1
|
Soda T, Negri S, Scarpellino G, Berra-Romani R, De Sarro G, Moccia F, Brunetti V. An automated planar patch-clamp approach to measure the membrane potential and resting membrane currents in a human cerebrovascular endothelial cell line. J Neurosci Methods 2024; 410:110248. [PMID: 39117152 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2024.110248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2024] [Revised: 08/03/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The conventional "whole-cell patch-clamp" recording technique is widely used to measure the resting membrane potential (VM) and to dissect the underlying membrane ionic conductances in isolated vascular endothelial cells. NEW METHOD Herein, we assessed whether the automated patch-clamp (APC) technology, which replaces the traditional patch-pipette with a planar substrate to permit researchers lacking formal training in electrophysiology to generate large amounts of data in a relatively short time, can be used to characterize the bioelectrical activity of vascular endothelial cells. We assessed whether the Port-a-Patch planar patch-clamp system, which is regarded as the smallest electrophysiological rig available on the market, can be used to measure the VM and resting membrane currents in the human cerebrovascular endothelial cell line, hCMEC/D3. COMPARISON WITH EXISTING METHODS We demonstrated that the Port-a-Patch planar patch-clamp system provides the same values of the resting VM as those provided by the conventional patch-clamp technique. Furthermore, the APC technology provides preliminary data demonstrating that the resting VM of hCMEC/D3 cells is primarily contributed by Cl- and Na+, as demonstrated with the patch-clamp technique for many other endothelial cell types. CONCLUSIONS The Port-a-Patch planar patch-clamp system can be successfully used to measure the resting VM and the underlying membrane ionic conductances in hCMEC/D3 cells. We envisage that this easy-to-use APC system could also be extremely useful for the investigation of the membrane currents that can be activated by chemical, thermal, optical, and mechanical stimuli in this cell line as well as in other types of isolated vascular endothelial cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Soda
- Department of Health Science, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro 88100, Italy
| | - Sharon Negri
- Laboratory of General Physiology, Department of Biology and Biotechnology "L. Spallanzani", University of Pavia, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Giorgia Scarpellino
- Laboratory of General Physiology, Department of Biology and Biotechnology "L. Spallanzani", University of Pavia, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Roberto Berra-Romani
- Department of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla 72410, Mexico
| | | | - Francesco Moccia
- Laboratory of General Physiology, Department of Biology and Biotechnology "L. Spallanzani", University of Pavia, Pavia 27100, Italy.
| | - Valentina Brunetti
- Laboratory of General Physiology, Department of Biology and Biotechnology "L. Spallanzani", University of Pavia, Pavia 27100, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ziveri J, Le Guennec L, Dos Santos Souza I, Barnier JP, Walter SM, Diallo Y, Smail Y, Le Seac'h E, Bouzinba-Segard H, Faure C, Morand PC, Carel I, Perriere N, Schmitt T, Izac B, Letourneur F, Coureuil M, Rattei T, Nassif X, Bourdoulous S. Angiopoietin-like 4 protects against endothelial dysfunction during bacterial sepsis. Nat Microbiol 2024; 9:2434-2447. [PMID: 39103571 DOI: 10.1038/s41564-024-01760-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
Loss of endothelial integrity and vascular leakage are central features of sepsis pathogenesis; however, no effective therapeutic mechanisms for preserving endothelial integrity are available. Here we show that, compared to dermal microvessels, brain microvessels resist infection by Neisseria meningitidis, a bacterial pathogen that causes sepsis and meningitis. By comparing the transcriptional responses to infection in dermal and brain endothelial cells, we identified angiopoietin-like 4 as a key factor produced by the brain endothelium that preserves blood-brain barrier integrity during bacterial sepsis. Conversely, angiopoietin-like 4 is produced at lower levels in the peripheral endothelium. Treatment with recombinant angiopoietin-like 4 reduced vascular leakage, organ failure and death in mouse models of lethal sepsis and N. meningitidis infection. Protection was conferred by a previously uncharacterized domain of angiopoietin-like 4, through binding to the heparan proteoglycan, syndecan-4. These findings reveal a potential strategy to prevent endothelial dysfunction and improve outcomes in patients with sepsis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jason Ziveri
- Institut Cochin, Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Inserm, Paris, France
| | - Loïc Le Guennec
- Institut Cochin, Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Inserm, Paris, France
| | | | - Jean-Philipe Barnier
- Institut Necker Enfants Malades, Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Inserm, Paris, France
| | - Samuel M Walter
- Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Doctoral School in Microbiology and Environmental Science, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Youssouf Diallo
- Institut Cochin, Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Inserm, Paris, France
| | - Yasmine Smail
- Institut Cochin, Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Inserm, Paris, France
| | - Elodie Le Seac'h
- Institut Cochin, Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Inserm, Paris, France
| | | | - Camille Faure
- Institut Cochin, Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Inserm, Paris, France
| | | | - Irié Carel
- Institut Cochin, Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Inserm, Paris, France
| | | | | | - Brigitte Izac
- Institut Cochin, Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Inserm, Paris, France
| | | | - Mathieu Coureuil
- Institut Necker Enfants Malades, Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Inserm, Paris, France
| | - Thomas Rattei
- Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Doctoral School in Microbiology and Environmental Science, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Xavier Nassif
- Institut Necker Enfants Malades, Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Inserm, Paris, France
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Brychka D, Ayala-Nunez NV, Dupas A, Bare Y, Partiot E, Mittelheisser V, Lucansky V, Goetz JG, Osmani N, Gaudin R. Targeting monocytic Occludin impairs transendothelial migration and HIV neuroinvasion. EMBO Rep 2024; 25:3276-3299. [PMID: 39039298 PMCID: PMC11315906 DOI: 10.1038/s44319-024-00190-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Transmigration of circulating monocytes from the bloodstream to tissues represents an early hallmark of inflammation. This process plays a pivotal role during viral neuroinvasion, encephalitis, and HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders. How monocytes locally unzip endothelial tight junction-associated proteins (TJAPs), without perturbing impermeability, to reach the central nervous system remains poorly understood. Here, we show that human circulating monocytes express the TJAP Occludin (OCLN) to promote transmigration through endothelial cells. We found that human monocytic OCLN (hmOCLN) clusters at monocyte-endothelium interface, while modulation of hmOCLN expression significantly impacts monocyte transmigration. Furthermore, we designed OCLN-derived peptides targeting its extracellular loops (EL) and show that transmigration of treated monocytes is inhibited in vitro and in zebrafish embryos, while preserving vascular integrity. Monocyte transmigration toward the brain is an important process for HIV neuroinvasion and we found that the OCLN-derived peptides significantly inhibit HIV dissemination to cerebral organoids. In conclusion, our study identifies an important role for monocytic OCLN during transmigration and provides a proof-of-concept for the development of mitigation strategies to prevent monocyte infiltration and viral neuroinvasion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diana Brychka
- CNRS, Institut de Recherche en Infectiologie de Montpellier (IRIM), Montpellier, France
- Univ Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Nilda Vanesa Ayala-Nunez
- CNRS, Institut de Recherche en Infectiologie de Montpellier (IRIM), Montpellier, France
- Univ Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Amandine Dupas
- Tumor Biomechanics, INSERM UMR_S1109, Strasbourg, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Strasbourg, France
| | - Yonis Bare
- CNRS, Institut de Recherche en Infectiologie de Montpellier (IRIM), Montpellier, France
- Univ Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Emma Partiot
- CNRS, Institut de Recherche en Infectiologie de Montpellier (IRIM), Montpellier, France
- Univ Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Vincent Mittelheisser
- Tumor Biomechanics, INSERM UMR_S1109, Strasbourg, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Strasbourg, France
| | - Vincent Lucansky
- CNRS, Institut de Recherche en Infectiologie de Montpellier (IRIM), Montpellier, France
- Univ Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin (JFMED CU), Department of Pathophysiology, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Jacky G Goetz
- Tumor Biomechanics, INSERM UMR_S1109, Strasbourg, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Strasbourg, France
| | - Naël Osmani
- Tumor Biomechanics, INSERM UMR_S1109, Strasbourg, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Strasbourg, France
| | - Raphael Gaudin
- CNRS, Institut de Recherche en Infectiologie de Montpellier (IRIM), Montpellier, France.
- Univ Montpellier, Montpellier, France.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Satsantitham K, Sritangos P, Wet-osot S, Chudapongse N, Weeranantanapan O. Cellular uptake of allicin in the hCMEC/D3 human brain endothelial cells: exploring blood-brain barrier penetration in an in vitro model. PeerJ 2024; 12:e17742. [PMID: 39035169 PMCID: PMC11260074 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.17742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Allicin, a bioactive compound derived from garlic (Allium sativum), demonstrates antibacterial activity against a broad spectrum of bacteria including the most common meningitis pathogens. In order to advocate for allicin as a potential therapeutic candidate for bacterial meningitis, the present study aimed to assess the ability of allicin to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) using an in vitro model. Methods The cell viability of the human brain endothelial cell line hCMEC/D3 after incubation with various concentrations of allicin was investigated using an MTT assay at 3 and 24 h. Additionally, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production of allicin-treated hCMEC/D3 cells was examined at 3 h. The concentrations of allicin that were not toxic to the cells, as determined by the MTT assay, and did not significantly increase ROS generation, were then used to investigate allicin's ability to traverse the in vitro BBB model for 3 h. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis was utilized to examine the allicin concentration capable of passing the in vitro BBB model. The cellular uptake experiments were subsequently performed to observe the uptake of allicin into hCMEC/D3 cells. The pkCSM online tool was used to predict the absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and pharmacokinetic properties of allicin and S-allylmercaptoglutathione (GSSA). Results The results from MTT assay indicated that the highest non-toxicity concentration of allicin on hCMEC/D3 cells was 5 µg/ml at 3 h and 2 µg/ml at 24 h. Allicin significantly enhanced ROS production of hCMEC/D3 cells at 10 µg/ml at 3 h. After applying the non-toxicity concentrations of allicin (0.5-5 µg/ml) to the in vitro BBB model for 3 h, allicin was not detectable in both apical and basolateral chambers in the presence of hCMEC/D3 cells. On the contrary, allicin was detected in both chambers in the absence of the cells. The results from cellular uptake experiments at 3 h revealed that hCMEC/D3 cells at 1 × 104 cells could uptake allicin at concentrations of 0.5, 1, and 2 µg/ml. Moreover, allicin uptake of hCMEC/D3 cells was proportional to the cell number, and the cells at 5 × 104 could completely uptake allicin at a concentration of 5 µg/ml within 0.5 h. The topological polar surface area (TPSA) predicting for allicin was determined to be 62.082 Å2, indicating its potential ability to cross the BBB. Additionally, the calculated logBB value surpassing 0.3 suggests that the compound may exhibit ease of penetration through the BBB. Conclusion The present results suggested that allicin was rapidly taken up by hCMEC/D3 cells in vitro BBB model. The prediction results of allicin's distribution patterns suggested that the compound possesses the capability to enter the brain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kankawi Satsantitham
- School of Preclinical Sciences, Institute of Science, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand
| | - Pishyaporn Sritangos
- School of Preclinical Sciences, Institute of Science, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand
| | - Sirawit Wet-osot
- Department of Medical Sciences, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi, Thailand
| | | | - Oratai Weeranantanapan
- School of Preclinical Sciences, Institute of Science, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Awad S, Araújo M, Faria P, Sarmento B, Martins C. Chemical engineering of zein with polyethylene glycol and Angiopep-2 to manufacture a brain-targeted docetaxel nanomedicine for glioblastoma treatment. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2024:10.1007/s13346-024-01659-x. [PMID: 39009933 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-024-01659-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the deadliest adult brain cancer. The current standard-of-care chemotherapy using orally administered temozolomide (TMZ) presents poor improvement in patient survival, emphasizing the compelling need for new therapies. A possible chemotherapeutic alternative is docetaxel (DTX), which possesses higher tumoricidal potency against GBM cells. However, its limited blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability poses a constraint on its application. Nonetheless, nanomedicine offers promising avenues for overcoming this challenge. Angiopep-2 (ANG2) is a peptide that targets the BBB-overexpressed low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR). In this work, we managed, for the first time, to employ a pioneering approach of covalently linking zein protein with polyethylene glycol (PEG) and ANG2 prior to its formulation into nanoparticles (ZNPs) with enhanced stability and LDLR-mediated brain targetability, respectively. Carbodiimide and click chemistry approaches were optimized, resulting in functional modification of zein with around 25% PEG, followed by functional modification of PEG with nearly 100% ANG2. DTX-loaded ZNPs presented 100 nm average size, indicating high suitability for BBB crossing through receptor-mediated transcytosis. ZNPs maintained the cytotoxic effect of the loaded DTX against GBM cells, while demonstrating a safe matrix against BBB cells. Importantly, these brain-targeted ZNPs showcased up to fourfold enhancement in blood-to-brain permeability in a BBB in vitro model, highlighting the potential of this novel approach of BBB targeting in significantly improving therapeutic outcomes for GBM patients. The versatility of the system and the possibility of significantly increasing drug concentration in the brain open the door to its future application in a wide range of other brain-related diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seem Awad
- i3S- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, Porto, 4200-135, Portugal
- INEB- Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, Porto, 4200- 135, Portugal
| | - Marco Araújo
- i3S- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, Porto, 4200-135, Portugal
- INEB- Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, Porto, 4200- 135, Portugal
| | - Paulo Faria
- i3S- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, Porto, 4200-135, Portugal
- INEB- Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, Porto, 4200- 135, Portugal
| | - Bruno Sarmento
- i3S- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, Porto, 4200-135, Portugal.
- INEB- Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, Porto, 4200- 135, Portugal.
- IUCS-CESPU - Instituto Universitário de Ciências da Saúde, Gandra, 4585-116, Portugal.
| | - Cláudia Martins
- i3S- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, Porto, 4200-135, Portugal.
- INEB- Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, Porto, 4200- 135, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Huang C, Hoque MT, Qu QR, Henderson J, Bendayan R. Antiretroviral drug dolutegravir induces inflammation at the mouse brain barriers. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23790. [PMID: 38982638 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202400558r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs) based antiretroviral therapy (ART) is currently used as first-line regimen to treat HIV infection. Despite its high efficacy and barrier to resistance, ART-associated neuropsychiatric adverse effects remain a major concern. Recent studies have identified a potential interaction between the INSTI, dolutegravir (DTG), and folate transport pathways at the placental barrier. We hypothesized that such interactions could also occur at the two major blood-brain interfaces: blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier (BCSFB) and blood-brain barrier (BBB). To address this question, we evaluated the effect of two INSTIs, DTG and bictegravir (BTG), on folate transporters and receptor expression at the mouse BCSFB and the BBB in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo. We demonstrated that DTG but not BTG significantly downregulated the mRNA and/or protein expression of folate transporters (RFC/SLC19A1, PCFT/SLC46A1) in human and mouse BBB models in vitro, and mouse brain capillaries ex vivo. Our in vivo study further revealed a significant downregulation in Slc19a1 and Slc46a1 mRNA expression at the BCSFB and the BBB following a 14-day DTG oral treatment in C57BL/6 mice. However, despite the observed downregulatory effect of DTG in folate transporters/receptor at both brain barriers, a 14-day oral treatment of DTG-based ART did not significantly alter the brain folate level in animals. Interestingly, DTG treatment robustly elevated the mRNA and/or protein expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines (Cxcl1, Cxcl2, Cxcl3, Il6, Il23, Il12) in primary cultures of mouse brain microvascular endothelial cells (BBB). DTG oral treatment also significantly upregulated proinflammatory cytokines and chemokine (Il6, Il1β, Tnfα, Ccl2) at the BCSFB in mice. We additionally observed a downregulated mRNA expression of drug efflux transporters (Abcc1, Abcc4, and Abcb1a) and tight junction protein (Cldn3) at the CP isolated from mice treated with DTG. Despite the structural similarities, BTG only elicited minor effects on the markers of interest at both the BBB and BCSFB. In summary, our current data demonstrates that DTG but not BTG strongly induced inflammatory responses in a rodent BBB and BCSFB model. Together, these data provide valuable insights into the mechanism of DTG-induced brain toxicity, which may contribute to the pathogenesis of DTG-associated neuropsychiatric adverse effect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chang Huang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Md Tozammel Hoque
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Qing Rui Qu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jeffrey Henderson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Reina Bendayan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wardhani K, Levina A, Grau GER, Lay PA. Fluorescent, phosphorescent, magnetic resonance contrast and radioactive tracer labelling of extracellular vesicles. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:6779-6829. [PMID: 38828885 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00238h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
This review focusses on the significance of fluorescent, phosphorescent labelling and tracking of extracellular vesicles (EVs) for unravelling their biology, pathophysiology, and potential diagnostic and therapeutic uses. Various labeling strategies, such as lipid membrane, surface protein, luminal, nucleic acid, radionuclide, quantum dot labels, and metal complex-based stains, are evaluated for visualizing and characterizing EVs. Direct labelling with fluorescent lipophilic dyes is simple but generally lacks specificity, while surface protein labelling offers selectivity but may affect EV-cell interactions. Luminal and nucleic acid labelling strategies have their own advantages and challenges. Each labelling approach has strengths and weaknesses, which require a suitable probe and technique based on research goals, but new tetranuclear polypyridylruthenium(II) complexes as phosphorescent probes have strong phosphorescence, selective staining, and stability. Future research should prioritize the design of novel fluorescent probes and labelling platforms that can significantly enhance the efficiency, accuracy, and specificity of EV labeling, while preserving their composition and functionality. It is crucial to reduce false positive signals and explore the potential of multimodal imaging techniques to gain comprehensive insights into EVs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kartika Wardhani
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia.
- Biochemistry and Biotechnology (B-TEK) Group, Bioscience Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, 87545, USA
| | - Aviva Levina
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia.
| | - Georges E R Grau
- Sydney Nano, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
- Sydney Cancer Network, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
- Marie Bashir Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
- Vascular Immunology Unit, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
| | - Peter A Lay
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia.
- Sydney Nano, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
- Sydney Cancer Network, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
- Marie Bashir Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
- Sydney Analytical, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Kreutzer E, Short JL, Nicolazzo JA. Effect of Apolipoprotein E isoforms on the Abundance and Function of P-glycoprotein in Human Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cells. Pharm Res 2024; 41:1427-1441. [PMID: 38937373 PMCID: PMC11263236 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-024-03731-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Individuals with Alzheimer's disease (AD) often require many medications; however, these medications are dosed using regimens recommended for individuals without AD. This is despite reduced abundance and function of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) at the blood-brain barrier (BBB) in AD, which can impact brain exposure of drugs. The fundamental mechanisms leading to reduced P-gp abundance in sporadic AD remain unknown; however, it is known that the apolipoprotein E (apoE) gene has the strongest genetic link to sporadic AD development, and apoE isoforms can differentially alter BBB function. The aim of this study was to assess if apoE affects P-gp abundance and function in an isoform-dependent manner using a human cerebral microvascular endothelial cell (hCMEC/D3) model. METHODS This study assessed the impact of apoE isoforms on P-gp abundance (by western blot) and function (by rhodamine 123 (R123) uptake) in hCMEC/D3 cells. Cells were exposed to recombinant apoE3 and apoE4 at 2 - 10 µg/mL over 24 - 72 hours. hCMEC/D3 cells were also exposed for 72 hours to astrocyte-conditioned media (ACM) from astrocytes expressing humanised apoE isoforms. RESULTS P-gp abundance in hCMEC/D3 cells was not altered by recombinant apoE4 relative to recombinant apoE3, nor did ACM containing human apoE isoforms alter P-gp abundance. R123 accumulation in hCMEC/D3 cells was also unchanged with recombinant apoE isoform treatments, suggesting no change to P-gp function, despite both abundance and function being altered by positive controls SR12813 (5 µM) and PSC 833 (5 µM), respectively. CONCLUSIONS Different apoE isoforms have no direct influence on P-gp abundance or function within this model, and further in vivo studies would be required to address whether P-gp abundance or function are reduced in sporadic AD in an apoE isoform-specific manner.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ethan Kreutzer
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria, 3052, Australia
| | - Jennifer L Short
- Monash Centre for Advanced mRNA Medicines Manufacturing and Workforce Training, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
| | - Joseph A Nicolazzo
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria, 3052, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Brunetti V, Berra-Romani R, Conca F, Soda T, Biella GR, Gerbino A, Moccia F, Scarpellino G. Lysosomal TRPML1 triggers global Ca 2+ signals and nitric oxide release in human cerebrovascular endothelial cells. Front Physiol 2024; 15:1426783. [PMID: 38974517 PMCID: PMC11224436 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1426783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Lysosomal Ca2+ signaling is emerging as a crucial regulator of endothelial Ca2+ dynamics. Ca2+ release from the acidic vesicles in response to extracellular stimulation is usually promoted via Two Pore Channels (TPCs) and is amplified by endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-embedded inositol-1,3,4-trisphosphate (InsP3) receptors and ryanodine receptors. Emerging evidence suggests that sub-cellular Ca2+ signals in vascular endothelial cells can also be generated by the Transient Receptor Potential Mucolipin 1 channel (TRPML1) channel, which controls vesicle trafficking, autophagy and gene expression. Herein, we adopted a multidisciplinary approach, including live cell imaging, pharmacological manipulation, and gene targeting, revealing that TRPML1 protein is expressed and triggers global Ca2+ signals in the human brain microvascular endothelial cell line, hCMEC/D3. The direct stimulation of TRPML1 with both the synthetic agonist, ML-SA1, and the endogenous ligand phosphatidylinositol 3,5-bisphosphate (PI(3,5)P2) induced a significant increase in [Ca2+]i, that was reduced by pharmacological blockade and genetic silencing of TRPML1. In addition, TRPML1-mediated lysosomal Ca2+ release was sustained both by lysosomal Ca2+ release and ER Ca2+- release through inositol-1,4,5-trisphophate receptors and store-operated Ca2+ entry. Notably, interfering with TRPML1-mediated lysosomal Ca2+ mobilization led to a decrease in the free ER Ca2+ concentration. Imaging of DAF-FM fluorescence revealed that TRPML1 stimulation could also induce a significant Ca2+-dependent increase in nitric oxide concentration. Finally, the pharmacological and genetic blockade of TRPML1 impaired ATP-induced intracellular Ca2+ release and NO production. These findings, therefore, shed novel light on the mechanisms whereby the lysosomal Ca2+ store can shape endothelial Ca2+ signaling and Ca2+-dependent functions in vascular endothelial cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Brunetti
- Laboratory of General Physiology, Department of Biology and Biotechnology “L. Spallanzani”, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Roberto Berra-Romani
- Department of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Filippo Conca
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, Foundation for Advanced Biomedical Research, Padova, Italy
| | - Teresa Soda
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Magna Graecia, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Gerardo Rosario Biella
- Laboratory of General Physiology, Department of Biology and Biotechnology “L. Spallanzani”, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Andrea Gerbino
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
| | - Francesco Moccia
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences “V. Tiberio”, University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Giorgia Scarpellino
- Laboratory of General Physiology, Department of Biology and Biotechnology “L. Spallanzani”, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Eltanameli B, Piñeiro-Llanes J, Cristofoletti R. Recent advances in cell-based in vitro models for predicting drug permeability across brain, intestinal, and pulmonary barriers. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2024; 20:439-458. [PMID: 38850058 DOI: 10.1080/17425255.2024.2366390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Recent years have witnessed remarkable progress in the development of cell-based in vitro models aimed at predicting drug permeability, particularly focusing on replicating the barrier properties of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), intestinal epithelium, and lung epithelium. AREA COVERED This review provides an overview of 2D in vitro platforms, including monocultures and co-culture systems, highlighting their respective advantages and limitations. Additionally, it discusses tools and techniques utilized to overcome these limitations, paving the way for more accurate predictions of drug permeability. Furthermore, this review delves into emerging technologies, particularly microphysiological systems (MPS), encompassing static platforms such as organoids and dynamic platforms like microfluidic devices. Literature searches were performed using PubMed and Google Scholar. We focus on key terms such as in vitro permeability models, MPS, organoids, intestine, BBB, and lungs. EXPERT OPINION The potential of these MPS to mimic physiological conditions more closely offers promising avenues for drug permeability assessment. However, transitioning these advanced models from bench to industry requires rigorous validation against regulatory standards. Thus, there is a pressing need to validate MPS to industry and regulatory agency standards to exploit their potential in drug permeability prediction fully. This review underscores the importance of such validation processes to facilitate the translation of these innovative technologies into routine pharmaceutical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bassma Eltanameli
- Center for Pharmacometrics & Systems Pharmacology, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Janny Piñeiro-Llanes
- Center for Pharmacometrics & Systems Pharmacology, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Rodrigo Cristofoletti
- Center for Pharmacometrics & Systems Pharmacology, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Kurtyka M, Wessely F, Bau S, Ifie E, He L, de Wit NM, Pedersen ABV, Keller M, Webber C, de Vries HE, Ansorge O, Betsholtz C, De Bock M, Chaves C, Brodin B, Nielsen MS, Neuhaus W, Bell RD, Letoha T, Meyer AH, Leparc G, Lenter M, Lesuisse D, Cader ZM, Buckley ST, Loryan I, Pietrzik CU. The solute carrier SLC7A1 may act as a protein transporter at the blood-brain barrier. Eur J Cell Biol 2024; 103:151406. [PMID: 38547677 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2024.151406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite extensive research, targeted delivery of substances to the brain still poses a great challenge due to the selectivity of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Most molecules require either carrier- or receptor-mediated transport systems to reach the central nervous system (CNS). These transport systems form attractive routes for the delivery of therapeutics into the CNS, yet the number of known brain endothelium-enriched receptors allowing the transport of large molecules into the brain is scarce. Therefore, to identify novel BBB targets, we combined transcriptomic analysis of human and murine brain endothelium and performed a complex screening of BBB-enriched genes according to established selection criteria. As a result, we propose the high-affinity cationic amino acid transporter 1 (SLC7A1) as a novel candidate for transport of large molecules across the BBB. Using RNA sequencing and in situ hybridization assays, we demonstrated elevated SLC7A1 gene expression in both human and mouse brain endothelium. Moreover, we confirmed SLC7A1 protein expression in brain vasculature of both young and aged mice. To assess the potential of SLC7A1 as a transporter for larger proteins, we performed internalization and transcytosis studies using a radiolabelled or fluorophore-labelled anti-SLC7A1 antibody. Our results showed that SLC7A1 internalised a SLC7A1-specific antibody in human colorectal carcinoma (HCT116) cells. Moreover, transcytosis studies in both immortalised human brain endothelial (hCMEC/D3) cells and primary mouse brain endothelial cells clearly demonstrated that SLC7A1 effectively transported the SLC7A1-specific antibody from luminal to abluminal side. Therefore, here in this study, we present for the first time the SLC7A1 as a novel candidate for transport of larger molecules across the BBB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Kurtyka
- Institute for Pathobiochemistry, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Frank Wessely
- UK Dementia Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah Bau
- Pathology & Imaging, Novo Nordisk A/S, Måløv, Denmark
| | - Eseoghene Ifie
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Liqun He
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Nienke M de Wit
- Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Maximilian Keller
- Institute for Pathobiochemistry, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Caleb Webber
- UK Dementia Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Helga E de Vries
- Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Olaf Ansorge
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Christer Betsholtz
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; Department of Medicine (Huddinge), Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Marijke De Bock
- Neuroscience Discovery, Janssen Research & Development, Janssen Pharmaceutica, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Catarina Chaves
- Rare and Neurologic Diseases Research Therapeutic Area, Sanofi, Chilly Mazarin, France
| | - Birger Brodin
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Morten S Nielsen
- Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Winfried Neuhaus
- Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Vienna, Austria; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Danube Private University, Krems, Austria
| | | | | | - Axel H Meyer
- AbbVie Deutschland GmbH & Co. KG, Quantitative, Translational & ADME Sciences, Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - Germán Leparc
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Translational Medicine & Clinical Pharmacology, Biberach, Germany
| | - Martin Lenter
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Drug Discovery Sciences, Biberach, Germany
| | - Dominique Lesuisse
- Rare and Neurologic Diseases Research Therapeutic Area, Sanofi, Chilly Mazarin, France
| | - Zameel M Cader
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | - Irena Loryan
- Department of Pharmacy, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Claus U Pietrzik
- Institute for Pathobiochemistry, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Porkoláb G, Mészáros M, Szecskó A, Vigh JP, Walter FR, Figueiredo R, Kálomista I, Hoyk Z, Vizsnyiczai G, Gróf I, Jan JS, Gosselet F, Pirity MK, Vastag M, Hudson N, Campbell M, Veszelka S, Deli MA. Synergistic induction of blood-brain barrier properties. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2316006121. [PMID: 38748577 PMCID: PMC11126970 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2316006121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Blood-brain barrier (BBB) models derived from human stem cells are powerful tools to improve our understanding of cerebrovascular diseases and to facilitate drug development for the human brain. Yet providing stem cell-derived endothelial cells with the right signaling cues to acquire BBB characteristics while also retaining their vascular identity remains challenging. Here, we show that the simultaneous activation of cyclic AMP and Wnt/β-catenin signaling and inhibition of the TGF-β pathway in endothelial cells robustly induce BBB properties in vitro. To target this interaction, we present a small-molecule cocktail named cARLA, which synergistically enhances barrier tightness in a range of BBB models across species. Mechanistically, we reveal that the three pathways converge on Wnt/β-catenin signaling to mediate the effect of cARLA via the tight junction protein claudin-5. We demonstrate that cARLA shifts the gene expressional profile of human stem cell-derived endothelial cells toward the in vivo brain endothelial signature, with a higher glycocalyx density and efflux pump activity, lower rates of endocytosis, and a characteristic endothelial response to proinflammatory cytokines. Finally, we illustrate how cARLA can improve the predictive value of human BBB models regarding the brain penetration of drugs and targeted nanoparticles. Due to its synergistic effect, high reproducibility, and ease of use, cARLA has the potential to advance drug development for the human brain by improving BBB models across laboratories.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gergő Porkoláb
- Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Research Network, SzegedH-6726, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Biology, University of Szeged, SzegedH-6720, Hungary
| | - Mária Mészáros
- Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Research Network, SzegedH-6726, Hungary
| | - Anikó Szecskó
- Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Research Network, SzegedH-6726, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Biology, University of Szeged, SzegedH-6720, Hungary
| | - Judit P. Vigh
- Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Research Network, SzegedH-6726, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Biology, University of Szeged, SzegedH-6720, Hungary
| | - Fruzsina R. Walter
- Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Research Network, SzegedH-6726, Hungary
| | | | - Ildikó Kálomista
- In Vitro Metabolism Laboratory, Gedeon Richter, BudapestH-1103, Hungary
| | - Zsófia Hoyk
- Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Research Network, SzegedH-6726, Hungary
| | - Gaszton Vizsnyiczai
- Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Research Network, SzegedH-6726, Hungary
| | - Ilona Gróf
- Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Research Network, SzegedH-6726, Hungary
| | - Jeng-Shiung Jan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan70101, Taiwan
| | - Fabien Gosselet
- Laboratoire de la Barriére Hémato-Encéphalique, Université d’Artois, Lens62307, France
| | - Melinda K. Pirity
- Institute of Genetics, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Research Network, SzegedH-6726, Hungary
| | - Monika Vastag
- In Vitro Metabolism Laboratory, Gedeon Richter, BudapestH-1103, Hungary
| | - Natalie Hudson
- Smurfit Institute of Genetics, Trinity College Dublin, DublinD02 VF25, Ireland
| | - Matthew Campbell
- Smurfit Institute of Genetics, Trinity College Dublin, DublinD02 VF25, Ireland
| | - Szilvia Veszelka
- Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Research Network, SzegedH-6726, Hungary
| | - Mária A. Deli
- Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Research Network, SzegedH-6726, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Galloni C, Egnuni T, Zahed Mohajerani S, Ye J, Mittnacht S, Speirs V, Lorger M, Mavria G. Brain endothelial cells promote breast cancer cell extravasation to the brain via EGFR-DOCK4-RAC1 signalling. Commun Biol 2024; 7:602. [PMID: 38762624 PMCID: PMC11102446 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-06200-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024] Open
Abstract
The role of endothelial cells in promoting cancer cell extravasation to the brain during the interaction of cancer cells with the vasculature is not well characterised. We show that brain endothelial cells activate EGFR signalling in triple-negative breast cancer cells with propensity to metastasise to the brain. This activation is dependent on soluble factors secreted by brain endothelial cells, and occurs via the RAC1 GEF DOCK4, which is required for breast cancer cell extravasation to the brain in vivo. Knockdown of DOCK4 inhibits breast cancer cell entrance to the brain without affecting cancer cell survival or growth. Defective extravasation is associated with loss of elongated morphology preceding intercalation into brain endothelium. We also show that brain endothelial cells promote paracrine stimulation of mesenchymal-like morphology of breast cancer cells via DOCK4, DOCK9, RAC1 and CDC42. This stimulation is accompanied by EGFR activation necessary for brain metastatic breast cancer cell elongation which can be reversed by the EGFR inhibitor Afatinib. Our findings suggest that brain endothelial cells promote metastasis through activation of cell signalling that renders breast cancer cells competent for extravasation. This represents a paradigm of brain endothelial cells influencing the signalling and metastatic competency of breast cancer cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Galloni
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
- Sheffield Institute for Nucleic Acids (SInFoNiA) and School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Teklu Egnuni
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Safoura Zahed Mohajerani
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
- Leeds Centre for Disease Models, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Jiaqi Ye
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | | | - Valerie Speirs
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Mihaela Lorger
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Georgia Mavria
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Phelps J, Hart DA, Mitha AP, Duncan NA, Sen A. Extracellular Vesicles Generated by Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Stirred Suspension Bioreactors Promote Angiogenesis in Human-Brain-Derived Endothelial Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5219. [PMID: 38791256 PMCID: PMC11121007 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25105219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Interrupted blood flow in the brain due to ischemic injuries such as ischemic stroke or traumatic brain injury results in irreversible brain damage, leading to cognitive impairment associated with inflammation, disruption of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), and cell death. Since the BBB only allows entry to a small class of drugs, many drugs used to treat ischemia in other tissues have failed in brain-related disorders. The administration of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) has shown promise in improving the functional recovery of the brain following cerebral ischemia by inducing blood vessel formation. To facilitate such a treatment approach, it is necessary to develop bioprocesses that can produce therapeutically relevant MSC-EVs in a reproducible and scalable manner. This study evaluated the feasibility of using stirred suspension bioreactors (SSBs) to scale-up the serum-free production of pro-angiogenic MSC-EVs under clinically relevant physioxic conditions. It was found that MSCs grown in SSBs generated EVs that stimulated angiogenesis in cerebral microvascular endothelial cells, supporting the use of SSBs to produce MSC-EVs for application in cerebral ischemia. These properties were impaired at higher cell confluency, outlining the importance of considering the time of harvest when developing bioprocesses to manufacture EV populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jolene Phelps
- Pharmaceutical Production Research Facility, Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive N.W., Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada;
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive N.W., Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada; (D.A.H.); (A.P.M.)
- McCaig Institute for Bone and Joint Health, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3280 Hospital Drive N.W., Calgary, AB T2N 4Z6, Canada;
| | - David A. Hart
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive N.W., Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada; (D.A.H.); (A.P.M.)
- McCaig Institute for Bone and Joint Health, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3280 Hospital Drive N.W., Calgary, AB T2N 4Z6, Canada;
- Department of Surgery, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Drive N.W., Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive N.W., Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Alim P. Mitha
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive N.W., Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada; (D.A.H.); (A.P.M.)
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 1403 29 Street N.W., Calgary, AB T2N 2T9, Canada
| | - Neil A. Duncan
- McCaig Institute for Bone and Joint Health, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3280 Hospital Drive N.W., Calgary, AB T2N 4Z6, Canada;
- Department of Surgery, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Drive N.W., Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
- Department of Civil Engineering, Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive N.W., Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Arindom Sen
- Pharmaceutical Production Research Facility, Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive N.W., Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada;
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive N.W., Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada; (D.A.H.); (A.P.M.)
- McCaig Institute for Bone and Joint Health, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3280 Hospital Drive N.W., Calgary, AB T2N 4Z6, Canada;
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive N.W., Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Svane N, Pedersen ABV, Rodenberg A, Ozgür B, Saaby L, Bundgaard C, Kristensen M, Tfelt-Hansen P, Brodin B. The putative proton-coupled organic cation antiporter is involved in uptake of triptans into human brain capillary endothelial cells. Fluids Barriers CNS 2024; 21:39. [PMID: 38711118 DOI: 10.1186/s12987-024-00544-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Triptans are anti-migraine drugs with a potential central site of action. However, it is not known to what extent triptans cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB). The aim of this study was therefore to determine if triptans pass the brain capillary endothelium and investigate the possible underlying mechanisms with focus on the involvement of the putative proton-coupled organic cation (H+/OC) antiporter. Additionally, we evaluated whether triptans interacted with the efflux transporter, P-glycoprotein (P-gp). METHODS We investigated the cellular uptake characteristics of the prototypical H+/OC antiporter substrates, pyrilamine and oxycodone, and seven different triptans in the human brain microvascular endothelial cell line, hCMEC/D3. Triptan interactions with P-gp were studied using the IPEC-J2 MDR1 cell line. Lastly, in vivo neuropharmacokinetic assessment of the unbound brain-to-plasma disposition of eletriptan was conducted in wild type and mdr1a/1b knockout mice. RESULTS We demonstrated that most triptans were able to inhibit uptake of the H+/OC antiporter substrate, pyrilamine, with eletriptan emerging as the strongest inhibitor. Eletriptan, almotriptan, and sumatriptan exhibited a pH-dependent uptake into hCMEC/D3 cells. Eletriptan demonstrated saturable uptake kinetics with an apparent Km of 89 ± 38 µM and a Jmax of 2.2 ± 0.7 nmol·min-1·mg protein-1 (n = 3). Bidirectional transport experiments across IPEC-J2 MDR1 monolayers showed that eletriptan is transported by P-gp, thus indicating that eletriptan is both a substrate of the H+/OC antiporter and P-gp. This was further confirmed in vivo, where the unbound brain-to-unbound plasma concentration ratio (Kp,uu) was 0.04 in wild type mice while the ratio rose to 1.32 in mdr1a/1b knockout mice. CONCLUSIONS We have demonstrated that the triptan family of compounds possesses affinity for the H+/OC antiporter proposing that the putative H+/OC antiporter plays a role in the BBB transport of triptans, particularly eletriptan. Our in vivo studies indicate that eletriptan is subjected to simultaneous brain uptake and efflux, possibly facilitated by the putative H+/OC antiporter and P-gp, respectively. Our findings offer novel insights into the potential central site of action involved in migraine treatment with triptans and highlight the significance of potential transporter related drug-drug interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nana Svane
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Anne Rodenberg
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Burak Ozgür
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Biotherapeutic Discovery, H. Lundbeck A/S, Valby, Denmark
| | - Lasse Saaby
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Bioneer: FARMA, Bioneer A/S, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Mie Kristensen
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Peer Tfelt-Hansen
- Danish Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet-Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - Birger Brodin
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Zhou AL, Swaminathan SK, Salian VS, Wang L, Curran GL, Min HK, Lowe VJ, Kandimalla KK. Insulin Signaling Differentially Regulates the Trafficking of Insulin and Amyloid Beta Peptides at the Blood-Brain Barrier. Mol Pharm 2024; 21:2176-2186. [PMID: 38625027 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c00784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is instrumental in clearing toxic metabolites from the brain, such as amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides, and in delivering essential nutrients to the brain, like insulin. In Alzheimer's disease (AD) brain, increased Aβ levels are paralleled by decreased insulin levels, which are accompanied by insulin signaling deficits at the BBB. Thus, we investigated the impact of insulin-like growth factor and insulin receptor (IGF1R and IR) signaling on Aβ and insulin trafficking at the BBB. Following intravenous infusion of an IGF1R/IR kinase inhibitor (AG1024) in wild-type mice, the BBB trafficking of 125I radiolabeled Aβ peptides and insulin was assessed by dynamic SPECT/CT imaging. The brain efflux of [125I]iodo-Aβ42 decreased upon AG1024 treatment. Additionally, the brain influx of [125I]iodoinsulin, [125I]iodo-Aβ42, [125I]iodo-Aβ40, and [125I]iodo-BSA (BBB integrity marker) was decreased, increased, unchanged, and unchanged, respectively, upon AG1024 treatment. Subsequent mechanistic studies were performed using an in vitro BBB cell model. The cell uptake of [125I]iodoinsulin, [125I]iodo-Aβ42, and [125I]iodo-Aβ40 was decreased, increased, and unchanged, respectively, upon AG1024 treatment. Further, AG1024 reduced the phosphorylation of insulin signaling kinases (Akt and Erk) and the membrane expression of Aβ and insulin trafficking receptors (LRP-1 and IR-β). These findings reveal that insulin signaling differentially regulates the BBB trafficking of Aβ peptides and insulin. Moreover, deficits in IGF1R and IR signaling, as observed in the brains of type II diabetes and AD patients, are expected to increase Aβ accumulation while decreasing insulin delivery to the brain, which has been linked to the progression of cognitive decline in AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew L Zhou
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Brain Barriers Research Center, University of Minnesota College of Pharmacy, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Suresh K Swaminathan
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Brain Barriers Research Center, University of Minnesota College of Pharmacy, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Vrishali S Salian
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Brain Barriers Research Center, University of Minnesota College of Pharmacy, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Lushan Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Brain Barriers Research Center, University of Minnesota College of Pharmacy, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Geoffry L Curran
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, United States
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, United States
| | - Hoon-Ki Min
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, United States
| | - Val J Lowe
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, United States
| | - Karunya K Kandimalla
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Brain Barriers Research Center, University of Minnesota College of Pharmacy, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Gopinadhan A, Hughes JM, Conroy AL, John CC, Canfield SG, Datta D. A human pluripotent stem cell-derived in vitro model of the blood-brain barrier in cerebral malaria. Fluids Barriers CNS 2024; 21:38. [PMID: 38693577 PMCID: PMC11064301 DOI: 10.1186/s12987-024-00541-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption is a central feature of cerebral malaria (CM), a severe complication of Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) infections. In CM, sequestration of Pf-infected red blood cells (Pf-iRBCs) to brain endothelial cells combined with inflammation, hemolysis, microvasculature obstruction and endothelial dysfunction mediates BBB disruption, resulting in severe neurologic symptoms including coma and seizures, potentially leading to death or long-term sequelae. In vitro models have advanced our knowledge of CM-mediated BBB disruption, but their physiological relevance remains uncertain. Using human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived brain microvascular endothelial cells (hiPSC-BMECs), we aimed to develop a novel in vitro model of the BBB in CM, exhibiting enhanced barrier properties. METHODS hiPSC-BMECs were co-cultured with HB3var03 strain Pf-iRBCs up to 9 h. Barrier integrity was measured using transendothelial electrical resistance (TEER) and sodium fluorescein permeability assays. Localization and expression of tight junction (TJ) proteins (occludin, zonula occludens-1, claudin-5), cellular adhesion molecules (ICAM-1, VCAM-1), and endothelial surface markers (EPCR) were determined using immunofluorescence imaging (IF) and western blotting (WB). Expression of angiogenic and cell stress markers were measured using multiplex proteome profiler arrays. RESULTS After 6-h of co-culture with Pf-iRBCs, hiPSC-BMECs showed reduced TEER and increased sodium fluorescein permeability compared to co-culture with uninfected RBCs, indicative of a leaky barrier. We observed disruptions in localization of occludin, zonula occludens-1, and claudin-5 by IF, but no change in protein expression by WB in Pf-iRBC co-cultures. Expression of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 but not EPCR was elevated in hiPSC-BMECs with Pf-iRBC co-culture compared to uninfected RBC co-culture. In addition, there was an increase in expression of angiogenin, platelet factor-4, and phospho-heat shock protein-27 in the Pf-iRBCs co-culture compared to uninfected RBC co-culture. CONCLUSION These findings demonstrate the validity of our hiPSC-BMECs based model of the BBB, that displays enhanced barrier integrity and appropriate TJ protein localization. In the hiPSC-BMEC co-culture with Pf-iRBCs, reduced TEER, increased paracellular permeability, changes in TJ protein localization, increase in expression of adhesion molecules, and markers of angiogenesis and cellular stress all point towards a novel model with enhanced barrier properties, suitable for investigating pathogenic mechanisms underlying BBB disruption in CM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adnan Gopinadhan
- Ryan White Center for Pediatric Infectious Disease and Global Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, R4-402D 1044 W. Walnut St., Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Jason M Hughes
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology, and Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, 620 Chestnut Street, Terre Haute, IN, 47809, USA
| | - Andrea L Conroy
- Ryan White Center for Pediatric Infectious Disease and Global Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, R4-402D 1044 W. Walnut St., Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Chandy C John
- Ryan White Center for Pediatric Infectious Disease and Global Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, R4-402D 1044 W. Walnut St., Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Scott G Canfield
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology, and Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, 620 Chestnut Street, Terre Haute, IN, 47809, USA.
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
| | - Dibyadyuti Datta
- Ryan White Center for Pediatric Infectious Disease and Global Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, R4-402D 1044 W. Walnut St., Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Brunetti V, Soda T, Berra-Romani R, De Sarro G, Guerra G, Scarpellino G, Moccia F. Two Signaling Modes Are Better than One: Flux-Independent Signaling by Ionotropic Glutamate Receptors Is Coming of Age. Biomedicines 2024; 12:880. [PMID: 38672234 PMCID: PMC11048239 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12040880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Glutamate is the major excitatory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system. Glutamatergic transmission can be mediated by ionotropic glutamate receptors (iGluRs), which mediate rapid synaptic depolarization that can be associated with Ca2+ entry and activity-dependent change in the strength of synaptic transmission, as well as by metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs), which mediate slower postsynaptic responses through the recruitment of second messenger systems. A wealth of evidence reported over the last three decades has shown that this dogmatic subdivision between iGluRs and mGluRs may not reflect the actual physiological signaling mode of the iGluRs, i.e., α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxasolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptors (AMPAR), kainate receptors (KARs), and N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors (NMDARs). Herein, we review the evidence available supporting the notion that the canonical iGluRs can recruit flux-independent signaling pathways not only in neurons, but also in brain astrocytes and cerebrovascular endothelial cells. Understanding the signaling versatility of iGluRs can exert a profound impact on our understanding of glutamatergic synapses. Furthermore, it may shed light on novel neuroprotective strategies against brain disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Brunetti
- Laboratory of General Physiology, Department of Biology and Biotechnology “L. Spallanzani”, 27110 Pavia, Italy; (V.B.); (G.S.)
| | - Teresa Soda
- Department of Health Sciences, School of Medicine and Surgery, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (T.S.); (G.D.S.)
| | - Roberto Berra-Romani
- Department of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla 72410, Mexico;
| | - Giovambattista De Sarro
- Department of Health Sciences, School of Medicine and Surgery, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (T.S.); (G.D.S.)
- System and Applied Pharmacology@University Magna Grecia, Science of Health Department, School of Medicine, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, 88110 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Germano Guerra
- Department of Medicine and Health Science “Vincenzo Tiberio”, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Molise, 86100 Campobasso, Italy;
| | - Giorgia Scarpellino
- Laboratory of General Physiology, Department of Biology and Biotechnology “L. Spallanzani”, 27110 Pavia, Italy; (V.B.); (G.S.)
| | - Francesco Moccia
- Department of Medicine and Health Science “Vincenzo Tiberio”, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Molise, 86100 Campobasso, Italy;
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Korszun-Karbowniczak J, Krysiak ZJ, Saluk J, Niemcewicz M, Zdanowski R. The Progress in Molecular Transport and Therapeutic Development in Human Blood-Brain Barrier Models in Neurological Disorders. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2024; 44:34. [PMID: 38627312 PMCID: PMC11021242 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-024-01473-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is responsible for maintaining homeostasis within the central nervous system (CNS). Depending on its permeability, certain substances can penetrate the brain, while others are restricted in their passage. Therefore, the knowledge about BBB structure and function is essential for understanding physiological and pathological brain processes. Consequently, the functional models can serve as a key to help reveal this unknown. There are many in vitro models available to study molecular mechanisms that occur in the barrier. Brain endothelial cells grown in culture are commonly used to modeling the BBB. Current BBB platforms include: monolayer platforms, transwell, matrigel, spheroidal, and tissue-on-chip models. In this paper, the BBB structure, molecular characteristic, as well as its dysfunctions as a consequence of aging, neurodegeneration, or under hypoxia and neurotoxic conditions are presented. Furthermore, the current modelling strategies that can be used to study BBB for the purpose of further drugs development that may reach CNS are also described.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Korszun-Karbowniczak
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Innovative Therapies, Military Institute of Medicine National Research Institute, 128 Szaserów Street, 04-141, Warsaw, Poland
- BioMedChem Doctoral School of the University of Lodz and Lodz Institutes of the Polish Academy of Sciences, 21/23 Matejki Street, 90-237, Lodz, Poland
| | - Zuzanna Joanna Krysiak
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Innovative Therapies, Military Institute of Medicine National Research Institute, 128 Szaserów Street, 04-141, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Joanna Saluk
- Department of General Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Institute of Biochemistry, University of Lodz, 68 Narutowicza Street, 90-136, Lodz, Poland
| | - Marcin Niemcewicz
- Biohazard Prevention Centre, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 68 Narutowicza Street, 90-136, Lodz, Poland
| | - Robert Zdanowski
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Innovative Therapies, Military Institute of Medicine National Research Institute, 128 Szaserów Street, 04-141, Warsaw, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Zapata-Acevedo JF, Losada-Barragán M, Osma JF, Cruz JC, Reiber A, Petry KG, Caillard A, Sauldubois A, Llamosa Pérez D, Morillo Zárate AJ, Muñoz SB, Daza Moreno A, Silva RV, Infante-Duarte C, Chamorro-Coral W, González-Reyes RE, Vargas-Sánchez K. Specific nanoprobe design for MRI: Targeting laminin in the blood-brain barrier to follow alteration due to neuroinflammation. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0302031. [PMID: 38603692 PMCID: PMC11008835 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0302031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic neuroinflammation is characterized by increased blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability, leading to molecular changes in the central nervous system that can be explored with biomarkers of active neuroinflammatory processes. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has contributed to detecting lesions and permeability of the BBB. Ultra-small superparamagnetic particles of iron oxide (USPIO) are used as contrast agents to improve MRI observations. Therefore, we validate the interaction of peptide-88 with laminin, vectorized on USPIO, to explore BBB molecular alterations occurring during neuroinflammation as a potential tool for use in MRI. The specific labeling of NPS-P88 was verified in endothelial cells (hCMEC/D3) and astrocytes (T98G) under inflammation induced by interleukin 1β (IL-1β) for 3 and 24 hours. IL-1β for 3 hours in hCMEC/D3 cells increased their co-localization with NPS-P88, compared with controls. At 24 hours, no significant differences were observed between groups. In T98G cells, NPS-P88 showed similar nonspecific labeling among treatments. These results indicate that NPS-P88 has a higher affinity towards brain endothelial cells than astrocytes under inflammation. This affinity decreases over time with reduced laminin expression. In vivo results suggest that following a 30-minute post-injection, there is an increased presence of NPS-P88 in the blood and brain, diminishing over time. Lastly, EAE animals displayed a significant accumulation of NPS-P88 in MRI, primarily in the cortex, attributed to inflammation and disruption of the BBB. Altogether, these results revealed NPS-P88 as a biomarker to evaluate changes in the BBB due to neuroinflammation by MRI in biological models targeting laminin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan F. Zapata-Acevedo
- Grupo de Investigación en Neurociencias (NeURos), Centro de Neurociencia Neurovitae-UR, Instituto de Medicina Traslacional (IMT), Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Mónica Losada-Barragán
- Grupo de Biología Celular y Funcional e Ingeniería de Biomoleculas, Departamento de Biología, Universidad Antonio Nariño, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Johann F. Osma
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Juan C. Cruz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Andreas Reiber
- Chemistry Department, Grupo La Quimica en la interfase inorgánica-orgánica QUINORG, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Klaus G. Petry
- CNRS UMR 5536 Centre de Resonance Magnétique des Systemes Biologiques and INSERM U1049 Neuroinflammation, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | | | | | - Daniel Llamosa Pérez
- Facultad de Ciencias, Grupo Investigación fundamental y aplicada en Materiales, Universidad Antonio Nariño, Bogotá, Colombia
| | | | | | - Agustín Daza Moreno
- Oficial de Protección Radiológica, Fundación Santa Fé de Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Rafaela V. Silva
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, a Cooperation between the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association and Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Carmen Infante-Duarte
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, a Cooperation between the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association and Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - William Chamorro-Coral
- Laboratorio de Neurofisiología Celular, Grupo de Neurociencia Traslacional, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Rodrigo E. González-Reyes
- Grupo de Investigación en Neurociencias (NeURos), Centro de Neurociencia Neurovitae-UR, Instituto de Medicina Traslacional (IMT), Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Karina Vargas-Sánchez
- Laboratorio de Neurofisiología Celular, Grupo de Neurociencia Traslacional, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Watson BE, Miles JA, Moss MA. Human in vitro blood barrier models: architectures and applications. Tissue Barriers 2024; 12:2222628. [PMID: 37339009 PMCID: PMC11042067 DOI: 10.1080/21688370.2023.2222628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Blood barriers serve as key points of transport for essential molecules as well as lines of defense to protect against toxins. In vitro modeling of these barriers is common practice in the study of their physiology and related diseases. This review describes a common method of using an adaptable, low cost, semipermeable, suspended membrane to experimentally model three blood barriers in the human body: the blood-brain barrier (BBB), the gut-blood barrier (GBB), and the air-blood barrier (ABB). The GBB and ABB both protect from the outside environment, while the BBB protects the central nervous system from potential neurotoxic agents in the blood. These barriers share several commonalities, including the formation of tight junctions, polarized cellular monolayers, and circulatory system contact. Cell architectures used to mimic barrier anatomy as well as applications to study function, dysfunction, and response provide an overview of the versatility enabled by these cultural systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Julia A. Miles
- Biomedical Engineering Program, Univ of South Carolina, Columbia, SCUSA
| | - Melissa A. Moss
- Biomedical Engineering Program, Univ of South Carolina, Columbia, SCUSA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Univ of South Carolina, Columbia, SCUSA
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Isanta B, Delgado A, Ciudad CJ, Busquets MA, Griera R, Llor N, Noé V. Synthesis and Validation of TRIFAPYs as a Family of Transfection Agents for Therapeutic Oligonucleotides. Biomolecules 2024; 14:390. [PMID: 38672408 PMCID: PMC11048556 DOI: 10.3390/biom14040390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Transfection agents play a crucial role in facilitating the uptake of nucleic acids into eukaryotic cells offering potential therapeutic solutions for genetic disorders. However, progress in this field needs the development of improved systems that guarantee efficient transfection. Here, we describe the synthesis of a set of chemical delivery agents (TRIFAPYs) containing alkyl chains of different lengths based on the 1,3,5-tris[(4-alkyloxy-1pyridinio)methyl]benzene tribromide structure. Their delivery properties for therapeutic oligonucleotides were evaluated using PolyPurine Reverse Hoogsteen hairpins (PPRHs) as a silencing tool. The binding of liposomes to PPRHs was evaluated by retardation assays in agarose gels. The complexes had a size of 125 nm as determined by DLS, forming well-defined concentrical vesicles as visualized by Cryo-TEM. The prostate cancer cell line PC-3 was used to study the internalization of the nanoparticles by fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry. The mechanism of entrance involved in the cellular uptake was mainly by clathrin-mediated endocytosis. Cytotoxicity analyses determined the intrinsic toxicity caused by each TRIFAPY and the effect on cell viability upon transfection of a specific PPRH (HpsPr-C) directed against the antiapoptotic target survivin. TRIFAPYs C12-C18 were selected to expand these studies in the breast cancer cell line SKBR-3 opening the usage of TRIFAPYs for both sexes and, in the hCMEC/D3 cell line, as a model for the blood-brain barrier. The mRNA levels of survivin decreased, while apoptosis levels increased upon the transfection of HpsPr-C with these TRIFAPYs in PC-3 cells. Therefore, TRIFAPYs can be considered novel lipid-based vehicles for the delivery of therapeutic oligonucleotides.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Berta Isanta
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (B.I.); (R.G.); (N.L.)
| | - Ana Delgado
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Carlos J. Ciudad
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain;
- Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Institute, IN2UB, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Mª Antònia Busquets
- Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Institute, IN2UB, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain;
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rosa Griera
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (B.I.); (R.G.); (N.L.)
- Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Institute, IN2UB, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Núria Llor
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (B.I.); (R.G.); (N.L.)
- Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Institute, IN2UB, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Véronique Noé
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain;
- Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Institute, IN2UB, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain;
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Hansen CE, Kamermans A, Mol K, Berve K, Rodriguez-Mogeda C, Fung WK, van Het Hof B, Fontijn RD, van der Pol SMA, Michalick L, Kuebler WM, Kenkhuis B, van Roon-Mom W, Liedtke W, Engelhardt B, Kooij G, Witte ME, de Vries HE. Inflammation-induced TRPV4 channels exacerbate blood-brain barrier dysfunction in multiple sclerosis. J Neuroinflammation 2024; 21:72. [PMID: 38521959 PMCID: PMC10960997 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-024-03069-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Blood-brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction and immune cell migration into the central nervous system (CNS) are pathogenic drivers of multiple sclerosis (MS). Ways to reinstate BBB function and subsequently limit neuroinflammation present promising strategies to restrict disease progression. However, to date, the molecular players directing BBB impairment in MS remain poorly understood. One suggested candidate to impact BBB function is the transient receptor potential vanilloid-type 4 ion channel (TRPV4), but its specific role in MS pathogenesis remains unclear. Here, we investigated the role of TRPV4 in BBB dysfunction in MS. MAIN TEXT In human post-mortem MS brain tissue, we observed a region-specific increase in endothelial TRPV4 expression around mixed active/inactive lesions, which coincided with perivascular microglia enrichment in the same area. Using in vitro models, we identified that microglia-derived tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα) induced brain endothelial TRPV4 expression. Also, we found that TRPV4 levels influenced brain endothelial barrier formation via expression of the brain endothelial tight junction molecule claudin-5. In contrast, during an inflammatory insult, TRPV4 promoted a pathological endothelial molecular signature, as evidenced by enhanced expression of inflammatory mediators and cell adhesion molecules. Moreover, TRPV4 activity mediated T cell extravasation across the brain endothelium. CONCLUSION Collectively, our findings suggest a novel role for endothelial TRPV4 in MS, in which enhanced expression contributes to MS pathogenesis by driving BBB dysfunction and immune cell migration.
Collapse
Grants
- 813294 European Union´s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant (ENTRAIN)
- 813294 European Union´s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant (ENTRAIN)
- 813294 European Union´s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant (ENTRAIN)
- 813294 European Union´s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant (ENTRAIN)
- 91719305 Dutch Research Council, NWO, Vidi grant
- 91719305 Dutch Research Council, NWO, Vidi grant
- 91719305 Dutch Research Council, NWO, Vidi grant
- 18-1023MS Stichting MS Research
- 20-1106MS Stichting MS Research
- 20-1106MS Stichting MS Research
- 18-1023MS Stichting MS Research
- 20-1106MS Stichting MS Research
- 81X3100216 Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislaufforschung
- SFB-TR84 : subprojects A02 & C09, SFB-1449 subproject B01, SFB 1470 subproject A04, KU1218/9-1, KU1218/11-1, and KU1218/12-1 Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
- PROVID (01KI20160A) and SYMPATH (01ZX1906A) Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung
- HA2016-02-02 Hersenstichting
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cathrin E Hansen
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC Location VU Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Alwin Kamermans
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC Location VU Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Kevin Mol
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Kristina Berve
- Theodor Kocher Institute, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Carla Rodriguez-Mogeda
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC Location VU Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Wing Ka Fung
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bert van Het Hof
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ruud D Fontijn
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Susanne M A van der Pol
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Laura Michalick
- Institute of Physiology, Corporate member of the Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität to Berlin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Wolfgang M Kuebler
- Institute of Physiology, Corporate member of the Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität to Berlin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Departments of Surgery and Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Boyd Kenkhuis
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center Leiden, Leiden, The Netherlands
- UK Dementia Research Institute at University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Willeke van Roon-Mom
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center Leiden, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Wolfgang Liedtke
- Department of Neurology, Duke University, Durham, NY, USA
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, USA
| | | | - Gijs Kooij
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC Location VU Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maarten E Witte
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC Location VU Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Helga E de Vries
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC Location VU Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Liao XL, Chen ZF, Ou SP, Liu QY, Lin SH, Zhou JM, Wang Y, Cai Z. Neurological impairment is crucial for tire rubber-derived contaminant 6PPDQ-induced acute toxicity to rainbow trout. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2024; 69:621-635. [PMID: 38185590 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2023.12.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
N-(1,3-dimethylbutyl)-N'-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine quinone (6PPDQ) has attracted significant attention due to its highly acute lethality to sensitive salmonids. However, studies investigating the mechanisms underlying its acute toxicity have been lacking. In this work, we demonstrated the sensitivity of rainbow trout to 6PPDQ-induced mortality. Moribund trout exhibited significantly higher brain concentrations of 6PPDQ compared to surviving trout. In an in vitro model using human brain microvascular endothelial cells, 6PPDQ can penetrate the blood-brain barrier and enhance blood-brain barrier permeability without compromising cell viability. The time spent in the top of the tank increased with rising 6PPDQ concentrations, as indicated by locomotion behavior tests. Furthermore, 6PPDQ influenced neurotransmitter levels and mRNA expression of neurotransmission-related genes in the brain and exhibited strong binding affinity to target neurotransmission-related proteins using computational simulations. The integrated biomarker response value associated with neurotoxicity showed a positive linear correlation with trout mortality. These findings significantly contribute to filling the knowledge gap between neurological impairments and apical outcomes, including behavioral effects and mortality, induced by 6PPDQ.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Liang Liao
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhi-Feng Chen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Shi-Ping Ou
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Qian-Yi Liu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Shan-Hong Lin
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jia-Ming Zhou
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yujie Wang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zongwei Cai
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong 999077, China.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Cai X, Refaat A, Gan PY, Fan B, Yu H, Thang SH, Drummond CJ, Voelcker NH, Tran N, Zhai J. Angiopep-2-Functionalized Lipid Cubosomes for Blood-Brain Barrier Crossing and Glioblastoma Treatment. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:12161-12174. [PMID: 38416873 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c14709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is an aggressive brain cancer with high malignancy and resistance to conventional treatments, resulting in a bleak prognosis. Nanoparticles offer a way to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and deliver precise therapies to tumor sites with reduced side effects. In this study, we developed angiopep-2 (Ang2)-functionalized lipid cubosomes loaded with cisplatin (CDDP) and temozolomide (TMZ) for crossing the BBB and providing targeted glioblastoma therapy. Developed lipid cubosomes showed a particle size of around 300 nm and possessed an internal ordered inverse primitive cubic phase, a high conjugation efficiency of Ang2 to the particle surface, and an encapsulation efficiency of more than 70% of CDDP and TMZ. In vitro models, including BBB hCMEC/D3 cell tight monolayer, 3D BBB cell spheroid, and microfluidic BBB/GBM-on-a-chip models with cocultured BBB and glioblastoma cells, were employed to study the efficiency of the developed cubosomes to cross the BBB and showed that Ang2-functionalized cubosomes can penetrate the BBB more effectively. Furthermore, Ang2-functionalized cubosomes showed significantly higher uptake by U87 glioblastoma cells, with a 3-fold increase observed in the BBB/GBM-on-a-chip model as compared to that of the bare cubosomes. Additionally, the in vivo biodistribution showed that Ang2 modification could significantly enhance the brain accumulation of cubosomes in comparison to that of non-functionalized particles. Moreover, CDDP-loaded Ang2-functionalized cubosomes presented an enhanced toxic effect on U87 spheroids. These findings suggest that the developed Ang2-cubosomes are prospective for improved BBB crossing and enhanced delivery of therapeutics to glioblastoma and are worth pursuing further as a potential application of nanomedicine for GBM treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xudong Cai
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne 3000, VIC, Australia
| | - Ahmed Refaat
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne 3052, VIC, Australia
| | - Poh-Yi Gan
- Department of Medicine, Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Monash University, 246 Clayton Rd, Clayton 3168, VIC, Australia
| | - Bo Fan
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton 3800, VIC, Australia
| | - Haitao Yu
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne 3000, VIC, Australia
| | - San H Thang
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton 3800, VIC, Australia
| | - Calum J Drummond
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne 3000, VIC, Australia
| | - Nicolas H Voelcker
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne 3052, VIC, Australia
- Melbourne Centre for Nanofabrication, Victorian Node of the Australian National Fabrication Facility, Clayton 3168, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Monash University, Clayton 3168, Victoria, Australia
| | - Nhiem Tran
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne 3000, VIC, Australia
| | - Jiali Zhai
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne 3000, VIC, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Sánchez-Cano F, Hernández-Kelly LC, Ortega A. Silica Nanoparticles Decrease Glutamate Uptake in Blood-Brain Barrier Components. Neurotox Res 2024; 42:20. [PMID: 38436780 PMCID: PMC10912144 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-024-00696-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Glutamate is the major excitatory amino acid in the vertebrate brain, playing an important role in most brain functions. It exerts its activity through plasma membrane receptors and transporters, expressed both in neurons and glia cells. Overstimulation of neuronal glutamate receptors is linked to cell death in a process known as excitotoxicity, that is prevented by the efficient removal of the neurotransmitter through glutamate transporters enriched in the glia plasma membrane and in the components of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Silica nanoparticles (SiO2-NPs) have been widely used in biomedical applications and directed to enter the circulatory system; however, little is known about the potential adverse effects of SiO2-NPs exposure on the BBB transport systems that support the critical isolation function between the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral circulation. In this contribution, we investigated the plausible SiO2-NPs-mediated disruption of the glutamate transport system expressed by BBB cell components. First, we evaluated the cytotoxic effect of SiO2-NPs on human brain endothelial (HBEC) and Uppsala 87 Malignant glioma (U-87MG) cell lines. Transport kinetics were evaluated, and the exposure effect of SiO2-NPs on glutamate transport activity was determined in both cell lines. Exposure of the cells to different SiO2-NP concentrations (0.4, 4.8, 10, and 20 µg/ml) and time periods (3 and 6 h) did not affect cell viability. We found that the radio-labeled D-aspartate ([3H]-D-Asp) uptake is mostly sodium-dependent, and downregulated by its own substrate (glutamate). Furthermore, SiO2-NPs exposure on endothelial and astrocytes decreases [3H]-D-Asp uptake in a dose-dependent manner. Interestingly, a decrease in the transporter catalytic efficiency, probably linked to a diminution in the affinity of the transporter, was detected upon SiO2-NPs. These results favor the notion that exposure to SiO2-NPs could disrupt BBB function and by these means shed some light into our understanding of the deleterious effects of air pollution on the CNS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fredy Sánchez-Cano
- Laboratorio de Neurotoxicología, Departamento de Toxicología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. IPN 2508, San Pedro Zacatenco, 07300 CDMX, México
| | - Luisa C Hernández-Kelly
- Laboratorio de Neurotoxicología, Departamento de Toxicología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. IPN 2508, San Pedro Zacatenco, 07300 CDMX, México
| | - Arturo Ortega
- Laboratorio de Neurotoxicología, Departamento de Toxicología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. IPN 2508, San Pedro Zacatenco, 07300 CDMX, México.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Deli MA, Porkoláb G, Kincses A, Mészáros M, Szecskó A, Kocsis AE, Vigh JP, Valkai S, Veszelka S, Walter FR, Dér A. Lab-on-a-chip models of the blood-brain barrier: evolution, problems, perspectives. LAB ON A CHIP 2024; 24:1030-1063. [PMID: 38353254 DOI: 10.1039/d3lc00996c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
A great progress has been made in the development and use of lab-on-a-chip devices to model and study the blood-brain barrier (BBB) in the last decade. We present the main types of BBB-on-chip models and their use for the investigation of BBB physiology, drug and nanoparticle transport, toxicology and pathology. The selection of the appropriate cell types to be integrated into BBB-on-chip devices is discussed, as this greatly impacts the physiological relevance and translatability of findings. We identify knowledge gaps, neglected engineering and cell biological aspects and point out problems and contradictions in the literature of BBB-on-chip models, and suggest areas for further studies to progress this highly interdisciplinary field. BBB-on-chip models have an exceptional potential as predictive tools and alternatives of animal experiments in basic and preclinical research. To exploit the full potential of this technique expertise from materials science, bioengineering as well as stem cell and vascular/BBB biology is necessary. There is a need for better integration of these diverse disciplines that can only be achieved by setting clear parameters for characterizing both the chip and the BBB model parts technically and functionally.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mária A Deli
- HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Institute of Biophysics, Szeged, Hungary.
| | - Gergő Porkoláb
- HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Institute of Biophysics, Szeged, Hungary.
- Doctoral School of Biology, University of Szeged, Hungary
| | - András Kincses
- HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Institute of Biophysics, Szeged, Hungary.
| | - Mária Mészáros
- HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Institute of Biophysics, Szeged, Hungary.
| | - Anikó Szecskó
- HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Institute of Biophysics, Szeged, Hungary.
- Doctoral School of Biology, University of Szeged, Hungary
| | - Anna E Kocsis
- HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Institute of Biophysics, Szeged, Hungary.
| | - Judit P Vigh
- HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Institute of Biophysics, Szeged, Hungary.
- Doctoral School of Biology, University of Szeged, Hungary
| | - Sándor Valkai
- HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Institute of Biophysics, Szeged, Hungary.
| | - Szilvia Veszelka
- HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Institute of Biophysics, Szeged, Hungary.
| | - Fruzsina R Walter
- HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Institute of Biophysics, Szeged, Hungary.
| | - András Dér
- HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Institute of Biophysics, Szeged, Hungary.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Vágvölgyi M, Laczkó D, Santa-Maria AR, Vigh JP, Walter FR, Berkecz R, Deli MA, Tóth G, Hunyadi A. 17-Oxime ethers of oxidized ecdysteroid derivatives modulate oxidative stress in human brain endothelial cells and dose-dependently might protect or damage the blood-brain barrier. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0290526. [PMID: 38386637 PMCID: PMC10883584 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0290526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
20-Hydroxyecdysone and several of its oxidized derivatives exert cytoprotective effect in mammals including humans. Inspired by this bioactivity of ecdysteroids, in the current study it was our aim to prepare a set of sidechain-modified derivatives and to evaluate their potential to protect the blood-brain barrier (BBB) from oxidative stress. Six novel ecdysteroids, including an oxime and five oxime ethers, were obtained through regioselective synthesis from a sidechain-cleaved calonysterone derivative 2 and fully characterized by comprehensive NMR techniques revealing their complete 1H and 13C signal assignments. Surprisingly, several compounds sensitized hCMEC/D3 brain microvascular endothelial cells to tert-butyl hydroperoxide (tBHP)-induced oxidative damage as recorded by impedance measurements. Compound 8, containing a benzyloxime ether moiety in its sidechain, was the only one that exerted a protective effect at a higher, 10 μM concentration, while at lower (10 nM- 1 μM) concentrations it promoted tBHP-induced cellular damage. Brain endothelial cells were protected from tBHP-induced barrier integrity decrease by treatment with 10 μM of compound 8, which also mitigated the intracellular reactive oxygen species production elevated by tBHP. Based on our results, 17-oxime ethers of oxidized ecdysteroids modulate oxidative stress of the BBB in a way that may point towards unexpected toxicity. Further studies are needed to evaluate any possible risk connected to dietary ecdysteroid consumption and CNS pathologies in which BBB damage plays an important role.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Máté Vágvölgyi
- Institute of Pharmacognosy, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Dávid Laczkó
- Institute of Pharmacognosy, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Ana Raquel Santa-Maria
- Institute of Biophysics, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Judit P. Vigh
- Institute of Biophysics, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Biology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Fruzsina R. Walter
- Institute of Biophysics, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Róbert Berkecz
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Analysis, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Mária A. Deli
- Institute of Biophysics, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Gábor Tóth
- NMR Group, Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Attila Hunyadi
- Institute of Pharmacognosy, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Natural Products, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
- HUN-REN-SZTE Biologically Active Natural Products Research Group, Szeged, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Yadegari F, Gabler Pizarro LA, Marquez-Curtis LA, Elliott JAW. Temperature Dependence of Membrane Permeability Parameters for Five Cell Types Using Nonideal Thermodynamic Assumptions to Mathematically Model Cryopreservation Protocols. J Phys Chem B 2024; 128:1139-1160. [PMID: 38291962 PMCID: PMC10860702 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.3c04534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Cryopreservation is the process of preserving biological matter at subzero temperatures for long-term storage. During cryopreservation, cells are susceptible to various injuries that can be mitigated by controlling the cooling and warming profiles and cryoprotective agent (CPA) addition and removal procedures. Mathematical modeling of the changing cell volume at different temperatures can greatly reduce the experiments needed to optimize cryopreservation protocols. Such mathematical modeling requires as inputs the cell membrane permeabilities to water and CPA and the osmotically inactive fraction of the cell. Since the intra- and extracellular solutions are generally thermodynamically nonideal, our group has been incorporating the osmotic virial equation to model the solution thermodynamics that underlie the cell volume change equations, adding the second and third osmotic virial coefficients of the grouped intracellular solute to the cell osmotic parameters that must be measured. In our previous work, we reported methods to obtain cell osmotic parameters at room temperature by fitting experimental cell volume kinetic data with equations that incorporated nonideal solution thermodynamics assumptions. Since the relevant cell volume excursions occur at different temperatures, the temperature dependence of the osmotic parameters plays an important role. In this work, we present a new two-part fitting method to obtain five cell-type-specific parameters (water permeability, dimethyl sulfoxide permeability, osmotically inactive fraction, and the second and third osmotic virial coefficients of the intracellular solution) from experimental measurements of equilibrium cell volume and cell volume as a function of time at room temperature and 0 °C for five cell types, namely, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), H9c2 rat myoblasts, porcine corneal endothelial cells (PCECs), the Jurkat T-lymphocyte cell line, and human cerebral microvascular endothelial cells (hCMECs/D3 cell line). The fitting method in this work is based on both equilibrium and kinetic cell volume data, enabling us to solve some technical challenges and expand our previously reported measurement technique to 0 °C. Finally, we use the measured parameters to model the cell volume changes for a HUVEC cryopreservation protocol to demonstrate the impact of the nonideal thermodynamic assumptions on predicting the changing cell volume during freezing and thawing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Faranak Yadegari
- Department
of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University
of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 1H9, Canada
- Department
of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University
of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 1C9, Canada
| | - Laura A. Gabler Pizarro
- Department
of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University
of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Leah A. Marquez-Curtis
- Department
of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University
of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 1H9, Canada
- Department
of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University
of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 1C9, Canada
| | - Janet A. W. Elliott
- Department
of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University
of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 1H9, Canada
- Department
of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University
of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 1C9, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Han EL, Padilla MS, Palanki R, Kim D, Mrksich K, Li JJ, Tang S, Yoon IC, Mitchell MJ. Predictive High-Throughput Platform for Dual Screening of mRNA Lipid Nanoparticle Blood-Brain Barrier Transfection and Crossing. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:1477-1486. [PMID: 38259198 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c03509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Lipid nanoparticle (LNP)-mediated nucleic acid therapies, including mRNA protein replacement and gene editing therapies, hold great potential in treating neurological disorders including neurodegeneration, brain cancer, and stroke. However, delivering LNPs across the blood-brain barrier (BBB) after systemic administration remains underexplored. In this work, we engineered a high-throughput screening transwell platform for the BBB (HTS-BBB), specifically optimized for screening mRNA LNPs. Unlike most transwell assays, which only assess transport across an endothelial monolayer, HTS-BBB simultaneously measures LNP transport and mRNA transfection of the endothelial cells themselves. We then use HTS-BBB to screen a library of 14 LNPs made with structurally diverse ionizable lipids and demonstrate it is predictive of in vivo performance by validating lead candidates for mRNA delivery to the mouse brain after intravenous injection. Going forward, this platform could be used to screen large libraries of brain-targeted LNPs for a range of protein replacement and gene editing applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emily L Han
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Marshall S Padilla
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Rohan Palanki
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
- Center for Fetal Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Dongyoon Kim
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Kaitlin Mrksich
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Jacqueline J Li
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Sophia Tang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Il-Chul Yoon
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Michael J Mitchell
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
- Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
- Cardiovascular Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
- Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
- Penn Institute for RNA Innovation, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Halder T, Saha B, Dhas N, Acharya S, Acharya N. Development and evaluation of multi-functionalized sialic acid conjugated asiatic acid nanoconstruct to mitigate cognitive deficits in Alzheimer's disease. Drug Dev Res 2024; 85:e22146. [PMID: 38349270 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.22146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
Sialic acid (SA) serves a critical role in neuronal repair and cognitive functions. SA is a nine-carbon carboxylated sugar with a glycoconjugate cap that acts as a ligand and surface decoration with SA facilitates delivery to the target site. The present research aimed to develop SA surface modified AA nanostructured lipid carrier (NLCs) with carbodiimide conjugation method. Sterylamine, poloxamer 188 and tween 80 were used as surfactants and several characterization studies including, differential scanning calorimetry, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and x-ray photon spectroscopy were analyzed. Further, in vitro, neuroprotective efficiency was evaluated in SH-SY5Y cells and hCMEC/D3 cells and found significant potential effects with the treatments of developed NLCs. Pharmacodynamics studies were also assessed in beta-amyloid-injected rats following quantification of Alzheimer's disease (AD) hallmarks like, Aβ(1-42), tau-protein, glycogen synthase kinase-3β levels, interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α for neuroinflammatory responses. Characterization studies revealed the conjugation on developed NLCs. The in vitro and in vivo results showed significant effects of SA decorated NLCs in reversing the damage by toxicant which was further characterized by the levels of neurotransmitters like acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase. The results revealed significant (p < .05) refurbishment of cholinergic functions after 28 days of treatment of developed NLCs. These preclinical findings support the use of SA as a ligand to deliver the AA at targeted site as well as to mitigate the cognitive deficits in AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tripti Halder
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
- Faculty of Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical and Population Health Informatics, DIT University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Bijit Saha
- Department of Research and Development, Jodas Expoim Pvt Ltd, Kukatpally, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Namdev Dhas
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Sanjeev Acharya
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, Ganpat University, Kherva, Gujarat, India
| | - Niyati Acharya
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Hopf NB, Suter-Dick L, Huwyler J, Borgatta M, Hegg L, Pamies D, Paschoud H, Puligilla RD, Reale E, Werner S, Zurich MG. Novel Strategy to Assess the Neurotoxicity of Organic Solvents Such as Glycol Ethers: Protocol for Combining In Vitro and In Silico Methods With Human-Controlled Exposure Experiments. JMIR Res Protoc 2024; 13:e50300. [PMID: 38236630 PMCID: PMC10835597 DOI: 10.2196/50300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chemicals are not required to be tested systematically for their neurotoxic potency, although they may contribute to the development of several neurological diseases. The absence of systematic testing may be partially explained by the current Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) Test Guidelines, which rely on animal experiments that are expensive, laborious, and ethically debatable. Therefore, it is important to understand the risks to exposed workers and the general population exposed to domestic products. In this study, we propose a strategy to test the neurotoxicity of solvents using the commonly used glycol ethers as a case study. OBJECTIVE This study aims to provide a strategy that can be used by regulatory agencies and industries to rank solvents according to their neurotoxicity and demonstrate the use of toxicokinetic modeling to predict air concentrations of solvents that are below the no observed adverse effect concentrations (NOAECs) for human neurotoxicity determined in in vitro assays. METHODS The proposed strategy focuses on a complex 3D in vitro brain model (BrainSpheres) derived from human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs). This model is accompanied by in vivo, in vitro, and in silico models for the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and in vitro models for liver metabolism. The data are integrated into a toxicokinetic model. Internal concentrations predicted using this toxicokinetic model are compared with the results from in vivo human-controlled exposure experiments for model validation. The toxicokinetic model is then used in reverse dosimetry to predict air concentrations, leading to brain concentrations lower than the NOAECs determined in the hiPSC-derived 3D brain model. These predictions will contribute to the protection of exposed workers and the general population with domestic exposures. RESULTS The Swiss Centre for Applied Human Toxicology funded the project, commencing in January 2021. The Human Ethics Committee approval was obtained on November 16, 2022. Zebrafish experiments and in vitro methods started in February 2021, whereas recruitment of human volunteers started in 2022 after the COVID-19 pandemic-related restrictions were lifted. We anticipate that we will be able to provide a neurotoxicity testing strategy by 2026 and predicted air concentrations for 6 commonly used propylene glycol ethers based on toxicokinetic models incorporating liver metabolism, BBB leakage parameters, and brain toxicity. CONCLUSIONS This study will be of great interest to regulatory agencies and chemical industries needing and seeking novel solutions to develop human chemical risk assessments. It will contribute to protecting human health from the deleterious effects of environmental chemicals. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/50300.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nancy B Hopf
- Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Centre for Applied Human Toxicology (SCAHT), Basel, Switzerland
| | - Laura Suter-Dick
- Swiss Centre for Applied Human Toxicology (SCAHT), Basel, Switzerland
- School of Life Sciences, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland, Muttenz, Switzerland
| | - Jörg Huwyler
- Swiss Centre for Applied Human Toxicology (SCAHT), Basel, Switzerland
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Myriam Borgatta
- Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Centre for Applied Human Toxicology (SCAHT), Basel, Switzerland
| | - Lucie Hegg
- Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Centre for Applied Human Toxicology (SCAHT), Basel, Switzerland
| | - David Pamies
- Swiss Centre for Applied Human Toxicology (SCAHT), Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Hélène Paschoud
- Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Centre for Applied Human Toxicology (SCAHT), Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ramya Deepthi Puligilla
- Swiss Centre for Applied Human Toxicology (SCAHT), Basel, Switzerland
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Elena Reale
- Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Centre for Applied Human Toxicology (SCAHT), Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sophie Werner
- Swiss Centre for Applied Human Toxicology (SCAHT), Basel, Switzerland
- School of Life Sciences, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland, Muttenz, Switzerland
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Marie-Gabrielle Zurich
- Swiss Centre for Applied Human Toxicology (SCAHT), Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Chaves JCS, Wasielewska JM, Cuní-López C, Rantanen LM, Lee S, Koistinaho J, White AR, Oikari LE. Alzheimer's disease brain endothelial-like cells reveal differential drug transporter expression and modulation by potentially therapeutic focused ultrasound. Neurotherapeutics 2024; 21:e00299. [PMID: 38241156 PMCID: PMC10903103 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurot.2023.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) has a key function in maintaining homeostasis in the brain, partly modulated by transporters, which are highly expressed in brain endothelial cells (BECs). Transporters mediate the uptake or efflux of compounds to and from the brain and they can also challenge the delivery of drugs for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Currently there is a limited understanding of changes in BBB transporters in AD. To investigate this, we generated brain endothelial-like cells (iBECs) from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) with familial AD (FAD) Presenilin 1 (PSEN1) mutation and identified AD-specific differences in transporter expression compared to control (ctrl) iBECs. We first characterized the expression levels of 12 BBB transporters in AD-, Ctrl-, and isogenic (PSEN1 corrected) iBECs to identify any AD specific differences. We then exposed the cells to focused ultrasound (FUS) in the absence (FUSonly) or presence of microbubbles (MB) (FUS+MB), which is a novel therapeutic method that can be used to transiently open the BBB to increase drug delivery into the brain, however its effects on BBB transporter expression are largely unknown. Following FUSonly and FUS+MB, we investigated whether the expression or activity of key transporters could be modulated. Our findings demonstrate that PSEN1 mutant FAD (PSEN1AD) possess phenotypical differences compared to control iBECs in BBB transporter expression and function. Additionally, we show that FUSonly and FUS+MB can modulate BBB transporter expression and functional activity in iBECs, having potential implications on drug penetration and amyloid clearance. These findings highlight the differential responses of patient cells to FUS treatment, with patient-derived models likely providing an important tool for modelling therapeutic effects of FUS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juliana C S Chaves
- Mental Health and Neuroscience, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, QUT, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Joanna M Wasielewska
- Mental Health and Neuroscience, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Carla Cuní-López
- Mental Health and Neuroscience, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Laura M Rantanen
- Mental Health and Neuroscience, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, QUT, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Serine Lee
- Mental Health and Neuroscience, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Jari Koistinaho
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Neuroscience Center, Kuopio, Finland; Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anthony R White
- Mental Health and Neuroscience, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, QUT, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Lotta E Oikari
- Mental Health and Neuroscience, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Varshney S, Alam MA, Kaur A, Dhoundiyal S. Niosomes: A Smart Drug Delivery System for Brain Targeting. Pharm Nanotechnol 2024; 12:108-125. [PMID: 37226788 DOI: 10.2174/2211738511666230524143832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Niosomes are lipid-based nanovesicles that have the potential to act as drug-delivery vehicles for a variety of agents. They are effective drug delivery systems for both ASOs and AAV vectors, with advantages such as improved stability, bioavailability, and targeted administration. In the context of brain-targeted drug delivery, niosomes have been investigated as a drug delivery system for brain targeting, but more research is needed to optimize their formulation to improve their stability and release profile and address the challenges of scale-up and commercialization. Despite these challenges, several applications of niosomes have demonstrated the potential of novel nanocarriers for targeted drug delivery to the brain. This review briefly overviews the current use of niosomes in treating brain disorders and diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandesh Varshney
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medical and Allied Sciences, Galgotias University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Md Aftab Alam
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medical and Allied Sciences, Galgotias University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Awaneet Kaur
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medical and Allied Sciences, Galgotias University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shivang Dhoundiyal
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medical and Allied Sciences, Galgotias University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Hosseinkhani B, Duran G, Hoeks C, Hermans D, Schepers M, Baeten P, Poelmans J, Coenen B, Bekar K, Pintelon I, Timmermans JP, Vanmierlo T, Michiels L, Hellings N, Broux B. Cerebral microvascular endothelial cell-derived extracellular vesicles regulate blood - brain barrier function. Fluids Barriers CNS 2023; 20:95. [PMID: 38114994 PMCID: PMC10729529 DOI: 10.1186/s12987-023-00504-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Autoreactive T lymphocytes crossing the blood-brain barrier (BBB) into the central nervous system (CNS) play a crucial role in the initiation of demyelination and neurodegeneration in multiple sclerosis (MS). Recently, extracellular vesicles (EV) secreted by BBB endothelial cells (BBB-EC) have emerged as a unique form of cell-to-cell communication that contributes to cerebrovascular dysfunction. However, the precise impact of different size-based subpopulations of BBB-EC-derived EV (BBB-EV) on the early stages of MS remains unclear. Therefore, our objective was to investigate the content and function of distinct BBB-EV subpopulations in regulating BBB integrity and their role in T cell transendothelial migration, both in vitro and in vivo. Our study reveals that BBB-ECs release two distinct size based EV populations, namely small EV (sEV; 30-150 nm) and large EV (lEV; 150-300 nm), with a significantly higher secretion of sEV during inflammation. Notably, the expression patterns of cytokines and adhesion markers differ significantly between these BBB-EV subsets, indicating specific functional differences in the regulation of T cell migration. Through in vitro experiments, we demonstrate that lEV, which predominantly reflect their cellular source, play a major role in BBB integrity loss and the enhanced migration of pro-inflammatory Th1 and Th17.1 cells. Conversely, sEV appear to protect BBB function by inducing an anti-inflammatory phenotype in BBB-EC. These findings align with our in vivo data, where the administration of sEV to mice with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) results in lower disease severity compared to the administration of lEV, which exacerbates disease symptoms. In conclusion, our study highlights the distinct and opposing effects of BBB-EV subpopulations on the BBB, both in vitro and in vivo. These findings underscore the need for further investigation into the diagnostic and therapeutic potential of BBB-EV in the context of MS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Baharak Hosseinkhani
- University MS Center, Campus Diepenbeek, Diepenbeek, Belgium
- Neuro-Immune Connections and Repair Lab, Department of Immunology and Infection, Biomedical Research Institute, UHasselt, Diepenbeek, Belgium
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Center for Cancer Biology (CCB), VIB, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Oncology, Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Gayel Duran
- University MS Center, Campus Diepenbeek, Diepenbeek, Belgium
- Neuro-Immune Connections and Repair Lab, Department of Immunology and Infection, Biomedical Research Institute, UHasselt, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Cindy Hoeks
- University MS Center, Campus Diepenbeek, Diepenbeek, Belgium
- Neuro-Immune Connections and Repair Lab, Department of Immunology and Infection, Biomedical Research Institute, UHasselt, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Doryssa Hermans
- University MS Center, Campus Diepenbeek, Diepenbeek, Belgium
- Neuro-Immune Connections and Repair Lab, Department of Immunology and Infection, Biomedical Research Institute, UHasselt, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Melissa Schepers
- University MS Center, Campus Diepenbeek, Diepenbeek, Belgium
- Neuro-Immune Connections and Repair Lab, Department of Immunology and Infection, Biomedical Research Institute, UHasselt, Diepenbeek, Belgium
- Department Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Paulien Baeten
- University MS Center, Campus Diepenbeek, Diepenbeek, Belgium
- Neuro-Immune Connections and Repair Lab, Department of Immunology and Infection, Biomedical Research Institute, UHasselt, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Joren Poelmans
- University MS Center, Campus Diepenbeek, Diepenbeek, Belgium
- Neuro-Immune Connections and Repair Lab, Department of Immunology and Infection, Biomedical Research Institute, UHasselt, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Britt Coenen
- University MS Center, Campus Diepenbeek, Diepenbeek, Belgium
- Neuro-Immune Connections and Repair Lab, Department of Immunology and Infection, Biomedical Research Institute, UHasselt, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Kübra Bekar
- University MS Center, Campus Diepenbeek, Diepenbeek, Belgium
- Neuro-Immune Connections and Repair Lab, Department of Immunology and Infection, Biomedical Research Institute, UHasselt, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Isabel Pintelon
- Laboratory of Cell Biology & Histology/Antwerp Centre for Advanced Microscopy (ACAM), University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, Antwerp, 2610, Belgium
| | - Jean-Pierre Timmermans
- Laboratory of Cell Biology & Histology/Antwerp Centre for Advanced Microscopy (ACAM), University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, Antwerp, 2610, Belgium
| | - Tim Vanmierlo
- University MS Center, Campus Diepenbeek, Diepenbeek, Belgium
- Neuro-Immune Connections and Repair Lab, Department of Immunology and Infection, Biomedical Research Institute, UHasselt, Diepenbeek, Belgium
- Department Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Luc Michiels
- Bionanotechnology group, Biomedical Research Institute, UHasselt, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Niels Hellings
- University MS Center, Campus Diepenbeek, Diepenbeek, Belgium
- Neuro-Immune Connections and Repair Lab, Department of Immunology and Infection, Biomedical Research Institute, UHasselt, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Bieke Broux
- University MS Center, Campus Diepenbeek, Diepenbeek, Belgium.
- Neuro-Immune Connections and Repair Lab, Department of Immunology and Infection, Biomedical Research Institute, UHasselt, Diepenbeek, Belgium.
- Universiteit Hasselt, Martelarenlaan 42, Hasselt, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Ozgür B, Puris E, Brachner A, Appelt-Menzel A, Oerter S, Balzer V, Holst MR, Christiansen RF, Hyldig K, Buckley ST, Kristensen M, Auriola S, Jensen A, Fricker G, Nielsen MS, Neuhaus W, Brodin B. Characterization of an iPSC-based barrier model for blood-brain barrier investigations using the SBAD0201 stem cell line. Fluids Barriers CNS 2023; 20:96. [PMID: 38115090 PMCID: PMC10731806 DOI: 10.1186/s12987-023-00501-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Blood-brain barrier (BBB) models based on primary murine, bovine, and porcine brain capillary endothelial cell cultures have long been regarded as robust models with appropriate properties to examine the functional transport of small molecules. However, species differences sometimes complicate translating results from these models to human settings. During the last decade, brain capillary endothelial-like cells (BCECs) have been generated from stem cell sources to model the human BBB in vitro. The aim of the present study was to establish and characterize a human BBB model using human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived BCECs from the hIPSC line SBAD0201. METHODS The model was evaluated using transcriptomics, proteomics, immunocytochemistry, transendothelial electrical resistance (TEER) measurements, and, finally, transport assays to assess the functionality of selected transporters and receptor (GLUT-1, LAT-1, P-gp and LRP-1). RESULTS The resulting BBB model displayed an average TEER of 5474 ± 167 Ω·cm2 and cell monolayer formation with claudin-5, ZO-1, and occludin expression in the tight junction zones. The cell monolayers expressed the typical BBB markers VE-cadherin, VWF, and PECAM-1. Transcriptomics and quantitative targeted absolute proteomics analyses revealed that solute carrier (SLC) transporters were found in high abundance, while the expression of efflux transporters was relatively low. Transport assays using GLUT-1, LAT-1, and LRP-1 substrates and inhibitors confirmed the functional activities of these transporters and receptors in the model. A transport assay suggested that P-gp was not functionally expressed in the model, albeit antibody staining revealed that P-gp was localized at the luminal membrane. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, the novel SBAD0201-derived BBB model formed tight monolayers and was proven useful for studies investigating GLUT-1, LAT-1, and LRP-1 mediated transport across the BBB. However, the model did not express functional P-gp and thus is not suitable for the performance of drug efflux P-gp reletated studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Burak Ozgür
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, Copenhagen, DK-2100, Denmark
- Biotherapeutic Discovery, H. Lundbeck A/S, Valby, DK-2500, Denmark
| | - Elena Puris
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Ruprecht-Karls-University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andreas Brachner
- AIT - Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Vienna, 1210, Austria
| | - Antje Appelt-Menzel
- Chair Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (TERM), University Hospital Würzburg, 97070, Würzburg, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Silicate Research ISC, Translational Center Regenerative Therapies (TLC-RT) Röntgenring 11, 97070, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Sabrina Oerter
- Chair Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (TERM), University Hospital Würzburg, 97070, Würzburg, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Silicate Research ISC, Translational Center Regenerative Therapies (TLC-RT) Röntgenring 11, 97070, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Viktor Balzer
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Ruprecht-Karls-University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | | | - Kathrine Hyldig
- Biotherapeutic Discovery, H. Lundbeck A/S, Valby, DK-2500, Denmark
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, DK-8000, Denmark
| | - Stephen T Buckley
- Global Research Technologies, Novo Nordisk A/S, Måløv, DK-2760, Denmark
| | - Mie Kristensen
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, Copenhagen, DK-2100, Denmark
| | - Seppo Auriola
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Allan Jensen
- Biotherapeutic Discovery, H. Lundbeck A/S, Valby, DK-2500, Denmark
| | - Gert Fricker
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Ruprecht-Karls-University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Winfried Neuhaus
- AIT - Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Vienna, 1210, Austria
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Danube Private University, Krems, 3500, Austria
| | - Birger Brodin
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, Copenhagen, DK-2100, Denmark.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Janeiro MH, Solas M, Orbe J, Rodríguez JA, Sanchez de Muniain L, Escalada P, Yip PK, Ramirez MJ. Trimethylamine N-Oxide as a Mediator Linking Peripheral to Central Inflammation: An In Vitro Study. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17557. [PMID: 38139384 PMCID: PMC10743393 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, the plausible role of trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), a microbiota metabolite, was investigated as a link between peripheral inflammation and the inflammation of the central nervous system using different cell lines. TMAO treatment favored the differentiation of adipocytes from preadipocytes (3T3-L1 cell line). In macrophages (RAW 264.7 cell line), which infiltrate adipose tissue in obesity, TMAO increased the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines. The treatment with 200 μM of TMAO seemed to disrupt the blood-brain barrier as it induced a significant decrease in the expression of occludin in hCMECs. TMAO also increased the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in primary neuronal cultures, induced a pro-inflammatory state in primary microglial cultures, and promoted phagocytosis. Data obtained from this project suggest that microbial dysbiosis and increased TMAO secretion could be a key link between peripheral and central inflammation. Thus, TMAO-decreasing compounds may be a promising therapeutic strategy for neurodegenerative diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manuel H. Janeiro
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (M.H.J.); (M.S.); (L.S.d.M.); (P.E.)
| | - Maite Solas
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (M.H.J.); (M.S.); (L.S.d.M.); (P.E.)
- IdISNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Josune Orbe
- IdISNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Laboratory of Atherothrombosis, CIMA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain;
- Redes de Investigación Cooperativa Orientadas a Resultados en Salud (RICORS)-Ictus, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose A. Rodríguez
- Laboratory of Atherothrombosis, CIMA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain;
- CIBER Cardiovascular (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Leyre Sanchez de Muniain
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (M.H.J.); (M.S.); (L.S.d.M.); (P.E.)
| | - Paula Escalada
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (M.H.J.); (M.S.); (L.S.d.M.); (P.E.)
| | - Ping K. Yip
- Centre for Neuroscience, Surgery & Trauma, Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK;
| | - Maria J. Ramirez
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (M.H.J.); (M.S.); (L.S.d.M.); (P.E.)
- IdISNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Yamaguchi T, Sako D, Kurosawa T, Nishijima M, Miyano A, Kubo Y, Ohtsuki S, Kawabata K, Deguchi Y. Development and Functional Evaluation of MDR1-expressing Microvascular Endothelial-like Cells Derived from Human iPS Cells as an In vitro Blood-brain Barrier Model. J Pharm Sci 2023; 112:3216-3223. [PMID: 37690777 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2023.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
In order to establish an in vitro model of the human blood-brain barrier (BBB), MDR1-overexpressing human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) were generated, and they were differentiated to MDR1-expressing brain microvascular endothelial-like cells (MDR1-expressing hiPS-BMECs). MDR1-expressing hiPS-BMECs monolayers showed good barrier function in terms of tight junction protein expression and trans-epithelial electrical resistance (TEER). In sequential window acquisition of all theoretical fragment ion spectra mass spectrometry (SWATH-MS), MDR1 protein expression was markedly increased in MDR1-expressing hiPS-BMECs, whereas other ABC and SLC transporters showed almost identical expression between MDR1-expressing hiPS-BMECs and mock hiPS-BMECs, suggesting that MDR1 overexpression had little or no knock-on effect on other proteins. The basolateral-to-apical transport of MDR1 substrates, such as quinidine, [3H]digoxin and [3H]vinblastine, was higher than the apical-to-basolateral transport, and the efflux-dominant transport was attenuated by PSC833, an MDR1-specific inhibitor, indicating that MDR1-mediated efflux transport is functional. The robust MDR1 function was also supported by the efflux-dominant transports of [3H]cyclosporin A, loperamide, cetirizine, and verapamil by MDR1-expressing hiPS-BMECs. These results suggest that MDR1-expressing hiPS-BMECs can be used as an in vitro model of the human BBB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomoko Yamaguchi
- Laboratory of Cell Model for Drug Discovery, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, 7-6-8 Saito-Asagi, Ibaraki, 567-0085, Japan
| | - Daiki Sako
- Laboratory of Drug Disposition & Pharmacokinetics, Faculty of Pharma-Sciences, Teikyo University, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi, Tokyo 173-8605, Japan
| | - Toshiki Kurosawa
- Laboratory of Drug Disposition & Pharmacokinetics, Faculty of Pharma-Sciences, Teikyo University, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi, Tokyo 173-8605, Japan
| | - Misae Nishijima
- Laboratory of Cell Model for Drug Discovery, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, 7-6-8 Saito-Asagi, Ibaraki, 567-0085, Japan
| | - Ayaka Miyano
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-Honmachi, Chuo-Ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Kubo
- Laboratory of Drug Disposition & Pharmacokinetics, Faculty of Pharma-Sciences, Teikyo University, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi, Tokyo 173-8605, Japan
| | - Sumio Ohtsuki
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-Honmachi, Chuo-Ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan; Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-Honmachi, Chuo-Ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan
| | - Kenji Kawabata
- Laboratory of Cell Model for Drug Discovery, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, 7-6-8 Saito-Asagi, Ibaraki, 567-0085, Japan; Laboratory of Biomedical Innovation, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamadaoka, Suita 565-0871, Japan; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1, Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0017, Japan.
| | - Yoshiharu Deguchi
- Laboratory of Drug Disposition & Pharmacokinetics, Faculty of Pharma-Sciences, Teikyo University, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi, Tokyo 173-8605, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Mohammed L, Marquez-Curtis LA, Elliott JAW. Cryopreservation of human cerebral microvascular endothelial cells with glycerol. Cryobiology 2023; 113:104551. [PMID: 37328025 DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2023.104551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The cryopreservation of human cerebral microvascular endothelial cells (hCMEC) has facilitated their commercial availability for research studying the blood-brain barrier. The currently employed cryopreservation protocol uses 10% dimethyl sulfoxide (Me2SO) in cell medium, or 5% Me2SO in 95% fetal bovine serum (FBS) as cryoprotective agents (CPAs). However, Me2SO is toxic to cells and FBS is animal-derived and not chemically defined, so reducing the concentrations of these components is desirable. Recently, we showed that cryopreserving hCMEC in cell medium with 5% Me2SO and 6% hydroxyethyl starch (HES) results in over 90% post-thaw cell viability. This previous work was performed using an interrupted slow cooling (graded freezing) approach followed by SYTO13/GelRed staining to assay for membrane integrity. In this paper, we repeated graded freezing of hCMEC in cell medium containing 5% Me2SO and 6% HES, but this time using Calcein AM/propidium iodide staining to ensure that the stain is an equivalent alternative to SYTO13/GelRed for assessment of cell viability, and that results are comparable to those previously published. Next, using graded freezing experiments and Calcein AM/propidium iodide staining, we examined the effectiveness of non-toxic glycerol as a CPA at different concentrations, loading times, and cooling rates. The cryobiological response of hCMEC was used to develop a protocol that optimizes both the permeating and non-permeating capabilities of glycerol. HCMEC in cell medium loaded with 10% glycerol for 1 h at room temperature, ice nucleated at -5 °C and held for 3 min, and then cooled at -1 °C/min to -30 °C before plunging into liquid nitrogen had post-thaw viability of 87.7% ± 1.8%. Matrigel tube formation assay and immunocytochemical staining of junction protein ZO-1 were carried out on post-thaw hCMEC to ensure that the cryopreserved cells were viable and functional, in addition to being membrane-intact.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lanah Mohammed
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Leah A Marquez-Curtis
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Janet A W Elliott
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Kato N, Yamada S, Suzuki R, Iida Y, Matsumoto M, Fumoto S, Arima H, Mukai H, Kawakami S. Development of an apolipoprotein E mimetic peptide-lipid conjugate for efficient brain delivery of liposomes. Drug Deliv 2023; 30:2173333. [PMID: 36718920 PMCID: PMC9891163 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2023.2173333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Liposomes are versatile carriers that can encapsulate various drugs; however, for delivery to the brain, they must be modified with a targeting ligand or other modifications to provide blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability, while avoiding rapid clearance by reticuloendothelial systems through polyethylene glycol (PEG) modification. BBB-penetrating peptides act as brain-targeting ligands. In this study, to achieve efficient brain delivery of liposomes, we screened the functionality of eight BBB-penetrating peptides reported previously, based on high-throughput quantitative evaluation methods with in vitro BBB permeability evaluation system using Transwell, in situ brain perfusion system, and others. For apolipoprotein E mimetic tandem dimer peptide (ApoEdp), which showed the best brain-targeting and BBB permeability in the comparative evaluation of eight peptides, its lipid conjugate with serine-glycine (SG)5 spacer (ApoEdp-SG-lipid) was newly synthesized and ApoEdp-modified PEGylated liposomes were prepared. ApoEdp-modified PEGylated liposomes were effectively associated with human brain capillary endothelial cells via the ApoEdp sequence and permeated the membrane in an in vitro BBB model. Moreover, ApoEdp-modified PEGylated liposomes accumulated in the brain 3.9-fold higher than PEGylated liposomes in mice. In addition, the ability of ApoEdp-modified PEGylated liposomes to localize beyond the BBB into the brain parenchyma in mice was demonstrated via three-dimensional imaging with tissue clearing. These results suggest that ApoEdp-SG-lipid modification is an effective approach for endowing PEGylated liposomes with the brain-targeting ability and BBB permeability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naoya Kato
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Sakura Yamada
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Rino Suzuki
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Iida
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Makoto Matsumoto
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Shintaro Fumoto
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Arima
- School of Pharmacy, Daiichi University of Pharmacy, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hidefumi Mukai
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
- Laboratory for Molecular Delivery and Imaging Technology, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Shigeru Kawakami
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Bullock TA, Galpayage Dona KNU, Hale JF, Morales P, Jagerovic N, Andrews AM, Ramirez SH. Activation of CB2R by synthetic CB2R agonist, PM289, improves brain endothelial barrier properties, decreases inflammatory response and enhances endothelial repair. NEUROIMMUNE PHARMACOLOGY AND THERAPEUTICS 2023; 2:387-400. [PMID: 38116176 PMCID: PMC10726734 DOI: 10.1515/nipt-2023-0016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
The Cannabinoid 2 Receptor (CB2R) has been found to provide immunological modulation in different cell types. More recently, detection of CB2R in the cerebral endothelium suggests a possible role in the resolution of inflammation at the level of the blood-brain-barrier (BBB). Here, the notion that CB2R upregulation in brain endothelial cells could be exploited to promote vascular protection and BBB integrity was evaluated. Targeting and activation of CB2R was accomplished by a novel and highly specific chromenopyrazole based CB2R agonist, PM289. This study demonstrates that CB2R upregulation is induced as early as 8 h in the cortical vasculature in an experimental mouse model of TBI. Unlike CB2R, CB1R was marginally detected and not significantly induced. In the human brain endothelial cell line, hCMEC/D3 cells, similar induction of CB2R was observed upon stimulation with TNFα. Analysis of transendothelial electrical resistance shows that PM289 markedly prevented the barrier-leakiness induced by TNFα. The BBB is also responsible for maintaining an immunological barrier. The five-fold increase in ICAM1 expression in stimulated endothelial cells was significantly diminished due to CB2R activation. Utilizing wounding assays, results showed that wound repair could be accomplished in nearly half the time when the novel CB2R agonist is present compared to the untreated control. Lastly, mechanistically, the effects of CB2R may be explained by the observed inhibition of the p65 NFκB subunit. Overall, these studies support the notion that targeting and activating CB2R in the brain vasculature could aid in BBB and vascular protection in the context of neuroinflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Trent A. Bullock
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Center for Substance Abuse Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Jonathan F. Hale
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Paula Morales
- Medicinal Chemistry Institute, Spanish National Research Council, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nadine Jagerovic
- Medicinal Chemistry Institute, Spanish National Research Council, Madrid, Spain
| | - Allison M. Andrews
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Center for Substance Abuse Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Servio H. Ramirez
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Center for Substance Abuse Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Shriner’s Hospital for Children, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Chitale S, Wu W, Mukherjee A, Lannon H, Suresh P, Nag I, Ambrosi CM, Gertner RS, Melo H, Powers B, Wilkins H, Hinton H, Cheah M, Boynton ZG, Alexeyev A, Sword D, Basan M, Park H, Ham D, Abbott J. A semiconductor 96-microplate platform for electrical-imaging based high-throughput phenotypic screening. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7576. [PMID: 37990016 PMCID: PMC10663594 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43333-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023] Open
Abstract
High-content imaging for compound and genetic profiling is popular for drug discovery but limited to endpoint images of fixed cells. Conversely, electronic-based devices offer label-free, live cell functional information but suffer from limited spatial resolution or throughput. Here, we introduce a semiconductor 96-microplate platform for high-resolution, real-time impedance imaging. Each well features 4096 electrodes at 25 µm spatial resolution and a miniaturized data interface allows 8× parallel plate operation (768 total wells) for increased throughput. Electric field impedance measurements capture >20 parameter images including cell barrier, attachment, flatness, and motility every 15 min during experiments. We apply this technology to characterize 16 cell types, from primary epithelial to suspension cells, and quantify heterogeneity in mixed co-cultures. Screening 904 compounds across 13 semiconductor microplates reveals 25 distinct responses, demonstrating the platform's potential for mechanism of action profiling. The scalability and translatability of this semiconductor platform expands high-throughput mechanism of action profiling and phenotypic drug discovery applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Wenxuan Wu
- CytoTronics Inc., Boston, MA, USA
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Avik Mukherjee
- Department of System Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Rona S Gertner
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Henry Hinton
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Markus Basan
- Department of System Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hongkun Park
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.
| | - Donhee Ham
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.
| | - Jeffrey Abbott
- CytoTronics Inc., Boston, MA, USA.
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Liu J, Wei Q, Man K, Liang C, Zhou Y, Liu X, Xin HB, Yang Y. Nanofibrous Membrane Promotes and Sustains Vascular Endothelial Barrier Function. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2023; 6:4988-4997. [PMID: 37862245 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c00668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
The vascular endothelium serves as a physical barrier between the circulating blood and surrounding tissue and acts as a critical regulator of various physiological processes. In vitro models involving vasculature rely on the maintenance of the endothelial barrier function. In this study, we fabricated 2D aligned nanofibrous membranes with distinct pore sizes via electrospinning and investigated the effect of membrane pore size on endothelial barrier function. Our results demonstrated that the use of the nanofibrous membranes promoted the formation of a tight vascular endothelium and sustained barrier function for over one month in comparison with conventional transwell setups. Moreover, the examination of the nucleocytoplasmic localization of yes-associated protein (YAP) in the endothelial cells indicated that nanofibrous membrane promoted YAP expression and its nuclear localization, critical to endothelial barrier function. Furthermore, the comparison of permeability between random and aligned nanofibrous membranes underscored the importance of pore size in preserving barrier function. Our findings offer a valuable strategy for creating more physiologically relevant in vitro vascular models and contribute to the understanding of endothelial barrier formation and maintenance mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiafeng Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas 76207, United States
| | - Qiang Wei
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas 76207, United States
- School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, P.R. China
| | - Kun Man
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas 76207, United States
| | - Cindy Liang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas 76207, United States
| | - Yuting Zhou
- Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266073, P. R. China
| | - Xiaohua Liu
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
| | - Hong-Bo Xin
- School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, P.R. China
| | - Yong Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas 76207, United States
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Alanazi F, Raghunandanan S, Priya R, Yang XF. The Rrp2-RpoN-RpoS pathway plays an important role in the blood-brain barrier transmigration of the Lyme disease pathogen. Infect Immun 2023; 91:e0022723. [PMID: 37874144 PMCID: PMC10652863 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00227-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Lyme disease, caused by Borrelia (or Borreliella) burgdorferi, is a complex multisystemic disorder that includes Lyme neuroborreliosis resulting from the invasion of both the central and peripheral nervous systems. However, factors that enable the pathogen to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and invade the central nervous system (CNS) are still not well understood. The objective of this study was to identify the B. burgdorferi factors required for BBB transmigration. We utilized a transwell BBB model based on human brain-microvascular endothelial cells and focused on investigating the Rrp2-RpoN-RpoS pathway, a central regulatory pathway that is essential for mammalian infection by B. burgdorferi. Our results demonstrated that the Rrp2-RpoN-RpoS pathway is crucial for BBB transmigration. Furthermore, we identified OspC, a major surface lipoprotein controlled by the Rrp2-RpoN-RpoS pathway, as a significant contributor to BBB transmigration. Constitutive production of OspC in a mutant defective in the Rrp2-RpoN-RpoS pathway did not rescue the impairment in BBB transmigration, indicating that this pathway controls additional factors for this process. Two other major surface lipoproteins controlled by this pathway, DbpA/B and BBK32, appeared to be dispensable for BBB transmigration. In addition, both the surface lipoprotein OspA and the Rrp1 pathway, which are required B. burgdorferi colonization in the tick vector, were found not required for BBB transmigration. Collectively, our findings using in vitro transwell assays uncover another potential role of the Rrp2-RpoN-RpoS pathway in BBB transmigration of B. burgdorferi and invasion into the CNS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fuad Alanazi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sajith Raghunandanan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Raj Priya
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - X. Frank Yang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Osten F, Löscher W, Gericke B. Human brain microvascular endothelial cells release different types of P-glycoprotein-containing extracellular vesicles upon exposure to doxorubicin. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2023; 479:116712. [PMID: 37820772 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2023.116712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
In the brain, the efflux transporter P-glycoprotein (Pgp) is predominantly located on the luminal membrane of microvascular endothelial cells (BMECs) that form the blood-brain barrier. In addition, Pgp is localized in intracellular organelles involved in Pgp traffic and cycling and, by the release of extracellular vesicles (EVs), in intercellular Pgp transfer to cells with low Pgp expression. We recently described that drug exposure of a human BMEC line (hCMEC/D3) induces the release of Pgp-EGFP-containing EVs; however, the nature of the Pgp-enriched vesicles was not characterized. The two main categories of EVs are exosomes and microvesicles, which differ in origin, size, and molecular cargo. In the present study, we performed similar experiments with hCMEC/D3 cells in the absence and presence of doxorubicin and isolated and characterized the EVs released by the cells during the experiments by differential ultracentrifugation with/without subsequent sucrose gradient fractionation of EV pellets, proteomic profiling, EV size analysis, and confocal fluorescence microscopy. Using cocultures of hCMEC/D3 wildtype cells and cells transduced with MDR1-EGFP or monocultures of hCMEC/D3-MDR1-EGFP cells, we found release of both Pgp-enriched exosomes and microvesicles but analysis of the exosomal marker protein Rab7 indicated that doxorubicin increased particularly the release of exosomes. Transfer experiments with isolated EVs demonstrated EV endocytosis by recipient cells. EV release from BMECs in response to anticancer drugs such as doxorubicin likely serves different functions, including non-genetic intercellular transfer of a resistance phenotype to neighboring BMECs and a mechanism of drug extrusion that contributes to brain protection against potentially toxic chemotherapeutic drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Felix Osten
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Pharmacy, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Löscher
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Pharmacy, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany; Center for Systems Neuroscience, Hannover, Germany; Translational Neuropharmacology Lab, NIFE, Department of Experimental Otology of the ENT Clinics, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Birthe Gericke
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Pharmacy, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany; Center for Systems Neuroscience, Hannover, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Veiga-Matos J, Morales AI, Prieto M, Remião F, Silva R. Study Models of Drug-Drug Interactions Involving P-Glycoprotein: The Potential Benefit of P-Glycoprotein Modulation at the Kidney and Intestinal Levels. Molecules 2023; 28:7532. [PMID: 38005253 PMCID: PMC10673607 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28227532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
P-glycoprotein (P-gp) is a crucial membrane transporter situated on the cell's apical surface, being responsible for eliminating xenobiotics and endobiotics. P-gp modulators are compounds that can directly or indirectly affect this protein, leading to changes in its expression and function. These modulators can act as inhibitors, inducers, or activators, potentially causing drug-drug interactions (DDIs). This comprehensive review explores diverse models and techniques used to assess drug-induced P-gp modulation. We cover several approaches, including in silico, in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo methods, with their respective strengths and limitations. Additionally, we explore the therapeutic implications of DDIs involving P-gp, with a special focus on the renal and intestinal elimination of P-gp substrates. This involves enhancing the removal of toxic substances from proximal tubular epithelial cells into the urine or increasing the transport of compounds from enterocytes into the intestinal lumen, thereby facilitating their excretion in the feces. A better understanding of these interactions, and of the distinct techniques applied for their study, will be of utmost importance for optimizing drug therapy, consequently minimizing drug-induced adverse and toxic effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jéssica Veiga-Matos
- UCIBIO-Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal;
- Associate Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Toxicology Unit (Universidad de Salamanca), Group of Translational Research on Renal and Cardiovascular Diseases (TRECARD), Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (A.I.M.); (M.P.)
| | - Ana I. Morales
- Toxicology Unit (Universidad de Salamanca), Group of Translational Research on Renal and Cardiovascular Diseases (TRECARD), Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (A.I.M.); (M.P.)
| | - Marta Prieto
- Toxicology Unit (Universidad de Salamanca), Group of Translational Research on Renal and Cardiovascular Diseases (TRECARD), Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (A.I.M.); (M.P.)
| | - Fernando Remião
- UCIBIO-Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal;
- Associate Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Renata Silva
- UCIBIO-Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal;
- Associate Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Wang Z, Sharda N, Omtri RS, Li L, Kandimalla KK. Amyloid-Beta Peptides 40 and 42 Employ Distinct Molecular Pathways for Cell Entry and Intracellular Transit at the Blood-Brain Barrier Endothelium. Mol Pharmacol 2023; 104:203-213. [PMID: 37541759 PMCID: PMC10586509 DOI: 10.1124/molpharm.123.000670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) plays a critical role in maintaining the equilibrium between amyloid beta (Aβ) levels in blood and the brain by regulating Aβ transport. Our previous publications demonstrated that BBB trafficking of Aβ42 and Aβ40 is distinct and is disrupted under various pathophysiological conditions. However, the intracellular mechanisms that allow BBB endothelium to differentially handle Aβ40 and Aβ42 have not been clearly elucidated. In this study, we identified mechanisms of Aβ endocytosis in polarized human cerebral microvascular endothelial cell monolayers. Our studies demonstrated that Aβ peptides with fluorescent label (F-Aβ) were internalized by BBB endothelial cells via energy, dynamin, and actin-dependent endocytosis. Interestingly, endocytosis of F-Aβ40 but not F-Aβ42 was substantially reduced by clathrin inhibition, whereas F-Aβ42 but not F-Aβ40 endocytosis was reduced by half after inhibiting the caveolae-mediated pathway. Following endocytosis, both isoforms were sorted by the endo-lysosomal system. Although Aβ42 was shown to accumulate more in the lysosomes, which could lead to its higher degradation and/or aggregation at lower lysosomal pH, Aβ40 demonstrated robust accumulation in recycling endosomes, which may facilitate its exocytosis by the endothelial cells. These results provide a mechanistic insight into the selective ability of BBB endothelium to transport Aβ40 versus Aβ42. This knowledge contributes to the understanding of molecular pathways underlying Aβ accumulation in the BBB endothelium and associated BBB dysfunction. Moreover, it allows us to establish mechanistic rationale for altered Aβ40:Aβ42 ratios and anomalous amyloid deposition in the cerebral vasculature as well as brain parenchyma during Alzheimer's disease progression. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Differential interaction of Aβ40 and Aβ42 isoforms with the blood-brain barrier (BBB) endothelium may contribute to perturbation in Aβ42:Aβ40 ratio, which is associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD) progression and severity. The current study identified distinct molecular pathways by which Aβ40 and Aβ42 are trafficked at the BBB, which regulates equilibrium between blood and brain Aβ levels. These findings provide molecular insights into mechanisms that engender BBB dysfunction and promote Aβ accumulation in AD brain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zengtao Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Brain Barriers Research Center, University of Minnesota, College of Pharmacy, Minneapolis, Minnesota (Z.W., N.S., R.S.O., K.K.K.); and Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, College of Pharmacy, Minneapolis, Minnesota (L.L.)
| | - Nidhi Sharda
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Brain Barriers Research Center, University of Minnesota, College of Pharmacy, Minneapolis, Minnesota (Z.W., N.S., R.S.O., K.K.K.); and Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, College of Pharmacy, Minneapolis, Minnesota (L.L.)
| | - Rajesh S Omtri
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Brain Barriers Research Center, University of Minnesota, College of Pharmacy, Minneapolis, Minnesota (Z.W., N.S., R.S.O., K.K.K.); and Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, College of Pharmacy, Minneapolis, Minnesota (L.L.)
| | - Ling Li
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Brain Barriers Research Center, University of Minnesota, College of Pharmacy, Minneapolis, Minnesota (Z.W., N.S., R.S.O., K.K.K.); and Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, College of Pharmacy, Minneapolis, Minnesota (L.L.)
| | - Karunya K Kandimalla
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Brain Barriers Research Center, University of Minnesota, College of Pharmacy, Minneapolis, Minnesota (Z.W., N.S., R.S.O., K.K.K.); and Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, College of Pharmacy, Minneapolis, Minnesota (L.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Canepa E, Parodi-Rullan R, Vazquez-Torres R, Gamallo-Lana B, Guzman-Hernandez R, Lemon NL, Angiulli F, Debure L, Ilies MA, Østergaard L, Wisniewski T, Gutiérrez-Jiménez E, Mar AC, Fossati S. FDA-approved carbonic anhydrase inhibitors reduce amyloid β pathology and improve cognition, by ameliorating cerebrovascular health and glial fitness. Alzheimers Dement 2023; 19:5048-5073. [PMID: 37186121 PMCID: PMC10600328 DOI: 10.1002/alz.13063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cerebrovascular pathology is an early and causal hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD), in need of effective therapies. METHODS Based on the success of our previous in vitro studies, we tested for the first time in a model of AD and cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA), the carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (CAIs) methazolamide and acetazolamide, Food and Drug Administration-approved against glaucoma and high-altitude sickness. RESULTS Both CAIs reduced cerebral, vascular, and glial amyloid beta (Aβ) accumulation and caspase activation, diminished gliosis, and ameliorated cognition in TgSwDI mice. The CAIs also improved microvascular fitness and induced protective glial pro-clearance pathways, resulting in the reduction of Aβ deposition. Notably, we unveiled that the mitochondrial carbonic anhydrase-VB (CA-VB) is upregulated in TgSwDI brains, CAA and AD+CAA human subjects, and in endothelial cells upon Aβ treatment. Strikingly, CA-VB silencing specifically reduces Aβ-mediated endothelial apoptosis. DISCUSSION This work substantiates the potential application of CAIs in clinical trials for AD and CAA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Canepa
- Alzheimer’s Center at Temple, Department of Neural Sciences, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | - Rebecca Parodi-Rullan
- Alzheimer’s Center at Temple, Department of Neural Sciences, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | - Rafael Vazquez-Torres
- Alzheimer’s Center at Temple, Department of Neural Sciences, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | - Begona Gamallo-Lana
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, Neuroscience Institute, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Roberto Guzman-Hernandez
- Alzheimer’s Center at Temple, Department of Neural Sciences, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | - Nicole L. Lemon
- Alzheimer’s Center at Temple, Department of Neural Sciences, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | - Federica Angiulli
- Alzheimer’s Center at Temple, Department of Neural Sciences, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | - Ludovic Debure
- Department on Neurology, Center for Cognitive Neurology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Marc A. Ilies
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Moulder Center for Drug Discovery Research, Temple University School of Pharmacy, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | - Leif Østergaard
- Center of Functionally Integrative Neuroscience (CFIN), Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Thomas Wisniewski
- Department on Neurology, Center for Cognitive Neurology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Eugenio Gutiérrez-Jiménez
- Center of Functionally Integrative Neuroscience (CFIN), Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Adam C. Mar
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, Neuroscience Institute, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Silvia Fossati
- Alzheimer’s Center at Temple, Department of Neural Sciences, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Boyanova ST, Lloyd-Morris E, Corpe C, Rahman KM, Farag DB, Page LK, Wang H, Fleckney AL, Gatt A, Troakes C, Vizcay-Barrena G, Fleck R, Reeves SJ, Thomas SA. Interaction of amisulpride with GLUT1 at the blood-brain barrier. Relevance to Alzheimer's disease. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0286278. [PMID: 37874822 PMCID: PMC10597500 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0286278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Blood-brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction may be involved in the increased sensitivity of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients to antipsychotics, including amisulpride. Studies indicate that antipsychotics interact with facilitated glucose transporters (GLUT), including GLUT1, and that GLUT1 BBB expression decreases in AD. We tested the hypotheses that amisulpride (charge: +1) interacts with GLUT1, and that BBB transport of amisulpride is compromised in AD. GLUT1 substrates, GLUT1 inhibitors and GLUT-interacting antipsychotics were identified by literature review and their physicochemical characteristics summarised. Interactions between amisulpride and GLUT1 were studied using in silico approaches and the human cerebral endothelial cell line, hCMEC/D3. Brain distribution of [3H]amisulpride was determined using in situ perfusion in wild type (WT) and 5xFamilial AD (5xFAD) mice. With transmission electron microscopy (TEM) we investigated brain capillary degeneration in WT mice, 5xFAD mice and human samples. Western blots determined BBB transporter expression in mouse and human. Literature review revealed that, although D-glucose has no charge, charged molecules can interact with GLUT1. GLUT1 substrates are smaller (184.95±6.45g/mol) than inhibitors (325.50±14.40g/mol) and GLUT-interacting antipsychotics (369.38±16.04). Molecular docking showed beta-D-glucose (free energy binding: -15.39kcal/mol) and amisulpride (-29.04kcal/mol) interact with GLUT1. Amisulpride did not affect [14C]D-glucose hCMEC/D3 accumulation. [3H]amisulpride uptake into the brain (except supernatant) of 5xFAD mice compared to WT remained unchanged. TEM revealed brain capillary degeneration in human AD. There was no difference in GLUT1 or P-glycoprotein BBB expression between WT and 5xFAD mice. In contrast, caudate P-glycoprotein, but not GLUT1, expression was decreased in human AD capillaries versus controls. This study provides new details about the BBB transport of amisulpride, evidence that amisulpride interacts with GLUT1 and that BBB transporter expression is altered in AD. This suggests that antipsychotics could potentially exacerbate the cerebral hypometabolism in AD. Further research into the mechanism of amisulpride transport by GLUT1 is important for improving antipsychotics safety.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sevda T. Boyanova
- King’s College London, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ethlyn Lloyd-Morris
- King’s College London, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, London, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher Corpe
- King’s College London, Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Life Course Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Doaa B. Farag
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr International University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Lee K. Page
- King’s College London, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, London, United Kingdom
| | - Hao Wang
- King’s College London, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alice L. Fleckney
- King’s College London, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ariana Gatt
- King’s College London, Wolfson Centre for Age Related Disease, London, United Kingdom
| | - Claire Troakes
- King’s College London, London Neurodegenerative Diseases Brain Bank, IoPPN, London, United Kingdom
| | - Gema Vizcay-Barrena
- King’s College London, Centre for Ultrastructural Imaging, London, United Kingdom
| | - Roland Fleck
- King’s College London, Centre for Ultrastructural Imaging, London, United Kingdom
| | - Suzanne J. Reeves
- Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah A. Thomas
- King’s College London, Department of Physiology, London, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Paone LS, Benmassaoud MM, Curran A, Vega SL, Galie PA. A 3D-printed blood-brain barrier model with tunable topology and cell-matrix interactions. Biofabrication 2023; 16:015005. [PMID: 37820611 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/ad0260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Recent developments in digital light processing (DLP) can advance the structural and biochemical complexity of perfusablein vitromodels of the blood-brain barrier. Here, we describe a strategy to functionalize complex, DLP-printed vascular models with multiple peptide motifs in a single hydrogel. Different peptides can be clicked into the walls of distinct topologies, or the peptide motifs lining channel walls can differ from those in the bulk of the hydrogel. The flexibility of this approach is used to both characterize the effects of various bioactive domains on endothelial coverage and tight junction formation, in addition to facilitating astrocyte attachment in the hydrogel surrounding the endothelialized vessel to mimic endothelial-astrocyte interaction. Peptides derived from proteins mediating cell-extracellular matrix (e.g. RGD and IKVAV) and cell-cell (e.g. HAVDI) adhesions are used to mediate endothelial cell attachment and coverage. HAVDI and IKVAV-lined channels exhibit significantly greater endothelialization and increased zonula-occluden-1 (ZO-1) localization to cell-cell junctions of endothelial cells, indicative of tight junction formation. RGD is then used in the bulk hydrogel to create an endothelial-astrocyte co-culture model of the blood-brain barrier that overcomes the limitations of previous platforms incapable of complex topology or tunable bioactive domains. This approach yields an adjustable, biofabricated platform to interrogate the effects of cell-matrix interaction on blood-brain barrier mechanobiology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Louis S Paone
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ, United States of America
| | | | - Aidan Curran
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ, United States of America
| | - Sebastián L Vega
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ, United States of America
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ, United States of America
| | - Peter A Galie
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|