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Panigrahi AK, Pal PK, Sarkar Paria D. Melatonin as an Ameliorative Agent Against Cadmium- and Lead-Induced Toxicity in Fish: an Overview. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2024:10.1007/s12010-023-04723-3. [PMID: 38224395 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-023-04723-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Diverse anthropogenic activities and lack of knowledge on its consequences have promoted serious heavy metal contaminations in different aquatic systems throughout the globe. The non-biodegradable nature of most of these toxic heavy metals has increased the concern on their possible bioaccumulation in aquatic organisms as well as in other vertebrates. Among these aquatic species, fish are most sensitive to such contaminated water that not only decreases their chance of survivability in the nature but also increases the probability of biomagnifications of these heavy metals in higher order food chain. After entering the fish body, heavy metals induce detrimental changes in different vital organs by impairing multiple physiological and biochemical pathways that are essential for the species. Such alterations may include tissue damage, induction of oxidative stress, immune-suppression, endocrine disorders, uncontrolled cell proliferation, DNA damage, and even apoptosis. Although uncountable reports have explored the toxic effects of different heavy metals in diverse fish species, but surprisingly, only a few attempts have been made to ameliorate such toxic effects. Since, oxidative stress seems to be the underlying common factor in such heavy metal-induced toxicity, therefore, a potent and endogenous antioxidant with no side effect may be an appropriate therapeutic solution. Apart from summarizing the toxic effects of two important toxicants, i.e., cadmium and lead in fish, the novelty of the present treatise lies in its arguments in favor of using melatonin, an endogenous free radical scavenger and indirect antioxidant, in ameliorating the toxic effects of heavy metals in any fish species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashis Kumar Panigrahi
- The University of Burdwan, Burdwan, West Bengal, 713104, India
- Eco-toxicology, Fisheries & Aquaculture Extension Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, West Beng, al-741235, India
| | - Palash Kumar Pal
- Oxidative Stress and Free Radical Biology Laboratory, Department of Physiology, University of Calcutta, 92, A.P.C. Road, Kolkata, 700009, India
| | - Dipanwita Sarkar Paria
- Department of Zoology, Chandernagore College, The University of Burdwan, Chandernagore, West Beng, al-712136, India.
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Zhu J, Dai Y, Tang B, Zhang H. The association between serum heat shock protein 72 and intestinal permeability with intestinal microbiota and clinical severity in patients with cerebral infarction. Front Med (Lausanne) 2024; 10:1302460. [PMID: 38264043 PMCID: PMC10803404 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1302460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives We aimed to compare serum heat shock protein 72 (HSP72) and intestinal permeability in patients with cerebral infarction (CI) and healthy individuals to reveal their correlations and link to gut microbiota alterations and clinical severity of CI. Methods and results Stool samples of 50 patients with CI and 46 healthy volunteers were analyzed through 16S rRNA gene sequencing to characterize intestinal flora profiles. Serum HSP72 and zonulin were assayed using enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA). The obtained data were then subjected to comparative and correlative analysis. We found that the levels of zonulin and serum HSP72 were significantly higher in the CI group compared to the healthy group. Serum HSP72 and zonulin levels were positively correlated in the CI group and correlated positively with the clinical severity of CI. β diversity showed significant differences in intestinal microbiota composition between the two groups. In the CI patient group, the abundance of bacteria Eubacterium_fissicatena_group, Eubacterium_eligens_group, and Romboutsia manifested a remarkably positive correlation with serum HSP72. The abundance of bacteria Eubacterium_fissicatena_group and Acetivibrio had a significantly positive correlation with zonulin levels. Conclusion Our findings indicated that an increase in serum HSP72 and zonulin levels was manifested in patients with CI and was related to specific gut microbiota alterations and the clinical severity of CI.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Bo Tang
- Department of Neurology, Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Hangzhou, China
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Shafeek F, El-Kashef DH, Abu-Elsaad N, Ibrahim T. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate in combination with corticosteroids mitigates heat stress-induced acute kidney injury through modulating heat shock protein 70 and toll-like receptor 4-dependent pathways. Phytother Res 2023; 37:3559-3571. [PMID: 37092712 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
Recently, recurrent heat stress (HS) and dehydration have been exhibited to give rise to kidney disease epidemic in hot regions. The current study was carried out to estimate a possible renoprotective effect of dexamethasone (Dexa) and epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) as a heat shock protein (HSP)-70 inhibitor on HS-induced nephropathy. In total, five groups of rats were used: control group, HS group (exposed to heat for 40 min), Dexa+HS group (rats were injected with Dexa i.p.15 mg/kg/day for 3 days followed by HS), EGCG+HS group (rats received EGCG 100 mg/kg/day, orally, for 7 days followed by HS), and EGCG+ Dexa +HS group (rats received EGCG 100 mg/kg/day, orally, for 7 days and injected Dexa as described along the last 3 days followed by HS). Kidney sections were stained with H&E and scored for tubular injury. A marked increase in creatinine, urea, malondialdehyde (MDA), monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1, HSP-70, nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), toll-like receptor 4 (TLR-4) and Caspase-3 expression was observed after HS induction (p < 0.001). Treatment with EGCG combined with Dexa notably reduced tubular injury, MCP-1, HSP-70, NF-κB, and TLR-4 levels (p < 0.001). Moreover, it increased IL-10, antioxidant capacity and Bcl-2 expression levels in the kidney (p < 0.001). This renoprotective impact might be attributed to anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-apoptotic mechanisms besides interfering with TLR-4-mediated NF-κB activation pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faten Shafeek
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Dalia H El-Kashef
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Nashwa Abu-Elsaad
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Tarek Ibrahim
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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DiGiacomo K, Simpson S, Leury BJ, Dunshea FR. Dietary Betaine Impacts Metabolic Responses to Moderate Heat Exposure in Sheep. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:1691. [PMID: 37238121 PMCID: PMC10215872 DOI: 10.3390/ani13101691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Dietary betaine supplementation can ameliorate physiological responses to heat exposure (HE) in sheep. This experiment measured metabolic responses to glucose (intravenous glucose tolerance, IVGTT), insulin (insulin tolerance test, ITT), and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) challenges in Merino ewes (n = 36, 39.7 kg) maintained at thermoneutral (TN, 21 °C) or HE (18-43 °C) and supplemented with either 0, 2, or 4 g/day dietary betaine (n = 6 per group). Sheep had ad libitum access to water and were pair-fed such that the intake of the TN sheep mimicked that of the HE sheep. After 21 days of treatment, sheep were fitted with jugular catheters and subjected to consecutive daily challenges (IVGTT, ITT, and ACTH, d 21-23, respectively), followed by skeletal muscle and subcutaneous adipose tissue biopsy collections for gene expression analysis (d 24). The HE-treated sheep had a greater insulin:glucose ratio (p = 0.033), a greater estimated homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMAIR; p = 0.029), and a reduced revised quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (RQUICKI; p = 0.015). Sheep fed betaine (2 + 4 g/day) had a greater basal plasma insulin (p = 0.017) and a reduced basal non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA; p = 0.036) concentration, while the RQUICKI was reduced (p = 0.001) in sheep fed betaine. The results suggested that betaine supplementation alters lipid metabolism by potentially improving insulin signaling, although these responses differ between TN and HE conditions. There was no other impact of temperature or dietary treatments on the tissue gene expressions measured. Our results support the notion that betaine, in part, acts to modify lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristy DiGiacomo
- School of Agriculture, Food and Ecosystem Science, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia (B.J.L.); (F.R.D.)
| | - Sarah Simpson
- School of Agriculture, Food and Ecosystem Science, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia (B.J.L.); (F.R.D.)
| | - Brian J. Leury
- School of Agriculture, Food and Ecosystem Science, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia (B.J.L.); (F.R.D.)
| | - Frank R. Dunshea
- School of Agriculture, Food and Ecosystem Science, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia (B.J.L.); (F.R.D.)
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, The University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
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Hopkins S, Kelley T, Roller R, Thompson RS, Colagiovanni DB, Chupka K, Fleshner M. Oral CBD-rich hemp extract modulates sterile inflammation in female and male rats. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1112906. [PMID: 37275221 PMCID: PMC10234154 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1112906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Cannabidiol (CBD) extract from the cannabis plant has biomedical and nutraceutical potential. Unlike tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), CBD products produce few psychoactive effects and pose little risk for abuse. There is emerging preclinical and clinical evidence that CBD is stress modulatory and may have anti-inflammatory properties. People across the United States legally ingest CBD-rich hemp extracts to manage mental and physical health problems, including stress and inflammation. Preclinical studies have revealed potential mechanisms for these effects; however, the impact of this prior work is diminished because many studies: 1) tested synthetic CBD rather than CBD-rich hemp extracts containing terpenes and/or other cannabinoids thought to enhance therapeutic benefits; 2) administered CBD via injection into the peritoneal cavity or the brain instead of oral ingestion; and 3) failed to examine potential sex differences. To address these gaps in the literature, the following study tested the hypothesis that the voluntary oral ingestion of CBD-rich hemp extract will attenuate the impact of stressor exposure on plasma and tissue inflammatory and stress proteins in females and males. Methods: Adult male and female Sprague Dawley rats (10-15/group) were randomly assigned to be given cereal coated with either vehicle (coconut oil) or CBD-rich hemp extract (L-M0717, CBDrx/Functional Remedies, 20.0 mg/kg). After 7 days, rats were exposed to a well-established acute model of stress (100, 1.5 mA, 5-s, intermittent tail shocks, 90 min total duration) or remained in home cages as non-stressed controls. Results: Stressor exposure induced a robust stress response, i.e., increased plasma corticosterone and blood glucose, and decreased spleen weight (a surrogate measure of sympathetic nervous system activation). Overall, stress-induced increases in inflammatory and stress proteins were lower in females than males, and oral CBD-rich hemp extract constrained these responses in adipose tissue (AT) and mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN). Consistent with previous reports, females had higher levels of stress-evoked corticosterone compared to males, which may have contributed to the constrained inflammatory response measured in females. Discussion: Results from this study suggest that features of the acute stress response are impacted by oral ingestion of CBD-rich hemp extract in female and male rats, and the pattern of changes may be sex and tissue dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shelby Hopkins
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO, United States
- Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO, United States
| | - Tel Kelley
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO, United States
| | - Rachel Roller
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO, United States
| | - Robert S. Thompson
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO, United States
- Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO, United States
| | | | - Kris Chupka
- Next Frontier Biosciences, Westminster, CO, United States
| | - Monika Fleshner
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO, United States
- Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO, United States
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Lemal P, May K, König S, Schroyen M, Gengler N. Invited review: From heat stress to disease-Immune response and candidate genes involved in cattle thermotolerance. J Dairy Sci 2023:S0022-0302(23)00214-X. [PMID: 37164864 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2022-22727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Heat stress implies unfavorable effects on primary and functional traits in dairy cattle and, in consequence, on the profitability of the whole production system. The increasing number of days with extreme hot temperatures suggests that it is imperative to detect the heat stress status of animals based on adequate measures. However, confirming the heat stress status of an individual is still challenging, and, in consequence, the identification of novel heat stress biomarkers, including molecular biomarkers, remains a very relevant issue. Currently, it is known that heat stress seems to have unfavorable effects on immune system mechanisms, but this information is of limited use in the context of heat stress phenotyping. In addition, there is a lack of knowledge addressing the molecular mechanisms linking the relevant genes to the observed phenotype. In this review, we explored the potential molecular mechanisms explaining how heat stress affects the immune system and, therefore, increases the occurrence of immune-related diseases in cattle. In this regard, 2 relatively opposite hypotheses are under focus: the immunosuppressive action of cortisol, and the proinflammatory effect of heat stress. In both hypotheses, the modulation of the immune response during heat stress is highlighted. Moreover, it is possible to link candidate genes to these potential mechanisms. In this context, immune markers are very valuable indicators for the detection of heat stress in dairy cattle, broadening the portfolio of potential biomarkers for heat stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Lemal
- TERRA Teaching and Research Center, University of Liège, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech (ULiège-GxABT), 5030 Gembloux, Belgium
| | - K May
- Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Justus-Liebig-University of Gießen, Ludwigstraße 21B, 35390 Gießen, Germany
| | - S König
- Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Justus-Liebig-University of Gießen, Ludwigstraße 21B, 35390 Gießen, Germany
| | - M Schroyen
- TERRA Teaching and Research Center, University of Liège, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech (ULiège-GxABT), 5030 Gembloux, Belgium
| | - N Gengler
- TERRA Teaching and Research Center, University of Liège, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech (ULiège-GxABT), 5030 Gembloux, Belgium.
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Dealing with the Persistent Pathogenic Issues of Dry Eye Disease: The Importance of External and Internal Stimuli and Tissue Responses. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12062205. [PMID: 36983208 PMCID: PMC10055091 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12062205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The immune system plays a central role in protecting the ocular surface from exogenous and endogenous insults, maintaining tissue homeostasis thanks to the mechanism of para-inflammation. This physiological adaptive response may induce resident macrophages/monocytes to produce cytokines and growth factors in order to promote epithelial cell recovery. In case of well-controlled para-inflammation, caused by a low amount of stress, cell viability and function are maintained. When stress becomes too intense, there is a response characterized by the activation of autophagic pathways and consequent cell death. Dysregulated homeostasis and chronic sub-clinical inflammation are the starting points for the development of a stable, chronic inflammatory disease, which leads to ocular surface damage, and, in turn, to the onset or progression of chronic dry eye disease (DED). The long-term management of DED should consider all of the pathogenic issues involved in the disease, including the control of persistent external or internal stresses that are capable of activating and maintaining the para-inflammatory adaptive mechanisms, potentially leading to full-blown inflammation. Dysregulated para-inflammation can be corrected by means of the prolonged use of tear substitutes containing minimal doses of safe corticosteroids or other anti-inflammatory molecules (e.g., corticosteroid, cyclosporine) in order to re-equilibrate ocular surface homeostasis.
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Borges Russo MK, Kowalewski LS, da Natividade GR, de Lemos Muller CH, Schroeder HT, Bock PM, Ayres LR, Cardoso BU, Zanotto C, Schein JT, Rech TH, Crispim D, Canani LH, Friedman R, Leitão CB, Gerchman F, Krause M. Elevated Extracellular HSP72 and Blunted Heat Shock Response in Severe COVID-19 Patients. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12101374. [PMID: 36291584 PMCID: PMC9599720 DOI: 10.3390/biom12101374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims: We hypothesized that critically ill patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection and insulin resistance would present a reduced Heat Shock Response (HSR), which is a pathway involved in proteostasis and anti-inflammation, subsequently leading to worse outcomes and higher inflammation. In this work we aimed: (i) to measure the concentration of extracellular HSP72 (eHSP72) in patients with severe COVID-19 and in comparison with noninfected patients; (ii) to compare the HSR between critically ill patients with COVID-19 (with and without diabetes); and (iii) to compare the HSR in these patients with noninfected individuals. Methods: Sixty critically ill adults with acute respiratory failure with SARS-CoV-2, with or without diabetes, were selected. Noninfected subjects were included for comparison (healthy, n = 19 and patients with diabetes, n = 22). Blood samples were collected to measure metabolism (glucose and HbA1c); oxidative stress (lypoperoxidation and carbonyls); cytokine profile (IL-10 and TNF); eHSP72; and the HSR (in vitro). Results: Patients with severe COVID-19 presented higher plasma eHSP72 compared with healthy individuals and noninfected patients with diabetes. Despite the high level of plasma cytokines, no differences were found between critically ill patients with COVID-19 with or without diabetes. Critically ill patients, when compared to noninfected, presented a blunted HSR. Oxidative stress markers followed the same pattern. No differences in the HSR (extracellular/intracellular level) were found between critically ill patients, with or without diabetes. Conclusions: We demonstrated that patients with severe COVID-19 have elevated plasma eHSP72 and that their HSR is blunted, regardless of the presence of diabetes. These results might explain the uncontrolled inflammation and also provide insights on the increased risk in developing type 2 diabetes after SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Kras Borges Russo
- Laboratory of Inflammation, Metabolism and Exercise Research (LAPIMEX) and Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 91509-900, RS, Brazil
| | - Lucas Stahlhöfer Kowalewski
- Laboratory of Inflammation, Metabolism and Exercise Research (LAPIMEX) and Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 91509-900, RS, Brazil
| | - Gabriella Richter da Natividade
- Endocrine and Metabolic Unit, Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre, Post-Graduate Program in Medical Sciences: Endocrinology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 91509-900, RS, Brazil
- Post-Graduate Program in Medical Sciences: Endocrinology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 91509-900, RS, Brazil
| | - Carlos Henrique de Lemos Muller
- Laboratory of Inflammation, Metabolism and Exercise Research (LAPIMEX) and Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 91509-900, RS, Brazil
| | - Helena Trevisan Schroeder
- Laboratory of Inflammation, Metabolism and Exercise Research (LAPIMEX) and Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 91509-900, RS, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Martins Bock
- Faculdades Integradas de Taquara, Taquara 95612-150, RS, Brazil
- Department of Pharmacology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 91509-900, RS, Brazil
| | - Layane Ramos Ayres
- Laboratory of Inflammation, Metabolism and Exercise Research (LAPIMEX) and Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 91509-900, RS, Brazil
| | - Bernardo Urbano Cardoso
- Laboratory of Inflammation, Metabolism and Exercise Research (LAPIMEX) and Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 91509-900, RS, Brazil
| | - Caroline Zanotto
- Endocrine and Metabolic Unit, Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre, Post-Graduate Program in Medical Sciences: Endocrinology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 91509-900, RS, Brazil
- Post-Graduate Program in Medical Sciences: Endocrinology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 91509-900, RS, Brazil
| | - Julia Tsao Schein
- Endocrine and Metabolic Unit, Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre, Post-Graduate Program in Medical Sciences: Endocrinology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 91509-900, RS, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Helena Rech
- Intensive Care Unit, Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre 90035-903, RS, Brazil
| | - Daisy Crispim
- Endocrine and Metabolic Unit, Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre, Post-Graduate Program in Medical Sciences: Endocrinology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 91509-900, RS, Brazil
- Post-Graduate Program in Medical Sciences: Endocrinology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 91509-900, RS, Brazil
| | - Luis Henrique Canani
- Endocrine and Metabolic Unit, Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre, Post-Graduate Program in Medical Sciences: Endocrinology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 91509-900, RS, Brazil
- Post-Graduate Program in Medical Sciences: Endocrinology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 91509-900, RS, Brazil
| | - Rogério Friedman
- Endocrine and Metabolic Unit, Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre, Post-Graduate Program in Medical Sciences: Endocrinology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 91509-900, RS, Brazil
- Post-Graduate Program in Medical Sciences: Endocrinology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 91509-900, RS, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Bauermann Leitão
- Endocrine and Metabolic Unit, Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre, Post-Graduate Program in Medical Sciences: Endocrinology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 91509-900, RS, Brazil
- Post-Graduate Program in Medical Sciences: Endocrinology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 91509-900, RS, Brazil
| | - Fernando Gerchman
- Endocrine and Metabolic Unit, Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre, Post-Graduate Program in Medical Sciences: Endocrinology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 91509-900, RS, Brazil
- Post-Graduate Program in Medical Sciences: Endocrinology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 91509-900, RS, Brazil
| | - Mauricio Krause
- Laboratory of Inflammation, Metabolism and Exercise Research (LAPIMEX) and Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 91509-900, RS, Brazil
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-(51)-33082065
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Horseman M, Panahi L, Udeani G, Tenpas AS, Verduzco Jr. R, Patel PH, Bazan DZ, Mora A, Samuel N, Mingle AC, Leon LR, Varon J, Surani S. Drug-Induced Hyperthermia Review. Cureus 2022; 14:e27278. [PMID: 36039261 PMCID: PMC9403255 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.27278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Humans maintain core body temperature via a complicated system of physiologic mechanisms that counteract heat/cold fluctuations from metabolism, exertion, and the environment. Overextension of these mechanisms or disruption of body temperature homeostasis leads to bodily dysfunction, culminating in a syndrome analogous to exertional heat stroke (EHS). The inability of this thermoregulatory process to maintain the body temperature is caused by either thermal stress or certain drugs. EHS is a syndrome characterized by hyperthermia and the activation of systemic inflammation. Several drug-induced hyperthermic syndromes may resemble EHS and share common mechanisms. The purpose of this article is to review the current literature and compare exertional heat stroke (EHS) to three of the most widely studied drug-induced hyperthermic syndromes: malignant hyperthermia (MH), neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS), and serotonin syndrome (SS). Drugs and drug classes that have been implicated in these conditions include amphetamines, diuretics, cocaine, antipsychotics, metoclopramide, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs), and many more. Observations suggest that severe or fulminant cases of drug-induced hyperthermia may evolve into an inflammatory syndrome best described as heat stroke. Their underlying mechanisms, symptoms, and treatment approaches will be reviewed to assist in accurate diagnosis, which will impact the management of potentially life-threatening complications.
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Wang S, Xie S, Wang Z, Zhang C, Pan Z, Sun D, Xu G, Zou J. Single and Combined Effects of Microplastics and Cadmium on the Cadmium Accumulation and Biochemical and Immunity of Channa argus. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022; 200:3377-3387. [PMID: 34564831 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-021-02917-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics can accumulate residual drugs and heavy metals in the environment and accumulate through the layers of the food chain, ultimately causing harm to human health. The pollution of microplastics in the freshwater environment is becoming more and more serious, which directly affects the safety of aquatic organisms. This experiment studied the effects of single and composite microplastics and Cd on the tissue damage, antioxidant, and immune response of juvenile Channa argus. Microplastics with different diameters of 80 nm, 0.5 μm (200 μg/L), and Cd (50 μg/L) were used for exposure, and four sampling points were set for 24 h, 48 h, 96 h, and clear 48 h. Under different treatments, a certain degree of gill tissue damage can be found in 96 h. Microplastics and Cd can cause oxidative stress and affect the antioxidant status, and the impact of 0.5-μm microplastics is stronger than that of 80-nm microplastics. There is an antagonistic effect between the two microplastics and Cd during compound exposure, but the activity of CAT shows a synergistic effect. Microplastics and Cd affect the expression of immune-related genes to varying degrees. When exposed together, the expression of HSP70 gene all showed mutual antagonism, while the expression of IL-1β gene was different. The expression of the MT gene can infer the ability of microplastics to accumulate Cd, and microplastics with a small diameter of 80 nm have stronger enrichment capabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaodan Wang
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region On Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Shaolin Xie
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region On Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Zhenlu Wang
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region On Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Chaonan Zhang
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region On Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Zhengkun Pan
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region On Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Di Sun
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region On Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Guohuan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510070, China.
| | - Jixing Zou
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region On Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
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11
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Wang S, Xie S, Zhang C, Pan Z, Sun D, Zhou A, Xu G, Zou J. Interactions effects of nano-microplastics and heavy metals in hybrid snakehead (Channa maculata ♀ × Channa argus ♂). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 124:74-81. [PMID: 35378307 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.03.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The interaction between microplastics and contaminants has potentially generated new undefined risks on animals and ecosystems, and nano-microplastics are considered to be more harmful than microplastics. This experiment investigated the interactions and effects of nano-microplastics with heavy metals cadmium in hybrid snakehead. Different concentrations of nano-microplastics 80 nm (50 μg/L and 500 μg/L) and Cd (50 μg/L) were used for exposure, and four sampling points were set for 24 h, 48 h, 96 h and clear-48 h. Results indicated that the morphology of gill was altered under the influence of nano-microplastics and cadmium, and the damage was aggravated with time. Nano-microplastics and Cd can cause oxidative damage to fish liver partly by effect the activities of antioxidant enzyme, and significantly suppressed the expressions of genes related to the inflammation (IL-1β and TNF-α) and as well as significantly up-regulated the expression of genes HSP70 and SOD. Additionally, the mRNA levels of MT gene can be speculated that the heavy metal cadmium may accumulated in the body over time. And the concentration of heavy metals will also affect their accumulation in the body. Our study elucidated the nano-microplastics and Cd will increase the impact on environmental and organisms that the nano-microplastics contribute to the bioaccumulation of metals, which served as a new support for study the interaction between environmental contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaodan Wang
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
| | - Shaolin Xie
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
| | - Chaonan Zhang
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
| | - Zhengkun Pan
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
| | - Di Sun
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
| | - Aiguo Zhou
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
| | - Guohuan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510070, China.
| | - Jixing Zou
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
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12
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Freitas DF, Colón DF, Silva RL, Santos EM, Guimarães VHD, Ribeiro GHM, de Paula AMB, Guimarães ALS, Dos Reis ST, Cunha FQ, Antunes MM, Menezes GB, Santos SHS. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) modulate inflammatory profile in obese humans and mice: adipose tissue role on NETs levels. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:3225-3236. [PMID: 35066770 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07157-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are a recently discovered neutrophil defense mechanism which modulates several inflammatory conditions contributing to metabolic profile alterations. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the production of NETs in obese patients and mice, verifying the possible mechanisms associated with the release of NETs by the adipose tissue. METHODS AND RESULTS The present study investigated NETs production in human adipose tissue and also showing the neutrophils using intravital microscopy in mouse epididymal adipose tissue. Blood and white adipose tissues were obtained from eutrophic and obese individuals and from mice. Lipid, glycemic and leukocyte profiles were evaluated, as well as the levels of NETs and its markers. Bioinformatics and proteomics analyses were performed and the identified key proteins were measured. The main findings showed that the inflammatory markers interleukin-8 (IL-8), heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) and the E1 heat shock protein family (HSPE1) can be modulated by the NETs levels in obesity. Obesity has also been associated with increased cholesterol, glucose intolerance, ionic calcium and NETs. We also observed an increase in catalase and a decreased superoxide dismutase activity. Bioinformatics and proteomics analyses revealed that IL-8, HSP90 and HSPE1 were associated with obesity, inflammation and NETs release. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, the present study shows an increase in NETs production during obesity associated with important inflammatory markers in adipose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Fernanda Freitas
- Laboratory of Health Science, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, State University of Montes Claros, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Department of Pharmacy Course of College Saint Augustine, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - David Fernando Colón
- Center for Research in Inflammatory Diseases (CRID), Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Rangel Leal Silva
- Center for Research in Inflammatory Diseases (CRID), Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Eloá Mangabeira Santos
- Laboratory of Health Science, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, State University of Montes Claros, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Victor Hugo Dantas Guimarães
- Laboratory of Health Science, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, State University of Montes Claros, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Henrique Mendes Ribeiro
- Institute of Agriculture Sciences, Departments of Food Engineering, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Bairro Universitário, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Alfredo Maurício Batista de Paula
- Laboratory of Health Science, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, State University of Montes Claros, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - André Luiz Sena Guimarães
- Laboratory of Health Science, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, State University of Montes Claros, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Sidnei Tavares Dos Reis
- Institute of Agriculture Sciences, Departments of Food Engineering, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Bairro Universitário, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Fernando Queiroz Cunha
- Center for Research in Inflammatory Diseases (CRID), Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Maisa Mota Antunes
- Center for Gastrointestinal Biology, Departments of Morphology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Batista Menezes
- Center for Gastrointestinal Biology, Departments of Morphology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Sérgio Henrique Sousa Santos
- Laboratory of Health Science, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, State University of Montes Claros, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
- Department of Pharmacy Course of College Saint Augustine, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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13
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Sommerfeld L, Finkernagel F, Jansen JM, Wagner U, Nist A, Stiewe T, Müller‐Brüsselbach S, Sokol AM, Graumann J, Reinartz S, Müller R. The multicellular signalling network of ovarian cancer metastases. Clin Transl Med 2021; 11:e633. [PMID: 34841720 PMCID: PMC8574964 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transcoelomic spread is the major route of metastasis of ovarian high-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC) with the omentum as the major metastatic site. Its unique tumour microenvironment with its large populations of adipocytes, mesothelial cells and immune cells establishes an intercellular signaling network that is instrumental for metastatic growth yet poorly understood. METHODS Based on transcriptomic analysis of tumour cells, tumour-associated immune and stroma cells we defined intercellular signaling pathways for 284 cytokines and growth factors and their cognate receptors after bioinformatic adjustment for contaminating cell types. The significance of individual components of this network was validated by analysing clinical correlations and potentially pro-metastatic functions, including tumour cell migration, pro-inflammatory signal transduction and TAM expansion. RESULTS The data show an unexpected prominent role of host cells, and in particular of omental adipocytes, mesothelial cells and fibroblasts (CAF), in sustaining this signaling network. These cells, rather than tumour cells, are the major source of most cytokines and growth factors in the omental microenvironment (n = 176 vs. n = 13). Many of these factors target tumour cells, are linked to metastasis and are associated with a short survival. Likewise, tumour stroma cells play a major role in extracellular-matrix-triggered signaling. We have verified the functional significance of our observations for three exemplary instances. We show that the omental microenvironment (i) stimulates tumour cell migration and adhesion via WNT4 which is highly expressed by CAF; (ii) induces pro-tumourigenic TAM proliferation in conjunction with high CSF1 expression by omental stroma cells and (iii) triggers pro-inflammatory signaling, at least in part via a HSP70-NF-κB pathway. CONCLUSIONS The intercellular signaling network of omental metastases is majorly dependent on factors secreted by immune and stroma cells to provide an environment that supports ovarian HGSC progression. Clinically relevant pathways within this network represent novel options for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah Sommerfeld
- Department of Translational Oncology, Center for Tumor Biology and Immunology (ZTI)Philipps UniversityMarburgGermany
| | - Florian Finkernagel
- Department of Translational Oncology, Center for Tumor Biology and Immunology (ZTI)Philipps UniversityMarburgGermany
| | - Julia M. Jansen
- Clinic for Gynecology, Gynecological Oncology and Gynecological EndocrinologyUniversity Hospital (UKGM)MarburgGermany
| | - Uwe Wagner
- Clinic for Gynecology, Gynecological Oncology and Gynecological EndocrinologyUniversity Hospital (UKGM)MarburgGermany
| | - Andrea Nist
- Genomics Core Facility, Center for Tumor Biology and Immunology (ZTI)Philipps UniversityMarburgGermany
| | - Thorsten Stiewe
- Genomics Core Facility, Center for Tumor Biology and Immunology (ZTI)Philipps UniversityMarburgGermany
- Institute of Molecular OncologyPhilipps UniversityMarburgGermany
| | - Sabine Müller‐Brüsselbach
- Department of Translational Oncology, Center for Tumor Biology and Immunology (ZTI)Philipps UniversityMarburgGermany
| | - Anna M. Sokol
- The German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine‐MainMax Planck Institute for Heart and Lung ResearchBad NauheimGermany
| | - Johannes Graumann
- The German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine‐MainMax Planck Institute for Heart and Lung ResearchBad NauheimGermany
- Institute for Translational Proteomics, Philipps UniversityMarburgGermany
| | - Silke Reinartz
- Department of Translational Oncology, Center for Tumor Biology and Immunology (ZTI)Philipps UniversityMarburgGermany
| | - Rolf Müller
- Department of Translational Oncology, Center for Tumor Biology and Immunology (ZTI)Philipps UniversityMarburgGermany
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14
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Rajapriya S, Geetha A. Effect of luteolin on the gene level expression of apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a caspase recruitment domain of NLRP3 inflammasome and NF-κB in rats subjected to experimental pancreatitis - influence of HSP70. J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol 2021; 33:477-486. [PMID: 34167178 DOI: 10.1515/jbcpp-2020-0255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Nod-like receptor pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) is one of the well characterized inflammasome that controls the maturation of pro-inflammatory cytokines and thereby the inflammation in pancreas which could be a promising target for anti-inflammatory drugs. The present study is aimed to explore whether luteolin can target the NLRP3 inflammasome and modulate its activity through the signaling protein, HSP70 in the ethanol-cerulein model of experimental pancreatitis. METHODS Male albino Wistar rats were divided into four groups. Groups 1 and 2 rats received normal diet. Groups 3 and 4 rats received isocalorically adjusted diet containing ethanol for 5 weeks and cerulein (20 μg/kg body weight i.p., thrice weekly for the last 3 weeks of the experimental period). Additionally, group 2 and 4 rats received 2 mg/kg body weight of luteolin orally from third week. RESULTS Luteolin co-administration decreased the serum levels of HSP70, oxidative stress markers, myeloperoxidase, GSH/GSSG and GST with concomitant downregulation in the mRNA expression of HSP70, caspase-1, ASC-NLRP3 and NF-κB. Spearman's rank correlation test showed that serum HSP70 has positive correlation with the expression of ASC-NLRP3, caspase-1, NF-κB and 4-hydroxynonenal and negative correlation with GSH:GSSG ratio. CONCLUSIONS The modulating effect of luteolin on the expression of HSP70, NF-κB and thereby on ASC-NLRP3 complex may be claimed for its pancreato-protective activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadanandan Rajapriya
- Department of Biochemistry, Bharathi Women's College, Affiliated to University of Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Arumugam Geetha
- Dr. Ambedkar Government Arts College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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15
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Linh NV, Dien LT, Panphut W, Thapinta A, Senapin S, St-Hilaire S, Rodkhum C, Dong HT. Ozone nanobubble modulates the innate defense system of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) against Streptococcus agalactiae. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 112:64-73. [PMID: 33667674 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2021.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Ozone nanobubble (NB-O3) is a promising technology for improving dissolved oxygen and reducing bacterial concentration in aquaculture systems. Here, we investigated the effects of NB-O3 on the innate immunity of fish by monitoring the expression levels of nonspecific immune-related genes (IL-1β, IL-2β, TNF-α), heat-shock protein genes (HSP70, HSP90-α), and a bacteriolytic enzyme, C-type lysozyme, gene (LYZ) post-treatment with this technology. Following exposure to NB-O3, the different tissues of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) were collected over time for quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) analysis. The expression of all the genes evaluated in the gills, the head kidney, and the spleen of the NB-O3 treated group was significantly up-regulated compared to that in the untreated control group. The expression levels were the highest (approx. 2 to 4-fold) at 15 min and 3 h post-exposure and then decreased from 6 to 24 h. These findings suggested that NB-O3 could switch on the innate immunity genes of Nile tilapia. Thus, we hypothesized that the NB-O3-immune-activated fish would respond more effectively to subsequent bacterial infections, thereby improving survivability compared to that of untreated fish. To test this hypothesis, 3 h post NB-O3 exposed fish and unexposed fish were challenged with a lethal dose of Streptococcus agalactiae. Interestingly, the survival rate of the NB-O3 group was significantly higher than that of the non-treated controls, with a relative percent survival (RPS) of 60-70%. Together, these findings indicate, for the first time, that NB-O3 may trigger the nonspecific defense system of the fish, thereby improving fish survivability during subsequent bacterial infections. This research identified another potential benefit of NB-O3 in aquaculture for preventing infectious bacterial diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Vu Linh
- Fish Infectious Diseases Research Unit (FID RU), Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Le Thanh Dien
- Fish Infectious Diseases Research Unit (FID RU), Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand; Department of Biotechnology and Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Technology, Tien Giang University, Tien Giang, Viet Nam
| | - Wattana Panphut
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Bangkok, 10300, Thailand
| | - Anat Thapinta
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Bangkok, 10300, Thailand
| | - Saengchan Senapin
- Fish Health Platform, Centex of Excellence for Shrimp Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (Centex Shrimp), Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand; National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Sophie St-Hilaire
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong
| | - Channarong Rodkhum
- Fish Infectious Diseases Research Unit (FID RU), Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
| | - Ha Thanh Dong
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Bangkok, 10300, Thailand.
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Danladi J, Sabir H. Perinatal Infection: A Major Contributor to Efficacy of Cooling in Newborns Following Birth Asphyxia. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22020707. [PMID: 33445791 PMCID: PMC7828225 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Neonatal encephalopathy (NE) is a global burden, as more than 90% of NE occurs in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Perinatal infection seems to limit the neuroprotective efficacy of therapeutic hypothermia. Efforts made to use therapeutic hypothermia in LMICs treating NE has led to increased neonatal mortality rates. The heat shock and cold shock protein responses are essential for survival against a wide range of stressors during which organisms raise their core body temperature and temporarily subject themselves to thermal and cold stress in the face of infection. The characteristic increase and decrease in core body temperature activates and utilizes elements of the heat shock and cold shock response pathways to modify cytokine and chemokine gene expression, cellular signaling, and immune cell mobilization to sites of inflammation, infection, and injury. Hypothermia stimulates microglia to secret cold-inducible RNA-binding protein (CIRP), which triggers NF-κB, controlling multiple inflammatory pathways, including nod-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasomes and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) signaling. Brain responses through changes in heat shock protein and cold shock protein transcription and gene-expression following fever range and hyperthermia may be new promising potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jibrin Danladi
- Department of Neonatology and Pediatric Intensive Care, Children’s Hospital University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany;
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 53127 Bonn, Germany
- Correspondence:
| | - Hemmen Sabir
- Department of Neonatology and Pediatric Intensive Care, Children’s Hospital University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany;
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 53127 Bonn, Germany
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17
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Jeon J, Lee Y, Yu H, Ha UH. HSP70-Homolog DnaK of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Increases the Production of IL-27 through Expression of EBI3 via TLR4-Dependent NF-κB and TLR4-Independent Akt Signaling. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21239194. [PMID: 33276561 PMCID: PMC7730953 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21239194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
IL-27, a heterodimeric cytokine composed of the p28 subunit and Epstein–Barr virus-induced gene 3 (EBI3), acts as a potent immunosuppressant and thus limits pathogenic inflammatory responses. IL-27 is upregulated upon Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection in septic mice, increasing susceptibility to the infection and decreasing clearance of the pathogen. However, it remains unclear which P. aeruginosa-derived molecules promote production of IL-27. In this study, we explored the mechanism by which P. aeruginosa DnaK, a heat shock protein 70-like protein, induces EBI3 expression, thereby promoting production of IL-27. Upregulation of EBI3 expression did not lead to an increase in IL-35, which consists of the p35 subunit and EBI3. The IL-27 production in response to DnaK was biologically active, as reflected by stimulation of IL-10 production. DnaK-mediated expression of EBI3 was driven by two distinct signaling pathways, NF-κB and Akt. However, NF-κB is linked to TLR4-associated signaling pathways, whereas Akt is not. Taken together, our results reveal that P. aeruginosa DnaK potently upregulates EBI3 expression, which in turn drives production of the prominent anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-27, as a consequence of TLR4-dependent activation of NF-κB and TLR4-independent activation of the Akt signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Un-Hwan Ha
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-44-860-1418; Fax: +82-44-860-1598
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18
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Hulina-Tomašković A, Somborac-Bačura A, Grdić Rajković M, Hlapčić I, Bosnar M, Rumora L. Effects of extracellular Hsp70, lipopolysaccharide and lipoteichoic acid on human monocyte-derived macrophages and differentiated THP-1 cells. Biol Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2020-0138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
AbstractExtracellular Hsp70 (eHsp70) is elevated in blood of patients with inflammatory diseases (e.g. chronic obstructive pulmonary disease), prone to bacterial infections. It stimulates pro-inflammatory effects in cells via TLR2 and TLR4. The main hypothesis was that eHsp70 induces inflammation and alters inflammatory responses to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and lipoteichoic acid (LTA). We assessed pro-inflammatory cytokines concentrations, TLR2, TLR4 and Hsp70 mRNA expressions, NF-κB and MAPKs activation, and viability after treatment of monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) and THP-1 cells with recombinant human (rh) Hsp70, LPS and LTA. rhHsp70, LPS, LTA and their combinations induced IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α from MDMs. LPS, LTA, and combinations with rhHsp70 increased TLR2 and decreased TLR4 in both cells. rhHsp70 increased TLR2 and TLR4 in THP-1 cells, and TLR2 in MDMs. rhHsp70, LPS and their combinations up-regulated Hsp70 in MDMs, while down-regulated it in THP-1. LPS and its combinations with rhHsp70 lowered cell viability in THP-1 cells and activated caspases-8 and -9. Involvement of NF-κB and MAPKs in inflammatory and survival mechanisms stimulated by rhHsp70 was demonstrated. eHsp70 alone and in combination with bacterial components could provoke inflammation and affect viability of MDMs and THP-1 cells leading to disturbed inflammatory responses in diseases accompanied with bacterial colonisations or infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Hulina-Tomašković
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Hematology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, Kneza Domagoja 2, HR-10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Anita Somborac-Bačura
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Hematology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, Kneza Domagoja 2, HR-10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marija Grdić Rajković
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Hematology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, Kneza Domagoja 2, HR-10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Iva Hlapčić
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Hematology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, Kneza Domagoja 2, HR-10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Lada Rumora
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Hematology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, Kneza Domagoja 2, HR-10000, Zagreb, Croatia
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19
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Rentscher KE, Carroll JE, Cole SW, Repetti RL, Robles TF. Relationship closeness buffers the effects of perceived stress on transcriptomic indicators of cellular stress and biological aging marker p16 INK4a. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:16476-16490. [PMID: 32712602 PMCID: PMC7485710 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Chronic stress can accelerate biological aging, offering one mechanism through which stress may increase age-related disease risk. Chronic activation of the sympathoadrenal system increases cellular energy production, resulting in cell stress that can initiate cellular senescence, a permanent state of cell growth arrest. Our previous research linked psychosocial stress with increased expression of senescence marker p16INK4a; however, less is known about the role of protective psychosocial factors in biological aging. We examined relationship closeness (perceived interconnectedness with one's spouse) as a protective buffer of the effects of stress on expression of the p16INK4a-encoding gene (CDKN2A) and transcription control pathways activated under cell stress. Seventy parents (Mage=43.2) completed interview-based and questionnaire measures of psychosocial stress and relationship closeness. Blood samples assessed CDKN2A expression and inferred activity of a priori-selected transcription factors Nrf2 and heat shock factors (HSFs) via genome-wide transcriptome profiling. Random intercept models adjusting for age, sex, and ethnicity/race revealed that perceived stress was associated with elevated CDKN2A expression for parents with low but not high closeness. Secondary bioinformatics analyses linked the interaction of perceived stress and relationship closeness to Nrf2 and HSF-1 activity. Findings identify relationship closeness as a protective factor that may buffer the impact of stress on cellular stress and senescence pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly E. Rentscher
- Cousins Center for Psychoneuroimmunology, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Judith E. Carroll
- Cousins Center for Psychoneuroimmunology, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Steve W. Cole
- Cousins Center for Psychoneuroimmunology, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Rena L. Repetti
- Department of Psychology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Theodore F. Robles
- Department of Psychology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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20
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Increased serum levels of advanced glycation end products due to induced molting in hen layers trigger a proinflammatory response by peripheral blood leukocytes. Poult Sci 2020; 99:3452-3462. [PMID: 32616239 PMCID: PMC7597842 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2020.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Induced molting (IM), a severe detriment to animal welfare, is still used in the poultry industry in some countries to increase or rejuvenate egg production and is responsible for several physiological perturbations, possibly including reactive oxidative stress, a form of metabolic stress. Because metabolic stress has been shown to induce a proinflammatory response involved in attempts to restore homeostasis, we hypothesized that similar responses followed IM. To confirm this hypothesis, we initially confirmed the establishment of oxidative stress during IM in 75-wk-old layers by demonstrating increased production of advanced glycation end products (AGE). Concomitant with increased oxidative metabolites, cellular stress was demonstrated in peripheral blood leukocytes (PBL) by increased levels of stress gene products (the glucocorticoid receptor, sirtuin-1, and heat shock protein 70 mRNA). Increased expression of stress proteins in PBL was followed by a proinflammatory response as demonstrated by increased levels of proinflammatory gene products (IL-6 and IL-1β mRNA); increased expression of these gene products was also demonstrated in direct response to AGE in vitro, thus establishing a direct link between oxidative and cellular stress. To establish a possible pathway for inducing a proinflammatory response by PBL, we showed that AGE increased a time dependent expression of galactin-3, Toll-like receptor-4, and nuclear factor - κB, all involved in the proinflammatory activation pathway. In vivo, AGE formed complexes with increased levels of circulating acute phase proteins (lysozyme and transferrin), products of a proinflammatory immune response, thereby demonstrating an effector response to cope with the consequences of oxidative stress. Thus, the harmful consequences of IM for animal welfare are extended here by demonstrating the activation of a resource-demanding proinflammatory response.
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21
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Sulzbacher MM, Sulzbacher LM, Passos FR, Bilibio BLE, Althaus WF, Weizenmann L, de Oliveira K, Frizzo MN, Ludwig MS, Heck TG. A single dose of eHSP72 attenuates sepsis severity in mice. Sci Rep 2020; 10:9198. [PMID: 32513986 PMCID: PMC7280184 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-66011-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
High levels of extracellular 72 kDa heat shock protein (eHSP72) can be detected in the serum of septic patients and are associated with increased oxidative profiles and elevated rates of mortality among these patients. However, a possible immunomodulatory role for this protein, resulting in tissue protection during sepsis, has never been assessed. In this study, we investigated whether eHSP72 administration could attenuate the severity of sepsis in a mouse peritonitis model. Animals (90-day-old male C57BL/6J mice) were divided into Sepsis (n = 8) and Sepsis + eHSP72 (n = 9) groups, which both received injections of 20% fecal solution [1 mg/g body weight (wt), intraperitoneal (i.p.)], to trigger peritonitis induced-sepsis, whereas a Control group (n = 7) received a saline injection. eHSP72 was administered (1.33 ng/g body wt) to the Sepsis+eHSP72 group, 12 h after sepsis induction. All animals were evaluated for murine sepsis score (MSS), hemogram, core temperature, and glycemia (before and 4, 12, and 24 h after sepsis induction). Treatment with eHSP72 promoted reduced sepsis severity 24 h after sepsis induction, based on MSS scores (Control = 1.14 ± 1.02; Sepsis = 11.07 ± 7.24, and Sepsis + eHSP72 = 5.62 ± 1.72, P < 0.001) and core temperatures (°C; Control = 37.48 ± 0.58; Sepsis = 35.17 ± 2.88, and Sepsis + eHSP72 = 36.94 ± 2.02; P = 0.006). eHSP72 treatment also limited the oxidative profile and respiratory dysfunction in mice with sepsis. Although sepsis modified glycemic levels and white and red blood cell counts, these variables were not influenced by eHSP72 treatment (P > 0.05). Finally, eHSP72 improved the survival rate after sepsis (P = 0.0371). Together, our results indicated that eHSP72 may ameliorate sepsis severity and possibly improve some sepsis indices in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maicon Machado Sulzbacher
- Research Group in Physiology, Department of Life Sciences, Regional University of Northwestern Rio Grande do Sul State (UNIJUÍ), Ijuí, RS, Brazil. .,Postgraduate Program in Integral Attention to Health (PPGAIS-UNIJUÍ/UNICRUZ), Ijuí, RS, Brazil.
| | - Lucas Machado Sulzbacher
- Research Group in Physiology, Department of Life Sciences, Regional University of Northwestern Rio Grande do Sul State (UNIJUÍ), Ijuí, RS, Brazil
| | - Felipe Rafael Passos
- Research Group in Physiology, Department of Life Sciences, Regional University of Northwestern Rio Grande do Sul State (UNIJUÍ), Ijuí, RS, Brazil
| | - Bruna Letícia Endl Bilibio
- Research Group in Physiology, Department of Life Sciences, Regional University of Northwestern Rio Grande do Sul State (UNIJUÍ), Ijuí, RS, Brazil.,Postgraduate Program in Integral Attention to Health (PPGAIS-UNIJUÍ/UNICRUZ), Ijuí, RS, Brazil
| | - Wellington Felipe Althaus
- Research Group in Physiology, Department of Life Sciences, Regional University of Northwestern Rio Grande do Sul State (UNIJUÍ), Ijuí, RS, Brazil
| | - Luana Weizenmann
- Research Group in Physiology, Department of Life Sciences, Regional University of Northwestern Rio Grande do Sul State (UNIJUÍ), Ijuí, RS, Brazil.,Postgraduate Program in Integral Attention to Health (PPGAIS-UNIJUÍ/UNICRUZ), Ijuí, RS, Brazil
| | - Kauana de Oliveira
- Research Group in Physiology, Department of Life Sciences, Regional University of Northwestern Rio Grande do Sul State (UNIJUÍ), Ijuí, RS, Brazil
| | - Matias Nunes Frizzo
- Research Group in Physiology, Department of Life Sciences, Regional University of Northwestern Rio Grande do Sul State (UNIJUÍ), Ijuí, RS, Brazil.,Postgraduate Program in Integral Attention to Health (PPGAIS-UNIJUÍ/UNICRUZ), Ijuí, RS, Brazil
| | - Mirna Stela Ludwig
- Research Group in Physiology, Department of Life Sciences, Regional University of Northwestern Rio Grande do Sul State (UNIJUÍ), Ijuí, RS, Brazil.,Postgraduate Program in Integral Attention to Health (PPGAIS-UNIJUÍ/UNICRUZ), Ijuí, RS, Brazil
| | - Thiago Gomes Heck
- Research Group in Physiology, Department of Life Sciences, Regional University of Northwestern Rio Grande do Sul State (UNIJUÍ), Ijuí, RS, Brazil. .,Postgraduate Program in Integral Attention to Health (PPGAIS-UNIJUÍ/UNICRUZ), Ijuí, RS, Brazil.
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22
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Calvani R, Picca A, Marini F, Biancolillo A, Gervasoni J, Persichilli S, Primiano A, Coelho-Junior HJ, Cesari M, Bossola M, Urbani A, Onder G, Landi F, Bernabei R, Marzetti E. Identification of biomarkers for physical frailty and sarcopenia through a new multi-marker approach: results from the BIOSPHERE study. GeroScience 2020; 43:727-740. [PMID: 32488674 PMCID: PMC8110636 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-020-00197-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Physical frailty and sarcopenia (PF&S) is a prototypical geriatric condition characterized by reduced physical function and low muscle mass. The aim of the present study was to provide an initial selection of biomarkers for PF&S using a novel multivariate analytic strategy. Two-hundred community-dwellers, 100 with PF&S and 100 non-physically frail, non-sarcopenic (nonPF&S) controls aged 70 and older were enrolled as part of the BIOmarkers associated with Sarcopenia and Physical frailty in EldeRly pErsons (BIOSPHERE) study. A panel of 74 serum analytes involved in inflammation, muscle growth and remodeling, neuromuscular junction damage, and amino acid metabolism was assayed. Biomarker selection was accomplished through sequential and orthogonalized covariance selection (SO-CovSel) analysis. Separate SO-CovSel models were constructed for the whole study population and for the two genders. The model with the best prediction ability obtained with the smallest number of variables was built using seven biomolecules. This model allowed correct classification of 80.6 ± 5.3% PF&S participants and 79.9 ± 5.1% nonPF&S controls. The PF&S biomarker profile was characterized by higher serum levels of asparagine, aspartic acid, and citrulline. Higher serum concentrations of platelet-derived growth factor BB, heat shock protein 72 (Hsp72), myeloperoxidase, and α-aminobutyric acid defined the profile of nonPF&S participants. Gender-specific SO-CovSel models identified a "core" biomarker profile of PF&S, characterized by higher serum levels of aspartic acid and Hsp72 and lower concentrations of macrophage inflammatory protein 1β, with peculiar signatures in men and women.SO-CovSel analysis allowed identifying a set of potential biomarkers for PF&S. The adoption of such an innovative multivariate approach could help address the complex pathophysiology of PF&S, translate biomarker discovery from bench to bedside, and unveil novel targets for interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Calvani
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario ''Agostino Gemelli'' IRCCS, L.go F. Vito 1, 00168, Rome, Italy.,Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, L.go F. Vito 1, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Picca
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario ''Agostino Gemelli'' IRCCS, L.go F. Vito 1, 00168, Rome, Italy. .,Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, L.go F. Vito 1, 00168, Rome, Italy.
| | - Federico Marini
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Jacopo Gervasoni
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario ''Agostino Gemelli'' IRCCS, L.go F. Vito 1, 00168, Rome, Italy.,Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, L.go F. Vito 1, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Persichilli
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario ''Agostino Gemelli'' IRCCS, L.go F. Vito 1, 00168, Rome, Italy.,Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, L.go F. Vito 1, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Aniello Primiano
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, L.go F. Vito 1, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Hélio J Coelho-Junior
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, L.go F. Vito 1, 00168, Rome, Italy.,Applied Kinesiology Laboratory-LCA, School of Physical Education, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Matteo Cesari
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università di Milano, Milan, Italy.,Geriatric Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Maurizio Bossola
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario ''Agostino Gemelli'' IRCCS, L.go F. Vito 1, 00168, Rome, Italy.,Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, L.go F. Vito 1, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Urbani
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario ''Agostino Gemelli'' IRCCS, L.go F. Vito 1, 00168, Rome, Italy.,Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, L.go F. Vito 1, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Graziano Onder
- Department of Cardiovascular, Endocrine-metabolic Diseases and Aging, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Landi
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario ''Agostino Gemelli'' IRCCS, L.go F. Vito 1, 00168, Rome, Italy.,Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, L.go F. Vito 1, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Bernabei
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario ''Agostino Gemelli'' IRCCS, L.go F. Vito 1, 00168, Rome, Italy. .,Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, L.go F. Vito 1, 00168, Rome, Italy.
| | - Emanuele Marzetti
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario ''Agostino Gemelli'' IRCCS, L.go F. Vito 1, 00168, Rome, Italy.,Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, L.go F. Vito 1, 00168, Rome, Italy
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23
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New insights into the protection of growth hormone in cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity: The impact of IGF-1 on the Keap1-Nrf2/HO-1 signaling. Life Sci 2020; 253:117581. [PMID: 32209424 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Cisplatin (CDDP) is an effective antineoplastic agent, however, its serious nephrotoxicity limits therapeutic use. Human growth hormone (hGH) has proved antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. The present study aimed to investigate the nephroprotective effects of hGH against CDDP-induced nephrotoxicity and the mechanisms underlying this nephroprotection. MAIN METHODS Male albino rats injected with CDDP (7 mg/kg) and nephrotoxicity indices, oxidative stress and inflammatory biomarkers (high mobility group box protein-1 (HMGB-1), soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH), and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB)) were assessed. Also, insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and Nuclear factor-erythroid-2 (Nrf2)/heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) pathway were assessed. KEY FINDINGS hGH (1 mg/kg) improved kidney function and antioxidant systems and showed intact renal tubular epithelium. Cisplatin upregulated the HMGB-1/NF-κB and downregulated Nrf2/HO-1 pathways which were reversed by hGH and aligned with increased renal IGF-1 expression. Also, IGF-1/sEH crosstalk might be involved in hGH nephroprotection. Moreover, hGH downregulated HSP70 and caspase-3 expressions. SIGNIFICANCE these results concluded that hGH can attenuate the inflammation and oxidative stress attained by CDDP probably through inhibition of Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. We also suggested that Keap1/Nrf2-mediated upregulation of the antioxidant HO-1 might inhibit HMGB-1/NF-κB signaling and thus provide the principal protection mechanism offered by hGH against CDDP-induced kidney injury.
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24
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Wowro SJ, Tong G, Krech J, Rolfs N, Berger F, Schmitt KRL. Combined Cyclosporin A and Hypothermia Treatment Inhibits Activation of BV-2 Microglia but Induces an Inflammatory Response in an Ischemia/Reperfusion Hippocampal Slice Culture Model. Front Cell Neurosci 2019; 13:273. [PMID: 31293389 PMCID: PMC6603137 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2019.00273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Hypothermia attenuates cerebral ischemia-induced neuronal cell death associated with neuroinflammation. The calcineurin inhibitor cyclosporin A (CsA) has been shown to be neuroprotective by minimizing activation of inflammatory pathways. Therefore, we investigated whether the combination of hypothermia and treatment with CsA has neuroprotective effects in an oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R) injury model in neuronal and BV-2 microglia monocultures, as well as in an organotypic hippocampal slice culture (OHSC). Methods Murine primary neurons, BV-2 microglia, and OHSC were pretreated with CsA and exposed to 1 h OGD (0.2% O2) followed by reperfusion at normothermia (37°C) or hypothermia (33.5°C). Cytotoxicity was measured by lactate dehydrogenase and glutamate releases. Damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70), and cold-inducible RNA-binding protein (CIRBP) were detected in cultured supernatant by western blot analysis. Interleukin-6 (IL-6), Interleukin-1α and -1β (IL-1α/IL1-β), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP1), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), glia activation factors ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 (Iba1), and transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) gene expressions were analyzed by RT-qPCR. Results Exposure to OGD plus 10 μM CsA was sufficient to induce necrotic cell death and subsequent release of DAMPs in neurons but not BV-2 microglia. Moreover, OGD/R-induced secondary injury was also observed only in the neurons, which was not attenuated by cooling and no increased toxicity by CsA was observed. BV-2 microglia were not sensitive to OGD/R-induced injury but were susceptible to CsA-induced toxicity in a dose dependent manner, which was minimized by hypothermia. CsA attenuated IL-1β and Iba1 expressions in BV-2 microglia exposed to OGD/R. Hypothermia reduced IL-1β and iNOS expressions but induced TNF-α and Iba1 expressions in the microglia. However, these observations did not translate to the ex vivo OHCS model, as general high expressions of most cytokines investigated were observed. Conclusion Treatment with CsA has neurotoxic effects on primary neurons exposed to OGD but could inhibit BV-2 microglia activation. However, CsA and hypothermia treatment after ischemia/reperfusion injury results in cytotoxic neuroinflammation in the complex ex vivo OHSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvia J Wowro
- Department of Congenital Heart Disease/Pediatric Cardiology, Universitäres Herzzentrum Berlin - Medical Heart Center of Charité and German Heart Institute Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Giang Tong
- Department of Congenital Heart Disease/Pediatric Cardiology, Universitäres Herzzentrum Berlin - Medical Heart Center of Charité and German Heart Institute Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jana Krech
- Department of Congenital Heart Disease/Pediatric Cardiology, Universitäres Herzzentrum Berlin - Medical Heart Center of Charité and German Heart Institute Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nele Rolfs
- Department of Congenital Heart Disease/Pediatric Cardiology, Universitäres Herzzentrum Berlin - Medical Heart Center of Charité and German Heart Institute Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Felix Berger
- Department of Congenital Heart Disease/Pediatric Cardiology, Universitäres Herzzentrum Berlin - Medical Heart Center of Charité and German Heart Institute Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Katharina R L Schmitt
- Department of Congenital Heart Disease/Pediatric Cardiology, Universitäres Herzzentrum Berlin - Medical Heart Center of Charité and German Heart Institute Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
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25
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Johnson JD, Barnard DF, Kulp AC, Mehta DM. Neuroendocrine Regulation of Brain Cytokines After Psychological Stress. J Endocr Soc 2019; 3:1302-1320. [PMID: 31259292 PMCID: PMC6595533 DOI: 10.1210/js.2019-00053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
There is growing evidence that stress-induced brain cytokines are important in the etiology of depression and anxiety. Here, we review how the neuroendocrine responses to psychological stressors affect the immediate and long-term regulation of inflammatory cytokines within the brain and highlight how the regulation changes across time with repeated stress exposure. In doing so, we report on the percentage of studies in the literature that observed increases in either IL-1β, TNF-α, or IL-6 within the hypothalamus, hippocampus, or prefrontal cortex after either acute or chronic stress exposure. The key takeaway is that catecholamines and glucocorticoids play critical roles in the regulation of brain cytokines after psychological stress exposure. Central catecholamines stimulate the release of IL-1β from microglia, which is a key factor in the further activation of microglia and recruitment of monocytes into the brain. Meanwhile, the acute elevation of glucocorticoids inhibits the production of brain cytokines via two mechanisms: the suppression of noradrenergic locus coeruleus neurons and inhibition of the NFκB signaling pathway. However, glucocorticoids and peripheral catecholamines facilitate inflammatory responses to future stimuli by stimulating monocytes to leave the bone marrow, downregulating inhibitory receptors on microglia, and priming inflammatory responses mediated by peripheral monocytes or macrophages. The activation of microglia and the elevation of peripheral glucocorticoid and catecholamine levels are both necessary during times of stress exposure for the development of psychopathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- John D Johnson
- Kent State University, Biological Sciences Department, School of Biomedical Sciences, Kent, Ohio
| | - David F Barnard
- Kent State University, Biological Sciences Department, School of Biomedical Sciences, Kent, Ohio
| | - Adam C Kulp
- Kent State University, Biological Sciences Department, School of Biomedical Sciences, Kent, Ohio
| | - Devanshi M Mehta
- Kent State University, Biological Sciences Department, School of Biomedical Sciences, Kent, Ohio
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26
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Lee JW, Choi H, Hwang UK, Kang JC, Kang YJ, Kim KI, Kim JH. Toxic effects of lead exposure on bioaccumulation, oxidative stress, neurotoxicity, and immune responses in fish: A review. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2019; 68:101-108. [PMID: 30884452 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2019.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Revised: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) is a highly toxic metal in aquatic environments. Fish are at the top of the food chain in most aquatic environments, and are the most susceptible to the toxic effects of Pb exposure. In addition, fish are one of the most abundant vertebrates, and they can directly affect humans through food intake; therefore, fish can be used to assess the extent of environmental pollution in an aquatic environment. Pb-induced toxicity in fish exposed to toxicants is primarily induced by bioaccumulation in specific tissues, and the accumulation mechanisms vary depending on water habitat (freshwater or seawater) and pathway (waterborne or dietary exposure). Pb accumulation in fish tissues causes oxidative stress due to excessive ROS production. Oxidative stress by Pb exposure induces synaptic damage and neurotransmitter malfunction in fish as neurotoxicity. Moreover, Pb exposure influences immune responses in fish as an immune-toxicant. Therefore, the purpose of this review was to examine the various toxic effects of Pb exposure, including bioaccumulation, oxidative stress, neurotoxicity, and immune responses, and to identify indicators to evaluate the extent of Pb toxicity by based on the level of Pb exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju-Wook Lee
- Marine Ecological Risk Assessment Center, West Sea Fisheries Research Institute, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Hoon Choi
- Marine Ecological Risk Assessment Center, West Sea Fisheries Research Institute, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Un-Ki Hwang
- Marine Ecological Risk Assessment Center, West Sea Fisheries Research Institute, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Ju-Chan Kang
- Department of Aquatic Life Medicine, Pukyong National University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Yue Jai Kang
- Sun Moon University, Department of Aquatic Life and Medical Science, Asan-si, South Korea
| | - Kwang Il Kim
- Pathology Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Busan, South Korea
| | - Jun-Hwan Kim
- Fisheries Research & Development Institute, West Sea Fisheries Research Institute, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Taean, South Korea.
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27
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Hoekstra SP, Leicht CA, Kamijo YI, Kinoshita T, Stephenson BT, Goosey-Tolfrey VL, Bishop NC, Tajima F. The inflammatory response to a wheelchair half-marathon in people with a spinal cord injury - the role of autonomic function. J Sports Sci 2019; 37:1717-1724. [DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2019.1586296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sven P. Hoekstra
- The Peter Harrison Centre for Disability Sport; School of Sport, Exercise, and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | - Christof A. Leicht
- The Peter Harrison Centre for Disability Sport; School of Sport, Exercise, and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | - Yoshi-Ichiro Kamijo
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Tokio Kinoshita
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Ben T. Stephenson
- The Peter Harrison Centre for Disability Sport; School of Sport, Exercise, and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | - Victoria L. Goosey-Tolfrey
- The Peter Harrison Centre for Disability Sport; School of Sport, Exercise, and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | - Nicolette C. Bishop
- The Peter Harrison Centre for Disability Sport; School of Sport, Exercise, and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | - Fumihiro Tajima
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
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28
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Hoekstra SP, Wright AKA, Bishop NC, Leicht CA. The effect of temperature and heat shock protein 72 on the ex vivo acute inflammatory response in monocytes. Cell Stress Chaperones 2019; 24:461-467. [PMID: 30756293 PMCID: PMC6439050 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-019-00972-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Revised: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The acute inflammatory response to active or passive activities that increase body temperature may aid to reduce chronic low-grade inflammation. This study investigates the impact of temperature and extracellular heat shock protein 72 (eHsp72) on the acute intracellular Hsp72 (iHsp72) and interleukin-6 (iIL-6) response in monocytes. Whole blood was incubated for 2 h at 37.0 °C, 38.5 °C and 40.0 °C, in the absence or presence of 0.5 μg/ml eHsp72. Flow cytometry was used to assess iHsp72 and iIL-6 expression in total monocytes and the three monocyte subsets. Incubation at 40.0 °C (p < 0.001) but not 38.5 °C (p = 0.085) increased iHsp72 expression when compared with 37.0 °C, while there was no effect of temperature on iIL-6 expression (p = 0.635). Following incubation with eHsp72, the expression of iHsp72 in classical monocytes was reduced at all temperatures (p < 0.001), while there was no effect of eHsp72 on iIL-6 expression (p = 0.071). Large temperature elevations are needed to induce an acute iHsp72 response in monocytes. In addition, contrary to its suggested role as a danger signal for the innate immune system, eHsp72 reduced iHsp72 and iIL-6 expression in monocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sven P Hoekstra
- The Peter Harrison Centre for Disability Sport, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | - Adam K A Wright
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Nicolette C Bishop
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | - Christof A Leicht
- The Peter Harrison Centre for Disability Sport, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK.
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK.
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29
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Khotib J, Rahmadi M, Ardianto C, Nisak K, Oktavia R, Ratnasari A, Dinintia Y, Shinta DW, Aryani T. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor fluvoxamine ameliorates stress- and NSAID-induced peptic ulcer possibly by involving Hsp70. J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol 2019; 30:195-203. [PMID: 30730837 DOI: 10.1515/jbcpp-2018-0067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Background Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) have recently become potential candidates for a new therapeutic approach to ulcer and gastric bleeding. Heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) plays an important role in cellular resistance to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). However, there is lack of evidence that fluvoxamine recruits Hsp70 to affect stress-induced gastric ulcer. Therefore, we investigated the effect of fluvoxamine on NSAID- and stress-induced gastric ulcer and the possible involvement of Hsp70. Methods ICR mice were used in the study. Stress induction was made by the water-immersion-plus-restraint method. NSAID-induced gastric ulcer was produced by oral administration of indomethacin. Fluvoxamine was given orally 30 min before stress induction and indomethacin treatment. Results Stress and indomethacin treatment significantly increased the ulcer index and intraluminal bleeding score. Stress and indomethacin treatment also significantly increased the expression of Hsp70. Fluvoxamine significantly decreased the ulcer index and intraluminal bleeding in both ulcer models. Moreover, fluvoxamine further increased the expression of Hsp70 in the gastric tissue of stress- and indomethacin-treated mice. Conclusions Our results indicate that fluvoxamine may have a protective effect against stress- as well as NSAID-induced gastric ulcer. In addition, the present study suggests the possible involvement of Hsp70 in the amelioration of gastric ulcer by fluvoxamine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junaidi Khotib
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Mahardian Rahmadi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Chrismawan Ardianto
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60286, Indonesia, Phone: +62 82233209135, Office: +62 31 5033710, Fax: +62 31 5020514
| | - Khoirotin Nisak
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Rianur Oktavia
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Ayu Ratnasari
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Yunita Dinintia
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Dewi Wara Shinta
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Toetik Aryani
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
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Langgartner D, Lowry CA, Reber SO. Old Friends, immunoregulation, and stress resilience. Pflugers Arch 2019; 471:237-269. [PMID: 30386921 PMCID: PMC6334733 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-018-2228-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Revised: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
There is a considerable body of evidence indicating that chronic adverse experience, especially chronic psychosocial stress/trauma, represents a major risk factor for the development of many somatic and affective disorders, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, the mechanisms underlying the development of chronic stress-associated disorders are still in large part unknown, and current treatment and prevention strategies lack efficacy and reliability. A greater understanding of mechanisms involved in the development and persistence of chronic stress-induced disorders may lead to novel approaches to prevention and treatment of these disorders. In this review, we provide evidence indicating that increases in immune (re-)activity and inflammation, potentially promoted by a reduced exposure to immunoregulatory microorganisms ("Old Friends") in today's modern society, may be causal factors in mediating the vulnerability to development and persistence of stress-related pathologies. Moreover, we discuss strategies to increase immunoregulatory processes and attenuate inflammation, as for instance contact with immunoregulatory Old Friends, which appears to be a promising strategy to promote stress resilience and to prevent/treat chronic stress-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Langgartner
- Laboratory for Molecular Psychosomatics, Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Christopher A Lowry
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation and Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
- Veterans Health Administration, Rocky Mountain Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), Denver Veterans Affairs Medical Center (VAMC), Denver, CO, 80220, USA
- Military and Veteran Microbiome Consortium for Research and Education (MVM-CoRE), Denver, CO, 80220, USA
| | - Stefan O Reber
- Laboratory for Molecular Psychosomatics, Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081, Ulm, Germany.
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Krause M, Crognale D, Cogan K, Contarelli S, Egan B, Newsholme P, De Vito G. The effects of a combined bodyweight-based and elastic bands resistance training, with or without protein supplementation, on muscle mass, signaling and heat shock response in healthy older people. Exp Gerontol 2018; 115:104-113. [PMID: 30529477 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2018.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Revised: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
This investigation sought to determine the effects of twelve weeks of resistance exercise training in addition to protein supplementation on body composition, markers of muscle atrophy/hypertrophy and heat shock response (HSR) in healthy older adults. Thirty-eight healthy sedentary participants (M/F, 18/20; age, 63.5 ± 4.4 y) were randomly assigned to four groups: I) PLACEBO: no training, receiving placebo sachets; II) NUTRITION: no training, receiving protein supplementation sachets; III) EXERCISE PLACEBO: training, placebo sachets and IV) EXERCISE NUTRITION: training, receiving protein sachets. The resistance training (using bodyweight and elastic bands) consisted of 45 min supervised training sessions, 3×/week. Participants from both exercise groups increased their total lean body mass (from 48.4 ± 8.7 to 49.2 ± 8.7 kg and from 44.9 ± 7.8 to 45.9 ± 8.1 kg, average of gain ~0.8 and 1 kg, placebo and nutrition respectively) and improved results in physical tests. Exercise nutrition group also reduced their body fat (from 34.8 ± 7.3 to 32.9 ± 7.4%), increased the expression of proteins/gene involved on the HSR, S6 and eEF2, while FOXO3 and Murf1 were reduced. Expression of MHC-I was reduced in both exercise groups while MHC-IIa increased, with no effect of protein supplementation alone. Body-weight and elastic bands based resistance exercise prompted, in healthy older people, improvements in body composition and muscle function. When protein supplementation was added to the people engaged in resistance training, improvements in fat mass and changes in skeletal muscle signaling were detected, favoring protein synthesis pathways and the protective heat shock response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauricio Krause
- Institute for Sport & Health, School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Ireland; Laboratory of Inflammation, Metabolism and Exercise Research (LAPIMEX) and Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Food for Health Ireland, University College Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Domenico Crognale
- Institute for Sport & Health, School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Ireland; Food for Health Ireland, University College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Karl Cogan
- Institute for Sport & Health, School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Serena Contarelli
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
| | - Brendan Egan
- Institute for Sport & Health, School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Ireland; School of Health & Human Performance, Dublin City University, Ireland
| | - Philip Newsholme
- CHIRI Biosciences Research Precinct, School of Biomedical Sciences, Curtin University, Australia
| | - Giuseppe De Vito
- Institute for Sport & Health, School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Ireland; Food for Health Ireland, University College Dublin, Ireland.
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Hoekstra SP, Bishop NC, Faulkner SH, Bailey SJ, Leicht CA. Acute and chronic effects of hot water immersion on inflammation and metabolism in sedentary, overweight adults. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2018; 125:2008-2018. [DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00407.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Regular exercise-induced acute inflammatory responses are suggested to improve the inflammatory profile and insulin sensitivity. As body temperature elevations partly mediate this response, passive heating might be a viable tool to improve the inflammatory profile. This study investigated the acute and chronic effects of hot water immersion on inflammatory and metabolic markers. Ten sedentary, overweight men [body mass index (BMI): 31.0 ± 4.2 kg/m2, mean ± SD] were immersed in water set at 39°C for 1 h (HWI) or rested for 1 h at ambient temperature (AMB). Venous blood was obtained before the session, immediately postsession, and 2 h postsession for assessment of monocyte intracellular heat shock protein-72 (iHsp72) and plasma concentrations of extracellular Hsp72 (eHsp72), interleukin-6 (IL-6), fasting glucose, insulin, and nitrite. Thereafter, participants underwent a 2-wk intervention period, consisting of 10 hot water immersion sessions (INT). Eight BMI-matched participants (BMI: 30.0 ± 2.5 kg/m2) were included as control (CON). Plasma IL-6 and nitrite concentrations were higher immediately following HWI compared with AMB (IL-6 P < 0.001, HWI: 1.37 ± 0.94 to 2.51 ± 1.49 pg/ml; nitrite P = 0.04, HWI: 271 ± 52 to 391 ± 72 nM), whereas iHsp72 expression was unchanged ( P = 0.57). In contrast to resting iHsp72 expression ( P = 0.59), fasting glucose ( P = 0.04; INT: 4.44 ± 0.93 to 3.98 ± 0.98 mmol/l), insulin ( P = 0.04; INT: 68.1 ± 44.6 to 55.0 ± 29.9 pmol/l), and eHsp72 ( P = 0.03; INT: 17 ± 41% reduction) concentrations were lowered after INT compared with CON. HWI induced an acute inflammatory response and increased nitric oxide bioavailability. The reductions in fasting glucose and insulin concentrations following the chronic intervention suggest that hot water immersion may serve as a tool to improve glucose metabolism. NEW & NOTEWORTHY A single hot water immersion (HWI) session induces an acute increase in plasma interleukin-6 and nitrite concentrations but does not acutely elevate heat shock protein-72 expression in monocytes [intracellular Hsp72 (iHsp72)]. A chronic HWI intervention reduces fasting glucose and insulin concentrations in the absence of changes in resting iHsp72. Therefore, HWI shows potential as a strategy to combat chronic low-grade inflammation and improve glucose metabolism in individuals without the physical capacity to do so using exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. P. Hoekstra
- The Peter Harrison Centre for Disability Sport, Loughborough University, Loughborough, United Kingdom
- The School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, United Kingdom
| | - N. C. Bishop
- The School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, United Kingdom
| | - S. H. Faulkner
- Department of Engineering, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - S. J. Bailey
- The School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, United Kingdom
| | - C. A. Leicht
- The Peter Harrison Centre for Disability Sport, Loughborough University, Loughborough, United Kingdom
- The School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, United Kingdom
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de Lemos Muller CH, Rech A, Botton CE, Schroeder HT, Bock PM, Farinha JB, Lopez P, Schöler CM, Grigolo GB, Coelho J, Kowalewski LS, Rodrigues MIL, de Azevedo MA, Quincozes-Santos A, Rodrigues-Krause J, Reischak-Oliveira A, Pinto RS, De Vito G, de Bittencourt Júnior PIH, Krause M. Heat-induced extracellular HSP72 release is blunted in elderly diabetic people compared with healthy middle-aged and older adults, but it is partially restored by resistance training. Exp Gerontol 2018; 111:180-187. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2018.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Revised: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Yin Y, Zhang P, Yue X, Du X, Li W, Yin Y, Yi C, Li Y. Effect of sub-chronic exposure to lead (Pb) and Bacillus subtilis on Carassius auratus gibelio: Bioaccumulation, antioxidant responses and immune responses. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2018; 161:755-762. [PMID: 29957583 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.06.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Revised: 06/17/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) poisoning in humans and fish represents a significant global problem. Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis) is a widely used probiotic in aquaculture. Carassius auratus gibelio (C. gibelio) is one of the most important aquaculture species with great commercial value. The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential of B. subtilis in ameliorating lead-induced toxicity in C. gibelio. The fish were exposed for 60 days to waterborne Pb at 0, 0.05, 0.5 and 1 mg/L and/or dietary B. subtilis at 109 cfu/g. After 30 and 60 days, the fish were sampled and bioaccumulation, antioxidant activity and immune responses were assessed. The results revealed that B. subtilis confers significant protective effects against lead toxicity by preventing alterations in the levels of bioaccumulation, superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione. B. subtilis also assists in the recovery of blood δ-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase, lysozyme, and IgM levels while regulating the expression of immune-related genes including IL-10, lysozyme, TNF-α, IgM and Hsp70 after 60 days of lead exposure. Our results suggest that administration of B. subtilis (109 cfu/g) has the potential to combat lead toxicity in C. gibelio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuwei Yin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Peijun Zhang
- Health Monitoring and Inspection Center of Jilin Province, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Xinyan Yue
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Xiaoyan Du
- Freshwater Fisheries Research Institute of Jilin Province, Changchun 130000, China
| | - Wei Li
- China-Japan union Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun 130000, China
| | - Yulin Yin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Cheng Yi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Yuehong Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.
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Sotiridis A, Debevec T, McDonnell AC, Ciuha U, Eiken O, Mekjavic IB. Exercise cardiorespiratory and thermoregulatory responses in normoxic, hypoxic, and hot environment following 10-day continuous hypoxic exposure. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2018; 125:1284-1295. [DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.01114.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
We examined the effects of acclimatization to normobaric hypoxia on aerobic performance and exercise thermoregulatory responses under normoxic, hypoxic, and hot conditions. Twelve men performed tests of maximal oxygen uptake (V̇O2max) in normoxic (NOR), hypoxic [HYP; 13.5% fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2)], and hot (HE; 35°C, 50% relative humidity) conditions in a randomized manner before and after a 10-day continuous normobaric hypoxic exposure [FiO2 = 13.65 (0.35)%, inspired partial pressure of oxygen = 87 (3) mmHg]. The acclimatization protocol included daily exercise [60 min at 50% hypoxia-specific peak power output (Wpeak)]. All maximal tests were preceded by a steady-state exercise (30 min at 40% Wpeak) to assess the sweating response. Hematological data were assessed from venous blood samples obtained before and after acclimatization. V̇o2max increased by 10.7% ( P = 0.002) and 7.9% ( P = 0.03) from pre-acclimatization to post acclimatization in NOR and HE, respectively, whereas no differences were found in HYP [pre: 39.9 (3.8) vs. post: 39.4 (5.1) ml·kg−1·min−1, P = 1.0]. However, the increase in V̇O2max did not translate into increased Wpeak in either NOR or HE. Maximal heart rate and ventilation remained unchanged following acclimatization. Νo differences were noted in the sweating gain and thresholds independent of the acclimatization or environmental conditions. Hypoxic acclimatization markedly increased hemoglobin ( P < 0.001), hematocrit ( P < 0.001), and extracellular HSP72 ( P = 0.01). These data suggest that 10 days of normobaric hypoxic acclimatization combined with moderate-intensity exercise training improves V̇o2max in NOR and HE, but does not seem to affect exercise performance or thermoregulatory responses in any of the tested environmental conditions. NEW & NOTEWORTHY The potential crossover effect of hypoxic acclimatization on performance in the heat remains unexplored. Here we show that 10-day continuous hypoxic acclimatization combined with moderate-intensity exercise training can increase maximal oxygen uptake in hot conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandros Sotiridis
- Department of Automation, Biocybernetics and Robotics, Jozef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Jozef Stefan International Postgraduate School, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Tadej Debevec
- Department of Automation, Biocybernetics and Robotics, Jozef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Faculty of Sport, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Adam C. McDonnell
- Department of Automation, Biocybernetics and Robotics, Jozef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Urša Ciuha
- Department of Automation, Biocybernetics and Robotics, Jozef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Ola Eiken
- Department of Environmental Physiology, School of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Royal Institute of Technology, Solna, Sweden
| | - Igor B. Mekjavic
- Department of Automation, Biocybernetics and Robotics, Jozef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
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Trussardi Fayh AP, de Carvalho Gomes C, Schroeder HT, Henrique de Lemos Muller C, Maria de Araújo Moura Lemos T, Krause M. Induction chemotherapy reduces extracellular heat shock protein 72 levels, inflammation, lipoperoxidation and changes insulin sensitivity in children and adolescents newly diagnosed with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Oncotarget 2018; 9:28784-28795. [PMID: 29983896 PMCID: PMC6033368 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is associated with higher levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress. Recently, the levels of extracellular heat shock protein 72 (eHSP72) were found to be elevated in ALL, and its elevation associated with poor prognosis. Therefore, considering the possible role of eHSP72 as a modulator of the immunological system and metabolism, the aim of this study was to describe the response of eHSP72 to the induction phase of chemotherapy, along with metabolic, inflammatory and oxidative stress markers, in children and adolescents newly diagnosed with ALL. Methods Nineteen patients were recruited and analysed before and after the induction phase of chemotherapy (with 28 days of duration). Blood samples were taken for the analysis of C-reactive protein (CRP), levels of lipoperoxidation, insulin (and HOMA-IR), cortisol, glucose, lipid profile and eHSP72. Results We found that induction phase of chemotherapy leads to a drop in glucose levels (from 101.79±19 to 75.8±9.7 mg/dL), improvements on inflammation (CRP levels, p<0.01) and oxidative stress (TBARS levels, p<0.01), reduction on eHSP72 (p=0.03) and improved insulin sensitivity (HOMA-IR, p=0.02). Conclusion Our results indicate that eHSP72 may have an immune and metabolic role and could be used as a marker of the treatment success and metabolic changes in children with ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula Trussardi Fayh
- Departamento de Nutrição, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Camila de Carvalho Gomes
- Departamento de Nutrição, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Helena Trevisan Schroeder
- Laboratory of Inflammation, Metabolism and Exercise Research (LAPIMEX) and Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Carlos Henrique de Lemos Muller
- Laboratory of Inflammation, Metabolism and Exercise Research (LAPIMEX) and Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Telma Maria de Araújo Moura Lemos
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Mauricio Krause
- Laboratory of Inflammation, Metabolism and Exercise Research (LAPIMEX) and Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Hulina A, Grdić Rajković M, Jakšić Despot D, Jelić D, Dojder A, Čepelak I, Rumora L. Extracellular Hsp70 induces inflammation and modulates LPS/LTA-stimulated inflammatory response in THP-1 cells. Cell Stress Chaperones 2018; 23:373-384. [PMID: 29067554 PMCID: PMC5904080 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-017-0847-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Revised: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular Hsp70 (eHsp70) can act as damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP) via Toll-like receptors TLR2 and TLR4, and stimulate immune and inflammatory responses leading to sterile inflammation and propagation of already existing inflammation. It was found elevated in the blood of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), who might suffer occasional bacterial colonizations and infections. We used a monocytic THP-1 cell line as a cellular model of systemic compartment of COPD to assess inflammatory effects of eHsp70 when present alone or together with bacterial products lypopolysaccharide (LPS) and lypoteichoic acid (LTA). THP-1 cells were differentiated into macrophage-like cells and treated with various concentrations of recombinant human Hsp70 protein (rhHsp70), LPS (TLR4 agonist), LTA (TLR2 agonist), and their combinations for 4, 12, 24, and 48 h. Concentrations of IL-1α, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α were determined by ELISA. Cell viability was assessed by MTS assay, and mode of cell death by luminometric measurements of caspases-3/7, -8, and -9 activities. rhHsp70 showed cell protecting effect by suppressing caspases-3/7 activation, while LPS provoked cytotoxicity through caspases-8 and -3/7 pathway. Regarding inflammatory processes, rhHsp70 alone induced secretion of IL-1α and IL-8, but had modulatory effects on release of all four cytokines when applied together with LPS or LTA. Combined effect with LPS was mainly synergistic, and with LTA mainly antagonistic, although it was cytokine- and time-dependent. Our results confirmed pro-inflammatory function of extracellular Hsp70, and suggest its possible implication in COPD exacerbations caused by bacterial infection through desensitization or inappropriate activation of TLR2 and TLR4 receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Hulina
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Hematology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, Domagojeva 2, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Marija Grdić Rajković
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Hematology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, Domagojeva 2, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Daniela Jakšić Despot
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Ana Dojder
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Hematology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, Domagojeva 2, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivana Čepelak
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Hematology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, Domagojeva 2, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Lada Rumora
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Hematology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, Domagojeva 2, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
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Khadir A, Kavalakatt S, Cherian P, Warsame S, Abubaker JA, Dehbi M, Tiss A. Physical Exercise Enhanced Heat Shock Protein 60 Expression and Attenuated Inflammation in the Adipose Tissue of Human Diabetic Obese. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018; 9:16. [PMID: 29467719 PMCID: PMC5808138 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Heat shock protein 60 (HSP60) is a key protein in the crosstalk between cellular stress and inflammation. However, the status of HSP60 in diabetes and obesity is unclear. In the present study, we investigated the hypothesis that HSP60 expression levels in the adipose tissue of human obese adults with and without diabetes are different and physical exercise might affect these levels. Subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) and blood samples were collected from obese adults with and without diabetes (n = 138 and n = 92, respectively, at baseline; n = 43 for both groups after 3 months of physical exercise). Conventional RT-PCR, immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, and ELISA were used to assess the expression and secretion of HSP60. Compared with obese adults without diabetes, HSP60 mRNA and protein levels were decreased in SAT in diabetic obese together with increased inflammatory marker expression and glycemic levels but lower VO2 Max. More interestingly, a 3-month physical exercise differentially affected HSP60 expression and the heat shock response but attenuated inflammation in both groups, as reflected by decreased endogenous levels of IL-6 and TNF-α. Indeed, HSP60 expression levels in SAT were significantly increased by exercise in the diabetes group, whereas they were decreased in the non-diabetes group. These results were further confirmed using immunofluorescence microscopy and anti-HSP60 antibody in SAT. Exercise had only marginal effects on HSP60 secretion and HSP60 autoantibody levels in plasma in both obese with and without diabetes. Physical exercise differentially alleviates cellular stress in obese adults with and without diabetes despite concomitant attenuation of the inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelkrim Khadir
- Research Division, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Sina Kavalakatt
- Research Division, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Preethi Cherian
- Research Division, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Samia Warsame
- Research Division, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | | | - Mohammed Dehbi
- Diabetes Research Centre, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ali Tiss
- Research Division, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait City, Kuwait
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Fan YX, Qian C, Liu B, Wang C, Liu H, Pan X, Teng P, Hu L, Zhang G, Han Y, Yang M, Wu XF, Liu WT. Induction of suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 via HSF-1-HSP70-TLR4 axis attenuates neuroinflammation and ameliorates postoperative pain. Brain Behav Immun 2018; 68:111-122. [PMID: 29017971 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2017.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2017] [Revised: 09/30/2017] [Accepted: 10/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Postoperative pain is a common form of acute pain that, if not managed effectively, can become chronic pain. Evidence has shown that glia, especially microglia, mediate neuroinflammation, which plays a vital role in pain sensitization. Moreover, toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), the tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNF-R), the interleukin-1 receptor (IL-1R), and the interleukin-6 receptor (IL-6R) have been considered key components in central pain sensitization and neuroinflammation. Therefore, we hypothesized that activation of the body's endogenous "immune brakes" will inhibit these receptors and achieve inflammation tolerance as well as relieve postoperative pain. After searching for potential candidates to serve as this immune brake, we identified and focused on the suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3) gene. To regulate SOCS3 expression, we used paeoniflorin to induce heat shock protein 70 (HSP70)/TLR4 signaling. We found that paeoniflorin significantly induced SOCS3 expression both in vitro and in vivo and promoted the efflux of HSP70 from the cytoplasm to the extracellular environment. Furthermore, paeoniflorin markedly attenuated incision-induced mechanical allodynia, and this effect was abolished by small interfering RNAs targeting SOCS3. These findings demonstrated an effective and safe strategy to alleviate postoperative pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Xin Fan
- Department of Pharmacy, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Cheng Qian
- Department of Pharmacy, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Bingqian Liu
- Department of ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chaoyu Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Haijiao Liu
- Research Division of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiuxiu Pan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Peng Teng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Liang Hu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guangqin Zhang
- Research Division of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuan Han
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mi Yang
- The Comprehensive Cancer Center of Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University & Clinical Cancer Institute of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xue-Feng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wen-Tao Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu 211166, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
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Miragem AA, Homem de Bittencourt PI. Nitric oxide-heat shock protein axis in menopausal hot flushes: neglected metabolic issues of chronic inflammatory diseases associated with deranged heat shock response. Hum Reprod Update 2018; 23:600-628. [PMID: 28903474 DOI: 10.1093/humupd/dmx020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2016] [Accepted: 06/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although some unequivocal underlying mechanisms of menopausal hot flushes have been demonstrated in animal models, the paucity of similar approaches in humans impedes further mechanistic outcomes. Human studies might show some as yet unexpected physiological mechanisms of metabolic adaptation that permeate the phase of decreased oestrogen levels in both symptomatic and asymptomatic women. This is particularly relevant because both the severity and time span of hot flushes are associated with increased risk of chronic inflammatory disease. On the other hand, oestrogen induces the expression of heat shock proteins of the 70 kDa family (HSP70), which are anti-inflammatory and cytoprotective protein chaperones, whose expression is modulated by different types of physiologically stressful situations, including heat stress and exercise. Therefore, lower HSP70 expression secondary to oestrogen deficiency increases cardiovascular risk and predisposes the patient to senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) that culminates in chronic inflammatory diseases, such as obesities, type 2 diabetes, neuromuscular and neurodegenerative diseases. OBJECTIVE AND RATIONALE This review focuses on HSP70 and its accompanying heat shock response (HSR), which is an anti-inflammatory and antisenescent pathway whose intracellular triggering is also oestrogen-dependent via nitric oxide (NO) production. The main goal of the manuscript was to show that the vasomotor symptoms that accompany hot flushes may be a disguised clue for important neuroendocrine alterations linking oestrogen deficiency to the anti-inflammatory HSR. SEARCH METHODS Results from our own group and recent evidence on hypothalamic control of central temperature guided a search on PubMed and Google Scholar websites. OUTCOMES Oestrogen elicits rapid production of the vasodilatory gas NO, a powerful activator of HSP70 expression. Whence, part of the protective effects of oestrogen over cardiovascular and neuroendocrine systems is tied to its capacity of inducing the NO-elicited HSR. The hypothalamic areas involved in thermoregulation (infundibular nucleus in humans and arcuate nucleus in other mammals) and whose neurons are known to have their function altered after long-term oestrogen ablation, particularly kisspeptin-neurokinin B-dynorphin neurons, (KNDy) are the same that drive neuroprotective expression of HSP70 and, in many cases, this response is via NO even in the absence of oestrogen. From thence, it is not illogical that hot flushes might be related to an evolutionary adaptation to re-equip the NO-HSP70 axis during the downfall of circulating oestrogen. WIDER IMPLICATIONS Understanding of HSR could shed light on yet uncovered mechanisms of menopause-associated diseases as well as on possible manipulation of HSR in menopausal women through physiological, pharmacological, nutraceutical and prebiotic interventions. Moreover, decreased HSR indices (that can be clinically determined with ease) in perimenopause could be of prognostic value in predicting the moment and appropriateness of starting a HRT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antônio Azambuja Miragem
- Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Department of Physiology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Sarmento Leite 500, ICBS, 2nd Floor, Suite 350, Porto Alegre, RS 90050-170, Brazil.,Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology 'Farroupilha', Rua Uruguai 1675, Santa Rosa, RS 98900-000, Brazil
| | - Paulo Ivo Homem de Bittencourt
- Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Department of Physiology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Sarmento Leite 500, ICBS, 2nd Floor, Suite 350, Porto Alegre, RS 90050-170, Brazil
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Ortega E, Gálvez I, Martín-Cordero L. Extracellular Hsp70 and Low-Grade Inflammation- and Stress-Related Pathologies. HEAT SHOCK PROTEINS AND STRESS 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-90725-3_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Fábián T, Gótai L, Beck A, Fábián G, Fejérdy P. The Role of Molecular Chaperones (Hspas/Hsp70S) in Oral Health and Oral Inflammatory Diseases: A Review. EUR J INFLAMM 2017. [DOI: 10.1177/1721727x0900700201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Heat shock proteins of the 70kDa family (HSPAs/HSP70s) are major molecular chaperones and cytokines of most cells and microbes, extracellular and interstitial fluids, blood, synovial fluids and secretory body fluids like saliva. The induction of human HSPAs plays an important role at cellular level under most stress conditions; whereas microbial HSPAs improve microbial tolerance to environmental changes, and improve virulence and resistance against antimicrobial peptides. Extracellular HSPAs reveal cytoprotective properties and are involved in numerous physiological and pathological events, including modulation of cytokine release and immunity. Accordingly, HSPAs play a role in the maintenance of pulpal health, and the repair of injured dental hard tissues. HSPAs also play a role in stress adaptation of periodontal tissues, and in the maintenance of periodontal and mucosal health including defense against microbes, prevention of mucosal allergic reactions, and facilitation of healing of ulcers and wounds. Despite their advantageous effects maintaining health of several oral tissues, HSPAs are likely to play a role in the disadvantageous amplification of pulpal inflammatory response to bacteria, and in the formation of several periapical inflammatory lesions. HSPAs may also induce gingivitis under certain conditions, and play a role in the progression of periodontal bone defects. HSPAs may also play a role in atopic-type allergic reactions, autoimmune disorders, and haptenation in certain cases. Based on the above data, it can be assumed that HSPAs play an important role in oral defense under healthy conditions; however, their role is somewhat “Janus-faced” under pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- T.K. Fábián
- Semmelweis University Budapest, Faculty of Dentistry, Clinic of Prosthetic Dentistry, Budapest
| | - L. Gótai
- Semmelweis University Budapest, Faculty of Dentistry, Clinic of Prosthetic Dentistry, Budapest
| | - A. Beck
- Semmelweis University Budapest, Faculty of Dentistry, Clinic of Prosthetic Dentistry, Budapest
| | - G. Fábián
- Semmelweis University Budapest, Faculty of Dentistry, Clinic of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Budapest, Hungary, EU
| | - P. Fejérdy
- Semmelweis University Budapest, Faculty of Dentistry, Clinic of Prosthetic Dentistry, Budapest
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Boyko AA, Troyanova NI, Kovalenko EI, Sapozhnikov AM. Similarity and Differences in Inflammation-Related Characteristics of the Peripheral Immune System of Patients with Parkinson's and Alzheimer's Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18122633. [PMID: 29211044 PMCID: PMC5751236 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18122633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Revised: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) are the most common age-related neurodegenerative disorders. Both diseases are characterized by chronic inflammation in the brain-neuroinflammation. The first signs of PD and AD are most often manifested in old age, in which the immune system is usually characterized by chronic inflammation, so-called "inflammaging" In recent years, there is growing evidence that pathogenesis of these diseases is connected with both regional and peripheral immune processes. Currently, the association of clinical signs of PD and AD with different characteristics of patient immune status is actively being researched. In this mini-review we compare the association of PD and AD alterations of a number of immune system parameters connected with the process of inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna A Boyko
- Laboratory of Cell Interactions, Department of Immunology, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow 117997, Russia.
| | - Natalya I Troyanova
- Laboratory of Cell Interactions, Department of Immunology, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow 117997, Russia.
| | - Elena I Kovalenko
- Laboratory of Cell Interactions, Department of Immunology, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow 117997, Russia.
| | - Alexander M Sapozhnikov
- Laboratory of Cell Interactions, Department of Immunology, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow 117997, Russia.
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Salah AS, El Nahas AF, Mahmoud S. Modulatory effect of different doses of β-1,3/1,6-glucan on the expression of antioxidant, inflammatory, stress and immune-related genes of Oreochromis niloticus challenged with Streptococcus iniae. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 70:204-213. [PMID: 28882806 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2017.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Revised: 08/25/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
β-glucans are widely-known immunostimulants that are profusely used in aquaculture industry. The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of different in-feed doses of β-1,3/1,6-glucans on the expression of antioxidant and stress-related genes (GST, HSP-70, Vtg), inflammation related genes (Il-8, TNFα, CXC-chemokine and CAS) and adaptive immune-related genes (MHC-IIβ, TLR-7, IgM-H, and Mx) of Oreochromis niloticus challenged and non-challenged with Streptococcus iniae. Six experimental groups were established: non-challenged control (non-supplemented diet), challenged control (non-supplemented diet), non-challenged supplemented with 0.1% β-glucan, challenged supplemented with 0.1% β-glucan, non-challenged supplemented with 0.2% β-glucan and challenged supplemented with 0.2% β-glucan. Fish were fed with β-glucan for 21 days prior challenge and then sampled after 1, 3 and 7 days post-challenge. In non-challenged group, variable effects of the two doses of β-Glucans on the expression of the studied genes were observed; 0.1% induced higher expression of HSP70, CXC chemokine, MHC-IIβ and MX genes. Meanwhile, 0.2% induced better effect on the expression of Vtg, TNF-α, CAS and IgM-H, and almost equal effects of both doses on GST and IL8. However, with the challenged group, 0.2% β-Glucans showed better effect than 0.1% at day one post challenge through significant up-regulation of GST, HSP, IL8, TNF-α, CXC, and MHC-IIβ, meanwhile, the effect of 0.1% was only on the expression of HSP70, MHC-IIβ, and TLR7 at day 3 post challenge. No stimulatory role for both doses of β-Glucans on the expression of almost all genes at day 7 post-challenge. We conclude that both doses of β-glucan can modulate the antioxidant, inflammation, stress and immune-related genes in Nile tilapia, moreover, 0.2% β-Glucans showed better protective effect with Streptococcus iniae challange.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdallah S Salah
- Faculty of Aquatic and Fisheries Sciences, Kafr El Sheikh University, Egypt
| | - Abeer F El Nahas
- Animal Husbandry and Animal Wealth Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Egypt.
| | - Shawky Mahmoud
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafr El Sheikh University, Egypt
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Deak T, Kudinova A, Lovelock DF, Gibb BE, Hennessy MB. A multispecies approach for understanding neuroimmune mechanisms of stress. DIALOGUES IN CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCE 2017. [PMID: 28566946 PMCID: PMC5442363 DOI: 10.31887/dcns.2017.19.1/tdeak] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The relationship between stress challenges and adverse health outcomes, particularly for the development of affective disorders, is now well established. The highly conserved neuroimmune mechanisms through which responses to stressors are transcribed into effects on males and females have recently garnered much attention from researchers and clinicians alike. The use of animal models, from mice to guinea pigs to primates, has greatly increased our understanding of these mechanisms on the molecular, cellular, and behavioral levels, and research in humans has identified particular brain regions and connections of interest, as well as associations between stress-induced inflammation and psychiatric disorders. This review brings together findings from multiple species in order to better understand how the mechanisms of the neuroimmune response to stress contribute to stress-related psychopathologies, such as major depressive disorder, schizophrenia, and bipolar disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terrence Deak
- Center for Affective Science and Department of Psychology, Binghamton University-State University of New York (SUNY), Binghamton, New York, USA
| | - Anastacia Kudinova
- Center for Affective Science and Department of Psychology, Binghamton University-State University of New York (SUNY), Binghamton, New York, USA
| | - Dennis F Lovelock
- Center for Affective Science and Department of Psychology, Binghamton University-State University of New York (SUNY), Binghamton, New York, USA
| | - Brandon E Gibb
- Center for Affective Science and Department of Psychology, Binghamton University-State University of New York (SUNY), Binghamton, New York, USA
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Zhang T, Lu Q, Su C, Yang Y, Hu D, Xu Q. Mercury induced oxidative stress, DNA damage, and activation of antioxidative system and Hsp70 induction in duckweed (Lemna minor). ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2017; 143:46-56. [PMID: 28500894 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.04.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Revised: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 04/28/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Mercury uptake and its effects on physiology, biochemistry and genomic stability were investigated in Lemna minor after 2 and 6d of exposure to 0-30μM Hg. The accumulation of Hg increased in a concentration- and duration-dependent manner, and was positively correlated with the leaf damage. Oxidative stress after Hg exposure was evidenced in L. minor by a significant decrease in photosynthetic pigments, an increase in malondialdehyde and lipoxygenase activities (total enzyme activity and isoenzymes activity). Fronds of L. minor exposed to Hg showed an induction of peroxidase, catalase, and ascorbate peroxidase activities (total enzyme activity and some isoenzymes activities). Exposure of L. minor to Hg reduced the activity (total enzyme activity and some isoenzymes activities) of glutathione reductase, and superoxide dismutase. Exposure to Hg produced a transient increase in the content of glutathione and ascorbic acid. The content of dehydroascorbate and oxidized glutathione in L. minor were high during the entire exposure period. Exposure of L. minor to Hg also caused the accumulation of proline and soluble sugars. The amplification of new bands and the absence of normal DNA amplicons in treated plants in the random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) profile indicated that genomic template stability (GTS) was affected by Hg treatment. The accumulation of Hsp70 indicated the occurrence of a heat shock response at all Hg concentrations. These results suggest that L. minor plants were able to cope with Hg toxicity through the activation of various mechanisms involving enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants, up-regulation of proline, and induction of Hsp70.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Zhang
- College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Qianqian Lu
- College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Chunlei Su
- College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Yaru Yang
- College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Dan Hu
- College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Qinsong Xu
- College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
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Exosomes, DAMPs and miRNA: Features of Stress Physiology and Immune Homeostasis. Trends Immunol 2017; 38:768-776. [PMID: 28838855 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2017.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Revised: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Psychological/physical stressors and local tissue damage increase inflammatory proteins in tissues and blood in humans and animals, in the absence of pathogenic disease. Stress-evoked cytokine/chemokine responses, or sterile inflammation, can facilitate host survival and/or negatively affect health, depending on context. Recent evidence supports the hypothesis that systemic stress-evoked sterile inflammation is initiated by the sympathetic nervous system, resulting in the elevation of exosome-associated immunostimulatory endogenous danger/damage associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) and a reduction in immunoinhibitory miRNA, which are carried in the circulation to tissues throughout the body. We propose that sterile inflammation should be considered an elemental feature of the stress response and that circulating exosomes transporting immunomodulatory signals, may play a role fundamental role in immune homeostasis.
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Wein Y, Geva Z, Bar-Shira E, Friedman A. Transport-related stress and its resolution in turkey pullets: activation of a pro-inflammatory response in peripheral blood leukocytes. Poult Sci 2017; 96:2601-2613. [DOI: 10.3382/ps/pex076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2016] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
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Marshall H, Chrismas BCR, Suckling CA, Roberts JD, Foster J, Taylor L. Chronic probiotic supplementation with or without glutamine does not influence the eHsp72 response to a multi-day ultra-endurance exercise event. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2017; 42:876-883. [PMID: 28460195 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2017-0131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Probiotic and glutamine supplementation increases tissue Hsp72, but their influence on extracellular Hsp72 (eHsp72) has not been investigated. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of chronic probiotic supplementation, with or without glutamine, on eHsp72 concentration before and after an ultramarathon. Thirty-two participants were split into 3 independent groups, where they ingested probiotic capsules (PRO; n = 11), probiotic + glutamine powder (PGLn; n = 10), or no supplementation (CON; n = 11), over a 12-week period prior to commencement of the Marathon des Sables (MDS). eHsp72 concentration in the plasma was measured at baseline, 7 days pre-race, 6-8 h post-race, and 7 days post-race. The MDS increased eHsp72 concentrations by 124% (F[1,3] = 22.716, p < 0.001), but there was no difference in the response between groups. Additionally, PRO or PGLn supplementation did not modify pre- or post-MDS eHsp72 concentrations compared with CON (p > 0.05). In conclusion, the MDS caused a substantial increase in eHsp72 concentration, indicating high levels of systemic stress. However, chronic PRO or PGLn supplementation did not affect eHsp72 compared with control pre- or post-MDS. Given the role of eHsp72 in immune activation, the commercially available supplements used in this study are unlikely to influence this cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Marshall
- a Institute of Sport and Physical Activity Research (ISPAR), University of Bedfordshire, Bedford MK41 9EA, UK
| | | | - Craig Anthony Suckling
- c Cambridge Centre for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Department of Life Sciences, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge CB1 1PT, UK
| | - Justin D Roberts
- c Cambridge Centre for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Department of Life Sciences, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge CB1 1PT, UK
| | - Josh Foster
- a Institute of Sport and Physical Activity Research (ISPAR), University of Bedfordshire, Bedford MK41 9EA, UK
| | - Lee Taylor
- d ASPETAR, Athlete Health and Performance Research Centre, Qatar Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine Hospital, Aspire Zone, PO Box 29222, Doha, Qatar.,e School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE11 3TT, UK
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Baruah K, Norouzitallab P, Phong HPPD, Smagghe G, Bossier P. Enhanced resistance against Vibrio harveyi infection by carvacrol and its association with the induction of heat shock protein 72 in gnotobiotic Artemia franciscana. Cell Stress Chaperones 2017; 22:377-387. [PMID: 28303510 PMCID: PMC5425368 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-017-0775-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2016] [Revised: 02/05/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Induction of HSP72 is a natural response of stressed organisms that protects against many insults including bacterial diseases in farm (aquatic) animals. It would therefore be of great health benefit to search for natural compounds that are clinically safe yet able to induce HSP72 in animals. The phenolic compound carvacrol, an approved food component, had been shown in in vitro study to act as a co-inducer of HSP72, enhancing HSP72 production only in combination with a bona fide stress compared to the compound alone. However, in vitro model systems do not completely represent an in vivo physiology. Here, using the well-established gnotobiotic Artemia model system, we determined whether carvacrol could induce HSP72 in vivo, whether this putative effect could generate resistance in Artemia against biotic/abiotic stress and also unraveled the mechanism behind the possible HSP72-inducing effect of carvacrol. The gnotobiotic system is crucial for such studies because it avoids the interference of any extraneous factors on host-compound interaction. Here, carvacrol was shown to be a potent HSP72 inducer. Induction of HSP72 was associated with the generation of resistance in Artemia larvae against subsequent lethal heat stress or pathogenic Vibrio harveyi. Our results also provided new insight on the mode of HSP72 inducing action of carvacrol, in which the initial generation of reactive molecule H2O2 by the compound plays a key role. Overall results add new information about the bioactivity of carvacrol and advance our knowledge of this compound as potential prophylactic agent for controlling Vibrio infection in aquaculture animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kartik Baruah
- Laboratory of Aquaculture & Artemia Reference Center, Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Parisa Norouzitallab
- Laboratory of Aquaculture & Artemia Reference Center, Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
- Laboratory of Immunology and Animal Biotechnology, Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Bioscience EngineeringGhent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ho Phuong Pham Duy Phong
- Laboratory of Aquaculture & Artemia Reference Center, Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Guy Smagghe
- Laboratory of Agrozoology, Department of Crop Protection, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Peter Bossier
- Laboratory of Aquaculture & Artemia Reference Center, Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
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