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Heredia NI, Kyung Park S, Lee M, Mitchell-Bennett L, Yeh P, Gowen R, Rodriguez A, Lee M, Reininger BM. Changes in the Perceptions of the Neighborhood Environment and Physical Activity Patterns Among Mexican Americans on the Texas-Mexico Border. J Phys Act Health 2024; 21:906-915. [PMID: 39069288 DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2023-0575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Little research on the association of neighborhood environment with physical activity in resource-poor communities has been done. This study assessed changes in perceptions of the neighborhood environment and the association between those perceptions and physical activity in Mexican Americans on the Texas-Mexico border in an area where there would be community efforts to enhance pedestrian and cycling infrastructure and programming. METHODS We analyzed data from a population-based cohort of Mexican American individuals on the Texas-Mexico border. From 2008 to 2018, interviewer-administered questionnaires were used to collect perceptions of neighborhood environment and physical activity at baseline, 5- and 10-year follow-ups, and at other ancillary study visits, with an average of 3 data points per participant. We conducted multivariable longitudinal logistic regression analyses to assess if the changes in odds of positive perceptions of the neighborhood environment over the study years differed by physical activity patterns. RESULTS The sample (n = 1036) was mostly female (71%), born in Mexico (70%), and had no health insurance (69%). We saw improvements in the perceptions of several neighborhood environment attributes from 2008 to 2018, though we saw different longitudinal trajectories in these perceptions based on an individual's longitudinal physical activity patterns. By 2014-2018, we saw significantly higher positive perceptions of the neighborhood environment for those who consistently met physical activity guidelines compared with those who did not (adjusted rate ratio = 1.12, P = .049). DISCUSSION We found that perceptions of many neighborhood environment attributes improved between 2008 and 2018, and that overall positive perceptions were associated with consistently meeting physical activity guidelines over time.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Soo Kyung Park
- UTHealth Houston School of Public Health, Houston, TX, USA
| | - MinJae Lee
- O'Donnell School of Public Health, The University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX, USA
| | | | - Paul Yeh
- UTHealth Houston School of Public Health, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Rose Gowen
- UTHealth Houston School of Public Health in Brownsville, Brownsville, TX, USA
- City of Brownsville, Brownsville, TX, USA
| | | | - Miryoung Lee
- UTHealth Houston School of Public Health in Brownsville, Brownsville, TX, USA
| | - Belinda M Reininger
- UTHealth Houston School of Public Health in Brownsville, Brownsville, TX, USA
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Koorts H, Ma J, Swain CTV, Rutter H, Salmon J, Bolton KA. Systems approaches to scaling up: a systematic review and narrative synthesis of evidence for physical activity and other behavioural non-communicable disease risk factors. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2024; 21:32. [PMID: 38515118 PMCID: PMC10958859 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-024-01579-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are the leading causes of death worldwide. Systems approaches have potential for creating sustainable outcomes at scale but have rarely been used to support scale up in physical activity/nutrition promotion or NCD prevention more generally. This review aimed to: (i) synthesise evidence on the use of systems approaches in scaling up interventions targeting four behavioural risk factors for NCDs; and (ii) to explore how systems approaches have been conceptualised and used in intervention implementation and scale up. METHOD Seven electronic databases were searched for studies published 2016-2021. Eligible studies targeted at least one of four NCD behavioural risk factors (physical inactivity, tobacco use, alcohol consumption, diet), or described evaluation of an intervention planned for or scaled up. Studies were categorised as having a (i) high, (ii) moderate, or (iii) no use of a systems approach. A narrative synthesis of how systems approaches had been operationalised in scale up, following PRISMA guidelines. RESULTS Twenty-one intervention studies were included. Only 19% (n = 4) of interventions explicitly used systems thinking to inform intervention design, implementation and scale up (targeting all four risk factors n = 2, diet n = 1, tobacco use n = 1). Five studies ('high use') planned and implemented scale up with an explicit focus on relations between system elements and used system changes to drive impact at scale. Seven studies ('moderate use') considered systems elements impacting scale-up processes or outcomes but did not require achieving system-level changes from the outset. Nine studies ('no use') were designed to work at multiple levels among multiple agencies in an intervention setting, but the complexity of the system and relations between system elements was not articulated. We synthesised reported barriers and facilitators to scaling up, and how studies within each group conceptualised and used systems approaches, and methods, frameworks and principles for scaling up. CONCLUSION In physical activity research, and NCD prevention more broadly, the use of systems approaches in scale up remains in its infancy. For researchers, practitioners and policymakers wishing to adopt systems approaches to intervention implementation at scale, guidance is needed on how to communicate and operationalise systems approaches in research and in practice. TRIAL REGISTRATION PROSPERO (CRD42021287265).
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Affiliation(s)
- Harriet Koorts
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood Geelong, VIC, 3125, Australia.
| | - Jiani Ma
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood Geelong, VIC, 3125, Australia
| | - Christopher T V Swain
- Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine Dentistry and Health Sciences, Melbourne School of Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Harry Rutter
- Department of Social and Policy Sciences, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, UK
| | - Jo Salmon
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood Geelong, VIC, 3125, Australia
| | - Kristy A Bolton
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood Geelong, VIC, 3125, Australia
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Ten Broeke P, Gardner B, Beckers DGJ, Geurts SAE, Bijleveld E. Why do people sit? A framework for targeted behavior change. Health Psychol Rev 2023; 17:641-654. [PMID: 36343923 DOI: 10.1080/17437199.2022.2143851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
To improve health and wellbeing, it is crucial that people regularly interrupt their sitting. In this paper, we propose a framework for examining and changing sitting behavior that addresses two key steps in the process towards developing effective interventions. First, we suggest that research should move away from its current focus on sitting time, which is an outcome of behavior. Rather, researchers should focus on stand-to-sit and sit-to-stand transitions, which are discrete units of behavior. Second, drawing on goal hierarchy models, we suggest that people rarely engage in stand-to-sit and sit-to-stand transitions for the purpose of being in a sitting or standing position; rather, we suggest that these transitions are means to higher-order goals (e.g., to complete work tasks, to watch television, to eat dinner). To improve adherence to and effectiveness of sitting behavior interventions, intervention designers should aim to increase the frequency of sit-to-stand (and stand-to-sit) transitions. To achieve this aim, intervention designers should capitalize on the higher-order goals that are typically served by these transitions. We suggest four concrete intervention strategies to increase sit-to-stand transitions in congruence with people's everyday goals. We also describe the implications of our framework for theory and methods in sitting behavior research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pam Ten Broeke
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | | | - Debby G J Beckers
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Sabine A E Geurts
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Erik Bijleveld
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
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Wang J, Zhang L, Wang S, Zhang L. Living arrangements, health lifestyles, and health outcomes among Chinese oldest-old. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1235768. [PMID: 37876711 PMCID: PMC10591327 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1235768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Prior literature has documented a strong correlation between living arrangements and older adults' health outcomes. However, few studies have explained why this association exists. This study took the health lifestyle theory approach and brought health lifestyles into the link between living arrangements and Chinese oldest-old health outcomes. It examined (1) whether healthy lifestyle behaviors among the oldest-old varied by household contexts and (2) whether the health disparities among the Chinese oldest-old in different household contexts could be partially explained by their healthy lifestyles. Methods Using the most recent 2018 data released by the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS), latent class analysis was applied to identify predominant health lifestyles among the Chinese oldest-old aged 85-105 years. Regression analyses were used to test the mediating effect of health lifestyles. Results Three distinct classes representing the health lifestyles of Chinese oldest-old emerged; health lifestyle patterns were found to vary by elders' living arrangements. The respondent's health lifestyles in diverse residential structures served as a mediator which can partially explain the health disparities among the oldest-old. Conclusion The results suggested that health lifestyles can serve as a mediator to explain the association between oldest-old living arrangement patterns and their health outcomes. The findings highlighted the importance of family, lifestyles, and cultural contexts to the health of the oldest-old.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wang
- School of Law, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Lanxi Zhang
- Department of Sociology and Anthropology, School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Shen Wang
- School of International Relations, Beijing International Studies University, Beijing, China
| | - Li Zhang
- School of Sociology, China University of Political Science and Law, Beijing, China
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Dietz de Loos A, Jiskoot G, van den Berg-Emons R, Louwers Y, Beerthuizen A, van Busschbach J, Laven J. The Effect of Tailored Short Message Service (SMS) on Physical Activity: Results from a Three-Component Randomized Controlled Lifestyle Intervention in Women with PCOS. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12072466. [PMID: 37048550 PMCID: PMC10094796 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12072466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
This analysis of secondary outcome measures of a randomized controlled trial was conducted to study the effect of a one-year three-component (cognitive behavioural therapy, diet, exercise) lifestyle intervention (LSI), with or without additional Short Message Service (SMS) support, on physical activity and aerobic capacity in overweight or obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Women diagnosed with PCOS and a BMI > 25 kg/m2 were randomly assigned to LSI with SMS support (SMS+, n = 60), LSI without SMS support (SMS-, n = 63) or care as usual (CAU, n = 60) in order to lose weight. Based on results from the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), we found a significant within-group increase after one year for SMS+ in the high physical activity category (+31%, p < 0.01) and sitting behaviour decreased (Δ -871 min/week, p < 0.01). Moreover, the peak cycle ergometer workload increased within SMS+ (Δ +10 watts, p < 0.01). The SMS+ group also demonstrated a significantly different increase in walking metabolic equivalent of task minutes (METmin)/week compared with CAU after one year (Δ 1106 METmin/week, p < 0.05). Apart from this increase in walking activity, no other between-group differences were found in this trial. Overall, based on within-group results, SMS support seemed to help with improving physical activity and aerobic capacity and decreasing sedentary behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Dietz de Loos
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Geranne Jiskoot
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry, Section Medical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rita van den Berg-Emons
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Yvonne Louwers
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Annemerle Beerthuizen
- Department of Psychiatry, Section Medical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jan van Busschbach
- Department of Psychiatry, Section Medical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Joop Laven
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Clusters of Activity-Related Social and Physical Home Environmental Factors and Their Association With Children's Home-Based Physical Activity and Sitting. Pediatr Exerc Sci 2023; 35:23-34. [PMID: 35940584 DOI: 10.1123/pes.2021-0174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Understanding which physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior correlates cluster in children is important, particularly in the home, where children spend significant time. Therefore, this study aimed to assess clustering of physical and social activity-related factors at home, and whether these clusters are related to home-based sitting and PA in children. A secondary aim was to explore whether the clusters were associated with child, parent, and family characteristics. METHODS Altogether, 235 children (55% girls, mean age = 10.2 [0.7] y) and their parents took part. Physical (eg, PA and electronic media equipment, house and garden size, layout) and social (eg, activity preferences, priorities, parental rules) home environmental factors were obtained via the HomeSPACE-II audit and self-report, respectively. Principal component analysis was used to identify clusters of physical and social environmental factors. Backward regression analysis and partial correlations were used to examine relationships between clusters, children's device-measured home-based activity behaviors, and background characteristics. RESULTS The findings show that physical and social environment activity-related factors at home cluster. The clusters were associated with several background characteristics, with socioeconomic factors appearing to be particularly influential. The clusters were also associated with home-based activity behaviors in the hypothesized directions. CONCLUSION Interventions which target clusters of social and physical factors at home, especially among low-socioeconomic status families, are warranted.
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Rodríguez-González P, Iglesias D, Fernandez-Rio J, Gao Z. Effectiveness of interventions using apps to improve physical activity, sedentary behavior and diet: An umbrella review. Complement Ther Clin Pract 2023; 50:101711. [PMID: 36509032 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2022.101711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Technology has been recently found to be an effective tool to deliver public health interventions [1]. More specifically, the effects of interventions using apps to improve health have been targeted lately [2]. The goal of the present study was to conduct a systematic review of systematic reviews to summarize the scientific evidence. Three research questions were formulated to guide the research: RQ1. Are interventions using apps effective to improve PA? RQ2. Are interventions using apps effective to improve sedentary behavior? RQ3. Are interventions using apps effective to improve diet? This review of reviews was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42022345909). Systematic reviews were included following the PICOTS framework (population, intervention, comparator, outcomes, time and setting). In addition, reviews with several research objectives were included only when they comprised more than two-thirds of the studies analyzing one or more of the objectives of this review. As a result, 12 systematic reviews were selected for data extraction. Findings uncovered that apps could be effective to improve individuals' PA, sedentary behavior and diet. However, elements like the intervention components, the context/environment/setting, the length of the intervention or the population targeted should be carefully considered in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Rodríguez-González
- School of Kinesiology, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, USA; Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Damián Iglesias
- Teacher Training College, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Javier Fernandez-Rio
- Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Zan Gao
- School of Kinesiology, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, USA.
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Motuma A, Gobena T, Roba KT, Berhane Y, Worku A. Long sedentary time is associated with worsened cardiometabolic risk factors among university employees in Eastern Ethiopia. Sci Rep 2022; 12:22431. [PMID: 36575186 PMCID: PMC9794682 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-26762-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Sedentary time is associated with increased risks of detrimental health outcomes. Prolonged sedentary time associates with cardiometabolic risk factors and increased mortality regardless of physical activity. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the associations of sedentary time and cardiometabolic risk factors among university employees in Eastern Ethiopia. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 1200 participants. Data were collected using the World Health Organization STEPS survey instrument, and sedentary behavior questionnaire in hour per day. Sedentary time is the time spent for any duration (minutes per day or hours per day) by considering a local context. Study participants were asked how many minutes or hours they spent in sedentary time at work, their leisure time and in transportation. Finally, the total sedentary time was calculated by the sum of the individual spent in sedentary time at work, leisure, and transportation. Cardiometabolic risk factors were assessed with blood samples analysis and anthropometric measurements. The associations between sedentary time and cardiometabolic risk factors were examined using linear regression models. An adjusted coefficient (β) with the 95% confidence interval (CI) was used to report the results. p value < 0.05 was considered for statistical significance. The mean age of the study participants were (35 ± 9.4 years). Almost half of the study participants, 566 (48.6) were women and 598 (51.4%) were men. As the total sedentary time was increased by one unit, the body mass index increased by β = 0.61; (95% CI 0.49-0.71),waist circumference increased by β = 1.48; (95% CI 1.14-1.82), diastolic blood pressure increased by β = 0.87; (95% CI 0.56-1.18), systolic blood pressure increased by β = 0.95; (95% CI 0.45-1.48), triglycerides increased by β = 7.07; (95% CI 4.01-10.14), total cholesterol increased by β = 3.52; (95% CI 2.02-5.02), fasting plasma glucose increased by β = 4.15; (95% CI 5.31-4.98) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol increased by β = 2.14; (95% CI 0.96-3.33) with the effects of other variables maintain constant. These findings depict the need for strategies that policymakers should promote physical activity and encouraging the breaking up of prolonged sedentary time to reduce cardiometabolic risk factors among university employees in Ethiopia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aboma Motuma
- grid.192267.90000 0001 0108 7468School of Nursing and Midwifery, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, P.O. Box: 235, Harar, Ethiopia
| | - Tesfaye Gobena
- grid.192267.90000 0001 0108 7468Department of Environmental Health Science, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
| | - Kedir Teji Roba
- grid.192267.90000 0001 0108 7468School of Nursing and Midwifery, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, P.O. Box: 235, Harar, Ethiopia
| | - Yemane Berhane
- grid.458355.a0000 0004 9341 7904Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Addis Continental Institute of Public Health, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Alemayehu Worku
- grid.7123.70000 0001 1250 5688Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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Shimonovich M, Pearce A, Thomson H, Katikireddi SV. Causal assessment in evidence synthesis: A methodological review of reviews. Res Synth Methods 2022; 13:405-423. [PMID: 35560730 PMCID: PMC9543433 DOI: 10.1002/jrsm.1569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
In fields (such as population health) where randomised trials are often lacking, systematic reviews (SRs) can harness diversity in study design, settings and populations to assess the evidence for a putative causal relationship. SRs may incorporate causal assessment approaches (CAAs), sometimes called 'causal reviews', but there is currently no consensus on how these should be conducted. We conducted a methodological review of self-identifying 'causal reviews' within the field of population health to establish: (1) which CAAs are used; (2) differences in how CAAs are implemented; (3) how methods were modified to incorporate causal assessment in SRs. Three databases were searched and two independent reviewers selected reviews for inclusion. Data were extracted using a standardised form and summarised using tabulation and narratively. Fifty-three reviews incorporated CAAs: 46/53 applied Bradford Hill (BH) viewpoints/criteria, with the remainder taking alternative approaches: Medical Research Council guidance on natural experiments (2/53, 3.8%); realist reviews (2/53, 3.8%); horizontal SRs (1/53, 1.9%); 'sign test' of causal mechanisms (1/53, 1.9%); and a causal cascade model (1/53, 1.9%). Though most SRs incorporated BH, there was variation in application and transparency. There was considerable overlap across the CAAs, with a trade-off between breadth (BH viewpoints considered a greater range of causal characteristics) and depth (many alternative CAAs focused on one viewpoint). Improved transparency in the implementation of CAA in SRs in needed to ensure their validity and allow robust assessments of causality within evidence synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Shimonovich
- MRC/CSO Social & Public Health Sciences UnitUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowUK
| | - Anna Pearce
- MRC/CSO Social & Public Health Sciences UnitUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowUK
| | - Hilary Thomson
- MRC/CSO Social & Public Health Sciences UnitUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowUK
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Yang Y, Boulton E, Todd C. Measurement of Adherence to mHealth Physical Activity Interventions and Exploration of the Factors That Affect the Adherence: Scoping Review and Proposed Framework. J Med Internet Res 2022; 24:e30817. [PMID: 35675111 PMCID: PMC9218881 DOI: 10.2196/30817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mobile health (mHealth) is widely used as an innovative approach to delivering physical activity (PA) programs. Users' adherence to mHealth programs is important to ensure the effectiveness of mHealth-based programs. OBJECTIVE Our primary aim was to review the literature on the methods used to assess adherence, factors that could affect users' adherence, and the investigation of the association between adherence and health outcomes. Our secondary aim was to develop a framework to understand the role of adherence in influencing the effectiveness of mHealth PA programs. METHODS MEDLINE, PsycINFO, EMBASE, and CINAHL databases were searched to identify studies that evaluated the use of mHealth to promote PA in adults aged ≥18 years. We used critical interpretive synthesis methods to summarize the data collected. RESULTS In total, 54 papers were included in this review. We identified 31 specific adherence measurement methods, which were summarized into 8 indicators; these indicators were mapped to 4 dimensions: length, breadth, depth, and interaction. Users' characteristics (5 factors), technology-related factors (12 factors), and contextual factors (1 factor) were reported to have impacts on adherence. The included studies reveal that adherence is significantly associated with intervention outcomes, including health behaviors, psychological indicators, and clinical indicators. A framework was developed based on these review findings. CONCLUSIONS This study developed an adherence framework linking together the adherence predictors, comprehensive adherence assessment, and clinical effectiveness. This framework could provide evidence for measuring adherence comprehensively and guide further studies on adherence to mHealth-based PA interventions. Future research should validate the utility of this proposed framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.,Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Elisabeth Boulton
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.,Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Chris Todd
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.,Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom.,Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
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Park SY, Wooden TK, Pekas EJ, Anderson CP, Yadav SK, Slivka DR, Layec G. Effects of passive and active leg movements to interrupt sitting in mild hypercapnia on cardiovascular function in healthy adults. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2022; 132:874-887. [PMID: 35175102 PMCID: PMC8934680 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00799.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Prolonged sitting in a mild hypercapnic environment impairs peripheral vascular function. The effects of sitting interruptions using passive or active skeletal muscle contractions are still unclear. Therefore, we sought to examine the vascular effects of brief periods (2 min every half hour) of passive and active lower limb movement to interrupt prolonged sitting with mild hypercapnia in adults. Fourteen healthy adults (24 ± 2 yr) participated in three experimental visits sitting for 2.5 h in a mild hypercapnic environment (CO2 = 1,500 ppm): control (CON, no limb movement), passive lower limb movement (PASS), and active lower limb movement (ACT) during sitting. At all visits, brachial and popliteal artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD), microvascular function, plasmatic levels of nitrate/nitrite and endothelin-1, and heart rate variability were assessed before and after sitting. Brachial and popliteal artery FMDs were reduced in CON and PASS (P < 0.05) but were preserved (P > 0.05) in ACT. Microvascular function was blunted in CON (P < 0.05) but was preserved in PASS and ACT (P > 0.05). In addition, total plasma nitrate/nitrite was preserved in ACT (P > 0.05) but was reduced in CON and PASS (P < 0.05), and endothelin-1 levels were decreased in ACT (P < 0.05). Both passive and active movement induced a greater ratio between the low-frequency and high-frequency bands for heart rate variability (P < 0.05). For the first time, to our knowledge, we found that brief periods of passive leg movement can preserve microvascular function, but that an intervention that elicits larger increases in shear rate, such as low-intensity exercise, is required to fully protect both macrovascular and microvascular function and circulating vasoactive substance balance.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Passive leg movement could not preserve macrovascular endothelial function, whereas active leg movement could protect endothelial function. Attenuated microvascular function can be salvaged by passive movement and active movement. Preservation of macrovascular hemodynamics and plasma total nitrate/nitrite and endothelin-1 during prolonged sitting requires active movement. These findings dissociate the impacts induced by mechanical stress (passive movement) from the change in metabolism (active movement) on the vasculature during prolonged sitting in a mild hypercapnic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song-Young Park
- 1School of Health and Kinesiology, University of Nebraska Omaha, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - TeSean K. Wooden
- 1School of Health and Kinesiology, University of Nebraska Omaha, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Elizabeth J. Pekas
- 1School of Health and Kinesiology, University of Nebraska Omaha, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Cody P. Anderson
- 1School of Health and Kinesiology, University of Nebraska Omaha, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Santosh K. Yadav
- 2Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Dustin R. Slivka
- 1School of Health and Kinesiology, University of Nebraska Omaha, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Gwenael Layec
- 3Department of Kinesiology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts,4Institute for Applied Life Sciences, Amherst, Massachusetts
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12
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Carriedo A, Cecchini JA. A Longitudinal Examination of Withholding All or Part of School Recess on Children's Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior: Evidence from a Natural Experiment. EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION JOURNAL 2022; 51:605-614. [PMID: 35233160 PMCID: PMC8870077 DOI: 10.1007/s10643-022-01325-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
School recess is a daily opportunity for school-age students to be physically active. However, in some territories teachers often use recess for other purposes (e.g., children's poor classroom behavior might be punished with reduced time for recess). This study aimed to examine the impact of such practices on children's physical activity (PA) and the relationships between PA, gender, body mass index (BMI), and academic achievement. Forty-six first-grade students from two natural classrooms wore an accelerometer over the course of 6 weeks to measure their metabolic equivalent of task (METs) and sedentary behavior during school recess. Gender, age, BMI, the classroom to which students belonged, and academic achievement were also analyzed in two Generalized Estimating Equations models. Results revealed that boys achieved more METs and spent less time participating in sedentary behavior than girls during recess. Children within a healthy weight range of BMI yielded more METs than underweight and overweight/obese children. Academic achievement was positively associated with the METS and negatively with the sedentary behavior. Finally, withholding all or part of school recess significantly reduced children's PA and extended their sedentary behavior. The literature indicates that school recess plays an important role in promoting numerous children's health outcomes. Therefore, students should not be excluded from participation in all or part of recess.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Carriedo
- Department of Education Sciences, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
- Department of Education Sciences, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Oviedo, C/ Aniceto Sela, s/n, Office 215, Oviedo, Spain
| | - José A. Cecchini
- Department of Education Sciences, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
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Nnate DA, Eleazu CO, Abaraogu UO. Ischemic Heart Disease in Nigeria: Exploring the Challenges, Current Status, and Impact of Lifestyle Interventions on Its Primary Healthcare System. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 19:211. [PMID: 35010468 PMCID: PMC8751082 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19010211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The burden of ischemic heart disease in Nigeria calls for an evidence-based, innovative, and interdisciplinary approach towards decreasing health inequalities resulting from individual lifestyle and poor socioeconomic status in order to uphold the holistic health of individuals to achieve global sustainability and health equity. The poor diagnosis and management of ischemic heart disease in Nigeria contributes to the inadequate knowledge of its prognosis among individuals, which often results in a decreased ability to seek help and self-care. Hence, current policies aimed at altering lifestyle behaviour to minimize exposure to cardiovascular risk factors may be less suitable for Nigeria's diverse culture. Mitigating the burden of ischemic heart disease through the equitable access to health services and respect for the autonomy and beliefs of individuals in view of achieving Universal Health Coverage (UHC) requires comprehensive measures to accommodate, as much as possible, every individual, notwithstanding their values and socioeconomic status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel A. Nnate
- Department of Nursing and Community Health, School of Health and Life Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow G4 0BA, UK
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health and Social Care, University of Chester, Chester CH1 1SL, UK
| | - Chinedum O. Eleazu
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Ndufu-Alike, Abakaliki 482131, Ebonyi State, Nigeria;
| | - Ukachukwu O. Abaraogu
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation, University of Nigeria, Enugu 410001, Enugu State, Nigeria;
- Department of Physiotherapy and Paramedicine, School of Health and Life Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow G4 0BA, UK
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Crespo PA, Machado AKF, Nunes BP, Wehrmeister FC. Prevalence of behavioral health risk factors and their simultaneous occurrence among students at a public university in Pelotas, state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, 2017. EPIDEMIOLOGIA E SERVIÇOS DE SAÚDE 2021; 30:e2021186. [PMID: 34878045 DOI: 10.1590/s1679-49742021000400027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To estimate the prevalence of behavioral health risk factors and investigate clusters of simultaneous occurrences of these factors among students at a public university in Pelotas, state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. METHODS This was a cross-sectional study among university students in the second semester of 2017. Physical inactivity, excessive sedentary behavior, inadequate sleep duration and smoking were the factors studied. Simultaneity of risk factors was evaluated using cluster analysis, through the ratio between observed and expected prevalence, and those that did not include the unit were considered clusters. RESULTS Among 1,716 students, the prevalence of inadequate sleep duration, physical inactivity, excessive sedentary behavior and smoking were 45.2% (95%CI 42.9;47.6), 44.4% (95%CI 42.7;47.2), 39.8% (95%CI 37.7;42.2) and 10.6% (95%CI 9.6;12.5) respectively. More than 80% of the students presented at least one risk factor. The clusters identified were related to inadequate sleep duration (O/E=1.15) and physical inactivity associated with sedentary behavior (O/E=1.24). CONCLUSION High prevalence of the four risk factors studied and only two clusters were observed.
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Mañas A, Del Pozo-Cruz B, Rodríguez-Gómez I, Losa-Reyna J, Júdice PB, Sardinha LB, Rodríguez-Mañas L, García-García FJ, Ara I. Breaking Sedentary Time Predicts Future Frailty in Inactive Older Adults: A Cross-Lagged Panel Model. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2021; 76:893-900. [PMID: 32592584 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glaa159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cross-sectional evidence exists on the beneficial effects of breaks in sedentary time (BST) on frailty in older adults. Nonetheless, the longitudinal nature of these associations is unknown. This study aimed to investigate the direction and temporal order of the association between accelerometer-derived BST and frailty over time in older adults. METHODS This longitudinal study analyzed a total of 186 older adults aged 67-90 (76.7 ± 3.9 years; 52.7% females) from the Toledo Study for Healthy Aging over a 4-year period. Number of daily BST was measured by accelerometry. Frailty was assessed with the Frailty Trait Scale. Multiple cross-lagged panel models were used to test the temporal and reciprocal relationship between BST and frailty. RESULTS For those physically inactive (n = 126), our analyses revealed a reciprocal inverse relationship between BST and frailty, such as higher initial BST predicted lower levels of later frailty (standardized regression coefficient [β] = -0.150, 95% confidence interval [CI] = -0.281, -0.018; p < .05); as well as initial lower frailty levels predicted higher future BST (β = -0.161, 95% CI = -0.310, -0.011; p < .05). Conversely, no significant pathway was found in the active participants (n = 60). CONCLUSIONS In physically inactive older adults, the relationship between BST and frailty is bidirectional, while in active individuals no associations were found. This investigation provides preliminary longitudinal evidence that breaking-up sedentary time more often reduces frailty in those older adults who do not meet physical activity recommendations. Targeting frequent BST may bring a feasible approach to decrease the burden of frailty among more at-risk inactive older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asier Mañas
- GENUD Toledo Research Group, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Spain.,CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Borja Del Pozo-Cruz
- Motivation and Behaviour Research Program, Institute for Positive Psychology and Education, Faculty of Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Irene Rodríguez-Gómez
- GENUD Toledo Research Group, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Spain.,CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain
| | - José Losa-Reyna
- GENUD Toledo Research Group, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Spain.,CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain.,Geriatric Department, Hospital Virgen del Valle, Toledo, Spain
| | - Pedro B Júdice
- Exercise and Health Laboratory, CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Luís B Sardinha
- Exercise and Health Laboratory, CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Leocadio Rodríguez-Mañas
- CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain.,Geriatric Department, Hospital Universitario de Getafe, Spain
| | - Francisco J García-García
- CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain.,Geriatric Department, Hospital Virgen del Valle, Toledo, Spain
| | - Ignacio Ara
- GENUD Toledo Research Group, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Spain.,CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain
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Franssen WMA, Vanbrabant E, Cuveele E, Ivanova A, Franssen GHLM, Eijnde BO. Sedentary behaviour, physical activity and cardiometabolic health in highly trained athletes: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Sport Sci 2021; 22:1605-1617. [PMID: 34256679 DOI: 10.1080/17461391.2021.1955013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Prolonged periods of sedentary time appear to increase the risk for the development of several chronic conditions and all-cause mortality, even when moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) is taken into consideration. However, whether the beneficial health effects of MVPA in highly active individuals remain present when leisure time is spent sedentary remains speculative. Therefore, we systematically evaluated off-training sedentary behaviour and physical activity levels in athletes. Studies were collected from four bibliographic databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials). Studies were eligible for inclusion if they evaluated sedentary behaviour and physical activity levels among athletes. Data from athletes were compared with the general population and pooled using a random-effects model. After deduplication 3104 were identified of which 13 studies met inclusion criteria. Compared to the general population, athletes spent significantly more time in sedentary behaviour (+79 min/day; 95% confidence interval [CI]: [41, 65] min/day; p<0.001). In addition, athlete individuals spent less time in light intensity physical activity (-92 min/day; 95% CI: [-117, -66] min/day; p<0.001) and had increased levels of MVPA (+62 min/day; 95% CI: [38, 85] min/day; p<0.001) compared to the general population. Athletes exceed the average time spend sedentary per day and make them even more sedentary compared to the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wouter M A Franssen
- Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, REVAL - Rehabilitation Research Center, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium.,Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, SMRC - Sports Medicine Research Center, BIOMED - Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium.,Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands.,NUTRIM, School for Nutrition and Translation Research Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Eva Vanbrabant
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, SMRC - Sports Medicine Research Center, BIOMED - Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Eline Cuveele
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, SMRC - Sports Medicine Research Center, BIOMED - Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Anna Ivanova
- I-BioStat - Data Science Institute, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Gregor H L M Franssen
- Department of Education and Research Support, University Library, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Bert O Eijnde
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, SMRC - Sports Medicine Research Center, BIOMED - Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
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Sedentary Lifestyle Matters as Past Sedentariness, Not Current Sedentariness, Predicts Cognitive Inhibition Performance among College Students: An Exploratory Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18147649. [PMID: 34300101 PMCID: PMC8303919 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18147649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Background: Currently, sedentariness is assessed over a short period of time, thus it is difficult to study its cognitive implications. To investigate the cognitive consequences of a sedentary lifestyle, the past level (i.e., the sedentary time accumulated over the years) and current level of sedentariness should be considered. This pilot study aimed to investigate the negative association between a sedentary lifestyle and cognition by considering both the current and past sedentariness. It was expected that the physical activity level moderates the potential negative association between sedentariness and cognition. Methods: 52 college students (Mage = 20.19, SDage = 2; 36 women) participated in the study. Current sedentariness (ratio of sedentary time in the last year), past sedentariness (ratio of sedentary time accumulated in previous years), and physical activity (ratio of time spent in physical activity in years) were assessed using a questionnaire. Cognitive inhibition, cognitive flexibility, and working memory updating were measured through three specific tests. Results: Past sedentariness significantly explained the inhibition performance when controlled for physical activity, whereas current sedentariness did not. More precisely, past sedentariness only negatively predicted cognitive inhibition when the physical activity level was low (β = -3.15, z(48) = -2.62, p = 0.01). Conclusions: The impact of sedentariness on cognitive functioning might only be revealed when past sedentariness and physical activity are controlled.
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18
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Criterion validity of the ActiGraph and activPAL in classifying posture and motion in office-based workers: A cross-sectional laboratory study. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0252659. [PMID: 34077463 PMCID: PMC8171934 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0252659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The ActiGraph and activPAL monitors are the most frequently used thigh-worn devices to measure motion and posture, but the criterion validity to measure sitting, standing and postural transfer in the office setting is not known. Research question: To examine the criterion validity of the ActiGraph and activPAL activity monitors in repeatedly measuring a variety of different postures and motion in the office setting. Methods Twenty office workers from the University of Zurich wore an ActiGraph and activPAL during two identical laboratory experiments lasting approximately 60 minutes each, within a maximum of 7 days. The experimental setting consisted of a standard computer office workstation with an electrically powered height-adjustable desk, a swivel chair without arm rests, a standard chair, a footrest, and a bookcase. The protocol consisted of 24 pre-defined tasks mimicking sitting, standing, stepping, and postural transitions around the workplace. All tasks were supervised and observed by the same experimenter. Results In repeated measurements (40 individual experiments), the percentages of correctly classified tasks for the ActiGraph and activPAL were, respectively, 100% vs. 85% for sitting, 87% vs. 100% for standing, and 100% vs. 73% for postural transitions. Both monitors correctly identified all stepping tasks. The activPAL misclassified sitting with legs outstretched, and sitting with both feet placed beneath the chair, as standing ~25–70% and 45% of the time, respectively. The ActiGraph misclassified standing with the right foot on a footrest as sitting in 65% of events. Conclusions The ActiGraph appears to be slightly more sensitive than the activPAL with respect to the measurement of sitting and postural transitions of short duration, whereas the activPAL seems to be slightly more accurate in capturing standing postures. This knowledge will help guide researchers to choose the best suitable monitor for their research setting.
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Biddle SJH, Henson J, Davies MJ, Khunti K, Sutton S, Yates T, Edwardson CL. Device-assessed total and prolonged sitting time: associations with anxiety, depression, and health-related quality of life in adults. J Affect Disord 2021; 287:107-114. [PMID: 33774318 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.03.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Assessment of sitting has been challenging and nuances in the length of sitting are often missed. METHODS The present study assessed total, short and prolonged sitting time, and number of breaks from sitting, and their association with anxiety, depression, and health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Adults (M=59.1 years) in three studies (n=1,574) wore the activPAL accelerometer (thigh) to obtain a measure of sitting, and the Actigraph accelerometer (hip) for estimating moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). Anxiety and depression were assessed using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and HRQoL using the EQ-5D-5L (for health state and utility scores). Generalised linear modelling tested associations. RESULTS Total and prolonged sitting were associated with higher depression [total: β = 0.132 (0.010, 0.254); prolonged: β = 0.178 (0.053, 0.304)] and worse HRQoL health state scores [(total: β = -0.985 (-1.471, -0.499); prolonged: β = -0.834 (-1.301, -0.367)] and utility scores [(total: β = -0.008 (-0.012, -0.003); prolonged: β = -0.008 (-0.012, -0.004)], after controlling for covariates. MVPA was associated with better HRQoL health state and utility scores [health state: β =0.554 (0.187, 0.922); utility: β = 0.001 (0.001, 0.002)]. Total and prolonged sitting were associated with a 14% increased odds of being in the borderline/abnormal category for depression. No interactions were observed between MVPA status (active vs. inactive) and total or prolonged sitting. Anxiety was unrelated to any sitting variable. CONCLUSION Device-based measures of both total and prolonged sitting time were associated with depression and health-related quality of life, but not anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuart J H Biddle
- Centre for Health Research, University of Southern Queensland, Springfield, Australia.
| | - Joseph Henson
- Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester General Hospital Leicester LE5 4PW, UK; NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, LE5 4PW, UK
| | - Melanie J Davies
- Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester General Hospital Leicester LE5 4PW, UK; NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, LE5 4PW, UK; Leicester Diabetes Centre, University Hospitals of Leicester, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, LE5 4PW, UK
| | - Kamlesh Khunti
- Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester General Hospital Leicester LE5 4PW, UK; Leicester Diabetes Centre, University Hospitals of Leicester, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, LE5 4PW, UK; NIHR Applied Health Research Collaboration - East Midlands (NIHR ARC-EM), Leicester Diabetes Centre, Leicester, UK
| | - Stephen Sutton
- Behavioural Science Group, Primary Care Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas Yates
- Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester General Hospital Leicester LE5 4PW, UK; NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, LE5 4PW, UK; Leicester Diabetes Centre, University Hospitals of Leicester, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, LE5 4PW, UK
| | - Charlotte L Edwardson
- Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester General Hospital Leicester LE5 4PW, UK; NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, LE5 4PW, UK; Leicester Diabetes Centre, University Hospitals of Leicester, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, LE5 4PW, UK
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Zhang L, Bi X, Ding Z. Health lifestyles and Chinese oldest-old's subjective well-being-evidence from a latent class analysis. BMC Geriatr 2021; 21:206. [PMID: 33761879 PMCID: PMC7992951 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-021-02121-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Previous research on the associations between lifestyle behaviors and health has largely focused on morbidity, mortality and disease prevention. More attention should be paid to examining relationships between lifestyle behaviors and positive health outcomes such as well-being. The aim of the study was to classify Chinese oldest-old’s health lifestyles and evaluate the manner in which health lifestyles have impacted Chinese oldest-old’s subjective well-being. Methods Analyzing the 2014 Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS), latent class analysis was applied to identify predominant health lifestyles among Chinese oldest-old aged 85 to 105. Ordinary Least Square (OLS) regression models were used to assess the effects of health lifestyles on Chinese oldest-old’s subjective well-being, adjusting for socio-demographic characteristics. Results Four distinct classes representing health lifestyles emerged. Health lifestyles were found to be strongly associated with Chinese oldest-old’s subjective well-being, even after controlling for demographic features as well as individual and parental socioeconomic disadvantage. Findings showed that healthy lifestyle behaviors stimulated Chinese oldest-old’s positive feelings and led to better evaluative subjective well-being. In contrast, less healthy lifestyle behaviors can be a predictor of negative feelings. Conclusions The regression results highlighted the importance of integrating health lifestyle choices in promoting oldest-old’s psychological well-being. Elders can tackle healthier lifestyle behaviors in their daily lives to reduce the risk of mental health problems. Practicing healthy lifestyles should be integrated in programs for mental health promotion. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12877-021-02121-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- School of Sociology, China University of Political Science and Law, Beijing, 102249, China
| | - Xiangyang Bi
- School of Ethnology and Sociology, Minzu University of China, No. 27, Zhongguancunnan Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Zhihong Ding
- School of Sociology and Psychology, Central University of Finance and Economics, Beijing, 100081, China.
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Cowgill BO, Perez V, Gerdes E, Sadda A, Ly C, Slusser W, Leung A. Get up, stand up, stand up for your health! Faculty and student perspectives on addressing prolonged sitting in university settings. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2021; 69:198-207. [PMID: 32024439 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2019.1661419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Revised: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To assess awareness about prolonged sitting and acceptance of interventions to reduce bouts of prolonged sitting. Participants: Undergraduate, graduate, and professional students and faculty from a large public university. Methods: Eight focus groups were conducted with 4 groups of undergraduate students and 4 groups of graduate/professional students. Eight key informant interviews were conducted with faculty. Content analyses were performed using inductive and deductive techniques to elicit common themes. Results: Many students and faculty were not aware of the detrimental effects associated with prolonged sitting. Barriers to movement in university settings included social acceptability, environmental constraints, and academic requirements. Acceptable interventions included: faculty prompts, changes to pedagogy, educational campaigns, and structural changes to classroom designs. Conclusions: University settings represent an opportunity to address issues related to prolonged sitting that may address immediate health implications, as well as establish behaviors and practices that can be continued in work-based settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Burton O Cowgill
- Department of Health Policy and Management, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health and UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Semel Healthy Campus Initiative Center at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Vanessa Perez
- Semel Healthy Campus Initiative Center at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Ellen Gerdes
- Semel Healthy Campus Initiative Center at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Anusha Sadda
- Semel Healthy Campus Initiative Center at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Courtnie Ly
- Semel Healthy Campus Initiative Center at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Wendelin Slusser
- Semel Healthy Campus Initiative Center at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Pediatrics UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine and Department of Community Health Sciences, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Angelia Leung
- Semel Healthy Campus Initiative Center at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of World Arts and Cultures/Dance, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
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Shaikh A, Mohapatra S, Chandrasekaran B. "Occupational sitting kills; but who cares?": Quantitative analysis of barriers and facilitators of sedentary behavior in Indian white-collar workers. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH 2020; 77:96-108. [PMID: 33305687 DOI: 10.1080/19338244.2020.1853018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The knowledge, attitude and practices of employees and employers toward reducing sedentary behavior (SB) and improving physical activity (PA) at Indian workplaces remain unclear. A bespoke questionnaire assessing barriers and facilitators of occupational SB and PA practices as informed by the theoretical framework and behavioral change wheel model was adapted. Two hundred and three white-collar workers (both employees and managers) from eight corporate sectors were inquired about the SB, and PA practices at workplaces. The dichotomous variables of barriers and facilitators were analyzed by nonparametric tests. Excessive sitters had good knowledge (>75%), good attitude (>85%) but poor workplace SB and PA practice (>90%). Workplace SB, or PA practices differed between employers and employees. Low practice of workplace PA or SB interventions may be due to lack of workplace policies for SB interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfiya Shaikh
- ELMS Sports Foundation, Reliance Foundation, West Godavari, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Sidhiprada Mohapatra
- Department of Physiotherapy, Manipal College of Health Professions, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Baskaran Chandrasekaran
- Department of Exercise and Sports Sciences, Manipal College of Health Professions, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
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Environmental and Nutritional "Stressors" and Oligodendrocyte Dysfunction: Role of Mitochondrial and Endoplasmatic Reticulum Impairment. Biomedicines 2020; 8:biomedicines8120553. [PMID: 33265917 PMCID: PMC7760976 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8120553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Oligodendrocytes are myelinating cells of the central nervous system which are generated by progenitor oligodendrocytes as a result of maturation processes. The main function of mature oligodendrocytes is to produce myelin, a lipid-rich multi-lamellar membrane that wraps tightly around neuronal axons, insulating them and facilitating nerve conduction through saltatory propagation. The myelination process requires the consumption a large amount of energy and a high metabolic turnover. Mitochondria are essential organelles which regulate many cellular functions, including energy production through oxidative phosphorylation. Any mitochondrial dysfunction impacts cellular metabolism and negatively affects the health of the organism. If the functioning of the mitochondria is unbalanced, the myelination process is impaired. When myelination has finished, oligodendrocyte will have synthesized about 40% of the total lipids present in the brain. Since lipid synthesis occurs in the cellular endoplasmic reticulum, the dysfunction of this organelle can lead to partial or deficient myelination, triggering numerous neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, the induced malfunction of oligodendrocytes by harmful exogenous stimuli has been outlined. In particular, the effects of alcohol consumption and heavy metal intake are discussed. Furthermore, the response of the oligodendrocyte to excessive mitochondrial oxidative stress and to the altered regulation of the functioning of the endoplasmic reticulum will be explored.
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Moran LJ, Tassone EC, Boyle J, Brennan L, Harrison CL, Hirschberg AL, Lim S, Marsh K, Misso ML, Redman L, Thondan M, Wijeyaratne C, Garad R, Stepto NK, Teede HJ. Evidence summaries and recommendations from the international evidence-based guideline for the assessment and management of polycystic ovary syndrome: Lifestyle management. Obes Rev 2020; 21:e13046. [PMID: 32452622 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Lifestyle is fundamental in chronic disease prevention and management, and it has been recommended as a first-line treatment in the Australian polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) guideline 2011. The first international evidence-based guideline on PCOS was developed in 2018, which expanded the scope and evidence in the Australian guideline. This paper summarizes the lifestyle recommendations and evidence summaries from the guideline. International multidisciplinary guideline development groups delivered the International Evidence-based Guideline for the Assessment and Management of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome 2018. The process followed the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation II and The Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation framework. Extensive communication and meetings addressed six prioritized clinical questions through five reviews. Evidence-based recommendations were formulated before consensus voting within the panel. Evidence shows the benefits of multicomponent lifestyle intervention, efficacy of exercise and weight gain prevention with no specific diet recommended. Lifestyle management is the first-line management in the intervention hierarchy in PCOS. Multicomponent lifestyle intervention including diet, exercise and behavioural strategies is central to PCOS management with a focus on weight and healthy lifestyle behaviours. The translation programme optimizes reach and dissemination for health professionals and consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa J Moran
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicineh, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Monash Health, Clayton, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Eliza C Tassone
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicineh, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jacqueline Boyle
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicineh, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash Health, Clayton, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Leah Brennan
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Cheryce L Harrison
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicineh, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Siew Lim
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicineh, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kate Marsh
- Northside Nutrition & Dietetics, Chatswood, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Marie L Misso
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicineh, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Leanne Redman
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Mala Thondan
- Harp Family Medical, Kew East, Victoria, Australia
| | - Chandrika Wijeyaratne
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | - Rhonda Garad
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicineh, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Nigel K Stepto
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicineh, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Medicine Western Health, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, Melbourne University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Helena J Teede
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicineh, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Monash Health, Clayton, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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25
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Alansare AB, Kowalsky RJ, Jones MA, Perdomo SJ, Stoner L, Gibbs BB. The Effects of a Simulated Workday of Prolonged Sitting on Seated versus Supine Blood Pressure and Pulse Wave Velocity in Adults with Overweight/Obesity and Elevated Blood Pressure. J Vasc Res 2020; 57:355-366. [PMID: 32937620 PMCID: PMC7666078 DOI: 10.1159/000510294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We evaluated the effects of a simulated workday of prolonged sitting on blood pressure (BP) and pulse wave velocity (PWV) and examined whether posture (seated vs. supine) affected responses. Participants (n = 25) were adults, with overweight/obesity and elevated BP, and performed seated desk work for 7.5 h. BP and PWV were measured in seated and supine postures at baseline (7:15 a.m.), midday (12:05 p.m.), and afternoon (4:45 p.m.). Generalized linear mixed models evaluated the effects of prolonged sitting on BP and PWV within each posture and interactions by posture and sex. In the recommended postures, seated BP and supine carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) and carotid-ankle pulse wave velocity (caPWV), but not carotid-radial pulse wave velocity (crPWV), significantly increased over the simulated seated workday (all p < 0.05; effect sizes [d] ranged from 0.25 to 0.44). Whilst no posture-by-time interactions were observed (p > 0.05), BP, caPWV, and crPWV were higher when seated versus supine (main effects of posture p < 0.05; d ranged from 0.30 to 1.04). Exploratory analysis revealed that females had greater seated BP responses (p for interaction <0.05); seated PWV and supine BP and PWV responses were similar by sex (p for interaction >0.05). A simulated workday of prolonged sitting increased seated BP and supine cfPWV and caPWV, and posture minimally influenced these responses. These results add to the evidence suggesting a deleterious effect of prolonged sitting on cardiovascular health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Bandar Alansare
- Department of Health and Physical Activity, College of Education, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA,
- Department of Exercise Physiology, College of Sport Sciences and Physical Activity, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia,
| | - Robert J Kowalsky
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, College of Education and Human Performance, Texas A&M University-Kingsville, Kingsville, Texas, USA
| | - Melissa A Jones
- Department of Health and Physical Activity, College of Education, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Sophy J Perdomo
- Department of Health and Physical Activity, College of Education, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Lee Stoner
- Department of Sport and Exercise, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Bethany Barone Gibbs
- Department of Health and Physical Activity, College of Education, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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26
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Kotlarczyk MP, Hergenroeder AL, Gibbs BB, Cameron FDA, Hamm ME, Brach JS. Personal and Environmental Contributors to Sedentary Behavior of Older Adults in Independent and Assisted Living Facilities. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17176415. [PMID: 32899196 PMCID: PMC7504320 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17176415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Sedentary behavior is associated with negative health outcomes and unhealthy aging. Older adults are the most sedentary age group, and decreasing sitting time represents an intervention target for improving health. Determinants of sedentary behavior have been examined in older adults living in their own homes, yet less is known about sedentary behavior of older adults in residential care facilities. The purpose of this study was to explore factors contributing to sedentary behavior among residents of independent and assisted living facilities. We conducted eight focus groups with residents (n = 44) and semi-structured interviews with staff (n = 6) across four living facilities. Audio recordings were transcribed and analyzed using an iterative, inductive approach. Three salient themes were identified. Residents and staff both viewed sedentary behavior negatively unless it was in the context of social engagement. Additionally, fear of falling was discussed as a significant contributor to sedentary behavior. Finally, residents felt the community living environment contributed to their sedentary behavior while staff did not. Our findings provide valuable insight for designing targeted interventions for older adults in residential facilities and suggest thinking beyond the individual and considering environmental influences on sedentary behavior in the residential care setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary P. Kotlarczyk
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
- Correspondence:
| | - Andrea L. Hergenroeder
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA; (A.L.H.); (J.S.B.)
| | - Bethany Barone Gibbs
- Department of Health and Human Development, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA;
| | - Flor de Abril Cameron
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA; (F.d.A.C.); (M.E.H.)
| | - Megan E. Hamm
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA; (F.d.A.C.); (M.E.H.)
| | - Jennifer S. Brach
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA; (A.L.H.); (J.S.B.)
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27
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A latent class analysis of health lifestyles and health outcomes among Chinese older adults. AGEING & SOCIETY 2020. [DOI: 10.1017/s0144686x20001063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
AbstractPrior analyses have repeatedly documented the association between individual health behaviours and health outcomes. Nonetheless, few studies have taken a health lifestyle theory approach to examine how health lifestyle behaviours have shaped Chinese older adults’ health status. Using the most recent 2011–2012 data released by the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS), latent class analysis was applied to identify predominant health lifestyles among Chinese older adults aged 65–105. Four distinct classes representing health lifestyles emerged. Furthermore, the research found the way in which the four classes representing older adults’ health lifestyles can be predicted by the respondent's demographic and socio-economic characteristics. In addition, health lifestyles were found to be strongly associated with Chinese older adults’ health outcomes which were measured by self-rated health, functional independence, cognitive function and chronic diseases, even after controlling for demographic features as well as individual and parental socio-economic disadvantage. Findings supported the cumulative disadvantage theory in health. The research highlighted the importance of promoting health lifestyles to improve older adults’ health outcomes.
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28
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Characteristics of Slovenian Adults in Community-Based Whole-Food Plant-Based Lifestyle Program. J Nutr Metab 2020; 2020:6950530. [PMID: 32802500 PMCID: PMC7416260 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6950530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Adopting a plant-based diet (PBD) and lifestyle is healthy, sustainable, and increasingly popular, while also demanding. Individuals might face challenges to maintain this lifestyle. We aimed to determine the anthropometric values and lifestyle factors and motives of adults to adopt a whole-food, plant-based (WFPB) lifestyle by joining our ongoing, community-based, WFPB lifestyle program 0.5-10 years ago. Methods We measured body mass index (BMI) and body fat percentage status (BF%) using bioimpedance. Lifestyle status was obtained by standardized electronic questionnaires. For evaluating the motives for following strict PBD, the participants were asked to rank 8 different motives (i.e., 8: the most-, 1: the least important). Setting. A cross-sectional study in Slovenia. Participants. A total of 151 healthy adults with an average age of 39.6 years (SD: 12.5 years). Results The participants had an average BMI of 23.9 kg/m2 (SD: 3.8 kg/m2) and an average BF% of 22.3% (SD: 7.3%), were physically very active, with an average Long International Physical Activity Questionnaire (L-IPAQ) score of 5541.2 metabolic equivalents (METs) min/week (SD: 4677.0 METs min/week), having good sleep quality, with an average Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) score of 2.7 (SD: 1.8), perceiving low stress, and with an average Perceived Stress Questionnaire (PSQ) score of 0.29 (SD: 0.1). We discovered no significant differences in lifestyle between participants who were involved in our WFPB lifestyle program for short, medium, or long periods of time. The motives for WFPB lifestyle included health benefits (score: 7.9/8), body mass management (6.3), eating to satiety (4.9), convenience (4.3), environmental concerns (4.1), affordability (3.7), animal ethics (3.6), and religious reasons (1.1). Conclusion A WFPB lifestyle program for any length of time that includes an extensive support system provides favorable, long-term lifestyle changes.
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29
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Headid RJ, Pekas EJ, Wooden TK, Son WM, Layec G, Shin J, Park SY. Impacts of prolonged sitting with mild hypercapnia on vascular and autonomic function in healthy recreationally active adults. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2020; 319:H468-H480. [PMID: 32648821 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00354.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Prolonged sitting, which is known to impair peripheral vascular function, often occurs in spaces (e.g., offices) with mild hypercapnic atmospheres. However, the effects of prolonged sitting in hypercapnic conditions on vascular function are unknown. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of prolonged sitting in mild hypercapnic conditions on vascular and autonomic function in humans. Twelve healthy young adults participated in two experimental visits that consisted of sitting for 2.5 h in a control condition [normal atmospheric conditions sitting (PSIT)] or a mild hypercapnic condition (HCAP; CO2 = 1,500 ppm). During each visit, heart rate variability (HRV), blood pressure (BP), pulse wave velocity (PWV), augmentation index (AIx), brachial and popliteal artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD), and near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) were assessed before and after prolonged sitting. Sitting significantly decreased AIx in both groups (P < 0.05). Brachial and popliteal FMD were reduced with sitting (P < 0.05), and the reduction in popliteal FMD was amplified by HCAP (P < 0.05). Baseline microvascular oxygenation was decreased following sitting in both groups (P < 0.05). However, microvascular reoxygenation upon cuff release was slower only in HCAP (P < 0.05). HRV, HR, BP, and PWV did not significantly change with sitting in either group (P > 0.05). We conclude that prolonged sitting attenuated both brachial and popliteal endothelial function and was associated with perturbed microcirculation. Additionally, mild hypercapnic conditions further impaired peripheral endothelial and microvascular function. Together, these findings suggest that prolonged sitting is accompanied by a host of deleterious effects on the vasculature, which are exacerbated by mild hypercapnia.NEW & NOTEWORTHY The results of this study reveal that prolonged sitting attenuates endothelial function and microvascular function. Additionally, prolonged sitting with mild hypercapnia, which is similar to everyday environments, further exacerbates peripheral endothelial function and microvascular function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronald J Headid
- School of Health and Kinesiology, University of Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Elizabeth J Pekas
- School of Health and Kinesiology, University of Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - TeSean K Wooden
- School of Health and Kinesiology, University of Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Won-Mok Son
- School of Health and Kinesiology, University of Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Gwenael Layec
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts.,Institute for Applied Life Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts
| | - John Shin
- Wiess School of Natural Sciences, Rice University, Houston, Texas
| | - Song-Young Park
- School of Health and Kinesiology, University of Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha, Nebraska
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30
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Abstract
Sitting for prolonged periods of time impairs people's health. Prior research has mainly investigated sitting behavior on an aggregate level, for example, by analyzing total sitting time per day. By contrast, taking a dynamic approach, here we conceptualize sitting behavior as a continuous chain of sit-to-stand and stand-to-sit transitions. We use multilevel time-to-event analysis to analyze the timing of these transitions. We analyze ∼30,000 objectively measured posture transitions from 156 people during work time. Results indicate that the temporal dynamics of sit-to-stand transitions differ from stand-to-sit transitions, and that people are quicker to switch postures later in the workday, and quicker to stand up after having been more active in the recent hours. We found no evidence for associations with physical fitness. Altogether, these findings provide insights into the origins of people's stand-up and sit-down decisions, show that sitting behavior is fundamentally different from exercise behavior, and provide pointers for the development of interventions.
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31
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Mainsbridge CP, Cooley D, Dawkins S, de Salas K, Tong J, Schmidt MW, Pedersen SJ. Taking a Stand for Office-Based Workers' Mental Health: The Return of the Microbreak. Front Public Health 2020; 8:215. [PMID: 32596199 PMCID: PMC7300182 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2020.00215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
There is evidence that movement-based microbreaks can improve the cardiovascular health of desk-based employees, but their effect on mood states is yet to be investigated. As daily work tasks can potentially result in the loss of physical and psychological resources, the objective of this study was to measure the effect of movement microbreaks during formal work time on mood states. In a randomized-controlled pilot study with repeated measures (baseline, post-test, washout) of self-reported job stress and mood states (fatigue and vigor), police officers (N = 43) were exposed to movement microbreaks during work hours. A multivariate significant difference between groups was noted after the intervention period. Further analysis revealed that the experimental group reported a latent reduction in job-related stress after the 3-months washout period. Although the study was conducted with a small sample, our preliminary findings suggest that interrupting sedentary work with movement microbreaks may have beneficial effects on employee mental health. The implications of movement microbreaks for mitigating work-related stress of first responders, including police, is discussed, along with directives for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dean Cooley
- School of Education, Ballarat, VIC, Australia
| | - Sarah Dawkins
- Tasmanian School of Business and Economics, Hobart, TAS, Australia
| | - Kristy de Salas
- School of Technology, Environments, and Design, Hobart, TAS, Australia
| | - Jiajin Tong
- School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Behavior and Mental Health, Beijing, China
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32
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Biddle SJH, O'Connell SE, Davies MJ, Dunstan D, Edwardson CL, Esliger DW, Gray LJ, Yates T, Munir F. Reducing sitting at work: process evaluation of the SMArT Work (Stand More At Work) intervention. Trials 2020; 21:403. [PMID: 32404181 PMCID: PMC7218819 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-020-04300-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Office-based workers accumulate high amounts of sitting time. Stand More At Work (SMArT Work) aimed to reduce occupational sitting time and a cluster randomised controlled trial demonstrated it was successful in achieving this aim. The purpose of this paper is to present the process evaluation of the SMArT Work intervention. Methods Questionnaire data were collected from intervention participants at 6 months (n = 58) and 12 months (n = 55). Questionnaires sought feedback on the different components of the intervention (education, height-adjustable desk, Darma cushion, behaviour feedback, progress chats (coaching) with research team, action planning/goal setting diary) and experiences of evaluation measures. Control participants (n = 37) were asked via questionnaire at 12-month follow-up about the impact of the study on their behaviour and any lifestyle changes made during the study. Participants from both arms were invited to focus groups to gain a deeper understanding of their experiences on completion of 12-month follow-up. Results Focus group and questionnaire data showed a positive attitude towards the height-adjustable workstation with a high proportion of participants using it every day (62%). Most participants (92%) felt the education seminar increased their awareness of the health consequences of too much sitting and motivated them to change their behaviour. Receiving feedback on their sitting time and support from the research team also encouraged behaviour change. The Darma cushion and action planning/goal setting diary were seen to be less helpful for behaviour change. Benefits experienced included fewer aches and pains, improved cognitive functioning, increased productivity, more energy and positive feelings about general health. Conclusions Key elements of the programme identified as facilitating behaviour change were the educational seminar, the height-adjustable workstation, behavioural feedback and regular contact with research staff through regular progress chats. Trial registration ISRCTN: ISRCTN10967042. Registered on 2 February 2015.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuart J H Biddle
- Centre for Health Research, University of Southern Queensland, Springfield,, QLD, 4300, Australia
| | - Sophie E O'Connell
- Leicester Diabetes Centre, University Hospitals of Leicester, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, LE5 4PW, UK
| | - Melanie J Davies
- Leicester Diabetes Centre, University Hospitals of Leicester, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, LE5 4PW, UK.,Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, LE5 4PW, UK.,NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Leicester, UK
| | - David Dunstan
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, The Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Charlotte L Edwardson
- Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, LE5 4PW, UK. .,NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Leicester, UK.
| | - Dale W Esliger
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | - Laura J Gray
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Thomas Yates
- Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, LE5 4PW, UK.,NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Leicester, UK
| | - Fehmidah Munir
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
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33
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Tcymbal A, Andreasyan D, Whiting S, Mikkelsen B, Rakovac I, Breda J. Prevalence of Physical Inactivity and Sedentary Behavior Among Adults in Armenia. Front Public Health 2020; 8:157. [PMID: 32432072 PMCID: PMC7214797 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2020.00157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Physical inactivity and sedentary behavior are risk factors for developing non-communicable diseases. This study analyzed current levels of physical inactivity and sedentary behaviors among the adult population of Armenia. Data were collected through a national STEPS survey of non-communicable diseases risk factors on a nationally-representative sample of 2,380 participants aged 18–69 years in Armenia in 2016. The Global Physical Activity Questionnaire was used to assess physical activity levels. Two out of ten people (21.6%) in Armenia did not meet the minimum levels of physical activity recommended by WHO to protect health. 13.2% of population spent over 8 h per day sitting, 47.2% were inactive at work and 32.4% did not do any transport-related physical activity. Only 13.8% of participants were physically active during leisure time. Specific groups with relatively high levels of physical inactivity were older adults, residents of Yerevan, people with lower levels of education, the unemployed and people who were retired. Sedentary behavior was more common among men, students, people who were retired, unemployed, residents of Yerevan, and adults aged under 30 and over 45 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonina Tcymbal
- Department of Sport Science and Sport, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Diana Andreasyan
- National Institute of Health, National Health Information Analytic Center, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Stephen Whiting
- WHO European Office for the Prevention and Control of Noncommunicable Diseases, Division of Noncommunicable Diseases and Promoting Health Through the Life-Course, WHO Regional Office for Europe, Moscow, Russia.,EPIUnit-Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade de Porto, de Porto, Portugal
| | - Bente Mikkelsen
- Division of Noncommunicable Diseases and Promoting Health Through the Life-Course, WHO Regional Office for Europe, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ivo Rakovac
- WHO European Office for the Prevention and Control of Noncommunicable Diseases, Division of Noncommunicable Diseases and Promoting Health Through the Life-Course, WHO Regional Office for Europe, Moscow, Russia
| | - João Breda
- WHO European Office for the Prevention and Control of Noncommunicable Diseases, Division of Noncommunicable Diseases and Promoting Health Through the Life-Course, WHO Regional Office for Europe, Moscow, Russia
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34
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A systematic review of cross-sectional studies on the association of sedentary behavior with cardiometabolic diseases and related biomarkers in South American adults. NUTR HOSP 2020; 37:359-373. [PMID: 32054279 DOI: 10.20960/nh.02740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Introduction: sedentary behavior (SB) has been independently associated with detrimental health outcomes in different regions worldwide. The aim of this systematic review was to examine whether domain-specific SB is associated with cardiometabolic diseases (CMD) and related biomarkers in South American adults. Methods: nine electronic databases were searched to identify all studies that analyzed the association between SB and CMD-e.g. obesity, diabetes, hypertension, metabolic syndrome (MetS) and clustering of chronic diseases (CCD)-and related biomarkers in South American adults. Two independent reviewers performed the necessary abstract/full-text screening, data abstraction, and quality assessments. The review protocol was registered in the PROSPERO database (CRD42018099319). Results: from the 1,262 articles identified in the search 262 were reviewed in full and 20 were used in the analysis in accordance to the inclusion criteria. High SB (mainly sitting and TV time) was associated with an increased likelihood of obesity (n = 8), diabetes (n = 6), and CCD (n = 3), as well as high values of BMI (n = 8), WC (n = 7), % BF (n = 4), plasma lipids (n = 4), and glycemia (n = 5). Eleven out of 20 studies were of higher quality. Conclusion: long time spent in SB, mainly sitting and TV time, was positively associated with the occurrence of CMD and related biomarkers in South American adults.
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35
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Renaud LR, Jelsma JGM, Huysmans MA, van Nassau F, Lakerveld J, Speklé EM, Bosmans JE, Stijnman DPM, Loyen A, van der Beek AJ, van der Ploeg HP. Effectiveness of the multi-component dynamic work intervention to reduce sitting time in office workers - Results from a pragmatic cluster randomised controlled trial. APPLIED ERGONOMICS 2020; 84:103027. [PMID: 31987512 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2019.103027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Prolonged sitting, which is highly prevalent in office workers, has been associated with several health risks. The aim of this study was to evaluate the Dynamic Work intervention by determining its effect on total sitting time at the 8-month follow-up in comparison to the control. METHODS This two-arm pragmatic cluster randomised controlled trial included 244 office workers from 14 different departments of a large, Dutch insurance company. The Dynamic Work intervention was a real-life, worksite intervention that included environmental components (i.e. sit-stand workstations), organisational components (i.e. group sessions), and individual components (e.g. activity/sitting trackers). Outcomes were assessed at baseline, 4-month follow-up, and 8-month follow-up. The primary outcome was total sitting time per day, objectively assessed using the activPAL activity monitor at 8-month follow-up. Secondary outcomes included other total and occupational movement behaviour outcomes, health-related outcomes, and work-related outcomes. Data analyses were performed using linear and logistic mixed models. RESULTS Total sitting time did not differ between the intervention and control group at the 8-month follow-up. Secondary outcomes also showed no difference between the intervention and control group at either the 4-month or at 8-month follow-up, with the exception of number of occupational steps, which showed a statistically significant effect at 4-month follow-up (but not at 8-month follow-up) of 913 (95% CI = 381-1445) steps/8-h working day. CONCLUSIONS This study evaluated the effectiveness of a real-life worksite intervention to reduce sitting time and showed little to no effect. This may be due to the relatively low intensity of the intervention, i.e. that it only involved the replacement of 25% of sitting workstations with sit-stand workstations. Future research should focus on the evaluation of more intensive real-life worksite interventions that are still feasible for implementation in daily practice. CLINICALTRIALS. GOV, REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT03115645.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidewij R Renaud
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, the Netherlands.
| | - Judith G M Jelsma
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, the Netherlands
| | - Maaike A Huysmans
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, the Netherlands
| | - Femke van Nassau
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, the Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Lakerveld
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands; Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Global Geo Health Data Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Erwin M Speklé
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, the Netherlands; Arbo Unie, Occupational Health Service, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Judith E Bosmans
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, the Netherlands
| | - Dominique P M Stijnman
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Pediatrics, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences Institute, the Netherlands
| | - Anne Loyen
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Centre for Nutrition, Prevention and Health Services, Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - Allard J van der Beek
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, the Netherlands
| | - Hidde P van der Ploeg
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, the Netherlands
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Joseph C, Rhoda A, Conradsson DM. Levels and patterns of physical activity in stroke survivors with different ambulation status living in low-income areas of Cape Town, South Africa. Top Stroke Rehabil 2020; 27:494-502. [PMID: 32188361 DOI: 10.1080/10749357.2020.1741242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Background: Little is known about physical activity (PA) in people with stroke living in low-income areas. The aim of this study was to characterize and contrast the levels and patterns of PA between stroke survivors with different ambulation status living in low-income areas in Cape Town, South Africa. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 45 community-dwelling stroke survivors living in low-income areas in Cape Town participated. Accelerometers (Actigraph wGT3X-BT) were used to assess PA levels (vector magnitude counts and number of steps) and time spent sedentary, in light and moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA). Total daily PA and within-day activity patterns were compared between limited community ambulators (gait speed: <0.8 m/s) and community ambulators (gait speed: ≥0.8 m/s). Results: Limited community ambulators (n = 23) took fewer steps per day (1091 vs. 3524 steps, P < .001), spent more time sedentary (80% vs 68%, P = .002) and less time in light PA (18% vs 25%, P = .008) and MVPA (1% vs 5%, P < .001) than community ambulators (n = 22). The limited ambulation group had a consistent pattern of PA across the day without any significant variations in PA levels or intensity, whereas the unlimited ambulating group was most active in the morning followed by a gradual reduction in PA throughout the day. Conclusions: Community ambulating stroke survivors showed greater PA levels and a more variable diurnal pattern in contrast to the limited ambulation group. Different interventions may be required to assist the different groups to start engaging in health-enhancing PA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Conran Joseph
- Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Division of Physiotherapy, Stellenbosch University , Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Anthea Rhoda
- Faculty of Community and Health Sciences, Physiotherapy Department, University of the Western Cape , Cape Town, South Africa
| | - David Moulaee Conradsson
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Physiotherapy, Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm, Sweden.,Function Area Occupational Therapy & Physiotherapy, Allied Health Professionals Function, Karolinska University Hospital , Stockholm, Sweden
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Which variables influence compliance with physical activity recommendations in young children? ANALES DE PEDIATRÍA (ENGLISH EDITION) 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anpede.2019.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Controversies in the Science of Sedentary Behaviour and Health: Insights, Perspectives and Future directions from the 2018 Queensland Sedentary Behaviour Think Tank. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16234762. [PMID: 31783708 PMCID: PMC6926563 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16234762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The development in research concerning sedentary behaviour has been rapid over the past two decades. This has led to the development of evidence and views that have become more advanced, diverse and, possibly, contentious. These include the effects of standing, the breaking up of prolonged sitting and the role of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) in the association between sedentary behaviour and health outcomes. The present aim is to report the views of experts (n = 21) brought together (one-day face-to-face meeting in 2018) to consider these issues and provide conclusions and recommendations for future work. Each topic was reviewed and presented by one expert followed by full group discussion, which was recorded, transcribed and analysed. The experts concluded that (a). standing may bring benefits that accrue from postural shifts. Prolonged (mainly static) standing and prolonged sitting are both bad for health; (b). ‘the best posture is the next posture’. Regularly breaking up of sitting with postural shifts and movement is vital; (c). health effects of prolonged sitting are evident even after controlling for MVPA, but high levels of MVPA can attenuate the deleterious effects of prolonged sitting depending on the health outcome of interest. Expert discussion addressed measurement, messaging and future directions.
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Al Shammari M, Hassan A, Al Dandan O, Al Gadeeb M, Bubshait D. Musculoskeletal symptoms among radiologists in Saudi Arabia: a multi-center cross-sectional study. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2019; 20:541. [PMID: 31727049 PMCID: PMC6857232 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-019-2933-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Musculoskeletal symptoms account for the majority of work-related illnesses resulting in a significant economic burden on society. Computer users are subject to unique repetitive strains that predispose them to musculoskeletal symptoms. In the digitalized field of radiology, radiologists spend long hours interpreting medical images on computers. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms among radiologists in Saudi Arabia and their contributing factors. Methods An online survey was sent to radiologists in all hospitals (academic, public and private) in the major cities of the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia covering demographic characteristics, workload (e.g. the time spent at a computer workstation), and workstation environments including the number of monitors as well as the adjustability of the height of the workstation and the viewing distance. This survey of 263 radiologists was conducted in April 2019. It included an evaluation of musculoskeletal symptoms using the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire. The study outcome was the presence of disabling musculoskeletal symptoms in any body region, which restricted the performance of normal activities in the last 12 months. Results were analyzed descriptively using a Chi-square test and logistic regression analysis to estimate the odd ratio of experiencing disabling musculoskeletal symptoms in the last 12 months. Results The survey was completed by 198 participants (111 men and 87 women) with a response rate of 75.3%. Most participants (71.2%) were aged below 40 years. A multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed being a female radiologist (OR = 2.7; 95% CI: 1.2–6.5), aged 30–39 years (OR = 4.1; 95% CI: 1.1–15.3), and predominantly reviewing computed tomography (CT) images (OR = 4.1; 95% CI: 1.4–12.3) or ultrasound scans (OR = 5.9; 95% CI: 1.4–25.3) were associated with higher prevalence of disabling musculoskeletal symptoms, compared to those aged below 30 years and those who reviewed various imaging modalities, respectively. Conclusions Musculoskeletal symptoms are common among radiologists with lower back and neck pain being the most frequent complaints. Being a female radiologist, aged 30–39 years, and reviewing CT or ultrasound scans were associated with higher rates of disabling musculoskeletal symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malak Al Shammari
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Hassan
- Department of Radiology, King Fahd Hospital of the University, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Al-Khobar, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omran Al Dandan
- Department of Radiology, King Fahd Hospital of the University, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Al-Khobar, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mohammed Al Gadeeb
- Department of Radiology, King Fahd Hospital of the University, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Al-Khobar, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dalal Bubshait
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, King Fahd Hospital of the University, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Al-Khobar, Saudi Arabia
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Gardner B, Flint S, Rebar AL, Dewitt S, Quail SK, Whall H, Smith L. Is sitting invisible? Exploring how people mentally represent sitting. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2019; 16:85. [PMID: 31606040 PMCID: PMC6790031 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-019-0851-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Growing evidence suggests that prolonged uninterrupted sitting can be detrimental to health. Much sedentary behaviour research is reliant on self-reports of sitting time, and sitting-reduction interventions often focus on reducing motivation to sit. These approaches assume that people are consciously aware of their sitting time. Drawing on Action Identification Theory, this paper argues that people rarely identify the act of sitting as ‘sitting’ per se, and instead view it as an incidental component of more meaningful and purposeful typically-seated activities. Methods Studies 1 and 2 explored whether people mentioned sitting in written descriptions of actions. Studies 3–5 compared preferences for labelling a typically desk-based activity as ‘sitting’ versus alternative action identities. Studies 6 and 7 used card-sort tasks to indirectly assess the prioritisation of ‘sitting’ relative to other action descriptions when identifying similar actions. Results Participants rarely spontaneously mentioned sitting when describing actions (Studies 1–2), and when assigning action labels to a seated activity, tended to offer descriptions based on higher-order goals and consequences of action, rather than sitting or other procedural elements (Studies 3–5). Participants primarily identified similarities in actions based not on sitting, but on activities performed while seated (e.g. reading; Studies 6–7). Conclusion ‘Sitting’ is a less accessible cognitive representation of seated activities than are representations based on the purpose and implications of seated action. Findings suggest that self-report measures should focus on time spent in seated activities, rather than attempting to measure sitting time via direct recall. From an intervention perspective, findings speak to the importance of targeting behaviours that entail sitting, and of raising awareness of sitting as a potential precursor to attempting to reduce sitting time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Gardner
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, Guy's Campus, London, SE1 1UL, UK.
| | - Stuart Flint
- Carnegie School of Sport, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, UK
| | - Amanda L Rebar
- Physical Activity Research Group, Appleton Institute, School of Health, Medical, and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, Australia
| | - Stephen Dewitt
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, Guy's Campus, London, SE1 1UL, UK.,Department of Experimental Psychology, Division of Psychology of Language Sciences, University College London, London, UK
| | - Sahana K Quail
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, Guy's Campus, London, SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Helen Whall
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, Guy's Campus, London, SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Lee Smith
- The Cambridge Centre for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Department of Life Sciences, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
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Claudel SE, Shiroma EJ, Harris TB, Mode NA, Ahuja C, Zonderman AB, Evans MK, Powell-Wiley TM. Cross-Sectional Associations of Neighborhood Perception, Physical Activity, and Sedentary Time in Community-Dwelling, Socioeconomically Diverse Adults. Front Public Health 2019; 7:256. [PMID: 31572702 PMCID: PMC6753201 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2019.00256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Little is known about the role of perceived neighborhood environment as a determinant of physical activity (PA) and sedentary time (ST) in understanding obesity-related health behaviors. We focus on a biracial, socioeconomically diverse population using objectively measured ST, which is under-represented in the literature. Methods: We examined the association between self-reported neighborhood perception (Likert-scale questions), PA using the Baecke questionnaire, and both non-sedentary time and ST using accelerometry from wave 4 of the Healthy Aging in Neighborhoods of Diversity across the Life Span (HANDLS) study (n = 2,167). After applying exclusion criteria, the sample size was n = 1,359 for analyses of self-reported PA and n = 404 for analyses of accelerometry data. Factor analysis identified key neighborhood characteristics to develop a total neighborhood perception score (NPS). Higher NPS indicated less favorable neighborhood perception. Linear regression was used to determine the relationship between NPS, PA, non-sedentary time, and ST. Results: Complete data were available for n = 1,359 [age 56.6(9.0) years, 59.5% female, 62.2% African American] for whom we identified four neighborhood perception factors: (1) concern about crime, (2) physical environment, (3) location of violent crime, and (4) social environment. Worsening perception of the overall neighborhood [β = −0.13 (SE = 0.03); p = 0.001], the physical environment [−0.11 (0.05); p = 0.03], and the social environment [−0.46 (0.07); p < 0.0001] were associated with decreased PA. Worsening perception of the overall neighborhood [1.14 (0.49); p = 0.02] and neighborhood social environment [3.59 (1.18); p = 0.003] were associated with increased ST over the day. There were no interactions for race, sex, poverty status, or economic index. Conclusion: Poor overall neighborhood perception, perceived social environment, and perceived neighborhood physical environment are associated with PA and ST in a multi-racial, socioeconomically diverse cohort of urban adults. Clinical Trial Registration: The HANDLS study is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov as NCT01323322.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie E Claudel
- Social Determinants of Obesity and Cardiovascular Risk Laboratory, National Heart, Blood, Lung Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Eric J Shiroma
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Science, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Tamara B Harris
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Science, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Nicolle A Mode
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Science, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Chaarushi Ahuja
- Social Determinants of Obesity and Cardiovascular Risk Laboratory, National Heart, Blood, Lung Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Alan B Zonderman
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Science, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Michele K Evans
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Science, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Tiffany M Powell-Wiley
- Social Determinants of Obesity and Cardiovascular Risk Laboratory, National Heart, Blood, Lung Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
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Contesini AM, Silva THD, Favero FM, Blascovi-Assis SM, Voos MC, Caromano FA. Mudança na biomecânica da postura sentada afeta a função pulmonar. FISIOTERAPIA E PESQUISA 2019. [DOI: 10.1590/1809-2950/18010326032019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023] Open
Abstract
RESUMO Este trabalho teve como objetivo caracterizar as posturas induzidas por dois sistemas diferentes de cadeira-mesa e analisar seus efeitos na função pulmonar. Trata-se de estudo transversal, descritivo, do tipo sujeito único e intrasséries (A-B, B-A), com coleta em dias consecutivos. Participaram da pesquisa 15 voluntárias e foram utilizados dois sistemas cadeira-mesa: convencional (A) e experimental (B). A postura foi avaliada por meio de fotogrametria em cada um dos sistemas, com imagens analisadas por meio do programa AutoCAD® 2010. Posteriormente, foram calculados os ângulos articulares da postura média das participantes em cada sistema. Os dados posturais e respiratórios foram comparados considerando as diferentes posições adotadas. O sistema cadeira-mesa convencional promoveu dois diferentes padrões posturais: um deles apresentou ângulos articulares similares aos do sistema experimental, com resultados de espirometria semelhantes, e o outro padrão apresentou ângulos corporais de acordo com os padrões esperados com valores de espirometria significativamente inferiores em VEF1, VEF1/CVF e FEFmáx. O sistema experimental diferiu de valores de espirometria da postura ortostática relatados na literatura somente em FEFmáx, sugerindo similaridade de condição postural. Conclui-se que o mobiliário experimental melhorou a função respiratória na postura sentada em comparação com o mobiliário tradicional, podendo beneficiar pessoas em condições especiais, como gestantes, obesos e pessoas com doenças pulmonares crônicas.
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Rawlings GH, Williams RK, Clarke DJ, English C, Fitzsimons C, Holloway I, Lawton R, Mead G, Patel A, Forster A. Exploring adults' experiences of sedentary behaviour and participation in non-workplace interventions designed to reduce sedentary behaviour: a thematic synthesis of qualitative studies. BMC Public Health 2019; 19:1099. [PMID: 31409324 PMCID: PMC6692932 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-019-7365-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sedentary behaviour is any waking behaviour characterised by an energy expenditure of ≤1.5 metabolic equivalent of task while in a sitting or reclining posture. Prolonged bouts of sedentary behaviour have been associated with negative health outcomes in all age groups. We examined qualitative research investigating perceptions and experiences of sedentary behaviour and of participation in non-workplace interventions designed to reduce sedentary behaviour in adult populations. METHOD A systematic search of seven databases (MEDLINE, AMED, Cochrane, PsychINFO, SPORTDiscus, CINAHL and Web of Science) was conducted in September 2017. Studies were assessed for methodological quality and a thematic synthesis was conducted. Prospero database ID: CRD42017083436. RESULTS Thirty individual studies capturing the experiences of 918 individuals were included. Eleven studies examined experiences and/or perceptions of sedentary behaviour in older adults (typically ≥60 years); ten studies focused on sedentary behaviour in people experiencing a clinical condition, four explored influences on sedentary behaviour in adults living in socio-economically disadvantaged communities, two examined university students' experiences of sedentary behaviour, two on those of working-age adults, and one focused on cultural influences on sedentary behaviour. Three analytical themes were identified: 1) the impact of different life stages on sedentary behaviour 2) lifestyle factors influencing sedentary behaviour and 3) barriers and facilitators to changing sedentary behaviour. CONCLUSIONS Sedentary behaviour is multifaceted and influenced by a complex interaction between individual, environmental and socio-cultural factors. Micro and macro pressures are experienced at different life stages and in the context of illness; these shape individuals' beliefs and behaviour related to sedentariness. Knowledge of sedentary behaviour and the associated health consequences appears limited in adult populations, therefore there is a need for provision of accessible information about ways in which sedentary behaviour reduction can be integrated in people's daily lives. Interventions targeting a reduction in sedentary behaviour need to consider the multiple influences on sedentariness when designing and implementing interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- G H Rawlings
- Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - R K Williams
- Academic Unit of Elderly Care and Rehabilitation, Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, Temple Bank House, University of Leeds, Bradford Royal Infirmary, Bradford, BD9 6RJ, UK
| | - D J Clarke
- Academic Unit of Elderly Care and Rehabilitation, Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, Temple Bank House, University of Leeds, Bradford Royal Infirmary, Bradford, BD9 6RJ, UK.
| | - C English
- School of Health Sciences and Priority Research Centre for Stroke and Brain Injury, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
| | - C Fitzsimons
- Physical Activity for Health Research Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - I Holloway
- Leeds Institute of Clinical Trials Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - R Lawton
- School of Psychology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - G Mead
- Geriatric Medicine, Division of Health Sciences, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - A Patel
- Anita Patel Health Economics Consulting Ltd, London, UK
| | - A Forster
- Academic Unit of Elderly Care and Rehabilitation, Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, Temple Bank House, University of Leeds, Bradford Royal Infirmary, Bradford, BD9 6RJ, UK
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Stepto NK, Patten RK, Tassone EC, Misso ML, Brennan L, Boyle J, Boyle RA, Harrison CL, Hirschberg AL, Marsh K, Moreno-Asso A, Redman L, Thondan M, Wijeyaratne C, Teede HJ, Moran LJ. Exercise Recommendations for Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Is the Evidence Enough? Sports Med 2019; 49:1143-1157. [PMID: 31166000 PMCID: PMC6905185 DOI: 10.1007/s40279-019-01133-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In this opinion piece, we summarize, discuss implications of implementation, and critically evaluate our 2018 evidence-based guideline recommendations for exercise and physical activity in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). We developed recommendations as part of a larger international guideline development project. The overall guideline scope and priorities were informed by extensive health professional and consumer engagement. The lifestyle guideline development group responsible for the exercise recommendations included experts in endocrinology, exercise physiology, gynecology, dietetics, and obstetrics, alongside consumers. Extensive online communications and two face-to-face meetings addressed five prioritized clinical questions related to lifestyle, including the role of exercise as therapy for women with PCOS. The guideline recommendations were formulated based on one narrative and two evidence-based reviews, before consensus voting within the guideline panel. The development process was in accordance with the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation (AGREE) II, and used the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) framework to assess evidence quality, desirable and undesirable consequences, feasibility, acceptability, cost, implementation, and recommendation strength. Given the evidence for exercise as therapy in PCOS being of low quality, a consensus recommendation was made based on current exercise guidelines for the general population. Women with PCOS and clinicians are forced to adopt generic approaches when recommending exercise therapy that perpetuates clinical management with pharmacological solutions. The current status of evidence highlights the need for greater international co-operation between researchers and funding agencies to address key clinical knowledge gaps around exercise therapy in PCOS to generate evidence for appropriate, scalable, and sustainable best practice approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nigel K Stepto
- Institute for Health and Sport (iHES), Victoria University, Footscray, PO Box 14428, Melbourne, VIC, 8001, Australia.
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, Monash Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Monash Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS) Victoria University, St Albans, VIC, Australia.
- Department Medicine Western Health, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, Melbourne University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
| | - Rhiannon K Patten
- Institute for Health and Sport (iHES), Victoria University, Footscray, PO Box 14428, Melbourne, VIC, 8001, Australia
| | - Eliza C Tassone
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, Monash Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Monash Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Marie L Misso
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, Monash Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Monash Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Leah Brennan
- School of Behavioural and Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Victoria, Australia
- Centre for Eating, Weight and Body Image, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Jacqueline Boyle
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, Monash Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Monash Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Russell A Boyle
- Institute for Health and Sport (iHES), Victoria University, Footscray, PO Box 14428, Melbourne, VIC, 8001, Australia
| | - Cheryce L Harrison
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, Monash Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Monash Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Angelica Lindén Hirschberg
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Department of Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kate Marsh
- Private Practice, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Alba Moreno-Asso
- Institute for Health and Sport (iHES), Victoria University, Footscray, PO Box 14428, Melbourne, VIC, 8001, Australia
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS) Victoria University, St Albans, VIC, Australia
| | - Leanne Redman
- Reproductive Endocrinology and Women's Health Laboratory, Clinical Sciences Division Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Mala Thondan
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, Monash Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Monash Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Harp Family Medical Centre, Kew East, VIC, Australia
| | - Chandrika Wijeyaratne
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo and De Soyza Hospital for Women Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | - Helena J Teede
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, Monash Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Monash Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Lisa J Moran
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, Monash Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Monash Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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Harmouche-Karaki M, Mahfouz M, Mahfouz Y, Fakhoury-Sayegh N, Helou K. Combined effect of physical activity and sedentary behavior on body composition in university students. Clin Nutr 2019; 39:1517-1524. [PMID: 31285080 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2019.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Revised: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS This study aimed to evaluate the domain-specific physical activity (PA) levels and sitting time of a sample of university students and examine the association of PA with percent body fat. METHODS Two hundred and twenty-one students were included in the analysis. We administered the long form of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) twice within one-month interval. Total PA as well as occupational, transportation-, housework-, and leisure-related PA were assessed, in addition to sitting time. Dietary intake was derived from six non-consecutive 24-hour dietary recalls. Percent body fat (dependent variable) was analyzed using a bioelectrical impedance analyzer (BIA). Multivariate logistic regression, adjusted for potential confounders, examined the associations of domain-specific PA and sitting time with percent body fat. RESULTS Men had higher levels of total and leisure PA than women. All participants had prolonged sitting time, with 48% having a sitting time of more than 10.15 hours/day. In multivariate analysis, moderate leisure PA, compared to vigorous PA was associated with a lower percent body fat. This association remained statistically significant even after adjustment for energy intake and sitting time. Housework-related PA was associated with a higher percent body fat. CONCLUSION Moderate leisure PA was highly associated with percent body fat even after adjustment for confounding variables. Adequate interventions targeting this kind of leisure should be promoted among universities students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mireille Harmouche-Karaki
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmacy, Saint Joseph University of Beirut, Lebanon B.P. 11-5076, Riad el Solh Beyrouth, 1107 2180, Lebanon.
| | - Maya Mahfouz
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmacy, Saint Joseph University of Beirut, Lebanon B.P. 11-5076, Riad el Solh Beyrouth, 1107 2180, Lebanon.
| | - Yara Mahfouz
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmacy, Saint Joseph University of Beirut, Lebanon B.P. 11-5076, Riad el Solh Beyrouth, 1107 2180, Lebanon.
| | - Nicole Fakhoury-Sayegh
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmacy, Saint Joseph University of Beirut, Lebanon B.P. 11-5076, Riad el Solh Beyrouth, 1107 2180, Lebanon.
| | - Khalil Helou
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmacy, Saint Joseph University of Beirut, Lebanon B.P. 11-5076, Riad el Solh Beyrouth, 1107 2180, Lebanon.
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Cheng KHC. Decoupling the Effects of Wayfinding Competence, Trait-Anxiety and Subjective Well-Being from a GESIS German Sample. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-017-9602-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Oftedal S, Kolt GS, Holliday EG, Stamatakis E, Vandelanotte C, Brown WJ, Duncan MJ. Associations of health-behavior patterns, mental health and self-rated health. Prev Med 2019; 118:295-303. [PMID: 30476503 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2018.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Revised: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Diet quality, physical activity, alcohol use, smoking, sleep and sitting-time are behaviors known to influence health. The aims of this study were to identify how these behaviors co-occur to form distinct health-behavior patterns, and to investigate the relationship between these patterns, and mental and self-rated health. Members of the Australian 10,000 Steps project were invited to participate in an online survey in November-December 2011. The participants self-reported demographic and behavioral characteristics (fruit and vegetable intake, fast food, soft drink and alcohol consumption, smoking, physical activity, sitting-time and sleep), frequency of mental distress and self-rated health. Latent Class Analysis was used to identify health-behavior patterns. Latent class regression was used to examine relationships between behavior patterns, mental and self-rated health, and socio-demographic and economic factors. Data were analyzed in October 2017. Complete datasets were obtained from 10,638 participants. Four latent classes were identified, characterized by 'Low-Risk Behavior', 'Poor Sleep, Low-Risk Daytime Behavior', 'Sound Sleep, High-Risk Daytime Behavior' and 'High-Risk Behavior'. The latter two classes, both characterized by high-risk daytime behaviors, were associated with poor self-rated health. Participants in classes with high-risk daytime behaviors were more likely to be younger, non-partnered, non-university educated, from lower income households and work longer hours. Classes characterized by poor sleep quality were associated with higher frequency of mental distress. Findings suggest that experiencing poor sleep is partly independent of daytime behaviors, demographic and socioeconomic factors, but has a strong association with mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stina Oftedal
- School of Medicine & Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medicine, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.
| | - Gregory S Kolt
- School of Science and Health, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia
| | | | - Emmanuel Stamatakis
- Epidemiology Unit, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Australia; Prevention Research Collaboration, School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Australia
| | - Corneel Vandelanotte
- Physical Activity Research Group, Appleton Institute, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, QLD 4700, Australia
| | - Wendy J Brown
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Mitch J Duncan
- School of Medicine & Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medicine, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
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Schellewald V, Kleinert J, Ellegast R. Introducing a Dynamic Workstation in the Office: Insights in Characteristics of Use and Short-Term Changes of Well-Being in a 12 Week Observational Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15112501. [PMID: 30413101 PMCID: PMC6266618 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15112501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Revised: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The present field study evaluates the use of dynamic workstations (cycling devices) in a real-life office environment. Specific characteristics of use were recorded and possible relationships with short-term changes in well-being were investigated. For a period of 12 weeks, 36 employees were given free access to eight devices. Frequency, duration and speed of use were self-determined but registered objectively for every event of use. Immediately before and after using a cycling device, employees rated their well-being with a modified version of the EZ-scale from Nitsch to assess changes in the short-term. In total, 817 events of use were registered. On each day of the intervention period one of the devices was used. Participants used the devices between one day to all days present at the office, for 21.09 (SD 0.58) to 31.58 (SD 2.19) minutes on average per event of use per day. Comparing the pre- and post-measurements, a significant increase in well-being after using a cycling device was found. Results of a Generalized Estimating Equations (GEE) analysis showed mixed effects for the duration of use, the speed and variation of speed on the probability of reporting positive changes in recovery, calmness and mood. Therefore, using cycling devices in the office might improve short-term well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera Schellewald
- Institute for Occupational Safety and Health of the German Social Accident Insurance (IFA), Alte Heerstr. 111, 53757 Sankt Augustin, Germany.
- Institute of Psychology, German Sport University Cologne, Am Sportpark Müngersdorf 6, 50933 Köln, Germany.
| | - Jens Kleinert
- Institute of Psychology, German Sport University Cologne, Am Sportpark Müngersdorf 6, 50933 Köln, Germany.
| | - Rolf Ellegast
- Institute for Occupational Safety and Health of the German Social Accident Insurance (IFA), Alte Heerstr. 111, 53757 Sankt Augustin, Germany.
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Olson JL, March S, Brownlow C, Biddle SJH, Ireland M. Inactive lifestyles in peri-urban Australia: A qualitative examination of social and physical environmental determinants. Health Promot J Austr 2018; 30:153-162. [PMID: 30168879 DOI: 10.1002/hpja.199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2018] [Revised: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
ISSUE ADDRESSED Australians living in peri-urban areas are insufficiently active, sedentary and experience poorer health than people in major cities. There are health benefits attributable to active lifestyles that could contribute to the improved health and well-being of this population. To support the adoption of active lifestyles, it is important to understand the unique context in which behaviour occurs. METHODS The aim of this study was to identify characteristics of the social and physical peri-urban environment that may impact active lifestyles. Semi-structured interviews were conducted in peri-urban southern Queensland. Data were analysed by thematic analysis. RESULTS The natural environment, weather, distance, accessibility and walkability were features of the physical environment relevant to active lifestyles. Social factors included social capital and crime. Activity-supportive characteristics (eg, community spirit) were identified, in addition to active lifestyle barriers (eg, lack of public transport). CONCLUSIONS Despite activity-supportive social and environmental characteristics, most participants reported inactive lifestyles. The barriers to active lifestyles in peri-urban environments may negate these activity-supportive features. Some barriers are difficult to modify (eg, distance and accessibility). However, some may be alleviated through the adoption of activity-supportive policy and urban design (eg, pedestrian mobility infrastructure). SO WHAT?: Strategies to support active lifestyles in peri-urban environments must take into account unmodifiable contextual barriers, whilst encouraging utilisation of existing activity-supportive infrastructure and resources. The enhancement of activity-supportive environments through improved neighbourhood walkability and the usability of public transport may encourage some peri-urban residents to undertake more active forms of transport and recreational physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny L Olson
- Institute for Resilient Regions, University of Southern Queensland, Springfield Central, Qld, Australia
| | - Sonja March
- Institute for Resilient Regions, University of Southern Queensland, Springfield Central, Qld, Australia
| | - Charlotte Brownlow
- Institute for Resilient Regions, University of Southern Queensland, Springfield Central, Qld, Australia
| | - Stuart J H Biddle
- Institute for Resilient Regions, University of Southern Queensland, Springfield Central, Qld, Australia
| | - Michael Ireland
- Institute for Resilient Regions, University of Southern Queensland, Springfield Central, Qld, Australia
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