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Bellamy EL, Hadjiefthyvoulou F, Walsh J, Brown J, Turner J. Understanding the experiences of ketogenic metabolic therapy for people living with varying levels of depressive symptoms: a thematic analysis. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1397546. [PMID: 38903620 PMCID: PMC11188922 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1397546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Evidence suggests that a ketogenic diet (KD) may help to alleviate psychiatric symptoms, including depression and anxiety. Positive changes have been reported such as improvements in cognition, concentration, and sleep, a reduction in hunger, and an increase in well-being, energy, confidence, and resilience. This research aims to understand the impact of a non-calorie-restricted KD on depression and aspects of psychological well-being in those with varying degrees of depressive symptoms. Though there are a few studies directly exploring the experiences of those following a KD, this will be the first study to explore the narrative from a mental health and psychological well-being viewpoint. Method A sample of nine participants who had followed a non-calorie restricted KD intervention of 50 g of carbohydrates or less per day for at least 12 weeks were recruited. Participants were split into 'healthy adults' group who had no to low depressive symptoms and 'depressive symptoms' group who had mild to moderate depressive symptoms. A reflexive thematic analysis was considered suitable for this study. Findings Five core themes and 24 subthemes were created. These were, (1) Poor health prior to program; (2) Hunger and cravings-the food and mood connection; (3) Psychological well-being improvements; (4) It becomes a lifestyle; and (5) Implementation difficulties. Participants experienced mental health improvements such as increased self-esteem, confidence, motivation, and achievement. Some experienced more control in life and a greater sense of reward. Those with depressive symptoms who initially reported low self-worth and hopelessness later reported increased self-esteem and renewed meaning and purpose in life. The findings from this study reflect the previous reports that the diet implementation can be difficult initially, but soon becomes easy to follow and turns into a lifestyle. Conclusion In the literature, there are very few qualitative studies that explore the accounts and lived experiences of those following a KD. From the participants' accounts in this study, it appears that the benefits and positive outcomes of this diet outweigh any negative side-effects experienced. This is encouraging for those who are looking for adjunctive therapies to address and improve their depressive symptoms and overall mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin L. Bellamy
- School of Psychology, University of East London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - James Walsh
- School of Psychology, University of East London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jennie Brown
- School of Health Sciences, City, University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - John Turner
- School of Psychology, University of East London, London, United Kingdom
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Stone RA, Brown A, Douglas F, Green MA, Hunter E, Lonnie M, Johnstone AM, Hardman CA. The impact of the cost of living crisis and food insecurity on food purchasing behaviours and food preparation practices in people living with obesity. Appetite 2024; 196:107255. [PMID: 38367913 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2024.107255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
Lower income households are at greater risk of food insecurity and poor diet quality than higher income households. In high-income countries, food insecurity is associated with high levels of obesity, and in the UK specifically, the cost of living crisis (i.e., where the cost of everyday essentials has increased quicker than wages) is likely to have exacerbated existing dietary inequalities. There is currently a lack of understanding of the impact of the current UK cost of living crisis on food purchasing and food preparation practices of people living with obesity (PLWO) and food insecurity, however this knowledge is critical in order to develop effective prevention and treatment approaches to reducing dietary inequalities. Using an online survey (N = 583) of adults residing in England or Scotland with a body mass index (BMI) of ≥30 kg/m2, participants self-reported on food insecurity, diet quality, perceived impact of the cost of living crisis, and their responses to this in terms of food purchasing behaviours and food preparation practices. Regression analyses found that participants adversely impacted by the cost of living crisis reported experiencing food insecurity. Additionally, food insecurity was associated with use of specific purchasing behaviours (i.e., use of budgeting, use of supermarket offers) and food preparation practices (i.e., use of energy-saving appliances, use of resourcefulness). Exploratory analyses indicated that participants adversely impacted by the cost of living crisis and who used budgeting had low diet quality, whereas use of meal planning was associated with high diet quality. These findings highlight the fragility of food budgets and the coping strategies used by PLWO and food insecurity during the cost of living crisis. Policy measures and interventions are urgently needed that address the underlying economic factors contributing to food insecurity, to improve access to and affordability of healthier foods for all.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca A Stone
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Population Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZA, UK.
| | - Adrian Brown
- Department of Medicine, Centre for Obesity Research, University College London, London, WC1E 6JF, UK.
| | - Flora Douglas
- School of Nursing, Midwifery & Paramedic Practice, Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen, AB10 7QE, UK.
| | - Mark A Green
- Department of Geography & Planning, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZT, UK.
| | - Emma Hunter
- School of Nursing, Midwifery & Paramedic Practice, Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen, AB10 7QE, UK.
| | - Marta Lonnie
- The Rowett Institute, School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, UK.
| | - Alexandra M Johnstone
- The Rowett Institute, School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, UK.
| | - Charlotte A Hardman
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Population Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZA, UK.
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3
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Ramirez A, Fox K, Melo Herrera Y, Gans KM, Risica PM, McCurdy K, Jennings E, Tovar A. Goals, Barriers, and Facilitators of Caregivers Who Participated in an In-Home Intervention to Improve Food Parenting Practices and Child Diet Quality. JOURNAL OF NUTRITION EDUCATION AND BEHAVIOR 2024:S1499-4046(24)00075-7. [PMID: 38691079 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneb.2024.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the goals, barriers, and facilitators set by caregivers of preschool-aged children to improve food parenting practices and household food environments. DESIGN Secondary qualitative analysis of collaborative goal sheets completed during in-home and telephone visits as part of a home-based pilot intervention. PARTICIPANTS Thirty-three Hispanic/Latinx caregivers, predominantly of low income. PHENOMENON OF INTEREST Patterns in goal content and anticipated barriers and facilitators. ANALYSIS Thematic analysis of goal sheets with a mixed inductive-deductive approach. RESULTS Almost half of the goals were to support a healthy environment (40.7%) by increasing the availability of healthy foods through food shopping and meal planning. Other goals were to increase structure (33.7%) by establishing food-related routines and decreasing distractions. Goals related to autonomy support (25.4%) included involving their children (eg, cooking together). Caregivers' perceived barriers encompass individual (eg, stress, lack of time), interpersonal (eg, other family members' eating behaviors), and environmental-level (eg, food availability) factors. Caregivers only identified facilitators at the individual and interpersonal levels (eg, motivation). CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Understanding goals, barriers, and facilitators can be used to tailor key messages to improve food parenting practices and children's diets. Future interventions can target broader environmental barriers while increasing awareness of individual, interpersonal, and environmental-level facilitators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Ramirez
- Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown School of Public Health, Providence, RI.
| | - Katelyn Fox
- Weight Control and Diabetes Research Center, The Miriam Hospital & Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI
| | | | - Kim M Gans
- Human Development and Family Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT
| | | | - Karen McCurdy
- Department of Human Development and Family Science, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI
| | - Ernestine Jennings
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, The Miriam Hospital & Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI
| | - Alison Tovar
- Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown School of Public Health, Providence, RI
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Nam SJ, Suk J. Influence of health food literacy on willingness to pay for healthier foods: focus on food insecurity. Int J Equity Health 2024; 23:80. [PMID: 38649971 PMCID: PMC11036708 DOI: 10.1186/s12939-024-02135-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The repercussions of food insecurity are widely recognized to negatively impact overall health and are influenced by a complex interplay of physiological, psychological, social, and environmental factors. METHODS This study examined the disparities in food consumption and literacy between among food security households and food insecurity households using data from the Korea Rural Economic Institute's 2022 Consumer Behavior Survey for Food, which involved 3,321 respondents. RESULTS Food security households had a greater understanding of and better attitude toward healthier food choices than food insecurity households. Economic ability was identified as having the most significant association with food purchasing behavior, with food security households spending more on average than food insecurity households. Structural equation modeling demonstrated the association of knowledge and attitude with dietary implementation and underscored the significance of consumer literacy as a factor related to willingness to pay for healthier foods. CONCLUSIONS This study underscores the intertwined relationships among financial capacity, knowledge, and health-conscious dietary choices. It also suggests the need for targeted interventions addressing economic and educational gaps to foster healthier food consumption patterns across different socioeconomic contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Jung Nam
- Department of Consumer Sciences, Convergence Program for Social Innovation, College of Social Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaehye Suk
- Convergence Program for Social Innovation, College of Social Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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5
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Gatzemeier J, Wilkinson LL, Price MJ, Lee MD. Self-identified strategies to manage intake of tempting foods: cross-sectional and prospective associations with BMI and snack intake. Public Health Nutr 2024; 27:e107. [PMID: 38504524 PMCID: PMC11036431 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980024000697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Individuals often use self-directed strategies to manage intake of tempting foods, but what these strategies are and whether they are effective is not well understood. This study assessed the frequency of use and subjective effectiveness of self-directed strategies in relation to BMI and snack intake. DESIGN A cross-sectional and prospective study with three time points (T1: baseline, T2: 3 months and T3: 3 years). At T1, demographics, frequency of use and subjective effectiveness of forty-one identified strategies were assessed. At T2 and T3, current weight was reported, and at T2 frequency of snack intake was also recorded. SETTING Online study in the UK. PARTICIPANTS Data from 368 participants (Mage = 34·41 years; MBMI = 25·06 kg/m2) were used for analysis at T1, n = 170 (46·20 % of the total sample) at T2 and n = 51 (13·59 %) at T3. RESULTS Two strategy factors were identified via principal axis factoring: (1) diet, exercise, reduction of temptations, and cognitive strategies, and (2) planning, preparation and eating style. For strategy 1, frequency of use, but not subjective effectiveness, was positively related to BMI at T1. Subjective effectiveness predicted an increase in BMI from T1 and T2 to T3. No relationship to snack intake was found. For strategy 2, frequency of use was negatively related to BMI at T1. Neither frequency of use nor subjective effectiveness were related to changes in BMI over time, but subjective effectiveness was negatively correlated with unhealthy snack intake. CONCLUSION Self-directed strategies to reduce the intake of tempting foods are not consistently related to BMI or snack intake.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Menna J Price
- School of Psychology, Swansea University,
SA2 8PPSwansea, UK
| | - Michelle D Lee
- School of Psychology, Swansea University,
SA2 8PPSwansea, UK
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Sekyi E, Agyapong NAF, Eshun G. Food consumption by NOVA food classification, metabolic outcomes, and barriers to healthy food consumption among university students. Food Sci Nutr 2024; 12:1983-1994. [PMID: 38455168 PMCID: PMC10916562 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The NOVA food classification system is a simple tool that can be used to assess the consumption levels of different categories of foods based on their level of processing. The degree to which food is processed has a significant impact on health outcomes. In Ghana, no study exists on the consumption of the different NOVA food groups among tertiary students and how it relates to their metabolic outcomes. This study assessed the frequency of food intake according to the NOVA classification and how they relate to body mass index, waist circumference, and blood pressure. The barriers to the consumption of healthy foods among students were also assessed. This was a cross-sectional study conducted among 352 students of the Takoradi Technical University. Questionnaire was used to obtain sociodemographic information as well as data on perceived barriers to healthy food consumption. Food frequency questionnaire was used to obtain data on dietary intake. The weight, height, waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, and blood pressure of all participants were measured. Chi-square was used to compare categorical variables between males and females and to determine the association between the frequency of food intake according to the NOVA classification and metabolic indicators. The prevalence of overweight and obesity was 23.8%. More than half (51.1%) of the students had elevated blood pressure. The majority of study participants (54.2%) had a high frequency of consumption of both unprocessed and ultra-processed foods. Male students who frequently consumed ultra-processed foods (1-6 times/day) had significantly high blood pressure. High consumption of both ultra-processed and unprocessed foods was also associated with elevated blood pressure among male students. Limited time to prepare healthy meals and the high cost of unprocessed foods were among barriers to which most students strongly agreed to. Establishment of canteens that provide affordable healthy foods, teaching students time management, and nutrition education can mitigate barriers to healthy food consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Sekyi
- Department of Hospitality ManagementTakoradi Technical UniversityTakoradiGhana
- Department of Food and Nutrition Education, Faculty of Home Economics EducationUniversity of EducationWinnebaGhana
| | - Nana Ama Frimpomaa Agyapong
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health and Allied SciencesUniversity of Cape CoastCape CoastGhana
| | - Guy Eshun
- Department of Food and Nutrition Education, Faculty of Home Economics EducationUniversity of EducationWinnebaGhana
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Zhu Y, Mierau JO, Riphagen IJ, Heiner-Fokkema MR, Dekker LH, Navis GJ, Bakker SJL. Types of fish consumption differ across socioeconomic strata and impact differently on plasma fish-based omega-3 fatty acids: a cross-sectional study. Eur J Nutr 2024; 63:435-443. [PMID: 37985508 PMCID: PMC10899282 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-023-03274-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE We investigated the associations of socioeconomic position (SEP) with total and type of fish intake in a large general population and validated whether types of fish intake were differently associated with plasma EPA and DHA in a subset of the population. METHODS From the Lifelines Cohort Study, 94,246 participants aged 44 ± 13 years old were included to test the association of two SEP indicators, i.e., education level and household income level, with dietary intakes of total, oily, lean, fried, and other types of fish. In a subset of 575 participants (mean age: 50 ± 13 years), EPA and DHA levels were measured in plasma phospholipids and triglycerides. Dietary fish intake was assessed using Food Frequency Questionnaire. Linear regressions were applied and adjusted for relevant covariates. RESULTS Compared to the high education level, lower education levels were negatively associated with total, oily, lean, and other fish intake (p < 0.001 for all), and positively associated with fried fish intake (β (SE): 0.04 (0.04), p < 0.001 for middle education; 0.07 (0.04), p < 0.001 for low education), independently of relevant covariates. Similar results were observed for income levels. In the subset population, total and oily fish intakes were positively associated with plasma EPA and DHA (p < 0.02 for all). Lean and other fish intakes were positively associated with only DHA (p < 0.008 for all), but not EPA, while fried fish was not associated with either EPA or DHA in plasma (p > 0.1 for all). CONCLUSION Lower SEP was associated with a lower total intake of fish, and of oily and lean fish, but with higher intake of fried fish. Fried fish was not associated with the fish-based EPA and DHA in plasma. Hence, SEP-related differences in fish consumption are both quantitative and qualitative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinjie Zhu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Jochen O Mierau
- Department of Economics, Econometrics & Finance, Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Groningen, University Complex, 9747 AJ, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Lifelines Cohort Study and Biobank, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Team Strategy & External Relations, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ineke J Riphagen
- Certe Medical Diagnostics and Advice, Medical Center Leeuwarden, 8934 AD, Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
| | - M Rebecca Heiner-Fokkema
- Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Louise H Dekker
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), 3720 BA, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Gerjan J Navis
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Stephan J L Bakker
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Khashwayn S, Alqahtani MB, Al Katheer SA, Al Hussaini AA, Bakhashwayn MA, Al Qarni AA. The Prevalence of Weight Gain After Obtaining Employment: A Cross-Sectional Survey of Employees at the Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Eastern Region, Saudi Arabia. Cureus 2024; 16:e56572. [PMID: 38646243 PMCID: PMC11031131 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.56572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and objective Even though obesity is a major global health concern, few studies in the literature have discussed obesity in the workplace. In light of this, we aimed to explore obesity in the workplace and its contributing factors. Methodology An online survey was distributed via official work emails. The survey assessed demographic variables and work environment-related factors, such as physical and mental well-being, lack of time, and social and personal habits. The total sample included 380 full-time employees, of which 16.67% were excluded for not meeting the inclusion criteria. Data were analyzed by using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results Of note, 79.87% of the participants reported an increase in weight after getting employed. The average weight gain was 10.4 kg for 8.2 years of experience. The physical and mental items and time-related items had the highest average scores of 3.24 and 3.44, respectively. The multivariable logistic regression showed a significant association between work experience (p = 0.0259) and time (p = 0.0363), as well as physical and mental domains (p = 0.0007). Conclusions Based on our findings, greater work experience, a lack of time, and negative mental and physical well-being are risk factors for weight gain among employees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seham Khashwayn
- Research, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Alhasa, SAU
- Research, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Alhasa, SAU
| | - Maha B Alqahtani
- College of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, SAU
- Biomedical Research Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, SAU
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Jeddah, SAU
| | - Saffanah A Al Katheer
- Research, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Alhasa, SAU
- Research, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Alhasa, SAU
| | - Arwa A Al Hussaini
- Research, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Alhasa, SAU
- Research, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Alhasa, SAU
| | | | - Ali A Al Qarni
- Research, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Alhasa, SAU
- Research, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Alhasa, SAU
- Research, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Alhasa, SAU
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Chapman LE, Berkowitz SA, Ammerman A, De Marco M, Ng SW, Zimmer C, Caspi CE. Examining Changes in Food Security, Perceived Stress, and Dietary Intake in a Cohort of Low-Wage Workers Experiencing an Increase in Hourly Wage. Health Promot Pract 2024; 25:263-273. [PMID: 36373653 PMCID: PMC10183054 DOI: 10.1177/15248399221128005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine whether an increase in hourly wages was associated with changes in food security and perceived stress among low-wage workers. We also determined whether changes in food security and stress were associated with changes in diet. SETTING Wages is a prospective cohort study following 974 low-wage workers in Minneapolis, MN, where an ordinance is incrementally increasing minimum wage to US$15/hr from 2018 to 2022, and a comparison community with no minimum wage ordinance (Raleigh, NC). Interaction models were estimated using generalized estimating equations. PARTICIPANTS Analyses used two waves of data (2018 [baseline], 2019) and included 219 and 321 low-wage workers in Minneapolis and Raleigh (respectively). RESULTS Average hourly wages increased from US$9.77 (SD US$1.69) to US$11.67 (SD US$4.02). Changes in wages were not associated with changes in food security (odds ratio = 1.05, 95% confidence interval [CI] [0.89, 1.23], p = .57) or stress (β = -0.01, 95% CI [-0.04, 0.03], p = .70) after 1 year of policy implementation. Changes in food security were not associated with changes in diet. However, we found significant changes in the frequency of fruit and vegetable intake across time by levels of stress, with decreased intake from Wave 1 to 2 at low levels of stress, and increased intake at high levels of stress (incidence rate ratio = 1.17, 95% CI [1.05, 1.31], p = .01). CONCLUSIONS Changes in wages were not associated with changes in food security or stress in a sample of low-wage workers. Future research should examine whether full implementation of a minimum wage increase is associated with changes in these outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Seth A. Berkowitz
- The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Alice Ammerman
- The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Molly De Marco
- The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Shu Wen Ng
- The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Catherine Zimmer
- The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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Amiri M, Sarani Rad F, Li J. Delighting Palates with AI: Reinforcement Learning's Triumph in Crafting Personalized Meal Plans with High User Acceptance. Nutrients 2024; 16:346. [PMID: 38337630 PMCID: PMC10857145 DOI: 10.3390/nu16030346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Eating, central to human existence, is influenced by a myriad of factors, including nutrition, health, personal taste, cultural background, and flavor preferences. The challenge of devising personalized meal plans that effectively encompass these dimensions is formidable. A crucial shortfall in many existing meal-planning systems is poor user adherence, often stemming from a disconnect between the plan and the user's lifestyle, preferences, or unseen eating patterns. Our study introduces a pioneering algorithm, CFRL, which melds reinforcement learning (RL) with collaborative filtering (CF) in a unique synergy. This algorithm not only addresses nutritional and health considerations but also dynamically adapts to and uncovers latent user eating habits, thereby significantly enhancing user acceptance and adherence. CFRL utilizes Markov decision processes (MDPs) for interactive meal recommendations and incorporates a CF-based MDP framework to align with broader user preferences, translated into a shared latent vector space. Central to CFRL is its innovative reward-shaping mechanism, rooted in multi-criteria decision-making that includes user ratings, preferences, and nutritional data. This results in versatile, user-specific meal plans. Our comparative analysis with four baseline methods showcases CFRL's superior performance in key metrics like user satisfaction and nutritional adequacy. This research underscores the effectiveness of combining RL and CF in personalized meal planning, marking a substantial advancement over traditional approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Juan Li
- Department of Computer Science, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58105, USA; (M.A.); (F.S.R.)
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11
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Gabe KT, Costa CDS, Dos Santos FS, Souza TN, Jaime PC. Is the adherence to the food practices recommended by the dietary guidelines for the Brazilian population associated with diet quality? Appetite 2023; 190:107011. [PMID: 37634827 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2023.107011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The Brazilian Food Guide (BFG)'s messages are mostly qualitative and focused on food practices, such as meal planning, cooking, and eating modes. This study sough to investigate whether the adherence to these food practices is aligned with diet quality. METHODS A quota-based subsample of the NutriNet-Brasil Cohort (n = 2052) completed the Food Practices Brazil Scale (FPBr), a 24-item scale assessing the adherence to healthy eating practices recommended by the BFG. Four possible frequency-based answers are given and a score ranging from 0 to 72 is calculated by summing them (FPBr-score). Data from web-based 24-h recalls were used for calculating the usual percentage of energy intake (%energy) of ten food groups based on the level of food processing: plant-based unprocessed or minimally processed foods; processed foods; ultra-processed foods; fruits; vegetables; whole grains; beans and other legumes; nuts; red meat; and table sugar. The association between quartiles of the FPBr-score and food groups' %energy was analysed through crude and adjusted linear regression models. RESULTS Except for red meat, all the other food groups were linearly associated with the FPBr-score in the expected direction. For example, adjusted means for the %energy of plant-based unprocessed or minimally processed foods were 26.7% (CI95% 25.9-27.5) and 36.8% (CI95% 36.0-37.6) among those classified in the first and fourth quartiles of the FPBr-score, respectively. For ultra-processed foods, these percentages were 27.0 (CI95% 26.3-27.8) against 17.5 (CI95% 16.7-18.3). CONCLUSIONS These results support the use of messages based on practices and behaviors in Food-Based Dietary Guidelines. At the same time, they call attention to the importance of policies that enable people to adopt healthier food practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamila Tiemann Gabe
- Graduate Program in Nutrition in Public Health, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo. Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 715 - Cerqueira César, São Paulo, SP, 01246-904, Brazil; Center for Epidemiological Research in Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo. Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 715 - Cerqueira César, São Paulo, SP, 01246-904, Brazil.
| | - Caroline Dos Santos Costa
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo. Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 715 - Cerqueira César, São Paulo, SP, 01246-904, Brazil; Center for Epidemiological Research in Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo. Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 715 - Cerqueira César, São Paulo, SP, 01246-904, Brazil
| | - Francine Silva Dos Santos
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo. Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 715 - Cerqueira César, São Paulo, SP, 01246-904, Brazil; Center for Epidemiological Research in Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo. Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 715 - Cerqueira César, São Paulo, SP, 01246-904, Brazil
| | - Thays Nascimento Souza
- Graduate Program in Nutrition in Public Health, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo. Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 715 - Cerqueira César, São Paulo, SP, 01246-904, Brazil; Center for Epidemiological Research in Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo. Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 715 - Cerqueira César, São Paulo, SP, 01246-904, Brazil
| | - Patricia Constante Jaime
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo. Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 715 - Cerqueira César, São Paulo, SP, 01246-904, Brazil; Center for Epidemiological Research in Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo. Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 715 - Cerqueira César, São Paulo, SP, 01246-904, Brazil
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12
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Hagström N, Lövestam E, Koochek A, Berntson L. A qualitative evaluation of the specific carbohydrate diet for juvenile idiopathic arthritis based on children's and parents' experiences. Pediatr Rheumatol Online J 2023; 21:127. [PMID: 37858222 PMCID: PMC10588234 DOI: 10.1186/s12969-023-00914-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Insights into the immunological role of the gastrointestinal tract in autoimmune conditions have led to the investigation of diet as a potential adjunctive treatment option for juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). The specific carbohydrate diet (SCD) has shown promising results. However, studies on participants' experiences of dietary interventions in JIA are rare. In this study we investigated the experiences of children and parents' who had participated in a four-week intervention with SCD aiming to examine the potential anti-inflammatory effects. OBJECTIVES To conduct a qualitative evaluation exploring children's and parents' experiences of the dietary intervention, how they navigated challenges, and their support requirements. METHODS Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 12 children and 15 parents from 13 families, who were interviewed individually and together. The transcripts were analysed using systematic text condensation. RESULTS Most participants interviewed found the intervention beneficial, with 12 out of 13 reporting positive effects, such as reduced pain and morning stiffness, and improved gastrointestinal function. Many participants reported being willing to repeat the intervention in the current form. Despite facing challenges, all children followed the diet for one to three months, with some continuing to follow a modified version. Facing the socio-emotional consequences of adhering to the diet was challenging for children. These were handled by focusing on the positive aspects and by relying on the supportive environment available. Parents struggled with practical issues since the diet required hard work, time, and money. Areas identified as requiring additional support include finding simple, quick, and child-friendly solutions, strengthening organizational food skills such as meal planning, and preparation prior to starting the intervention regarding socio-emotional aspects. CONCLUSION Navigating the dietary treatment was considered challenging, practically for the parents and socio-emotionally for the children. Based on the reported challenges and participants' suggestions the intervention could be optimised by providing support and solutions in relation to the practical issues and better preparation regarding dealing with the socio-emotional consequences. Despite the difficulties, the participants reported overall positive experiences of, and attitudes towards, the current setup. Consequently, dietary interventions, such as the SCD, may be regarded as suitable targets for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naima Hagström
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Elin Lövestam
- Department of Food Studies, Nutrition and Dietetics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Afsaneh Koochek
- Department of Food Studies, Nutrition and Dietetics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Lillemor Berntson
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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13
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Sara GP, Ryesa M, Muzayyana A, Myles SF, Leah L, Tonja N, Kyle SB, Siega-Riz AM, Shearrer EG. Association of stress on eating competence in mothers during pregnancy and six months postpartum. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2023; 23:690. [PMID: 37741977 PMCID: PMC10517560 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-023-06005-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Perceived stress is related to poor diet quality and unhealthy dietary patterns in women of reproductive age. Eating competence represents a variety of contextual skills reflecting a comfortable and flexible approach to eating and is associated with diet quality and health related behavior. In non-pregnant samples, perceived stress is negatively associated with eating competence. Given that pregnancy and the postpartum period can be periods of high stress, we hypothesized that higher stress in pregnancy would result in lower pregnancy eating competence. METHODS Women (n = 296, mean BMIbaseline pregnancy = 26.3 ± SD 6.0) in the Pregnancy Eating Attributes Study (PEAS) were recruited from the Chapel Hill, North Carolina area. Perceived stress was assessed using the Perceived Stress Scale and eating competence using the ecSatter Inventory at their first trimester and 6-month postpartum visits. We used a mixed effect model to assess the effect of stress by time on eating competence, controlling for baseline pregnancy BMI, race and ethnicity, poverty to income ratio, and WIC status. RESULTS Perceived stress was negatively associated with eating competence (b= -0.23, SE = 0.06, p < 0.001). The interaction of stress by time was negatively associated with eating competence (b = -0.15, SE = 0.08, p = 0.03), indicating that the association of stress with eating competence was stronger in postpartum than in pregnancy. CONCLUSIONS Perceived stress may adversely impact eating competence during both pregnancy and postpartum. Future studies intervening upon stress or eating competence during pregnancy and postpartum may inform potential causal relations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghasem Pour Sara
- Department of Family and Consumer Sciences, University of Wyoming, Laramie, USA
| | - Mansoor Ryesa
- School of Medicine and Health Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, USA
| | | | - S Faith Myles
- Department of Counseling, School, and Educational Psychology, Graduate School of Education, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, USA
| | - Lipsky Leah
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, USA
| | - Nansel Tonja
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, USA
| | - S Burger Kyle
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, USA
| | - Anna Maria Siega-Riz
- Departments of Nutrition and Biostatistics & Epidemiology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, USA
| | - E Grace Shearrer
- Department of Family and Consumer Sciences, University of Wyoming, Laramie, USA.
- School of Medicine and Health Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, USA.
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Adriano LS, Barbosa BB, de Campos MAR, Lima VMF, Henriques EMV. Factors Associated with Adherence to the Brazilian Food Guide in Food Service Workers. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:6765. [PMID: 37754623 PMCID: PMC10531410 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20186765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed to evaluate factors associated with adherence to the Food Guide for the Brazilian Population (GAPB) among food service workers. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 421 employees from 43 food service establishments located in a capital of Brazil. Health and lifestyle data were collected, including the continuous use of medication, smoking, physical activity, and alcohol consumption. An instrument based on the GAPB was utilized, covering the domains of planning, household organization, eating habits, and food choices, according to GAPB recommendations. The findings revealed a direct association between the quality of life scores and the total GAPB adherence score (β = 1.17; p < 0.001), as well as the domains of planning (β = 0.53; p < 0.001), household organization (β = 0.22; p = 0.001), and eating habits (β = 0.38; p < 0.001). Adherence to the GAPB among food service workers was strongly linked to their perception of quality of life, in addition to other factors such as gender, age, education, type of work activity, and variables of lifestyle. Therefore, the eating practices of these employees need to be assessed comprehensively, and enhancing their quality of life can encourage proper and healthy eating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lia Silveira Adriano
- Health Sciences Center, University of Fortaleza, Fortaleza 60811-905, CE, Brazil; (B.B.B.); (M.A.R.d.C.); (V.M.F.L.); (E.M.V.H.)
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15
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Dhuria P, Muir S, Lawrence W, Roe E, Crozier S, Cooper C, Baird J, Vogel C. Women Consumers' Views on Legislation to Restrict Prominent Placement and Multibuy Promotions of High Fat, Sugar, and Salt Products in England: A Qualitative Perspective. Int J Health Policy Manag 2023; 12:7597. [PMID: 38618804 PMCID: PMC10590244 DOI: 10.34172/ijhpm.2023.7597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As part of the childhood obesity strategy, the UK Government has introduced regulations to restrict the ways high fat salt and sugar (HFSS) products can be promoted in retail settings from October 2022. This study explored (i) consumers' views on the likely impact of the UK legislation restricting the placement and promotion of HFSS products on their shopping behaviours and (ii) consumers' beliefs about who is responsible for healthy eating. METHODS Using a cross-sectional study design, qualitative semi-structured telephone interviews were conducted with a purposive sample of women who shopped at a discount supermarket. Thematic analysis was employed to identify key themes. RESULTS Participants' (n = 34) had a median age of 35 years and over half were in paid employment. Five themes were identified: (1) The legislation is acceptable, but people can still (and should be able to) buy HFSS items; (2) The legislation is likely to have more impact on shoppers who do not plan their shopping; (3) Affordability of healthy food is just as, or more, important than the legislation; (4) It's up to the individual to eat healthily; and (5) Government and retailers can better support consumers to make healthy choices. CONCLUSION Most participants were optimistic about the incoming regulations and believed that it would support consumers to make healthier food choices. Many raised concerns, however, that the high price of healthy foods and continued availability of unhealthy foods within the stores could undermine the legislation's benefits. Coupling the legislation with interventions to promote and reduce the costs of healthier products would go some way to ensure its success. Raising awareness about marketing strategies that play into consumer concerns for cost and autonomy could further increase acceptance of the policy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preeti Dhuria
- Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK
| | - Sarah Muir
- Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK
| | - Wendy Lawrence
- Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK
- National Institute for Health Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Emma Roe
- School of Geography and Environmental Science, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Sarah Crozier
- Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK
- NIHR Applied Research Collaboration Wessex, Southampton Science Park, Innovation Centre, Southampton, UK
| | - Cyrus Cooper
- Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK
- National Institute for Health Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Janis Baird
- Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK
- National Institute for Health Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
- NIHR Applied Research Collaboration Wessex, Southampton Science Park, Innovation Centre, Southampton, UK
| | - Christina Vogel
- Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK
- National Institute for Health Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
- NIHR Applied Research Collaboration Wessex, Southampton Science Park, Innovation Centre, Southampton, UK
- Centre for Food Policy, City, University of London, London, UK
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Pham A, Dalkic AE, Achan K, Gibson L, Limaye S. Supporting home-based meal preparation improves lunchtime habits and self-assessed work performance of interns at a tertiary hospital. Intern Med J 2023; 53:1701-1705. [PMID: 37665728 DOI: 10.1111/imj.16219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
There is ample evidence that doctors frequently miss meals at work, which negatively impacts concentration, decision-making and overall patient care. Junior doctors are particularly vulnerable given their heavy workload. We report on the impact of a pilot programme supporting home-based meal preparation on the dietary habits and energy levels of interns at a tertiary hospital and demonstrate this is one strategy healthcare organisations can adopt to promote a healthier workforce.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alec Pham
- Concord Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | - Kripa Achan
- MDOK, Concord Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Lauren Gibson
- MDOK, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Sandhya Limaye
- MDOK, Concord Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Cohen DA, Estrada E, Montes M, Voorhees A, Inzhakova G, Rios C, Hsieh T, Tayag J, Castillo A, Hashmi S. Food prescription pilots: feasibility, acceptability and affordability of improving diet through menu planning and grocery delivery. J Hum Nutr Diet 2023; 36:1556-1563. [PMID: 36653939 PMCID: PMC10352459 DOI: 10.1111/jhn.13142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lack of adherence is a primary reason people fail to maintain a healthy diet or lose weight. Multiple environmental factors, including aggressive marketing and convenience of nutrient-poor food, undermine people's best intentions. The aim was to assess the feasibility, acceptability and impact of food prescriptions in which participants' exposure to commercial food outlets is reduced, because the groceries are delivered with weekly menu plans and recipes. METHODS This is a series of pre-post pilot proof-of-concept studies. We recruited 37 members of Kaiser Permanente interested in improving their diet or losing weight. Weekly meal plans meeting more than 90% of recommended dietary allowances were designed to be low cost, in line with Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) allowances. Five separate pilots targeted different populations. Participants were required to provide 24-h dietary recalls (ASA24) before and during the interventions. Weight management pilot participants had height, weight and blood pressure measured before and after 4-week pilots and followed sustainability guidelines, limiting meat and dairy. RESULTS Across pilots, the healthy eating index improved (+21.1 points; 95% CI [confidence interval] 15.9, 26.3). For the weight management pilots, most participants lost weight (average 10.3 lbs for men, 5.7 lbs for women; 95% CI -10.2, -5.4). The majority of participants liked the programme and considered it the easiest weight loss programme they ever tried. CONCLUSIONS These pilots suggest that meal planning and grocery delivery can be affordable and acceptable and could ultimately have a major impact on diet-related chronic diseases. Longer-term studies are needed to confirm how long compliance will endure.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Justin Tayag
- Southern California Kaiser Permanente, Los Angeles
| | | | - Sean Hashmi
- Southern California Kaiser Permanente, Los Angeles
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18
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Lee V. Introduction to the dietary management of obesity in adults. Clin Med (Lond) 2023; 23:304-310. [PMID: 38614642 PMCID: PMC10541054 DOI: 10.7861/clinmed.2023-0157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is a multifaceted and complex condition that requires holistic management. It currently affects nearly one in four adults in the UK, with the UK ranked 10th globally for the highest obesity rates. Obesity is projected to have an economic burden of ∼£2 billion per year by 2030 in the UK.1 Excess weight gain can coincide with myriad health concerns and multiple health conditions, which can be physical, metabolic or psychosocial. This includes type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), hypertension, coronary heart disease, osteoarthritis, obstructive sleep apnoea, reproductive disorders, depression and cancer2; hence, there has been a significant emphasis on obesity prevention. Obesity is often associated with weight stigma, impacting psychological wellbeing and quality of life. This can influence an individual's likelihood of seeking support, delaying appropriate input from healthcare professionals, with a knock-on effect on pre-existing health conditions. This review explores the management of obesity from a nutritional perspective, because modifying dietary intake is essential to reduce the risk of non-communicable diseases, including those associated with obesity.
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Wiafe MA, Ayensu J, Yeboah GB. Predictors of food variety and food consumption scores of adolescents living in a rural district in Ghana. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0286477. [PMID: 37256891 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0286477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION There is a dearth of information about the food variety and consumption scores of adolescents in Ghana. This study assessed predictors of food variety and consumption scores of adolescents living in a rural district in Ghana. METHOD In this cross-sectional study, a multi-stage sampling method was used to select one hundred and thirty-seven (137) adolescents from the Asante-Akim South Municipality of Ghana. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data on sociodemographic, food practices and dietary intakes of study participants. Descriptive, chi-square, T-test, partial correlation and binary logistic regression were used for the data analysis. RESULTS The mean food variety score was 25.8±6.4 (range 7-42) and food consumption score was 35±5.1 (range 18.6-49.9). Food variety score was significantly (p<0.05) associated with guardian income status. A significant and positive partial correlation existed between food variety score and calcium intake (r = 0.236, p<0.05). About 49% and 51% of adolescents were food insecure and food secure, respectively. Food consumption score had significant association (p<0.05) with gender (X2 = 6.1), residence (X2 = 7.0), frequency of meal (X2 = 6.8) and food variety score (X2 = 5.4). Adolescent male (AOR = 2.3, 95% CI (1.2-4.6), p = 0.017), peri-urban residency (AOR = 2.1, 95%CI (1.0-4.4), p = 0.036), having three or more meals per day (AOR = 4.2, 95% CI (1.3-13.6), p = 0.018), and a high food variety score (AOR = 2.1, 95%CI (1.0-4.2), p = 0.041) significantly predicted food consumption scores. CONCLUSION Moderate income status was associated with food variety score in our study participants. Linear relationship existed between food variety and calcium intake. Adolescent males, peri-urban residency, frequency of meals and high food variety score were the predictors of food consumption score. Nutrition-specific and nutrition sensitive programmes aimed at promoting adolescent health should involve guardians.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jessica Ayensu
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Georgina Benewaa Yeboah
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212013, China
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Smith KE, Varnado A, Thomas JG, Vithiananthan S, Jones DB, Papasavas P, Bond DS. Characterizing the Course of Loss of Control Eating and Prognostic Factors Following Bariatric Surgery: an Exploratory Analysis. Obes Surg 2023; 33:1170-1177. [PMID: 36808385 PMCID: PMC10079698 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-023-06497-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Postoperative loss of control eating (LOCE) has detrimental associations with weight outcomes and mental health following bariatric surgery. However, little is known regarding LOCE course following surgery and preoperative factors that predict remittance, continuance, or development of LOCE. The present study aimed to characterize LOCE course in the year following surgery by identifying four groups: individuals with (1) postoperative de novo LOCE, (2) maintained LOCE (endorsed at pre- and post-surgery), (3) remitted LOCE (endorsed only at pre-surgery), and (4) those who never endorsed LOCE. Exploratory analyses examined group differences in baseline demographic and psychosocial factors. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 61 adult bariatric surgery patients completed questionnaires and ecological momentary assessment at pre-surgery and 3-, 6-, and 12-month postoperative follow-ups. RESULTS Results showed that 13 (21.3%) never endorsed LOCE prior to or after surgery, 12 (19.7%) developed LOCE after surgery, 7 (11.5%) evidenced remittance from LOCE after surgery, and 29 (47.5%) maintained LOCE prior to and after surgery. Relative to those who never endorsed LOCE, all groups who evidenced LOCE before and/or after surgery reported greater disinhibition; those who developed LOCE reported less planned eating; and those with maintained LOCE reported less satiety sensitivity and greater hedonic hunger. CONCLUSION These findings highlight the importance of postoperative LOCE and need for longer-term follow-up studies. Results also suggest a need to examine the longer-term impact of satiety sensitivity and hedonic eating on LOCE maintenance, and the extent to which meal planning may buffer risk for de novo LOCE following surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn E Smith
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA.
| | - Aimee Varnado
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - J Graham Thomas
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Weight Control and Diabetes Research Center, The Miriam Hospital/Brown Alpert Medical School, Providence, RI, 02903, USA
| | | | - Daniel B Jones
- Department of Surgery, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA
| | - Pavlos Papasavas
- Department of Surgery, Hartford Hospital/HealthCare, Hartford, CT, 06106, USA
| | - Dale S Bond
- Department of Surgery, Hartford Hospital/HealthCare, Hartford, CT, 06106, USA
- Department of Research, Hartford Hospital/HealthCare, Hartford, CT, 06106, USA
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Neves FS, Martins CA, Fontes VS, Batista AP, de Faria ER, Netto MP, Oliveira RMS, Cândido APC. Involvement of Brazilian adolescents in home cooking: An exploratory analysis (EVA-JF Study). Nutrition 2023; 110:111998. [PMID: 36921523 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2023.111998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the involvement of Brazilian adolescents in home cooking, estimating its associations with sex and socioeconomic status. METHODS This cross-sectional study involved a probabilistic sample of 14- to 19-y-olds enrolled in 29 public schools in the municipality of Juiz de Fora, MG, Southeast Brazil (n = 835). To assess involvement in home cooking, a 12-question questionnaire was used. The content was based on the Brazilian Food Guide, which encourages the acquisition, development, and sharing of culinary skills. Pearson's χ test and Poisson regression models were carried out, without and with adjustments. RESULTS Most of the adolescents did not usually participate in meal planning (61%), and in the choice/purchase of food and culinary ingredients (67%). Boys were less likely to know how to cook "from scratch", positively self-evaluate their culinary skills, enjoy cooking, wish to learn more about cooking and meal preparation, and to participate frequently in the planning and preparation of meals. Belonging to a lower socioeconomic status represented a greater probability of preparing meals alone for the family. CONCLUSIONS We verified an alarming prevalence of adolescents with behaviors unaligned with Brazilian Food Guide recommendations; that is, most of them, especially boys, were not involved in home cooking. Adolescence may present a window of opportunity for the development of culinary skills, resulting in long-term benefits for the population's diet quality. Furthermore, to change a historical pattern that overloads women's daily lives, it is necessary to encourage, from an early age, the presence of boys in the kitchen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Silva Neves
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora - UFJF, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil; Graduate Program in Public Health, Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Federal University of Juiz de Fora - UFJF, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil; General Coordination of Food and Nutrition - CGAN, Department of Prevention and Health Promotion, Secretariat of Primary Health Care, Ministry of Health, Brasília, DF, Brazil.
| | - Carla Adriano Martins
- Institute of Food and Nutrition, Multidisciplinary Center UFRJ-Macaé, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro - UFRJ, Macaé, RJ, Brazil; Center for Epidemiologic Research in Nutrition and Health - NUPENS, University of São Paulo - USP, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Sequeira Fontes
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora - UFJF, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil; Graduate Program in Public Health, Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Federal University of Juiz de Fora - UFJF, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - Aline Priscila Batista
- Epidemiology Laboratory, Federal University of Ouro Preto - UFOP, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil
| | - Eliane Rodrigues de Faria
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora - UFJF, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - Michele Pereira Netto
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora - UFJF, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil; Graduate Program in Public Health, Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Federal University of Juiz de Fora - UFJF, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - Renata Maria Souza Oliveira
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora - UFJF, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil; Graduate Program in Public Health, Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Federal University of Juiz de Fora - UFJF, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Carlos Cândido
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora - UFJF, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil; Graduate Program in Public Health, Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Federal University of Juiz de Fora - UFJF, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
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Valenčič E, Beckett E, Collins CE, Koroušić Seljak B, Bucher T. SnackTrack-An App-Based Tool to Assess the Influence of Digital and Physical Environments on Snack Choice. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15020349. [PMID: 36678219 PMCID: PMC9862135 DOI: 10.3390/nu15020349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
As food choices are usually processed subconsciously, both situational and food environment cues influence choice. This study developed and tested a mobile app to investigate the association between physical and digital environments on snack choices. SnackTrack was designed and used to collect data on the snack choices of 188 users in real-life settings during an 8-week feasibility trial. The app asks users to take a photo of the food they are planning to consume and to provide additional information regarding the physical environment and context in which this food was eaten. The app also displayed various user interface designs (i.e., different background images) to investigate the potential effects of images on snack choice. Preliminary results suggest that the time of snack obtainment did not have a significant effect on the healthfulness of the snacks chosen. Conversely, it was found that unhealthy background images appeared to encourage healthier snack choices. In conclusion, despite consumers having the knowledge to make healthy choices, environmental cues can alter food choices. SnackTrack, a novel tool to investigate the influence of physical and digital environments on consumers' food choices, provides possibilities for exploring what encourages (un)healthy eating behaviours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Valenčič
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia
- Food and Nutrition Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, Newcastle, NSW 2305, Australia
- Computer Systems Department, Jožef Stefan Institute, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Jožef Stefan International Postgraduate School, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Correspondence:
| | - Emma Beckett
- Food and Nutrition Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, Newcastle, NSW 2305, Australia
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, College of Engineering, Science and Environment, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Clare E. Collins
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia
- Food and Nutrition Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, Newcastle, NSW 2305, Australia
| | - Barbara Koroušić Seljak
- Computer Systems Department, Jožef Stefan Institute, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Jožef Stefan International Postgraduate School, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Tamara Bucher
- Food and Nutrition Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, Newcastle, NSW 2305, Australia
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, College of Engineering, Science and Environment, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia
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23
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AVACARD – Menu evaluation index: Construction and validation. Int J Gastron Food Sci 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijgfs.2023.100671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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Klobodu C, Deutsch J, Vitolins MZ, Fisher K, Nasser JA, Stott D, Milliron BJ. Optimizing Fertility Treatment With Nutrition Guidance: Exploring Barriers and Facilitators to Healthful Nutrition Among Female Cancer Survivors With Fertility Challenges. Integr Cancer Ther 2023; 22:15347354231191984. [PMID: 37559460 PMCID: PMC10416655 DOI: 10.1177/15347354231191984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Young women diagnosed with cancer are at an increased risk for infertility compared to women without a cancer diagnosis. Consuming a healthful diet comprised of whole grains, fruits, vegetables, and unsaturated fats has been found to improve both fertility and cancer survivorship. Given this reason, dietary interventions tailored to support female cancer survivors with fertility challenges are of immense importance. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore barriers and facilitators to healthful nutrition among female cancer survivors with fertility challenges, to inform the development of dietary interventions for this population. METHODS Using a formative research design, interview, survey, and dietary intake data were collected from 20 female cancer survivors of reproductive age. Participant-check focus group discussions were conducted to validate findings. All interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim. Transcripts were coded and analyzed using a thematic analysis approach. Quantitative data were analyzed using means, standard deviations, ranges, frequencies, and percentages. RESULTS The average age of respondents was 31.47 ± 3.5 years and the average BMI was 24.78 ± 4.1 kg/m2. All participants were college educated, 45% identified as White, 50% as Black, and 10% as Hispanic or Latinx. Cancer diagnoses included breast, thyroid, ovarian, leukemia, and gastrointestinal cancers. The following themes were identified: (1) Lack of nutrition-related resources and detailed guidance, (2) Work-life balance, (3) Perceived rigidity of dietary guidance, (4) Treatment-related fatigue, (5) Having trust in healthcare providers, (6) Higher motivation to change nutrition behavior, and (7) Recognizing the additional benefits of nutrition. CONCLUSION These findings indicate a sought-after yet unmet need for post-cancer treatment fertility nutrition recommendations. Interventions should be tailored to women's needs and focus on improving their self-efficacy to make healthful dietary choices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia Klobodu
- Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- California State University Chico, Chico, CA, USA
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Lee C, Kim S, Kim J, Lim C, Jung M. Challenges of diet planning for children using artificial intelligence. Nutr Res Pract 2022; 16:801-812. [PMID: 36467765 PMCID: PMC9702545 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2022.16.6.801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Diet planning in childcare centers is difficult because of the required knowledge of nutrition and development as well as the high design complexity associated with large numbers of food items. Artificial intelligence (AI) is expected to provide diet-planning solutions via automatic and effective application of professional knowledge, addressing the complexity of optimal diet design. This study presents the results of the evaluation of the utility of AI-generated diets for children and provides related implications. MATERIALS/METHODS We developed 2 AI solutions for children aged 3-5 yrs using a generative adversarial network (GAN) model and a reinforcement learning (RL) framework. After training these solutions to produce daily diet plans, experts evaluated the human- and AI-generated diets in 2 steps. RESULTS In the evaluation of adequacy of nutrition, where experts were provided only with nutrient information and no food names, the proportion of strong positive responses to RL-generated diets was higher than that of the human- and GAN-generated diets (P < 0.001). In contrast, in terms of diet composition, the experts' responses to human-designed diets were more positive when experts were provided with food name information (i.e., composition information). CONCLUSIONS To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to demonstrate the development and evaluation of AI to support dietary planning for children. This study demonstrates the possibility of developing AI-assisted diet planning methods for children and highlights the importance of composition compliance in diet planning. Further integrative cooperation in the fields of nutrition, engineering, and medicine is needed to improve the suitability of our proposed AI solutions and benefit children's well-being by providing high-quality diet planning in terms of both compositional and nutritional criteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changhun Lee
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Korea
| | - Soohyeok Kim
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Korea
| | - Jayun Kim
- Kosin Innovative Smart Healthcare Research Center, Kosin University Gospel Hospital, Busan 49267, Korea
| | - Chiehyeon Lim
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Korea
- Graduate School of Artificial Intelligence, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Korea
| | - Minyoung Jung
- Kosin Innovative Smart Healthcare Research Center, Kosin University Gospel Hospital, Busan 49267, Korea
- Department of Pediatrics, Kosin University Gospel Hospital, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan 49267, Korea
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de Camargo AM, Botelho AM, Irmão GB, Fiates GMR. Analysis of Recipes Shared as 'Healthy' in a Popular Brazilian Website: A Cross-Sectional Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:13914. [PMID: 36360804 PMCID: PMC9653976 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192113914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Cooking is crucial to the achievement of healthy eating habits, and the internet, as host of culinary recipes websites, is a medium for the dissemination of cooking-related content. Research has revealed that most recipes available on internet sites do not have healthy characteristics when compared to recommendations for healthy eating, even the ones promoted as 'healthy'. This study investigated culinary recipes available on the 'healthy eating' section of a popular Brazilian recipe-sharing website. Recipes (n = 814) were analyzed with a validated framework based on national dietary guidelines. Ingredients (n = 5887) were classified according to the extension and purpose of their industrial processing. The recipes' titles were content analyzed to identify the health-related words and phrases used. Recipes contained ultra-processed foods and not enough unprocessed or minimally processed foods, such as legumes (4.7%, n = 380), nuts and seeds (18.4%, n = 150), and fruits (n = 32.7%, n = 263). The recipes' titles mentioned 564 health-related terms, appealing to physical characteristics, including weight loss, and fads, such as gluten-free, dukan, low-carb, detox, fitness, ripped body, and belly burner. Therefore, the 'healthy' recipes available on the Brazilian recipe-sharing website presented many aspects not in accordance with national dietary guidelines.
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Parental Perspectives of the Impact of COVID-19 Lockdown on Food-Related Behaviors: Systematic Review. Foods 2022; 11:foods11182851. [PMID: 36140979 PMCID: PMC9498514 DOI: 10.3390/foods11182851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Home confinement during the COVID-19 pandemic has been accompanied by dramatic changes in household food dynamics that can significantly influence health. This systematic literature review presents parental perspectives of the impact of COVID-19 lockdown (up to 30 June 2022) on food preparation and meal routines, as well as other food-related behaviors, capturing both favorable and unfavorable changes in the household food environment. Themes and trends are identified and associations with other lifestyle factors are assessed. Overall, families enjoyed more time together around food, including planning meals, cooking, and eating together. Eating more diverse foods and balanced home-cooked meals (e.g., fresh fruit and vegetables) was combined with overeating and increased snacking (e.g., high-calorie snacks, desserts, and sweets), as parents became more permissive towards food; however, food insecurity increased among families with the lowest income. Adoption of meal planning skills and online shopping behavior emerged alongside behaviors aimed at self-sufficiency, such as bulk purchasing and stockpiling of non-perishable processed foods. These results are an important first step in recognizing how this pandemic may be affecting the family food environment, including low-income families. Future obesity prevention and treatment initiatives, but also ongoing efforts to address food management, parental feeding practices, and food insecurity, can account for these changes moving forward.
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Moss SA, Serbetci D, O'Brien K, Alexi N. The Validated Features of Psychological Interventions for Weight Loss: An Integration. Behav Med 2022; 48:147-161. [PMID: 33226915 DOI: 10.1080/08964289.2020.1842316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Many psychological inclinations, such as maladaptive beliefs, can diminish the capacity of individuals to manage their weight effectively and sustainably. Yet, interventions that purportedly address these psychological inclinations and improve weight management are not always beneficial. To be effective, these interventions should offer participants several choices, should be devoid of features that have not been validated in isolation, and should arrange the various activities in an efficient and effective sequence. Few if any programs fulfill these criteria. The aim of this paper was to construct an intervention that assimilates all the validated features of interventions that overcome the psychological impediments to weight loss. To achieve this goal, we blended a technique called intervention component analysis with thematic analysis. Specifically, we extracted refereed journal articles about weight loss from PsycInfo, distilled the practical recommendations from these articles, excluded recommendations that had not been validated in isolation of other features, integrated overlapping recommendations, and applied several principles to arrange these recommendations into the most effective sequence. This procedure generated an intervention that could comprise up to 43 features and activities, including self-affirmation to foster openness to change, anecdotes about dramatic improvements, ambitious rather than modest targets, an emphasis on strategies rather than targets, rewards for attempts, implementation intentions with partners, self-hypnosis, cognitive reframing, and distancing. If these features are unsuccessful, practices that demand more resources-such as group disclosure, virtual environments, motivational interviewing, and customized programs-were also recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon A Moss
- College of Health and Human Sciences, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Australia
| | - Duygu Serbetci
- College of Health and Human Sciences, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Australia
| | - Kerry O'Brien
- School of Social Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Nektarios Alexi
- College of Health and Human Sciences, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Australia
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Griep RH, Silva-Costa A, Chor D, Cardoso LDO, Toivanen S, Fonseca MDJMD, Rotenberg L. Gender, work-family conflict, and weight gain: four-year follow-up of the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil). CAD SAUDE PUBLICA 2022; 38:EN066321. [PMID: 35544872 DOI: 10.1590/0102-311xen066321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This study sought to analyze the effect of work-to-family conflict (demands from work that affect one's family/personal life), family-to-work conflict (demands from family/personal life that affect work), and lack of time for self-care and leisure due to professional and domestic demands on the incidence of weight gain and increase in waist circumference by gender in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil). Our study included 9,159 ELSA-Brasil participants (4,413 men and 4,746 women) who attended baseline (2008-2010) and the first follow-up visit (2012-2014). Weight gain and increase in waist circumference were defined as an annual increase ≥ 75th percentile, i.e., ≥ 1.21kg/year and ≥ 1.75cm/year, respectively for women; and ≥ 0.96kg/year and ≥ 1.41cm/year respectively for men. Associations were estimated by Poisson regression applying robust variance with the R software. Analyses were stratified by gender and adjusted for socioeconomic variables. Adjusted models showed a higher risk of weight gain among women who reported family-to-work conflict frequently and sometimes (relative risk - RR = 1.37 and RR = 1.15, respectively) and among those who reported frequent lack of time for self-care and leisure (RR = 1.13). Among men, time-based work-to-family conflict (RR = 1.17) and strain-based work-to-family conflict (RR = 1.24) were associated with weight gain. No associations were observed between work-family conflict domains and increase in waist circumference. These findings suggest that occupational and social health promotion programs are essential to help workers balance work and family life to reduce weight gain.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Dóra Chor
- Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sergio Arouca, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | | | - Susanna Toivanen
- School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Mälardalen University, Västerås, Sweden
| | | | - Lúcia Rotenberg
- Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
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Barale K, Aragón MC, Yerxa K, Auld G, Hess A. Development of Reliable and Valid Questions to Assess Food Resource Management Behaviors in Adults With Limited Income. JOURNAL OF NUTRITION EDUCATION AND BEHAVIOR 2022; 54:346-358. [PMID: 35131185 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneb.2021.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Develop reliable, valid questions to assess changes in food resource management (FRM) behaviors in adults with limited incomes. DESIGN Questionnaire development using a mixed-methods approach: content validity (subject matter and curricula), face validity, temporal reliability (test-retest), sensitivity to change, and exploratory factor analysis (EFA). SETTING Community settings in 12 states. PARTICIPANTS Convenience samples of English-speaking Expanded Food and Nutrition Education Program (EFNEP) or EFNEP-eligible adults: 105 (cognitive interviews), 181 (test-retest), 185 (sensitivity), and 389 (EFA) adults. VARIABLES MEASURED Behaviors related to FRM skills: planning, shopping, and budgeting. ANALYSIS Consistency and agreement in cognitive interviews and temporal reliability; sensitivity at posttest (paired t tests, Wilcoxon signed-rank tests); internal consistency of scales identified in EFA (Cronbach α). P < 0.5. RESULTS All questions had acceptable temporal reliability ranges for the intraclass correlation coefficient (0.48-0.74) and Spearman rank-order correlation (0.48-0.73). All questions were sensitive to change at posttest (P < 0.001). Planning and saving scales, revealed by EFA, demonstrated internal consistency (> 0.80 Cronbach α). CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS The 9 FRM behavior questions have acceptable temporal reliability and content and face validity and can be used nationally by EFNEP to assess participants' self-reported behavior changes. Other nutrition programs with similar audiences and content could use these questions to measure changes in FRM behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Barale
- Youth and Family Unit, Washington State University Extension, Tacoma, WA.
| | - M Catalina Aragón
- Youth and Family Unit, Washington State University Extension, Tacoma, WA
| | - Kate Yerxa
- University of Maine Cooperative Extension, Orono, ME
| | - Garry Auld
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO
| | - Ann Hess
- Department of Statistics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO
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31
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Opoku-Addai K, Korsah KA, Mensah GP. Nutritional self-care practices and skills of patients with diabetes mellitus: A study at a tertiary hospital in Ghana. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0265608. [PMID: 35320308 PMCID: PMC8942245 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0265608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction
Nutritional management decreases and/or prevents the complications and deaths associated with diabetes mellitus. However, the majority of patients living with diabetes do not engage in optimal nutritional management of diabetes because they see it as the most difficult aspect of managing the condition. This study aimed to explore and describe the practices and skills on nutritional management of diabetes mellitus among patients living with diabetes attending a Ghanaian hospital.
Materials and methods
This study employed an exploratory, descriptive qualitative research design. Fifteen participants were recruited using purposive sampling, and interviewed with a semi-structured interview guide. Content analysis was performed on the data gathered, following which three main themes emerged.
Results
More than two-thirds of the participants of this study had adequate meal planning skills, ate the right quantity of foods, engaged in healthy eating habits, and consumed healthy sources of carbohydrates, fats and protein when eating. However, more than half of the participants had insufficient knowledge and skills in the reading and usage of food labels.
Conclusions
The participants of this study largely engaged in optimal nutritional management of diabetes due to their healthy dietary practices and preferences. It is recommended that health care professionals in Ghana find practical and robust ways to factor the reading and usage of food labels into the care and management of patients with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwabena Opoku-Addai
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Department of Nursing and Midwifery, Presbyterian University College, Asante Akyem, Agogo, Ghana
| | - Kwadwo Ameyaw Korsah
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana
| | - Gwendolyn Patience Mensah
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana
- * E-mail:
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Fultz AK, Baker S, Steeves EA, Trabulsi J, Alvarado AV, Robson SM. Feasibility of Implementing a Food Skills Intervention. J Acad Nutr Diet 2022; 122:1525-1533.e4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2022.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Karagiannis C, Cammer A, Andreiuk E, Caron N, Sheikh M, Anthony R, Davis K. Teaching a Man to Fish: An Evaluation of a Chronic Disease Management Men's Cooking Class. CAN J DIET PRACT RES 2022; 83:1-5. [PMID: 35014545 DOI: 10.3148/cjdpr-2021-038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
There is limited data on the effects of cooking classes on male participants. The LiveWell Chronic Disease Management program's Men's Cooking Class (MCC) aims to help participants gain skills and confidence with food to manage chronic diseases more independently and improve their health. This paper evaluates whether, and how, the program is effective in achieving its goals.A qualitative process was used to collect data from past program participants. Data collection included telephone interviews conducted with a sample of 27 past MCC attendees and a focus group held with a subsample of seven participants. Thematic analysis was performed on collected data.Five major themes emerged, including (i) practical and applicable content, (ii) kinesthetic teaching and learning, (iii) catering to the interests of participants, (iv) tailoring to the demographic, and (v) enjoyment and engagement. Findings indicate the current LiveWell MCC program is effective in meeting its goals. The themes identified are aspects of the program that contribute to this effectiveness.The thematic findings indicate areas in which to continuously adapt and monitor the effectiveness of this program and serve as recommendations for other programming. Further research on the long-term impact of MCC for self-management of chronic disease is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chrissa Karagiannis
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK
| | - Allison Cammer
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK
| | - Emily Andreiuk
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK
| | - Nicole Caron
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK
| | - Michele Sheikh
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK
| | - Rochelle Anthony
- LiveWell Chronic Disease Management, Saskatchewan Health Authority, Saskatoon, SK
| | - Karen Davis
- LiveWell Chronic Disease Management, Saskatchewan Health Authority, Saskatoon, SK
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Sharples AM, Galloway SD, Baker D, Smith B, Black K. Barriers, Attitudes, and Influences Towards Dietary Intake Amongst Elite Rugby Union Players. Front Sports Act Living 2022; 3:789452. [PMID: 34988435 PMCID: PMC8722519 DOI: 10.3389/fspor.2021.789452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Dietary intakes can impact an athletes health and performance. Although evidence exists about what an athlete should eat, an athlete's nutritional intake is influenced by many factors. The limited research available suggests the main barriers preventing optimal nutritional intakes reported by athletes are lack of time, food accessibility, poor cooking skills, costs, taste, and time spent in “off-season.” Although these factors have been shown to influence dietary intake they remain relatively unexplored in Rugby Union. This study aimed to describe the nutritional influences on dietary intake amongst Rugby Union player's. Methods: This was a qualitative study utilising in person individual interviews with all participants. Participants were Rugby Union players (n = 30) for either a Super Rugby franchise or one of their development squads in New Zealand. Participant's undertook recorded face to face interviews, which were later transcribed. A thematic approach was used to code the transcripts by the primary coder and the themes were subsequently evaluated by the research team. Results: Childhood upbringing, organisational skills, time and food security also emerged as barriers. Body composition and sport nutrition knowledge emerged as both barriers and enablers to nutritional intake. Influence on performance was an enabler to optimal dietary intake. Fully professional rugby players have access to dietitians, whereas development and semi-professional rugby players only have limited if any access, and they were more likely to seek nutritional information via social media. Conclusion: This study suggests a need for greater nutrition education at developmental levels with an emphasis on affordable food choices, meal planning and skills for interpreting online nutrition information.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Sharples
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Sport, University of Stirling, Stirling, United Kingdom
| | - Stuart D Galloway
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Sport, University of Stirling, Stirling, United Kingdom
| | - D Baker
- Department of Human Nutrition, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.,Department of Sports and Medicine, Axis Sports Medicine, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Brett Smith
- Te Huataki Waiora School of Health, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand
| | - Katherine Black
- Department of Human Nutrition, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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Miller ME, Newton K, Bailey A, Monnier C, Hoersten I, Puthoff I, Klinker A, Timmerman KL. Perceptions of Weight Loss in Older Adults Following a 6-Month Weight Loss Program: A Qualitative Research Study. J Acad Nutr Diet 2021; 122:981-990. [PMID: 34801744 DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2021.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity in older adults contributes to increasing comorbidities and decreased quality of life. There is limited research that includes older adults' perspectives on weight loss. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this qualitative study was to gain a better understanding of older adults' perceptions and experiences related to weight loss immediately after a 6-month weight loss intervention. DESIGN A qualitative research design using semi-structured interviews conducted as part of a larger research study exploring weight loss and/or aerobic exercise on muscle inflammation. PARTICIPANTS/SETTING A sample of community-based older adults (n = 11) in Southwestern Ohio were recruited from September 2018 through August 2019 after completion of a 6-month weight loss intervention. Eligible participants were older than 58 years, with a body mass index (calculated as kg/m2) >27, and sedentary with no cognitive deficits. Exclusions included cancer, heart disease, diabetes, and tobacco use. ANALYSIS Interviews were recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed using thematic analysis. Descriptive statistics were used for demographic data. RESULTS Three emergent themes included barriers and challenges to weight loss, which included caregiving roles, challenges with increasing protein intake, and ambivalence to change; personal strategies for success (eg, portion control and meal flexibility); and external strategies for success (eg, visual graphs as feedback measures, alternate measures of success, and social support). CONCLUSIONS The results of this qualitative study provide insight into older adults' experiences with weight loss, which may be considered when designing weight management interventions. However, more research is needed to examine strategies to address the challenges identified by participants in this research study. Future qualitative research should also focus on weight loss perspectives of older adults in other racial and ethnic groups.
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Carroll N, Sadowski A, Parizeau K, von Massow M, Wallace A, Jewell K, Ma DWL, Buchholz AC, Duncan AM, Chan B, Haines J. Food Skills: Associations With Diet Quality and Food Waste Among Canadian Parents. JOURNAL OF NUTRITION EDUCATION AND BEHAVIOR 2021; 53:371-379. [PMID: 33526389 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneb.2020.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the association between self-reported food skills and diet quality along with measured food waste among a sample of Canadian parents. DESIGN Cross-sectional data from surveys to assess food skills, 3-day food records to assess the Healthy Eating Index (HEI)-2015, and food waste measured by household waste audits. SETTING Guelph-Wellington, Ontario. PARTICIPANTS Parents (n = 130) with children aged 2-8 years. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES HEI-2015 scores, daily per capita avoidable and unavoidable food waste (grams). ANALYSIS Linear regression using generalized estimating equations to determine unstandardized β estimates of associations between food skills and dependent variables. Models were adjusted for multiple testing, gender, and level of education. RESULTS Food safety knowledge for cooking hot foods (β = 4.3, P = 0.05), planning (β = 4.5, P = 0.001), and conceptualizing food (β = 4.0, P = 0.03) were positively associated with HEI-2015 scores. Knowledge related to best before dates (β = 25.3, P = 0.05; β = 12.1, P = 0.04), conceptualizing food (β = 34.1, P = 0.01; β = 13.8, P = 0.02), and mechanical techniques (β = 39.2, P = 0.01; β = 20.5, P = 0.004) were associated with more avoidable and unavoidable food waste, respectively. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Addressing higher-level food skills with a focus on efficient food preparation practices that make use of all edible portions of foods could play an important role in minimizing food waste and improving diet quality. Additional research in other countries and in a larger, more socioeconomically diverse sample is needed to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Carroll
- Department of Family Relations and Applied Nutrition, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Adam Sadowski
- Department of Family Relations and Applied Nutrition, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kate Parizeau
- Department of Geography, Environment and Geomatics, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michael von Massow
- Department of Food, Agricultural and Resource Economics, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Angela Wallace
- Department of Family Relations and Applied Nutrition, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kira Jewell
- Department of Family Relations and Applied Nutrition, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - David W L Ma
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Andrea C Buchholz
- Department of Family Relations and Applied Nutrition, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alison M Duncan
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Brianne Chan
- Department of Food, Agricultural and Resource Economics, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jess Haines
- Department of Family Relations and Applied Nutrition, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada.
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Makama M, Awoke MA, Skouteris H, Moran LJ, Lim S. Barriers and facilitators to a healthy lifestyle in postpartum women: A systematic review of qualitative and quantitative studies in postpartum women and healthcare providers. Obes Rev 2021; 22:e13167. [PMID: 33403746 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
A healthy postpartum lifestyle is vital for the promotion of optimal maternal health, return to pre-pregnancy weight and prevention of postpartum weight retention, but barriers exist. We performed a systematic review that aimed to describe the barriers and facilitators to a healthy lifestyle in the first 2 years postpartum from the perspectives of women and healthcare providers. Databases were searched for eligible studies published up to 26 August 2019. Following thematic analysis, identified themes were mapped to the Theoretical Domains Framework and the Capability, Opportunity, Motivation and Behaviour model. We included 28 qualitative and quantitative studies after screening 15,643 citations and 246 full texts. We identified barriers and facilitators relating to capability (e.g., lack of knowledge regarding benefits of lifestyle behaviours; limitations in healthcare providers' skills in providing lifestyle support), opportunity (e.g., social support from partners, family, friends and healthcare providers; childcare needs) and motivation (e.g., identifying benefits of exercise and perception of personal health; enjoyment of the activity or food). We suggest intervention components to include in lifestyle interventions for postpartum women based on the identified themes. Our findings provide evidence to inform the development of interventions to support postpartum women in adopting and maintaining a healthy lifestyle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maureen Makama
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mamaru Ayenew Awoke
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Helen Skouteris
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Lisa J Moran
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Siew Lim
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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38
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Pfeifer D, Rešetar J, Gajdoš Kljusurić J, Panjkota Krbavčić I, Vranešić Bender D, Rodríguez-Pérez C, Ruíz-López MD, Šatalić Z. Cooking at Home and Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet During the COVID-19 Confinement: The Experience From the Croatian COVIDiet Study. Front Nutr 2021; 8:617721. [PMID: 33869262 PMCID: PMC8044460 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.617721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The primary aims of this study were to evaluate the changes in dietary behavior among the Croatian adult population during the COVID-19 outbreak and to explore the impact of confinement on cooking habits. Methods: The study was based on results from COVIDiet_Int cross-sectional study—a part of COVIDiet project (NCT04449731). A self-administered online questionnaire was used to assess the frequency of food consumption, eating habits, and sociodemographic information. A total number of 4,281 participants (80.5% females and 19.4% males) completed the questionnaire. Results: The Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener (MEDAS) score before the confinement was 5.02 ± 1.97, while during the confinement, the MEDAS score increased to 5.85 ± 2.04. Participants who had higher adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) during the confinement were mostly females (88.8%), aged between 20 and 50 years, with the highest level of education (66.3%) and normal BMI (70.6%). The majority of participants maintained their dietary behavior as it was before COVID-19 confinement, while 36.9% decreased their physical activity. Participants with higher MEDAS score were more eager to increase their physical activity. Additionally, higher median values of MEDAS score were noted for participants with body mass index values below 24.9 kg/m2 (6.0 vs. 5.0 for participants with BMI above 25 kg/m2). Participants in all residence places increased their cooking frequency during the confinement (53.8%), which was associated with an increase in vegetables, legumes, as well as fish and seafood consumption. Conclusions: According to our findings, Croatian adults exhibited medium adherence to the MedDiet during the COVID-19 confinement. The results suggest that cooking frequency could be positively associated with overall dietary quality, which is of utmost importance in these demanding times.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danijela Pfeifer
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Josip Rešetar
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.,Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | | | - Darija Vranešić Bender
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.,Clinical Unit of Clinical Nutrition, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Celia Rodríguez-Pérez
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Granada, Melilla, Spain.,Biomedical Research Centre, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INYTA) 'JoséMataix', University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Biosanitary Research Institute of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - María Dolores Ruíz-López
- Biomedical Research Centre, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INYTA) 'JoséMataix', University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Zvonimir Šatalić
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
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Migliavada R, Ricci FZ, Torri L. A three-year longitudinal study on the use of pre-ordering in a university canteen. Appetite 2021; 163:105203. [PMID: 33741449 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2021.105203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Meal pre-planning is considered a cost-effective behavioral strategy that can improve eating habits, reduce food waste and benefit food operators. This work aimed to offer new insights on the use of meal pre-ordering systems, in particular with regard to younger generations' booking habits and their evolution over time. Our data included observations from 946 students who visited a university canteen over the course of three years. We tried to address questions that were not previously explored in a real setting, namely we analyzed how widespread the use of pre-ordering can be, how much in advance and for how many days users plan their meals, whether there exists a compensation effect for those who order in advance and if increased familiarity with this booking system influences its adoption over time. We found that the adoption of pre-ordering was highest among graduate female students (odds ratio 1.67, p <0.001), who also planned their lunches further in advance and for more consecutive days compared to their peers. Our data also suggested that pre-ordering may increase the amount of uncollected orders, a potential source of collateral waste previously not identified in the literature. Although the generalizability of our findings is limited by the unique characteristics of the setting, the results obtained provide novel cues upon which future literature may build.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Luisa Torri
- Piazza Vittorio Emanuele II 9, Pollenzo, 12042, Italy.
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40
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Kopetsky A, Baker S, Hobbs K, Robson S. Understanding Mothers' Perceptions of Food Skills: A Qualitative Study. J Acad Nutr Diet 2021; 121:1339-1349.e2. [PMID: 33589381 DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2021.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Food skills are behaviors surrounding the planning, purchasing, and preparing of food. Food skills have been identified as important for promoting diet quality. Little work has investigated specific food skills perceived by parents to promote a healthy diet or parents' perceived barriers to implementing food skills. OBJECTIVE Our aim was to determine current food skills that parents identify as helpful behaviors for consuming a healthy diet and the perceived barriers to implementing food skills. DESIGN We conducted a qualitative study using focus groups with mothers (18 years or older) who reported being primarily responsible for acquiring and preparing food. PARTICIPANTS/SETTING Thirty mothers with at least 1 child under the age of 18 years were asked to attend 1 of 5 focus groups held in a university setting. MAIN OUTCOMES Outcomes included emergent themes and subthemes within the domains of food skill behaviors identified as helpful and perceived barriers to implementing food skills. ANALYSIS Focus groups were audio-recorded and transcribed. Thematic analysis was used to analyze transcripts and descriptive statistics were used to characterize participant demographics. RESULTS Food skill themes identified as helpful behaviors for consuming a healthy diet included mothers' resourcefulness, overall planning behaviors, and child involvement and influence. Themes for barriers to implementing food skills included limited time, cooking for multiple needs and tastes, exposure to food and sales while shopping, and food cost. CONCLUSIONS Qualitative findings indicated that mothers need behavior strategies for time management, meeting multiple family needs, dealing with exposure to food and sales, and food resource management rather than being provided solely with education. These findings can inform future behavior-based interventions to improve the diet quality of families.
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41
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De Backer C, Teunissen L, Cuykx I, Decorte P, Pabian S, Gerritsen S, Matthys C, Al Sabbah H, Van Royen K. An Evaluation of the COVID-19 Pandemic and Perceived Social Distancing Policies in Relation to Planning, Selecting, and Preparing Healthy Meals: An Observational Study in 38 Countries Worldwide. Front Nutr 2021; 7:621726. [PMID: 33614693 PMCID: PMC7890074 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2020.621726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives To examine changes in planning, selecting, and preparing healthy foods in relation to personal factors (time, money, stress) and social distancing policies during the COVID-19 crisis. Methods Using cross-sectional online surveys collected in 38 countries worldwide in April-June 2020 (N = 37,207, Mage 36.7 SD 14.43, 73.6% women), we compared changes in food literacy behaviors to changes in personal factors and social distancing policies, using hierarchical multiple regression analyses controlling for sociodemographic variables. Results Increases in planning (4.7 SD 1.2, 4.9 SD 1.3), selecting (3.8 SD 1.7, 3.8 SD 1.7), and preparing (4.6 SD 1.3, 4.7 SD 1.3) healthy foods were found for women and men, and positively related to perceived time availability among women and stay-at-home policies for planning and preparing in women. Psychological distress was a barrier for women, and an enabler for men. COVID-19 induced financial stress was a barrier depending on various sociodemographic variables (all p < 0.01). Conclusion Stay-at-home policies and feelings of having more time during COVID-19 seem to have improved food literacy among women. Stress and other social distancing policies relate to food literacy in more complex ways, highlighting the necessity of a health equity lens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte De Backer
- Department of Communication Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Lauranna Teunissen
- Department of Communication Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Isabelle Cuykx
- Department of Communication Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Paulien Decorte
- Department of Communication Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Sara Pabian
- Department of Communication Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.,Tilburg Center for Cognition and Communication, Tilburg School of Humanities and Digital Sciences, Tilburg University, Tilburg, Netherlands
| | - Sarah Gerritsen
- School of Population Health, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | | | - Haleama Al Sabbah
- Public Health Nutrition Department, Zayed University, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Kathleen Van Royen
- Department of Communication Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.,Family Medicine and Population Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
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42
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Hoteit M, Zoghbi E, Rady A, Shankiti I, Al-Jawaldeh A. Development of a Lebanese food exchange system based on frequently consumed Eastern Mediterranean traditional dishes and Arabic sweets. F1000Res 2021; 10:12. [PMID: 33708377 PMCID: PMC7931253 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.27461.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The important role of Mediterranean diet was elucidated in various clinical and epidemiological studies underlying its impact on reducing the burden of non-communicable diseases in Mediterranean and non-Mediterranean populations. Objective: The aim of this study was to convert the recipes of the Lebanese traditional dishes into meal planning exchange lists whose items are expressed in grams and adjusted to Lebanese household measures (cups and spoons) that could be used by healthcare professionals. Methodology: Thirty traditional Lebanese dishes were collected in which the carbohydrate, fat and protein were analyzed using Association of Official Analytical Chemists procedures then followed by a calculation of exchange lists of foods per serving using Wheeler method. Results: The variations in macronutrients and fiber content were found among the Lebanese dishes. Carbohydrate was lowest (1.1g/100g) and protein was highest (29.7g/100g) in
Shawarma Dajaj whereas fat content ranged between 0.5 and 22.4 g/100 g in the dishes. For each dish and according to each serving size, carbohydrate, milk (whole milk, reduced fat or skim), fat and protein (lean meat, medium fat meat and high fat meat) exchanges were calculated. Conclusion: This study provides healthcare professionals, dietitians and consumers the chance to proficiently plan traditional-type dishes, ensuring prominent dietetic and medical nutritional therapy practices and patient's self-control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maha Hoteit
- Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Edwina Zoghbi
- World Health Organization Lebanon Country Office, World Health Organization, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Alissar Rady
- World Health Organization Lebanon Country Office, World Health Organization, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Iman Shankiti
- World Health Organization Lebanon Country Office, World Health Organization, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ayoub Al-Jawaldeh
- World Health Organization Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean, World Health Organization, Cairo, Egypt
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43
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Konsor M, Schneider KL, Appelhans BM. Associations Between Weight Loss Attempts, Food Planning, and the Home Food Environment. JOURNAL OF NUTRITION EDUCATION AND BEHAVIOR 2021; 53:36-42. [PMID: 33127283 PMCID: PMC7855442 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneb.2020.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate whether food planning behaviors mediate the relationship between a reported weight loss attempt and the home food environment (HFE). DESIGN Secondary data analysis of 4 home visits, included collecting an objective home food inventory of the HFE and self-reported food planning behaviors. PARTICIPANTS There were 196 participants (mean age, 44.4 years; 83.7% female). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The percentage of obesogenic foods and fruits and vegetables (FV). ANALYSIS Four regression analyses to test mediation. RESULTS Meal planning and grocery list use did not explain the relationship between a weight loss attempt and obesogenic foods or FV in the home (P > 0.05). Post hoc analyses that examined participants with a body mass index of >25, >28, and >30 found that a weight loss attempt was associated with fewer obesogenic foods. In contrast, mediation analyses with planning behaviors and associations with FV in the home were nonsignificant (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Obesity was more indicative of the HFE than making a weight loss attempt. A weight loss attempt was not associated with food planning behaviors, which may be used for multiple reasons, including organization and time management. Future studies should evaluate individual differences in strategies to create a healthy HFE in the context of a weight loss attempt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeline Konsor
- Department of Psychology, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL.
| | - Kristin L Schneider
- Department of Psychology, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL
| | - Bradley M Appelhans
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL
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44
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Rhea KC, Cater MW, McCarter K, Tuuri G. Psychometric Analyses of the Eating and Food Literacy Behaviors Questionnaire with University Students. JOURNAL OF NUTRITION EDUCATION AND BEHAVIOR 2020; 52:1008-1017. [PMID: 32723614 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneb.2020.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study developed and validated a questionnaire to measure young adults' perceived food literacy and behaviors toward food and created an explanatory model. DESIGN Cross-sectional. SETTING Large southeastern US university. PARTICIPANTS A total of 1,896 students, aged 18-30 years, were recruited. Data from 1,813 were analyzed. VARIABLES MEASURED Health and nutrition, taste, food preparation, planning and decision-making, and convenience. ANALYSIS Exploratory factor analysis, test-retest reliability, confirmatory factor analysis, and structural equation modeling were performed. RESULTS Exploratory factor analysis returned 5 factors with acceptable internal structure. Test-retest reliability coefficients ranged from 0.63 to 0.92. Confirmatory factor analysis suggested that a 5-factor model was an appropriate fit for the data (χ2 = 588.05; degrees of freedom = 142; root mean square error of approximation = 0.06; comparative fit index = 0.98; Tucker-Lewis Index = 0.97; standardized root mean square residual = 0.05). Structural equation modeling revealed relationships from health and nutrition to food preparation (0.25, P < 0.001), planning and/or decision-making (0.57, P < 0.001), taste (-0.14, P < 0.001), and convenience (-0.31, P < 0.001). The structural equation model demonstrated adequate fit (adjusted goodness of fit = 0.91; comparative fit index = 0.93; non-normed fit index = 0.91; root mean square error of approximation = 0.06; and standardized root mean square residual = 0.07) and a significant chi-square test (χ2 = 628.92; degrees of freedom = 171, P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Young adults consider food literacy-related factors and behavioral concerns when making food choices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwadernica C Rhea
- School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA
| | - Melissa W Cater
- Department of Agricultural and Extension Education and Evaluation, Louisiana State University and Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, LA
| | - Kevin McCarter
- Department of Experimental Statistics, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA
| | - Georgianna Tuuri
- School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Louisiana State University and Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, LA.
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Farmer N, Lee LJ, Powell-Wiley TM, Wallen GR. Cooking Frequency and Perception of Diet among US Adults Are Associated with US Healthy and Healthy Mediterranean-Style Dietary Related Classes: A Latent Class Profile Analysis. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12113268. [PMID: 33113837 PMCID: PMC7693972 DOI: 10.3390/nu12113268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/1970] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Meal habits are associated with overall dietary quality and favorable dietary patterns determined by the Healthy Eating Index (HEI). However, within dietary patterns, complexities of food combinations that are not apparent through composite score determination may occur. Also, explorations of these food combinations with cooking and perceived diet quality (PDQ) remain unknown. Methods: Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2007–2010 were utilized to determine the frequency of cooking at home and PDQ, along with sociodemographic variables. Latent class profile analysis was performed to determine person-centered data-driven analysis using the dietary index, HEI-2010, at both the daily and dinner meal-time levels. Multinomial logistic regression analysis was utilized to evaluate the association of dietary patterns with all covariates. Results: For daily HEI, five distinct dietary classes were identified. For dinner HEI, six classes were identified. In comparison to the standard American diet classes, home cooking was positively associated with daily (p < 0.05) and dinner (p < 0.001) dietary classes that had the highest amounts of total vegetable and greens/beans intake. PDQ was positively associated with these classes at the daily level (p < 0.001), but negatively associated with healthier classes at the dinner level (p < 0.001). Conclusion: The use of latent class profile analysis at the daily and dinner meal-time levels identified that food choices coalesce into diverse intakes, as shown by identified dietary classes. Home cooking frequency could be considered a positive factor associated with higher vegetable intake, particularly greens/beans, at the daily and dinner levels. At the same time, the perception of diet quality has a positive association only with daily choices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Farmer
- National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA; (L.J.L.); (G.R.W.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Lena J. Lee
- National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA; (L.J.L.); (G.R.W.)
| | - Tiffany M. Powell-Wiley
- Social Determinants of Obesity and Cardiovascular Risk Laboratory, Cardiovascular Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA;
- Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Gwenyth R. Wallen
- National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA; (L.J.L.); (G.R.W.)
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The impact of intuitive eating v. pinned eating on behavioural markers: a preliminary investigation. J Nutr Sci 2020; 9:e34. [PMID: 32913645 PMCID: PMC7443803 DOI: 10.1017/jns.2020.25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Two promising strategies to manage eating behaviour are intuitive eating (IE; following hunger) and pinned eating (PE; ignoring hunger/eating at specific times of the day). This study compared IE and PE on behavioural markers. Participants (n 56) were randomly assigned to IE (n 28) or PE (n 28) and given instructions to follow for 1 week. Drive to eat, behaviour, behavioural intentions and self-efficacy were measured at baseline and follow-up. Participants also evaluated their specific intervention. Comparable changes over time were found for both conditions for many measures. Significant conditions by time interactions were found for healthy snacking, total self-efficacy and self-efficacy for weight loss: those following IE showed an increase in each of these outcomes compared to those following PE who showed no change. The IE group found their intervention more useful than those following PE. Further research is needed to build on these preliminary findings.
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47
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Coro DG, Hutchinson AD, Banks S, Coates AM. Diet and cognitive function in cancer survivors with cancer-related cognitive impairment: A qualitative study. Eur J Cancer Care (Engl) 2020; 29:e13303. [PMID: 32875677 DOI: 10.1111/ecc.13303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify cancer survivors' perceptions of the role diet plays in their cognitive function, and how their cancer-related cognitive changes influence their diet. METHODS Cancer survivors diagnosed with cancer in the past 5 years, not on active treatment, and with self-reported cognitive changes since diagnosis were recruited from the general population. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 15 Australian breast (n = 13) and colorectal (n = 2) survivors (mean time since diagnosed: 27.0 months ± SD=16.8). Questions related to how their diet and cognitive changes influenced each other. Interviews were recorded, and transcripts were analysed using thematic analysis. RESULTS Four themes related to how diet impacted cognition: (a) directly (e.g. healthy diet improves cognition), (b) indirectly (e.g. diet affects tiredness which affects cognition); (c) no impact; and (d) potentially (e.g. poorer diet quality would worsen cognition). Three themes emerged for how cognitive changes were thought to impact survivors' diets: (a) planning meals is harder; (b) cooking is more difficult and complex; and, (c) choosing healthy is more challenging. CONCLUSIONS Many cancer survivors perceived a bidirectional influence between diet and cognition that has cognitive and behavioural consequences. Diet could be investigated as a modifiable lifestyle behaviour to improve cancer-related cognitive impairment and fatigue. Survivors may benefit from dietary guidance with meal planning and preparing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel G Coro
- Behaviour-Brain-Body Research Centre, UniSA Justice & Society, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Amanda D Hutchinson
- Behaviour-Brain-Body Research Centre, UniSA Justice & Society, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Siobhan Banks
- Behaviour-Brain-Body Research Centre, UniSA Justice & Society, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Alison M Coates
- Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), School of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
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Hu EA, Nguyen V, Langheier J, Shurney D. Weight Reduction Through a Digital Nutrition and Food Purchasing Platform Among Users With Obesity: Longitudinal Study. J Med Internet Res 2020; 22:e19634. [PMID: 32792332 PMCID: PMC7495263 DOI: 10.2196/19634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Digital nutrition apps that monitor or provide recommendations on diet have been found to be effective in behavior change and weight reduction among individuals with obesity. However, there is less evidence on how integration of personalized nutrition recommendations and changing the food purchasing environment through online meal planning and grocery delivery, meal kits, and grocery incentives impacts weight loss among individuals with obesity. Objective The objective of this observational longitudinal study was to examine weight loss and predictors of weight loss among individuals with obesity who are users of a digital nutrition platform that integrates tools to provide nutrition recommendations and changes in the food purchasing environment grounded in behavioral theory. Methods We included 8977 adults with obesity who used the digital Foodsmart platform, created by Zipongo, Inc, DBA Foodsmart between January 2013 and April 2020. We retrospectively analyzed user characteristics and their associations with weight loss. Participants reported age, gender, height, at least 2 measures of weight, and usual dietary intake. Healthy Diet Score, a score to measure overall diet quality, was calculated based on responses to a food frequency questionnaire. We used paired t tests to compare differences in baseline and final weights and baseline and final Healthy Diet Scores. We used univariate and multivariate logistic regression models to estimate odds ratios and 95% CI of achieving 5% weight loss by gender, age, baseline BMI, Healthy Diet Score, change in Healthy Diet Score, and duration of enrollment. We conducted stratified analyses to examine mean percent weight change by enrollment duration and gender, age, baseline BMI, and change in Healthy Diet Score. Results Over a median (IQR) of 9.9 (0.03-54.7) months of enrollment, 59% of participants lost weight. Of the participants who used the Foodsmart platform for at least 24 months, 33.3% achieved 5% weight loss. In the fully adjusted logistic regression model, we found that baseline BMI (OR 1.02, 95% CI 1.02-1.03; P<.001), baseline Healthy Diet Score (OR 1.06, 95% CI 1.05-1.08; P<.001), greater change in Healthy Diet Score (OR 1.12, 95% CI 1.11-1.14; P<.001), and enrollment length (OR 1.28, 95% CI 1.23-1.32; P<.001) were all significantly associated with higher odds of achieving at least 5% weight loss. Conclusions This study found that a digital app that provides personalized nutrition recommendations and change in one’s food purchasing environment appears to be successful in meaningfully reducing weight among individuals with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily A Hu
- Zipongo, Inc, DBA Foodsmart, San Francisco, CA, United States.,Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Viet Nguyen
- Zipongo, Inc, DBA Foodsmart, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Jason Langheier
- Zipongo, Inc, DBA Foodsmart, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Dexter Shurney
- Zipongo, Inc, DBA Foodsmart, San Francisco, CA, United States.,American College of Lifestyle Medicine, Chesterfield, MO, United States
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Ahmed S, Dupuis V, Tyron M, Running Crane M, Garvin T, Pierre M, Byker Shanks C. Intended and Unintended Consequences of a Community-Based Fresh Fruit and Vegetable Dietary Intervention on the Flathead Reservation of the Confederated Salish and Kootenai Tribes. Front Public Health 2020; 8:331. [PMID: 32850578 PMCID: PMC7426441 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2020.00331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tribal communities in the United States face disparities to accessing healthy foods including high-quality produce. A six-week fresh fruit and vegetable (FV) dietary intervention, Eat Fresh, was co-designed with a Community Advisory Board of local food and nutrition stakeholders on the Flathead Reservation of the Confederated Salish and Kootenai Tribes in Montana. Eat Fresh was implemented as a pilot study with low-income participants (n = 19) enrolled in the Food Distribution Program on Indian Reservations toward improving dietary quality and perceptions of well-being. We evaluated Eat Fresh at pre- and post-intervention on the basis on food procurement practices, dietary quality using the Healthy Eating Index (HEI), Body Mass Index (BMI), blood pressure, and participant perceptions of health. Participants reported consuming a greater number of types of FVs daily during the intervention (p < 0.005 for fruits and p > 0.19 for vegetables). Overall, participants found Eat Fresh moderately challenging to adhere to with the main barriers being access to ingredients in recipes (39.51% of responses), time constraints to cook (35.80%), and lack of financial resources (33.33%). Dietary quality improved during the intervention from a mean HEI score of 48.82 (± 11.88) out of 100-56.92 (± 11.88; (p > 0.12). HEI scores for fruit consumption significantly increased (p < 0.05) from 1.69 (out of 5 points) during the pre-intervention to 2.96 during the post-intervention. BMI and blood pressure increased for several participants, highlighting an unintended consequence. Most participants responded that FV consumption made them feel either very good (51.16%) or good about their health (43.02%) with the majority (83%) perceiving an improvement in energy. Findings of this pilot study highlight both intended and unintended consequences of a dietary intervention that provide lessons in co-designing community-based programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selena Ahmed
- Food and Health Lab, Sustainable Food Systems Program, Department of Health and Human Development, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, United States
| | - Virgil Dupuis
- Extension, Salish Kootenai College, Pablo, MT, United States
| | - Michael Tyron
- Extension, Salish Kootenai College, Pablo, MT, United States
| | | | - Teresa Garvin
- Gretchen Swanson Center for Nutrition, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Michael Pierre
- Flathead Food Distribution Program on Indian Reservations, Pablo, MT, United States
| | - Carmen Byker Shanks
- Food and Health Lab, Sustainable Food Systems Program, Department of Health and Human Development, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, United States
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The Metabolic Concept of Meal Sequence vs. Satiety: Glycemic and Oxidative Responses with Reference to Inflammation Risk, Protective Principles and Mediterranean Diet. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11102373. [PMID: 31590352 PMCID: PMC6835480 DOI: 10.3390/nu11102373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 08/31/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
With increasing exposure to eating opportunities and postprandial conditions becoming dominant states, acute effects of meals are garnering interest. In this narrative review, meal components, combinations and course sequence were questioned vis-à-vis resultant postprandial responses, including satiety, glycemic, oxidative and inflammatory risks/outcomes vs. protective principles, with reference to the Mediterranean diet. Representative scientific literature was reviewed and explained, and corresponding recommendations discussed and illustrated. Starting meals with foods, courses and/or preloads high in innate/added/incorporated water and/or fibre, followed by protein-based courses, delaying carbohydrates and fatty foods and minimizing highly-processed/sweetened hedonic foods, would increase satiety-per-calorie vs. obesogenic passive overconsumption. Similarly, starting with high-water/fibre dishes, followed by high-protein foods, oils/fats, and delayed/reduced slowly-digested whole/complex carbohydrate sources, optionally closing with simpler carbohydrates/sugars, would reduce glycaemic response. Likewise, starting with foods high in innate/added/incorporated water/fibre/antioxidants, high monounsaturated fatty acid foods/oils, light proteins and whole/complex carbohydrate foods, with foods/oils low in n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and n-6:n-3 PUFA ratios, and minimal-to-no red meat and highly/ultra-processed foods/lipids, would reduce oxidative/inflammatory response. Pyramids illustrating representative meal sequences, from most-to-least protective foods, visually communicate similarities between axes, suggesting potential unification for optimal meal sequence, consistent with anti-inflammatory nutrition and Mediterranean diet/meal principles, warranting application and outcome evaluation.
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