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Zhang J, Ali K, Wang J. Research Advances of Lipid Nanoparticles in the Treatment of Colorectal Cancer. Int J Nanomedicine 2024; 19:6693-6715. [PMID: 38979534 PMCID: PMC11229238 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s466490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common type of gastrointestinal tract (GIT) cancer and poses an enormous threat to human health. Current strategies for metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) therapy primarily focus on chemotherapy, targeted therapy, immunotherapy, and radiotherapy; however, their adverse reactions and drug resistance limit their clinical application. Advances in nanotechnology have rendered lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) a promising nanomaterial-based drug delivery system for CRC therapy. LNPs can adapt to the biological characteristics of CRC by modifying their formulation, enabling the selective delivery of drugs to cancer tissues. They overcome the limitations of traditional therapies, such as poor water solubility, nonspecific biodistribution, and limited bioavailability. Herein, we review the composition and targeting strategies of LNPs for CRC therapy. Subsequently, the applications of these nanoparticles in CRC treatment including drug delivery, thermal therapy, and nucleic acid-based gene therapy are summarized with examples provided. The last section provides a glimpse into the advantages, current limitations, and prospects of LNPs in the treatment of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyi Zhang
- Department of Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, and International School of Medicine, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kamran Ali
- Department of Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, and International School of Medicine, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianwei Wang
- Department of Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, and International School of Medicine, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Colorectal Surgery and Oncology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education, 2nd Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
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2
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Nguyen DT, Kim MH, Baek MJ, Kang NW, Kim DD. Preparation and evaluation of proliposomes formulation for enhancing the oral bioavailability of ginsenosides. J Ginseng Res 2024; 48:417-424. [PMID: 39036737 PMCID: PMC11259707 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgr.2024.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Background This research main objective was to evaluate a proliposomes (PLs) formulation for the enhancement of oral bioavailability of ginsenosides, using ginsenoside Rg3 (Rg3) as a marker. Methods A novel PLs formulation was prepared using a modified evaporation-on-matrix method. Soy phosphatidylcholine, Rg3-enriched extract, poloxamer 188 (Lutrol® F 68) and sorbitol were mixed and dissolved using a aqueous ethanolic solution, followed by the removal of ethanol and lyophilization. The characterization of Rg3-PLs formulations was performed by powder X-ray diffractometry (PXRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and in vitro release. The enhancement of oral bioavailability was investigated and analyzed by non-compartmental parameters after oral administration of the formulations. Results PXRD of Rg3-PLs indicated that Rg3 was transformed from crystalline into its amorphous form during the preparation process. The Rg3-encapsulated liposomes with vesicular-shaped morphology were generated after the reconstitution by gentle hand-shaking in water; they had a mean diameter of approximately 350 nm, a negative zeta potential (-28.6 mV) and a high entrapment efficiency (97.3%). The results of the in vitro release study exhibited that significantly more amount of Rg3 was released from the PLs formulation in comparison with that from the suspension of Rg3-enriched extract (control group). The pharmacokinetic parameters after oral administration of PLs formulation in rats showed an approximately 11.8-fold increase in the bioavailability of Rg3, compared to that of the control group. Conclusion The developed PLs formulation could be a favorable delivery system to improve the oral bioavailability of ginsenosides, including Rg3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duy-Thuc Nguyen
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Hwan Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Jun Baek
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Nae-Won Kang
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Duk Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Natural Products Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Kuedo Z, Binlateh T, Benjakul S, Hutamekalin P. Pretreatment with Liposome-Encapsulated Shrimp Shell Extract Attenuated Neuronal Damage and Death in Aβ 1-42-Induced Memory Deficits in Rats. Neurochem Res 2024; 49:1166-1187. [PMID: 38326524 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-024-04103-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
The accumulation of amyloid-beta (Aβ) peptides is a crucial factor in the neuronal degeneration of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The current study investigated the underlying neuroprotective mechanisms of shrimp shell extract (SSE) and liposome-encapsulated SSE (SSE/L) against Aβ1-42-induced neuronal damage and death in rats. Intracerebroventricular infusion of Aβ1-42 effectively induced memory decline, as observed in a reduction of the rat's discriminating ability in the novel object recognition and novel object location tasks. Oral pretreatment with 100 mg/kg of SSE demonstrated no preventive effect on the memory decline induced by Aβ1-42 infusion. However, treatment with SSE/L 100 mg/kg BW effectively attenuated memory deficits in both behavioral assessments following two and four weeks after Aβ1-42 infusion. Moreover, SSE/L exerted neuroprotective effects by reducing lipid peroxidation and increasing Nrf2/HO-1 expression. There was a significant decrease in Iba1 and GFAP (biomarkers of microglia and astrocyte activity, respectively), as well as a decrease in the levels of NF-κB expression and the inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-6 in the cortical and hippocampal tissues. Treatment with SSE/L also reduced the pro-apoptotic proteins Bax and cleaved caspase-3 while raising the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl2. In addition, the beneficial effects of SSE/L were along with the effects of a positive control commercial astaxanthin (AST). The findings of this study indicated that SSE/L provided neuroprotective effects on Aβ1-42-induced AD rats by ameliorating oxidative stress, neuroinflammation and apoptotic cell death. Therefore, SSE/L might be employed to prevent and mitigate Aβ accumulation-induced neurotoxicity in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zulkiflee Kuedo
- Division of Health and Applied Sciences, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, 90110, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Thunwa Binlateh
- School of Pharmacy, Walailak University, Thasala, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160, Thailand
| | - Soottawat Benjakul
- International Center of Excellence in Seafood Science and Innovation, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, 90110, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Pilaiwanwadee Hutamekalin
- Division of Health and Applied Sciences, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, 90110, Songkhla, Thailand.
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Lima M, Moreira B, Bertuzzi R, Lima-Silva A. Could nanotechnology improve exercise performance? Evidence from animal studies. Braz J Med Biol Res 2024; 57:e13360. [PMID: 38656076 PMCID: PMC11027182 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x2024e13360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
This review provides the current state of knowledge regarding the use of nutritional nanocompounds on exercise performance. The reviewed studies used the following nanocompounds: resveratrol-loaded lipid nanoparticles, folic acid into layered hydroxide nanoparticle, redox-active nanoparticles with nitroxide radicals, and iron into liposomes. Most of these nutritional nanocompounds seem to improve performance in endurance exercise compared to the active compound in the non-nanoencapsulated form and/or placebo. Nutritional nanocompounds also induced the following physiological and metabolic alterations: 1) improved antioxidant activity and reduced oxidative stress; 2) reduction in inflammation status; 3) maintenance of muscle integrity; 4) improvement in mitochondrial function and quality; 5) enhanced glucose levels during exercise; 6) higher muscle and hepatic glycogen levels; and 7) increased serum and liver iron content. However, all the reviewed studies were conducted in animals (mice and rats). In conclusion, nutritional nanocompounds are a promising approach to improving exercise performance. As the studies using nutritional nanocompounds were all conducted in animals, further studies in humans are necessary to better understand the application of nutritional nanocompounds in sport and exercise science.
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Affiliation(s)
- M.R. Lima
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Desempenho Humano, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brasil
| | - B.J. Moreira
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, Brasil
| | - R. Bertuzzi
- Grupo de Estudos em Desempenho Aeróbio, Escola de Educação Física e Esporte, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - A.E. Lima-Silva
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Desempenho Humano, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brasil
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5
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Story G, Lee J, Cohen G, Rani A, Doherty J, Sela DA. Impact of Dietary Fat and Oral Delivery System on Cannabigerol Pharmacokinetics in Adults. Cannabis Cannabinoid Res 2024. [PMID: 38574248 DOI: 10.1089/can.2023.0174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims: Cannabigerol (CBG) is a nonintoxicating cannabinoid synthesized in the Cannabis sativa plant that is incorporated into dietary supplements. This study investigated the influence of dietary fat and an emulsified delivery vehicle on CBG pharmacokinetics (PKs) after oral ingestion by adults. Materials and Methods: Consented participants were enrolled in a double-crossover pilot study and were blinded to the delivery vehicle type (isolate or emulsification) and isocaloric meal condition (low-fat=<5 g fat/meal or high-fat [HF]=>30 g fat/meal). The concentration of CBG in human plasma was measured after a single 25 mg dose of CBG using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). PK parameters were calculated using noncompartmental analysis. Results: The PKs of the two delivery systems (emulsified vs. non-emulsified) were significantly impacted by the HF meal condition. Participants in the HF meal group exhibited significantly higher area under the plasma concentration time curve from time 0 to last quantifiable value, maximum concentration, and terminal half-life. Participants in the HF meal group also had a significantly lower terminal elimination rate constant and time to maximum concentration (Tmax), in addition to decreased Tmax variation. The threshold for bioequivalence between conditions was not met. An exploratory aim correlated anthropometric measures and previous day's dietary intake on PK parameters which yielded inconsistent results across dietary fat conditions. Conclusions: In aggregate, dietary fat had a greater effect on CBG PKs than the emulsified delivery vehicle. This supports accounting for dietary intake in development of therapeutics and administration guidelines for orally delivered CBG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Galaxie Story
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Junghak Lee
- Massachusetts Hemp Analysis Facility, and University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Gil Cohen
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Asha Rani
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jeffery Doherty
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
- Massachusetts Hemp Analysis Facility, and University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
| | - David A Sela
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Nutrition, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
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Sherif AY, Harisa GI, Alanazi FK. The Chimera of TPGS and Nanoscale Lipid Carriers as Lymphatic Drug Delivery Vehicles to Fight Metastatic Cancers. Curr Drug Deliv 2024; 21:525-543. [PMID: 37183467 DOI: 10.2174/1567201820666230512122825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The lymphatic system (LS) plays a crucial role in fluid balance, transportation of macromolecules, and immune response. Moreover, LS is a channel for microbial invasion and cancer metastasis. Particularly, solid tumors, including lung, breast, melanoma, and prostate cancers, are metastasized across highways of LS. Subsequently, the fabrication of chimeric lymphatic drug delivery systems (LDDS) is a promising strategy to fight cancer metastasis and control microbial pandemics. In this regard, LDDS, in terms of PEG-nanoscaled lipid carriers, elicited a revolution during the COVID-19 pandemic as cargoes for mRNA vaccines. The drug delivered by the lymphatic pathway escapes first-pass metabolism and enhances the drug's bioavailability. Ample approaches, including synthesis of prodrugs, trigging of chylomicron biosynthesis, and fabrication of nanocarriers, facilitate lymphatic drug delivery. Specifically, nanoscales lipid cargoes have the propensity to lymphatic trafficking. Interestingly, TPGSengineered nanoscale lipid cargoes enhance lymphatic trafficking, increase tissue permeation, and, specifically, uptake. Moreover, they overcome biological barriers, control biodistribution, and enhance organelles localization. Most anticancer agents are non-specific, have low bioavailability, and induced drug resistance. Therefore, TPGS-engineered nanoscale lipid chimeras improve the therapeutic impact of anticancer agents. This review highlights lymphatic cancer metastasis, nanoscales lipid cargoes as LDDS, and their influence on lymphatic trafficking, besides the methods of LDD studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelrahman Y Sherif
- Kayyali Chair for Pharmaceutical Industry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gamaleldin I Harisa
- Kayyali Chair for Pharmaceutical Industry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Fars K Alanazi
- Kayyali Chair for Pharmaceutical Industry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Sedlmayr V, Horn C, Wurm DJ, Spadiut O, Quehenberger J. Archaeosomes facilitate storage and oral delivery of cannabidiol. Int J Pharm 2023; 645:123434. [PMID: 37739097 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Cannabidiol (CBD) has received great scientific interest due to its numerous therapeutic applications. Degradation in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, first-pass metabolism, and low water solubility restrain bioavailability of CBD to only 6% in current oral administration. Lipid-based nanocarriers are delivery systems that may enhance accessibility and solubility of hydrophobic payloads, such as CBD. Conventional lecithin-derived liposomes, however, have limitations regarding stability in the GI tract and long-term storage. Ether lipid-based archaeosomes may have the potential to overcome these problems due to chemical and structural uniqueness. In this study, we compared lecithin-derived liposomes with archaeosomes in their applicability as an oral delivery system of CBD. We evaluated drug load, storage stability, stability in a simulated GI tract, and in vitro particle uptake in Caco-2 cells. Loading capacity was 6-fold higher in archaeosomes than conventional liposomes while providing a stable formulation over six months after lyophilization. In a simulated GI tract, CBD recovery in archaeosomes was 57 ± 3% compared to only 34 ± 1% in conventional liposomes and particle uptake in Caco-2 cells was enhanced up to 6-fold. Our results demonstrate that archaeosomes present an interesting solution to tackle current issues of oral CBD formulations due to improved stability and endocytosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktor Sedlmayr
- TU Wien, Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience Engineering, Vienna, Austria
| | | | | | - Oliver Spadiut
- TU Wien, Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience Engineering, Vienna, Austria
| | - Julian Quehenberger
- TU Wien, Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience Engineering, Vienna, Austria; NovoArc GmbH, Vienna, Austria.
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8
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Chapa-Villarreal FA, Miller M, Rodriguez-Cruz JJ, Pérez-Carlos D, Peppas NA. Self-assembled block copolymer biomaterials for oral delivery of protein therapeutics. Biomaterials 2023; 300:122191. [PMID: 37295223 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2023.122191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Protein therapeutics have guided a transformation in disease treatment for various clinical conditions. They have been successful in numerous applications, but administration of protein therapeutics has been limited to parenteral routes which can decrease patient compliance as they are invasive and painful. In recent years, the synergistic relationship of novel biomaterials with modern protein therapeutics has been crucial in the treatment of diseases that were once thought of as incurable. This has guided the development of a variety of alternative administration routes, but the oral delivery of therapeutics remains one of the most desirable due to its ease of administration. This review addresses important aspects of micellar structures prepared by self-assembled processes with applications for oral delivery. These two characteristics have not been placed together in previous literature within the field. Therefore, we describe the barriers for delivery of protein therapeutics, and we concentrate in the oral/transmucosal pathway where drug carriers must overcome several chemical, physical, and biological barriers to achieve a successful therapeutic effect. We critically discuss recent research on biomaterials systems for delivering such therapeutics with an emphasis on self-assembled synthetic block copolymers. Polymerization methods and nanoparticle preparation techniques are similarly analyzed as well as relevant work in this area. Based on our own and others' research, we analyze the use of block copolymers as therapeutic carriers and their promise in treating a variety of diseases, with emphasis on self-assembled micelles for the next generation of oral protein therapeutic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiola A Chapa-Villarreal
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA; Institute for Biomaterials, Drug Delivery, and Regenerative Medicine, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin TX, USA
| | - Matthew Miller
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA; Institute for Biomaterials, Drug Delivery, and Regenerative Medicine, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin TX, USA
| | - J Jesus Rodriguez-Cruz
- Institute for Biomaterials, Drug Delivery, and Regenerative Medicine, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin TX, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Diego Pérez-Carlos
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA; Institute for Biomaterials, Drug Delivery, and Regenerative Medicine, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin TX, USA
| | - Nicholas A Peppas
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA; Institute for Biomaterials, Drug Delivery, and Regenerative Medicine, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin TX, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA; Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin TX, USA; Department of Surgery and Perioperative Care, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.
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Ejazi SA, Louisthelmy R, Maisel K. Mechanisms of Nanoparticle Transport across Intestinal Tissue: An Oral Delivery Perspective. ACS NANO 2023. [PMID: 37410891 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c02403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
Oral drug administration has been a popular choice due to patient compliance and limited clinical resources. Orally delivered drugs must circumvent the harsh gastrointestinal (GI) environment to effectively enter the systemic circulation. The GI tract has a number of structural and physiological barriers that limit drug bioavailability including mucus, the tightly regulated epithelial layer, immune cells, and associated vasculature. Nanoparticles have been used to enhance oral bioavailability of drugs, as they can act as a shield to the harsh GI environment and prevent early degradation while also increasing uptake and transport of drugs across the intestinal epithelium. Evidence suggests that different nanoparticle formulations may be transported via different intracellular mechanisms to cross the intestinal epithelium. Despite the existence of a significant body of work on intestinal transport of nanoparticles, many key questions remain: What causes the poor bioavailability of the oral drugs? What factors contribute to the ability of a nanoparticle to cross different intestinal barriers? Do nanoparticle properties such as size and charge influence the type of endocytic pathways taken? In this Review, we summarize the different components of intestinal barriers and the types of nanoparticles developed for oral delivery. In particular, we focus on the various intracellular pathways used in nanoparticle internalization and nanoparticle or cargo translocation across the epithelium. Understanding the gut barrier, nanoparticle characteristics, and transport pathways may lead to the development of more therapeutically useful nanoparticles as drug carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarfaraz Ahmad Ejazi
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, 3120 A. James Clark Hall, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Rebecca Louisthelmy
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, 3120 A. James Clark Hall, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Katharina Maisel
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, 3120 A. James Clark Hall, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
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Nsairat H, Lafi Z, Al-Sulaibi M, Gharaibeh L, Alshaer W. Impact of nanotechnology on the oral delivery of phyto-bioactive compounds. Food Chem 2023; 424:136438. [PMID: 37244187 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.136438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Nanotechnology is an advanced field that has remarkable nutraceutical and food applications. Phyto-bioactive compounds (PBCs) play critical roles in promoting health and disease treatment. However, PBCs generally encounter several limitations that delay their widespread application. For example, most PBCs have low aqueous solubility, poor biostability, poor bioavailability, and a lack of target specificity. Moreover, the high concentrations of effective PBC doses also limit their application. As a result, encapsulating PBCs into an appropriate nanocarrier may increase their solubility and biostability and protect them from premature degradation. Moreover, nanoencapsulation could improve absorption and prolong circulation with a high opportunity for targeted delivery that may decrease unwanted toxicity. This review addresses the main parameters, variables, and barriers that control and affect oral PBC delivery. Moreover, this review discusses the potential role of biocompatible and biodegradable nanocarriers in improving the water solubility, chemical stability, bioavailability, and specificity/selectivity of PBCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamdi Nsairat
- Pharmacological and Diagnostic Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman 19328, Jordan.
| | - Zainab Lafi
- Pharmacological and Diagnostic Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman 19328, Jordan
| | - Mazen Al-Sulaibi
- Pharmacological and Diagnostic Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman 19328, Jordan
| | - Lobna Gharaibeh
- Pharmacological and Diagnostic Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman 19328, Jordan
| | - Walhan Alshaer
- Cell Therapy Center, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan.
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11
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Harisa GI, Sherif AY, Alanazi FK, Ali EA, Omran GA, Nasr FA, Attia SM, Alqahtani AS. TPGS decorated NLC shift gefitinib from portal absorption into lymphatic delivery: Intracellular trafficking, biodistribution and bioavailability studies. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2023; 223:113148. [PMID: 36706479 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2023.113148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Lymphatic drug delivery (LDD) is an attractive option for the prevention and treatment of cancer metastasis. This study aims to develop TPGS decorated nanostructure lipid carrier gefitinib loaded (TPGS-NLC-GEF). Biocompatibility and cytotoxicity were studied using erythrocytes and A549 cell lines. Furthermore, cellular uptake of the prepared TPGS-NLC was studied using 5-carboxyfluorescein (5-CF). Pharmacokinetic, biodistribution, and chylomicron-block flow studies were performed using male Wister Albino rats to investigate the influence of TPGS-NLC on plasma concentration-time profile, organ deposition, and LDD of GEF. The present results indicated that the prepared TPGS-NLC and TPGS-NLC-GEF formulation had a particle size range of 268 and 288 nm with a negative zeta-potential value of - 29.3 and - 26.5 mV, respectively. The in-vitro release showed burst drug release followed by sustained release. In addition, the biosafety in the term of the hemocompatibility study showed that the prepared formulation was safe at the therapeutic level. Additionally, an in-vitro cytotoxicity study showed that the TPGS-NLC was able to enhance the activity of GEF against the A549 cell line. The cellular uptake study showed the ability of TPGS-NLC to enhance 5-CF internalization by 12.6-fold compared to the 5-CF solution. Furthermore, the in-vivo study showed that TPGS-NLC was able to enhance GEF bioavailability (1.5-fold) through lymphatic system which was confirmed via the indirect chylomicron-block flow method. The tissue distribution study showed the ability of lipid nanoparticles to enhance lung drug deposition by 5.8-fold compared to a GEF suspension. This study concluded that GEF-NLC-GEF is an encouraging approach for the treatment of metastatic lung cancer through lymphatic delivery, enhanced bioavailability, and reduced systemic toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gamaleldin I Harisa
- Kayyali Chair for Pharmaceutical Industry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Abdelrahman Y Sherif
- Kayyali Chair for Pharmaceutical Industry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Fars K Alanazi
- Kayyali Chair for Pharmaceutical Industry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Essam A Ali
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Gamal A Omran
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt.
| | - Fahd A Nasr
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Sabry M Attia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Ali S Alqahtani
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
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Pharmacokinetic modulation of substrate drugs via the inhibition of drug-metabolizing enzymes and transporters using pharmaceutical excipients. JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL INVESTIGATION 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s40005-022-00606-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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13
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Guo Z, Liu Y, Luo Y. Mechanisms of carotenoid intestinal absorption and the regulation of dietary lipids: lipid transporter-mediated transintestinal epithelial pathways. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 64:1791-1816. [PMID: 36069234 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2119204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Dietary lipids are key ingredients during cooking, processing, and seasoning of carotenoid-rich fruits and vegetables, playing vitals in affecting the absorption and utilization of carotenoids for achieving their health benefits. Besides, dietary lipids have also been extensively studied to construct various delivery systems for carotenoids, such as micro/nanoparticles, micro/nanoemulsions, and liposomes. Currently, the efficacies of these techniques on improving carotenoid bioavailability are often evaluated using the micellization rate or "bioaccessibility" based on in vitro models. However, recent studies have found that dietary lipids may also affect the carotenoid uptake via intestinal epithelial cells and the efflux of intracellular chyle particles via lipid transporters. An increasing number of studies reveal the varied impact of different dietary lipids on the absorption of different carotenoids and some lipids may even have an inhibitory effect. Consequently, it is necessary to clarify the relationship between the addition of dietary lipids and the intestinal absorption of carotenoid to fully understand the role of lipids during this process. This paper first introduces the intestinal absorption mechanism of carotenoids, including the effect of bile salts and lipases on mixed micelles, the types and regulation of lipid transporters, intracellular metabolizing enzymes, and the efflux process of chyle particles. Then, the regulatory mechanism of dietary lipids during intestinal carotenoid absorption is further discussed. Finally, the importance of selecting the dietary lipids for the absorption and utilization of different carotenoids and the design of an efficient delivery carrier are emphasized. This review provides suggestions for precise dietary carotenoid supplementation and offere an important reference for constructing efficient transport carriers for liposoluble nutrients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixin Guo
- College of Marine Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Yixiang Liu
- College of Marine Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian, People's Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Provincial and Ministerial Co-construction for Marine Food Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Yangchao Luo
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
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14
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Kuedo Z, Chotphruethipong L, Raju N, Reudhabibadh R, Benjakul S, Chonpathompikunlert P, Klaypradit W, Hutamekalin P. Oral Administration of Ethanolic Extract of Shrimp Shells-Loaded Liposome Protects against Aβ-Induced Memory Impairment in Rats. Foods 2022; 11:foods11172673. [PMID: 36076858 PMCID: PMC9455250 DOI: 10.3390/foods11172673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is characterized by a progressive loss of memory and cognition. Accumulation of amyloid-beta (Aβ) in the brain is a well-known pathological hallmark of the disease. In this study, the ethanolic extract of white shrimp (Litopenaous vannamei) shells and the ethanolic extract-loaded liposome were tested for the neuroprotective effects on Aβ1-42-induced memory impairment in rats. The commercial astaxanthin was used as a control. Treatment with the ethanolic extract of shrimp shells (EESS) at the dose of 100 mg/kg BW showed no protective effect in Aβ-treated rats. However, treatment with an EESS-loaded liposome at the dose of 100 mg/kg BW significantly improved memory ability in Morris water maze and object recognition tests. The beneficial effect of the EESS-loaded liposome was ensured by the increase of the memory-related proteins including BDNF/TrkB and pre- and post-synaptic protein markers GAP-43 and PSD-95 as well as pErk1/2/Erk1/2 in the cortex and hippocampus. These findings indicated the neuroprotective effects of the EESS-loaded liposome on Aβ-induced memory impairment in rats. It produced beneficial effects on learning behavior probably through the function of BDNF/TrkB/pErk1/2/Erk1/2 signaling pathway and subsequently the upregulation of synaptic proteins. The present study provided evidence that the neuroprotective property of the ESSE-loaded liposome could be a promising strategy for AD protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zulkiflee Kuedo
- Division of Health and Applied Sciences, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
| | - Lalita Chotphruethipong
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Science, Burapha University, Mueang Chonburi, Chonburi 20131, Thailand
| | - Navaneethan Raju
- International Center of Excellence in Seafood Science and Innovation, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
| | | | - Soottawat Benjakul
- International Center of Excellence in Seafood Science and Innovation, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
| | - Pennapa Chonpathompikunlert
- Expert Center of Innovative Health Food and Biodiversity Research Centre, Thailand Institute of Scientific and Technological Research, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - Wanwimol Klaypradit
- Department of Fishery Products, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Pilaiwanwadee Hutamekalin
- Division of Health and Applied Sciences, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +66-74-288-207
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15
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Bioavailability Enhancement Techniques for Poorly Aqueous Soluble Drugs and Therapeutics. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10092055. [PMID: 36140156 PMCID: PMC9495787 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10092055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The low water solubility of pharmacoactive molecules limits their pharmacological potential, but the solubility parameter cannot compromise, and so different approaches are employed to enhance their bioavailability. Pharmaceutically active molecules with low solubility convey a higher risk of failure for drug innovation and development. Pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and several other parameters, such as drug distribution, protein binding and absorption, are majorly affected by their solubility. Among all pharmaceutical dosage forms, oral dosage forms cover more than 50%, and the drug molecule should be water-soluble. For good therapeutic activity by the drug molecule on the target site, solubility and bioavailability are crucial factors. The pharmaceutical industry’s screening programs identified that around 40% of new chemical entities (NCEs) face various difficulties at the formulation and development stages. These pharmaceuticals demonstrate less solubility and bioavailability. Enhancement of the bioavailability and solubility of drugs is a significant challenge in the area of pharmaceutical formulations. According to the Classification of Biopharmaceutics, Class II and IV drugs (APIs) exhibit poor solubility, lower bioavailability, and less dissolution. Various technologies are discussed in this article to improve the solubility of poorly water-soluble drugs, for example, the complexation of active molecules, the utilization of emulsion formation, micelles, microemulsions, cosolvents, polymeric micelle preparation, particle size reduction technologies, pharmaceutical salts, prodrugs, the solid-state alternation technique, soft gel technology, drug nanocrystals, solid dispersion methods, crystal engineering techniques and nanomorph technology. This review mainly describes several other advanced methodologies for solubility and bioavailability enhancement, such as crystal engineering, micronization, solid dispersions, nano sizing, the use of cyclodextrins, solid lipid nanoparticles, colloidal drug delivery systems and drug conjugates, referring to a number of appropriate research reports.
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16
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Azman M, Sabri AH, Anjani QK, Mustaffa MF, Hamid KA. Intestinal Absorption Study: Challenges and Absorption Enhancement Strategies in Improving Oral Drug Delivery. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15080975. [PMID: 36015123 PMCID: PMC9412385 DOI: 10.3390/ph15080975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The oral route is the most common and practical means of drug administration, particularly from a patient’s perspective. However, the pharmacokinetic profile of oral drugs depends on the rate of drug absorption through the intestinal wall before entering the systemic circulation. However, the enteric epithelium represents one of the major limiting steps for drug absorption, due to the presence of efflux transporters on the intestinal membrane, mucous layer, enzymatic degradation, and the existence of tight junctions along the intestinal linings. These challenges are more noticeable for hydrophilic drugs, high molecular weight drugs, and drugs that are substrates of the efflux transporters. Another challenge faced by oral drug delivery is the presence of first-pass hepatic metabolism that can result in reduced drug bioavailability. Over the years, a wide range of compounds have been investigated for their permeation-enhancing effect in order to circumvent these challenges. There is also a growing interest in developing nanocarrier-based formulation strategies to enhance the drug absorption. Therefore, this review aims to provide an overview of the challenges faced by oral drug delivery and selected strategies to enhance the oral drug absorption, including the application of absorption enhancers and nanocarrier-based formulations based on in vitro, in vivo, and in situ studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maisarah Azman
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA Cawangan Selangor, Puncak Alam 42300, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Akmal H. Sabri
- Medical Biology Centre, School of Pharmacy, Queen’s University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Qonita Kurnia Anjani
- Medical Biology Centre, School of Pharmacy, Queen’s University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
- Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Megarezky, Jl. Antang Raya No. 43, Makassar 90234, Indonesia
| | - Mohd Faiz Mustaffa
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA Cawangan Selangor, Puncak Alam 42300, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Khuriah Abdul Hamid
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA Cawangan Selangor, Puncak Alam 42300, Selangor, Malaysia
- Atta-ur-Rahman Institute for Natural Product Discovery (AuRINS), Universiti Teknologi MARA Cawangan Selangor, Puncak Alam 42300, Selangor, Malaysia
- Correspondence:
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17
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Central Composite Optimization of Glycerosomes for the Enhanced Oral Bioavailability and Brain Delivery of Quetiapine Fumarate. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15080940. [PMID: 36015089 PMCID: PMC9412614 DOI: 10.3390/ph15080940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to formulate and statistically optimize glycerosomal formulations of Quetiapine fumarate (QTF) to increase its oral bioavailability and enhance its brain delivery. The study was designed using a Central composite rotatable design using Design-Expert® software. The independent variables in the study were glycerol % w/v and cholesterol % w/v, while the dependent variables were vesicle size (VS), zeta potential (ZP), and entrapment efficiency percent (EE%). The numerical optimization process resulted in an optimum formula composed of 29.645 (w/v%) glycerol, 0.8 (w/v%) cholesterol, and 5 (w/v%) lecithin. It showed a vesicle size of 290.4 nm, zeta potential of −34.58, and entrapment efficiency of 80.85%. The optimum formula was further characterized for DSC, XRD, TEM, in-vitro release, the effect of aging, and pharmacokinetic study. DSC thermogram confirmed the compatibility of the drug with the ingredients. XRD revealed the encapsulation of the drug in the glycerosomal nanovesicles. TEM image revealed spherical vesicles with no aggregates. Additionally, it showed enhanced drug release when compared to a drug suspension and also exhibited good stability for one month. Moreover, it showed higher brain Cmax, AUC0–24, and AUC0–∞ and plasma AUC0–24 and AUC0–∞ in comparison to drug suspension. It showed brain and plasma bioavailability enhancement of 153.15 and 179.85%, respectively, compared to the drug suspension. So, the optimum glycerosomal formula may be regarded as a promising carrier to enhance the oral bioavailability and brain delivery of Quetiapine fumarate.
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18
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Mariadoss AVA, Sivakumar AS, Lee CH, Kim SJ. Diabetes mellitus and diabetic foot ulcer: Etiology, biochemical and molecular based treatment strategies via gene and nanotherapy. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 151:113134. [PMID: 35617802 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a collection of metabolic and pathophysiological disorders manifested with high glucose levels in the blood due to the inability of β-pancreatic cells to secrete an adequate amount of insulin or insensitivity of insulin towards receptor to oxidize blood glucose. Nevertheless, the preceding definition is only applicable to people who do not have inherited or metabolic disorders. Suppose a person who has been diagnosed with Type 1 or Type 2DM sustains an injury and the treatment of the damage is complicated and prolonged. In that case, the injury is referred to as a diabetic foot ulcer (DFU). In the presence of many proliferating macrophages in the injury site for an extended period causes the damage to worsen and become a diabetic wound. In this review, the scientific information and therapeutic management of DM/DFU with nanomedicine, and other related data were collected (Web of Science and PubMed) from January 2000 to January 2022. Most of the articles revealed that standard drugs are usually prescribed along with hypoglycaemic medications. Conversely, such drugs stabilize the glucose transporters and homeostasis for a limited period, resulting in side effects such as kidney damage/failure, absorption/gastrointestinal problems, and hypoglycemic issues. In this paper, we review the current basic and clinical evidence about the potential of medicinal plants, gene therapy, chemical/green synthesized nanoparticles to improving the metabolic profile, and facilitating the DM and DFU associated complications. Preclinical studies also reported lower plasma glucose with molecular targets in DM and DFU. Research is underway to explore chemical/green synthesized nanoparticle-based medications to avoid such side effects. Hence, the present review is intended to address the current challenges, recently recognized factors responsible for DM and DFU, their pathophysiology, insulin receptors associated with DM, medications in trend, and related complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arokia Vijaya Anand Mariadoss
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University, College of Medicine, Hwaseong, Republic of Korea
| | - Allur Subramaniyan Sivakumar
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University, College of Medicine, Hwaseong, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Hun Lee
- Department of New Biology, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Jae Kim
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University, College of Medicine, Hwaseong, Republic of Korea.
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Singh N, Handa M, Singh V, Kesharwani P, Shukla R. Lymphatic targeting for therapeutic application using nanoparticulate systems. J Drug Target 2022; 30:1017-1033. [PMID: 35722764 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2022.2092741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The lymphatic system has grasped attention of researchers to a greater extent. The conventional methods of lymphatic delivery are now being modified to include nanotechnology to enhance the targeting of the drug at the specific pathological site. Scientists have worked successfully on different drug loaded nanocarriers that are modulated for the lymphatic system targeting for the treatment of various fatal diseases. Huge strides have been made in methods of delivery of these drugs either individually or in combination along with nanoparticles, therapeutic genes, and vaccines. However, the products introduced for commercial use are almost near nil. Altogether, there are challenges that need to be resolved and studies that are meant to be done for further improvements. The current review focuses on the understanding and pathophysiology of the lymphatic system and changes that occur during disease, drug characteristics, and physicochemical parameters that influence the lymphatic uptake of drugs and different nanocarriers. We further highlight different potential results obtained over the years with nanocarriers and other delivery methods to effectively target the lymphatic system for their therapeutic application. The challenges and drawbacks governing the lack of products available clinically have also been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidhi Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Raebareli, Lucknow, U.P, India-226002
| | - Mayank Handa
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Raebareli, Lucknow, U.P, India-226002
| | - Vanshikha Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India-110062
| | - Prashant Kesharwani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India-110062
| | - Rahul Shukla
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Raebareli, Lucknow, U.P, India-226002
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20
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Keranmu A, Pan LB, Yu H, Fu J, Liu YF, Amuti S, Han P, Ma SR, Xu H, Zhang ZW, Chen D, Yang FY, Wang MS, Wang Y, Xing NZ, Jiang JD. The potential biological effects of quercetin based on pharmacokinetics and multi-targeted mechanism in vivo. JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2022; 24:403-431. [PMID: 35282731 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2022.2045965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Quercetin is a plant-derived polyphenol flavonoid that has been proven to be effective for many diseases. However, the mechanism and in vivo metabolism of quercetin remains to be clarified. It achieves a wide range of biological effects through various metabolites, gut microbiota and its metabolites, systemic mediators produced by inflammation and oxidation, as well as by multiple mechanisms. The all-round disease treatment of quercetin is achieved through the organic combination of multiple channels. Therefore, this article clarifies the metabolic process of quercetin in the body, and explores the new pattern of action of quercetin in the treatment of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adili Keranmu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Urology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Li-Bin Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Hang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Jie Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yi-Fang Liu
- Department of Tuberculosis, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University, Shanghai Clinical Research Center of Tuberculosis, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Siyiti Amuti
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Science, Xinjiang Medical University, Ürümqi 830011, China
| | - Pei Han
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Shu-Rong Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Hui Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Zheng-Wei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Dong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Urology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Fei-Ya Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Urology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Ming-Shuai Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Urology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Yan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Nian-Zeng Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Urology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Jian-Dong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
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21
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Yoshida T, Kojima H, Sako K, Kondo H. Drug delivery to the intestinal lymph by oral formulations. Pharm Dev Technol 2022; 27:175-189. [PMID: 35037843 DOI: 10.1080/10837450.2022.2030353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Oral drug delivery systems (DDS) targeting lymphocytes in intestinal lymphatic vessels, ducts, and nodes are useful for treating diverse diseases. The intestinal lymph harbors numerous lymphocyte subsets, and DDS containing lipids such as triglycerides and fatty acids can deliver drugs to the lymph through the chylomicron pathway. DDS are efficient, thus allowing the administration of reduced drug doses, which mitigate systemic adverse effects. Here we review orally administered lipid formulations comprising oil solutions, suspensions, micro/nanoemulsions, self-micro/nano emulsifying DDS, liposomes, micelles, solid lipid nanoparticles, and nanostructured lipid carriers for targeting drugs to the lymph. We first describe the structures of lymphatic vessels and lymph nodes and the oral absorption of lipids and drugs into the intestinal lymph. We next summarize the effects of the properties and amounts of lipids and drugs delivered into the lymph and lymphocytes, as well as their effects on drug delivery ratios of lymph to blood. Finally, we describe lymphatic DDS containing saquinavir, tacrolimus, and methotrexate, and their potency that reduce drug concentrations in blood, which are associated with systemic adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takayuki Yoshida
- Drug Delivery, Pharmaceutical Research and Technology Labs., Astellas Pharma Inc., Yaizu, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kojima
- Pharmaceutical Research and Technology Labs., Astellas Pharma Inc., Yaizu, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Sako
- Corporate Advocacy, Astellas Pharma Inc., 2-5-1, Nihonbashi-honcho, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 103-0023, Japan
| | - Hiromu Kondo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
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22
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Miao YB, Lin YJ, Chen KH, Luo PK, Chuang SH, Yu YT, Tai HM, Chen CT, Lin KJ, Sung HW. Engineering Nano- and Microparticles as Oral Delivery Vehicles to Promote Intestinal Lymphatic Drug Transport. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2104139. [PMID: 34596293 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202104139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Targeted oral delivery of a drug via the intestinal lymphatic system (ILS) has the advantages of protecting against hepatic first-pass metabolism of the drug and improving its pharmacokinetic performance. It is also a promising route for the oral delivery of vaccines and therapeutic agents to induce mucosal immune responses and treat lymphatic diseases, respectively. This article describes the anatomical structures and physiological characteristics of the ILS, with an emphasis on enterocytes and microfold (M) cells, which are the main gateways for the transport of particulate delivery vehicles across the intestinal epithelium into the lymphatics. A comprehensive overview of recent advances in the rational engineering of particulate vehicles, along with the challenges and opportunities that they present for improving ILS drug delivery, is provided, and the mechanisms by which such vehicles target and transport through enterocytes or M cells are discussed. The use of naturally sourced materials, such as yeast microcapsules and their derived polymeric β-glucans, as novel ILS-targeting delivery vehicles is also reviewed. Such use is the focus of an emerging field of research. Their potential use in the oral delivery of nucleic acids, such as mRNA vaccines, is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang-Bao Miao
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yu-Jung Lin
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Kuan-Hung Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Po-Kai Luo
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Shun-Hao Chuang
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yu-Tzu Yu
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Hsien-Meng Tai
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Chiung-Tong Chen
- Institute of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Kun-Ju Lin
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Center, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, and Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Hsing-Wen Sung
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, Republic of China
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23
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Rajput A, Pingale P, Telange D, Chalikwar S, Borse V. Lymphatic transport system to circumvent hepatic metabolism for oral delivery of lipid-based nanocarriers. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2021.102934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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24
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Hasan D, Shono A, van Kalken CK, van der Spek PJ, Krenning EP, Kotani T. A novel definition and treatment of hyperinflammation in COVID-19 based on purinergic signalling. Purinergic Signal 2021; 18:13-59. [PMID: 34757513 PMCID: PMC8578920 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-021-09814-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperinflammation plays an important role in severe and critical COVID-19. Using inconsistent criteria, many researchers define hyperinflammation as a form of very severe inflammation with cytokine storm. Therefore, COVID-19 patients are treated with anti-inflammatory drugs. These drugs appear to be less efficacious than expected and are sometimes accompanied by serious adverse effects. SARS-CoV-2 promotes cellular ATP release. Increased levels of extracellular ATP activate the purinergic receptors of the immune cells initiating the physiologic pro-inflammatory immune response. Persisting viral infection drives the ATP release even further leading to the activation of the P2X7 purinergic receptors (P2X7Rs) and a severe yet physiologic inflammation. Disease progression promotes prolonged vigorous activation of the P2X7R causing cell death and uncontrolled ATP release leading to cytokine storm and desensitisation of all other purinergic receptors of the immune cells. This results in immune paralysis with co-infections or secondary infections. We refer to this pathologic condition as hyperinflammation. The readily available and affordable P2X7R antagonist lidocaine can abrogate hyperinflammation and restore the normal immune function. The issue is that the half-maximal effective concentration for P2X7R inhibition of lidocaine is much higher than the maximal tolerable plasma concentration where adverse effects start to develop. To overcome this, we selectively inhibit the P2X7Rs of the immune cells of the lymphatic system inducing clonal expansion of Tregs in local lymph nodes. Subsequently, these Tregs migrate throughout the body exerting anti-inflammatory activities suppressing systemic and (distant) local hyperinflammation. We illustrate this with six critically ill COVID-19 patients treated with lidocaine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Atsuko Shono
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo, 142-8666, Japan
| | | | - Peter J van der Spek
- Department of Pathology & Clinical Bioinformatics, Erasmus MC, Erasmus Universiteit Rotterdam, 3015 CE, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Toru Kotani
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo, 142-8666, Japan
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25
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Jayathungage Don TD, Suresh V, Cater JE, Clarke RJ. Modelling uptake and transport of therapeutic agents through the lymphatic system. Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Engin 2021; 25:861-874. [PMID: 34592851 DOI: 10.1080/10255842.2021.1984434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The ability of the lymphatic network to absorb large molecules and bypass the first-pass liver metabolism makes it appealing as a delivery system for therapeutic substances. In most cases, the drug is injected into the subcutaneous tissue and must negotiate the tissue space, before being drained via the lymphatics. Tracking the transport of drug molecules through this route is challenging, and computational models of lymphatic drainage can play an important role in assessing the efficacy of a proposed delivery strategy. The three-dimensional computational model we present here of the peripheral lymphatic network and surrounding interstitium is informed by anatomical data, and quantifies the degree to which uptake and transit times are affected by drug particle size, physiological flow rates, and specifics of drug injection.
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Affiliation(s)
- T D Jayathungage Don
- Department of Engineering Science, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.,Auckland Bioengineering Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - V Suresh
- Department of Engineering Science, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.,Auckland Bioengineering Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - J E Cater
- Department of Engineering Science, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - R J Clarke
- Department of Engineering Science, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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26
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Punjabi MS, Naha A, Shetty D, Nayak UY. Lymphatic Drug Transport and Associated Drug Delivery Technologies: A Comprehensive Review. Curr Pharm Des 2021; 27:1992-1998. [PMID: 33272166 DOI: 10.2174/1381612826999201203214247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Lymphatic system is the secondary circulation system of the human body after the systemic circulation. Various problems, including the first-pass metabolism through oral administration of medicines, can be resolved by lymphatic targeting. Lymphatic absorption has been explored in detail, and studies reveal the improved bioavailability of medicines. In the case of cancer, AIDS, and various other health problems, lymphatic targeting has been focused on due to the fact that lymph nodes are involved greatly in tumor metastasis. This article reviews lymphatic absorption and its exploration in the treatment of various health problems. The physiology of the lymphatic system, the mechanisms of absorption, and the various formulation systems suitable for lymphatic absorption have been discussed. Some recent novel approaches like hydrodynamically driven device (HDD) and carbon nanotubes for lymphatic delivery have also been appraised.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anup Naha
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal - 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Disha Shetty
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal - 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Usha Y Nayak
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal - 576104, Karnataka, India
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27
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Pandya P, Giram P, Bhole RP, Chang HI, Raut SY. Nanocarriers based oral lymphatic drug targeting: Strategic bioavailability enhancement approaches. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2021.102585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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28
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Ye J, Gao Y, Ji M, Yang Y, Wang Z, Wang B, Jin J, Li L, Wang H, Xu X, Liao H, Lian C, Xu Y, Li R, Sun T, Gao L, Li Y, Chen X, Liu Y. Oral SMEDDS promotes lymphatic transport and mesenteric lymph nodes target of chlorogenic acid for effective T-cell antitumor immunity. J Immunother Cancer 2021; 9:jitc-2021-002753. [PMID: 34272308 PMCID: PMC8287630 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2021-002753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs) are critical draining lymph nodes of the immune system that accommodate more than half of the body's lymphocytes, suggesting their potential value as a cancer immunotherapy target. Therefore, efficient delivery of immunomodulators to the MLNs holds great potential for activating immune responses and enhancing the efficacy of antitumor immunotherapy. Self-microemulsifying drug delivery systems (SMEDDS) have attracted increasing attention to improving oral bioavailability by taking advantage of the intestinal lymphatic transport pathway. Relatively little focus has been given to the lymphatic transport advantage of SMEDDS for efficient immunomodulators delivery to the MLNs. In the present study, we aimed to change the intestinal lymphatic transport paradigm from increasing bioavailability to delivering high concentrations of immunomodulators to the MLNs. METHODS Chlorogenic acid (CHA)-encapsulated SMEDDS (CHA-SME) were developed for targeted delivery of CHA to the MLNs. The intestinal lymphatic transport, immunoregulatory effects on immune cells, and overall antitumor immune efficacy of CHA-SME were investigated through in vitro and in vivo experiments. RESULTS CHA-SME enhanced drug permeation through intestinal epithelial cells and promoted drug accumulation within the MLNs via the lymphatic transport pathway. Furthermore, CHA-SME inhibited tumor growth in subcutaneous and orthotopic glioma models by promoting dendritic cell maturation, priming the naive T cells into effector T cells, and inhibiting the immunosuppressive component. Notably, CHA-SME induced a long-term immune memory effect for immunotherapy. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that CHA-SME have great potential to enhance the immunotherapeutic efficacy of CHA by activating antitumor immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanfang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaohui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Baolian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongliang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hengfeng Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunfang Lian
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaqi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Renjie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Tong Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Lili Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoguang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuling Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China .,Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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29
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Jash A, Ubeyitogullari A, Rizvi SSH. Liposomes for oral delivery of protein and peptide-based therapeutics: challenges, formulation strategies, and advances. J Mater Chem B 2021; 9:4773-4792. [PMID: 34027542 DOI: 10.1039/d1tb00126d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Throughout the past decade, there has been a rapid growth in the development of protein/peptide-based therapeutics. These therapeutics have found widespread applications in the treatment of cancer, infectious diseases, and other metabolic disorders owing to their several desirable attributes, such as reduced toxicity, diverse biological activities, high specificity, and potency. Most protein/peptide-based drugs are still administered parenterally, and there is an unprecedented demand in the pharmaceutical industry to develop oral delivery routes to increase patient acceptability and convenience. Recent advancements in nanomedicine discoveries have led to the development of several nano and micro-particle-based oral delivery platforms for protein/peptide-based therapeutics and among these, liposomes have emerged as a prominent candidate. Liposomes are spherical vesicles composed of one or more phospholipid bilayers enclosing a core aqueous phase. Their unique amphiphilic nature enables encapsulation of a diverse range of bioactives/drugs including both hydrophobic and hydrophilic compounds for delivery. Against this backdrop, this review provides an overview of the current approaches and challenges associated with the routes and methods of oral administration of protein/peptide-based therapeutics by using liposomes as a potential vehicle. First, the conventional and innovative liposome formation approaches have been discussed along with their applications. Next, the challenges associated with current approaches for oral delivery of protein and peptide-derived therapeutics have been thoroughly addressed. Lastly, we have critically reviewed the potential of liposomes utilization as vehicles for oral delivery of proteins emphasizing the current status and future directions in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apratim Jash
- Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA
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30
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Ge J, Guo K, Zhang C, Talukder M, Lv MW, Li JY, Li JL. Comparison of nanoparticle-selenium, selenium-enriched yeast and sodium selenite on the alleviation of cadmium-induced inflammation via NF-kB/IκB pathway in heart. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 773:145442. [PMID: 33940727 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2020] [Revised: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) has been confirmed as an environmental contaminant, which potential threats health impacts to humans and animals. Selenium (Se) as a beneficial element that alleviates the negative effects of Cd toxicity. Se mainly exists in two forms in food nutrients including organic Se usually as (Se-enriched yeast (SeY)) and inorganic Se (sodium selenite (SSe)). Nanoparticle of Se (Nano-Se), a new form Se, which is synthesized by the bioreduction of Se species, which attracted significant attention recently. However, compared the superiority alleviation effects of Nano-Se, SeY or SSe on Cd-induced toxicity and related mechanisms are still poorly understood. The purpose of this study was to compare the superiority antagonism effects of Nano-Se, SeY and SSe on Cd-induced inflammation response via NF-kB/IκB pathway in the heart. The present study demonstrated that exposed to Cd obviously increased the accumulation of Cd, disruption of ion homeostasis and depressed the ratios of K+/Na+ and Mg2+/Ca2+ via ion chromatography mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) detecting the heart specimens. In the results of histological and ultrastructure observation, typical inflammatory infiltrate characteristics and mitochondria and nuclear structure alterations in the hearts of Cd group were confirmed. Cd treatment enhanced the inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) activities and NOS isoforms expression via NF-kB/IκB pathway to promote inflammation response. However, the combined treatment of Cd-exposed animals with Nano-Se was more effective than SeY and SSe in reversing Cd-induced histopathological changes and iNOS activities increased, reducing Cd accumulation and antagonizing Cd-triggered inflammation response via NF-kB/IκB pathway in chicken hearts. Overall, Se applications, especially Nano-Se, can be most efficiently used for relieving cardiotoxicity by exposed to Cd compared to other Se compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Ge
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Kai Guo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China; Chifeng Animal Health Supervision Institute, Chifeng County 024000, PR China
| | - Cong Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China; College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, 450046 Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Milton Talukder
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Barishal 8210, Bangladesh
| | - Mei-Wei Lv
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Jin-Yang Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Jin-Long Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China; Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China; Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China.
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31
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Chu Y, Qin C, Feng W, Sheriston C, Jane Khor Y, Medrano-Padial C, Watson BE, Chan T, Ling B, Stocks MJ, Fischer PM, Gershkovich P. Oral administration of tipranavir with long-chain triglyceride results in moderate intestinal lymph targeting but no efficient delivery to HIV-1 reservoir in mesenteric lymph nodes. Int J Pharm 2021; 602:120621. [PMID: 33892057 PMCID: PMC11244656 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The introduction of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) led to substantial improvement in mortality and morbidity of HIV-1 infection. However, the poor penetration of antiretroviral agents to HIV-1 reservoirs limit the ability of the antiretroviral agents to eliminate the virus. Mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs) are one of the main HIV-1 reservoirs in patients under suppressive cART. Intestinal lymphatic absorption pathway substantially increases the concentration of lipophilic drugs in mesenteric lymph and MLNs when they are co-administered with long-chain triglyceride (LCT). Chylomicrons (CM) play a crucial role in the intestinal lymphatic absorption as they transport drugs to the lymph lacteals rather than blood capillary by forming CM-drug complexes in the enterocytes. Thus, lipophilic antiretroviral drugs could potentially be delivered to HIV-1 reservoirs in MLNs by LCT-based formulation approach. In this study, protease inhibitors (PIs) were initially screened for their potential for intestinal lymphatic targeting using a computational model. The candidates were further assessed for their experimental affinity to CM. Tipranavir (TPV) was the only-candidate with substantial affinity to both artificial and natural CM in vitro and ex vivo. Pharmacokinetics and biodistribution studies were then performed to evaluate the oral bioavailability and intestinal lymphatic targeting of TPV in rats. The results showed similar oral bioavailability of TPV with and without co-administration of LCT vehicle. Although LCT-based formulation led to 3-fold higher concentrations of TPV in mesenteric lymph compared to plasma, the levels of the drug in MLNs were similar to plasma in both LCT-based and lipid-free formulation groups. Thus, LCT-based formulation approach alone was not sufficient for effective delivery of TPV to MLNs. Future efforts should be directed to a combined highly lipophilic prodrugs/lipid-based formulation approach to target TPV, other PIs and potentially other classes of antiretroviral agents to viral reservoirs within the mesenteric lymphatic system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yenju Chu
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom; Tri-Service General Hospital, Medical Supplies and Maintenance Office, National Defense Medical Centre, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chaolong Qin
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Wanshan Feng
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Charles Sheriston
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Yu Jane Khor
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Concepción Medrano-Padial
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom; Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Seville, Spain
| | - Birgit E Watson
- British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Teddy Chan
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Binhua Ling
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, 78227, USA
| | - Michael J Stocks
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Peter M Fischer
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Pavel Gershkovich
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom.
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32
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De Leo V, Milano F, Agostiano A, Catucci L. Recent Advancements in Polymer/Liposome Assembly for Drug Delivery: From Surface Modifications to Hybrid Vesicles. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:1027. [PMID: 33810273 PMCID: PMC8037206 DOI: 10.3390/polym13071027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Liposomes are consolidated and attractive biomimetic nanocarriers widely used in the field of drug delivery. The structural versatility of liposomes has been exploited for the development of various carriers for the topical or systemic delivery of drugs and bioactive molecules, with the possibility of increasing their bioavailability and stability, and modulating and directing their release, while limiting the side effects at the same time. Nevertheless, first-generation vesicles suffer from some limitations including physical instability, short in vivo circulation lifetime, reduced payload, uncontrolled release properties, and low targeting abilities. Therefore, liposome preparation technology soon took advantage of the possibility of improving vesicle performance using both natural and synthetic polymers. Polymers can easily be synthesized in a controlled manner over a wide range of molecular weights and in a low dispersity range. Their properties are widely tunable and therefore allow the low chemical versatility typical of lipids to be overcome. Moreover, depending on their structure, polymers can be used to create a simple covering on the liposome surface or to intercalate in the phospholipid bilayer to give rise to real hybrid structures. This review illustrates the main strategies implemented in the field of polymer/liposome assembly for drug delivery, with a look at the most recent publications without neglecting basic concepts for a simple and complete understanding by the reader.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo De Leo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bari, Via Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, Italy;
| | - Francesco Milano
- Istituto di Scienze delle Produzioni Alimentari (ISPA), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), S.P. Lecce-Monteroni, Ecotekne, 73100 Lecce, Italy;
| | - Angela Agostiano
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bari, Via Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, Italy;
| | - Lucia Catucci
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bari, Via Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, Italy;
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33
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Upadhya R, Punia A, Kanagala MJ, Liu L, Lamm M, Rhodes TA, Gormley AJ. Automated PET-RAFT Polymerization Towards Pharmaceutical Amorphous Solid Dispersion Development. ACS APPLIED POLYMER MATERIALS 2021; 3:1525-1536. [PMID: 34368765 PMCID: PMC8336633 DOI: 10.1021/acsapm.0c01376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In pharmaceutical oral drug delivery development, about 90% of drugs in the pipeline have poor aqueous solubility leading to severe challenges with oral bioavailability and translation to effective and safe drug products. Amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs) have been utilized to enhance the oral bioavailability of poorly soluble active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). However, a limited selection of regulatory-approved polymer excipients exists for the development and further understanding of tailor-made ASDs. Thus, a significant need exists to better understand how polymers can be designed to interact with specific API moieties. Here, we demonstrate how an automated combinatorial library approach can be applied to the synthesis and screening of polymer excipients for the model drug probucol. We synthesized a library of 25 random heteropolymers containing one hydrophilic monomer (2-hydroxypropyl acrylate (HPA)) and four hydrophobic monomers at varied incorporation. The performance of ASDs made by a rapid film casting method was evaluated by dissolution using ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) sampling at various time points. This combinatorial library and rapid screening strategy enabled us to identify a relationship between polymer hydrophobicity, monomer hydrophobic side group geometry, and API dissolution performance. Remarkably, the most effective synthesized polymers displayed slower drug release kinetics compared to industry standard polymer excipients, showing the ability to modulate the drug release profile. Future coupling of high throughput polymer synthesis, high throughput screening (HTS), and quantitative modeling would enable specification of designer polymer excipients for specific API functionalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Upadhya
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Ashish Punia
- Preformulation Sciences, MRL, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ 07065, USA
| | - Mythili J. Kanagala
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Lina Liu
- Preformulation Sciences, MRL, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ 07065, USA
| | - Matthew Lamm
- Preformulation Sciences, MRL, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ 07065, USA
| | - Timothy A. Rhodes
- Preformulation Sciences, MRL, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ 07065, USA
| | - Adam J. Gormley
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
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34
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Alqahtani MS, Kazi M, Alsenaidy MA, Ahmad MZ. Advances in Oral Drug Delivery. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:618411. [PMID: 33679401 PMCID: PMC7933596 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.618411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 265] [Impact Index Per Article: 88.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The oral route is the most common route for drug administration. It is the most preferred route, due to its advantages, such as non-invasiveness, patient compliance and convenience of drug administration. Various factors govern oral drug absorption including drug solubility, mucosal permeability, and stability in the gastrointestinal tract environment. Attempts to overcome these factors have focused on understanding the physicochemical, biochemical, metabolic and biological barriers which limit the overall drug bioavailability. Different pharmaceutical technologies and drug delivery systems including nanocarriers, micelles, cyclodextrins and lipid-based carriers have been explored to enhance oral drug absorption. To this end, this review will discuss the physiological, and pharmaceutical barriers influencing drug bioavailability for the oral route of administration, as well as the conventional and novel drug delivery strategies. The challenges and development aspects of pediatric formulations will also be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed S. Alqahtani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Nanobiotechnology Unit, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohsin Kazi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad A. Alsenaidy
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Nanobiotechnology Unit, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Z. Ahmad
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Islam N, Irfan M, Khan SUD, Syed HK, Iqbal MS, Khan IU, Mahdy A, Raafat M, Hossain MA, Inam S, Munir R, Ishtiaq M. Poloxamer-188 and d-α-Tocopheryl Polyethylene Glycol Succinate (TPGS-1000) Mixed Micelles Integrated Orodispersible Sublingual Films to Improve Oral Bioavailability of Ebastine; In Vitro and In Vivo Characterization. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:54. [PMID: 33406587 PMCID: PMC7823785 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13010054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Orodispersible sublingual films (OSFs) composed of hydrophilic polymers were loaded with poloxamer-188 and d-α-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol succinate (TPGS-1000) mixed micelles to improve the oral bioavailability of a poorly soluble drug, ebastine (EBT). Mixed micelles formed by thin-film hydration method were incorporated into orodispersible sublingual film, consisting of HPMC and glycerol, using solvent casting technique. The mixed micelles and films were thoroughly evaluated for physicochemical characterization (size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, entrapment efficiency, thickness, weight, surface pH studies, disintegration time, swelling indices, mechanical properties, FTIR, PXRD, DSC, SEM, AFM, in vitro drug release, in vivo bioavailability, and toxicological studies). The results showed that the average particle size of mixed micelles was 73 nm. The mean zeta potential and PDI of the optimal mixed micelles formulation were -26 mV and 0.16, respectively. Furthermore, the maximum entrapment efficiency 82% was attained. The film's disintegration time was in the range of 28 to 102 s in aqueous media. The integrity of micelles was not affected upon incorporation in films. Importantly, the micelles-loaded films revealed rapid absorption, high permeability, and increased bioavailability of EBT as compared to the pure drug. The existence of ebastine loaded mixed micelles in the films enhanced the bioavailability about 2.18 folds as compared to pure drug. Further, the results evidently established in-vitro and in-vivo performance of bioavailability enhancement, biocompatibility, and good safety profile of micelles-loaded orodispersible EBT films. Finally, it was concluded that film loaded with poloxamer-188/TPGS-1000 mixed micelles could be an effective carrier system for enhancing the bioavailability of ebastine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nayyer Islam
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (N.I.); (H.K.S.); (I.U.K.), (S.I.), (R.M.), (M.I.)
| | - Muhammad Irfan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (N.I.); (H.K.S.); (I.U.K.), (S.I.), (R.M.), (M.I.)
| | - Salah-Ud-Din Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11432, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Haroon Khalid Syed
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (N.I.); (H.K.S.); (I.U.K.), (S.I.), (R.M.), (M.I.)
| | - Muhammad Shahid Iqbal
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj 11942, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Ikram Ullah Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (N.I.); (H.K.S.); (I.U.K.), (S.I.), (R.M.), (M.I.)
| | - Amina Mahdy
- Pharmacology Department, International School of Medicine, Medipol University, Istanbul 34810, Turkey; or
| | - Mohamed Raafat
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al Qura University, Makkah P.O. Box 715, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohammad Akbar Hossain
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al Qura University, Makkah P.O. Box 715, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Sana Inam
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (N.I.); (H.K.S.); (I.U.K.), (S.I.), (R.M.), (M.I.)
| | - Rabia Munir
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (N.I.); (H.K.S.); (I.U.K.), (S.I.), (R.M.), (M.I.)
| | - Memoona Ishtiaq
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (N.I.); (H.K.S.); (I.U.K.), (S.I.), (R.M.), (M.I.)
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Cannabis extract nanoemulsions produced by high-intensity ultrasound: Formulation development and scale-up. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2020.101953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Cottura N, Howarth A, Rajoli RKR, Siccardi M. The Current Landscape of Novel Formulations and the Role of Mathematical Modeling in Their Development. J Clin Pharmacol 2020; 60 Suppl 1:S77-S97. [PMID: 33205431 DOI: 10.1002/jcph.1715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Drug delivery is an integral part of the drug development process, influencing safety and efficacy of active pharmaceutical ingredients. The application of nanotechnology has enabled the discovery of novel formulations for numerous therapeutic purposes across multiple disease areas. However, evaluation of novel formulations in clinical scenarios is slow and hampered due to various ethical and logistical barriers. Computational models have the ability to integrate existing domain knowledge and mathematical correlations, to rationalize the feasibility of using novel formulations for safely enhancing drug delivery, identifying suitable candidates, and reducing the burden on preclinical and clinical studies. In this review, types of novel formulations and their application through several routes of administration and the use of modeling approaches that can find application in different stages of the novel formulation development process are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Cottura
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Alice Howarth
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Rajith K R Rajoli
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Marco Siccardi
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
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Manspeaker MP, Thomas SN. Lymphatic immunomodulation using engineered drug delivery systems for cancer immunotherapy. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2020; 160:19-35. [PMID: 33058931 PMCID: PMC7736326 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2020.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Though immunotherapy has revolutionized the treatment of cancer to improve disease outcomes, an array of challenges remain that limit wider clinical success, including low rate of response and immune-related adverse events. Targeting immunomodulatory drugs to therapeutically relevant tissues offers a way to overcome these challenges by potentially enabling enhanced therapeutic efficacy and decreased incidence of side effects. Research highlighting the importance of lymphatic tissues in the response to immunotherapy has increased interest in the application of engineered drug delivery systems (DDSs) to enable specific targeting of immunomodulators to lymphatic tissues and cells that they house. To this end, a variety of DDS platforms have been developed that enable more efficient uptake into lymphatic vessels and lymph nodes to provide targeted modulation of the immune response to cancer. This can occur either by delivery of immunotherapeutics to lymphatics tissues or by direct modulation of the lymphatic vasculature itself due to their direct involvement in tumor immune processes. This review will highlight DDS platforms that, by enabling the activities of cancer vaccines, chemotherapeutics, immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) antibodies, and anti- or pro-lymphangiogenic factors to lymphatic tissues through directed delivery and controlled release, augment cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret P Manspeaker
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, United States of America; Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, United States of America
| | - Susan N Thomas
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, United States of America; George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, United States of America; Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States of America; Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States of America.
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Yazdi JR, Tafaghodi M, Sadri K, Mashreghi M, Nikpoor AR, Nikoofal-Sahlabadi S, Chamani J, Vakili R, Moosavian SA, Jaafari MR. Folate targeted PEGylated liposomes for the oral delivery of insulin: In vitro and in vivo studies. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2020; 194:111203. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2020.111203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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Taipaleenmäki E, Christensen G, Brodszkij E, Mouritzen SA, Gal N, Madsen S, Hedemann MS, Knudsen TA, Jensen HM, Christiansen SL, Sparsø FV, Städler B. Mucopenetrating polymer – Lipid hybrid nanovesicles as subunits in alginate beads as an oral formulation. J Control Release 2020; 322:470-485. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.03.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 03/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Ibrahim YHEY, Regdon G, Hamedelniel EI, Sovány T. Review of recently used techniques and materials to improve the efficiency of orally administered proteins/peptides. Daru 2020; 28:403-416. [PMID: 31811628 PMCID: PMC7214593 DOI: 10.1007/s40199-019-00316-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The main objective of present review is to explore and evaluate the effectiveness of recently developed methods to improve the bioavailability of orally administered biopharmaceutical drugs. METHODS A systematic search of sciencedirect, tandfonline and Google Scholar databases based on various sets of keywords was performed. All results were evaluated based on their abstracts, and irrelevant studies were neglected during further evaluation. RESULTS At present, biopharmaceuticals are used as injectable therapies as they are not absorbed adequately from the different routes of drug administration, particularly the oral one. Their insufficient absorption is attributed to their high molecular weight, degradation by proteolytic enzymes, high hydrophilicity and rigidity of the absorptive tissues. From industrial aspect incorporation of enzyme inhibitors (EIs) and permeation enhancers (PEs) and mucoadhesive polymers into conventional dosage forms may be the easiest way of formulation of orally administered macromolecular drugs, but the effectiveness of protection and absorption enhancement here is the most questionable. Conjugation may be problematic from regulatory aspect. Encapsulation into lipid-based vesicles sufficiently protects the incorporated macromolecule and improves intestinal uptake but have considerable stability issues. In contrast, polymeric nanocarriers may provide good stability but provides lower internalization efficacy in comparison with the lipid-based carriers. CONCLUSION It can be concluded that the combination of the advantages of mucoadhesive polymeric and lid-based carriers in hybrid lipid/polymer nanoparticles may result in improved absorption and might represent a potential means for the oral administration of therapeutic proteins in the near future. Graphical abstract Delivery systems for oral protein daministration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yousif H-E Y Ibrahim
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Regulatory Affairs, University of Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, Szeged, H-6720, Hungary
- Pharmaceutics Department, Omdurman Islamic University, Omdurman, Sudan
| | - Géza Regdon
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Regulatory Affairs, University of Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, Szeged, H-6720, Hungary
| | | | - Tamás Sovány
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Regulatory Affairs, University of Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, Szeged, H-6720, Hungary.
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Ho YC, Srinivasan RS. Lymphatic Vasculature in Energy Homeostasis and Obesity. Front Physiol 2020; 11:3. [PMID: 32038308 PMCID: PMC6987243 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a leading cause of cardiovascular diseases and cancer. Body mass is regulated by the balance between energy uptake and energy expenditure. The etiology of obesity is determined by multiple factors including genetics, nutrient absorption, and inflammation. Lymphatic vasculature is starting to be appreciated as a critical modulator of metabolism and obesity. The primary function of lymphatic vasculature is to maintain interstitial fluid homeostasis. Lymphatic vessels absorb fluids that extravasate from blood vessels and return them to blood circulation. In addition, lymphatic vessels absorb digested lipids from the intestine and regulate inflammation. Hence, lymphatic vessels could be an exciting target for treating obesity. In this article, we will review our current understanding regarding the relationship between lymphatic vasculature and obesity, and highlight some open questions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Chun Ho
- Cardiovascular Biology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - R. Sathish Srinivasan
- Cardiovascular Biology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
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Zhao J, Yang J, Xie Y. Improvement strategies for the oral bioavailability of poorly water-soluble flavonoids: An overview. Int J Pharm 2019; 570:118642. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.118642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2019] [Revised: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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Advanced Lipid Technologies® (ALT®): A Proven Formulation Platform to Enhance the Bioavailability of Lipophilic Compounds. JOURNAL OF DRUG DELIVERY 2019; 2019:1957360. [PMID: 31360551 PMCID: PMC6644232 DOI: 10.1155/2019/1957360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Revised: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Despite recent advances, the drug development process continues to face significant challenges to efficiently improve the poor solubility of active pharmaceutical ingredients (API) in aqueous media or to improve the bioavailability of lipid-based formulations. The inherent high intra- and interindividual variability of absorption of oral lipophilic drug leads to inconsistent and unpredictable bioavailability and magnitude of the therapeutic effect. For this reason, the development of lipid-based drugs remains a challenging endeavour with a high risk of failure. Therefore, effective strategies to assure a predictable, consistent, and reproducible bioavailability and therapeutic effect for lipid-based medications are needed. Different solutions to address this problem have been broadly studied, including the approaches of particle size reduction, prodrugs, salt forms, cocrystals, solid amorphous forms, cyclodextrin clathrates, and lipid-based drug delivery systems such as self-emulsifying systems and liposomes. Here, we provide a brief description of the current strategies commonly employed to increase the bioavailability of lipophilic drugs and present Advanced Lipid Technologies® (ALT®), a combination of different surfactants that has been demonstrated to improve the absorption of omega-3 fatty acids under various physiological and pathological states.
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Wang T, Luo Y. Biological fate of ingested lipid-based nanoparticles: current understanding and future directions. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:11048-11063. [PMID: 31149694 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr03025e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In recent decades, lipid-based nanoparticles (LN) have received considerable attention as nanoscale delivery systems to improve oral bioavailability of poorly absorbed bioactive compounds for health promotion and disease prevention. However, scientific studies on the biological fate of orally administered LN are very limited and the molecular mechanisms by which they are absorbed through the intestinal lumen into the circulation remain unclear. This paper aims to provide an overview of the biological fate of orally administered LN by reviewing recent studies on both cell and animal models. In general, the biological fate of ingested LN in the gastrointestinal tract is primarily determined by their initial physicochemical characteristics (such as the particle size, surface properties, composition and structure), and their absorption mainly occurs within the small intestine. In particular, depending upon the composition, LN can be either digestible or indigestible, with two distinct biological fates for each type of LN. The detailed absorption mechanisms and uptake pathways at molecular, cellular and whole body levels for each type of LN are discussed in detail. Limitations of current research and our vision for future directions to study the biological fate of ingested LN are also provided in this critical review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taoran Wang
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA.
| | - Yangchao Luo
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA.
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Otero J, García-Rodríguez A, Cano-Sarabia M, Maspoch D, Marcos R, Cortés P, Llagostera M. Biodistribution of Liposome-Encapsulated Bacteriophages and Their Transcytosis During Oral Phage Therapy. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:689. [PMID: 31019499 PMCID: PMC6458305 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.00689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
This study sheds light on the biodistribution of orally administered, liposome-encapsulated bacteriophages, and their transcytosis through intestinal cell layers. Fluorochrome-labeled bacteriophages were used together with a non-invasive imaging methodology in the in vivo visualization of bacteriophages in the stomach and intestinal tract of mice. In those studies, phage encapsulation resulted in a significant increase of the labeled phages in the mouse stomach, even 6 h after their oral administration, and without a decrease in their concentration. By contrast, the visualization of encapsulated and non-encapsulated phages in the intestine were similar. Our in vivo observations were corroborated by culture methods and ex vivo experiments, which also showed that the percentage of encapsulated phages in the stomach remained constant (50%) compared to the amount of initially administered product. However, the use of conventional microbiological methods, which employ bile salts to break down liposomes, prevented the detection of encapsulated phages in the intestine. The ex vivo data showed a higher concentration of non-encapsulated than encapsulated phages in liver, kidney, and even muscle up to 6 h post-administration. Encapsulated bacteriophages were able to reach the liver, spleen, and muscle, with values of 38% ± 6.3%, 68% ± 8.6%, and 47% ± 7.4%, respectively, which persisted over the course of the experiment. Confocal laser scanning microscopy of an in vitro co-culture of human Caco-2/HT29/Raji-B cells revealed that Vybrant-Dil-stained liposomes containing labeled bacteriophages were preferably embedded in cell membranes. No transcytosis of encapsulated phages was detected in this in vitro model, whereas SYBR-gold-labeled non-encapsulated bacteriophages were able to cross the membrane. Our work demonstrates the prolonged persistence of liposome-encapsulated phages in the stomach and their adherence to the intestinal membrane. These observations could explain the greater long-term efficacy of phage therapy using liposome-encapsulated phages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Otero
- Departament de Genèticai de Microbiologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alba García-Rodríguez
- Departament de Genèticai de Microbiologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mary Cano-Sarabia
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Daniel Maspoch
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.,Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ricard Marcos
- Departament de Genèticai de Microbiologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar Cortés
- Departament de Genèticai de Microbiologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Montserrat Llagostera
- Departament de Genèticai de Microbiologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Patel V, Lalani R, Bardoliwala D, Ghosh S, Misra A. Lipid-Based Oral Formulation Strategies for Lipophilic Drugs. AAPS PharmSciTech 2018; 19:3609-3630. [PMID: 30255474 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-018-1188-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Partition coefficient (log P) is a key physicochemical characteristic of lipophilic drugs which plays a significant role in formulation development for oral administration. Lipid-based formulation strategies can increase lymphatic transport of these drugs and can enhance bioavailability many folds. The number of lipophilic drugs in pharmacopoeias and under discovery are continuously increasing and making the job of the formulation scientist difficult to develop suitable formulation of these drugs due to potent nature and water insolubility of these drugs. Recently, many natural and synthetic lipids are appearing in the market which are helpful in the development of lipid-based formulations of these types of drugs having enhanced solubility and bioavailability. One such reason for this enhanced bioavailability is the accessibility of the lymphatic transport as well as avoidance of first-pass effect. This review discusses the impact of lipophilicity in enhancing the intestinal lymphatic drug transport thereby reducing first-pass metabolism. The most appropriate strategy for developing a lipid-based formulation depending upon the degree of lipophilicity has been critically discussed and provides information on how to develop optimum formulation. Various formulation strategies are discussed in-depth by classifying lipid-based oral drug delivery systems with case studies of few marketed formulations with challenges and opportunities for the future of the formulations.
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Wang L, Yamashita Y, Komeda S, Saito A, Ashida H. Absorption, metabolism, distribution and faecal excretion of B-type procyanidin oligomers in mice after a single oral administration of black soybean seed coat extract. Food Funct 2018; 9:5362-5370. [PMID: 30264089 DOI: 10.1039/c8fo00852c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the absorption, metabolism, distribution and faecal excretion of 3 B-type procyanidin oligomers, including procyanidin B2, procyanidin C1 and cinnamtannin A2, and their monomeric unit (-)-epicatechin after a single oral administration of black soybean seed coat extract (BE) to male ICR mice at 250 mg per kg body weight. Plasma, tissues and faeces samples were collected within 24 h for the determination of (-)-epicatechin, procyandidin B2, procyanidin C1 and cinnamtannin A2 with or without β-glucuronidase and sulfatase treatment by the high-performance liquid chromatography method. A portion of the B-type procyanidin oligomers and (-)-epicatechin in BE was absorbed from the small intestine after the oral administration of BE. In the plasma, absorbed procyanidins and (-)-epicatechin existed mainly as conjugates. In the tissues, procyanidin B2, procyandin C1 and cinnamtannin A2, in addition to (-)-epicatechin distributed widely, primarily in their free forms. Their conjugation occurred mainly in the small intestine, rather than in the liver. Monomeric unit (-)-epicatechin had the highest bioavailability, followed by procyanidin B2, procyanidin C1 and cinnamtannin A2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuqing Wang
- Department of Agrobioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Kobe 657-8501, Japan.
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Managuli RS, Raut SY, Reddy MS, Mutalik S. Targeting the intestinal lymphatic system: a versatile path for enhanced oral bioavailability of drugs. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2018; 15:787-804. [PMID: 30025212 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2018.1503249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The major challenge of first pass metabolism in oral drug delivery can be surmounted by directing delivery toward intestinal lymphatic system (ILS). ILS circumvents the liver and transports drug directly into systemic circulation via thoracic duct. Lipid and polymeric nanoparticles are transported into ILS through lacteal and Peyer's patches. Moreover, surface modification of nanoparticles with ligand which is specific for Peyer's patches enhances the uptake of drugs into ILS. Bioavailability enhancement by lymphatic uptake is an advantageous approach adopted by scientists today. Therefore, it is important to understand clear insight of ILS in targeted drug delivery and challenges involved in it. AREAS COVERED Current review includes an overview of ILS, factors governing lymphatic transport of nanoparticles and absorption mechanism of lipid and polymeric nanoparticles into ILS. Various ligands used to target Peyer's patch and their conjugation strategies to nanoparticles are explained in detail. In vitro and in vivo models used to assess intestinal lymphatic transport of molecules are discussed further. EXPERT OPINION Although ILS offers a versatile pathway for nanotechnology based targeted drug delivery, extensive investigations on validation of the lymphatic transport models and on the strategies for gastric protection of targeted nanocarriers have to be perceived in for excellent performance of ILS in oral drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renuka Suresh Managuli
- a Department of Pharmaceutics , Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education , Manipal Karnataka State , India
| | - Sushil Yadaorao Raut
- a Department of Pharmaceutics , Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education , Manipal Karnataka State , India
| | - Meka Sreenivasa Reddy
- a Department of Pharmaceutics , Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education , Manipal Karnataka State , India
| | - Srinivas Mutalik
- a Department of Pharmaceutics , Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education , Manipal Karnataka State , India
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Nanographene oxide as a switch for CW/pulsed NIR laser triggered drug release from liposomes. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2018; 82:19-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2017.08.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Revised: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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