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Nagar A, Madamanchi D. Digital dilemma: Addressing the youth internet addiction surge. J Family Med Prim Care 2024; 13:2802-2803. [PMID: 39071007 PMCID: PMC11271999 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_418_24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Akash Nagar
- Department of Community Medicine, Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Center, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Sant Tukaram Nagar, Pimpri, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Divya Madamanchi
- Department of Community Medicine, Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Center, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Sant Tukaram Nagar, Pimpri, Pune, Maharashtra, India
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Tilahun WM, Tadesse AA, Wolde HF, Gebreegziabher ZA, Abebaw WA, Simegn MB, Abay LY, Tesfie TK. Factors associated with problematic internet use among University of Gondar undergraduate students, Northwest Ethiopia: Structural equation modeling. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0302033. [PMID: 38889136 PMCID: PMC11185474 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0302033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND For young adults and adolescents, excessive internet use has become a serious public health concern due to its negative impact on their health. It has been associated with detrimental effects on both physical and mental health. Negative academic outcomes were observed in the students, including missing classes, lower grades, and academic dismissal. Therefore, the purpose of the current study was to identify factors associated with PIU among undergraduate students at the University of Gondar. METHOD A cross-sectional study was conducted at the University of Gondar among 1514 undergraduate students from June 1-20, 2022. The study participants were selected using a stratified simple random selection procedure. Using structural equation modeling, the degree of relationship was ascertained. A p-value of less than 0.05 and an adjusted regression coefficient with a 95% confidence interval (CI) were used to interpret the data. RESULTS In our study, being from non-health departments [β = 0.11, 95% CI: 0.037, 0.181], current alcohol use [β = 0.12, 95% CI: 0.061, 0.187], depressive symptoms [β = 0.23, 95% CI: 0.175, 0.291], insomnia symptoms [β = 0.12, 95% CI: 0.060, 0.196], and ADHD symptoms [β = 0.11, 95% CI: 0.049, 0.166] had a significant positive effect on PIU, while having a history of head injury had a significant negative effect [β = -0.12, 95% CI: -0.226, -0.021] on PIU. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION Factors such as current alcohol use, non-health department type, depressive symptoms, insomnia, and ADHD symptoms were positively associated with PIU. However, a history of head injuries was negatively associated with PIU. Therefore, strategies aimed at the early identification of PIU may lead to an improvement in the psychosocial health of university students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Werkneh Melkie Tilahun
- Department of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Science, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia
| | - Asefa Adimasu Tadesse
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institute of Public Health, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Haileab Fekadu Wolde
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institute of Public Health, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Zenebe Abebe Gebreegziabher
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Debre Birhan University, Debre Birhan, Ethiopia
| | - Wondwosen Abey Abebaw
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Woldia University, Woldia, Ethiopia
| | - Mulat Belay Simegn
- Department of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Science, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia
| | - Lamrot Yohannes Abay
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institute of Public Health, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Tigabu Kidie Tesfie
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institute of Public Health, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
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Rufino JV, Rodrigues R, Mesas AE, Guidoni CM. [The mediating role of social media addiction and sleep quality in the association between social media usage and depressive symptoms in university students]. CAD SAUDE PUBLICA 2024; 40:e00097423. [PMID: 38896597 PMCID: PMC11178374 DOI: 10.1590/0102-311xpt097423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Increase in time spent on social media and its association with depressive symptoms, especially among young adults, has generated the need to understand how this association occurs in order to support the development of policies to reduce harm and complications. In view of this fact, this study aimed to assess the mediating effect of social media addiction and sleep quality on the association between time spent on social media and depressive symptoms in Brazilian university students. This is a cross-sectional study conducted with 2,823 university students, who provided information regarding time spent on social media, social media addiction, depressive symptoms and sleep quality. The mediation analysis, adjusted for confounding factors, was performed using the PROCESS macro for SPSS to obtain the total (c), direct (c'), and indirect effects (EI1, EI2, and EI3). The results identified an association between time spent on social media and depressive symptoms, mediated by social media addiction (EI1 = 20%) and sleep quality (EI1 = 40%). These findings help expand knowledge about the mechanisms that mutually influence the relationship between time spent on social media and depressive symptoms, supporting the adoption of strategies to reduce harm resulting from excessive social media use.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Renne Rodrigues
- Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brasil
- Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul, Chapecó, Brasil
| | - Arthur Eumann Mesas
- Health and Social Research Center, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Cuenca, España
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Zalewska A, Gałczyk M. Fatigue, Internet Addiction and Symptoms of Long COVID-A Cross-Sectional Study of Polish Students. J Clin Med 2024; 13:3383. [PMID: 38929912 PMCID: PMC11205095 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13123383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Fatigue is the most persistent symptom in patients with long COVID. Moreover, Internet addiction itself has become a pandemic long-term effect. The aim of this study was to investigate the degree of fatigue and Internet addiction in a group of students with COVID-19 and to determine the relationship between fatigue and addiction in students with and without long COVID symptoms. Material and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 402 Polish students aged 19-26. The 183 students who had COVID-19 signaled the presence of long COVID symptoms, which corresponded to 45.5% of the surveyed group. The Modified Fatigue Impact Scale was used to assess the level of fatigue, and the Kimberly Young questionnaire was used to assess the level of Internet addiction. Results: 19.7% (95% c.i.: 15.9-23.9%) of the students surveyed had a moderate level of Internet dependence (Internet addiction measure value of 50 points or more). Most of them did not complain of high levels of fatigue. Higher levels of dependence and fatigue were observed in subjects with long COVID symptoms (MFIS mean value was 26.5 in this group vs. 17.7 in the others; p = 0.0000 ***). The higher the respondents' level of dependence, the more they tended to feel tired (correlations were stronger in those with long COVID symptoms: rS = 0.23; p = 0.0017 **). Conclusions: In view of the results obtained, the study presented here has the potential to contribute to the international debate on the long-term health consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic and strategies to address them. The study provides data that may be useful in the development of educational and health policies that target the psychophysical well-being of patients with long COVID symptoms. This process should be considered as a long-term endeavor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Zalewska
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Lomza, 14 Akademicka St., 18-400 Lomza, Poland;
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Brouzos A, Papadopoulou A, Baourda VC. Effectiveness of a web-based group intervention for internet addiction in university students. Psychiatry Res 2024; 336:115883. [PMID: 38598947 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2024.115883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
The phenomenon of Internet addiction has been systematically addressed with numerous studies highlighting its association with deficits in self-regulation. Despite the extensive literature elucidating the adverse effects of Internet addiction on university students, the availability of relevant interventions has remained constrained. The current study aimed at evaluating a web-based, group intervention, which aimed to prevent Internet addiction and enhance self-regulation. The sample consisted of 47 undergraduate and postgraduate university students (Ν = 47, Mage=21, SD = 3), who were divided into an intervention (n = 24) and a control group (n = 23). The participants were asked to complete a) the Internet Addiction Test (Young, 1998), and b) the Self-Regulation Questionnaire (Brown et al., 1999), prior to the commencement of the intervention, after its conclusion, and one and a half months after the intervention. The web-based intervention consisted of 6 sessions, over a two-week period. Results indicated an improvement of self-regulation and Internet addiction levels for the intervention group, compared to the control group. These results were maintained at the one and a half months follow-up. Implications for designing and implementing web-based group interventions for Internet addiction are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Brouzos
- Laboratory of Educational Psychology, Counselling and Research, Department of Primary Education, University of Ioannina, 451 10 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Aikaterini Papadopoulou
- Laboratory of Educational Psychology, Counselling and Research, Department of Primary Education, University of Ioannina, 451 10 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Vasiliki C Baourda
- Laboratory of Educational Psychology, Counselling and Research, Department of Primary Education, University of Ioannina, 451 10 Ioannina, Greece.
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Nalwoga V, Kizito S, Kigongo E, Atwine P, Kabunga A. The Lived Experiences of Individuals and Coping Strategies in the Context of Internet Gaming Disorder: A Qualitative Study Within Higher Education Setting in Uganda. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2024; 20:823-834. [PMID: 38601069 PMCID: PMC11005923 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s454304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD), recognized as a mental disorder in both the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM-5) and International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11), poses significant threats to physical, social, and mental well-being. This study aims to delve into the experiences of individuals grappling with IGD. Methods and Materials The study employed an interpretive phenomenology, conducting interviews with 10 graduate students at Makerere University. Participants were purposefully sampled until data saturation was achieved during interviews, which took place between May and July 2023. An interview guide facilitated data collection (Supplementary File 1), and thematic analysis was manually applied for data interpretation, utilizing intuition and imaginative approaches. Results The findings revealed that the majority of participants started gaming during childhood, starting with offline games. Exposure to gadgets and games, idle time, and stress emerged as key triggers for IGD. Participants reported experiencing sleep deficits, deteriorating interpersonal relationships, declining job performance, unhealthy eating habits, academic challenges, and wastage of money and time. The study also identified strategies employed by participants to mitigate their gaming behaviors, such as refraining from purchasing data, seeking support from friends, and uninstalling the game app, although relapses were common. Conclusion The study highlights a global pattern of early initiation into gaming, emphasizing the need for early intervention and preventive measures. Factors such as easy accessibility and affordability of gaming platforms, idleness, and stress play significant roles in motivating internet gaming, contributing to a higher prevalence among the studied population. The research underscores the adverse effects of IGD on students, affecting academic performance, interpersonal relationships, and job performance. Notably, participants demonstrate agency in addressing IGD through practical coping strategies, including controlling data access, seeking social support, and uninstalling games. These coping mechanisms provide valuable insights into the complex nature of addressing IGD and form a basis for developing targeted interventions and support systems within the higher education setting in Uganda.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viola Nalwoga
- Department of Community Psychology and Mental Health, Makerere University, Kampala City, Uganda
- Department of Psychiatry, Lira University, Lira City, Uganda
| | - Simon Kizito
- Department of Community Psychology and Mental Health, Makerere University, Kampala City, Uganda
| | - Eustes Kigongo
- Department of Environmental Health and Disease Control, Lira University, Lira City, Uganda
| | - Praise Atwine
- Department of Community Psychology and Mental Health, Makerere University, Kampala City, Uganda
| | - Amir Kabunga
- Department of Psychiatry, Lira University, Lira City, Uganda
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Mohamed KO, Soumit SM, Elseed AA, Allam WA, Soomit AM, Humeda HS. Prevalence of Internet Addiction and Its Associated Risk Factors Among Medical Students in Sudan: A Cross-Sectional Study. Cureus 2024; 16:e53543. [PMID: 38445147 PMCID: PMC10912992 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.53543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Internet addiction has been studied extensively worldwide and shown to have adverse social, psychological, and functional consequences. It has become a global health issue, particularly among young adults. Unfortunately, few studies have been conducted among medical students in Sudan. This study aimed to measure the prevalence of internet addiction and determine its associated risk factors among medical students in Sudan. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted among medical students using a systematic sampling technique. An online structured questionnaire was used, which included sociodemographic data and the Internet Addiction Test (IAT) to assess the presence and severity of internet addiction, as well as the Kessler Questionnaire to assess psychological distress. Results Among the 307 medical students who participated in this study, 63.8% (n=196) were female. The majority 78.5% (n=242) were aged 18-22 years, and the prevalence of internet addiction was 75.5% (n=232). The addiction levels were as follows: mild, 39.7% (n=122); moderate, 33.2% (n=102); and severe, 2.6% (n=8). Multivariate regression analysis revealed that being a female medical student was associated with a 1.9 times higher risk of internet addiction (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 1.87, p = 0.033). Psychological distress was associated with a 6.368-fold higher risk of internet addiction compared to non-distressed students (AOR = 6.368, p < 0.001). Additionally, students in the clinical years had a lower risk of internet addiction, specifically in the fourth and fifth years (AOR = 0.325, p = 0.010; AOR = 0.398, p = 0.043, respectively). Conclusions This study found a high prevalence of internet addiction among medical students at the National University, Khartoum, Sudan, which was strongly associated with mental distress. Effective awareness programs, potentially initiated by educational authorities, are required to educate students on limiting excessive internet usage and addressing associated risk factors. Future research should include longitudinal and multi-university studies to obtain more generalizable results and to investigate the relationship between internet addiction and mental distress more robustly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid O Mohamed
- Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bahri, Khartoum, SDN
| | - Sozan M Soumit
- Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Sudan International University, Khartoum, SDN
| | - Aziza A Elseed
- Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, National University, Khartoum, SDN
| | - Wamda A Allam
- Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Omdurman Islamic University, Omdurman, SDN
| | - Amro M Soomit
- Urology, The Arab Board of Health Specializations, Khartoum, SDN
| | - Humeda S Humeda
- Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Alzaiem Al-azhari University, Khartoum, SDN
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Feleke N, Mihretu A, Habtamu K, Amare B, Teferra S. Validation of the Amharic version of Internet Addiction Test-20: a cross-sectional study. Front Psychiatry 2024; 14:1243035. [PMID: 38264639 PMCID: PMC10803712 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1243035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Internet Addiction is defined as excessive internet use or poorly controlled preoccupations, impulses, or behaviors related to computer use and internet access that cause impairment or suffering. It had devastating effect on people lives, families, productivity, academic performance and rarely engaging in criminal acts like alcohol use, drug addiction, or compulsive gambling. This study aimed to investigate the psychometric properties of the Amharic version of Internet Addiction Test-20 among Addis Ababa University, College of Health Sciences medical students, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Methods A cross sectional study was carried out among 410 medical students using a convenience sampling method after stratifying them based on their year level. SPSS Version 23 was used to do Pearson's correlation coefficient to determine the convergent validity of Amharic version of IAT. We computed correlation coefficient between the aggregate scores of IAT-20 and the scores for depressive symptoms, problematic substance use, and other characteristics of participants which was assessed using Patient health questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST) and questionnaire developed to assess demographic and internet use related characteristics, respectively. AMOS 23 software was used to conduct confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to evaluate the construct validity of Amharic version of IAT. Test-retest reliability was also determined with 2 weeks interval (n = 51). Results The data confirmed a two-factor structure. Normed Fit Index (NFI) = 0.89, Tucker Lewis Index (TLI) = 0.91 and Comparative Fit Index (CFI) = 0.92, Root Mean Square Error Approximation (RMSEA) = 0.07, and Standardized Root Mean Residual (SRMR) =0.05 indicated a good fit model structure. There was moderate positive correlation between the aggregate scores of IAT-20 and PHQ-9 scores (r = 0.55, p < 0.00), but weak positive correlation between IAT-20 and ASSIST scores (r = 0.14, p < 0.00). IAT-20 was also found to have good internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.89 for each factor). The test-retest reliability was also good for all items (Intra Class Correlation Coefficient (ICC) > 0.30) except item 16. Conclusion We found that the IAT-20 is psychometrically sound and a simple screening test for Internet Addiction. However, it is important to acknowledge that further studies are necessary to replicate these findings on diverse population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nekatbeb Feleke
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
| | - Awoke Mihretu
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Kassahun Habtamu
- School of Psychology, College of Education and Behavioral Studies, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Beakal Amare
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Solomon Teferra
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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Rani S, Sinha N, Kumar R. Prevalence of internet addiction and its relationship with insomnia, depression, anxiety, and stress among medical students of a tertiary care medical institute of Eastern India. Ind Psychiatry J 2024; 33:94-100. [PMID: 38853812 PMCID: PMC11155643 DOI: 10.4103/ipj.ipj_134_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Internet has become an integral part of our daily lives but as the use of internet is increasing, it is important to be aware of the prevalence, context, and impact of its addiction on sleep and the presence of anxiety, depression, and stress in our lives. Aim To assess the prevalence of internet addiction and its association with insomnia, depression, anxiety, and stress among medical students in a tertiary care medical institute in Eastern India. Materials and Methods A descriptive cross-sectional questionnaire-based study with a purposive sampling method was conducted among 420 undergraduate medical students of different professional years. Out of 420 medical students, 413 students who gave consent and returned complete performa were taken in the study using a semi-structured performa for sociodemographic details, Young's Internet Addiction Test, Insomnia Severity Index, and Depression Anxiety Stress Scale. Results We found 31.2% of students had internet addiction, 24.2% had clinical insomnia, 58.1% had stress, 68.8% had anxiety, and 64.6% had depression. Potential internet addiction was significantly related to average screen time, insomnia, stress, anxiety, and depression. Conclusions Internet addiction is prevalent among medical students affecting sleep, anxiety, depression, and stress, which needs urgent preventive strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shreya Rani
- Department of Psychiatry, Indira Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, Bihar, India
| | - Niska Sinha
- Department of Psychiatry, Indira Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, Bihar, India
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- Department of Psychiatry, Indira Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, Bihar, India
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Amano A, Ahmed G, Nigussie K, Asfaw H, Fekadu G, Hiko A, Abdeta T, Soboka M. Internet addiction and associated factors among undergraduate students of Jimma University; Jimma, South West Ethiopia, institutional based cross-sectional study. BMC Psychiatry 2023; 23:721. [PMID: 37798719 PMCID: PMC10552302 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-05197-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Internet addiction affects cognitive function, has a harmful impact on students' academic performance, and increases their risk of experiencing psychological crises. OBJECTIVES Examining the prevalence of internet addiction and its contributing factors among regular undergraduate students at Jimma University in south-west Ethiopia. METHODS An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted among study participants between August 1 and August 30, 2021. A total of 772 Participants were involved in the study using a multistage random sampling technique. Data was collected using pretested and structured questionnaires with self-administered techniques. The Young Internet Addiction Test (YIAT) was used to measure internet addiction. The data was entered into the computer using Epi Data version 4.6, and then it was exported to the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 25 for analysis. The association between each independent variable and the outcome variable was examined using bivariate analysis. Variables with a p-value of less than 0.25 in bivariate analysis were included in the multivariate logistic regression model to determine how each independent variable affected the outcome variable. RESULT The prevalence of internet addiction among study participants was 53.6% (95% Confidence Interval (CI)) (49.99%, 57.15%). Findings from multivariate logistic regression analysis suggested a variety of related factors had significant associations with internet addiction. Being dissatisfied with a major study, having a cumulative grade point average of a promoted grade report, using the internet for entertainment, using the internet for Facebook, using the internet for telegram, depression, social anxiety, and poor social support. CONCLUSION This study revealed a comparatively high frequency of internet addiction among study participants. Internet addiction has been linked to psychosocial, academic, and purpose-related aspects of internet use. As a result, incorporating stakeholders' efforts to improve the identified variables would be a helpful start toward lowering this high incidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulkarim Amano
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Haramaya University College of Health and Medical Sciences, Harar, Ethiopia.
| | - Gutema Ahmed
- Department of psychiatry, faculty of medicine Institute of health Sciences, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
| | - Kabtamu Nigussie
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Haramaya University College of Health and Medical Sciences, Harar, Ethiopia
| | - Henock Asfaw
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Haramaya University College of Health and Medical Sciences, Harar, Ethiopia
| | - Gelana Fekadu
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Haramaya University College of Health and Medical Sciences, Harar, Ethiopia
| | - Ahmed Hiko
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Haramaya University College of Health and Medical Sciences, Harar, Ethiopia
| | - Tilahun Abdeta
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Haramaya University College of Health and Medical Sciences, Harar, Ethiopia
| | - Matiwos Soboka
- Department of psychiatry, faculty of medicine Institute of health Sciences, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
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Zalewska A, Gałczyk M, Sobolewski M, Fernandes H. Internet Addiction and Physical Activity among Polish and Portuguese Students in the Final Year of the COVID-19 Pandemic. J Clin Med 2023; 12:5204. [PMID: 37629246 PMCID: PMC10455946 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12165204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM The purpose of this study was to analyze the level of Internet addiction and physical activity, as well as the relationship between internet addiction and physical activity, among Polish and Portuguese students in the final year of the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS A web-based online survey was conducted among students in Poland and Portugal (398 respondents) aged between 17 and 26 in October 2022. The level of internet addiction was assessed by the Kimberly Young questionnaire in Polish and in Portuguese. The level of physical activity was measured by the international physical activity questionnaire in Polish and in Portuguese. RESULTS In the study population, the majority of the respondents were mildly addicted to the internet. The average level of addiction was reported by 9.3-23.5% of the respondents. The average level of internet addiction was higher among Portuguese students and among men. Those who had suffered from COVID-19 (especially more than once) and were more physically active showed a higher tendency towards internet addiction. CONCLUSIONS Internet addiction is a problem that has to be monitored and given more attention, particularly among male students. The results presented provide the first statistical insight into the problem of internet addiction among students in both countries and form the basis for further studies. They also highlight the severity of the problem and point to the need for early preventive and protective interventions against problematic internet use. It appears that effective strategies should include promoting the benefits of physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Zalewska
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Lomza, 14 Akademicka St., 18-400 Lomza, Poland;
| | - Monika Gałczyk
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Lomza, 14 Akademicka St., 18-400 Lomza, Poland;
| | - Marek Sobolewski
- Plant of Quantitative Methods, Rzeszow University of Technology, al. Powstancow Warszawy 12, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland;
| | - Hélder Fernandes
- Health Sciences Research Unit: Nursing (UICISA: E), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal;
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Onukwuli VO, Onyinye EN, Udigwe IB, Umeh UM, Enebe JT, Umerah AT. Internet addiction during the COVID-19 pandemic among adolescents in southeast Nigeria and implications for adolescent care in the post-pandemic era: A cross-sectional study. SAGE Open Med 2023; 11:20503121231152763. [PMID: 36860685 PMCID: PMC9969478 DOI: 10.1177/20503121231152763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study aimed to determine the prevalence and associated factors of internet addiction amongst adolescents in Southeast Nigeria during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) era. Methods A cross-sectional study was carried out in 10 randomly selected secondary schools, 2 (one urban and one rural) each from Abia, Anambra, Ebonyi Enugu and Imo states of southeastern Nigeria between July and August 2021. Data on demographic variables were collected using a structured self-administered questionnaire. Young's Internet Addiction Test was used to assess the extent of internet use. Analysis was done using the IBM SPSS Statistics version 23. The level of significance was set at a p-value of <0.05. Results The mean age of the respondents was 16.2 ± 1.8 years and the male: female ratio was 1:1.6. Most of the adolescents (61.1%) used the internet for academic purposes, while 32.8% used it for social interactions and the majority (51.5%) used their phones. The prevalence of internet addiction was 88.1% (24.9% had mild, 59.6% had moderate, while 3.6% had severe addiction) and a good proportion of the respondents (81.1%) perceived addiction as bad. Internet addiction was significantly associated with the respondent's age (p = 0.043), mother's level of education (p = 0.023), family size (p = 0.021), place of residence (p = 0.035), alcohol intake (p = 0.017), smoking (p = 0.015), substance use (p = 0.001) as well as the duration of internet use (p < 0.001). Internet addiction was predicted by the male gender (adjusted odds ratio (AOR): 2.054; confidence interval (CI): 1.200-3.518), early adolescent age group (10-13 years) (AOR: 0.115; C1: 0.015-0.895) as well as the duration of internet use (AOR: 0.301; CI: 0.189-0.479). Conclusions The prevalence of internet addiction among adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic era was high. The predictors of addiction were the male gender, early adolescent age group and duration of internet use.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Uche Marian Umeh
- Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University
Teaching Hospital, Awka, Anambra, Nigeria
| | - Joseph Tochukwu Enebe
- ESUT Teaching Hospital, Parklane,
Enugu, Nigeria,Joseph Tochukwu Enebe, ESUT Teaching
Hospital, Parklane, GRA, Parklane, Enugu 400102, Nigeria.
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Sánchez-Fernández M, Borda-Mas M, Mora-Merchán J. Problematic internet use by university students and associated predictive factors: A systematic review. COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2022.107532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Anyanwu MU. Psychological distress in adolescents: prevalence and its relation to high-risk behaviors among secondary school students in Mbarara Municipality, Uganda. BMC Psychol 2023; 11:5. [PMID: 36624544 PMCID: PMC9830719 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-023-01039-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psychological distress among adolescents negatively affects their academic performance, relationships with family and friends, and ability to participate fully in the community. Stressful life events in low-income countries and risk-taking behavior of adolescents have raised concerns regarding the impact of psychological distress among adolescents. Therefore, the present study estimated the prevalence of psychological distress and examined the high-risk behaviors associated with psychological distress among Ugandan adolescents. METHODS A community based cross-sectional study was conducted among secondary school students in Mbarara Municipality, Uganda. Multistage cluster sampling was used to recruit 921 adolescents from 12 schools. Psychological distress was assessed using the 10-item Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10). Logistic regression was used with p-value estimating regression coefficient and 95% confidence interval for odds ratio and adjusted odds ratio (AOR). RESULTS The prevalence of psychological distress using the K10 was 57%. Logistic regression analyses showed that risky sexual behavior [AOR = 1.52; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.02-2.28], substance use (AOR = 2.06; 95% CI 1.49-2.84) were associated with psychological distress. Students in mixed schools (comprising both sexes) (AOR = 1.94; 95% CI 1.19-3.15) and adolescents with chronic illness (AOR = 1.68; 95% CI 1.18-2.38) were more likely to report psychological distress. CONCLUSION The prevalence of psychological distress among school-going adolescents is high. Risky sexual behavior, substance use as well as chronic illness were associated with psychological distress. In addition, the type of school was significantly associated with psychological distress. The findings suggest the need for policy makers and stakeholders in health and education sectors to institute measures that will address mental health issues among adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael U. Anyanwu
- grid.33440.300000 0001 0232 6272Department of Community Health, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, P.O Box 1410, Mbarara, Uganda
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Acharya S, Adhikari L, Khadka S, Paudel S, Kaphle M. Internet Addiction and Its Associated Factors among Undergraduate Students in Kathmandu, Nepal. JOURNAL OF ADDICTION 2023; 2023:8782527. [PMID: 37091192 PMCID: PMC10118885 DOI: 10.1155/2023/8782527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
Background Internet has penetrated all processes of life and has become an unavoidable part of people's daily life. This widespread use of the Internet has resulted in significant concerns with regard to problematic Internet behaviours and related conditions. The aim of the study was to find out the prevalence of Internet addiction and its associated factors among undergraduate students in Kathmandu. Materials and Methods We included all together 344 undergraduate students from different colleges affiliated to Pokhara University for this cross-sectional study. We used self-administered questionnaire consisting of the Internet Addiction Test scale to assess the Internet addiction. We coded the data, entered it in Epi-Data 3.1 and transferred to IBM SPSS 25 for analysis. We applied bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis to identify factors associated with Internet addiction, and p value <0.05 was considered as statistically significantt. Results The prevalence of Internet addiction was found to be 29.90% (95% CI: 25.0-34.9). In the chi-squared test relationship with parents, parental control over the Internet use, perceived feeling of loneliness, and time spent on internet per day were found to be statistically associated (p < 0.05) with Internet addiction. Conclusion This study revealed nearly one-third of the Internet addiction among undergraduate students. Relationship with parents, parental control over the internet use, perceived loneliness feelings, and time spent on internet per day were significantly associated with Internet addiction along other factors. Therefore, it is important to raise awareness among young generation, parents, and teachers towards risk of Internet addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonu Acharya
- Department of Public Health, CiST College, Kathmandu 44600, Nepal
| | - Laxmi Adhikari
- Department of Public Health, CiST College, Kathmandu 44600, Nepal
| | - Santosh Khadka
- Department of Public Health, CiST College, Kathmandu 44600, Nepal
| | - Shishir Paudel
- Department of Public Health, CiST College, Kathmandu 44600, Nepal
| | - Maheshor Kaphle
- Department of Public Health, CiST College, Kathmandu 44600, Nepal
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Parmar JS, Kumbhakar S. Prevalence of internet addiction and its impact on selected psychological parameters among UG nursing students. JOURNAL OF EDUCATION AND HEALTH PROMOTION 2022; 11:407. [PMID: 36824073 PMCID: PMC9942125 DOI: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_610_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Currently, the use of the internet is one of the most important tools, which may lead to negative or positive impact on college or school students. The excessive use of electronic media may lead to change in the mood, an inability to resist internet usage, a diminishing social life, withdrawal symptoms while unengaged, affecting self-esteem, and adverse work or academic consequences. The main objective of this study is to explore Internet use and its impact on selected psychological parameters such as depression and insomnia among undergraduate (UG) nursing students. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 385 college students selected by purposive sampling technique were included in the study. Young's Internet Addiction Test (YIAT20) for Internet addiction (IA) assessment, and Beck's depression inventory Scale to assess level of depression, and insomnia severity index (ISI) scale to measure insomnia were used. RESULTS Among 385 participants, 175 and 210 were male and female, respectively. Demographic variables such as pursuing course, study year, use of Internet/day; and the purpose of Internet use such as social networking, games, entertainment, pornography, and news were significantly associated with IA. Depression and insomnia were found to be correlated with IA. CONCLUSION Internet usage more than the normal limit has a profound effect on college or school students, in particular, depression and insomnia. At times, it ends up in problems in their social and family relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jitendra S. Parmar
- Faculty of Nursing, UP University of Medical Sciences, Saifai, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Samundy Kumbhakar
- Faculty of Nursing, UP University of Medical Sciences, Saifai, Uttar Pradesh, India
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The Impact of Mental Health Predictors of Internet Addiction among Pre-Service Teachers in Ghana. Behav Sci (Basel) 2022; 13:bs13010020. [PMID: 36661592 PMCID: PMC9854694 DOI: 10.3390/bs13010020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
This study examined the prevalence of addictive Internet behavior and its links with mental health among pre-service teachers in Ghana. A descriptive, correlational design was employed with 405 pre-service teachers from colleges of education and a public university in Ghana participating in this study. The sample completed a sociodemographic survey about loneliness, life satisfaction, depression, self-esteem, and the Internet addiction scales (abridged form). The results revealed that there was a significant relationship between pre-service teachers' Internet addiction, depression, life satisfaction, and loneliness; however, depression was the least influential factor in addictive Internet use. Additionally, there was a statistically significant nexus between self-esteem, loneliness, depression, and life satisfaction. In addition, all the above-mentioned variables were discovered to explain 56.3% of the absolute variance in addiction to the Internet. Among the variables linked with Internet addiction and its dimensions, loneliness appeared to be the most significant. Institutional coping programs with Internet addiction should be established within the scope of the university administration, supporting pre-service teachers' mental health. Finally, the development of awareness campaigns on the menaces associated with Internet usage and mental health through extracurricular programs is recommended.
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Gjoneska B, Potenza MN, Jones J, Sales CM, Hranov G, Demetrovics Z. Problematic use of the Internet in low- and middle-income countries before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: a scoping review. Curr Opin Behav Sci 2022; 48:101208. [PMID: 35919788 PMCID: PMC9334935 DOI: 10.1016/j.cobeha.2022.101208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
People from low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) represent large portions of the world population, often occupy less favorable living conditions, and typically suffer greater health risks, yet frequently receive little research and global health attention. The present study reviews emerging evidence on problematic use of the Internet (PUI) in LMICs prior/during the COVID-19 pandemic. Analyzed studies mainly focused on general properties of PUI in university students, problematic gaming in youth, or problematic use of social media in adults, registering higher prevalence estimates, as compared with earlier reports. Research mainly focused on initially affected regions and COVID-exposed populations. Overall, unfavorable circumstances, including poor social support, family relationships, and lifestyle tendencies/habits, may present potential risk for PUI in LMICs, likely exacerbated during the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biljana Gjoneska
- Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Krste Misirkov 2, 1000 Skopje, North Macedonia
| | - Marc N Potenza
- Department of Psychiatry and Child Study Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, United States
- Department of Neuroscience and Wu Tsai Institute, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, United States
- Connecticut Mental Health Centre, New Haven, CT 06519, United States
- Connecticut Council on Problem Gambling, Wethersfield, CT 06109, United States
| | - Julia Jones
- Centre for Research in Public Health and Community Care, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield AL10 9AB, United Kingdom
| | - Célia Md Sales
- Centre for Psychology, University of Porto, R. Alfredo Allen, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, University of Porto, R. Alfredo Allen, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | | | - Zsolt Demetrovics
- Centre of Excellence in Responsible Gaming, University of Gibraltar, Gibraltar, Gibraltar
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
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Sánchez-Fernández M, Borda-Mas M. Problematic smartphone use and specific problematic Internet uses among university students and associated predictive factors: a systematic review. EDUCATION AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES 2022; 28:7111-7204. [PMID: 36465425 PMCID: PMC9707285 DOI: 10.1007/s10639-022-11437-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
University students are a high-risk population with problematic online behaviours that include generalized problematic Internet/smartphone use and specific problematic Internet uses (for example, social media or gaming). The study of their predictive factors is needed in order to develop preventative strategies. This systematic review aims to understand the current state of play by examining the terminology, assessment instruments, prevalence, and predictive factors associated with problematic smartphone use and specific problematic Internet uses in university students. A literature review was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines using four major databases. A total of 117 studies were included, divided into four groups according to the domain of problem behaviour: problematic smartphone use (n = 67), problematic social media use (n = 39), Internet gaming disorder (n = 9), and problematic online pornography use (n = 2). Variability was found in terminology, assessment tools, and prevalence rates in the four groups. Ten predictors of problematic smartphone use, five predictors of problematic social media use, and one predictor of problematic online gaming were identified. Negative affectivity is found to be a common predictor for all three groups, while social media use, psychological well-being, and Fear of Missing Out are common to problematic smartphone and social media use. Our findings reaffirm the need to reach consistent diagnostic criteria in cyber addictions and allow us to make progress in the investigation of their predictive factors, thus allowing formulation of preventive strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Sánchez-Fernández
- Department of Personality, Assessment and Psychological Treatment, University of Seville (Universidad de Sevilla), C. Camilo José Cela, S/N, 41018 Seville, Spain
| | - Mercedes Borda-Mas
- Department of Personality, Assessment and Psychological Treatment, University of Seville (Universidad de Sevilla), C. Camilo José Cela, S/N, 41018 Seville, Spain
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Yaman Aktaş Y, Karabulut N, Arslan B. Digital addiction, academic performance, and sleep disturbance among nursing students. Perspect Psychiatr Care 2022; 58:1537-1545. [PMID: 34617596 DOI: 10.1111/ppc.12961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to examine the relationship between digital addiction, academic performance, and sleep disturbance among nursing students. DESIGN AND METHODS The study was a correlational and cross-sectional design. Four hundred twenty-nine nursing students were enrolled in this study. FINDINGS There was a positive significant relationship between the mean Sleep Disturbance (SD) T-scores and Digital Addiction Scale (DAS) scores (r = 0.203, p < 0.01). Furthermore, a positive correlation was found between the mean SD T-scores and DAS subscale scores (p < 0.01) PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: This study demonstrated that digital addiction had an influence on sleep disturbance. It is recommended that nursing students be provided with training to inform them about negative effects of digital addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeşim Yaman Aktaş
- Department of Surgical Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Giresun University, Giresun, Turkey
| | - Neziha Karabulut
- Department of Surgical Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Büşra Arslan
- Department of Emergency, Research Hospital, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
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Endomba FT, Demina A, Meille V, Ndoadoumgue AL, Danwang C, Petit B, Trojak B. Prevalence of internet addiction in Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Behav Addict 2022; 11:739-753. [PMID: 35984734 PMCID: PMC9872524 DOI: 10.1556/2006.2022.00052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM In the last two decades, the proportion of internet users has greatly increased worldwide. Data regarding internet addiction (IA) are lacking in Africa compared to other continents. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to estimate the pooled prevalence of IA in African countries. METHODS We systematically sought relevant articles in PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO and Cochrane database published before September 25, 2021. The risk of bias was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute tool, and we estimated the pooled prevalence of IA using a random-effects meta-analytic model. We followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses guidelines. RESULTS We included 22 studies (13,365 participants), and collected data from Egypt, Ethiopia, Morocco, Nigeria, South Africa, Tanzania and Tunisia between 2013 and 2021. The mean age of participants ranged from 14.8 to 26.1 years, and the most used tool for IA screening was the Young's 20-item Internet Addiction Test. The pooled prevalence rate of IA was 40.3% (95% CI: 32.2%-48.7%), with substantial heterogeneity. The pooled prevalence for Northern Africa was 44.6% (95% CI: 32.9%-56.7%), significantly higher than the prevalence in sub-Saharan Africa, which was 31.0% (95% CI: 25.2%-37.1%). The risk of bias was moderate for most studies, the certainty was very low, and we found no publication bias. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS Four in every ten individuals was considered to have IA in Africa. Further research with methodological optimization seems needed, especially for IA screening tools and the representativity of some subregions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francky Teddy Endomba
- Research Department, Medical Mind Association, Yaoundé, Cameroon,Psychiatry Internship Program, University of Burgundy, 21000, Dijon, France,Corresponding author. E-mail:
| | - Anastasia Demina
- General Medicine Internship, University of Burgundy, 21000, Dijon, France
| | - Vincent Meille
- Department of Addictology, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, France
| | | | - Celestin Danwang
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Catholic University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Benjamin Petit
- Department of Addictology, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, France
| | - Benoit Trojak
- Department of Addictology, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, France,INSERM U1093, UFR Staps, Bourgogne Franche Comté University, France
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Biswas PR, Ahammed B, Rahman MS, Nirob BM, Hossain MT. Prevalence and determinants of internet addiction among adults during the COVID-19 pandemic in Bangladesh: An online cross-sectional study. Heliyon 2022; 8:e09967. [PMID: 35873537 PMCID: PMC9287464 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Globally, internet use has increased significantly during the COVID-19 pandemic, and internet addiction (IA) has become a severe public health issue. Therefore, this study aimed to assess IA prevalence among adults and identify its determinants during the COVID-19 pandemic in Bangladesh. Methods Using a cross-sectional design, this study recruited 608 participants through a self-administered online-based e-questionnaire. Young's internet addiction test (YIAT) of 20 items was used to assess the prevalence of IA among adults in Bangladesh. Bivariate and binary logistic regression analyses explored the factors influencing IA. Results The overall prevalence of IA was 29.4% among adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the addiction rate was 34.7% among participants under 20 years old. Tobacco smoking (AOR = 1.88, 95% CI 1.15-3.07) and spending more time on the internet during the COVID-19 pandemic (AOR = 2.06, 95% CI 1.08-3.94) were likely the reasons for IA among Bangladeshi adults. Participants aged over 24 years (AOR = 0.39, 95% CI 0.17-0.91), living in rural areas (AOR = 0.51, 95% CI 0.32-0.81), living away from family (AOR = 0.45, 95% CI 0.26-0.79), attached to physical activity (AOR = 0.35, 95% CI 0.24-0.52), and sleeping less than or equal 6 hours (AOR = 0.63, 95% CI 0.42-0.93) had a lower chance of IA during the COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusion This study has shown that the prevalence of IA was comparatively higher among younger participants during the COVID-19 pandemic. Smoking, long-time use of the internet, physical activity status, and sleeping duration were the most significant determinants of IA. Thus, raising awareness among the younger generation is the most important strategy to reduce IA. The findings of this study can be used to support health and educational organizations to design their programs, which will help prevent IA in Bangladesh during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poly Rani Biswas
- Statistics Discipline, Science, Engineering & Technology School, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh
| | - Benojir Ahammed
- Statistics Discipline, Science, Engineering & Technology School, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh
| | - Md Shiafur Rahman
- Statistics Discipline, Science, Engineering & Technology School, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh
| | - Byazid Mahin Nirob
- Statistics Discipline, Science, Engineering & Technology School, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh
| | - Md Tanvir Hossain
- Sociology Discipline, Social Science School, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh
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Gavurova B, Ivankova V, Rigelsky M, Mudarri T. Internet Addiction in Socio-Demographic, Academic, and Psychological Profile of College Students During the COVID-19 Pandemic in the Czech Republic and Slovakia. Front Public Health 2022; 10:944085. [PMID: 35812472 PMCID: PMC9260220 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.944085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Internet addiction is a serious problem among young adults that requires increased attention, especially at a time of distance learning during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. The aim of the study was to assess the relationships between internet addiction and selected socio-demographic, study-related, and psychological characteristics of college students. Internet addiction was measured using the Internet Addiction Test both overall and in its individual subscales (Salience, Excessive Use, Neglect Work, Anticipation, Lack of Control, and Neglect Social Life). The selected characteristics represented (1) socio-demographic profile (gender, age, residence, family), (2) academic profile (housing during the semester, form of study), and (3) psychological profile (depressive symptoms—the Patient Health Questionnaire, stress—the Perceived Stress Scale, anxiety symptoms—the Generalized Anxiety Disorder). Data collection took place during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 at Czech and Slovak colleges, with 1,422 students from the Czech Republic and 1,677 students from Slovakia participating in the research. The analytical processes were carried out through descriptive analysis, non-parametric difference analysis, and multiple negative binomial regression. Mild internet addiction was found in 387 (27.2%) Czech and 452 (27.0%) Slovak students. Moderate internet addiction was identified in 49 (3.4%) students from the Czech Republic and in 100 (6.0%) students from Slovakia. Two (0.1%) Czech and three (0.2%) Slovak students reported severe internet addiction. Increased likelihood of internet addiction overall, as well as in most individual subscales, was found particularly among male students and students who lived away from home during the semester. Depressive symptoms and stress could also be considered significant predictors in both countries. These results are important for the development of effective strategies and prevention programs, as Internet addiction may be a serious problem in the future, given the current times. When assessing internet addiction among college students, it would also be appropriate to evaluate the individual internet addiction subscales and their specifics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beata Gavurova
- Department of Addictology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czechia
- *Correspondence: Beata Gavurova
| | - Viera Ivankova
- Institute of Earth Resources, Faculty of Mining, Ecology, Process Control and Geotechnologies, Technical University of Košice, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Martin Rigelsky
- Department of Marketing and International Trade, Faculty of Management and Business, University of Prešov, Prešov, Slovakia
| | - Tawfik Mudarri
- Institute of Earth Resources, Faculty of Mining, Ecology, Process Control and Geotechnologies, Technical University of Košice, Košice, Slovakia
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Personality Traits of Croatian University Students with Internet Addiction. Behav Sci (Basel) 2022; 12:bs12060173. [PMID: 35735383 PMCID: PMC9219879 DOI: 10.3390/bs12060173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Specific personality traits may predispose individuals to various forms of addictive behaviors. This study aimed to investigate the association between personality traits of university students and Internet addiction (IA). A sample of 1051 university students was recruited from the largest university in Eastern Croatia. A structured anonymous questionnaire that included questions regarding students’ sociodemographic information and Internet usage patterns, the Young Internet Addiction Test and Big Five Inventory served as a research tool. The study revealed that 1.0% of the studied sample expressed severe IA while 24.6% of study participants expressed some signs of addiction. The IA was detected in 576 (80.0%) students who used the Internet mainly for social networking, in 30 (78.9%) students who mainly used it for online gaming, and in 153 (52.2%) students who mainly used it for university assignments (p < 0.001). Higher neuroticism, higher extraversion, and higher openness to new experiences were connected with IA in general (p < 0.001). Higher neuroticism, higher extraversion, and higher openness to new experiences were significantly associated with addictive behavior during social networking (p < 0.001). Higher extraversion and higher openness to new experiences were significantly associated with addictive behavior during Internet usage for university assignments (p = 0.025), while there were no significant associations between specific personality traits and addictive behavior during online gaming (p = 0.059). Personality traits must be taken into account while developing programs and implementing interventions for preventing IA in the university student population.
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Wang J, Hao QH, Tu Y, Peng W, Wang Y, Li H, Zhu TM. Assessing the Association Between Internet Addiction Disorder and Health Risk Behaviors Among Adolescents and Young Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Front Public Health 2022; 10:809232. [PMID: 35433568 PMCID: PMC9010676 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.809232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundInternet addiction disorder (IAD) is a global issue that has resulted in a slew of physical and emotional consequences. Studies have indicated that health risk behaviors might be the risk factors for IAD. The published literature on the correlation between the two is lacking. Therefore, we conducted a comprehensive analysis to understand better the link between IAD and health risk behaviors among adolescents and young adults.MethodsWe searched ten electronic databases for relevant articles. Data were extracted based on IAD and health risk behaviors ( alcohol, smoking, suicidal, gambling and drug abuse). We calculated odds ratios (ORs), a pooled correlation coefficient (r) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). A fixed-effect model was applied to summarize the pooled effects. Heterogeneity was examined using I2 statistics and Cochran's Q statistics. All analyses were conducted by using Stata version 15.0.ResultsA total of 16 studies and 61,823 participants were included in this study. Meta-analysis showed that IAD was positively correlated with drinking (r = 0.35; 95% CI 0.32–0.37) and smoking (r = 0.12; 95%CI 0.10–0.15), and was associated with an increased risk of suicidal behavior (OR= 1.95; 95% CI 1.65–2.30), drinking (OR= 1.75; 95% CI 1.65–1.85), and smoking (OR= 1.63; 95% CI 1.54–1.72) among adolescents.ConclusionWe found significantly increased risks of suicidal behavior, drinking, and smoking in adolescents and young adults with IAD. These findings are important to expand our understanding of IAD and have great guiding significance for preventing health risk behaviors of adolescents and young adults.Systematic Review Registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42021257729, identifier: PROSPERO CRD42021257729.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wang
- School of Rehabilitation and Health Preservation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Qing-hong Hao
- School of Rehabilitation and Health Preservation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yang Tu
- School of Rehabilitation and Health Preservation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Peng
- School of Acupuncture and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yang Wang
- School of Acupuncture and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Hui Li
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Hui Li
| | - Tian-min Zhu
- School of Rehabilitation and Health Preservation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Tian-min Zhu
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Zewde EA, Tolossa T, Tiruneh SA, Azanaw MM, Yitbarek GY, Admasu FT, Ayehu GW, Amare TJ, Abebe EC, Muche ZT, Fentie TA, Zemene MA, Melaku MD. Internet Addiction and Its Associated Factors Among African High School and University Students: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Front Psychol 2022; 13:847274. [PMID: 35386896 PMCID: PMC8978338 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.847274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Internet addiction is characterized by excessive and uncontrolled use of the internet affecting everyday life. Adolescents are the primary risk group for internet addiction. Data on internet addiction is lacking in Africa. Thus, this review aimed to determine the pooled prevalence of internet addiction and its associated factors among high school and university students in Africa. Methods A comprehensive literature search was conducted using electronic databases (PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of science, Hinari, and Google scholar) to locate potential studies. Heterogeneity between studies was checked using Cochrane Q test statistics and I2 test statistics and small-study effects were checked using Egger's statistical test at a 5% significance level. A sensitivity analysis was performed. A random-effects model was employed to estimate the pooled prevalence and associated factors of internet addiction among students. The primary outcome of measure of this review was the prevalence of internet addiction and the secondary outcome of measures are the factors associated with internet addiction. Results A total of 5,562 studies were identified among the five databases. Of these, 28 studies from 10 countries with 14,946 high school and university students were included in this review. The overall pooled prevalence of internet addiction among the students was 34.53% [95% Confidence Interval (CI): 26.83, 42.23, I2 = 99.20%]. Male sex [Pooled Odds Ratio (POR) = 1.92, 95% CI:1.43, 2.57 I2 = 0.00], urban residence (POR = 2.32, 95% CI:1.19, 4.53, I2 = 59.39%), and duration of daily internet use for more than 4 h (POR = 2.25, 95% CI:1.20, 4.21, I2 = 0.00%, were significantly associated with internet addiction among adolescents. Conclusion Almost one-third of university and high school students in Africa are addicted to the internet. Male students, those from urban areas, and those who use the internet for more than 4 h per day have higher odds of internet addiction. Thus, we recommend that health planners and policymakers pay attention to the use of the internet and internet addiction in Africa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edgeit Abebe Zewde
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Tadesse Tolossa
- Department of Public Health, Institute of Health Sciences, Wollega University, Nekemte, Ethiopia
| | - Sofonyas Abebaw Tiruneh
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Melkalem Mamuye Azanaw
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Getachew Yideg Yitbarek
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Fitalew Tadele Admasu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Gashaw Walle Ayehu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Tadeg Jemere Amare
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Endeshaw Chekol Abebe
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Zelalem Tilahun Muche
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Tigabnesh Assfaw Fentie
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Melkamu Aderajew Zemene
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Metages Damite Melaku
- Department of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
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Umeta GT, Regasa SD, Taye GM, Ayeno HD, Tefera GM. Prevalence of Internet Addiction and its Correlates Among Regular Undergraduate Medicine and Health Science Students at Ambo University. Cross-Sectional Study. Subst Abuse 2022; 16:11782218221080772. [PMID: 35250273 PMCID: PMC8891875 DOI: 10.1177/11782218221080772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: Internet addiction (IA) is causing academic failure, decreased concentration ability, and a negative affective state. In Ethiopia, studies conducted on IA were limited; therefore, this study aimed to assess its prevalence and risk factors among medicine and health science (MHS) students of Ambo University. Materials and Methods: This study was a cross-sectional study and included MHS students of Ambo University from July 15 to August 15, 2021. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire after receiving informed consent from study participants. The results were analyzed using the statistical software for social sciences version 24. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regressions were performed to explore the relationship between IA and dependent variables. Results: Of the 253 participants who participated in the study, 201 (79%) were found to have an IA. Having one’s own computer, Internet access at home and an email account were 2 times more risky to develop IA compared to their counterparts with AOR = 2.615 (95% CI = 1.118-5.956) with a P value of .022, AOR = 2.154 (95% CI = 1.054-4.405) with a P value of .35 and (=2.154 (95% CI = 1.054-4.405 with a P value of .035 respectively. Additionally, those who use the Internet for news were 2.5 times more likely to develop IA compared to those who do not (AOR = 2.551 (95% CI = 1.225-5.349) with a P-value of .013). The use of the Internet for scientific research and education reduces IA by 0.7 times (AOR = 0.323 (95% CI = 0.120-0.868) with a P value of .025). Conclusions: The prevalence of IA was found to be high in this study. Therefore, strategies are needed to minimize the prevalence of this problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gurmu Tesfaye Umeta
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ambo University, Ambo, Ethiopia
| | - Sanyi Daba Regasa
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ambo University, Ambo, Ethiopia
| | - Getu Melesie Taye
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ambo University, Ambo, Ethiopia
| | - Hunduma Dinsa Ayeno
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ambo University, Ambo, Ethiopia
| | - Gosaye Mekonen Tefera
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ambo University, Ambo, Ethiopia
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Sadeghi S, Takeuchi H, Shalani B, Taki Y, Nouchi R, Yokoyama R, Kotozaki Y, Nakagawa S, Sekiguchi A, Iizuka K, Hanawa S, Araki T, Miyauchi CM, Sakaki K, Nozawa T, Ikeda S, Yokota S, Magistro D, Sassa Y, Kawashima R. Brain structures and activity during a working memory task associated with internet addiction tendency in young adults: A large sample study. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0259259. [PMID: 34780490 PMCID: PMC8592411 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0259259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The structural and functional brain characteristics associated with the excessive use of the internet have attracted substantial research attention in the past decade. In current study, we used voxel-based morphometry (VBM) and multiple regression analysis to assess the relationship between internet addiction tendency (IAT) score and regional gray and white matter volumes (rGMVs and rWMVs) and brain activity during a WM task in a large sample of healthy young adults (n = 1,154, mean age, 20.71 ± 1.78 years). We found a significant positive correlation between IAT score and gray matter volume (GMV) of right supramarginal gyrus (rSMG) and significant negative correlations with white matter volume (WMV) of right temporal lobe (sub-gyral and superior temporal gyrus), right sublobar area (extra-nuclear and lentiform nucleus), right cerebellar anterior lobe, cerebellar tonsil, right frontal lobe (inferior frontal gyrus and sub-gyral areas), and the pons. Also, IAT was significantly and positively correlated with brain activity in the default-mode network (DMN), medial frontal gyrus, medial part of the superior frontal gyrus, and anterior cingulate cortex during a 2-back working memory (WM) task. Moreover, whole-brain analyses of rGMV showed significant effects of interaction between sex and the IAT scores in the area spreading around the left anterior insula and left lentiform. This interaction was moderated by positive correlation in women. These results indicate that IAT is associated with (a) increased GMV in rSMG, which is involved in phonological processing, (b) decreased WMV in areas of frontal, sublobar, and temporal lobes, which are involved in response inhibition, and (c) reduced task-induced deactivation of the DMN, indicative of altered attentional allocation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeid Sadeghi
- Institute for Cognitive and Brain Sciences (ICBS), Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
- Division of Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Center of Excellence in Cognitive Neuropsychology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hikaru Takeuchi
- Division of Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Bita Shalani
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yasuyuki Taki
- Division of Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Division of Medical Neuroimaging Analysis, Department of Community Medical Supports, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Rui Nouchi
- Creative Interdisciplinary Research Division, Frontier Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Human and Social Response Research Division, International Research Institute of Disaster Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Department of Advanced Brain Science, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | | | - Yuka Kotozaki
- Division of Clinical research, Medical-Industry Translational Research Center, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Seishu Nakagawa
- Department of Human Brain Science, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Department of Psychiatry, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Atsushi Sekiguchi
- Division of Medical Neuroimaging Analysis, Department of Community Medical Supports, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Department of Human Brain Science, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Department of Behavioral Medicine, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kunio Iizuka
- Department of Psychiatry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Sugiko Hanawa
- Department of Human Brain Science, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | | | - Carlos Makoto Miyauchi
- Department of Advanced Brain Science, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kohei Sakaki
- Department of Advanced Brain Science, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Takayuki Nozawa
- Research Center for the Earth Inclusive Sensing Empathizing with Silent Voices, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan
- Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, Department of General Systems Studies, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shigeyuki Ikeda
- Department of Ubiquitous Sensing, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Susumu Yokota
- Division for Experimental Natural Science, Faculty of Arts and Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Daniele Magistro
- Department of Sport Science, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Yuko Sassa
- Division of Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Ryuta Kawashima
- Division of Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Department of Advanced Brain Science, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Department of Human Brain Science, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
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29
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Joseph J, Varghese A, VR V, Dhandapani M, Grover S, Sharma S, Khakha D, Mann S, Varkey BP. Prevalence of internet addiction among college students in the Indian setting: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Gen Psychiatr 2021; 34:e100496. [PMID: 34504996 PMCID: PMC8381302 DOI: 10.1136/gpsych-2021-100496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The internet is an integral part of everyone's life. College going adolescents are highly vulnerable to the misuse of the internet. AIMS To estimate the pooled prevalence of internet addiction (IA) among college students in India. METHODS Literature databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, EMBASE, PsycINFO and Google Scholar) were searched for studies assessing IA using the Young Internet Addiction Test (Y-IAT) among adolescents from India, published in the English language up to December 2020. We included studies from 2010 to 2020 as this is the marked era of momentum in wireless internet connectivity in India. The methodological quality of each study was scored, and data were extracted from the published reports. Pooled prevalence was estimated using the fixed-effects model. Publication bias was evaluated using Egger's test and visual inspection of the symmetry in funnel plots. RESULTS Fifty studies conducted in 19 states of India estimated the prevalence of IA and the overall prevalence of IA as 19.9% (95% CI: 19.3% to 20.5%) and 40.7% (95% CI: 38.7% to 42.8%) based on the Y-IAT cut-off scores of 50 and 40, respectively. The estimated prevalence of severe IA was significantly higher in the Y-IAT cut-off points of 70 than 80 (12.7% (95% CI: 11.2% to 14.3%) vs 4.6% (95% CI: 4.1% to 5.2%)). The sampling method and quality of included studies had a significant effect on the estimation of prevalence in which studies using non-probability sampling and low risk of bias (total quality score ≥7) reported lower prevalence. The overall quality of evidence was rated as 'moderate' based on the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation criteria. CONCLUSIONS Our nationally representative data suggest that about 20% to 40% of college students in India are at risk for IA. There is a need for further research in the reconsideration of Y-IAT cut-off points among Indian college students. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42020219511.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaison Joseph
- College of Nursing, Department of Psychiatric Nursing, Pandit Bhagwat Dayal Sharma University of Health Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana, India
| | - Abin Varghese
- College of Nursing, Bhopal Memorial Hospital and Research Centre, Bhopal, India
| | - Vijay VR
- College of Nursing, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Orissa, India
| | - Manju Dhandapani
- National Institute of Nursing Education, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Sandeep Grover
- Department of Psychiatry, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Suresh Sharma
- College of Nursing, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Deepika Khakha
- College of Nursing, AIl India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Sucheta Mann
- College of Nursing, Department of Psychiatric Nursing, Pandit Bhagwat Dayal Sharma University of Health Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana, India
| | - Biji P Varkey
- Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Pandit Bhagwat Dayal Sharma University of Health Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana, India
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Holliman AJ, Waldeck D, Jay B, Murphy S, Atkinson E, Collie RJ, Martin A. Adaptability and Social Support: Examining Links With Psychological Wellbeing Among UK Students and Non-students. Front Psychol 2021; 12:636520. [PMID: 33613406 PMCID: PMC7894575 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.636520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this multi-study article was to investigate the roles of adaptability and social support in predicting a variety of psychological outcomes. Data were collected from Year 12 college students (N = 73; Study 1), university students (N = 102; Study 2), and non-studying members of the general public (N = 141; Study 3). Findings showed that, beyond variance attributable to social support, adaptability made a significant independent contribution to psychological wellbeing (life satisfaction, psychological wellbeing, flourishing, and general affect) and psychological distress across all studies. Beyond the effects of adaptability, social support was found to make a significant independent contribution to most wellbeing outcomes (but not psychological distress in university students). In a multi-group analysis comparing predictors of psychological wellbeing in university students and non-studying adults, where the same outcome measures were used (Study 4; N = 243), it was found that adaptability played a stronger role (relative to social support) for university students, whereas social support played a stronger role for non-studying adults. Finally, (contrary to expectations) there was no evidence of an interaction between adaptability and social support predicting psychological outcomes-adaptability and social support operated as independent main effects. These findings demonstrate the importance of adaptability and social support in uniquely predicting psychological wellbeing in different sample groups. It is argued here that these two factors, should be given greater consideration in discussions of psychological wellbeing, and are relevant to psychological wellbeing at different major developmental life stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J. Holliman
- Department of Psychology and Human Development, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel Waldeck
- School of Psychological, Social and Behavioural Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Bethany Jay
- Department of Social Care and Social Work, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Summayah Murphy
- School of Psychological, Social and Behavioural Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Emily Atkinson
- School of Psychological, Social and Behavioural Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Rebecca J. Collie
- School of Education, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, Australia
| | - Andrew Martin
- School of Education, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, Australia
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