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Wang K, Liu CY, Fang B, Li B, Li YH, Xia QQ, Zhao Y, Cheng XL, Yang SM, Zhang MH, Wang K. The function and therapeutic potential of transfer RNA-derived small RNAs in cardiovascular diseases: A review. Pharmacol Res 2024; 206:107279. [PMID: 38942340 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024]
Abstract
Transfer RNA-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs) are a class of small non-coding RNA (sncRNA) molecules derived from tRNA, including tRNA derived fragments (tRFs) and tRNA halfs (tiRNAs). tsRNAs can affect cell functions by participating in gene expression regulation, translation regulation, intercellular signal transduction, and immune response. They have been shown to play an important role in various human diseases, including cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Targeted regulation of tsRNAs expression can affect the progression of CVDs. The tsRNAs induced by pathological conditions can be detected when released into the extracellular, giving them enormous potential as disease biomarkers. Here, we review the biogenesis, degradation process and related functional mechanisms of tsRNAs, and discuss the research progress and application prospects of tsRNAs in different CVDs, to provide a new perspective on the treatment of CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Wang
- Key Laboratory of Maternal & Fetal Medicine of National Health Commission of China, Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital affiliated to Qingdao University, Jinan 250014, China; Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Cui-Yun Liu
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Bo Fang
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Bo Li
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Ying-Hui Li
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Qian-Qian Xia
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Xue-Li Cheng
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Su-Min Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China.
| | - Mei-Hua Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Maternal & Fetal Medicine of National Health Commission of China, Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital affiliated to Qingdao University, Jinan 250014, China.
| | - Kun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Maternal & Fetal Medicine of National Health Commission of China, Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital affiliated to Qingdao University, Jinan 250014, China; Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China.
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2
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Song Y, Li J. Expression profiles of serum transfer RNA-derived fragments and their potential roles in non-small cell lung cancer. Transl Cancer Res 2024; 13:3668-3677. [PMID: 39145073 PMCID: PMC11322679 DOI: 10.21037/tcr-23-2364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
Background Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is one of the malignant tumors with the highest morbidity and mortality in the world. Early diagnosis can significantly improve the prognosis of patients. Transfer RNA (tRNA)-derived fragments (tRFs) have been found to have a crucial function in the pathophysiology of cancers. However, the role of tRFs/tRNA halves (tiRNAs) in NSCLC is yet unknown. The present study aimed to investigate unique expression profiles of tRFs/tiRNAs in NSCLC and search novel biomarkers for the diagnosis. Methods RNA-sequencing was utilized for determining differently expressed tRFs/tiRNAs in serum in NSCLC and healthy controls. Stem-loop quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to confirm the selected tRFs/tiRNAs expressions. Their possible roles in NSCLC were predicted using bioinformatic research. Results Eleven up-regulated tRFs/tiRNAs and 18 down-regulated tRFs/tiRNAs were determined. Levels of tRF-31-87R8WP9N1EWJ0 and tRF-31-79MP9P9NH57SD were significantly higher in NSCLC serum samples than those of healthy controls; the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve suggested that they could serve as new diagnostic biomarkers. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis hinted that tRF-31-87R8WP9N1EWJ0 and tRF-31-79MP9P9NH57SD might influence the development and manifestation of NSCLC. Conclusions In NSCLC patients' serum, the tRFs/tiRNAs were abnormally regulated and that tRF-31-87R8WP9N1EWJ0 and tRF-31-79MP9P9NH57SD might be the potential biological markers for NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulan Song
- Blood Purification Center, The Affiliated People’s Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Jipeng Li
- Department of Central Laboratory, The Affiliated People’s Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
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3
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Bano A, Yadav P, Sharma M, Verma D, Vats R, Chaudhry D, Kumar P, Bhardwaj R. Extraction and characterization of exosomes from the exhaled breath condensate and sputum of lung cancer patients and vulnerable tobacco consumers-potential noninvasive diagnostic biomarker source. J Breath Res 2024; 18:046003. [PMID: 38988301 DOI: 10.1088/1752-7163/ad5eae] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Noninvasive sample sources of exosomes, such as exhaled breath and sputum, which are in close proximity to the tumor microenvironment and may contain biomarkers indicative of lung cancer, are far more permissive than invasive sample sources for biomarker screening. Standardized exosome extraction and characterization approaches for low-volume noninvasive samples are critically needed. We isolated and characterized exhaled breath condensate (EBC) and sputum exosomes from healthy nonsmokers (n= 30), tobacco smokers (n= 30), and lung cancer patients (n= 40) and correlated the findings with invasive sample sources. EBC samples were collected by using commercially available R-Tubes. To collect sputum samples the participants were directed to take deep breaths, hold their breath, and cough in a collection container. Dynamic light scattering, nanoparticle tracking analysis, and transmission electron microscopy were used to evaluate the exosome morphology. Protein isolation, western blotting, exosome quantification via EXOCET, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy were performed for molecular characterization. Exosomes were successfully isolated from EBC and sputum samples, and their yields were adequate and sufficiently pure for subsequent downstream processing and characterization. The exosomes were confirmed based on their size, shape, and surface marker expression. Remarkably, cancer exosomes were the largest in size not only in the plasma subgroups, but also in the EBC (p < 0.05) and sputum (p= 0.0036) subgroups, according to our findings. A significant difference in exosome concentrations were observed between the control sub-groups (p < 0.05). Our research confirmed that exosomes can be extracted from noninvasive sources, such as EBC and sputum, to investigate lung cancer diagnostic biomarkers for research, clinical, and early detection in smokers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afsareen Bano
- Centre for Medical Biotechnology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana 124001, India
| | - Pooja Yadav
- Centre for Medical Biotechnology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana 124001, India
| | - Megha Sharma
- Centre for Medical Biotechnology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana 124001, India
| | - Deepika Verma
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Delhi 110029, India
| | - Ravina Vats
- Centre for Medical Biotechnology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana 124001, India
| | - Dhruva Chaudhry
- Department of Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine, Pt. B. D. Sharma PGIMS, Rohtak, Haryana 124001, India
| | - Pawan Kumar
- Department of Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine, Pt. B. D. Sharma PGIMS, Rohtak, Haryana 124001, India
| | - Rashmi Bhardwaj
- Centre for Medical Biotechnology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana 124001, India
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li W, Pang Y, He Q, Song Z, Xie X, Zeng J, Guo J. Exosome-derived microRNAs: emerging players in vitiligo. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1419660. [PMID: 39040109 PMCID: PMC11260631 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1419660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Exosome-derived microRNAs (miRNAs) are biomacromolecules and nanoscale extracellular vesicles originating from intracellular compartments that are secreted by most cells into the extracellular space. This review examines the formation and function of exosomal miRNAs in biological information transfer, explores the pathogenesis of vitiligo, and highlights the relationship between exosomal miRNAs and vitiligo. The aim is to deepen the understanding of how exosomal miRNAs influence immune imbalance, oxidative stress damage, melanocyte-keratinocyte interactions, and melanogenesis disorders in the development of vitiligo. This enhanced understanding may contribute to the development of potential diagnostic and therapeutic options for vitiligo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenquan li
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Dermatological Department, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yaobin Pang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Dermatological Department, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Qingying He
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Dermatological Department, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Zongzou Song
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Dermatological Department, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xin Xie
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Dermatological Department, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinhao Zeng
- Dermatological Department, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Guo
- Dermatological Department, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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He G, Liu J, Yu Y, Wei S, Peng X, Yang L, Li H. Revisiting the advances and challenges in the clinical applications of extracellular vesicles in cancer. Cancer Lett 2024; 593:216960. [PMID: 38762194 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.216960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been the subject of an exponentially growing number of studies covering their biogenesis mechanisms, isolation and analysis techniques, physiological and pathological roles, and clinical applications, such as biomarker and therapeutic uses. Nevertheless, the heterogeneity of EVs both challenges our understanding of them and presents new opportunities for their potential application. Recently, the EV field experienced a wide range of advances. However, the challenges also remain huge. This review focuses on the recent progress and difficulties encountered in the practical use of EVs in clinical settings. In addition, we also explored the concept of EV heterogeneity to acquire a more thorough understanding of EVs and their involvement in cancer, specifically focusing on the fundamental nature of EVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangpeng He
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110032, China; Shenyang Clinical Medical Research Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Health Management of Early Digestive Cancer, Shenyang, 110032, China
| | - Jiaxing Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110032, China; Shenyang Clinical Medical Research Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Health Management of Early Digestive Cancer, Shenyang, 110032, China
| | - Yifan Yu
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110032, China; Shenyang Clinical Medical Research Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Health Management of Early Digestive Cancer, Shenyang, 110032, China
| | - Shibo Wei
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110032, China; Shenyang Clinical Medical Research Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Health Management of Early Digestive Cancer, Shenyang, 110032, China
| | - Xueqiang Peng
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110032, China; Shenyang Clinical Medical Research Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Health Management of Early Digestive Cancer, Shenyang, 110032, China.
| | - Liang Yang
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110032, China; Shenyang Clinical Medical Research Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Health Management of Early Digestive Cancer, Shenyang, 110032, China.
| | - Hangyu Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110032, China; Shenyang Clinical Medical Research Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Health Management of Early Digestive Cancer, Shenyang, 110032, China.
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Shen A, Feng X, Wang D, Liu Y, Zhang K, Wang J, Li Y, Ali MM, Hu L. High-throughput proteomic analysis of extracellular vesicles from saliva by chemical probe-based array. Anal Chim Acta 2024; 1309:342699. [PMID: 38772652 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2024.342699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are cell-released, nucleus-free particles with a double-membrane structure that effectively prevents degradation of internal components by a variety of salivary enzymes. Saliva is an easily accessible biofluid that contains a wealth of valuable information for disease diagnosis and monitoring and especially reflect respiratory and digestive tract diseases. However, the lack of efficient and high-throughput methods for proteomic analysis of salivary biomarkers poses a significant challenge. Herein, we designed a salivary EV amphiphile-dendrimer supramolecular probe (SEASP) array which enables efficient enrichment and in situ detection of EVs protein biomarkers. Detergent Tween-20 washing of SEASP arrays removes high abundance of heteroproteins from saliva well. This array shows good analytical performance in the linear range of 10 μL-150 μL (LOD = 0.4 μg protein, or 10 μL saliva), exhibiting a good recovery (80.0 %). Compared to ultracentrifugation (UC), this procedure provides simple and convenient access to high-purity EVs (1.3 × 109 particles per mg protein) with good physiological status and structure. Coupling with mass spectrometry based proteomic analysis, differentially expressed proteins as selected asthma biomarkers have been screened. Then, we validated the proteomics primary screening results through clinical samples (100 μL each) using the SEASP array. Utilizing the dual antibody fluorescence technology, SEASP enables the simultaneous high-throughput detection of two proteins. Therefore, the EVs marker protein CD81 could be used as an internal standard to normalize the number of EVs, which was stably expressed in EVs. Proteomics and array results suggested that HNRNPU (P = 4.9 * 10-6) and MUC5B (P = 4.7 * 10-11) are promising protein biomarkers for infantile asthma. HNRNPU and MUC5B may be associated with disease onset and subtypes. The SEASP arrays provide a significant advancement in the field of salivary biomarker. The array enables high-throughput in situ protein detection for highly viscous and complex biological samples. It provides a rapid, low-cost, highly specific screening procedure and experimental basis for early disease screening and diagnosis in the field of liquid biopsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ao Shen
- Center for Supramolecular Chemical Biology, State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Xin Feng
- Center for Supramolecular Chemical Biology, State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Dongxue Wang
- Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences, Beijing, China; The π-HuB Project Infrastructure, International Academy of Phronesis Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuanyuan Liu
- Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences, Beijing, China; The π-HuB Project Infrastructure, International Academy of Phronesis Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kaifu Zhang
- Center for Supramolecular Chemical Biology, State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Jiliang Wang
- Center for Supramolecular Chemical Biology, State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Yanan Li
- Department of Pediatrics Children's Medical Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
| | - Muhammad Mujahid Ali
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Biomedical Engineering Education, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China.
| | - Lianghai Hu
- Center for Supramolecular Chemical Biology, State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China.
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Dong X, Lin Y, Li K, Liang G, Huang X, Pan J, Wang L, Zhang D, Liu T, Wang T, Yan X, Zhang L, Li X, Qu X, Jia D, Li Y, Zhang H. Consensus statement on extracellular vesicles in liquid biopsy for advancing laboratory medicine. Clin Chem Lab Med 2024; 0:cclm-2024-0188. [PMID: 38896030 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2024-0188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) represent a diverse class of nanoscale membrane vesicles actively released by cells. These EVs can be further subdivided into categories like exosomes and microvesicles, based on their origins, sizes, and physical attributes. Significantly, disease-derived EVs have been detected in virtually all types of body fluids, providing a comprehensive molecular profile of their cellular origins. As a result, EVs are emerging as a valuable addition to liquid biopsy techniques. In this collective statement, the authors share their current perspectives on EV-related research and product development, with a shared commitment to translating this newfound knowledge into clinical applications for cancer and other diseases, particularly as disease biomarkers. The consensus within this document revolves around the overarching recognition of the merits, unresolved questions, and existing challenges surrounding EVs. This consensus manuscript is a collaborative effort led by the Committee of Exosomes, Society of Tumor Markers, Chinese anti-Cancer Association, aimed at expediting the cultivation of robust scientific and clinically applicable breakthroughs and propelling the field forward with greater swiftness and efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingli Dong
- 558113 Central Laboratory, Department of Hematology and Oncology, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Hematological Malignancies, Shenzhen Clinical Research Center for hematologic disease, Shenzhen University General Hospital , Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China
| | - Yusheng Lin
- Department of Hematology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, 47885 The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632, China
- Institute of Precision Cancer Medicine and Pathology, School of Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, and MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Kai Li
- Institute of Precision Cancer Medicine and Pathology, School of Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, and MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Gaofeng Liang
- 74623 School of Basic Medicine and Forensic Medicine, Henan University of Science & Technology , Luoyang 471023, China
| | - Xiaoyi Huang
- Biotherapy Center, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Heilongjiang Province, Harbin 150081, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Cell Transplantation, Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang Province, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Jingxuan Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Institute of Precision Cancer Medicine and Pathology, School of Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, and MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Dongmei Zhang
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, and College of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, and MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Tingjiao Liu
- Department of Oral Pathology, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital & School of Stomatology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Craniomaxillofacial Development and Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tong Wang
- 47885 MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xiaomei Yan
- Department of Chemical Biology, 534787 MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University , Xiamen, China
| | - Long Zhang
- 12377 MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaowu Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, 558113 Shenzhen Key Laboratory, Shenzhen University General Hospital , Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiujuan Qu
- Department of Medical Oncology, 159407 The First Hospital of China Medical University , Shenyang, China
| | - Da Jia
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Department of Paediatrics, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yong Li
- Cancer Care Centre, St George Hospital, Kogarah, NSW 2217, Australia
- St George and Sutherland Clinical Campuses, School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia
| | - Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, and MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- Institute of Precision Cancer Medicine and Pathology, and Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
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Shen H, Zheng R, Du M, Christiani DC. Environmental pollutants exposure-derived extracellular vesicles: crucial players in respiratory disorders. Thorax 2024; 79:680-691. [PMID: 38631896 DOI: 10.1136/thorax-2023-221302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Individual exposure to environmental pollutants, as one of the most influential drivers of respiratory disorders, has received considerable attention due to its preventability and controllability. Considering that the extracellular vesicle (EV) was an emerging intercellular communication medium, recent studies have highlighted the crucial role of environmental pollutants derived EVs (EPE-EVs) in respiratory disorders. METHODS PubMed and Web of Science were searched from January 2018 to December 2023 for publications with key words of environmental pollutants, respiratory disorders and EVs. RESULTS Environmental pollutants could disrupt airway intercellular communication by indirectly stimulating airway barrier cells to secrete endogenous EVs, or directly transmitting exogenous EVs, mainly by biological pollutants. Mechanistically, EPE-EVs transferred specific contents to modulate biological functions of recipient cells, to induce respiratory inflammation and impair tissue and immune function, which consequently contributed to the development of respiratory diseases, such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, pulmonary fibrosis, pulmonary hypertension, lung cancer and infectious lung diseases. Clinically, EVs could emerged as promising biomarkers and biological agents for respiratory diseases attributed by their specificity, convenience, sensibility and stability. CONCLUSIONS Further studies of EPE-EVs are helpful to understand the aetiology and pathology of respiratory diseases, and facilitate the precision respiratory medicine in risk screening, early diagnosis, clinical management and biotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoran Shen
- School of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Environmental Genomics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Rui Zheng
- Department of Environmental Genomics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Genetic Toxicology, The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mulong Du
- Department of Environmental Genomics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Biostatistics, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Departments of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - David C Christiani
- Departments of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Ren Y, Ge K, Tang Q, Liang X, Fan L, Ye K, Wang M, Yao B. Dual-Recognition-Mediated Autocatalytic Amplification Assay for the Subpopulations of PD-L1 Positive Extracellular Vesicle. Anal Chem 2024; 96:9585-9592. [PMID: 38816678 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.4c01111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
The PD-L1 protein on extracellular vesicles (EVs) is a promising biomarker for tumor immunotherapy. However, PD-L1+ EVs have various cell origins, so further analysis of the subpopulations is essential to help understand better their relationship with tumor immunotherapy. Different from the previous work which focus on the level of total PD-L1+ EVs expression, we, herein, report a dual-recognition mediated autocatalytic amplification (DRMAA) assay to detect the PD-L1 derived from tumors (EpCAM+), immune T cells (CD3+), and total (Lipids) EVs, respectively. The DRMAA assay employed proximity hybridization to construct a complete trigger sequence and then catalyzed the cross-hybridization of three hairpin probes, producing a three-way DNA junction (3-WJ) structure carrying the newly exposed trigger sequence. The 3-WJ complex subsequently initiated an autocatalytic amplification reaction and higher sensitivity than the traditional catalytic hairpin assembly assay was obtained. It was found that the EpCAM+ and PD-L1+ EVs were more effective than others in distinguishing lung cancer patients from healthy people. Surprisingly, the CD3+ and PD-L1+ EVs in lung cancer patients were also upregulated, indicating that immune cell-derived PD-L1+ EVs are also non-negligible marker in a tumor microenvironment. Our results suggested that the DRMAA assay would improve the study of subpopulations of PD-L1+ EVs to provide new insights for cancer immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongan Ren
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Ke Ge
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362000, China
| | - QiaoQiao Tang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Liang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Linlin Fan
- Jining First People's Hospital, Jining 272002, China
| | - Kai Ye
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362000, China
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Bo Yao
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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10
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Bel’skaya LV, Sarf EA, Solomatin DV. Free Salivary Amino Acid Profile in Breast Cancer: Clinicopathological and Molecular Biological Features. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:5614-5631. [PMID: 38921007 PMCID: PMC11202888 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46060336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The study of salivary amino acid profiles has attracted the attention of researchers, since amino acids are actively involved in most metabolic processes, including breast cancer. In this study, we analyzed the amino acid profile of saliva in a sample including all molecular biological subtypes of breast cancer to obtain a more complete picture and evaluate the potential utility of individual amino acids or their combinations for diagnostic purposes. This study included 116 patients with breast cancer, 24 patients with benign breast disease, and 25 healthy controls. From all patients, strictly before the start of treatment, saliva samples were collected, and the quantitative content of 26 amino acids was determined. Statistically significant differences between the three groups are shown in the content of Asp, Gly, Leu + Ile, Orn, Phe, Pro, Thr, and Tyr. To differentiate the three groups from each other, a decision tree was built. To construct it, we selected those amino acids for which the change in concentrations in the subgroups was multidirectional (GABA, Hyl, Arg, His, Pro, and Car). For the first time, it is shown that the amino acid profile of saliva depends on the molecular biological subtype of breast cancer. The most significant differences are shown for the luminal B HER2-positive and TNBC subgroups. In our opinion, it is critically important to consider the molecular biological subtype of breast cancer when searching for potential diagnostic markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyudmila V. Bel’skaya
- Biochemistry Research Laboratory, Omsk State Pedagogical University, 644099 Omsk, Russia;
| | - Elena A. Sarf
- Biochemistry Research Laboratory, Omsk State Pedagogical University, 644099 Omsk, Russia;
| | - Denis V. Solomatin
- Department of Mathematics and Mathematics Teaching Methods, Omsk State Pedagogical University, 644099 Omsk, Russia;
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11
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Wu X, Niu J, Shi Y. Exosomes target HBV-host interactions to remodel the hepatic immune microenvironment. J Nanobiotechnology 2024; 22:315. [PMID: 38840207 PMCID: PMC11151510 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02544-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic hepatitis B poses a significant global burden, modulating immune cells, leading to chronic inflammation and long-term damage. Due to its hepatotropism, the hepatitis B virus (HBV) cannot infect other cells. The mechanisms underlying the intercellular communication among different liver cells in HBV-infected individuals and the immune microenvironment imbalance remain elusive. Exosomes, as important intercellular communication and cargo transportation tools between HBV-infected hepatocytes and immune cells, have been shown to assist in HBV cargo transportation and regulate the immune microenvironment. However, the role of exosomes in hepatitis B has only gradually received attention in recent years. Minimal literature has systematically elaborated on the role of exosomes in reshaping the immune microenvironment of the liver. This review unfolds sequentially based on the biological processes of exosomes: exosomes' biogenesis, release, transport, uptake by recipient cells, and their impact on recipient cells. We delineate how HBV influences the biogenesis of exosomes, utilizing exosomal covert transmission, and reshapes the hepatic immune microenvironment. And based on the characteristics and functions of exosomes, potential applications of exosomes in hepatitis B are summarized and predicted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Wu
- Department of Hepatology, Center of Infectious Diseases and Pathogen Biology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, People's Republic of China
| | - Junqi Niu
- Department of Hepatology, Center of Infectious Diseases and Pathogen Biology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ying Shi
- Department of Hepatology, Center of Infectious Diseases and Pathogen Biology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, People's Republic of China.
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12
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Hao MJ, Cheng ZY, Gao Y, Xin L, Yu CT, Wang TL, Li ZS, Wang LW. Liquid biopsy of oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma: implications in diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment monitoring. Scand J Gastroenterol 2024; 59:698-709. [PMID: 38466190 DOI: 10.1080/00365521.2024.2310167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a common malignant tumour of the gastrointestinal tract. Early detection and access to appropriate treatment are crucial for the long-term survival of patients. However, limited diagnostic and monitoring methods are available for identifying early stage ESCC. Endoscopic screening and surgical resection are commonly used to diagnose and treat early ESCC. However, these methods have disadvantages, such as high recurrence, lethality, and mortality rates. Therefore, methods to improve early diagnosis of ESCC and reduce its mortality rate are urgently required. In 1961, Gary et al. proposed a novel liquid biopsy approach for clinical diagnosis. This involved examining exosomes, circulating tumour cells, circulating free DNA, and circulating free RNA in body fluids. The ability of liquid biopsy to obtain samples repeatedly, wide detection range, and fast detection speed make it a feasible option for non-invasive tumour detection. In clinical practice, liquid biopsy technology has gained popularity for early screening, diagnosis, treatment efficacy monitoring, and prognosis assessment. Thus, this is a highly promising examination method. However, there have been no comprehensive reviews on the four factors of liquid biopsy in the context of ESCC. This review aimed to analyse the progress of liquid biopsy research for ESCC, including its classification, components, and potential future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Juan Hao
- University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Anaesthesia and Surgery, Guiyang Fourth People's Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Zhi-Yuan Cheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ye Gao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Xin
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chu-Ting Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ting-Lu Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhao-Shen Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Luo-Wei Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
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13
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Moghassemi S, Dadashzadeh A, Sousa MJ, Vlieghe H, Yang J, León-Félix CM, Amorim CA. Extracellular vesicles in nanomedicine and regenerative medicine: A review over the last decade. Bioact Mater 2024; 36:126-156. [PMID: 38450204 PMCID: PMC10915394 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2024.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) are known to be secreted by a vast majority of cells. These sEVs, specifically exosomes, induce specific cell-to-cell interactions and can activate signaling pathways in recipient cells through fusion or interaction. These nanovesicles possess several desirable properties, making them ideal for regenerative medicine and nanomedicine applications. These properties include exceptional stability, biocompatibility, wide biodistribution, and minimal immunogenicity. However, the practical utilization of sEVs, particularly in clinical settings and at a large scale, is hindered by the expensive procedures required for their isolation, limited circulation lifetime, and suboptimal targeting capacity. Despite these challenges, sEVs have demonstrated a remarkable ability to accommodate various cargoes and have found extensive applications in the biomedical sciences. To overcome the limitations of sEVs and broaden their potential applications, researchers should strive to deepen their understanding of current isolation, loading, and characterization techniques. Additionally, acquiring fundamental knowledge about sEVs origins and employing state-of-the-art methodologies in nanomedicine and regenerative medicine can expand the sEVs research scope. This review provides a comprehensive overview of state-of-the-art exosome-based strategies in diverse nanomedicine domains, encompassing cancer therapy, immunotherapy, and biomarker applications. Furthermore, we emphasize the immense potential of exosomes in regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeid Moghassemi
- Pôle de Recherche en Physiopathologie de La Reproduction, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Arezoo Dadashzadeh
- Pôle de Recherche en Physiopathologie de La Reproduction, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Maria João Sousa
- Pôle de Recherche en Physiopathologie de La Reproduction, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Hanne Vlieghe
- Pôle de Recherche en Physiopathologie de La Reproduction, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jie Yang
- Pôle de Recherche en Physiopathologie de La Reproduction, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Cecibel María León-Félix
- Pôle de Recherche en Physiopathologie de La Reproduction, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Christiani A. Amorim
- Pôle de Recherche en Physiopathologie de La Reproduction, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
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14
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Grätz C, Schuster M, Brandes F, Meidert AS, Kirchner B, Reithmair M, Schelling G, Pfaffl MW. A pipeline for the development and analysis of extracellular vesicle-based transcriptomic biomarkers in molecular diagnostics. Mol Aspects Med 2024; 97:101269. [PMID: 38552453 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2024.101269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles are shed by every cell type and can be found in any biofluid. They contain different molecules that can be utilized as biomarkers, including several RNA species which they protect from degradation. Here, we present a pipeline for the development and analysis of extracellular vesicle-associated transcriptomic biomarkers that our group has successfully applied multiple times. We highlight the key steps of the pipeline and give particular emphasis to the necessary quality control checkpoints, which are linked to numerous available guidelines that should be considered along the workflow. Our pipeline starts with patient recruitment and continues with blood sampling and processing. The purification and characterization of extracellular vesicles is explained in detail, as well as the isolation and quality control of extracellular vesicle-associated RNA. We point out the possible pitfalls during library preparation and RNA sequencing and present multiple bioinformatic tools to pinpoint biomarker signature candidates from the sequencing data. Finally, considerations and pitfalls during the validation of the biomarker signature using RT-qPCR will be elaborated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Grätz
- Department of Animal Physiology and Immunology, School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany.
| | - Martina Schuster
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Florian Brandes
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Agnes S Meidert
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Benedikt Kirchner
- Department of Animal Physiology and Immunology, School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany; Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Marlene Reithmair
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Gustav Schelling
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Michael W Pfaffl
- Department of Animal Physiology and Immunology, School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany.
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15
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Piibor J, Waldmann A, Prasadani M, Kavak A, Andronowska A, Klein C, Kodithuwakku S, Fazeli A. Investigation of Uterine Fluid Extracellular Vesicles' Proteomic Profiles Provides Novel Diagnostic Biomarkers of Bovine Endometritis. Biomolecules 2024; 14:626. [PMID: 38927030 PMCID: PMC11202259 DOI: 10.3390/biom14060626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Cow uterine infections pose a challenge in dairy farming, resulting in reproductive disorders. Uterine fluid extracellular vesicles (UF-EVs) play a key role in cell-to-cell communication in the uterus, potentially holding the signs of aetiology for endometritis. We used mass spectrometry-based quantitative shotgun proteomics to compare UF-EV proteomic profiles in healthy cows (H), cows with subclinical (SE) or clinical endometritis (CLE) sampled at 28-35 days postpartum. Functional analysis was performed on embryo cultures with the exposure to different EV types. A total of 248 UF-EV proteins exhibited differential enrichment between the groups. Interestingly, in SE, EV protein signature suggests a slight suppression of inflammatory response compared to CLE-UF-EVs, clustering closer with healthy cows' profile. Furthermore, CLE-UF-EVs proteomic profile highlighted pathways associated with cell apoptosis and active inflammation aimed at pathogen elimination. In SE-UF-EVs, the regulation of normal physiological status was aberrant, showing cell damage and endometrial repair at the same time. Serine peptidase HtrA1 (HTRA1) emerged as a potential biomarker for SE. Supplementation of CLE- and SE-derived UF-EVs reduced the embryo developmental rates and quality. Therefore, further research is warranted to elucidate the precise aetiology of SE in cattle, and HTRA1 should be further explored as a potential diagnostic biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Piibor
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 62, 51006 Tartu, Estonia; (J.P.); (A.W.); (M.P.); (A.K.); (S.K.)
| | - Andres Waldmann
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 62, 51006 Tartu, Estonia; (J.P.); (A.W.); (M.P.); (A.K.); (S.K.)
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, LV-3004 Jelgava, Latvia
| | - Madhusha Prasadani
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 62, 51006 Tartu, Estonia; (J.P.); (A.W.); (M.P.); (A.K.); (S.K.)
| | - Ants Kavak
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 62, 51006 Tartu, Estonia; (J.P.); (A.W.); (M.P.); (A.K.); (S.K.)
| | - Aneta Andronowska
- Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Juliana Tuwima 10, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland;
| | - Claudia Klein
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Höltystr. 10, 31535 Neustadt, Germany;
| | - Suranga Kodithuwakku
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 62, 51006 Tartu, Estonia; (J.P.); (A.W.); (M.P.); (A.K.); (S.K.)
- Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya 20400, Sri Lanka
| | - Alireza Fazeli
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 62, 51006 Tartu, Estonia; (J.P.); (A.W.); (M.P.); (A.K.); (S.K.)
- Department of Pathophysiology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Ravila St. 14b, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
- Division of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine & Population Health, University of Sheffield, Level 4, Jessop Wing, Tree Root Walk, Sheffield S10 2SF, UK
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16
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Zhang Y, Liu Y, Wu L, Chen T, Jiao H, Ruan Y, Zhou P, Zhang Y. Expression of SOX4 Significantly Predicts the Risk of Lymph Node Metastasis for Patients With Early-Stage Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. J Transl Med 2024; 104:102042. [PMID: 38431117 DOI: 10.1016/j.labinv.2024.102042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma stands as a notably aggressive malignancy within the digestive system. In cases of early esophageal cancer without lymph node metastasis, endoscopic surgical resection offers a viable alternative, often resulting in improved patient quality of life. However, the paucity of methods to preoperatively ascertain lymph node involvement complicates surgical planning. SOX4 gene was previously found to be highly associated with invasive metastasis in our work through single-cell RNA sequencing on 5 paired tumor/peritumor tissues. This research included the collection of 124 tissue samples from 106 patients (106 tumor and 18 lymph node specimens). Samples were methodically arranged into a tissue microarray and treated with immunohistochemical staining. Statistical analysis was conducted to assess the relationship between them. In the univariate analysis, 3 factors were identified as statistically significant in relation to lymph node metastasis: T category (P = .014), vascular invasion (P < .001), and SOX4 intensity (P = .001). Additionally, when evaluating SOX4 intensity alongside other clinical indicators, SOX4 was shown to independently influence lymph node metastasis. Further, the multivariate analysis revealed that vascular invasion (P < .001) and SOX4 intensity (P = .003) were significantly associated with lymph node metastasis, exhibiting hazard ratios of 10.174 and 7.142, respectively. The results of our study indicate that both SOX4 expression and vascular invasion serve as predictors of lymph node metastasis in patients diagnosed with category T1 esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, underscoring the potential utility of SOX4 in prognostic evaluations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifei Zhang
- Endoscopy Center and Endoscopy Research Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Endoscopy, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanbo Liu
- Endoscopy Center and Endoscopy Research Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Endoscopy, Shanghai, China
| | - Linfeng Wu
- Endoscopy Center and Endoscopy Research Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Endoscopy, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianyin Chen
- Endoscopy Center and Endoscopy Research Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Endoscopy, Shanghai, China
| | - Heng Jiao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuanyuan Ruan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Pinghong Zhou
- Endoscopy Center and Endoscopy Research Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Endoscopy, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yiqun Zhang
- Endoscopy Center and Endoscopy Research Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Endoscopy, Shanghai, China.
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17
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Xie J, Xing S, Jiang H, Zhang J, Li D, Niu S, Huang Z, Yin H. Extracellular vesicles-derived CXCL4 is a candidate serum tumor biomarker for colorectal cancer. iScience 2024; 27:109612. [PMID: 38632995 PMCID: PMC11022053 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) were promising circulating biomarkers for multiple diseases, but whether serum EVs-derived proteins could be used as a reliable tumor biomarker for colorectal cancer (CRC) remained inconclusive. In this study, we identified CXCL4 by a 4D data-independent acquisition-based quantitative proteomics assay of serum EVs-derived proteins in 40 individuals and subsequently analyzed serum EVs-derived CXCL4 levels by ELISA in 2 cohorts of 749 individuals. The results revealed that EVs-derived CXCL4 levels were dramatically elevated in CRC patients than in benign colorectal polyp patients or healthy controls (HC). Furthermore, receiver operating characteristic curves revealed that EVs-derived CXCL4 exhibited superior diagnostic performance with area under the curve of 0.948 in the training cohort. Additionally, CXCL4 could effectively distinguish CRC in stage I/II from HC. Notably, CRC patients with high levels of EVs-derived CXCL4 have shorter 2-year progression-free survival than those with low levels. Overall, our findings demonstrated that serum EVs-derived CXCL4 was a candidate diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinye Xie
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongshan City People’s Hospital, Zhongshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Shan Xing
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hongbo Jiang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiaju Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Daxiao Li
- Department of Ophtalmology and ENT, Shenzhen Longgang District Second People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Shiqiong Niu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhijian Huang
- Department of Pathology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Haofan Yin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shenzhen People’s Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
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18
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Qi JH, Huang SL, Jin SZ. Novel milestones for early esophageal carcinoma: From bench to bed. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2024; 16:1104-1118. [PMID: 38660637 PMCID: PMC11037034 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v16.i4.1104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Esophageal cancer (EC) is the seventh most common cancer worldwide, and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) accounts for the majority of cases of EC. To effectively diagnose and treat ESCC and improve patient prognosis, timely diagnosis in the initial phase of the illness is necessary. This article offers a detailed summary of the latest advancements and emerging technologies in the timely identification of ECs. Molecular biology and epigenetics approaches involve the use of molecular mechanisms combined with fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), high-throughput sequencing technology (next-generation sequencing), and digital PCR technology to study endogenous or exogenous biomolecular changes in the human body and provide a decision-making basis for the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of diseases. The investigation of the microbiome is a swiftly progressing area in human cancer research, and microorganisms with complex functions are potential components of the tumor microenvironment. The intratumoral microbiota was also found to be connected to tumor progression. The application of endoscopy as a crucial technique for the early identification of ESCC has been essential, and with ongoing advancements in technology, endoscopy has continuously improved. With the advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) technology, the utilization of AI in the detection of gastrointestinal tumors has become increasingly prevalent. The implementation of AI can effectively resolve the discrepancies among observers, improve the detection rate, assist in predicting the depth of invasion and differentiation status, guide the pericancerous margins, and aid in a more accurate diagnosis of ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Han Qi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Shi-Ling Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Shi-Zhu Jin
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, Heilongjiang Province, China
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19
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Cui L, Zheng J, Lu Y, Lin P, Lin Y, Zheng Y, Xu R, Mai Z, Guo B, Zhao X. New frontiers in salivary extracellular vesicles: transforming diagnostics, monitoring, and therapeutics in oral and systemic diseases. J Nanobiotechnology 2024; 22:171. [PMID: 38610017 PMCID: PMC11015696 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02443-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Salivary extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as key tools for non-invasive diagnostics, playing a crucial role in the early detection and monitoring of diseases. These EVs surpass whole saliva in biomarker detection due to their enhanced stability, which minimizes contamination and enzymatic degradation. The review comprehensively discusses methods for isolating, enriching, quantifying, and characterizing salivary EVs. It highlights their importance as biomarkers in oral diseases like periodontitis and oral cancer, and underscores their potential in monitoring systemic conditions. Furthermore, the review explores the therapeutic possibilities of salivary EVs, particularly in personalized medicine through engineered EVs for targeted drug delivery. The discussion also covers the current challenges and future prospects in the field, emphasizing the potential of salivary EVs in advancing clinical practice and disease management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Cui
- Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510280, China
| | - Jiarong Zheng
- Department of Dentistry, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Ye Lu
- Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510280, China
| | - Pei Lin
- Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510280, China
| | - Yunfan Lin
- Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510280, China
| | - Yucheng Zheng
- Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510280, China
| | - Rongwei Xu
- Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510280, China
| | - Zizhao Mai
- Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510280, China
| | - Bing Guo
- Department of Dentistry, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Xinyuan Zhao
- Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510280, China.
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20
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Romanowicz A, Lukaszewicz-Zajac M, Mroczko B. Exploring Potential Biomarkers in Oesophageal Cancer: A Comprehensive Analysis. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4253. [PMID: 38673838 PMCID: PMC11050399 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Oesophageal cancer (OC) is the sixth leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. OC is highly aggressive, primarily due to its late stage of diagnosis and poor prognosis for patients' survival. Therefore, the establishment of new biomarkers that will be measured with non-invasive techniques at low cost is a critical issue in improving the diagnosis of OC. In this review, we summarize several original studies concerning the potential significance of selected chemokines and their receptors, including inflammatory proteins such as interleukin-6 (IL-6) and C-reactive protein (CRP), hematopoietic growth factors (HGFs), claudins (CLDNs), matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and their tissue inhibitors (TIMPs), adamalysines (ADAMs), as well as DNA- and RNA-based biomarkers, in OC. The presented results indicate the significant correlation between the CXCL12, CXCR4, CXCL8/CXCR2, M-CSF, MMP-2, MMP-9 ADAM17, ADAMTS-6, and CLDN7 levels and tumor stage, as well as the clinicopathological parameters of OC, such as the presence of lymph node and/or distant metastases. CXCL12, CXCL8/CXCR2, IL-6, TIMP-2, ADAM9, and ADAMTS-6 were prognostic factors for the overall survival of OC patients. Furthermore, IL-6, CXCR4, CXCL8, and MMP-9 indicate higher diagnostic utility based on the area under the ROC curve (AUC) than well-established OC tumor markers, whereas CLDN18.2 can be used in novel targeted therapies for OC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrianna Romanowicz
- Department of Biochemical Diagnostics, Medical University of Bialystok, ul. Waszyngtona 15a, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland; (A.R.); (B.M.)
| | - Marta Lukaszewicz-Zajac
- Department of Biochemical Diagnostics, Medical University of Bialystok, ul. Waszyngtona 15a, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland; (A.R.); (B.M.)
| | - Barbara Mroczko
- Department of Biochemical Diagnostics, Medical University of Bialystok, ul. Waszyngtona 15a, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland; (A.R.); (B.M.)
- Department of Neurodegeneration Diagnostics, Medical University of Bialystok, ul. Waszyngtona 15a, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland
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21
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Chen Q, Li D, Jiang L, Wu Y, Yuan H, Shi G, Liu F, Wu P, Jiang K. Biological functions and clinical significance of tRNA-derived small fragment (tsRNA) in tumors: Current state and future perspectives. Cancer Lett 2024; 587:216701. [PMID: 38369004 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.216701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
A new class of noncoding RNAs, tsRNAs are not only abundant in humans but also have high tissue specificity. Recently, an increasing number of studies have explored the correlations between tsRNAs and tumors, showing that tsRNAs can affect biological behaviors of tumor cells, such as proliferation, apoptosis and metastasis, by modulating protein translation, RNA transcription or posttranscriptional regulation. In addition, tsRNAs are widely distributed and stably expressed, which endows them with broad application prospects in diagnosing and predicting the prognosis of tumors, and they are expected to become new biomarkers. However, notably, the current research on tsRNAs still faces problems that need to be solved. In this review, we describe the characteristics of tsRNAs as well as their unique features and functions in tumors. Moreover, we also discuss the potential opportunities and challenges in clinical applications and research of tsRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qun Chen
- Pancreas Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Danrui Li
- Pancreas Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Luyang Jiang
- Pancreas Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yang Wu
- Pancreas Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hao Yuan
- Pancreas Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guodong Shi
- Pancreas Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fengyuan Liu
- Pancreas Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Pengfei Wu
- Pancreas Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Kuirong Jiang
- Pancreas Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
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22
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Wu Y, Han W, Dong H, Liu X, Su X. The rising roles of exosomes in the tumor microenvironment reprogramming and cancer immunotherapy. MedComm (Beijing) 2024; 5:e541. [PMID: 38585234 PMCID: PMC10999178 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are indispensable for intercellular communications. Tumor microenvironment (TME) is the living environment of tumor cells, which is composed of various components, including immune cells. Based on TME, immunotherapy has been recently developed for eradicating cancer cells by reactivating antitumor effect of immune cells. The communications between tumor cells and TME are crucial for tumor development, metastasis, and drug resistance. Exosomes play an important role in mediating these communications and regulating the reprogramming of TME, which affects the sensitivity of immunotherapy. Therefore, it is imperative to investigate the role of exosomes in TME reprogramming and the impact of exosomes on immunotherapy. Here, we review the communication role of exosomes in regulating TME remodeling and the efficacy of immunotherapy, as well as summarize the underlying mechanisms. Furthermore, we also introduce the potential application of the artificially modified exosomes as the delivery systems of antitumor drugs. Further efforts in this field will provide new insights on the roles of exosomes in intercellular communications of TME and cancer progression, thus helping us to uncover effective strategies for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wu
- Clinical Medical Research Center of the Affiliated HospitalInner Mongolia Medical UniversityHohhotChina
| | - Wenyan Han
- Clinical Laboratorythe Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical UniversityHohhotChina
| | - Hairong Dong
- Clinical LaboratoryHohhot first hospitalHohhotChina
| | - Xiaofeng Liu
- Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery Department IKey Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing)Peking University Cancer Hospital and InstituteBeijingChina
| | - Xiulan Su
- Clinical Medical Research Center of the Affiliated HospitalInner Mongolia Medical UniversityHohhotChina
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23
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Huang T, Zhao Y, Jiang G, Yang Z. tsRNA: A Promising Biomarker in Breast Cancer. J Cancer 2024; 15:2613-2626. [PMID: 38577588 PMCID: PMC10988313 DOI: 10.7150/jca.93531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
tRNA-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs) are a novel class of non-coding small RNAs, generated from specific cleavage sites of tRNA or pre-tRNA. tsRNAs can directly participate in RNA silencing, transcription, translation, and other processes. Their dysregulation is closely related to the occurrence and development of various cancers. Breast cancer is one of the most common and fastest-growing malignant tumors in humans. tsRNAs have been found to be dysregulated in breast cancer, serving as a new target for exploring the pathogenesis of breast cancer. They are also considered new tumor markers, providing a basis for diagnosis and treatment. This article reviews the generation, classification, mechanism of action, function of tsRNAs, and their biological effects and related mechanisms in breast cancer, in the hope of providing a new direction for the diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Huang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, China
| | - Yuexin Zhao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, China
| | - Guoqin Jiang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, China
| | - Zhixue Yang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, China
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24
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Hu S, Feng L, Yang Z, Fan X, Gao H, Yang T. A recognition of exosomes as regulators of epigenetic mechanisms in central nervous system diseases. Front Mol Neurosci 2024; 17:1370449. [PMID: 38528957 PMCID: PMC10962328 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2024.1370449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Exosomes, vesicular structures originating from cells, participate in the conveyance of proteins and nucleic acids. Presently, the centrality of epigenetic modifications in neurological disorders is widely acknowledged. Exosomes exert influence over various epigenetic phenomena, thereby modulating post-transcriptional regulatory processes contingent upon their constituent makeup. Consequently, the heightened attention directed toward exosomes as instigators of epigenetic alterations has burgeoned in recent years. Notably, exosomes serve as vehicles for delivering methyltransferases to recipient cells. More significantly, non-coding RNAs, particularly microRNAs (miRNAs), represent pivotal contents within exosomes, wielding the capacity to influence the expression of diverse factors within the cerebral milieu. The transfer of these exosomal contents amidst brain cells, encompassing neuronal cells and microglia, assumes a critical role in the genesis and progression of neurological disorders, also, this role is not limited to neurological disorders, it may deal with any human disease, such as cancer, and cardiovascular diseases. This review will concentrate on elucidating the regulation of exosome-induced epigenetic events and its subsequent ramifications for neurological diseases. A more profound comprehension of the involvement of exosome-mediated epigenetic regulation in neurological disorders contributes to a heightened awareness of the etiology and advancement of cerebral afflictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunxin Hu
- Shandong First Medical University, Tai'an, China
| | - Lei Feng
- Jining First People's Hospital, Jining, China
| | | | - Xuechen Fan
- Jining First People's Hospital, Jining, China
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25
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Mou X, Peng Z, Yin T, Sun X. Non-endoscopic Screening for Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Recent Advances. J Gastrointest Cancer 2024; 55:118-128. [PMID: 37924487 DOI: 10.1007/s12029-023-00980-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the most common tumors in the gastrointestinal tract, and China has a high incidence area with a high burden on the disease. As early symptoms of ESCC are not obvious, the mortality rate is high, and it is often diagnosed in the intermediate and advanced stages. However, early screening and treatment may reduce morbidity and mortality. METHODS Screening methods are divided into endoscopic and non-endoscopic screening. RESULTS Endoscopic screening cannot be widely used because of its invasive nature and high cost. Currently, non-endoscopic screening consists primarily of tumor biomarkers and cytology, and tumor biomarkers including autoantibodies, circulating tumor cells, circulating tumor DNA, exosomes and serum metabolomics are more likely to be effective. But the efficiency of early diagnosis of esophageal cancer is low and the accuracy of screening needs to be improved. The aim of this study is to summarize advances in non-endoscopic esophageal cancer screening and strategies to provide a scientific basis and research idea for esophageal cancer prevention and control. CONCLUSIONS Non-endoscopic screening is better than endoscopic screening. And the application of tumor biomarkers is much better than other non-endoscopic screening methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Mou
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.
| | - Zhenglin Peng
- College of Clinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Tao Yin
- College of Clinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Xingwang Sun
- College of Clinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
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26
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Salehi M, Kamali MJ, Rajabzadeh A, Minoo S, Mosharafi H, Saeedi F, Daraei A. tRNA-derived fragments: Key determinants of cancer metastasis with emerging therapeutic and diagnostic potentials. Arch Biochem Biophys 2024; 753:109930. [PMID: 38369227 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2024.109930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Metastasis is a significant clinical challenge responsible for cancer mortality and non-response to treatment. However, the molecular mechanisms driving metastasis remain unclear, limiting the development of efficient diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. Recent breakthroughs in cancer biology have discovered a group of small non-coding RNAs called tRNA-derived fragments (tRFs), which play a critical role in the metastatic behavior of various tumors. tRFs are produced from cleavage modifications of tRNAs and have different functional classes based on the pattern of these modifications. They perform post-transcriptional regulation through microRNA-like functions, displacing RNA-binding proteins, and play a role in translational regulation by inducing ribosome synthesis, translation initiation, and epigenetic regulation. Tumor cells manipulate tRFs to develop and survive the tumor mass, primarily by inducing metastasis. Multiple studies have demonstrated the potential of tRFs as therapeutic, diagnostic, and prognostic targets for tumor metastasis. This review discusses the production and function of tRFs in cells, their aberrant molecular contributions to the metastatic environment, and their potential as promising targets for anti-metastasis treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Salehi
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran; Student Research Committee, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Javad Kamali
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Aliakbar Rajabzadeh
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Shima Minoo
- Department of Dentistry, Khorasgan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
| | | | - Fatemeh Saeedi
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Abdolreza Daraei
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.
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27
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Zhang Y, Gu X, Li Y, Huang Y, Ju S. Multiple regulatory roles of the transfer RNA-derived small RNAs in cancers. Genes Dis 2024; 11:597-613. [PMID: 37692525 PMCID: PMC10491922 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2023.02.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
With the development of sequencing technology, transfer RNA (tRNA)-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs) have received extensive attention as a new type of small noncoding RNAs. Based on the differences in the cleavage sites of nucleases on tRNAs, tsRNAs can be divided into two categories, tRNA halves (tiRNAs) and tRNA-derived fragments (tRFs), each with specific subcellular localizations. Additionally, the biogenesis of tsRNAs is tissue-specific and can be regulated by tRNA modifications. In this review, we first elaborated on the classification and biogenesis of tsRNAs. After summarizing the latest mechanisms of tsRNAs, including transcriptional gene silencing, post-transcriptional gene silencing, nascent RNA silencing, translation regulation, rRNA regulation, and reverse transcription regulation, we explored the representative biological functions of tsRNAs in tumors. Furthermore, this review summarized the clinical value of tsRNAs in cancers, thus providing theoretical support for their potential as novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China
- Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China
| | - Xinliang Gu
- Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China
- Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China
| | - Yang Li
- Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China
- Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China
| | - Yuejiao Huang
- Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China
| | - Shaoqing Ju
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China
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28
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González Á, López-Borrego S, Sandúa A, Vales-Gomez M, Alegre E. Extracellular vesicles in cancer: challenges and opportunities for clinical laboratories. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci 2024:1-23. [PMID: 38361287 DOI: 10.1080/10408363.2024.2309935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nano-sized particles secreted by most cells. They transport different types of biomolecules (nucleic acids, proteins, and lipids) characteristic of their tissue or cellular origin that can mediate long-distance intercellular communication. In the case of cancer, EVs participate in tumor progression by modifying the tumor microenvironment, favoring immune tolerance and metastasis development. Consequently, EVs have great potential in liquid biopsy for cancer diagnosis, prognosis and follow-up. In addition, EVs could have a role in cancer treatment as a targeted drug delivery system. The intense research in the EV field has resulted in hundreds of patents and the creation of biomedical companies. However, methodological issues and heterogeneity in EV composition have hampered the advancement of EV validation trials and the development of EV-based diagnostic and therapeutic products. Consequently, only a few EV biomarkers have moved from research to clinical laboratories, such as the ExoDx Prostate IntelliScore (EPI) test, a CLIA/FDA-approved EV prostate cancer diagnostic test. In addition, the number of large-scale multicenter studies that would clearly define biomarker performance is limited. In this review, we will critically describe the different types of EVs, the methods for their enrichment and characterization, and their biological role in cancer. Then, we will specially focus on the parameters to be considered for the translation of EV biology to the clinic laboratory, the advances already made in the field of EVs related to cancer diagnosis and treatment, and the issues still pending to be solved before EVs could be used as a routine tool in oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Álvaro González
- Service of Biochemistry, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Silvia López-Borrego
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, National Centre for Biotechnology, Spanish National Research Council, Madrid, Spain
| | - Amaia Sandúa
- Service of Biochemistry, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Mar Vales-Gomez
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, National Centre for Biotechnology, Spanish National Research Council, Madrid, Spain
| | - Estibaliz Alegre
- Service of Biochemistry, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
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Lin Y, Wang X, He S, Duan Z, Zhang Y, Sun X, Hu Y, Zhang Y, Qian Z, Gao X, Zhang Z. Immunostimulatory gene therapy combined with checkpoint blockade reshapes tumor microenvironment and enhances ovarian cancer immunotherapy. Acta Pharm Sin B 2024; 14:854-868. [PMID: 38322330 PMCID: PMC10840399 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2023.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Immune evasion has made ovarian cancer notorious for its refractory features, making the development of immunotherapy highly appealing to ovarian cancer treatment. The immune-stimulating cytokine IL-12 exhibits excellent antitumor activities. However, IL-12 can induce IFN-γ release and subsequently upregulate PDL-1 expression on tumor cells. Therefore, the tumor-targeting folate-modified delivery system F-DPC is constructed for concurrent delivery of IL-12 encoding gene and small molecular PDL-1 inhibitor (iPDL-1) to reduce immune escape and boost anti-tumor immunity. The physicochemical characteristics, gene transfection efficiency of the F-DPC nanoparticles in ovarian cancer cells are analyzed. The immune-modulation effects of combination therapy on different immune cells are also studied. Results show that compared with non-folate-modified vector, folate-modified F-DPC can improve the targeting of ovarian cancer and enhance the transfection efficiency of pIL-12. The underlying anti-tumor mechanisms include the regulation of T cells proliferation and activation, NK activation, macrophage polarization and DC maturation. The F-DPC/pIL-12/iPDL-1 complexes have shown outstanding antitumor effects and low toxicity in peritoneal model of ovarian cancer in mice. Taken together, our work provides new insights into ovarian cancer immunotherapy. Novel F-DPC/pIL-12/iPDL-1 complexes are revealed to exert prominent anti-tumor effect by modulating tumor immune microenvironment and preventing immune escape and might be a promising treatment option for ovarian cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunzhu Lin
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Evidence-based Pharmacy Center, West China Second University Hospital, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xiang Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery and Institute of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Shi He
- Department of Neurosurgery and Institute of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zhongxin Duan
- Department of Neurosurgery and Institute of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yunchu Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery and Institute of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xiaodong Sun
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yuzhu Hu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zhiyong Qian
- Department of Neurosurgery and Institute of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xiang Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery and Institute of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zhirong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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30
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Li D, Xie X, Yin N, Wu X, Yi B, Zhang H, Zhang W. tRNA-Derived Small RNAs: A Novel Regulatory Small Noncoding RNA in Renal Diseases. KIDNEY DISEASES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 10:1-11. [PMID: 38322624 PMCID: PMC10843216 DOI: 10.1159/000533811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Background tRNA-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs) are an emerging class of small noncoding RNAs derived from tRNA cleavage. Summary With the development of high-throughput sequencing, various biological roles of tsRNAs have been gradually revealed, including regulation of mRNA stability, transcription, translation, direct interaction with proteins and as epigenetic factors, etc. Recent studies have shown that tsRNAs are also closely related to renal disease. In clinical acute kidney injury (AKI) patients and preclinical AKI models, the production and differential expression of tsRNAs in renal tissue and plasma were observed. Decreased expression of tsRNAs was also found in urine exosomes from chronic kidney disease patients. Dysregulation of tsRNAs also appears in models of nephrotic syndrome and patients with lupus nephritis. And specific tsRNAs were found in high glucose model in vitro and in serum of diabetic nephropathy patients. In addition, tsRNAs were also differentially expressed in patients with kidney cancer and transplantation. Key Messages In the present review, we have summarized up-to-date works and reviewed the relationship and possible mechanisms between tsRNAs and kidney diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Li
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- The Critical Kidney Disease Research Center of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xian Xie
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- The Critical Kidney Disease Research Center of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ni Yin
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- The Critical Kidney Disease Research Center of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xueqin Wu
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- The Critical Kidney Disease Research Center of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Bin Yi
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- The Critical Kidney Disease Research Center of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- The Critical Kidney Disease Research Center of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- The Critical Kidney Disease Research Center of Central South University, Changsha, China
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31
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Yang Q, Li S, Ou H, Zhang Y, Zhu G, Li S, Lei L. Exosome-based delivery strategies for tumor therapy: an update on modification, loading, and clinical application. J Nanobiotechnology 2024; 22:41. [PMID: 38281957 PMCID: PMC10823703 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02298-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Malignancy is a major public health problem and among the leading lethal diseases worldwide. Although the current tumor treatment methods have therapeutic effect to a certain extent, they still have some shortcomings such as poor water solubility, short half-life, local and systemic toxicity. Therefore, how to deliver therapeutic agent so as to realize safe and effective anti-tumor therapy become a problem urgently to be solved in this field. As a medium of information exchange and material transport between cells, exosomes are considered to be a promising drug delivery carrier due to their nano-size, good biocompatibility, natural targeting, and easy modification. In this review, we summarize recent advances in the isolation, identification, drug loading, and modification of exosomes as drug carriers for tumor therapy alongside their application in tumor therapy. Basic knowledge of exosomes, such as their biogenesis, sources, and characterization methods, is also introduced herein. In addition, challenges related to the use of exosomes as drug delivery vehicles are discussed, along with future trends. This review provides a scientific basis for the application of exosome delivery systems in oncological therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Yang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Shisheng Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China.
| | - Haibo Ou
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Yuming Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Gangcai Zhu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Shaohong Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China.
| | - Lanjie Lei
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, 310015, Zhejiang, China.
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Tengler L, Tiedtke M, Schütz J, Bieback K, Uhlig S, Theodoraki MN, Nitschke K, Worst TS, Seiz E, Scherl C, Rotter N, Ludwig S. Optimization of extracellular vesicles preparation from saliva of head and neck cancer patients. Sci Rep 2024; 14:946. [PMID: 38200037 PMCID: PMC10781729 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-50610-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Small extracellular vesicles from saliva (SEVs) have high potential as biomarkers in Head and Neck cancer (HNC). However, there is no common consensus on the ideal method for their isolation. This study compared different ultracentrifugation (UC) methods (durations and + /- additional purification) with size exclusion chromatography (SEC) and investigated the potential of SEVs as diagnostic biomarkers and their biological activity on NK and CD8+ T cells. SEVs from 19 HNC patients and 8 healthy donors (HDs) were thoroughly characterized. Transmission electron microscopy confirmed the isolation of vesicles by all methods. The average size determined via nanoparticle-tracking analysis was smaller for SEVs isolated by SEC than UC. The highest particle-to-protein yield was achieved by UC (3 h + 3 h) (UCopt) and SEC. However, SEC yielded considerably fewer SEVs. Comparing the surface marker cargo, SEVs isolated by UCopt from HNC patients carried more PD-L1, FasL, and TGF-β than SEVs from HDs. These levels correlated with tumor stage and HPV status. SEVs downregulated NKG2D expression on primary NK cells. HNC SEVs accelerated CD8+ T cell death compared to HD SEVs. This study suggests that UCopt is preferable when isolation of a high particle-to-protein load is required. Especially PD-L1 and FasL on SEVs hold substantial potential as diagnostic biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Tengler
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Moritz Tiedtke
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Julia Schütz
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Karen Bieback
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, German Red Cross Blood Service, Baden‑Württemberg‑Hessen, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Stefanie Uhlig
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, German Red Cross Blood Service, Baden‑Württemberg‑Hessen, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Marie-Nicole Theodoraki
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Klinikum Rechts Der Isar, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Katja Nitschke
- Department of Urology and Urosurgery, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University Hospital Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Thomas Stefan Worst
- Department of Urology and Urosurgery, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University Hospital Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Elena Seiz
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Claudia Scherl
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Nicole Rotter
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Sonja Ludwig
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.
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Wang L, Peng B, Yan Y, Liu G, Yang D, Wang Q, Li Y, Mao Q, Chen Q. The tRF-3024b hijacks miR-192-5p to increase BCL-2-mediated resistance to cytotoxic T lymphocytes in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 126:111135. [PMID: 37977065 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.111135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
The limited efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in the treatment of advanced Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma (ESCC) poses a challenge. Recent evidence suggests that tumor cells' insensitivity to cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) contributes to drug resistance against ICIs. Here, a particular tRNA-derived fragment called tRF-3024b has been identified as playing a significant role in tumor cell resistance to CTLs. Through tRF sequencing (tRF-seq), we observed a high expression of tRF-3024b in ESCC cells that survived co-culture with CTLs. Further in vitro studies demonstrated that tRF-3024b reduced the apoptosis of tumor cells when co-cultured with CTLs. The mechanism behind this resistance involves tRF-3024b promoting the expression of B-cell lymphoma-2 (BCL-2) by sequestering miR-192-5p, a microRNA that would normally inhibit BCL-2 expression. This means that tRF-3024b indirectly enhances the protective effects of BCL-2, reducing apoptosis in tumor cells. Rescue assays confirmed that the suppressive function of tRF-3024b relies on BCL-2. In summary, the tRF-3024b/miR-192-5p/BCL-2 axis sheds light on the crucial role of tRF-3024b in regulating BCL-2 expression. These findings offer valuable insights into strategies to enhance the response of ESCC to CTLs and improve the effectiveness of immunotherapy approaches in treating ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Wang
- Department of Oncology, Department of Geriatric Lung Cancer Laboratory, The Affiliated Geriatric Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bo Peng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yan Yan
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guangjun Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dunpeng Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qibin Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yongcheng Li
- Department of Oncology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Qixing Mao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University and Jiangsu Cancer Hospital and Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing, China.
| | - Qiang Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
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Li W, Xu T, Jin H, Li M, Jia Q. Emerging role of cancer-associated fibroblasts in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 253:155002. [PMID: 38056131 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.155002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Esophageal carcinoma is the sixth leading cause of cancer death globally and the majority of global cases are esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Difficulty in diagnosis exists as more than 70% of ESCC patients are diagnosed at the intermediate or advanced stage. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) have been considered one of the crucial components in the process of tumor growth, promoting communications between cancer cells and the tumor microenvironment (TME). CAFs grow alongside malignancies dynamically and interact with ESCC cells to promote their progression, proliferation, invasion, tumor escape, chemo- and radio-resistance, etc. It is believed that CAFs qualify as a promising direction for treatment. Analyzing CAFs' subtypes and functions will elucidate the involvement of CAFs in ESCC and aid in therapeutics. This review summarizes current information on CAFs in ESCC and focuses on the latest interaction between CAFs and ESCC cancer cell discoveries. The origin of CAFs and their communication with ESCC cells and TME are also demonstrated. On the foundation of a thorough analysis, we highlight the clinical prospects and CAFs-related therapies in ESCC in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital and School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Tianqi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital and School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hai Jin
- Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China.
| | - Mingyang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital and School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Qingge Jia
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Xi'an International Medical Center Hospital, Northwest University, Xi'an, China.
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35
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Manai F, Smedowski A, Kaarniranta K, Comincini S, Amadio M. Extracellular vesicles in degenerative retinal diseases: A new therapeutic paradigm. J Control Release 2024; 365:448-468. [PMID: 38013069 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.11.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Nanoscale extracellular vesicles (EVs), consisting of exomers, exosomes and microvesicles/ectosomes, have been extensively investigated in the last 20 years, although their biological role is still something of a mystery. EVs are involved in the transfer of lipids, nucleic acids and proteins from donor to recipient cells or distant organs as well as regulating cell-cell communication and signaling. Thus, EVs are important in intercellular communication and this is not limited to sister cells, but may also mediate the crosstalk between different cell types even over long distances. EVs play crucial functions in both cellular homeostasis and the pathogenesis of diseases, and since their contents reflect the status of the donor cell, they represent an additional valuable source of information for characterizing complex biological processes. Recent advances in isolation and analytical methods have led to substantial improvements in both characterizing and engineering EVs, leading to their use either as novel biomarkers for disease diagnosis/prognosis or even as novel therapies. Due to their capacity to carry biomolecules, various EV-based therapeutic applications have been devised for several pathological conditions, including eye diseases. In the eye, EVs have been detected in the retina, aqueous humor, vitreous body and also in tears. Experiences with other forms of intraocular drug applications have opened new ways to use EVs in the treatment of retinal diseases. We here provide a comprehensive summary of the main in vitro, in vivo, and ex vivo literature-based studies on EVs' role in ocular physiological and pathological conditions. We have focused on age-related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma, which are common eye diseases leading to permanent blindness, if not treated properly. In addition, the putative use of EVs in retinitis pigmentosa and other retinopathies is discussed. Finally, we have reviewed the potential of EVs as therapeutic tools and/or biomarkers in the above-mentioned retinal disorders. Evidence emerging from experimental disease models and human material strongly suggests future diagnostic and/or therapeutic exploitation of these biological agents in various ocular disorders with a good possibility to improve the patient's quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Manai
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "L. Spallanzani", University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Adrian Smedowski
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland; GlaucoTech Co., Katowice, Poland
| | - Kai Kaarniranta
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland; Department of Ophthalmology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Sergio Comincini
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "L. Spallanzani", University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
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36
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Huang Y, Yang H, Li J, Wang F, Liu W, Liu Y, Wang R, Duan L, Wu J, Gao Z, Cao J, Bian F, Zhang J, Zhao F, Yang S, Cao S, Yang A, Wang X, Geng M, Hao A, Li J, Cao J, Li C, Zhang Z, Zhang N, Huang Y, Zhang Y, Qian K, Zhou F. Diagnosis of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma by High-Performance Serum Metabolic Fingerprints: A Retrospective Study. SMALL METHODS 2024; 8:e2301046. [PMID: 37803160 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202301046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a highly prevalent and aggressive malignancy, and timely diagnosis of ESCC contributes to an increased cancer survival rate. However, current detection methods for ESCC mainly rely on endoscopic examination, limited by a relatively low participation rate. Herein, ferric-particle-enhanced laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (FPELDI MS) is utilized to record the serum metabolic fingerprints (SMFs) from a retrospective cohort (523 non-ESCC participants and 462 ESCC patients) to build diagnostic models toward ESCC. The PFELDI MS achieved high speed (≈30 s per sample), desirable reproducibility (coefficients of variation < 15%), and high throughput (985 samples with ≈124 200 data points for each spectrum). Desirable diagnostic performance with area-under-the-curves (AUCs) of 0.925-0.966 is obtained through machine learning of SMFs. Further, a metabolic biomarker panel is constructed, exhibiting superior diagnostic sensitivity (72.2-79.4%, p < 0.05) as compared with clinical protein biomarker tests (4.3-22.9%). Notably, the biomarker panel afforded an AUC of 0.844 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.806-0.880) toward early ESCC diagnosis. This work highlighted the potential of metabolic analysis for accurate screening and early detection of ESCC and offered insights into the metabolic characterization of diseases including but not limited to ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yida Huang
- Anyang Tumor Hospital, Anyang Tumor Hospital affiliated to Henan University of Science and Technology, Henan Key Medical Laboratory of Precise Prevention and Treatment of Esophageal Cancer, Anyang, 455001, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, School of Biomedical Engineering, Institute of Medical Robotics and Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, P. R. China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gynecologic Oncology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, P. R. China
- Division of Cardiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, P. R. China
| | - Haijun Yang
- Anyang Tumor Hospital, Anyang Tumor Hospital affiliated to Henan University of Science and Technology, Henan Key Medical Laboratory of Precise Prevention and Treatment of Esophageal Cancer, Anyang, 455001, P. R. China
| | - Junkuo Li
- Anyang Tumor Hospital, Anyang Tumor Hospital affiliated to Henan University of Science and Technology, Henan Key Medical Laboratory of Precise Prevention and Treatment of Esophageal Cancer, Anyang, 455001, P. R. China
| | - Fuqiang Wang
- Anyang Tumor Hospital, Anyang Tumor Hospital affiliated to Henan University of Science and Technology, Henan Key Medical Laboratory of Precise Prevention and Treatment of Esophageal Cancer, Anyang, 455001, P. R. China
| | - Wanshan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, School of Biomedical Engineering, Institute of Medical Robotics and Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, P. R. China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gynecologic Oncology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, P. R. China
- Division of Cardiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, P. R. China
| | - Yiwen Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Henan Key Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471003, P. R. China
| | - Ruimin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, School of Biomedical Engineering, Institute of Medical Robotics and Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, P. R. China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gynecologic Oncology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, P. R. China
- Division of Cardiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, P. R. China
| | - Lijuan Duan
- Anyang Tumor Hospital, Anyang Tumor Hospital affiliated to Henan University of Science and Technology, Henan Key Medical Laboratory of Precise Prevention and Treatment of Esophageal Cancer, Anyang, 455001, P. R. China
| | - Jiao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, School of Biomedical Engineering, Institute of Medical Robotics and Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, P. R. China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gynecologic Oncology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, P. R. China
- Division of Cardiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, P. R. China
| | - Zhaowei Gao
- Anyang Tumor Hospital, Anyang Tumor Hospital affiliated to Henan University of Science and Technology, Henan Key Medical Laboratory of Precise Prevention and Treatment of Esophageal Cancer, Anyang, 455001, P. R. China
| | - Jing Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, School of Biomedical Engineering, Institute of Medical Robotics and Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, P. R. China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gynecologic Oncology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, P. R. China
- Division of Cardiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, P. R. China
| | - Fang Bian
- Anyang Tumor Hospital, Anyang Tumor Hospital affiliated to Henan University of Science and Technology, Henan Key Medical Laboratory of Precise Prevention and Treatment of Esophageal Cancer, Anyang, 455001, P. R. China
| | - Juxiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, School of Biomedical Engineering, Institute of Medical Robotics and Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, P. R. China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gynecologic Oncology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, P. R. China
- Division of Cardiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, P. R. China
| | - Fang Zhao
- Anyang Tumor Hospital, Anyang Tumor Hospital affiliated to Henan University of Science and Technology, Henan Key Medical Laboratory of Precise Prevention and Treatment of Esophageal Cancer, Anyang, 455001, P. R. China
| | - Shouzhi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, School of Biomedical Engineering, Institute of Medical Robotics and Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, P. R. China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gynecologic Oncology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, P. R. China
- Division of Cardiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, P. R. China
| | - Shasha Cao
- Anyang Tumor Hospital, Anyang Tumor Hospital affiliated to Henan University of Science and Technology, Henan Key Medical Laboratory of Precise Prevention and Treatment of Esophageal Cancer, Anyang, 455001, P. R. China
| | - Aihua Yang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Xueliang Wang
- Shanghai Center for Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Academy of Experimental Medicine, Shanghai, 200126, P. R. China
| | - Mingfei Geng
- Anyang Tumor Hospital, Anyang Tumor Hospital affiliated to Henan University of Science and Technology, Henan Key Medical Laboratory of Precise Prevention and Treatment of Esophageal Cancer, Anyang, 455001, P. R. China
| | - Anlin Hao
- Anyang Tumor Hospital, Anyang Tumor Hospital affiliated to Henan University of Science and Technology, Henan Key Medical Laboratory of Precise Prevention and Treatment of Esophageal Cancer, Anyang, 455001, P. R. China
| | - Jian Li
- Anyang Tumor Hospital, Anyang Tumor Hospital affiliated to Henan University of Science and Technology, Henan Key Medical Laboratory of Precise Prevention and Treatment of Esophageal Cancer, Anyang, 455001, P. R. China
| | - Jianwei Cao
- Anyang Tumor Hospital, Anyang Tumor Hospital affiliated to Henan University of Science and Technology, Henan Key Medical Laboratory of Precise Prevention and Treatment of Esophageal Cancer, Anyang, 455001, P. R. China
| | - Chaowei Li
- Anyang Tumor Hospital, Anyang Tumor Hospital affiliated to Henan University of Science and Technology, Henan Key Medical Laboratory of Precise Prevention and Treatment of Esophageal Cancer, Anyang, 455001, P. R. China
| | - Zheyuan Zhang
- Anyang Tumor Hospital, Anyang Tumor Hospital affiliated to Henan University of Science and Technology, Henan Key Medical Laboratory of Precise Prevention and Treatment of Esophageal Cancer, Anyang, 455001, P. R. China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Anyang Tumor Hospital, Anyang Tumor Hospital affiliated to Henan University of Science and Technology, Henan Key Medical Laboratory of Precise Prevention and Treatment of Esophageal Cancer, Anyang, 455001, P. R. China
| | - Yanlin Huang
- Anyang Tumor Hospital, Anyang Tumor Hospital affiliated to Henan University of Science and Technology, Henan Key Medical Laboratory of Precise Prevention and Treatment of Esophageal Cancer, Anyang, 455001, P. R. China
| | - Yaowen Zhang
- Anyang Tumor Hospital, Anyang Tumor Hospital affiliated to Henan University of Science and Technology, Henan Key Medical Laboratory of Precise Prevention and Treatment of Esophageal Cancer, Anyang, 455001, P. R. China
| | - Kun Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, School of Biomedical Engineering, Institute of Medical Robotics and Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, P. R. China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gynecologic Oncology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, P. R. China
- Division of Cardiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, P. R. China
| | - Fuyou Zhou
- Anyang Tumor Hospital, Anyang Tumor Hospital affiliated to Henan University of Science and Technology, Henan Key Medical Laboratory of Precise Prevention and Treatment of Esophageal Cancer, Anyang, 455001, P. R. China
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37
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Zhou X, Jia Y, Mao C, Liu S. Small extracellular vesicles: Non-negligible vesicles in tumor progression, diagnosis, and therapy. Cancer Lett 2024; 580:216481. [PMID: 37972701 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2023.216481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) such as exosomes are nanoscale membranous particles (<200 nm) that have emerged as crucial targets for liquid biopsy and as promising drug delivery vehicles. They play a significant role in tumor progression as intercellular messengers. They can serve as biomarkers for tumor diagnosis and as drug carriers for cancer treatment. This article reviews recent studies on sEVs in oncology and explores their potential as biomarkers and drug delivery vehicles. Following tumorigenesis, sEVs in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and circulatory system undergo modifications to regulate various events in the TME, including angiogenesis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and tumor immunity, with either pro- or anti-tumor effects. sEVs have been investigated for use as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for a variety of tumors, including lung cancer, melanoma, breast cancer, prostate cancer, and hepatocellular carcinoma. sEVs can be used for cancer therapy by packaging drugs or proteins into them through pre- and post-isolation modification techniques. The clinical trials of sEVs as biomarkers and drug carriers are also summarized. Finally, the challenges in the use of sEVs are described and the possible approaches to tackling them are suggested. Overall, sEVs will advance the precision cancer medicine and has shown great potential in clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinru Zhou
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, Changhai Hospital, Navy Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yin Jia
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, Changhai Hospital, Navy Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chuanbin Mao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China; School of Materials Science & Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Shanrong Liu
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, Changhai Hospital, Navy Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.
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38
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Wu J, Liu G, Jia R, Guo J. Salivary Extracellular Vesicles: Biomarkers and Beyond in Human Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17328. [PMID: 38139157 PMCID: PMC10743646 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles, as bioactive molecules, have been extensively studied. There are abundant studies in the literature on their biogenesis, secretion, structure, and content, and their roles in pathophysiological processes. Extracellular vesicles have been reviewed as biomarkers for use in diagnostic tools. Saliva contains many extracellular vesicles, and compared with other body fluids, it is easier to obtain in a non-invasive way, making its acquisition more easily accepted by patients. In recent years, there have been numerous new studies investigating the role of salivary extracellular vesicles as biomarkers. These studies have significant implications for future clinical diagnosis. Therefore, in this paper, we summarize and review the potential applications of salivary extracellular vesicles as biomarkers, and we also describe their other functions (e.g., hemostasis, innate immune defense) in both oral and non-oral diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; (J.W.); (G.L.); (R.J.)
| | - Gege Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; (J.W.); (G.L.); (R.J.)
| | - Rong Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; (J.W.); (G.L.); (R.J.)
| | - Jihua Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; (J.W.); (G.L.); (R.J.)
- Department of Endodontics, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
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Hou Y, Wen X, Zhou L, Fang X. The value of platelet-rich plasma-derived extracellular vesicles in modern medicine. Ann Med 2023; 55:2287705. [PMID: 38065677 PMCID: PMC10880568 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2023.2287705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has been widely used in clinical practice. The mechanism by which PRP promotes tissue repair lies in the release of multiple growth factors upon platelet activation, which accelerates the proliferation and differentiation of repair cells and the synthesis of extracellular matrix. In recent years, as extracellular vesicles (EVs) research has increased and intensified, it has been found that EVs also play an important role in tissue repair. This article provides a comprehensive review of the role of PRP and PRP-derived extracellular vesicles (PRP-EVs) in tissue repair. It discusses the biological characteristics, extraction, identification, activation, and preservation of PRP-EVs. It also reviews their applications in orthopedics and wound repair. The article highlights the importance of PRP-EVs in modern medicine and suggests that they could be a promising natural nanocarrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Hou
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyun Wen
- Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Liang Zhou
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Xiansong Fang
- Blood Transfusion Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
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40
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Ning XY, Ma JH, He W, Ma JT. Role of exosomes in metastasis and therapeutic resistance in esophageal cancer. World J Gastroenterol 2023; 29:5699-5715. [PMID: 38075847 PMCID: PMC10701334 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v29.i42.5699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Esophageal cancer (EC) has a high incidence and mortality rate and is emerging as one of the most common health problems globally. Owing to the lack of sensitive detection methods, uncontrollable rapid metastasis, and pervasive treatment resistance, EC is often diagnosed in advanced stages and is susceptible to local recurrence. Exosomes are important components of intercellular communication and the exosome-mediated crosstalk between the cancer and surrounding cells within the tumor microenvironment plays a crucial role in the metastasis, progression, and therapeutic resistance of EC. Considering the critical role of exosomes in tumor pathogenesis, this review focused on elucidating the impact of exosomes on EC metastasis and therapeutic resistance. Here, we summarized the relevant signaling pathways involved in these processes. In addition, we discussed the potential clinical applications of exosomes for the early diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of EC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing-Yu Ning
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui Province, China
| | - Jin-Hu Ma
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui Province, China
| | - Wei He
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui Province, China
| | - Jun-Ting Ma
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui Province, China
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41
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Shuai Y, Ma Z, Ju J, Wei T, Gao S, Kang Y, Yang Z, Wang X, Yue J, Yuan P. Liquid-based biomarkers in breast cancer: looking beyond the blood. J Transl Med 2023; 21:809. [PMID: 37957623 PMCID: PMC10644618 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04660-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent decades, using circulating tumor cell (CTC), circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), circulating tumor RNA (ctRNA), exosomes and etc. as liquid biomarkers has received enormous attention in various tumors, including breast cancer (BC). To date, efforts in the area of liquid biopsy predominantly focus on the analysis of blood-based markers. It is worth noting that the identifications of markers from non-blood sources provide unique advantages beyond the blood and these alternative sources may be of great significance in offering supplementary information in certain settings. Here, we outline the latest advances in the analysis of non-blood biomarkers, predominantly including urine, saliva, cerebrospinal fluid, pleural fluid, stool and etc. The unique advantages of such testings, their current limitations and the appropriate use of non-blood assays and blood assays in different settings are further discussed. Finally, we propose to highlight the challenges of these alternative assays from basic to clinical implementation and explore the areas where more investigations are warranted to elucidate its potential utility.
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Affiliation(s)
- You Shuai
- Department of VIP Medical Services, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Zhonghua Ma
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Endoscopy, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Jie Ju
- Department of VIP Medical Services, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Tong Wei
- Department of VIP Medical Services, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Songlin Gao
- Department of VIP Medical Services, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Yikun Kang
- Department of VIP Medical Services, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Zixuan Yang
- Department of VIP Medical Services, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Xue Wang
- Department of VIP Medical Services, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Jian Yue
- Department of VIP Medical Services, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Peng Yuan
- Department of VIP Medical Services, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China.
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Liu M, Yu X, Bu J, Xiao Q, Ma S, Chen N, Qu C. Comparative analyses of salivary exosomal miRNAs for patients with or without lung cancer. Front Genet 2023; 14:1249678. [PMID: 38028609 PMCID: PMC10657645 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1249678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Lung cancer is the most frequent cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Exosomes are involved in different types of cancer, including lung cancer. Methods: We collected saliva from patients with (LC) or without (NC) lung cancer and successfully isolated salivary exosomes by ultracentrifugation. MiRNA sequencing was implemented for the exosome samples from NC and LC groups, dgeR was used to determine differentially expressed miRNAs (DE miRNAs), and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was used to verify three differentially expressed microRNAs (miRNAs). Results: A total of 372 miRNAs were identified based on the sequencing results. Subsequently, 15 DE miRNAs were identified in LC vs. NC, including eight upregulated miRNAs and seven downregulated miRNAs. Some DE miRNAs were validated via qPCR. A total of 488 putative target genes of the upregulated DE miRNAs were found, and the functional analyses indicated that numerous target genes were enriched in the pathways associated with cancer. Discussion: This suggests that miRNAs of salivary exosomes might have the potential to be used as biomarkers for prediction and diagnosis of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Changfa Qu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
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43
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Men X, Zhu W. Silencing of Perilipin 3 Inhibits Lung Adenocarcinoma Cell Immune Resistance by Regulating the Transcription of PD-L1 Through c-Myc. Immunol Invest 2023; 52:815-831. [PMID: 37578465 DOI: 10.1080/08820139.2023.2244976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Perilipin 3 (PLIN3), a lipid droplet-associated protein, is found to be highly expressed in human cancers. This study aimed to investigate the biological functions and underlying mechanism of PLIN3 in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). METHODS To analyse PLIN3 expression in normal and cancerous tissues, relevance between PLIN3 expression and survival prognosis, and to predict the pathways related to PLIN3, bioinformatic analysis was performed. In A549 and H1299 cells, qRT-PCR or western blotting was used to determine mRNA/protein expression of PLIN3, PD-L1, and c-Myc. In A549 and H1299 cells, CCK-8 assay, EdU, and flow cytometry were used to assess cell viability, proliferation, and apoptosis. Chip and luciferase reporter assays were performed to verify the binding of PD-L1 with c-Myc. The functions of PLIN3 were examined in vivo in a xenograft tumor model. RESULTS In LUAD tissues and cells, PLIN3 expression was downregulated. A shorter survival time was observed in patients with high PLIN3 expression than in patients with low PLIN3 expression. Silencing of PLIN3 inhibited cell proliferation, PD-L1 expression, and Myc pathway, as well as induced apoptosis in LUAD cells. c-Myc acts as a transcription factor of PD-L1. Moreover, the inhibitory actions of PLIN3 silencing on c-Myc and PD-L1 expression as well as cell proliferation and stimulatory action of PLIN3 silencing on cell apoptosis were reversed by c-Myc overexpression. In vivo, PLIN3 silencing inhibited the growth of xenograft tumour and reduced PLIN3, PD-L1, and c-Myc protein expression. CONCLUSION Silencing of PLIN3 inhibited tumour growth by regulating the Myc/PD-L1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuelin Men
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care II, The Fourth People's Hospital of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Wei Zhu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care II, The Fourth People's Hospital of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
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Du J, Huang T, Zheng Z, Fang S, Deng H, Liu K. Biological function and clinical application prospect of tsRNAs in digestive system biology and pathology. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:302. [PMID: 37904174 PMCID: PMC10614346 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01341-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023] Open
Abstract
tsRNAs are small non-coding RNAs originating from tRNA that play important roles in a variety of physiological activities such as RNA silencing, ribosome biogenesis, retrotransposition, and epigenetic inheritance, as well as involvement in cellular differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis. tsRNA-related abnormalities have a significant influence on the onset, development, and progression of numerous human diseases, including malignant tumors through affecting the cell cycle and specific signaling molecules. This review introduced origins together with tsRNAs classification, providing a summary for regulatory mechanism and physiological function while dysfunctional effect of tsRNAs in digestive system diseases, focusing on the clinical prospects of tsRNAs for diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Du
- Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tianyi Huang
- Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhen Zheng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shuai Fang
- The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hongxia Deng
- The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Kaitai Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China.
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45
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Lan B, Dong X, Yang Q, Luo Y, Wen H, Chen Z, Chen H. Exosomal MicroRNAs: An Emerging Important Regulator in Acute Lung Injury. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:35523-35537. [PMID: 37810708 PMCID: PMC10551937 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c04955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) is a clinically life-threatening form of respiratory failure with a mortality of 30%-40%. Acute respiratory distress syndrome is the aggravated form of ALI. Exosomes are extracellular lipid vesicles ubiquitous in human biofluids with a diameter of 30-150 nm. They can serve as carriers to convey their internal cargo, particularly microRNA (miRNA), to the target cells involved in cellular communication. In disease states, the quantities of exosomes and the cargo generated by cells are altered. These exosomes subsequently function as autocrine or paracrine signals to nearby or distant cells, regulating various pathogenic processes. Moreover, exosomal miRNAs from multiple stem cells can provide therapeutic value for ALI by regulating different signaling pathways. In addition, changes in exosomal miRNAs of biofluids can serve as biomarkers for the early diagnosis of ALI. This study aimed to review the role of exosomal miRNAs produced by different sources participating in various pathological processes of ALI and explore their potential significance in the treatment and diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Lan
- Department
of General Surgery, The First Affiliated
Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116000, China
- Laboratory
of Integrative Medicine, The First Affiliated
Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116000, China
| | - Xuanchi Dong
- Department
of General Surgery, The First Affiliated
Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116000, China
- Laboratory
of Integrative Medicine, The First Affiliated
Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116000, China
| | - Qi Yang
- Department
of General Surgery, The First Affiliated
Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116000, China
- Laboratory
of Integrative Medicine, The First Affiliated
Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116000, China
- Department
of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Second
Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Yalan Luo
- Department
of General Surgery, The First Affiliated
Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116000, China
- Laboratory
of Integrative Medicine, The First Affiliated
Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116000, China
- Institute
(College) of Integrative Medicine, Dalian
Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Haiyun Wen
- Department
of General Surgery, The First Affiliated
Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116000, China
- Laboratory
of Integrative Medicine, The First Affiliated
Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116000, China
- Institute
(College) of Integrative Medicine, Dalian
Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Zhe Chen
- Department
of General Surgery, The First Affiliated
Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116000, China
- Laboratory
of Integrative Medicine, The First Affiliated
Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116000, China
| | - Hailong Chen
- Department
of General Surgery, The First Affiliated
Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116000, China
- Laboratory
of Integrative Medicine, The First Affiliated
Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116000, China
- Institute
(College) of Integrative Medicine, Dalian
Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
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Gao Y, Wang L, Li Z. New insights into non-invasive screening of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. MEDICAL REVIEW (2021) 2023; 3:366-368. [PMID: 38283252 PMCID: PMC10811350 DOI: 10.1515/mr-2023-0045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Ye Gao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease, Shanghai, China
| | - Luowei Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhaoshen Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease, Shanghai, China
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He X, Wang H, Wang R, Li Y, Li S, Cao X, Xu J. HOXC10 promotes esophageal squamous cell carcinoma progression by targeting FOXA3 and indicates poor survival outcome. Heliyon 2023; 9:e21056. [PMID: 37876483 PMCID: PMC10590975 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Esophageal cancer is one of the most unknown and deadliest cancers in the world. Although recent studies have identified some mutations linked to the development of squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus (ESCC), the specific role of HomeoboxC10 (HOXC10) in the pathogenesis still requires further investigation. Methods Agilent mRNA single-channel gene expression was employed to identify genome-wide gene signatures in ESCC. These signatures were also verified using qRT-PCR, immunohistochemical staining as well as Western blot. The biological functions of HOXC10 were further investigated through cellular studies conducted on ESCC cells. Survival analysis was conducted utilizing the Kaplan-Meier method. The GEPIA database and the STRING website were utilized to predict the potential targets that bind to HOXC10. Co-immunoprecipitation assays were performed to investigate the binding interaction between HOXC10 and Forkhead Box A3 (FOXA3). Animal models were established to analyze the effects of HOXC10 silencing on tumorigenesis in vivo. Results The expression levels of HOXC10 mRNA were found to be upregulated in ESCC. Survival analysis revealed a significant association between abnormally elevated levels of HOXC10 mRNA and an unfavorable prognosis in patients with ESCC. In vitro studies revealed that the knockdown of HOXC10 expression resulted in the inhibition of the proliferation, invasion, and migrating ability of ESCC cells through the upregulation of FOXA3. Furthermore, tumor-bearing mouse models studies demonstrated that HOXC10 through knockdown techniques significantly suppressed ESCC tumor growth. HOXC10 was found to enhance the activation of the MAPK signaling pathway by regulating FOXA3 in ESCC cells. Conclusion These results support a key role for HOXC10 in the tumorigenesis of ESCC by upregulating FOXA3 via the MAPK pathway and highlight its potential as a promising diagnostic and prognostic marker for ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoting He
- Oncology Department, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214023, China
| | - Huiyu Wang
- Oncology Department, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214023, China
| | - Runjie Wang
- Oncology Department, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214023, China
| | - Yuting Li
- Oncology Department, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214023, China
| | - Suqing Li
- General Surgery Department, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210012, China
| | - Xiufeng Cao
- General Surgery Department, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210012, China
| | - Junying Xu
- Oncology Department, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214023, China
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Li K, Lin Y, Zhou Y, Xiong X, Wang L, Li J, Zhou F, Guo Y, Chen S, Chen Y, Tang H, Qiu X, Cai S, Zhang D, Bremer E, Jim Yeung SC, Zhang H. Salivary Extracellular MicroRNAs for Early Detection and Prognostication of Esophageal Cancer: A Clinical Study. Gastroenterology 2023; 165:932-945.e9. [PMID: 37399999 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2023.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Early detection of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) will facilitate curative treatment. We aimed to establish a microRNA (miRNA) signature derived from salivary extracellular vesicles and particles (EVPs) for early ESCC detection and prognostication. METHODS Salivary EVP miRNA expression was profiled in a pilot cohort (n = 54) using microarray. Area under the receiver operator characteristic curve (AUROC) and least absolute shrinkage and selector operation regression analyses were used to prioritize miRNAs that discriminated patients with ESCC from controls. Using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, the candidates were measured in a discovery cohort (n = 72) and cell lines. The prediction models for the biomarkers were derived from a training cohort (n = 342) and validated in an internal cohort (n = 207) and an external cohort (n = 226). RESULTS The microarray analysis identified 7 miRNAs for distinguishing patients with ESCC from control subjects. Because 1 was not always detectable in the discovery cohort and cell lines, the other 6 miRNAs formed a panel. A signature of this panel accurately identified patients with all-stage ESCC in the training cohort (AUROC = 0.968) and was successfully validated in 2 independent cohorts. Importantly, this signature could distinguish patients with early-stage (stage Ⅰ/Ⅱ) ESCC from control subjects in the training cohort (AUROC = 0.969, sensitivity = 92.00%, specificity = 89.17%) and internal (sensitivity = 90.32%, specificity = 91.04%) and external (sensitivity = 91.07%, specificity = 88.06%) validation cohorts. Moreover, a prognostic signature based on the panel was established and efficiently predicted the high-risk cases with poor progression-free survival and overall survival. CONCLUSIONS The salivary EVP-based 6-miRNA signature can serve as noninvasive biomarkers for early detection and risk stratification of ESCC. Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, ChiCTR2000031507.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Li
- Department of Urology, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Faculty of Medical Science and Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Postdoctoral Research Station, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Institute of Precision Cancer Medicine and Pathology, Jinan University Medical College, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yusheng Lin
- Institute of Precision Cancer Medicine and Pathology, Jinan University Medical College, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Department of Hematology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Graduate School, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yu Zhou
- Institute of Precision Cancer Medicine and Pathology, Jinan University Medical College, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiao Xiong
- Department of Urology, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Faculty of Medical Science and Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Postdoctoral Research Station, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Institute of Precision Cancer Medicine and Pathology, Jinan University Medical College, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Junkuo Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Anyang Tumor Hospital, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Anyang, Henan, China
| | - Fuyou Zhou
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Anyang Tumor Hospital, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Anyang, Henan, China
| | - Yi Guo
- Endoscopy Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shaobin Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuping Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hui Tang
- Department of Central Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China; Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University (Heyuan Shenhe People's Hospital), Heyuan, China
| | - Xiaofu Qiu
- Department of Urology, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Songwang Cai
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dianzheng Zhang
- Department of Bio-Medical Sciences, Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Edwin Bremer
- Department of Hematology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Sai-Ching Jim Yeung
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Urology, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China; Institute of Precision Cancer Medicine and Pathology, School of Medicine, Minister of Education Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.
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Chen Q, Shen L, Liao T, Qiu Y, Lei Y, Wang X, Chen L, Zhao Y, Niu L, Wang Y, Zhang S, Zhu L, Gan M. A Novel tRNA-Derived Fragment, tRF GlnCTG, Regulates Angiogenesis by Targeting Antxr1 mRNA. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14552. [PMID: 37833999 PMCID: PMC10572189 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
As a novel non-coding RNA with important functions corresponding to various cellular stresses, the function of tRFs in angiogenesis remains unclear. Firstly, small RNA sequencing was performed on normal and post-muscle injury mouse tibialis anterior muscle to identify and analyse differentially expressed tRF/tiRNA. tRNA GlnCTG-derived fragments (tRFGlnCTG) were found to be overexpressed in high abundance in the damaged muscle. Subsequent in vitro experiments revealed that the overexpression of tRFGlnCTG suppressed the vascular endothelial cells' viability, cell cycle G1/S transition, proliferation, migration, and tube-formation capacity. Similarly, in vivo experiments showed that the tRFGlnCTG decreased the relative mRNA levels of vascular endothelial cell markers and pro-angiogenic factors and reduced the proportion of CD31-positive cells. Finally, luciferase activity analysis confirmed that the tRFGlnCTG directly targeted the 3'UTR of Antxr1, leading to a significant reduction in the mRNA expression of the target gene. These results suggest that tRFGlnCTG is a key regulator of vascular endothelial cell function. The results provide a new idea for further exploration of the molecular mechanisms that regulate angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuyang Chen
- Farm Animal Genetic Resource Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Q.C.); (L.S.); (T.L.); (Y.Q.); (Y.L.); (X.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Linyuan Shen
- Farm Animal Genetic Resource Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Q.C.); (L.S.); (T.L.); (Y.Q.); (Y.L.); (X.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Tianci Liao
- Farm Animal Genetic Resource Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Q.C.); (L.S.); (T.L.); (Y.Q.); (Y.L.); (X.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yanhao Qiu
- Farm Animal Genetic Resource Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Q.C.); (L.S.); (T.L.); (Y.Q.); (Y.L.); (X.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yuhang Lei
- Farm Animal Genetic Resource Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Q.C.); (L.S.); (T.L.); (Y.Q.); (Y.L.); (X.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Xingyu Wang
- Farm Animal Genetic Resource Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Q.C.); (L.S.); (T.L.); (Y.Q.); (Y.L.); (X.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Farm Animal Genetic Resource Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Q.C.); (L.S.); (T.L.); (Y.Q.); (Y.L.); (X.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Ye Zhao
- Farm Animal Genetic Resource Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Q.C.); (L.S.); (T.L.); (Y.Q.); (Y.L.); (X.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Lili Niu
- Farm Animal Genetic Resource Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Q.C.); (L.S.); (T.L.); (Y.Q.); (Y.L.); (X.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Farm Animal Genetic Resource Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Q.C.); (L.S.); (T.L.); (Y.Q.); (Y.L.); (X.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Shunhua Zhang
- Farm Animal Genetic Resource Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Q.C.); (L.S.); (T.L.); (Y.Q.); (Y.L.); (X.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Li Zhu
- Farm Animal Genetic Resource Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Q.C.); (L.S.); (T.L.); (Y.Q.); (Y.L.); (X.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Mailin Gan
- Farm Animal Genetic Resource Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Q.C.); (L.S.); (T.L.); (Y.Q.); (Y.L.); (X.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
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Liu J, Zhou W, Luo X, Chen Y, Wong C, Liu Z, Bo Zheng J, Yu Mo H, Chen J, Li J, Zhong M, Xu Y, Zhang Q, Pu H, Wu Q, Jin Y, Wang Z, Xu R, Luo H. Long noncoding RNA Regulating ImMune Escape regulates mixed lineage leukaemia protein-1-H3K4me3-mediated immune escape in oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Clin Transl Med 2023; 13:e1410. [PMID: 37712124 PMCID: PMC10502462 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.1410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Predictive biomarkers for oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) immunotherapy are lacking, and immunotherapy resistance remains to be addressed. The role of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) in ESCC immune escape and immunotherapy resistance remains to be elucidated. METHODS The tumour-associated macrophage-upregulated lncRNAs and the exosomal lncRNAs highly expressed in ESCC immunotherapy nonresponders were identified by lncRNA sequencing and polymerase chain reaction assays. CRISPR-Cas9 was used to explore the functional roles of the lncRNA. RNA pull-down, MS2-tagged RNA affinity purification (MS2-TRAP) and RNA-binding protein immunoprecipitation (RIP) were performed to identify lncRNA-associated proteins and related mechanisms. In vivo, the humanized PBMC (hu-PBMC) mouse model was established to assess the therapeutic responses of specific lncRNA inhibitors and their combination with programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) monoclonal antibody (mAb). Single-cell sequencing, flow cytometry, and multiplex fluorescent immunohistochemistry were used to analyze immune cells infiltrating the tumour microenvironment. RESULTS We identified a lncRNA that is involved in tumour immune evasion and immunotherapy resistance. High LINC02096 (RIME) expression in plasma exosomes correlates with a reduced response to PD-1 mAb treatment and poor prognosis. Mechanistically, RIME binds to mixed lineage leukaemia protein-1 (MLL1) and prevents ankyrin repeat and SOCS box containing 2 (ASB2)-mediated MLL1 ubiquitination, improving the stability of MLL1. RIME-MLL1 increases H3K4me3 levels in the promoter regions of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) and indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO-1), constitutively increasing the expression of PD-L1/IDO-1 in tumour cells and inhibiting CD8+ T cells infiltration and activation. RIME depletion in huPBMC-NOG mice significantly represses tumour development and improves the effectiveness of PD-1 mAb treatment by activating T-cell-mediated antitumour immunity. CONCLUSIONS This study reveals that the RIME-MLL1-H3K4me3 axis plays a critical role in tumour immunosuppression. Moreover, RIME appears to be a potential prognostic biomarker for immunotherapy and developing drugs that target RIME may be a new therapeutic strategy that overcomes immunotherapy resistance and benefits patients with ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Liu
- Department of Medical OncologySun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterState Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouP. R. China
| | - Wei‐Yi Zhou
- Department of Medical OncologySun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterState Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouP. R. China
| | - Xiao‐Jing Luo
- Department of Medical OncologySun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterState Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouP. R. China
| | - Yan‐Xing Chen
- Department of Medical OncologySun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterState Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouP. R. China
| | - Chau‐Wei Wong
- Department of Medical OncologySun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterState Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouP. R. China
| | - Ze‐Xian Liu
- Department of Medical OncologySun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterState Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouP. R. China
| | - Jia‐ Bo Zheng
- Department of Medical OncologySun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterState Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouP. R. China
| | - Hai‐ Yu Mo
- Department of Medical OncologySun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterState Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouP. R. China
| | - Jun‐Quan Chen
- Department of Medical OncologySun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterState Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouP. R. China
| | - Jia‐Jun Li
- Department of Medical OncologySun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterState Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouP. R. China
| | - Ming Zhong
- Department of Medical OncologySun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterState Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouP. R. China
| | - Yu‐Hong Xu
- Department of Medical OncologySun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterState Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouP. R. China
| | - Qi‐Hua Zhang
- Department of Medical OncologySun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterState Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouP. R. China
| | - Heng‐Ying Pu
- Department of Medical OncologySun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterState Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouP. R. China
| | - Qi‐Nian Wu
- Department of Medical OncologySun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterState Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouP. R. China
| | - Ying Jin
- Department of Medical OncologySun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterState Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouP. R. China
| | - Zi‐Xian Wang
- Department of Medical OncologySun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterState Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouP. R. China
| | - Rui‐Hua Xu
- Department of Medical OncologySun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterState Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouP. R. China
- Research Unit of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Gastrointestinal CancerChinese Academy of Medical SciencesGuangzhouP. R. China
| | - Hui‐Yan Luo
- Department of Medical OncologySun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterState Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouP. R. China
- Research Unit of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Gastrointestinal CancerChinese Academy of Medical SciencesGuangzhouP. R. China
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