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Eysholdt-Derzsó E, Hause B, Sauter M, Schmidt-Schippers RR. Hypoxia reshapes Arabidopsis root architecture by integrating ERF-VII factor response and abscisic acid homoeostasis. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2024; 47:2879-2894. [PMID: 38616485 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Oxygen limitation (hypoxia), arising as a key stress factor due to flooding, negatively affects plant development. Consequently, maintaining root growth under such stress is crucial for plant survival, yet we know little about the root system's adaptions to low-oxygen conditions and its regulation by phytohormones. In this study, we examine the impact of hypoxia and, herein, the regulatory role of group VII ETHYLENE-RESPONSE FACTOR (ERFVII) transcription factors on root growth in Arabidopsis. We found lateral root (LR) elongation to be actively maintained by hypoxia via ERFVII factors, as erfVII seedlings possess hypersensitivity towards hypoxia regarding their LR growth. Pharmacological inhibition of abscisic acid (ABA) biosynthesis revealed ERFVII-driven counteraction of hypoxia-induced inhibition of LR formation in an ABA-dependent manner. However, postemergence LR growth under hypoxia mediated by ERFVIIs was independent of ABA. In roots, ERFVIIs mediate, among others, the induction of ABA-degrading ABA 8'-hydroxylases CYP707A1 expression. RAP2.12 could activate the pCYC707A1:LUC reporter gene, indicating, combined with single mutant analyses, that this transcription factor regulates ABA levels through corresponding transcript upregulation. Collectively, hypoxia-induced adaptation of the Arabidopsis root system is shaped by developmental reprogramming, whereby ERFVII-dependent promotion of LR emergence, but not elongation, is partly executed through regulation of ABA degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bettina Hause
- Department of Cell and Metabolic Biology, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Halle, Germany
| | - Margret Sauter
- Plant Developmental Biology and Plant Physiology, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Romy R Schmidt-Schippers
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, University of Bielefeld, Institute of Biology, Bielefeld, Germany
- Center for Biotechnology, University of Bielefeld, Bielefeld, Germany
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2
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Rubilar-Hernández C, Álvarez-Maldini C, Pizarro L, Figueroa F, Villalobos-González L, Pimentel P, Fiore N, Pinto M. Nitric Oxide Mitigates the Deleterious Effects Caused by Infection of Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae and Modulates the Carbon Assimilation Process in Sweet Cherry under Water Stress. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1361. [PMID: 38794433 PMCID: PMC11125257 DOI: 10.3390/plants13101361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Bacterial canker is an important disease of sweet cherry plants mainly caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae (Pss). Water deficit profoundly impairs the yield of this crop. Nitric oxide (NO) is a molecule that plays an important role in the plant defense mechanisms. To evaluate the protection exerted by NO against Pss infection under normal or water-restricted conditions, sodium nitroprusside (SNP), a NO donor, was applied to sweet cherry plants cv. Lapins, before they were exposed to Pss infection under normal or water-restricted conditions throughout two seasons. Well-watered plants treated with exogenous NO presented a lower susceptibility to Pss. A lower susceptibility to Pss was also induced in plants by water stress and this effect was increased when water stress was accompanied by exogenous NO. The lower susceptibility to Pss induced either by exogenous NO or water stress was accompanied by a decrease in the internal bacterial population. In well-watered plants, exogenous NO increased the stomatal conductance and the net CO2 assimilation. In water-stressed plants, NO induced an increase in the leaf membranes stability and proline content, but not an increase in the CO2 assimilation or the stomatal conductance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Rubilar-Hernández
- Laboratorio de Inmunidad Vegetal, Instituto de Ciencias Agroalimentarias, Animales y Ambientales, Universidad de O’Higgins, San Fernando 3070000, Chile; (C.R.-H.); (L.P.); (F.F.)
| | - Carolina Álvarez-Maldini
- Instituto de Ciencias Agroalimentarias, Animales y Ambientales, Universidad de O’Higgins, San Fernando 3070000, Chile;
- Departamento de Silvicultura, Facultad de Ciencias Forestales, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4070374, Chile
| | - Lorena Pizarro
- Laboratorio de Inmunidad Vegetal, Instituto de Ciencias Agroalimentarias, Animales y Ambientales, Universidad de O’Higgins, San Fernando 3070000, Chile; (C.R.-H.); (L.P.); (F.F.)
- Centro UOH de Biología de Sistemas Para la Sanidad Vegetal, Universidad de O’Higgins, San Fernando 3070000, Chile
| | - Franco Figueroa
- Laboratorio de Inmunidad Vegetal, Instituto de Ciencias Agroalimentarias, Animales y Ambientales, Universidad de O’Higgins, San Fernando 3070000, Chile; (C.R.-H.); (L.P.); (F.F.)
| | | | - Paula Pimentel
- Centro de Estudios Avanzados en Fruticultura (CEAF), Rengo 2940000, Chile; (L.V.-G.); (P.P.)
| | - Nicola Fiore
- Departamento de Sanidad Vegetal, Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8820808, Chile;
| | - Manuel Pinto
- Instituto de Ciencias Agroalimentarias, Animales y Ambientales, Universidad de O’Higgins, San Fernando 3070000, Chile;
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Samota MK, Awana M, Krishnan V, Kumar S, Tyagi A, Pandey R, Mithra SVA, Singh A. A novel micronutrients and methyl jasmonate cocktail of elicitors via seed priming improves drought tolerance by mitigating oxidative stress in rice (Oryza sativa L.). PROTOPLASMA 2024; 261:553-570. [PMID: 38159129 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-023-01914-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Drought is a major limiting factor for rice (Oryza sativa L.) production globally, and a cost-effective seed priming technique using bio-elicitors has been found to have stress mitigating effects. Till date, mostly phytohormones have been preferred as bio-elicitors, but the present study is a novel attempt to demonstrate the favorable role of micronutrients-phytohormone cocktail, i.e., iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), and methyl jasmonate (MJ) via seed priming method in mitigating the deleterious impacts of drought stress through physio-biochemical and molecular manifestations. The effect of cocktail/priming was studied on the relative water content, chlorophyll a/b and carotenoid contents, proline content, abscisic acid (ABA) content, and on the activities of ascorbate peroxidase (APX), superoxide dismutase (SOD), NADPH oxidase (Nox), and catalase (CAT). The expressions of drought-responsive genes OsZn-SOD, OsFe-SOD, and Nox1 were found to be modulated under drought stress in contrasting rice genotypes -N-22 (Nagina-22, drought-tolerant) and PS-5 (Pusa Sugandh-5, drought-sensitive). A progressive rise in carotenoids (10-19%), ABA (18-50%), proline (60-80%), activities of SOD (27-62%), APX (46-61%), CAT (50-80%), Nox (16-30%), and upregulated (0.9-1.6-fold) expressions of OsZn-SOD, OsFe-SOD, and Nox1 genes were found in the primed plants under drought condition. This cocktail would serve as a potential supplement in modern agricultural practices utilizing seed priming technique to mitigate drought stress-induced oxidative burst in food crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahesh Kumar Samota
- Division of Biochemistry, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi-110012, India
- HCP-Division, ICAR-CIPHET, Abohar, Punjab-152116, India
| | - Monika Awana
- Division of Biochemistry, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi-110012, India
| | - Veda Krishnan
- Division of Biochemistry, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi-110012, India
| | - Suresh Kumar
- Division of Biochemistry, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi-110012, India
| | - Aruna Tyagi
- Division of Biochemistry, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi-110012, India
| | - Rakesh Pandey
- Division of Plant Physiology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi-110012, India
| | - S V Amitha Mithra
- ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, New Delhi-110012, India
| | - Archana Singh
- Division of Biochemistry, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi-110012, India.
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Han A, Wang C, Li J, Xu L, Guo X, Li W, Zhou F, Liu R. Physiological mechanism of sodium salicylate and folcisteine on alleviating salt stress in wheat seedlings. Sci Rep 2023; 13:22869. [PMID: 38129459 PMCID: PMC10739812 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-49629-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Soil salinization substantially hampers the growth and development of wheat, potentially leading to plant death in severe cases, thus reducing grain yield and quality. This phenomenon poses a significant threat to food security in China. We investigated the effects of two exogenous plant growth regulators, sodium salicylate and folcisteine, on the wheat physiology and key characteristics under salt stress using hydroponics method. The results indicated that both regulators effectively mitigated the growth inhibition of wheat under salt stress. We assessed morphological and physiological indexes, including antioxidant enzyme activities (superoxide dismutase [SOD], catalase [CAT], peroxidase [POD]) and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration in wheat after foliar application of sodium salicylate and folcisteine under salt stress. The findings revealed that sodium salicylate was more effective than folcisteine. However, folcisteine showed superior performance in reducing hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) content and superoxide anion (O2-) level compared to sodium salicylate. Simultaneously, Concurrent application of both regulators synergistically enhanced their efficacy, yielding the most favorable outcomes. In addition, this study noted that while the initial effects of these regulators were not pronounced, their sustained application significantly improved wheat growth in stressful condition and alleviated the detrimental impacts of salt stress. This approach could effectively guarantee the food security and production in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aohui Han
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Creation and Pesticide Residue Monitoring By Intelligent Sensor, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, China
- Baiquan Institute of Advanced Agricultural Technology, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Cuiling Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Jingchong Li
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Creation and Pesticide Residue Monitoring By Intelligent Sensor, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Li Xu
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Creation and Pesticide Residue Monitoring By Intelligent Sensor, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, China
- Baiquan Institute of Advanced Agricultural Technology, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Xiaoyan Guo
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Creation and Pesticide Residue Monitoring By Intelligent Sensor, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, China
- Baiquan Institute of Advanced Agricultural Technology, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Weiguo Li
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Creation and Pesticide Residue Monitoring By Intelligent Sensor, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, China
- Baiquan Institute of Advanced Agricultural Technology, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Feng Zhou
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Creation and Pesticide Residue Monitoring By Intelligent Sensor, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, China.
- Baiquan Institute of Advanced Agricultural Technology, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, China.
| | - Runqiang Liu
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Creation and Pesticide Residue Monitoring By Intelligent Sensor, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, China.
- Baiquan Institute of Advanced Agricultural Technology, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, China.
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5
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Li C, Feng Y, Tian P, Yu X. Mathematical Estimation of Endogenous Proline as a Bioindicator to Regulate the Stress of Trivalent Chromium on Rice Plants Grown in Different Nitrogenous Conditions. TOXICS 2023; 11:803. [PMID: 37888654 PMCID: PMC10611392 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11100803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
The accumulation of proline impacts the defense mechanisms of plants against the harmful effects of adverse environmental conditions; however, its concentration in plants is associated with the metabolism of N. Therefore, the effects of exogenous organic [glutamate (Glu)/arginine (Arg)] and inorganic [nitrate (NO3-)/ammonium (NH4+)] N on the accumulation of proline (Pro) in rice plants under trivalent chromium [Cr(III)] stress were studied through using the mass balance matrix model (MBMM). Application of 'NH4+' showed the largest contribution to the Pro content in rice shoots under different concentrations of Cr(III), followed by 'NO3-', 'Arg', and 'Glu' applications. On the other hand, 'Arg' application displayed the largest contribution to the Pro content in roots under Cr(III) stress, followed by 'NH4+', 'Glu', and 'NO3-' applications. The combined application of 'NH4++Arg' showed the greatest contribution to the Pro content in both roots and shoots of Cr(III)-treated rice seedlings, while the application of 'NO3-+Glu' showed the least contribution to the Pro content in rice seedlings. The current study indicated that the endogenous level of Pro in rice seedlings is quite sensitive to Cr(III) stress under different N sources, and the mathematical modeling showed a reliable result while estimating the relationship between Pro content and N source application.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Xiaozhang Yu
- College of Environmental Science & Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China (Y.F.)
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6
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Wang B, Wang YH, Deng YJ, Yao QH, Xiong AS. Effect of betanin synthesis on photosynthesis and tyrosine metabolism in transgenic carrot. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:402. [PMID: 37620775 PMCID: PMC10464428 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04383-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Betalain is a natural pigment with important nutritional value and broad application prospects. Previously, we produced betanin biosynthesis transgenic carrots via expressing optimized genes CYP76AD1S, cDOPA5GTS and DODA1S. Betanin can accumulate throughout the whole transgenic carrots. But the effects of betanin accumulation on the metabolism of transgenic plants and whether it produces unexpected effects are still unclear. RESULTS The accumulation of betanin in leaves can significantly improve its antioxidant capacity and induce a decrease of chlorophyll content. Transcriptome and metabolomics analysis showed that 14.0% of genes and 33.1% of metabolites were significantly different, and metabolic pathways related to photosynthesis and tyrosine metabolism were markedly altered. Combined analysis showed that phenylpropane biosynthesis pathway significantly enriched the differentially expressed genes and significantly altered metabolites. CONCLUSIONS Results showed that the metabolic status was significantly altered between transgenic and non-transgenic carrots, especially the photosynthesis and tyrosine metabolism. The extra consumption of tyrosine and accumulation of betanin might be the leading causes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding, Biotechnology Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Science, Shanghai, 201106, China
| | - Ya-Hui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yuan-Jie Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Quan-Hong Yao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding, Biotechnology Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Science, Shanghai, 201106, China.
| | - Ai-Sheng Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
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7
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Long Q, Qiu S, Man J, Ren D, Xu N, Luo R. OsAAI1 Increases Rice Yield and Drought Tolerance Dependent on ABA-Mediated Regulatory and ROS Scavenging Pathway. RICE (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2023; 16:35. [PMID: 37535208 PMCID: PMC10400514 DOI: 10.1186/s12284-023-00650-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the function of OsAAI1 in yield and drought tolerance by constructing overexpression line OE-OsAAI1 and mutant line osaai1. Bioinformatics analysis showed that the AAI gene-OsAAI1- belongs to the HPS_like subfamily of the AAI_LTSS superfamily, and OsAAI1 was localized in the nucleus. The expression of OsAAI1 was significantly induced by ABA and drought stress. OsAAI1 overexpression (OE19) significantly increased, and gene mutant (osaai1-1) repressed plant height, primary root length, lateral root number, grain size and yield in rice. Moreover, physiological and biochemical analyses showed that osaai1 was sensitive to drought stress, while OE19 enhanced the drought tolerance in rice. DAB and NBT staining revealed that under drought treatment, osaai1 accumulated a large amount of ROS compared with the wild type, while OE19 accumulated the least, and CAT, APX, GPX, GR activities were higher in OE19 and lower in osaai1, suggesting that OE19 improves rice tolerance to drought stress by enhancing ROS scavenging ability. OE19 also induce the expression of ABA-mediated regulatory pathway genes and enhance accumulation of ABA content in rice seedling. Predictably, OE19 displayed enhanced sensitivity to ABA, and ROS accumulation was significantly higher than in wild type and osaai1 under 3 µM ABA treatment. Thus, these results suggest that OsAAI1 is a positive regulator of rice yield and drought tolerance dependent on the ABA-mediated regulatory and ROS scavenging pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Long
- Key laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Institute of Agro-bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Shichun Qiu
- Chongqing Three Gorges Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wanzhou, Chongqing City, 404155, China
| | - Jianmin Man
- Key laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Institute of Agro-bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Denghong Ren
- Key laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Institute of Agro-bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Ning Xu
- Key laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Institute of Agro-bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou Province, China.
| | - Rui Luo
- Key laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Institute of Agro-bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou Province, China.
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Martins TDS, Da-Silva CJ, Shimoia EP, Posso DA, Carvalho IR, de Oliveira ACB, do Amarante L. Nitrate supply decreases fermentation and alleviates oxidative and ionic stress in nitrogen-fixing soybean exposed to saline waterlogging. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2023; 50:416-433. [PMID: 37038091 DOI: 10.1071/fp22145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Nitrate (NO3 - ) nutrition is known to mitigate the damages caused by individual stresses of waterlogging and salinity. Here, we investigated the role of NO3 - in soybean plants exposed to these stresses in combination. Nodulated soybean cultivated under greenhouse conditions and daily fertilised with a nutrient solution without nitrogen were subjected to the following treatments: Water, NO3 - , NaCl, and NaCl+NO3 - . Then, plants were exposed to waterlogging (6days) and drainage (2days). Compared to plants exposed to isolated stress, the saline waterlogging resulted in higher concentrations of H2 O2 , O2 ˙- , and lipid peroxidation at the whole-plant level, mainly during drainage. Furthermore, saline waterlogging increased fermentation and the concentrations of Na+ and K+ in roots and leaves both during waterlogging and drainage. NO3 - supplementation led to augments in NO3 - and NO levels, and stimulated nitrate reductase activity in both organs. In addition, NO3 - nutrition alleviated oxidative stress and fermentation besides increasing the K+ /Na+ ratio in plants exposed to saline waterlogging. In conclusion, NO3 - supplementation is a useful strategy to help soybean plants overcome saline waterlogging stress. These findings are of high relevance for agriculture as soybean is an important commodity and has been cultivated in areas prone to saline waterlogging.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Douglas Antônio Posso
- Departamento de Botânica, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Capão do Leão 96160-000, Brazil
| | - Ivan Ricardo Carvalho
- Departamento de Estudos Agrários, Universidade Regional do Noroeste do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Ijuí 98700-000, Brazil
| | | | - Luciano do Amarante
- Departamento de Botânica, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Capão do Leão 96160-000, Brazil
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Kebert M, Kostić S, Stojnić S, Čapelja E, Markić AG, Zorić M, Kesić L, Flors V. A Fine-Tuning of the Plant Hormones, Polyamines and Osmolytes by Ectomycorrhizal Fungi Enhances Drought Tolerance in Pedunculate Oak. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087510. [PMID: 37108671 PMCID: PMC10139069 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The drought sensitivity of the pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.) poses a threat to its survival in light of climate change. Mycorrhizal fungi, which orchestrate biogeochemical cycles and particularly have an impact on the plant's defense mechanisms and metabolism of carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus, are among the microbes that play a significant role in the mitigation of the effects of climate change on trees. The study's main objectives were to determine whether ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi alleviate the effects of drought stress in pedunculate oak and to investigate their priming properties. The effects of two levels of drought (mild and severe, corresponding to 60% and 30% of field capacity, respectively) on the biochemical response of pedunculate oak were examined in the presence and absence of ectomycorrhizal fungi. To examine whether the ectomycorrhizal fungi modulate the drought tolerance of pedunculate oak, levels of plant hormones and polyamines were quantified using UPLC-TQS and HPLC-FD techniques in addition to gas exchange measurements and the main osmolyte amounts (glycine betaine-GB and proline-PRO) which were determined spectrophotometrically. Droughts increased the accumulation of osmolytes, such as proline and glycine betaine, as well as higher polyamines (spermidine and spermine) levels and decreased putrescine levels in both, mycorrhized and non-mycorrhized oak seedlings. In addition to amplifying the response of oak to severe drought in terms of inducible proline and abscisic acid (ABA) levels, inoculation with ECM fungi significantly increased the constitutive levels of glycine betaine, spermine, and spermidine regardless of drought stress. This study found that compared to non-mycorrhized oak seedlings, unstressed ECM-inoculated oak seedlings had higher levels of salicylic (SA) and abscisic acid (ABA) but not jasmonic acid (JA), indicating a priming mechanism of ECM is conveyed via these plant hormones. According to a PCA analysis, the effect of drought was linked to the variability of parameters along the PC1 axe, such as osmolytes PRO, GB, polyamines, and plant hormones such as JA, JA-Ile, SAG, and SGE, whereas mycorrhization was more closely associated with the parameters gathered around the PC2 axe (SA, ODPA, ABA, and E). These findings highlight the beneficial function of the ectomycorrhizal fungi, in particular Scleroderma citrinum, in reducing the effects of drought stress in pedunculate oak.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marko Kebert
- Institute of Lowland Forestry and Environment, University of Novi Sad, Antona Čehova 13d, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Saša Kostić
- Institute of Lowland Forestry and Environment, University of Novi Sad, Antona Čehova 13d, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Srđan Stojnić
- Institute of Lowland Forestry and Environment, University of Novi Sad, Antona Čehova 13d, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Eleonora Čapelja
- Faculty of Science, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Anđelina Gavranović Markić
- Division for Silviculture, Croatian Forest Research Institute, Cvjetno Naselje 41, 10450 Jastrebarsko, Croatia
| | - Martina Zorić
- Institute of Lowland Forestry and Environment, University of Novi Sad, Antona Čehova 13d, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Lazar Kesić
- Institute of Lowland Forestry and Environment, University of Novi Sad, Antona Čehova 13d, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Victor Flors
- Plant Immunity and Biochemistry Group, Department of Biology, Biochemistry, and Natural Sciences, Jaume I University, 12071 Castellón de la Plana, Spain
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Shuochen J, Lihe Z, Fenqin H, Xiangru T, Bin D. Zinc supplementation and light intensity affect 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline (2AP) formation in fragrant rice. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:194. [PMID: 37041465 PMCID: PMC10088174 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03954-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Improving the yield and aroma content of fragrant rice is the focus of fragrant rice research. Light and Zinc (Zn) management generally cause regulations in the 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline (2AP) accumulation in fragrant rice. In addition, Zn promotes rice growth and improves rice yield, which has the potential to compensate for the negative impact of low light on fragrant rice yield. However, the potential of Zn to improve fragrant rice yield and 2AP content under shading conditions has not been verified. METHODS Field experiments were conducted in the rice season (May-September) in 2019 to 2021. Two light i.e., normal light (NL) and low light (LL) and four Zn levels i.e., 0 kg Zn ha- 1 (N0), 1 kg Zn ha- 1 (Zn1), 2 kg Zn ha- 1(Zn2), and 3 kg Zn ha- 1 (Zn3), which applied at booting stage was set up. The grain yield, 2AP contents, Zn content in polished rice, photosynthesis related indicators, MDA content, antioxidant enzyme activity and the biochemical parameters related to 2AP formation were investigated. RESULTS Shading reduced yield by 8.74% and increased 2AP content by 24.37%. In addition, shading reduced net photosynthetic rate (Pn), superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT), and increased proline, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), and pyrroline-5-carboxylic acid (P5C), proline dehydrogenase (PDH), △1-pyrroline-5-carboxylic acid synthetase (P5CS), malondialdehyde (MDA). With increasing Zn application levels, yield, 2AP, Zn content in polished rice, Pn, proline, P5C, GABA, PDH, P5CS, SOD, CAT and POD increased, and MDA decreased. Significant Light and Zn interaction effect on 2AP content was detected, and both shading and increasing Zn application increased the 2AP content. CONCLUSION Shading can increase the 2AP content but reduce the yield of fragrant rice. Increasing Zn application under shading conditions can further promote the biosynthesis of 2AP, but the effect of improving yield is limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Shuochen
- College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhang Lihe
- Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, 434007, Guangdong, China
| | - Hu Fenqin
- College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China
| | - Tang Xiangru
- College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China
| | - Du Bin
- College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China.
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Ji HS, Hyun TK. Physiological and sucrose metabolic responses to waterlogging stress in balloon flower ( Platycodon grandiflorus ( Jacq.) A. DC). PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 29:591-600. [PMID: 37181045 PMCID: PMC10148697 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-023-01310-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Waterlogging stress is a major limiting factor resulting in stunted growth and loss of crop productivity, especially for root crops. However, physiological responses to waterlogging have been studied in only a few plant models. To gain insight into how balloon flower (Platycodon grandiflorus (Jacq.) A. DC) responds to waterlogging stress, we investigate changes to sucrose metabolism combined with a physiological analysis. Although waterlogging stress decreased the photosynthetic rate in balloon flower, leaves exhibited an increase in glucose (ninefold), fructose (4.7-fold), and sucrose (2.1-fold), indicating inhibition of sugar transport via the phloem. In addition, roots showed a typical response to hypoxia, such as the accumulation of proline (4.5-fold higher than in control roots) and soluble sugars (2.1-fold higher than in control roots). The activities and expression patterns of sucrose catabolizing enzymes suggest that waterlogging stress leads to a shift in the pathway of sucrose degradation from invertase to sucrose synthase (Susy), which consumes less ATP. Furthermore, we suggest that the waterlogging-stress-induced gene PlgSusy1 encodes the functional Susy enzyme, which may contribute to improving tolerance in balloon flower to waterlogging. As a first step toward understanding the waterlogging-induced regulatory mechanisms in balloon flower, we provide a solid foundation for further understanding waterlogging-induced alterations in source-sink relationships. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12298-023-01310-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo Seong Ji
- Department of Industrial Plant Science and Technology, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28644 Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Kyung Hyun
- Department of Industrial Plant Science and Technology, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28644 Republic of Korea
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12
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Deng L, Yang X, Qiu Y, Luo J, Wu H, Liu X, Zhao G, Gong H, Zheng X, Li J. Metabolic and molecular mechanisms underlying the foliar Zn application induced increase of 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline conferring the 'taro-like' aroma in pumpkin leaves. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1127032. [PMID: 36778711 PMCID: PMC9909474 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1127032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Fresh pumpkin leaf is popular vegetable for its rich nutrition. The pleasant taro-like odour is important aroma quality of crops, and mostly contributed by 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline in pumpkin. Element Zn can impact metabolite biosynthesis in plants, including aroma formation. However, Zn-induced biochemical responses, especially 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline formation in pumpkin, haven't been elucidated. METHODS This study integrated metabolome and transcriptome to explore molecular fluctuations in pumpkin leaves at different time intervals after foliar Zn treatment. RESULT AND DISCUSSION We first identified more than one thousand metabolites from pumpkin leaves by integrating different mass spectrometry methods according to the form in which a metabolite exists. Comparative metabolomic analysis revealed there were separately 25 out of 50 and 286 out of 963 metabolites that were respectively identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, differentially regulated by Zn treatment. Our findings revealed that 50mg/L of Zn significantly enhanced 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline production by more than 38%, which was contributed by increased biosynthesis of its precursors, including ornithine and proline. The following transcriptome analysis discovered 30,574 genes, including 953 novel genes. Zn treatment induced the differential expression of 41.6% of identified genes which were supposed to regulate the downstream metabolite changes in a time-dependent manner. Pathway analysis indicated that alternations in primary metabolism, including carbon metabolism and biosynthesis of amino acids, were vital to the fluctuated aromatic compound generation. Phytohormones and transcription factors may regulate the expression of gene P5CS and proline biosynthesis, which, therefore, affect 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline production. This research reveals molecular mechanisms of 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline formation in pumpkin, which will provide the molecular basis for desired aroma compound production through metabolite engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liting Deng
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for New Technology Research of Vegetables, Vegetable Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xian Yang
- College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuehan Qiu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for New Technology Research of Vegetables, Vegetable Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jianning Luo
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for New Technology Research of Vegetables, Vegetable Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Haibin Wu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for New Technology Research of Vegetables, Vegetable Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoxi Liu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for New Technology Research of Vegetables, Vegetable Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Gangjun Zhao
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for New Technology Research of Vegetables, Vegetable Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hao Gong
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for New Technology Research of Vegetables, Vegetable Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoming Zheng
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for New Technology Research of Vegetables, Vegetable Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Junxing Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for New Technology Research of Vegetables, Vegetable Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Transcriptomic Analysis of Distal Parts of Roots Reveals Potentially Important Mechanisms Contributing to Limited Flooding Tolerance of Canola ( Brassica napus) Plants. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415469. [PMID: 36555110 PMCID: PMC9779561 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Since most of the root metabolic activities as well as root elongation and the uptake of water and mineral nutrients take place in the distal parts of roots, we aimed to gain insight into the physiological and transcriptional changes induced by root hypoxia in the distal parts of roots in canola (Brassica napus) plants, which are relatively sensitive to flooding conditions. Plants were subject to three days of root hypoxia via lowering oxygen content in hydroponic medium, and various physiological and anatomical features were examined to characterize plant responses. Untargeted transcriptomic profiling approaches were also applied to investigate changes in gene expression that took place in the distal root tissues in response to hypoxia. Plants responded to three days of root hypoxia by reducing growth and gas exchange rates. These changes were accompanied by decreases in leaf water potential (Ψleaf) and root hydraulic conductivity (Lpr). Increased deposition of lignin and suberin was also observed in the root tissues of hypoxic plants. The transcriptomic data demonstrated that the effect of hypoxia on plant water relations involved downregulation of most BnPIPs in the root tissues with the exception of BnPIP1;3 and BnPIP2;7, which were upregulated. Since some members of the PIP1 subfamily of aquaporins are known to transport oxygen, the increase in BnPIP1;3 may represent an important hypoxia tolerance strategy in plants. The results also demonstrated substantial rearrangements of different signaling pathways and transcription factors (TFs), which resulted in alterations of genes involved in the regulation of Lpr, TCA (tricarboxylic acid) cycle-related enzymes, antioxidant enzymes, and cell wall modifications. An integration of these data enabled us to draft a comprehensive model of the molecular pathways involved in the responses of distal parts of roots in B. napus. The model highlights systematic transcriptomic reprogramming aimed at explaining the relative sensitivity of Brassica napus to root hypoxia.
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Ribeiro IM, Vinson CC, Coca GC, Ferreira CDS, Franco AC, Williams TCR. Differences in the metabolic and functional mechanisms used to tolerate flooding in Guazuma ulmifolia (Lam.) from flood-prone Amazonian and dry Cerrado savanna populations. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 42:2116-2132. [PMID: 35640151 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpac059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Flood tolerance is crucial to the survival of tree species subject to long periods of flooding, such as those present in the Amazonian várzea. Tolerance can be mediated by adjustments of metabolism, physiology and morphology, reinforcing the need to investigate the physiological and biochemical mechanisms used by tropical tree species to survive this stress. Moreover, such mechanisms may vary between populations that are subjected to differences in the frequency of flooding events. Here, we aimed to identify the mechanisms used by two populations of the tropical tree Guazuma ulmifolia (Lam.) to tolerate flooding: an Amazonian population frequently exposed to flooding and a Cerrado population, adapted to a dry environment. Young plants were subjected to a flooding of the roots and lower stem for 32 days, followed by 17 days of recovery. Amazonian plants exhibited greater increases in shoot length and higher maximum photosynthetic rate (Amax) compared with non-flooded plants from 7 days of flooding onwards, whereas increased Amax occurred later in flooded Cerrado plants and was not accompanied by increased shoot length. Lactate accumulated in roots of Cerrado plants after 24 h flooding, together with transcripts coding for lactate dehydrogenase in roots of both Cerrado and Amazonian plants. After 7 days of flooding, lactate decreased and alcohol dehydrogenase activity increased transiently, together with concentrations of alanine, γ-aminobutyric acid and succinate, indicating activation of metabolic processes associated with low oxygen availability. Other amino acids also increased in flooded Cerrado plants, revealing more extensive metabolic changes than in Amazonian plants. Wetland and dryland populations of G. ulmifolia revealed the great capacity to tolerate flooding stress through a suite of alterations in photosynthetic gas exchange and metabolism. However, the integrated physiological, biochemical and molecular analyses realized here indicated that wetland plants acclimatized more efficiently with increased shoot elongation and more rapid restoration of normal metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isadora M Ribeiro
- Department of Botany, University of Brasília, Institute of Biological Sciences, Campus Darcy Ribeiro, Asa Norte, Brasília DF 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Christina C Vinson
- Department of Botany, University of Brasília, Institute of Biological Sciences, Campus Darcy Ribeiro, Asa Norte, Brasília DF 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Guilherme C Coca
- Department of Botany, University of Brasília, Institute of Biological Sciences, Campus Darcy Ribeiro, Asa Norte, Brasília DF 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Cristiane da S Ferreira
- Department of Botany, University of Brasília, Institute of Biological Sciences, Campus Darcy Ribeiro, Asa Norte, Brasília DF 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Augusto C Franco
- Department of Botany, University of Brasília, Institute of Biological Sciences, Campus Darcy Ribeiro, Asa Norte, Brasília DF 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Thomas C R Williams
- Department of Botany, University of Brasília, Institute of Biological Sciences, Campus Darcy Ribeiro, Asa Norte, Brasília DF 70910-900, Brazil
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Raza A, Salehi H, Rahman MA, Zahid Z, Madadkar Haghjou M, Najafi-Kakavand S, Charagh S, Osman HS, Albaqami M, Zhuang Y, Siddique KHM, Zhuang W. Plant hormones and neurotransmitter interactions mediate antioxidant defenses under induced oxidative stress in plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:961872. [PMID: 36176673 PMCID: PMC9514553 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.961872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Due to global climate change, abiotic stresses are affecting plant growth, productivity, and the quality of cultivated crops. Stressful conditions disrupt physiological activities and suppress defensive mechanisms, resulting in stress-sensitive plants. Consequently, plants implement various endogenous strategies, including plant hormone biosynthesis (e.g., abscisic acid, jasmonic acid, salicylic acid, brassinosteroids, indole-3-acetic acid, cytokinins, ethylene, gibberellic acid, and strigolactones) to withstand stress conditions. Combined or single abiotic stress disrupts the normal transportation of solutes, causes electron leakage, and triggers reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, creating oxidative stress in plants. Several enzymatic and non-enzymatic defense systems marshal a plant's antioxidant defenses. While stress responses and the protective role of the antioxidant defense system have been well-documented in recent investigations, the interrelationships among plant hormones, plant neurotransmitters (NTs, such as serotonin, melatonin, dopamine, acetylcholine, and γ-aminobutyric acid), and antioxidant defenses are not well explained. Thus, this review discusses recent advances in plant hormones, transgenic and metabolic developments, and the potential interaction of plant hormones with NTs in plant stress response and tolerance mechanisms. Furthermore, we discuss current challenges and future directions (transgenic breeding and genome editing) for metabolic improvement in plants using modern molecular tools. The interaction of plant hormones and NTs involved in regulating antioxidant defense systems, molecular hormone networks, and abiotic-induced oxidative stress tolerance in plants are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Raza
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Oil Crops Research Institute, Center of Legume Crop Genetics and Systems Biology/College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Hajar Salehi
- Laboratory of Plant Cell Biology, Department of Biology, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Md Atikur Rahman
- Grassland and Forage Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Cheonan, South Korea
| | - Zainab Zahid
- Institute of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Maryam Madadkar Haghjou
- Department of Biology, Plant Physiology, Faculty of Science, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Shiva Najafi-Kakavand
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Sidra Charagh
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hany S. Osman
- Department of Agricultural Botany, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohammed Albaqami
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yuhui Zhuang
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | | | - Weijian Zhuang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Oil Crops Research Institute, Center of Legume Crop Genetics and Systems Biology/College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
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Jadoon S, Qin Q, Shi W, Longfeng Y, Hou S. Rice protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunits OsINH2 and OsINH3 participate actively in growth and adaptive responses under abscisic acid. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:990575. [PMID: 36186070 PMCID: PMC9521630 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.990575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Rice (Oryza sativa L.), a worldwide staple food crop, is affected by various environmental stressors that ultimately reduce yield. However, diversified physiological and molecular responses enable it to cope with adverse factors. It includes the integration of numerous signaling in which protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) plays a pivotal role. Research on PP1 has been mostly limited to the PP1 catalytic subunit in numerous cellular progressions. Therefore, we focused on the role of PP1 regulatory subunits (PP1r), OsINH2 and OsINH3, homologs of AtINH2 and AtINH3 in Arabidopsis, in rice growth and stress adaptations. Our observations revealed that these are ubiquitously expressed regulatory subunits that interacted and colocalized with their counter partners, type 1 protein phosphatase (OsTOPPs) but could not change their subcellular localization. The mutation in OsINH2 and OsINH3 reduced pollen viability, thereby affected rice fertility. They were involved in abscisic acid (ABA)-mediated inhibition of seed germination, perhaps by interacting with osmotic stress/ABA-activated protein kinases (OsSAPKs). Meanwhile, they positively participated in osmotic adjustment by proline biosynthesis, detoxifying reactive oxygen species (ROS) through peroxidases (POD), reducing malondialdehyde formation (MDA), and regulating stress-responsive genes. Moreover, their co-interaction proposed they might mediate cellular processes together or by co-regulation; however, the special behavior of two different PP1r is needed to explore. In a nutshell, this research enlightened the involvement of OsINH2 and OsINH3 in the reproductive growth of rice and adaptive strategies under stress. Hence, their genetic interaction with ABA components and deep mechanisms underlying osmotic regulation and ROS adjustment would explain their role in complex signaling. This research offers the basis for introducing stress-resistant crops.
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Tarchevsky IA, Egorova AM. Participation of Proline in Plant Adaptation to Stress Factors and Its Application in Agrobiotechnology (Review). APPL BIOCHEM MICRO+ 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s0003683822040160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Alternate gene expression profiling of monoterpenes in Hymenocrater longiflorus as a novel pharmaceutical plant under water deficit. Sci Rep 2022; 12:4084. [PMID: 35260740 PMCID: PMC8904481 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-08062-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Hymenocrater longiflorus (surahalala) is a wild plant species with potential pharmaceutical and ornamental interest. To date, the genomics of this plant is unknown and the gene expression profiling of the genes related to its metabolite has never been studied before. In order to study the responses of in vitro-grown surahalala plants to abiotic stresses and the differential expression of the genes related to its essential oils under exogenous proline application; three levels of PEG600 (0, 10, and 20%) and five levels of proline (0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 µm) were combined in the culture media. Thus, water deficit increased oxidants levels and decreased fresh weight of surahalala tissues, whereas addition of proline up to 15 µm was able to relatively compensate the negative effect of water deficit. Contrarily, high proline level (20 µm) had a negative effect on surahalala plants probably due to the stress simulation (nutrition) under high proline concentration. In addition, the best combination for achieving highest essential oils content was 10 µm proline plus 10% PEG. The expressional profiling of the genes TPS27, L3H, TPS2, TPS1, OMT and GDH3 were successfully carried out and their involvement in 1,8-cineole, carvone, α-pinene, thymol, estragole and β-Citronellol biosynthesis, respectively, was verified. In addition, our results indicated that these genes could also be involved in the synthesis of other metabolites under water deficit condition.
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Ghosh TK, Tompa NH, Rahman MM, Mohi-Ud-Din M, Al-Meraj SMZ, Biswas MS, Mostofa MG. Acclimation of liverwort Marchantia polymorpha to physiological drought reveals important roles of antioxidant enzymes, proline and abscisic acid in land plant adaptation to osmotic stress. PeerJ 2021; 9:e12419. [PMID: 34824915 PMCID: PMC8590393 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.12419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Liverwort Marchantia polymorpha is considered as the key species for addressing a myriad of questions in plant biology. Exploration of drought tolerance mechanism(s) in this group of land plants offers a platform to identify the early adaptive mechanisms involved in drought tolerance. The current study aimed at elucidating the drought acclimation mechanisms in liverwort’s model M. polymorpha. The gemmae, asexual reproductive units of M. polymorpha, were exposed to sucrose (0.2 M), mannitol (0.5 M) and polyethylene glycol (PEG, 10%) for inducing physiological drought to investigate their effects at morphological, physiological and biochemical levels. Our results showed that drought exposure led to extreme growth inhibition, disruption of membrane stability and reduction in photosynthetic pigment contents in M. polymorpha. The increased accumulation of hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde, and the rate of electrolyte leakage in the gemmalings of M. polymorpha indicated an evidence of drought-caused oxidative stress. The gemmalings showed significant induction of the activities of key antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, dehydroascorbate reductase and glutathione S-transferase, and total antioxidant activity in response to increased oxidative stress under drought. Importantly, to counteract the drought effects, the gemmalings also accumulated a significant amount of proline, which coincided with the evolutionary presence of proline biosynthesis gene Δ1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthase 1 (P5CS1) in land plants. Furthermore, the application of exogenous abscisic acid (ABA) reduced drought-induced tissue damage and improved the activities of antioxidant enzymes and accumulation of proline, implying an archetypal role of this phytohormone in M. polymorpha for drought tolerance. We conclude that physiological drought tolerance mechanisms governed by the cellular antioxidants, proline and ABA were adopted in liverwort M. polymorpha, and that these findings have important implications in aiding our understanding of osmotic stress acclimation processes in land plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Totan Kumar Ghosh
- Department of Crop Botany, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh
| | - Naznin Haque Tompa
- Department of Crop Botany, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh
| | - Md Mezanur Rahman
- Institute of Genomics for Crop Abiotic Stress Tolerance, Department of Plant and Soil Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas, United States
| | - Mohammed Mohi-Ud-Din
- Department of Crop Botany, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh
| | - S M Zubair Al-Meraj
- Department of Crop Botany, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh
| | - Md Sanaullah Biswas
- Department of Horticulture, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Golam Mostofa
- Institute of Genomics for Crop Abiotic Stress Tolerance, Department of Plant and Soil Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas, United States.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh
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Zhang Q, Song T, Guan C, Gao Y, Ma J, Gu X, Qi Z, Wang X, Zhu Z. OsANN4 modulates ROS production and mediates Ca 2+ influx in response to ABA. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 21:474. [PMID: 34663209 PMCID: PMC8522085 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-021-03248-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plant annexins are calcium- and lipid-binding proteins that have multiple functions, and a significant amount of research on plant annexins has been reported in recent years. However, the functions of annexins in diverse biological processes in rice are largely unclear. RESULTS Herein, we report that OsANN4, a calcium-binding rice annexin protein, was induced by abscisic acid (ABA). Under ABA treatment, the plants in which OsANN4 was knocked down by RNA interference showed some visible phenotypic changes compared to the wild type, such as a lower rooting rate and shorter shoot and root lengths. Moreover, the superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities of the RNAi lines were significantly lower and further resulted in higher accumulation of O2.- and H2O2 than those of the wild-type. A Non-invasive Micro-test Technology (NMT) assay showed that ABA-induced net Ca2+ influx was inhibited in OsANN4 knockdown plants. Interestingly, the phenotypic differences caused by ABA were eliminated in the presence of LaCl3 (Ca2+ channel inhibitor). Apart from this, we demonstrated that OsCDPK24 interacted with and phosphorylated OsANN4. When the phosphorylated serine residue of OsANN4 was substituted by alanine, the interaction between OsANN4 and OsCDPK24 was still observed, however, both the conformation of OsANN4 and its binding activity with Ca2+ might be changed. CONCLUSIONS OsANN4 plays a crucial role in the ABA response, partially by modulating ROS production, mediating Ca2+ influx or interacting with OsCDPK24.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling, Shijiazhuang, 050024, China
| | - Tao Song
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling, Shijiazhuang, 050024, China
| | - Can Guan
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling, Shijiazhuang, 050024, China
| | - Yingjie Gao
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling, Shijiazhuang, 050024, China
| | - Jianchao Ma
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling, Shijiazhuang, 050024, China
| | - Xiangyang Gu
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling, Shijiazhuang, 050024, China
| | - Zhiguang Qi
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling, Shijiazhuang, 050024, China
| | - Xiaoji Wang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling, Shijiazhuang, 050024, China
| | - Zhengge Zhu
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling, Shijiazhuang, 050024, China.
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21
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Saha I, Hasanuzzaman M, Adak MK. Abscisic acid priming regulates arsenite toxicity in two contrasting rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes through differential functioning of sub1A quantitative trait loci. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 287:117586. [PMID: 34426386 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Arsenite [As(III)] toxicity causes impeded growth, inadequate productivity of plants and toxicity through the food chain. Using various chemical residues for priming is one of the approaches in conferring arsenic tolerance in crops. We investigated the mechanism of abscisic acid (ABA)-induced As(III) tolerance in rice genotypes (cv. Swarna and Swarna Sub1) pretreated with 10 μM of ABA for 24 h and transferred into 0, 25 and 50 μM arsenic for 10 days. Plants showed a dose-dependent bioaccumulation of As(III), oxidative stress indicators like superoxide, hydrogen peroxide, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and the activity of lipoxygenase. As(III) had disrupted cellular redox that reflecting growth indices like net assimilation rate, relative growth rate, specific leaf weight, leaf mass ratio, relative water content, proline, delta-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase and electrolyte leakage. ABA priming was more protective in cv. Swarna Sub1 than Swarna for retrieval of total glutathione pool, non-protein thiols, cysteine, phytochelatin and glutathione reductase. Phosphate metabolisms were significantly curtailed irrespective of genotypes where ABA had moderated phosphate uptake and its metabolizing enzymes like acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase and H+/ATPase. Rice seedlings had regulated antioxidative potential with the varied polymorphic expression of those enzymes markedly with antioxidative enzymes. The results have given the possible cellular and physiological traits those may interact with ABA priming in the establishment of plant tolerance with As(III) over accumulation and, thereby, its amelioration for oxidative damages. Finally, cv. Swarna Sub1 was identified as a rice genotype as a candidate for breeding program for sustainability against As(III) stress with cellular and physiological traits serving better for selection pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Indraneel Saha
- Plant Physiology and Plant Molecular Biology Research Unit, Department of Botany, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, 74 1235, Nadia, W.B., India
| | - Mirza Hasanuzzaman
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh.
| | - Malay Kumar Adak
- Plant Physiology and Plant Molecular Biology Research Unit, Department of Botany, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, 74 1235, Nadia, W.B., India
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León J, Castillo MC, Gayubas B. The hypoxia-reoxygenation stress in plants. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2021; 72:5841-5856. [PMID: 33367851 PMCID: PMC8355755 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Plants are very plastic in adapting growth and development to changing adverse environmental conditions. This feature will be essential for plants to survive climate changes characterized by extreme temperatures and rainfall. Although plants require molecular oxygen (O2) to live, they can overcome transient low-O2 conditions (hypoxia) until return to standard 21% O2 atmospheric conditions (normoxia). After heavy rainfall, submerged plants in flooded lands undergo transient hypoxia until water recedes and normoxia is recovered. The accumulated information on the physiological and molecular events occurring during the hypoxia phase contrasts with the limited knowledge on the reoxygenation process after hypoxia, which has often been overlooked in many studies in plants. Phenotypic alterations during recovery are due to potentiated oxidative stress generated by simultaneous reoxygenation and reillumination leading to cell damage. Besides processes such as N-degron proteolytic pathway-mediated O2 sensing, or mitochondria-driven metabolic alterations, other molecular events controlling gene expression have been recently proposed as key regulators of hypoxia and reoxygenation. RNA regulatory functions, chromatin remodeling, protein synthesis, and post-translational modifications must all be studied in depth in the coming years to improve our knowledge on hypoxia-reoxygenation transition in plants, a topic with relevance in agricultural biotechnology in the context of global climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- José León
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas – Universidad Politécnica de Valencia), Valencia, Spain
- Correspondence:
| | - Mari Cruz Castillo
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas – Universidad Politécnica de Valencia), Valencia, Spain
| | - Beatriz Gayubas
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas – Universidad Politécnica de Valencia), Valencia, Spain
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Zdunek-Zastocka E, Grabowska A, Michniewska B, Orzechowski S. Proline Concentration and Its Metabolism Are Regulated in a Leaf Age Dependent Manner But Not by Abscisic Acid in Pea Plants Exposed to Cadmium Stress. Cells 2021; 10:946. [PMID: 33923901 PMCID: PMC8073832 DOI: 10.3390/cells10040946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The accumulation of proline is one of the defense mechanisms of plants against the harmful effects of adverse environmental conditions; however, when pea plants were treated for 12 h with CdCl2, the proline concentration decreased in the youngest A (not expanded) and B1 (expanded) leaves, and did not change significantly in the B2 (mature, expanded) or C (the oldest) leaves. After 24 h of cadmium (Cd) stress, the proline concentration remained low in A and B1 leaves, while in B2 and C leaves, it increased, and after 48 h, an increase in the proline concentration in the leaves at each stage of development was observed. The role of proline in the different phases of plant response to the Cd treatment is discussed. Changes in proline accumulation corresponded closely with changes in the transcript levels of PsP5CS2, a gene encoding D1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase involved in proline synthesis, and PsPDH1, a gene encoding proline dehydrogenase engaged in proline degradation. CdCl2 application induced the expression of PsProT1 and PsProT2, genes encoding proline transporters, especially during the first 12 h of treatment in A and B1 leaves. When the time courses of abscisic acid (ABA) and proline accumulation were compared, it was concluded that an increase in the proline concentration in the leaves of Cd-treated pea plants was more related to a decrease in chlorophyll concentration (leaves B2 and C) and an increase in the malondialdehyde level (A and B1 leaves) than with an increase in ABA concentration alone. Exogenous application of ABA (0.5, 5, 50 µM) significantly increased the proline concentration in the A leaves of pea plants only, and was accompanied by an elevated and repressed expression of PsP5CS2 and PsPDH1 in these leaves, respectively. The presented results suggest that under Cd stress, the accumulation of proline in leaves of pea plants may take place independently of the ABA signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edyta Zdunek-Zastocka
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences—SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland; (A.G.); (B.M.); (S.O.)
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24
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Wu J, Huang R, Zhou Q, Lu H, Li F, Wu K, Li Z. Magnetic biochar reduces phosphorus uptake by Phragmites australis during heavy metal remediation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 758:143643. [PMID: 33246719 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic biochar has been widely used in the removal of aquatic pollutants due to its strong adsorption capacity and recyclability. However, the nutrient deficiency caused by magnetic biochar reduces plant performance and limits its use. The effects of magnetic biochar (derived from either eucalyptus wood or pig manure compost) on soil Cd, Zn, and Pb bioavailability to Phragmites australis L. (reed) and soil microbial community were investigated in a pot experiment. We also examined treatments of magnetic biochar with P supplementation and unmodified biochar with Fe addition to elucidate the mechanism by which magnetic biochar affects plant growth. We found that the addition of magnetic biochar significantly reduced the concentrations of available heavy metals in soil and inhibited heavy metal uptake by reeds. It also promoted the formation of iron plaque on reed roots to inhibit metal translocation. However, compared to unmodified biochar, magnetic biochar reduced reed performance, as indicated by the reduced plant biomass and photosynthetic ability, and it also reduced the biomass of soil bacteria and fungi. This was due to the interception of P by the iron plaque and the reduced concentration of soil available P. Collectively, although magnetic biochar exhibited a strong potential for heavy metal remediation, P supplementation is recommended to maintain plant performance and soil health when applying magnetic biochar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingtao Wu
- Tourism Development Research Center of Sichuan, School of Tourism, Leshan Normal University, Leshan 614000, PR China; Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, PR China
| | - Rong Huang
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, PR China
| | - Qingqiu Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, PR China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Plant Reproductive Adaption and Evolutionary Ecology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, PR China
| | - Huanping Lu
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, PR China; Guangdong Ecological Meteorology Center, Guangzhou 510080, PR China
| | - Feng Li
- College of Chemistry & Biology and Environmental Engineering, Xiangnan University, Chenzhou 423043, Hunan, PR China; Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, PR China.
| | - Kejun Wu
- Tourism Development Research Center of Sichuan, School of Tourism, Leshan Normal University, Leshan 614000, PR China; Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, PR China.
| | - Zhian Li
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, PR China
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Qiao F, Yang X, Xu F, Huang Y, Zhang J, Song M, Zhou S, Zhang M, He D. TMT-based quantitative proteomic analysis reveals defense mechanism of wheat against the crown rot pathogen Fusarium pseudograminearum. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 21:82. [PMID: 33557748 PMCID: PMC7869478 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-021-02853-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fusarium crown rot is major disease in wheat. However, the wheat defense mechanisms against this disease remain poorly understood. RESULTS Using tandem mass tag (TMT) quantitative proteomics, we evaluated a disease-susceptible (UC1110) and a disease-tolerant (PI610750) wheat cultivar inoculated with Fusarium pseudograminearum WZ-8A. The morphological and physiological results showed that the average root diameter and malondialdehyde content in the roots of PI610750 decreased 3 days post-inoculation (dpi), while the average number of root tips increased. Root vigor was significantly increased in both cultivars, indicating that the morphological, physiological, and biochemical responses of the roots to disease differed between the two cultivars. TMT analysis showed that 366 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were identified by Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment in the two comparison groups, UC1110_3dpi/UC1110_0dpi (163) and PI610750_3dpi/PI610750_0dpi (203). It may be concluded that phenylpropanoid biosynthesis (8), secondary metabolite biosynthesis (12), linolenic acid metabolites (5), glutathione metabolism (8), plant hormone signal transduction (3), MAPK signaling pathway-plant (4), and photosynthesis (12) contributed to the defense mechanisms in wheat. Protein-protein interaction network analysis showed that the DEPs interacted in both sugar metabolism and photosynthesis pathways. Sixteen genes were validated by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and were found to be consistent with the proteomics data. CONCLUSION The results provided insight into the molecular mechanisms of the interaction between wheat and F. pseudograminearum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangfang Qiao
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University/ National Engineering Research Center for Wheat/ Co-construction State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science/ Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, 15 Longzihu College District, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Xiwen Yang
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University/ National Engineering Research Center for Wheat/ Co-construction State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science/ Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, 15 Longzihu College District, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Fengdan Xu
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University/ National Engineering Research Center for Wheat/ Co-construction State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science/ Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, 15 Longzihu College District, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Yuan Huang
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University/ National Engineering Research Center for Wheat/ Co-construction State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science/ Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, 15 Longzihu College District, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Jiemei Zhang
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University/ National Engineering Research Center for Wheat/ Co-construction State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science/ Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, 15 Longzihu College District, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Miao Song
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University/ National Engineering Research Center for Wheat/ Co-construction State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science/ Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, 15 Longzihu College District, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Sumei Zhou
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University/ National Engineering Research Center for Wheat/ Co-construction State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science/ Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, 15 Longzihu College District, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, China.
| | - Dexian He
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University/ National Engineering Research Center for Wheat/ Co-construction State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science/ Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, 15 Longzihu College District, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
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26
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Leng Y, Li Y, Ma YH, He LF, Li SW. Abscisic acid modulates differential physiological and biochemical responses of roots, stems, and leaves in mung bean seedlings to cadmium stress. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:6030-6043. [PMID: 32986195 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-10843-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/13/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Experiments were conducted to determine how exogenous abscisic acid (ABA) mediates the tolerance of plants to cadmium (Cd) exposure. Cd stress strongly reduced all the growth parameters of mung bean seedlings. Cd significantly increased ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and catalase (CAT) activities in roots and stems, and peroxidase (POD) activities in roots, stems, and leaves of mung bean seedlings. Cd caused remarkable increases in the levels of leaf chlorophyll and carotenoid, root polyphenols, and malondialdehyde (MDA) and proline in the three organs. However, Cd greatly decreased leaf CAT activity, root and leaf ascorbic acid (AsA) levels, and stem and leaf polyphenol levels. Foliar application of ABA partially alleviated Cd toxicity on the seedlings. ABA could restore most of the changed biochemical parameters caused by Cd, suggesting that ABA played roles in the protection of membrane lipid peroxidation and the modulation of antioxidative defense systems in response to Cd stress. Our results also implied the differential physiological and biochemical responsive patterns of roots, stems, and leaves to Cd and ABA in mung bean seedlings. The great changes in many biochemical parameters in roots suggested that roots were the first to be affected by Cd and play pivotal roles in response to Cd, especially in chelating Cd and reducing Cd absorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Leng
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Key Laboratory of Extreme Environmental Microbial Resources and Engineering in Gansu Province, 88 West Anning Road, Lanzhou, 730070, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Li
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Key Laboratory of Extreme Environmental Microbial Resources and Engineering in Gansu Province, 88 West Anning Road, Lanzhou, 730070, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan-Hua Ma
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Key Laboratory of Extreme Environmental Microbial Resources and Engineering in Gansu Province, 88 West Anning Road, Lanzhou, 730070, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Fang He
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Key Laboratory of Extreme Environmental Microbial Resources and Engineering in Gansu Province, 88 West Anning Road, Lanzhou, 730070, People's Republic of China
| | - Shi-Weng Li
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Key Laboratory of Extreme Environmental Microbial Resources and Engineering in Gansu Province, 88 West Anning Road, Lanzhou, 730070, People's Republic of China.
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Bharath P, Gahir S, Raghavendra AS. Abscisic Acid-Induced Stomatal Closure: An Important Component of Plant Defense Against Abiotic and Biotic Stress. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:615114. [PMID: 33746999 PMCID: PMC7969522 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.615114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Abscisic acid (ABA) is a stress hormone that accumulates under different abiotic and biotic stresses. A typical effect of ABA on leaves is to reduce transpirational water loss by closing stomata and parallelly defend against microbes by restricting their entry through stomatal pores. ABA can also promote the accumulation of polyamines, sphingolipids, and even proline. Stomatal closure by compounds other than ABA also helps plant defense against both abiotic and biotic stress factors. Further, ABA can interact with other hormones, such as methyl jasmonate (MJ) and salicylic acid (SA). Such cross-talk can be an additional factor in plant adaptations against environmental stresses and microbial pathogens. The present review highlights the recent progress in understanding ABA's multifaceted role under stress conditions, particularly stomatal closure. We point out the importance of reactive oxygen species (ROS), reactive carbonyl species (RCS), nitric oxide (NO), and Ca2+ in guard cells as key signaling components during the ABA-mediated short-term plant defense reactions. The rise in ROS, RCS, NO, and intracellular Ca2+ triggered by ABA can promote additional events involved in long-term adaptive measures, including gene expression, accumulation of compatible solutes to protect the cell, hypersensitive response (HR), and programmed cell death (PCD). Several pathogens can counteract and try to reopen stomata. Similarly, pathogens attempt to trigger PCD of host tissue to their benefit. Yet, ABA-induced effects independent of stomatal closure can delay the pathogen spread and infection within leaves. Stomatal closure and other ABA influences can be among the early steps of defense and a crucial component of plants' innate immunity response. Stomatal guard cells are quite sensitive to environmental stress and are considered good model systems for signal transduction studies. Further research on the ABA-induced stomatal closure mechanism can help us design strategies for plant/crop adaptations to stress.
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Tariq M, Shah AA, Yasin NA, Ahmad A, Rizwan M. Enhanced performance of Bacillus megaterium OSR-3 in combination with putrescine ammeliorated hydrocarbon stress in Nicotiana tabacum. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2020; 23:119-129. [PMID: 32755316 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2020.1801572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Hydrocarbon stress (HS) has been causing decreased plant growth and productivity. Putrescine (Put) and growth promoting microbes are vital for plant growth and development under hydrocarbon stress. Current research work was carried out to evaluate the potential of Bacillus megaterium OSR-3 alone and in combination with Put to alleviate HS in Nicotiana tabacum (L.). The crude petroleum contaminated soil significantly reduced growth attributes of N. tabacum. B. megaterium OSR-3 inoculated plants subjected to HS exhibited improved photosynthetic rate, gas exchange characteristics, poline contents and protein level. Furthermore, bacterial inoculation enhanced the antioxidative activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) in tobacco plants subjected to HS. The HS alleviation in B. megaterium OSR-3 inoculated N. tabacum can be credited to the heightened activity of antioxidative enzymes, reduction in hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and abridged synthesis of malondialdehyde (MDA). The increased synthesis of indole acetic acid (IAA) in HS stressed N. tabacum plants treated with co-application of B. megaterium OSR-3 and Put attenuated toxicity and amplified growth of plants. Additionally, the co-application of B. megaterium OSR-3 and Put also upregulated the activity of antioxidative enzymes and induced augmented level of proline and IAA in plants under HS regimes. Current research provides novel insight into the potential and mechanism of B. megaterium OSR-3 and Put in mitigation of HS in N. tabacum plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muniba Tariq
- Department of Botany, University of Narowal, Narowal, Pakistan
| | - Anis Ali Shah
- Department of Botany, University of Narowal, Narowal, Pakistan
| | - Nasim Ahmad Yasin
- Senior Superintendent Gardens, RO-II Office, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Aqeel Ahmad
- Vegetable Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Muhammad Rizwan
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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