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Wang Y, Xu G, Chen X, Shang Y, Lu G. Changes in combined toxicity of benzophenone-3 and humic acid on Daphnia magna and zebrafish during chlorination disinfection process. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 477:135280. [PMID: 39059296 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.135280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Conventional wastewater treatment methods cannot completely remove the ultraviolet (UV) filters or dissolved organic matter. The transformation characteristics of these substances during chlorination disinfection and the varying species-specific toxicities of their combinations remain unclear. Here, Daphnia magna and zebrafish were exposed to benzophenone-3 (BP-3) and humic acid (HA) before and after chlorination disinfection. The results from chemical indicators showed that chlorination treatment decreased UV254 values and changed the intensity of parallel factors in three-dimensional fluorescence. Based on chemical analysis, the chlorine concentration and chlorination time for the toxicity experiments were set at 5 mg/L and 6 h, respectively. Exposure to HA and BP-3 before and after chlorination decreased the heart rate (by 1.37-28.12 %) in both species. However, species-specific responses, including survival rate, swimming distance, and expression of genes related to neurodevelopment, growth, and oxidative stress, were induced by chlorination. Chlorination reduced the impact of HA exposure but worsened the effects of HA and BP-3 co-exposure on D. magna. However, in zebrafish, the toxic effects intensified in most of the exposure groups after chlorination. Correlation analysis showed that the parallel factors of three-dimensional fluorescence were correlated with toxic effects on zebrafish, whereas UV254 was more significantly correlated with toxic effects on D. magna. This study provides insights into the combined toxicity of UV filters and dissolved organic matter in different aquatic organisms during chlorination, which is useful for risk control and optimization of the chlorination process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghua Wang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lake of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China.
| | - Guanhua Xu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lake of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China
| | - Xi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lake of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China
| | - Yujia Shang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lake of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China
| | - Guanghua Lu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lake of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China
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Cho H, Sung SE, Jang G, Esterhuizen M, Ryu CS, Kim Y, Kim YJ. Adverse effects of the 5-alpha-reductase inhibitor finasteride on Daphnia magna: Endocrine system and lipid metabolism disruption. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 281:116606. [PMID: 38896907 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Finasteride, a steroid 5-alpha reductase inhibitor, is commonly used for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia and hair loss. However, despite continued use, its environmental implications have not been thoroughly investigated. Thus, we investigated the acute and chronic adverse impacts of finasteride on Daphnia magna, a crucial planktonic crustacean in freshwater ecosystems selected as bioindicator organism for understanding the ecotoxicological effects. Chronic exposure (for 23 days) to finasteride negatively affected development and reproduction, leading to reduced fecundity, delayed first brood, reduced growth, and reduced neonate size. Additionally, acute exposure (< 24 h) caused decreased expression levels of genes crucial for reproduction and development, especially EcR-A/B (ecdysone receptors), Jhe (juvenile hormone esterase), and Vtg2 (vitellogenin), with oxidative stress-related genes. Untargeted lipidomics/metabolomic analyses revealed lipidomic alteration, including 19 upregulated and 4 downregulated enriched lipid ontology categories, and confirmed downregulation of metabolites. Pathway analysis implicated significant effects on metabolic pathways, including the pentose phosphate pathway, histidine metabolism, beta-alanine metabolism, as well as alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism. This comprehensive study unravels the intricate molecular and metabolic responses of D. magna to finasteride exposure, underscoring the multifaceted impacts of this anti-androgenic compound on a keystone species of freshwater ecosystems. The findings emphasize the importance of understanding the environmental repercussions of widely used pharmaceuticals to protect biodiversity in aquatic ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunki Cho
- Environmental Safety Group, KIST Europe Forschungsgesellschaft mbH, Saarbrücken 66123, Germany; Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Si-Eun Sung
- Biologische Experimentalphysik, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Giup Jang
- MetaDx Laboratory, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Maranda Esterhuizen
- University of Helsinki, Ecosystems and Environment Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Lahti, Finland
| | - Chang Seon Ryu
- Environmental Safety Group, KIST Europe Forschungsgesellschaft mbH, Saarbrücken 66123, Germany.
| | - Youngsam Kim
- Environmental Safety Group, KIST Europe Forschungsgesellschaft mbH, Saarbrücken 66123, Germany; Division of Energy & Environment Technology, University of Science & Technology, Daejeon 34113, South Korea.
| | - Young Jun Kim
- Environmental Safety Group, KIST Europe Forschungsgesellschaft mbH, Saarbrücken 66123, Germany; Division of Energy & Environment Technology, University of Science & Technology, Daejeon 34113, South Korea
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Campli G, Volovych O, Kim K, Veldsman WP, Drage HB, Sheizaf I, Lynch S, Chipman AD, Daley AC, Robinson-Rechavi M, Waterhouse RM. The moulting arthropod: a complete genetic toolkit review. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2024. [PMID: 39039636 DOI: 10.1111/brv.13123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
Exoskeletons are a defining character of all arthropods that provide physical support for their segmented bodies and appendages as well as protection from the environment and predation. This ubiquitous yet evolutionarily variable feature has been instrumental in facilitating the adoption of a variety of lifestyles and the exploitation of ecological niches across all environments. Throughout the radiation that produced the more than one million described modern species, adaptability afforded by segmentation and exoskeletons has led to a diversity that is unrivalled amongst animals. However, because of the limited extensibility of exoskeleton chitin and cuticle components, they must be periodically shed and replaced with new larger ones, notably to accommodate the growing individuals encased within. Therefore, arthropods grow discontinuously by undergoing periodic moulting events, which follow a series of steps from the preparatory pre-moult phase to ecdysis itself and post-moult maturation of new exoskeletons. Each event represents a particularly vulnerable period in an arthropod's life cycle, so processes must be tightly regulated and meticulously executed to ensure successful transitions for normal growth and development. Decades of research in representative arthropods provide a foundation of understanding of the mechanisms involved. Building on this, studies continue to develop and test hypotheses on the presence and function of molecular components, including neuropeptides, hormones, and receptors, as well as the so-called early, late, and fate genes, across arthropod diversity. Here, we review the literature to develop a comprehensive overview of the status of accumulated knowledge of the genetic toolkit governing arthropod moulting. From biosynthesis and regulation of ecdysteroid and sesquiterpenoid hormones, to factors involved in hormonal stimulation responses and exoskeleton remodelling, we identify commonalities and differences, as well as highlighting major knowledge gaps, across arthropod groups. We examine the available evidence supporting current models of how components operate together to prepare for, execute, and recover from ecdysis, comparing reports from Chelicerata, Myriapoda, Crustacea, and Hexapoda. Evidence is generally highly taxonomically imbalanced, with most reports based on insect study systems. Biases are also evident in research on different moulting phases and processes, with the early triggers and late effectors generally being the least well explored. Our synthesis contrasts knowledge based on reported observations with reasonably plausible assumptions given current taxonomic sampling, and exposes weak assumptions or major gaps that need addressing. Encouragingly, advances in genomics are driving a diversification of tractable study systems by facilitating the cataloguing of putative genetic toolkits in previously under-explored taxa. Analysis of genome and transcriptome data supported by experimental investigations have validated the presence of an "ultra-conserved" core of arthropod genes involved in moulting processes. The molecular machinery has likely evolved with elaborations on this conserved pathway backbone, but more taxonomic exploration is needed to characterise lineage-specific changes and novelties. Furthermore, linking these to transformative innovations in moulting processes across Arthropoda remains hampered by knowledge gaps and hypotheses based on untested assumptions. Promisingly however, emerging from the synthesis is a framework that highlights research avenues from the underlying genetics to the dynamic molecular biology through to the complex physiology of moulting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Campli
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, Quartier UNIL-Sorge, Bâtiment Biophore, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
- SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Quartier Sorge, Bâtiment Amphipôle, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
| | - Olga Volovych
- The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus - Givat Ram, Jerusalem, 9190401, Israel
| | - Kenneth Kim
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, Quartier UNIL-Sorge, Bâtiment Biophore, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
- SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Quartier Sorge, Bâtiment Amphipôle, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
| | - Werner P Veldsman
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, Quartier UNIL-Sorge, Bâtiment Biophore, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
- SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Quartier Sorge, Bâtiment Amphipôle, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
| | - Harriet B Drage
- Institute of Earth Sciences, Quartier UNIL-Mouline, Bâtiment Géopolis, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
| | - Idan Sheizaf
- The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus - Givat Ram, Jerusalem, 9190401, Israel
| | - Sinéad Lynch
- Institute of Earth Sciences, Quartier UNIL-Mouline, Bâtiment Géopolis, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
| | - Ariel D Chipman
- The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus - Givat Ram, Jerusalem, 9190401, Israel
| | - Allison C Daley
- Institute of Earth Sciences, Quartier UNIL-Mouline, Bâtiment Géopolis, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
| | - Marc Robinson-Rechavi
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, Quartier UNIL-Sorge, Bâtiment Biophore, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
- SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Quartier Sorge, Bâtiment Amphipôle, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
| | - Robert M Waterhouse
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, Quartier UNIL-Sorge, Bâtiment Biophore, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
- SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Quartier Sorge, Bâtiment Amphipôle, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
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Razak MR, Wee SY, Yusoff FM, Yusof ZNB, Aris AZ. Zooplankton-based adverse outcome pathways: A tool for assessing endocrine disrupting compounds in aquatic environments. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 252:119045. [PMID: 38704014 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.119045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
Endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) pose a significant ecological risk, particularly in aquatic ecosystems. EDCs have become a focal point in ecotoxicology, and their identification and regulation have become a priority. Zooplankton have gained global recognition as bioindicators, benefiting from rigorous standardization and regulatory validation processes. This review aims to provide a comprehensive summary of zooplankton-based adverse outcome pathways (AOPs) with a focus on EDCs as toxicants and the utilisation of freshwater zooplankton as bioindicators in ecotoxicological assessments. This review presents case studies in which zooplankton have been used in the development of AOPs, emphasizing the identification of molecular initiating events (MIEs) and key events (KEs) specific to zooplankton exposed to EDCs. Zooplankton-based AOPs may become an important resource for understanding the intricate processes by which EDCs impair the endocrine system. Furthermore, the data sources, experimental approaches, advantages, and challenges associated with zooplankton-based AOPs are discussed. Zooplankton-based AOPs framework can provide vital tools for consolidating toxicological knowledge into a structured toxicity pathway of EDCs, offering a transformative platform for facilitating enhanced risk assessment and chemical regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Raznisyafiq Razak
- Department of Environment, Faculty of Forestry and Environment, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Sze Yee Wee
- Department of Environment, Faculty of Forestry and Environment, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Institute of Biodiversity and Environmental Conservation, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, 94300, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Fatimah Md Yusoff
- International Institute of Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 71050, Port Dickson, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia; Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Zetty Norhana Balia Yusof
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ahmad Zaharin Aris
- Department of Environment, Faculty of Forestry and Environment, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; International Institute of Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 71050, Port Dickson, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia.
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Yuan H, Cai P, Zhang W, Jin S, Jiang S, Xiong Y, Gong Y, Qiao H, Fu H. Identification of genes regulated by 20-Hydroxyecdysone in Macrobrachium nipponense using comparative transcriptomic analysis. BMC Genomics 2024; 25:35. [PMID: 38183039 PMCID: PMC10768235 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09927-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Macrobrachium nipponense is a freshwater prawn of economic importance in China. Its reproductive molt is crucial for seedling rearing and directly impacts the industry's economic efficiency. 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) controls various physiological behaviors in crustaceans, among which is the initiation of molt. Previous studies have shown that 20E plays a vital role in regulating molt and oviposition in M. nipponense. However, research on the molecular mechanisms underlying the reproductive molt and role of 20E in M. nipponense is still limited. RESULTS A total of 240.24 Gb of data was obtained from 18 tissue samples by transcriptome sequencing, with > 6 Gb of clean reads per sample. The efficiency of comparison with the reference transcriptome ranged from 87.05 to 92.48%. A total of 2532 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified. Eighty-seven DEGs associated with molt or 20E were screened in the transcriptomes of the different tissues sampled in both the experimental and control groups. The reliability of the RNA sequencing data was confirmed using Quantitative Real-Time PCR. The expression levels of the eight strong candidate genes showed significant variation at the different stages of molt. CONCLUSION This study established the first transcriptome library for the different tissues of M. nipponense in response to 20E and demonstrated the dominant role of 20E in the molting process of this species. The discovery of a large number of 20E-regulated strong candidate DEGs further confirms the extensive regulatory role of 20E and provides a foundation for the deeper understanding of its molecular regulatory mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huwei Yuan
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi, 214081, China
| | - Pengfei Cai
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi, 214081, China
| | - Wenyi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, 214081, China
| | - Shubo Jin
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, 214081, China
| | - Sufei Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, 214081, China
| | - Yiwei Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, 214081, China
| | - Yongsheng Gong
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, 214081, China
| | - Hui Qiao
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi, 214081, China.
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, 214081, China.
| | - Hongtuo Fu
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi, 214081, China.
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, 214081, China.
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Alarie H, Côté N, Gaudreau L, Houde M, Segura PA. Are 20-hydroxyecdysone and related genes potential biomarkers of sublethal exposure to lipid-altering contaminants? ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:126104-126115. [PMID: 38010540 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-31087-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
In Daphnia magna, 20-hydroecdysone (20E) is the main molting hormone and its metabolism is of interest to identify new biomarkers of exposure to contaminants. The present study aimed to (i) assess baseline levels of 20E and transcription levels of four related-genes (shade, neverland, ultraspiracle, and ecdysteroid receptor); and (ii) evaluate effects in D. magna after 21 days of exposure to fenarimol (anti-ecdysteroid) and a mixture of gemfibrozil and clofibric acid (lipid-lowering drugs) at sublethal concentrations. Endpoints included transcription of the target genes and quantification of 20E, mortality, and reproduction of daphnids. Baseline results showed that average responses were relatively similar and did not vary more than 2-fold. However, intra-day variation was generally high and could be explained by sampling individuals with slightly different stages of their development. Exposure tests indicated a significant decrease in daphnid reproduction following chronic exposure to a concentration of 565 μg/L of fenarimol. However, no difference was observed between the control and exposed groups for any of the investigated genes, nor for the levels of 20E after 21 days of exposure. Following exposition to gemfibrozil and clofibric acid at 1 μg/L, no changes were observed for the measured parameters. These results suggest that changes in transcription levels of the target genes and concentrations of 20E may not be sensitive endpoints that can be used as biomarkers of sublethal exposure to the target compounds in D. magna. Measuring multiple time points instead of a single measure as well as additional molecular endpoints obtained from transcriptomic and metabolomic studies could afford more insights on the changes occurring in exposed daphnids to lipid-altering compounds and identify efficient biomarkers of sublethal exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Alarie
- Department of Chemistry, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, J1K 2R1, Canada
| | - Nadia Côté
- Department of Biology, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, J1K 2R1, Canada
| | - Luc Gaudreau
- Department of Biology, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, J1K 2R1, Canada
| | - Magali Houde
- Aquatic Contaminants Research Division, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Montreal, QC, H2Y 2E5, Canada
| | - Pedro A Segura
- Department of Chemistry, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, J1K 2R1, Canada.
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Zheng Y, Zhang W, Xiong Y, Wang J, Jin S, Qiao H, Jiang S, Fu H. Dual roles of CYP302A1 in regulating ovarian maturation and molting in Macrobrachium nipponense. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2023; 232:106336. [PMID: 37247747 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2023.106336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
CYP302A1 is a member of the Halloween genes in the cytochrome P450 supergene family, which play an important regulatory role in the synthesis of 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) in crustaceans and insects. In this study, we found that the Mn-CYP302A1sequence included typical CYP450 conserved domains. Phylogenic showed that it is closely related to crustaceans and insects. q-PCR analysis indicated that Mn-CYP302A1 was highly expressed in the ovaries and peaked before ovarian maturation. Mn-CYP302A1 expression was higher at the post-larval stage of day 15 than at other stages of embryogenesis. In situ hybridization indicated that Mn-CYP302A1 was mainly distributed in the nucleus, yolk granules, cell membrane and cytoplasm To further establish the function of CYP302A1, a 21-day RNA interference experiment was conducted. On day 16, the Gonad Somatic Index of the control group and the experimental group showed significant differences, with GSI of 11.72% in the control group and 3.21% in the experimental group. The cumulative proportion of the second entry into stage O-Ⅲ was 100% in the control group, while it was 41.67% in the experimental group on day 21. The ecdysone content was 8.91nmol/L in the control group and 6.11nmol/L in the experimental group on day 9. A significant difference in the molting proportion between the control group and the experimental group was also observed (49% in the control group and 34% in the experimental group) on day 16. Statistical results showed that the average molting cycle of the control group was 14.5 days, while that of the experimental group was 16.5 days. However, the morphological structure of ovarian tissue did not abnormal change. Therefore, the results of this study suggest that Mn-CYP302A1 can promote ovarian maturation and molting in female M. nipponense.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yalu Zheng
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Wenyi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Yiwei Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Jisheng Wang
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Shubo Jin
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Hui Qiao
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China.
| | - Sufei Jiang
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China.
| | - Hongtuo Fu
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China.
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He Y, Zhang Y, Zhou W, Freitas R, Zhang Y, Zhang Y. Combined exposure of polystyrene microplastics and carbamazepine induced transgenerational effects on the reproduction of Daphnia magna. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:67596-67607. [PMID: 37115439 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-27270-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Polystyrene microplastics (PS MPs) and carbamazepine (CBZ) are frequently detected in freshwater ecosystems. However, the transgenerational effects of PS MPs and CBZ on the reproduction of aquatic organisms and the corresponding mechanisms are still unclear. In the present study, Daphnia magna was used to evaluate the reproductive toxicity in two consecutive generations (F0, F1). The molting and reproduction parameters, the expression of reproduction, and the toxic metabolism genes were examined after 21-day exposure. A significantly enhanced toxicity was observed in the presence of 5 μm PS MPs and CBZ. Chronic exposure results showed that the 5 μm PS MPs alone, CBZ alone, and their mixtures exerted significant reproductive toxicity of D. magna. The results of RT-qPCR showed transcripts of genes related to reproduction (cyp314, ecr-b, cut, vtg1, vtg2, dmrt93b) and toxic metabolism (cyp4, gst) were altered in both the F0 and F1. In addition, for the F0, gene transcriptional changes of reproduction were not fully translated into physiological performance, probably due to the compensatory responses caused by the low dose of PS MPs alone, CBZ alone, and their mixtures. Whereas for the F1, the trade-off between reproduction and toxic metabolism at gene levels was observed, which translated into a significant reduction in the total neonate number of F1. These findings suggest that long-term exposure to MPs and CBZ can cause serious reproduction damage to aquatic animals, which needs to be given sufficient attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yide He
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiqun Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhou
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, People's Republic of China
| | - Rosa Freitas
- Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Yunhai Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongjun Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, People's Republic of China.
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Wang K, Liang Y, Duan M, Che W, He L. Chronic toxicity of broflanilide in Daphnia magna: changes in molting, behavior, and gene expression. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:54846-54856. [PMID: 36881221 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-26255-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Broflanilide is a novel pesticide used in agriculture that binds to unique receptors on pests; however, the widespread use of broflanilide has led to toxicity in Daphnia magna. At present, little information on the potential threats broflanilide imposes on D. magna is available. Therefore, the present study examined the chronic toxicity of broflanilide in D. magna by comparing changes in molting, neurotransmitter function, and behavior. The results showed that broflanilide caused chronic toxicity in D. magna at a concentration of 8.45 μg/L, and growth, development, reproduction, and the development of offspring were affected. In addition, broflanilide affected the molting of D. magna by significantly inhibiting the expression of chitinase, ecdysteroid, and related genes. Broflanilide also affected the expression of γ-glutamic acid, glutamine, gamma-aminobutyric acid, 5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-hydroxytryptophan, dopa, and dopamine. Furthermore, the swimming distance and speed of D. magna were reduced. Taken together, the results demonstrate the chronic toxicity and exposure risk of broflanilide in D. magna.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Wang
- Plant Protection College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China.
| | - Yaping Liang
- Plant Protection College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Manman Duan
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Wunan Che
- Plant Protection College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Lu He
- Plant Protection College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
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Qi H, Cao H, Zhao Y, Cao Y, Jin Q, Wang Y, Zhang K, Deng D. Cloning and functional analysis of the molting gene CYP302A1 of Daphnia sinensis. Front Zool 2023; 20:2. [PMID: 36635746 PMCID: PMC9835317 DOI: 10.1186/s12983-023-00483-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Molting is an important physiological process in the growth and development of arthropoda, which is mainly regulated by juvenile hormone and ecdysone. CYP302A1 is a key enzyme which plays a critical role in the synthesis of ecdysone in insects, but it has not been identified in cladocera. RESULTS The CYP302Al gene of Daphnia sinensis was cloned and its function was analyzed in this paper. The CYP302Al gene of D. sinensis was 5926 bp in full-length, with an open reading frame (ORF) of 1596 bp that encoded 531 amino acids (aa), a molecular weight of 60.82 kDa and an isoelectric point of 9.29. The amino acid sequence analysis revealed that there were five characteristic conserved regions of cytochrome P450 family (namely helix-C, helix-K, helix-I, PERF and heme-binding). In dsRNA mediated experiment, the expression level of CYP302A1 gene decreased significantly (knock-down of 56.22%) in the 5% Escherichia coli concentration treatment. In addition, the expression levels of EcR and USP and HR3 genes in the downstream were also significantly decreased, whereas that of FTZ-f1 gene increased significantly. In the 5% E. coli treatment, the molting time at maturity of D. sinensis prolonged, and the development of embryos in the incubation capsule appeared abnormal or disintegrated. The whole-mount in situ hybridization showed that the CYP302A1 gene of D. sinensis had six expression sites before RNA interference (RNAi), which located in the first antennal ganglion, ovary, cecae, olfactory hair, thoracic limb and tail spine. However, the expression signal of the CYP302A1 gene of D. sinensis disappeared in the first antennal ganglion and obviously attenuated in the ovary after RNAi. CONCLUSION The CYP302A1 gene played an important role in the ecdysone synthesis pathway of D. sinensis, and the knock-down of the gene affected the molting and reproduction of D. sinensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiying Qi
- grid.440755.70000 0004 1793 4061School of Life Science, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, 235000 People’s Republic of China
| | - Huijuan Cao
- grid.440755.70000 0004 1793 4061School of Life Science, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, 235000 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yajie Zhao
- grid.440755.70000 0004 1793 4061School of Life Science, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, 235000 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yaqin Cao
- grid.440755.70000 0004 1793 4061School of Life Science, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, 235000 People’s Republic of China
| | - Qide Jin
- grid.440755.70000 0004 1793 4061School of Life Science, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, 235000 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yeping Wang
- grid.440755.70000 0004 1793 4061School of Life Science, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, 235000 People’s Republic of China
| | - Kun Zhang
- grid.440755.70000 0004 1793 4061School of Life Science, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, 235000 People’s Republic of China
| | - Daogui Deng
- grid.440755.70000 0004 1793 4061School of Life Science, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, 235000 People’s Republic of China
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11
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Wang D, Yang G, Ru S, Zhang Z, Li Y, Wang J. Herbicide prometryn adversely affects the development and reproduction of Tigriopus japonicus by disturbing the ecdysone signal pathway and chitin metabolic pathway. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2023; 254:106378. [PMID: 36571890 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2022.106378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Prometryn, a widely used triazine herbicide in agriculture and aquaculture, has been commonly detected in marine environments, but its effects on the marine copepod are unknown. In this study, marine copepod Tigriopus japonicus was chronically exposed to environmentally relevant concentrations of prometryn to investigate its impacts and potential mechanism of action. The results showed that 0.5, 5, and 50 μg/L prometryn delayed the first spawning time and hatching time, reduced the fecundity, and inhibited the population growth rate. Moreover, exposure to 0.5, 5 and 50 μg/L prometryn decreased food ingestion, the content of C and N elements, nutrient accumulation and body size, but increased the content of 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E). Transcriptome analysis showed that 50 μg/L prometryn down-regulated 1431 genes, which were mainly enriched in lysosome pathway and chitin binding and cuticle construction process. The results of qRT-PCR showed that the expression of key genes involved in juvenile hormone synthesis and chitin metabolic pathways were also inhibited after prometryn exposure. Molecular docking revealed that prometryn could bind to ecdysone receptor (EcR) and UDP-N-acetylglucosamine pyrophosphorylase (UAP), components of the ecdysteroid nuclear receptor complex. Therefore, environmental relevant prometryn delayed the molting and development of T. japonicus by disrupting the ecdysone signal pathway and chitin metabolic pathway through binding to EcR and UAP. This study provides new insights into toxic effects and molecular mechanisms of prometryn on marine copepods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Wang
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, 266003, Shandong Province, China
| | - Guangxin Yang
- Laboratory of Quality Safety and Processing for Aquatic Product, East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai, 200090, China
| | - Shaoguo Ru
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, 266003, Shandong Province, China
| | - Zhenzhong Zhang
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, 266003, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yuejiao Li
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, 266003, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jun Wang
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, 266003, Shandong Province, China.
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12
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Jiang S, Zhang W, Xiong Y, Cheng D, Wang J, Jin S, Gong Y, Wu Y, Qiao H, Fu H. Hepatopancreas transcriptome analyses provide new insights into the molecular regulatory mechanism of fast ovary maturation in Macrobrachium nipponense. BMC Genomics 2022; 23:625. [PMID: 36045344 PMCID: PMC9429573 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-022-08851-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Macrobrachium nipponense is an economically and ecologically important freshwater prawn that is widely farmed in China. In contrast to other species of marine shrimp, M. nipponense has a short sexual maturity period, resulting in not only high stocking densities, but also a reduced survival rate and increased risk of hypoxia. Therefore, there is an urgent need to study the molecular mechanisms underlying fast ovary maturation in this species. Results Comparative transcriptome analysis was performed using hepatopancreatic tissue from female M. nipponense across five ovarian maturation stages to explore differentially expressed genes and pathways involved in ovarian maturation. In total, 118.01 Gb of data were generated from 15 transcriptomes. Approximately 90.46% of clean reads were mapped from the M. nipponense reference genome. A comprehensive comparative analysis between successive ovarian maturation stages generated 230–5814 differentially expressed genes. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment was highly concentrated in the “biological process” category in all four comparison groups, and mainly focused on energy synthesis and accumulation, energy decomposition and transport. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment results showed that, among 20 significantly enriched KEGG pathways, nine were involved in the synthesis, degradation, and metabolism of carbohydrates, lipids, and other nutrient intermediates, suggesting that the hepatopancreas has an important role in energy supply during ovarian maturation. Furthermore, the “Insect hormone biosynthesis” pathway was found to have a dominant role in the development of the ovary from immaturity to maturity, supporting the hypothesis that ecdysteroid- and juvenile hormone-signaling pathways have an important role in hepatopancreas regulation of ovarian maturation. Conclusion Taken together, this study sheds light on the role of the hepatopancreas in the molecular regulation of ovary maturation in M. nipponense. The present study provided new insights for understanding the mechanisms of reproductive regulation in crustaceans.
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Lu X, Zhang L, Wang G, Huang S. Functional analysis of ABCG2 gene in pigment transport of Neocaridina denticulata sinensis. Gene X 2022; 844:146810. [PMID: 35985411 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2022.146810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Many strains of Neocaridina denticulata sinensis (cherry shrimp) possess vivid body colors.However, the molecular underpinnings of these various body colors are scarcely understood. To study the role of the ABCG2 gene in the pigmentation of cherry shrimp, four strains (red, yellow, blue, and wild strains) were sampled. The sequence and expression pattern of ABCG2in tissues and embryos were analyzed, and the distribution of ABCG2 was also explored via WFISH (whole mount flurescence in situ hybridization). And further, RNA interference (RNAi) was used to explore the role of ABCG2 in body color deposition. The results showed that the ABCG2 sequence contained the conserved motif of Walker A, Walker B, Q-loop, d-loop, and H-loop. In tissues, ABCG2 was highly expressed in the epidermis of the four strains. During development stages, it was first expressed at the cleavage stage, then decreased at the gastrula stage, with the lowest expression at the pre-nauplius stage. From the metanauplius stage, its expression level was significantly upregulated until it reached the highest level at the membrane-zoea stage. WFISH showed that ABCG2 was first expressed at the cleavage stage in all four strains, and its distribution was similar from the cleavage stage to the before-zoea stage. The strongest positive signals were observed at the membrane-zoea stage, which was consistent with the qPCR results. Moreover, at the membrane-zoea stage, the positive signals of the four strains were mainly distributed in the compound eye and appendages. RNAi knockdown of ABCG2 encumbered the development of compound eye pigment cells (CEPCs) and erythrophores. It had effects on the expressions of other genes related to body color. These results suggest that ABCG2 is involved in the development of compound eye and the proliferation of erythrophores. This study provides new ideas for the cultivation of novel body colors in cherry shrimp at the molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiqin Lu
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Fisheries College of Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Lili Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Fisheries College of Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China.
| | - Guodong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Fisheries College of Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Shiyu Huang
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Fisheries College of Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China
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Nkoom M, Lu G, Liu J. Chronic toxicity of diclofenac, carbamazepine and their mixture to Daphnia magna: a comparative two-generational study. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:58963-58979. [PMID: 35378650 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-19463-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The chronic toxicity of diclofenac (DCF) and carbamazepine (CBZ) as separate substances and in conjunction with their mixture on Daphnia magna was assessed in the parental (F0) and first filial (F1) generations. The second (F1-B2) and fifth (F1-B5) broods of F1 offspring were investigated and compared. Both drugs and their mixture were exposed to each generation of Daphnia magna for 21 days with life history, behavioural and gene expressions as measured endpoints. After the parental exposure, offspring from these two broods were transferred to a clean medium for a 21-day recovery. Exposure to diclofenac, carbamazepine and their mixture significantly inhibited growth, reproduction, swimming activities, heart rate, thoracic limb activities, reproductive and antioxidant-related genes in the parental as well as the first filial generations. These effects were relatively greater in the F1 generation. This indicates that Daphnia magna's sensitivity improved while its fitness declined over the two generations, which is an indicator of greater energy requirements for maintenance. Besides, the significant inhibition in the antioxidant-related genes implies that oxidative stress occurred in Daphnia magna under the exposure to these drugs. The significant reduction in the reproductive output, moulting frequency and cyp314 gene expression as a result of exposure to CBZ simultaneously obtained herein may indicate that this drug could act as an endocrine disruptor. Most of these significant effects were not recoverable after the 21-day recovery period. The findings reported herein highlight the necessity to include maternal effects in environmental risk assessment processes, considering that pollutant effects are underestimated during single-generational exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Nkoom
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources, Development of Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, People's Republic of China
- Department of Environment and Sustainability Sciences, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, University for Development Studies, Tamale, Ghana
| | - Guanghua Lu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources, Development of Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jianchao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources, Development of Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, People's Republic of China
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15
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Lares BA, Vignatti AM, Echaniz SA, Gutiérrez MF. Effects of glyphosate on cladocera: A synthetic review. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2022; 249:106232. [PMID: 35809430 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2022.106232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Glyphosate [N-(phosphonomethyl) glycine] is currently the most widely used herbicide worldwide. Its application in agricultural and urban areas can lead to the dispersion and arrival to aquatic systems causing environmental deterioration with detrimental effects on the inhabiting biota. This is triggered not only by the herbicide per se but also its metabolite aminomethyl-phosphonic acid (AMPA), which can be highly toxic to many aquatic organisms. Water fleas are some of the key components in aquatic food webs, being one of the most sensitive groups to pollutants. Although being often used in standardized toxicity tests, they are comparatively less studied in relation to glyphosate exposition. Here we examine the current scientific literature regarding the acute and sublethal toxicity of glyphosate in the Cladocera taxonomic group, with special comparisons between the active ingredient (A.I) and formulations. Our results document a high variation in the lethal concentrations reported for different cladoceran species, due to the high diversity of products used in the toxicity tests. Most articles accounting for sublethal effects were performed on the standard Daphnia magna species. Reproduction, including decreased fecundity and delayed age of first reproduction, is usually one of the most severely affected individual traits. Although still scarce, studies documenting metabolic and genetic alterations might provide accurate information on the mechanisms of action of the herbicide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Betsabé Ailén Lares
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de La Pampa, Santa Rosa, La Pampa, Argentina.
| | - Alicia María Vignatti
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de La Pampa, Santa Rosa, La Pampa, Argentina
| | - Santiago Andrés Echaniz
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de La Pampa, Santa Rosa, La Pampa, Argentina
| | - María Florencia Gutiérrez
- Instituto Nacional de Limnología, CONICET-UNL, Paraje El Pozo, Ciudad Universitaria UNL, Santa Fe, Argentina; Escuela Superior de Sanidad "Dr. Ramón Carrillo" (FBCB-UNL), Ciudad Universitaria, Santa Fe, Argentina.
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16
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Ferreira D, Alkimin GDD, Neves B, Conde T, Domingues MR, Nunes B. Evaluation of parental and transgenerational effects of clotrimazole in Daphnia magna - A multi-parametric approach. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 831:154677. [PMID: 35337862 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Azole antifungals inhibit the cytochrome P450 complex, decreasing the production of ergosterol in fungi, and compromising the biosynthesis of ecdysteroids in crustaceans, which are hormones regulating reproduction and ecdysis. The azole antifungal clotrimazole (CLO) raises environmental concerns due its toxicity. This work evaluated the effects on the number of moults, feeding rate, growth, reproduction, transgenerational reproductive effects on two different generations (F0, parental generation; and F1, organisms born from F0), and energetic balance in Daphnia magna. Neonates (<24 h) were exposed to sublethal concentrations (0, 2.7, and 3.4 mg/L) of CLO, to assess its effects on the moulting process. Neonates were also exposed to environmentally realistic concentrations of CLO (0, 30, 150, 750, and 3750 ng/L) for 24 and 96 h, to assess adverse effects on their feeding behaviour. Effects on energy reserves (fatty acids, glycogen, and protein levels) were also measured in animals exposed to CLO. A reproduction test was carried out to evaluate the amount and size of neonates from F0 and F1 generations. CLO exposure decreased the number of moults, and the size of organisms, but did not alter the feeding pattern of 5 days old individuals. However, neonates (<24 h) exposed to CLO had a significant decrease in their feeding pattern. CLO decreased the fatty acids content in exposed animals, but did not change glycogen and protein. CLO also decreased the size of adult daphnids from the third brood, born from animals exposed in F0; in F1 animals, the size of neonates from the third brood was decreased. This study evidenced the toxic effects caused by CLO on growth, feeding and reproduction of D. magna. Nevertheless, it is not possible to conclude whether the effects are due to the inhibition of cytochrome P450 enzymes, or to unspecific effects caused by general toxic stress and decreased nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Ferreira
- Departamento de Biologia da Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Gilberto Dias de Alkimin
- Departamento de Biologia da Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar, CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; Centre for Marine and Environmental Research (CIMA), Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8000-139, Faro, Portugal.
| | - Bruna Neves
- Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar, CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; Mass Spectrometry Centre, LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Santiago University Campus, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Tiago Conde
- Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar, CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; Mass Spectrometry Centre, LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Santiago University Campus, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; Department of Medical Sciences and Institute of Biomedicine - iBiMED, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - M Rosário Domingues
- Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar, CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; Mass Spectrometry Centre, LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Santiago University Campus, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Bruno Nunes
- Departamento de Biologia da Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar, CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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Wei X, Li X, Liu H, Lei H, Sun W, Li D, Dong W, Chen H, Xie L. Altered life history traits and transcripts of molting- and reproduction-related genes by cadmium in Daphnia magna. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2022; 31:735-745. [PMID: 35359216 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-022-02541-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a non-essential element and can be toxic to aquatic organisms at low concentrations. Despite its well-known toxicity to Daphnia magna, the effects of Cd on physiological parameters (heart rate and thoracic limb activity) and molting- and reproduction-related genes are relatively understudied. In this study, D. magna were exposed to 0 (control), 25, 50 and 75 μg L-1 of Cd for 7 d and 21 d to determine the toxicity of Cd. The results showed that the Cd body burden in D. magna was significantly increased with elevated Cd concentrations, up to 13.4 μg Cd/g dry weight (dw) after exposure to 75 μg L-1 for 21 d. After 21 d of exposure, the body length and body weight of D. magna were significantly decreased in all Cd treatments compared to the control. The heart rate and thoracic limb activity were reduced by 4.3-11.7 and 5.0-10.3%, respectively. The levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) were increased by ~24-37% and the activity of catalase (CAT) was inhibited by ~50% compared to the control. The reproductive parameters (i.e., size of the first brood, the total number of offspring per female and the number of offspring per brood) were remarkably reduced, causing adverse effects on the population dynamics. In addition, the transcripts of genes (cyp314, cyp18a1, ecra, usp, hr3, cut, cht and cht3) related to the molting of D. magna were altered, whereas the transcripts of genes (vtg1, vtg2 and vmo1) related to reproduction were down-regulated. This study helps better understand the effects of Cd at different biological levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinrong Wei
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Xiao Li
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Hongsong Liu
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Haojun Lei
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Weijun Sun
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Dan Li
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Wu Dong
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities/Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Toxicant Monitoring and Toxicology, Tongliao, 028000, China
| | - Hongxing Chen
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
- School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Lingtian Xie
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
- School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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18
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Paylar B, Asnake S, Sjöberg V, Ragnvaldsson D, Jass J, Olsson PE. Influence of water hardness on zinc toxicity in Daphnia magna. J Appl Toxicol 2022; 42:1510-1523. [PMID: 35285959 PMCID: PMC9543215 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Zinc is an essential trace metal required for the maintenance of multiple physiological functions. Due to this, organisms can experience both zinc deficiency and toxicity. Hardness is recognized as one of the main modifying physiochemical factors regulating zinc bioavailability. Therefore, the present study analyzed the effect of hardness on zinc toxicity using Daphnia magna. Endpoint parameters were acute‐toxicity, development, reproduction, and expression data for genes involved in metal regulation and oxidative stress. In addition, the temporal expression profiles of genes during the initiation of reproduction and molting were investigated. Water hardness influenced the survival in response to exposures to zinc. A zinc concentration of 50 μg/l in soft water (50 mg CaCO3/L) caused 73% mortality after 96 h exposure, whereas the same zinc concentration in the hardest water did not cause any significant mortality. Moreover, increasing water hardness from 100 to 200 mg CaCO3/L resulted in a reduced number of offspring. Fecundity was higher at first brood for groups exposed to higher Zn concentrations. The survival data were used to assess the precision of the bioavailability models (Bio‐met) and the geochemical model (Visual MINTEQ). As the Bio‐met risk predictions overestimated the Zn toxicity, a competition‐based model to describe the effects of hardness on zinc toxicity is proposed. This approach can be used to minimize differences in setting environmental quality standards. Moreover, gene expression data showed that using the toxicogenomic approach was more sensitive than the physiological endpoints. Therefore, data presented in the study can be used to improve risk assessment for zinc toxicity. The present study analyzed the effect of hardness on zinc toxicity using Daphnia magna for acute‐toxicity, development, reproduction, and gene expression. Results showed that hardness plays an important role for Zn toxicity by effectively changing the bioavailability of Zn. The competition between Zn, Ca, and Mg can be used to normalize hardness effect on mortality. Bioavailability models used in risk assessment could be improved by considering water hardness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berkay Paylar
- Biology, The Life Science Center, School of Science and Technology, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Solomon Asnake
- Biology, The Life Science Center, School of Science and Technology, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Viktor Sjöberg
- Chemistry, MTM, School of Science and Technology, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | | | - Jana Jass
- Biology, The Life Science Center, School of Science and Technology, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Per-Erik Olsson
- Biology, The Life Science Center, School of Science and Technology, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
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19
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Yuan H, Qiao H, Fu Y, Fu H, Zhang W, Jin S, Gong Y, Jiang S, Xiong Y, Hu Y, Wu Y. RNA interference shows that Spook, the precursor gene of 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E), regulates the molting of Macrobrachium nipponense. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2021; 213:105976. [PMID: 34418528 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2021.105976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/15/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to explore the function of the Mn-Spook gene, which was found in the ovary transcriptome of the Oriental river prawn (Macrobrachium nipponense). The Spook gene, which is the precursor gene of 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E), plays an important role in the process of molting in many arthropods, but its function in M. nipponense is unclear. We cloned the full-length Mn-Spook gene from the ovary of M. nipponense and found that it had the same conserved domains as the P450 gene of the Halloween family of genes. The Mn-Spook gene was highly expressed in ovary and gill tissue during the breeding period. During ovarian development, Mn-spook gene expression was highest at the nearly-ripe stage, and it also was highly expressed in the zoea developmental stage. Cellular localization analysis showed that Mn-Spook signals accumulated in the cytoplasmic membrane and nucleus of oocytes. Finally, we used RNA interference to evaluate the function of the Mn-Spook gene. Compared with the control group, in vivo injection of Mn-Spook dsRNA effectively downregulated the expression of Mn-Spook and the content of 20E. The molting frequency of M. nipponense in the experimental group also was significantly inhibited. These results demonstrated that the Mn-Spook gene played an important role in the molting process of M. nipponense.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huwei Yuan
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China.
| | - Hui Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China.
| | - Yin Fu
- East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai 200090, China.
| | - Hongtuo Fu
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China.
| | - Wenyi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China.
| | - Shubo Jin
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China.
| | - Yongsheng Gong
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China.
| | - Sufei Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China.
| | - Yiwei Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China.
| | - Yuning Hu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China.
| | - Yan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China.
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20
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Chen S, Li X, Li H, Yuan S, Li J, Liu C. Greater toxic potency of bisphenol AF than bisphenol A in growth, reproduction, and transcription of genes in Daphnia magna. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:25218-25227. [PMID: 33452643 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-12153-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Limited studies were performed to evaluate the effects of bisphenol A (BPA) and bisphenol AF (BPAF) in low-trophic-level animals, such as Daphnia magna (D. magna). In this study, a 21-day standard reproductive toxicity test was carried out to assess the effects of the 2 bisphenols on development, reproduction, and transcription of genes in D. magna. The results demonstrated that only exposure to 5000 nM BPA significantly decreased the survival rate, while significant alternations were observed after exposure to 50, 500, or 5000 nM BPAF. Both the molting numbers of per female and body length of F0 generation were decreased after exposure to 500 nM BPAF, while no obvious effects were observed after treatment with lower concentrations of BPAF and BPA. Increased fecundity but decreased body length and swimming speed of F1 generation were observed after exposure to 5000 nM BPA or 500 nM BPAF. In addition, the results of the qRT-PCR showed the expressions of cyp314, ecra, ecrb, usp, vtg1, and vtg2 were significantly inhibited after exposure to 5000 nM BPA, while the expressions of cyp18a1 and vmo1 were obviously upregulated after exposure to 500 nM BPAF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Chen
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pond Aquaculture, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Xiaodong Li
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pond Aquaculture, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Han Li
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pond Aquaculture, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Siliang Yuan
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pond Aquaculture, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jun Li
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pond Aquaculture, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Chunsheng Liu
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pond Aquaculture, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
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21
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Toyota K, Miyakawa H, Hiruta C, Sato T, Katayama H, Ohira T, Iguchi T. Sex Determination and Differentiation in Decapod and Cladoceran Crustaceans: An Overview of Endocrine Regulation. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12020305. [PMID: 33669984 PMCID: PMC7924870 DOI: 10.3390/genes12020305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mechanisms underlying sex determination and differentiation in animals are known to encompass a diverse array of molecular clues. Recent innovations in high-throughput sequencing and mass spectrometry technologies have been widely applied in non-model organisms without reference genomes. Crustaceans are no exception. They are particularly diverse among the Arthropoda and contain a wide variety of commercially important fishery species such as shrimps, lobsters and crabs (Order Decapoda), and keystone species of aquatic ecosystems such as water fleas (Order Branchiopoda). In terms of decapod sex determination and differentiation, previous approaches have attempted to elucidate their molecular components, to establish mono-sex breeding technology. Here, we overview reports describing the physiological functions of sex hormones regulating masculinization and feminization, and gene discovery by transcriptomics in decapod species. Moreover, this review summarizes the recent progresses of studies on the juvenile hormone-driven sex determination system of the branchiopod genus Daphnia, and then compares sex determination and endocrine systems between decapods and branchiopods. This review provides not only substantial insights for aquaculture research, but also the opportunity to re-organize the current and future trends of this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Toyota
- Marine Biological Station, Sado Center for Ecological Sustainability, Niigata University, Sado, Niigata 952-2135, Japan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Kanagawa University, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa 259-1293, Japan;
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Faculty of Industrial Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Katsushika, Tokyo 125-8585, Japan
- Correspondence: (K.T.); (T.S.); (T.I.)
| | - Hitoshi Miyakawa
- Center for Bioscience Research and Education, Utsunomiya University, Utsunomiya, Tochigi 321-8505, Japan;
| | - Chizue Hiruta
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0810, Japan;
| | - Tomomi Sato
- Graduate School of Nanobioscience, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-0027, Japan
- Correspondence: (K.T.); (T.S.); (T.I.)
| | - Hidekazu Katayama
- Department of Applied Biochemistry, School of Engineering, Tokai University, Kanagawa 259-1292, Japan;
| | - Tsuyoshi Ohira
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Kanagawa University, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa 259-1293, Japan;
| | - Taisen Iguchi
- Graduate School of Nanobioscience, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-0027, Japan
- Correspondence: (K.T.); (T.S.); (T.I.)
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22
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Knigge T, LeBlanc GA, Ford AT. A Crab Is Not a Fish: Unique Aspects of the Crustacean Endocrine System and Considerations for Endocrine Toxicology. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:587608. [PMID: 33737907 PMCID: PMC7961072 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.587608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Crustaceans-and arthropods in general-exhibit many unique aspects to their physiology. These include the requirement to moult (ecdysis) in order to grow and reproduce, the ability to change color, and multiple strategies for sexual differentiation. Accordingly, the endocrine regulation of these processes involves hormones, receptors, and enzymes that differ from those utilized by vertebrates and other non-arthropod invertebrates. As a result, environmental chemicals known to disrupt endocrine processes in vertebrates are often not endocrine disruptors in crustaceans; while, chemicals that disrupt endocrine processes in crustaceans are often not endocrine disruptors in vertebrates. In this review, we present an overview of the evolution of the endocrine system of crustaceans, highlight endocrine endpoints known to be a target of disruption by chemicals, and identify other components of endocrine signaling that may prove to be targets of disruption. This review highlights that crustaceans need to be evaluated for endocrine disruption with consideration of their unique endocrine system and not with consideration of the endocrine system of vertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Knigge
- Normandy University, FR CNRS 3730 SCALE, UMR-I 02 INERIS-URCA-ULH Environmental Stress and Aquatic Biomonitoring (SEBIO), Université Le Havre Normandie, Le Havre, France
- *Correspondence: Thomas Knigge,
| | - Gerald A. LeBlanc
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Alex T. Ford
- School of Biological Sciences, Institute of Marine Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, United Kingdom
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23
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New frontiers of developmental endocrinology opened by researchers connecting irreversible effects of sex hormones on developing organs. Differentiation 2020; 118:4-23. [PMID: 33189416 DOI: 10.1016/j.diff.2020.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
In the early 1960's, at Professor Bern's laboratory, University of California, Berkeley) in the US, Takasugi discovered ovary-independent, persistent vaginal changes in mice exposed neonatally to estrogen, which resulted in vaginal cancer later in life. Reproductive abnormalities in rodents were reported as a result of perinatal exposure to various estrogenic chemicals. Ten years later, vaginal cancers were reported in young women exposed in utero to the synthetic estrogen diethylstilbestrol (DES) and this has been called the "DES syndrome". The developing organism is particularly sensitive to developmental exposure to estrogens inducing long-term changes in various organs including the reproductive organs. The molecular mechanism underlying the persistent vaginal changes induced by perinatal estrogen exposure was partly demonstrated. Persistent phosphorylation and sustained expression of EGF-like growth factors, lead to estrogen receptor α (ESR1) activation, and then persistent vaginal epithelial cell proliferation. Agents which are weakly estrogenic by postnatal criteria may have major developmental effects, especially during a critical perinatal period. The present review outlines various studies conducted by four generations of investigators all under the influence of Prof. Bern. The studies include reports of persistent changes induced by neonatal androgen exposure, analyses of estrogen responsive genes, factors determining epithelial differentiation in the Müllerian duct, ESR and growth factor signaling, and polyovular follicles in mammals. This review is then expanded to the studies on the effects of environmental estrogens on wildlife and endocrine disruption in Daphnids.
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24
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Adhitama N, Kato Y, Matsuura T, Watanabe H. Roles of and cross-talk between ecdysteroid and sesquiterpenoid pathways in embryogenesis of branchiopod crustacean Daphnia magna. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0239893. [PMID: 33035251 PMCID: PMC7546464 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0239893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The ecdysteroid and sesquiterpenoid pathways control growth, developmental transition, and embryogenesis in insects. However, the function of orthologous genes and the cross-talk between both pathways remain largely uncharacterized in non-insect arthropods. Spook (Spo) and Juvenile hormone acid o-methyltransferase (Jhamt) have been suggested to function as rate-limiting factors in ecdysteroid and sesquiterpenoid biosynthesis, respectively, in insects. In this study, we report on the functions of Spo and Jhamt and the cross-talk between them in embryos of the branchiopod crustacean Daphnia magna. Spo expression was activated at the onset of gastrulation, with the depletion of Spo transcript by RNAi resulting in developmental arrest at this stage. This phenotype could be partially rescued by supplementation with 20-hydroxyecdysone, indicating that Spo may play the same role in ecdysteroid biosynthesis in early embryos, as reported in insects. After hatching, Spo expression was repressed, while Jhamt expression was activated transiently, despite its silencing during other embryonic stages. Jhamt RNAi showed little effect on survival, but shortened the embryonic period. Exposure to the sesquiterpenoid analog Fenoxycarb extended the embryonic period and rescued the Jhamt RNAi phenotype, demonstrating a previously unidentified role of sesquiterpenoid in the repression of precocious embryogenesis. Interestingly, the knockdown of Jhamt resulted in the derepression of ecdysteroid biosynthesis genes, including Spo, similar to regulation during insect hormonal biosynthesis. Sesquiterpenoid signaling via the Methoprene-tolerant gene was found to be responsible for the repression of ecdysteroid biosynthesis genes. It upregulated an ortholog of CYP18a1 that degrades ecdysteroid in insects. These results illuminate the conserved and specific functions of the ecdysteroid and sesquiterpenoid pathways in Daphnia embryos. We also infer that the common ancestor of branchiopod crustaceans and insects exhibited antagonism between the two endocrine hormones before their divergence 400 million years ago.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikko Adhitama
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Biotechnology Global Human Resource Development Program, Division of Advanced Science and Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Kato
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Frontier Research Base of Global Young Researchers, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Matsuura
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hajime Watanabe
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
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25
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Coady KK, Burgoon L, Doskey C, Davis JW. Assessment of Transcriptomic and Apical Responses of Daphnia magna Exposed to a Polyethylene Microplastic in a 21-d Chronic Study. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2020; 39:1578-1589. [PMID: 32388890 DOI: 10.1002/etc.4745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
There is global concern regarding the fate and effects of microplastics in the environment, particularly in aquatic systems. In the present study, ethylene acrylic acid copolymer particles were evaluated in a chronic toxicity study with the aquatic invertebrate Daphnia magna. The study design included a natural particle control treatment (silica) to differentiate any potential physical effects of a particle from the intrinsic toxicity of the test material. In addition to the standard endpoints of survival, growth, and reproduction, the transcriptomic profiles of control and ethylene acrylic acid copolymer-exposed D. magna were evaluated at the termination of the 21-d toxicity study. No significant effects on D. magna growth, survival, or reproduction were observed in comparison with both particle and untreated control groups. Significant transcriptomic alterations were induced at the highest treatment level of 2.3 × 1012 particles of the ethylene acrylic acid copolymer/L in key pathways linked to central metabolism and energy reserves, oxidative stress, and ovulation and molting, indicating a global transcriptomic response pattern. To put the results in perspective is challenging at this time, because, to date, microplastic environmental monitoring approaches have not been equipped to detect particles in the nanosize range. However, our results indicate that ethylene acrylic acid copolymer microplastics in the upper nanosize range are not expected to adversely affect D. magna growth, survival, or reproductive outcomes at concentrations of up to 1012 particles/L. Environ Toxicol Chem 2020;39:1578-1589. © 2020 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine K Coady
- Toxicology and Environmental Research and Consulting, Dow, Midland, Michigan, USA
| | - Lyle Burgoon
- US Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Raleigh-Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Claire Doskey
- Toxicology and Environmental Research and Consulting, Dow, Midland, Michigan, USA
| | - John W Davis
- Toxicology and Environmental Research and Consulting, Dow, Midland, Michigan, USA
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Toyota K, Yamane F, Ohira T. Impacts of Methyl Farnesoate and 20-Hydroxyecdysone on Larval Mortality and Metamorphosis in the Kuruma Prawn Marsupenaeus japonicus. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:475. [PMID: 32849271 PMCID: PMC7399040 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.00475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Physiological functions of juvenile hormone (JH) and molting hormone have been demonstrated in insects. JH, molting hormone and their mimics (insect growth regulators, IGRs) show endocrine-disrupting effects not only on target pest insects but also on other arthropod species such as crustaceans. However, little is known about the endocrine-disrupting effects of IGRs on benthic crustaceans. In this study, laboratory experiments were conducted to investigate effects of representative innate JH in crustaceans (methyl farnesoate, MF) and molting hormone (20-hydroxyecdysone, 20E, active form of ecdysteroid) on larval stages of the kuruma prawn Marsupenaeus japonicus, which is a decapod crustacean living in warm seawater. Larval development of kuruma prawn progresses in the order of nauplius, zoea, mysis, and then post-larvae with molting and metamorphosis, but it is unknown whether both MF and 20E have crucial roles in metamorphosis and molting of this species. Treatments of either MF or 20E on shrimp larvae were attempted at each developmental stage and those effects were validated. In terms of EC50 values between mortality and metamorphosis, there were apparent differences in the transition from nauplius to zoea (MF: 7.67 and 0.12 μM; 20E: 3.84 and 0.06 μM in survival and metamorphic rates, respectively). In contrast, EC50 values in MF and 20E treatments showed high consistency in the transitions between zoea to mysis (EC50 values for survival; MF: 1.25 and 20E: 0.22 μM), and mysis to post-larvae (EC50 values for survival; MF: 0.65 and 20E: 0.46 μM). These data suggest that nauplius has strong resistance against exposure to MF and 20E. Moreover, both chemicals induced high mortality triggered by the disruption of molting associated with metamorphosis. To our knowledge, this is the first experimental evidence that investigates in vivo physiological functions of MF and 20E in the larval stages of kuruma prawn, shedding light on not only ecotoxicological impacts of IGRs released into nature, but also endocrine mechanisms underlying larval development with metamorphosis in benthic decapod crustaceans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Toyota
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Kanagawa University, Kanagawa, Japan
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Faculty of Industrial Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Tsuyoshi Ohira
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Kanagawa University, Kanagawa, Japan
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27
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Zou E. Invisible endocrine disruption and its mechanisms: A current review. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2020; 293:113470. [PMID: 32234298 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2020.113470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2019] [Revised: 03/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The research on impacts of environmental chemicals on crustacean molting dates back to the 1970s when ground-breaking studies investigated the disruption of molting in Crustacea by organochlorines. With the emergence of a new scientific inquiry, termed environmental endocrine disruption, in the early 1990s, increasing attention has been attracted to the possibility that environmental chemicals capable of wreaking havoc on sex steroid-regulated processes in vertebrates can also adversely affect ecdysteroid-mediated processes, e.g. molting, in crustaceans. Given the fact that many molting-disrupting chemicals accumulate in crustacean tissues and that the effect on molting is not readily visible in the field, the disruption of molting by environmental chemicals has been dubbed the invisible endocrine disruption. In recent years, much advancement has been made in both the documentation of the phenomenon of molting disruption and the search for mechanisms, by which molting disruption occurs. This review provides an overview of the current status of the field of invisible endocrine disruption, and perspectives on future directions are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enmin Zou
- Department of Biological Sciences, Nicholls State University, Thibodaux, LA 70310, USA.
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28
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Mellor C, Tollefsen K, LaLone C, Cronin M, Firman J. In Silico Identification of Chemicals Capable of Binding to the Ecdysone Receptor. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2020; 39:1438-1450. [PMID: 32335943 PMCID: PMC7781155 DOI: 10.1002/etc.4733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Revised: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The process of molting, known alternatively as ecdysis, is a feature integral in the life cycles of species across the arthropod phylum. Regulation occurs as a function of the interaction of ecdysteroid hormones with the arthropod nuclear ecdysone receptor-a process preceding the triggering of a series of downstream events constituting an endocrine signaling pathway highly conserved throughout environmentally prevalent insect, crustacean, and myriapod organisms. Inappropriate ecdysone receptor binding and activation forms the essential molecular initiating event within possible adverse outcome pathways relating abnormal molting to mortality in arthropods. Definition of the characteristics of chemicals liable to stimulate such activity has the potential to be of great utility in mitigation of hazards posed toward vulnerable species. Thus the aim of the present study was to develop a series of rule-sets, derived from the key structural and physicochemical features associated with identified ecdysone receptor ligands, enabling construction of Konstanz Information Miner (KNIME) workflows permitting the flagging of compounds predisposed to binding at the site. Data describing the activities of 555 distinct chemicals were recovered from a variety of assays across 10 insect species, allowing for formulation of KNIME screens for potential binding activity at the molecular initiating event and adverse outcome level of biological organization. Environ Toxicol Chem 2020;39:1438-1450. © 2020 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- C.L. Mellor
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Byrom Street, Liverpool L3 3AF, England
- School of Forensic and Applied Sciences, University of Central Lancashire, Preston PR1 2HE, Lancashire, England
| | - K.E. Tollefsen
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Gaustadalléen 21, N-0349 Oslo, Norway
| | - C. LaLone
- US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Office of Research and Development, Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division, 6201 Congdon Blvd. Duluth, MN, USA
| | - M.T.D. Cronin
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Byrom Street, Liverpool L3 3AF, England
| | - J.W. Firman
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Byrom Street, Liverpool L3 3AF, England
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29
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Swetha CH, Girish BP, Hemalatha M, Reddy PS. Induction of vitellogenesis, methyl farnesoate synthesis and ecdysteroidogenesis in two edible crabs by arachidonic acid and prostaglandins. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 223:jeb.212381. [PMID: 31953363 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.212381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The present study investigated the effect of arachidonic acid (AA) and selected prostaglandins on the regulation of vitellogenesis, ecdysteroidogenesis and methyl farnesoate (MF) synthesis in the freshwater crab Oziotelphusa senex senex and the giant mud crab, Scylla serrata Administration of AA and prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) significantly increased ovarian index, oocyte diameter and ovarian vitellogenin levels and ecdysteroid and MF levels in the hemolymph of crabs. Secretions of MF and ecdysteroids from in vitro cultured mandibular organs (MO) and Y-organs (YO) isolated from intermolt crabs injected with AA, PGF2α and PGE2 were greater when compared with controls. In contrast, injection of prostaglandin D2 (PGD2) had no effect on vitellogenesis, ecdysteroid and MF levels in circulation. In vitro secretion of MF from MO explants isolated from avitellogenic crabs incubated with AA, PGF2α and PGE2 increased in a time-dependent manner. Conversely, incubation of YOs isolated from avitellogenic crabs with AA, PGF2α and PGE2 had no effect on secretion of ecdsyteroids. These results implicate prostaglandins in the regulation of reproduction by inducing the synthesis of MF and consequent ecdysteroid synthesis in brachyuran crabs, and provide an alternative molecular intervention mechanism to the traditional eyestalk ablation methodology to induce vitellogenesis and ovarian maturation in crustaceans.
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Affiliation(s)
- C H Swetha
- Department of Biotechnology, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati 517 502, India
| | - B P Girish
- Department of Biotechnology, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati 517 502, India
| | - M Hemalatha
- Department of Zoology, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati 517 502, India
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30
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Castro GB, Bernegossi AC, Felipe MC, Corbi JJ. Is the development of Daphnia magna neonates affected by short-term exposure to polyethylene microplastics? JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART A, TOXIC/HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 2020; 55:935-946. [PMID: 32362232 DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2020.1756656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The study presents responses of D. magna newborns exposed during 96 h to polyethylene microplastics (MP) of size 40-48 μm in the concentrations of 20; 40; 80; 160 and 320 mg/L. The experimental design consisted of two exposure scenarios: the first group was fed at the beginning and after 48 h (3x10-5 cells/mL of Raphidocelis subcaptata and fermented solution) and the second group was not fed as an additional stressor. The mobility of the organisms was not significantly affected in the presence of microplastics for both exposure groups. Nevertheless, the qualitative analysis showed that neonates promptly ingested microplastics in the first 24 h of the test, independently of the treatment. Polyethylene microplastics did not influence the molting process, however, significant differences were observed between the number of molts of the exposure without feed and with feed in 24 h (p = 0.0007), 48 h (p = 2.4 x 10-10), 72 h (p = 3.6 x 10-10) and 96 h (p = 0.003). The final body length of D. magna also showed that the food administration model in the tests contributes to the differentiation in responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gleyson B Castro
- Department of Hydraulic and Sanitation, Ecology of Aquatic Environments Laboratory, São Carlos School of Engineering, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Aline C Bernegossi
- Department of Hydraulic and Sanitation, Ecology of Aquatic Environments Laboratory, São Carlos School of Engineering, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Mayara C Felipe
- Department of Hydraulic and Sanitation, Ecology of Aquatic Environments Laboratory, São Carlos School of Engineering, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Juliano J Corbi
- Department of Hydraulic and Sanitation, Ecology of Aquatic Environments Laboratory, São Carlos School of Engineering, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
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31
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Peng L, Wang L, Zou MM, Vasseur L, Chu LN, Qin YD, Zhai YL, You MS. Identification of Halloween Genes and RNA Interference-Mediated Functional Characterization of a Halloween Gene shadow in Plutella xylostella. Front Physiol 2019; 10:1120. [PMID: 31555150 PMCID: PMC6724230 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.01120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Ecdysteroids play an essential role in controlling insect development and reproduction. Their pathway is regulated by a group of enzymes called Halloween gene proteins. The relationship between the Halloween genes and ecdysteroid synthesis has yet to be clearly understood in diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.), a worldwide Lepidoptera pest attacking cruciferous crops and wild plants. In this study, complete sequences for six Halloween genes, neverland (nvd), shroud (sro), spook (spo), phantom (phm), disembodied (dib), shadow (sad), and shade (shd), were identified. Phylogenetic analysis revealed a strong conservation in insects, including Halloween genes of P. xylostella that was clustered with all other Lepidoptera species. Three Halloween genes, dib, sad, and shd were highly expressed in the adult stage, while nvd and spo were highly expressed in the egg and pupal stages, respectively. Five Halloween genes were highly expressed specifically in the prothorax, which is the major site of ecdysone production. However, shd was expressed predominantly in the fat body to convert ecdysone into 20-hydroxyecdysone. RNAi-based knockdown of sad, which is involved in the last step of ecdysone biosynthesis, significantly reduced the 20E titer and resulted in a longer developmental duration and lower pupation of fourth-instar larvae, as well as caused shorter ovarioles and fewer fully developed eggs of P. xylostella. Furthermore, after the knockdown of sad, the expression levels of Vg and VgR genes were significantly decreased by 77.1 and 53.0%. Meanwhile, the number of eggs laid after 3 days was significantly reduced in sad knockdown females. These results suggest that Halloween genes may play a critical role in the biosynthesis of ecdysteroids and be involved in the development and reproduction of P. xylostella. Our work provides a solid basis for understanding the functional importance of these genes, which will help to screening potential genes for pest management of P. xylostella.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China.,Joint International Research Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, China.,Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Lei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China.,Joint International Research Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, China.,Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ming-Min Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China.,Joint International Research Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, China.,Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Liette Vasseur
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China.,Joint International Research Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, China.,Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China.,Department of Biological Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada
| | - Li-Na Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China.,Joint International Research Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, China.,Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yu-Dong Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China.,Joint International Research Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, China.,Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yi-Long Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China.,Joint International Research Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, China.,Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Min-Sheng You
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China.,Joint International Research Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, China.,Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
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32
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Street SM, Eytcheson SA, LeBlanc GA. The role of nuclear receptor E75 in regulating the molt cycle of Daphnia magna and consequences of its disruption. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0221642. [PMID: 31454379 PMCID: PMC6711514 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0221642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Biological rhythms regulate innumerable physiological processes, yet little is known of factors that regulate many of these rhythms. Disruption in the timing of these rhythms can have devastating impacts on population sustainability. We hypothesized that the timing of the molt infradian rhythm in the crustacean Daphnia magna is regulated by the joint action of the protein E75 and nitric oxide. Further, we hypothesized that disruption of the function of E75 would adversely impact several physiological processes related to growth and reproduction. Analysis of mRNA levels of several genes, involved in regulating the molt cycle in insects, revealed the sequential accumulation of E75, its dimer partner HR3, FTZ-F1, and CYP18a1 during the molt cycle. Exposure to the nitric oxide donor sodium nitroprusside early in the molt cycle had no effect on E75 or HR3 mRNA levels, but delayed the peak accumulation of FTZ-F1 and CYP18a1 mRNA. The subsequent exuviation was also delayed consistent with the delay in peak accumulation of FTZ-F1 and CYP18a1. These results supported our assertion that nitric oxide binds E75 rendering it incapable of binding HR3. Excess HR3 protein then enhanced the accumulation of the downstream products FTZ-F1 and CYP18a1. Similarly, suppression of E75 mRNA levels, using siRNA, had no effect on mRNA levels of HR3 but elevated mRNA levels of FTZ-F1. Consistent with these molecular responses, the suppression of E75 using siRNA increased the duration of the molt cycle and reduced the number of offspring produced. We conclude that the molt cycle of daphnids is regulated in a manner similar to insects and disruption of E75 results in a lengthening of the molt cycle and a reduction the release of viable offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie M. Street
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Stephanie A. Eytcheson
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Gerald A. LeBlanc
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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33
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Miyakawa H, Sato T, Song Y, Tollefsen KE, Iguchi T. Ecdysteroid and juvenile hormone biosynthesis, receptors and their signaling in the freshwater microcrustacean Daphnia. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2018; 184:62-68. [PMID: 29247785 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2017.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Revised: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The two essential insect hormones, ecdysteroids and juvenile hormones, are possessed not only by insects, but also widely by arthropods, and regulate various developmental and physiological processes. In contrast to the abundant information about molecular endocrine mechanisms in insects, the knowledge of non-insect arthropod endocrinology is still limited. In this review, we summarize recent reports about the molecular basis of these two major insect hormones in the freshwater microcrustacean Daphnia, a keystone taxon in limnetic ecology and a bioindicator in environmental studies. Comprehensive comparisons of endocrine signaling pathways between insects and daphnids may shed light on the regulatory mechanisms of various biological phenomena and, moreover, evolutionary processes of arthropod species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitoshi Miyakawa
- Center for Bioscience Research and Education, Utsunomiya University, 350 Mine-machi, Utsunomiya, Tochigi 321-8505, Japan.
| | - Tomomi Sato
- Graduate School of Nanobioscience, Yokohama City University, 22-2 Seto, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama 236-0027, Japan
| | - You Song
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Section of Ecotoxicology and Risk Assessment, Gaustadalléen 21, N-0349 Oslo, Norway
| | - Knut Erik Tollefsen
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Section of Ecotoxicology and Risk Assessment, Gaustadalléen 21, N-0349 Oslo, Norway
| | - Taisen Iguchi
- Graduate School of Nanobioscience, Yokohama City University, 22-2 Seto, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama 236-0027, Japan
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34
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Zhou M, Jia X, Wan H, Wang S, Zhang X, Zhang Z, Wang Y. miR-34 regulates reproduction by inhibiting the expression of MIH, CHH, EcR, and FAMeT genes in mud crab Scylla paramamosain. Mol Reprod Dev 2018; 86:122-131. [PMID: 30286264 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.23063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Mud crab Scylla paramamosain is a commercially important species widely cultured in China. It is well known that the eyestalk regulates reproductive activities in crustaceans. In our previous research, we found that the miR-34 expression level in male eyestalk was significantly higher than that in females. Thus, we assumed that it may play an important role in regulating reproduction. In this study, we used bioinformatic tools to identify the target genes of miR-34 in eyestalk. Six reproduction-related genes with an intact 3'-untranslated region (UTR), including molt-inhibiting hormone (MIH), crustacean hyperglycemic hormone (CHH), vitellogenesis-inhibiting hormone, red pigment concentrating hormone, ecdysone receptor (EcR), and farnesoic acid methyltransferase (FAMeT) were identified. When the 3'-UTR plasmid vectors of the six genes were cotransfected with miR-34 mimics into 293FT cells, respectively, the luciferase activities of four genes (MIH, CHH, EcR, and FAMeT) were significantly decreased compared with that in the control group; on the contrary, when the six plasmid vectors were cotransfected with the miR-34 inhibitor respectively, the luciferase activities of four genes (MIH, CHH, EcR, and FAMeT) were significantly higher than that in the control group. When agomiR-34 and antagomiR-34 were injected into the eyestalk respectively in vivo, the expression levels of the MIH, CHH, EcR, and FAMeT genes were detected by a quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. The results showed that agomiR-34 suppressed the expression of the four genes, whereas antagomiR-34 enhanced their expression. These experimental results confirmed our hypothesis that miR-34 may indirectly regulate reproduction via binding to the 3'-UTRs of MIH, CHH, EcR, and FAMeT genes and suppressing their expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingcan Zhou
- Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, China
| | - Xiwei Jia
- Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, China
| | - Haifu Wan
- Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, China
| | - Shuhong Wang
- Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- College of Animal Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ziping Zhang
- College of Animal Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yilei Wang
- Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, China
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35
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Tanaka T, Iguchi T, Miyakawa H. Establishment of a high-sensitivity reporter system in mammalian cells for detecting juvenoids using juvenile hormone receptors of Daphnia pulex. J Appl Toxicol 2018; 39:241-246. [PMID: 30203848 DOI: 10.1002/jat.3713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Revised: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Environmental waters are polluted by various chemicals originating from human activities. Recently, the environmental risk of juvenile hormones (JHs) to aquatic microcrustaceans has been recognized by risk assessors and researchers. JH is a major arthropod hormone that regulates molting and reproduction and has analogs that have been used as insect growth regulators. JHs are known to disturb the sex determination system of Daphnia, which is a keystone animal in limnetic ecosystems and is not the target of extermination. To assess the risk of contaminant chemicals and to protect biodiversity, reliable methods for detecting such chemicals are essential. In this study, we attempted to establish a practical in vitro reporter assay system for detecting chemicals with JH activity. Using a newly constructed reporter vector (modified from the JH response element of Tribolium castaneum Krüppel homolog 1, which is a major JH responsive gene in insects), strong JH-dependent transcriptional activity (>40-fold activation) was found in Chinese hamster ovary cells that express JH receptors of Daphnia pulex. Dose-response analysis conducted on several JH and non-JH chemicals revealed that the established reporter assay system has strict specificity to JH chemicals, and the half maximum effective concentration (EC50 ) was between 10-7 and 10-9 m. These results suggest that the new system is a rapid and economical method for assessing the environmental risk of JH-active chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Tanaka
- Faculty of Agriculture, Utsunomiya University, 350 Mine-machi, Utsunomiya, Tochigi, 321-8505, Japan
| | - Taisen Iguchi
- Graduate School of Nanobioscience, Yokohama City University, 22-2 Seto, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, 236-0027, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Miyakawa
- Center for Bioscience Research and Education, Utsunomiya University, Utsunomiya, Japan
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36
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Adhitama N, Matsuura T, Kato Y, Watanabe H. Monitoring ecdysteroid activities using genetically encoded reporter gene in Daphnia magna. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2018; 140:375-381. [PMID: 30032995 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2018.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Revised: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/08/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Ecdysteroid is an important hormone that regulates growth, reproduction, and embryogenesis in arthropods. However, little is known about its role and action mechanism in crustaceans, despite their pivotal role in aquatic ecosystem. Daphnia magna, a freshwater crustacean, is used as a classic model organism in ecology and ecotoxicology. Its ecdysteroid activity has been partially characterized previously. However, the spatio-temporal behavior of ecdysteroid, especially during early embryogenesis, when it is thought to have pivotal roles, is still unclear. Thus, we proposed a genetic modification approach by integrating a reporter gene exhibiting ecdysteroid activity in vivo. We used the clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeats (CRISPR) genome editing technique, followed by non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ) pathway as the transgenesis method to generate the ecdysteroid reporter transgenic Daphnia. One transgenic Daphnia containing one copy of the ecdysone response element (EcRE)-controlled reporter gene mCherry was successfully obtained and was designated EcRE-mCh. The expression of mCherry was observed during early embryogenesis starting from 12 h after ovulation (hao). The time-lapse imaging during 12-24 hao showed the growing expression of mCherry signal originating from the posterior section of embryo and then migrating toward the anterior section. From 18 hao, the signal was detected around the developing thoracic appendages and localized between the first to third thoracic segments. The establishment of this EcRE-mCh line and its ability to exhibit ecdysteroid activity spatio-temporally might serve as convenient tool to elucidate the roles of ecdysteroid during the early stage of animal development. Moreover, the expression of mCherry in response to the presence of ecdysteroid in water suggests that EcRE-mCh could be used for monitoring ecdysteroid activities in environmental water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikko Adhitama
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Matsuura
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Kato
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; Frontier Research Base for Global Young Researchers, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hajime Watanabe
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
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37
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Jiang J, Shan Z, Wang X, Zhu Y, Zhou J. Ecotoxicity of the nonsteroidal ecdysone mimic RH-5849 to Daphnia magna. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:10730-10739. [PMID: 29396821 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-1275-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The nonsteroidal ecdysone mimic 1,2-dibenzoyl-1-tert-butylhydrazine (RH-5849), a novel insect growth regulator, is mainly registered for use in rice fields. So far, its toxicity and ecological risks towards aquatic cladoceran invertebrates remain unclear. In this study, RH-5849 was evaluated for its acute and 21-day chronic toxicity towards Daphnia magna. The viability, morphology, growth, and reproduction of D. magna were observed to establish a concentration-toxicity relationship associated with the RH-5849 exposure. In addition, the relationship between the changes of physiological and biochemical indices and the chronic indices was analyzed in order to find potential early warning indicators in D. magna to the chronic risk of RH-5849 exposure. The results showed that the 48-h EC50 of acute immobilization and EC50 of 21-day survival of RH-5849 on D. magna were 45.3 and 1.34 mg/L, respectively. Chronic exposure to RH-5849 mainly affected the reproductive parameters of D. magna and the no observed effect concentration (NOEC) and the EC50 were 0.050 and 0.5423 mg/L, respectively. The number of offspring per female reduced significantly after 21-day exposure to 0.10 mg/L of RH-5849. The morphological changes, manifested in head width and body length, the length of the helmet or apical spine, and the curvature and transparency of the body, were observed in RH-5849-treated groups. Moreover, it was found that the alkaline phosphatase activity in D. magna after 5-7-day exposure was positively correlated with the number of offspring per female after 21 days. These results indicate the potential risk of RH-5849 towards aquatic crustaceans should be taken into consideration when applied to rice fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinlin Jiang
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences/Key Laboratory of Pesticide Environmental Assessment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Nanjing, 210042, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhengjun Shan
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences/Key Laboratory of Pesticide Environmental Assessment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Nanjing, 210042, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaorong Wang
- School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuxuan Zhu
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences/Key Laboratory of Pesticide Environmental Assessment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Nanjing, 210042, People's Republic of China
| | - Junying Zhou
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences/Key Laboratory of Pesticide Environmental Assessment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Nanjing, 210042, People's Republic of China
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38
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Sandlund L, Kongshaug H, Horsberg TE, Male R, Nilsen F, Dalvin S. Identification and characterisation of the ecdysone biosynthetic genes neverland, disembodied and shade in the salmon louse Lepeophtheirus salmonis (Copepoda, Caligidae). PLoS One 2018; 13:e0191995. [PMID: 29401467 PMCID: PMC5798790 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0191995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The salmon louse is a marine ectoparasitic copepod on salmonid fishes. Its lifecycle consists of eight developmental stages, each separated by a molt. In crustaceans and insects, molting and reproduction is controlled by circulating steroid hormones such as 20-hydroxyecdysone. Steroid hormones are synthesized from cholesterol through catalytic reactions involving a 7,8-dehydrogenase Neverland and several cytochrome P450 genes collectively called the Halloween genes. In this study, we have isolated and identified orthologs of neverland, disembodied and shade in the salmon louse (Lepeophtheirus salmonis) genome. Tissue-specific expression analysis show that the genes are expressed in intestine and reproductive tissue. In addition, levels of the steroid hormones ecdysone, 20-hydroxyecdysone and ponasterone A were measured during the reproductive stage of adult females and in early life stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liv Sandlund
- Sea Lice Research Centre, Department of Biological sciences, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Sea Lice Research Centre, Institute of Marine Research, Bergen, Norway
| | - Heidi Kongshaug
- Sea Lice Research Centre, Department of Biological sciences, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Tor Einar Horsberg
- Sea Lice Research Centre, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Rune Male
- Sea Lice Research Centre, Department of Biological sciences, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Frank Nilsen
- Sea Lice Research Centre, Department of Biological sciences, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Sussie Dalvin
- Sea Lice Research Centre, Institute of Marine Research, Bergen, Norway
- * E-mail:
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39
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Oropesa AL, Beltrán FJ, Floro AM, Sagasti JJP, Palma P. Ecotoxicological efficiency of advanced ozonation processes with TiO 2 and black light used in the degradation of carbamazepine. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:1670-1682. [PMID: 29101690 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-0602-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the ecotoxicological efficiency of two advanced ozonation processes (AOzPs), the catalytic ozonation (O3/TiO2) and the photocatalytic ozonation (O3/TiO2/black light), in the remotion of carbamazepine. The ecotoxicological efficiency was assessed through the use of lethal and sublethal assays with species Vibrio fischeri and Daphnia magna. Results demonstrated that the AOzPs presented an efficiency of carbamazepine removal higher than 99% (carbamazepine < 2 μg/L) after 12 min of treatment. Relatively to ecotoxicological evaluation, application of acute assay to V. fischeri and chronic assay to D. magna allowed us to highlight that these technologies may form some transformation products that induce toxicity in the bacteria and the crustacean, once these organisms exposed to the undiluted solutions (100%) showed a decrease in the bioluminescence (vibrio) and end up dying before and during the first reproduction (daphnia). Despite that, when the chronic results obtained with the diluted solutions (50 and 25%; important to assess a more realistic scenario considering the dilution factor at the environment) were analyzed, no mortality at the mothers was observed. Compared to a carbamazepine solution (200 μg/L), diluted solutions improved of the reproduction parameters, and no toxic effects in the juvenoid system and in the embryonic development were observed. Relatively to the ecdysteroid effect of a carbamazepine solution (200 μg/L), only the photocatalytic ozonation treatment was able to remove the action of the drug. These results highlight the importance of complementing chemical analysis with ecotoxicological bioassays to assess the best technology to improve the surface water and effluent quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Lourdes Oropesa
- Unidad de Toxicología, Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Extremadura, 06071, Badajoz, Spain.
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Biotecnología Ganadera y Cinegética (INBIO G+C), Universidad de Extremadura, 10003, Cáceres, Spain.
| | - Fernando Juan Beltrán
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química y Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Extremadura, 06071, Badajoz, Spain
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación del Agua, Cambio Climático y Sostenibilidad (IACYS), Universidad de Extremadura, 06071, Badajoz, Spain
| | - António Miguel Floro
- Departamento de Tecnologias e Ciências Aplicadas, Escola Superior Agrária de Beja, 7801-295, Beja, Portugal
| | - Juan José Pérez Sagasti
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química y Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Extremadura, 06071, Badajoz, Spain
| | - Patrícia Palma
- Departamento de Tecnologias e Ciências Aplicadas, Escola Superior Agrária de Beja, 7801-295, Beja, Portugal
- Centro de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIMA), FCT, Universidade do Algarve, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
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Sathapondecha P, Panyim S, Udomkit A. An essential role of Rieske domain oxygenase Neverland in the molting cycle of black tiger shrimp, Penaeus monodon. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2017; 213:11-19. [PMID: 28842223 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2017.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Revised: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 08/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Abbas MN, Zhu BJ, Kausar S, Dai LS, Sun YX, Tian JW, Liu CL. Suppressor of cytokine signaling 2-12 regulates antimicrobial peptides and ecdysteroid signaling pathways in Bombyx mori (Dazao). JOURNAL OF INSECT PHYSIOLOGY 2017; 103:47-56. [PMID: 29032156 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2017.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Revised: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Suppressors of cytokine signaling (SOCS) are a potent negative regulator of diverse cytokine-related responses to maintain various physiological processes in animals. Here, we obtained the SOCS2-12 gene sequence of Bombyx mori (Dazao) (BmSOCS2-12) from the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) to study its expression profile in different tissues, as well as in the immune tissues following larval exposure to pathogens. Further, we investigated the role of BmSOCS2-12 in producing antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) and as a regulator of ecdysteroid signaling transduction. The quantitative real-time PCR analysis revealed unequal transcript levels of BmSOCS2-12 in the different tissues, however the gene's expression was highest in those of fat body and hemocyte. The challenge with pathogens significantly upregulated the transcript level of BmSOCS2-12 in both fat body and hemocyte when compared with the control. By contrast, recombinant BmSOCS2-12 protein injections strongly suppressed the expression of AMPs, while the knockdown of BmSOCS2-12 by double-stranded RNA enhanced their production. Administration of 20-hydroxyecdysone significantly downregulated the BmSOCS2-12 expression in fat body, and the depletion of BmSOCS2-12 enhanced the transcript levels of 20-hydroxyecdysone-responsive genes at 48 h. Altogether, BmSOCS2-12 may have multiple functional roles in the physiology of B. mori (Dazao), since it negatively regulates the expression of AMPs and ecdysteroid signaling transduction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bao-Jian Zhu
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China.
| | - Saima Kausar
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Li-Shang Dai
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China.
| | - Yu-Xuan Sun
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China.
| | - Ji Wu Tian
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China.
| | - Chao-Liang Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China.
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Song Y, Evenseth LM, Iguchi T, Tollefsen KE. Release of chitobiase as an indicator of potential molting disruption in juvenile Daphnia magna exposed to the ecdysone receptor agonist 20-hydroxyecdysone. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2017; 80:954-962. [PMID: 28849998 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2017.1352215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
During arthropod molting, the old exoskeleton is degraded and recycled by the molting fluid. Chitobiase, a major chitinolytic enzyme in the molting fluid, has been widely used as a biomarker to indicate endocrine disruption of molting in arthropods under environmental stress. Although release of chitobiase was extensively studied in organisms exposed to molting-inhibiting chemicals, enzymic association with molting and response of the molting hormone receptor, ecdysone receptor (EcR), is not well understood. The present study was therefore conducted to identify potential linkages between release of chitobiase, molting frequency, and EcR activation in a freshwater crustacean Daphnia magna after short-term (96 hr) exposure to endogenous molting hormone 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E). A suite of bioassays was used for this purpose, including the chitobiase activity, molting frequency, viability, and in vitro EcR activation. Effect concentrations were compared between different assays analyzed. Results showed that exposure to 20E reduced chitobiase release and molting frequency in a concentration-dependent manner. Exposure to as low as 250 nM 20E significantly decreased release of chitobiase after 72 hr exposure, whereas adverse effects on molting frequency and incomplete molting-associated mortality required higher 20E exposure concentrations. The EcR reporter assay further demonstrated that as low as 100 nM 20E may activate EcR in vitro. Data suggest that release of chitobiase may be employed as a sensitive indicator of potential molting disruption in crustaceans after exposure to EcR agonists such as 20E.
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Affiliation(s)
- You Song
- a Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA) , Gaustadalléen , Oslo , Norway
| | - Linn Mari Evenseth
- b Department of Medical Biology , Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø-The Arctic University of Norway , Tromsø , Norway
| | - Taisen Iguchi
- c Department of Basic Biology , Faculty of Life Science, SOKENDAI, (Graduate University for Advanced Studies) , Okazaki , Aichi , Japan
- d Okazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience, National Institute for Basic Biology (NIBB), National Institutes of Natural Sciences , Okazaki , Aichi , Japan
| | - Knut Erik Tollefsen
- a Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA) , Gaustadalléen , Oslo , Norway
- e Department of Environmental Sciences (IMV), Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU) , Faculty of Environmental Science and Technology, Centre for Environmental Radioactivity (CERAD) , Ås , Norway
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Fay KA, Villeneuve DL, LaLone CA, Song Y, Tollefsen KE, Ankley GT. Practical approaches to adverse outcome pathway development and weight-of-evidence evaluation as illustrated by ecotoxicological case studies. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2017; 36:1429-1449. [PMID: 28198554 PMCID: PMC6058314 DOI: 10.1002/etc.3770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2016] [Revised: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Adverse outcome pathways (AOPs) describe toxicant effects as a sequential chain of causally linked events beginning with a molecular perturbation and culminating in an adverse outcome at an individual or population level. Strategies for developing AOPs are still evolving and depend largely on the intended use or motivation for development and data availability. The present review describes 4 ecotoxicological AOP case studies, developed for different purposes. In each situation, creation of the AOP began in a manner determined by the initial motivation for its creation and expanded either to include additional components of the pathway or to address the domains of applicability in terms of chemical initiators, susceptible species, life stages, and so forth. Some general strategies can be gleaned from these case studies, which a developer may find to be useful for supporting an existing AOP or creating a new one. Several web-based tools that can aid in AOP assembly and evaluation of weight of evidence for scientific robustness of AOP components are highlighted. Environ Toxicol Chem 2017;36:1429-1449. © 2017 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kellie A. Fay
- Mid Continent Ecology Division, U.S. EPA, Duluth, Minnesota
- University of Minnesota – Duluth, Duluth, Minnesota, USA
- Address correspondence to
| | | | | | - You Song
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Oslo, Norway
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Spanier KI, Jansen M, Decaestecker E, Hulselmans G, Becker D, Colbourne JK, Orsini L, De Meester L, Aerts S. Conserved Transcription Factors Steer Growth-Related Genomic Programs in Daphnia. Genome Biol Evol 2017; 9:1821-1842. [PMID: 28854641 PMCID: PMC5569996 DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evx127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Ecological genomics aims to understand the functional association between environmental gradients and the genes underlying adaptive traits. Many genes that are identified by genome-wide screening in ecologically relevant species lack functional annotations. Although gene functions can be inferred from sequence homology, such approaches have limited power. Here, we introduce ecological regulatory genomics by presenting an ontology-free gene prioritization method. Specifically, our method combines transcriptome profiling with high-throughput cis-regulatory sequence analysis in the water fleas Daphnia pulex and Daphnia magna. It screens coexpressed genes for overrepresented DNA motifs that serve as transcription factor binding sites, thereby providing insight into conserved transcription factors and gene regulatory networks shaping the expression profile. We first validated our method, called Daphnia-cisTarget, on a D. pulex heat shock data set, which revealed a network driven by the heat shock factor. Next, we performed RNA-Seq in D. magna exposed to the cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa. Daphnia-cisTarget identified coregulated gene networks that associate with the moulting cycle and potentially regulate life history changes in growth rate and age at maturity. These networks are predicted to be regulated by evolutionary conserved transcription factors such as the homologues of Drosophila Shavenbaby and Grainyhead, nuclear receptors, and a GATA family member. In conclusion, our approach allows prioritising candidate genes in Daphnia without bias towards prior knowledge about functional gene annotation and represents an important step towards exploring the molecular mechanisms of ecological responses in organisms with poorly annotated genomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katina I. Spanier
- Department of Biology, Laboratory of Aquatic Ecology, Evolution and Conservation, KU Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Human Genetics, Laboratory of Computational Biology, KU Leuven, Belgium
- VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, KU Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mieke Jansen
- Department of Biology, Laboratory of Aquatic Ecology, Evolution and Conservation, KU Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ellen Decaestecker
- Department of Biology, Laboratory of Aquatic Biology, Science and Technology, KU Leuven Campus Kulak, Kortrjik, Belgium
| | - Gert Hulselmans
- Department of Human Genetics, Laboratory of Computational Biology, KU Leuven, Belgium
- VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, KU Leuven, Belgium
| | - Dörthe Becker
- Environmental Genomics Group, School of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, United Kingdom
| | - John K. Colbourne
- Environmental Genomics Group, School of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Luisa Orsini
- Environmental Genomics Group, School of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Luc De Meester
- Department of Biology, Laboratory of Aquatic Ecology, Evolution and Conservation, KU Leuven, Belgium
| | - Stein Aerts
- Department of Human Genetics, Laboratory of Computational Biology, KU Leuven, Belgium
- VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, KU Leuven, Belgium
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Song Y, Villeneuve DL, Toyota K, Iguchi T, Tollefsen KE. Ecdysone Receptor Agonism Leading to Lethal Molting Disruption in Arthropods: Review and Adverse Outcome Pathway Development. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2017; 51:4142-4157. [PMID: 28355071 PMCID: PMC6135102 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b00480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Molting is critical for growth, development, reproduction, and survival in arthropods. Complex neuroendocrine pathways are involved in the regulation of molting and may potentially become targets of environmental endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs). Based on several known ED mechanisms, a wide range of pesticides has been developed to combat unwanted organisms in food production activities such as agriculture and aquaculture. Meanwhile, these chemicals may also pose hazards to nontarget species by causing molting defects, and thus potentially affecting the health of the ecosystems. The present review summarizes the available knowledge on molting-related endocrine regulation and chemically mediated disruption in arthropods (with special focus on insects and crustaceans), to identify research gaps and develop a mechanistic model for assessing environmental hazards of these compounds. Based on the review, multiple targets of EDCs in the molting processes were identified and the link between mode of action (MoA) and adverse effects characterized to inform future studies. An adverse outcome pathway (AOP) describing ecdysone receptor agonism leading to incomplete ecdysis associated mortality was developed according to the OECD guideline and subjected to weight of evidence considerations by evolved Bradford Hill Criteria. This review proposes the first invertebrate ED AOP and may serve as a knowledge foundation for future environmental studies and AOP development.
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Affiliation(s)
- You Song
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Section of Ecotoxicology and Risk Assessment, Gaustadalléen 21, N-0349 Oslo, Norway
- Corresponding Author: Knut Erik Tollefsen, Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Gaustadalléen 21, NO-0349 Oslo, Norway. Tlf.: 02348, Fax: (+47) 22 18 52 00, , You Song, Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Gaustadalléen 21, NO-0349 Oslo, Norway. Tlf.: 02348, Fax: (+47) 22 18 52 00,
| | | | - Kenji Toyota
- Environmental Genomics Group, School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Taisen Iguchi
- Department of Basic Biology, Faculty of Life Science, SOKENDAI (Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Okazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience, National Institute for Basic Biology, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki, Aichi, 444-8787, Japan
- Graduate School of Nanobioscience, Yokohama City University, Yokohama 236-0027, Japan
| | - Knut Erik Tollefsen
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Section of Ecotoxicology and Risk Assessment, Gaustadalléen 21, N-0349 Oslo, Norway
- Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Faculty of Environmental Science and Technology, Department of Environmental Sciences (IMV). P.O. Box 5003, N-1432 Ås, Norway
- Corresponding Author: Knut Erik Tollefsen, Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Gaustadalléen 21, NO-0349 Oslo, Norway. Tlf.: 02348, Fax: (+47) 22 18 52 00, , You Song, Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Gaustadalléen 21, NO-0349 Oslo, Norway. Tlf.: 02348, Fax: (+47) 22 18 52 00,
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Waiho K, Fazhan H, Shahreza MS, Moh JHZ, Noorbaiduri S, Wong LL, Sinnasamy S, Ikhwanuddin M. Transcriptome Analysis and Differential Gene Expression on the Testis of Orange Mud Crab, Scylla olivacea, during Sexual Maturation. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0171095. [PMID: 28135340 PMCID: PMC5279790 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0171095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Accepted: 01/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Adequate genetic information is essential for sustainable crustacean fisheries and aquaculture management. The commercially important orange mud crab, Scylla olivacea, is prevalent in Southeast Asia region and is highly sought after. Although it is a suitable aquaculture candidate, full domestication of this species is hampered by the lack of knowledge about the sexual maturation process and the molecular mechanisms behind it, especially in males. To date, data on its whole genome is yet to be reported for S. olivacea. The available transcriptome data published previously on this species focus primarily on females and the role of central nervous system in reproductive development. De novo transcriptome sequencing for the testes of S. olivacea from immature, maturing and mature stages were performed. A total of approximately 144 million high-quality reads were generated and de novo assembled into 160,569 transcripts with a total length of 142.2 Mb. Approximately 15–23% of the total assembled transcripts were annotated when compared to public protein sequence databases (i.e. UniProt database, Interpro database, Pfam database and Drosophila melanogaster protein database), and GO-categorised with GO Ontology terms. A total of 156,181 high-quality Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) were mined from the transcriptome data of present study. Transcriptome comparison among the testes of different maturation stages revealed one gene (beta crystallin like gene) with the most significant differential expression—up-regulated in immature stage and down-regulated in maturing and mature stages. This was further validated by qRT-PCR. In conclusion, a comprehensive transcriptome of the testis of orange mud crabs from different maturation stages were obtained. This report provides an invaluable resource for enhancing our understanding of this species’ genome structure and biology, as expressed and controlled by their gonads.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khor Waiho
- Institute of Tropical Aquaculture, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia
- * E-mail: (KW); (MI)
| | - Hanafiah Fazhan
- Institute of Tropical Aquaculture, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Md Sheriff Shahreza
- Institute of Tropical Aquaculture, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia
- School of Fisheries and Aquaculture Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Julia Hwei Zhong Moh
- Institute of Tropical Aquaculture, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Shaibani Noorbaiduri
- Institute of Tropical Aquaculture, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Li Lian Wong
- Institute of Tropical Aquaculture, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Saranya Sinnasamy
- Institute of Marine Biotechnology, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Mhd Ikhwanuddin
- Institute of Tropical Aquaculture, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia
- * E-mail: (KW); (MI)
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Song Y, Rundberget JT, Evenseth LM, Xie L, Gomes T, Høgåsen T, Iguchi T, Tollefsen KE. Whole-Organism Transcriptomic Analysis Provides Mechanistic Insight into the Acute Toxicity of Emamectin Benzoate in Daphnia magna. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2016; 50:11994-12003. [PMID: 27704796 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.6b03456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Emamectin benzoate (EMB) is an antisea lice chemical widely used in the aquaculture that may also unintentionally affect nontarget crustaceans in the environment. Although the adverse effects of this compound are well documented in various species, the full modes of action (MoAs) are still not well characterized. The current study was therefore conducted to characterize the MoAs of EMB and link perturbations of key toxicological pathways to adverse effects in the model freshwater crustacean Daphnia magna. Effects on molting and survival were determined after 48 h exposure to EMB, whereas global transcriptional changes and the ecdysone receptor (EcR) binding potency was determined to characterize the MoA. The results showed that the molting frequency and survival of D. magna decreased in a concentration-dependent manner, and the observed changes could not be attributed to direct interactions with the EcR. Major MoAs such as activation of glutamate-gated chloride channels and gamma-aminobutyric acid signaling, disruption of neuroendocrine regulation of molting, perturbation of energy homeostasis, suppression of DNA repair and induction of programmed cell death were observed by transcriptional analysis and successfully linked to the adverse effects. This study has demonstrated that acute exposure to intermediate and high pM levels of EMB may pose hazards to nontarget crustaceans in the aquatic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- You Song
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Section of Ecotoxicology and Risk Assessment , Gaustadalléen 21, N-0349 Oslo, Norway
| | - Jan Thomas Rundberget
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Section of Ecotoxicology and Risk Assessment , Gaustadalléen 21, N-0349 Oslo, Norway
| | - Linn Mari Evenseth
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø-The Arctic University of Norway , NO-9037 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Li Xie
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Section of Ecotoxicology and Risk Assessment , Gaustadalléen 21, N-0349 Oslo, Norway
- Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU) , Faculty of Environmental Science and Technology, Department of Environmental Sciences (IMV), Centre for Environmental Radioactivity (CERAD). P.O. Box 5003, N-1432 Ås, Oslo, Norway
| | - Tânia Gomes
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Section of Ecotoxicology and Risk Assessment , Gaustadalléen 21, N-0349 Oslo, Norway
- Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU) , Faculty of Environmental Science and Technology, Department of Environmental Sciences (IMV), Centre for Environmental Radioactivity (CERAD). P.O. Box 5003, N-1432 Ås, Oslo, Norway
| | - Tore Høgåsen
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Section of Ecotoxicology and Risk Assessment , Gaustadalléen 21, N-0349 Oslo, Norway
| | - Taisen Iguchi
- Department of Basic Biology, Faculty of Life Science, SOKENDAI, Graduate University for Advanced Studies , 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8787, Japan
- Okazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience, National Institute for Basic Biology (NIBB), National Institutes of Natural Sciences , 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8787, Japan
| | - Knut Erik Tollefsen
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Section of Ecotoxicology and Risk Assessment , Gaustadalléen 21, N-0349 Oslo, Norway
- Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU) , Faculty of Environmental Science and Technology, Department of Environmental Sciences (IMV), Centre for Environmental Radioactivity (CERAD). P.O. Box 5003, N-1432 Ås, Oslo, Norway
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Houde M, Douville M, Giraudo M, Jean K, Lépine M, Spencer C, De Silva AO. Endocrine-disruption potential of perfluoroethylcyclohexane sulfonate (PFECHS) in chronically exposed Daphnia magna. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2016; 218:950-956. [PMID: 27554979 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.08.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Revised: 08/15/2016] [Accepted: 08/17/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Perfluoroethylcyclohexane sulfonate (PFECHS), mainly used in hydraulic fluids in aircrafts, is a member of the perfluoroalkyl sulfonate family which includes the regulated perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS). PFECHS has been reported in environmental samples but its toxicity to aquatic organisms is unknown. The objectives of this study were to identify biological pathways altered by sublethal exposure (12 d) of D. magna to PFECHS (0.06, 0.6, and 6 mg/L) using microarray and quantitative real-time PCR and to identify potential biomarkers to link transcriptomic to phenotypic responses. PFECHS was also quantified in surface water samples (1.04-1.38 ng/L) collected from the St. Lawrence River, Canada. Transcriptomic analyses indicated the under-regulation of vitellogenin-related genes (VTG1) in PFECHS-exposed groups. PFECHS exposure also led to the up-regulation of genes related to cuticle. VTG was selected as a potential cellular marker and identified in D. magna using an immuno-specific assay and quantified using Western blot and LC/MS/MS. Results indicated a decrease of VTG content in exposed D. magna which was in concordance with the transcription of VTG-related genes. No effects were observed on survival, molting, or reproduction at the individual/population levels. Overall, results suggest endocrine disruption potential for PFECHS in D. magna at concentrations higher than levels reported in the aquatic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magali Houde
- Environment and Climate Change Canada, 105 McGill Street, Montreal, QC, H2Y 2E7, Canada.
| | - Mélanie Douville
- Environment and Climate Change Canada, 105 McGill Street, Montreal, QC, H2Y 2E7, Canada
| | - Maeva Giraudo
- Environment and Climate Change Canada, 105 McGill Street, Montreal, QC, H2Y 2E7, Canada
| | - Keven Jean
- Environment and Climate Change Canada, 105 McGill Street, Montreal, QC, H2Y 2E7, Canada
| | - Mélanie Lépine
- Environment and Climate Change Canada, 105 McGill Street, Montreal, QC, H2Y 2E7, Canada
| | - Christine Spencer
- Environment and Climate Change Canada, 867 Lakeshore Road, Burlington, ON, L7S 1A1, Canada
| | - Amila O De Silva
- Environment and Climate Change Canada, 867 Lakeshore Road, Burlington, ON, L7S 1A1, Canada
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Oropesa AL, Floro AM, Palma P. Assessment of the effects of the carbamazepine on the endogenous endocrine system of Daphnia magna. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:17311-21. [PMID: 27225007 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-6907-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2016] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, the endocrine activity of the antiepileptic pharmaceutical carbamazepine (CBZ) in the crustacean Daphnia magna was assessed. To assess the hormonal activity of the drug, we exposed maternal daphnids and embryos to environmental relevant concentrations of CBZ (ranging from 10 to 200 μg/L) and to mixtures of CBZ with fenoxycarb (FEN; 1 μg/L). Chronic exposure to CBZ significantly decreased the reproductive output and the number of molts of D. magna at 200 μg/L. This compound induced the production of male offspring (12 ± 1.7 %), in a non-concentration-dependent manner, acting as a weak juvenile hormone analog. Results showed that this substance, at tested concentrations, did not antagonize the juvenoid action of FEN. Further, CBZ has shown to be toxic to daphnid embryos through maternal exposure interfering with their normal gastrulation and organogenesis stages but not producing direct embryo toxicity. These findings suggest that CBZ could act as an endocrine disruptor in D. magna as it decreases the reproductive output, interferes with sex determination, and causes development abnormality in offspring. Therefore, CBZ could directly affect the population sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- A L Oropesa
- Unidad de Toxicología, Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Extremadura, Badajoz, 06071, Spain.
| | - A M Floro
- Departamento de Tecnologias e Ciências Aplicadas, Escola Superior Agrária de Beja, Beja, 7801-295, Portugal
| | - P Palma
- Departamento de Tecnologias e Ciências Aplicadas, Escola Superior Agrária de Beja, Beja, 7801-295, Portugal
- CIMA-Centro de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, CIMA, FCT, Universidade do Algarve, Faro, 8005-139, Portugal
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Weiss LC, Leese F, Laforsch C, Tollrian R. Dopamine is a key regulator in the signalling pathway underlying predator-induced defences in Daphnia. Proc Biol Sci 2016; 282:20151440. [PMID: 26423840 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2015.1440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The waterflea Daphnia is a model to investigate the genetic basis of phenotypic plasticity resulting from one differentially expressed genome. Daphnia develops adaptive phenotypes (e.g. morphological defences) thwarting predators, based on chemical predator cue perception. To understand the genomic basis of phenotypic plasticity, the description of the precedent cellular and neuronal mechanisms is fundamental. However, key regulators remain unknown. All neuronal and endocrine stimulants were able to modulate but not induce defences, indicating a pathway of interlinked steps. A candidate able to link neuronal with endocrine responses is the multi-functional amine dopamine. We here tested its involvement in trait formation in Daphnia pulex and Daphnia longicephala using an induction assay composed of predator cues combined with dopaminergic and cholinergic stimulants. The mere application of both stimulants was sufficient to induce morphological defences. We determined dopamine localization in cells found in close association with the defensive trait. These cells serve as centres controlling divergent morphologies. As a mitogen and sclerotization agent, we anticipate that dopamine is involved in proliferation and structural formation of morphological defences. Furthermore, dopamine pathways appear to be interconnected with endocrine pathways, and control juvenile hormone and ecdysone levels. In conclusion, dopamine is suggested as a key regulator of phenotypic plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda C Weiss
- Department of Animal Ecology, Evolution and Biodiversity, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstrasse 150, Bochum 44801, Germany Environmental Genomics Group, School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B18 2TT, UK
| | - Florian Leese
- Department of Animal Ecology, Evolution and Biodiversity, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstrasse 150, Bochum 44801, Germany Aquatic Ecosystem Research Group, University of Duisburg and Essen, Universitätsstrasse 5, Essen 45141, Germany
| | - Christian Laforsch
- Aquatic Ecosystem Research Group, University of Duisburg and Essen, Universitätsstrasse 5, Essen 45141, Germany Department of Animal Ecology I, University Bayreuth, Universitätsstrasse 30, Bayreuth 95447, Germany
| | - Ralph Tollrian
- Department of Animal Ecology, Evolution and Biodiversity, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstrasse 150, Bochum 44801, Germany
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