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Speer KE, Naumovski N, McKune AJ. Heart rate variability to track autonomic nervous system health in young children: Effects of physical activity and cardiometabolic risk factors. Physiol Behav 2024; 281:114576. [PMID: 38692385 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2024.114576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Evidence for a key role of dysregulated autonomic nervous system (ANS) activity in maladaptive stress response/recovery and non-communicable disease development is extensive. Monitoring ANS activity via regular heart rate variability (HRV) measurement is growing in popularity in adult populations given that low HRV has been associated with ANS dysregulation, poor stress response/reactivity, increased cardiometabolic disease risk and early mortality. Although cardiometabolic disease may originate in early life, regular HRV measurement for assessing ANS activity in childhood populations, especially those consisting of children < 6 years of age, remains largely unpractised. A greater understanding of ANS activity modifiers in early life may improve analysis and interpretation of HRV measurements, thereby optimising its usefulness. Taking into consideration that HRV and ANS activity can be improved via daily engagement in physical activity (PA), this review will discuss the ANS and HRV, ANS activity modifiers, cardiometabolic disease risk factors and PA as they relate to childhood/adolescent populations (≤ 18 years old).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn E Speer
- Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, 11 Kirinari Street, Bruce, ACT, 2617, Australia; Functional Foods and Nutrition Research (FFNR) Laboratory, University of Canberra, 11 Kirinari Street, Bruce, ACT, 2617, Australia; Research Institute of Sport and Exercise, University of Canberra, 11 Kirinari Street, Bruce, 2617, Australia.
| | - Nenad Naumovski
- Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, 11 Kirinari Street, Bruce, ACT, 2617, Australia; Functional Foods and Nutrition Research (FFNR) Laboratory, University of Canberra, 11 Kirinari Street, Bruce, ACT, 2617, Australia; Research Institute of Sport and Exercise, University of Canberra, 11 Kirinari Street, Bruce, 2617, Australia; Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, 17671, Greece
| | - Andrew J McKune
- Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, 11 Kirinari Street, Bruce, ACT, 2617, Australia; Functional Foods and Nutrition Research (FFNR) Laboratory, University of Canberra, 11 Kirinari Street, Bruce, ACT, 2617, Australia; Research Institute of Sport and Exercise, University of Canberra, 11 Kirinari Street, Bruce, 2617, Australia; Discipline of Biokinetics, Exercise and Leisure Sciences, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, KwaZulu-Natal, 4000, South Africa
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Fu J, Sun S, Zhu S, Wang R, Chen D, Chen R, Xue R, Lv W, Zhang Y, Huang T, Hu X, Jiang T, Wen L, Su L, He Z, Zhao G, Zou W. Relationship between 24-h activity behavior and body fat percentage in preschool children: based on compositional data and isotemporal substitution analysis. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:1063. [PMID: 38627707 PMCID: PMC11022470 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18570-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aims to elucidate the dose‒response relationship between 24-h activity behaviors and body fat percentage (BFP) in Chinese preschool children using a compositional isotemporal substitution model (ISM). METHODS In a cross-sectional design, 881 children aged 3-6 from urban and rural areas of Jiangxi Province were sampled. Activity behaviors, including sedentary behavior (SB), low-intensity physical activity (LPA), and moderate- to high-intensity physical activity (MVPA), were measured using accelerometers. Sleep patterns were assessed through questionnaires, and BFP was determined by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). The study employed compositional data analysis (CoDA) and ISM to estimate the impact of reallocating durations of different activity behaviors on BFP. RESULTS Higher BFP was found in urban vs. rural children, decreasing with age. Overweight and obesity rates were 10.6% and 7.6%, respectively, above national averages. MVPA and LPA were negatively correlated with BFP, while SB was positively correlated. A 30-min MVPA reduction significantly increased zBFR, particularly in overweight children. Gender-specific nuances revealed that boys' MVPA negatively influenced zBFP (β = -0.155), P < 0.05), while girls' SB positively impacted zBFP (β = 0.636, P < 0.01). Isotemporal simulations emphasized amplified effects in overweight children, with boys' zBFR rising rapidly when MVPA was substituted and girls displaying a notable substitution effect between SB and LPA. CONCLUSION BFP is closely linked to 24-h activity behaviors, notably in overweight and obese preschoolers. ISM identified MVPA as a critical influencer, with a 30-min reduction substantially increasing BFP. Gender disparities were evident, implicating MVPA in boys and LPA and SB in girls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinmei Fu
- Jiangxi Province Sports Science Medical Center, No.28 Fuzhou Road, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Shunli Sun
- Jiangxi Province Sports Science Medical Center, No.28 Fuzhou Road, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Shenggen Zhu
- Physical Education Institute, Xinyu University, No.2666 Sunshine Avenue, Xinyu, 330038, Jiangxi, China
| | - Runze Wang
- Physical Education Institute, Nanchang University, No.999 Xuefu Avenue, Nanchang, 330038, Jiangxi, China
| | - Delong Chen
- Physical Education Institute, Nanchang University, No.999 Xuefu Avenue, Nanchang, 330038, Jiangxi, China
| | - Ruiming Chen
- Physical Education Institute, Nanchang University, No.999 Xuefu Avenue, Nanchang, 330038, Jiangxi, China
| | - Ran Xue
- Jiangxi Province Sports Science Medical Center, No.28 Fuzhou Road, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Wendi Lv
- School of Sports and Health, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1688 Meiling Avenue, Nanchang, 330004, NoJiangxi, China
| | - Yunfan Zhang
- Jiangxi Province Sports Science Medical Center, No.28 Fuzhou Road, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Ting Huang
- School of Physical Education and Sport Science, Science and Technology Road, Fujian Normal University, No.1, University Town, 350117, Fujian, China
| | - Xuewen Hu
- Physical Education Institute, Nanchang University, No.999 Xuefu Avenue, Nanchang, 330038, Jiangxi, China
| | - Tianle Jiang
- Physical Education Institute, Nanchang University, No.999 Xuefu Avenue, Nanchang, 330038, Jiangxi, China
| | - Lei Wen
- Jiangxi Province Sports Science Medical Center, No.28 Fuzhou Road, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Liqiang Su
- Physical Education Institute, Jiangxi Normal University, No.99 Ziyang Avenue, Nanchang, 330022, Jiangxi, China
| | - Zihao He
- College of Sports and Human Sciences, Beijing Sport University, No.48 Information Road, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Guanggao Zhao
- Physical Education Institute, Nanchang University, No.999 Xuefu Avenue, Nanchang, 330038, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Weilu Zou
- Jiangxi Provincial Gymnastics Sports Management Center, 28 Fuzhou Road, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
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Xie ZW, Wang LJ, Chen H, Liang G, Yang XL. Accelerometer-measured sedentary volume and bouts during the segmented school day among Chinese school students. J Exerc Sci Fit 2024; 22:145-151. [PMID: 38435333 PMCID: PMC10907796 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesf.2024.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Background This study examined sedentary volume and bouts of Chinese primary and middle school students during different segments of a school day and determined whether gender and school level are associated with their sedentary volume and bouts. Methods A total of 472 students participated in this study. Accelerometers were used to measure the sedentary volume and sedentary bouts of different durations (i.e., 1-4 min, 5-9 min and ≥10 min) during all segments. Results The participants spent the majority of their time in sitting (61.7%) and sitting bouts of ≥10 min (37.3%). They spent higher percentages of time in sitting during regular classes (76.7%) and out-of-school time (54.5%), and lower during physical education (PE) classes (32.2%), lunch break (35.4%) and recess (38.0%). The highest proportions of time were in sedentary bouts of ≥10 min during regular classes (50.2%), out-of-school time (28.0%) and lunch break (18.8%), while the greatest percentages occurred in sitting bouts of 1-4 min during PE class (16.4%) and recess (18.6%). Girls and middle school students had higher percentages of sedentary volume than boys and primary school students during most segments. They spent greater proportions of time in sitting bouts of ≥10 min during regular classes, lunch break, and out-of-school time, and higher proportions in sedentary bouts of 1-4 min than boys and primary students during PE classes. Conclusion Regular class and out-of-school time were identified as key segments for reducing sedentary volume and breaking up prolonged sitting. Interventions on interrupting prolonged sitting during lunch break should also be explored. Girls and middle school students should receive more attention in future interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-wen Xie
- Shanghai University of Sport, School of Physical Education, 200 Hengren Street, Yangpu District, Shanghai, CN 200438, China
| | - Li-juan Wang
- Shanghai University of Sport, School of Physical Education, 200 Hengren Street, Yangpu District, Shanghai, CN 200438, China
| | - Huan Chen
- Shanghai University of Sport, School of Physical Education, 200 Hengren Street, Yangpu District, Shanghai, CN 200438, China
| | - Guo Liang
- Shanghai University of Sport, School of Physical Education, 200 Hengren Street, Yangpu District, Shanghai, CN 200438, China
| | - Xing-long Yang
- Shanghai University of Sport, School of Physical Education, 200 Hengren Street, Yangpu District, Shanghai, CN 200438, China
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Reis LN, Reuter CP, Okely A, Brand C, Fochesatto CF, Martins CML, Mota J, Gaya ACA, Gaya AR. Replacing screen time, with physical activity and sleep time: influence on cardiovascular indicators and inflammatory markers in Brazilian children. J Pediatr (Rio J) 2024; 100:149-155. [PMID: 38043583 PMCID: PMC10943296 DOI: 10.1016/j.jped.2023.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine if the substitution of different screen time intervals with light physical activity (LPA), moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and sleep is associated with cardiovascular indicators and inflammatory markers in children. METHODS This is a cross-sectional study developed with 186 children aged between six and 11 years old from public schools in southern Brazil. CRF was measured with the 6-minute running and walking test, following the Brazil Sports Project procedures. The percentage of fat was evaluated through DXA. LPA and MVPA were measured using accelerometers. Sleep and screen time were assessed by questionnaires answered by parents. Leptin and C-reactive protein were measured by fasting blood collection. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure were determined through a digital sphygmomanometer. Isotemporal substitution models were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS Replacing 1 h of screen time with MVPA was associated with lower BMI, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, fat percentage, leptin, and C-reactive protein. When screen time was substituted for sleep time, lower waist circumference was observed. Regarding the substitution of 1 h of screen time with LPA, significant values were found only for leptin. CONCLUSION The replacement of screen time with physical activities of different intensities and sleep time was associated with benefits in cardiovascular indicators and inflammatory markers in childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiza N Reis
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Faculdade de Educação Física, Fisioterapia e Dança, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências do Movimento Humano, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Cezane P Reuter
- Universidade de Santa Cruz do Sul (UNISC), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Promoção da Saúde, Santa Cruz do Sul, RS, Brazil
| | - Anthony Okely
- School of Health and Society, University of Wollongong, Australia
| | - Caroline Brand
- IRyS Group, Physical Education School, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile.
| | - Camila F Fochesatto
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Faculdade de Educação Física, Fisioterapia e Dança, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências do Movimento Humano, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Clarice M L Martins
- Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Centro de Pesquisa em Atividade Física, Saúde e Lazer, João Pessoa, PB, Brazil
| | - Jorge Mota
- Universidade do Porto, Faculdade de Desporto, Centro de Investigação em Actividade Física, Saúde e Lazer (CIAFEL), Porto, Portugal
| | - Adroaldo C A Gaya
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Faculdade de Educação Física, Fisioterapia e Dança, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências do Movimento Humano, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Anelise R Gaya
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Faculdade de Educação Física, Fisioterapia e Dança, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências do Movimento Humano, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Volpato LA, Costa JC, Lopes WA, Sasaki JE, Romanzini CLP, Ronque ERV, Romanzini M. Time Reallocations From Sedentary Behavior to Physical Activity and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review. J Phys Act Health 2023; 20:1084-1091. [PMID: 37704195 DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2022-0471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent statistical approaches have allowed consideration of the integrated relationships between sedentary behavior (SB) and physical activity (PA) with different health outcomes. The present paper aimed to systematically review the literature and synthesize evidence about associations between hypothetical reallocations from SB to different PA intensities and cardiovascular risk factors in youth. METHODS A systematic search of 8 databases was performed. Observational studies with a population of children and/or adolescents and based on statistical analysis that investigated the associations between time reallocations from SB to PA and cardiovascular risk factors were included. RESULTS Twenty-eight studies met the inclusion criteria. Level of evidence (derived from cross-sectional studies) indicated that the reallocation from SB to moderate to vigorous PA was beneficially associated with adiposity, cardiorespiratory fitness, and cardiometabolic biomarkers in youth. Reallocation from SB to light PA was not associated with the analyzed outcomes. Associations derived from longitudinal studies were mostly inconclusive. CONCLUSION Cardiovascular risk factors could be improved by increasing moderate to vigorous PA at the expense of time spent in SB in pediatric populations. Prospective studies or studies investigating the effects of reallocating sedentary bouts to PA are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Alex Volpato
- Laboratory of Physical Activity and Health, Center of Physical Education and Sports, State University of Londrina-UEL, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Julio Cesar Costa
- Laboratory of Physical Activity and Health, Center of Physical Education and Sports, State University of Londrina-UEL, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Wendell Arthur Lopes
- Department of Physical Education, Health Sciences Center, State University of Maringá-UEM, Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | - Jeffer Eidi Sasaki
- Department of Sports Sciences, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, MG, Brazil
| | - Catiana Leila Possamai Romanzini
- Laboratory of Physical Activity and Health, Center of Physical Education and Sports, State University of Londrina-UEL, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Enio Ricardo Vaz Ronque
- Laboratory of Physical Activity and Health, Center of Physical Education and Sports, State University of Londrina-UEL, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Romanzini
- Laboratory of Physical Activity and Health, Center of Physical Education and Sports, State University of Londrina-UEL, Londrina, PR, Brazil
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Miatke A, Olds T, Maher C, Fraysse F, Mellow ML, Smith AE, Pedisic Z, Grgic J, Dumuid D. The association between reallocations of time and health using compositional data analysis: a systematic scoping review with an interactive data exploration interface. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2023; 20:127. [PMID: 37858243 PMCID: PMC10588100 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-023-01526-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND How time is allocated influences health. However, any increase in time allocated to one behaviour must be offset by a decrease in others. Recently, studies have used compositional data analysis (CoDA) to estimate the associations with health when reallocating time between different behaviours. The aim of this scoping review was to provide an overview of studies that have used CoDA to model how reallocating time between different time-use components is associated with health. METHODS A systematic search of four electronic databases (MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, SPORTDiscus) was conducted in October 2022. Studies were eligible if they used CoDA to examine the associations of time reallocations and health. Reallocations were considered between movement behaviours (sedentary behaviour (SB), light physical activity (LPA), moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA)) or various activities of daily living (screen time, work, household chores etc.). The review considered all populations, including clinical populations, as well as all health-related outcomes. RESULTS One hundred and three studies were included. Adiposity was the most commonly studied health outcome (n = 41). Most studies (n = 75) reported reallocations amongst daily sleep, SB, LPA and MVPA. While other studies reported reallocations amongst sub-compositions of these (work MVPA vs. leisure MVPA), activity types determined by recall (screen time, household chores, passive transport etc.) or bouted behaviours (short vs. long bouts of SB). In general, when considering cross-sectional results, reallocating time to MVPA from any behaviour(s) was favourably associated with health and reallocating time away from MVPA to any behaviour(s) was unfavourably associated with health. Some beneficial associations were seen when reallocating time from SB to both LPA and sleep; however, the strength of the association was much lower than for any reallocations involving MVPA. However, there were many null findings. Notably, most of the longitudinal studies found no associations between reallocations of time and health. Some evidence also suggested the context of behaviours was important, with reallocations of leisure time toward MVPA having a stronger favourable association for health than reallocating work time towards MVPA. CONCLUSIONS Evidence suggests that reallocating time towards MVPA from any behaviour(s) has the strongest favourable association with health, and reallocating time away from MVPA toward any behaviour(s) has the strongest unfavourable association with health. Future studies should use longitudinal and experimental study designs, and for a wider range of outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Miatke
- Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity, Allied Health and Human Performance, University of South Australia, GPO box, Adelaide, S.A, 2471, 5001, Australia.
- Centre for Adolescent Health, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Tim Olds
- Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity, Allied Health and Human Performance, University of South Australia, GPO box, Adelaide, S.A, 2471, 5001, Australia
- Centre for Adolescent Health, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Carol Maher
- Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity, Allied Health and Human Performance, University of South Australia, GPO box, Adelaide, S.A, 2471, 5001, Australia
| | - Francois Fraysse
- Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity, Allied Health and Human Performance, University of South Australia, GPO box, Adelaide, S.A, 2471, 5001, Australia
| | - Maddison L Mellow
- Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity, Allied Health and Human Performance, University of South Australia, GPO box, Adelaide, S.A, 2471, 5001, Australia
| | - Ashleigh E Smith
- Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity, Allied Health and Human Performance, University of South Australia, GPO box, Adelaide, S.A, 2471, 5001, Australia
| | - Zeljko Pedisic
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jozo Grgic
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Dorothea Dumuid
- Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity, Allied Health and Human Performance, University of South Australia, GPO box, Adelaide, S.A, 2471, 5001, Australia
- Centre for Adolescent Health, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
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Lund Rasmussen C, Gába A, Stanford T, Dygrýn J, Dumuid D, Janda D, Hron K. The Goldilocks Day for healthy adiposity measures among children and adolescents. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1158634. [PMID: 37841713 PMCID: PMC10569221 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1158634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The optimal balance of time spent on daily movement behaviors ("The Goldilocks Day") associated with childhood obesity remains unknown. Objective To estimate the optimal durations of sleep, sedentary behavior (SB), light physical activity (LPA), and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MPVA) associated with excess adiposity in a paediatric population. Methods Accelerometer-measured 24-h movement behaviors were obtained from 659 Czech children and adolescents (8-18-year-olds). Adiposity indicators were body mass index z-score, fat mass percentage, fat-free mass index, and visceral adipose tissue. Excess adiposity was defined as exceeding the 85th percentile for an adiposity indicator. Compositional regression analyses were used investigate the associations between movement behaviors and adiposity indicators and estimating "The Goldilocks Day." Results The movement behavior composition was associated with visceral adipose tissue (Fdf1 = 3,df2 = 317 = 3.672, p = 0.013) and fat mass percentage (Fdf1 = 3,df2 = 289 = 2.733, p = 0.044) among children and adolescents. The Goldilocks Day consisted of 8.5 h of sleep, 10.8 h of SB, 3.9 h of LPA, and 0.8 h of MVPA among children and 7.5 h of sleep, 12.4 h of SB, 3.6 h of LPA, and 0.5 h of MVPA among adolescents. Conclusion Optimizing the time spent sleeping, and in sedentary and physical activities appears to be important in the prevention of excess adiposity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Lund Rasmussen
- Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czechia
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Aleš Gába
- Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Tyman Stanford
- Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition, and Activity, Allied Health and Human Performance, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Jan Dygrýn
- Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Dorothea Dumuid
- Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition, and Activity, Allied Health and Human Performance, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - David Janda
- Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Karel Hron
- Department of Mathematical Analysis and Applications of Mathematics, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czechia
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Chen H, Wang LJ, Xin F, Liang G, Zhou YL. Associations between 24-h movement behaviours and BMI in Chinese primary- and middle- school students. J Exerc Sci Fit 2023; 21:186-192. [PMID: 36820013 PMCID: PMC9937977 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesf.2023.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Purposes This cross-sectional study aimed to examine the associations between the 24-h movement behaviours and body mass index (BMI) of students from China by using compositional data analysis. Methods A total of 389 students aged 6-16 years participated in this study. Accelerometers were used to measure moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), light-intensity physical activity (LPA), sedentary behaviour (SED), and sleep. Weight and height were objectively measured. The association between 24-h movement and BMI was analyzed by using compositional data analysis. Results Time reallocation using minutes and proportions created major differences to the results. Reallocating 10 min from other movement behaviours to MVPA was associated with decreased BMI z-score of 1.372 to 0.158 among primary-school students. Reallocating 10 min from sleep and SED to MVPA, and from sleep and SED to LPA were associated with decreased BMI z-score of 0.505 to 0.017 among middle-school students. Reallocating 10% of time from all other components to SED and sleep were associated with a higher BMI z-score by 0.148 (95%CI: 0.020; 0.276) and 0.125 (95%CI: 0.046; 0.204), while reallocating time to MVPA was associated with a decrease in BMI z-scores of 0.132 (95%CI: -0.193; -0.070) among primary-school students. Reallocating 10% of time from all other components to SED was associated with a higher BMI z-score of 0.254 (95%CI: 0.165; 0.345), whereas reallocating time to MVPA and LPA was associated with a decrease in BMI z-scores of 0.039 (95%CI: -0.073; -0.005) and 0.093 (95%CI: -0.153; -0.033) among middle-school students. Conclusion Research results of 10-min one-to-one reallocation may be treated cautiously due to uneven distribution of time in 24-h movement behaviours. Based on the results of 10% one-to-remaining reallocation, replacing SED with MVPA may be an appropriate target for adiposity intervention in primary-school students, while increasing MVPA or LPA at the expense of SED may be effective in controlling adiposity of middle-school students in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Chen
- Shanghai University of Sport, School of Physical Education 200 Hengren Street, Yangpu District, Shanghai, CN, 200438, China
| | - Li-juan Wang
- Shanghai University of Sport, School of Physical Education 200 Hengren Street, Yangpu District, Shanghai, CN, 200438, China
| | - Fei Xin
- Shanghai University of Sport, School of Physical Education 200 Hengren Street, Yangpu District, Shanghai, CN, 200438, China
| | - Guo Liang
- Shanghai University of Sport, School of Physical Education 200 Hengren Street, Yangpu District, Shanghai, CN, 200438, China
| | - Yu-lan Zhou
- Zhejiang Normal University, College of Physical Education and Health Sciences 688 Yingbin Dadao, Jinhua City, Zhejiang Province, CN, 321004, China
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Janda D, Gába A, Vencálek O, Fairclough SJ, Dygrýn J, Jakubec L, Rubín L. A 24-h activity profile and adiposity among children and adolescents: Does the difference between school and weekend days matter? PLoS One 2023; 18:e0285952. [PMID: 37200304 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0285952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Twenty-four-hour movement behaviours are gaining attention in the research community. However, no study has addressed how 24-h activity profiles vary between structured and less structured days and whether an unfavourable activity profile is associated with childhood obesity. We aimed to analyse differences between school day and weekend day 24-h activity profiles and their associations with adiposity indicators among children and adolescents. METHODS Participants were 382 children and 338 adolescents who wore wrist accelerometers for 24 hours a day for seven consecutive days. The 24-h activity profile expressed by the average acceleration (AvAcc) and intensity gradient (IG) were estimated from multi-day raw accelerometer data. Adiposity indicators included body mass index (BMI) z-score, fat mass percentage (FM%), fat mass index (FMI), and visceral adipose tissue (VAT). Multiple linear regression of activity profile metrics and adiposity indicators was performed separately for school and weekend days. RESULTS Weekend days AvAcc and IG were lower compared to school days in both age groups (p <0.001 for all). Specifically, AvAcc was lower by 9.4% and 11.3% in children and adolescents, respectively. IG on weekend days was lower (more negative) by 3.4% in children and 3.1% in adolescents. Among children, on school days AvAcc and IG were negatively associated with FM%, FMI, and VAT, whilst on weekend days AvAcc was positively associated with BMI z-score, FMI, and VAT (p < 0.05 for all). Among adolescents, negative associations were found between weekend day AvAcc and IG and FM% and FMI (p < 0.05 for all), respectively. CONCLUSIONS This study confirms the importance of 24-h activity profile as a potentially protective factor against excess adiposity. The variability of movement behaviours during structured and less structured days should be considered when optimizing the 24-h movement behaviours to prevent childhood obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Janda
- Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Aleš Gába
- Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Ondřej Vencálek
- Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Stuart J Fairclough
- Health Research Institute and Movement Behaviours, Health, and Wellbeing Research Group, Department Sport and Physical Activity, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk, United Kingdom
| | - Jan Dygrýn
- Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Lukáš Jakubec
- Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Lukáš Rubín
- Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
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10
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Kracht CL, Katzmarzyk PT, Champagne CM, Broyles ST, Hsia DS, Newton RL, Staiano AE. Association between Sleep, Sedentary Time, Physical Activity, and Adiposity in Adolescents: A Prospective Observational Study. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2023; 55:110-118. [PMID: 35977103 PMCID: PMC9771953 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000003018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to examine the effects of substituting sedentary time with sleep or physical activity on adiposity in a longitudinal sample of adolescents. METHODS Adolescents (10-16 yr) were recruited for a prospective observational cohort. Parents and adolescents reported demographic characteristics and pubertal development. Accelerometry was used to measure sleep, physical activity, and sedentary time. Adiposity was quantified with imaging techniques. Isotemporal substitution modeling was conducted to examine the effect of substituting 10 min of sedentary time with sleep or differing intensities of physical activity. Results were stratified by sex and race and adjusted for covariates. RESULTS A total of 217 adolescents provided complete measures at both baseline and 2 yr later (58.1% White, 51.8% girls; 12.9 ± 1.9 yr at baseline). Sleep was negatively related to adiposity 2 yr later when considering other movement behaviors, but substituting baseline sedentary time with sleep was not related to future adiposity ( P > 0.05). In boys and non-White adolescents, substituting sedentary time with vigorous-intensity physical activity was related to lower adiposity 2 yr later ( P < 0.05). Substituting sedentary time for moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity was not associated with future adiposity. CONCLUSIONS Substituting sedentary time with vigorous-intensity physical activity was related to lower adiposity in later adolescence in certain groups. Opportunities to promote an adequate balance of sleep, sedentary time, and physical activity in all adolescents are encouraged for optimal development.
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11
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Bourke M, Vanderloo LM, Irwin JD, Burke SM, Johnson AM, Driediger M, Timmons BW, Tucker P. Association between childcare movement behaviour compositions with health and development among preschoolers: Finding the optimal combinations of physical activities and sedentary time. J Sports Sci 2022; 40:2085-2094. [PMID: 36227866 DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2022.2134969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Little is known about how wake-time movement behaviour compositions while in childcare relate to children's health and development. This study aimed to use compositional analysis to examine how childcare movement behaviour compositions were associated with standardised body mass index (zBMI) and physical and psychosocial functioning among children in the preschool setting. A total of 405 preschoolers wore accelerometers during childcare hours to measure their moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), light intensity physical activity (LPA) and sedentary time. Compositional regression, isotemporal substitution models, and the "Goldilocks" approach was used to examine how wake-time childcare movement behaviour compositions related to each of the outcomes. Engaging in greater LPA relative to MVPA and sedentary time was associated with higher BMI z-scores, replacing sedentary time or time spent in MVPA with LPA was associated with greater physical functioning, and spending more time in sedentary behaviours relative to overall physical activity was related with greater psychosocial functioning. It is not clear what the optimal wake-time movement behaviour composition while in childcare is for health and development; however, LPA and sedentary time while in childcare may have some benefits. More research is needed to aid the development of childcare-specific guidelines for physical activity and sedentary behaviours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Bourke
- School of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Leigh M Vanderloo
- School of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Western University, London, ON, Canada.,ParticipACTION, Toronto, ON M5S 1M2, Canada
| | - Jennifer D Irwin
- School of Health Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Shauna M Burke
- School of Health Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Western University, London, ON, Canada.,Children's Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Andrew M Johnson
- School of Health Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Molly Driediger
- School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Brian W Timmons
- Children's Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Patricia Tucker
- School of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Western University, London, ON, Canada.,Child Health & Exercise Medicine Program, Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
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12
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Julian V, Bergsten P, Ennequin G, Forslund A, Ahlstrom H, Ciba I, Dahlbom M, Furthner D, Gomahr J, Kullberg J, Maruszczak K, Morwald K, Olsson R, Pixner T, Schneider A, Pereira B, Ring-Dimitriou S, Thivel D, Weghuber D. Association between alanine aminotransferase as surrogate of fatty liver disease and physical activity and sedentary time in adolescents with obesity. Eur J Pediatr 2022; 181:3119-3129. [PMID: 35771354 DOI: 10.1007/s00431-022-04539-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED To compare patterns of sedentary (SED) time (more sedentary, SED + vs less sedentary, SED-), moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) time (more active, MVPA + vs less active, MVPA-), and combinations of behaviors (SED-/MVPA + , SED-/MVPA-, SED + /MVPA + , SED + /MVPA-) regarding nonalcoholic fatty liver diseases (NAFLD) markers. This cross-sectional study included 134 subjects (13.4 ± 2.2 years, body mass index (BMI) 98.9 ± 0.7 percentile, 48.5% females) who underwent 24-h/7-day accelerometry, anthropometric, and biochemical markers (alanine aminotransferase (ALT) as first criterion, and aspartate aminotransferase (AST), gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), AST/ALT ratio as secondary criteria). A subgroup of 39 patients underwent magnetic resonance imaging-liver fat content (MRI-LFC). Hepatic health was better in SED- (lower ALT, GGT, and MRI-LFC (p < 0.05), higher AST/ALT (p < 0.01)) vs SED + and in MVPA + (lower ALT (p < 0.05), higher AST/ALT (p < 0.01)) vs MVPA- groups after adjustment for age, gender, and Tanner stages. SED-/MVPA + group had the best hepatic health. SED-/MVPA- group had lower ALT and GGT and higher AST/ALT (p < 0.05) in comparison with SED + /MVPA + group independently of BMI. SED time was positively associated with biochemical (high ALT, low AST/ALT ratio) and imaging (high MRI-LFC) markers independently of MVPA. MVPA time was associated with biochemical markers (low ALT, high AST/ALT) but these associations were no longer significant after adjustment for SED time. CONCLUSION Lower SED time is associated with better hepatic health independently of MVPA. Reducing SED time might be a first step in the management of pediatric obesity NAFLD when increasing MVPA is not possible. WHAT IS KNOWN • MVPA and SED times are associated with cardiometabolic risks in youths with obesity. • The relationships between NAFLD markers and concomitant MVPA and SED times have not been studied in this population. WHAT IS NEW • Low SED time is associated with healthier liver enzyme profiles and LFC independent of MVPA. • While low SED/high MVPA is the more desirable pattern, low SED/low MVPA pattern would have healthier liver enzyme profile compared with high MVPA/high SED, independent of BMI, suggesting that reducing SED time irrespective of MVPA is needed to optimize liver health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valérie Julian
- Department of Sport Medicine and Functional Explorations, Human Nutrition Research Center (CRNH), University Teaching Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, Diet and Musculoskeletal Health Team, INRA, University of Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, Europe, France. .,Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria.
| | - Peter Bergsten
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,Children Obesity Clinic, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden.,Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Gael Ennequin
- Laboratory of Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise Under Physiological and Pathological Conditions (AME2P), University of Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Anders Forslund
- Children Obesity Clinic, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden.,Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Hakan Ahlstrom
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Radiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,Antaros Medical AB, BioVenture Hub, 431 53, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Iris Ciba
- Children Obesity Clinic, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden.,Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Marie Dahlbom
- Children Obesity Clinic, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden.,Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Dieter Furthner
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Salzkammergut-Klinikum, Vöcklabruck, Austria.,Obesity Research Unit, University Hospital Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Julian Gomahr
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria.,Obesity Research Unit, University Hospital Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Joel Kullberg
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Radiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,Antaros Medical AB, BioVenture Hub, 431 53, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Katharina Maruszczak
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria.,Obesity Research Unit, University Hospital Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Katharina Morwald
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria.,Obesity Research Unit, University Hospital Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Roger Olsson
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Thomas Pixner
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Salzkammergut-Klinikum, Vöcklabruck, Austria.,Obesity Research Unit, University Hospital Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Anna Schneider
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria.,Obesity Research Unit, University Hospital Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Bruno Pereira
- Department of Biostatistics, University Teaching Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | | | - David Thivel
- Laboratory of Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise Under Physiological and Pathological Conditions (AME2P), University of Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Daniel Weghuber
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria.,Obesity Research Unit, University Hospital Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
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13
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Verswijveren SJJM, Ridgers ND, Martín-Fernández JA, Chastin S, Cerin E, Chinapaw MJM, Arundell L, Dunstan DW, Hume C, Brown H, Della Gatta J, Salmon J. Intervention effects on children's movement behaviour accumulation as a result of the Transform-Us! school- and home-based cluster randomised controlled trial. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2022; 19:76. [PMID: 35799258 PMCID: PMC9261108 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-022-01314-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is unknown if and how children's movement behaviour accumulation patterns change as a result of physical activity and/or sedentary behaviour interventions. It is important to establish the effectiveness of interventions targeting changes in such accumulation patterns. This study aimed to investigate the effect of the Transform-Us! school- and home-based intervention program on children's movement behaviour accumulation patterns, focusing on sporadic accumulation versus time in bouts. METHODS Baseline and post-intervention (18 months) accelerometer data from the Transform-Us! 2 × 2 factorial design cluster randomised controlled trial was used (Melbourne, 2010-2012; analytical sample n = 267; aged 8-9 years). Linear mixed models were fitted to examine effects of three different interventions (targeting increases in physical activity [PA-I], reductions in sedentary time [SB-I], or both [PA + SB-I]) compared to a usual practice (control) group on post-intervention movement behaviour accumulation compositions with eight components, including sporadic time and bouts of sedentary time, and light-, moderate- and vigorous-intensity physical activity. RESULTS Intervention effects on distribution of time in the post-intervention waking movement behaviour accumulation composition (adjusted for baseline composition) were small and not significant. However, visual inspection of the change in compositions over time revealed that only groups with a sedentary behaviour intervention component (SB-I and PA + SB-I) reduced time in sedentary bouts, compared to the overall sample compositional mean. In addition, the SB-I group was the only group with an increase in vigorous-intensity physical activity. The combined intervention group (PA + SB-I) was characterized by the largest proportional increase in MPA bouts. The usual practice group was characterized by the largest proportional increases in both sporadic and bouts of sedentary time. CONCLUSIONS This study showed some early evidence to suggest that the "break up your sitting" message may result in greater impact than the "move more" message. Future research, including larger sample sizes, should investigate if this type of messaging is indeed more effective in changing movement behaviours and ultimately child health. TRIAL REGISTRATION International Standard Randomized Controlled Trial Number ISRCTN83725066 ; Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry Number ACTRN12609000715279 .
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nicola D. Ridgers
- Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia Australia
| | - Josep A. Martín-Fernández
- Department of Computer Science, Applied Mathematics and Statistics, University of Girona, Girona, Spain
| | - Sebastien Chastin
- School of Health and Life Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, UK
| | - Ester Cerin
- Mary McKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Victoria Australia
| | - Mai J. M. Chinapaw
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Lauren Arundell
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - David W. Dunstan
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria Australia
| | - Clare Hume
- School of Public Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia Australia
| | - Helen Brown
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Jacqueline Della Gatta
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Jo Salmon
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
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14
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Domingues SF, Diniz da Silva C, Faria FR, de Sá Souza H, dos Santos Amorim PR. Sleep, sedentary behavior, and physical activity in Brazilian adolescents: Achievement recommendations and BMI associations through compositional data analysis. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0266926. [PMID: 35404979 PMCID: PMC9000056 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0266926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Physical activity, sedentary behavior (SB), and sleep are habitual human behaviors (HHB) which are modifiable throughout the different life phases. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze how the time distribution throughout the day among HHB may be associated with body mass index (BMI). These results could provide inferences which can guide interventions that trigger changes in adolescent behaviors in favor of their health. The objective of this study was to verify the proportion of adolescents who meet the recommendation of sleep, moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA), and screen time (ST); to analyze the associations between HHB and BMI, and to determine possible changes in BMI associated with time reallocation between different HHB. Daily HHB recommendations (yes/no) were analyzed by frequency distribution. Compositional data analyses were used to examine the association between HHB and the BMI z-score (zBMI) with covariates (sex, age, and socioeconomic status). Compositional isotemporal substitution models estimated the change in zBMI associated with HHB reallocations from 15 to 120 minutes. A total of 185 adolescents were included (15 to 18 years, 50.8% boys). Thus, total sleep time, SB, light physical activity (LPA) and MVPA were measured by 24-hour accelerometry for seven consecutive days. ST, demographic characteristics, and socioeconomic status were assessed using a questionnaire. Sleep, MVPA, and ST recommendations were achieved by 32.97%, 8.10%, and 1.08% of the sample, respectively. No adolescent was able to achieve all of the daily recommendations. Age was significantly and positively associated with zBMI (p<0.001). Simply replacing 75, 90, and 120 minutes of MVPA by LPA led to an estimated significant increase in zBMI (95CI% z-value, 0.01 to 1.49). The HHB relocation estimates in 24h did not show positive effects on zBMI, nor did it increase the time engaged in MVPA, which may raise the hypothesis that other parameters related to obesity and their related interactions need to be better understood.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cristiano Diniz da Silva
- Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Juiz de Fora—Advanced Campus Governador Valadares, Governador Valadares, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Rocha Faria
- Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Triângulo Mineiro, Ituiutaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Helton de Sá Souza
- Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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15
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Verswijveren SJJM, Lamb KE, Martín-Fernández JA, Winkler E, Leech RM, Timperio A, Salmon J, Daly RM, Cerin E, Dunstan DW, Telford RM, Telford RD, Olive LS, Ridgers ND. Using compositional data analysis to explore accumulation of sedentary behavior, physical activity and youth health. JOURNAL OF SPORT AND HEALTH SCIENCE 2022; 11:234-243. [PMID: 33737239 PMCID: PMC9068553 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2021.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The study aimed to describe youth time-use compositions, focusing on time spent in shorter and longer bouts of sedentary behavior and physical activity (PA), and to examine associations of these time-use compositions with cardiometabolic biomarkers. METHODS Accelerometer and cardiometabolic biomarker data from 2 Australian studies involving youths 7-13 years old were pooled (complete cases with accelerometry and adiposity marker data, n = 782). A 9-component time-use composition was formed using compositional data analysis: time in shorter and longer bouts of sedentary behavior; time in shorter and longer bouts of light-, moderate-, or vigorous-intensity PA; and "other time" (i.e., non-wear/sleep). Shorter and longer bouts of sedentary time were defined as <5 min and ≥5 min, respectively. Shorter bouts of light-, moderate-, and vigorous-intensity PA were defined as <1 min; longer bouts were defined as ≥1 min. Regression models examined associations between overall time-use composition and cardiometabolic biomarkers. Then, associations were derived between ratios of longer activity patterns relative to shorter activity patterns, and of each intensity level relative to the other intensity levels and "other time", and cardiometabolic biomarkers. RESULTS Confounder-adjusted models showed that the overall time-use composition was associated with adiposity, blood pressure, lipids, and the summary score. Specifically, more time in longer bouts of light-intensity PA relative to shorter bouts of light-intensity PA was significantly associated with greater body mass index z-score (zBMI) (β = 1.79; SE = 0.68) and waist circumference (β = 18.35, SE = 4.78). When each activity intensity was considered relative to all higher intensities and "other time", more time in light- and vigorous-intensity PA, and less time in sedentary behavior and moderate-intensity PA, were associated with lower waist circumference. CONCLUSION Accumulating PA, particularly light-intensity PA, in frequent short bursts may be more beneficial for limiting adiposity compared to accumulating the same amount of PA at these intensities in longer bouts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone J J M Verswijveren
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3216, Australia.
| | - Karen E Lamb
- Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3053, Australia
| | - Josep A Martín-Fernández
- Department of Computer Science, Applied Mathematics and Statistics, University of Girona, Girona 17003, Spain
| | - Elisabeth Winkler
- School of Public Health, University of Queensland, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia
| | - Rebecca M Leech
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3216, Australia
| | - Anna Timperio
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3216, Australia
| | - Jo Salmon
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3216, Australia
| | - Robin M Daly
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3216, Australia
| | - Ester Cerin
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia; School of Public Health, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - David W Dunstan
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia; Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Rohan M Telford
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise, University of Canberra, Bruce, ACT 2617, Australia
| | - Richard D Telford
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise, University of Canberra, Bruce, ACT 2617, Australia
| | - Lisa S Olive
- School of Psychology, Deakin University, Burwood, VIC 3125, Australia; IMPACT Research Institute, Deakin University, Burwood, VIC 3125, Australia; ANU Medical School, Australian National University, Garran, ACT 2605, Australia
| | - Nicola D Ridgers
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3216, Australia
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16
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Materová E, Pelclová J, Gába A, Frömel K. Surveillance of physical activity and sedentary behaviour in czech children and adolescents: a scoping review of the literature from the past two decades. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:363. [PMID: 35189870 PMCID: PMC8859875 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-12766-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to map the available evidence related to physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviour (SB) in Czech children and adolescents and suggest future directions and improvements to strengthen the surveillance of PA and SB in the Czech Republic. METHODS The search of articles published between January 2000 and December 2020 included the Medline and Medvik databases and a manual search in eight Czech journals related to the topic. This review followed the "Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews". RESULTS Out of 350 identified articles, 79 articles met the criteria for selection and referred to 27 studies. The majority of the articles were cross-sectional (89%), approximately two-thirds of the articles (61%) examined only PA, and half of the articles (51%) employed device-based assessments. Approximately 47% of the articles reported the prevalence of physical inactivity on the basis of inconsistently defined recommendations. Approximately 14%, 23%, and 10% of the articles focused on active transportation, organized PA (including physical education or leisure-time PA), and parent-child PA, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Future studies need to focus on longitudinal design and interventions, randomly selected samples, a mix of device-based and self-reported methods, and the recognition of health-related 24-hour time use patterns. This review advocates the government-supported development of a national surveillance system that will help to reduce insufficient PA and excessive SB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliška Materová
- Institute of Active Lifestyle, Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacký University Olomouc, tř. Míru 117, 771 11 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Pelclová
- Institute of Active Lifestyle, Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacký University Olomouc, tř. Míru 117, 771 11 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Aleš Gába
- Department of Natural Sciences in Kinathropology, Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacký University Olomouc, tř. Míru 117, 771 11 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Karel Frömel
- Institute of Active Lifestyle, Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacký University Olomouc, tř. Míru 117, 771 11 Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Institute of Sport Sciences, the Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education, Katowice, Poland
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17
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Rubín L, Gába A, Pelclová J, Štefelová N, Jakubec L, Dygrýn J, Hron K. Changes in sedentary behavior patterns during the transition from childhood to adolescence and their association with adiposity: a prospective study based on compositional data analysis. Arch Public Health 2022; 80:1. [PMID: 34983643 PMCID: PMC8725475 DOI: 10.1186/s13690-021-00755-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background To date, no longitudinal study using a compositional approach has examined sedentary behavior (SB) patterns in relation to adiposity in the pediatric population. Therefore, our aims were to (1) investigate the changes in SB patterns and adiposity from childhood to adolescence, (2) analyze the prospective compositional associations between changes in SB patterns and adiposity, and (3) estimate the changes in adiposity associated with substituting SB with physical activity (PA) of different intensities. Methods The study presents a longitudinal design with a 5-year follow-up. A total of 88 participants (61% girls) were included in the analysis. PA and SB were monitored for seven consecutive days using a hip-worn accelerometer. Adiposity markers (fat mass percentage [FM%], fat mass index [FMI], and visceral adiposity tissue [VAT]) were assessed using the multi-frequency bioimpedance analysis. The prospective associations were examined using compositional data analysis. Results Over the follow-up period, the proportion of time spent in total SB increased by 154.8 min/day (p < 0.001). The increase in total SB was caused mainly by an increase in middle and long sedentary bouts, as these SB periods increased by 79.8 min/day and 62.0 min/day (p < 0.001 for both), respectively. FM%, FMI, and VAT increased by 2.4% points, 1.0 kg/m2, and 31.5 cm2 (p < 0.001 for all), respectively. Relative to the remaining movement behaviors, the increase in time spent in middle sedentary bouts was significantly associated with higher FM% (βilr1 = 0.27, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.02 to 0.53) at follow-up. Lower VAT by 3.3% (95% CI: 0.8 to 5.7), 3.8% (95% CI: 0.03 to 7.4), 3.9% (95% CI: 0.8 to 6.9), and 3.8% (95% CI: 0.7 to 6.9) was associated with substituting 15 min/week spent in total SB and in short, middle, and long sedentary bouts, respectively, with an equivalent amount of time spent in vigorous PA. Conclusions This study showed unfavorable changes in SB patterns and adiposity status in the transition from childhood to adolescence. Incorporating high-intensity PA at the expense of SB appears to be an appropriate approach to reduce the risk of excess adiposity in the pediatric population. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13690-021-00755-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukáš Rubín
- Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic.,Faculty of Science, Humanities and Education, Technical University of Liberec, Liberec, Czech Republic
| | - Aleš Gába
- Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
| | - Jana Pelclová
- Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Nikola Štefelová
- Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Lukáš Jakubec
- Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Dygrýn
- Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Karel Hron
- Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
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Association between Metabolic Syndrome Diagnosis and the Physical Activity-Sedentary Profile of Adolescents with Obesity: A Complementary Analysis of the Beta-JUDO Study. Nutrients 2021; 14:nu14010060. [PMID: 35010936 PMCID: PMC8746544 DOI: 10.3390/nu14010060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is highly prevalent in children and adolescents with obesity and places them at an increased risk of cardiovascular-related diseases. However, the associations between objectively measured movement-related behaviors and MetS diagnosis remain unexplored in youths with obesity. The aim was to compare profiles of sedentary (SED) time (more sedentary, SED+ vs. less sedentary, SED−), moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) time (more active, MVPA+ vs. less active, MVPA−) and combinations of behaviors (SED−/MVPA+, SED−/MVPA−, SED+/MVPA+, SED+/MVPA−) regarding the MetS diagnosis. One hundred and thirty-four adolescents with obesity (13.4 ± 2.2 years) underwent 24 h/7 day accelerometry, waist circumference (WC), blood pressure (BP), high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-c), triglycerides (TG) and insulin-resistance (IR) assessments. Cumulative cardiometabolic risk was assessed by using (i) MetS status (usual dichotomic definition) and (ii) cardiometabolic risk z-score (MetScore, mean of standardized WC, BP, IR, TG and inverted HDL-c). SED− vs. SED+ and MVPA+ vs. MVPA− had lower MetS (p < 0.01 and p < 0.001) and MetScore (p < 0.001). SED−/MVPA+ had the lowest risk. While SED and MVPA times were lower in SED−/MVPA− vs. SED+/MVPA+ (p < 0.001), MetScore was lower in SED−/MVPA− independently of body mass index (BMI) (p < 0.05). MVPA, but not SED, time was independently associated with MetS diagnosis (p < 0.05). Both MVPA (p < 0.01) and SED times (p < 0.05) were associated with MetScore independently of each other. A higher MVPA and lower SED time are associated with lower cumulative cardiometabolic risk.
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19
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de Souza AA, Mota JAPS, da Silva GMG, Tassitano RM, Clark CCT, Duncan MJ, Martins CMDL. Associations between Movement Behaviours and Obesity Markers among Preschoolers Compliant and Non-Compliant with Sleep Duration: A Latent Profile Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:9492. [PMID: 34574417 PMCID: PMC8472778 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18189492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
This study identifies physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviour (SB) clusters in preschoolers compliant (C) or non-compliant (NC) with sleep recommendations; and associates these clusters with obesity markers. PA and SB were objectively assessed (Actigraph WGT3-X) in 272 preschoolers (4.4 ± 0.7 years old). Sleep duration was parent-reported, and preschoolers were classified as C (3-4 years old: 600-780 min/day; 5 years old: 540-660 min/day) or NC with sleep recommendations. Body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) were assessed according to international protocols. Moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and light physical activity (LPA) were categorized as low/high (<60 min/>60 min/day or <180 min/180 min/day, respectively). SB was defined according to mean values between clusters. Latent profile analysis was performed. Associations between the observed clusters and obesity markers were determined using linear regression (RStudio; 1.3.1073). Four cluster solutions for C and NC preschoolers were identified. A negative association between C/Low MVPA cluster and BMI, and a positive association between NC/Low MVPA and BMI (β = -0.8, 95%CI = -1.6;-0.1, and β = 0.9, 95%CI = 0.1;1.7, respectively) were observed. No association was seen for SB clusters. Adequate sleep duration may have a protective role for preschoolers' BMI, even if the children do not comply with MVPA recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alesandra A. de Souza
- Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Tocantins, Tocantinopolis 77900-000, Brazil
| | - Jorge A. P. S. Mota
- Research Centre of Physical Activity, Health and Leisure, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (J.A.P.S.M.); (C.M.d.L.M.)
- Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), 4050-091 Porto, Portugal
| | - Gustavo M. G. da Silva
- Research Centre in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), University of Maia (ISMAI), 4475-690 Maia, Portugal;
| | - Rafael M. Tassitano
- Department of Physical Education, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Recife 50010-000, Brazil;
| | - Cain C. T. Clark
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry CV1 5FB, UK;
| | - Michael J. Duncan
- Centre for Applied Biological and Exercise Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry CV1 5FB, UK;
| | - Clarice M. de L. Martins
- Research Centre of Physical Activity, Health and Leisure, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (J.A.P.S.M.); (C.M.d.L.M.)
- Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), 4050-091 Porto, Portugal
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20
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Miron VD, Bar G, Filimon C, Gaidamut VA, Craiu M. Monitoring of Excess Body Weight in Children in the Emergency Department of a Tertiary Pediatric Hospital in Bucharest, Romania. MAEDICA 2021; 16:389-393. [PMID: 34925592 PMCID: PMC8643556 DOI: 10.26574/maedica.2021.16.3.389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: Excess body weight in children has become a public health issue in most countries. The aim of our study was to determine the prevalence of overweight and obesity in children over two years of age who presented at the Emergency Department of a tertiary pediatric hospital in Bucharest, Romania. Methods: Between July and August 2018, we conducted a prospective study among children who presented at the Emergency Department of "Alessandrescu-Rusescu" National Institute for Mother and Child Health, Bucharest, Romania. We collected data on weight, height and blood pressure classified by age and gender. Results: A total of 335 children aged 2 to 18 years were included in our study. A quarter of them had above normal body mass index values, 7.5% were overweight and 18.5% obese. Also, when measuring blood pressure, we observed increased values in 29.3% (n=98) of them. Among children with excess body weight, nearly a half (49.4%, n=47) had higher than normal blood pressure values. Conclusions: Excess body weight in children has become a public health issue in most countries. The aim of our study was to determine the prevalence of overweight and obesity in children over two years of age who presented at the Emergency Department of a tertiary pediatric hospital in Bucharest, Romania.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Daniel Miron
- "Alessandrescu-Rusescu" National Institute for Mother and Child Health, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Gabriela Bar
- "Alessandrescu-Rusescu" National Institute for Mother and Child Health, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Claudiu Filimon
- "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | | | - Mihai Craiu
- "Alessandrescu-Rusescu" National Institute for Mother and Child Health, Bucharest, Romania
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21
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Liao J, Cao C, Hur J, Cohen J, Chen W, Zong X, Colditz G, Yang L, Stamatakis E, Cao Y. Association of sedentary patterns with body fat distribution among US children and adolescents: a population-based study. Int J Obes (Lond) 2021; 45:2048-2057. [PMID: 34127804 PMCID: PMC8384710 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-021-00874-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Children and adolescents spend a substantial amount of time being sedentary. The impact of prolonged sedentary patterns on fat distribution has not been elucidated especially in the context of physical activity level. Our objective is to examine the independent and joint associations of prolonged sedentary patterns and physical activity level with fat distribution among children and adolescents. SUBJECTS/METHODS This included US children (8-11 years) and adolescents (12-19 years) from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2003-2006. Sedentary patterns comprise accelerometer-measured average sedentary bout duration and self-reported time of sitting watching TV/videos. Fat distribution (trunk and total fat percentage) was determined via dual X-ray absorptiometry. RESULTS Among 810 children and 2062 adolescents, average sedentary bout duration was associated with greater total and trunk fat percentages only among male children, after adjusting for moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) level by accelerometer. Prolonged sitting watching TV/videos was associated with higher total and trunk fat percentages in male children and all adolescents, independent of levels of MVPA (all P for trend <0.05). Compared with ≤1 h/day, male children who spent ≥4 h/day sitting watching TV/videos had 4.43% higher trunk fat (95% CI, 1.69-7.17%), with similar associations for female (3.53%; 95% CI, 1.03-6.03%) and male adolescents (4.78%; 95% CI, 2.97-6.60%). About 13-17% children and adolescents spent <1 h on MVPA and ≥4 h sitting watching TV/videos per day. Compared with the most active group (MVPA ≥ 1 h/day and sitting watching TV/videos ≤1 h/day), trunk fat in this least active group was 6.21% higher in female children, 9.90% higher in male children, 6.84% higher in female adolescents, and 5.36% higher in male adolescents. CONCLUSIONS Prolonged time spent on sitting watching TV/videos was associated with fat accumulation among children and adolescents, independent of physical activity level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwen Liao
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA,Scientific Research Center, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chao Cao
- Program in Physical Therapy, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jinhee Hur
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jason Cohen
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Winston Chen
- Ladue Horton Watkins High School, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Xiaoyu Zong
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Graham Colditz
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA,Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Lin Yang
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Canada,Departments of Oncology and Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Emmanuel Stamatakis
- Charles Perkins Centre, School of Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Yin Cao
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA,Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA,Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
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22
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Replacing school and out-of-school sedentary behaviors with physical activity and its associations with adiposity in children and adolescents: a compositional isotemporal substitution analysis. Environ Health Prev Med 2021; 26:16. [PMID: 33504330 PMCID: PMC7842010 DOI: 10.1186/s12199-021-00932-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known on how context-specific sedentary behaviors (SB) affect adiposity. This study aimed to investigate compositional associations between context-specific SB and adiposity and estimate the differences in adiposity associated with replacing school and out-of-school SB with physical activity (PA). METHODS This study included 336 children and adolescents. Time spent in SB and PA was estimated using multi-day 24-hour raw accelerometer data. SB and PA were specified for school and out-of-school times. Fat mass percentage (FM%) and fat mass index (FMI) were used as adiposity indicators. A compositional isotemporal substitution model was used to estimate differences in adiposity associated with one-to-one reallocations of time from context-specific SB to PA. RESULTS Participants spent approximately two thirds of their school and out-of-school time being sedentary. Relative to the remaining 24-h movement behaviors, significant associations between out-of-school SB and adiposity were found in both boys (βilr1 = 0.63, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.03-1.22 for FM%; βilr1 = 0.76, 95% CI = 0.03-1.49 for FMI) and girls (βilr1 = 0.62, 95% CI = 0.25-0.98 for FM%; βilr1 = 0.80, 95% CI = 0.28-1.32 for FMI). Replacing 30 min/day of out-of-school SB with out-of-school light PA decreased FM% by 10.1% (95% CI = 3.3-17.9) and FMI by 14% (95% CI = 2.7-24) in girls. No significant associations were found for school SB. CONCLUSIONS A reduction of out-of-school SB in favor of light PA should be advocated as an appropriate target for interventions and strategies to prevent childhood obesity.
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23
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Lu Y, Li Y, Zhou T, Sang M, Li L, Fang C, Hu W, Quan M. The Association of Different Sedentary Patterns and Health-Related Physical Fitness in Pre-schoolers. Front Pediatr 2021; 9:796417. [PMID: 35047464 PMCID: PMC8763387 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2021.796417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The results of sedentary time (ST) and health-related physical fitness (HPF) are not completely consistent and the studies concentrated on pre-schoolers are very limited. Methods: We measured ST and ST patterns (ST Bouts time, ST Breaks times) by accelerometer. The health-related physical fitness T-score (HPFT) was calculated by five indexes: height-weight standard score, 20 m shuttle-run test, grip strength, standing long jump and 2 × 10 m shuttle-run test. Results: We included 375 pre-schoolers (211 boys, 164 girls) in the final analysis. The total ST and ST Bouts times negatively correlated with HPFT in pre-schoolers. HPFT reduced by 1.69 and 0.70 points per 10 min increased in total ST and ST Bouts times, respectively. HPFT of the highest quartile group reduced by 9.85 points in total ST, and 10.54 points in ST Bouts time compared with the lowest quartile group. However, the HPFT increased by 0.09 points per 10 times increased in ST Breaks times; the HPFT increased by 16.21 and 15.59 points when moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) replaced total ST and ST Bouts time. Conclusions: HPF negatively correlated with the Total ST and ST Bouts times, but positively correlated with ST Breaks times; and HPF significantly improved when MVPA replaced ST in pre-schoolers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhua Lu
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China.,Sports Department, Zhengzhou Business University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yiyan Li
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Tang Zhou
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Menghao Sang
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Longkai Li
- Dianfeng Fit Research Institute of Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunyi Fang
- Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine Research Institute of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenwen Hu
- Department of Physical Education, Institute of Disaster Prevention, Sanhe, China
| | - Minghui Quan
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Base of Exercise and Metabolic Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
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24
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Teachers' Perspective on Strategies to Reduce Sedentary Behavior in Educational Institutions. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17228407. [PMID: 33202898 PMCID: PMC7696757 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17228407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Standing desks and physical activity breaks can counteract the negative consequences of sedentarism at school. However, the implementation of these strategies should not restrict the pedagogical process. The aim of this study was to assess teachers’ perspectives on strategies to reduce sedentary behavior (SB) of students in the classroom. An online survey was conducted, and the answers were analyzed using descriptive statistics and frequency distribution. The relationships between the variables were assessed using Spearman’s coefficient and a chi-square test. Most teachers believed that a student–furniture mismatch was present. The most common reasons given for not using standing desks were concerns about desks being uncommon and their potential to disrupt the class. However, the majority of the teachers believed it feasible to perform physical activity (PA) breaks during classes. Further intervention studies are needed to determine for which courses the use of standing desks are feasible, for what time periods standing desks should be used, and the appropriate number and layout of standing desks in classrooms.
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25
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Gába A, Dygrýn J, Štefelová N, Rubín L, Hron K, Jakubec L, Pedišić Ž. How do short sleepers use extra waking hours? A compositional analysis of 24-h time-use patterns among children and adolescents. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2020; 17:104. [PMID: 32795287 PMCID: PMC7427741 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-020-01004-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To examine compositional associations between short sleep duration and sedentary behavior (SB), light physical activity (LPA) and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) among children and adolescents. METHODS Multi-day 24-h data on sleep, SB, LPA and MVPA were collected using accelerometers among 343 children (8-13 years old) and 316 adolescents (14-18 years old). Children and adolescents with sleep duration of < 9 and < 8 h, respectively, were classified as short sleepers. Robust compositional regression analysis was used to examine the associations between short sleep duration and the waking-time composition. RESULTS Seventy-one percent of children and 75.3% of adolescents were classified as short sleepers. In children, being a short sleeper was associated with higher SB by 95 min/day (p < 0.001) and lower MVPA by 16 min/day (p = 0.002). Specifically, it was associated with a higher amount of time spent in long sedentary bouts (βilr1 = 0.46, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.29 to 0.62) and lower amounts of time spent in sporadic SB (βilr1 = - 0.17, 95% CI = -0.24 to - 0.10), sporadic LPA (βilr1 = - 0.09, 95% CI = -0.14 to - 0.04) and sporadic MVPA (βilr1 = - 0.17, 95% CI = -0.25 to - 0.10, p < 0.001 for all), relative to the remaining behaviours. In adolescents, being a short sleeper was associated with a higher amount of time spent in SB by 67 min/day (p = 0.001) and lower LPA by 2 min/day (p = 0.035). Specifically, it was associated with more time spent in sedentary bouts of 1-9 min (βilr1 = 0.08, 95% CI = 0.02 to 0.14, p = 0.007) and 10-29 min (βilr1 = 0.10, 95% CI = 0.02 to 0.18, p = 0.015), relative to the remaining behaviours. CONCLUSIONS Among children and adolescents, short sleep duration seems to be highly prevalent and associated with less healthy waking time. Public health interventions and strategies to tackle the high prevalence of short sleep duration among children and adolescents are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleš Gába
- Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
| | - Jan Dygrýn
- Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Nikola Štefelová
- Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Lukáš Rubín
- Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic.,Faculty of Science, Humanities and Education, Technical University of Liberec, Liberec, Czech Republic
| | - Karel Hron
- Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Lukáš Jakubec
- Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Željko Pedišić
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia
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26
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Jakubec L, Gába A, Dygrýn J, Rubín L, Šimůnek A, Sigmund E. Is adherence to the 24-hour movement guidelines associated with a reduced risk of adiposity among children and adolescents? BMC Public Health 2020; 20:1119. [PMID: 32677940 PMCID: PMC7364474 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-020-09213-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known about the combined effect of physical activity (PA), recreational screen time (ST), and sleep in preventing childhood obesity. Hence, this study aimed to analyze the associations between meeting the PA, ST, and sleep recommendations within the 24-hour movement guidelines and adiposity indicators among children and adolescents. METHODS A total of 679 children and adolescents aged 8-18 years were included. The time spent in moderate-to-vigorous PA and the sleep duration were estimated from raw data from a wrist-worn accelerometer. Recreational ST was reported by the child or parent. Body mass index (BMI) z-score, fat mass percentage (FM%), and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) were used as adiposity indicators. Participants with ≥ 60 min/day of moderate-to-vigorous PA, < 2 h/day of recreational ST, and uninterrupted sleep for 9-11 h/day (for children) or 8-10 h/day (for adolescents) were considered to meet the overall 24-hour movement guidelines. RESULTS Meeting the ST only recommendation was associated with reduced odds of a high BMI z-score (odds ratio [OR] = 0.38, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.17-0.89), excess FM% (OR = 0.34, 95% CI: 0.13-0.93), and excess VAT (OR = 0.27, 95% CI: 0.10-0.74) in adolescents. Significantly reduced odds of a high BMI z-score was associated with meeting the combination of the ST and sleep recommendations (OR = 0.11, 95% CI: 0.01-0.89). Adolescents who met one recommendation (OR = 0.51, 95% CI: 0.27-0.96) or any two recommendations (OR = 0.33, 95% CI: 0.11-0.94) had reduced ORs of having a high BMI z-score. Adolescents had lower odds of having excess VAT if they met one recommendation (OR = 0.39, 95% CI: 0.19-0.81) or any two recommendations (OR = 0.25, 95% CI: 0.07-0.90). No significant associations were found in children. CONCLUSIONS The present study showed no associations between meeting all three recommendations within the 24-hour movement guidelines and adiposity indicators. However, meeting ST only recommendation and the combination of the ST and sleep recommendations was associated with a reduced risk of excess adiposity. This finding should be considered when designing effective strategies and interventions to prevent childhood obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukáš Jakubec
- Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacký University Olomouc, třída Míru 117, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Aleš Gába
- Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacký University Olomouc, třída Míru 117, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Dygrýn
- Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacký University Olomouc, třída Míru 117, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Lukáš Rubín
- Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacký University Olomouc, třída Míru 117, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science, Humanities and Education, Technical University of Liberec, Liberec, Czech Republic
| | - Adam Šimůnek
- Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacký University Olomouc, třída Míru 117, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Erik Sigmund
- Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacký University Olomouc, třída Míru 117, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic
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