, synthesizing and degrading bacteria, and there were more synthesizing bacteria than degrading bacteria, so the degradation and synthesis of organic matter were carried out simultaneously, while only degrading bacteria were found in the CK network. Functional prediction by Faprotax identified 53 groups of functional bacteria, among which 20 (76.68% abundance) and 14 (13.15% abundance) groups of functional bacteria were related to carbon and nitrogen conversion, respectively. Adding CSL stimulated the compensatory effect of core and functional bacteria, enhanced the carbon and nitrogen transformation ability, stimulated the activity of low-abundance bacteria, and reduced the competitive relationship between the bacterial groups. This may be why the addition of CSL accelerated the organic matter degradation and increased carbon and nitrogen preservation. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that the addition of CSL promoted the cycling and preservation of carbon and nitrogen in the SMS composts, and the addition of CSL to the compost may be an effective way to dispose of agricultural waste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Sun
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, China
| | - Bowen Fan
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, China
| | - Fengjun Yang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, China.
| | - Liqin Zhao
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, China
| | - Mengmeng Wang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, China
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Chaudhari YS, Kumar P, Soni S, Gacem A, Kumar V, Singh S, Yadav VK, Dawane V, Piplode S, Jeon BH, Ibrahium HA, Hakami RA, Alotaibi MT, Abdellattif MH, Cabral-Pinto MMS, Yadav P, Yadav KK. An inclusive outlook on the fate and persistence of pesticides in the environment and integrated eco-technologies for their degradation. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2023; 466:116449. [PMID: 36924898 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2023.116449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
Intensive and inefficient exploitation of pesticides through modernized agricultural practices has caused severe pesticide contamination problems to the environment and become a crucial problem over a few decades. Due to their highly toxic and persistent properties, they affect and get accumulated in non-target organisms, including microbes, algae, invertebrates, plants as well as humans, and cause severe issues. Considering pesticide problems as a significant issue, researchers have investigated several approaches to rectify the pesticide contamination problems. Several analyses have provided an extensive discussion on pesticide degradation but using specific technology for specific pesticides. However, in the middle of this time, cleaner techniques are essential for reducing pesticide contamination problems safely and environmentally friendly. As per the research findings, no single research finding provides concrete discussion on cleaner tactics for the remediation of contaminated sites. Therefore, in this review paper, we have critically discussed cleaner options for dealing with pesticide contamination problems as well as their advantages and disadvantages have also been reviewed. As evident from the literature, microbial remediation, phytoremediation, composting, and photocatalytic degradation methods are efficient and sustainable and can be used for treatment at a large scale in engineered systems and in situ. However, more study on the bio-integrated system is required which may be more effective than existing technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yogesh S Chaudhari
- Department of Microbiology, K. J. Somaiya College of Arts, Commerce, and Science, Kopargaon, Maharashtra 423601, India
| | - Pankaj Kumar
- Department of Environmental Science, Parul Institute of Applied Sciences, Parul University, Vadodara, Gujarat 391760, India.
| | - Sunil Soni
- School of Environment and Sustainable Development, Central University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382030, India
| | - Amel Gacem
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, University 20 Août 1955, Skikda, Algeria
| | - Vinay Kumar
- Department of Environmental Science, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226025, India
| | - Snigdha Singh
- School of Environment and Sustainable Development, Central University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382030, India
| | - Virendra Kumar Yadav
- Department of Biosciences, School of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Mody University, Lakshmangarh, Sikar 332311, Rajasthan, India
| | - Vinars Dawane
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Sardar Vallabh Bhai Patel College Mandleshwar, Madhya Pradesh 451221, India
| | - Satish Piplode
- Department of Chemistry, SBS Government PG College, Pipariya, Hoshangabad, Madhya Pradesh 461775, India
| | - Byong-Hun Jeon
- Department of Earth Resources & Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 222-Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Hala A Ibrahium
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia; Department of Semi Pilot Plant, Nuclear Materials Authority, P.O. Bo x 530, El Maadi, Egypt
| | - Rabab A Hakami
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Postal Code 61413, Box number 9044, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed T Alotaibi
- Department of Chemistry, Turabah University Collage, Taif University, Turabah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Magda H Abdellattif
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Taif University, Al-Haweiah, P. O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Marina M S Cabral-Pinto
- Geobiotec Research Centre, Department of Geoscience, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Priyanka Yadav
- Department of Zoology, Mohammad Hasan P. G. College, Shahganj road, Jaunpur 222001, India
| | - Krishna Kumar Yadav
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Madhyanchal Professional University, Ratibad, Bhopal 462044, India; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, PSU Energy Systems Research Institute, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand.
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Composition, structure, and functional shifts of prokaryotic communities in response to co-composting of various nitrogenous green feedstocks. BMC Microbiol 2023; 23:50. [PMID: 36859170 PMCID: PMC9979578 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-023-02798-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thermophilic composting is a promising method of sanitizing pathogens in manure and a source of agriculturally important thermostable enzymes and microorganisms from organic wastes. Despite the extensive studies on compost prokaryotes, shifts in microbial profiles under the influence of various green materials and composting days are still not well understood, considering the complexity of the green material sources. Here, the effect of regimens of green composting material on the diversity, abundance, and metabolic capacity of prokaryotic communities in a thermophilic compost environment was examined. METHODS Total community 16S rRNA was recovered from triplicate compost samples of Lantana-based, Tithonia-based, Grass-based, and mixed (Lantana + Tithonia + Grass)- based at 21, 42, 63, and 84 days of composting. The 16S rRNA was sequenced using the Illumina Miseq platform. Bioinformatics analysis was done using Divisive Amplicon Denoising Algorithm version 2 (DADA2) R version 4.1 and Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities by Reconstruction of Unobserved States version 2 (PICRUSt2) pipelines for community structure and metabolic profiles, respectively. In DADA2, prokaryotic classification was done using the Refseq-ribosomal database project (RDP) and SILVA version 138 databases. RESULTS Our results showed apparent differences in prokaryotic community structure for total diversity and abundance within the four compost regimens and composting days. The study showed that the most prevalent phyla during composting included Acidobacteriota, Actinobacteriota, Bacteroidota, Chloroflexi, and Proteobacteria. Additionally, there were differences in the overall diversity of metabolic pathways but no significant differences among the various compost treatments on major metabolic pathways like carbohydrate biosynthesis, carbohydrate degradation, and nitrogen biosynthesis. CONCLUSION Various sources of green material affect the succession of compost nutrients and prokaryotic communities. The similarity of amounts of nutrients, such as total Nitrogen, at the end of the composting process, despite differences in feedstock material, indicates a significant influence of composting days on the stability of nutrients during composting.
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Li X, Li K, Wang Y, Huang Y, Yang H, Zhu P, Li Q. Diversity of lignocellulolytic functional genes and heterogeneity of thermophilic microbes during different wastes composting. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 372:128697. [PMID: 36731616 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.128697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The goal of this study was to investigate the heterogeneity of thermophilic microorganisms and their lignocellulose-degrading gene diversity during composting. In this study, bagasse pith/dairy manure (BAG) and sawdust/dairy manure (SAW) were used as experimental subjects. The pour plate method indicated that thermophilic bacteria and thermophilic actinobacteria were more culturable than thermophilic fungi. Metagenomics analysis showed that the Actinobacteria, Firmicutes and Proteobacteria were the dominant phyla during composting. In addition, auxiliary activity and glycoside hydrolase families were critical for lignocellulosic degradation, which were found to be more abundant in BAG. As a result, the degradation rates of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin in BAG (7.36%, 13.99% and 5.68%) were observably higher than those in SAW (6.13%, 12.09% and 2.62%). These findings contribute to understanding how thermophilic microbial communities play a role in the deconstruction of different lignocelluloses and provide a potential strategy to comprehensively utilize the resources of lignocellulosic biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolan Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Kecheng Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Yiwu Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Yite Huang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Hongxiang Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Pengfei Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Qunliang Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China.
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11
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Meng Q, Liu S, Guo Y, Hu Y, Yu Z, Bello A, Wang Z, Xu W, Xu X. The co-occurrence network patterns and keystone species of microbial communities in cattle manure-corn straw composting. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:20265-20276. [PMID: 36251182 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-23599-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Microbes often form complex ecological networks in various habitats. Co-occurrence network analysis allows exploring the complex community interactions beyond the community diversities. This study explores the interspecific relationships within and between bacterial and fungal communities during composting of cow manure using co-occurrence network analysis. Furthermore, the keystone taxa that potentially exert a considerable impact on the microbiome were revealed by network analysis. The networks in the present study harbored more positive links. Specifically, the interactions/coupling within bacterial communities was tighter and the response to changes in external environmental conditions was more quickly during the composting process, while the fungal network had a better buffer capacity for changes in external environmental conditions. Interestingly, this result was authenticated in the bacterial-fungal (BF) network and the Mantel test of major modules and environmental variables. More than that, the Zi-Pi plot revealed that the keystone taxa including "module hubs" and "connectors" were all detected in these networks, which could prevent the dissociation of modules and networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingxin Meng
- School of Life Science and Agriculture and Forestry, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar, 161006, China
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Shuang Liu
- School of Life Science and Agriculture and Forestry, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar, 161006, China
| | - Yue Guo
- School of Life Science and Agriculture and Forestry, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar, 161006, China
| | - Yunlong Hu
- School of Life Science and Agriculture and Forestry, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar, 161006, China
| | - Zhidan Yu
- School of Life Science and Agriculture and Forestry, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar, 161006, China
| | - Ayodeji Bello
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Zhigang Wang
- School of Life Science and Agriculture and Forestry, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar, 161006, China
| | - Weihui Xu
- School of Life Science and Agriculture and Forestry, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar, 161006, China
| | - Xiuhong Xu
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
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12
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Huang X, He Y, Zhang Y, Lu X, Xie L. Independent and combined effects of biochar and microbial agents on physicochemical parameters and microbial community succession during food waste composting. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 366:128023. [PMID: 36167177 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.128023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the independent and combined effects of biochar and microbial agents on food waste composting. The results indicated that combined addition increased the peak temperature to 63.5 °C and extended the thermophilic periods to 8 days, resulting in the highest organic matter degradation rate (12.7%). Analysis of enzymatic activity indicated that combined addition increased urease and dehydrogenase activity by 22.9% and 26.5%. Furthermore, the degradation of volatile fatty acids also increased by 37.4% with combined addition. Microbial analysis demonstrated that combined addition effectively increased the relative abundances of Enterobacter, Sphingobacterium and Aspergillus, which could be attributed to the optimal environment provided by biochar and stimulation of microbial agents. Moreover, correlation analysis showed a strong interaction between the microbial community and environment with combined addition. In general, combined addition could be beneficial for composting based on the synergistic effects of biochar and inoculation on microorganism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Huang
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Yingying He
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Yidie Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Xi Lu
- Three Gorges Smart Water Technology Co., Ltd., 65 LinXin Road, ChangNing District, 200335 Shanghai, China
| | - Li Xie
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China.
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13
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Rupani PF, Embrandiri A, Rezania S, Wang S, Shao W, Domínguez J, Appels L. Changes in the microbiota during biological treatment of palm oil mill waste: A critical review. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 320:115772. [PMID: 35944317 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.115772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Palm oil mill waste has a complex cellulosic structure, is rich in nutrients, and provides a habitat for diverse microbial communities. Current research focuses on how the microbiota and organic components interact during the degradation of this type of waste. Some recent studies have described the microbial communities present in different biodegradation processes of palm oil mill waste, identifying the dominant bacteria/fungi responsible for breaking down the cellulosic components. However, understanding the degradation process's mechanisms is vital to eliminating the need for further pretreatment of lignocellulosic compounds in the waste mixture and facilitating the commercialization of palm oil mill waste treatment technology. Thus, the present work aims to review microbial community dynamics via three biological treatment systems comprehensively: composting, vermicomposting, and dark fermentation, to understand how inspiration from nature can further enhance existing degradation processes. The information presented could be used as an umbrella to current research on biological treatment processes and specific research on the bioaugmentation of indigenous microbial consortia isolated during the biological degradation of palm oil mill waste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parveen Fatemeh Rupani
- KU Leuven, Department of Chemical Engineering, Process and Environmental Technology Lab, Jan Pieter De Nayerlaan 5, B-2860 Sint-Katelijne-Waver, Belgium.
| | - Asha Embrandiri
- Department of Environmental Health, Wollo University, Dessie, 1145, Amhara, Ethiopia.
| | - Shahabaldin Rezania
- Department of Environment and Energy, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, South Korea.
| | - Shuang Wang
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, PR China.
| | - Weilan Shao
- Biofuels Institute, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, PR China.
| | - Jorge Domínguez
- Grupo de Ecoloxía Animal (GEA), Universidade de Vigo, 36310, Vigo, Spain.
| | - Lise Appels
- KU Leuven, Department of Chemical Engineering, Process and Environmental Technology Lab, Jan Pieter De Nayerlaan 5, B-2860 Sint-Katelijne-Waver, Belgium.
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14
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Chen W, Zhan Y, Zhang X, Shi X, Wang Z, Xu S, Chang Y, Ding G, Li J, Wei Y. Influence of carbon-to-phosphorus ratios on phosphorus fractions transformation and bacterial community succession in phosphorus-enriched composting. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 362:127786. [PMID: 35970498 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to assess the effect of different carbon-to-phosphorus (C:P) ratios on phosphorus (P) fractions transformation, bacterial community succession and microbial P-solubilizing function in kitchen waste composting with rock phosphate (RP) amendment and phosphate-solubilizing bacteria (PSB) inoculation. Results indicated that initial C:P ratio at 50 enhanced organic carbon degradation, available P (AP) accumulation, the amount of PSB and pqqC gene abundance in composting but higher C:P ratio increased microbial biomass phosphorus (MBP) content. Redundancy analysis showed C:P ratios, PSB amount and pqqC gene abundance greatly affected bacterial community diversity and composition. Network analysis indicated that lower C:P ratio enhanced the interaction frequency in core bacterial network for AP transformation. Variance partitioning analysis abiotic factors contributed more to MBP and AP conversion. The study revealed that C:P ratio could directly drive PSB to regulate P fractions and the accumulation of MBP or AP in P-enriched composting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Chen
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, China Agricultural University, 100193 Beijing, China; Organic Recycling Institute (Suzhou) of China Agricultural University, Wuzhong District, Suzhou 215128, China
| | - Yabin Zhan
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, China Agricultural University, 100193 Beijing, China; Organic Recycling Institute (Suzhou) of China Agricultural University, Wuzhong District, Suzhou 215128, China
| | - Xinjun Zhang
- Institute of Tibet Plateau Ecology, Tibet Agricultural & Animal Husbandry University, and Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology in Tibet Plateau (Tibet Agricultural & Animal Husbandry University), Ministry of Education, Nyingchi, Tibet 860000, China
| | - Xiong Shi
- Yangtze Eco-Environment Engineering Research Center, China Three Gorges Corporation, Beijing 100038, China
| | - Zhigang Wang
- DBN Agriculture Science and Technology Group CO., Ltd., DBN Pig Academy, Beijing 102629, China
| | - Shaoqi Xu
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, China Agricultural University, 100193 Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Chang
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, China Agricultural University, 100193 Beijing, China; Organic Recycling Institute (Suzhou) of China Agricultural University, Wuzhong District, Suzhou 215128, China
| | - Guochun Ding
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, China Agricultural University, 100193 Beijing, China; Organic Recycling Institute (Suzhou) of China Agricultural University, Wuzhong District, Suzhou 215128, China
| | - Ji Li
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, China Agricultural University, 100193 Beijing, China; Organic Recycling Institute (Suzhou) of China Agricultural University, Wuzhong District, Suzhou 215128, China
| | - Yuquan Wei
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, China Agricultural University, 100193 Beijing, China; Organic Recycling Institute (Suzhou) of China Agricultural University, Wuzhong District, Suzhou 215128, China.
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15
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Yu X, Li X, Ren C, Wang J, Wang C, Zou Y, Wang X, Li G, Li Q. Co-composting with cow dung and subsequent vermicomposting improve compost quality of spent mushroom. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 358:127386. [PMID: 35636680 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In order to determine a feasible degrading process for spent mushroom (SMS) with high lignin content, the present work used cow dung (CD), SMS, and a mixture of CD and SMS as substrates and evaluated the effects of vermicomposting on the microflora and the quality of composting products. Bacterial (R2 = 0.548, P = 0.001) and fungal (R2 = 0.314, P = 0.005) community both were different between composting and vermicomposting. Vermicomposting and substrates affected enzyme activities indirectly by affecting ammonium, pH, total carbon, richness, and bacterial community composition. These results suggested that appropriate regulation of environmental factors may increase microbial activity. An increase in ion-exchange capacity (up to 139.8%), pH (6.9%), and nitrate (71.1%) and a decrease in total carbon (31.2%) and carbon/nitrogen ratio (32.1%) in vermicomposting indicated that earthworms could further improve product quality. Co-composting with CD and integrated subsequent vermicomposting efficiently promoted the maturity of SMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolan Yu
- Environmental and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, Hainan, China; Hainan Key Laboratory of Tropical Eco-Circular Agriculture, Haikou 571101, Hainan, China
| | - Xiaoliang Li
- Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement in Southern China, Ministry of Agriculture, Haikou 571101, China
| | - Changqi Ren
- Rubber Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China
| | - Jinchuang Wang
- Environmental and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, Hainan, China; Hainan Key Laboratory of Tropical Eco-Circular Agriculture, Haikou 571101, Hainan, China.
| | - Chaobi Wang
- Hainan Soil and Fertilizer Station, Haikou 571100, China
| | - Yukun Zou
- Environmental and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, Hainan, China; Hainan Key Laboratory of Tropical Eco-Circular Agriculture, Haikou 571101, Hainan, China
| | - Xiongfei Wang
- Hainan Soil and Fertilizer Station, Haikou 571100, China
| | - Guangyi Li
- Environmental and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, Hainan, China; Hainan Key Laboratory of Tropical Eco-Circular Agriculture, Haikou 571101, Hainan, China
| | - Qinfen Li
- Environmental and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, Hainan, China; Hainan Key Laboratory of Tropical Eco-Circular Agriculture, Haikou 571101, Hainan, China.
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16
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Ahmad A, Zafar U, Khan A, Haq T, Mujahid T, Wali M. Effectiveness of compost inoculated with phosphate solubilizing bacteria. J Appl Microbiol 2022; 133:1115-1129. [DOI: 10.1111/jam.15633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Areesha Ahmad
- Department of Microbiology University of Karachi Karachi‐75270 Pakistan
| | - Urooj Zafar
- Department of Microbiology University of Karachi Karachi‐75270 Pakistan
| | - Adnan Khan
- Department of Geology University of Karachi Karachi‐75270 Pakistan
| | - Tooba Haq
- Centre of Environmental Studies, PCSIR labs Complex Karachi Karachi‐75280 Pakistan
| | - Talat Mujahid
- Department of Microbiology University of Karachi Karachi‐75270 Pakistan
| | - Mahreen Wali
- Dow University of Health Sciences, Ojha campus University Road Karachi‐75270 Pakistan
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17
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Zhang Y, Chen M, Guo J, Liu N, Yi W, Yuan Z, Zeng L. Study on dynamic changes of microbial community and lignocellulose transformation mechanism during green waste composting. Eng Life Sci 2022; 22:376-390. [PMID: 35573133 PMCID: PMC9077819 DOI: 10.1002/elsc.202100102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
There are few reports on the material transformation and dominant microorganisms in the process of greening waste (GW) composting. In this study, the target microbial community succession and material transformation were studied in GW composting by using MiSeq sequencing and PICRUSt tools. The results showed that the composting process could be divided into four phases. Each phase of the composting appeared in turn and was unable to jump. In the calefactive phase, microorganisms decompose small molecular organics such as FA to accelerate the arrival of the thermophilic phase. In the thermophilic phase, thermophilic microorganisms decompose HA and lignocellulose to produce FA. While in the cooling phase, microorganisms degrade HA and FA for growth and reproduction. In the maturation phase, microorganisms synthesize humus using FA, amino acid and lignin nuclei as precursors. In the four phases of the composting, different representative genera of bacteria and fungi were detected. Streptomyces, Myceliophthora and Aspergillus, maintained high abundance in all phases of the compost. Correlation analysis indicated that bacteria, actinomycetes and fungi had synergistic effect on the degradation of lignocellulose. Therefore, it can accelerate the compost process by maintaining the thermophilic phase and adding a certain amount of FA in the maturation phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yushan Zhang
- College of Materials and FoodZhongshan Institute, University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaZhongshanP. R. China
| | - Mengting Chen
- College of Materials and FoodZhongshan Institute, University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaZhongshanP. R. China
| | - Jingyi Guo
- College of Materials and FoodZhongshan Institute, University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaZhongshanP. R. China
| | - Ning Liu
- College of Materials and FoodZhongshan Institute, University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaZhongshanP. R. China
| | - Weiyi Yi
- College of Materials and FoodZhongshan Institute, University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaZhongshanP. R. China
| | - Zhongtai Yuan
- College of Materials and FoodZhongshan Institute, University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaZhongshanP. R. China
| | - Lifan Zeng
- College of Materials and FoodZhongshan Institute, University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaZhongshanP. R. China
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18
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Bouhia Y, Hafidi M, Ouhdouch Y, El Boukhari MEM, El Fels L, Zeroual Y, Lyamlouli K. Microbial Community Succession and Organic Pollutants Removal During Olive Mill Waste Sludge and Green Waste Co-composting. Front Microbiol 2022; 12:814553. [PMID: 35265049 PMCID: PMC8899611 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.814553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Olive mill wastewater sludge (OMWS) is the main by-product of the olive industry. OMWS is usually dumped in landfills without prior treatment and may cause several eco-environmental hazards due to its high toxicity, which is mainly attributed to polyphenols and lipids. OMWS is rich in valuable biocompounds, which makes it highly desirable for valorization by composting. However, there is a need to understand how microbial communities evolve during OMWS composting with respect to physicochemical changes and the dynamics of pollutant degradation. In this study, we addressed the relationship between microbial community, physicochemical variations and pollutants degradation during the co-composting of OMWS and green wastes using metagenomic- and culture-dependent approaches. The results showed that in raw OMWS, Pichia was the most represented genus with almost 53% of the total identified fungal population. Moreover, the bacteria that dominated were Zymobacter palmae (20%) and Pseudomonas sp. (19%). The addition of green waste to OMWS improved the actinobacterial diversity of the mixture and enhanced the degradation of lipids (81.3%) and polyphenols (84.54%). Correlation analysis revealed that Actinobacteria and fungi (Candida sp., Galactomyces sp., and Pichia manshurica) were the microorganisms that had the greatest influence on the composting process. Overall, these findings provide for the first time some novel insights into the microbial dynamics during OMWS composting and may contribute to the development of tailored inoculum for process optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youness Bouhia
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology, Agrosciences and Environment, Labelled Research Unit-CNRST N°4, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh, Morocco.,Biodiversity and Plant Sciences Program, AgroBioSciences Department, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), Benguerir, Morocco
| | - Mohamed Hafidi
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology, Agrosciences and Environment, Labelled Research Unit-CNRST N°4, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh, Morocco.,Biodiversity and Plant Sciences Program, AgroBioSciences Department, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), Benguerir, Morocco
| | - Yedir Ouhdouch
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology, Agrosciences and Environment, Labelled Research Unit-CNRST N°4, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh, Morocco.,Biodiversity and Plant Sciences Program, AgroBioSciences Department, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), Benguerir, Morocco
| | - Mohammed El Mehdi El Boukhari
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology, Agrosciences and Environment, Labelled Research Unit-CNRST N°4, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh, Morocco.,Biodiversity and Plant Sciences Program, AgroBioSciences Department, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), Benguerir, Morocco
| | - Loubna El Fels
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology, Agrosciences and Environment, Labelled Research Unit-CNRST N°4, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh, Morocco
| | | | - Karim Lyamlouli
- Biodiversity and Plant Sciences Program, AgroBioSciences Department, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), Benguerir, Morocco
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Metagenomic Analysis of Bacterial Community Structure and Dynamics of a Digestate and a More Stabilized Digestate-Derived Compost from Agricultural Waste. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10020379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Recycling of different products and waste materials plays a crucial role in circular economy, where the anaerobic digestion (AD) constitutes an important pillar since it reuses nutrients in the form of organic fertilizers. Knowledge about the digestate and compost microbial community structure and its variations over time is important. The aim of the current study was to investigate the microbiome of a slurry cow digestate produced on a farm (ADG) and of a more stabilized digestate-derived compost (DdC) in order to ascertain their potential uses as organic amendments in agriculture. The results from this study, based on a partial fragment of 16S bacterial rRNA NGS sequencing, showed that there is a greater microbial diversity in the DdC originated from agricultural waste compared to the ADG. Overall, the existence of a higher microbial diversity in the DdC was confirmed by an elevated number (1115) of OTUs identified, compared with the ADG (494 OTUs identified). In the DdC, 74 bacterial orders and 125 families were identified, whereas 27 bacterial orders and 54 families were identified in the ADG. Shannon diversity and Chao1 richness indexes were higher in DdC samples compared to ADG ones (Shannon: 3.014 and 1.573, Chao1: 68 and 24.75; p < 0.001 in both cases). A possible association between the microbiome composition at different stages of composting process and the role that these microorganisms may have on the quality of the compost-like substrate and its future uses is also discussed.
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20
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Effect of hydrothermal treatment on organic matter degradation, phytotoxicity, and microbial communities in model food waste composting. J Biosci Bioeng 2022; 133:382-389. [PMID: 35115228 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2022.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Hydrothermal treatment (HTT) as a pretreatment method for compost raw material has multiple benefits such as enhanced solubility of organic material, improved bioaugmentation, and reduced biohazard by killing harmful microorganisms. In this study, we pretreated food waste via HTT at 180 °C for 30 min to investigate its effect on food waste composting. HTT generated 8.98 mg/g-dry solid (g-ds) of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural and 4.32 mg/g-ds furfural. These furan compounds were completely decomposed in the early stage of composting, subsequently the organic matter in the food waste started to be degraded. The HTT-pretreated experiment demonstrated less organic matter degradation during composting as well as lower compost phytotoxicity compared to the non-HTT-pretreated experiment, where the conversion of carbon was 25.2% and the germination index value was 55%. HTT probably denatured part of the organic matter and making it more difficult to decompose, thereby preventing the rapid release of high concentrations of phytotoxic compounds such as organic acids and ammonium ions during composting. High-throughput microbial community analysis revealed that only Firmicutes appeared in the HTT-pretreated experiment, however, other bacterial groups also appeared in the non-HTT-pretreated experiment. This was possibly influenced by furan compounds and the changes of easily degradable organic matter to hardly degradable. Bacillus and Lysinibacillus were dominant in both composting experiments during vigorous organic matter degradation, suggesting that these bacterial groups were the main contributors to food waste composting. This study suggests that HTT is advantageous for the pretreatment of easily degradable food waste, as compost with less phytotoxicity was produced.
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21
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Yahya A, Khalid NA, Salleh MM. Biocompost from Oil Producing Plants. BIOREFINERY OF OIL PRODUCING PLANTS FOR VALUE‐ADDED PRODUCTS 2022:605-629. [DOI: 10.1002/9783527830756.ch30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
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22
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Greff B, Szigeti J, Nagy Á, Lakatos E, Varga L. Influence of microbial inoculants on co-composting of lignocellulosic crop residues with farm animal manure: A review. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 302:114088. [PMID: 34798585 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.114088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The rapidly developing agro-industry generates huge amounts of lignocellulosic crop residues and animal manure worldwide. Although co-composting represents a promising and cost-effective method to treat various agricultural wastes simultaneously, poor composting efficiency prolongs total completion time and deteriorates the quality of the final product. However, supplementation of the feedstock with beneficial microorganisms can mitigate these negative effects by facilitating the decomposition of recalcitrant materials, enhancing microbial enzyme activity, and promoting maturation and humus formation during the composting process. Nevertheless, the influence of microbial inoculation may vary greatly depending on certain factors, such as start-up parameters, structure of the feedstock, time of inoculation, and composition of the microbial cultures used. The purpose of this contribution is to review recent developments in co-composting procedures involving different lignocellulosic crop residues and farm animal manure combined with microbial inoculation strategies. To evaluate the effectiveness of microbial additives, the results reported in a large number of peer-reviewed articles were compared in terms of composting process parameters (i.e., temperature, microbial activity, total organic carbon and nitrogen contents, decomposition rate of lignocellulose fractions, etc.) and compost characteristics (humification, C/N ratio, macronutrient content, and germination index). Most studies confirmed that the use of microbial amendments in the co-composting process is an efficient way to facilitate biodegradation and improve the sustainable management of agricultural wastes. Overall, this review paper provides insights into various inoculation techniques, identifies the limitations and current challenges of co-composting, especially with microbial inoculation, and recommends areas for further research in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babett Greff
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Széchenyi István University, 15-17 Lucsony Street, 9200, Mosonmagyaróvár, Hungary.
| | - Jenő Szigeti
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Széchenyi István University, 15-17 Lucsony Street, 9200, Mosonmagyaróvár, Hungary
| | - Ágnes Nagy
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Széchenyi István University, 15-17 Lucsony Street, 9200, Mosonmagyaróvár, Hungary
| | - Erika Lakatos
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Széchenyi István University, 15-17 Lucsony Street, 9200, Mosonmagyaróvár, Hungary
| | - László Varga
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Széchenyi István University, 15-17 Lucsony Street, 9200, Mosonmagyaróvár, Hungary
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23
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Araujo ASF, de Pereira APDA, Antunes JEL, Oliveira LMDS, de Melo WJ, Rocha SMB, do Amorim MR, Araujo FF, Melo VMM, Mendes LW. Dynamics of bacterial and archaeal communities along the composting of tannery sludge. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:64295-64306. [PMID: 34304356 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-15585-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The process of composting has been proposed as a biological alternative to improve the quality of tannery sludge (TS) by the action of microbial communities. However, there is limited knowledge about the dynamic of these microbial communities during the composting process. This study assessed the responses of bacterial and archaeal communities during TS composting using the 16S rRNA sequencing. The composting process occurred within 90 days, and samples of compost were collected on day 7 (d7; mesophilic stage), 30 (d30; thermophilic stage), 60 (d60; cooling stage), and 90 (d90; maturation stage). The results showed a succession of microbial phyla during the composting with enrichment of Synergistetes, WS1, and Euryarchaeota at the mesophilic stage, while at the thermophilic stage, there was an enrichment of Hydrogenedentes, WPS-2, Chloroflexi, and Deinococcus-Thermus. At the cooling stage, there was an enrichment of Kiritimatiellaeota, and at the maturation stage, there was an enrichment of Entotheonellaeota, Dadabacteria, Nitrospirae, Dependiatiae, and Fibrobacteres. When analyzing the drivers influencing microbial communities, Cr and pH presented more negative correlations with general phyla. In contrast, S, C, K, temperature, and N presented more positive correlations, while Ni, Cd, and P showed fewer correlations. According to niche occupancy, we observed a decreased proportion of generalists with a consequently increased proportion of specialists following the composting process. This study showed that different stages of the composting present a specific microbial community structure and dynamics, which are related to some specific composting characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Wanderley José de Melo
- Technology Department, São Paulo State University, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Environmental Science, Campus of Descalvado, Brazil University, Descalvado, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Vania Maria Maciel Melo
- Laboratory of Microbial Ecology and Biotechnology, Federal University of Ceara, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Lucas William Mendes
- Cellular and Molecular Laboratory, Center for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture, University of Sao Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
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24
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Cotta SPM, Marins MS, Marriel IE, Lana UGP, Gomes EA, Figueiredo JEF, Oliveira-Paiva CA. Thermo-resistant enzyme-producing microorganisms isolated from composting. BRAZ J BIOL 2021; 83:e244205. [PMID: 34468511 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.244205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Organo-mineral fertilizers supplemented with biological additives are an alternative to chemical fertilizers. In this study, thermoresistant microorganisms from composting mass were isolated by two-step procedures. First, samples taken at different time points and temperatures (33 days at 52 ºC, 60 days at 63 ºC, and over 365 days at 26 ºC) were pre-incubated at 80 oC for 30 minutes. Second, the microbial selection by in vitro culture-based methods and heat shock at 60 oC and 100 oC for 2h and 4h. Forty-one isolates were able to grow at 60 °C for 4h; twenty-seven at 100 °C for 2h, and two at 100 °C for 4h. The molecular identification by partial sequencing of the 16S ribosomal gene using universal primers revealed that thirty-five isolates were from eight Bacillus species, one Brevibacillus borstelensis, three Streptomyces thermogriseus, and two fungi (Thermomyces lanuginosus and T. dupontii). Data from amylase, phytase, and cellulase activity assays and the enzymatic index (EI) showed that 38 of 41 thermo-resistant isolates produce at least one enzyme. For amylase activity, the highest EI value was observed in Bacillus licheniformis (isolate 21C2, EI= 4.11), followed by Brevibacillus borstelensis (isolate 6C2, EI= 3.66), Bacillus cereus (isolate 18C2, EI= 3.52), and Bacillus paralicheniformis (isolate 20C2, EI= 3.34). For phytase, the highest EI values were observed for Bacillus cereus (isolate 18C2, EI= 2.30) and Bacillus licheniformis (isolate 3C1, EI= 2.15). Concerning cellulose production, B. altitudinis (isolate 6C1) was the most efficient (EI= 6.40), followed by three Bacillus subtilis (isolates 9C1, 16C2, and 19C2) with EI values of 5.66, 5.84, and 5.88, respectively, and one B. pumilus (isolate 27C2, EI= 5.78). The selected microorganisms are potentially useful as a biological additive in organo-mineral fertilizers and other biotechnological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- S P M Cotta
- Programa de Mestrado Profissional em Biotecnologia e Gestão da Inovação, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Centro Universitário de Sete Lagoas, UNIFEMM, Sete Lagoas, MG, Brasil
| | - M S Marins
- Programa de Microbiologia Agrícola, Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Lavras - UFLA, Lavras, MG, Brasil
| | - I E Marriel
- Laboratório de Microbiologia e Biologia Molecular Embrapa Milho e Sorgo, CNPMS/Embrapa, Sete Lagoas, MG, Brasil
| | - U G P Lana
- Laboratório de Microbiologia e Biologia Molecular Embrapa Milho e Sorgo, CNPMS/Embrapa, Sete Lagoas, MG, Brasil
| | - E A Gomes
- Laboratório de Microbiologia e Biologia Molecular Embrapa Milho e Sorgo, CNPMS/Embrapa, Sete Lagoas, MG, Brasil
| | - J E F Figueiredo
- Laboratório de Microbiologia e Biologia Molecular Embrapa Milho e Sorgo, CNPMS/Embrapa, Sete Lagoas, MG, Brasil
| | - C A Oliveira-Paiva
- Laboratório de Microbiologia e Biologia Molecular Embrapa Milho e Sorgo, CNPMS/Embrapa, Sete Lagoas, MG, Brasil
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25
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Harindintwali JD, Zhou J, Muhoza B, Wang F, Herzberger A, Yu X. Integrated eco-strategies towards sustainable carbon and nitrogen cycling in agriculture. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 293:112856. [PMID: 34051535 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
To meet the ever-growing human demands for food, fuel, and fiber, agricultural activities have dramatically altered the global carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) cycles. These biogeochemical cycles along with water, phosphorus, and sulfur cycles are fundamental features of life on Earth. Human alteration of the global N cycle has had both positive and negative outcomes. To efficiently feed a growing population, crop-livestock production systems have been developed, however, these systems also contribute significantly to environmental pollution and global climate change. Management of agricultural waste (AW) and the application of N fertilizers are central to the issues of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and nutrient runoff that contributes to the eutrophication of water bodies. If managed properly, AW can provide nutrients for plants and contribute to the conservation of soil health. In order to achieve the long-term conservation of agricultural production systems, it is important to promote the proper recycling of AW in agroecosystems and to minimize the reliance on chemical N fertilizers. Composting is one of the sustainable and effective approaches for recycling AW in agriculture. However, the conventional composting process is dilatory and produces compost with low N content compared to chemical N fertilizers. For this reason, comprehensive research is required to improve the composting process and the N content of the soil organic amendments. This work aims to explore the beneficial effects of the integrated application of biochar and specific C and N cycling microorganisms to the composting process and the quality of the composted products. In pursuit of replacing chemical N fertilizers with bio/organic fertilizers, we further discussed the power of the combined application of compost, biochar, and N-fixing bacteria in agricultural production systems. The knowledge of smart integration of AW and microorganisms in agriculture could solve the main agricultural and environmental problems associated with human-induced flows of C and N. Building upon the knowledge disseminated in review to further extensive research will pave the way for better management of agricultural production systems and sustainable C and N cycling in agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Damascene Harindintwali
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry & Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Li-Hu Road, Bin-Hu District, Wuxi, 214122, China.
| | - Jianli Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry & Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Li-Hu Road, Bin-Hu District, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Bertrand Muhoza
- National Research Center of Soybean Engineering and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150028, China
| | - Fang Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Anna Herzberger
- Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, United States
| | - Xiaobin Yu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry & Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Li-Hu Road, Bin-Hu District, Wuxi, 214122, China.
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26
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Sardar MF, Li H, Zhu C, Dar AA, Zhang B, Waqas MA. Differential effects of sulfamethoxazole concentrations on the enzymatic dynamics of aerobic composting. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 336:125330. [PMID: 34087732 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Enzymatic activities play an important role in the biological composting processing of agricultural wastes. This paper explores the effect of sulfamethoxazole (SMX) (Control, 25 mg/kg, 50 mg/kg, and 100 mg/kg) on the enzymatic activities of cellulase, protease, urease, and arylsulfatase. Compost samples were taken at three different intervals for analysis (day 0, day 25, and day 45). The findings revealed that at the start of the composting process, a strongly negative effect on enzymatic behavior was observed, and this response was significantly dependent on SMX concentrations (p < 0.05). The inhibition was consistent across all treatments. According to the results, the negative impact of SMX on community structure can result in selection pressure. Furthermore, all of the treatments had drastically improved enzymatic activity by the end of the composting process (day 45). This effect was presumably caused by the deterioration of SMX and a substantial stress reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Fahad Sardar
- Agricultural Clean Watershed Research Group, Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, PR China.
| | - Hongna Li
- Agricultural Clean Watershed Research Group, Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, PR China.
| | - Changxiong Zhu
- Agricultural Clean Watershed Research Group, Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Afzal Ahmed Dar
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xian 710000, PR China
| | - Bo Zhang
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Muhammad Ahmed Waqas
- Agricultural Clean Watershed Research Group, Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, PR China
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27
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Moreno J, López-González JA, Arcos-Nievas MA, Suárez-Estrella F, Jurado MM, Estrella-González MJ, López MJ. Revisiting the succession of microbial populations throughout composting: A matter of thermotolerance. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 773:145587. [PMID: 33592470 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Composting has been traditionally considered a process in which a succession of mesophilic and thermophilic microbial populations occurs due to temperature changes. In order to deepen in this model, 1380 bacterial and fungal strains (the entire culturable microbiota isolated from a composting process) were investigated for their ability to grow across a wide range of temperatures (20 to 60 °C). First, qualitative tests were performed to establish a thermal profile for each strain. Then, quantitative tests allowed ascertaining the extent of growth for each strain at each of the tested temperatures. The identity of the isolates enabled to position them taxonomically and permitted tracking the strains throughout the process. Results showed that 90% of the isolates were classified as thermotolerant (they grew at all tested temperatures). Only 9% and 1% of the studied strains showed to be strictly mesophilic or thermophilic, respectively. Firmicutes exhibited the greatest thermal plasticity, followed by Actinobacteria and Ascomycota. Most of the Proteobacteria and all Basidiomycota strains were also able to grow at all the assayed temperatures. Thermotolerance was clearly demonstrated among the composting microbiota, suggesting that the idea of the succession of mesophilic and thermophilic populations throughout the process might need a reassessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Moreno
- Unit of Microbiology, Department of Biology and Geology, CITE II-B, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence ceiA3; CIAIMBITAL, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - J A López-González
- Unit of Microbiology, Department of Biology and Geology, CITE II-B, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence ceiA3; CIAIMBITAL, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain.
| | - M A Arcos-Nievas
- Unit of Microbiology, Department of Biology and Geology, CITE II-B, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence ceiA3; CIAIMBITAL, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - F Suárez-Estrella
- Unit of Microbiology, Department of Biology and Geology, CITE II-B, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence ceiA3; CIAIMBITAL, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - M M Jurado
- Unit of Microbiology, Department of Biology and Geology, CITE II-B, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence ceiA3; CIAIMBITAL, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - M J Estrella-González
- Unit of Microbiology, Department of Biology and Geology, CITE II-B, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence ceiA3; CIAIMBITAL, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - M J López
- Unit of Microbiology, Department of Biology and Geology, CITE II-B, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence ceiA3; CIAIMBITAL, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain
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28
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Mandpe A, Yadav N, Paliya S, Tyagi L, Ram Yadav B, Singh L, Kumar S, Kumar R. Exploring the synergic effect of fly ash and garbage enzymes on biotransformation of organic wastes in in-vessel composting system. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 322:124557. [PMID: 33360274 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.124557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present work was to study the synergic effect of fly ash (FA) and garbage enzymes (GE) on biotransformation of organic wastes in in-vessel composting system. In-vessel composting of organic waste (household + brown in vessel 1) was performed with fly ash (mixed 5% in vessel 2; 10% in vessel 3; 15% in vessel 4; and 20% in vessel 5) by addition of extra carbon source (5%) and garbage enzyme in a fixed-dose (5%) for 15 days and changes in chemical properties (C: N ratio, nitrates, sulphates, phosphates and macro-elements) were analyzed at maturity. Vessel 5 showed better results in terms of organic matter degradability and C: N ratio (13.68) of mature compost. Principal Component Analysis (PCS) also confirmed vessel 5 as the best performing among other vessels. FTIR analysis indicated a major shift in chemical structure of organic waste due to the composting action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashootosh Mandpe
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201 002, India; CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-NEERI), Nehru Marg, Nagpur 440 020, India
| | - Nikita Yadav
- Amity School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Amity University Haryana, Gurgaon 122 413, India; CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-NEERI), Nehru Marg, Nagpur 440 020, India
| | - Sonam Paliya
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201 002, India; CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-NEERI), Nehru Marg, Nagpur 440 020, India
| | - Lakshay Tyagi
- CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-NEERI), Nehru Marg, Nagpur 440 020, India
| | - Bholu Ram Yadav
- CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-NEERI), Nehru Marg, Nagpur 440 020, India
| | - Lal Singh
- CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-NEERI), Nehru Marg, Nagpur 440 020, India
| | - Sunil Kumar
- CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-NEERI), Nehru Marg, Nagpur 440 020, India.
| | - Rakesh Kumar
- CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-NEERI), Nehru Marg, Nagpur 440 020, India
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Feng J, Wang B, Zhang D, Chu S, Zhi Y, Hayat K, Wang J, Chen X, Hui N, Zhou P. Streptomyces griseorubens JSD-1 promotes rice straw composting efficiency in industrial-scale fermenter: Evaluation of change in physicochemical properties and microbial community. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 321:124465. [PMID: 33296775 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.124465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The influence of Streptomyces griseorubens JSD-1 on microbial community succession during rice straw composting in an industrial-scale fermenter was assessed by high-throughput sequencing technology. Compared to uninoculated control, JSD-1 inoculation effectively raised composting temperature and improved other maturation indices. JSD-1 inoculation increased the relative abundance of Actinobacteria in thermophilic phase and Firmicutes in cooling and maturation phases. At the genus level, JSD-1 inoculation increased the abundance of organic matter degrading bacteria (Virgibacillus) and lignocellulose degrading fungi (Chaetomium and Melanocarpus); while it decreased the abundance of pathogenic fungi (Geosmithia and Acremonium). Moreover, JSD-1 changed microbes that differed significantly and altered the key connecting nodes of microbial community. Organic matter and temperature were the most significant indices that had mutual influences on bacterial and fungal communities, respectively. This study demonstrated that JSD-1 was an effective inoculant on rice straw fast composting in the industrial-scale fermenter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Feng
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture, Bor S. Luh Food Safety Research Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bin Wang
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture, Bor S. Luh Food Safety Research Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dan Zhang
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture, Bor S. Luh Food Safety Research Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shaohua Chu
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture, Bor S. Luh Food Safety Research Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuee Zhi
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture, Bor S. Luh Food Safety Research Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kashif Hayat
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture, Bor S. Luh Food Safety Research Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Juncai Wang
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture, Bor S. Luh Food Safety Research Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xunfeng Chen
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture, Bor S. Luh Food Safety Research Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Nan Hui
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture, Bor S. Luh Food Safety Research Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Pei Zhou
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture, Bor S. Luh Food Safety Research Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
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30
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Tran HT, Lin C, Bui XT, Itayama T, Dang BT, Cheruiyot NK, Hoang HG, Vu CT. Bacterial community progression during food waste composting containing high dioctyl terephthalate (DOTP) concentration. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 265:129064. [PMID: 33248736 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.129064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The overall dioctyl terephthalate (DOTP) degradation efficiency during food waste composting was 98%. The thermophilic phases contributed to 76% of the overall degradation efficiency, followed by the maturation phase (22%), then the mesophilic phase (0.7%). The thermophilic phase had the highest specific degradation rate of 0.149 d-1. The progression of the bacterial community during the composting process was investigated to understand DOTP biodegradation. The results showed that the bacterial richness and the alpha diversity of the DOTP composting were similar to a typical composting process, indicating that the high concentration of DOTP did not hinder the thriving and evolution of the bacterial community. Additionally, Firmicutes was the most dominant at the phylum level, followed by Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes. Bacilli was the most dominant class (70%) in the mesophilic phase, with the abundance decreasing thereafter in the thermophilic and maturation phase. Moreover, Lactobacillus sp. was the dominant species at the beginning of the experiment, which was probably responsible for DOTP biodegradation. The high removal efficiency observed in the maturation phase indicates that degradation occurs in all the composting phases, and that compost can be used to enhance natural attenuation. These findings provide a better understanding of the bacterial communities during biodegradation of DOTP and plasticizers via food waste composting and should facilitate the development of appropriate green bioremediation technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huu Tuan Tran
- College of Maritime, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung, 81157, Taiwan; Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung, 81157, Taiwan
| | - Chitsan Lin
- College of Maritime, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung, 81157, Taiwan; Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung, 81157, Taiwan.
| | - Xuan Thanh Bui
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Waste Treatment Technology, Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh (VNU-HCM), Linh Trung Ward, Thu Duc District, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Viet Nam; Faculty of Environment and Natural Resources, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HCMUT), Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Viet Nam.
| | - Tomoaki Itayama
- Graduate School of Engineering, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Bao Trong Dang
- Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology - HUTECH, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Viet Nam
| | - Nicholas Kiprotich Cheruiyot
- Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung, 81157, Taiwan
| | - Hong Giang Hoang
- College of Maritime, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung, 81157, Taiwan; Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung, 81157, Taiwan
| | - Chi Thanh Vu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The University of Alabama in Huntsville, AL, 35899, USA
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B Henry A, Maung CEH, Kim KY. Metagenomic analysis reveals enhanced biodiversity and composting efficiency of lignocellulosic waste by thermoacidophilic effective microorganism (tEM). JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2020; 276:111252. [PMID: 32927192 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.111252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Composting is a microbiological process that converts organic waste into organic soil amendment. We reveal enhanced biodiversity and microbial population with subsequent enhancement of composting efficiency of lignocellulosic waste using thermoacidophilic effective microorganisms (tEM). Composting with tEM + shading (tEMA) or tEM without shading (tEMB) increased the average microbial population by 12.0% or 6.7%, respectively compared to non-tEM composting without shading/control (C). The biodiversity in tEMA or tEMB treated groups was increased by 34.7% or 43.7%, respectively, compared to C. The highest increase in population (31.7% and 9.4%) and diversity (91.2% and 91.6%) were observed in tEMA and tEMB at 30 d, respectively. Regarding microbial structure, the most dominant phylum shifted from Proteobacteria to Bacteroidetes during composting. From 60 to 120 d, tEM notably improved the average abundance of Firmicutes (mainly Bacillus) by 166.7% and 75.8% in tEMA and tEMB groups, respectively. The overall gradation rate of large compost granules (<2 mm) increased by 36.4% and 24.7%, following tEMA and tEMB treatment, respectively. The average rate of increase in bulk density was 42.6% or 33.3% by tEMA or tEMB, respectively, compared to C. We reveal the major differences in microbial structure, including a higher abundance of beneficial microbes like Bacillus in tEM treated composts. The study revealed that tEM could improve biodiversity and population of microbes, especially during thermophilic phase (above 45 °C), with a subsequent increase in composting rate, mineralization, and product quality. The results of this study are particularly invaluable in the areas of environmental conservation and organic agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajuna B Henry
- Department of Agriculture Chemistry, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-Ku Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea.
| | - Chaw Ei Htwe Maung
- Department of Agriculture Chemistry, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-Ku Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kil Yong Kim
- Department of Agriculture Chemistry, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-Ku Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea.
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Recycling of Organic Wastes through Composting: Process Performance and Compost Application in Agriculture. AGRONOMY-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/agronomy10111838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Composting has become a preferable option to treat organic wastes to obtain a final stable sanitized product that can be used as an organic amendment. From home composting to big municipal waste treatment plants, composting is one of the few technologies that can be practically implemented at any scale. This review explores some of the essential issues in the field of composting/compost research: on one hand, the main parameters related to composting performance are compiled, with especial emphasis on the maturity and stability of compost; on the other hand, the main rules of applying compost on crops and other applications are explored in detail, including all the effects that compost can have on agricultural land. Especial attention is paid to aspects such as the improvement of the fertility of soils once compost is applied, the suppressor effect of compost and some negative experiences of massive compost application.
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Estrella-González MJ, Suárez-Estrella F, Jurado MM, López MJ, López-González JA, Siles-Castellano AB, Muñoz-Mérida A, Moreno J. Uncovering new indicators to predict stability, maturity and biodiversity of compost on an industrial scale. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 313:123557. [PMID: 32512428 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Currently, the metagenomic study of the composting process has gained great importance since it has allowed the identification of the existence of microorganisms that, until now, had not been isolated during the process by traditional techniques. However, it is still complex to determine which bioindicators could reveal the degree of maturity and stability of a particular compost. Thereby, the main objective of this work was to demonstrate the possible correlation between traditional parameters of maturity and stability of compost, with other indicators of biodiversity in products highly heterogeneous from composting processes on an industrial scale. The results demonstrated the enormous influence of the raw materials in characterizing the products obtained. Even so, important relationships were established between the Chao1 and Shannon indexes, and certain parameters related to the maturity, stability and toxicity of the samples, such as nitrification index, humification rate, phenolic content, germination index or oxygen consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Estrella-González
- Department of Biology and Geology, CITE II-B, University of Almería, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence, ceiA3, 04120, CIAIMBITAL, Almería, Spain
| | - F Suárez-Estrella
- Department of Biology and Geology, CITE II-B, University of Almería, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence, ceiA3, 04120, CIAIMBITAL, Almería, Spain.
| | - M M Jurado
- Department of Biology and Geology, CITE II-B, University of Almería, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence, ceiA3, 04120, CIAIMBITAL, Almería, Spain
| | - M J López
- Department of Biology and Geology, CITE II-B, University of Almería, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence, ceiA3, 04120, CIAIMBITAL, Almería, Spain
| | - J A López-González
- Department of Biology and Geology, CITE II-B, University of Almería, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence, ceiA3, 04120, CIAIMBITAL, Almería, Spain
| | - A B Siles-Castellano
- Department of Biology and Geology, CITE II-B, University of Almería, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence, ceiA3, 04120, CIAIMBITAL, Almería, Spain
| | - A Muñoz-Mérida
- CIBIO-InBIO, Universidade do Porto, Campus de Vairão, Rua Padre Armando Quintas, 4485-661 Vairão, Portugal
| | - J Moreno
- Department of Biology and Geology, CITE II-B, University of Almería, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence, ceiA3, 04120, CIAIMBITAL, Almería, Spain
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Ojha SK, Singh PK, Mishra S, Pattnaik R, Dixit S, Verma SK. Response surface methodology based optimization and scale-up production of amylase from a novel bacterial strain, Bacillus aryabhattai KIIT BE-1. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 27:e00506. [PMID: 32742945 PMCID: PMC7388185 DOI: 10.1016/j.btre.2020.e00506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
A novel strain KIIT BE-1 isolated from a specialized environment, screened through starch iodine test from a set of eighty-five biodigestate isolates, produced amylase maximally when cultured for 48 h at 37 °C. The molecular and biochemical characterization confirmed it as a strain of Bacillus aryabhattai. It exhibited optimal amylase activity (3.20 U/ml) at 36 h post incubation with a media combination of starch and yeast extract for C-N source respectively. Statistical optimisation by response surface modeling showed R2 values of 0.9645 for biomass and 0.9831 for amylase activity, suggesting the significance of the model. The optimised medium (10.25 % starch, 5.0 % peptone, 5.18 % yeast extract, pH 7.3) enhanced the enzyme activity to 4.16 U/ml (1.39-fold) from 3.20 U/ml of un-optimised medium. Further, the biomass yield and the enzymatic activity in optimized medium and process conditions increased by 1.14 and 1.21 folds subjected to a 5 l scaled-up operation in a lab-scale bioreactor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay Kumar Ojha
- School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT) Deemed-to-be-University, Bhubaneswar, 751 024, India.,Pandorum Technologies Pvt. Ltd., Bangalore Bioinnovation Centre, Helix Biotech Park, Electronic City Phase 1, Bengaluru, 560 100, India
| | - Puneet Kumar Singh
- School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT) Deemed-to-be-University, Bhubaneswar, 751 024, India
| | - Snehasish Mishra
- School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT) Deemed-to-be-University, Bhubaneswar, 751 024, India
| | - Ritesh Pattnaik
- School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT) Deemed-to-be-University, Bhubaneswar, 751 024, India
| | - Shubha Dixit
- School of Pharmacy, Lloyd Institute of Management and Technology, PlotNo.11, Knowledge Park II, Greater Noida, 201310, India
| | - Suresh K Verma
- School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT) Deemed-to-be-University, Bhubaneswar, 751 024, India
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Abstract
Over the last decade, food waste has been one of the major issues globally as it brings a negative impact on the environment and health. Rotting discharges methane, causing greenhouse effect and adverse health effects due to pathogenic microorganisms or toxic leachates that reach agricultural land and water system. As a solution, composting is implemented to manage and reduce food waste in line with global sustainable development goals (SDGs). This review compiles input on the types of organic composting, its characteristics, physico-chemical properties involved, role of microbes and tools available in determining the microbial community structure. Composting types: vermi-composting, windrow composting, aerated static pile composting and in-vessel composting are discussed. The diversity of microorganisms in each of the three stages in composting is highlighted and the techniques used to determine the microbial community structure during composting such as biochemical identification, polymerase chain reaction denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE), terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) and single strand-conformation polymorphism (SSCP), microarray analysis and next-generation sequencing (NGS) are discussed. Overall, a good compost, not only reduces waste issues, but also contributes substantially to the economic and social sectors of a nation.
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Effect of Cornstalk Biochar Immobilized Bacteria on Ammonia Reduction in Laying Hen Manure Composting. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25071560. [PMID: 32231157 PMCID: PMC7181132 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25071560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
NH3 emission has become one of the key factors for aerobic composting of animal manure. It has been reported that adding microbial agents during aerobic composting can reduce NH3 emissions. However, environmental factors have a considerable influence on the activity and stability of the microbial agent. Therefore, this study used cornstalk biochar as carriers to find out the better biological immobilization method to examine the mitigation ability and mechanism of NH3 production from laying hen manure composting. The results from different immobilized methods showed that NH3 was reduced by 12.43%, 5.53%, 14.57%, and 22.61% in the cornstalk biochar group, free load bacteria group, mixed load bacteria group, and separate load bacteria group, respectively. Under the simulated composting condition, NH3 production was 46.52, 38.14, 39.08, and 30.81 g in the treatment of the control, mixed bacteria, cornstalk biochar, and cornstalk biochar separate load immobilized mixed bacteria, respectively. The cornstalk biochar separate load immobilized mixed bacteria treatment significantly reduced NH3 emission compared with the other treatments (p < 0.05). Compared with the control, adding cornstalk biochar immobilized mixed bacteria significantly decreased the electrical conductivity, water-soluble carbon, total nitrogen loss, and concentration of ammonium nitrogen (p < 0.05), and significantly increased the seed germination rate, total number of microorganisms, and relative abundance of lactic acid bacteria throughout the composting process (p < 0.05). Therefore, the reason for the low NH3 emission might be due not only to the adsorption of the cornstalk biochar but also because of the role of complex bacteria, which increases the relative abundance of lactic acid bacteria and promotes the acid production of lactic acid bacteria to reduce NH3 emissions. This result revealed the potential of using biological immobilization technology to reduce NH3 emissions during laying hen manure composting.
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Monitoring of Fruit and Vegetable Waste Composting Process: Relationship between Microorganisms and Physico-Chemical Parameters. Processes (Basel) 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/pr8030302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate and evaluate the composting potential of fruit and vegetable waste with sawdust in different combinations and to establish the relationship between microorganisms and physico-chemical parameters. Three samples were made with the C/N ratios of 50 (sample 1), 45 (sample 2), and 30 (sample 3) by adding fruit waste (apple, banana, orange, and kiwi peels) and vegetable waste (cabbage leaves, potato and carrot peels). The total amount of fruit and vegetable waste was approximately 2 kg in each sample to which different quantities of sawdust were added (1.23, 0.14, and 0.203 kg) in order to obtain the C/N ratios proposed and to limit the odor. Composting process was monitored over 70 days, while physico-chemical and microbiological analyses were performed. Results showed that in the first week pH is acidic and electrical conductivity values are high for all three samples, and then the pH values increase during the composting process, while electrical conductivity values decrease. The nitrogen content is low in all samples and will decrease during the first five weeks of the composting process, then begin to increase slightly. Cr, Cu, Ni, and Zn values in the all three compost samples are below threshold values. During the composing process the microbial communities are constantly changing. The compost was successfully obtained and meets the requirement standards for agricultural use. It can be concluded that there is statistically significant association between the microorganisms and physico-chemical indicators.
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Awasthi SK, Sarsaiya S, Awasthi MK, Liu T, Zhao J, Kumar S, Zhang Z. Changes in global trends in food waste composting: Research challenges and opportunities. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 299:122555. [PMID: 31866141 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2019] [Revised: 12/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Increasing food waste (FW) generation has put significant pressure on the environment and has increased the global financial costs of its appropriate management. Among the traditional organic waste recycling technologies (i.e., incineration, landfilling and anaerobic digestion), composting is an economically feasible and reliable technology for FW recycling regardless of its technical flaws and social issues. The global scenario of FW generation, technical advancement in FW composting and essential nutrient recovery from organic waste with waste recycling are discussed in this article. Recent research on various strategies to improve FW composting, including co-composting, the addition of organic/inorganic additives, the mitigation of gaseous emission, and microbiological variations are comprehensively explained. Subsequently, it is shown that the performing FW composting in an existing mechanical facility can improve organic waste degradation and produce value-added mature compost to save on costs and increase the technological feasibility and viability of FW composting to some extent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjeev Kumar Awasthi
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China
| | - Surendra Sarsaiya
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Mukesh Kumar Awasthi
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China
| | - Tao Liu
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China
| | - Junchao Zhao
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China
| | - Sunil Kumar
- CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute CSIR-NEERI, Nehru Marg, Nagpur, Maharashtra 440020, India
| | - Zengqiang Zhang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China.
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Microbes as vital additives for solid waste composting. Heliyon 2020; 6:e03343. [PMID: 32095647 PMCID: PMC7033521 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2019] [Revised: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Composting is a natural process that stems through microbial succession, marking the degradation and stabilization of organic matter present in waste. The use of microbial additives during composting is considered highly efficient, likely to enhance the production of different enzymes resulting in better rate of waste degradation. In lesser developed countries, composting has emerged as a vital technology to recycle the biodegradable waste while generating a useful product. Depending on the composition of the waste material, it can either directly undergo composting or homogenized prior to secondary waste treatment methods such as landfilling. However, a relatively expensive downstream handling all along is a main hurdle towards economics of the process. Although basic methodology and recent approaches are known in crucial aspects of the process through various reviews, exploring the behavior of effective microbial additives will be resourceful. In this review, to fill in the gap, studies related to microbial composting of municipal solid and food waste were acknowledged. Here in, factors that could slow down the composting process and affect the compost quality were addressed. Lastly, the review pictured a positive simulation and stated how excellent results, can be achieved by microbial additives during composting.
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Yuvaraj A, Karmegam N, Tripathi S, Kannan S, Thangaraj R. Environment-friendly management of textile mill wastewater sludge using epigeic earthworms: Bioaccumulation of heavy metals and metallothionein production. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2020; 254:109813. [PMID: 31739094 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.109813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, Eudrilus eugeniae and Perionyx excavatus were used for vermistabilization of textile mill sludge in different combinations with cowdung for 60 days. A higher percentage of metal removal was observed in earthworm treated mixtures for cadmium (54.5%) followed by copper (36.0%), chromium (37.0%) and zinc (35.9%). Vermistabilized textile mill sludge + cowdung (1:1) showed a maximum percentage increase in total NPK, a significant (P < 0.05) increase in bacteria, fungi, and actinomycetes with a better earthworm survival rate. A higher amount of metallothionein protein was produced by E. eugeniae than P. excavatus. Further, 100% textile mill sludge showed a number of histological abnormalities like degeneration of cells, cellular debris, and uneven cellular compartmentation while textile mill sludge with cowdung showed normal earthworm histology. Results suggest that textile mill sludge + cowdung (1:1) combination is suitable for vermistabilization of textile mill sludge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ananthanarayanan Yuvaraj
- Vermitechnology and Ecotoxicology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Periyar University, Salem, 636 011, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Natchimuthu Karmegam
- Department of Botany, Government Arts College, Salem, 636 007, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sudipta Tripathi
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry and Soil Science, Institute of Agricultural Science, University of Calcutta, Baruipur, Kolkata, 700 144, West Bengal, India
| | - Soundarapandian Kannan
- Proteomics and Molecular Cell Physiology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Periyar University, Salem, 636 011, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ramasundaram Thangaraj
- Vermitechnology and Ecotoxicology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Periyar University, Salem, 636 011, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Bellino A, Baldantoni D, Picariello E, Morelli R, Alfani A, De Nicola F. Role of different microorganisms in remediating PAH-contaminated soils treated with compost or fungi. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2019; 252:109675. [PMID: 31614261 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.109675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Revised: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Microbial degradation is the main responsible for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) removal from contaminated soils, and the understanding of this process is pivotal to define effective bioremediation approaches. To evaluate the contribution of several microbial groups in soil anthracene and benzo[a]pyrene degradation, the analysis of phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) profiles and machine learning techniques were employed. To this end, PLFAs and PAH concentrations were analysed, along 274 days of incubation in mesocosms, in soils artificially contaminated with anthracene and benzo[a]pyrene, subjected to different treatments: untreated soil and soils treated with biowaste compost or fungal consortium. Random forest models, figuring anthracene or benzo[a]pyrene concentrations as dependent variables and PLFAs as predictors, were then built to evaluate the contribution of each variable in PAH degradation. PLFA profiles varied substantially among soil treatments and along time, with the increase of Actinomycetes in soils added with fungi and other Gram+ bacteria in compost amended soils. The former, together with fungi, are primarily responsible for anthracene and benzo[a]pyrene degradation in both treated soils, a process in which also metanotrophs and other Gram+ and Gram- bacteria participate. In untreated soil, the cooperation of a multitude of different microorganisms was, instead, responsible for PAH removal, a process with lower efficiency in respect to treated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Bellino
- Dip. Chimica e Biologia "Adolfo Zambelli", Università degli Studi di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084, Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | - Daniela Baldantoni
- Dip. Chimica e Biologia "Adolfo Zambelli", Università degli Studi di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084, Fisciano, SA, Italy.
| | - Enrica Picariello
- Dip. Scienze e Tecnologie, Università degli Studi del Sannio, Via F. De Sanctis, 82100, Benevento, Italy
| | - Raffaella Morelli
- Dip. Chimica e Biologia "Adolfo Zambelli", Università degli Studi di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084, Fisciano, SA, Italy; Dip. Ambiente e agricoltura di montagna, Centro di Trasferimento Tecnologico, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via Mach 1, 38010, San Michele all'Adige, TN, Italy
| | - Anna Alfani
- Dip. Chimica e Biologia "Adolfo Zambelli", Università degli Studi di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084, Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | - Flavia De Nicola
- Dip. Scienze e Tecnologie, Università degli Studi del Sannio, Via F. De Sanctis, 82100, Benevento, Italy
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Fang Y, Jia X, Chen L, Lin C, Zhang H, Chen J. Effect of thermotolerant bacterial inoculation on the microbial community during sludge composting. Can J Microbiol 2019; 65:750-761. [DOI: 10.1139/cjm-2019-0107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A thermophilic bacterium (Geobacillus stearothermophilus CHB1) was inoculated in a sludge compost, and the effects of the inoculation on the abundance and structure of the bacterial community in the sludge compost were investigated using quantitative PCR and Illumina MiSeq sequencing. The results showed that the high-temperature stage (>50 °C) of the CHB1 and CK (control without inoculum) piles started on days 5 and 8, respectively, and lasted for 7 and 2 days, respectively, indicating the extension of the thermophilic phase by CHB1 inoculation in the sludge compost. At the end of composting, the CHB1 piles showed a higher loss of total organic carbon, lower C/N ratio, and lower moisture content. The abundance of bacteria in the CHB1 piles was significantly higher in the heating and thermophilic phase of composting but were lower than those of the CK in the cooling phase. The richness and diversity of the bacterial community in the thermophilic phase increased after inoculation with CHB1. After inoculation of CHB1, there were higher relative abundances of Firmicutes, Thermopolyspora, Thermobacillus, Thermomonas, Thermomonospora, and Thermovum, which can grow in a high-temperature environment. Furthermore, redundancy analysis indicated that total organic carbon, total nitrogen, C/N ratio, pH, temperature, and moisture were the significant parameters that affected the bacterial community structure during sludge composting. Our findings suggested that inoculation with CHB1 would enhance the quality and efficiency of composting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Fang
- Institute of Soil and Fertilizer, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350003, China
- Institute of Soil and Fertilizer, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350003, China
| | - Xianbo Jia
- Institute of Soil and Fertilizer, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350003, China
- Institute of Soil and Fertilizer, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350003, China
| | - Longjun Chen
- Institute of Soil and Fertilizer, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350003, China
- Institute of Soil and Fertilizer, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350003, China
| | - Chenqiang Lin
- Institute of Soil and Fertilizer, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350003, China
- Institute of Soil and Fertilizer, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350003, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Institute of Soil and Fertilizer, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350003, China
- Institute of Soil and Fertilizer, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350003, China
| | - Jichen Chen
- Institute of Soil and Fertilizer, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350003, China
- Institute of Soil and Fertilizer, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350003, China
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Khalid NA, Rajandas H, Parimannan S, Croft LJ, Loke S, Chong CS, Bruce NC, Yahya A. Insights into microbial community structure and diversity in oil palm waste compost. 3 Biotech 2019; 9:364. [PMID: 31588388 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-019-1892-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Empty fruit bunch (EFB) and palm oil mill effluent (POME) are the major wastes generated by the oil palm industry in Malaysia. The practice of EFB and POME digester sludge co-composting has shown positive results, both in mitigating otherwise environmentally damaging waste streams and producing a useful product (compost) from these streams. In this study, the bacterial ecosystems of 12-week-old EFB-POME co-compost and POME biogas sludge from Felda Maokil, Johor were analysed using 16S metagenome sequencing. Over ten phyla were detected, with Chloroflexi being the predominant phylum, representing approximately 53% of compost and 23% of the POME microbiome reads. The main bacterial lineage found in the compost and POME was Anaerolinaceae (Chloroflexi) with 30% and 18% of the total gene fragments, respectively. The significant differences between compost and POME communities were abundances of Syntrophobacter, Sulfuricurvum and Coprococcus. No methanogens were identified due to the bias in general 16S primers to eubacteria. The preponderance of anaerobic species in the compost and high abundance of secondary metabolite fermenting bacteria is due to an extended composting time, with anaerobic collapse of the pile due to the tropical heat. Predictive functional profiles of the metagenomes using 16S rRNA marker genes suggest that the presence of enzymes involved in degradation of polysaccharides such as glucoamylase, endoglucanase and arabinofuranosidase, all of which were strongly active in POME. Eubacterial species associated with cellulytic methanogenesis were present in both samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurshafika Abd Khalid
- 1Biorefinery Technology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Johor Bahru, Malaysia
| | - Heera Rajandas
- 2Centre of Excellence for Omics-Driven Computational Biodiscovery (COMBio), Faculty of Applied Sciences, AIMST University, 08100 Bedong, Kedah Malaysia
| | - Sivachandran Parimannan
- 2Centre of Excellence for Omics-Driven Computational Biodiscovery (COMBio), Faculty of Applied Sciences, AIMST University, 08100 Bedong, Kedah Malaysia
| | - Laurence J Croft
- 3Centre for Integrative Ecology, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3220 Australia
| | - Stella Loke
- 4School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood Campus, Building M, 221 Burwood Hwy, Burwood, Victoria 3125 Australia
| | - Chun Shiong Chong
- 1Biorefinery Technology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Johor Bahru, Malaysia
| | - Neil C Bruce
- 5Centre for Novel Agricultural Products, Department of Biology, University of York, Wentworth Way, York, YO10 5DD UK
| | - Adibah Yahya
- 1Biorefinery Technology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Johor Bahru, Malaysia
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Meng Q, Yang W, Men M, Bello A, Xu X, Xu B, Deng L, Jiang X, Sheng S, Wu X, Han Y, Zhu H. Microbial Community Succession and Response to Environmental Variables During Cow Manure and Corn Straw Composting. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:529. [PMID: 30936861 PMCID: PMC6431636 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.00529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In composting system, the composition of microbial communities is determined by the constant change in the physicochemical parameters. This study explored the dynamics of bacterial and fungal communities during cow manure and corn straw composting using high throughput sequencing technology. The relationships between physicochemical parameters and microbial community composition and abundance were also evaluated. The sequencing results revealed the major phyla included Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Chloroflexi and Actinobacteria, Ascomycota, and Basidiomycota. Linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) illustrated that Actinomycetales and Sordariomycetes were the indicators of bacteria and fungi in the maturation phase, respectively. Mantel test showed that NO3 --N, NH4 +-N, TN, C/N, temperature and moisture content significantly influenced bacterial community composition while only TN and moisture content had a significant effect on fungal community structure. Structural equation model (SEM) indicated that TN, NH4 +-N, NO3 --N and pH had a significant effect on fungal abundance while TN and temperature significantly affected bacterial abundance. Our finding increases the understanding of microbial community succession in cow manure and corn straw composting under natural conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Xiuhong Xu
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
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Awasthi MK, Chen H, Wang Q, Liu T, Duan Y, Awasthi SK, Ren X, Tu Z, Li J, Zhao J, Zhang Z. Succession of bacteria diversity in the poultry manure composted mixed with clay: Studies upon its dynamics and associations with physicochemical and gaseous parameters. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 267:618-625. [PMID: 30056372 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.07.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Revised: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the bacterial community succession and variations were investigated in poultry manure (PM) compost by the using high-throughput sequencing in six different concentration of clay [at 0% (T1), 2% (T2), 4% (T3), 6% (T4), 8% (T5) and 10% (T6) on PM dry weight basis] applied compost. The results indicated that dominant phylum were Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria and Bacteroidetes, while Bacillus, Paenibacillus, Virgibacillus, Oceanobacillus and Clostridium were the dominant genera in all the treatments. Correlation analyses provided useful tools for insight into the bacterial interactions with environmental factors and also extension of the compost maturation and resistance of bacteria. During the course of study, the diversity of bacteria similar but relative abundance variable in each treatments. However, the average and the normalized (to bacterial RAs or copies of sequences) both remained greater in higher dosage of clay applied treatments. Finally, the RAs of various bacterial community composition was affected in PM compost by the clay application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mukesh Kumar Awasthi
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China
| | - Hongyu Chen
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China
| | - Quan Wang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China
| | - Tao Liu
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China
| | - Yumin Duan
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China
| | - Sanjeev Kumar Awasthi
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China
| | - Xiuna Ren
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China
| | - Zhineng Tu
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China
| | - Jiao Li
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China
| | - Junchao Zhao
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China
| | - Zengqiang Zhang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China.
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Wang K, Mao H, Wang Z, Tian Y. Succession of organics metabolic function of bacterial community in swine manure composting. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2018; 360:471-480. [PMID: 30144766 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.08.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2018] [Revised: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Organics metabolic function of bacterial communities was evaluated in 60 days composting of swine manure and pumice by using MiSeq sequencing, PICRUSt and Biolog tools. The diversity of bacterial communities significantly decreased during the first 10 days, and gradually increased in the cooling and curing phase. The PICRUSt and Biolog analysis indicated that carbohydrate, lipid and amino acids metabolisms were relatively higher in the thermophilic phases. Xenobiotics biodegradation and metabolism, lipid metabolism, terpenoids and polyketides and biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites were mainly detected in the curing phases. Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) indicated that the succession of bacterial community and organics utilization characteristics were highly affected by the temperature, moisture and oxidation reduction potential (ORP) in the swine composting system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Wang
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe road, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150090, China.
| | - Hailong Mao
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe road, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150090, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe road, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150090, China
| | - Yu Tian
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe road, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150090, China
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Khatua C, Sengupta S, Krishna Balla V, Kundu B, Chakraborti A, Tripathi S. Dynamics of organic matter decomposition during vermicomposting of banana stem waste using Eisenia fetida. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2018; 79:287-295. [PMID: 30343756 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2018.07.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Revised: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A better understanding of how dynamics of physical and chemical changes occur during vermicomposting process would be helpful for determining the stability and maturity of vermicompost. For improving the knowledge about this issue several instrumental techniques were used in the present study to analyse the physical and chemical changes as a function of vermicomposting time of banana stem waste (BS) spiked with cow dung (CD) in different proportions using earthworm Eisenia fetida. Chemical analysis by ICP-AES showed gradual increase in the plant nutrients (P, Ca, K, Mg, Fe) up to 60 day of vermicomposting in all the treatments. But among different treatments, K, Mg and Fe were considerably higher in the BS2CD1 blend. The FTIR showed strong NO stretching vibration with increasing BS content signifying the presence of nitrate in the final compost. The TG analysis of final BS-CD composts described the lower mass loss (52-55%) in the final compared to the initial stage due to high level of humification by earthworms. The maturity of the final compost was confirmed by DSC analysis which exhibited lowering of relative intensity of exothermic peaks related to the easily degradable material at 320-330 °C and complex organic moieties at 495-530 °C. Decrease in the humification index (Q4/6, Q2/4, Q2/6) at 60 day confirmed the stability of vermicomposts. All the treatments showed <2 mg CO2-C g-1 vermicompost C day-1 respiration rates and >70% germination indices (GI) for rice and pea seeds. These findings defined a clear comparison between the treatments during vermicomposting in terms of stability and maturity and revealed that BS2CD1 can be utilized as nutrient-rich stable compost for enhanced crop production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandra Khatua
- Bioceramics & Coating Division, CSIR - Central Glass & Ceramic Research Institute, 196 Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (ACSIR), CSIR - Central Glass & Ceramic Research Institute Campus, 196 Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Somoshree Sengupta
- Bioceramics & Coating Division, CSIR - Central Glass & Ceramic Research Institute, 196 Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (ACSIR), CSIR - Central Glass & Ceramic Research Institute Campus, 196 Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Vamsi Krishna Balla
- Bioceramics & Coating Division, CSIR - Central Glass & Ceramic Research Institute, 196 Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (ACSIR), CSIR - Central Glass & Ceramic Research Institute Campus, 196 Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Biswanath Kundu
- Bioceramics & Coating Division, CSIR - Central Glass & Ceramic Research Institute, 196 Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (ACSIR), CSIR - Central Glass & Ceramic Research Institute Campus, 196 Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Ashis Chakraborti
- Department of Agronomy, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohonpur, Nadia 741246, India
| | - Sudipta Tripathi
- Institute of Agricultural Science, University of Calcutta, 51/2, Hazra Road, Kolkata 700019, India.
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Liu Y, Feng Y, Cheng D, Xue J, Wakelin S, Li Z. Dynamics of bacterial composition and the fate of antibiotic resistance genes and mobile genetic elements during the co-composting with gentamicin fermentation residue and lovastatin fermentation residue. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 261:249-256. [PMID: 29673993 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2018] [Revised: 03/31/2018] [Accepted: 04/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Dynamics in bacterial community composition, along with 13 antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and eight mobile genetic elements (MGEs), were assessed during co-composting with gentamicin and lovastatin fermentation residue (GFR and LFR, respectively). Using next generation sequencing, the key bacterial taxa associated with the different stages of composting were identified. Most importantly, Bacillus, belonging to Phylum Firmicutes, was associated with enhanced degradation of gentamicin, decomposition of organic matter (OM) and dissolved organic carbon (DOC), and also extension of the thermophilic phase of the composting cycle. During the course of composting, the patterns of different ARGs/MGEs varied. However, the total and the normalized (to bacterial numbers) copies both remained high. The abundance of various ARGs was related to bacterial abundance and community composition, and the changing pattern of individual ARGs was influenced by the selectivity of MGEs and bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanwang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer, Ministry of Agriculture, China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory for Soil Molecular Ecology, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China
| | - Yao Feng
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer, Ministry of Agriculture, China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory for Soil Molecular Ecology, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China
| | - Dengmiao Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer, Ministry of Agriculture, China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory for Soil Molecular Ecology, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China
| | - Jianming Xue
- College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; Scion, Private Bag 29237, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | | | - Zhaojun Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer, Ministry of Agriculture, China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory for Soil Molecular Ecology, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China.
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Varma VS, Dhamodharan K, Kalamdhad AS. Characterization of bacterial community structure during in-vessel composting of agricultural waste by 16S rRNA sequencing. 3 Biotech 2018; 8:301. [PMID: 29963361 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-018-1319-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial diversity during in-vessel (rotary drum) composting of agricultural waste was characterized using NGS-based 16S rRNA sequencing for microbial identification. The activity of the bacteria was observed to vary with the composting materials and degradation pattern. Taxonomic hits distribution at domain level revealed that 89.5% sequences belonged to bacteria, 9% to eukaryota followed by 1.4% archaea during drum composting. The lowest common ancestor (LCA) classification plot showed the high abundance of the phylum proteobacteria followed by actinobacteria in compost sample. Taxonomic hit distribution at family level showed that compost sample was enriched with Thermomonosporaceae. Thermomonospora curvata is an aerobic, cellulolytic, thermophilic Gram-positive bacterium which produces a number of industrially important compounds, i.e., cellulase, alpha-amylase, and polygalacturonate lyase. Thermomonospora family of bacteria play a major role in organic matter degradation during composting. Hence, in the present study species such as Actinomadura vinacea, Thermomonospora curvata, Actinoallomurus spadix, Actinomadura rubrobrunea. T. curvata were identified from the compost mixture, which can utilize many organic compounds such as cellulose starch, xylose or pectin. The other biggest group in compost sample was Actinobacteria with Thermoleophilum album as the most abundant species followed by Collinsella aerofaciens. The compost was stabilized with higher volatile solids reduction, lower OUR (4.49 mg/g VS/day) and CO2 (2.28 mg/g VS/day) values at the end of 20 days. The final compost was observed with 2.31% of TKN and 4.3% of phosphorus. Finally the results indicate that degradation of agricultural waste using drum composter was dominated by Bacilli, γ, β-proteobacteria, and actinobacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vempalli Sudharsan Varma
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, 781039 India
| | - Kondusamy Dhamodharan
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, 781039 India
| | - Ajay S Kalamdhad
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, 781039 India
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50
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Yang X, Geng B, Zhu C, Li H, He B, Guo H. Fermentation performance optimization in an ectopic fermentation system. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 260:329-337. [PMID: 29635213 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.03.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Revised: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Ectopic fermentation systems (EFSs) were developed for wastewater treatment. Previous studies have investigated the ability of thermophilic bacteria to improve fermentation performance in EFS. Continuing this research, we evaluated EFS performance using principle component analysis and investigated the addition of different proportions of cow dung. Viable bacteria communities were clustered and identified using BOX-AIR-based repetitive extragenic palindromic-PCR and 16S rDNA analysis. The results revealed optimal conditions for the padding were maize straw inoculated with thermophilic bacteria. Adding 20% cow dung yielded the best pH values (6.94-8.56), higher temperatures, increased wastewater absorption, improved litter quality, and greater microbial quantities. The viable bacteria groups were enriched by the addition of thermophilic consortium, and exogenous strains G21, G14, G4-1, and CR-15 were detected in fermentation process. The proportion of Bacillus species in treatment groups reached 70.37% after fermentation, demonstrating that thermophilic bacteria, especially Bacillus, have an important role in EFS, supporting previous predictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotong Yang
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Bing Geng
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Changxiong Zhu
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hongna Li
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Buwei He
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Guo
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China.
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