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Kupor D, Felder ML, Kodikalla S, Chu X, Eniola-Adefeso O. Nanoparticle-neutrophils interactions for autoimmune regulation. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2024; 209:115316. [PMID: 38663550 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2024.115316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Neutrophils play an essential role as 'first responders' in the immune response, necessitating many immune-modulating capabilities. Chronic, unresolved inflammation is heavily implicated in the progression and tissue-degrading effects of autoimmune disease. Neutrophils modulate disease pathogenesis by interacting with the inflammatory and autoreactive cells through effector functions, including signaling, degranulation, and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) release. Since the current gold standard systemic glucocorticoid administration has many drawbacks and side effects, targeting neutrophils in autoimmunity provides a new approach to developing therapeutics. Nanoparticles enable targeting of specific cell types and controlled release of a loaded drug cargo. Thus, leveraging nanoparticle properties and interactions with neutrophils provides an exciting new direction toward novel therapies for autoimmune diseases. Additionally, recent work has utilized neutrophil properties to design novel targeted particles for delivery into previously inaccessible areas. Here, we outline nanoparticle-based strategies to modulate neutrophil activity in autoimmunity, including various nanoparticle formulations and neutrophil-derived targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Kupor
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Michael L Felder
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Shivanie Kodikalla
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Xueqi Chu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Omolola Eniola-Adefeso
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
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2
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Peternell A, Lechner C, Breu M, Preisel M, Schimmel M, Eisenkölbl A, Zobel J, Wendel EM, Reindl M, Rostásy K, Baumann M. Blood parameters in pediatric myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disorders. Eur J Paediatr Neurol 2024; 50:86-95. [PMID: 38705015 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpn.2024.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Patients with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disorders (MOGAD) clinically present e.g. with acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM), optic neuritis (ON), transverse myelitis (TM) or aquaporin-4-IgG (AQP4-IgG) negative neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD)-like phenotypes. We aimed to analyze and compare blood parameters in children with MOGAD, AQP4-IgG-positive NMOSD (hence NMOSD), multiple sclerosis (MS) and healthy controls (HC). METHODS We evaluated differences in complete blood counts (CBC), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR) and C-reactive protein (CRP) between these four groups and within the groups between clinical attack, acute treatment and remission. RESULTS Our cohort consisted of 174 children and adolescents with a total of 550 timepoints: 66 patients had MOGAD (202 timepoints), 11 NMOSD (76 timepoints), 58 MS (219 timepoints) and 39 were HC (53 timepoints). At clinical attack, leukocyte counts were elevated in MOGAD compared to remission (p < 0.001) and compared to all other groups (p < 0.001). NLR was high in MOGAD and NMOSD, and PLR was high in NMOSD, however, after correction for multiple testing these findings did not remain significant. While glucocorticoids caused an increase of leukocyte counts and NLR in NMOSD and MS, these values remained stable during acute treatment in MOGAD. In remission, NLR normalized in MOGAD, while it stayed high in NMOSD. PLR increased in NMOSD and was significantly higher compared to all other groups. DISCUSSION Some blood parameters, mainly leukocyte and differential counts, might help clinicians to evaluate disease activity, differentiate relapses from pseudo-relapses and even distinguish between different disease entities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina Peternell
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics I, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Christian Lechner
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics I, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Markus Breu
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Allergology and Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Martin Preisel
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Mareike Schimmel
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Children's Hospital, Medical University of Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Astrid Eisenkölbl
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Kepler University Hospital, Linz, Austria
| | - Joachim Zobel
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Eva-Maria Wendel
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Olgahospital Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Markus Reindl
- Clinical Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Kevin Rostásy
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Children's Hospital Datteln, University Witten/Herdecke, Datteln, Germany
| | - Matthias Baumann
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics I, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
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Tanaka H, Okada Y, Nakayamada S, Miyazaki Y, Sonehara K, Namba S, Honda S, Shirai Y, Yamamoto K, Kubo S, Ikari K, Harigai M, Sonomoto K, Tanaka Y. Extracting immunological and clinical heterogeneity across autoimmune rheumatic diseases by cohort-wide immunophenotyping. Ann Rheum Dis 2024; 83:242-252. [PMID: 37903543 PMCID: PMC10850648 DOI: 10.1136/ard-2023-224537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Extracting immunological and clinical heterogeneity across autoimmune rheumatic diseases (AIRDs) is essential towards personalised medicine. METHODS We conducted large-scale and cohort-wide immunophenotyping of 46 peripheral immune cells using Human Immunology Protocol of comprehensive 8-colour flow cytometric analysis. Dataset consisted of >1000 Japanese patients of 11 AIRDs with deep clinical information registered at the FLOW study, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). In-depth clinical and immunological characterisation was conducted for the identified RA patient clusters, including associations of inborn human genetics represented by Polygenic Risk Score (PRS). RESULTS Multimodal clustering of immunophenotypes deciphered underlying disease-cell type network in immune cell, disease and patient cluster resolutions. This provided immune cell type specificity shared or distinct across AIRDs, such as close immunological network between mixed connective tissue disease and SLE. Individual patient-level clustering dissected patients with AIRD into several clusters with different immunological features. Of these, RA-like or SLE-like clusters were exclusively dominant, showing immunological differentiation between RA and SLE across AIRDs. In-depth clinical analysis of RA revealed that such patient clusters differentially defined clinical heterogeneity in disease activity and treatment responses, such as treatment resistance in patients with RA with SLE-like immunophenotypes. PRS based on RA case-control and within-case stratified genome-wide association studies were associated with clinical and immunological characteristics. This pointed immune cell type implicated in disease biology such as dendritic cells for RA-interstitial lung disease. CONCLUSION Cohort-wide and cross-disease immunophenotyping elucidate clinically heterogeneous patient subtypes existing within single disease in immune cell type-specific manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Tanaka
- First Department of Internal Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan
- Department of Statistical Genetics, Osaka University School of Medicine Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yukinori Okada
- Department of Statistical Genetics, Osaka University School of Medicine Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Genome Informatics, Graduate School of Medicine, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Laboratory for Systems Genetics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
- Laboratory of Statistical Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Center (WPI-IFReC), Osaka University, Suita, Japan
- Premium Research Institute for Human Metaverse Medicine (WPI-PRIMe), Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Shingo Nakayamada
- First Department of Internal Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yusuke Miyazaki
- First Department of Internal Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kyuto Sonehara
- Department of Statistical Genetics, Osaka University School of Medicine Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Genome Informatics, Graduate School of Medicine, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Laboratory for Systems Genetics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Shinichi Namba
- Department of Statistical Genetics, Osaka University School of Medicine Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Suguru Honda
- Department of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuya Shirai
- Department of Statistical Genetics, Osaka University School of Medicine Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Laboratory of Statistical Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Center (WPI-IFReC), Osaka University, Suita, Japan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Kenichi Yamamoto
- Department of Statistical Genetics, Osaka University School of Medicine Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Laboratory of Children's health and Genetics, Division of Health Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Satoshi Kubo
- First Department of Internal Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Katsunori Ikari
- Department of Orthopedics, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Harigai
- Department of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koshiro Sonomoto
- First Department of Internal Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan
- Department of Clinical Nursing, School of Health Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Yoshiya Tanaka
- First Department of Internal Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan
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Li Y, Wu Y, Huang J, Cao X, An Q, Peng Y, Zhao Y, Luo Y. A variety of death modes of neutrophils and their role in the etiology of autoimmune diseases. Immunol Rev 2024; 321:280-299. [PMID: 37850797 DOI: 10.1111/imr.13284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
Neutrophils are important in the context of innate immunity and actively contribute to the progression of diverse autoimmune disorders. Distinct death mechanisms of neutrophils may exhibit specific and pivotal roles in autoimmune diseases and disease pathogenesis through the orchestration of immune homeostasis, the facilitation of autoantibody production, the induction of tissue and organ damage, and the incitement of pathological alterations. In recent years, more studies have provided in-depth examination of various neutrophil death modes, revealing nuances that challenge conventional understanding and underscoring their potential clinical utility in diagnosis and treatment. This review explores the multifaceted processes and characteristics of neutrophil death, with a focus on tailored investigations within various autoimmune diseases. It also highlights the potential interplay between neutrophil death and the landscape of autoimmune disorders. The review encapsulates the pertinent pathways implicated in various neutrophil death mechanisms across diverse autoimmune diseases while also charts possible avenues for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhong Li
- Department of Rheumatology & Immunology, Laboratory of Rheumatology and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yinlan Wu
- Department of Rheumatology & Immunology, Laboratory of Rheumatology and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jingang Huang
- Medical Research Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for RNA Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xue Cao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Qiyuan An
- School of Inspection and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yun Peng
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, School of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Yi Zhao
- Department of Rheumatology & Immunology, Laboratory of Rheumatology and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yubin Luo
- Department of Rheumatology & Immunology, Laboratory of Rheumatology and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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5
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Shafqat A, Khan JA, Alkachem AY, Sabur H, Alkattan K, Yaqinuddin A, Sing GK. How Neutrophils Shape the Immune Response: Reassessing Their Multifaceted Role in Health and Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17583. [PMID: 38139412 PMCID: PMC10744338 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils are the most abundant of the circulating immune cells and are the first to be recruited to sites of inflammation. Neutrophils are a heterogeneous group of immune cells from which are derived extracellular traps (NETs), reactive oxygen species, cytokines, chemokines, immunomodulatory factors, and alarmins that regulate the recruitment and phenotypes of neutrophils, macrophages, dendritic cells, T cells, and B cells. In addition, cytokine-stimulated neutrophils can express class II major histocompatibility complex and the internal machinery necessary for successful antigen presentation to memory CD4+ T cells. This may be relevant in the context of vaccine memory. Neutrophils thus emerge as orchestrators of immune responses that play a key role in determining the outcome of infections, vaccine efficacy, and chronic diseases like autoimmunity and cancer. This review aims to provide a synthesis of current evidence as regards the role of these functions of neutrophils in homeostasis and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Areez Shafqat
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia (K.A.); (A.Y.); (G.K.S.)
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6
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Deprez J, Verbeke R, Meulewaeter S, Aernout I, Dewitte H, Decruy T, Coudenys J, Van Duyse J, Van Isterdael G, Peer D, van der Meel R, De Smedt SC, Jacques P, Elewaut D, Lentacker I. Transport by circulating myeloid cells drives liposomal accumulation in inflamed synovium. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 18:1341-1350. [PMID: 37430039 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-023-01444-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
The therapeutic potential of liposomes to deliver drugs into inflamed tissue is well documented. Liposomes are believed to largely transport drugs into inflamed joints by selective extravasation through endothelial gaps at the inflammatory sites, known as the enhanced permeation and retention effect. However, the potential of blood-circulating myeloid cells for the uptake and delivery of liposomes has been largely overlooked. Here we show that myeloid cells can transport liposomes to inflammatory sites in a collagen-induced arthritis model. It is shown that the selective depletion of the circulating myeloid cells reduces the accumulation of liposomes up to 50-60%, suggesting that myeloid-cell-mediated transport accounts for more than half of liposomal accumulation in inflamed regions. Although it is widely believed that PEGylation inhibits premature liposome clearance by the mononuclear phagocytic system, our data show that the long blood circulation times of PEGylated liposomes rather favours uptake by myeloid cells. This challenges the prevailing theory that synovial liposomal accumulation is primarily due to the enhanced permeation and retention effect and highlights the potential for other pathways of delivery in inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joke Deprez
- Laboratory of General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, Ghent Research Group on Nanomedicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
- Unit Molecular Immunology and Inflammation, VIB Centre for Inflammation Research, Ghent University and Department of Rheumatology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Rein Verbeke
- Laboratory of General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, Ghent Research Group on Nanomedicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sofie Meulewaeter
- Laboratory of General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, Ghent Research Group on Nanomedicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ilke Aernout
- Laboratory of General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, Ghent Research Group on Nanomedicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
| | - Heleen Dewitte
- Laboratory of General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, Ghent Research Group on Nanomedicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
| | - Tine Decruy
- Unit Molecular Immunology and Inflammation, VIB Centre for Inflammation Research, Ghent University and Department of Rheumatology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Julie Coudenys
- Unit Molecular Immunology and Inflammation, VIB Centre for Inflammation Research, Ghent University and Department of Rheumatology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Julie Van Duyse
- VIB Flow Core, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Gert Van Isterdael
- VIB Flow Core, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Dan Peer
- Laboratory of Precision Nanomedicine, Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Department of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Iby and Aladar Fleischman Faculty of Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Roy van der Meel
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Stefaan C De Smedt
- Laboratory of General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, Ghent Research Group on Nanomedicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
| | - Peggy Jacques
- Unit Molecular Immunology and Inflammation, VIB Centre for Inflammation Research, Ghent University and Department of Rheumatology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Dirk Elewaut
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium.
- Unit Molecular Immunology and Inflammation, VIB Centre for Inflammation Research, Ghent University and Department of Rheumatology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Ine Lentacker
- Laboratory of General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, Ghent Research Group on Nanomedicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium.
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7
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Huang H, Zhang Y, Gui L, Zhang L, Cai M, Sheng Y. Proteomic analyses reveal cystatin c is a promising biomarker for evaluation of systemic lupus erythematosus. Clin Proteomics 2023; 20:43. [PMID: 37853350 PMCID: PMC10583312 DOI: 10.1186/s12014-023-09434-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease with multiple organ involvement, especially the kidneys. However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear, and accurate biomarkers are still lacking. This study aimed to identify biomarkers to assess organ damage and disease activity in patients with SLE using quantitative proteomics. METHODS Proteomic analysis was performed using mass spectrometry in 15 patients with SLE and 15 age-matched healthy controls. Proteomic profiles were compared in four main subtypes: SLE with proteinuria (SLE-PN), SLE without proteinuria (SLE-non-PN), SLE with anti-dsDNA positivity (SLE-DP), and SLE with anti-dsDNA negativity (SLE-non-DP). Gene ontology biological process analysis revealed differentially expressed protein networks. Cystatin C (CysC) levels were measured in 200 patients with SLE using an immunoturbidimetric assay. Clinical and laboratory data were collected to assess their correlation with serum CysC levels. RESULTS Proteomic analysis showed that upregulated proteins in both the SLE-PN and SLE-DP groups were mainly mapped to neutrophil activation networks. Moreover, CysC from neutrophil activation networks was upregulated in both the SLE-PN and SLE-DP groups. The associations of serum CysC level with proteinuria, anti-dsDNA positivity, lower complement C3 levels, and SLE disease activity index score in patients with SLE were further validated in a large independent cohort. CONCLUSIONS Neutrophil activation is more prominent in SLE with proteinuria and anti-dsDNA positivity, and CysC is a promising marker for monitoring organ damage and disease activity in SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Huang
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yukun Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Lan Gui
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Minglong Cai
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China.
| | - Yujun Sheng
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.
- Department of Dermatology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China.
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8
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Parackova Z, Vrabcova P, Zentsova I, Sediva A, Bloomfield M. Neutrophils in STAT1 Gain-Of-Function Have a Pro-inflammatory Signature Which Is Not Rescued by JAK Inhibition. J Clin Immunol 2023; 43:1640-1659. [PMID: 37358695 PMCID: PMC10499747 DOI: 10.1007/s10875-023-01528-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
STAT1 gain-of-function (GOF) mutations cause an inborn error of immunity with diverse phenotype ranging from chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis (CMC) to various non-infectious manifestations, the most precarious of which are autoimmunity and vascular complications. The pathogenesis centers around Th17 failure but is far from being understood. We hypothesized that neutrophils, whose functions have not been explored in the context of STAT1 GOF CMC yet, might be involved in the associated immunodysregulatory and vascular pathology. In a cohort of ten patients, we demonstrate that STAT1 GOF human ex-vivo peripheral blood neutrophils are immature and highly activated; have strong propensity for degranulation, NETosis, and platelet-neutrophil aggregation; and display marked inflammatory bias. STAT1 GOF neutrophils exhibit increased basal STAT1 phosphorylation and expression of IFN stimulated genes, but contrary to other immune cells, STAT1 GOF neutrophils do not display hyperphosphorylation of STAT1 molecule upon stimulation with IFNs. The patient treatment with JAKinib ruxolitinib does not ameliorate the observed neutrophil aberrations. To our knowledge, this is the first work describing features of peripheral neutrophils in STAT1 GOF CMC. The presented data suggest that neutrophils may contribute to the immune pathophysiology of the STAT1 GOF CMC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzana Parackova
- Department of Immunology, 2nd Faculty of Medicine Charles University, University Hospital in Motol, V Uvalu 84, 515006, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Petra Vrabcova
- Department of Immunology, 2nd Faculty of Medicine Charles University, University Hospital in Motol, V Uvalu 84, 515006, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Irena Zentsova
- Department of Immunology, 2nd Faculty of Medicine Charles University, University Hospital in Motol, V Uvalu 84, 515006, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Anna Sediva
- Department of Immunology, 2nd Faculty of Medicine Charles University, University Hospital in Motol, V Uvalu 84, 515006, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Marketa Bloomfield
- Department of Immunology, 2nd Faculty of Medicine Charles University, University Hospital in Motol, V Uvalu 84, 515006, Prague, Czech Republic
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9
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Kawahara R, Ugonotti J, Chatterjee S, Tjondro HC, Loke I, Parker BL, Venkatakrishnan V, Dieckmann R, Sumer-Bayraktar Z, Karlsson-Bengtsson A, Bylund J, Thaysen-Andersen M. Glycoproteome remodeling and organelle-specific N-glycosylation accompany neutrophil granulopoiesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2303867120. [PMID: 37639587 PMCID: PMC10483621 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2303867120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils store microbicidal glycoproteins in cytosolic granules to fight intruding pathogens, but their granule distribution and formation mechanism(s) during granulopoiesis remain unmapped. Herein, we comprehensively profile the neutrophil N-glycoproteome with spatiotemporal resolution by analyzing four key types of intracellular organelles isolated from blood-derived neutrophils and during their maturation from bone marrow-derived progenitors using a glycomics-guided glycoproteomics approach. Interestingly, the organelles of resting neutrophils exhibited distinctive glycophenotypes including, most strikingly, highly truncated N-glycans low in α2,6-sialylation and Lewis fucosylation decorating a diverse set of microbicidal proteins (e.g., myeloperoxidase, azurocidin, neutrophil elastase) in the azurophilic granules. Excitingly, proteomics and transcriptomics data from discrete myeloid progenitor stages revealed that profound glycoproteome remodeling underpins the promyelocytic-to-metamyelocyte transition and that the glycophenotypic differences are driven primarily by dynamic changes in protein expression and less by changes within the glycosylation machinery. Notable exceptions were the oligosaccharyltransferase subunits responsible for initiation of N-glycoprotein biosynthesis that were strongly expressed in early myeloid progenitors correlating with relatively high levels of glycosylation of the microbicidal proteins in the azurophilic granules. Our study provides spatiotemporal insights into the complex neutrophil N-glycoproteome featuring intriguing organelle-specific N-glycosylation patterns formed by dynamic glycoproteome remodeling during the early maturation stages of the myeloid progenitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebeca Kawahara
- School of Natural Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW2109, Australia
- Institute for Glyco-core Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya464-8601, Japan
| | - Julian Ugonotti
- School of Natural Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW2109, Australia
| | | | - Harry C. Tjondro
- School of Natural Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW2109, Australia
| | - Ian Loke
- Cordlife Group Limited, Singapore768160, Singapore
| | - Benjamin L. Parker
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC3010, Australia
| | - Vignesh Venkatakrishnan
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg41390, Sweden
- Department of Life Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg41296, Sweden
| | - Regis Dieckmann
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg41390, Sweden
| | | | - Anna Karlsson-Bengtsson
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg41390, Sweden
- Department of Life Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg41296, Sweden
| | - Johan Bylund
- Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Odontology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg41390, Sweden
| | - Morten Thaysen-Andersen
- School of Natural Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW2109, Australia
- Institute for Glyco-core Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya464-8601, Japan
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10
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Di Raimondo C, Lombardo P, Tesei C, Esposito F, Meconi F, Secchi R, Lozzi F, Monopoli A, Narducci MG, Scala E, Angeloni C, De Stefano A, Rahimi S, Bianchi L, Cantonetti M. Role of Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) in Patients with Mycosis Fungoides. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:diagnostics13111979. [PMID: 37296831 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13111979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) at baseline has been demonstrated to correlate with higher stages of disease and to be a prognostic factor in numerous cancers. However, its function as a prognostic factor for mycosis fungoides (MF) has not been yet clarified. OBJECTIVE Our work aimed to assess the association of the NLR with different stages of MF and to outline whether higher values of this marker are related to a more aggressive MF. METHODS We retrospectively calculated the NLRs in 302 MF patients at the moment of diagnosis. The NLR was obtained using the complete blood count values. RESULTS The median NLR among patients with early stage disease (low-grade IA-IB-IIA) was 1.88, while the median NLR for patients with high-grade MF (IIB-IIIA-IIIB) was 2.64. Statistical analysis showed positive associations of advanced MF stages with NLRs higher than 2.3. CONCLUSIONS Our analysis demonstrates that the NLR represents a cheap and easily available parameter functioning as a marker for advanced MF. This might guide physicians in recognizing patients with advanced stages of disease requiring a strict follow-up or an early treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cosimo Di Raimondo
- Department of Dermatology, University of Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Lombardo
- Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata, IDI-IRCCS, 00167 Rome, Italy
| | - Cristiano Tesei
- Department of Hematology, University of Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Fabiana Esposito
- Department of Hematology, University of Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Federico Meconi
- Department of Hematology, University of Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Secchi
- Department of Hematology, University of Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Flavia Lozzi
- Department of Dermatology, University of Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - Enrico Scala
- Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata, IDI-IRCCS, 00167 Rome, Italy
| | - Cecilia Angeloni
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Interventional Radiology, University of Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Alberto De Stefano
- Volunteers Association of Fondazione Policlinico "Tor Vergata", 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Siavash Rahimi
- Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata, IDI-IRCCS, 00167 Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Bianchi
- Department of Dermatology, University of Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Cantonetti
- Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata, IDI-IRCCS, 00167 Rome, Italy
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11
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Biswas S, Sarojini S, Jayaram S, Philip I, Umesh M, Mascarenhas R, Pappuswamy M, Balasubramanian B, Arokiyaraj S. Understanding the Role of Antimicrobial Peptides in Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Promoting Autoimmune Disorders. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1307. [PMID: 37374090 DOI: 10.3390/life13061307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
AMPs are small oligopeptides acting as integral elements of the innate immune system and are of tremendous potential in the medical field owing to their antimicrobial and immunomodulatory activities. They offer a multitude of immunomodulatory properties such as immune cell differentiation, inflammatory responses, cytokine production, and chemoattraction. Aberrancy in neutrophil or epithelial cell-producing AMPs leads to inflammation culminating in various autoimmune responses. In this review, we have tried to explore the role of prominent mammalian AMPs-defensins and cathelicidins, as immune regulators with special emphasis on their role in neutrophil extracellular traps which promotes autoimmune disorders. When complexed with self-DNA or self-RNA, AMPs act as autoantigens which activate plasmacytoid dendritic cells and myeloid dendritic cells leading to the production of interferons and cytokines. These trigger a series of self-directed inflammatory reactions, leading to the emergence of diverse autoimmune disorders. Since AMPs show both anti- and pro-inflammatory abilities in different ADs, there is a dire need for a complete understanding of their role before developing AMP-based therapy for autoimmune disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soma Biswas
- Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru 560029, India
| | - Suma Sarojini
- Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru 560029, India
| | - Saranya Jayaram
- Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru 560029, India
| | - Indhu Philip
- Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru 560029, India
| | - Mridul Umesh
- Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru 560029, India
| | - Roseanne Mascarenhas
- Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru 560029, India
| | - Manikantan Pappuswamy
- Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru 560029, India
| | | | - Selvaraj Arokiyaraj
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
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12
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Yuksel N, Saritas O, Yuksel E. Effect of thyroid hormone status on complete blood cell count-derived inflammatory biomarkers in patients with moderate-to-severe Graves' ophthalmopathy. Int Ophthalmol 2023:10.1007/s10792-023-02742-x. [PMID: 37209204 DOI: 10.1007/s10792-023-02742-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the systemic inflammation in moderate-to-severe Graves' ophthalmopathy patients with abnormal thyroid function by using complete blood cell count-derived inflammatory biomarkers and compare to moderate-to-severe GO patients with regulated thyroid function and healthy controls. The second aim is to evaluate the relationship of complete blood cell count-derived inflammatory biomarkers with clinical findings in moderate-to-severe GO. METHODS In this retrospective study, 90 GO patients with abnormal thyroid function composed Group 1, 58 patients who had normal thyroid function for at least 3 months composed Group 2, and 50 healthy individuals composed Group 3. Demographic data, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), mean platelet volume (MPV), and systemic immune-inflammatory index (SII) were evaluated. RESULTS There was no statistically significant difference between groups in terms of age, sex, and smoking habits (p > 0.05). There was a statistically significant difference in NLR (p = 0.011), MLR (p = 0.013), MPV (p < 0.001), and SII (p < 0.001) values among 3 groups. For NLR, MLR, and SII the highest values were detected in Group 1. MPV levels were higher in Group 3 than Groups 1 and 2 (p < 0.001). None of the hematological parameters were found to be a risk factor for any clinical severity findings of GO. CONCLUSION The higher levels of NLR, MLR, and SII levels may show systemic inflammation in GO patients with abnormal thyroid function, and this may have an impact on the clinical course of ophthalmopathy. These findings may suggest that cautious control of thyroid hormone levels is important in the management of GO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilay Yuksel
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ophthalmic Plastic Surgery Service, Ankara Bilkent City Hospital, Universiteler Mah 1604. Cadde No:9 Bilkent, Çankaya, 06800, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Ozge Saritas
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ankara Bilkent City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Erdem Yuksel
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty, Kastamonu University, Kastamonu, Turkey
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13
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Tyagi N, Mehla K, Gupta D. Deciphering novel common gene signatures for rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus by integrative analysis of transcriptomic profiles. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0281637. [PMID: 36928613 PMCID: PMC10019710 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0281637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) are the two highly prevalent debilitating and sometimes life-threatening systemic inflammatory autoimmune diseases. The etiology and pathogenesis of RA and SLE are interconnected in several ways, with limited knowledge about the underlying molecular mechanisms. With the motivation to better understand shared biological mechanisms and determine novel therapeutic targets, we explored common molecular disease signatures by performing a meta-analysis of publicly available microarray gene expression datasets of RA and SLE. We performed an integrated, multi-cohort analysis of 1088 transcriptomic profiles from 14 independent studies to identify common gene signatures. We identified sixty-two genes common among RA and SLE, out of which fifty-nine genes (21 upregulated and 38 downregulated) had similar expression profiles in the diseases. However, antagonistic expression profiles were observed for ACVR2A, FAM135A, and MAPRE1 genes. Thirty genes common between RA and SLE were proposed as robust gene signatures, with persistent expression in all the studies and cell types. These gene signatures were found to be involved in innate as well as adaptive immune responses, bone development and growth. In conclusion, our analysis of multicohort and multiple microarray datasets would provide the basis for understanding the common mechanisms of pathogenesis and exploring these gene signatures for their diagnostic and therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neetu Tyagi
- Translational Bioinformatics Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), New Delhi, India
- Regional Centre for Biotechnology, Faridabad, India
| | - Kusum Mehla
- Translational Bioinformatics Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), New Delhi, India
| | - Dinesh Gupta
- Translational Bioinformatics Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), New Delhi, India
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14
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Bhargava R, Li H, Tsokos GC. Pathogenesis of lupus nephritis: the contribution of immune and kidney resident cells. Curr Opin Rheumatol 2023; 35:107-116. [PMID: 35797522 DOI: 10.1097/bor.0000000000000887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Lupus nephritis is associated with significant mortality and morbidity. We lack effective therapeutics and biomarkers mostly because of our limited understanding of its complex pathogenesis. We aim to present an overview of the recent advances in the field to gain a deeper understanding of the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in lupus nephritis pathogenesis. RECENT FINDINGS Recent studies have identified distinct roles for each resident kidney cell in the pathogenesis of lupus nephritis. Podocytes share many elements of innate and adaptive immune cells and they can present antigens and participate in the formation of crescents in coordination with parietal epithelial cells. Mesangial cells produce pro-inflammatory cytokines and secrete extracellular matrix contributing to glomerular fibrosis. Tubular epithelial cells modulate the milieu of the interstitium to promote T cell infiltration and formation of tertiary lymphoid organs. Modulation of specific genes in kidney resident cells can ward off the effectors of the autoimmune response including autoantibodies, cytokines and immune cells. SUMMARY The development of lupus nephritis is multifactorial involving genetic susceptibility, environmental triggers and systemic inflammation. However, the role of resident kidney cells in the development of lupus nephritis is becoming more defined and distinct. More recent studies point to the restoration of kidney resident cell function using cell targeted approaches to prevent and treat lupus nephritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rhea Bhargava
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard, Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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15
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Choe JY, Lee CU, Kim SK. Association between Novel Hematological Indices and Measures of Disease Activity in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:medicina59010117. [PMID: 36676741 PMCID: PMC9862645 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59010117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Hematological indices have been known to be available markers used for evaluating disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). This study serves to verify the association between four different hematological indices and disease activity measures in patients with RA. Materials and Methods: The study included 257 female RA patients and 71 age-matched female controls. Four hematological indices, namely systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), neutrophil-to-hemoglobin and lymphocyte (NHL) score, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), were evaluated. Composite measures of RA included Disease Activity Score 28 joints (DAS28), the simplified disease activity index (SDAI), and the clinical disease activity index (CDAI). Results: Patients with RA showed statistically higher SII, NHL score, NLR, and PLR compared with controls. SII and NHL score were significantly associated with DAS28 erythrocyte sedimentation rate (DAS28-ESR), DAS28 C-reactive protein (DAS28-CRP), CDAI, and SDAI, whereas NLR was related to DAS28-CRP, CDAI, and SDAI. SII, NHL score, and NLR tended to increase as disease activity based on DAS28-ESR, DAS28-CRP, and CDAI worsened. In the analysis using receiver operating characteristic curve of hematological indices for diagnostic accuracy, the area under the curve was 0.703 (95% confidence interval, CI 0.637−0.769, p < 0.001) for SII and 0.705 (95% CI 0.639−0.770, p < 0.001) for NHL score, which showed acceptable potential for the diagnosis of RA. Four hematological indices showed weak potential for the detection of remission. Conclusions: The present study results showed that SII and NHL scores might be useful markers that adequately reflect disease activity and lead to more accurate diagnosis in RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Yoon Choe
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu School of Medicine, Daegu 42472, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Uk Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kwak’s Hospital, Daegu 41919, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Kyu Kim
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu School of Medicine, Daegu 42472, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-53-650-3465; Fax: +82-53-629-8248
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16
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Pediatric systemic lupus erythematosus: phagocytic defect and oxidase activity of neutrophils. Pediatr Res 2022; 92:1535-1542. [PMID: 35414669 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-022-02055-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are limited data on neutrophil function in pediatric-onset systemic lupus erythematosus (pSLE) patients. This study aimed to evaluate phagocytosis and oxidase activity of neutrophils in patients with pSLE. PATIENTS AND METHODS Eighty-seven patients with pSLE and 44 controls were enrolled. Phagocytic activity was assayed using pHrodoTMRed E. coli BioParticles Phagocytosis Kit by flow cytometry. Determination of NADPH oxidase activity was carried out by Dihyrdrorhodamine-123 (DHR-123) flow cytometry assay. RESULTS Phagocytic activity of patients' neutrophils (mean 76.59%) was lower than that in controls (91.30%) (p < 0.001). Median delta median fluorescence intensity (ΔMFI) and stimulation index (SI) in patients (ΔMFI: 0.09; SI: 2.79) were also decreased compared to controls (ΔMFI: 0.18; SI: 5.00) (p < 0.002; p < 0.001 respectively). Disease activity showed an inverse correlation with phagocytic activity. Oxidase activity was also significantly low (SI DHR < 40) in 16% of patients. No significant correlation was found between oxidative burst and disease activity. CONCLUSION Neutrophil function is impaired in patients with pSLE, as evidenced by the markedly reduced phagocytic activity. Phagocytic activity is also inversely correlated with disease activity. The oxidative activity was also reduced but not significantly. IMPACT Neutrophil phagocytic function is impaired in pediatric-onset systemic lupus erythematosus (pSLE). There is an inverse correlation between disease activity in pSLE and phagocytic activity. NADPH oxidase activity in patients with pSLE did not show significant correlation with disease activity.
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17
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Skinner DD, Syage AR, Olivarria GM, Stone C, Hoglin B, Lane TE. Sustained Infiltration of Neutrophils Into the CNS Results in Increased Demyelination in a Viral-Induced Model of Multiple Sclerosis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:931388. [PMID: 36248905 PMCID: PMC9562915 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.931388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Intracranial inoculation of the neuroadapted JHM strain of mouse hepatitis virus (JHMV) into susceptible strains of mice results in acute encephalomyelitis followed by a cimmune-mediated demyelination similar to the human demyelinating disease multiple sclerosis (MS). JHMV infection of transgenic mice in which expression of the neutrophil chemoattractant chemokine CXCL1 is under the control of a tetracycline-inducible promoter active within GFAP-positive cells results in sustained neutrophil infiltration in the central nervous system (CNS) that correlates with an increase in spinal cord demyelination. We used single cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) and flow cytometry to characterize molecular and cellular changes within the CNS associated with increased demyelination in transgenic mice compared to control animals. These approaches revealed the presence of activated neutrophils as determined by expression of mRNA transcripts associated with neutrophil effector functions, including CD63, MMP9, S100a8, S100a9, and ASPRV1, as well as altered neutrophil morphology and protein expression. Collectively, these findings reveal insight into changes in the profile of neutrophils associated with increased white matter damage in mice persistently infected with a neurotropic coronavirus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominic D. Skinner
- Department of Pathology, Division of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
| | - Amber R. Syage
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, School of Biological Sciences, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Gema M. Olivarria
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, School of Biological Sciences, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Colleen Stone
- Department of Pathology, Division of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
| | - Bailey Hoglin
- Department of Pathology, Division of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
| | - Thomas E. Lane
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, School of Biological Sciences, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States,Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, School of Biological Sciences, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States,Center for Virus Research, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States,*Correspondence: Thomas E. Lane,
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18
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van der Vegt SA, Wang YJ, Polonchuk L, Wang K, Waters SL, Baker RE. A model-informed approach to assess the risk of immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced autoimmune myocarditis. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:966180. [PMID: 36249751 PMCID: PMC9555336 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.966180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), as a novel immunotherapy, are designed to modulate the immune system to attack malignancies. Despite their promising benefits, immune-related adverse events (IRAEs) may occur, and incidences are bound to increase with surging demand of this class of drugs in treating cancer. Myocarditis, although rare compared to other IRAEs, has a significantly higher fatal frequency. Due to the overwhelming complexity of the immune system, this condition is not well understood, despite the significant research efforts devoted to it. To better understand the development and progression of autoimmune myocarditis and the roles of ICIs therein, we suggest a new approach: mathematical modelling. Mathematical modelling of myocarditis has enormous potential to determine which parts of the immune system are critical to the development and progression of the disease, and therefore warrant further investigation. We provide the immunological background needed to develop a mathematical model of this disease and review relevant existing models of immunology that serve as the mathematical inspiration needed to develop this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solveig A. van der Vegt
- Wolfson Centre for Mathematical Biology, Mathematical Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Solveig A. van der Vegt,
| | - Ying-Jie Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, Wellcome Centre of Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Liudmila Polonchuk
- Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ken Wang
- Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sarah L. Waters
- Oxford Centre for Industrial and Applied Mathematics, Mathematical Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Ruth E. Baker
- Wolfson Centre for Mathematical Biology, Mathematical Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review of the Association between a Hypoactive NCF1 Variant and Various Autoimmune Diseases. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11081589. [PMID: 36009308 PMCID: PMC9404811 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11081589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic association studies have discovered the GTF2I-NCF1 intergenic region as a strong susceptibility locus for multiple autoimmune disorders, with the missense mutation NCF1 rs201802880 as the causal polymorphism. In this work, we aimed to perform a comprehensive meta-analysis of the association of the GTF2I-NCF1 locus with various autoimmune diseases and to provide a systemic review on potential mechanisms underlying the effect of the causal NCF1 risk variants. The frequencies of the two most extensively investigated polymorphisms within the locus, GTF2I rs117026326 and NCF1 rs201802880, vary remarkably across the world, with the highest frequencies in East Asian populations. Meta-analysis showed that the GTF2I-NCF1 locus is significantly associated with primary Sjögren’s syndrome, systemic lupus erythematosus, systemic sclerosis, and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder. The causal NCF1 rs201802880 polymorphism leads to an amino acid substitution of p.Arg90His in the p47phox subunit of the phagocyte NADPH oxidase. The autoimmune disease risk His90 variant results in a reduced ROS production in phagocytes. Clinical and experimental evidence shows that the hypoactive His90 variant might contribute to the development of autoimmune disorders via multiple mechanisms, including impairing the clearance of apoptotic cells, regulating the mitochondria ROS-associated formation of neutrophil extracellular traps, promoting the activation and differentiation of autoreactive T cells, and enhancing type I IFN responses. In conclusion, the identification of the association of NCF1 with autoimmune disorders demonstrates that ROS is an essential regulator of immune tolerance and autoimmunity mediated disease manifestations.
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20
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Sim TM, Mak A, Tay SH. Insights into the role of neutrophils in neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus: Current understanding and future directions. Front Immunol 2022; 13:957303. [PMID: 36016935 PMCID: PMC9396336 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.957303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Central nervous system (CNS) involvement of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), termed neuropsychiatric SLE (NPSLE), is a major and debilitating manifestation of the disease. While patients with SLE mostly complain of common neuropsychological symptoms such headache and mild mood disorders that may not even be technically attributed to SLE, many SLE patients present with life-threatening NPSLE syndromes such as cerebrovascular disease, seizures and psychosis that are equally challenging in terms of early diagnosis and therapy. While we are just beginning to unravel some mysteries behind the immunologic basis of NPSLE, advancements in the mechanistic understanding of the complex pathogenic processes of NPSLE have been emerging through recent murine and human studies. The pathogenic pathways implicated in NPSLE are multifarious and various immune effectors such as cell-mediated inflammation, autoantibodies and cytokines including type I interferons have been found to act in concert with the disruption of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and other neurovascular interfaces. Beyond antimicrobial functions, neutrophils are emerging as decision-shapers during innate and adaptive immune responses. Activated neutrophils have been recognized to be involved in ischemic and infective processes in the CNS by releasing neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), matrix metalloproteinase-9 and proinflammatory cytokines. In the context of NPSLE, these mechanisms contribute to BBB disruption, neuroinflammation and externalization of modified proteins on NETs that serve as autoantigens. Neutrophils that sediment within the peripheral blood mononuclear cell fraction after density centrifugation of blood are generally defined as low-density neutrophils (LDNs) or low-density granulocytes. LDNs are a proinflammatory subset of neutrophils that are increased with SLE disease activity and are primed to undergo NETosis and release cytokines such as interferon-α and tumor necrosis factor. This review discusses the immunopathogenesis of NPSLE with a focus on neutrophils as a core mediator of the disease and potential target for translational research in NPSLE.
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Thalla DG, Rajwar AC, Laurent AM, Becher JE, Kainka L, Lautenschläger F. Extracellular vimentin is expressed at the rear of activated macrophage-like cells: Potential role in enhancement of migration and phagocytosis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:891281. [PMID: 35923851 PMCID: PMC9340215 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.891281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages have a vital role in the immune system through elimination of cell debris and microorganisms by phagocytosis. The activation of macrophages by tumour necrosis factor-α induces expression of extracellular cell-surface vimentin and promotes release of this vimentin into the extracellular environment. Vimentin is a cytoskeletal protein that is primarily located in the cytoplasm of cells. However, under circumstances like injury, stress, senescence and activation, vimentin can be expressed on the extracellular cell surface, or it can be released into the extracellular space. The characteristics of this extracellular vimentin, and its implications for the functional role of macrophages and the mechanism of secretion remain unclear. Here, we demonstrate that vimentin is released mainly from the back of macrophage-like cells. This polarisation is strongly enhanced upon macrophage activation. One-dimensional patterned lines showed that extracellular cell-surface vimentin is localised primarily at the back of activated macrophage-like cells. Through two-dimensional migration and phagocytosis assays, we show that this extracellular vimentin enhances migration and phagocytosis of macrophage-like cells. We further show that this extracellular vimentin forms agglomerates on the cell surface, in contrast to its intracellular filamentous form, and that it is released into the extracellular space in the form of small fragments. Taken together, we provide new insights into the release of extracellular cell-surface vimentin and its implications for macrophage functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Lucina Kainka
- Experimental Physics, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Franziska Lautenschläger
- Experimental Physics, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
- Centre for Biophysics, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
- *Correspondence: Franziska Lautenschläger,
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22
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Piatek P, Namiecinska M, Lewkowicz N, Kulińska-Michalska M, Jabłonowski Z, Matysiak M, Dulska J, Michlewska S, Wieczorek M, Lewkowicz P. Changes Within H3K4me3-Marked Histone Reveal Molecular Background of Neutrophil Functional Plasticity. Front Immunol 2022; 13:906311. [PMID: 35757755 PMCID: PMC9229595 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.906311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils are a heterogenous population capable of both antimicrobial functions and suppressor ones, however, no specific pattern of transcription factors controlling this plasticity has been identified. We observed rapid changes in the neutrophil status after stimulation with LPS, pre-activating concentration of TNF-α, or IL-10. Chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP-Seq) analysis of histone H3K4me3 allowed us to identify various transcriptional start sites (TSSs) associated with plasticity and heterogeneity of human neutrophils. Gene Ontology analysis demonstrated great variation within target genes responsible for neutrophil activation, cytokine production, apoptosis, histone remodelling as well as NF-κB transcription factor pathways. These data allowed us to assign specific target genes positioned by H3K4me3-marked histone with a different pattern of gene expression related to NF-κB pathways, apoptosis, and a specific profile of cytokines/chemokines/growth factors realised by neutrophils stimulated by LPS, IL-10, or TNF-α. We discovered IL-10-induced apoptotic neutrophils being transcriptionally active cells capable of switching the profile of cytokines/chemokines/growth factors desired in resolving inflammation via non-canonical NF-κB pathway with simultaneous inhibition of canonical NF-κB pathway. As apoptotic/suppressive neutrophils induced by IL-10 via positioning genes within H3K4me3-marked histone were transcriptionally active, newly described DNA binding sites can be considered as potential targets for immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Piatek
- Department of Immunogenetics, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | | | - Natalia Lewkowicz
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Mucosal Diseases, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | | | | | - Mariola Matysiak
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | | | - Sylwia Michlewska
- Laboratory of Microscopic Imaging and Specialized Biological Techniques, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Marek Wieczorek
- Department of Neurobiology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
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23
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Surolia R, Antony VB. Pathophysiological Role of Vimentin Intermediate Filaments in Lung Diseases. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:872759. [PMID: 35573702 PMCID: PMC9096236 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.872759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Vimentin intermediate filaments, a type III intermediate filament, are among the most widely studied IFs and are found abundantly in mesenchymal cells. Vimentin intermediate filaments localize primarily in the cytoplasm but can also be found on the cell surface and extracellular space. The cytoplasmic vimentin is well-recognized for its role in providing mechanical strength and regulating cell migration, adhesion, and division. The post-translationally modified forms of Vimentin intermediate filaments have several implications in host-pathogen interactions, cancers, and non-malignant lung diseases. This review will analyze the role of vimentin beyond just the epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) marker highlighting its role as a regulator of host-pathogen interactions and signaling pathways for the pathophysiology of various lung diseases. In addition, we will also examine the clinically relevant anti-vimentin compounds and antibodies that could potentially interfere with the pathogenic role of Vimentin intermediate filaments in lung disease.
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24
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Mechanism by which immune complexes are deposited in hosts tissue. Inflammopharmacology 2022; 30:349-351. [PMID: 35041118 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-021-00910-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
We offer an explanation how immune complexes are deposited in tissues of auto-immune disorders in humans. These disorders are characterized by the accumulation in tissues of large numbers of neutrophils, which can shed out long extracellular traps (NETs) rich in a nucleosome and in highly opsonic poly cations, histone, LL37, defensins and elastase possessing properties similar to antibodies. These can bind by strong electrostatic forces to negatively charged domains in immune globulins, thus facilitating their deposition and internalization by tissue cells. However, the main cause for tissue damage in auto-immune patients is inflicted by the plethora of toxic pro-inflammatory agents released by activated neutrophils. To ameliorate tissue damage and the cytokine storms, it is recommended to administer to patients highly anionic heparins accompanied by steroids, methotrexate, colchicine, copaxone, and also by additional agents which retarded neutrophil functions.
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25
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Ma X, Su J, Wang B, Jin X. Identification of Characteristic Genes in Whole Blood of Intervertebral Disc Degeneration Patients by Weighted Gene Coexpression Network Analysis (WGCNA). COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN MEDICINE 2022; 2022:6609901. [PMID: 35069789 PMCID: PMC8776439 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6609901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is a major cause of lower back pain. However, to date, the molecular mechanism of the IDD remains unclear. Gene expression profiles and clinical traits were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Firstly, weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) was used to screen IDD-related genes. Moreover, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) logistic regression and support vector machine (SVM) algorithms were used to identify characteristic genes. Furthermore, we further investigated the immune landscape by the Cell-type Identification By Estimating Relative Subsets Of RNA Transcripts (CIBERSORT) algorithm and the correlations between key characteristic genes and infiltrating immune cells. Finally, a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network was established to show the regulatory mechanisms of characteristic genes. A total of 2458 genes were identified by WGCNA, and 48 of them were disordered. After overlapping the genes obtained by LASSO and SVM-RFE algorithms, genes including LINC01347, ASAP1-IT1, lnc-SEPT7L-1, B3GNT8, CHRNB3, CLEC4F, LOC102724000, SERINC2, and LOC102723649 were identified as characteristic genes of IDD. Moreover, differential analysis further identified ASAP1-IT1 and SERINC2 as key characteristic genes. Furthermore, we found that the expression of both ASAP1-IT1 and SERINC2 was related to the proportions of T cells gamma delta and Neutrophils. Finally, a ceRNA network was established to show the regulatory mechanisms of ASAP1-IT1 and SERINC2. In conclusion, the present study identified ASAP1-IT1 and SERINC2 as the key characteristic genes of IDD through integrative bioinformatic analyses, which may contribute to the diagnosis and treatment of IDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobo Ma
- Department of Orthopaedics, Yuncheng Central Hospital, Shanxi University, Yuncheng, China 044000
| | - Junqiang Su
- Department of Orthopaedics, Yuncheng Central Hospital, Shanxi University, Yuncheng, China 044000
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Yuncheng Central Hospital, Shanxi University, Yuncheng, China 044000
| | - Xiasheng Jin
- Department of Orthopaedics, Yuncheng Central Hospital, Shanxi University, Yuncheng, China 044000
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26
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Zhao J, Jiang P, Guo S, Schrodi SJ, He D. Apoptosis, Autophagy, NETosis, Necroptosis, and Pyroptosis Mediated Programmed Cell Death as Targets for Innovative Therapy in Rheumatoid Arthritis. Front Immunol 2022; 12:809806. [PMID: 35003139 PMCID: PMC8739882 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.809806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory joint disease that can lead to clinical manifestations of systemic diseases. Its leading features include chronic synovial inflammation and degeneration of the bones and joints. In the past decades, multiple susceptibilities for rheumatoid arthritis have been identified along with the development of a remarkable variety of drugs for its treatment; which include analgesics, glucocorticoids, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medications (NSAIDs), disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs), and biologic response modifiers (bDMARDs). Despite the existence of many clinical treatment options, the prognosis of some patients remains poor due to complex mechanism of the disease. Programmed cell death (PCD) has been extensively studied and ascertained to be one of the essential pathological mechanisms of RA. Its dysregulation in various associated cell types contributes to the development of RA. In this review, we summarize the role of apoptosis, cell death-associated neutrophil extracellular trap formation, necroptosis, pyroptosis, and autophagy in the pathophysiology of RA to provide a theoretical reference and insightful direction to the discovery and development of novel therapeutic targets for RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianan Zhao
- Guanghua Clinical Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Jiang
- Guanghua Clinical Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shicheng Guo
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Steven J Schrodi
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Dongyi He
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Arthritis Institute of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Shanghai Chinese Medicine Research Institute, Shanghai, China
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27
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Etzel L, Apsley AT, Mattern BC, Hastings WJ, Heller T, Ram N, Siegel SR, Shalev I. Immune cell dynamics in response to an acute laboratory stressor: a within-person between-group analysis of the biological impact of early life adversity. Stress 2022; 25:347-356. [PMID: 36404775 PMCID: PMC9704543 DOI: 10.1080/10253890.2022.2148100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Early life adversity (ELA) is a risk factor for early onset morbidities and mortality, a relationship that may be driven in part by immune system dysregulation. One mechanism of dysregulation that has yet to be fully examined in the context of ELA is alterations to immune cell dynamics in response to acute stress. Using a within-person between-group experimental design, we investigated stress-induced changes in immune cell populations, and how these changes may be altered in individuals with a history of ELA. Participants were young adults (N = 34, aged 18-25 years, 53% female, 47% with a history of ELA). Complete immune cell counts were measured at four time-points over a 5-hour window across two sessions (Trier Social Stress Test [TSST] vs. no-stress) separated by a week. Across all participants, total white blood cells increased over time (F(3,84)=38.97, p < .001) with a greater increase in response to the TSST compared to the no-stress condition at 240 minutes post-test (b = 0.43±.19; t(179)=2.22, p = .027). This pattern was mirrored by neutrophil counts. Lymphocyte counts were initially depressed by TSST exposure (b =-205±.67; t(184)=-3.07, p = .002) but recovered above baseline. ELA status was associated with higher stress-induced immune cell counts, a difference likely driven by increases in neutrophils (F(1,22)=4.45, p = .046). Overall, these results indicate differential immune cell dynamics in response to acute stress in individuals with a history of ELA. This points to altered immune system functioning in the context of stress, a finding that may be driving increased morbidity and mortality risk for ELA-exposed individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Etzel
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Abner T. Apsley
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Brooke C. Mattern
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Waylon J. Hastings
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Thomas Heller
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Nilam Ram
- Department of Psychology and Department of Communication, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Sue Rutherford Siegel
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Idan Shalev
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
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28
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Yan S, Golumba-Nagy V, Kotschenreuther K, Thiele J, Refaian N, Shuya D, Gloyer L, Dittrich-Salamon M, Meyer A, Heindl LM, Kofler DM. Membrane-bound IL-6R is upregulated on Th17 cells and inhibits Treg cell migration by regulating post-translational modification of VASP in autoimmune arthritis. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 79:3. [PMID: 34913099 PMCID: PMC8674172 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-04076-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Autoimmune arthritis is characterized by impaired regulatory T (Treg) cell migration into inflamed joint tissue and by dysregulation of the balance between Treg cells and Th17 cells. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is known to contribute to this dysregulation, but the molecular mechanisms behind impaired Treg cell migration remain largely unknown. In this study, we assessed dynamic changes in membrane-bound IL-6 receptor (IL6R) expression levels on Th17 cells by flow cytometry during the development of collagen-induced arthritis (CIA). In a next step, bioinformatics analysis based on proteomics was performed to evaluate potential pathways affected by altered IL-6R signaling in autoimmune arthritis. Our analysis shows that membrane-bound IL-6R is upregulated on Th17 cells and is inversely correlated with IL-6 serum levels in experimental autoimmune arthritis. Moreover, IL-6R expression is significantly increased on Th17 cells from untreated patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Interestingly, CD4+ T cells from CIA mice and RA patients show reduced phosphorylation of vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP). Bioinformatics analysis based on proteomics of CD4+ T cells with low or high phosphorylation levels of VASP revealed that integrin signaling and related pathways are significantly enriched in cells with low phosphorylation of VASP. Specific inhibition of p-VASP reduces the migratory function of Treg cells but has no influence on effector CD4+ T cells. Importantly, IL-6R blockade restores the phosphorylation level of VASP, thereby improving the migratory function of Treg cells from RA patients. Thus, our results establish a link between IL6R signaling and phosphorylation of VASP, which controls Treg cell migration in autoimmune arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuaifeng Yan
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department I of Internal Medicine, University of Cologne, Kerpenerstr. 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany
| | - Viktoria Golumba-Nagy
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department I of Internal Medicine, University of Cologne, Kerpenerstr. 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany
| | - Konstantin Kotschenreuther
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department I of Internal Medicine, University of Cologne, Kerpenerstr. 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jan Thiele
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department I of Internal Medicine, University of Cologne, Kerpenerstr. 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany
| | - Nasrin Refaian
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Deng Shuya
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Lydia Gloyer
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department I of Internal Medicine, University of Cologne, Kerpenerstr. 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany
| | - Mara Dittrich-Salamon
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department I of Internal Medicine, University of Cologne, Kerpenerstr. 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany
| | - Anja Meyer
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department I of Internal Medicine, University of Cologne, Kerpenerstr. 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany
| | - Ludwig M Heindl
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - David M Kofler
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department I of Internal Medicine, University of Cologne, Kerpenerstr. 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany. .,Center for Integrated Oncology, Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf, Cologne, Germany.
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29
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Lin WW, Ho KW, Su HH, Fang TF, Tzou SC, Chen IJ, Lu YC, Chang MS, Tsai YC, Liu ES, Su YC, Wang YT, Cheng TL, Huang HK. Fibrinogen-Like Protein 1 Serves as an Anti-Inflammatory Agent for Collagen-Induced Arthritis Therapy in Mice. Front Immunol 2021; 12:767868. [PMID: 34975855 PMCID: PMC8716738 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.767868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibrinogen-like protein 1 (FGL1) was recently identified as a major ligand of lymphocyte-activation gene-3 (LAG-3) on activated T cells and serves as an immune suppressive molecule for regulation of immune homeostasis. However, whether FGL1 has therapeutic potential for use in the T cell-induced the autoimmune disease, rheumatoid arthritis (RA), is still unknown. Here, we attempted to evaluate the effect of FGL1 protein on arthritis progression. We also evaluated potential adverse events in a collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mouse model. We first confirmed that soluble Fgl1 protein could specifically bind to surface Lag-3 receptor on 3T3-Lag-3 cells and further inhibit interleukin (IL-2) and interferon gamma (IFNγ) secretion from activated primary mouse T cells by 95% and 43%, respectively. Intraperitoneal administration of Fgl1 protein significantly decreased the inflammatory cytokine level (i.e., IL-1β and IL-6) in local paw tissue, and prevented joint inflammation, cellular infiltration, bone deformation and attenuated collagen-induced arthritis progression in vivo. We further demonstrated that exogenous Fgl1 does not cause obvious adverse events during treatment by monitoring body weight and liver weight, and assessing the morphology of several organs (i.e., heart, liver, spleen, lung and kidney) by pathological studies. We expect that Fgl1 protein may be suitable to serve as a potential therapeutic agent for treatment of RA or even other types of T cell-induced autoimmune or inflammatory diseases in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Wei Lin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Post Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Wen-Wei Lin, ; Hsin-Kai Huang,
| | - Kai-Wen Ho
- Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hsiang-Han Su
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Tien-Fang Fang
- Department of Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shey-Cherng Tzou
- Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - I-Ju Chen
- Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Chi Lu
- Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Mu-Shen Chang
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Chen Tsai
- Department of Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - En-Shuo Liu
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Cheng Su
- Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Tseng Wang
- Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Post Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Tian-Lu Cheng
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Kai Huang
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Wen-Wei Lin, ; Hsin-Kai Huang,
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30
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Cho Y, Anderson EW, Guevara SJ, Miyara SJ, Maria N, Metz CN, Zafeiropoulos S, Giannis D, Wang J, Abidoye O, Mumford JM, Aronsohn J, Molmenti E, Sohail H. Diagnostic Dilemma of Paraneoplastic Rheumatic Disorders: Case Series and Narrative Review. Cureus 2021; 13:e19993. [PMID: 34984145 PMCID: PMC8715838 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.19993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Paraneoplastic rheumatic disorder (RD) is a disorder that may present before, concurrent with, or after the diagnosis of malignancy. Paraneoplastic RDs are a clinical expression of occult cancer that is not directly related to a tumor or metastasis and manifests as rheumatoid symptoms. The RD is determined by the organ system affected by articular, muscular, cutaneous, vascular, or miscellaneous symptoms. Each case is challenging to diagnose because cancer may present with similar symptoms as a common rheumatic disorder. Of note, the majority of cases have minimal responsiveness or no responsiveness to standard rheumatoid treatment. Therefore, it is imperative to recognize and treat the underlying cancer accordingly. Herein, we present four different diagnostic dilemma cases of RD: case #1 - leukocytoclastic vasculitis and C3 glomerulopathy, case #2 - scleroderma, case #3 - Raynaud’s syndrome and possible lupus-like syndrome, and case #4 - inflammatory myositis. Institutional IRB approval was obtained for this case series. We will discuss and review the literature on each topic. In addition, we will mention a review of paraneoplastic rheumatoid arthritis. As rheumatic disease is associated with the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) for cancer treatment, we will briefly discuss some of the most common rheumatic presentations in the setting of these drugs. This case review aims to inform clinicians about the atypical presentation of paraneoplastic RD and to highlight the need for interdisciplinary management between rheumatologists, oncologists, and primary care practitioners.
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31
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Al Mushafi A, Ooi JD, Odobasic D. Crescentic Glomerulonephritis: Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Potential of Human Amniotic Stem Cells. Front Physiol 2021; 12:724186. [PMID: 34721059 PMCID: PMC8554237 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.724186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) leads to significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. Glomerulonephritis (GN) is the second leading cause of CKD resulting in end stage renal failure. The most severe and rapidly progressive type of GN is characterized by glomerular crescent formation. The current therapies for crescentic GN, which consist of broad immunosuppressive drugs, are partially effective, non-specific, toxic and cause many serious side effects including infections, cancer, and cardiovascular problems. Therefore, new and safer therapies are needed. Human amniotic epithelial cells (hAECs) are a type of stem cell which are isolated from the placenta after birth. They represent an attractive and novel therapeutic option for the treatment of various inflammatory conditions owing to their unique and selective immunosuppressive ability, as well as their excellent safety profile and clinical applicability. In this review, we will discuss the immunopathogenesis of crescentic GN, issues with currently available treatments and how hAECs offer potential to become a new and harmless treatment option for this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Al Mushafi
- Department of Medicine, Monash Medical Centre, Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Joshua D Ooi
- Department of Medicine, Monash Medical Centre, Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Dragana Odobasic
- Department of Medicine, Monash Medical Centre, Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
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32
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Wang WM, Wu C, Gao YM, Li F, Yu XL, Jin HZ. Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio, platelet to lymphocyte ratio, and other hematological parameters in psoriasis patients. BMC Immunol 2021; 22:64. [PMID: 34565327 PMCID: PMC8474773 DOI: 10.1186/s12865-021-00454-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Psoriasis is a chronic immune‐mediated skin disorder. Systemic inflammation plays an important role in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. Methods A total of 477 patients with psoriasis vulgaris (PsV, n = 347), generalized pustular psoriasis (GPP, n = 37), erythrodermic psoriasis (PsE, n = 45), arthritic psoriasis (PsA, n = 25) and mixed psoriasis (n = 23), and 954 healthy control subjects were included in the study. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory information were collected and compared between subgroups. Results Compared with the healthy control group, patients with psoriasis had higher total white blood cell (WBC), neutrophil, platelet counts, neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR), but lower hemoglobin (Hb) levels, lymphocyte and red blood cell (RBC) counts. NLR values in the PsV group were significantly lower than those in the GPP, PsE, and PsA groups, with GPP group being the highest. PLR values in the PsV group were significantly lower than those in the GPP, PsE, and PsA groups. There was no significant correlation between the psoriasis area severity index (PASI) score and either the NLR or PLR in the PsV group. Conclusions Elevated NLR and PLR were associated with psoriasis and differed between subtypes, suggesting that they could be used as markers of systemic inflammation in psoriasis patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Ming Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No.1 Shuaifuyuan Wangfujing Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Chao Wu
- Department of Dermatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No.1 Shuaifuyuan Wangfujing Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Yi-Meng Gao
- Department of Dermatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No.1 Shuaifuyuan Wangfujing Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Feng Li
- Department of Dermatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No.1 Shuaifuyuan Wangfujing Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Xiao-Ling Yu
- Department of Dermatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No.1 Shuaifuyuan Wangfujing Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Hong-Zhong Jin
- Department of Dermatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No.1 Shuaifuyuan Wangfujing Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China.
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Lin R, Li L. Innate Neutrophil Memory Dynamics in Disease Pathogenesis. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2021; 276:43-64. [PMID: 34486096 DOI: 10.1007/164_2021_538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Neutrophils, the most abundant leukocytes in circulation and the first responders to infection and inflammation, closely modulate both acute and chronic inflammatory processes. Resting neutrophils constantly patrol vasculature and migrate to tissues when challenges occur. When infection and/or inflammation recede, tissue neutrophils will be subsequently cleaned up by macrophages which collectively contribute to the resolution of inflammation. While most studies focus on the anti-microbial function of neutrophils including phagocytosis, degranulation, and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) formation, recent research highlighted additional contributions of neutrophils beyond simply controlling infectious agents. Neutrophils with resolving characteristics may alter the activities of neighboring cells and facilitate inflammation resolution, modulate long-term macrophage and adaptive immune responses, therefore having important impacts on host pathophysiology. The focus of this chapter is to provide an updated assessment of recent progress in the emerging field of neutrophil programming and memory in the context of both acute and chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- RuiCi Lin
- Translational Biology, Medicine, and Health Graduate Program, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA.,Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Liwu Li
- Translational Biology, Medicine, and Health Graduate Program, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA. .,Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA.
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Albert D. Are autoimmune diseases autoinflammatory: Is it time to change the paradigm? Lupus 2021; 30:1722-1724. [PMID: 34467788 DOI: 10.1177/09612033211038931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The paradigm that autoimmune diseases are abberations in the adaptive immune system is over 50 years old, but recent data suggest a multitude of abnormalities in the innate immune system in lupus and other autoimmune diseases. This viewpoint elaborates the reasons that I think it is time to reexamine this paradigm and shift our research focus to the innate immune system in lupus and other prototypic autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Albert
- Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, The Dartmouth Institute, Lebanon, NH, USA
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35
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Riff R, Naamani O, Mazar J, Haviv YS, Chaimovitz C, Douvdevani A. A 1 and A 2A adenosine receptors play a protective role to reduce prevalence of autoimmunity following tissue damage. Clin Exp Immunol 2021; 205:278-287. [PMID: 33894002 PMCID: PMC8374218 DOI: 10.1111/cei.13607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Adenosine is a potent modulator that has a tremendous effect on the immune system. Adenosine affects T cell activity, and is necessary in maintaining the T helper/regulatory T cell (Treg ) ratio. Adenosine signalling is also involved in activating neutrophils and the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), which has been linked to autoimmune disorders. Therefore, adenosine, through its receptors, is extremely important in maintaining homeostasis and involved in the development of autoimmune diseases. In this study, we aim to evaluate the role of adenosine A1 and A2A receptors in involvement of autoimmune diseases. We studied adenosine regulation by NETosis in vitro, and used two murine models of autoimmune diseases: type I diabetes mellitus (T1DM) induced by low-dose streptozotocin and pristane-induced systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). We have found that A1 R enhances and A2A R suppresses NETosis. In addition, in both models, A1 R-knock-out (KO) mice were predisposed to the development of autoimmunity. In the SLE model in wild-type (WT) mice we observed a decline of A1 R mRNA levels 6 h after pristane injection that was parallel to lymphocyte reduction. Following pristane, 43% of A1 R-KO mice suffered from lupus-like disease while WT mice remained without any sign of disease at 36 weeks. In WT mice, at 10 days A2A R mRNA levels were significantly higher compared to A1R-KO mice. Similar to SLE, in the T1DM model the presence of A1 R and A2A R was protective. Our data suggest that, in autoimmune diseases, the acute elimination of lymphocytes and reduction of DNA release due to NETosis depends upon A1 R desensitization and long-term suppression of A2A R.
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MESH Headings
- Adenosine/metabolism
- Animals
- Autoimmunity/immunology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/immunology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/pathology
- Disease Models, Animal
- Extracellular Traps/immunology
- Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/immunology
- Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/pathology
- Lymphopenia/immunology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Neutrophil Activation/immunology
- Neutrophils/immunology
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- Receptor, Adenosine A1/genetics
- Receptor, Adenosine A1/metabolism
- Receptor, Adenosine A2A/genetics
- Receptor, Adenosine A2A/metabolism
- Signal Transduction/immunology
- Streptozocin
- Terpenes
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Affiliation(s)
- Reut Riff
- Departments of Clinical Biochemistry and PharmacologyFaculty of Health SciencesBen‐Gurion University of the Negev and Soroka University Medical CenterBeer‐ShevaIsrael
- Present address:
Weizmann Institute of ScienceWolfson Building 158, 234 Herzl StreetFehovot7610001Israel
| | - Oshri Naamani
- Departments of Clinical Biochemistry and PharmacologyFaculty of Health SciencesBen‐Gurion University of the Negev and Soroka University Medical CenterBeer‐ShevaIsrael
- Department of ScienceHemdat HadaromCollege of EducationNetivotIsrael
| | - Julia Mazar
- Laboratory of Nephrology HematologyFaculty of Health SciencesBen‐Gurion University of the NegevBeer‐ShevaIsrael
| | - Yosef S. Haviv
- Department of Nephrology HematologyFaculty of Health SciencesBen‐Gurion University of the Negev and Soroka University Medical CenterBeer‐ShevaIsrael
| | - Cidio Chaimovitz
- Department of Nephrology HematologyFaculty of Health SciencesBen‐Gurion University of the Negev and Soroka University Medical CenterBeer‐ShevaIsrael
| | - Amos Douvdevani
- Departments of Clinical Biochemistry and PharmacologyFaculty of Health SciencesBen‐Gurion University of the Negev and Soroka University Medical CenterBeer‐ShevaIsrael
- Department of Nephrology HematologyFaculty of Health SciencesBen‐Gurion University of the Negev and Soroka University Medical CenterBeer‐ShevaIsrael
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Feldman M, Ginsburg I. A Novel Hypothetical Approach to Explain the Mechanisms of Pathogenicity of Rheumatic Arthritis. Mediterr J Rheumatol 2021; 32:112-117. [PMID: 34447906 PMCID: PMC8369279 DOI: 10.31138/mjr.32.2.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The autoimmune disorder rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a relapsing and chronic inflammatory disease that affects the synovial cells, cartilage, bone, and muscle. It is characterised by the accumulation of huge numbers of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) and macrophages in the synovia. Auto-antibodies are deposited in the joint via the activity of highly cationic histones released from neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in a phenomenon termed NETosis. The cationic histones function as opsonic agents that bind to negatively charged domains in autoantibodies and complement compounds via strong electrostatic forces, facilitating their deposition and endocytosis by synovial cells. However, eventually the main cause of tissue damage is the plethora of toxic pro-inflammatory substances released by activated neutrophils recruited by cytokines. Tissue damage in RA can also be accompanied by infections which, upon bacteriolysis, release cell-wall components that are toxic to tissues. Some amelioration of the damaged cells and tissues in RA may be achieved by the use of highly anionic heparins, which can neutralize cationic histone activity, provided that these polyanions are co-administrated with anti-inflammatory drugs such as steroids, colchicine, or methotrexate, low molecular weight antioxidants, proteinase inhibitors, and phospholipase A2 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Feldman
- Institute for Dental Sciences, the Hebrew University - Hadassah Faculty of Dental Medicine, Ein Kerem Campus, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Isaac Ginsburg
- Institute for Dental Sciences, the Hebrew University - Hadassah Faculty of Dental Medicine, Ein Kerem Campus, Jerusalem, Israel
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37
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Wu J, Yan L, Chai K. Systemic immune-inflammation index is associated with disease activity in patients with ankylosing spondylitis. J Clin Lab Anal 2021; 35:e23964. [PMID: 34418163 PMCID: PMC8418483 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.23964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The systemic immune‐inflammation index (SII) is a recently developed indicator for systemic inflammatory response. We aimed to explore the association between SII and disease activity in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS). Methods This retrospective study included 136 patients with AS and 63 healthy controls. Patients were divided into two groups according to Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI); active group (n = 60) and remission group (n = 76). Clinical, laboratory, and demographic characteristics were recorded. Spearman's correlation analysis was used to determine correlations of SII with C‐reactive protein (CRP) level, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and BASDAI in AS patients. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to assess risk factors for AS disease activity. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used to evaluate the diagnostic value of SII and the above variables for the active group compared with the remission group. Results Systemic immune‐inflammation index levels were higher in AS patients than in healthy controls (p < 0.001). SII levels were higher in the active group than in the remission group (p < 0.001). For patients with AS, SII correlated positively with CRP (rs = 0.483, p < 0.001), ESR (rs = 0.374, p < 0.001), and BASDAI (rs = 0.667, p < 0.001). SII (OR = 1.009, 95% CI = 1.006–1.012, p < 0.001) was an independent risk factor affecting AS disease activity. The specificity and sensitivity of SII using a cutoff value of 513.2 were 83.33% and 86.84%, respectively, for the active group. Conclusion Systemic immune‐inflammation index was increased in AS. SII may be a novel indicator for monitoring AS disease activity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kexia Chai
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital, Xining, China
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38
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Kirolos SA, Rijal R, Consalvo KM, Gomer RH. Using Dictyostelium to Develop Therapeutics for Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:710005. [PMID: 34350188 PMCID: PMC8326840 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.710005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) involves damage to lungs causing an influx of neutrophils from the blood into the lung airspaces, and the neutrophils causing further damage, which attracts more neutrophils in a vicious cycle. There are ∼190,000 cases of ARDS per year in the US, and because of the lack of therapeutics, the mortality rate is ∼40%. Repelling neutrophils out of the lung airspaces, or simply preventing neutrophil entry, is a potential therapeutic. In this minireview, we discuss how our lab noticed that a protein called AprA secreted by growing Dictyostelium cells functions as a repellent for Dictyostelium cells, causing cells to move away from a source of AprA. We then found that AprA has structural similarity to a human secreted protein called dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPPIV), and that DPPIV is a repellent for human neutrophils. In animal models of ARDS, inhalation of DPPIV or DPPIV mimetics blocks neutrophil influx into the lungs. To move DPPIV or DPPIV mimetics into the clinic, we need to know how this repulsion works to understand possible drug interactions and side effects. Combining biochemistry and genetics in Dictyostelium to elucidate the AprA signal transduction pathway, followed by drug studies in human neutrophils to determine similarities and differences between neutrophil and Dictyostelium chemorepulsion, will hopefully lead to the safe use of DPPIV or DPPIV mimetics in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Richard H. Gomer
- Department of Biology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
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39
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Role of Extracellular Vimentin in Cancer-Cell Functionality and Its Influence on Cell Monolayer Permeability Changes Induced by SARS-CoV-2 Receptor Binding Domain. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22147469. [PMID: 34299089 PMCID: PMC8303762 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The cytoskeletal protein vimentin is secreted under various physiological conditions. Extracellular vimentin exists primarily in two forms: attached to the outer cell surface and secreted into the extracellular space. While surface vimentin is involved in processes such as viral infections and cancer progression, secreted vimentin modulates inflammation through reduction of neutrophil infiltration, promotes bacterial elimination in activated macrophages, and supports axonal growth in astrocytes through activation of the IGF-1 receptor. This receptor is overexpressed in cancer cells, and its activation pathway has significant roles in general cellular functions. In this study, we investigated the functional role of extracellular vimentin in non-tumorigenic (MCF-10a) and cancer (MCF-7) cells through the evaluation of its effects on cell migration, proliferation, adhesion, and monolayer permeability. Upon treatment with extracellular recombinant vimentin, MCF-7 cells showed increased migration, proliferation, and adhesion, compared to MCF-10a cells. Further, MCF-7 monolayers showed reduced permeability, compared to MCF-10a monolayers. It has been shown that the receptor binding domain of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein can alter blood-brain barrier integrity. Surface vimentin also acts as a co-receptor between the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and the cell-surface angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptor. Therefore, we also investigated the permeability of MCF-10a and MCF-7 monolayers upon treatment with extracellular recombinant vimentin, and its modulation of the SARS-CoV-2 receptor binding domain. These findings show that binding of extracellular recombinant vimentin to the cell surface enhances the permeability of both MCF-10a and MCF-7 monolayers. However, with SARS-CoV-2 receptor binding domain addition, this effect is lost with MCF-7 monolayers, as the extracellular vimentin binds directly to the viral domain. This defines an influence of extracellular vimentin in SARS-CoV-2 infections.
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40
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Saisorn W, Saithong S, Phuengmaung P, Udompornpitak K, Bhunyakarnjanarat T, Visitchanakun P, Chareonsappakit A, Pisitkun P, Chiewchengchol D, Leelahavanichkul A. Acute Kidney Injury Induced Lupus Exacerbation Through the Enhanced Neutrophil Extracellular Traps (and Apoptosis) in Fcgr2b Deficient Lupus Mice With Renal Ischemia Reperfusion Injury. Front Immunol 2021; 12:669162. [PMID: 34248948 PMCID: PMC8269073 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.669162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal ischemia is the most common cause of acute kidney injury (AKI) that might be exacerbate lupus activity through neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) and apoptosis. Here, the renal ischemia reperfusion injury (I/R) was performed in Fc gamma receptor 2b deficient (Fcgr2b-/-) lupus mice and the in vitro experiments. At 24 h post-renal I/R injury, NETs in peripheral blood neutrophils and in kidneys were detected using myeloperoxidase (MPO), neutrophil elastase (NE) and citrullinated histone H3 (CitH3), as well as kidney apoptosis (activating caspase-3), which were prominent in Fcgr2b-/- mice more compared to wild-type (WT). After 120 h renal-I/R injury, renal NETs (using MPO and NE) were non-detectable, whereas glomerular immunoglobulin (Ig) deposition and serum anti-dsDNA were increased in Fcgr2b-/- mice. These results imply that renal NETs at 24 h post-renal I/R exacerbated the lupus nephritis at 120 h post-renal I/R injury in Fcgr2b-/- lupus mice. Furthermore, a Syk inhibitor attenuated NETs, that activated by phorbol myristate acetate (PMA; a NETs activator) or lipopolysaccharide (LPS; a potent inflammatory stimulator), more prominently in Fcgr2b-/- neutrophils than the WT cells as determined by dsDNA, PAD4 and MPO. In addition, the inhibitors against Syk and PAD4 attenuated lupus characteristics (serum creatinine, proteinuria, and anti-dsDNA) in Fcgr2b-/- mice at 120 h post-renal I/R injury. In conclusion, renal I/R in Fcgr2b-/- mice induced lupus exacerbation at 120 h post-I/R injury partly because Syk-enhanced renal NETs led to apoptosis-induced anti-dsDNA, which was attenuated by a Syk inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilasinee Saisorn
- Medical Microbiology, Interdisciplinary and International Program, Graduate School, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Supichcha Saithong
- Translational Research in Inflammation and Immunology Research Unit (TRIRU), Department of Microbiology, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Pornpimol Phuengmaung
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Translational Research in Inflammation and Immunology Research Unit (TRIRU), Department of Microbiology, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kanyarat Udompornpitak
- Translational Research in Inflammation and Immunology Research Unit (TRIRU), Department of Microbiology, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Thansita Bhunyakarnjanarat
- Translational Research in Inflammation and Immunology Research Unit (TRIRU), Department of Microbiology, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Peerapat Visitchanakun
- Translational Research in Inflammation and Immunology Research Unit (TRIRU), Department of Microbiology, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Awirut Chareonsappakit
- Translational Research in Inflammation and Immunology Research Unit (TRIRU), Department of Microbiology, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Prapaporn Pisitkun
- Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Direkrit Chiewchengchol
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Translational Research in Inflammation and Immunology Research Unit (TRIRU), Department of Microbiology, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Asada Leelahavanichkul
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Translational Research in Inflammation and Immunology Research Unit (TRIRU), Department of Microbiology, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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41
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A Meta-Analysis of the Effects of High-LET Ionizing Radiations in Human Gene Expression. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11020115. [PMID: 33546472 PMCID: PMC7913660 DOI: 10.3390/life11020115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of high linear energy transfer (LET) ionizing radiation (IR) is progressively being incorporated in radiation therapy due to its precise dose localization and high relative biological effectiveness. At the same time, these benefits of particle radiation become a high risk for astronauts in the case of inevitable cosmic radiation exposure. Nonetheless, DNA Damage Response (DDR) activated via complex DNA damage in healthy tissue, occurring from such types of radiation, may be instrumental in the induction of various chronic and late effects. An approach to elucidating the possible underlying mechanisms is studying alterations in gene expression. To this end, we identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in high Z and high energy (HZE) particle-, γ-ray- and X-ray-exposed healthy human tissues, utilizing microarray data available in public repositories. Differential gene expression analysis (DGEA) was conducted using the R programming language. Consequently, four separate meta-analyses were conducted, after DEG lists were grouped depending on radiation type, radiation dose and time of collection post-irradiation. To highlight the biological background of each meta-analysis group, functional enrichment analysis and biological network construction were conducted. For HZE particle exposure at 8–24 h post-irradiation, the most interesting finding is the variety of DNA repair mechanisms that were downregulated, a fact that is probably correlated with complex DNA damage formation. Simultaneously, after X-ray exposure during the same hours after irradiation, DNA repair mechanisms continue to take place. Finally, in a further comparison of low- and high-LET radiation effects, the most prominent result is that autophagy mechanisms seem to persist and that adaptive immune induction seems to be present. Such bioinformatics approaches may aid in obtaining an overview of the cellular response to high-LET particles. Understanding these response mechanisms can consequently aid in the development of countermeasures for future space missions and ameliorate heavy ion treatments.
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42
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Rawat K, Syeda S, Shrivastava A. Neutrophil-derived granule cargoes: paving the way for tumor growth and progression. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2021; 40:221-244. [PMID: 33438104 PMCID: PMC7802614 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-020-09951-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Neutrophils are the key cells of our innate immune system mediating host defense via a range of effector functions including phagocytosis, degranulation, and NETosis. For this, they employ an arsenal of anti-microbial cargoes packed in their readily mobilizable granule subsets. Notably, the release of granule content is tightly regulated; however, under certain circumstances, their unregulated release can aggravate tissue damage and could be detrimental to the host. Several constituents of neutrophil granules have also been associated with various inflammatory diseases including cancer. In cancer setting, their excessive release may modulate tissue microenvironment which ultimately leads the way for tumor initiation, growth and metastasis. Neutrophils actively infiltrate within tumor tissues, wherein they show diverse phenotypic and functional heterogeneity. While most studies are focused at understanding the phenotypic heterogeneity of neutrophils, their functional heterogeneity, much of which is likely orchestrated by their granule cargoes, is beginning to emerge. Therefore, a better understanding of neutrophil granules and their cargoes will not only shed light on their diverse role in cancer but will also reveal them as novel therapeutic targets. This review provides an overview on existing knowledge of neutrophil granules and detailed insight into the pathological relevance of their cargoes in cancer. In addition, we also discuss the therapeutic approach for targeting neutrophils or their microenvironment in disease setting that will pave the way forward for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kavita Rawat
- grid.8195.50000 0001 2109 4999Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007 India
| | - Saima Syeda
- grid.8195.50000 0001 2109 4999Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007 India
| | - Anju Shrivastava
- grid.8195.50000 0001 2109 4999Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007 India
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43
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Coit P, Ortiz-Fernandez L, Lewis EE, McCune WJ, Maksimowicz-McKinnon K, Sawalha AH. A longitudinal and transancestral analysis of DNA methylation patterns and disease activity in lupus patients. JCI Insight 2020; 5:143654. [PMID: 33108347 PMCID: PMC7710270 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.143654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic dysregulation is implicated in the pathogenesis of lupus. We performed a longitudinal analysis to assess changes in DNA methylation in lupus neutrophils over 4 years of follow-up and across disease activity levels using 229 patient samples. We demonstrate that DNA methylation profiles in lupus are partly determined by ancestry-associated genetic variations and are highly stable over time. DNA methylation levels in 2 CpG sites correlated significantly with changes in lupus disease activity. Progressive demethylation in SNX18 was observed with increasing disease activity in African American patients. Importantly, demethylation of a CpG site located within GALNT18 was associated with the development of active lupus nephritis. Differentially methylated genes between African American and European American lupus patients include type I IFN–response genes such as IRF7 and IFI44, and genes related to the NF-κB pathway. TREML4, which plays a vital role in TLR signaling, was hypomethylated in African American patients and demonstrated a strong cis–methylation quantitative trait loci (cis-meQTL) effect among 8855 cis-meQTL associations identified in our study. A genome-wide DNA methylation and genotyping approach in neutrophils from lupus patients identifies methylation changes that occur with time and as disease activity changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Coit
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Graduate Program in Immunology and
| | - Lourdes Ortiz-Fernandez
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Emily E Lewis
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - W Joseph McCune
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | | | - Amr H Sawalha
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Lupus Center of Excellence, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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44
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Damerau A, Gaber T. Modeling Rheumatoid Arthritis In Vitro: From Experimental Feasibility to Physiological Proximity. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21217916. [PMID: 33113770 PMCID: PMC7663779 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21217916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, inflammatory, and systemic autoimmune disease that affects the connective tissue and primarily the joints. If not treated, RA ultimately leads to progressive cartilage and bone degeneration. The etiology of the pathogenesis of RA is unknown, demonstrating heterogeneity in its clinical presentation, and is associated with autoantibodies directed against modified self-epitopes. Although many models already exist for RA for preclinical research, many current model systems of arthritis have limited predictive value because they are either based on animals of phylogenetically distant origin or suffer from overly simplified in vitro culture conditions. These limitations pose considerable challenges for preclinical research and therefore clinical translation. Thus, a sophisticated experimental human-based in vitro approach mimicking RA is essential to (i) investigate key mechanisms in the pathogenesis of human RA, (ii) identify targets for new therapeutic approaches, (iii) test these approaches, (iv) facilitate the clinical transferability of results, and (v) reduce the use of laboratory animals. Here, we summarize the most commonly used in vitro models of RA and discuss their experimental feasibility and physiological proximity to the pathophysiology of human RA to highlight new human-based avenues in RA research to increase our knowledge on human pathophysiology and develop effective targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Damerau
- Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, 10117 Berlin, Germany;
- German Rheumatism Research Centre (DRFZ) Berlin, a Leibniz Institute, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Timo Gaber
- Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, 10117 Berlin, Germany;
- German Rheumatism Research Centre (DRFZ) Berlin, a Leibniz Institute, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Correspondence:
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Wang X, Blanco LP, Carmona-Rivera C, Nakabo S, Pedersen HL, Yu ZX, Kaplan MJ. Effects of Gasdermin D in Modulating Murine Lupus and its Associated Organ Damage. Arthritis Rheumatol 2020; 72:2118-2129. [PMID: 32692482 DOI: 10.1002/art.41444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Gasdermin D (GSDMD) is the key executioner of an inflammatory cell death mechanism known as pyroptosis. Recent reports have also implicated GSDMD in other mechanisms of cell death, including apoptosis, necroptosis, and NETosis. Given the role of dysregulated cell death in autoimmune syndromes such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), this study was undertaken in a murine lupus model to investigate whether GSDMD plays a pathogenic role in systemic autoimmunity by promoting inflammatory cell death, leading to increased generation of nuclear autoantigens and autoantibodies. METHODS An imiquimod-induced model of SLE was tested in GSDMD-/- mice (n = 30), with wild-type (WT) mice as controls (n = 34), on a C57BL/6 background. At the time of euthanasia, the mice were examined for serum autoantibodies, immune complex deposition, organ inflammation, immune dysregulation, and type I interferon responses. A model of pristane-induced lung injury in GSDMD-/- mice (n = 7), with WT mice as controls (n = 10), was used to confirm the pulmonary phenotype. Regulation of various mechanisms of cell death by GSDMD was investigated in the mice. RESULTS Unexpectedly, GSDMD-/- mice developed enhanced mortality, more severe renal and pulmonary inflammation, and exacerbated autoantibody production in response to imiquimod. Pulmonary involvement was also more severe in the absence of GSDMD in mice with pristane-induced lung injury. Compared to WT mice, lack of GSDMD was associated with increased levels of circulating nuclear autoantigens (P < 0.01), anti-double-stranded DNA autoantibodies (P < 0.01), tissue immune complex deposition (P < 0.05), expansion of myeloid cell subsets (P < 0.05), and enhanced B cell activation and plasma cell differentiation (P = 0.001). Moreover, in the absence of GSDMD, enhanced autoantigen generation was associated with increased local induction of cell death in vivo. CONCLUSION GSDMD negatively regulates autoantigen generation and immune dysregulation in response to tissue injury and may play previously unappreciated protective roles in systemic autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinghao Wang
- National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, United States
| | - Luz P Blanco
- National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, United States
| | - Carmelo Carmona-Rivera
- National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, United States
| | - Shuichiro Nakabo
- National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, United States
| | - Hege L Pedersen
- National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, United States
| | - Zu-Xi Yu
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, United States
| | - Mariana J Kaplan
- National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, United States
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Szydełko J, Litwińczuk M, Szydełko M, Matyjaszek-Matuszek B. Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte, Monocyte-to-Lymphocyte and Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratios in Relation to Clinical Parameters and Smoking Status in Patients with Graves' Orbitopathy-Novel Insight into Old Tests. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9103111. [PMID: 32993174 PMCID: PMC7600876 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9103111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Graves' orbitopathy (GO) is an autoimmune disease with a chronic inflammatory background. Smoking behavior is the main environmental factor responsible for the transition of this major extra thyroidal manifestation of Graves' disease (GD) from the subclinical to the overt form. Complete blood count-derived parameters are suggested to be novel inflammatory indices. The aim of this retrospective study was to investigate the association between neutrophil-to-lymphocyte (NLR), monocyte-to-lymphocyte (MLR), and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratios (PLR) with selected clinical parameters and smoking status in 406 GD patients with (n = 168) and without GO (n = 238). The control group consisted of 100 healthy individuals. The activity of GO was graded according to Clinical Activity Score. Significantly higher white blood cells (WBC), neutrophil, and NLR (p < 0.05) values were observed in GD patients with GO compared with those without GO. PLR values were significantly higher in GO patients than in the controls. WBC (6.81 ± 1.56 vs. 5.70 ± 1.23) and neutrophils (3.89 ± 1.06 vs. 3.15 ± 0.95) count was higher in active GO patients than in those with inactive GO. Positive correlation (p < 0.05) between CAS score and WBC, neutrophil and monocyte count, and NLR was found. Smoking was associated with higher WBC (p = 0.040), neutrophil (p = 0.049), PLR (p = 0.032) values. Multivariate analysis revealed that WBC, NLR may be risk factors for GO development. WBC, neutrophil, NLR and PLR values seem to be useful tools in the assessment of inflammation in GD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Szydełko
- Department of Endocrinology, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8, 20-954 Lublin, Poland;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-81-724-4668; Fax: +81-724-4669
| | - Michał Litwińczuk
- Department of Endocrinology, Independent Public Clinical Hospital No. 4 in Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8, 20-954 Lublin, Poland; (M.L.); (M.S.)
| | - Magdalena Szydełko
- Department of Endocrinology, Independent Public Clinical Hospital No. 4 in Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8, 20-954 Lublin, Poland; (M.L.); (M.S.)
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Feldman M, Ginsburg I. A novel aspect may explain the mechanisms of pathogenicity of rheumatic fever, a multifactorial, autoimmune, infectious and inflammatory disorder which "licks the joints and bites the heart": A working hypothesis. Med Hypotheses 2020; 144:110222. [PMID: 33254529 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2020.110222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
A novel hypothesis is presented to explain the pathogenesis of the multifactorial autoimmune disorder rheumatic fever (RF). It involves a synergistic interaction among streptococcal toxins, their cell wall components, M protein, immune complexes, complement components, cationic histones. These agents can act with cationic histones released by neutrophils during NETosis and bacteriolysis and can function as opsonic agents possessing properties similar to antibodies. Cationic histones can interact by strong electrostatic forces with negatively- charged domains on immune complexes and complement components. This allows their deposition and endocytosis in the myocardium, the heart valves, and in the joints. However, the main cause of cell and tissue damage observed in RF is due to a synergism among the plethora of pro-inflammatory substances released by activated neutrophils and macrophages. Cell damage may be mitigated to some extent by anionic heparins, heparinoids, and by anti-inflammatory drugs such as corticosteroids which counteract neutrophils and macrophage chemotaxis induced by cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Feldman
- Institute for Dental Sciences the Hebrew University Hadassah Faculty of Dental Medicine, Ein Kerem Campus, Jerusalem, Israel.
| | - Isaac Ginsburg
- Institute for Dental Sciences the Hebrew University Hadassah Faculty of Dental Medicine, Ein Kerem Campus, Jerusalem, Israel
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Tay SH, Celhar T, Fairhurst AM. Low-Density Neutrophils in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Arthritis Rheumatol 2020; 72:1587-1595. [PMID: 32524751 PMCID: PMC7590095 DOI: 10.1002/art.41395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) display increased numbers of immature neutrophils in the blood, but the exact role of these immature neutrophils is unclear. Neutrophils that sediment within the peripheral blood mononuclear cell fraction after density centrifugation of blood are generally defined as low-density neutrophils (LDNs). Far beyond antimicrobial functions, LDNs are emerging as decision-shapers during innate and adaptive immune responses. Traditionally, neutrophils have been viewed as a homogeneous population. However, the various LDN populations identified in SLE to date are heterogeneously composed of mixed populations of activated mature neutrophils and immature neutrophils at various stages of differentiation. Controversy also surrounds the role of LDNs in SLE in terms of whether they are proinflammatory or polymorphonuclear myeloid-derived suppressor cells. It is clear that LDNs in SLE can secrete increased levels of type I interferon (IFN) and that they contribute to the cycle of inflammation and tissue damage. They readily form neutrophil extracellular traps, exposing modified autoantigens and oxidized mitochondrial DNA, which contribute to autoantibody production and type I IFN signaling, respectively. Importantly, the ability of LDNs in SLE to perform canonical neutrophil functions is polarized, based on mature CD10+ and immature CD10- neutrophils. Although this field is still relatively new, multiomic approaches have advanced our understanding of the diverse origins, phenotype, and function of LDNs in SLE. This review updates the literature on the origin and nature of LDNs, their distinctive features, and their biologic roles in the immunopathogenesis and end-organ damage in SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sen Hee Tay
- National University Hospital Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore
| | - Teja Celhar
- Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore
| | - Anna-Marie Fairhurst
- Institute for Molecular and Cellular Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, University of Singapore Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Singapore
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Ugonotti J, Chatterjee S, Thaysen-Andersen M. Structural and functional diversity of neutrophil glycosylation in innate immunity and related disorders. Mol Aspects Med 2020; 79:100882. [PMID: 32847678 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2020.100882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The granulated neutrophils are abundant innate immune cells that utilize bioactive glycoproteins packed in cytosolic granules to fight pathogenic infections, but the neutrophil glycobiology remains poorly understood. Facilitated by technological advances in glycoimmunology, systems glycobiology and glycoanalytics, a considerable body of literature reporting on novel aspects of neutrophil glycosylation has accumulated. Herein, we summarize the building knowledge of the structural and functional diversity displayed by N- and O-linked glycoproteins spatiotemporally expressed and sequentially brought-into-action across the diverse neutrophil life stages during bone marrow maturation, movements to, from and within the blood circulation and microbicidal processes at the inflammatory sites in peripheral tissues. It transpires that neutrophils abundantly decorate their granule glycoproteins including neutrophil elastase, myeloperoxidase and cathepsin G with peculiar glyco-signatures not commonly reported in other areas of human glycobiology such as hyper-truncated chitobiose core- and paucimannosidic-type N-glycans and monoantennary complex-type N-glycans. Sialyl Lewisx, Lewisx, poly-N-acetyllactosamine extensions and core 1-/2-type O-glycans are also common neutrophil glyco-signatures. Granule-specific glycosylation is another fascinating yet not fully understood feature of neutrophils. Recent literature suggests that unconventional biosynthetic pathways and functions underpin these prominent neutrophil-associated glyco-phenotypes. The impact of glycosylation on key neutrophil effector functions including extravasation, degranulation, phagocytosis and formation of neutrophil extracellular traps during normal physiological conditions and in innate immune-related diseases is discussed. We also highlight new technologies that are expected to further advance neutrophil glycobiology and briefly discuss the untapped diagnostic and therapeutic potential of neutrophil glycosylation that could open avenues to combat the increasingly prevalent innate immune disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Ugonotti
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia; Biomolecular Discovery Research Centre, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Sayantani Chatterjee
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia; Biomolecular Discovery Research Centre, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Morten Thaysen-Andersen
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia; Biomolecular Discovery Research Centre, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia.
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Fingerhut L, Dolz G, de Buhr N. What Is the Evolutionary Fingerprint in Neutrophil Granulocytes? Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E4523. [PMID: 32630520 PMCID: PMC7350212 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21124523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the years of evolution, thousands of different animal species have evolved. All these species require an immune system to defend themselves against invading pathogens. Nevertheless, the immune systems of different species are obviously counteracting against the same pathogen with different efficiency. Therefore, the question arises if the process that was leading to the clades of vertebrates in the animal kingdom-namely mammals, birds, amphibians, reptiles, and fish-was also leading to different functions of immune cells. One cell type of the innate immune system that is transmigrating as first line of defense in infected tissue and counteracts against pathogens is the neutrophil granulocyte. During the host-pathogen interaction they can undergo phagocytosis, apoptosis, degranulation, and form neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). In this review, we summarize a wide spectrum of information about neutrophils in humans and animals, with a focus on vertebrates. Special attention is kept on the development, morphology, composition, and functions of these cells, but also on dysfunctions and options for cell culture or storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonie Fingerhut
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30559 Hannover, Germany;
- Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses (RIZ), University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30559 Hannover, Germany
- Clinic for Horses, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30559 Hannover, Germany
| | - Gaby Dolz
- Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad Nacional, Heredia 40104, Costa Rica;
| | - Nicole de Buhr
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30559 Hannover, Germany;
- Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses (RIZ), University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30559 Hannover, Germany
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