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Bisutti V, Mota LFM, Giannuzzi D, Toscano A, Amalfitano N, Schiavon S, Pegolo S, Cecchinato A. Infrared spectroscopy coupled with machine learning algorithms for predicting the detailed milk mineral profile in dairy cattle. Food Chem 2024; 461:140800. [PMID: 39163724 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.140800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 08/02/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024]
Abstract
Milk minerals are not only essential components for human health, but they can be informative for milk quality and cow's health. Herein, we investigated the feasibility of Fourier Transformed mid Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy for the prediction of a detailed panel of 17 macro, trace, and environmental elements in bovine milk, using partial least squares regression (PLS) and machine learning approaches. The automatic machine learning significantly outperformed the PLS regression in terms of prediction performances of the mineral elements. For macrominerals, the R2 ranged from 0.59 to 0.78. Promising predictability was achieved for Cu and B (R2 = 0.66 and 0.74, respectively) and more moderate ones for Fe, Mn, Zn, and Al (R2 from 0.48 to 0.58). These results provide a reliable basis for a rapid and cost-effective quantification of these traits, serving as a resource for dairy farmers seeking to enhance the quality of milk production and optimize cheese properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vittoria Bisutti
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, Viale dell' Università 16, 35020, Legnaro (PD), Italy.
| | - Lucio Flavio Macedo Mota
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, Viale dell' Università 16, 35020, Legnaro (PD), Italy.
| | - Diana Giannuzzi
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, Viale dell' Università 16, 35020, Legnaro (PD), Italy.
| | - Alessandro Toscano
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, Viale dell' Università 16, 35020, Legnaro (PD), Italy.
| | - Nicolò Amalfitano
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, Viale dell' Università 16, 35020, Legnaro (PD), Italy.
| | - Stefano Schiavon
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, Viale dell' Università 16, 35020, Legnaro (PD), Italy.
| | - Sara Pegolo
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, Viale dell' Università 16, 35020, Legnaro (PD), Italy.
| | - Alessio Cecchinato
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, Viale dell' Università 16, 35020, Legnaro (PD), Italy.
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Jiang Q, Sun Y, Si X, Cui H, Li J, Bao Y, Wang L, Li B. Anthocyanin-loaded milk-derived extracellular vesicles nano-delivery system: Stability, mucus layer penetration, and pro-oxidant effect on HepG2 cells. Food Chem 2024; 458:140152. [PMID: 38944922 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.140152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Anthocyanin (ACN) has attracted considerable attention due to its wide range of physiological effects. However, challenges such as poor stability and limited bioavailability have hindered its utilization in functional foods. To address these issues, this research utilized milk-derived extracellular vesicles (MEV) as carriers for encapsulating and binding ACN through various techniques, including ultrasonic, electroporation, saponin treatment, incubation, and freeze-thaw cycles. The objective of these approaches was to enhance the stability of ACN and improve its oral delivery. Notably, the ACN-loaded MEV (MEV-ACN) prepared through ultrasonic exhibited small particle sizes and good stability under processing, storage, and simulated digestion conditions. Cellular studies revealed that MEV-ACN exhibited pro-oxidant properties and induced oxidative stress, leading to cell apoptosis with greater efficacy compared to free ACN. These findings suggest that encapsulating ACN within MEV can significantly enhance its processing and oral stability, as well as strengthening its dietary defense capabilities in anti-tumor applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Jiang
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China..
| | - Yongxin Sun
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China..
| | - Xu Si
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China..
| | - Huijun Cui
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China..
| | - Jiaxin Li
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China..
| | - Yiwen Bao
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China..
| | - Li Wang
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China..
| | - Bin Li
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China..
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3
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Tian B, Xu LL, Jiang LD, Lin X, Shen J, Shen H, Su KJ, Gong R, Qiu C, Luo Z, Yao JH, Wang ZQ, Xiao HM, Zhang LS, Deng HW. Identification of the serum metabolites associated with cow milk consumption in Chinese Peri-/Postmenopausal women. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2024; 75:537-549. [PMID: 38918932 DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2024.2366223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
Cow milk consumption (CMC) and downstream alterations of serum metabolites are commonly considered important factors regulating human health status. Foods may lead to metabolic changes directly or indirectly through remodelling gut microbiota (GM). We sought to identify the metabolic alterations in Chinese Peri-/Postmenopausal women with habitual CMC and explore if the GM mediates the CMC-metabolite associations. 346 Chinese Peri-/Postmenopausal women participants were recruited in this study. Fixed effects regression and partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) were applied to reveal alterations of serum metabolic features in different CMC groups. Spearman correlation coefficient was computed to detect metabolome-metagenome association. 36 CMC-associated metabolites including palmitic acid (FA(16:0)), 7alpha-hydroxy-4-cholesterin-3-one (7alphaC4), citrulline were identified by both fixed effects regression (FDR < 0.05) and PLS-DA (VIP score > 2). Some significant metabolite-GM associations were observed, including FA(16:0) with gut species Bacteroides ovatus, Bacteroides sp.D2. These findings would further prompt our understanding of the effect of cow milk on human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Tian
- Center for System Biology, Data Sciences, and Reproductive Health, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lu-Lu Xu
- School of Physical Science and Engineering, College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China
| | - Lin-Dong Jiang
- Tulane Center for Biomedical Informatics and Genomics, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Xu Lin
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Shunde Hospital of Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde), Foshan, China
| | - Jie Shen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui Shen
- Tulane Center for Biomedical Informatics and Genomics, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Kuan-Jui Su
- Tulane Center for Biomedical Informatics and Genomics, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Rui Gong
- Shunde Hospital of Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde), Foshan, China
- Department of Cadre Ward Endocrinology, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Chuan Qiu
- Tulane Center for Biomedical Informatics and Genomics, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Zhe Luo
- Tulane Center for Biomedical Informatics and Genomics, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Jia-Heng Yao
- School of Physical Science and Engineering, College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhuo-Qi Wang
- School of Physical Science and Engineering, College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China
| | - Hong-Mei Xiao
- Center for System Biology, Data Sciences, and Reproductive Health, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Li-Shu Zhang
- School of Physical Science and Engineering, College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China
| | - Hong-Wen Deng
- Tulane Center for Biomedical Informatics and Genomics, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
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Weinisch P, Raffler J, Römisch-Margl W, Arnold M, Mohney RP, Rist MJ, Prehn C, Skurk T, Hauner H, Daniel H, Suhre K, Kastenmüller G. The HuMet Repository: Watching human metabolism at work. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114416. [PMID: 39033506 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolism oscillates between catabolic and anabolic states depending on food intake, exercise, or stresses that change a multitude of metabolic pathways simultaneously. We present the HuMet Repository for exploring dynamic metabolic responses to oral glucose/lipid loads, mixed meals, 36-h fasting, exercise, and cold stress in healthy subjects. Metabolomics data from blood, urine, and breath of 15 young, healthy men at up to 56 time points are integrated and embedded within an interactive web application, enabling researchers with and without computational expertise to search, visualize, analyze, and contextualize the dynamic metabolite profiles of 2,656 metabolites acquired on multiple platforms. With examples, we demonstrate the utility of the resource for research into the dynamics of human metabolism, highlighting differences and similarities in systemic metabolic responses across challenges and the complementarity of metabolomics platforms. The repository, providing a reference for healthy metabolite changes to six standardized physiological challenges, is freely accessible through a web portal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Weinisch
- Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Johannes Raffler
- Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany; Digital Medicine, University Hospital of Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Werner Römisch-Margl
- Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Matthias Arnold
- Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - Manuela J Rist
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry of Nutrition, Max Rubner-Institut, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Cornelia Prehn
- Metabolomics and Proteomics Core, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Skurk
- ZIEL Institute for Food and Health, Core Facility Human Studies, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany; Else Kröner Fresenius Center for Nutritional Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Hans Hauner
- Else Kröner Fresenius Center for Nutritional Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany; Institute for Nutritional Medicine, School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Hannelore Daniel
- School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Karsten Suhre
- Department of Biophysics and Physiology, Weill Cornell Medicine - Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | - Gabi Kastenmüller
- Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.
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Dubey SK, Thakur A, Jena MK, Kumar S, Sodhi M, Mukesh M, Kaushik JK, Mohanty AK. Effect of bovine beta-casomorphins on rat pancreatic beta cells (RIN-5F) under glucotoxic stress. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 739:150578. [PMID: 39178795 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2024] [Revised: 07/31/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 08/26/2024]
Abstract
Beta-casomorphins (BCMs) are the bio-active peptides having opioid properties which are formed by the proteolytic digestion of β-caseins in milk. BCM-7 forms when A1 milk is digested in the small intestine due to a histidine at the 67th position in β-casein, unlike A2 milk, which has proline at this position and produces BCM-9. BCM-7 has further degraded into BCM-5 by the dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (DPP-IV) enzyme in the intestine. The opioid-like activity of BCM-7 is responsible for eliciting signaling pathways which enable a wide range of physiological effects. The aim of our study was to find out the differential role of BCMs (BCM-7, BCM-9 and BCM-5) on pancreatic β-cell proliferation, insulin secretion, and opioid peptide binding receptors from β-cells (RIN-5F cell line) in normal (5.5 mM) and high glucose (27.5 mM) concentrations. Our results showed that BCM-7/9/5 did not affect β-cell viability, proliferation, and insulin secretion at normal glucose level. However, at higher glucose concentration, BCMs significantly protected β-cells from glucotoxicity but did not affect the insulin secretion. Interestingly, in the presence of Mu-opioid peptide receptor antagonist CTOP, BCMs did not protect β-cells from glucotoxicity. The results suggest that BCMs protect β-cells from glucotoxicity via non-opioid mediated pathways because BCMs did not modulate the gene expression of the mu, kappa and delta opioid peptide receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivam Kumar Dubey
- Cell, Molecular and Proteomics Lab, Animal Biotechnology Centre, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute (ICAR-NDRI), Karnal, Haryana, 132001, India.
| | - Abhishek Thakur
- Cell, Molecular and Proteomics Lab, Animal Biotechnology Centre, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute (ICAR-NDRI), Karnal, Haryana, 132001, India.
| | - Manoj Kumar Jena
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144411, India.
| | - Sudarshan Kumar
- Cell, Molecular and Proteomics Lab, Animal Biotechnology Centre, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute (ICAR-NDRI), Karnal, Haryana, 132001, India.
| | - Monika Sodhi
- Animal Biotechnology Division, ICAR-National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources (ICAR-NBAGR), Karnal, Haryana, 132001, India.
| | - Manishi Mukesh
- Animal Biotechnology Division, ICAR-National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources (ICAR-NBAGR), Karnal, Haryana, 132001, India.
| | - Jai Kumar Kaushik
- Cell, Molecular and Proteomics Lab, Animal Biotechnology Centre, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute (ICAR-NDRI), Karnal, Haryana, 132001, India.
| | - Ashok Kumar Mohanty
- Cell, Molecular and Proteomics Lab, Animal Biotechnology Centre, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute (ICAR-NDRI), Karnal, Haryana, 132001, India; ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Cattle (ICAR-CIRC), Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, 250001, India.
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Przybylska P, Kuczaj M. The Effects of Two Selected Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms of the Fatty Acid Synthase Gene on the Fat Content and Fatty Acid Profile of Cow's Milk from the Polish Holstein-Friesian Red-and-White Breed versus Two Polish Red-and-White and Polish Red Conservation Breeds Kept in Poland. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:2268. [PMID: 39123793 PMCID: PMC11311015 DOI: 10.3390/ani14152268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2024] [Revised: 07/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Fatty acid synthase (FASN) is a metabolic enzyme responsible for the synthesis of fatty acids in milk and meat. The SNPs g.841G/C and g.17924A/G of the FASN gene significantly influence the fat and fatty acid content of milk from cows of various breeds. Therefore, these SNPs were selected for this study. This study aimed to analyze the relationship of SNPs and their genotypes with the fat content and fatty acid profile of milk from Polish Red-and-White (ZR), Polish Red (RP), and Polish Holstein-Friesian Red-and-White (RW) cows. Milk samples were obtained during a milking trial. SNP genotyping was performed using the real-time PCR (HRM) method. It was shown that SNPs (with specific genotypes) were significantly associated with the presence of fatty acids such as C18:1n9t and C18:2n6c in milk. In addition, it was found that the milk fat from the ZR (genotypic variant A/G, AA) and RP (genotypic variant GG, A/G) breeds often exhibited a more attractive fatty acids profile than the milk fat from RW cows. This information can be used by both cattle breeders and people interested in consuming functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Przybylska
- Institute of Animal Breeding, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, ul. Chelmonskiego 38C, 50-375 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Marian Kuczaj
- Institute of Animal Breeding, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, ul. Chelmonskiego 38C, 50-375 Wroclaw, Poland
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Connolly C, Timlin M, Hogan SA, Murphy EG, O'Callaghan TF, Brodkorb A, Hennessy D, Fitzpartick E, O'Donavan M, McCarthy K, Murphy JP, Yin X, Brennan L. Impact of dietary regime on the metabolomic profile of bovine buttermilk and whole milk powder. Metabolomics 2024; 20:93. [PMID: 39096405 PMCID: PMC11297810 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-024-02157-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/20/2024] [Indexed: 08/05/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Bovine milk contains a rich matrix of nutrients such as carbohydrates, fat, protein and various vitamins and minerals, the composition of which is altered by factors including dietary regime. OBJECTIVES The objective of this research was to investigate the impact of dietary regime on the metabolite composition of bovine whole milk powder and buttermilk. METHODS Bovine whole milk powder and buttermilk samples were obtained from spring-calving cows, consuming one of three diets. Group 1 grazed outdoors on perennial ryegrass which was supplemented with 5% concentrates; group 2 were maintained indoors and consumed a total mixed ration diet; and group 3 consumed a partial mixed ration diet consisting of perennial ryegrass during the day and total mixed ration maintained indoors at night. RESULTS Metabolomic analysis of the whole milk powder (N = 27) and buttermilk (N = 29) samples was preformed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, with 504 and 134 metabolites identified in the samples respectively. In whole milk powder samples, a total of 174 metabolites from various compound classes were significantly different across dietary regimes (FDR adjusted p-value ≤ 0.05), including triglycerides, of which 66% had their highest levels in pasture-fed samples. Triglycerides with highest levels in pasture-fed samples were predominantly polyunsaturated with high total carbon number. Regarding buttermilk samples, metabolites significantly different across dietary regimes included phospholipids, sphingomyelins and an acylcarnitine. CONCLUSION In conclusion the results reveal a significant impact of a pasture-fed dietary regime on the metabolite composition of bovine dairy products, with a particular impact on lipid compound classes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Connolly
- UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science, Institute of Food and Health, UCD, Belfield, Dublin 4, D04 V1W8, Ireland
- UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin, D04 V1W8, Ireland
- Food for Health Ireland, UCD, Belfield, Dublin 4, D04 V1W8, Ireland
| | - Mark Timlin
- UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science, Institute of Food and Health, UCD, Belfield, Dublin 4, D04 V1W8, Ireland
- Food for Health Ireland, UCD, Belfield, Dublin 4, D04 V1W8, Ireland
- Teagasc, Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, P61 C996, Co. Cork, Ireland
| | - Sean A Hogan
- Teagasc, Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, P61 C996, Co. Cork, Ireland
| | - Eoin G Murphy
- Food for Health Ireland, UCD, Belfield, Dublin 4, D04 V1W8, Ireland
- Teagasc, Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, P61 C996, Co. Cork, Ireland
| | - Tom F O'Callaghan
- Food for Health Ireland, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, P61 C996, Co. Cork, Ireland
- School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University College Cork, Cork, T12 Y337, Co. Cork, Ireland
| | - André Brodkorb
- UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science, Institute of Food and Health, UCD, Belfield, Dublin 4, D04 V1W8, Ireland
- Teagasc, Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, P61 C996, Co. Cork, Ireland
- Teagasc, Animal and Grassland Research and Innovation Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, P61 P302, Co. Cork, Ireland
| | - Deirdre Hennessy
- Teagasc, Animal and Grassland Research and Innovation Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, P61 P302, Co. Cork, Ireland
- School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University College Cork, Cork, T23 N73K, Co. Cork, Ireland
| | - Ellen Fitzpartick
- Teagasc, Environmental Research Centre, Johnstown Castle, Y35 Y521, Co. Wexford, Ireland
| | - Michael O'Donavan
- Teagasc, Animal and Grassland Research and Innovation Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, P61 P302, Co. Cork, Ireland
| | - Kieran McCarthy
- Teagasc, Animal and Grassland Research and Innovation Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, P61 P302, Co. Cork, Ireland
| | - John P Murphy
- Teagasc, Animal and Grassland Research and Innovation Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, P61 P302, Co. Cork, Ireland
| | - Xiaofei Yin
- UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science, Institute of Food and Health, UCD, Belfield, Dublin 4, D04 V1W8, Ireland
- UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin, D04 V1W8, Ireland
| | - Lorraine Brennan
- UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science, Institute of Food and Health, UCD, Belfield, Dublin 4, D04 V1W8, Ireland.
- UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin, D04 V1W8, Ireland.
- Food for Health Ireland, UCD, Belfield, Dublin 4, D04 V1W8, Ireland.
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Wang A, Pokhrel B, Hernandez GP, Jiang H. Regulation of the expression of casein alpha S1 and S2 genes in the bovine mammary epithelial cells by STAT5A. J Dairy Sci 2024:S0022-0302(24)01046-4. [PMID: 39098489 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2024-24905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
Cow milk is rich in protein. Major cow milk proteins include casein α S1 (CSN1S1), casein α S2 (CSN1S2), casein β (CSN2), casein kappa (CSN3), lactalbumin α (LALBA), and β-lactoglobulin (LGB). These milk proteins are produced through gene expression in the mammary epithelial cells. Little is known about the molecular mechanism that mediates the expression of milk protein genes in cows. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that the expression of milk protein genes in cows is mediated by STAT5A, a transcription factor that is induced to bind and activate the transcription of target genes by extracellular signals such as prolactin. To circumvent the need of prolactin-responsive bovine mammary epithelial cells, we generated a plasmid that expresses a constitutively active bovine STAT5A variant, bSTAT5ACA. Transfection of the bovine mammary epithelial cell line MAC-T cells with the bSTAT5ACA expression plasmid caused a more than 100,000-fold and 600-fold increase in the expression of CSN1S1 and CSN1S2 mRNAs, respectively, compared with transfection of the wild-type bovine STAT5A (bSTAT5A) expression plasmid. Transfection of bSTAT5ACA, however, had no significant effect on the expression of CSN2, CSN3, LALBA, or LGB mRNA in MAC-T cells. Transfection of bSTAT5ACA caused a more than 260-fold and 120-fold increase in the expression of a luciferase reporter gene linked to the bovine CSN1S1 and CSN1S2 promoters in MAC-T cells, respectively, compared with that of bSTAT5A. The bovine CSN1S1 and CSN1S2 promoters each contain a putative STAT5 binding site, and gel-shift and super-shift assays confirmed bSTAT5ACA binding to both sites. These results together suggest that STAT5A plays a major role in regulating the expression of CSN1S1 and CSN1S2 genes in the bovine mammary epithelial cells and that STAT5A regulates the expression of these genes at least in part by binding to the STAT5 binding sites in their promoter regions. These results also suggest that STAT5A does not play a major role in regulating the expression of other major milk protein genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Wang
- School of Animal Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - B Pokhrel
- School of Animal Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - G Perez Hernandez
- School of Animal Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - H Jiang
- School of Animal Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.
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9
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Abdeen ESM, Hamed AM, Ismail HA. Production and evaluation of novel functional cream cottage cheese fortified with bovine colostrum and probiotic bacteria. JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2024; 61:1457-1469. [PMID: 38966791 PMCID: PMC11219591 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-023-05910-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
Nutrient-dense colostrum can be employed as a functional food ingredient. This work aimed to produce novel functional probiotic Cream cottage cheese (FPC) using probiotic (ABT) culture and bovine colostrum powder (BCP) at levels of 1, 2, and 3%. Physicochemical and functional properties (antioxidant activity, fatty acid profile, and antibacterial activity) were analyzed. The outcome revealed that hardness, cohesiveness, and gumminess were increased while springiness and chewiness were decreased for the treated cheeses. In FPC, medium-chain fatty acids were the predominant forms, followed by short- and long-chain fatty acids, polyunsaturated (PUFA), and small amounts of monounsaturated (MUFA). The antioxidant activity of all the cheese samples was significantly (P < 0.05) increased by increasing the quantity of colostrum powder and lengthening storage time. Color parameters were influenced by enrichment with BCP, whether in fresh or stored samples. With the addition of BCP, the growth of lactic acid bacteria and Bifidobacteria was enhanced, whereas that of pathogenic bacteria, mold and yeast, and coliform groups was inhibited. Cheeses fortified with 2% BCP had significantly higher score values than those in the other treatments. Therefore, it could be concluded that cottage cheese fortified with 2% BCP has high nutritional value and health benefits. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13197-023-05910-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- El-Sayed M. Abdeen
- Animal and Poultry Breeding Department, Desert Research Center, Cairo, 11753 Egypt
| | - Ahmed M. Hamed
- Dairy Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, 12613 Egypt
| | - Hesham A. Ismail
- Dairy Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, New Valley University, El-Kharga, 72511 Egypt
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10
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Tan J, Yang B, Qiu L, He R, Wu Z, Ye M, Zan L, Yang W. Bta-miR-200a Regulates Milk Fat Biosynthesis by Targeting IRS2 to Inhibit the PI3K/Akt Signal Pathway in Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cells. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:16449-16460. [PMID: 38996051 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c02508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
Milk fat synthesis has garnered significant attention due to its influence on the quality of milk. Recently, an increasing amount of proofs have elucidated that microRNAs (miRNAs) are important post-transcriptional factor involved in regulating gene expression and play a significant role in milk fat synthesis. MiR-200a was differentially expressed in the mammary gland tissue of dairy cows during different lactation periods, which indicated that miR-200a was a candidate miRNA involved in regulating milk fat synthesis. In our research, we investigated the potential function of miR-200a in regulating milk fat biosynthesis in bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMECs). We discovered that miR-200a inhibited cellular triacylglycerol (TAG) synthesis and suppressed lipid droplet formation; at the same time, miR-200a overexpression suppressed the mRNA and protein expression of milk fat metabolism-related genes, such as fatty acid synthase (FASN), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ), sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 (SREBP1), CCAAT enhancer binding protein alpha (CEBPα), etc. However, knocking down miR-200a displayed the opposite results. We uncovered that insulin receptor substrate 2 (IRS2) was a candidate target gene of miR-200a through the bioinformatics online program TargetScan. Subsequently, it was confirmed that miR-200a directly targeted the 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR) of IRS2 via real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR), western blot analysis, and dual-luciferase reporter gene assay. Additionally, IRS2 knockdown in BMECs has similar effects to miR-200a overexpression. Our research set up the mechanism by which miR-200a interacted with IRS2 and discovered that miR-200a targeted IRS2 and modulated the activity of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, thereby taking part in regulating milk fat synthesis in BMECs. Our research results provided valuable information on the molecular mechanisms for enhancing milk quality from the view of miRNA-mRNA regulatory networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbing Tan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Benshun Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Liang Qiu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Ruiying He
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Zhangqing Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Miaomiao Ye
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Linsen Zan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Wucai Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
- Northwest A&F University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 518000, China
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11
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Amalfitano N, Patel N, Haddi ML, Benabid H, Pazzola M, Vacca GM, Tagliapietra F, Schiavon S, Bittante G. Detailed mineral profile of milk, whey, and cheese from cows, buffaloes, goats, ewes and dromedary camels, and efficiency of recovery of minerals in their cheese. J Dairy Sci 2024:S0022-0302(24)00976-7. [PMID: 38969004 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2023-24624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024]
Abstract
Milk and dairy products are important in the human diet not only for the macro nutrients, such as proteins and fats, that they provide, but also for the supply of essential micronutrients, such as minerals. Minerals are present in milk in soluble form in the aqueous phase and in colloidal form associated with the macronutrients of the milk. These 2 forms affect the nutritional functions of the minerals and their contribution to the technological properties of milk during cheese-making. The aim of the present work was to study and compare the detailed mineral profiles of dairy foods (milk, whey, and cheese) obtained from cows, buffaloes, goats, ewes and dromedary camels, and to analyze the recovery in the curd of the individual minerals according to a model cheese-making procedure applied to the milk of these 5 dairy species. The detailed mineral profile of the milk samples was obtained by inductively coupled plasma - optical emission spectroscopy (ICP - OES). We divided the 21 minerals identified in the 3 different matrices into essential macro- and micro-minerals, and environmental micro-minerals, and calculated the recovery of the individual minerals in the cheeses. The complete mineral profiles and the recoveries in the cheeses were then analyzed using a linear mixed model with Species and Food, and their interaction included as fixed effects, and Sample within Species as a random effect. The mineral profiles of each food matrix were then analyzed separately with a general linear model in which only the fixed effect of Species was included. The results showed that the species could be divided into 2 groups: those producing a more diluted milk characterized by a higher content of soluble minerals (in particular K), and those with a more concentrated milk with a higher colloidal mineral content in the skim of the milk (such as Ca and P). The recoveries of the minerals in the curd were in line with the initial content in the milk, and also highlighted the fact that the influence of the brine was not limited to the Na content but to its whole mineral makeup. These results provide valuable information for the evaluation of the nutritional and technological properties of milk, and for the uses made of the byproducts of cheese making from the milk of different species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolò Amalfitano
- DAFNAE - Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural resources, Animals and Environment, University of Padova (Padua), Viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro (PD), Italy.
| | - Nageshvar Patel
- DAFNAE - Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural resources, Animals and Environment, University of Padova (Padua), Viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro (PD), Italy
| | | | - Hamida Benabid
- Institut de Nutrition, Alimentation et Technologies Agro-Alimentaires, Université des Frères Mentouri, Constantine 25000, Algeria
| | - Michele Pazzola
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari, Via Vienna 2, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Massimo Vacca
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari, Via Vienna 2, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Franco Tagliapietra
- DAFNAE - Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural resources, Animals and Environment, University of Padova (Padua), Viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro (PD), Italy
| | - Stefano Schiavon
- DAFNAE - Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural resources, Animals and Environment, University of Padova (Padua), Viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro (PD), Italy
| | - Giovanni Bittante
- DAFNAE - Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural resources, Animals and Environment, University of Padova (Padua), Viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro (PD), Italy
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12
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Djedovic R, Radojkovic D, Stanojevic D, Savic R, Vukasinovic N, Popovac M, Bogdanovic V, Radovic C, Gogic M, Gligovic N, Stojic P, Mitrovic I. Base Characteristics, Preservation Methods, and Assessment of the Genetic Diversity of Autochthonous Breeds of Cattle, Sheep and Pigs in Serbia: A Review. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:1894. [PMID: 38998006 PMCID: PMC11240667 DOI: 10.3390/ani14131894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2024] [Revised: 06/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Preserving local autochthonous domestic animal populations and the products derived from them is a crucial aspect of managing human utilization of the biosphere. This management approach aims to ensure sustainable benefits for both present and future generations. The diversity of autochthonous domestic animal populations plays a vital role in the functionality and sustainability of the food production system. It encompasses both productive and non-productive aspects, contributing significantly to the overall health, nutrition, and food security of the landscape by providing a wide range of animal-derived food resources. Based on the data contained in the Draft Program of Rural Development, a significant presence of more than 44 autochthonous and local breeds of domestic animals has been noted in Serbia. In order to enable the sustainable preservation of local domestic animals, the competent Ministry of Agriculture of the Republic of Serbia has, through a number of projects, implemented models for the preservation of local breeds on farms (in situ), as well as provided technical assistance to small farms that keep animal collections. It also helps the local population to procure animals, conducts product quality research, and provides opportunities to integrate conservation programs through tourism. Given that molecular characterization is a key factor for the preservation of autochthonous breeds, in the Republic of Serbia, DNA markers are used for identification and to investigate the belonging to a specific breeds or strain. All the mentioned activities led to an immediate increase in the number of animals, which is especially true for the autochthonous breeds of cattle (Busha), sheep (Sjenicka, Svrljiska, and Vlach-vitohorn) and pigs (Mangalitsa, Moravka, and Resavka) that are discussed in this paper. In addition to the significant measures undertaken to preserve animal genetic resources (AnGR), it is necessary to continue to work primarily on ex situ conservation in order to prevent the loss of their gene pools. However, regardless of the evident effort that has been made to preserve autochthonous genetic resources in Serbia, we believe that there is still a lot of room for further improvement. This primarily refers to advanced technologies that have not been applied so far, mostly related to the identification of genomic regions associated with economic traits, resistance to diseases, and adaptability to emerging climate changes. In this way, the production capacity and functional characteristics of autochthonous species and breeds of domestic animals in Serbia will be improved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radica Djedovic
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade, Nemanjina 6, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia; (D.R.); (D.S.); (R.S.); (M.P.); (V.B.); (N.G.); (I.M.)
| | - Dragan Radojkovic
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade, Nemanjina 6, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia; (D.R.); (D.S.); (R.S.); (M.P.); (V.B.); (N.G.); (I.M.)
| | - Dragan Stanojevic
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade, Nemanjina 6, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia; (D.R.); (D.S.); (R.S.); (M.P.); (V.B.); (N.G.); (I.M.)
| | - Radomir Savic
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade, Nemanjina 6, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia; (D.R.); (D.S.); (R.S.); (M.P.); (V.B.); (N.G.); (I.M.)
| | - Natasha Vukasinovic
- Zoetis Veterinary Medicine Research and Development (VMRD), Kalamazoo, MI 49001, USA;
| | - Mladen Popovac
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade, Nemanjina 6, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia; (D.R.); (D.S.); (R.S.); (M.P.); (V.B.); (N.G.); (I.M.)
| | - Vladan Bogdanovic
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade, Nemanjina 6, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia; (D.R.); (D.S.); (R.S.); (M.P.); (V.B.); (N.G.); (I.M.)
| | - Cedomir Radovic
- Institute for Animal Husbandry, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia; (C.R.); (M.G.)
| | - Marija Gogic
- Institute for Animal Husbandry, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia; (C.R.); (M.G.)
| | - Nikolija Gligovic
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade, Nemanjina 6, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia; (D.R.); (D.S.); (R.S.); (M.P.); (V.B.); (N.G.); (I.M.)
| | - Petar Stojic
- Institute for Science Application in Agriculture, Bulevar Despota Stefana 68b, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Ivan Mitrovic
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade, Nemanjina 6, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia; (D.R.); (D.S.); (R.S.); (M.P.); (V.B.); (N.G.); (I.M.)
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13
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Almášiová S, Toman R, Pšenková M, Tančin V, Jančo I. Toxic Elements in Sheep Milk, Whey, and Cheese from the Environmentally Burdened Area in Eastern Slovakia and Health Risk Assessment with Different Scenarios of Their Consumption. TOXICS 2024; 12:467. [PMID: 39058119 PMCID: PMC11280966 DOI: 10.3390/toxics12070467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
The study aimed to determine the content of 17 elements (Al, As, Ba, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Li, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sb, Se, Sr, and Zn) in samples of sheep milk, cheese, and whey (36 samples in total) collected from a farm in an environmentally burdened area due to the long-term mining and industrial activity in Slovakia as well as to determine the possible risk of consumption via health risk assessment calculations. Consumption of 120 g of milk, 500 g of milk, 20 g of cheese, and 100 g of cheese were used in calculations for children and adults, respectively. According to the results, concentrations of four elements are controversial. Lead concentrations in all types of samples exceeded the maximum permissible lead limit in milk set by European Union legislation. The content of Se and As is problematic for children's consumption, and the target hazard quotient for As and Al is higher than one (considered potentially not safe) in all scenarios. According to the target system approach, lead concentrations in milk and cheese could adversely influence the nervous system and kidneys of adults' and children's developmental and reproductive systems. Considering the worst-case scenario, consuming sheep milk and cheese from the monitored areas could represent a risk and be potentially harmful to human health, mainly for children. However, further monitoring of the levels of elements and concentrations in environmentally burdened areas and more robust data on consumption are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Almášiová
- Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources, Institute of Animal Husbandry, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Trieda Andreja Hlinku 2, 949 76 Nitra, Slovakia; (S.A.); (M.P.); (V.T.)
| | - Róbert Toman
- Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources, Institute of Animal Husbandry, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Trieda Andreja Hlinku 2, 949 76 Nitra, Slovakia; (S.A.); (M.P.); (V.T.)
| | - Martina Pšenková
- Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources, Institute of Animal Husbandry, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Trieda Andreja Hlinku 2, 949 76 Nitra, Slovakia; (S.A.); (M.P.); (V.T.)
| | - Vladimír Tančin
- Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources, Institute of Animal Husbandry, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Trieda Andreja Hlinku 2, 949 76 Nitra, Slovakia; (S.A.); (M.P.); (V.T.)
| | - Ivona Jančo
- AgroBioTech Research Center, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Trieda Andreja Hlinku 2, 949 76 Nitra, Slovakia;
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14
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Xiao M, Wang Y, Wei M, Peng W, Wang Y, Zhang R, Zheng Y, Ju J, Dong C, Du L, Bao M. Effects of nanoselenium on the performance, blood indices, and milk metabolites of dairy cows during the peak lactation period. Front Vet Sci 2024; 11:1418165. [PMID: 38966561 PMCID: PMC11222674 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1418165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
To compare the impact of nanoselenium and sodium selenite on the performance, blood indices, and milk metabolites of dairy cows during the peak lactation period, two groups of dairy cows under the same conditions were selected as the control group (CON group) and treatment group (NSe group) for a 38-day (10 days for adaptation and 28 days for sampling) experiment. The control group (CON) was provided a basal diet +3.3 g/d of sodium selenite (purity1%), whereas the nanoselenium group (NSe) was offered the same diet +10 mL/d of nanoselenium (selenium concentration 1,500 mg/L). The results showed that NSe significantly increased the milk yield, milk selenium content, and feed efficiency (p < 0.05), but had no significant effect on other milk components (p > 0.05). NSe significantly increased blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) (p < 0.05), but had no significant effects on malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), blood total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), or blood selenium (p > 0.05). In addition, the nontargeted metabolomics of the milk was determined by LC-MS technology, and the differentially abundant metabolites and their enrichment pathways were screened. According to these findings, NSe considerably increased the contents of cetylmannoside, undecylenoic acid, 3-hydroxypentadecanoic acid, 16-hydroxypentadecanoic acid, threonic acid, etc., but decreased the contents of galactaric acid, mesaconic acid, CDP-glucose etc. Furthermore, the enriched metabolic pathways that were screened with an impact value greater than 0.1 included metabolism of niacin and niacinamide, pyruvate, citrate cycle, riboflavin, glycerophospholipid, butanoate and tyrosine. Pearson correlation analysis also revealed a relationship between different milk metabolites and blood selenium, as well as between milk selenium and blood biochemical indices. In conclusion, compared with sodium selenite, nanoselenium improves the milk yield, feed efficiency, and milk selenium content of dairy cows and regulates milk metabolites and related metabolic pathways in Holstein dairy cows during the peak lactation period, which has certain application prospects in dairy production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Xiao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao, China
| | - Yajing Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Manlin Wei
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao, China
| | - Wen Peng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao, China
| | - Yuxiang Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao, China
| | - Runze Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao, China
| | - Yongjie Zheng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao, China
| | - Ji Ju
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao, China
| | - Chenyang Dong
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao, China
| | - Liu Du
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao, China
| | - Meili Bao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao, China
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15
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Nakano A, Ueno HM, Kawata D, Tatara Y, Tamada Y, Mikami T, Murashita K, Nakaji S, Itoh K. Dairy consumption, bone turnover biomarkers, and osteo sono assessment index in Japanese adults: A cross-sectional analysis of data from the Iwaki Health Promotion Project. Bone Rep 2024; 21:101770. [PMID: 38736771 PMCID: PMC11087920 DOI: 10.1016/j.bonr.2024.101770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Dairy foods are nutritional sources of calcium, phosphorus, protein, and other nutrients that improve bone health. However, the effects of dairy consumption on bone biomarkers in the Japanese population remain unclear. This study explored the association between dairy consumption and bone biomarkers in Japanese adults. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted as part of the Iwaki Health Promotion Project in Aomori, Japan. In total, 1063 adults were included in the analysis. Bone turnover marker levels were measured in local citizens during their annual medical checkups. The calcaneus osteo sono assessment index (OSI) was calculated using a quantitative ultrasound technique. The dietary intake of foods and nutrients was estimated using a food frequency questionnaire. Linear regression models were established using dairy consumption and bone biomarkers with adjustments. Statistic significance was considered by P < 0.05. Results In multivariate models, the tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b and parathyroid hormone concentrations were inversely associated with dietary dairy consumption after adjusting for age and sex. The undercarboxylated osteocalcin, a procollagen type I N-terminal peptide to bone alkaline phosphatase ratio, and OSI were the directly associated with dairy consumption in multivariate models with adjustment. Conclusions Dairy consumption is partially associated with bone turnover biomarkers and OSI in adult Japanese participants. Habitual consumption of dairy foods may contribute to the nutritional supplementation for maintaining bone health, including turnover and structure. Clinical trial registry number and website where it was obtained The Japanese Clinical Trials Registry (UMIN000040459), https://center6.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr/ctr_view.cgi?recptno=R000046175.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayatake Nakano
- Milk Science Research Institute, Megmilk Snow Brand Co., Ltd., Kawagoe, Japan
- Department of Precision Nutrition for Dairy Foods, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Hiroshi M. Ueno
- Milk Science Research Institute, Megmilk Snow Brand Co., Ltd., Kawagoe, Japan
- Department of Precision Nutrition for Dairy Foods, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Daisuke Kawata
- Milk Science Research Institute, Megmilk Snow Brand Co., Ltd., Kawagoe, Japan
- Department of Precision Nutrition for Dairy Foods, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Yota Tatara
- Department of Precision Nutrition for Dairy Foods, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Tamada
- Department of Precision Nutrition for Dairy Foods, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
- Research Center for Health-Medical Data Science, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Mikami
- Department of Precision Nutrition for Dairy Foods, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
- Innovation Center for Health Promotion, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Koichi Murashita
- Department of Precision Nutrition for Dairy Foods, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
- Research Institute of Health Innovation, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Shigeyuki Nakaji
- Department of Precision Nutrition for Dairy Foods, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Ken Itoh
- Department of Precision Nutrition for Dairy Foods, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
- Center for Advanced Medical Research, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
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16
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Moore SS, Costa A, Penasa M, De Marchi M. Effects of different temperature-humidity indexes on milk traits of Holstein cows: A 10-year retrospective study. J Dairy Sci 2024; 107:3669-3687. [PMID: 38246553 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2023-23723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Test-day records (n = 723,091) collected between 2012 and 2021 from 43,015 Holstein cows at 157 farms located in northern Italy were used to study the effects of heat load on milk production and composition a posteriori. The data consisted of milk yield (kg/d), traditional gross composition traits, somatic cell score (SCS), differential somatic cell count (%), milk β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB, mmol/L), milk urea (mg/dL), and milk fatty acid composition (g/100 g of milk). Test-day records were then associated with their relative temperature-humidity indexes (THI) calculated using historical environmental data registered by weather stations. Indexes were created using either yearly or summer THI data. The yearly indexes included the average daily THI (adTHI) and the maximum daily THI (mdTHI) measured throughout the whole year, and the summer indexes focused on 3 mo only (June-August) and included the average daily summer THI (adTHIs), the maximum daily summer THI (mdTHIs), and the average daily THI of the hottest 4 h of the day (adTHI4h; 1200-1600 h). All indexes had significant effects on the majority of milk traits analyzed, with, in particular, adTHI and mdTHI being highly significant in explaining the variation of all traits. Milk yield started to decline at a higher THI compared with protein and fat content. The reduction in fat ceased in the elevated THI experienced during the summer months, as demonstrated by adTHIs, mdTHIs, and adTHI4h. The cows had a tendency for increased BHB concentration with elevated THI, suggesting a greater risk of negative energy balance in presence of heat stress. Furthermore, the concentration of the de novo fatty acids C14:0 and C16:0 was reduced in higher THI, reflecting altered mammary gland activity upon elevated heat load and stress. Milk SCS tended to increase with higher adTHIs, mdTHIs, and adTHI4h. The use of yearly indexes is recommended when investigating the effects of heat load on milk composition, whereas summer indexes are suggested when investigating traits influenced by extreme conditions, such as SCS and milk yield. With global temperatures expected to further rise in the upcoming decades, early and easy identification of cows or herds suffering from heat stress, such as through changes in milk composition, is crucial for timely intervention. Adapting measures to mitigate such effects of elevated THI on milk yield and composition is a necessity for the dairy industry to prevent detrimental impacts on dairy production.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Sterup Moore
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, 35020 Legnaro (PD), Italy
| | - A Costa
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences (DIMEVET), University of Bologna, 40064 Ozzano dell'Emilia (BO), Italy.
| | - M Penasa
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, 35020 Legnaro (PD), Italy
| | - M De Marchi
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, 35020 Legnaro (PD), Italy
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17
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Mezzetti M, Passamonti MM, Dall’Asta M, Bertoni G, Trevisi E, Ajmone Marsan P. Emerging Parameters Justifying a Revised Quality Concept for Cow Milk. Foods 2024; 13:1650. [PMID: 38890886 PMCID: PMC11171858 DOI: 10.3390/foods13111650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Milk has become a staple food product globally. Traditionally, milk quality assessment has been primarily focused on hygiene and composition to ensure its safety for consumption and processing. However, in recent years, the concept of milk quality has expanded to encompass a broader range of factors. Consumers now also consider animal welfare, environmental impact, and the presence of additional beneficial components in milk when assessing its quality. This shifting consumer demand has led to increased attention on the overall production and sourcing practices of milk. Reflecting on this trend, this review critically explores such novel quality parameters, offering insights into how such practices meet the modern consumer's holistic expectations. The multifaceted aspects of milk quality are examined, revealing the intertwined relationship between milk safety, compositional integrity, and the additional health benefits provided by milk's bioactive properties. By embracing sustainable farming practices, dairy farmers and processors are encouraged not only to fulfill but to anticipate consumer standards for premium milk quality. This comprehensive approach to milk quality underscores the necessity of adapting dairy production to address the evolving nutritional landscape and consumption patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Mezzetti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Animali, della Nutrizione e degli Alimenti (DIANA), Facoltà di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari e Ambientali, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 29122 Piacenza, Italy; (M.M.); (M.M.P.); (M.D.); (G.B.); (E.T.)
| | - Matilde Maria Passamonti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Animali, della Nutrizione e degli Alimenti (DIANA), Facoltà di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari e Ambientali, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 29122 Piacenza, Italy; (M.M.); (M.M.P.); (M.D.); (G.B.); (E.T.)
| | - Margherita Dall’Asta
- Dipartimento di Scienze Animali, della Nutrizione e degli Alimenti (DIANA), Facoltà di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari e Ambientali, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 29122 Piacenza, Italy; (M.M.); (M.M.P.); (M.D.); (G.B.); (E.T.)
| | - Giuseppe Bertoni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Animali, della Nutrizione e degli Alimenti (DIANA), Facoltà di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari e Ambientali, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 29122 Piacenza, Italy; (M.M.); (M.M.P.); (M.D.); (G.B.); (E.T.)
| | - Erminio Trevisi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Animali, della Nutrizione e degli Alimenti (DIANA), Facoltà di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari e Ambientali, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 29122 Piacenza, Italy; (M.M.); (M.M.P.); (M.D.); (G.B.); (E.T.)
- Romeo and Enrica Invernizzi Research Center for Sustainable Dairy Production of the Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore (CREI), 29122 Piacenza, Italy
| | - Paolo Ajmone Marsan
- Dipartimento di Scienze Animali, della Nutrizione e degli Alimenti (DIANA), Facoltà di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari e Ambientali, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 29122 Piacenza, Italy; (M.M.); (M.M.P.); (M.D.); (G.B.); (E.T.)
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18
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Bayrak S, Gergeroglu H. Graphene-based biosensors in milk analysis: A review of recent developments. Food Chem 2024; 440:138257. [PMID: 38154279 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.138257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
Cow's milk, an excellent source of fat, protein, amino acids, vitamins and minerals, is currently one of the most consumed products worldwide. Contaminations originating from diverse sources, such as biological, chemical, and physical, cause dairy product quality problems and thus dairy-related disorders, raising public health issues. For this reason, legal authorities have deemed it necessary to classify certain contaminations in commercial milk and keep them within particular limitations; therefore, it is urgent to develop next-generation detection systems that can accurately identify just the contaminants of concern to human health. This review presents a detailed investigation of biosensors based on graphene and its derivatives, which offer superior sensitivity and selectivity, by classifying the contaminants under the headings biological, chemical, and physical, in cow's milk according to their sources. We reviewed the current status of graphene-based biosensor (GBs) technology for milk or dairy analysis, highlighting its strengths and weaknesses with the help of comparative studies, tables, and charts, and we put forward a novel perspective to handle future challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sule Bayrak
- Department of Food Engineering, Ege University, 35040 Izmir, Turkey.
| | - Hazal Gergeroglu
- CIC nanoGUNE, Tolosa Hiribidea 76, E-20018 Donostia - San Sebastian, Spain
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19
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Ní Chonnacháin C, Feeney EL, Gollogly C, Shields DC, Loscher CE, Cotter PD, Noronha N, Stack R, Doherty GA, Gibney ER. The effects of dairy on the gut microbiome and symptoms in gastrointestinal disease cohorts: a systematic review. GUT MICROBIOME (CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND) 2024; 5:e5. [PMID: 39290657 PMCID: PMC11406376 DOI: 10.1017/gmb.2024.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024]
Abstract
Bovine dairy foods provide several essential nutrients. Fermented bovine dairy foods contain additional compounds, increasing their potential to benefit gastrointestinal health. This review explores the effects of dairy consumption on the gut microbiome and symptoms in gastrointestinal disease cohorts. Human subjects with common gastrointestinal diseases (functional gastrointestinal disorders and inflammatory bowel disease) or associated symptoms, and equivalent animal models were included. A systematic literature search was performed using PubMed, Embase and Web of Science. The search yielded 3014 studies in total, with 26 meeting inclusion criteria, including 15 human studies (1550 participants) and 11 animal studies (627 subjects). All test foods were fermented bovine dairy products, primarily fermented milk and yogurt. Six studies reported increases in gastrointestinal bacterial alpha diversity, with nine studies reporting increases in relative Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium abundance. Six studies reported increases in beneficial short-chain fatty acids, while three reported decreases. Gastrointestinal symptoms, specifically gut comfort and defecation frequency, improved in 14 human studies. Five animal studies demonstrated reduced colonic damage and improved healing. This review shows fermented bovine dairy consumption may improve gut microbial characteristics and gastrointestinal symptoms in gastrointestinal disease cohorts. Further human intervention studies are needed, expanding test foods and capturing non-self-reported gastrointestinal measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clíona Ní Chonnacháin
- Food for Health Ireland, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Institute of Food and Health, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Emma L Feeney
- Food for Health Ireland, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Institute of Food and Health, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Clare Gollogly
- Food for Health Ireland, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Institute of Food and Health, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Denis C Shields
- Food for Health Ireland, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- School of Medicine and Medical Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Christine E Loscher
- Food for Health Ireland, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- School of Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Paul D Cotter
- Food for Health Ireland, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Food Biosciences, Teagasc Food Research Centre, APC Microbiome Ireland and VistaMilk, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Nessa Noronha
- Food for Health Ireland, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Institute of Food and Health, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Roisin Stack
- Food for Health Ireland, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- School of Medicine and Medical Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Centre for Colorectal Disease, St Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Glen A Doherty
- Food for Health Ireland, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- School of Medicine and Medical Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Centre for Colorectal Disease, St Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Eileen R Gibney
- Food for Health Ireland, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Institute of Food and Health, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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20
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Yang X, Wang J, Chang G, Sun C, Wu Q, Wang Z. Post-synthetic modification of covalent organic framework for efficient adsorption of organochlorine pesticides from cattle's milk. Food Chem 2024; 439:138182. [PMID: 38100880 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.138182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Analysis of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) residues in milk faces a significant challenge. Herein, a sea urchin structured covalent organic framework bearing boric acid groups named COF-B(OH)2 was synthesized and applied as a coating material for solid-phase microextraction (SPME) of the OCPs in cattle's milk. Its performance was superior to that of three commonly used commercial SPME fibers, which could be due to the coexistence of hydrogen bonding, halogen bonding, π-stacking and electrostatic interactions. Besides, the fiber coating displayed good stability and reusability. After optimization, a COF-B(OH)2 based SPME coupled with gas chromatography-electron capture detection was established for the sensitive detection of the OCPs from milk samples. The limits of detection (S/N = 3) were between 0.04 and 1.00 μg kg-1. Satisfactory accuracy was achieved with the method recoveries in the range of 87.5 % to 112.5 %. These results manifest the feasibility of the COF-B(OH)2 coated fiber for the enrichment of the trace OCPs from milk samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiumin Yang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China.
| | - Junmin Wang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Guifen Chang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Cuihong Sun
- College of Chemical Engineering, Shijiazhuang University, Shijiazhuang 050035, China
| | - Qiuhua Wu
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Zhi Wang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China.
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21
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Singh A, Kumar A, Thakur MS, Khare V, Jain A, Tiwari SP. Genetic analysis of milk minerals in dairy cattle: a review. J Appl Genet 2024; 65:375-381. [PMID: 38286942 DOI: 10.1007/s13353-024-00832-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
Mineral composition in milk can affect its nutritional as well as physio-chemical properties of milk and is considered an important trait in the evaluation of milk quality. The composition and concentration of milk minerals could be altered with natural source of variation including nutrition and genetics. The effect of diet on milk minerals is well studied. However, genetic effects on the milk minerals have recently gained the attention. This review provides an overview of the genetic variation of milk minerals, and the genomic regions associated with mineral concentration in the milk are also discussed. The difference of milk minerals between breeds and the genetic parameters including heritability estimates and correlation among minerals indicates that milk minerals are under strong genetic control. Recently, the genome-wide association study (GWAS) has explored several regions associated with milk minerals and thus provides a new genetic source for improving the milk quality through genomics-assisted breeding. Hence, a combination of the qualitative and molecular approaches can be exploited to improving the nutritional quality of cattle milk in terms of its mineral composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akansha Singh
- College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, NDVSU, Jabalpur, 482001, M.P, India.
| | - Amit Kumar
- ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, 243122, U.P., India
| | - Mohan Singh Thakur
- College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, NDVSU, Jabalpur, 482001, M.P, India
| | - Vaishali Khare
- College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, NDVSU, Jabalpur, 482001, M.P, India
| | - Asit Jain
- College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, NDVSU, Jabalpur, 482001, M.P, India
| | - Sita Prasad Tiwari
- Nanaji Deshmukh Veterinary Science University, Jabalpur, 482004, M.P., India
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22
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Duan H, Li S, Li C, Tian L, Ma Y, Cai X. Alfalfa xeno-miR159a regulates bovine mammary epithelial cell proliferation and milk protein synthesis by targeting PTPRF. Sci Rep 2024; 14:9117. [PMID: 38643232 PMCID: PMC11032358 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-59948-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Milk protein content is an important index to evaluate the quality and nutrition of milk. Accumulating evidence suggests that microRNAs (miRNAs) play important roles in bovine lactation, but little is known regarding the cross-kingdom regulatory roles of plant-derived exogenous miRNAs (xeno-miRNAs) in milk protein synthesis, particularly the underlying molecular mechanisms. The purpose of this study was to explore the regulatory mechanism of alfalfa-derived xeno-miRNAs on proliferation and milk protein synthesis in bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMECs). Our previous study showed that alfalfa miR159a (mtr-miR159a, xeno-miR159a) was highly expressed in alfalfa, and the abundance of mtr-miR159a was significantly lower in serum and whey from high-protein-milk dairy cows compared with low-protein-milk dairy cows. In this study, mRNA expression was detected by real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR), and casein content was evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Cell proliferation and apoptosis were detected using the cell counting kit 8 (CCK-8) assay, 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) staining, western blot, and flow cytometry. A dual-luciferase reporter assay was used to determine the regulation of Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Receptor Type F (PTPRF) by xeno-miR159a. We found that xeno-miR159a overexpression inhibited proliferation of BMEC and promoted cell apoptosis. Besides, xeno-miR159a overexpression decreased β-casein abundance, and increased α-casein and κ-casein abundance in BMECs. Dual-luciferase reporter assay result confirmed that PTPRF is a target gene of xeno-miR159a. These results provide new insights into the mechanism by which alfalfa-derived miRNAs regulate BMECs proliferation and milk protein synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjuan Duan
- Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular and Cellular Breeding of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, College of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, China
| | - Shaojin Li
- Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular and Cellular Breeding of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, College of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, China
| | - Chuangwei Li
- Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular and Cellular Breeding of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, College of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, China
| | - Lan Tian
- Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular and Cellular Breeding of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, College of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, China
| | - Yun Ma
- Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular and Cellular Breeding of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, College of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, China
| | - Xiaoyan Cai
- Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular and Cellular Breeding of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, College of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, China.
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23
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Moreira Naves DF, Dos Reis Feliciano C, Santos MG. Restricted double access ionic imprinted polymer for online extraction and determination of copper from milk samples via FIA-FAAS system. Anal Chim Acta 2024; 1296:342308. [PMID: 38401938 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2024.342308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Determining metals in complex biological samples, such as milk, typically involves dry or wet decomposition. However, these techniques have limitations, including low selectivity, risk of contamination, and the use of large reagent volumes. To solve these problems, solid-phase extraction (SPE) using multifunctional sorbents has been extensively explored. In this context, this work proposed synthesizing a new restricted double access ionic imprinted polymer (RAIIP-BSA), for online SPE and determination of Cu2+ from untreated milk samples via flow injection analysis and flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FIA-FASS). RESULTS Firstly, the polymer was obtained by bulk polymerization using Cu2+ as a template, 4-vinyl pyridine as a functional monomer, and glycidyl methacrylate as a hydrophilic comonomer. Subsequently, it was covered with bovine serum albumin, creating the restricted double access barrier. The obtained material could exclude 97 % of the proteins from milk samples. RAIIP-BSA was chemically and physically characterized. The main extraction variables were optimized via multivariate optimization. The method showed good figures of merit, such as linearity ranging from 0.05 to 1.0 mg L-1, LoD and LoQ of 0.03 and 0.05 mg L-1, intra- and interday precision ranging from 0.73 to 4.14 % and 0.16-3.68 %, and an intra- and interday accuracy ranging from 97.0 to 115.0 % and 103.0-119.0 %, respectively. SIGNIFICANCE The developed method demonstrates the effective extraction of Cu2+ from untreated milk samples, exhibiting selectivity, high extraction capacity, prolonged sorbent (RAIIP-BSA) durability, simplicity, and swift operation. This method holds promise as an alternative to conventional metal analysis approaches in complex matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daysla Fernanda Moreira Naves
- Instrumental Analytical Chemistry Research Group - GPQAI, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Alfenas - Unifal-MG, Alfenas, MG, 37130-000, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Dos Reis Feliciano
- Instrumental Analytical Chemistry Research Group - GPQAI, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Alfenas - Unifal-MG, Alfenas, MG, 37130-000, Brazil
| | - Mariane Gonçalves Santos
- Instrumental Analytical Chemistry Research Group - GPQAI, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Alfenas - Unifal-MG, Alfenas, MG, 37130-000, Brazil.
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24
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Mendes GDRL, Souza HFD, Lopes JPA, Rocha ACS, Faria RB, Santos FRD, Mesquita BMADCD, Santos SHS, Durães CAF, Ferreira SR, Boitrago SCODS, Leal JS, Kamimura ES, Brandi IV. A fermented milk drink with Umbu (Spondias tuberosa) pulp and whey is effective for weight gain and re-nutrition in malnourished: An in vivo study in mice and children. Food Res Int 2024; 181:114083. [PMID: 38448094 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.114083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Malnutrition is considered one of the major public health problems worldwide and negatively affects the growth, development and learning of schoolchildren. This study developed and evaluated a fermented milk drink with added Umbu (Spondias tuberosa) pulp in the weight gain and renutrition of mice submitted to malnutrition by calorie restriction, and in malnourished children. The supplementation with this fermented milk drink contributed to an increase of 7.2 % in body weight, and 64.3 % in albumin, and a reduction of 35 % in cholesterol in malnourished mice. In humans, a group of nine malnourished children consumed a daily 200 mL serving of the milk drink (for 60 days). For humans, the fermented milk drink allowed an increase of 16.5 % in body weight, and 20.9 % in body mass index in malnourished children. In conclusion, fermented milk drink has a positive effect on the re-nutrition of malnourished mice and helps to improve the nutritional status of malnourished children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela da Rocha Lemos Mendes
- Postgraduate Program in Food and Health; Food Engineering School, Agricultural Sciences Institute (ICA), Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), A. Universitária, 1000, 39404-547 Montes Claros, Brazil
| | - Handray Fernandes de Souza
- Postgraduate Program in Food and Health; Food Engineering School, Agricultural Sciences Institute (ICA), Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), A. Universitária, 1000, 39404-547 Montes Claros, Brazil; Department of Food Engineering, School of Animal Science and Food Engineering, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Duque de Caxias Norte, 225, 13635-900 Pirassununga, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - João Pedro Antunes Lopes
- Postgraduate Program in Food and Health; Food Engineering School, Agricultural Sciences Institute (ICA), Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), A. Universitária, 1000, 39404-547 Montes Claros, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Santos Rocha
- Postgraduate Program in Food and Health; Food Engineering School, Agricultural Sciences Institute (ICA), Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), A. Universitária, 1000, 39404-547 Montes Claros, Brazil
| | - Raquel Borges Faria
- Postgraduate Program in Food and Health; Food Engineering School, Agricultural Sciences Institute (ICA), Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), A. Universitária, 1000, 39404-547 Montes Claros, Brazil
| | - Fábio Ribeiro Dos Santos
- Postgraduate Program in Food and Health; Food Engineering School, Agricultural Sciences Institute (ICA), Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), A. Universitária, 1000, 39404-547 Montes Claros, Brazil; Department of Food Technology, Postgraduate Program in Food Science and Technology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Bruna Mara Aparecida de Carvalho de Mesquita
- Postgraduate Program in Food and Health; Food Engineering School, Agricultural Sciences Institute (ICA), Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), A. Universitária, 1000, 39404-547 Montes Claros, Brazil; Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros, Av. Prof. Rui Braga, s/n, 39401-089 Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Sérgio Henrique Sousa Santos
- Postgraduate Program in Food and Health; Food Engineering School, Agricultural Sciences Institute (ICA), Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), A. Universitária, 1000, 39404-547 Montes Claros, Brazil; Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros, Av. Prof. Rui Braga, s/n, 39401-089 Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Carla Adriana Ferreira Durães
- Postgraduate Program in Food and Health; Food Engineering School, Agricultural Sciences Institute (ICA), Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), A. Universitária, 1000, 39404-547 Montes Claros, Brazil; Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros, Av. Prof. Rui Braga, s/n, 39401-089 Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Sildimar Rodrigues Ferreira
- Postgraduate Program in Food and Health; Food Engineering School, Agricultural Sciences Institute (ICA), Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), A. Universitária, 1000, 39404-547 Montes Claros, Brazil
| | | | - Jéssica Santos Leal
- Postgraduate Program in Food and Health; Food Engineering School, Agricultural Sciences Institute (ICA), Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), A. Universitária, 1000, 39404-547 Montes Claros, Brazil
| | - Eliana Setsuko Kamimura
- Department of Food Engineering, School of Animal Science and Food Engineering, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Duque de Caxias Norte, 225, 13635-900 Pirassununga, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Igor Viana Brandi
- Postgraduate Program in Food and Health; Food Engineering School, Agricultural Sciences Institute (ICA), Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), A. Universitária, 1000, 39404-547 Montes Claros, Brazil; Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros, Av. Prof. Rui Braga, s/n, 39401-089 Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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25
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van Eijnatten EJM, Roelofs JJM, Camps G, Huppertz T, Lambers TT, Smeets PAM. Gastric coagulation and postprandial amino acid absorption of milk is affected by mineral composition: a randomized crossover trial. Food Funct 2024; 15:3098-3107. [PMID: 38416477 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo04063a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Background: In vitro studies suggest that casein coagulation of milk is influenced by its mineral composition, and may therefore affect the dynamics of protein digestion, gastric emptying and appearance of amino acids (AA) in the blood, but this remains to be confirmed in vivo. Objective: This study aimed to compare gastrointestinal digestion between two milks with the same total calcium content but different casein mineralization (CM). Design: Fifteen males (age 30.9 ± 13.8 years, BMI 22.5 ± 2.2 kg m-2) participated in this randomized cross-over study with two treatments. Participants underwent gastric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans at the baseline and every 10 min up to 90 min after consumption of 600 ml milk with low or high CM. Blood samples were taken at the baseline and up to 5 hours postprandially. Primary outcomes were postprandial plasma AA concentrations and gastric emptying rate. Secondary outcomes were postprandial glucose and insulin levels, gastric coagulation as estimated by image texture metrics, and appetite ratings. Results: Gastric content volume over time was similar for both treatments. However, gastric content image analysis suggested that the liquid fraction emptied quicker in the high CM milk, while the coagulum emptied slower. Relative to high CM, low CM showed earlier appearance of AAs that are more dominant in casein, such as proline (MD 4.18 μmol L-1, 95% CI [2.38-5.98], p < 0.001), while there was no difference in appearance of AAs that are more dominant in whey protein, such as leucine. The image texture metrics homogeneity and busyness differed significantly between treatments (MD 0.007, 95% CI [0.001, 0.012], p = 0.022; MD 0.005, 95% CI [0.001, 0.010], p = 0.012) likely because of a reduced coagulation in the low CM milk. Conclusions: Mineral composition of milk can influence postprandial serum AA kinetics, likely due to differences in coagulation dynamics. The clinical trial registry number is NL8959 (https://clinicaltrials.gov).
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Affiliation(s)
- Elise J M van Eijnatten
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, Stippeneng 4, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Julia J M Roelofs
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, Stippeneng 4, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Guido Camps
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, Stippeneng 4, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Thom Huppertz
- Food Quality and Design group, Wageningen University, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708 WG Wageningen, The Netherlands
- FrieslandCampina, Stationsplein 4, 3818 LE Amersfoort, The Netherlands
| | - Tim T Lambers
- FrieslandCampina, Stationsplein 4, 3818 LE Amersfoort, The Netherlands
| | - Paul A M Smeets
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, Stippeneng 4, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands.
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26
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Mailho-Fontana PL, Antoniazzi MM, Coelho GR, Pimenta DC, Fernandes LP, Kupfer A, Brodie ED, Jared C. Milk provisioning in oviparous caecilian amphibians. Science 2024; 383:1092-1095. [PMID: 38452082 DOI: 10.1126/science.adi5379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Among vertebrates, the yolk is commonly the only form of nutritional investment offered by the female to the embryo. Some species, however, have developed parental care behaviors associated with specialized food provisioning essential for offspring survival, such as the production of lipidic-rich parental milk in mammals. Here, we show that females of the egg-laying caecilian amphibian Siphonops annulatus provide similarly lipid-rich milk to altricial hatchlings during parental care. We observed that for 2 months, S. annulatus babies ingested milk released through the maternal vent seemingly in response to tactile and acoustic stimulation by the babies. The milk, composed mainly of lipids and carbohydrates, originates from the maternal oviduct epithelium's hypertrophied glands. Our data suggest lactation in this oviparous nonmammalian species and expand the knowledge of parental care and communication in caecilians.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marta M Antoniazzi
- Laboratório de Biologia Estrutural, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo 05503-900, Brazil
| | - Guilherme R Coelho
- Laboratório de Biofísica e Bioquímica, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo 05503-900, Brazil
| | - Daniel C Pimenta
- Laboratório de Biofísica e Bioquímica, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo 05503-900, Brazil
| | - Lígia P Fernandes
- Laboratório de Desenvolvimento de Alimentos Funcionais, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Alexander Kupfer
- Department of Zoology, State Museum of Natural History, 70191 Stuttgart, Germany
- Institute of Biology, University of Hohenheim, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Edmund D Brodie
- Department of Biology, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322, USA
| | - Carlos Jared
- Laboratório de Biologia Estrutural, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo 05503-900, Brazil
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Samandar F, Malek-Mohammadi S, Aram Z, Rastin F, Tolou-Shikhzadeh-Yazdi S, Amiri-Tehranizadeh Z, Saberi MR, Chamani J. New Perspective on the Interaction Behavior Between Riboflavin and β Lactoglobulin-β Casein Complex by Biophysical Techniques. Cell Biochem Biophys 2024; 82:175-191. [PMID: 37978103 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-023-01197-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Riboflavin (RF) is a vitamin that only exists in plants and microorganisms and must be procured externally by humans. On the other hand, there are two major allergic factors in cow's milk, including β-lactoglobulin (βLG) and β-casein (βCN), while their allergic properties can be eliminated by binding to micronutrients. In this regard, we examined the binding process of RF to βLG and βCN in the binary and ternary systems by different spectroscopies such as zeta potential, electric conductivity, and molecular modeling. According to the result of the fluorescence spectrum regarding the interaction of RF with βLG and βCN in binary and ternary systems, an increase in RF concentration declined the fluorescence intensity of three systems and also caused the quenching of proteins. Static quenching plays a pivotal role in the formation of stable interactions. The obtained thermodynamic parameters by Van't Hoff equation ascertained the predominance of hydrogen bonds and van der Waals interaction in all the systems. Considering how the negative value of ΔH0 resulted in the negative value of ΔG0, the systems were assumed to be enthalpy driven. The outcomes of circular dichroism (CD) disclosed that the attachment of RF to the targets of systems increased their a-helix content, which particularly included the binding of RF to βLG that led to the conversion of β-sheet to α-helix content. As indicated by the results of zeta potential, the low concentration of RF contained the dominance of hydrophobic forces in the interactions, whereas the enlargement of this concentration prevailed electrostatic forces. Moreover, conductometry measurements showed an extension in the rate of ionizable groups due to the addition of RF to the systems, which may increase the probability of an interaction between RF, βCN, and βLG in binary and ternary systems. In consistency with the outcomes of molecular dynamics simulation, the data of molecular docking approved the capability of RF in forming strong and stable interactions with βCN and βLG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzaneh Samandar
- Department of Biology, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Zahra Aram
- Department of Biology, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Farangis Rastin
- Department of Biology, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Zeinab Amiri-Tehranizadeh
- Medical Chemistry Department, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Saberi
- Medical Chemistry Department, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Jamshidkhan Chamani
- Department of Biology, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran.
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Archundia D, Prado-Pano B, Molina-Freaner F. Potentially toxic elements in soil-plant-water-animal continuum in a mining area from Northwestern Mexico: animal exposure pathways and health risks for children. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2024; 46:99. [PMID: 38403801 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-024-01902-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Mining increases environmental concentrations of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) accumulating in organisms and spreading in the human food chain-their presence in milk is of great human health concern. Pathways were identified by which these elements reach raw milk from farms within a mining area in Northwestern Mexico; health risks for dairy cattle and children were also evaluated. Water from river and cattle waterers, as well as, soils showed that PTE concentrations generally below the Mexican and international limits; cattle forage concentrations were above the World Health Organization limits. Al, Mg, Mo, Ni and Zn were recorded in raw milk samples from the mining area, showing that Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Pb and V are transferred from soil to plants but not accumulated in raw milk. Zn concentrations in raw milk exceeded the permissible limit; milk from farms without mining operations (comparison site) showed the presence of Al, Cr and Cu. In cattle tail hair, PTE did not correlate with raw milk concentrations. Metal accumulation in milk was higher through water consumption than that accumulated through forage consumption. Daily intakes (DI) of Al, Mg and Zn in cows could represent a risk for their health. The observed biotransference was higher than in other parts of Mexico, and the calculated DI and hazard quotients indicate no adverse health effects for children. However, the hazard Index values indicate that exposure to multiple PTE represents a risk for children. Management measures should be performed to control the cumulative risks to protect young children's health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denisse Archundia
- Consejo Nacional de Humanidades, Ciencias y Tecnologías (CONAHCYT), 03940, Mexico City, CDMX, Mexico.
- Instituto de Geología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510, Coyoacán, CDMX, Mexico.
| | - Blanca Prado-Pano
- Instituto de Geología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510, Coyoacán, CDMX, Mexico
| | - Francisco Molina-Freaner
- Instituto de Ecología, Departamento de Ecología de la Biodiversidad, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 83250, Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico
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29
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Sizova EA, Miroshnikov SA, Notova SV, Tinkov AA, Skalny AV. Serum Mineral Levels in Dairy Cows Transiting from Feedlot to Pasture. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024; 202:504-512. [PMID: 37183220 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03687-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to evaluate trace element and minerals levels in the serum of cows transiting from diets consumed in feedlot or under grazing. A total of 30 healthy 5-6 years old cows of the Red Steppe breed were involved in the study. Blood samples were collected at the end of the feedlot period (end of April) and during the pasture period (end of June). Serum essential trace element and mineral levels were evaluated using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The obtained data demonstrate that serum K levels in cows during the feedlot period exceeded those in the pasture period by 50%, whereas serum P values in the pasture period were significantly higher than in the feedlot period by 20%. Serum Li levels in cows during the feedlot feeding period were nearly 3-fold higher than the respective values in a pasture period. In addition, serum B, Sr, and Zn concentrations in cows during a pasture period exceeded those observed upon feedlot feeding by 38%, 40%, and 13%, respectively. In contrast, serum I and V levels in a feedlot period were 32% and 77% higher when compared to the respective values in a pasture period. Multiple regression analysis demonstrated that Cr, Cu, I, Na, and V are positively associated with feedlot feeding. At the same time, serum Zn and to a lesser extent Sr values were directly associated with the pasture period. Therefore, the results of the present study demonstrated that feedlot and pasture rations have a significant impact on trace element and mineral metabolism in dairy cows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena A Sizova
- Federal Research Centre of Biological Systems and Agro-technologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Orenburg, Russia
| | - Sergey A Miroshnikov
- Federal Research Centre of Biological Systems and Agro-technologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Orenburg, Russia
- Institute of Bioelementology, Orenburg State University, Orenburg, Russia
| | - Svetlana V Notova
- Federal Research Centre of Biological Systems and Agro-technologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Orenburg, Russia
- Institute of Bioelementology, Orenburg State University, Orenburg, Russia
| | - Alexey A Tinkov
- Federal Research Centre of Biological Systems and Agro-technologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Orenburg, Russia
- Institute of Bioelementology, Orenburg State University, Orenburg, Russia
- IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - Anatoly V Skalny
- Federal Research Centre of Biological Systems and Agro-technologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Orenburg, Russia.
- Institute of Bioelementology, Orenburg State University, Orenburg, Russia.
- IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia.
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Liang Q, Mondal P, Li Q, Maqbool T, Zhao C, Jiang D, Szulczewski GJ, Wijeratne GB. Nitro Indole Derivatives as Novel Dual-Polarity Matrices for MALDI Mass Spectrometry and Imaging with Broad Applications. Anal Chem 2024; 96:1668-1677. [PMID: 38226847 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c04684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
A new matrix framework is presented in this study for the improved ionization efficiency of complex mixtures by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry/imaging. Five nitro indole (NI) derivatives [3-methyl-4-nitro-1H-indole (3,4-MNI), 3-methyl-6-nitro-1H-indole (3,6-MNI), 2,3-dimethyl-4-nitro-1H-indole (2,3,4-DMNI), 2,3-dimethyl-6-nitro-1H-indole (2,3,6-DMNI), and 4-nitro-1H-indole (4-NI)] were synthesized and shown to produce both positive and negative ions with a broad class of analytes as MALDI matrices. NI matrices were compared to several common matrices, such as 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid (DHB), alpha-cyano-4-hydroxylcinnamic acid (CHCA), sinapinic acid (SA), 1,5-diaminonaphthelene (1,5-DAN), and 9-aminoacridine (9-AA), for the analysis of lipid, peptide, protein, glycan, and perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) compounds. 3,4-MNI demonstrated the best performance among the NI matrices. This matrix resulted in reduced ion suppression and better detection sensitivity for complex mixtures, for example, egg lipids/milk proteins/PFOS in tap water, while 2,3,6-DMNI was the best matrix for blueberry tissue imaging. Several important aspects of this work are reported: (1) dual-polarity ion production with NI matrices and complex mixtures; (2) quantitative analysis of PFOS with a LOQ of 0.5 ppb in tap water and 0.05 ppb in MQ water (without solid phase extraction enrichment), with accuracy and precision within 5%; (3) MALDI imaging with 2,3,6-DMNI as a matrix for plant metabolite/lipid identification with ionization enhancement in the negative ion mode m/z 600-900 region; and (4) development of a thin film deposition under/above tissue method for MALDI imaging with a vacuum sublimation matrix on a high-vacuum MALDI instrument.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoli Liang
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, United States
| | - Pritam Mondal
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali, Punjab 140306, India
| | - Qi Li
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, United States
| | - Tahir Maqbool
- Department of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, United States
| | - Chao Zhao
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, United States
| | - Daqian Jiang
- Department of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, United States
| | - Greg J Szulczewski
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, United States
| | - Gayan B Wijeratne
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, United States
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van Eijnatten EJM, Camps G, Guerville M, Fogliano V, Hettinga K, Smeets PAM. Milk coagulation and gastric emptying in women experiencing gastrointestinal symptoms after ingestion of cow's milk. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2024; 36:e14696. [PMID: 37877465 DOI: 10.1111/nmo.14696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastrointestinal symptoms after drinking milk are often attributed to lactose intolerance or cow's milk allergy. However, some individuals without either condition still report gastrointestinal symptoms after drinking milk. This may be caused by gastric emptying (GE) rate or gastric protein coagulation. This study aimed to compare GE rate and protein coagulation after milk consumption between individuals reporting gastrointestinal symptoms and those without symptoms using a novel gastric MRI approach. METHODS Thirty women were included in this case-control study, of whom 15 reported gastrointestinal symptoms after drinking milk and 15 were controls. Participants underwent gastric MRI before and up to 90 min after consumption of 250 mL cow's milk. Gastric content volume and image texture of the stomach contents were used to determine GE and changes in the degree of coagulation. KEY RESULTS GE half-time did not differ between the groups (gastrointestinal symptom group 66 ± 18 min; control group 61 ± 14 min, p = 0.845). The gastrointestinal symptom group reported symptoms from 30 min onwards and rated pain highest at 90 min. The control group reported no symptoms. Image texture analyses showed a significantly higher percentage of coagulum and lower percentage of liquid in the group in the GI symptom group (MD 11%, 95% CI [3.9, 17], p = 0.003). In vitro data suggests that pH and proteolytic enzyme activity influence the coagulum structure. CONCLUSIONS AND INFERENCES Gastric milk coagulation and emptied fraction of stomach content may differ between individuals experiencing symptoms after milk consumption, possibly due to differences in pH and proteolytic enzyme activity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Guido Camps
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Mathilde Guerville
- Nutrition Department, Lactalis Research and Development, Retiers, France
| | - Vincenzo Fogliano
- Food Quality & Design Group, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Kasper Hettinga
- Food Quality & Design Group, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Paul A M Smeets
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
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Shalileh F, Sabahi H, Golbashy M, Dadmehr M, Hosseini M. A simple smartphone-assisted paper-based colorimetric biosensor for the detection of urea adulteration in milk based on an environment-friendly pH-sensitive nanocomposite. Anal Chim Acta 2023; 1284:341935. [PMID: 37996167 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.341935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Urea is a common milk adulterant that falsely increases its protein content. Excessive consumption of urea is harmful to the kidney, liver, and gastrointestinal system. The conventional methods for urea detection in milk are time-consuming, costly, and require highly skilled operators. So, there is an increasing demand for the development of rapid, convenient, and cost-efficient methods for the detection of urea adulteration in milk. Herein, we report a novel colorimetric paper-based urea biosensor, consisting of a novel environment-friendly nanocomposite of halloysite nanotubes (HNT), that urease enzyme and an anthocyanin-rich extract, as a natural pH indicator are simultaneously immobilized into its internal and external surfaces. The biosensing mechanism of this biosensor is based on anthocyanin color change, which occurs due to urease-mediated hydrolysis of urea and pH increment of the environment. The colorimetric signal of this biosensor is measured through smartphone-assisted analysis of the mean RGB (Red-Green-Blue) intensity of samples and is capable of detecting urea with a detection limit of 0.2 mM, and a linear range from 0.5 to 100 mM. This biosensor has demonstrated promising results for the detection of urea in milk samples, in the presence of other milk adulterants and interferents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzaneh Shalileh
- Nanobiosensors Lab, Department of Life Science Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences & Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Sabahi
- Department of Life Science Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences & Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Golbashy
- Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, University of Khuzestan, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mehdi Dadmehr
- Department of Biology, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Morteza Hosseini
- Nanobiosensors Lab, Department of Life Science Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences & Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran; Medical Biomaterials Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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33
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Yu Y, Li X, Zhang J, Li X, Wang J, Sun B. Oat milk analogue versus traditional milk: Comprehensive evaluation of scientific evidence for processing techniques and health effects. Food Chem X 2023; 19:100859. [PMID: 37780279 PMCID: PMC10534225 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2023.100859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Milk, enriched with high-quality protein, is a healthy and nutritious food that meets people's needs. However, consumers are turning their attention to plant-based milk due to several concerns, such as lactose intolerance, allergies and some diseases caused by milk; carbon emission from cattle farming; economical aspects; and low access to vitamins and minerals. Oat milk, which is produced from whole grain oats, is lactose free and rich in a variety of nutrients and phytochemicals. With the significant development of food processing methods and advancement in milk simulation products, the production of plant-based milk, such as cereal milk, has greatly progressed. This review described some features of oat milk analogue versus traditional milk and compared the properties, processing technologies, health effects, environmental friendliness, and consumer acceptance of these products. It is expected to provide a reference for evaluating development trends and helping consumers choose between oat milk and traditional milk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghui Yu
- China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Nutrition and Health (Beijing); Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health (Beijing Technology and Business University), Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of Special Food Supervision Technology for State Market Regulation; China Food Flavor and Nutrition Health Innovation, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Xinping Li
- China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Nutrition and Health (Beijing); Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health (Beijing Technology and Business University), Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of Special Food Supervision Technology for State Market Regulation; China Food Flavor and Nutrition Health Innovation, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Jingjie Zhang
- China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Nutrition and Health (Beijing); Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health (Beijing Technology and Business University), Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of Special Food Supervision Technology for State Market Regulation; China Food Flavor and Nutrition Health Innovation, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Xiao Li
- Senior Department of Orthopedics, the Fourth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Jing Wang
- China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Nutrition and Health (Beijing); Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health (Beijing Technology and Business University), Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of Special Food Supervision Technology for State Market Regulation; China Food Flavor and Nutrition Health Innovation, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Baoguo Sun
- China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Nutrition and Health (Beijing); Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health (Beijing Technology and Business University), Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of Special Food Supervision Technology for State Market Regulation; China Food Flavor and Nutrition Health Innovation, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
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Hasanaliyeva G, Sufar EK, Wang J, Rempelos L, Volakakis N, Iversen PO, Leifert C. Effects of Agricultural Intensification on Mediterranean Diets: A Narrative Review. Foods 2023; 12:3779. [PMID: 37893672 PMCID: PMC10606286 DOI: 10.3390/foods12203779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Mediterranean diets (MedDiets) are linked to substantial health benefits. However, there is also growing evidence that the intensification of food production over the last 60 years has resulted in nutritionally relevant changes in the composition of foods that may augment the health benefits of MedDiets. OBJECTIVE To synthesize, summarize, and critically evaluate the currently available evidence for changes in food composition resulting from agricultural intensification practices and their potential impact on the health benefits of MedDiets. METHODS We summarized/synthesized information from (i) systematic literature reviews/meta-analyses and more recently published articles on composition differences between conventional and organic foods, (ii) desk studies which compared food composition data from before and after agricultural intensification, (iii) recent retail and farm surveys and/or factorial field experiments that identified specific agronomic practices responsible for nutritionally relevant changes in food composition, and (iv) a recent systematic literature review and a small number of subsequently published observational and dietary intervention studies that investigated the potential health impacts of changes in food composition resulting from agricultural intensification. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION There has been growing evidence that the intensification of food production has resulted in (i) lower concentrations of nutritionally desirable compounds (e.g., phenolics, certain vitamins, mineral micronutrients including Se, Zn, and omega-3 fatty acids, α-tocopherol) and/or (ii) higher concentrations of nutritionally undesirable or toxic compounds (pesticide residues, cadmium, omega-6 fatty acids) in many of the foods (including wholegrain cereals, fruit and vegetables, olive oil, dairy products and meat from small ruminants, and fish) that are thought to contribute to the health benefits associated with MedDiets. The evidence for negative health impacts of consuming foods from intensified conventional production systems has also increased but is still limited and based primarily on evidence from observational studies. Limitations and gaps in the current evidence base are discussed. Conclusions: There is now substantial evidence that the intensification of agricultural food production has resulted in a decline in the nutritional quality of many of the foods that are recognized to contribute to the positive health impacts associated with adhering to traditional MedDiets. Further research is needed to quantify to what extent this decline augments the positive health impacts of adhering to a traditional MedDiet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gultekin Hasanaliyeva
- School of Animal, Rural and Environmental Sciences, Brackenhurst Campus, Nottingham Trent University, Nottinghamshire NG25 0QF, UK
- Nafferton Ecological Farming Group, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK; (E.K.S.)
| | - Enas Khalid Sufar
- Nafferton Ecological Farming Group, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK; (E.K.S.)
| | - Juan Wang
- Nafferton Ecological Farming Group, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK; (E.K.S.)
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Leonidas Rempelos
- Nafferton Ecological Farming Group, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK; (E.K.S.)
- Lincoln Institute for Agri-Food Technology, University of Lincoln, Lincoln LN2 2LG, UK
| | - Nikolaos Volakakis
- Nafferton Ecological Farming Group, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK; (E.K.S.)
- Geokomi Plc, P.O. Box 21, GR70200 Sivas Festos, Greece
| | - Per Ole Iversen
- Department of Nutrition, IMB, University of Oslo, 0317 Oslo, Norway
- Department of Haematology, Oslo University Hospital, 0424 Oslo, Norway
| | - Carlo Leifert
- Department of Nutrition, IMB, University of Oslo, 0317 Oslo, Norway
- SCU Plant Science, Southern Cross University, Military Rd., Lismore, NSW 2480, Australia
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Newton EE, Theodoridou K, Terré M, Huws S, Ray P, Reynolds CK, Prat N, Sabrià D, Stergiadis S. Effect of dietary seaweed (Ascophyllum nodosum) supplementation on milk mineral concentrations, transfer efficiency, and hematological parameters in lactating Holstein cows. J Dairy Sci 2023; 106:6880-6893. [PMID: 37210373 PMCID: PMC10570403 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2022-23074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of feeding seaweed (Ascophyllum nodosum) to dairy cows on milk mineral concentrations, feed-to-milk mineral transfer efficiencies, and hematological parameters. Lactating Holstein cows (n = 46) were allocated to 1 of 2 diets (n = 23 each): (1) control (CON; without seaweed) and (2) seaweed (SWD; replacing 330 g/d of dried corn meal in CON with 330 g/d dried A. nodosum). All cows were fed the CON diet for 4 wk before the experiment (adaptation period), and animals were then fed the experimental diets for 9 wk. Samples included sequential 3-wk composite feed samples, a composite milk sample on the last day of each week, and a blood sample at the end of the study. Data were statistically analyzed using a linear mixed effects model with diet, week, and their interaction as fixed factors; cow (nested within diet) as a random factor; and data collected on the last day of the adaptation period as covariates. Feeding SWD increased milk concentrations of Mg (+6.6 mg/kg), P (+56 mg/kg), and I (+1,720 μg/kg). It also reduced transfer efficiency of Ca, Mg, P, K, Mn, and Zn, and increased transfer efficiency of Mo. Feeding SWD marginally reduced milk protein concentrations, whereas there was no effect of SWD feeding on cows' hematological parameters. Feeding A. nodosum increased milk I concentrations, which can be beneficial when feed I concentration is limited or in demographics or populations with increased risk of I deficiency (e.g., female adolescents, pregnant women, nursing mothers). However, care should also be taken when feeding SWD to dairy cows because, in the present study, milk I concentrations were particularly high and could result in I intakes that pose a health risk for children consuming milk.
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Affiliation(s)
- E E Newton
- School of Agriculture, Policy and Development, University of Reading, Reading, RG6 6EU, United Kingdom
| | - K Theodoridou
- Queen's University Belfast, Institute for Global Food Security, Belfast, BT9 5DL, United Kingdom.
| | - M Terré
- Department of Ruminant Production, Institute de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries, Caldes de Montbui, 08140, Spain
| | - S Huws
- Queen's University Belfast, Institute for Global Food Security, Belfast, BT9 5DL, United Kingdom
| | - P Ray
- The Nature Conservancy, Arlington, VA 22203
| | - C K Reynolds
- School of Agriculture, Policy and Development, University of Reading, Reading, RG6 6EU, United Kingdom
| | - N Prat
- Department of Ruminant Production, Institute de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries, Caldes de Montbui, 08140, Spain
| | - D Sabrià
- Department of Ruminant Production, Institute de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries, Caldes de Montbui, 08140, Spain
| | - S Stergiadis
- School of Agriculture, Policy and Development, University of Reading, Reading, RG6 6EU, United Kingdom.
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36
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Timlin M, Fitzpatrick E, McCarthy K, Tobin JT, Murphy EG, Pierce KM, Murphy JP, Hennessy D, O'Donovan M, Harbourne N, Brodkorb A, O'Callaghan TF. Impact of varying levels of pasture allowance on the nutritional quality and functionality of milk throughout lactation. J Dairy Sci 2023; 106:6597-6622. [PMID: 37532625 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2022-22921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to examine the impact of increasing proportions of grazed pasture in the diet on the composition, quality, and functionality of bovine milk across a full lactation. Fifty-four spring-calving cows were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 groups (n = 18), blocked on the basis of mean calving date (February 15, 2020 ± 0.8 d), pre-experimental daily milk yield (24.70 ± 3.70 kg), milk solids yield (2.30 ± 0.27 kg), lactation number (3.10 ± 0.13), and economic breeding index (182 ± 19). Raw milk samples were obtained weekly from each group between March and November 2020. Group 1 (GRS) consumed perennial ryegrass and was supplemented with 5% concentrates (dry matter basis); group 2 was maintained indoors and consumed a total mixed ration (TMR) diet consisting of maize silage, grass silage, and concentrates; and group 3 consumed a partial mixed ration diet (PMR), rotating between perennial ryegrass during the day and indoor TMR feeding at night. Raw milk samples consisted of a pooled morning and evening milking and were analyzed for gross composition, free amino acids, fatty acid composition, heat coagulation time, color, fat globule size, and pH. The TMR milks had a significantly higher total solids, lactose, protein, and whey protein as a proportion of protein content compared with both GRS and PMR milks. The GRS milks demonstrated a significantly lower somatic cell count (SCC), but a significantly higher pH and b*-value than both TMR and PMR milks. The PMR milks exhibited significantly lower total solids and fat content, but also demonstrated significantly higher SCC and total free amino acid content compared with GRS and TMR. Partial least squares discriminant analysis of fatty acid profiles displayed a distinct separation between GRS and TMR samples, while PMR displayed an overlap between both GRS and TMR groupings. Variable importance in projection analysis identified conjugated linoleic acid cis-9,trans-11, C18:2n-6 cis, C18:3n-3, C11:0, and C18:2n-6 trans as the largest contributors to the variation between the diets. Milk fats derived from GRS diets exhibited the highest proportion of unsaturated fats and higher unsaturation, health-promoting, and desaturase indices. The lowest proportions of saturated fats and the lowest atherogenic index were also exhibited by GRS-derived milk fats. This work highlights the positive influence of grass-fed milk for human consumption through its more nutritionally beneficial fatty acid profile, despite the highest milk solid percentages derived from TMR feeding systems. Furthermore, this study demonstrates the proportional response of previously highlighted biomarkers of pasture feeding to the proportion of pasture in the cow's diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Timlin
- Teagasc Moorepark Food Research Centre, Fermoy, Co. Cork, Ireland P61 C996; School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland D04 V1W8; Food for Health Ireland, University College Dublin, Ireland D04 V1W8
| | - Ellen Fitzpatrick
- Teagasc, Environmental Research Centre, Johnstown Castle, Wexford, Ireland Y35 Y521
| | - Kieran McCarthy
- Teagasc, Animal and Grassland Research and Innovation Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co. Cork, Ireland P61 P302
| | - John T Tobin
- Teagasc Moorepark Food Research Centre, Fermoy, Co. Cork, Ireland P61 C996
| | - Eoin G Murphy
- Teagasc Moorepark Food Research Centre, Fermoy, Co. Cork, Ireland P61 C996; Food for Health Ireland, University College Dublin, Ireland D04 V1W8
| | - Karina M Pierce
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland D04 V1W8; Food for Health Ireland, University College Dublin, Ireland D04 V1W8
| | - John P Murphy
- Teagasc, Animal and Grassland Research and Innovation Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co. Cork, Ireland P61 P302
| | - Deirdre Hennessy
- Teagasc, Animal and Grassland Research and Innovation Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co. Cork, Ireland P61 P302; School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland T23 N73K
| | - Michael O'Donovan
- Teagasc, Animal and Grassland Research and Innovation Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co. Cork, Ireland P61 P302
| | - Niamh Harbourne
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland D04 V1W8
| | - André Brodkorb
- Teagasc Moorepark Food Research Centre, Fermoy, Co. Cork, Ireland P61 C996; Food for Health Ireland, University College Dublin, Ireland D04 V1W8.
| | - Tom F O'Callaghan
- Food for Health Ireland, University College Dublin, Ireland D04 V1W8; School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland T12 K8AF
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Singh A, Malla WA, Kumar A, Jain A, Thakur MS, Khare V, Tiwari SP. Review: genetic background of milk fatty acid synthesis in bovines. Trop Anim Health Prod 2023; 55:328. [PMID: 37749432 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-023-03754-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
Milk fat composition is an important trait for the dairy industry as it directly influences the nutritional and technological properties of milk and other dairy products. The synthesis of milk fat is a complex process regulated by a network of genes. Thus, understanding the genetic variation and molecular mechanisms regulating milk fat synthesis will help to improve the nutritional quality of dairy products. In this review, we provide an overview of milk fat synthesis in bovines along with the candidate genes involved in the pathway. We also discuss de novo synthesis of fatty acids (ACSS, ACACA, FASN), uptake of FAs (FATP, FAT, LPL), intracellular activation and channelling of FAs (ACSL, FABP), elongation (EVOLV6), desaturation (SCD, FADS), formation of triglycerides (GPAM, AGPAT, LIPIN, DGAT), and milk lipid secretion (BTN1A1, XDH, PLIN2). The genetic variability of individual fatty acids will help to develop selection strategies for obtaining a healthier milk fat profile in bovines. Thus, this review will offer a potential understanding of the molecular mechanisms that regulate milk fat synthesis in bovines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akansha Singh
- College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, NDVSU, Jabalpur, M.P, 482001, India.
| | - Waseem Akram Malla
- ICMR-National Institute of Malaria Research, Field Unit Guwahati, Assam, 781022, India
| | - Amit Kumar
- ICAR- Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, U.P, 243122, India
| | - Asit Jain
- College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, NDVSU, Jabalpur, M.P, 482001, India
| | - Mohan Singh Thakur
- College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, NDVSU, Jabalpur, M.P, 482001, India
| | - Vaishali Khare
- College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, NDVSU, Jabalpur, M.P, 482001, India
| | - Sita Prasad Tiwari
- College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, NDVSU, Jabalpur, M.P, 482001, India
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Weinisch P, Raffler J, Römisch-Margl W, Arnold M, Mohney RP, Rist MJ, Prehn C, Skurk T, Hauner H, Daniel H, Suhre K, Kastenmüller G. The HuMet Repository: Watching human metabolism at work. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.08.08.550079. [PMID: 37609175 PMCID: PMC10441358 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.08.550079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
The human metabolism constantly responds to stimuli such as food intake, fasting, exercise, and stress, triggering adaptive biochemical processes across multiple metabolic pathways. To understand the role of these processes and disruptions thereof in health and disease, detailed documentation of healthy metabolic responses is needed but still scarce on a time-resolved metabolome-wide level. Here, we present the HuMet Repository, a web-based resource for exploring dynamic metabolic responses to six physiological challenges (exercise, 36 h fasting, oral glucose and lipid loads, mixed meal, cold stress) in healthy subjects. For building this resource, we integrated existing and newly derived metabolomics data measured in blood, urine, and breath samples of 15 young healthy men at up to 56 time points during the six highly standardized challenge tests conducted over four days. The data comprise 1.1 million data points acquired on multiple platforms with temporal profiles of 2,656 metabolites from a broad range of biochemical pathways. By embedding the dataset into an interactive web application, we enable users to easily access, search, filter, analyze, and visualize the time-resolved metabolomic readouts and derived results. Users can put metabolites into their larger context by identifying metabolites with similar trajectories or by visualizing metabolites within holistic metabolic networks to pinpoint pathways of interest. In three showcases, we outline the value of the repository for gaining biological insights and generating hypotheses by analyzing the wash-out of dietary markers, the complementarity of metabolomics platforms in dynamic versus cross-sectional data, and similarities and differences in systemic metabolic responses across challenges. With its comprehensive collection of time-resolved metabolomics data, the HuMet Repository, freely accessible at https://humet.org/, is a reference for normal, healthy responses to metabolic challenges in young males. It will enable researchers with and without computational expertise, to flexibly query the data for their own research into the dynamics of human metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Weinisch
- Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Johannes Raffler
- Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Digital Medicine, University Hospital of Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Werner Römisch-Margl
- Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Matthias Arnold
- Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - Manuela J. Rist
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry of Nutrition, Max Rubner-Institut, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Cornelia Prehn
- Metabolomics and Proteomics Core, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Skurk
- ZIEL Institute for Food and Health, Core Facility Human Studies, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
- Else Kröner Fresenius Center of Nutritional Medicine, Department of Food and Nutrition, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Hans Hauner
- Else Kröner Fresenius Center of Nutritional Medicine, Department of Food and Nutrition, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
- Institute for Nutritional Medicine, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Hannelore Daniel
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Karsten Suhre
- Department of Biophysics and Physiology, Weill Cornell Medicine - Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | - Gabi Kastenmüller
- Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
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Rahman N, Nkwonta CG, Danaher M, Richards KG, Hogan SA, Cummins E, O' Neill M, Ray A, Byrne MP, Forrestal PJ. Measurement of grass uptake of the urease inhibitor NBPT and of the nitrification inhibitor dicyandiamide co-applied with granular urea. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:85482-85493. [PMID: 37389750 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-28151-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
Grass uptake and phytoaccumulation factors of N-(n-butyl) thiophosphoric triamide (NBPT) and dicyandiamide (DCD) were quantified. Following the application of urea fertilizer treated with the inhibitors in Irish grassland, grass samples were collected at 5, 10, 15, 20, and 30 day time intervals following five application cycles. Uptake of NBPT by grass was below the limit of quantitation of the analytical method (0.010 mg NBPT kg-1). Dicyandiamide concentrations in grass ranged from 0.004 to 28 mg kg-1 with the highest concentrations measured on days 5 and 10. A reducing trend in concentration was found after day 15. The DCD phytoaccumulation factor was ranged from 0.004% to 1.1% showing that DCD can be taken up by grass at low levels when co-applied with granular urea. In contrast, NBPT was not detected indicating that grass uptake is unlikely when co-applied with granular urea fertilizer. The contrasting results are likely due to very different longevity of DCD and NBPT along with the much lower rate of NBPT, which is used compared with DCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niharika Rahman
- Teagasc - The Irish Agriculture and Food Development Authority, Environment Research Centre, Johnstown Castle, Y35 TC97, Co. Wexford, Ireland.
| | - Chikere G Nkwonta
- School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, LS2 9JT, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Martin Danaher
- Teagasc - The Irish Agriculture and Food Development Authority, Food Safety Department, Food Research Centre, Ashtown, D15KN3K, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Karl G Richards
- Teagasc - The Irish Agriculture and Food Development Authority, Environment Research Centre, Johnstown Castle, Y35 TC97, Co. Wexford, Ireland
| | - Sean A Hogan
- Teagasc- The Irish Agriculture and Food Development Authority, Moorepark Food Research Centre, Cork, Ireland
| | - Enda Cummins
- School of Biosystems and Food Engineering, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, 4, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Macdara O' Neill
- Teagasc - The Irish Agriculture and Food Development Authority, Environment Research Centre, Johnstown Castle, Y35 TC97, Co. Wexford, Ireland
| | - Aishwarya Ray
- School of Biosystems and Food Engineering, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, 4, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Maria P Byrne
- Teagasc- The Irish Agriculture and Food Development Authority, Moorepark Food Research Centre, Cork, Ireland
| | - Patrick J Forrestal
- Teagasc - The Irish Agriculture and Food Development Authority, Environment Research Centre, Johnstown Castle, Y35 TC97, Co. Wexford, Ireland
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Starkute V, Lukseviciute J, Klupsaite D, Mockus E, Klementaviciute J, Rocha JM, Özogul F, Ruzauskas M, Viskelis P, Bartkiene E. Characteristics of Unripened Cow Milk Curd Cheese Enriched with Raspberry ( Rubus idaeus), Blueberry ( Vaccinium myrtillus) and Elderberry ( Sambucus nigra) Industry By-Products. Foods 2023; 12:2860. [PMID: 37569128 PMCID: PMC10417324 DOI: 10.3390/foods12152860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to apply raspberry (Ras), blueberry (Blu) and elderberry (Eld) industry by-products (BIB) for unripened cow milk curd cheese (U-CC) enrichment. Firstly, antimicrobial properties of the BIBs were tested, and the effects of the immobilization in agar technology on BIB properties were evaluated. Further, non-immobilized (NI) and agar-immobilized (AI) BIBs were applied for U-CC enrichment, and their influence on U-CC parameters were analyzed. It was established that the tested BIBs possess desirable antimicrobial (raspberry BIB inhibited 7 out of 10 tested pathogens) and antioxidant activities (the highest total phenolic compounds (TPC) content was displayed by NI elderberry BIB 143.6 mg GAE/100 g). The addition of BIBs to U-CC increased TPC content and DPPH- (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl)-radical scavenging activity of the U-CC (the highest TPC content was found in C-RaNI 184.5 mg/100 g, and strong positive correlation between TPC and DPPH- of the U-CC was found, r = 0.658). The predominant fatty acid group in U-CC was saturated fatty acids (SFA); however, the lowest content of SFA was unfolded in C-EldAI samples (in comparison with C, on average, by 1.6 times lower). The highest biogenic amine content was attained in C-EldAI (104.1 mg/kg). In total, 43 volatile compounds (VC) were identified in U-CC, and, in all cases, a broader spectrum of VCs was observed in U-CC enriched with BIBs. After 10 days of storage, the highest enterobacteria number was in C-BluNI (1.88 log10 CFU/g). All U-CC showed similar overall acceptability (on average, 8.34 points); however, the highest intensity of the emotion "happy" was expressed by testing C-EldNI. Finally, the BIBs are prospective ingredients for U-CC enrichment in a sustainable manner and improved nutritional traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vytaute Starkute
- Department of Food Safety and Quality, Faculty of Veterinary, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilzes Str. 18, LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania; (V.S.); (J.L.)
- Faculty of Animal Sciences, Institute of Animal Rearing Technologies, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilzes Str. 18, LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania; (D.K.); (E.M.); (J.K.)
| | - Justina Lukseviciute
- Department of Food Safety and Quality, Faculty of Veterinary, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilzes Str. 18, LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania; (V.S.); (J.L.)
| | - Dovile Klupsaite
- Faculty of Animal Sciences, Institute of Animal Rearing Technologies, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilzes Str. 18, LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania; (D.K.); (E.M.); (J.K.)
| | - Ernestas Mockus
- Faculty of Animal Sciences, Institute of Animal Rearing Technologies, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilzes Str. 18, LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania; (D.K.); (E.M.); (J.K.)
| | - Jolita Klementaviciute
- Faculty of Animal Sciences, Institute of Animal Rearing Technologies, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilzes Str. 18, LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania; (D.K.); (E.M.); (J.K.)
| | - João Miguel Rocha
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF—Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina—Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal;
- Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy (LEPABE), Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto (FEUP), Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, s/n, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering (ALiCE), Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, s/n, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Fatih Özogul
- Department of Seafood Processing Technology, Faculty of Fisheries, Cukurova University, Balcali, Adana 01330, Turkey;
- Biotechnology Research and Application Center, Cukurova University, Balcali, Adana 01330, Turkey
| | - Modestas Ruzauskas
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilzes Str. 18, LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania;
- Faculty of Veterinary, Institute of Microbiology and Virology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilzes Str. 18, LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Pranas Viskelis
- Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Institute of Horticulture, Kauno Str. 30, LT-54333 Babtai, Lithuania;
| | - Elena Bartkiene
- Department of Food Safety and Quality, Faculty of Veterinary, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilzes Str. 18, LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania; (V.S.); (J.L.)
- Faculty of Animal Sciences, Institute of Animal Rearing Technologies, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilzes Str. 18, LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania; (D.K.); (E.M.); (J.K.)
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Chunder R, Heider T, Kuerten S. The prevalence of IgG antibodies against milk and milk antigens in patients with multiple sclerosis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1202006. [PMID: 37492579 PMCID: PMC10364054 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1202006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS). The pathophysiology of MS is complex and is said to be influenced by multiple environmental determinants, including diet. We and others have previously demonstrated how consumption of bovine milk can aggravate disease severity in MS patients, which can be explained by molecular mimicry between milk antigens and those expressed within the CNS. In this study we set out to identify alternatives to drinking cow milk which might be less detrimental to MS patients who have a genetic predisposition towards developing antibody titers against bovine milk antigens that cross-react with CNS antigens. Methods To this end, we screened 35 patients with MS and 20 healthy controls for their IgG reactivity against an array of animal-sourced milk, plant-based alternatives as well as individual antigens from bovine milk. Results We demonstrate that MS patients have a significantly higher IgG response to animal-sourced milk, especially cow milk, in comparison to healthy donors. We also show that the reactivity to cow milk in MS patients can be attributed to reactivity against different bovine milk antigens. Finally, our correlation data indicate the co-existence of antibodies to individual bovine milk antigens and their corresponding cross-reactive CNS antigens. Discussion Taken together, we suggest screening of blood from MS patients for antibodies against different types of milk and milk antigens in order to establish a personalized diet regimen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rittika Chunder
- Institute of Neuroanatomy, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Thorsten Heider
- Clinic for Neurology, Klinikum St. Marien Amberg, Amberg, Germany
| | - Stefanie Kuerten
- Institute of Neuroanatomy, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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Zhao Y, Zhao H, Li L, Tan J, Wang Y, Liu M, Jiang L. Multi-omics analysis reveals that the metabolite profile of raw milk is associated with dairy cows' health status. Food Chem 2023; 428:136813. [PMID: 37421666 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.136813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
The metabolic status of dairy cows directly influences the nutritional quality and flavor of raw milk. A comprehensive comparison of non-volatile metabolites and volatile compounds in raw milk from healthy and subclinical ketosis (SCK) cows was performed using LC-MS, GC-FID, and HS-SPME/GC-MS. SCK can significantly alter the profiles of water-soluble non-volatile metabolites, lipids, and volatile compounds of raw milk. Compared with healthy cows, milk from SCK cows had higher contents of tyrosine, leucine, isoleucine, galactose-1-phosphate, carnitine, citrate, phosphatidylethanolamine species, acetone, 2-butanone, hexanal, dimethyl disulfide and lower content of creatinine, taurine, choline, α-ketoglutaric acid, fumarate, triglyceride species, ethyl butanoate, ethyl acetate, and heptanal. The percentage of polyunsaturated fatty acids in milk was lowered in SCK cows. Our results suggest that SCK can change milk metabolite profiles, disrupt the lipid composition of milk fat globule membrane, decrease the nutritional value, and increase the volatile compounds associated with off-flavors in milk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchao Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Dairy Cow Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China; Beijing Beinong Enterprise Management Co., Ltd., Beijing 102206, China; College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100183 China
| | - Huiying Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Dairy Cow Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Liuxue Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Dairy Cow Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Jian Tan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Dairy Cow Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Dairy Cow Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Ming Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Dairy Cow Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Linshu Jiang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Dairy Cow Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China.
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Santini G, Klimanova Y, Pucciarelli S, Polzonetti V, Cespi M, Romano Perinelli D, Polidori P, Cognigni L, Fioretti L, Renzi S, Vincenzetti S. Effects of different steam injection conditions on cappuccino's nutritional profile. Food Chem 2023; 428:136757. [PMID: 37413839 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.136757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
The quality parameters of cappuccinos prepared with pasteurized milk or ultra-high-temperature milk steam-injected at different temperatures by a professional coffee machine have been assessed. In particular, the protein profile, the content of vitamins and lactose, the lipid peroxidation process, and the involvement of milk proteins in the foam formation were evaluated. The nutritional quality of milk seems not affected by the steam injection treatment carried out at a temperature of 60-65 °C, but at higher temperatures a decrement of lactoperoxidase, vitamin B6 and folic acid was observed. The milk used in cappuccino preparation is very important: pasteurized milk can form a more consistent and lasting foam with respect to ultra-high-temperature milk because of the presence of β-lactoglobulin and lactoferrin, both playing an important role in the foam formation and stability. This work would provide additional information to the coffee industry for the preparation of high nutritional and organoleptic quality cappuccinos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Santini
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine via Gentile III da Varano, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, MC, Italy; Simonelli Group, Via Emilio Betti, 62020, Belforte del Chienti, MC, Italy
| | - Yulia Klimanova
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine via Gentile III da Varano, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, MC, Italy
| | - Stefania Pucciarelli
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine via Gentile III da Varano, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, MC, Italy
| | - Valeria Polzonetti
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine via Gentile III da Varano, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, MC, Italy
| | - Marco Cespi
- School of Pharmacy, Via Madonna delle Carceri, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, MC, Italy
| | - Diego Romano Perinelli
- School of Pharmacy, Via Madonna delle Carceri, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, MC, Italy
| | - Paolo Polidori
- School of Pharmacy, Via Madonna delle Carceri, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, MC, Italy
| | - Luca Cognigni
- Simonelli Group, Via Emilio Betti, 62020, Belforte del Chienti, MC, Italy
| | - Lauro Fioretti
- Simonelli Group, Via Emilio Betti, 62020, Belforte del Chienti, MC, Italy
| | - Sofia Renzi
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine via Gentile III da Varano, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, MC, Italy
| | - Silvia Vincenzetti
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine via Gentile III da Varano, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, MC, Italy.
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44
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Korkus E, Szustak M, Madaj R, Chworos A, Drzazga A, Koziołkiewicz M, Dąbrowski G, Czaplicki S, Konopka I, Gendaszewska-Darmach E. Trans-palmitoleic acid, a dairy fat biomarker, stimulates insulin secretion and activates G protein-coupled receptors with a different mechanism from the cis isomer. Food Funct 2023. [PMID: 37368452 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo03412c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Dietary trans-palmitoleic acid (trans 16:1n-7, tPOA), a biomarker for high-fat dairy product intake, has been associated with a lower risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in some cross-sectional and prospective epidemiological studies. Here, we investigated the insulin secretion-promoting activity of tPOA and compared them with the effects evoked by the cis-POA isomer (cPOA), an endogenous lipokine biosynthesized in the liver and adipose tissue, and found in some natural food sources. The debate about the positive and negative relationships of those two POA isomers with metabolic risk factors and the underlying mechanisms is still going on. Therefore, we examined the potency of both POA isomers to potentiate insulin secretion in murine and human pancreatic β cell lines. We also investigated whether POA isomers activate G protein-coupled receptors proposed as potential targets for T2DM treatment. We show that tPOA and cPOA augment glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) to a similar extent; however, their insulin secretagogue activity is associated with different signaling pathways. We also performed ligand docking and molecular dynamics simulations to predict the preferred orientation of POA isomers and the strength of association between those two fatty acids and GPR40, GPR55, GPR119, and GPR120 receptors. Overall, this study provides insight into the bioactivity of tPOA and cPOA toward selected GPCR functions, indicating them as targets responsible for the insulin secretagogue action of POA isomers. It reveals that both tPOA and cPOA may promote insulin secretion and subsequently regulate glucose homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliza Korkus
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Institute of Molecular and Industrial Biotechnology, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego 2/22, 90-537 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Marcin Szustak
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Institute of Molecular and Industrial Biotechnology, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego 2/22, 90-537 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Rafal Madaj
- Division of Bioorganic Chemistry Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza, 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology, Faculty of Biology, Biological and Chemical Research Centre, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Arkadiusz Chworos
- Division of Bioorganic Chemistry Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza, 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland
| | - Anna Drzazga
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Institute of Molecular and Industrial Biotechnology, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego 2/22, 90-537 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Maria Koziołkiewicz
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Institute of Molecular and Industrial Biotechnology, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego 2/22, 90-537 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Grzegorz Dąbrowski
- Faculty of Food Sciences, Chair of Plant Food Chemistry and Processing, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Pl. Cieszyński 1, 10-957 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Sylwester Czaplicki
- Faculty of Food Sciences, Chair of Plant Food Chemistry and Processing, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Pl. Cieszyński 1, 10-957 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Iwona Konopka
- Faculty of Food Sciences, Chair of Plant Food Chemistry and Processing, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Pl. Cieszyński 1, 10-957 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Edyta Gendaszewska-Darmach
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Institute of Molecular and Industrial Biotechnology, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego 2/22, 90-537 Lodz, Poland.
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45
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Smith D, Petersson K, Peterson ML. Determining the Effects of Pelleted Cranberry Vine Grains on the Ewe and Offspring during Pregnancy and Lactation. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:1989. [PMID: 37370499 DOI: 10.3390/ani13121989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
When creating any new anti-parasitic interventions, it is important to evaluate their effects across all life stages. This study had three objectives, which were to evaluate the effect of feeding cranberry vine pellet (CVP) on (1) ewes' body weights and BCS during late gestation and lactation; (2) ewes' milk quality during lactation; and (3) lambs' body weight and growth parameters from birth to 65 days of age. Across two years, 41 Dorset ewes were fed either a 50% CVP or a matching control pellet (CON) from 104 ± 1.60 days of gestation for 62.8 ± 0.68 days of lactation. Measurements were collected from ewes (BW, BCS, and milk) and lambs (BW and body size). Milk from CVP ewes exhibited reduced milk fat and solids (p < 0.01) and increased concentrations of milk urea nitrogen (p = 0.02) when evaluated for the treatment-time. There was no significant difference in the BCS, protein, lamb BW, or growth measurements for treatment-time (p ≥ 0.05). Additional research that targets blood biochemistry and metabolic assessments is needed to fully determine the impact of this pellet on ewes and lambs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delaney Smith
- Department of Fisheries, Animal, and Veterinary Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
| | - Katherine Petersson
- Department of Fisheries, Animal, and Veterinary Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
| | - Maria L Peterson
- Department of Fisheries, Animal, and Veterinary Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
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Abd Rahman MR, Hassan Z, Hassan MS, Hashim R, Wong LS, Leong WY, Syd Jaafar SH, Salvamani S. Enhanced Goat Milk MUFA Quality via Date Pit Supplementation: A Time-Based Pattern Recognition Analysis Utilizing Agricultural Waste Byproduct. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE 2023; 2023:1797017. [PMID: 37350796 PMCID: PMC10284659 DOI: 10.1155/2023/1797017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
Date pits are agricultural waste byproducts and are available in tons yearly. Milk MUFAs are lipids beneficial for health and sorted out for food product development. This work is aimed at researching the effect of supplementing dairy goats with date pit powder (DPP) as a source of fatty acids (FA), an alternative to enhancing the unsaturated FA in milk and analysed via chemometrics in a 3-month supplementation-based study. Saanen-Boer crossed dairy goats were divided into six groups comprising of control, 10 g and 20 g both for Ajwa DPP (high-quality dates) and Mariami DPP (agricultural waste byproduct), and another 30 g for Mariami DPP only. The supplementation exercise was done daily on each dairy goat. The DPP and milk samples were analysed for its FA profile applying GC-FID and followed by chemometric techniques, namely, PCA and PLS. Results indicated that the n-6/n-3 ratio was the highest for the unsupplemented group compared to the DPP-treated goats with lower n-6/n-3 ratios. The M30 group showcased the most promising health-related class of FAs viewed by 3D PCA and PLS model clustering patterns, in particular monounsaturated FA (MUFA) (C18:1n9c or oleic acid). These results suggest that Mariami DPP supplementation at higher doses and time to lactating Saanen-Boer cross goats can be a means to milk FA quantity and quality enhancement and that chemometrics via pattern recognition can be useful statistical tools when dealing with overwhelming data.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. R. Abd Rahman
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, INTI International University, Persiaran Perdana Bandar Baru Nilai, Putra Nilai, 71800 Nilai, N. Sembilan, Malaysia
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Bandar Baru Nilai, 71800 Nilai, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
| | - Z. Hassan
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Bandar Baru Nilai, 71800 Nilai, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
| | - M. S. Hassan
- Department of Industrial Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Bandar Baru Nilai, 71800 Nilai, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
| | - R. Hashim
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Bandar Baru Nilai, 71800 Nilai, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
| | - L. S. Wong
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, INTI International University, Persiaran Perdana Bandar Baru Nilai, Putra Nilai, 71800 Nilai, N. Sembilan, Malaysia
| | - W. Y. Leong
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, INTI International University, Persiaran Perdana Bandar Baru Nilai, Putra Nilai, 71800 Nilai, N. Sembilan, Malaysia
| | - S. H. Syd Jaafar
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Bandar Baru Nilai, 71800 Nilai, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
| | - S. Salvamani
- School of Health Sciences, International Medical University, Bukit Jalil, 57000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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47
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Zhong Y, Wang X, Zhao X, Shen J, Wu X, Gao P, Yang P, Chen J, An W. Multifunctional Milk-Derived Small Extracellular Vesicles and Their Biomedical Applications. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1418. [PMID: 37242660 PMCID: PMC10223436 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15051418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) have been regarded as the next generation of novel delivery systems after lipid nanoparticles because of their advantages and huge prospects in drug delivery. Studies have shown that sEVs are abundant in milk and therefore can be a large and economical source of sEVs. Natural milk-derived small extracellular vesicles (msEVs) have important functions such as immune regulation, anti-bacterial infection, anti-oxidative, etc., and play a beneficial role in human health at multiple levels, including intestinal health, bone/muscle metabolism, and microbiota regulation. In addition, because they can pass the gastrointestinal barrier and have low immunogenicity, good biocompatibility, and stability, msEVs are considered a crucial oral drug delivery vehicle. Moreover, msEVs can be further engineered for targeted delivery to prolong the circulation time or enhance local drug concentrations. However, msEVs separation and purification, complex contents, and quality control hinder their application in drug delivery. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the biogenesis and characteristics, isolation and purification, composition, loading methods, and function of msEVs, based on which their applications in biomedical fields are further explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youxiu Zhong
- Wenlin An’s Laboratory, National Vaccine & Serum Institute (NVSI), China National Biotech Group (CNBG), Sinopharm Group, No. 38 Jing Hai Second Road, Beijing 101111, China
| | - Xudong Wang
- Wenlin An’s Laboratory, National Vaccine & Serum Institute (NVSI), China National Biotech Group (CNBG), Sinopharm Group, No. 38 Jing Hai Second Road, Beijing 101111, China
| | - Xian Zhao
- Wenlin An’s Laboratory, National Vaccine & Serum Institute (NVSI), China National Biotech Group (CNBG), Sinopharm Group, No. 38 Jing Hai Second Road, Beijing 101111, China
| | - Jiuheng Shen
- Wenlin An’s Laboratory, National Vaccine & Serum Institute (NVSI), China National Biotech Group (CNBG), Sinopharm Group, No. 38 Jing Hai Second Road, Beijing 101111, China
| | - Xue Wu
- Wenlin An’s Laboratory, National Vaccine & Serum Institute (NVSI), China National Biotech Group (CNBG), Sinopharm Group, No. 38 Jing Hai Second Road, Beijing 101111, China
| | - Peifen Gao
- Wenlin An’s Laboratory, National Vaccine & Serum Institute (NVSI), China National Biotech Group (CNBG), Sinopharm Group, No. 38 Jing Hai Second Road, Beijing 101111, China
| | - Peng Yang
- Wenlin An’s Laboratory, National Vaccine & Serum Institute (NVSI), China National Biotech Group (CNBG), Sinopharm Group, No. 38 Jing Hai Second Road, Beijing 101111, China
| | - Junge Chen
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering Medicine & Shenzhen Institute of Beihang University, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Wenlin An
- Wenlin An’s Laboratory, National Vaccine & Serum Institute (NVSI), China National Biotech Group (CNBG), Sinopharm Group, No. 38 Jing Hai Second Road, Beijing 101111, China
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48
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Sajjanar B, Aalam MT, Khan O, Tanuj GN, Sahoo AP, Manjunathareddy GB, Gandham RK, Dhara SK, Gupta PK, Mishra BP, Dutt T, Singh G. Genome-wide expression analysis reveals different heat shock responses in indigenous (Bos indicus) and crossbred (Bos indicus X Bos taurus) cattle. Genes Environ 2023; 45:17. [PMID: 37127630 PMCID: PMC10152620 DOI: 10.1186/s41021-023-00271-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Environmental heat stress in dairy cattle leads to poor health, reduced milk production and decreased reproductive efficiency. Multiple genes interact and coordinate the response to overcome the impact of heat stress. The present study identified heat shock regulated genes in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). Genome-wide expression patterns for cellular stress response were compared between two genetically distinct groups of cattle viz., Hariana (B. indicus) and Vrindavani (B. indicus X B. taurus). In addition to major heat shock response genes, oxidative stress and immune response genes were also found to be affected by heat stress. Heat shock proteins such as HSPH1, HSPB8, FKB4, DNAJ4 and SERPINH1 were up-regulated at higher fold change in Vrindavani compared to Hariana cattle. The oxidative stress response genes (HMOX1, BNIP3, RHOB and VEGFA) and immune response genes (FSOB, GADD45B and JUN) were up-regulated in Vrindavani whereas the same were down-regulated in Hariana cattle. The enrichment analysis of dysregulated genes revealed the biological functions and signaling pathways that were affected by heat stress. Overall, these results show distinct cellular responses to heat stress in two different genetic groups of cattle. This also highlight the long-term adaptation of B. indicus (Hariana) to tropical climate as compared to the crossbred (Vrindavani) with mixed genetic makeup (B. indicus X B. taurus).
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Affiliation(s)
- Basavaraj Sajjanar
- Veterinary Biotechnology Division, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, 243122, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Mohd Tanzeel Aalam
- Veterinary Biotechnology Division, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, 243122, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Owais Khan
- Veterinary Biotechnology Division, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, 243122, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Gunturu Narasimha Tanuj
- Veterinary Biotechnology Division, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, 243122, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Aditya Prasad Sahoo
- ICAR- Directorate of Foot and Mouth Disease, Bhubaneswar, 752050, Odisha, India
| | | | - Ravi Kumar Gandham
- Veterinary Biotechnology Division, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, 243122, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sujoy K Dhara
- Veterinary Biotechnology Division, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, 243122, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Praveen K Gupta
- Veterinary Biotechnology Division, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, 243122, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Bishnu Prasad Mishra
- ICAR-National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal, 132001, Haryana, India
| | - Triveni Dutt
- Veterinary Biotechnology Division, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, 243122, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Gyanendra Singh
- Physiology and Climatology Division, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, 243122, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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49
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Ning J, Cao X, Yue X, Yang M. Quantitative phosphoproteome analysis reveals differential whey phosphoproteins of bovine milk during lactation. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 234:123681. [PMID: 36801229 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Whey proteins in bovine milk, as the most widely used nutritional components for infant formulae, have been paid more attention. However, the phosphorylation of proteins in bovine whey during lactation has not been thoroughly researched. In this study, a total of 185 phosphorylation sites on 72 phosphoproteins were identified in bovine whey during lactation. 45 differentially expressed whey phosphoproteins (DEWPPs) in colostrum and mature milk were focused on by bioinformatics approaches. Gene Ontology annotation indicated that blood coagulation, extractive space, and protein binding played a key role in bovine milk. The critical pathway of DEWPPs was related to the immune system according to KEGG analysis. Our study investigated the biological functions of whey proteins from a phosphorylation perspective for the first time. The results elucidate and increase our knowledge of differentially phosphorylation sites and phosphoproteins in bovine whey during lactation. Additionally, the data might offer fresh insight into the development of whey protein nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianting Ning
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Xueyan Cao
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Xiqing Yue
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Mei Yang
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China.
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50
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Saberi Riseh R, Gholizadeh Vazvani M, Hassanisaadi M, Thakur VK, Kennedy JF. Use of whey protein as a natural polymer for the encapsulation of plant biocontrol bacteria: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 234:123708. [PMID: 36806771 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
Climate changes, drought, the salinity of water and soil, the emergence of new breeds of pests and pathogens, the industrialization of countries, and environmental contamination are among the factors limiting the production of agricultural products. The use of chemicals (in the form of fertilizers, pesticides and fungicides) to enhance products against biotic and abiotic stresses has limitations. To eliminate the effects of agricultural chemicals, synthetic agrochemicals should be replaced with natural substances and useful microorganisms. To be more effective and efficient, plant biocontrol bacteria need a coating layer around themselves to protect them from adverse conditions. Whey protein, a valuable by-product of the cheese industry, is one of the important natural polymers. Due to its high protein content, safety, and biodegradability, whey can have many applications in agriculture and encapsulation of bacteria to resist pests and plant diseases. This compound is a rich source of amino acids that can activate plant defense systems and defense enzymes. Considering the amazing potentialities of formulation whey protein, this review attends to the efficiency of whey protein as coating layers on fruit and vegetables and in the packaging system to increase the shelf life of agricultural products against phytopathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roohallah Saberi Riseh
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan, 7718897111 Rafsanjan, Iran.
| | - Mozhgan Gholizadeh Vazvani
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan, 7718897111 Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Mohadeseh Hassanisaadi
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan, 7718897111 Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Vijay Kumar Thakur
- Biorefining and Advanced Materials Research Center, Scotland's Rural College (SRUC), Edinburgh EH9 3JG, UK; School of Engineering, University of Petroleum & Energy Studies (UPES), Dehradun 248007, India; Centre for Research and Development, Chandigarh University, Mohali 140413, Punjab, India.
| | - John F Kennedy
- Chembiotech Laboratories Ltd, WR15 8FF Tenbury Wells, United Kingdom.
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