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Cao D, Depaepe T, Sanchez-Muñoz R, Janssens H, Lemière F, Willems T, Winne J, Prinsen E, Van Der Straeten D. A UPLC-MS/MS method for quantification of metabolites in the ethylene biosynthesis pathway and its biological validation in Arabidopsis. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2024; 243:1262-1275. [PMID: 38849316 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
The plant hormone ethylene is of vital importance in the regulation of plant development and stress responses. Recent studies revealed that 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) plays a role beyond its function as an ethylene precursor. However, the absence of reliable methods to quantify ACC and its conjugates malonyl-ACC (MACC), glutamyl-ACC (GACC), and jasmonyl-ACC (JA-ACC) hinders related research. Combining synthetic and analytical chemistry, we present the first, validated methodology to rapidly extract and quantify ACC and its conjugates using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). Its relevance was confirmed by application to Arabidopsis mutants with altered ACC metabolism and wild-type plants under stress. Pharmacological and genetic suppression of ACC synthesis resulted in decreased ACC and MACC content, whereas induction led to elevated levels. Salt, wounding, and submergence stress enhanced ACC and MACC production. GACC and JA-ACC were undetectable in vivo; however, GACC was identified in vitro, underscoring the broad applicability of the method. This method provides an efficient tool to study individual functions of ACC and its conjugates, paving the road toward exploration of novel avenues in ACC and ethylene metabolism, and revisiting ethylene literature in view of the recent discovery of an ethylene-independent role of ACC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da Cao
- Laboratory of Functional Plant Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Thomas Depaepe
- Laboratory of Functional Plant Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Raul Sanchez-Muñoz
- Laboratory of Functional Plant Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Hilde Janssens
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Polymer Chemistry Research Group and Laboratory for Organic Synthesis, Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Filip Lemière
- Department of Chemistry, Biomolecular and Analytical Mass Spectrometry, University of Antwerp, 2020, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Tim Willems
- Integrated Molecular Plant Physiology Research, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, 2020, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Johan Winne
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Polymer Chemistry Research Group and Laboratory for Organic Synthesis, Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Els Prinsen
- Integrated Molecular Plant Physiology Research, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, 2020, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Dominique Van Der Straeten
- Laboratory of Functional Plant Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
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Sheng H, Ai C, Yang C, Zhu C, Meng Z, Wu F, Wang X, Dou D, Morris PF, Zhang X. A conserved oomycete effector RxLR23 triggers plant defense responses by targeting ERD15La to release NbNAC68. Nat Commun 2024; 15:6336. [PMID: 39068146 PMCID: PMC11283518 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-50782-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Oomycete pathogens deliver many effectors to enhance virulence or suppress plant immunity. Plant immune networks are interconnected, in which a few effectors can trigger a strong defense response when recognized by immunity-related proteins. How effectors activate plant defense response remains poorly understood. Here we report Phytophthora capsici effector RxLR23KM can induce plant cell death and plant immunity. RxLR23KM specifically binds to ERD15La, a regulator of abscisic acid and salicylic acid pathway, and the binding intensity depends on the amino acid residues (K93 and M320). NbNAC68, a downstream protein of ERD15La, can stimulate plant immunity that is compromised after binding with ERD15La. Silencing of NbNAC68 substantially prevents the activation of plant defense response. RxLR23KM binds to ERD15La, releasing NbNAC68 to activate plant immunity. These findings highlight a strategy of plant defense response that ERD15La as a central regulator coordinates RxLR23KM to regulate NbNAC68-triggered plant immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Sheng
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Congcong Ai
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Cancan Yang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Chunyuan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Zhe Meng
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Ji'nan, 250014, China
| | - Fengzhi Wu
- Department of Horticulture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Xiaodan Wang
- College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, 100083, Beijing, China
| | - Daolong Dou
- Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Paul F Morris
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, OH, 43043, USA
| | - Xiuguo Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China.
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Wang H, Jian L, Wang Z, Jiao Y, Wang Y, Ma F, Li P. Glycosylation mode of phloretin affects the morphology and stress resistance of apple plant. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2024. [PMID: 38995178 DOI: 10.1111/pce.15031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
Phloretin has different glycosylation modes in plants. Phlorizin (phloretin 2'-O-glucoside) is one of the glycosylation products of phloretin, and accumulates abundantly in apple plants. However, it is still unclear whether phlorizin is more beneficial for apple plants compared with other glycosylation products of phloretin. We created transgenic apple plants with different glycosylation modes of phloretin. In transgenic plants, the accumulation of phlorizin was partly replaced by that of trilobatin (phloretin 4'-O-glucoside) or phloretin 3',5'-di-C-glycoside. Compared with wild type, transgenic plants with less phlorizin showed dwarf phenotype, larger stomatal size, higher stomatal density and less tolerance to drought stress. Transcriptome and phytohormones assay indicate that phlorizin might regulate stomatal development and behaviour via controlling auxin and abscisic acid signalling pathways as well as carbonic anhydrase expressions. Transgenic apple plants with less phlorizin also showed less resistance to spider mites. Apple plants may hydrolyse phlorizin to produce phloretin, but cannot hydrolyse trilobatin or phloretin 3',5'-di-C-glycoside. Compared with its glycosylation products, phloretin is more toxic to spider mites. These results suggest that the glycosylation of phloretin to produce phlorizin is the optimal glycosylation mode in apple plants, and plays an important role in apple resistance to stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haojie Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Liru Jian
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhipeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yu Jiao
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuzhu Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Fengwang Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Pengmin Li
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
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Girardi F, Canton M, Populin F, Tijero V, Bettio G, Munné-Bosch S, Rasori A, Cardillo V, Costa G, Botton A. A gibberellin-assisted study of the transcriptional and hormonal changes occurring at floral transition in peach buds (Prunus persica L. Batsch). BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:643. [PMID: 38973005 PMCID: PMC11229236 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-05360-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Flower load in peach is an important determinant of final fruit quality and is subjected to cost-effective agronomical practices, such as the thinning, to finely balance the sink-source relationships within the tree and drive the optimal amount of assimilates to the fruits. Floral transition in peach buds occurs as a result of the integration of specific environmental signals, such as light and temperature, into the endogenous pathways that induce the meristem to pass from vegetative to reproductive growth. The cross talk and integration of the different players, such as the genes and the hormones, are still partially unknown. In the present research, transcriptomics and hormone profiling were applied on bud samples at different developmental stages. A gibberellin treatment was used as a tool to identify the different phases of floral transition and characterize the bud sensitivity to gibberellins in terms of inhibition of floral transition. RESULTS Treatments with gibberellins showed different efficacies and pointed out a timeframe of maximum inhibition of floral transition in peach buds. Contextually, APETALA1 gene expression was shown to be a reliable marker of gibberellin efficacy in controlling this process. RNA-Seq transcriptomic analyses allowed to identify specific genes dealing with ROS, cell cycle, T6P, floral induction control and other processes, which are correlated with the bud sensitivity to gibberellins and possibly involved in bud development during its transition to the reproductive stage. Transcriptomic data integrated with the quantification of the main bioactive hormones in the bud allowed to identify the main hormonal regulators of floral transition in peach, with a pivotal role played by endogenous gibberellins and cytokinins. CONCLUSIONS The peach bud undergoes different levels of receptivity to gibberellin inhibition. The stage with maximum responsiveness corresponded to a transcriptional and hormonal crossroad, involving both flowering inhibitors and inductors. Endogenous gibberellin levels increased only at the latest developmental stage, when floral transition was already partially achieved, and the bud was less sensitive to exogenous treatments. A physiological model summarizes the main findings and suggests new research ideas to improve our knowledge about floral transition in peach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Girardi
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural resources, Animals and Environment - DAFNAE, University of Padova, Agripolis, Viale dell'università 16, Legnaro, PD, 35020, Italy
| | - Monica Canton
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural resources, Animals and Environment - DAFNAE, University of Padova, Agripolis, Viale dell'università 16, Legnaro, PD, 35020, Italy
| | - Francesca Populin
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural resources, Animals and Environment - DAFNAE, University of Padova, Agripolis, Viale dell'università 16, Legnaro, PD, 35020, Italy
- Berry Genetics and Breeding Unit - Research and Innovation Centre (CRI), Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, Trento, 38098, Italy
| | - Verónica Tijero
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural resources, Animals and Environment - DAFNAE, University of Padova, Agripolis, Viale dell'università 16, Legnaro, PD, 35020, Italy
- Fruit Production Programme, Institute of Agrifood Research and Technology (IRTA), Parc Agrobiotech Lleida, Parc de Gardeny, Edifici Fruitcentre, Lleida, 25003, Spain
| | - Giorgia Bettio
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural resources, Animals and Environment - DAFNAE, University of Padova, Agripolis, Viale dell'università 16, Legnaro, PD, 35020, Italy
| | - Sergi Munné-Bosch
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, University of Barcelona, Diagonal 643, Barcelona, 08017, Spain
| | - Angela Rasori
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural resources, Animals and Environment - DAFNAE, University of Padova, Agripolis, Viale dell'università 16, Legnaro, PD, 35020, Italy
| | - Valerio Cardillo
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural resources, Animals and Environment - DAFNAE, University of Padova, Agripolis, Viale dell'università 16, Legnaro, PD, 35020, Italy
| | - Guglielmo Costa
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences - DISTAL, University of Bologna, Bologna, 40126, Italy
| | - Alessandro Botton
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural resources, Animals and Environment - DAFNAE, University of Padova, Agripolis, Viale dell'università 16, Legnaro, PD, 35020, Italy.
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5
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Marciniak K, Przedniczek K, Kęsy J, Święcicki W, Kopcewicz J. The development of yellow lupin anthers depends on the relationship between jasmonic acid and indole-3-acetic acid. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2024; 176:e14385. [PMID: 38956782 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
The main purpose of this study was to demonstrate that the course of anther development, including post-meiotic maturation, dehiscence and senescence, is ensured by the interdependencies between jasmonic acid (JA) and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) in yellow lupin (Lupinus luteus L.). The concentration of JA peaked during anther dehiscence when IAA level was low, whereas the inverse relationship was specific to anther senescence. Cellular and tissue localization of JA and IAA, in conjunction with broad expression profile for genes involved in biosynthesis, signalling, response, and homeostasis under different conditions, allowed to complete and define the role of studied phytohormones during late anther development, as well as predict events triggered by them. The development/degeneration of septum and anther wall cells, dehydration of epidermis, and rupture of stomium may involve JA signalling, while the formation of secondary thickening in endothecial cell walls is rather JA independent. The IAA is involved in programmed cell death (PCD)-associated processes during anther senescence but does not exclude its participation in the anther dehiscence processes, mainly related to cell disintegration and degeneration. A detailed understanding of these multistage processes, especially at the level of phytohormonal interplay, can contribute to the effective control of male fertility, potentially revolutionizing the breeding of L. luteus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Marciniak
- Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Department of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Przedniczek
- Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Department of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń, Poland
| | - Jacek Kęsy
- Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Department of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń, Poland
| | | | - Jan Kopcewicz
- Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Department of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń, Poland
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Cowling CL, Homayouni AL, Callwood JB, McReynolds MR, Khor J, Ke H, Draves MA, Dehesh K, Walley JW, Strader LC, Kelley DR. ZmPILS6 is an auxin efflux carrier required for maize root morphogenesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2313216121. [PMID: 38781209 PMCID: PMC11145266 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2313216121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Plant root systems play a pivotal role in plant physiology and exhibit diverse phenotypic traits. Understanding the genetic mechanisms governing root growth and development in model plants like maize is crucial for enhancing crop resilience to drought and nutrient limitations. This study focused on identifying and characterizing ZmPILS6, an annotated auxin efflux carrier, as a key regulator of various crown root traits in maize. ZmPILS6-modified roots displayed reduced network area and suppressed lateral root formation, which are desirable traits for the "steep, cheap, and deep" ideotype. The research revealed that ZmPILS6 localizes to the endoplasmic reticulum and plays a vital role in controlling the spatial distribution of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA or "auxin") in primary roots. The study also demonstrated that ZmPILS6 can actively efflux IAA when expressed in yeast. Furthermore, the loss of ZmPILS6 resulted in significant proteome remodeling in maize roots, particularly affecting hormone signaling pathways. To identify potential interacting partners of ZmPILS6, a weighted gene coexpression analysis was performed. Altogether, this research contributes to the growing knowledge of essential genetic determinants governing maize root morphogenesis, which is crucial for guiding agricultural improvement strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Craig L. Cowling
- Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA50011
| | | | - Jodi B. Callwood
- Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA50011
| | - Maxwell R. McReynolds
- Department of Plant Pathology, Entomology and Microbiology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA50011
| | - Jasper Khor
- Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA50011
| | - Haiyan Ke
- Botany and Plant Sciences Department, University of California, Riverside, CA92521
| | - Melissa A. Draves
- Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA50011
| | - Katayoon Dehesh
- Botany and Plant Sciences Department, University of California, Riverside, CA92521
| | - Justin W. Walley
- Department of Plant Pathology, Entomology and Microbiology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA50011
| | | | - Dior R. Kelley
- Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA50011
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Dey S, Sen Raychaudhuri S. Methyl jasmonate improves selenium tolerance via regulating ROS signalling, hormonal crosstalk and phenylpropanoid pathway in Plantago ovata. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 209:108533. [PMID: 38520967 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
Selenium (Se) toxicity is an emerging contaminant of global concern. It is known to cause oxidative stress, affecting plant growth and yield. Plantago ovata, a major cash crop known for its medicinal properties, is often cultivated in Se-contaminated soil. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the use of methyl jasmonate (MeJA) seed priming technique to mitigate Se-induced phytotoxicity. The results demonstrated that Se stress inhibited P. ovata growth, biomass and lowered chlorophyll content in a dose-dependent manner. Treatment with 1 μM MeJA enhanced the antioxidant defence system via ROS signalling and upregulated key enzymes of phenylpropanoid pathway, PAL (1.9 times) and CHI (5.4 times) in comparison to control. Caffeic acid, Vanillic acid, Chlorogenic acid, Coumaric acid and Luteoloside were the most abundant polyphenols. Enzymatic antioxidants involved in ROS scavenging, such as CAT (up to 1.3 times) and GPOX (up to 1.4 times) were raised, while SOD (by 0.6 times) was reduced. There was an upregulation of growth-inducible hormones, IAA (up to 2.1 fold) and GA (up to 1.5 fold) whereas, the stress-responsive hormones ABA (by 0.6 fold) and SA (by 0.5 fold) were downregulated. The alleviation of Se toxicity was also evident from the decrease in H2O2 and MDA contents under MeJA treatment. These findings suggest that MeJA can effectively improve Se tolerance and nutraceutical value in P. ovata by modulating the phytohormone regulatory network, redox homeostasis and elicits accumulation of polyphenols. Therefore, MeJA seed priming could be an efficient way to enhance stress resilience and sustainable crop production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sankalan Dey
- Department of Biophysics, Molecular Biology and Bioinformatics, University of Calcutta, 92, A.P.C. Road, Kolkata - 700009, West Bengal, India
| | - Sarmistha Sen Raychaudhuri
- Department of Biophysics, Molecular Biology and Bioinformatics, University of Calcutta, 92, A.P.C. Road, Kolkata - 700009, West Bengal, India.
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Martins M, Oliveira L, Sousa B, Valente IM, Rodrigues JA, Azenha M, Soares C, Pereira R, Fidalgo F. Unravelling the combined impacts of drought and Cu in barley plants - double trouble? PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 209:108546. [PMID: 38518397 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
The occurrence of drought in soils, particularly in those contaminated by metals, poses a current threat to crops, as these factors can interact and induce unique stress responses. Therefore, this study mainly focused on understanding the crosstalk between drought and copper (Cu) stress in the physiology of the barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) plant. Using a bifactorial experimental design, seedlings were grown in a natural soil under the following treatments: plants continuously irrigated in uncontaminated soil for 14 days (control); plants continuously irrigated in Cu-contaminated soil (115 mg Cu kg-1) for 14 days (Cu); plants only irrigated during the initials 7 days of growth in uncontaminated soil (drought); plants co-exposed to Cu and drought (combined). After 14 days of growth, the results revealed that drought prevented Cu bioaccumulation in barley roots, which were still severely affected by the metal, both individually and in combination with the water deficit. Furthermore, individual and combined exposure to these stressors resulted in impaired photosynthetic performance in barley plants. Despite the increased activation of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant defence mechanisms, particularly in the green organs, the plants co-exposed to both stress factors still showed higher oxidative damage, severely impacting biomass production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Martins
- GreenUPorto - Sustainable Agrifood Production Research Centre & Inov4Agro, Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences of University of Porto, Rua Do Campo Alegre S/n, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Licínio Oliveira
- GreenUPorto - Sustainable Agrifood Production Research Centre & Inov4Agro, Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences of University of Porto, Rua Do Campo Alegre S/n, Porto, Portugal
| | - Bruno Sousa
- GreenUPorto - Sustainable Agrifood Production Research Centre & Inov4Agro, Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences of University of Porto, Rua Do Campo Alegre S/n, Porto, Portugal
| | - Inês Maria Valente
- REQUIMTE, LAQV, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, Porto, 4050-313, Portugal; REQUIMTE, LAQV, Chemistry and Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua Do Campo Alegre 687, Porto, 4169-007, Portugal
| | - José António Rodrigues
- REQUIMTE, LAQV, Chemistry and Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua Do Campo Alegre 687, Porto, 4169-007, Portugal
| | - Manuel Azenha
- CIQ-UP, Chemistry and Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua Do Campo Alegre S/n, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal
| | - Cristiano Soares
- GreenUPorto - Sustainable Agrifood Production Research Centre & Inov4Agro, Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences of University of Porto, Rua Do Campo Alegre S/n, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ruth Pereira
- GreenUPorto - Sustainable Agrifood Production Research Centre & Inov4Agro, Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences of University of Porto, Rua Do Campo Alegre S/n, Porto, Portugal
| | - Fernanda Fidalgo
- GreenUPorto - Sustainable Agrifood Production Research Centre & Inov4Agro, Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences of University of Porto, Rua Do Campo Alegre S/n, Porto, Portugal
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9
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Mumithrakamatchi AK, Alagarswamy S, Anitha K, Djanaguiraman M, Kalarani MK, Swarnapriya R, Marimuthu S, Vellaikumar S, Kanagarajan S. Melatonin imparts tolerance to combined drought and high-temperature stresses in tomato through osmotic adjustment and ABA accumulation. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1382914. [PMID: 38606062 PMCID: PMC11007154 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1382914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, environmental stresses viz., drought and high-temperature negatively impacts the tomato growth, yield and quality. The effects of combined drought and high-temperature (HT) stresses during the flowering stage were investigated. The main objective was to assess the effects of foliar spray of melatonin under both individual and combined drought and HT stresses at the flowering stage. Drought stress was imposed by withholding irrigation, whereas HT stress was imposed by exposing the plants to an ambient temperature (AT)+5°C temperature. The drought+HT stress was imposed by exposing the plants to drought first, followed by exposure to AT+5°C temperature. The duration of individual and combined drought or HT stress was 10 days. The results showed that drought+HT stress had a significant negative effect compared with individual drought or HT stress alone. However, spraying 100 µM melatonin on the plants challenged with individual or combined drought and HT stress showed a significant increase in total chlorophyll content [drought: 16%, HT: 14%, and drought+HT: 11%], Fv/Fm [drought: 16%, HT: 15%, and drought+HT: 13%], relative water content [drought: 10%, HT: 2%, and drought+HT: 8%], and proline [drought: 26%, HT: 17%, and drought+HT: 14%] compared with their respective stress control. Additionally, melatonin positively influenced the stomatal and trichome characteristics compared with stress control plants. Also, the osmotic adjustment was found to be significantly increased in the melatonin-sprayed plants, which, in turn, resulted in an increased number of fruits, fruit set percentage, and fruit yield. Moreover, melatonin spray also enhanced the quality of fruits through increased lycopene content, carotenoid content, titratable acidity, and ascorbic acid content, compared with the stress control. Overall, this study highlights the usefulness of melatonin in effectively mitigating the negative effects of drought, HT, and drought+HT stress, thus leading to an increased drought and HT stress tolerance in tomato.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Senthil Alagarswamy
- Department of Crop Physiology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University (TNAU), Coimbatore, India
| | - Kuppusamy Anitha
- Department of Crop Physiology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University (TNAU), Coimbatore, India
| | | | | | | | - Subramanian Marimuthu
- Department of Agronomy, Agricultural College and Research Institute (AC&RI), Eachangkottai, Thanjavur, India
| | - Sampathrajan Vellaikumar
- Centre for Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, India
| | - Selvaraju Kanagarajan
- Department of Plant Breeding, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Lomma, Sweden
- School of Science and Technology, The Life Science Centre, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
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10
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Karady M, Hladík P, Cermanová K, Jiroutová P, Antoniadi I, Casanova-Sáez R, Ljung K, Novák O. Profiling of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid and selected phytohormones in Arabidopsis using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. PLANT METHODS 2024; 20:41. [PMID: 38493175 PMCID: PMC10943774 DOI: 10.1186/s13007-024-01165-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gaseous phytohormone ethylene levels are directly influenced by the production of its immediate non-volatile precursor 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC). Owing to the strongly acidic character of the ACC molecule, its quantification has been difficult to perform. Here, we present a simple and straightforward validated method for accurate quantification of not only ACC levels, but also major members of other important phytohormonal classes - auxins, cytokinins, jasmonic acid, abscisic acid and salicylic acid from the same biological sample. RESULTS The presented technique facilitates the analysis of 15 compounds by liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. It was optimized and validated for 10 mg of fresh weight plant material. The extraction procedure is composed of a minimal amount of necessary steps. Accuracy and precision were the basis for evaluating the method, together with process efficiency, recovery and matrix effects as validation parameters. The examined compounds comprise important groups of phytohormones, their active forms and some of their metabolites, including six cytokinins, four auxins, two jasmonates, abscisic acid, salicylic acid and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid. The resulting method was used to examine their contents in selected Arabidopsis thaliana mutant lines. CONCLUSION This profiling method enables a very straightforward approach for indirect ethylene study and explores how it interacts, based on content levels, with other phytohormonal groups in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Karady
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Institute of Experimental Botany, Palacký University, The Czech Academy of Sciences & Faculty of Science, Olomouc, CZ-783 71, Czechia.
| | - Pavel Hladík
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Institute of Experimental Botany, Palacký University, The Czech Academy of Sciences & Faculty of Science, Olomouc, CZ-783 71, Czechia
| | - Kateřina Cermanová
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Institute of Experimental Botany, Palacký University, The Czech Academy of Sciences & Faculty of Science, Olomouc, CZ-783 71, Czechia
| | - Petra Jiroutová
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Institute of Experimental Botany, Palacký University, The Czech Academy of Sciences & Faculty of Science, Olomouc, CZ-783 71, Czechia
| | - Ioanna Antoniadi
- Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science Centre (UPSC), Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå, SE-901 83, Sweden
| | - Rubén Casanova-Sáez
- Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science Centre (UPSC), Umeå University, Umeå, SE-901 87, Sweden
| | - Karin Ljung
- Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science Centre (UPSC), Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå, SE-901 83, Sweden
| | - Ondřej Novák
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Institute of Experimental Botany, Palacký University, The Czech Academy of Sciences & Faculty of Science, Olomouc, CZ-783 71, Czechia
- Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science Centre (UPSC), Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå, SE-901 83, Sweden
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11
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Pardo-Hernández M, Arbona V, Simón I, Rivero RM. Specific ABA-independent tomato transcriptome reprogramming under abiotic stress combination. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024; 117:1746-1763. [PMID: 38284474 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Crops often have to face several abiotic stresses simultaneously, and under these conditions, the plant's response significantly differs from that observed under a single stress. However, up to the present, most of the molecular markers identified for increasing plant stress tolerance have been characterized under single abiotic stresses, which explains the unexpected results found when plants are tested under real field conditions. One important regulator of the plant's responses to abiotic stresses is abscisic acid (ABA). The ABA signaling system engages many stress-responsive genes, but many others do not respond to ABA treatments. Thus, the ABA-independent pathway, which is still largely unknown, involves multiple signaling pathways and important molecular components necessary for the plant's adaptation to climate change. In the present study, ABA-deficient tomato mutants (flacca, flc) were subjected to salinity, heat, or their combination. An in-depth RNA-seq analysis revealed that the combination of salinity and heat led to a strong reprogramming of the tomato transcriptome. Thus, of the 685 genes that were specifically regulated under this combination in our flc mutants, 463 genes were regulated by ABA-independent systems. Among these genes, we identified six transcription factors (TFs) that were significantly regulated, belonging to the R2R3-MYB family. A protein-protein interaction network showed that the TFs SlMYB50 and SlMYB86 were directly involved in the upregulation of the flavonol biosynthetic pathway-related genes. One of the most novel findings of the study is the identification of the involvement of some important ABA-independent TFs in the specific plant response to abiotic stress combination. Considering that ABA levels dramatically change in response to environmental factors, the study of ABA-independent genes that are specifically regulated under stress combination may provide a remarkable tool for increasing plant resilience to climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Pardo-Hernández
- Department of Plant Nutrition, Center of Edaphology and Applied Biology of Segura (CEBAS-CSIC), Campus Universitario Espinardo, Ed 25, 30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - Vicent Arbona
- Departament de Biologia, Bioquímica i Ciències Naturals, Universitat Jaume I, Castelló de la Plana, 12071, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Simón
- Centro de Investigación e Innovación Agroalimentaria y Agroambiental (CIAGRO-UMH), Miguel Hernández University, Orihuela, Spain
| | - Rosa M Rivero
- Department of Plant Nutrition, Center of Edaphology and Applied Biology of Segura (CEBAS-CSIC), Campus Universitario Espinardo, Ed 25, 30100, Murcia, Spain
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12
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Zhao H, Wan S, Huang Y, Li X, Jiao T, Zhang Z, Ma B, Zhu L, Ma F, Li M. The transcription factor MdBPC2 alters apple growth and promotes dwarfing by regulating auxin biosynthesis. THE PLANT CELL 2024; 36:585-604. [PMID: 38019898 PMCID: PMC10896295 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koad297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Auxin plays important roles throughout plant growth and development. However, the mechanisms of auxin regulation of plant structure are poorly understood. In this study, we identified a transcription factor (TF) of the BARLEY B RECOMBINANT/BASIC PENTACYSTEINE (BBR/BPC) family in apple (Malus × domestica), MdBPC2. It was highly expressed in dwarfing rootstocks, and it negatively regulated auxin biosynthesis. Overexpression of MdBPC2 in apple decreased plant height, altered leaf morphology, and inhibited root system development. These phenotypes were due to reduced auxin levels and were restored reversed after exogenous indole acetic acid (IAA) treatment. Silencing of MdBPC2 alone had no obvious phenotypic effect, while silencing both Class I and Class II BPCs in apple significantly increased auxin content in plants. Biochemical analysis demonstrated that MdBPC2 directly bound to the GAGA-rich element in the promoters of the auxin synthesis genes MdYUC2a and MdYUC6b, inhibiting their transcription and reducing auxin accumulation in MdBPC2 overexpression lines. Further studies established that MdBPC2 interacted with the polycomb group (PcG) protein LIKE HETEROCHROMATIN PROTEIN 1 (LHP1) to inhibit MdYUC2a and MdYUC6b expression via methylation of histone 3 lysine 27 (H3K27me3). Silencing MdLHP1 reversed the negative effect of MdBPC2 on auxin accumulation. Our results reveal a dwarfing mechanism in perennial woody plants involving control of auxin biosynthesis by a BPC transcription factor, suggesting its use for genetic improvement of apple rootstock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi, China
| | - Shuyuan Wan
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi, China
| | - Yanni Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Li
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi, China
| | - Tiantian Jiao
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhijun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi, China
| | - Baiquan Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi, China
| | - Lingcheng Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi, China
| | - Fengwang Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi, China
| | - Mingjun Li
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi, China
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13
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Zhang J, Liu S, Liu CB, Zhang M, Fu XQ, Wang YL, Song T, Chao ZF, Han ML, Tian Z, Chao DY. Natural variants of molybdate transporters contribute to yield traits of soybean by affecting auxin synthesis. Curr Biol 2023; 33:5355-5367.e5. [PMID: 37995699 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2023.10.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Soybean (Glycine max) is a crop with high demand for molybdenum (Mo) and typically requires Mo fertilization to achieve maximum yield potential. However, the genetic basis underlying the natural variation of Mo concentration in soybean and its impact on soybean agronomic performance is still poorly understood. Here, we performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) to identify GmMOT1.1 and GmMOT1.2 that drive the natural variation of soybean Mo concentration and confer agronomic traits by affecting auxin synthesis. The soybean population exhibits five haplotypes of the two genes, with the haplotype 5 demonstrating the highest expression of GmMOT1.1 and GmMOT1.2, as well as the highest transport activities of their proteins. Further studies showed that GmMOT1.1 and GmMOT1.2 improve soybean yield, especially when cultivated in acidic or slightly acidic soil. Surprisingly, these two genes contribute to soybean growth by enhancing the activity of indole-3-acetaldehyde (IAAld) aldehyde oxidase (AO), leading to increased indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) synthesis, rather than being involved in symbiotic nitrogen fixation or nitrogen assimilation. Furthermore, the geographical distribution of five haplotypes in China and their correlation with soil pH suggest the potential significance of GmMOT1.1 and GmMOT1.2 in soybean breeding strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shulin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Chu-Bin Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Min Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Xue-Qin Fu
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ya-Ling Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Tao Song
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhen-Fei Chao
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Mei-Ling Han
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zhixi Tian
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
| | - Dai-Yin Chao
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China.
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14
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Casadesús A, Munné-Bosch S. Parasitic plant-host interaction between the holoparasite Cytinus hypocistis and the shrub Cistus albidus in their natural Mediterranean habitat: local and systemic hormonal effects. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 43:2001-2011. [PMID: 37606243 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpad100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
Mediterranean-type ecosystems provide a unique opportunity to study parasitic plant-host interactions, such as the relationship between the dominant shrub Cistus albidus L. and the root holoparasitic plant Cytinus hypocistis L. We examined this interaction (i) locally, by measuring the hormonal profiling of the interaction zone between the holoparasitic plant and the host, and (ii) systemically, by examining the hormonal profiling and physiological status of leaves from infested and uninfested plants. Furthermore, we explored how temporal variation (seasonal effects) and geographical location influenced the systemic hormonal and physiological response of leaves. Results shed light on tissue-related variations in hormones, suggesting the parasite exerted a sink effect, mainly influenced by cytokinins. Jasmonates triggered a defense response in leaves, far from the infestation point, and both jasmonates and abscisic acid (ABA) appeared to be involved in the tolerance to holoparasitism when plants were simultaneously challenged with summer drought. Parasitism did not have any major negative impact on the host, as indicated by physiological stress markers in leaves, thus indicating a high tolerance of the shrub C. albidus to the root holoparasitic plant C. hypocistis. Rather, parasitism seemed to exert a priming-like effect and some compensatory effects were observed (increased chlorophyll contents) in the host under mild climatic conditions. We conclude that (i) cytokinins, jasmonates and ABA play a role at the local and systemic levels in the response of C. albidus to the biotic stress caused by C. hypocistis, and that (ii) seasonal changes in environmental conditions and geographical location may impact holoparasitic plant-host interactions in the field, modulating the physiological response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Casadesús
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, University of Barcelona, Faculty of Biology, Avinguda Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Research of Biodiversity (IRBio), University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sergi Munné-Bosch
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, University of Barcelona, Faculty of Biology, Avinguda Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Research of Biodiversity (IRBio), University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
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15
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Jené L, Munné-Bosch S. Hormonal involvement in boosting the vegetative vigour underlying caffeine-related improvements in lentil production. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 336:111856. [PMID: 37660891 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2023.111856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that caffeine (1,3,7-trimethylxanthine) has some potential for its use as a biostimulant ingredient for boosting lentil production at suboptimal temperatures. However, some limitations to its use include its potential side effects as an emerging contaminant and the current lack of knowledge of its mechanism of action. Here, we aimed to study the mechanisms underlying improved lentil production upon caffeine application. Greenhouse-grown plants treated with caffeine (at 10-5 M, 10-4 M, and 10-3 M) were compared to an untreated, control treatment, and both reproductive and vegetative vigour were evaluated in parallel with endogenous foliar concentrations of phytohormones, including both stress and growth-related hormones. Results showed an enhanced lentil production at the highest caffeine concentration (10-3 M) which might be attributed, at least in part, to a greater vegetative vigour. The hormonal profiling revealed a dual effect. Firstly, there was a specific increase in jasmonoyl-isoleucine (JA-Ile) in the short term, which may provide a priming effect. Secondly, abscisic acid (ABA) content kept at low levels and the active cytokinin (CK) isopentenyl adenine (2-iP) increased and persisted at high levels throughout the reproductive stage. Cytokinin-mediated effects on growth, and more specifically the high CK/ABA ratios in leaves, appeared to mediate caffeine-related effects in boosting vegetative vigour. In conclusion, caffeine emerges as a compelling alkaloid for integration into biostimulant formulations due to its favorable effect in boosting lentil production through an improvement of vegetative vigour. These outcomes appear to be modulated by phytohormones, most notably jasmonates, priming plants for improved performance under suboptimal temperatures, and cytokinins, alongside ABA and its associated ratios, collectively enhancing plant growth and reproductive vigour in challenging conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laia Jené
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, University of Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sergi Munné-Bosch
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, University of Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety (INSA), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
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16
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Liu M, Hu F, Liu L, Lu X, Li R, Wang J, Wu J, Ma L, Pu Y, Fang Y, Yang G, Wang W, Sun W. Physiological Analysis and Genetic Mapping of Short Hypocotyl Trait in Brassica napus L. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15409. [PMID: 37895090 PMCID: PMC10607371 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypocotyl length is a botanical trait that affects the cold tolerance of Brassica napus L. (B. napus). In this study, we constructed an F2 segregating population using the cold-resistant short hypocotyl variety '16VHNTS158' and the cold-sensitive long hypocotyl variety 'Tianyou 2288' as the parents, and BSA-seq was employed to identify candidate genes for hypocotyl length in B. napus. The results of parental differences showed that the average hypocotyl lengths of '16VHNTS158' and 'Tianyou 2288' were 0.41 cm and 0.77 cm at the 5~6 leaf stage, respectively, after different low-temperature treatments, and '16VHNTS158' exhibited lower relative ion leakage rates compared to 'Tianyou 2288'. The contents of indole acetic acid (IAA), gibberellin (GA), and brassinosteroid (BR) in hypocotyls of '16VHNTS158' and 'Tianyou 2288' increased with decreasing temperatures, but the IAA and GA contents were significantly higher than those of 'Tianyou 2288', and the BR content was lower than that of 'Tianyou 2288'. The genetic analysis results indicate that the genetic model for hypocotyl length follows the 2MG-A model. By using SSR molecular markers, a QTL locus associated with hypocotyl length was identified on chromosome C04. The additive effect value of this locus was 0.025, and it accounted for 2.5% of the phenotypic variation. BSA-Seq further localized the major effect QTL locus on chromosome C04, associating it with 41 genomic regions. The total length of this region was 1.06 Mb. Within this region, a total of 20 non-synonymous mutation genes were identified between the parents, and 26 non-synonymous mutation genes were found within the pooled samples. In the reference genome of B. napus, this region was annotated with 24 candidate genes. These annotated genes are predominantly enriched in four pathways: DNA replication, nucleotide excision repair, plant hormone signal transduction, and mismatch repair. The findings of this study provide a theoretical basis for cloning genes related to hypocotyl length in winter rapeseed and their utilization in breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lijun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (M.L.)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Wancang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (M.L.)
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Wang H, Tian Y, Li Y, Wei J, Ma F, Liang W, Li C. Analysis of Carotenoids and Gene Expression in Apple Germplasm Resources Reveals the Role of MdCRTISO and MdLCYE in the Accumulation of Carotenoids. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:15121-15131. [PMID: 37796201 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c04453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Carotenoids play an important role in the coloring and nutritional value of apple (Malus spp.) fruits. Here, six carotenoids, including lutein, zeaxanthin, β-carotene, β-cryptoxanthin, violaxanthin, and neoxanthin, were detected in 105 fruits of apple germplasm resources, which showed a skewed distribution in both the peel and pulp. There were more carotenoids in the peel than in the pulp, and lutein and β-carotene were the primary carotenoids that were present. The expression levels of most carotenoid pathway genes in germplasm fruits during fruit development were higher in the fruits that had an abundance of carotenoids. A linear relationship analysis showed that the expression levels of MdCRTISO and MdLCYE were highly correlated with the content of carotenoids. The leaves accumulated the greatest number of carotenoids, while the roots had the lowest amount. MdCRTISO and MdLCYE were highly expressed in the fruits compared to other tissues. Transgenic calli and transiently transformed fruits confirmed that MdCRTISO and MdLCYE affected the biosynthesis of carotenoids owing to their effects on the expression of other genes for enzymes in the carotenoid pathway. Our findings will extend the understanding of carotenoid biosynthesis in apple and excavate apple germplasm resources with rich carotenoids to breed high-quality apples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongtao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Yuchen Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Yuxing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Jiaqi Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Fengwang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Wei Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Cuiying Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
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Vrobel O, Tarkowski P. Can plant hormonomics be built on simple analysis? A review. PLANT METHODS 2023; 19:107. [PMID: 37833752 PMCID: PMC10576392 DOI: 10.1186/s13007-023-01090-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
The field of plant hormonomics focuses on the qualitative and quantitative analysis of the hormone complement in plant samples, akin to other omics sciences. Plant hormones, alongside primary and secondary metabolites, govern vital processes throughout a plant's lifecycle. While active hormones have received significant attention, studying all related compounds provides valuable insights into internal processes. Conventional single-class plant hormone analysis employs thorough sample purification, short analysis and triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry. Conversely, comprehensive hormonomics analysis necessitates minimal purification, robust and efficient separation and better-performing mass spectrometry instruments. This review summarizes the current status of plant hormone analysis methods, focusing on sample preparation, advances in chromatographic separation and mass spectrometric detection, including a discussion on internal standard selection and the potential of derivatization. Moreover, current approaches for assessing the spatiotemporal distribution are evaluated. The review touches on the legitimacy of the term plant hormonomics by exploring the current status of methods and outlining possible future trends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ondřej Vrobel
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Department of Genetic Resources for Vegetables, Medicinal and Special Plants, Crop Research Institute, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Tarkowski
- Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
- Department of Genetic Resources for Vegetables, Medicinal and Special Plants, Crop Research Institute, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
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Pintó-Marijuan M, Turon-Orra M, González-Betancort A, Muñoz P, Munné-Bosch S. Improved production and quality of peppers irrigated with regenerated water by the application of 24-epibrassinolide. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 334:111764. [PMID: 37301327 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2023.111764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Water shortage for crop irrigation is reducing agricultural production worldwide and the use of sewage treatment plant (STP) water to irrigate horticultural fields is a solution to avoid the use of drinkable water in agriculture. In this study, two different genotypes of pepper (Red Cherry Small and Italian green) were irrigated with STP water, as an alternative to potable water. Moreover, the foliar application of a molecule with biostimulant properties (24-epibrassinolide; EBR) was tested as a strategy to ameliorate the production and quality of fruits. Both genotypes differed on their tolerance to the suffered oxidative stress due to their different salinity tolerance, but fruit commercial weight was reduced by 49% on the salt sensitive and by 37% on the salt tolerant. Moreover, ascorbic acid was also decreased by 37% after STP water irrigation in the Red Cherry Small peppers. However, EBR applications alleviated STP watering stress effects improving pepper plants fruit production and quality parameters, such as ascorbic acid and capsaicinoids. These results have important economic and environmental relevance to overcome present and future water deficiencies in the agricultural sector derived from climate change, guaranteeing the maintenance of production in peppers irrigated with STP water for a more sustainable agriculture following relevant circular economy actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Pintó-Marijuan
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Martina Turon-Orra
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alba González-Betancort
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Paula Muñoz
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Research Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sergi Munné-Bosch
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Research Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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20
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Huang J, Qin Y, Xie Z, Wang P, Zhao Z, Huang X, Chen Q, Huang Z, Chen Y, Gao A. Combined transcriptome and metabolome analysis reveal that the white and yellow mango pulp colors are associated with carotenoid and flavonoid accumulation, and phytohormone signaling. Genomics 2023; 115:110675. [PMID: 37390936 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2023.110675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
Mango (Mangifera indica L.) is a widely appreciated tropical fruit for its rich color and nutrition. However, knowledge on the molecular basis of color variation is limited. Here, we studied HY3 (yellowish-white pulp) and YX4 (yellow pulp), reaped with 24 h gap from the standard harvesting time. The carotenoids and total flavonoids increased with the advance of harvest time (YX4 > HY34). Transcriptome sequencing showed that higher expressions of the core carotenoid biosynthesis genes and flavonoid biosynthesis genes are correlated to their respective contents. The endogenous indole-3-acetic acid and jasmonic acid contents decreased but abscisic acid and ethylene contents increased with an increase in harvesting time (YX4 > HY34). Similar trends were observed for the corresponding genes. Our results indicate that the color differences are related to carotenoid and flavonoid contents, which in turn are influenced by phytohormone accumulation and signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfeng Huang
- Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, 571101, Hainan, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Crops Germplasm Resources Genetic Improvement and Innovation of Hainan Province, Danzhou 571737, Hainan, China
| | - Yuling Qin
- Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, 571101, Hainan, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Crops Germplasm Resources Genetic Improvement and Innovation of Hainan Province, Danzhou 571737, Hainan, China
| | - Ziliang Xie
- Wenzhou Vocational College of Science and Technology, 325006 Zhejiang, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, 571101, Hainan, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Crops Germplasm Resources Genetic Improvement and Innovation of Hainan Province, Danzhou 571737, Hainan, China
| | - Zhichang Zhao
- Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, 571101, Hainan, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Crops Germplasm Resources Genetic Improvement and Innovation of Hainan Province, Danzhou 571737, Hainan, China
| | - Xiaolou Huang
- Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, 571101, Hainan, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Crops Germplasm Resources Genetic Improvement and Innovation of Hainan Province, Danzhou 571737, Hainan, China
| | - Qianfu Chen
- Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, 571101, Hainan, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Crops Germplasm Resources Genetic Improvement and Innovation of Hainan Province, Danzhou 571737, Hainan, China
| | | | - Yeyuan Chen
- Sanya Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Sanya 572025, China.
| | - Aiping Gao
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Crops Germplasm Resources Genetic Improvement and Innovation of Hainan Province, Danzhou 571737, Hainan, China.
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21
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Yao T, Zhang J, Yates TB, Shrestha HK, Engle NL, Ployet R, John C, Feng K, Bewg WP, Chen MSS, Lu H, Harding SA, Qiao Z, Jawdy SS, Shu M, Yuan W, Mozaffari K, Harman-Ware AE, Happs RM, York LM, Binder BM, Yoshinaga Y, Daum C, Tschaplinski TJ, Abraham PE, Tsai CJ, Barry K, Lipzen A, Schmutz J, Tuskan GA, Chen JG, Muchero W. Expression quantitative trait loci mapping identified PtrXB38 as a key hub gene in adventitious root development in Populus. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2023; 239:2248-2264. [PMID: 37488708 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
Plant establishment requires the formation and development of an extensive root system with architecture modulated by complex genetic networks. Here, we report the identification of the PtrXB38 gene as an expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) hotspot, mapped using 390 leaf and 444 xylem Populus trichocarpa transcriptomes. Among predicted targets of this trans-eQTL were genes involved in plant hormone responses and root development. Overexpression of PtrXB38 in Populus led to significant increases in callusing and formation of both stem-born roots and base-born adventitious roots. Omics studies revealed that genes and proteins controlling auxin transport and signaling were involved in PtrXB38-mediated adventitious root formation. Protein-protein interaction assays indicated that PtrXB38 interacts with components of endosomal sorting complexes required for transport machinery, implying that PtrXB38-regulated root development may be mediated by regulating endocytosis pathway. Taken together, this work identified a crucial root development regulator and sheds light on the discovery of other plant developmental regulators through combining eQTL mapping and omics approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Yao
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
- Center for Bioenergy Innovation, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
| | - Jin Zhang
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
- Center for Bioenergy Innovation, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, College of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Timothy B Yates
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
- Center for Bioenergy Innovation, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
- Bredesen Center for Interdisciplinary Research, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA
| | - Him K Shrestha
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
- Graduate School of Genome Science and Technology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA
| | - Nancy L Engle
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
- Center for Bioenergy Innovation, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
| | - Raphael Ployet
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
- Center for Bioenergy Innovation, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
| | - Cai John
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
- Center for Bioenergy Innovation, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
- Bredesen Center for Interdisciplinary Research, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA
| | - Kai Feng
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
- Center for Bioenergy Innovation, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
| | - William Patrick Bewg
- Center for Bioenergy Innovation, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
- Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
- Department of Genetics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Margot S S Chen
- Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
- Department of Genetics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Haiwei Lu
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
- Department of Academic Education, Central Community College - Hastings, Hastings, NE, 68902, USA
| | - Scott A Harding
- Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
- Department of Genetics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Zhenzhen Qiao
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
| | - Sara S Jawdy
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
- Center for Bioenergy Innovation, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
| | - Mengjun Shu
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
- Center for Bioenergy Innovation, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
| | - Wenya Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, College of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Khadijeh Mozaffari
- Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
- Department of Genetics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Anne E Harman-Ware
- Center for Bioenergy Innovation, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
- Renewable Resources and Enabling Sciences Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO, 80401, USA
| | - Renee M Happs
- Center for Bioenergy Innovation, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
- Renewable Resources and Enabling Sciences Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO, 80401, USA
| | - Larry M York
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
- Center for Bioenergy Innovation, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
| | - Brad M Binder
- Department of Biochemistry & Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA
| | - Yuko Yoshinaga
- US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Christopher Daum
- US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Timothy J Tschaplinski
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
- Center for Bioenergy Innovation, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
| | - Paul E Abraham
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
- Center for Bioenergy Innovation, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
| | - Chung-Jui Tsai
- Center for Bioenergy Innovation, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, College of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Kerrie Barry
- US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Anna Lipzen
- US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Jeremy Schmutz
- US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
- HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, AL, 35806, USA
| | - Gerald A Tuskan
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
- Center for Bioenergy Innovation, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
| | - Jin-Gui Chen
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
- Center for Bioenergy Innovation, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
| | - Wellington Muchero
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
- Center for Bioenergy Innovation, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
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22
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Martínez-Mazón P, Bahamonde C, Herrera-Rodríguez MB, Fernández-Ocaña AM, Rexach J, González-Fontes A, Camacho-Cristóbal JJ. Role of ABA in the adaptive response of Arabidopsis plants to long-term boron toxicity treatment. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 202:107965. [PMID: 37591031 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.107965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
Boron (B) toxicity causes impairments in several plant metabolic and physiological processes. Under conditions of excessive B availability, this micronutrient is passively transported through the transpiration stream and accumulates in leaves, causing the development of necrotic regions in leaf tips. Some plants have developed adaptive mechanisms to minimize the toxic effects of excessive B accumulation in their tissues. Thus, for instance, in Arabidopsis it has been described an ABA-dependent decrease in the transpiration rate that would restrict B accumulation in aerial plant tissues in response to short-term B toxicity, this effect being mediated by AtNCED3 (which encodes a key enzyme for ABA biosynthesis). The present work aimed to study the possible involvement of ABA in the adjustment of plant water balance and B homeostasis during the adaptive response of Arabidopsis to prolonged B toxicity. For this purpose, Arabidopsis wild-type and the ABA-deficient nced3-2 mutant plants were subjected to B toxicity for 7 days. We show that ABA-dependent stomatal closure is determinant for the adjustment of plant water relations under conditions of prolonged B toxicity. Results suggest that, in addition to the AtNCED3 gene, the AtNCED5 gene could also be involved in this ABA-dependent stomatal closure. Finally, our results also indicate the possible role of endogenous root ABA content in the mechanism of active efflux of B via BOR4 (efflux-type B transporter) from the root to the external environment under excess B conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Martínez-Mazón
- Departamento de Fisiología, Anatomía y Biología Celular, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, E-41013, Sevilla, Spain.
| | - Cristina Bahamonde
- Departamento de Fisiología, Anatomía y Biología Celular, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, E-41013, Sevilla, Spain.
| | - M Begoña Herrera-Rodríguez
- Departamento de Fisiología, Anatomía y Biología Celular, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, E-41013, Sevilla, Spain.
| | - Ana María Fernández-Ocaña
- Departamento de Biología Animal, Biología Vegetal y Ecología, Facultad de Ciencias Experimentales, Campus de Las Lagunillas s/n, Universidad de Jaén UJA, 23071, Jaén, Spain.
| | - Jesús Rexach
- Departamento de Fisiología, Anatomía y Biología Celular, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, E-41013, Sevilla, Spain.
| | - Agustín González-Fontes
- Departamento de Fisiología, Anatomía y Biología Celular, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, E-41013, Sevilla, Spain.
| | - Juan J Camacho-Cristóbal
- Departamento de Fisiología, Anatomía y Biología Celular, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, E-41013, Sevilla, Spain.
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23
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Jiang N, Wang L, Jiang D, Wang M, Yu H, Yao W. Combined metabolome and transcriptome analysis reveal the mechanism of eugenol inhibition of Aspergillus carbonarius growth in table grapes (Vitis vinifera L.). Food Res Int 2023; 170:112934. [PMID: 37316002 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.112934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
During storage, Aspergillus carbonarius (A. carbonarius) can easily infect grape berries, resulting in a pronounced decline in nutritional value and substantial economic loss for the grape industry. Characterised by broad-spectrum antibacterial activity, eugenol is proven to significantly inhibit A. carbonarius and ochratoxin A (OTA) in vitro. In this study, the potential mechanism of eugenol against A. carbonarius in grapes ('Kyoho') was evaluated using integrative transcriptomic and metabolomics analyses. After eugenol treatment at 50 mM, the inhibition of OTA was reduced by 100%, despite a 56.2% inhibition of A. carbonarius. In the meantime, mycelial growth was completely inhibited by 100 mM eugenol in grape berries. The application of eugenol to grapes stimulated the activity of several enzymes involved in disease resistance, namely catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD), chitinase (CHI), β-1,3-glucanase (GLU), cinnamate-4-hydroxylase (C4H), phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), 4-coumarate-CoA ligase (4CL) and glutathione (GSH) content. In addition, the contents of abscisic acid (ABA), jasmonic acid (JA) and salicylic acid (SA) in eugenol-treated grapes were higher after A. carbonarius inoculation. Combined transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis revealed that in phenylpropane biosynthesis, there were a variety of differentially expressed metabolites (DEMs) and differentially expressed genes (DEGs), and the plant hormone signalling pathway changed significantly. Among these, the levels of 47 polyphenol metabolites significantly increased in eugenol-treated grape berries compared to noneugenol-treated berries. Meanwhile, we investigated the transcript levels of 39 genes in 6 phytohormones signalling in response to eugenol-treated grape berries followed by A. carbonarius inoculation. These results suggest that eugenol positively improved the disease resistance of grapes and might be potentially beneficial for the prevention and treatment of A. carbonarius-caused disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, No.1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu Province, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, No.1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu Province, China; Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology of Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, No. 9 Middle Road of Shuguanghuayuan, Haidian District, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Liuqing Wang
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology of Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, No. 9 Middle Road of Shuguanghuayuan, Haidian District, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Dongmei Jiang
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology of Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, No. 9 Middle Road of Shuguanghuayuan, Haidian District, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Meng Wang
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology of Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, No. 9 Middle Road of Shuguanghuayuan, Haidian District, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Hang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, No.1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu Province, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, No.1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Weirong Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, No.1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu Province, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, No.1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu Province, China.
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24
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Zhu X, Fang D, Li D, Zhang J, Jiang H, Guo L, He Q, Zhang T, Macho AP, Wang E, Shen QH, Wang Y, Zhou JM, Ma W, Qiao Y. Phytophthora sojae boosts host trehalose accumulation to acquire carbon and initiate infection. Nat Microbiol 2023; 8:1561-1573. [PMID: 37386076 DOI: 10.1038/s41564-023-01420-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
Successful infection by pathogenic microbes requires effective acquisition of nutrients from their hosts. Root and stem rot caused by Phytophthora sojae is one of the most important diseases of soybean (Glycine max). However, the specific form and regulatory mechanisms of carbon acquired by P. sojae during infection remain unknown. In the present study, we show that P. sojae boosts trehalose biosynthesis in soybean through the virulence activity of an effector PsAvh413. PsAvh413 interacts with soybean trehalose-6-phosphate synthase 6 (GmTPS6) and increases its enzymatic activity to promote trehalose accumulation. P. sojae directly acquires trehalose from the host and exploits it as a carbon source to support primary infection and development in plant tissue. Importantly, GmTPS6 overexpression promoted P. sojae infection, whereas its knockdown inhibited the disease, suggesting that trehalose biosynthesis is a susceptibility factor that can be engineered to manage root and stem rot in soybean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoguo Zhu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Di Fang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Die Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianing Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haixin Jiang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liang Guo
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingyuan He
- College of Life and Health Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, China
| | - Tianyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of RNA Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Alberto P Macho
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Ertao Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Qian-Hua Shen
- Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanchao Wang
- Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jian-Min Zhou
- Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wenbo Ma
- The Sainsbury Laboratory, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK
| | - Yongli Qiao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China.
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25
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Huang P, Tate M, Berg‐Falloure KM, Christensen SA, Zhang J, Schirawski J, Meeley R, Kolomiets MV. A non-JA producing oxophytodienoate reductase functions in salicylic acid-mediated antagonism with jasmonic acid during pathogen attack. MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY 2023; 24:725-741. [PMID: 36715587 PMCID: PMC10257049 DOI: 10.1111/mpp.13299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Peroxisome-localized oxo-phytodienoic acid (OPDA) reductases (OPR) are enzymes converting 12-OPDA into jasmonic acid (JA). However, the biochemical and physiological functions of the cytoplasmic non-JA producing OPRs remain largely unknown. Here, we generated Mutator-insertional mutants of the maize OPR2 gene and tested its role in resistance to pathogens with distinct lifestyles. Functional analyses showed that the opr2 mutants were more susceptible to the (hemi)biotrophic pathogens Colletotrichum graminicola and Ustilago maydis, but were more resistant to the necrotrophic fungus Cochliobolus heterostrophus. Hormone profiling revealed that increased susceptibility to C. graminicola was associated with decreased salicylic acid (SA) but increased JA levels. Mutation of the JA-producing lipoxygenase 10 (LOX10) reversed this phenotype in the opr2 mutant background, corroborating the notion that JA promotes susceptibility to this pathogen. Exogenous SA did not rescue normal resistance levels in opr2 mutants, suggesting that this SA-inducible gene is the key downstream component of the SA-mediated defences against C. graminicola. Disease assays of the single and double opr2 and lox10 mutants and the JA-deficient opr7opr8 mutants showed that OPR2 negatively regulates JA biosynthesis, and that JA is required for resistance against C. heterostrophus. Overall, this study uncovers a novel function of a non-JA producing OPR as a major negative regulator of JA biosynthesis during pathogen infection, a function that leads to its contrasting contribution to either resistance or susceptibility depending on pathogen lifestyle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei‐Cheng Huang
- Department of Plant Pathology and MicrobiologyTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTexasUSA
| | - Morgan Tate
- Department of Plant Pathology and MicrobiologyTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTexasUSA
| | | | - Shawn A. Christensen
- Department of Plant Pathology and MicrobiologyTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTexasUSA
- Present address:
Nutrition, Dietetics, and Food ScienceBrigham Young UniversityProvoUtahUSA
| | - Jinglan Zhang
- Department of Plant Pathology and MicrobiologyTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTexasUSA
- Present address:
Obstetrics and Gynecology HospitalInstitute of Reproduction and Development, Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Jan Schirawski
- Matthias‐Schleiden Institute/Genetics, Faculty of Biological SciencesFriedrich‐Schiller UniversityJenaGermany
| | | | - Michael V. Kolomiets
- Department of Plant Pathology and MicrobiologyTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTexasUSA
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26
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Kang Z, Zhang Y, Cai X, Zhang Z, Xu Z, Meng X, Li X, Hu X. Crosstalk between 5-Aminolevulinic Acid and Abscisic Acid Adjusted Leaf Iron Accumulation and Chlorophyll Synthesis to Enhance the Cold Tolerance in Solanum lycopersicum Seedlings. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10781. [PMID: 37445959 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies found that 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) and abscisic acid (ABA) can mitigate damage from adversity by enhancing photosynthesis. However, it is not clear whether they have positive effects on iron utilization and chlorophyll synthesis of tomato seedlings under low-temperature stress. To investigate the possible functional relationship between ABA and ALA and elucidate the possible mechanisms of action of ALA to alleviate low-temperature stress in tomato seedlings, this experiment analyzed the effects of ALA and ABA on chlorophyll synthesis in tomato seedling leaves sprayed with exogenous of ALA (25 mg·L-1) or ABA (100 µM) under low-temperature stress (8-18 °C/8-12 °C, day/night). The results show that exogenous ALA increased the Fv/Fm of tomato leaves by 5.31% and increased the accumulation of iron and chlorophyll by 101.15% and 15.18%, respectively, compared to the low-temperature treatment alone, and tomato resistance of low-temperature stress was enhanced. Meanwhile, exogenous application of ALA increased the ABA content by 39.43%, and subsequent application of exogenous ABA revealed that tomato seedlings showed similar effects to exogenous ALA under low-temperature stress, with increased accumulation of iron and chlorophyll in tomato seedlings, which eventually increased the maximum photochemical efficiency of PS II. Under low-temperature stress, application of exogenous ABA significantly reduced ALA content, but the expression of key enzyme genes (PPGD, HEMB1, HEME1, and HEMF1), precursors of chlorophyll synthesis by ALA, was significantly elevated, presumably because the increased activity of these enzymes after external application of ABA accelerated ALA consumption. In conclusion, ABA may crosstalk with ALA to improve the photochemical efficiency and low temperature resistance of tomatoes by regulating chlorophyll synthesis and iron accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Kang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Engineering in Northwest, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling 712100, China
- Shaanxi Protected Agriculture Research Centre, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Engineering in Northwest, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling 712100, China
- Shaanxi Protected Agriculture Research Centre, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Xiongchun Cai
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Engineering in Northwest, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling 712100, China
- Shaanxi Protected Agriculture Research Centre, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Zhengda Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Engineering in Northwest, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling 712100, China
- Shaanxi Protected Agriculture Research Centre, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Zijian Xu
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Engineering in Northwest, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling 712100, China
- Shaanxi Protected Agriculture Research Centre, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Xiangguang Meng
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Engineering in Northwest, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling 712100, China
- Shaanxi Protected Agriculture Research Centre, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Xiaojing Li
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Engineering in Northwest, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling 712100, China
- Shaanxi Protected Agriculture Research Centre, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Xiaohui Hu
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Engineering in Northwest, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling 712100, China
- Shaanxi Protected Agriculture Research Centre, Yangling 712100, China
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27
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Fresno DH, Munné-Bosch S. Organ-specific responses during acclimation of mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal tomato plants to a mild water stress reveal differential local and systemic hormonal and nutritional adjustments. PLANTA 2023; 258:32. [PMID: 37368074 PMCID: PMC10300162 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-023-04192-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION Tomato plant acclimation to a mild water stress implied tissue-specific hormonal and nutrient adjustments, being the root one of the main modulators of this response. Phytohormones are key regulators of plant acclimation to water stress. However, it is not yet clear if these hormonal responses follow specific patterns depending on the plant tissue. In this study, we evaluated the organ-specific physiological and hormonal responses to a 14 day-long mild water stress in tomato plants (Solanum lycopersicum cv. Moneymaker) in the presence or absence of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Rhizoglomus irregulare, a frequently used microorganism in agriculture. Several physiological, production, and nutritional parameters were evaluated throughout the experiments. Additionally, endogenous hormone levels in roots, leaves, and fruits at different developmental stages were quantified by ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS). Water deficit drastically reduced shoot growth, while it did not affect fruit production. In contrast, fruit production was enhanced by mycorrhization regardless of the water treatment. The main tissue affected by water stress was the root system, where huge rearrangements in different nutrients and stress-related and growth hormones took place. Abscisic acid content increased in every tissue and fruit developmental stage, suggesting a systemic response to drought. On the other hand, jasmonate and cytokinin levels were generally reduced upon water stress, although this response was dependent on the tissue and the hormonal form. Finally, mycorrhization improved plant nutritional status content of certain macro and microelements, specially at the roots and ripe fruits, while it affected jasmonate response in the roots. Altogether, our results suggest a complex response to drought that consists in systemic and local combined hormonal and nutrient responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- David H Fresno
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety (INSA), Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sergi Munné-Bosch
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety (INSA), Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.
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28
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Pitsili E, Rodriguez-Trevino R, Ruiz-Solani N, Demir F, Kastanaki E, Dambire C, de Pedro-Jové R, Vercammen D, Salguero-Linares J, Hall H, Mantz M, Schuler M, Tuominen H, Van Breusegem F, Valls M, Munné-Bosch S, Holdsworth MJ, Huesgen PF, Rodriguez-Villalon A, Coll NS. A phloem-localized Arabidopsis metacaspase (AtMC3) improves drought tolerance. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2023. [PMID: 37320971 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Increasing drought phenomena pose a serious threat to agricultural productivity. Although plants have multiple ways to respond to the complexity of drought stress, the underlying mechanisms of stress sensing and signaling remain unclear. The role of the vasculature, in particular the phloem, in facilitating inter-organ communication is critical and poorly understood. Combining genetic, proteomic and physiological approaches, we investigated the role of AtMC3, a phloem-specific member of the metacaspase family, in osmotic stress responses in Arabidopsis thaliana. Analyses of the proteome in plants with altered AtMC3 levels revealed differential abundance of proteins related to osmotic stress pointing into a role of the protein in water-stress-related responses. Overexpression of AtMC3 conferred drought tolerance by enhancing the differentiation of specific vascular tissues and maintaining higher levels of vascular-mediated transportation, while plants lacking the protein showed an impaired response to drought and inability to respond effectively to the hormone abscisic acid. Overall, our data highlight the importance of AtMC3 and vascular plasticity in fine-tuning early drought responses at the whole plant level without affecting growth or yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugenia Pitsili
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology, Ghent University, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ricardo Rodriguez-Trevino
- Group of Plant Vascular Development, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nerea Ruiz-Solani
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Fatih Demir
- Central Institute for Engineering, Electronics and Analytics, ZEA-3, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425, Jülich, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster Cellular Stress Response in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Department of Chemistry, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty and University Hospital, Institute of Biochemistry, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 26, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Elizabeth Kastanaki
- Group of Plant Vascular Development, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Charlene Dambire
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Loughborough, LE12 5RD, UK
| | - Roger de Pedro-Jové
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Dominique Vercammen
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology, Ghent University, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jose Salguero-Linares
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Hardy Hall
- Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science Centre, Umeå University, 901 87, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Melissa Mantz
- Central Institute for Engineering, Electronics and Analytics, ZEA-3, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425, Jülich, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster Cellular Stress Response in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Department of Chemistry, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty and University Hospital, Institute of Biochemistry, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 26, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Martin Schuler
- Group of Plant Vascular Development, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Hannele Tuominen
- Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science Centre, Umeå University, 901 87, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Frank Van Breusegem
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology, Ghent University, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Marc Valls
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Genetics, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sergi Munné-Bosch
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Universitat de Barcelona, Avinguda Diagonal 643, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Research in Biodiversity (IRBio-UB), Universitat de Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Pitter F Huesgen
- Central Institute for Engineering, Electronics and Analytics, ZEA-3, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425, Jülich, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster Cellular Stress Response in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Department of Chemistry, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty and University Hospital, Institute of Biochemistry, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 26, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Antia Rodriguez-Villalon
- Group of Plant Vascular Development, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nuria S Coll
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193, Barcelona, Spain
- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 08001, Barcelona, Spain
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29
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Álvarez F, Moya M, Rivera-Mora C, Zúñiga PE, Jara-Cornejo K, Muñoz P, Ayala-Raso A, Munné-Bosch S, Figueroa CR, Figueroa NE, Valdenegro M, Alvaro JE, Schwab W, Defilippi BG, Fuentes L. Abscisic Acid Synthesis and Signaling during the Ripening of Raspberry ( Rubus idaeus 'Heritage') Fruit. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:plants12091882. [PMID: 37176940 PMCID: PMC10180958 DOI: 10.3390/plants12091882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.) fruit is characterized by its richness in functional molecules and high nutritional value, but the high rate of fruit softening limits its quality during postharvest. Raspberry drupelets have a particular ripening regulation, depending partially on the effect of ethylene produced from the receptacle. However, the possible role of abscisic acid (ABA) in the modulation of quality parameters during the ripening of raspberry is unclear. This study characterized the fruit quality-associated parameters and hormonal contents during fruit development in two seasons. The quality parameters showed typical changes during ripening: a drastic loss of firmness, increase in soluble solids content, loss of acidity, and turning to a red color from the large green stage to fully ripe fruit in both seasons. A significant increase in the ABA content was observed during the ripening of drupelets and receptacles, with the higher content in the receptacle of ripe and overripe stages compared to the large green stage. Moreover, identification of ABA biosynthesis-(9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase/NCED) and ABA receptor-related genes (PYRs-like receptors) showed three genes encoding RiNCEDs and nine genes for RiPYLs. The expression level of these genes increased from the large green stage to the full-ripe stage, specifically characterized by a higher expression of RiNCED1 in the receptacle tissue. This study reports a consistent concomitant increase in the ABA content and the expression of RiNCED1, RiPYL1, and RiPYL8 during the ripening of the raspberry fruit, thus supporting the role for ABA signaling in drupelets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Álvarez
- Centro Regional de Estudios en Alimentos Saludables (CREAS), CONICYT-Regional GORE Valparaíso Proyecto R17A10001, Avenida Universidad 330, Placilla, Curauma, Valparaíso 2362696, Chile
| | - Mario Moya
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidad de Talca, Talca 3465548, Chile
| | - Claudia Rivera-Mora
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidad de Talca, Talca 3465548, Chile
- Millennium Nucleus for the Development of Super Adaptable Plants (MN-SAP), Santiago 8340755, Chile
| | - Paz E Zúñiga
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidad de Talca, Talca 3465548, Chile
- Millennium Nucleus for the Development of Super Adaptable Plants (MN-SAP), Santiago 8340755, Chile
| | - Karla Jara-Cornejo
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidad de Talca, Talca 3465548, Chile
- Millennium Nucleus for the Development of Super Adaptable Plants (MN-SAP), Santiago 8340755, Chile
| | - Paula Muñoz
- Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecología i Ciències Ambientals, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Avinguda Diagonal, 645, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Aníbal Ayala-Raso
- Instituto de Estadística, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2360102, Chile
| | - Sergi Munné-Bosch
- Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecología i Ciències Ambientals, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Avinguda Diagonal, 645, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carlos R Figueroa
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidad de Talca, Talca 3465548, Chile
- Millennium Nucleus for the Development of Super Adaptable Plants (MN-SAP), Santiago 8340755, Chile
| | - Nicolás E Figueroa
- Biotechnology of Natural Products, Technical University Munich, D-85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Mónika Valdenegro
- Escuela de Agronomía, Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas y de los Alimentos, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Casilla 4-D, Quillota 2260000, Chile
| | - Juan E Alvaro
- Escuela de Agronomía, Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas y de los Alimentos, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Casilla 4-D, Quillota 2260000, Chile
| | - Wilfried Schwab
- Biotechnology of Natural Products, Technical University Munich, D-85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Bruno G Defilippi
- Unidad de Postcosecha, INIA La Platina, Santa Rosa, Santiago 8820000, Chile
| | - Lida Fuentes
- Centro Regional de Estudios en Alimentos Saludables (CREAS), CONICYT-Regional GORE Valparaíso Proyecto R17A10001, Avenida Universidad 330, Placilla, Curauma, Valparaíso 2362696, Chile
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30
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Youssef D, El-Bakatoushi R, Elframawy A, El-Sadek L, Badan GE. Molecular phylogenetic study of flavonoids in medicinal plants: a case study family Apiaceae. JOURNAL OF PLANT RESEARCH 2023; 136:305-322. [PMID: 36853579 PMCID: PMC10126080 DOI: 10.1007/s10265-023-01442-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The current study examined the phylogenetic pattern of medicinal species of the family Apiaceae based on flavonoid groups production, as well as the overall mechanism of the key genes involved in flavonol and flavone production. Thirteen species of the family Apiaceae were used, including Eryngium campestre from the subfamily Saniculoideae, as well as Cuminum cyminum, Carum carvi, Coriandrum sativum, Apium graveolens, Petroselinum crispum, Pimpinella anisum, Anethum graveolens, Foeniculum vulgare, Daucus carota, Ammi majus, Torilis arvensis, and Deverra tortuosa from the subfamily Apioideae. The seeds were cultivated, and the leaves were collected to estimate flavonoids and their groups, physiological factors, transcription levels of flavonol and flavone production-related genes. The phylogenetic relationship between the studied species was established using the L-ribosomal 16 (rpl16) chloroplast gene. The results revealed that the studied species were divided into two patterns: six plant species, E. campestre, C. carvi, C. sativum, P. anisum, An. graveolens, and D. carota, contained low content of flavonoids, while the other seven species had high content. This pattern of flavonoids production coincided with the phylogenetic relationships between the studied species. In contrast, the phylogeny of the flavonol and flavone synthase genes was incompatible with the quantitative production of their products. The study concluded that the increment in the production of flavonol depends on the high expression of chalcone synthase, chalcone isomerase, flavanone 3 hydroxylase, flavonol synthase, the increase of Abscisic acid, sucrose, and phenyl ammonia lyase, while flavone mainly depends on evolution and on the high expression of the flavone synthase gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalia Youssef
- Biology and Geology Sciences Department, Faculty of Education, University of Alexandria, EgyptAlexandria, El-Shatby, 21526, Egypt.
| | - Ranya El-Bakatoushi
- Biology and Geology Sciences Department, Faculty of Education, University of Alexandria, EgyptAlexandria, El-Shatby, 21526, Egypt
| | - Asmaa Elframawy
- Nucleic Acids Research Department, Genetic Engineering & Biotechnology Research Institute (GEBRI), City for Scientific Research and Technological Applications, Borg El-Arab, Alexandria, 21933, Egypt
| | - Laila El-Sadek
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Camp Caesar, Alexandria, 21525, Egypt
| | - Ghada El Badan
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Camp Caesar, Alexandria, 21525, Egypt
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31
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Alluqmani SM, Alabdallah NM. Exogenous application of carbon nanoparticles alleviates drought stress by regulating water status, chlorophyll fluorescence, osmoprotectants, and antioxidant enzyme activity in Capsicum annumn L. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:57423-57433. [PMID: 36966248 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-26606-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Drought is one of the most important abiotic stresses that has a huge negative effect on crop yield. Carbon nanoparticles (CNPs) have received greater attention for their impact on the plants under abiotic stress conditions. However, it is urgently required to apply CNPs to the chili pepper (Capsicum annuum L. cv. Kaskada), which has not yet been studied. The goal of this study was to find out how CNPs affect the growth of chili pepper plants, chlorophyll pigments, proline content, and the activity of antioxidant enzymes when the plants are stressed by drought. Therefore, we synthesized and functionalized CNPs of oil fly ash by one-pot ball milling fabrication. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was used to identify oxidative moieties on the CNPs surface after exposure to nitric and acetic acids. In the present study, functionalized CNPs were sprayed onto the leaves of 20-day-old plants at various concentrations (6 and 12 mg L-1) to determine their effects. We demonstrate that drought stress considerably reduces the plant height, fresh weight (FW), and dry weight (DW). Nevertheless, the exogenous application of functionalized CNPs caused an increase in relative water content (RWC), chlorophyll stability index (CSI), and chlorophyll fluorescence (Fv/Fm) under drought stress. Exogenous functionalized CNPs dramatically increased proline content under drought by reducing abscisic acid (ABA) content in the leaves. When subjected to drought stress, functionalized CNPs boosted antioxidant activities such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activity. Overall, the positive effects of CNPs on chili pepper seedlings open up new possibilities for developing innovative agricultural techniques, especially when plants are grown in drought conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saleh M Alluqmani
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nadiyah M Alabdallah
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam, 31441, Saudi Arabia.
- Basic and Applied Scientific Research Centre, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam, 31441, Saudi Arabia.
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32
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Zaghdoud C, Ollio I, Solano CJ, Ochoa J, Suardiaz J, Fernández JA, Martínez Ballesta MDC. Red LED Light Improves Pepper ( Capsicum annuum L.) Seed Radicle Emergence and Growth through the Modulation of Aquaporins, Hormone Homeostasis, and Metabolite Remobilization. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054779. [PMID: 36902208 PMCID: PMC10002511 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Red LED light (R LED) is an efficient tool to improve seed germination and plant growth under controlled environments since it is more readily absorbed by photoreceptors' phytochromes compared to other wavelengths of the spectrum. In this work, the effect of R LED on the radicle emergence and growth (Phase III of germination) of pepper seeds was evaluated. Thus, the impact of R LED on water transport through different intrinsic membrane proteins, via aquaporin (AQP) isoforms, was determined. In addition, the remobilization of distinct metabolites such as amino acids, sugars, organic acids, and hormones was analysed. R LED induced a higher germination speed index, regulated by an increased water uptake. PIP2;3 and PIP2;5 aquaporin isoforms were highly expressed and could contribute to a faster and more effective hydration of embryo tissues, leading to a reduction of the germination time. By contrast, TIP1;7, TIP1;8, TIP3;1 and TIP3;2 gene expressions were reduced in R LED-treated seeds, pointing to a lower need for protein remobilization. NIP4;5 and XIP1;1 were also involved in radicle growth but their role needs to be elucidated. In addition, R LED induced changes in amino acids and organic acids as well as sugars. Therefore, an advanced metabolome oriented to a higher energetic metabolism was observed, conditioning better seed germination performance together with a rapid water flux.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chokri Zaghdoud
- Bureau de Transfert de Technologie (BuTT), Université de Gafsa, Gafsa 2112, Tunisia
| | - Irene Ollio
- Ingeniería Agronómica, Technical University of Cartagena, Paseo Alfonso XIII 48, E-30203 Cartagena, Spain
- Recursos Fitogenéticos, Instituto de Biotecnología Vegetal, Edificio I+D+i, E-30202 Cartagena, Spain
| | - Cristóbal J. Solano
- División of Innovation in Telematic Systems and Electronic Technology (DINTEL), Technical University of Cartagena, Campus Muralla del Mar, s/n, E-30202 Cartagena, Spain
| | - Jesús Ochoa
- Ingeniería Agronómica, Technical University of Cartagena, Paseo Alfonso XIII 48, E-30203 Cartagena, Spain
- Recursos Fitogenéticos, Instituto de Biotecnología Vegetal, Edificio I+D+i, E-30202 Cartagena, Spain
| | - Juan Suardiaz
- División of Innovation in Telematic Systems and Electronic Technology (DINTEL), Technical University of Cartagena, Campus Muralla del Mar, s/n, E-30202 Cartagena, Spain
| | - Juan A. Fernández
- Ingeniería Agronómica, Technical University of Cartagena, Paseo Alfonso XIII 48, E-30203 Cartagena, Spain
- Recursos Fitogenéticos, Instituto de Biotecnología Vegetal, Edificio I+D+i, E-30202 Cartagena, Spain
| | - María del Carmen Martínez Ballesta
- Ingeniería Agronómica, Technical University of Cartagena, Paseo Alfonso XIII 48, E-30203 Cartagena, Spain
- Recursos Fitogenéticos, Instituto de Biotecnología Vegetal, Edificio I+D+i, E-30202 Cartagena, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-968-325457
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33
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Tran S, Ison M, Ferreira Dias NC, Ortega MA, Chen YFS, Peper A, Hu L, Xu D, Mozaffari K, Severns PM, Yao Y, Tsai CJ, Teixeira PJPL, Yang L. Endogenous salicylic acid suppresses de novo root regeneration from leaf explants. PLoS Genet 2023; 19:e1010636. [PMID: 36857386 PMCID: PMC10010561 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1010636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Plants can regenerate new organs from damaged or detached tissues. In the process of de novo root regeneration (DNRR), adventitious roots are frequently formed from the wound site on a detached leaf. Salicylic acid (SA) is a key phytohormone regulating plant defenses and stress responses. The role of SA and its acting mechanisms during de novo organogenesis is still unclear. Here, we found that endogenous SA inhibited the adventitious root formation after cutting. Free SA rapidly accumulated at the wound site, which was accompanied by an activation of SA response. SA receptors NPR3 and NPR4, but not NPR1, were required for DNRR. Wounding-elevated SA compromised the expression of AUX1, and subsequent transport of auxin to the wound site. A mutation in AUX1 abolished the enhanced DNRR in low SA mutants. Our work elucidates a role of SA in regulating DNRR and suggests a potential link between biotic stress and tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sorrel Tran
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agricultural & Environmental Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Madalene Ison
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agricultural & Environmental Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America
| | | | - Maria Andrea Ortega
- Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America
- Department of Genetics, Franklin College of Arts and Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America
- Department of Plant Biology, Franklin College of Arts and Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Yun-Fan Stephanie Chen
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agricultural & Environmental Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Alan Peper
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agricultural & Environmental Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Lanxi Hu
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agricultural & Environmental Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Dawei Xu
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agricultural & Environmental Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Khadijeh Mozaffari
- Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Paul M. Severns
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agricultural & Environmental Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Yao Yao
- Department of Animal and Diary Sciences, College of Agricultural & Environmental Sciences, University of Georgia, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Chung-Jui Tsai
- Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America
- Department of Genetics, Franklin College of Arts and Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America
- Department of Plant Biology, Franklin College of Arts and Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Paulo José Pereira Lima Teixeira
- Department of Biology, "Luiz de Queiroz" College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- * E-mail: (PJPLT); (LY)
| | - Li Yang
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agricultural & Environmental Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America
- * E-mail: (PJPLT); (LY)
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Pasques O, Munné-Bosch S. Physiological mechanisms underlying extreme longevity in mountain pine trees. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 191:974-985. [PMID: 36440969 PMCID: PMC9922391 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiac540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Ancient trees are life history longevity winners that mostly persist in remote and environmentally harsh mountainous areas. Here, we performed a multifeature analysis in a protected mature mountain pine (Pinus uncinata) forest to identify the morphological and physiological traits that make these trees unique. We compared the physiology of meristematic and somatic tissues (apical buds and needles, respectively) from juvenile, mature young, mature old, and mature ancient trees under cold stress and nonstress conditions. We successfully identified key morphological features of extreme longevity at the organism level, as well as various growth, vigor, stress, and dormancy markers underlying extreme longevity in old and ancient trees. Results indicated that evolution has exerted selective pressure on specific physiological traits that make trees become longevity winners (<0.1% of the tree population were ancient trees, with an average trunk diameter >100 cm and an estimated age of 700 years). Traits entailing longevity not only included apical dominance loss, epicormic growth, and modular senescence, but also an extreme plasticity in both meristematic and somatic tissues (buds and needles, respectively), as shown by various physiological markers. In conclusion, ancient trees are oddities that not only possess a unique ecological value but also show divergent physiological behaviors selected during their evolution to allow them to cope with adversities and attain long life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ot Pasques
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Sergi Munné-Bosch
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona 08028, Spain
- Research Institute in Biodiversity (IRBio), University of Barcelona, Barcelona 08028, Spain
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Fresno DH, Solé‐Corbatón H, Munné‐Bosch S. Water stress protection by the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Rhizoglomus irregulare involves physiological and hormonal responses in an organ-specific manner. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2023; 175:e13854. [PMID: 36651309 PMCID: PMC10108154 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi may alleviate water stress in plants. Although several protection mechanisms have already been described, little information is available on how these fungi influence the hormonal response to water stress at an organ-specific level. In this study, we evaluated the physiological and hormonal responses to water stress in above and below-ground tissues of the legume grass Trifolium repens colonized by the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Rhizoglomus irregulare. Plants were subjected to progressive water stress and recovery. Different leaf and root physiological parameters, as well as phytohormone levels, were quantified. Water-stressed mycorrhizal plants showed an improved water status and no photoinhibition compared to uncolonized individuals, while some stress markers like α-tocopherol and malondialdehyde content, an indicator of the extent of lipid peroxidation, transiently increased in roots, but not in leaves. Water stress protection exerted by mycorrhiza appeared to be related to a differential root-to-shoot redox signaling, probably mediated by jasmonates, and mycorrhization enhanced the production of the cytokinin trans-zeatin in both roots and leaves. Overall, our results suggest that mycorrhization affects physiological, redox and hormonal responses to water stress at an organ-specific level, which may eventually modulate the final protection of the host from water stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- David H. Fresno
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of BiologyUniversity of BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety (INSA), Faculty of BiologyUniversity of BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
| | - Helena Solé‐Corbatón
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of BiologyUniversity of BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
| | - Sergi Munné‐Bosch
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of BiologyUniversity of BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety (INSA), Faculty of BiologyUniversity of BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
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Botton A, Girardi F, Ruperti B, Brilli M, Tijero V, Eccher G, Populin F, Schievano E, Riello T, Munné-Bosch S, Canton M, Rasori A, Cardillo V, Meggio F. Grape Berry Responses to Sequential Flooding and Heatwave Events: A Physiological, Transcriptional, and Metabolic Overview. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:3574. [PMID: 36559686 PMCID: PMC9788187 DOI: 10.3390/plants11243574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Grapevine cultivation, such as the whole horticulture, is currently challenged by several factors, among which the extreme weather events occurring under the climate change scenario are the most relevant. Within this context, the present study aims at characterizing at the berry level the physiological response of Vitis vinifera cv. Sauvignon Blanc to sequential stresses simulated under a semi-controlled environment: flooding at bud-break followed by multiple summer stress (drought plus heatwave) occurring at pre-vèraison. Transcriptomic and metabolomic assessments were performed through RNASeq and NMR, respectively. A comprehensive hormone profiling was also carried out. Results pointed out a different response to the heatwave in the two situations. Flooding caused a developmental advance, determining a different physiological background in the berry, thus affecting its response to the summer stress at both transcriptional levels, with the upregulation of genes involved in oxidative stress responses, and metabolic level, with the increase in osmoprotectants, such as proline and other amino acids. In conclusion, sequential stress, including a flooding event at bud-break followed by a summer heatwave, may impact phenological development and berry ripening, with possible consequences on berry and wine quality. A berry physiological model is presented that may support the development of sustainable vineyard management solutions to improve the water use efficiency and adaptation capacity of actual viticultural systems to future scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Botton
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment—DAFNAE, University of Padova, Agripolis, Viale dell’università 16, Legnaro, 35020 Padova, Italy
- Interdepartmental Research Centre for Viticulture and Enology—CIRVE, University of Padova, Via XXVIII Aprile 14, Conegliano, 31015 Treviso, Italy
| | - Francesco Girardi
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment—DAFNAE, University of Padova, Agripolis, Viale dell’università 16, Legnaro, 35020 Padova, Italy
| | - Benedetto Ruperti
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment—DAFNAE, University of Padova, Agripolis, Viale dell’università 16, Legnaro, 35020 Padova, Italy
- Interdepartmental Research Centre for Viticulture and Enology—CIRVE, University of Padova, Via XXVIII Aprile 14, Conegliano, 31015 Treviso, Italy
| | - Matteo Brilli
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Via Celoria 26, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Veronica Tijero
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment—DAFNAE, University of Padova, Agripolis, Viale dell’università 16, Legnaro, 35020 Padova, Italy
| | - Giulia Eccher
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment—DAFNAE, University of Padova, Agripolis, Viale dell’università 16, Legnaro, 35020 Padova, Italy
| | - Francesca Populin
- Unit of Fruit Crop Genetics and Breeding, Research and Innovation Centre—CRI, Edmund Mach Foundation—FEM, Via E. Mach 1, San Michele all’Adige, 38098 Trento, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Schievano
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Tobia Riello
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Sergi Munné-Bosch
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, University of Barcelona, Diagonal 643, 08017 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Monica Canton
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment—DAFNAE, University of Padova, Agripolis, Viale dell’università 16, Legnaro, 35020 Padova, Italy
| | - Angela Rasori
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment—DAFNAE, University of Padova, Agripolis, Viale dell’università 16, Legnaro, 35020 Padova, Italy
| | - Valerio Cardillo
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment—DAFNAE, University of Padova, Agripolis, Viale dell’università 16, Legnaro, 35020 Padova, Italy
| | - Franco Meggio
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment—DAFNAE, University of Padova, Agripolis, Viale dell’università 16, Legnaro, 35020 Padova, Italy
- Interdepartmental Research Centre for Viticulture and Enology—CIRVE, University of Padova, Via XXVIII Aprile 14, Conegliano, 31015 Treviso, Italy
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Kong X, Guo Z, Yao Y, Xia L, Liu R, Song H, Zhang S. Acetic acid alters rhizosphere microbes and metabolic composition to improve willows drought resistance. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 844:157132. [PMID: 35798115 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The adverse effects of drought on plants are gradually exacerbated with global climatic change. Amelioration of the drought stress that is induced by low doses of acetic acid (AA) has been caused great interest in plants. However, whether AA can change soil microbial composition is still unknown. Here, we investigated how exogenous AA regulates the physiology, rhizosphere soil microorganisms and metabolic composition on Salix myrtillacea under drought stress. The physiological results showed that AA could improve the drought tolerance of S. myrtillacea. Azotobacter and Pseudomonas were enriched in the rhizosphere by AA irrigation. AA significantly increased the relative contents of amino acid metabolites (e.g., glycyl-L-tyrosine, l-glutamine and seryl-tryptophan) and decreased the relative contents of phenylpropane metabolites (e.g., fraxetin and sinapyl aldehyde) in soils. The enrichments of Azotobacter and Pseudomonas were significantly correlated with glycyl-L-tyrosine, l-glutamine, seryl-tryptophan, fraxetin and sinapyl aldehyde, which could increase the stress resistance by promoting nitrogen (N) uptake for willows. Furthermore, inoculation with Azotobacter chroococcum and Pseudomonas fluorescens could significantly improve willows drought tolerance. Therefore, our results reveal that the changes of plant physiology, rhizosphere soil microorganisms and metabolic composition induced by AA can improve willows drought resistance by enhancing N uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangge Kong
- Key Laboratory for Bio-resources and Eco-environment of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Zian Guo
- Key Laboratory for Bio-resources and Eco-environment of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Yuan Yao
- Key Laboratory for Bio-resources and Eco-environment of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Linchao Xia
- Key Laboratory for Bio-resources and Eco-environment of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Ruixuan Liu
- Key Laboratory for Bio-resources and Eco-environment of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Haifeng Song
- Key Laboratory for Bio-resources and Eco-environment of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Sheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Bio-resources and Eco-environment of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
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Muñoz P, Almajano MP, Álvarez C, Hidalgo GI, Munné-Bosch S. Mixing fruits in ready-to-eat packaging leads to physiological changes that modify quality attributes and antioxidant composition. Food Control 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2022.109129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Root Colonization by Fungal Entomopathogen Systemically Primes Belowground Plant Defense against Cabbage Root Fly. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:jof8090969. [PMID: 36135694 PMCID: PMC9505207 DOI: 10.3390/jof8090969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Entomopathogenic fungi infect insects via spores but also live inside plant tissues as endophytes. Frequently, colonization by entomopathogens provides plants with increased resistance against insects, but the mechanisms are little understood. This study investigated direct, local, and systemic root-mediated interactions between isolates of the fungus Metarhizium brunneum and larvae of the cabbage root fly (CRF) Delia radicum attacking Brassica napus plants. All fungal isolates infected CRF when conidia were present in the soil, leading to 43–93% mortality. Locally, root-associated M. brunneum isolates reduced herbivore damage by 10–20% and in three out of five isolates caused significant insect mortality due to plant-mediated and/or direct effects. A split-root experiment with isolate Gd12 also demonstrated systemic plant resistance with significantly reduced root collar damage by CRF. LC-MS analyses showed that fungal root colonization did not induce changes in phytohormones, while herbivory increased jasmonic acid (JA) and glucosinolate concentrations. Proteinase inhibitor gene expression was also increased. Fungal colonization, however, primed herbivore-induced JA and the expression of the JA-responsive plant defensin 1.2 (PDF1.2) gene. We conclude that root-associated M. brunneum benefits plant health through multiple mechanisms, such as the direct infection of insects, as well as the local and systemic priming of the JA pathway.
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Hadizadeh I, Peivastegan B, Wang J, Sipari N, Nielsen KL, Pirhonen M. Gene expression and phytohormone levels in the asymptomatic and symptomatic phases of infection in potato tubers inoculated with Dickeya solani. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0273481. [PMID: 36037153 PMCID: PMC9423618 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0273481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Dickeya solani is a soft rot bacterium with high virulence. In potato, D. solani, like the other potato-infecting soft rot bacteria, causes rotting and wilting of the stems and rotting of tubers in the field and in storage. Latent, asymptomatic infections of potato tubers are common in harvested tubers, and if the storage conditions are not optimal, the latent infection turns into active rotting. We characterized potato gene expression in artificially inoculated tubers in nonsymptomatic, early infections 1 and 24 hours post-inoculation (hpi) and compared the results to the response in symptomatic tuber tissue 1 week (168 hpi) later with RNA-Seq. In the beginning of the infection, potato tubers expressed genes involved in the detection of the bacterium through pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), which induced genes involved in PAMPs-triggered immunity, resistance, production of pathogenesis-related proteins, ROS, secondary metabolites and salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonic acid (JA) biosynthesis and signaling genes. In the symptomatic tuber tissue one week later, the PAMPs-triggered gene expression was downregulated, whereas primary metabolism was affected, most likely leading to free sugars fueling plant defense but possibly also aiding the growth of the pathogen. In the symptomatic tubers, pectic enzymes and cell wall-based defenses were activated. Measurement of hormone production revealed increased SA concentration and almost no JA in the asymptomatic tubers at the beginning of the infection and high level of JA and reduced SA in the symptomatic tubers one week later. These findings suggest that potato tubers rely on different defense strategies in the different phases of D. solani infection even when the infection takes place in fully susceptible plants incubated in conditions leading to rotting. These results support the idea that D. solani is a biotroph rather than a true necrotroph.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iman Hadizadeh
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Bahram Peivastegan
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jinhui Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Hebei, China
| | - Nina Sipari
- Viikki Metabolomics Unit, Faculty of Biological and Environmental sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Minna Pirhonen
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- * E-mail:
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Niu L, Du C, Wang W, Zhang M, Wang W, Liu H, Zhang J, Wu X. Transcriptome and co-expression network analyses of key genes and pathways associated with differential abscisic acid accumulation during maize seed maturation. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 22:359. [PMID: 35869440 PMCID: PMC9308322 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03751-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Currently, mechanical maize kernel harvesting has not been fully utilized in developing countries including China, partly due to the absence of suitable cultivars capable of rapid desiccation during seed maturation. The initiation of rapid desiccation during seed maturation is regulated by abscisic acid (ABA). For further characterization of ABA-regulated key genes and cellular events, it is necessary to perform transcriptome analysis of maize developing embryos. The ABA synthesis-deficient mutant (vp5) and normal maize (Vp5) seeds are suitable materials for such purpose. RESULTS In the present work, developing vp5 and Vp5 embryos were compared by ABA content and transcriptome analyses. Quantitative analysis revealed the significant difference in ABA synthesis between both genotypes. From 29 days after pollination (DAP), ABA content increased rapidly in Vp5 embryos, but decreased gradually in vp5 embryos. At 36 DAP, ABA level in vp5 decreased to 1/4 that of Vp5, suggesting that the differential ABA levels would affect seed maturation. Comparative transcriptomic analysis has found 1019 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between both genotypes, with the most DEGs (818) at 36 DAP. Further, weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA) revealed eight DEGs co-expression modules. Particularly, a module was negatively correlated with ABA content in vp5 embryos. The module was mainly involved in metabolic and cellular processes, and its hub genes encoded thiamine, NPF proteins, calmodulin, metallothionein etc. Moreover, the expression of a set of key genes regulated by ABA was further verified by RT-qPCR. The results of the present work suggested that because of ABA deficiency, the vp5 seeds maintained strong metabolic activities and lacked dormancy initiation during seed maturation. CONCLUSION Transcriptome and WGCNA analyses revealed significant ABA-related changes in metabolic pathways and DEGs between vp5 and Vp5 during seed maturation. The results would provide insights for elucidating the molecular mechanism of ABA signaling and developing high dehydration tolerance maize suitable for mechanical harvesting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangjie Niu
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Cui Du
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wenrui Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Man Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wei Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hui Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jinghua Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaolin Wu
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
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Arabia A, Munné-Bosch S, Muñoz P. Melatonin triggers tissue-specific changes in anthocyanin and hormonal contents during postharvest decay of Angeleno plums. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 320:111287. [PMID: 35643621 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2022.111287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Plum is a stone fruit that stands out for having a short shelf-life because of its high susceptibility to rapid deterioration. Part of this deterioration is explained by fruit overripening. Recently, the role of melatonin in delaying postharvest decay has been investigated but its regulatory function during overripening is still under extensive debate. In this study, to understand physiological events taking place in plums overripening and elucidate the role of melatonin on the postharvest quality of these fruits and its relationship to other plant hormones, Angeleno plums were sprayed with 10-4 M of melatonin solution immediately after harvest. We carried out tissue-specific (mesocarp and exocarp) analysis of total phenols and anthocyanin quantification, as well as the evaluation of different phytohormones by LC-MS/MS and fruit quality parameters. Results showed that during postharvest, endogenous melatonin contents decreased both in the mesocarp and the exocarp of Angeleno plums. Likewise, plum firmness also decreased and a strong correlation was found for this parameter with jasmonic acid (JA) and cytokinins. Conversely, after exogenous melatonin application, endogenous melatonin content increased both in mesocarp and exocarp but it had a differential effect depending on the plum tissue. Indeed, total phenol and anthocyanin contents arose by 21% and 58%, respectively, in the mesocarp after melatonin treatment but no variations were found in the exocarp of Angeleno plums. Hormonal analysis of Angeleno mesocarp also revealed an increase in the JA and its precursor, 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid (OPDA), on the fourth day after melatonin application as well as a positive correlation between melatonin and gibberellin 1 (GA1). These results suggest that melatonin may be acting as a signal molecule increasing phenolic compounds contents through direct regulation and by signaling with other phytohormones. Therefore, this research provides valuable information for understanding the regulatory role of melatonin and its relationship with plant hormones during overripening to contribute to improve the postharvest quality of plums.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Arabia
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Research Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sergi Munné-Bosch
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Research Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Paula Muñoz
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Research Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
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Wang Y, Zhou Y, Liang J. Characterization of Organellar-Specific ABA Responses during Environmental Stresses in Tobacco Cells and Arabidopsis Plants. Cells 2022; 11:2039. [PMID: 35805123 PMCID: PMC9265483 DOI: 10.3390/cells11132039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Abscisic acid (ABA) is a critical phytohormone involved in multifaceted processes in plant metabolism and growth under both stressed and nonstressed conditions. Its accumulation in various tissues and cells has long been established as a biomarker for plant stress responses. To date, a comprehensive understanding of ABA distribution and dynamics at subcellular resolution in response to environmental cues is still lacking. Here, we modified the previously developed ABA sensor ABAleon2.1_Tao3 (Tao3) and targeted it to different organelles including the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), chloroplast/plastid, and nucleus through the addition of corresponding signal peptides. Together with the cytosolic Tao3, we show distinct ABA distribution patterns in different tobacco cells with the chloroplast showing a lower level of ABA in both cell types. In a tobacco mesophyll cell, organellar ABA displayed specific alterations depending on osmotic stimulus, with ABA levels being generally enhanced under a lower and higher concentration of salt and mannitol treatment, respectively. In Arabidopsis roots, cells from both the meristem and elongation zone accumulated ABA considerably in the cytoplasm upon mannitol treatment, while the plastid and nuclear ABA was generally reduced dependent upon specific cell types. In Arabidopsis leaf tissue, subcellular ABA seemed to be less responsive when stressed, with notable increases of ER ABA in epidermal cells and a reduction of nuclear ABA in guard cells. Together, our results present a detailed characterization of stimulus-dependent cell type-specific organellar ABA responses in tobacco and Arabidopsis plants, supporting a highly coordinated regulatory network for mediating subcellular ABA homeostasis during plant adaptation processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhu Wang
- Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China;
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Design for Plant Cell Factory of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yeling Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Design for Plant Cell Factory of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Jiansheng Liang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Design for Plant Cell Factory of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
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MacIntyre AM, Meline V, Gorman Z, Augustine SP, Dye CJ, Hamilton CD, Iyer-Pascuzzi AS, Kolomiets MV, McCulloh KA, Allen C. Trehalose increases tomato drought tolerance, induces defenses, and increases resistance to bacterial wilt disease. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0266254. [PMID: 35476629 PMCID: PMC9045674 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0266254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ralstonia solanacearum causes bacterial wilt disease, leading to severe crop losses. Xylem sap from R. solanacearum-infected tomato is enriched in the disaccharide trehalose. Water-stressed plants also accumulate trehalose, which increases drought tolerance via abscisic acid (ABA) signaling. Because R. solanacearum-infected plants suffer reduced water flow, we hypothesized that bacterial wilt physiologically mimics drought stress, which trehalose could mitigate. We found that R. solanacearum-infected plants differentially expressed drought-associated genes, including those involved in ABA and trehalose metabolism, and had more ABA in xylem sap. Consistent with this, treating tomato roots with ABA reduced both stomatal conductance and stem colonization by R. solanacearum. Treating roots with trehalose increased xylem sap ABA and reduced plant water use by lowering stomatal conductance and temporarily improving water use efficiency. Trehalose treatment also upregulated expression of salicylic acid (SA)-dependent tomato defense genes; increased xylem sap levels of SA and other antimicrobial compounds; and increased bacterial wilt resistance of SA-insensitive NahG tomato plants. Additionally, trehalose treatment increased xylem concentrations of jasmonic acid and related oxylipins. Finally, trehalose-treated plants were substantially more resistant to bacterial wilt disease. Together, these data show that exogenous trehalose reduced both water stress and bacterial wilt disease and triggered systemic disease resistance, possibly through a Damage Associated Molecular Pattern (DAMP) response pathway. This suite of responses revealed unexpected linkages between plant responses to biotic and abiotic stress and suggested that R. solanacearum-infected plants increase trehalose to improve water use efficiency and increase wilt disease resistance. The pathogen may degrade trehalose to counter these efforts. Together, these results suggest that treating tomatoes with exogenous trehalose could be a practical strategy for bacterial wilt management.
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Affiliation(s)
- April M. MacIntyre
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States of America
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States of America
| | - Valerian Meline
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States of America
| | - Zachary Gorman
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States of America
| | - Steven P. Augustine
- Department of Botany, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States of America
| | - Carolyn J. Dye
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States of America
| | - Corri D. Hamilton
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States of America
| | - Anjali S. Iyer-Pascuzzi
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States of America
| | - Michael V. Kolomiets
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States of America
| | - Katherine A. McCulloh
- Department of Botany, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States of America
| | - Caitilyn Allen
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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PpSAUR43, an Auxin-Responsive Gene, Is Involved in the Post-Ripening and Softening of Peaches. HORTICULTURAE 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/horticulturae8050379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Auxin’s role in the post-ripening of peaches is widely recognized as important. However, little is known about the processes by which auxin regulates fruit post-ripening. As one of the early auxin-responsive genes, it is critical to understand the role of small auxin-up RNA (SAUR) genes in fruit post-ripening and softening. Herein, we identified 72 PpSAUR auxin-responsive factors in the peach genome and divided them into eight subfamilies based on phylogenetic analysis. Subsequently, the members related to peach post-ripening in the PpSAUR gene family were screened, and we targeted PpSAUR43. The expression of PpSAUR43 was decreased with fruit post-ripening in melting flesh (MF) fruit and was high in non-melting flesh (NMF) fruit. The overexpression of PpSAUR43 showed a slower rate of firmness decline, reduced ethylene production, and a delayed fruit post-ripening process. The MADS-box gene family plays an important regulatory role in fruit ripening. In this study, we showed with yeast two-hybrid (Y2H) and bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BIFC) experiments that PpSAUR43 can interact with the MADS-box transcription factor PpCMB1(PpMADS2), which indicates that PpSAUR43 may inhibit fruit ripening by suppressing the function of the PpCMB1 protein. Together, these results indicate that PpSAUR43 acts as a negative regulator involved in the peach post-ripening process.
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Lan X, Wang X, Tao Q, Zhang H, Li J, Meng Y, Shan W. Activation of the VQ Motif-Containing Protein Gene VQ28 Compromised Nonhost Resistance of Arabidopsis thaliana to Phytophthora Pathogens. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:plants11070858. [PMID: 35406838 PMCID: PMC9002740 DOI: 10.3390/plants11070858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Nonhost resistance refers to resistance of a plant species to all genetic variants of a non-adapted pathogen. Such resistance has the potential to become broad-spectrum and durable crop disease resistance. We previously employed Arabidopsis thaliana and a forward genetics approach to identify plant mutants susceptible to the nonhost pathogen Phytophthora sojae, which resulted in identification of the T-DNA insertion mutant esp1 (enhanced susceptibility to Phytophthora). In this study, we report the identification of VQ motif-containing protein 28 (VQ28), whose expression was highly up-regulated in the mutant esp1. Stable transgenic A. thaliana plants constitutively overexpressing VQ28 compromised nonhost resistance (NHR) against P. sojae and P. infestans, and supported increased infection of P. parasitica. Transcriptomic analysis showed that overexpression of VQ28 resulted in six differentially expressed genes (DEGs) that are involved in the response to abscisic acid (ABA). High performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS) detection showed that the contents of endogenous ABA, salicylic acid (SA), and jasmonate (JA) were enriched in VQ28 overexpression lines. These findings suggest that overexpression of VQ28 may lead to an imbalance in plant hormone homeostasis. Furthermore, transient overexpression of VQ28 in Nicotiana benthamiana rendered plants more susceptible to Phytophthora pathogens. Deletion mutant analysis showed that the C-terminus and VQ-motif were essential for plant susceptibility. Taken together, our results suggest that VQ28 negatively regulates plant NHR to Phytophthora pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingjie Lan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China; (X.L.); (X.W.); (Q.T.); (H.Z.); (J.L.); (Y.M.)
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Xiaoxia Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China; (X.L.); (X.W.); (Q.T.); (H.Z.); (J.L.); (Y.M.)
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Quandan Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China; (X.L.); (X.W.); (Q.T.); (H.Z.); (J.L.); (Y.M.)
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Haotian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China; (X.L.); (X.W.); (Q.T.); (H.Z.); (J.L.); (Y.M.)
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Jinyang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China; (X.L.); (X.W.); (Q.T.); (H.Z.); (J.L.); (Y.M.)
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Yuling Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China; (X.L.); (X.W.); (Q.T.); (H.Z.); (J.L.); (Y.M.)
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Weixing Shan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China; (X.L.); (X.W.); (Q.T.); (H.Z.); (J.L.); (Y.M.)
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China
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Alves da Silva A, Oliveira Silva C, do Rosario Rosa V, Silva Santos MF, Naomi Kuki K, Dal-Bianco M, Delmond Bueno R, Alves de Oliveira J, Santos Brito D, Costa AC, Ribeiro C. Metabolic adjustment and regulation of gene expression are essential for increased resistance to severe water deficit and resilience post-stress in soybean. PeerJ 2022; 10:e13118. [PMID: 35321407 PMCID: PMC8935993 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Soybean is the main oilseed crop grown in the world; however, drought stress affects its growth and physiology, reducing its yield. The objective of this study was to characterize the physiological, metabolic, and genetic aspects that determine differential resistance to water deficit in soybean genotypes. Methods Three soybean genotypes were used in this study, two lineages (L11644 and L13241), and one cultivar (EMBRAPA 48-C48). Plants were grown in pots containing 8 kg of a mixture of soil and sand (2:1) in a greenhouse under sunlight. Soil moisture in the pots was maintained at field capacity until the plants reached the stage of development V4 (third fully expanded leaf). At this time, plants were subjected to three water treatments: Well-Watered (WW) (plants kept under daily irrigation); Water Deficit (WD) (withholding irrigation until plants reached the leaf water potential at predawn of -1.5 ± 0.2 MPa); Rewatered (RW) (plants rehydrated for three days after reached the water deficit). The WW and WD water treatments were evaluated on the eighth day for genotypes L11644 and C48, and on the tenth day for L13241, after interruption of irrigation. For the three genotypes, the treatment RW was evaluated after three days of resumption of irrigation. Physiological, metabolic and gene expression analyses were performed. Results Water deficit inhibited growth and gas exchange in all genotypes. The accumulation of osmolytes and the concentrations of chlorophylls and abscisic acid (ABA) were higher in L13241 under stress. The metabolic adjustment of lineages in response to WD occurred in order to accumulate amino acids, carbohydrates, and polyamines in leaves. The expression of genes involved in drought resistance responses was more strongly induced in L13241. In general, rehydration provided recovery of plants to similar conditions of control treatment. Although the C48 and L11644 genotypes have shown some tolerance and resilience responses to severe water deficit, greater efficiency was observed in the L13241 genotype through adjustments in morphological, physiological, genetic and metabolic characteristics that are combined in the same plant. This study contributes to the advancement in the knowledge about the resistance to drought in cultivated plants and provides bases for the genetic improvement of the soybean culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adinan Alves da Silva
- Ecophysiology and Plant Productivity Laboratory, Instituto Federal Goiano-Campus Rio Verde, Rio Verde, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Cíntia Oliveira Silva
- Department of General Biology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | | | - Kacilda Naomi Kuki
- Department of Agronomy, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Maximiller Dal-Bianco
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Rafael Delmond Bueno
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Danielle Santos Brito
- Department of General Biology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Alan Carlos Costa
- Ecophysiology and Plant Productivity Laboratory, Instituto Federal Goiano-Campus Rio Verde, Rio Verde, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Cleberson Ribeiro
- Department of General Biology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Mesa T, Polo J, Casadesús A, Gómez Í, Munné-Bosch S. Application of a Biostimulant (Pepton) Based in Enzymatic Hydrolyzed Animal Protein Combined With Low Nitrogen Priming Boosts Fruit Production Without Negatively Affecting Quality in Greenhouse-Grown Tomatoes. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:828267. [PMID: 35310666 PMCID: PMC8924539 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.828267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Improved nutrient use efficiency together with the use of biostimulants have been little explored thus far to improve fruit yield and quality in economically relevant crops. The aim of this study was to determine the additive or synergistic effects, if any, of the application of an enzyme hydrolyzed animal protein biostimulant (Pepton) combined with priming with low nitrogen (N) in the production and quality of greenhouse tomatoes. Biostimulant treatment (Pepton at a dose equivalent of 4 kg/ha) was applied by ferti-irrigation for 2 months during the vegetative phase both in controls (watered with nutrient solution) and nutrient efficient crop (NEC), in which plants were primed with low N by exposing them to a 30% N deficiency for 2 months, and then recovered for 1 month before fruit production. Foliar water and N contents, pigments, maximum PSII efficiency (Fv/Fm ratio), and phytohormones [including abscisic acid (ABA), salicylic acid (SA), jasmonic acid (JA), and cytokinins] were measured prior and at 4 and 8 weeks after the first application. Fruit production and quality [as indicated by total soluble sugars (TSS) and acidity (TA), and the contents of lycopene, vitamin E, and vitamin C] were measured 1 month later at harvest. Priming with low N availability (NEC plants) doubled (p < 0.001) fruit production (due to an increase in the number of fruits), tended to increase (p = 0.057) by 20% the amount of TSS and increased (p < 0.05) the contents of lycopene (by 90%) and vitamin E (by 40%). Pepton displayed a tendency, almost significant, to improve (p = 0.054) total fruit production both in control and NEC plants, thus showing an additive effect to low N priming in boosting fruit production. Pepton maintained fruit quality in terms of sugar accumulation, total acidity and the contents of carotenoids, vitamins C and E. Pepton-related improvement in fruit production seemed to be related, at least partially, to an increased accumulation of cytokinins and photosynthetic pigments in leaves, which might favor vegetative vigor and ultimately fruit yield. In conclusion, Pepton application was effective in improving the yield of greenhouse tomatoes showing additive effect with low N priming, without negatively affecting fruit quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania Mesa
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Javier Polo
- R&D Department, APC Europe S.L., Granollers, Spain
| | - Andrea Casadesús
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Íñigo Gómez
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sergi Munné-Bosch
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Research Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Vale EM, Santana DB, Reis RS, Sousa KR, de Souza Filho GA, Oliveira JGD, Santa-Catarina C, Silveira V. Mitochondrial proteomics reveals new insights into embryogenic competence acquisition in Carica papaya L. callus. J Proteomics 2022; 252:104434. [PMID: 34818586 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2021.104434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the mechanisms that endow a somatic cell with the ability to differentiate into a somatic embryo, which could result in numerous biotechnological applications, is still a challenge. The objective of this work was to identify some of the molecular and physiological mechanisms responsible for the acquisition of embryogenic competence during somatic embryogenesis in Carica papaya L. We performed a broad characterization of embryogenic (EC) and nonembryogenic calli (NEC) of using global and mitochondrial proteomic approaches, histomorphology, histochemistry, respiratory activity, and endogenous hormonal and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) contents. EC and NEC presented remarkable differences in anatomical and histochemical characteristics, with EC showing a higher reactivity for the presence of proteins and neutral polysaccharides. Our results demonstrate that mitochondrial metabolism affects the embryogenic competence of C. papaya callus. The EC presented higher participation of alternative oxidase (AOX) enzymes, higher total cell respiration and presented a stronger accumulation of mitochondrial stress response proteins. Differential accumulation of auxin-responsive Gretchen Hagen 3 (GH3) family proteins in EC was related to a decrease in the content of free 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D). EC also showed higher endogenous H2O2 contents. H2O2 is a promising molecule for further investigation in differentiation protocols for C. papaya somatic embryos. SIGNIFICANCE: To further advance the understanding of somatic embryogenesis, we performed a broad characterization of embryogenic and nonembryogenic callus, through global and mitochondrial proteomic approaches, histomorphology, histochemistry, respiratory activity, and endogenous hormonal and hydrogen peroxide contents. Based on these results, we propose a working model for the competence of papaya callus. This model suggests that GH3 proteins play an important role in the regulation of auxins. In addition, embryogenic callus showed a greater abundance of stress response proteins and folding proteins. Embryogenic callus respiration occurs predominantly via AOX, and the inhibition of its activity is capable of inhibiting callus differentiation. Although the embryogenic callus presented greater total respiration and a greater abundance of oxidative phosphorylation proteins, they had less COX participation and less coupling efficiency, indicating less ATP production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen Moura Vale
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia (CBB), Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro (UENF), Avenida Alberto Lamego 2000, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro 28013-602, Brazil; Unidade de Biologia Integrativa, Setor de Genômica e Proteômica, CBB, UENF, Brazil.
| | | | - Ricardo Souza Reis
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia (CBB), Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro (UENF), Avenida Alberto Lamego 2000, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro 28013-602, Brazil; Unidade de Biologia Integrativa, Setor de Genômica e Proteômica, CBB, UENF, Brazil
| | | | - Gonçalo Apolinário de Souza Filho
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia (CBB), Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro (UENF), Avenida Alberto Lamego 2000, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro 28013-602, Brazil; Unidade de Biologia Integrativa, Setor de Genômica e Proteômica, CBB, UENF, Brazil
| | | | | | - Vanildo Silveira
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia (CBB), Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro (UENF), Avenida Alberto Lamego 2000, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro 28013-602, Brazil; Unidade de Biologia Integrativa, Setor de Genômica e Proteômica, CBB, UENF, Brazil.
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Cebrián G, Iglesias-Moya J, Romero J, Martínez C, Garrido D, Jamilena M. The Ethylene Biosynthesis Gene CpACO1A: A New Player in the Regulation of Sex Determination and Female Flower Development in Cucurbita pepo. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 12:817922. [PMID: 35140733 PMCID: PMC8818733 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.817922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
A methanesulfonate-generated mutant has been identified in Cucurbita pepo that alters sex determination. The mutation converts female into hermaphrodite flowers and disrupts the growth rate and maturation of petals and carpels, delaying female flower opening, and promoting the growth rate of ovaries and the parthenocarpic development of the fruit. Whole-genome resequencing allowed identification of the causal mutation of the phenotypes as a missense mutation in the coding region of CpACO1A, which encodes for a type I ACO enzyme that shares a high identity with Cucumis sativus CsACO3 and Cucumis melo CmACO1. The so-called aco1a reduced ACO1 activity and ethylene production in the different organs where the gene is expressed, and reduced ethylene sensitivity in flowers. Other sex-determining genes, such as CpACO2B, CpACS11A, and CpACS27A, were differentially expressed in the mutant, indicating that ethylene provided by CpACO1A but also the transcriptional regulation of CpACO1A, CpACO2B, CpACS11A, and CpACS27A are responsible for determining the fate of the floral meristem toward a female flower, promoting the development of carpels and arresting the development of stamens. The positive regulation of ethylene on petal maturation and flower opening can be mediated by inducing the biosynthesis of JA, while its negative control on ovary growth and fruit set could be mediated by its repressive effect on IAA biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Cebrián
- Department of Biology and Geology, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence and Research Centre CIAMBITAL, University of Almería, Almería, Spain
| | - Jessica Iglesias-Moya
- Department of Biology and Geology, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence and Research Centre CIAMBITAL, University of Almería, Almería, Spain
| | - Jonathan Romero
- Department of Biology and Geology, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence and Research Centre CIAMBITAL, University of Almería, Almería, Spain
| | - Cecilia Martínez
- Department of Biology and Geology, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence and Research Centre CIAMBITAL, University of Almería, Almería, Spain
| | - Dolores Garrido
- Department of Plant Physiology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Manuel Jamilena
- Department of Biology and Geology, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence and Research Centre CIAMBITAL, University of Almería, Almería, Spain
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