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Zhong D, Chen J, Qiao R, Song C, Hao C, Zou Y, Bai M, Su W, Yang B, Sun D, Jia Z, Sun Y. Genetic or pharmacologic blockade of mPGES-2 attenuates renal lipotoxicity and diabetic kidney disease by targeting Rev-Erbα/FABP5 signaling. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114075. [PMID: 38583151 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is one of the most common complications of diabetes, and no specific drugs are clinically available. We have previously demonstrated that inhibiting microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-2 (mPGES-2) alleviated type 2 diabetes by enhancing β cell function and promoting insulin production. However, the involvement of mPGES-2 in DKD remains unclear. Here, we aimed to analyze the association of enhanced mPGES-2 expression with impaired metabolic homeostasis of renal lipids and subsequent renal damage. Notably, global knockout or pharmacological blockage of mPGES-2 attenuated diabetic podocyte injury and tubulointerstitial fibrosis, thereby ameliorating lipid accumulation and lipotoxicity. These findings were further confirmed in podocyte- or tubule-specific mPGES-2-deficient mice. Mechanistically, mPGES-2 and Rev-Erbα competed for heme binding to regulate fatty acid binding protein 5 expression and lipid metabolism in the diabetic kidney. Our findings suggest a potential strategy for treating DKD via mPGES-2 inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Zhong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, P.R. China
| | - Jingshuo Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, P.R. China
| | - Ranran Qiao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, P.R. China; Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China; Public Experimental Research Center of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, P.R. China
| | - Chang Song
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, P.R. China; Public Experimental Research Center of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, P.R. China
| | - Chang Hao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, P.R. China; Public Experimental Research Center of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, P.R. China
| | - Yingying Zou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, P.R. China
| | - Mi Bai
- Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China
| | - Wen Su
- Department of Pathophysiology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Baoxue Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China; State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Dong Sun
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 99 West Huai-hai Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, China.
| | - Zhanjun Jia
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, P.R. China; Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China.
| | - Ying Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, P.R. China.
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Ahmed T, Liu FCF, Wu XY. An update on strategies for optimizing polymer-lipid hybrid nanoparticle-mediated drug delivery: exploiting transformability and bioactivity of PLN and harnessing intracellular lipid transport mechanism. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2024; 21:245-278. [PMID: 38344771 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2024.2318459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Polymer-lipid hybrid nanoparticle (PLN) is an emerging nanoplatform with distinct properties and functionalities from other nanocarrier systems. PLN can be optimized to overcome various levels of drug delivery barriers to achieve desired therapeutic outcomes via rational selection of polymer and lipid combinations based on a thorough understanding of their properties and interactions with therapeutic agents and biological systems. AREAS COVERED This review provides an overview of PLN including the motive and history of PLN development, types of PLN, preparation methods, attestations of their versatility, and design strategies to circumvent various barriers for increasing drug delivery accuracy and efficiency. It also highlights recent advances in PLN design including: rationale selection of polymer and lipid components to achieve spatiotemporal drug targeting and multi-targeted cascade drug delivery; utilizing the intracellular lipid transport mechanism for active targeting to desired organelles; and harnessing bioreactive lipids and polymers to magnify therapeutic effects. EXPERT OPINION A thorough understanding of properties of PLN components and their biofate is important for enhancing disease site targeting, deep tumor tissue penetration, cellular uptake, and intracellular trafficking of PLN. For futuristic PLN development, active lipid transport and dual functions of lipids and polymers as both nanocarrier material and pharmacological agents can be further explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taksim Ahmed
- Advanced Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery Laboratory, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Fuh-Ching Franky Liu
- Advanced Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery Laboratory, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Floresta G, Crocetti L, Silva RRDO, Patamia V, Mazzacuva F, Chen YCS, Vergelli C, Cilibrizzi A. Optimization of 4-amino-pyridazin-3(2H)-one as a valid core scaffold for FABP4 inhibitors. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2023; 356:e2300314. [PMID: 37518500 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202300314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Current clinical research suggests that fatty acid-binding protein 4 inhibitors (FABP4is), which are of biological and therapeutic interest, may show potential in treating cancer and other illnesses. We sought to uncover new structures through the optimization of the previously reported 4-amino and 4-ureido pyridazinone-based series of FABP4is as part of a larger research effort to create more potent FABP4 inhibitors. This led to the identification of 14e as the most potent analog with IC50 = 1.57 μM, which is lower than the IC50 of the positive control. Advanced modeling investigations and in silico absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion - toxicity calculations suggested that 14e represents a potential candidate for in vivo studies such as FABP4i.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Floresta
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Letizia Crocetti
- Department of NEUROFARBA-Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Section, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Vincenzo Patamia
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Francesca Mazzacuva
- School of Health, Sport and Bioscience, University of East London, London, UK
| | | | - Claudia Vergelli
- Department of NEUROFARBA-Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Section, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Agostino Cilibrizzi
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, King's College London, London, UK
- Medicines Development, Centre for Therapeutic Innovation, University of Bath, Bath, UK
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Choa R, Panaroni C, Bhatia R, Raje N. It is worth the weight: obesity and the transition from monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance to multiple myeloma. Blood Adv 2023; 7:5510-5523. [PMID: 37493975 PMCID: PMC10515310 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2023010822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The overweight/obesity epidemic is a serious public health concern that affects >40% of adults globally and increases the risk of numerous chronic diseases, such as type 2 diabetes, heart disease, and various cancers. Multiple myeloma (MM) is a lymphohematopoietic cancer caused by the uncontrolled clonal expansion of plasma cells. Recent studies have shown that obesity is a risk factor not only for MM but also monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS), a precursor disease state of MM. Furthermore, obesity may promote the transition from MGUS to MM. Thus, in this review, we summarize the epidemiological evidence regarding the role of obesity in MM and MGUS, discuss the biologic mechanisms that drive these disease processes, and detail the obesity-targeted pharmacologic and lifestyle interventions that may reduce the risk of progression from MGUS to MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Choa
- Center for Multiple Myeloma, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Cristina Panaroni
- Center for Multiple Myeloma, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Roma Bhatia
- Center for Multiple Myeloma, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Noopur Raje
- Center for Multiple Myeloma, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
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Tomarchio R, Patamia V, Zagni C, Crocetti L, Cilibrizzi A, Floresta G, Rescifina A. Steered Molecular Dynamics Simulations Study on FABP4 Inhibitors. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28062731. [PMID: 36985701 PMCID: PMC10058326 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28062731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Ordinary small molecule de novo drug design is time-consuming and expensive. Recently, computational tools were employed and proved their efficacy in accelerating the overall drug design process. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and a derivative of MD, steered molecular dynamics (SMD), turned out to be promising rational drug design tools. In this paper, we report the first application of SMD to evaluate the binding properties of small molecules toward FABP4, considering our recent interest in inhibiting fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP4). FABP4 inhibitors (FABP4is) are small molecules of therapeutic interest, and ongoing clinical studies indicate that they are promising for treating cancer and other diseases such as metabolic syndrome and diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosario Tomarchio
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Patamia
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Chiara Zagni
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Letizia Crocetti
- Department Neurofarba, Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Section, via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Agostino Cilibrizzi
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, King's College London, Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, UK
- Centre for Therapeutic Innovation, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK
| | - Giuseppe Floresta
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Antonio Rescifina
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
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6
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Fukuda M, Ogasawara Y, Hayashi H, Inoue K, Sakashita H. Resveratrol Inhibits Proliferation and Induces Autophagy by Blocking SREBP1 Expression in Oral Cancer Cells. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27238250. [PMID: 36500345 PMCID: PMC9738393 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27238250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Resveratrol is a polyphenolic antioxidant found in grapes, red wine, and peanuts and has been reported to have anti-neoplastic effects on various cancer types. However, the exact mechanism of its anti-cancer effects in oral cancer is not fully understood and remains controversial. Resveratrol exhibits strong hypolipidemic effects; therefore, we examined its effect on lipid metabolism in oral cancer. Resveratrol significantly reduced cell viability and induced autophagic cell death in oral cancer cells but not in normal cells. This selective effect was accompanied by significantly reduced lipogenesis, which is caused by downregulation of the transcription factor sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 (SREBP1) gene, followed by downregulation of the epidermal fatty acid-binding protein (E-FABP). It was strongly suggested that resveratrol-induced autophagy resulted from the inhibition of SREBP1-mediated cell survival signaling. Luciferase reporter assay further indicated that resveratrol has a potent and specific inhibitory effect on SREBP1-dependent transactivation. Importantly, resveratrol markedly suppressed the growth of oral cancer cells in an animal xenograft model, without exhibiting apparent cytotoxicity. In conclusion, resveratrol induces autophagy in oral cancer cells by suppressing lipid metabolism through the regulation of SREBP1 expression, which highlights a novel mechanism of the anti-cancer effect of resveratrol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masakatsu Fukuda
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Oral Biology and Tissue Engineering, Meikai University School of Dentistry, Saitama 350-0283, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-49-285-5511; Fax: +81-49-285-6036
| | - Yudai Ogasawara
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Sciences, Meikai University School of Dentistry, Saitama 350-0283, Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Hayashi
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Sciences, Meikai University School of Dentistry, Saitama 350-0283, Japan
| | - Katsuyuki Inoue
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Sciences, Meikai University School of Dentistry, Saitama 350-0283, Japan
| | - Hideaki Sakashita
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Sciences, Meikai University School of Dentistry, Saitama 350-0283, Japan
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7
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Crocetti L, Floresta G, Zagni C, Merugu D, Mazzacuva F, de Oliveira Silva RR, Vergelli C, Giovannoni MP, Cilibrizzi A. Ligand Growing Experiments Suggested 4-amino and 4-ureido pyridazin-3(2 H)-one as Novel Scaffold for FABP4 Inhibition. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:1335. [PMID: 36355506 PMCID: PMC9697826 DOI: 10.3390/ph15111335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Fatty acid binding protein (FABP4) inhibitors are of synthetic and therapeutic interest and ongoing clinical studies indicate that they may be a promise for the treatment of cancer, as well as other diseases. As part of a broader research effort to develop more effective FABP4 inhibitors, we sought to identify new structures through a two-step computing assisted molecular design based on the established scaffold of a co-crystallized ligand. Novel and potent FABP4 inhibitors have been developed using this approach and herein we report the synthesis, biological evaluation and molecular docking of the 4-amino and 4-ureido pyridazinone-based series.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letizia Crocetti
- Dipartimento NEUROFARBA—Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Section, via Ugo Schiff 6, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Floresta
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco e della Salute, Università di Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Chiara Zagni
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco e della Salute, Università di Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Divya Merugu
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, King’s College London, Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Francesca Mazzacuva
- School of Health, Sport and Bioscience, University of East London, London E15 4LZ, UK
| | | | - Claudia Vergelli
- Dipartimento NEUROFARBA—Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Section, via Ugo Schiff 6, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy
| | - Maria Paola Giovannoni
- Dipartimento NEUROFARBA—Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Section, via Ugo Schiff 6, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy
| | - Agostino Cilibrizzi
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, King’s College London, Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, UK
- Medicines Development, Centre for Therapeutic Innovation, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK
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8
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Nowowiejska J, Baran A, Flisiak I. Fatty Acid-Binding Proteins in Psoriasis-A Review. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12090833. [PMID: 36144237 PMCID: PMC9500650 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12090833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is one of the most common skin diseases in dermatological practice. It affects about 1–3% of the general population and is associated with different comorbidities, especially metabolic syndrome. Fatty-acid-binding proteins (FABPs) are a family of cytosolic proteins which are an important link in lipid metabolism and transport; moreover, they have different tissue specificity and properties. So far, ten FABPs have been discovered and seven have been investigated in psoriasis. In this review, we discuss the nature of all FABPs and their role in psoriasis. FABPs have different organ and tissue expression, and hence various functions, and may be markers of different disorders. Considering the concentration of a few of them tends to be elevated in psoriasis, it confirms the current perception of psoriasis as a multiorgan disorder associated with plenty of comorbidities. Some FABPs may be also further investigated as biomarkers of psoriasis organ complications. FABP-1 and FABP-5 may become potential markers of metabolic complications and inflammation in psoriasis. FABP-7 could perhaps be further investigated as an indicator of the neurodegenerative processes in psoriatic patients.
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9
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Liu S, Wu D, Fan Z, Yang J, Li Y, Meng Y, Gao C, Zhan H. FABP4 in obesity-associated carcinogenesis: Novel insights into mechanisms and therapeutic implications. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:973955. [PMID: 36060264 PMCID: PMC9438896 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.973955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing prevalence of obesity worldwide is associated with an increased risk of various diseases, including multiple metabolic diseases, cardiovascular diseases, and malignant tumors. Fatty acid binding proteins (FABPs) are members of the adipokine family of multifunctional proteins that are related to fatty acid metabolism and are divided into 12 types according to their tissue origin. FABP4 is mainly secreted by adipocytes and macrophages. Under obesity, the synthesis of FABP4 increases, and the FABP4 content is higher not only in tissues but also in the blood, which promotes the occurrence and development of various cancers. Here, we comprehensively investigated obesity epidemiology and the biological mechanisms associated with the functions of FABP4 that may explain this effect. In this review, we explore the molecular mechanisms by which FABP4 promotes carcinoma development and the interaction between fat and cancer cells in obese circumstances here. This review leads us to understand how FABP4 signaling is involved in obesity-associated tumors, which could increase the potential for advancing novel therapeutic strategies and molecular targets for the systematic treatment of malignant tumors.
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10
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Floresta G, Patamia V, Zagni C, Rescifina A. Adipocyte fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP4) inhibitors. An update from 2017 to early 2022. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 240:114604. [PMID: 35849941 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP4) is a protein predominantly expressed in macrophages and adipose tissue, where it regulates fatty acids storage and lipolysis and is an essential mediator of inflammation. Small molecule inhibitors of FABP4 have attracted interest following the recent publications of beneficial pharmacological effects of these compounds for the treatment of metabolic syndrome and, more recently, for other pathologies. Since the synthesis of the BMS309403, one of the first selective and effective FABP4 inhibitors, hundreds of other inhibitors have been synthesized (i.e., derivatives of niacin, quinoxaline, aryl-quinoline, bicyclic pyridine, urea, aromatic compounds and other novel heterocyclic compounds). This review updates the recently reported (2017 to early 2022) molecules as adipocyte fatty acid binding protein 4 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Floresta
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco e della Salute, Università di Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125, Catania, Italy.
| | - Vincenzo Patamia
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco e della Salute, Università di Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125, Catania, Italy
| | - Chiara Zagni
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco e della Salute, Università di Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125, Catania, Italy
| | - Antonio Rescifina
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco e della Salute, Università di Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125, Catania, Italy.
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Basak S, Mallick R, Banerjee A, Pathak S, Duttaroy AK. Cytoplasmic fatty acid-binding proteins in metabolic diseases and cancers. ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY AND STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2022; 132:143-174. [PMID: 36088074 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2022.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cytoplasmic fatty acid-binding proteins (FABPs) are multipurpose proteins that can modulate lipid fluxes, trafficking, signaling, and metabolism. FABPs regulate metabolic and inflammatory pathways, its inhibition can improve type 2 diabetes mellitus and atherosclerosis. In addition, FABPs are involved in obesity, metabolic disease, cardiac dysfunction, and cancers. FABPs are promising tissue biomarkers in solid tumors for diagnostic and/or prognostic targets for novel therapeutic strategies. The signaling responsive elements of FABPs and determinants of FABP-mediated functions may be exploited in preventing or treating these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay Basak
- Molecular Biology Division, ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research, Hyderabad, India
| | - Rahul Mallick
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Finland
| | - Antara Banerjee
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chennai, India
| | - Surajit Pathak
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chennai, India
| | - Asim K Duttaroy
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
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12
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Identification and validation of an immune-related gene pairs signature for three urologic cancers. Aging (Albany NY) 2022; 14:1429-1447. [PMID: 35143414 PMCID: PMC8876921 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Reliable biomarkers are needed to recognize urologic cancer patients at high risk for recurrence. In this study, we built a novel immune-related gene pairs signature to simultaneously predict recurrence for three urologic cancers. We gathered 14 publicly available gene expression profiles including bladder, prostate and kidney cancer. A total of 2,700 samples were classified into the training set (n = 1,622) and validation set (n = 1,078). The 25 immune-related gene pairs signature consisting of 41 unique genes was developed by the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression analysis and Cox regression model. The signature stratified patients into high- and low-risk groups with significantly different relapse-free survival in the meta-training set and its subpopulations, and was an independent prognostic factor of urologic cancers. This signature showed a robust ability in the meta-validation and multiple independent validation cohorts. Immune and inflammatory response, chemotaxis and cytokine activity were enriched with genes relevant to the signature. A significantly higher infiltration level of M1 macrophages was found in the high-risk group versus the low-risk group. In conclusion, our signature is a promising prognostic biomarker for predicting relapse-free survival in patients with urologic cancer.
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13
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Foschi M, Padroni M, Abu-Rumeileh S, Abdelhak A, Russo M, D'Anna L, Guarino M. Diagnostic and Prognostic Blood Biomarkers in Transient Ischemic Attack and Minor Ischemic Stroke: An Up-To-Date Narrative Review. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2022; 31:106292. [PMID: 35026496 DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2021.106292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Early diagnosis and correct risk stratification in patients with transient ischemic attack (TIA) and minor ischemic stroke (MIS) is crucial for the high rate of subsequent disabling stroke. Although highly improved, diagnosis and prognostication of TIA/MIS patients remain still based on clinical and neuroimaging findings, with some inter-rater variability even among trained neurologists. OBJECTIVES To provide an up-to-date overview of diagnostic and prognostic blood biomarkers in TIA and MIS patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS We performed a bibliographic search on PubMed database with last access on July 10th 2021. More than 680 articles were screened and we finally included only primary studies on blood biomarkers. RESULTS In a narrative fashion, we discussed about blood biomarkers investigated in TIA/MIS patients, including inflammatory, thrombosis, neuronal injury and cardiac analytes, antibodies and microRNAs. Other soluble molecules have been demonstrated to predict the risk of recurrent cerebrovascular events or treatment response in these patients. A rapid point of care assay, combining the determination of different biomarkers, has been developed to improve triage recognition of acute cerebrovascular accidents. CONCLUSIONS The implementation of blood biomarkers in the clinical management of TIA/MIS could ameliorate urgent identification, risk stratification and individual treatment choice. Large prospective and longitudinal studies, adopting standardized sampling and analytic procedures, are needed to clarify blood biomarkers kinetic and their relationship with TIA and minor stroke etiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Foschi
- Department of Neuroscience, Neurology Unit, S. Maria delle Croci Hospital of Ravenna, AUSL Romagna, Ravenna, Italy; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Marina Padroni
- Neurology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Ferrara, Cona, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Samir Abu-Rumeileh
- Department of Neurology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Ahmed Abdelhak
- Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, USA; Department of Neurology, Ulm University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
| | - Michele Russo
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Division of Cardiology - S. Maria delle Croci Hospital, AUSL Romagna, Ravenna, Italy
| | - Lucio D'Anna
- Department of Stroke and Neuroscience, Charing Cross Hospital, Imperial College London, NHS Healthcare Trust, London, United Kingdom; Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Guarino
- IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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14
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Pai FC, Huang HW, Tsai YL, Tsai WC, Cheng YC, Chang HH, Chen Y. Inhibition of FABP6 Reduces Tumor Cell Invasion and Angiogenesis through the Decrease in MMP-2 and VEGF in Human Glioblastoma Cells. Cells 2021; 10:2782. [PMID: 34685761 PMCID: PMC8534568 DOI: 10.3390/cells10102782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant glioma is one of the most lethal cancers with rapid progression, high recurrence, and poor prognosis in the central nervous system. Fatty acid-binding protein 6 (FABP6) is a bile acid carrier protein that is overexpressed in colorectal cancer. This study aimed to assess the involvement of FABP6 expression in the progression of malignant glioma. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that FABP6 expression was higher in glioma than in normal brain tissue. After the knockdown of FABP6, a decrease in the migration and invasion abilities of glioma cells was observed. The phosphorylation of the myosin light chain was inhibited, which may be associated with migration ability. Moreover, expression levels of invasion-related proteins, matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and cathepsin B, were reduced. Furthermore, tube formation was inhibited in the human umbilical vein endothelial cells with a decreased concentration of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the conditioned medium after the knockdown of FABP6. The phosphorylation of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK), and p65 were also decreased after FABP6 reduction. Finally, the bioluminescent images and immunostaining of MMP-2, cluster of differentiation 31 (CD31), and the VEGF receptor 1 (VEGFR1) revealed attenuated tumor progression in the combination of the FABP6-knocked-down and temozolomide (TMZ)-treated group in an orthotopic xenograft mouse tumor model. This is the first study that revealed the impact of FABP6 on the invasion, angiogenesis, and progression of glioma. The results of this study show that FABP6 may be a potential therapeutic target combined with TMZ for malignant gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Cheng Pai
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan;
| | - Hsiang-Wei Huang
- Department of Biology and Anatomy, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan; (H.-W.H.); (Y.-C.C.)
| | - Yu-Ling Tsai
- Department of Pathology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan; (Y.-L.T.); (W.-C.T.)
| | - Wen-Chiuan Tsai
- Department of Pathology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan; (Y.-L.T.); (W.-C.T.)
| | - Yu-Chen Cheng
- Department of Biology and Anatomy, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan; (H.-W.H.); (Y.-C.C.)
| | - Hsin-Han Chang
- Department of Biology and Anatomy, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan; (H.-W.H.); (Y.-C.C.)
| | - Ying Chen
- Department of Biology and Anatomy, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan; (H.-W.H.); (Y.-C.C.)
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15
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Scaglia N, Frontini-López YR, Zadra G. Prostate Cancer Progression: as a Matter of Fats. Front Oncol 2021; 11:719865. [PMID: 34386430 PMCID: PMC8353450 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.719865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Advanced prostate cancer (PCa) represents the fifth cause of cancer death worldwide. Although survival has improved with second-generation androgen signaling and Parp inhibitors, the benefits are not long-lasting, and new therapeutic approaches are sorely needed. Lipids and their metabolism have recently reached the spotlight with accumulating evidence for their role as promoters of PCa development, progression, and metastasis. As a result, interest in targeting enzymes/transporters involved in lipid metabolism is rapidly growing. Moreover, the use of lipogenic signatures to predict prognosis and resistance to therapy has been recently explored with promising results. Despite the well-known association between obesity with PCa lethality, the underlying mechanistic role of diet/obesity-derived metabolites has only lately been unveiled. Furthermore, the role of lipids as energy source, building blocks, and signaling molecules in cancer cells has now been revisited and expanded in the context of the tumor microenvironment (TME), which is heavily influenced by the external environment and nutrient availability. Here, we describe how lipids, their enzymes, transporters, and modulators can promote PCa development and progression, and we emphasize the role of lipids in shaping TME. In a therapeutic perspective, we describe the ongoing efforts in targeting lipogenic hubs. Finally, we highlight studies supporting dietary modulation in the adjuvant setting with the purpose of achieving greater efficacy of the standard of care and of synthetic lethality. PCa progression is "a matter of fats", and the more we understand about the role of lipids as key players in this process, the better we can develop approaches to counteract their tumor promoter activity while preserving their beneficial properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Scaglia
- Biochemistry Research Institute of La Plata "Professor Doctor Rodolfo R. Brenner" (INIBIOLP), National University of La Plata/National Council of Scientific and Technical Research of Argentina, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Yesica Romina Frontini-López
- Biochemistry Research Institute of La Plata "Professor Doctor Rodolfo R. Brenner" (INIBIOLP), National University of La Plata/National Council of Scientific and Technical Research of Argentina, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Giorgia Zadra
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, National Research Council, Pavia, Italy
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16
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Fatty acids and evolving roles of their proteins in neurological, cardiovascular disorders and cancers. Prog Lipid Res 2021; 83:101116. [PMID: 34293403 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2021.101116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The dysregulation of fat metabolism is involved in various disorders, including neurodegenerative, cardiovascular, and cancers. The uptake of long-chain fatty acids (LCFAs) with 14 or more carbons plays a pivotal role in cellular metabolic homeostasis. Therefore, the uptake and metabolism of LCFAs must constantly be in tune with the cellular, metabolic, and structural requirements of cells. Many metabolic diseases are thought to be driven by the abnormal flow of fatty acids either from the dietary origin and/or released from adipose stores. Cellular uptake and intracellular trafficking of fatty acids are facilitated ubiquitously with unique combinations of fatty acid transport proteins and cytoplasmic fatty acid-binding proteins in every tissue. Extensive data are emerging on the defective transporters and metabolism of LCFAs and their clinical implications. Uptake and metabolism of LCFAs are crucial for the brain's functional development and cardiovascular health and maintenance. In addition, data suggest fatty acid metabolic transporter can normalize activated inflammatory response by reprogramming lipid metabolism in cancers. Here we review the current understanding of how LCFAs and their proteins contribute to the pathophysiology of three crucial diseases and the mechanisms involved in the processes.
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17
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Wu Z, Jeong JH, Ren C, Yang L, Ding L, Li F, Jiang D, Zhu Y, Lu J. Fatty Acid-Binding Protein 4 (FABP4) Suppresses Proliferation and Migration of Endometrial Cancer Cells via PI3K/Akt Pathway. Onco Targets Ther 2021; 14:3929-3942. [PMID: 34234461 PMCID: PMC8254591 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s311792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Endometrial cancer (EC) is the sixth most common cancer in women and its incidence and mortality have been rising over the last decades. The latest research indicates that FABP4 plays a significant role in multiple types of cancer. But few studies were focused on EC. The aim of this article is to investigate whether FABP4 can suppress tumor growth and metastasis of EC via PI3K/Akt pathway to provide a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of EC. Materials and Methods FABP4 mRNA levels of EC were analysed through The Cancer Genome Atlas database (TCGA), and expression of FABP4 in EC cancer tissues was determined by immunohistochemistry (IHC) assays. Stable overexpressing cell lines were established using lentivirus infection to analyze the biological function of FABP4 in vitro. CCK8 assay and colony formation assay were performed to assess cell proliferation ability. Wound healing assay and transwell were performed to analyse migration and invasion of cells. The subcutaneous xenograft mouse model was used to evaluate tumor growth in vivo. Additionally, all protein levels were detected by Western blotting assay. Results We found that the expression of the FABP4 mRNA was decreased in tumor samples compared to normal tissue according to TCGA database analysis. Subsequent experimental mRNA and protein expression analysis confirmed that FABP4 expression was lower in EC tissue than normal endometrial tissue. In addition, we found overexpression of FABP4 inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion in vitro and suppressed tumor growth in vivo. Further functional and mechanistic analysis of FABP4 demonstrated that its function is mediated by restraining the phosphorylation of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Conclusion Our studies shed light for the first time about the functional role of FABP4 in EC and provide a novel biomarker for EC as well as a therapeutic target for the therapy of EC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zimeng Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, People's Republic of China
| | - Ji-Hak Jeong
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Chenchen Ren
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, People's Republic of China
| | - Leilei Ding
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, People's Republic of China
| | - Feiyan Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongyuan Jiang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanhang Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Lu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, People's Republic of China
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18
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Liu RZ, Godbout R. An Amplified Fatty Acid-Binding Protein Gene Cluster in Prostate Cancer: Emerging Roles in Lipid Metabolism and Metastasis. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E3823. [PMID: 33352874 PMCID: PMC7766576 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12123823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Treatment for early stage and localized prostate cancer (PCa) is highly effective. Patient survival, however, drops dramatically upon metastasis due to drug resistance and cancer recurrence. The molecular mechanisms underlying PCa metastasis are complex and remain unclear. It is therefore crucial to decipher the key genetic alterations and relevant molecular pathways driving PCa metastatic progression so that predictive biomarkers and precise therapeutic targets can be developed. Through PCa cohort analysis, we found that a fatty acid-binding protein (FABP) gene cluster (containing five FABP family members) is preferentially amplified and overexpressed in metastatic PCa. All five FABP genes reside on chromosome 8 at 8q21.13, a chromosomal region frequently amplified in PCa. There is emerging evidence that these FABPs promote metastasis through distinct biological actions and molecular pathways. In this review, we discuss how these FABPs may serve as drivers/promoters for PCa metastatic transformation using patient cohort analysis combined with a review of the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Roseline Godbout
- Department of Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1Z2, Canada;
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19
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Liu RZ, Choi WS, Jain S, Dinakaran D, Xu X, Han WH, Yang XH, Glubrecht DD, Moore RB, Lemieux H, Godbout R. The FABP12/PPARγ pathway promotes metastatic transformation by inducing epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and lipid-derived energy production in prostate cancer cells. Mol Oncol 2020; 14:3100-3120. [PMID: 33031638 PMCID: PMC7718947 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Early stage localized prostate cancer (PCa) has an excellent prognosis; however, patient survival drops dramatically when PCa metastasizes. The molecular mechanisms underlying PCa metastasis are complex and remain unclear. Here, we examine the role of a new member of the fatty acid‐binding protein (FABP) family, FABP12, in PCa progression. FABP12 is preferentially amplified and/or overexpressed in metastatic compared to primary tumors from both PCa patients and xenograft animal models. We show that FABP12 concurrently triggers metastatic phenotypes (induced epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) leading to increased cell motility and invasion) and lipid bioenergetics (increased fatty acid uptake and accumulation, increased ATP production from fatty acid β‐oxidation) in PCa cells, supporting increased reliance on fatty acids for energy production. Mechanistically, we show that FABP12 is a driver of PPARγ activation which, in turn, regulates FABP12's role in lipid metabolism and PCa progression. Our results point to a novel role for a FABP‐PPAR pathway in promoting PCa metastasis through induction of EMT and lipid bioenergetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong-Zong Liu
- Department of Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Won-Shik Choi
- Department of Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Saket Jain
- Department of Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Deepak Dinakaran
- Department of Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Xia Xu
- Department of Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Woo Hyun Han
- Faculty Saint-Jean, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Xiao-Hong Yang
- Department of Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Darryl D Glubrecht
- Department of Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Ronald B Moore
- Department of Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.,Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Hélène Lemieux
- Faculty Saint-Jean, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Roseline Godbout
- Department of Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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20
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O'Sullivan SE, Kaczocha M. FABP5 as a novel molecular target in prostate cancer. Drug Discov Today 2020; 25:S1359-6446(20)30375-5. [PMID: 32966866 PMCID: PMC8059105 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2020.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Emerging evidence suggests that dysregulated lipid signaling is a key factor in prostate cancer (PC), through fatty acid activation of the nuclear receptors peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs), leading to the upregulation of protumoral genes. Fatty acid-binding proteins (FABPs) are intracellular lipid-binding proteins that transport fatty acid to PPARs, facilitating their activation. FABP5 is overexpressed in PC, and correlates with poor patient prognosis and survival. Genetic knockdown or silencing of FABP5 decreases the proliferation and invasiveness of PC cells in vitro, and reduces tumor growth and metastasis in vivo. Pharmacological FABP5-specific inhibitors also reduce tumor growth and metastases, and produce synergistic effects with taxanes. In this review, we present current data supporting FABP5 as a novel molecular target for PC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Martin Kaczocha
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NYH, USA
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21
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Fatty Acid Synthase: An Emerging Target in Cancer. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25173935. [PMID: 32872164 PMCID: PMC7504791 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25173935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 08/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, lipid metabolism has garnered significant attention as it provides the necessary building blocks required to sustain tumor growth and serves as an alternative fuel source for ATP generation. Fatty acid synthase (FASN) functions as a central regulator of lipid metabolism and plays a critical role in the growth and survival of tumors with lipogenic phenotypes. Accumulating evidence has shown that it is capable of rewiring tumor cells for greater energy flexibility to attain their high energy requirements. This multi-enzyme protein is capable of modulating the function of subcellular organelles for optimal function under different conditions. Apart from lipid metabolism, FASN has functional roles in other cellular processes such as glycolysis and amino acid metabolism. These pivotal roles of FASN in lipid metabolism make it an attractive target in the clinic with several new inhibitors currently being tested in early clinical trials. This article aims to present the current evidence on the emergence of FASN as a target in human malignancies.
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22
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Bandyopadhayaya S, Ford B, Mandal CC. Cold-hearted: A case for cold stress in cancer risk. J Therm Biol 2020; 91:102608. [PMID: 32716858 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2020.102608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Revised: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A negative correlation exists between environmental temperature and cancer risk based on both epidemiological and statistical analyses. Previously, cold stress was reported to be an effective cause of tumorigenesis. Several studies have demonstrated that cold temperature serves as a potential risk factor in cancer development. Most recently, a link was demonstrated between the effects of extreme cold climate on cancer incidence, pinpointing its impact on tumour suppressor genes by causing mutation. The underlying mechanism behind cold stress and its association with tumorigenesis is not well understood. Hence, this review intends to shed light on the role of associated factors, genetic and/or non-genetic, which are modulated by cold temperature, and eventually influence tumorigenic potential. While scrutinizing the effect of cold exposure on the body, the expression of certain genes, e.g. uncoupled proteins and heat-shock proteins, were elevated. Biological chemicals such as norepinephrine, thyroxine, and cholesterol were also elevated. Brown adipose tissue, which plays an essential role in thermogenesis, displayed enhanced activity upon cold exposure. Adaptive measures are utilized by the body to tolerate the cold, and in doing so, invites both epigenetic and genetic changes. Unknowingly, these adaptive strategies give rise to a lethal outcome i.e., genesis of cancer. Concisely, this review attempts to draw a link between cold stress, genetic and epigenetic changes, and tumorigenesis and aspires to ascertain the mechanism behind cold temperature-mediated cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bridget Ford
- Department of Biology, University of the Incarnate Word, San Antonio, TX, 78209, USA
| | - Chandi C Mandal
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, 305817, India.
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23
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Dowling P, Gargan S, Zweyer M, Swandulla D, Ohlendieck K. Proteomic profiling of fatty acid binding proteins in muscular dystrophy. Expert Rev Proteomics 2020; 17:137-148. [PMID: 32067530 DOI: 10.1080/14789450.2020.1732214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Duchenne muscular dystrophy is a neuromuscular disorder, which is caused by abnormalities in the DMD gene that encodes the membrane cytoskeletal protein dystrophin. Besides progressive skeletal muscle wasting, dystrophinopathy also affects non-skeletal muscle tissues, including cells in the cardio-respiratory system, the central nervous system, the liver and the kidney.Areas covered: This review summarizes the proteomic characterization of a key class of lipid chaperones, the large family of fatty acid binding proteins, and their potential role in muscular dystrophy. Recent proteomic surveys using animal models and patient specimens are reviewed. Pathobiochemical changes in specific proteoforms of fatty acid binding protein in the multi-system pathology of dystrophinopathy are discussed.Expert opinion: The mass spectrometric identification of distinct changes in fatty acid binding proteins in muscle, heart, liver, kidney and serum demonstrates that considerable alterations occur in key steps of metabolite transport and fat metabolism in muscular dystrophy. These new findings might be helpful to further develop a comprehensive biomarker signature of metabolic changes in X-linked muscular dystrophy, which should improve (i) our understanding of complex pathobiochemical changes due to dystrophin deficiency, (ii) the identification of novel therapeutic targets, and (iii) the design of differential diagnostic, prognostic and therapy-monitoring approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Dowling
- Department of Biology, Maynooth University, National University of Ireland, Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland.,Kathleen Lonsdale Institute for Human Health Research, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland
| | - Stephen Gargan
- Department of Biology, Maynooth University, National University of Ireland, Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland.,Kathleen Lonsdale Institute for Human Health Research, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland
| | - Margit Zweyer
- Department of Neonatology and Pediatric Intensive Care, Children's Hospital, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Kay Ohlendieck
- Department of Biology, Maynooth University, National University of Ireland, Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland.,Kathleen Lonsdale Institute for Human Health Research, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland
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24
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Computational Tools in the Discovery of FABP4 Ligands: A Statistical and Molecular Modeling Approach. Mar Drugs 2019; 17:md17110624. [PMID: 31683588 PMCID: PMC6891735 DOI: 10.3390/md17110624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Small molecule inhibitors of adipocyte fatty-acid binding protein 4 (FABP4) have received interest following the recent publication of their pharmacologically beneficial effects. Recently, it was revealed that FABP4 is an attractive molecular target for the treatment of type 2 diabetes, other metabolic diseases, and some type of cancers. In past years, hundreds of effective FABP4 inhibitors have been synthesized and discovered, but, unfortunately, none have reached the clinical research phase. The field of computer-aided drug design seems to be promising and useful for the identification of FABP4 inhibitors; hence, different structure- and ligand-based computational approaches have been used for their identification. In this paper, we searched for new potentially active FABP4 ligands in the Marine Natural Products (MNP) database. We retrieved 14,492 compounds from this database and filtered through them with a statistical and computational filter. Seven compounds were suggested by our methodology to possess a potential inhibitory activity upon FABP4 in the range of 97–331 nM. ADMET property prediction was performed to validate the hypothesis of the interaction with the intended target and to assess the drug-likeness of these derivatives. From these analyses, three molecules that are excellent candidates for becoming new drugs were found.
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25
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Wu G, Zhang Z, Tang Q, Liu L, Liu W, Li Q, Wang Q. Study of FABP's interactome and detecting new molecular targets in clear cell renal cell carcinoma. J Cell Physiol 2019; 235:3776-3789. [PMID: 31602654 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guangzhen Wu
- Department of Urology The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University Dalian China
| | - Zhiwei Zhang
- Department of Urology The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University Dalian China
| | - Qizhen Tang
- Department of Urology The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University Dalian China
| | - Lei Liu
- Department of Urology The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University Dalian China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Nursing The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University Dalian China
| | - Quanlin Li
- Department of Urology The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University Dalian China
| | - Qifei Wang
- Department of Urology The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University Dalian China
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26
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Arlauckas SP, Browning EA, Poptani H, Delikatny EJ. Imaging of cancer lipid metabolism in response to therapy. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2019; 32:e4070. [PMID: 31107583 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2018] [Revised: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Lipids represent a diverse array of molecules essential to the cell's structure, defense, energy, and communication. Lipid metabolism can often become dysregulated during tumor development. During cancer therapy, targeted inhibition of cell proliferation can likewise cause widespread and drastic changes in lipid composition. Molecular imaging techniques have been developed to monitor altered lipid profiles as a biomarker for cancer diagnosis and treatment response. For decades, MRS has been the dominant non-invasive technique for studying lipid metabolite levels. Recent insights into the oncogenic transformations driving changes in lipid metabolism have revealed new mechanisms and signaling molecules that can be exploited using optical imaging, mass spectrometry imaging, and positron emission tomography. These novel imaging modalities have provided researchers with a diverse toolbox to examine changes in lipids in response to a wide array of anticancer strategies including chemotherapy, radiation therapy, signal transduction inhibitors, gene therapy, immunotherapy, or a combination of these strategies. The understanding of lipid metabolism in response to cancer therapy continues to evolve as each therapeutic method emerges, and this review seeks to summarize the current field and areas of unmet needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean Philip Arlauckas
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Center for Systems Biology, Mass General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Elizabeth Anne Browning
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Harish Poptani
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Institute of Regenerative Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Edward James Delikatny
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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27
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Identification of new dual FABP4/5 inhibitors based on a naphthalene-1-sulfonamide FABP4 inhibitor. Bioorg Med Chem 2019; 27:115015. [PMID: 31420256 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2019.07.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2019] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP4) and fatty acid binding protein 5 (FABP5) are mainly expressed in adipocytes and/or macrophages and play essential roles in energy metabolism and inflammation. When FABP4 function is diminished, FABP5 expression is highly increased possibly as a functional compensation. Dual FABP4/5 inhibitors are expected to provide beneficial synergistic effect on treating diabetes, atherosclerosis, and inflammation-related diseases. Starting from our previously reported selective FABP4 inhibitor 8, structural biology information was used to modulate the selectivity profile and to design potent dual FABP4/5 inhibitors with good selectivity against FABP3. Two compounds A16 and B8 were identified to show inhibitory activities against both FABP4/5 and good selectivity over FABP3, which could also reduce the level of forskolin-stimulated lipolysis in mature 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Compared with compound 8, these two compounds exhibited better anti-inflammatory effects in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW264.7 murine macrophages, with decreased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNFα and MCP-1 and apparently inhibited IKK/NF-κB pathway.
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McKillop IH, Girardi CA, Thompson KJ. Role of fatty acid binding proteins (FABPs) in cancer development and progression. Cell Signal 2019; 62:109336. [PMID: 31170472 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2019.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Revised: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Fatty acid binding proteins (FABPs) are small, water soluble proteins that bind long chain fatty acids and other biologically active ligands to facilitate intracellular localization. Twelve FABP family members have been identified to date, with 10 isoforms expressed in humans. Functionally, FABPs are important in fatty acid metabolism and transport, with distinct family members having the capacity to influence gene transcription. Expression of FABPs is usually cell/tissue specific to one predominant FABP family member. Dysregulation of FABP expression can occur through genetic mutation and/or environmental-lifestyle influences. In addition to intracellular function, exogenous, circulating FABP expression can occur and is associated with specific disease states such as insulin resistance. A role for FABPs is increasingly being reported in tumor biology with elevated exogenous FABP expression being associated with tumor progression and invasiveness. However, a less clear role has been appreciated for dysregulated FABP expression during cell transformation and early expansion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iain H McKillop
- Department of Surgery, Carolinas Medical Center, Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC 28203, USA
| | - Cara A Girardi
- Department of Surgery, Carolinas Medical Center, Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC 28203, USA
| | - Kyle J Thompson
- Department of Surgery, Carolinas Medical Center, Atrium Health, Charlotte, NC 28203, USA.
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Masarwi M, DeSchiffart A, Ham J, Reagan MR. Multiple Myeloma and Fatty Acid Metabolism. JBMR Plus 2019; 3:e10173. [PMID: 30918920 PMCID: PMC6419611 DOI: 10.1002/jbm4.10173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Revised: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) accounts for 13% to 15% of all blood cancers1 and is characterized by the proliferation of malignant cells within the bone marrow (BM). Despite important advances in treatment, most patients become refractory and relapse with the disease. As MM tumors grow in the BM, they disrupt hematopoiesis, create monoclonal protein spikes in the blood, initiate systemic organ and immune system shutdown,2 and induce painful osteolytic lesions caused by overactive osteoclasts and inhibited osteoblasts.3, 4 MM cells are also extremely dependent on the BM niche, and targeting the BM niche has been clinically transformative for inhibiting the positive-feedback "vicious cycle" between MM cells and osteoclasts that leads to bone resorption and tumor proliferation.5, 6, 7, 8 Bone marrow adipocytes (BMAs) are dynamic, secretory cells that have complex effects on osteoblasts and tumor cells, but their role in modifying the MM cell phenotype is relatively unexplored.9, 10, 11, 12, 13 Given their active endocrine function, capacity for direct cell-cell communication, correlation with aging and obesity (both MM risk factors), potential roles in bone disease, and physical proximity to MM cells, it appears that BMAs support MM cells.14, 15, 16, 17 This supposition is based on research from many laboratories, including our own. Therapeutically targeting the BMA may prove to be equally transformative in the clinic if the pathways through which BMAs affect MM cells can be determined. In this review, we discuss the potential for BMAs to provide free fatty acids to myeloma cells to support their growth and evolution. We highlight certain proteins in MM cells responsible for fatty acid uptake and oxidation and discuss the potential for therapeutically targeting fatty acid metabolism or BMAs from where they may be derived. © 2019 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majdi Masarwi
- Center for Molecular MedicineMaine Medical Center Research InstituteScarboroughMEUSA
| | - Abigail DeSchiffart
- Center for Molecular MedicineMaine Medical Center Research InstituteScarboroughMEUSA
| | - Justin Ham
- Center for Molecular MedicineMaine Medical Center Research InstituteScarboroughMEUSA
| | - Michaela R. Reagan
- Center for Molecular MedicineMaine Medical Center Research InstituteScarboroughMEUSA
- University of Maine Graduate School of Biomedical Science and EngineeringOronoMEUSA
- Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical SciencesTufts UniversityBostonMAUSA
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Floresta G, Cilibrizzi A, Abbate V, Spampinato A, Zagni C, Rescifina A. 3D-QSAR assisted identification of FABP4 inhibitors: An effective scaffold hopping analysis/QSAR evaluation. Bioorg Chem 2018; 84:276-284. [PMID: 30529845 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2018.11.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Revised: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Following on the recent publication of pharmacologically relevant effects, small molecule inhibitors of adipocyte fatty-acid binding protein 4 (FABP4) have attracted high interest. FABP4 is mainly expressed in macrophages and adipose tissue, where it regulates fatty acid storage and lipolysis, being also an important mediator of inflammation. In this regard, FABP4 recently demonstrated an interesting molecular target for the treatment of type 2 diabetes, other metabolic diseases and some type of cancers. In the past years, hundreds of effective FABP4 inhibitors have been synthesized. In this paper, a quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) model has been produced, in order to predict the bioactivity of FABP4 inhibitors. The methodology has been combined with a scaffold-hopping approach, allowing to identify three new molecules that act as effective inhibitors of this protein. These molecules, synthesized and tested for their FABP4 inhibitor activity, showed IC50 values between 3.70 and 5.59 μM, with a high level of agreement with the predicted values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Floresta
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Catania, V.le A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy; Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, V.le A. Doria, 95125 Catania, Italy; Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, King's College London, Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, UK.
| | - Agostino Cilibrizzi
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, King's College London, Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, UK; King's Forensics, School of Population Health & Environmental Sciences, King's College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Vincenzo Abbate
- King's Forensics, School of Population Health & Environmental Sciences, King's College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Ambra Spampinato
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Catania, V.le A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Chiara Zagni
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Catania, V.le A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Antonio Rescifina
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Catania, V.le A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy.
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Amiri M, Yousefnia S, Seyed Forootan F, Peymani M, Ghaedi K, Nasr Esfahani MH. Diverse roles of fatty acid binding proteins (FABPs) in development and pathogenesis of cancers. Gene 2018; 676:171-183. [PMID: 30021130 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.07.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2018] [Revised: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
One of the most importantly involved pathways in cancer development is fatty-acid signaling pathway. Synthesized lipids as energetic sources are consumed by cancer cells for proliferation, growth, survival, invasion and angiogenesis. Fatty acids as signaling compounds regulate metabolic and transcriptional networks, survival pathways and inflammatory responses. Aggregation of fatty acids with fatty acid binding proteins (FABPs) facilitates their transportation to different cell organelles. FABPs, a group of lipid binding proteins modulate fatty acid metabolism, cell growth and proliferation and cancer development. They may be used as tumor marker in some cancers. FABPs are expressed in most malignancies such as prostate, breast, liver, bladder and lung cancer which are associated with the incidence, proliferation, metastasis, invasion of tumors. This review introduces several isoforms of FABPs (FABP1-12) and summarizes their function and their possible roles in cancer development through some proposed mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina Amiri
- Department of Modern Biology, ACECR Institute of Higher Education (Isfahan Branch), Isfahan, Iran
| | - Saghar Yousefnia
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Farzad Seyed Forootan
- Department of Cellular Biotechnology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran; Legal Medicine Research Center, Legal Medicine Organization, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Maryam Peymani
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran; Department of Cellular Biotechnology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Kamran Ghaedi
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran; Department of Cellular Biotechnology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Hossein Nasr Esfahani
- Department of Cellular Biotechnology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
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Gao DD, Dou HX, Su HX, Zhang MM, Wang T, Liu QF, Cai HY, Ding HP, Yang Z, Zhu WL, Xu YC, Wang HY, Li YX. From hit to lead: Structure-based discovery of naphthalene-1-sulfonamide derivatives as potent and selective inhibitors of fatty acid binding protein 4. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 154:44-59. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Revised: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Guaita-Esteruelas S, Gumà J, Masana L, Borràs J. The peritumoural adipose tissue microenvironment and cancer. The roles of fatty acid binding protein 4 and fatty acid binding protein 5. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2018; 462:107-118. [PMID: 28163102 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2017.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2016] [Revised: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 02/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The adipose tissue microenvironment plays a key role in tumour initiation and progression because it provides fatty acids and adipokines to tumour cells. The fatty acid-binding protein (FABP) family is a group of small proteins that act as intracellular fatty acid transporters. Adipose-derived FABPs include FABP4 and FABP5. Both have an important role in lipid-related metabolic processes and overexpressed in many cancers, such as breast, prostate, colorectal and ovarian. Moreover, their expression in peritumoural adipose tissue is deregulated, and their circulating levels are upregulated in some tumours. In this review, we discuss the role of the peritumoural adipose tissue and the related adipokines FABP4 and FABP5 in cancer initiation and progression and the possible pathways implicated in these processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Guaita-Esteruelas
- Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Centre d'R+D+I en Nutrició i Salut, Avda. de la Universitat, 43204 Reus, Spain; Research Unit on Lipids and Atherosclerosis, Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Sant Llorenç, 21 43201 Reus, Spain; Institut d'Oncologia de la Catalunya Sud (IOCS), Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Reus, IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Av. del Dr, Josep Laporte, 2, 43204 Reus, Spain.
| | - J Gumà
- Institut d'Oncologia de la Catalunya Sud (IOCS), Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Reus, IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Av. del Dr, Josep Laporte, 2, 43204 Reus, Spain; Department of Medicine and Surgery, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Sant Llorenç, 21, 43201 Reus, Spain
| | - L Masana
- Research Unit on Lipids and Atherosclerosis, Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Sant Llorenç, 21 43201 Reus, Spain
| | - J Borràs
- Institut d'Oncologia de la Catalunya Sud (IOCS), Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Reus, IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Av. del Dr, Josep Laporte, 2, 43204 Reus, Spain; Department of Medicine and Surgery, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Sant Llorenç, 21, 43201 Reus, Spain
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Parallel Changes in Harvey-Bradshaw Index, TNF α, and Intestinal Fatty Acid Binding Protein in Response to Infliximab in Crohn's Disease. Gastroenterol Res Pract 2017; 2017:1745918. [PMID: 29201046 PMCID: PMC5672611 DOI: 10.1155/2017/1745918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Revised: 09/07/2017] [Accepted: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Intestinal fatty acid binding protein (I-FABP) indicates barrier integrity. AIMS determine if I-FABP is elevated in active Crohn's disease (CD) and if I-FABP parallels anti-TNFα antibody (infliximab) induced lowering of TNFα and Harvey-Bradshaw Index (HBI) as potential indicator of mucosal healing. I-FABP distribution along human gut was determined. Serum from 10 CD patients collected during first three consecutive infliximab treatments with matched pretreatment and follow-up samples one week after each treatment and corresponding HBI data were analyzed. I-FABP reference interval was established from 31 healthy subjects with normal gut permeability. I-FABP and TNFα were measured by ELISA; CRP was measured by nephelometry. Healthy tissue was used for I-FABP immunohistochemistry. Pretreatment CD patient TNFα was 1.6-fold higher than in-house reference interval, while I-FABP was 2.5-fold higher, which lowered at follow-ups. Combining all 30 infusion/follow-up pairs also revealed changes in I-FABP. HBI followed this pattern; CRP declined gradually. I-FABP was expressed in epithelium of stomach, jejunum, ileum, and colon, with the highest expression in jejunum and ileum. I-FABP is elevated in active CD with a magnitude comparable to TNFα. Parallel infliximab effects on TNFα, HBI, and I-FABP were found. I-FABP may be useful as an intestine selective prognostic marker in CD.
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Zhao G, Wu M, Wang X, Du Z, Zhang G. Effect of FABP5 gene silencing on the proliferation, apoptosis and invasion of human gastric SGC-7901 cancer cells. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:4772-4778. [PMID: 29085478 PMCID: PMC5649645 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.6748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to examine the effect of fatty acid binding protein-5 (FABP-5) gene on the proliferation, apoptosis and invasion of human gastric cancer SGC-7901 cells. The viability, apoptosis and cell invasion of SGC-7901 cells before and after FABP5 knockdown were taken as the study objects, design and synthesis of siRNA interference sequence were conducted according to FABP-5 mRNA coding sequences, and SGC-7901 cells were transiently transfected. The human gastric cancer SGC-7901 cells were divided into three groups: FABP-5 siRNA group, negative control group and blank control group. FABP-5 gene mRNA and protein expression levels were detected by RT-PCR and western blot analysis. The CCK-8 assay was used to detect in vitro cell proliferation, flow cytometry (FCM) was used to detect changes in cell cycle and apoptosis in each group, TUNEL staining was used to detect apoptosis in each group, and the cell invasion chamber assay was used to detect cell invasiveness in each group. Each test was repeated three times. The results of the RT-PCR and western blot analysis showed that, expression of FABP-5 mRNA and protein in the FABP-5 siRNA group was significantly decreased compared with the negative and blank control groups. The cell growth rate in the FABP-5 siRNA group was significantly retarded, cell cycle was arrested in G0/G1 phase, the number of cells in S phase was reduced, and compared with the negative and blank control groups, the apoptotic rate in the FABP-5 siRNA group was significantly increased (P<0.01), while proliferation and invasiveness were significantly decreased (P<0.05). In conclusion, specific FABP-5 gene silencing may reduce the invasiveness of gastric cancer cells, inhibit cell proliferation, and arrest cell cycle in G0/G1 phase, resulting in a significant increase in apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanjie Zhao
- Research Center of The Second Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130041, P.R. China.,Department of Nephropathy, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, P.R.China
| | - Minfei Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130041, P.R. China
| | - Xiaofeng Wang
- Department of Stomatology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, P.R. China
| | - Zhenwu Du
- Research Center of The Second Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130041, P.R. China.,Orthopedics Institute of The Second Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130041, P.R.China
| | - Guizhen Zhang
- Research Center of The Second Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130041, P.R. China.,Orthopedics Institute of The Second Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130041, P.R.China
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Floresta G, Pistarà V, Amata E, Dichiara M, Marrazzo A, Prezzavento O, Rescifina A. Adipocyte fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP4) inhibitors. A comprehensive systematic review. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 138:854-873. [PMID: 28738306 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Revised: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Small molecule inhibitors of adipocyte fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP4) have attracted interest following the recent publications of beneficial pharmacological effects of these compounds. FABP4 is predominantly expressed in macrophages and adipose tissue where it regulates fatty acids (FAs) storage and lipolysis and is an important mediator of inflammation. In the past years, hundreds FABP4 inhibitors have been synthesized for effective atherosclerosis and diabetes treatments, including derivatives of niacin, quinoxaline, aryl-quinoline, bicyclic pyridine, urea, aromatic compounds and other novel heterocyclic compounds. This review provides an overview of the synthesized and discovered molecules as adipocyte fatty acid binding protein 4 inhibitors (FABP4is) since the synthesis of the putative FABP4i, BMS309403, highlighting the interactions of the different classes of inhibitors with the targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Floresta
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Catania, V.le A. Doria, 95125 Catania, Italy; Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Catania, V.le A. Doria, 95125 Catania, Italy.
| | - Venerando Pistarà
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Catania, V.le A. Doria, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Emanuele Amata
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Catania, V.le A. Doria, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Maria Dichiara
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Catania, V.le A. Doria, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Agostino Marrazzo
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Catania, V.le A. Doria, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Orazio Prezzavento
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Catania, V.le A. Doria, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Antonio Rescifina
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Catania, V.le A. Doria, 95125 Catania, Italy.
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Kapoor S, Waldmann H, Ziegler S. Novel approaches to map small molecule–target interactions. Bioorg Med Chem 2016; 24:3232-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2016.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Revised: 05/10/2016] [Accepted: 05/12/2016] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Lu Z, Yao Y, Song Q, Yang J, Zhao X, Yang P, Kang J. Metabolism-related enzyme alterations identified by proteomic analysis in human renal cell carcinoma. Onco Targets Ther 2016; 9:1327-37. [PMID: 27022288 PMCID: PMC4790526 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s91953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is one of the most common types of kidney neoplasia in Western countries; it is relatively resistant to conventional chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Metabolic disorders have a profound effect on the degree of malignancy and treatment resistance of the tumor. However, the molecular characteristics related to impaired metabolism leading to the initiation of RCC are still not very clear. In this study, two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) and mass spectra (MS) technologies were utilized to identify the proteins involved in energy metabolism of RCC. A total of 73 proteins that were differentially expressed in conventional RCC, in comparison with the corresponding normal kidney tissues, were identified. Bioinformatics analysis has shown that these proteins are involved in glycolysis, urea cycle, and the metabolic pathways of pyruvate, propanoate, and arginine/proline. In addition, some were also involved in the signaling network of p53 and FAS. These results provide some clues for new therapeutic targets and treatment strategies of RCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zejun Lu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Naval General Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Beijing, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuqin Yao
- Research Center for Public Health and Preventive Medicine, West China School of Public Health/No 4 West China Teaching Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Song
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The General Hospital of Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Beijing, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinliang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangfei Zhao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Naval General Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Beijing, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Naval General Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Beijing, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingbo Kang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Naval General Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Beijing, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
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Zhao J, Cheng F, Wang Y, Arteaga CL, Zhao Z. Systematic Prioritization of Druggable Mutations in ∼5000 Genomes Across 16 Cancer Types Using a Structural Genomics-based Approach. Mol Cell Proteomics 2015; 15:642-56. [PMID: 26657081 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m115.053199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
A massive amount of somatic mutations has been cataloged in large-scale projects such as The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the International Cancer Genome Consortium projects. The majority of the somatic mutations found in tumor genomes are neutral 'passenger' rather than damaging "driver" mutations. Now, understanding their biological consequences and prioritizing them for druggable targets are urgently needed. Thanks to the rapid advances in structural genomics technologies (e.g. X-ray), large-scale protein structural data has now been made available, providing critical information for deciphering functional roles of mutations in cancer and prioritizing those alterations that may mediate drug binding at the atom resolution and, as such, be druggable targets. We hypothesized that mutations at protein-ligand binding-site residues are likely to be druggable targets. Thus, to prioritize druggable mutations, we developed SGDriver, a structural genomics-based method incorporating the somatic missense mutations into protein-ligand binding-site residues using a Bayes inference statistical framework. We applied SGDriver to 746,631 missense mutations observed in 4997 tumor-normal pairs across 16 cancer types from The Cancer Genome Atlas. SGDriver detected 14,471 potential druggable mutations in 2091 proteins (including 1,516 recurrently mutated proteins) across 3558 cancer genomes (71.2%), and further identified 298 proteins harboring mutations that were significantly enriched at protein-ligand binding-site residues (adjusted p value < 0.05). The identified proteins are significantly enriched in both oncoproteins and tumor suppressors. The follow-up drug-target network analysis suggested 98 known and 126 repurposed druggable anticancer targets (e.g. SPOP and NR3C1). Furthermore, our integrative analysis indicated that 13% of patients might benefit from current targeted therapy, and this -proportion would increase to 31% when considering drug repositioning. This study provides a testable strategy for prioritizing druggable mutations in precision cancer medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junfei Zhao
- From the ‡Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37203
| | - Feixiong Cheng
- From the ‡Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37203
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- From the ‡Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37203
| | - Carlos L Arteaga
- §Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232; ¶Breast Cancer Program, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232; ‖Department of Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232
| | - Zhongming Zhao
- From the ‡Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37203; ‖Department of Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232; **Department of Psychiatry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232; ¶¶School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas 77030
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Drug target prioritization by perturbed gene expression and network information. Sci Rep 2015; 5:17417. [PMID: 26615774 PMCID: PMC4663505 DOI: 10.1038/srep17417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2015] [Accepted: 10/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Drugs bind to their target proteins, which interact with downstream effectors and ultimately perturb the transcriptome of a cancer cell. These perturbations reveal information about their source, i.e., drugs’ targets. Here, we investigate whether these perturbations and protein interaction networks can uncover drug targets and key pathways. We performed the first systematic analysis of over 500 drugs from the Connectivity Map. First, we show that the gene expression of drug targets is usually not significantly affected by the drug perturbation. Hence, expression changes after drug treatment on their own are not sufficient to identify drug targets. However, ranking of candidate drug targets by network topological measures prioritizes the targets. We introduce a novel measure, local radiality, which combines perturbed genes and functional interaction network information. The new measure outperforms other methods in target prioritization and proposes cancer-specific pathways from drugs to affected genes for the first time. Local radiality identifies more diverse targets with fewer neighbors and possibly less side effects.
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Obesity and cancer progression: is there a role of fatty acid metabolism? BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:274585. [PMID: 25866768 PMCID: PMC4383231 DOI: 10.1155/2015/274585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2014] [Accepted: 11/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Currently, there is renewed interest in elucidating the metabolic characteristics of cancer and how these characteristics may be exploited as therapeutic targets. Much attention has centered on glucose, glutamine and de novo lipogenesis, yet the metabolism of fatty acids that arise from extracellular, as well as intracellular, stores as triacylglycerol has received much less attention. This review focuses on the key pathways of fatty acid metabolism, including uptake, esterification, lipolysis, and mitochondrial oxidation, and how the regulators of these pathways are altered in cancer. Additionally, we discuss the potential link that fatty acid metabolism may serve between obesity and changes in cancer progression.
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Greisenegger S, Segal HC, Burgess AI, Poole DL, Mehta Z, Rothwell PM. Biomarkers and mortality after transient ischemic attack and minor ischemic stroke: population-based study. Stroke 2015; 46:659-66. [PMID: 25649803 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.114.007624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Premature death after transient ischemic attack or stroke is more often because of heart disease or cancer than stroke. Previous studies found blood biomarkers not usefully predictive of nonfatal stroke but possibly of all-cause death. This association might be explained by potentially treatable occult cardiac disease or cancer. We therefore aimed to validate the association of a panel of biomarkers with all-cause death, particularly cardiac death and cancer death, despite the absence of associations with risk of nonfatal vascular events. METHODS Fifteen biomarkers were measured in 929 consecutive patients in a population-based study (Oxford Vascular Study), recruited from 2002 and followed up to 2013. Associations were determined by Cox regression. Model discrimination was assessed by c-statistic and the integrated discrimination improvement. RESULTS During 5560 patient-years of follow-up, none of the biomarkers predicted risk of nonfatal vascular events. However, soluble tumor necrosis factor α receptor-1, von Willebrand factor, heart-type fatty-acid-binding protein, and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide were independently predictive of all-cause death (n=361; adjusted hazard ratio per SD, 95% confidence interval: heart-type fatty-acid-binding protein: 1.31, 1.12-1.56, P=0.002; N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide: 1.34, 1.11-1.62, P=0.002; soluble tumor necrosis factor α receptor-1: 1.45, 1.26-1.66, P=0.02; von Willebrand factor: 1.19, 1.04-1.36, P=0.01). The independent contribution of the four biomarkers taken together added prognostic information and improved model discrimination (integrated discrimination improvement=0.028, P=0.0001). N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide was most predictive of vascular death (adjusted hazard ratio=1.80, 95% confidence interval, 1.34-2.41, P<0.0001), whereas heart-type fatty-acid-binding protein predicted cancer deaths (1.64, 1.26-2.12, P=0.0002). Associations were strongest in patients without known prior cardiac disease or cancer. CONCLUSIONS Several biomarkers predicted death of any cause after transient ischemic attack and minor stroke. N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide and heart-type fatty-acid-binding protein might improve patient selection for additional screening for occult cardiac disease or cancer, respectively. However, our results require validation in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Greisenegger
- From the Stroke Prevention Research Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neuroscience, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom (S.G., H.C.S., A.I.B., D.L.P., Z.M., P.M.R.); and Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (S.G.)
| | - Helen C Segal
- From the Stroke Prevention Research Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neuroscience, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom (S.G., H.C.S., A.I.B., D.L.P., Z.M., P.M.R.); and Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (S.G.)
| | - Annette I Burgess
- From the Stroke Prevention Research Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neuroscience, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom (S.G., H.C.S., A.I.B., D.L.P., Z.M., P.M.R.); and Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (S.G.)
| | - Debbie L Poole
- From the Stroke Prevention Research Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neuroscience, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom (S.G., H.C.S., A.I.B., D.L.P., Z.M., P.M.R.); and Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (S.G.)
| | - Ziyah Mehta
- From the Stroke Prevention Research Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neuroscience, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom (S.G., H.C.S., A.I.B., D.L.P., Z.M., P.M.R.); and Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (S.G.)
| | - Peter M Rothwell
- From the Stroke Prevention Research Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neuroscience, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom (S.G., H.C.S., A.I.B., D.L.P., Z.M., P.M.R.); and Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (S.G.).
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Temma T, Nishigori K, Onoe S, Sampei S, Kimura I, Ono M, Saji H. Radiofluorinated probe for PET imaging of fatty acid binding protein 4 in cancer. Nucl Med Biol 2014; 42:184-91. [PMID: 25457456 DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2014.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2014] [Revised: 10/08/2014] [Accepted: 10/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cancer-associated adipocytes metabolically interact with adjacent cancer cells to promote tumor proliferation and metastasis. Fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP4) participates in this interaction, and is gathering attention as a therapeutic and diagnostic target. Positron emission tomography (PET) is a useful diagnostic method that enables noninvasive in vivo quantitative imaging of biofunctional molecules with probes labeled with positron-emitting radioisotopes. Here a novel (18)F labeled probe for PET FABP4 imaging developed through dedicated drug design from a radioiodinated probe we recently reported is evaluated in vitro and in vivo. METHODS We designed the [(18)F]-labeled FTAP1 and FTAP3 probe, composed of a single or triple oxyethylene linker and a triazolopyrimidine scaffold derived from an FABP4 inhibitor. FABP4 binding affinities for chemically synthesized FTAP1 and FTAP3 were measured using FABP4 and 8-anilino-1-naphthalene sulfonic acid. Cell membrane permeability was measured using a commercially available plate assay system. After radiosynthesis, [(18)F]FTAP1 affinity and selectivity were evaluated using immobilized FABP3, FABP4, and FABP5. Cell uptake was investigated using differentiated adipocytes expressing FABP4 with inhibitor treatment. Following biodistribution studies in C6 glioblastoma-bearing mice, ex vivo autoradiography and immunohistochemistry were performed using thin sliced tumor sections. PET/CT imaging was then performed on C6 tumor bearing mice. RESULTS FTAP1 showed high FABP4 affinity (Ki=68±8.9 nM) and adequate cell permeability. [(18)F]FTAP1 with ≥98% radiochemical purity was shown to selectively bind to FABP4 (16.3- and 9.3-fold higher than for FABP3 and FABP5, respectively). [(18)F]FTAP1 was taken up by FABP4 expressing cells, and this uptake could be blocked by an inhibitor, indicating very low non-specific cell binding. [(18)F]FTAP1 showed high tumor accumulation, which demonstrates its potential use for in vivo tumor PET imaging, and the intratumoral radioactivity distribution corresponded to the FABP4 expression profile. CONCLUSION [(18)F]FTAP1 is a promising PET probe to target FABP4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Temma
- Department of Patho-Functional Bioanalysis, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, 46-29 Yoshida Shimoadachi-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Kantaro Nishigori
- Department of Patho-Functional Bioanalysis, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, 46-29 Yoshida Shimoadachi-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Satoru Onoe
- Department of Patho-Functional Bioanalysis, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, 46-29 Yoshida Shimoadachi-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Sotaro Sampei
- Department of Patho-Functional Bioanalysis, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, 46-29 Yoshida Shimoadachi-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Ikuo Kimura
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-Shi, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan; Department of Pharmacogenomics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, 46-29 Yoshida Shimoadachi-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Masahiro Ono
- Department of Patho-Functional Bioanalysis, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, 46-29 Yoshida Shimoadachi-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Hideo Saji
- Department of Patho-Functional Bioanalysis, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, 46-29 Yoshida Shimoadachi-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.
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Lauque D, Maupas-Schwalm F, Bounes V, Juchet H, Bongard V, Roshdy A, Botella JM, Charpentier S. Predictive value of the heart-type fatty acid-binding protein and the Pulmonary Embolism Severity Index in patients with acute pulmonary embolism in the emergency department. Acad Emerg Med 2014; 21:1143-50. [PMID: 25308138 DOI: 10.1111/acem.12484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2014] [Revised: 06/07/2014] [Accepted: 06/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Heart-type fatty acid-binding protein (h-FABP), sensitive troponins, natriuretic peptides, and clinical scores such as the Pulmonary Embolism Severity Index (PESI) are candidates for risk stratification of patients with acute pulmonary embolism (PE). The aim was to compare their respective prognostic values to predict an adverse outcome at 1 month. METHODS The authors prospectively included 132 consecutive patients with confirmed acute PE. On admission to the emergency department (ED), plasma concentrations of h-FABP, sensitive cardiac troponin I-Ultra (cTnI-Ultra), and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) were measured and the PESI calculated in all patients. The combined 30-day outcomes of interest were death, cardiac arrest, mechanical ventilation, use of catecholamines, and recurrence of acute PE. RESULTS During the first 30 days, 14 (10.6%) patients suffered complications. Among the biomarkers, h-FABP above 6 μg/L was a stronger predictor of an unfavorable outcome (odds ratio [OR] = 17.5, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 4.2 to 73.3) than BNP > 100 pg/mL (OR = 5.7, 95% CI = 1.6 to 20.4) or cTnI-Ultra > 0.05 μg/L (OR = 3.4, 95% CI = 1.1 to 10.9). The PESI classified 83 of 118 patients (70.3%) with favorable outcomes and only one of 14 (7%) with adverse outcomes in low class I or II (OR = 30.8, 95% CI = 3.2 to 299.7). The areas under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves (AUCs) were 0.90 (95% CI = 0.81 to 0.98) for h-FABP, 0.89 (95% CI = 0.82 to 0.96) for PESI, 0.79 (95% CI = 0.67 to 0.90) for BNP, and 0.76 (95% CI = 0.64 to 0.87) for cTnI-Ultra. The combination of h-FABP with PESI was a particularly useful prognostic indicator because none of the 79 patients (59.8%) with h-FABP < 6 ng/mL and PESI class < III had an adverse outcome. CONCLUSIONS h-FABP and the PESI are superior to BNP and cTnI-Ultra as markers for risk stratification of patients with acute PE. The high sensitivity of their combination identified a large number of low-risk patients in the ED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominique Lauque
- The Emergency Department; Rangueil University Hospital; Toulouse France
- University Toulouse 3; Toulouse France
| | - Françoise Maupas-Schwalm
- The Department of Biochemistry; Rangueil University Hospital; Toulouse France
- University Toulouse 3; Toulouse France
| | - Vincent Bounes
- The Emergency Department; Rangueil University Hospital; Toulouse France
| | - Henry Juchet
- The Emergency Department; Rangueil University Hospital; Toulouse France
| | - Vanina Bongard
- The Department of Epidemiology; Health Economics and Public Health University; Toulouse France
- INSERM UMR1027; Toulouse France
| | - Ashraf Roshdy
- The Cardiothoracic Intensive Therapy Unit; St. George's Hospital; London UK
| | - Jean Marie Botella
- The Department of Biochemistry; Rangueil University Hospital; Toulouse France
| | - Sandrine Charpentier
- The Emergency Department; Rangueil University Hospital; Toulouse France
- University Toulouse 3; Toulouse France
- INSERM UMR1027; Toulouse France
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Nishigori K, Temma T, Onoe S, Sampei S, Kimura I, Ono M, Saji H. Development of a radioiodinated triazolopyrimidine probe for nuclear medical imaging of fatty acid binding protein 4. PLoS One 2014; 9:e94668. [PMID: 24732569 PMCID: PMC3986099 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0094668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2013] [Accepted: 03/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP4) is the most well-characterized FABP isoform. FABP4 regulates inflammatory pathways in adipocytes and macrophages and is involved in both inflammatory diseases and tumor formation. FABP4 expression was recently reported for glioblastoma, where it may participate in disease malignancy. While FABP4 is a potential molecular imaging target, with the exception of a tritium labeled probe there are no reports of other nuclear imaging probes that target this protein. Here we designed and synthesized a nuclear imaging probe, [123I]TAP1, and evaluated its potential as a FABP4 targeting probe in in vitro and in vivo assays. We focused on the unique structure of a triazolopyrimidine scaffold that lacks a carboxylic acid to design the TAP1 probe that can undergo facilitated delivery across cell membranes. The affinity of synthesized TAP1 was measured using FABP4 and 8-anilino-1-naphthalene sulfonic acid. [125I]TAP1 was synthesized by iododestannylation of a precursor, followed by affinity and selectivity measurements using immobilized FABPs. Biodistributions in normal and C6 glioblastoma-bearing mice were evaluated, and excised tumors were subjected to autoradiography and immunohistochemistry. TAP1 and [125I]TAP1 showed high affinity for FABP4 (Ki = 44.5±9.8 nM, Kd = 69.1±12.3 nM). The FABP4 binding affinity of [125I]TAP1 was 11.5- and 35.5-fold higher than for FABP3 and FABP5, respectively. In an in vivo study [125I]TAP1 displayed high stability against deiodination and degradation, and moderate radioactivity accumulation in C6 tumors (1.37±0.24% dose/g 3 hr after injection). The radioactivity distribution profile in tumors partially corresponded to the FABP4 positive area and was also affected by perfusion. The results indicate that [125I]TAP1 could detect FABP4 in vitro and partly in vivo. As such, [125I]TAP1 is a promising lead compound for further refinement for use in in vivo FABP4 imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kantaro Nishigori
- Department of Patho-Functional Bioanalysis, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takashi Temma
- Department of Patho-Functional Bioanalysis, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Satoru Onoe
- Department of Patho-Functional Bioanalysis, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Sotaro Sampei
- Department of Patho-Functional Bioanalysis, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ikuo Kimura
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu-Shi, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Pharmacogenomics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masahiro Ono
- Department of Patho-Functional Bioanalysis, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hideo Saji
- Department of Patho-Functional Bioanalysis, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
- * E-mail:
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Tan C, Takayama T, Takaoka N, Fujita H, Miyazaki M, Sugiyama T, Ozono S. Impact of Gender in Renal Cell Carcinoma: The Relationship of FABP7 and BRN2 Expression with Overall Survival. CLINICAL MEDICINE INSIGHTS-ONCOLOGY 2014; 8:21-7. [PMID: 24653654 PMCID: PMC3937181 DOI: 10.4137/cmo.s13684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2013] [Revised: 01/09/2014] [Accepted: 01/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the relationship between gender differences in fatty acid-binding protein7 (FABP7) and BRN2 (POU class 3 homeobox 2) expression in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and the prognosis of patients with RCC. MATERIALS AND METHODS immunohistochemical (IHC) staining as well as reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was performed in renal tissues from 103 patients (83 men, mean age = 63.6 years old; 20 women, mean age = 63.1 years old) underwent radical nephrectomy from January 1, 2001 through December 31, 2010. The probability of overall patient survival was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. RESULTS FABP7 mRNA expression was more frequent in men (P = 0.07) while BRN2 protein expression was significantly more frequent in women (P = 0.029). In particular, FABP7 was expressed in 100% of G1 renal cell carcinoma both in mRNA and protein levels. In women, FABP7 (−) and BRN2 (+) groups had a worse prognosis both in mRNA level (P = 0.038) and protein level (P = 0.058). BRN2 was expressed 100% of papillary RCC both in mRNA and protein levels. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrated that gender was a key factor in FABP7 and BRN2 expression in RCC, and the combination with FABP7 and BRN2 stratified by gender could be a new potential prognostic factor in patients with RCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Tan
- Department of Urology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Takayama
- Department of Urology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Naohisa Takaoka
- Department of Urology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Hiromi Fujita
- Department of Urology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Miki Miyazaki
- Department of Urology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Takayuki Sugiyama
- Department of Urology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Seiichiro Ozono
- Department of Urology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan
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Quantitative proteomics in resected renal cancer tissue for biomarker discovery and profiling. Br J Cancer 2014; 110:1622-33. [PMID: 24548857 PMCID: PMC3960606 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2014.24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2013] [Revised: 12/27/2013] [Accepted: 01/07/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Proteomics-based approaches for biomarker discovery are promising strategies used in cancer research. We present state-of-art label-free quantitative proteomics method to assess proteome of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) compared with noncancer renal tissues. Methods: Fresh frozen tissue samples from eight primary RCC lesions and autologous adjacent normal renal tissues were obtained from surgically resected tumour-bearing kidneys. Proteins were extracted by complete solubilisation of tissues using filter-aided sample preparation (FASP) method. Trypsin digested proteins were analysed using quantitative label-free proteomics approach followed by data interpretation and pathways analysis. Results: A total of 1761 proteins were identified and quantified with high confidence (MASCOT ion score threshold of 35 and P-value <0.05). Of these, 596 proteins were identified as differentially expressed between cancer and noncancer tissues. Two upregulated proteins in tumour samples (adipose differentiation-related protein and Coronin 1A) were further validated by immunohistochemistry. Pathway analysis using IPA, KOBAS 2.0, DAVID functional annotation and FLink tools showed enrichment of many cancer-related biological processes and pathways such as oxidative phosphorylation, glycolysis and amino acid synthetic pathways. Conclusions: Our study identified a number of differentially expressed proteins and pathways using label-free proteomics approach in RCC compared with normal tissue samples. Two proteins validated in this study are the focus of on-going research in a large cohort of patients.
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Björklund E, Larsson TNL, Jacobsson SOP, Fowler CJ. Ketoconazole inhibits the cellular uptake of anandamide via inhibition of FAAH at pharmacologically relevant concentrations. PLoS One 2014; 9:e87542. [PMID: 24466356 PMCID: PMC3900727 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0087542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2013] [Accepted: 12/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The antifungal compound ketoconazole has, in addition to its ability to interfere with fungal ergosterol synthesis, effects upon other enzymes including human CYP3A4, CYP17, lipoxygenase and thromboxane synthetase. In the present study, we have investigated whether ketoconazole affects the cellular uptake and hydrolysis of the endogenous cannabinoid receptor ligand anandamide (AEA). Methodology/Principal Findings The effects of ketoconazole upon endocannabinoid uptake were investigated using HepG2, CaCo2, PC-3 and C6 cell lines. Fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) activity was measured in HepG2 cell lysates and in intact C6 cells. Ketoconazole inhibited the uptake of AEA by HepG2 cells and CaCo2 cells with IC50 values of 17 and 18 µM, respectively. In contrast, it had modest effects upon AEA uptake in PC-3 cells, which have a low expression of FAAH. In cell-free HepG2 lysates, ketoconazole inhibited FAAH activity with an IC50 value (for the inhibitable component) of 34 µM. Conclusions/Significance The present study indicates that ketoconazole can inhibit the cellular uptake of AEA at pharmacologically relevant concentrations, primarily due to its effects upon FAAH. Ketoconazole may be useful as a template for the design of dual-action FAAH/CYP17 inhibitors as a novel strategy for the treatment of prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmelie Björklund
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Neuroscience, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | | | - Stig O. P. Jacobsson
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Neuroscience, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Christopher J. Fowler
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Neuroscience, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- * E-mail:
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Prieto DA, Johann DJ, Wei BR, Ye X, Chan KC, Nissley DV, Simpson RM, Citrin DE, Mackall CL, Linehan WM, Blonder J. Mass spectrometry in cancer biomarker research: a case for immunodepletion of abundant blood-derived proteins from clinical tissue specimens. Biomark Med 2014; 8:269-86. [PMID: 24521024 PMCID: PMC4201940 DOI: 10.2217/bmm.13.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The discovery of clinically relevant cancer biomarkers using mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomics has proven difficult, primarily because of the enormous dynamic range of blood-derived protein concentrations and the fact that the 22 most abundant blood-derived proteins constitute approximately 99% of the total plasma protein mass. Immunodepletion of clinical body fluid specimens (e.g., serum/plasma) for the removal of highly abundant proteins is a reasonable and reproducible solution. Often overlooked, clinical tissue specimens also contain a formidable amount of highly abundant blood-derived proteins present in tissue-embedded networks of blood/lymph capillaries and interstitial fluid. Hence, the dynamic range impediment to biomarker discovery remains a formidable obstacle, regardless of clinical sample type (solid tissue and/or body fluid). Thus, we optimized and applied simultaneous immunodepletion of blood-derived proteins from solid tissue and peripheral blood, using clear cell renal cell carcinoma as a model disease. Integrative analysis of data from this approach and genomic data obtained from the same type of tumor revealed concordant key pathways and protein targets germane to clear cell renal cell carcinoma. This includes the activation of the lipogenic pathway characterized by increased expression of adipophilin (PLIN2) along with 'cadherin switching', a phenomenon indicative of transcriptional reprogramming linked to renal epithelial dedifferentiation. We also applied immunodepletion of abundant blood-derived proteins to various tissue types (e.g., adipose tissue and breast tissue) showing unambiguously that the removal of abundant blood-derived proteins represents a powerful tool for the reproducible profiling of tissue proteomes. Herein, we show that the removal of abundant blood-derived proteins from solid tissue specimens is of equal importance to depletion of body fluids and recommend its routine use in the context of biological discovery and/or cancer biomarker research. Finally, this perspective presents the background, rationale and strategy for using tissue-directed high-resolution/accuracy MS-based shotgun proteomics to detect genuine tumor proteins in the peripheral blood of a patient diagnosed with nonmetastatic cancer, employing concurrent liquid chromatography-MS analysis of immunodepleted clinical tissue and blood specimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- DaRue A Prieto
- Laboratory of Proteomics & Analytical Technologies, Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, PO Box B, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Donald J Johann
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 West Markham, Slot 816 Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Bih-Rong Wei
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology & Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Xiaoying Ye
- Laboratory of Proteomics & Analytical Technologies, Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, PO Box B, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - King C Chan
- Laboratory of Proteomics & Analytical Technologies, Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, PO Box B, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Dwight V Nissley
- Laboratory of Proteomics & Analytical Technologies, Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, PO Box B, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - R Mark Simpson
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology & Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Deborah E Citrin
- Immunology Section, Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Crystal L Mackall
- Section of Translational Radiation Oncology Radiation Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - W Marston Linehan
- Urologic Surgery & the Urologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Josip Blonder
- Laboratory of Proteomics & Analytical Technologies, Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, PO Box B, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
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Li W, Zhu W, Che J, Sun W, Liu M, Peng B, Zheng J. Microarray profiling of human renal cell carcinoma: identification for potential biomarkers and critical pathways. Kidney Blood Press Res 2013; 37:506-13. [PMID: 24247930 DOI: 10.1159/000355726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS The aim of this study was to screen several novel genes associated with renal cell carcinoma (RCC), and analyze the gene functions and signal pathways which were critical to RCCs with DNA microarray. METHODS The gene expression profile of GSE781 was downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus database, including 9 RCC samples and 9 healthy controls. Compared with the control samples, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of RCC was identified the by packages in R. The selected DEGs were further analyzed using bioinformatics methods. Gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis was performed using Gene Set Analysis Toolkit and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed with prePPI. Then, pathway enrichment analysis to PPI network was performed using WebGestalt software. RESULTS A total of 429 DEGs were down-regulated and 418 DEGs were up-regulated in RCC samples compared to healthy controls. A total of 11 remarkable enhanced functions and 13 suppressed functions were identified. PPI nodes of high degrees, such as JAK2, IL8, BMPR2, FN1 and NCR1, were obtained. The DEGs were classified and significantly enriched in cytokine and cytokine receptor pathway. CONCLUSION The hub genes we find from RCC samples are not only bio-markers, but also may provide the groundwork for a combination therapy approach for RCCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China
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