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Ali O, Szabó A. Fumonisin distorts the cellular membrane lipid profile: A mechanistic insight. Toxicology 2024; 506:153860. [PMID: 38871209 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2024.153860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Monitoring modifications in membrane lipids in association with external stimuli/agents, including fumonisins (FUMs), is a widely employed approach to assess cellular metabolic response/status. FUMs are prevalent fusariotoxins worldwide that have diverse structures with varying toxicity across species; nevertheless, they can induce metabolic disturbances and disease, including cancer. The capacity of FUMs to disrupt membrane lipids, demonstrated across numerous species and organs/tissues, is ascribed to a multitude of factors/events, which range from direct to indirect effects. Certain events are well established, whereas the potential consequences of others remain speculative. The most notable effect is their resemblance to sphingoid bases, which impacts the synthesis of ceramides leading to numerous changes in lipids' composition that are not limited to sphingolipids' composition of the membranes. The next plausible scenario involves the induction of oxidative stress, which is considered an indirect/secondary effect of FUMs. Additional modes of action include modifications of enzyme activities and nuclear signals related to lipid metabolism, although these are likely not yet fully comprehended. This review provides in-depth insight into the current state of these events and their potential mechanistic actions in modifying membrane lipids, with a focus on long-chain fatty acids. This paper also presents a detailed description of the reported modifications to membrane lipids by FUMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omeralfaroug Ali
- Agribiotechnology and Precision Breeding for Food Security National Laboratory, Institute of Physiology and Animal Nutrition, Department of Animal Physiology and Health, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Guba Sándor Str. 40, Kaposvár 7400, Hungary.
| | - András Szabó
- Agribiotechnology and Precision Breeding for Food Security National Laboratory, Institute of Physiology and Animal Nutrition, Department of Animal Physiology and Health, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Guba Sándor Str. 40, Kaposvár 7400, Hungary; HUN-REN-MATE Mycotoxins in the Food Chain Research Group, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Guba Sándor Str. 40, Kaposvár 7400, Hungary
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2
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Kuo A, Hla T. Regulation of cellular and systemic sphingolipid homeostasis. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2024:10.1038/s41580-024-00742-y. [PMID: 38890457 DOI: 10.1038/s41580-024-00742-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
One hundred and fifty years ago, Johann Thudichum described sphingolipids as unusual "Sphinx-like" lipids from the brain. Today, we know that thousands of sphingolipid molecules mediate many essential functions in embryonic development and normal physiology. In addition, sphingolipid metabolism and signalling pathways are dysregulated in a wide range of pathologies, and therapeutic agents that target sphingolipids are now used to treat several human diseases. However, our understanding of sphingolipid regulation at cellular and organismal levels and their functions in developmental, physiological and pathological settings is rudimentary. In this Review, we discuss recent advances in sphingolipid pathways in different organelles, how secreted sphingolipid mediators modulate physiology and disease, progress in sphingolipid-targeted therapeutic and diagnostic research, and the trans-cellular sphingolipid metabolic networks between microbiota and mammals. Advances in sphingolipid biology have led to a deeper understanding of mammalian physiology and may lead to progress in the management of many diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Kuo
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Timothy Hla
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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3
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Leahy C, Osborne N, Shirota L, Rote P, Lee YK, Song BJ, Yin L, Zhang Y, Garcia V, Hardwick JP. The fatty acid omega hydroxylase genes (CYP4 family) in the progression of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD): An RNA sequence database analysis and review. Biochem Pharmacol 2024:116241. [PMID: 38697309 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
Fatty acid omega hydroxylase P450s consist of enzymes that hydroxylate various chain-length saturated and unsaturated fatty acids (FAs) and bioactive eicosanoid lipids. The human cytochrome P450 gene 4 family (CYP4) consists of 12 members that are associated with several human diseases. However, their role in the progression of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MASLD) remains largely unknown. It has long been thought that the induction of CYP4 family P450 during fasting and starvation prevents FA-related lipotoxicity through FA metabolism to dicarboxylic acids that are chain-shortened in peroxisomes and then transported to the mitochondria for complete oxidation. Several studies have revealed that peroxisome succinate transported to the mitochondria is used for gluconeogenesis during fasting and starvation, and recent evidence suggests that peroxisome acetate can be utilized for lipogenesis and lipid droplet formation as well as epigenetic modification of gene transcription. In addition, omega hydroxylation of the bioactive eicosanoid arachidonic acid to 20-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (20-HETE) is essential for activating the GPR75 receptor, leading to vasoconstriction and cell proliferation. Several mouse models of diet-induced MASLD have revealed the induction of selective CYP4A members and the suppression of CYP4F during steatosis and steatohepatitis, suggesting a critical metabolic role in the progression of fatty liver disease. Thus, to further investigate the functional roles of CYP4 genes, we analyzed the differential gene expression of 12 members of CYP4 gene family in datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) from patients with steatosis, steatohepatitis, fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. We also observed the differential expression of various CYP4 genes in the progression of MASLD, indicating that different CYP4 members may have unique functional roles in the metabolism of specific FAs and eicosanoids at various stages of fatty liver disease. These results suggest that targeting selective members of the CYP4A family is a viable therapeutic approach for treating and managing MASLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles Leahy
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences Liver focus group, Northeast Ohio Medical University, 4209 State Route 44, Rootstown, OH 44272, USA
| | - Nicholas Osborne
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences Liver focus group, Northeast Ohio Medical University, 4209 State Route 44, Rootstown, OH 44272, USA
| | - Leticia Shirota
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences Liver focus group, Northeast Ohio Medical University, 4209 State Route 44, Rootstown, OH 44272, USA
| | - Paula Rote
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences Liver focus group, Northeast Ohio Medical University, 4209 State Route 44, Rootstown, OH 44272, USA
| | - Yoon-Kwang Lee
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences Liver focus group, Northeast Ohio Medical University, 4209 State Route 44, Rootstown, OH 44272, USA
| | - Byoung-Joon Song
- Section of Molecular Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Liya Yin
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences Liver focus group, Northeast Ohio Medical University, 4209 State Route 44, Rootstown, OH 44272, USA
| | - Yanqiao Zhang
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences Liver focus group, Northeast Ohio Medical University, 4209 State Route 44, Rootstown, OH 44272, USA
| | - Victor Garcia
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, 15 Dana Road Science Building, Rm. 530, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA
| | - James P Hardwick
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences Liver focus group, Northeast Ohio Medical University, 4209 State Route 44, Rootstown, OH 44272, USA.
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4
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Mohassel P, Abdullah M, Eichler FS, Dunn TM. Serine Palmitoyltransferase (SPT)-related Neurodegenerative and Neurodevelopmental Disorders. J Neuromuscul Dis 2024; 11:735-747. [PMID: 38788085 PMCID: PMC11307022 DOI: 10.3233/jnd-240014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Motor neuron diseases and peripheral neuropathies are heterogeneous groups of neurodegenerative disorders that manifest with distinct symptoms due to progressive dysfunction or loss of specific neuronal subpopulations during different stages of development. A few monogenic, neurodegenerative diseases associated with primary metabolic disruptions of sphingolipid biosynthesis have been recently discovered. Sphingolipids are a subclass of lipids that form critical building blocks of all cellular and subcellular organelle membranes including the membrane components of the nervous system cells. They are especially abundant within the lipid portion of myelin. In this review, we will focus on our current understanding of disease phenotypes in three monogenic, neuromuscular diseases associated with pathogenic variants in components of serine palmitoyltransferase, the first step in sphingolipid biosynthesis. These include hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy type 1 (HSAN1), a sensory predominant peripheral neuropathy, and two neurodegenerative disorders: juvenile amyotrophic lateral sclerosis affecting the upper and lower motor neurons with sparing of sensory neurons, and a complicated form of hereditary spastic paraplegia with selective involvement of the upper motor neurons and more broad CNS neurodegeneration. We will also review our current understanding of disease pathomechanisms, therapeutic approaches, and the unanswered questions to explore in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Payam Mohassel
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Meher Abdullah
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Florian S. Eichler
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Teresa M. Dunn
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
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5
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Sanches JM, Zhao LN, Salehi A, Wollheim CB, Kaldis P. Pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes and the impact of altered metabolic interorgan crosstalk. FEBS J 2023; 290:620-648. [PMID: 34847289 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes is a complex and multifactorial disease that affects millions of people worldwide, reducing the quality of life significantly, and results in grave consequences for our health care system. In type 2 diabetes (T2D), the lack of β-cell compensatory mechanisms overcoming peripherally developed insulin resistance is a paramount factor leading to disturbed blood glucose levels and lipid metabolism. Impaired β-cell functions and insulin resistance have been studied extensively resulting in a good understanding of these pathways but much less is known about interorgan crosstalk, which we define as signaling between tissues by secreted factors. Besides hormones and organokines, dysregulated blood glucose and long-lasting hyperglycemia in T2D is associated with changes in metabolism with metabolites from different tissues contributing to the development of this disease. Recent data suggest that metabolites, such as lipids including free fatty acids and amino acids, play important roles in the interorgan crosstalk during the development of T2D. In general, metabolic remodeling affects physiological homeostasis and impacts the development of T2D. Hence, we highlight the importance of metabolic interorgan crosstalk in this review to gain enhanced knowledge of the pathophysiology of T2D, which may lead to new therapeutic approaches to treat this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Li Na Zhao
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Albert Salehi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Claes B Wollheim
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.,Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Philipp Kaldis
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
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6
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Gui T, Chen Q, Li J, Lu K, Li C, Xu B, Chen Y, Men J, Kullak-Ublick GA, Wang W, Gai Z. Astragaloside IV alleviates 1-deoxysphinganine-induced mitochondrial dysfunction during the progression of chronic kidney disease through p62-Nrf2 antioxidant pathway. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1092475. [PMID: 37033627 PMCID: PMC10079923 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1092475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) can lead to significant elevation of 1-deoxysphingolipids (1-deoxySL). The increase of 1-deoxySL in turn can result in mitochondrial damage and oxidative stress, which can cause further progression of CKD. Methods: This study assessed the therapeutic effect of Astragaloside IV (AST) against 1-deoxySL-induced cytotoxicity in vitro and in rats with CKD. HK-2 cells were exposed to 1-deoxysphinganine (doxSA) or doxSA + AST. doxSA-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress were evaluated by immunostaining, real-time PCR, oxidative stress sensor, and transmission electron microscopy. The potential effects of AST on kidney damage were evaluated in a rat 5/6 nephrectomy (5/6 Nx) model of CKD. Results: The findings of in vitro experiments showed that doxSA induced mitochondrial damage, oxidative stress, and apoptosis. AST markedly reduced the level of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species, lowered apoptosis, and improved mitochondrial function. In addition, exposure to AST significantly induced the phosphorylation of p62 and the nuclear translocation of Nrf2 as well as its downstream anti-oxidant genes. p62 knock-down fully abolished Nrf2 nuclear translocation in cells after AST treatment. However, p62 knock-down did not affect TBHQ-induced Nrf2 nuclear translocation, indicating that AST can ameliorate doxSA-induced oxidative stress through modulation of p62 phosphorylation and Nrf2 nuclear translocation. Conclusion: The findings indicate that AST can activate Nrf2 antioxidant pathway in a p62 dependent manner. The anti-oxidative stress effect and the further mitochondrial protective effect of AST represent a promising therapeutic strategy for the progression of CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Gui
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Qingfa Chen
- Research Center of Basic Medicine, Jinan Central Hospital, Jinan, China
- Institute for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Liaocheng University/Liaocheng People’s Hospital, Liaocheng, China
| | - Jiangsong Li
- Department of Urology, Liaocheng People’s Hospital, Liaocheng, China
| | - Ke Lu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Chen Li
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Bin Xu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yang Chen
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Jingwen Men
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Gerd A. Kullak-Ublick
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Mechanistic Safety, CMO and Patient Safety, Global Drug Development, Novartis Pharma, Basel, Switzerland
- *Correspondence: Zhibo Gai, ; Weihua Wang, ; Gerd A. Kullak-Ublick,
| | - Weihua Wang
- The Central Laboratory, Liaocheng People’s Hospital, Liaocheng, China
- *Correspondence: Zhibo Gai, ; Weihua Wang, ; Gerd A. Kullak-Ublick,
| | - Zhibo Gai
- Experimental Center, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Classical Theory, Ministry of Education, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Basic research, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Zhibo Gai, ; Weihua Wang, ; Gerd A. Kullak-Ublick,
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7
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Rausch M, Samodelov SL, Visentin M, Kullak-Ublick GA. The Farnesoid X Receptor as a Master Regulator of Hepatotoxicity. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232213967. [PMID: 36430444 PMCID: PMC9695947 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232213967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The nuclear receptor farnesoid X receptor (FXR, NR1H4) is a bile acid (BA) sensor that links the enterohepatic circuit that regulates BA metabolism and elimination to systemic lipid homeostasis. Furthermore, FXR represents a real guardian of the hepatic function, preserving, in a multifactorial fashion, the integrity and function of hepatocytes from chronic and acute insults. This review summarizes how FXR modulates the expression of pathway-specific as well as polyspecific transporters and enzymes, thereby acting at the interface of BA, lipid and drug metabolism, and influencing the onset and progression of hepatotoxicity of varying etiopathogeneses. Furthermore, this review article provides an overview of the advances and the clinical development of FXR agonists in the treatment of liver diseases.
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8
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Leal AF, Suarez DA, Echeverri-Peña OY, Albarracín SL, Alméciga-Díaz CJ, Espejo-Mojica ÁJ. Sphingolipids and their role in health and disease in the central nervous system. Adv Biol Regul 2022; 85:100900. [PMID: 35870382 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbior.2022.100900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Sphingolipids (SLs) are lipids derived from sphingosine, and their metabolism involves a broad and complex network of reactions. Although SLs are widely distributed in the body, it is well known that they are present in high concentrations within the central nervous system (CNS). Under physiological conditions, their abundance and distribution in the CNS depend on brain development and cell type. Consequently, SLs metabolism impairment may have a significant impact on the normal CNS function, and has been associated with several disorders, including sphingolipidoses, Parkinson's, and Alzheimer's. This review summarizes the main SLs characteristics and current knowledge about synthesis, catabolism, regulatory pathways, and their role in physiological and pathological scenarios in the CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés Felipe Leal
- Institute for the Study of Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Faculty of Science, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá D.C, Colombia
| | - Diego A Suarez
- Institute for the Study of Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Faculty of Science, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá D.C, Colombia
| | - Olga Yaneth Echeverri-Peña
- Institute for the Study of Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Faculty of Science, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá D.C, Colombia
| | - Sonia Luz Albarracín
- Nutrition and Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá D.C, Colombia
| | - Carlos Javier Alméciga-Díaz
- Institute for the Study of Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Faculty of Science, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá D.C, Colombia.
| | - Ángela Johana Espejo-Mojica
- Institute for the Study of Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Faculty of Science, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá D.C, Colombia.
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9
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Thomas JM, Sudhadevi T, Basa P, Ha AW, Natarajan V, Harijith A. The Role of Sphingolipid Signaling in Oxidative Lung Injury and Pathogenesis of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031254. [PMID: 35163176 PMCID: PMC8835774 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Premature infants are born with developing lungs burdened by surfactant deficiency and a dearth of antioxidant defense systems. Survival rate of such infants has significantly improved due to advances in care involving mechanical ventilation and oxygen supplementation. However, a significant subset of such survivors develops the chronic lung disease, Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), characterized by enlarged, simplified alveoli and deformed airways. Among a host of factors contributing to the pathogenesis is oxidative damage induced by exposure of the developing lungs to hyperoxia. Recent data indicate that hyperoxia induces aberrant sphingolipid signaling, leading to mitochondrial dysfunction and abnormal reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation (ROS). The role of sphingolipids such as ceramides and sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P), in the development of BPD emerged in the last decade. Both ceramide and S1P are elevated in tracheal aspirates of premature infants of <32 weeks gestational age developing BPD. This was faithfully reflected in the murine models of hyperoxia and BPD, where there is an increased expression of sphingolipid metabolites both in lung tissue and bronchoalveolar lavage. Treatment of neonatal pups with a sphingosine kinase1 specific inhibitor, PF543, resulted in protection against BPD as neonates, accompanied by improved lung function and reduced airway remodeling as adults. This was accompanied by reduced mitochondrial ROS formation. S1P receptor1 induced by hyperoxia also aggravates BPD, revealing another potential druggable target in this pathway for BPD. In this review we aim to provide a detailed description on the role played by sphingolipid signaling in hyperoxia induced lung injury and BPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaya M. Thomas
- Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (J.M.T.); (T.S.); (P.B.); (A.W.H.)
| | - Tara Sudhadevi
- Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (J.M.T.); (T.S.); (P.B.); (A.W.H.)
| | - Prathima Basa
- Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (J.M.T.); (T.S.); (P.B.); (A.W.H.)
| | - Alison W. Ha
- Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (J.M.T.); (T.S.); (P.B.); (A.W.H.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA
| | - Viswanathan Natarajan
- Department of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA;
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA
| | - Anantha Harijith
- Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (J.M.T.); (T.S.); (P.B.); (A.W.H.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(216)-286-7038
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10
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Wang T, Wang Z, de Fabritus L, Tao J, Saied EM, Lee HJ, Ramazanov BR, Jackson B, Burkhardt D, Parker M, Gleinich AS, Wang Z, Seo DE, Zhou T, Xu S, Alecu I, Azadi P, Arenz C, Hornemann T, Krishnaswamy S, van de Pavert SA, Kaech SM, Ivanova NB, Santori FR. 1-deoxysphingolipids bind to COUP-TF to modulate lymphatic and cardiac cell development. Dev Cell 2021; 56:3128-3145.e15. [PMID: 34762852 PMCID: PMC8628544 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2021.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2020] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Identification of physiological modulators of nuclear hormone receptor (NHR) activity is paramount for understanding the link between metabolism and transcriptional networks that orchestrate development and cellular physiology. Using libraries of metabolic enzymes alongside their substrates and products, we identify 1-deoxysphingosines as modulators of the activity of NR2F1 and 2 (COUP-TFs), which are orphan NHRs that are critical for development of the nervous system, heart, veins, and lymphatic vessels. We show that these non-canonical alanine-based sphingolipids bind to the NR2F1/2 ligand-binding domains (LBDs) and modulate their transcriptional activity in cell-based assays at physiological concentrations. Furthermore, inhibition of sphingolipid biosynthesis phenocopies NR2F1/2 deficiency in endothelium and cardiomyocytes, and increases in 1-deoxysphingosine levels activate NR2F1/2-dependent differentiation programs. Our findings suggest that 1-deoxysphingosines are physiological regulators of NR2F1/2-mediated transcription.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Wang
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Hematology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Basic Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, China; Department of Reproductive Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, China
| | - Lauriane de Fabritus
- Aix-Marseille Universite, CNRS, INSERM, Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy (CIML), 13288 Marseille Cedex 9, France
| | - Jinglian Tao
- Department of Hematology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China; Center for Molecular Medicine, Department of Genetics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Essa M Saied
- Institut für Chemie, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin 12489, Germany; Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Ho-Joon Lee
- Department of Genetics, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Center for Genome Analysis, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Bulat R Ramazanov
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Benjamin Jackson
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Department of Genetics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Daniel Burkhardt
- Department of Genetics, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Mikhail Parker
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Department of Genetics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Anne S Gleinich
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Zhirui Wang
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Dong Eun Seo
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Department of Genetics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Ting Zhou
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Shihao Xu
- NOMIS Center for Immunobiology and Microbial Pathogenesis, the Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Irina Alecu
- Neural Regeneration Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Parastoo Azadi
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Christoph Arenz
- Institut für Chemie, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin 12489, Germany
| | - Thorsten Hornemann
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University and University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich 8091, Switzerland
| | | | - Serge A van de Pavert
- Aix-Marseille Universite, CNRS, INSERM, Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy (CIML), 13288 Marseille Cedex 9, France
| | - Susan M Kaech
- NOMIS Center for Immunobiology and Microbial Pathogenesis, the Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
| | - Natalia B Ivanova
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Department of Genetics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.
| | - Fabio R Santori
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
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11
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Borgmeyer M, Coman C, Has C, Schött HF, Li T, Westhoff P, Cheung YFH, Hoffmann N, Yuanxiang P, Behnisch T, Gomes GM, Dumenieu M, Schweizer M, Chocholoušková M, Holčapek M, Mikhaylova M, Kreutz MR, Ahrends R. Multiomics of synaptic junctions reveals altered lipid metabolism and signaling following environmental enrichment. Cell Rep 2021; 37:109797. [PMID: 34610315 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Membrane lipids and their metabolism have key functions in neurotransmission. Here we provide a quantitative lipid inventory of mouse and rat synaptic junctions. To this end, we developed a multiomics extraction and analysis workflow to probe the interplay of proteins and lipids in synaptic signal transduction from the same sample. Based on this workflow, we generate hypotheses about novel mechanisms underlying complex changes in synaptic connectivity elicited by environmental stimuli. As a proof of principle, this approach reveals that in mice exposed to an enriched environment, reduced endocannabinoid synthesis and signaling is linked to increased surface expression of α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor (AMPAR) in a subset of Cannabinoid-receptor 1 positive synapses. This mechanism regulates synaptic strength in an input-specific manner. Thus, we establish a compartment-specific multiomics workflow that is suitable to extract information from complex lipid and protein networks involved in synaptic function and plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Borgmeyer
- Leibniz Group 'Dendritic Organelles and Synaptic Function,' University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Center for Molecular Neurobiology, ZMNH, 20251 Hamburg, Germany; RG Neuroplasticity, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, 39118 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Cristina Coman
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften-ISAS-e.V., 44227 Dortmund, Germany; Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, 1090 Wien, Austria
| | - Canan Has
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften-ISAS-e.V., 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Hans-Frieder Schött
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften-ISAS-e.V., 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Tingting Li
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften-ISAS-e.V., 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Philipp Westhoff
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften-ISAS-e.V., 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Yam F H Cheung
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften-ISAS-e.V., 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Nils Hoffmann
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften-ISAS-e.V., 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - PingAn Yuanxiang
- RG Neuroplasticity, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, 39118 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Behnisch
- Institutes of Brain Science, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Guilherme M Gomes
- RG Neuroplasticity, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, 39118 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Mael Dumenieu
- RG Neuroplasticity, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, 39118 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Michaela Schweizer
- Morphology and Electron Microscopy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Center for Molecular Neurobiology, ZMNH, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Michaela Chocholoušková
- University of Pardubice, Department of Analytical Chemistry, CZ-532 10 Pardubice, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Holčapek
- University of Pardubice, Department of Analytical Chemistry, CZ-532 10 Pardubice, Czech Republic
| | - Marina Mikhaylova
- Emmy Noether Group 'Neuronal Protein Transport,' University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Center for Molecular Neurobiology, ZMNH, 20251 Hamburg, Germany; AG Optobiology, Institute for Biology, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, 10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael R Kreutz
- Leibniz Group 'Dendritic Organelles and Synaptic Function,' University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Center for Molecular Neurobiology, ZMNH, 20251 Hamburg, Germany; RG Neuroplasticity, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, 39118 Magdeburg, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences, 30120 Magdeburg, Germany.
| | - Robert Ahrends
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften-ISAS-e.V., 44227 Dortmund, Germany; Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, 1090 Wien, Austria.
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12
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Karsai G, Steiner R, Kaech A, Lone MA, von Eckardstein A, Hornemann T. Metabolism of HSAN1- and T2DM-associated 1-deoxy-sphingolipids inhibits the migration of fibroblasts. J Lipid Res 2021; 62:100122. [PMID: 34563520 PMCID: PMC8521209 DOI: 10.1016/j.jlr.2021.100122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Hereditary sensory neuropathy type 1 (HSAN1) is a rare axonopathy, characterized by a progressive loss of sensation (pain, temperature, and vibration), neuropathic pain, and wound healing defects. HSAN1 is caused by several missense mutations in the serine palmitoyltransferase long-chain base subunit 1 and serine palmitoyltransferase long-chain base subunit 2 of the enzyme serine palmitoyltransferase-the key enzyme for the synthesis of sphingolipids. The mutations change the substrate specificity of serine palmitoyltransferase, which then forms an atypical class of 1-deoxy-sphinglipids (1-deoxySLs). Similarly, patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus also present with elevated 1-deoxySLs and a comparable clinical phenotype. The effect of 1-deoxySLs on neuronal cells was investigated in detail, but their impact on other cell types remains elusive. Here, we investigated the consequences of externally added 1-deoxySLs on the migration of fibroblasts in a scratch assay as a simplified cellular wound-healing model. We showed that 1-deoxy-sphinganine (1-deoxySA) inhibits the migration of NIH-3T3 fibroblasts in a dose- and time-dependent manner. This was not seen for a non-native, L-threo stereoisomer. Supplemented 1-deoxySA was metabolized to 1-deoxy-(dihydro)ceramide and downstream to 1-deoxy-sphingosine. Inhibiting downstream metabolism by blocking N-acylation rescued the migration phenotype. In contrast, adding 1-deoxy-sphingosine had a lesser effect on cell migration but caused the massive formation of intracellular vacuoles. Further experiments showed that the effect on cell migration was primarily mediated by 1-deoxy-dihydroceramides rather than by the free base or 1-deoxyceramides. Based on these findings, we suggest that limiting the N-acylation of 1-deoxySA could be a therapeutic approach to improve cell migration and wound healing in patients with HSAN1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gergely Karsai
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Regula Steiner
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Andres Kaech
- Center for Microscopy and Image Analysis, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Museer A Lone
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | | | - Thorsten Hornemann
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.
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13
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Sindhu S, Leung YH, Arefanian H, Madiraju SRM, Al‐Mulla F, Ahmad R, Prentki M. Neutral sphingomyelinase-2 and cardiometabolic diseases. Obes Rev 2021; 22:e13248. [PMID: 33738905 PMCID: PMC8365731 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Sphingolipids, in particular ceramides, play vital role in pathophysiological processes linked to metabolic syndrome, with implications in the development of insulin resistance, pancreatic ß-cell dysfunction, type 2 diabetes, atherosclerosis, inflammation, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, and cancer. Ceramides are produced by the hydrolysis of sphingomyelin, catalyzed by different sphingomyelinases, including neutral sphingomyelinase 2 (nSMase2), whose dysregulation appears to underlie many of the inflammation-related pathologies. In this review, we discuss the current knowledge on the biochemistry of nSMase2 and ceramide production and its regulation by inflammatory cytokines, with particular reference to cardiometabolic diseases. nSMase2 contribution to pathogenic processes appears to involve cyclical feed-forward interaction with proinflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α and IL-1ß, which activate nSMase2 and the production of ceramides, that in turn triggers the synthesis and release of inflammatory cytokines. We elaborate these pathogenic interactions at the molecular level and discuss the potential therapeutic benefits of inhibiting nSMase2 against inflammation-driven cardiometabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sardar Sindhu
- Animal and Imaging core facilityDasman Diabetes InstituteDasmanKuwait
| | - Yat Hei Leung
- Departments of Nutrition, Biochemistry and Molecular MedicineUniversity of MontrealMontréalQuebecCanada
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM)Montreal Diabetes Research CenterMontréalQuebecCanada
| | - Hossein Arefanian
- Immunology and Microbiology DepartmentDasman Diabetes InstituteDasmanKuwait
| | - S. R. Murthy Madiraju
- Departments of Nutrition, Biochemistry and Molecular MedicineUniversity of MontrealMontréalQuebecCanada
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM)Montreal Diabetes Research CenterMontréalQuebecCanada
| | - Fahd Al‐Mulla
- Department of Genetics and BioinformaticsDasman Diabetes InstituteDasmanKuwait
| | - Rasheed Ahmad
- Immunology and Microbiology DepartmentDasman Diabetes InstituteDasmanKuwait
| | - Marc Prentki
- Departments of Nutrition, Biochemistry and Molecular MedicineUniversity of MontrealMontréalQuebecCanada
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM)Montreal Diabetes Research CenterMontréalQuebecCanada
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14
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Lauterbach MA, Saavedra V, Mangan MSJ, Penno A, Thiele C, Latz E, Kuerschner L. 1-Deoxysphingolipids cause autophagosome and lysosome accumulation and trigger NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Autophagy 2021; 17:1947-1961. [PMID: 32835606 PMCID: PMC8386713 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2020.1804677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
1-Deoxysphingolipids (deoxySLs) are atypical sphingolipids of clinical relevance as they are elevated in plasma of patients suffering from hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy (HSAN1) or type 2 diabetes. Their neurotoxicity is described best but they inflict damage to various cell types by an uncertain pathomechanism. Using mouse embryonic fibroblasts and an alkyne analog of 1-deoxysphinganine (doxSA), the metabolic precursor of all deoxySLs, we here study the impact of deoxySLs on macroautophagy/autophagy, the regulated degradation of dysfunctional or expendable cellular components. We find that deoxySLs induce autophagosome and lysosome accumulation indicative of an increase in autophagic flux. The autophagosomal machinery targets damaged mitochondria that have accumulated N-acylated doxSA metabolites, presumably deoxyceramide and deoxydihydroceramide, and show aberrant swelling and tubule formation. Autophagosomes and lysosomes also interact with cellular lipid aggregates and crystals that occur upon cellular uptake and N-acylation of monomeric doxSA. As crystals entering the lysophagosomal apparatus in phagocytes are known to trigger the NLRP3 inflammasome, we also treated macrophages with doxSA. We demonstrate the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome by doxSLs, prompting the release of IL1B from primary macrophages. Taken together, our data establish an impact of doxSLs on autophagy and link doxSL pathophysiology to inflammation and the innate immune system.Abbreviations: alkyne-doxSA: (2S,3R)-2-aminooctadec-17yn-3-ol; alkyne-SA: (2S,3R)-2- aminooctadec-17yn-1,3-diol; aSA: alkyne-sphinganine; ASTM-BODIPY: azido-sulfo-tetramethyl-BODIPY; CerS: ceramide synthase; CMR: clonal macrophage reporter; deoxySLs: 1-deoxysphingolipids; dox(DH)Cer: 1-deoxydihydroceramide; doxCer: 1-deoxyceramide; doxSA: 1-deoxysphinganine; FB1: fumonisin B1; HSAN1: hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy type 1; LC3: MAP1LC3A and MAP1LC3B; LPS: lipopolysaccharide; MEF: mouse embryonal fibroblasts; MS: mass spectrometry; N3635P: azido-STAR635P; N3Cy3: azido-cyanine 3; N3picCy3: azido-picolylcyanine 3; NLRP3: NOD-like receptor pyrin domain containing protein 3; P4HB: prolyl 4-hydroxylase subunit beta; PINK1: PTEN induced putative kinase 1; PYCARD/ASC: PYD and CARD domain containing; SPTLC1: serine palmitoyltransferase long chain base subunit 1; SQSTM1: sequestosome 1; TLC: thin layer chromatography.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Victor Saavedra
- LIMES Life and Medical Sciences Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Matthew S J Mangan
- Institute of Innate Immunity, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Anke Penno
- LIMES Life and Medical Sciences Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Christoph Thiele
- LIMES Life and Medical Sciences Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Eicke Latz
- Institute of Innate Immunity, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, UMass Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Lars Kuerschner
- LIMES Life and Medical Sciences Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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15
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Stereoselective Synthesis of Novel Sphingoid Bases Utilized for Exploring the Secrets of Sphinx. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22158171. [PMID: 34360937 PMCID: PMC8347175 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22158171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Sphingolipids are ubiquitous in eukaryotic plasma membranes and play major roles in human and animal physiology and disease. This class of lipids is usually defined as being derivatives of sphingosine, a long-chain 1,3-dihydroxy-2-amino alcohol. Various pathological conditions such as diabetes or neuropathy have been associated with changes in the sphingolipidome and an increased biosynthesis of structurally altered non-canonical sphingolipid derivatives. These unusual or non-canonical sphingolipids hold great promise as potential diagnostic markers. However, due to their low concentrations and the unavailability of suitable standards, the research to explore the secret of this class of 'Sphinx' lipids is ultimately hampered. Therefore, the development of efficient and facile syntheses of standard compounds is a key endeavor. Here, we present various chemical approaches for stereoselective synthesis and in-depth chemical characterization of a set of novel sphingoid bases which were recently utilized as valuable tools to explore the metabolism and biophysical properties of sphingolipids, but also to develop efficient analytical methods for their detection and quantification.
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16
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Quinville BM, Deschenes NM, Ryckman AE, Walia JS. A Comprehensive Review: Sphingolipid Metabolism and Implications of Disruption in Sphingolipid Homeostasis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22115793. [PMID: 34071409 PMCID: PMC8198874 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Sphingolipids are a specialized group of lipids essential to the composition of the plasma membrane of many cell types; however, they are primarily localized within the nervous system. The amphipathic properties of sphingolipids enable their participation in a variety of intricate metabolic pathways. Sphingoid bases are the building blocks for all sphingolipid derivatives, comprising a complex class of lipids. The biosynthesis and catabolism of these lipids play an integral role in small- and large-scale body functions, including participation in membrane domains and signalling; cell proliferation, death, migration, and invasiveness; inflammation; and central nervous system development. Recently, sphingolipids have become the focus of several fields of research in the medical and biological sciences, as these bioactive lipids have been identified as potent signalling and messenger molecules. Sphingolipids are now being exploited as therapeutic targets for several pathologies. Here we present a comprehensive review of the structure and metabolism of sphingolipids and their many functional roles within the cell. In addition, we highlight the role of sphingolipids in several pathologies, including inflammatory disease, cystic fibrosis, cancer, Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease, and lysosomal storage disorders.
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17
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Santos TCB, Saied EM, Arenz C, Fedorov A, Prieto M, Silva LC. The long chain base unsaturation has a stronger impact on 1-deoxy(methyl)-sphingolipids biophysical properties than the structure of its C1 functional group. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2021; 1863:183628. [PMID: 33915167 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2021.183628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
1-deoxy-sphingolipids, also known as atypical sphingolipids, are directly implicated in the development and progression of hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy type 1 and diabetes type 2. The mechanisms underlying their patho-physiological actions are yet to be elucidated. Accumulating evidence suggests that the biological actions of canonical sphingolipids are triggered by changes promoted on membrane organization and biophysical properties. However, little is known regarding the biophysical implications of atypical sphingolipids. In this study, we performed a comprehensive characterization of the effects of the naturally occurring 1-deoxy-dihydroceramide, 1-deoxy-ceramideΔ14Z and 1-deoxymethyl-ceramideΔ3E in the properties of a fluid membrane. In addition, to better define which structural features determine sphingolipid ability to form ordered domains, the synthetic 1-O-methyl-ceramideΔ4E and 1-deoxy-ceramideΔ4E were also studied. Our results show that natural and synthetic 1-deoxy(methyl)-sphingolipids fail to laterally segregate into ordered domains as efficiently as the canonical C16-ceramide. The impaired ability of atypical sphingolipids to form ordered domains was more dependent on the presence, position, and configuration of the sphingoid base double bond than on the structure of its C1 functional group, due to packing constraints introduced by an unsaturated backbone. Nonetheless, absence of a hydrogen bond donor and acceptor group at the C1 position strongly reduced the capacity of atypical sphingolipids to form gel domains. Altogether, the results showed that 1-deoxy(methyl)-sphingolipids induce unique changes on the biophysical properties of the membranes, suggesting that these alterations might, in part, trigger the patho-biological actions of these lipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania C B Santos
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Prof. Gama Pinto, Ed F, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal; iBB - Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Essa M Saied
- Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Institute for Chemistry, Brook Taylor Str. 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany; Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, The Ring Road km 4.5, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Christoph Arenz
- Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Institute for Chemistry, Brook Taylor Str. 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Aleksander Fedorov
- iBB - Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Manuel Prieto
- iBB - Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Liana C Silva
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Prof. Gama Pinto, Ed F, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal.
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18
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Gui T, Li Y, Zhang S, Alecu I, Chen Q, Zhao Y, Hornemann T, Kullak-Ublick GA, Gai Z. Oxidative stress increases 1-deoxysphingolipid levels in chronic kidney disease. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 164:139-148. [PMID: 33450378 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) leads to deep changes in lipid metabolism and obvious dyslipidemia. The dysregulation of lipid metabolism in turn results in CKD progression and the complications of cardiovascular diseases. To obtain a profound insight into the associated dyslipidemia in CKD, we performed lipidomic analysis to measure lipid metabolites in the serum from a rat 5/6 nephrectomy (5/6 Nx) model of CKD as well as in the serum from CKD patients. HK-2 cells were also used to examine oxidative stress-induced sphingolipid changes. Totally 182 lipid species were identified in 5/6 Nx rats. We found glycerolipids, total free fatty acids, and sphingolipids levels were significantly upregulated in 5/6 Nx rats. The atypical sphingolipids, 1-deoxysphingolipids, were significantly altered in both CKD animals and human CKD patients. The levels of 1-deoxysphingolipids directly relevant to the level of oxidative stress in vivo and in vitro. These results demonstrate that 1-deoxysphingolipid levels are increased in CKD and this increase directly correlates with increased kidney oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Gui
- Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Classical Theory, Ministry of Education, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, PR China
| | - Yunlun Li
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, PR China; The Third Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250000, PR China
| | - Shijun Zhang
- First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, PR China; Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Irina Alecu
- Neural Regeneration Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, UOttawa Brain and Mind Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, Centre for Catalysis and Research Innovation, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Qingfa Chen
- Institute for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Liaocheng University/Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong, PR China
| | - Ying Zhao
- Department of Basic Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Jining Medical University, Jining, PR China
| | - Thorsten Hornemann
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Gerd A Kullak-Ublick
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Mechanistic Safety, CMO & Patient Safety, Global Drug Development, Novartis Pharma, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Zhibo Gai
- Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Classical Theory, Ministry of Education, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, PR China; Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, PR China; Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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19
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Tran D, Myers S, McGowan C, Henstridge D, Eri R, Sonda S, Caruso V. 1-Deoxysphingolipids, Early Predictors of Type 2 Diabetes, Compromise the Functionality of Skeletal Myoblasts. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:772925. [PMID: 35002962 PMCID: PMC8739520 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.772925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic dysfunction, dysregulated differentiation, and atrophy of skeletal muscle occur as part of a cluster of abnormalities associated with the development of Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Recent interest has turned to the attention of the role of 1-deoxysphingolipids (1-DSL), atypical class of sphingolipids which are found significantly elevated in patients diagnosed with T2DM but also in the asymptomatic population who later develop T2DM. In vitro studies demonstrated that 1-DSL have cytotoxic properties and compromise the secretion of insulin from pancreatic beta cells. However, the role of 1-DSL on the functionality of skeletal muscle cells in the pathophysiology of T2DM still remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate whether 1-DSL are cytotoxic and disrupt the cellular processes of skeletal muscle precursors (myoblasts) and differentiated cells (myotubes) by performing a battery of in vitro assays including cell viability adenosine triphosphate assay, migration assay, myoblast fusion assay, glucose uptake assay, and immunocytochemistry. Our results demonstrated that 1-DSL significantly reduced the viability of myoblasts in a concentration and time-dependent manner, and induced apoptosis as well as cellular necrosis. Importantly, myoblasts were more sensitive to the cytotoxic effects induced by 1-DSL rather than by saturated fatty acids, such as palmitate, which are critical mediators of skeletal muscle dysfunction in T2DM. Additionally, 1-DSL significantly reduced the migration ability of myoblasts and the differentiation process of myoblasts into myotubes. 1-DSL also triggered autophagy in myoblasts and significantly reduced insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in myotubes. These findings demonstrate that 1-DSL directly compromise the functionality of skeletal muscle cells and suggest that increased levels of 1-DSL observed during the development of T2DM are likely to contribute to the pathophysiology of muscle dysfunction detected in this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duyen Tran
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
| | - Stephen Myers
- School of Health Science, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Launceston, TAS, Australia
| | - Courtney McGowan
- School of Health Science, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Launceston, TAS, Australia
- Sport Performance Optimization Research Team, School of Health Sciences, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Launceston, TAS, Australia
| | - Darren Henstridge
- School of Health Science, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Launceston, TAS, Australia
| | - Rajaraman Eri
- School of Health Science, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Launceston, TAS, Australia
| | - Sabrina Sonda
- School of Health Science, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Launceston, TAS, Australia
| | - Vanni Caruso
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
- Institute for Research on Pain, Istituto di Formazione e Ricerca in Scienze Algologiche (ISAL) Foundation, Rimini, Italy
- *Correspondence: Vanni Caruso,
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20
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Casasampere M, Izquierdo E, Casas J, Abad JL, Liu X, Xu R, Mao C, Chang YT, Delgado A, Fabrias G. Click and count: specific detection of acid ceramidase activity in live cells. Chem Sci 2020; 11:13044-13051. [PMID: 34094488 PMCID: PMC8163297 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc03166f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of intact cells in medical research offers a number of advantages over employing cell-free systems. In diagnostics, cells isolated from liquid biopsies can be directly used, speeding up the time of analysis and diminishing the risk of protein degradation by sample manipulation. In drug discovery, studies in live cells take into account aspects neglected in cell-free systems, such as uptake, metabolization, and subcellular concentration by compartmentalization of potential drug candidates. Therefore, probes for studies in cellulo are of paramount importance. Acid ceramidase (AC) is a lysosomal enzyme that hydrolyses ceramides into sphingoid bases and fatty acids. The essential role of this enzyme in the outburst and progress of several diseases, some of them still incurable, is well sustained. Despite the great clinical relevance of AC as a biomarker and therapeutic target, the specific monitoring of AC activity in live cells has remained elusive due to the concomitant existence of neutral and alkaline ceramidases. In this work, we report that 1-deoxydihydroceramides are exclusively hydrolysed by AC. Using N-octanoyl-18-azidodeoxysphinganine as a probe and a BODIPY-substituted bicyclononyne, we show the click-reliant predominant staining of lysosomes, with extra-lysosomal labeling also occurring in some cells. Importantly, using pharmacological and genetic tools together with high resolution mass spectrometry, we demonstrate that both lysosomal and extra-lysosomal staining are AC-dependent. These findings are translated into the specific flow cytometry monitoring of AC activity in intact cells, which fills an important gap in the field of diseases linked to altered AC activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mireia Casasampere
- Research Unit on BioActive Molecules, Department of Biological Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC) Jordi Girona 18 08034-Barcelona Spain
| | - Eduardo Izquierdo
- Research Unit on BioActive Molecules, Department of Biological Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC) Jordi Girona 18 08034-Barcelona Spain
| | - Josefina Casas
- Research Unit on BioActive Molecules, Department of Biological Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC) Jordi Girona 18 08034-Barcelona Spain
- Liver and Digestive Diseases Networking Biomedical Research Centre (CIBEREHD), ISCIII 28029 Madrid Spain
| | - José Luís Abad
- Research Unit on BioActive Molecules, Department of Biological Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC) Jordi Girona 18 08034-Barcelona Spain
| | - Xiao Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) Pohang Gyeongbuk 37673 Korea
| | - Ruijuan Xu
- Department of Medicine and Cancer Center, The State University of New York at Stony Brook Room 9M-0834, MART Building, 100 Nicolls Road, Stony Brook NY 11794 USA
| | - Cungui Mao
- Department of Medicine and Cancer Center, The State University of New York at Stony Brook Room 9M-0834, MART Building, 100 Nicolls Road, Stony Brook NY 11794 USA
| | - Young-Tae Chang
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) Pohang Gyeongbuk 37673 Korea
- Center for Self-assembly and Complexity, Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Pohang Gyeongbuk 37673 Korea
| | - Antonio Delgado
- Research Unit on BioActive Molecules, Department of Biological Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC) Jordi Girona 18 08034-Barcelona Spain
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Medicinal Chemistry, Unit of Pharmaceutical Chemistry (Associated Unit to CSIC), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona Avda. Joan XXIII s/n 08028 Barcelona Spain
| | - Gemma Fabrias
- Research Unit on BioActive Molecules, Department of Biological Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC) Jordi Girona 18 08034-Barcelona Spain
- Liver and Digestive Diseases Networking Biomedical Research Centre (CIBEREHD), ISCIII 28029 Madrid Spain
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21
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Chen R, Hornemann T, Štefanić S, Schraner EM, Zuellig R, Reding T, Malagola E, Henstridge DC, Hills AP, Graf R, Sonda S. Serine administration as a novel prophylactic approach to reduce the severity of acute pancreatitis during diabetes in mice. Diabetologia 2020; 63:1885-1899. [PMID: 32385601 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-020-05156-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Compared with the general population, individuals with diabetes have a higher risk of developing severe acute pancreatitis, a highly debilitating and potentially lethal inflammation of the exocrine pancreas. In this study, we investigated whether 1-deoxysphingolipids, atypical lipids that increase in the circulation following the development of diabetes, exacerbate the severity of pancreatitis in a diabetic setting. METHODS We analysed whether administration of an L-serine-enriched diet to mouse models of diabetes, an established method for decreasing the synthesis of 1-deoxysphingolipids in vivo, reduced the severity of acute pancreatitis. Furthermore, we elucidated the molecular mechanisms underlying the lipotoxicity exerted by 1-deoxysphingolipids towards rodent pancreatic acinar cells in vitro. RESULTS We demonstrated that L-serine supplementation reduced the damage of acinar tissue resulting from the induction of pancreatitis in diabetic mice (average histological damage score: 1.5 in L-serine-treated mice vs 2.7 in the control group). At the cellular level, we showed that L-serine decreased the production of reactive oxygen species, endoplasmic reticulum stress and cellular apoptosis in acinar tissue. Importantly, these parameters, together with DNA damage, were triggered in acinar cells upon treatment with 1-deoxysphingolipids in vitro, suggesting that these lipids are cytotoxic towards pancreatic acinar cells in a cell-autonomous manner. In search of the initiating events of the observed cytotoxicity, we discovered that 1-deoxysphingolipids induced early mitochondrial dysfunction in acinar cells, characterised by ultrastructural alterations, impaired oxygen consumption rate and reduced ATP synthesis. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Our results suggest that 1-deoxysphingolipids directly damage the functionality of pancreatic acinar cells and highlight that an L-serine-enriched diet may be used as a promising prophylactic intervention to reduce the severity of pancreatitis in the context of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Chen
- Swiss Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Center, Department of Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Thorsten Hornemann
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Saša Štefanić
- Institute of Parasitology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Elisabeth M Schraner
- Institute of Veterinary Anatomy and Virology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Richard Zuellig
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Clinical Nutrition, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Theresia Reding
- Swiss Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Center, Department of Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ermanno Malagola
- Swiss Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Center, Department of Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Darren C Henstridge
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Launceston, TAS, 7250, Australia
| | - Andrew P Hills
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Launceston, TAS, 7250, Australia
| | - Rolf Graf
- Swiss Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Center, Department of Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sabrina Sonda
- Swiss Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Center, Department of Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
- Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Launceston, TAS, 7250, Australia.
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22
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Becker KA, Uerschels AK, Goins L, Doolen S, McQuerry KJ, Bielawski J, Sure U, Bieberich E, Taylor BK, Gulbins E, Spassieva SD. Role of 1-Deoxysphingolipids in docetaxel neurotoxicity. J Neurochem 2020; 154:662-672. [PMID: 32058598 PMCID: PMC7426245 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.14985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A major dose-limiting side effect of docetaxel chemotherapy is peripheral neuropathy. Patients' symptoms include pain, numbness, tingling and burning sensations, and motor weakness in the extremities. The molecular mechanism is currently not understood, and there are no treatments available. Previously, we have shown an association between neuropathy symptoms of patients treated with paclitaxel and the plasma levels of neurotoxic sphingolipids, the 1-deoxysphingolipids (1-deoxySL) (Kramer et al, FASEB J, 2015). 1-DeoxySL are produced when the first enzyme of the sphingolipid biosynthetic pathway, serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT), uses L-alanine as a substrate instead of its canonical amino acid substrate, L-serine. In the current investigation, we tested whether 1-deoxySL accumulate in the nervous system following systemic docetaxel treatment in mice. In dorsal root ganglia (DRG), we observed that docetaxel (45 mg/kg cumulative dose) significantly elevated the levels of 1-deoxySL and L-serine-derived ceramides, but not sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P). S1P is a bioactive sphingolipid and a ligand for specific G-protein-coupled receptors. In the sciatic nerve, docetaxel decreased 1-deoxySL and ceramides. Moreover, we show that in primary DRG cultures, 1-deoxysphingosine produced neurite swellings that could be reversed with S1P. Our results demonstrate that docetaxel chemotherapy up-regulates sphingolipid metabolism in sensory neurons, leading to the accumulation of neurotoxic 1-deoxySL. We suggest that the neurotoxic effects of 1-deoxySL on axons can be reversed with S1P.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrin Anne Becker
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | | | - Laura Goins
- Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY USA
| | - Suzanne Doolen
- Department of Anesthesiology and Preoperative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, PA USA
| | - Kristen Jean McQuerry
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY USA
| | - Jacek Bielawski
- Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC USA
| | - Ulrich Sure
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Erhard Bieberich
- Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY USA
| | - Bradley K. Taylor
- Department of Anesthesiology and Preoperative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, PA USA
| | - Erich Gulbins
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
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23
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Muthusamy T, Cordes T, Handzlik MK, You L, Lim EW, Gengatharan J, Pinto AFM, Badur MG, Kolar MJ, Wallace M, Saghatelian A, Metallo CM. Serine restriction alters sphingolipid diversity to constrain tumour growth. Nature 2020; 586:790-795. [PMID: 32788725 PMCID: PMC7606299 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2609-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Serine, glycine, and other non-essential amino acids are critical for tumor progression, and strategies to limit their availability are emerging as potential cancer therapies1–3. However, the molecular mechanisms driving this response remain unclear, and the impact on lipid metabolism is relatively unexplored. Serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT) catalyzes the de novo biosynthesis of sphingolipids but also produces non-canonical 1-deoxysphingolipids (doxSLs) when using alanine as a substrate4,5. DoxSLs accumulate in the context of SPTLC1 or SPTLC2 mutations6,7 or low serine availability8,9 to drive neuropathy, and deoxysphinganine (doxSA) has been investigated as an anti-cancer agent10. Here we exploit amino acid metabolism and SPT promiscuity to modulate the endogenous synthesis of toxic doxSLs and slow tumor progression. Anchorage-independent growth reprograms a metabolic network involving serine, alanine, and pyruvate resulting in increased susceptibility to endogenous doxSL synthesis. Targeting the mitochondrial pyruvate carrier (MPC) promotes alanine oxidation to mitigate doxSL synthesis and improves spheroid growth, while direct inhibition of doxSL synthesis drives similar phenotypes. Restriction of dietary serine/glycine potently induces accumulation of doxSLs in xenografts while decreasing tumor growth. Pharmacological modulation of SPT rescues xenograft growth on serine/glycine-restricted diets, while reduction of circulating serine by inhibition of phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PHGDH) leads to doxSL accumulation and mitigates tumor growth. SPT promiscuity therefore links serine and mitochondrial alanine metabolism to membrane lipid diversity, which sensitizes tumors to metabolic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Thekla Cordes
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Michal K Handzlik
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Le You
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Esther W Lim
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jivani Gengatharan
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Antonio F M Pinto
- Mass Spectrometry Core, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Mehmet G Badur
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Matthew J Kolar
- Clayton Foundation Laboratories for Peptide Biology, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Martina Wallace
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Alan Saghatelian
- Clayton Foundation Laboratories for Peptide Biology, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Christian M Metallo
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA. .,Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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24
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Kirschbaum C, Saied EM, Greis K, Mucha E, Gewinner S, Schöllkopf W, Meijer G, Helden G, Poad BLJ, Blanksby SJ, Arenz C, Pagel K. Unterscheidung von isomeren Sphingolipiden mittels kryogener Infrarotspektroskopie. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202002459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carla Kirschbaum
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie Freie Universität Berlin Arnimallee 22 14195 Berlin Deutschland
- Abteilung Molekülphysik Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft Faradayweg 4–6 14195 Berlin Deutschland
| | - Essa M. Saied
- Institut für Chemie Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin Brook-Taylor-Straße 2 12489 Berlin Deutschland
- Chemistry Department Faculty of Science Suez Canal University Ismailia Ägypten
| | - Kim Greis
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie Freie Universität Berlin Arnimallee 22 14195 Berlin Deutschland
- Abteilung Molekülphysik Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft Faradayweg 4–6 14195 Berlin Deutschland
| | - Eike Mucha
- Abteilung Molekülphysik Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft Faradayweg 4–6 14195 Berlin Deutschland
| | - Sandy Gewinner
- Abteilung Molekülphysik Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft Faradayweg 4–6 14195 Berlin Deutschland
| | - Wieland Schöllkopf
- Abteilung Molekülphysik Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft Faradayweg 4–6 14195 Berlin Deutschland
| | - Gerard Meijer
- Abteilung Molekülphysik Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft Faradayweg 4–6 14195 Berlin Deutschland
| | - Gert Helden
- Abteilung Molekülphysik Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft Faradayweg 4–6 14195 Berlin Deutschland
| | - Berwyck L. J. Poad
- Central Analytical Research Facility Institute for Future Environments Queensland University of Technology Brisbane QLD 4000 Australien
| | - Stephen J. Blanksby
- Central Analytical Research Facility Institute for Future Environments Queensland University of Technology Brisbane QLD 4000 Australien
| | - Christoph Arenz
- Institut für Chemie Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin Brook-Taylor-Straße 2 12489 Berlin Deutschland
| | - Kevin Pagel
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie Freie Universität Berlin Arnimallee 22 14195 Berlin Deutschland
- Abteilung Molekülphysik Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft Faradayweg 4–6 14195 Berlin Deutschland
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25
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Santos TCB, Vaz A, Ventura AE, M Saied E, Arenz C, Fedorov A, Prieto M, Silva LC. Canonical and 1-Deoxy(methyl) Sphingoid Bases: Tackling the Effect of the Lipid Structure on Membrane Biophysical Properties. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:6007-6016. [PMID: 32369370 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c01000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Compared to the canonical sphingoid backbone of sphingolipids (SLs), atypical long-chain bases (LCBs) lack C1-OH (1-deoxy-LCBs) or C1-CH2OH (1-deoxymethyl-LCBs). In addition, when unsaturated, they present a cis-double bond instead of the canonical Δ4-5 trans-double bond. These atypical LCBs are directly correlated with the development and progression of hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy type 1 and diabetes type II through yet unknown mechanisms. Changes in membrane properties have been linked to the biological actions of SLs. However, little is known about the influence of the LCB structure, particularly 1-deoxy(methyl)-LCB, on lipid-lipid interactions and their effect on membrane properties. To address this question, we used complementary fluorescence-based methodologies to study membrane model systems containing POPC and the different LCBs of interest. Our results show that 1-deoxymethyl-LCBs have the highest ability to reduce the fluidity of the membrane, while the intermolecular interactions of 1-deoxy-LCBs were found to be weaker, leading to the formation of less-ordered domains compared to their canonical counterparts-sphinganine and sphingosine. Furthermore, while the presence of a trans-double bond at the Δ4-5 position of the LCB increased the fluidity of the membrane compared to a saturated LCB, a cis-double bond completely disrupted the ability of the LCB to segregate into ordered domains. In conclusion, even small changes on the structure of the LCB, as seen in 1-deoxy(methyl)-LCBs, strongly affects lipid-lipid interactions and membrane fluidity. These results provide evidence that altered balance between species with different LCBs affect membrane properties and may contribute to the pathobiological role of these lipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania C B Santos
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon 1649-003, Portugal
- iBB-Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa 1049-001, Portugal
| | - Alexandra Vaz
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon 1649-003, Portugal
| | - Ana E Ventura
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon 1649-003, Portugal
- iBB-Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa 1049-001, Portugal
| | - Essa M Saied
- Institute for Chemistry, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin 12489, Germany
- Faculty of Science, Chemistry Department, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Christoph Arenz
- Institute for Chemistry, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin 12489, Germany
| | - Aleksander Fedorov
- iBB-Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa 1049-001, Portugal
| | - Manuel Prieto
- iBB-Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa 1049-001, Portugal
| | - Liana C Silva
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon 1649-003, Portugal
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26
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Kirschbaum C, Saied EM, Greis K, Mucha E, Gewinner S, Schöllkopf W, Meijer G, von Helden G, Poad BLJ, Blanksby SJ, Arenz C, Pagel K. Resolving Sphingolipid Isomers Using Cryogenic Infrared Spectroscopy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:13638-13642. [PMID: 32291895 PMCID: PMC7496694 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202002459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
1‐Deoxysphingolipids are a recently described class of sphingolipids that have been shown to be associated with several disease states including diabetic and hereditary neuropathy. The identification and characterization of 1‐deoxysphingolipids and their metabolites is therefore highly important. However, exact structure determination requires a combination of sophisticated analytical techniques due to the presence of various isomers, such as ketone/alkenol isomers, carbon–carbon double‐bond (C=C) isomers and hydroxylation regioisomers. Here we demonstrate that cryogenic gas‐phase infrared (IR) spectroscopy of ionized 1‐deoxysphingolipids enables the identification and differentiation of isomers by their unique spectroscopic fingerprints. In particular, C=C bond positions and stereochemical configurations can be distinguished by specific interactions between the charged amine and the double bond. The results demonstrate the power of gas‐phase IR spectroscopy to overcome the challenge of isomer resolution in conventional mass spectrometry and pave the way for deeper analysis of the lipidome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Kirschbaum
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 22, 14195, Berlin, Germany.,Abteilung Molekülphysik, Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Essa M Saied
- Institut für Chemie, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Straße 2, 12489, Berlin, Germany.,Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Kim Greis
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 22, 14195, Berlin, Germany.,Abteilung Molekülphysik, Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Eike Mucha
- Abteilung Molekülphysik, Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sandy Gewinner
- Abteilung Molekülphysik, Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Wieland Schöllkopf
- Abteilung Molekülphysik, Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Gerard Meijer
- Abteilung Molekülphysik, Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Gert von Helden
- Abteilung Molekülphysik, Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Berwyck L J Poad
- Central Analytical Research Facility, Institute for Future Environments, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
| | - Stephen J Blanksby
- Central Analytical Research Facility, Institute for Future Environments, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
| | - Christoph Arenz
- Institut für Chemie, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Straße 2, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Kevin Pagel
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 22, 14195, Berlin, Germany.,Abteilung Molekülphysik, Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195, Berlin, Germany
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27
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Gai Z, Gui T, Alecu I, Lone MA, Hornemann T, Chen Q, Visentin M, Hiller C, Hausler S, Kullak-Ublick GA. Farnesoid X receptor activation induces the degradation of hepatotoxic 1-deoxysphingolipids in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Liver Int 2020; 40:844-859. [PMID: 31883408 DOI: 10.1111/liv.14340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) exhibit higher levels of plasma 1-deoxysphingolipids than healthy individuals. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of farnesoid X receptor (FXR) in 1-deoxysphingolipid de novo synthesis and degradation. METHODS Mice were fed with a high-fat diet (HFD) to induce obesity and NAFLD, and then treated with the FXR ligand obeticholic acid (OCA). Histology and gene expression analysis were performed on liver tissue. Sphingolipid patterns from NAFLD patients and mouse models were assessed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. The molecular mechanism underlying the effect of FXR activation on sphingolipid metabolism was studied in Huh7 cells and primary cultured hepatocytes, as well as in a 1-deoxysphinganine-treated mouse model. RESULTS 1-deoxysphingolipids were increased in both NAFLD patients and mouse models. FXR activation by OCA protected the liver against oxidative stress, apoptosis, and reduced 1-deoxysphingolipid levels, both in a HFD-induced mouse model of obesity and in 1-deoxysphinganine-treated mice. In vitro, FXR activation lowered intracellular 1-deoxysphingolipid levels by inducing Cyp4f-mediated degradation, but not by inhibiting de novo synthesis, thereby protecting hepatocytes against doxSA-induced cytotoxicity, mitochondrial damage, and apoptosis. Overexpression of Cyp4f13 in cells was sufficient to ameliorate doxSA-induced cytotoxicity. Treatment with the Cyp4f pan-inhibitor HET0016 or FXR knock-down fully abolished the protective effect of OCA, indicating that OCA-mediated 1-deoxysphingolipid degradation is FXR and Cyp4f dependent. CONCLUSIONS Our study identifies FXR-Cyp4f as a novel regulatory pathway for 1-deoxysphingolipid metabolism. FXR activation represents a promising therapeutic strategy for patients with metabolic syndrome and NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhibo Gai
- Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Classical Theory, Ministry of Education, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China.,Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ting Gui
- Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Classical Theory, Ministry of Education, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Irina Alecu
- Neural Regeneration Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, uOttawa Brain and Mind Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, Centre for Catalysis and Research Innovation, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Museer A Lone
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Thorsten Hornemann
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Qingfa Chen
- The Institute for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, The Liaocheng University/Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, China
| | - Michele Visentin
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Christian Hiller
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Stephanie Hausler
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Gerd A Kullak-Ublick
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Mechanistic Safety, CMO & Patient Safety, Global Drug Development, Novartis Pharma, Basel, Switzerland
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Karsai G, Lone M, Kutalik Z, Brenna JT, Li H, Pan D, von Eckardstein A, Hornemann T. FADS3 is a Δ14Z sphingoid base desaturase that contributes to gender differences in the human plasma sphingolipidome. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:1889-1897. [PMID: 31862735 PMCID: PMC7029104 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ac119.011883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Sphingolipids (SLs) are structurally diverse lipids that are defined by the presence of a long-chain base (LCB) backbone. Typically, LCBs contain a single Δ4E double bond (DB) (mostly d18:1), whereas the dienic LCB sphingadienine (d18:2) contains a second DB at the Δ14Z position. The enzyme introducing the Δ14Z DB is unknown. We analyzed the LCB plasma profile in a gender-, age-, and BMI-matched subgroup of the CoLaus cohort (n = 658). Sphingadienine levels showed a significant association with gender, being on average ∼30% higher in females. A genome-wide association study (GWAS) revealed variants in the fatty acid desaturase 3 (FADS3) gene to be significantly associated with the plasma d18:2/d18:1 ratio (p = -log 7.9). Metabolic labeling assays, FADS3 overexpression and knockdown approaches, and plasma LCB profiling in FADS3-deficient mice confirmed that FADS3 is a bona fide LCB desaturase and required for the introduction of the Δ14Z double bond. Moreover, we showed that FADS3 is required for the conversion of the atypical cytotoxic 1-deoxysphinganine (1-deoxySA, m18:0) to 1-deoxysphingosine (1-deoxySO, m18:1). HEK293 cells overexpressing FADS3 were more resistant to m18:0 toxicity than WT cells. In summary, using a combination of metabolic profiling and GWAS, we identified FADS3 to be essential for forming Δ14Z DB containing LCBs, such as d18:2 and m18:1. Our results unravel FADS3 as a Δ14Z LCB desaturase, thereby disclosing the last missing enzyme of the SL de novo synthesis pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gergely Karsai
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital and University Zurich, 8091 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Museer Lone
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital and University Zurich, 8091 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Zoltán Kutalik
- University Center for Primary Care and Public Health, University of Lausanne, 1010 Lausanne, Switzerland; Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - J Thomas Brenna
- Dell Pediatric Research Institute, Departments of Chemistry, Pediatrics, and Nutrition, University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78723
| | - Hongde Li
- Department of Physiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390
| | - Duojia Pan
- Department of Physiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390
| | - Arnold von Eckardstein
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital and University Zurich, 8091 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Thorsten Hornemann
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital and University Zurich, 8091 Zürich, Switzerland.
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29
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Wan J, Li J, Bandyopadhyay S, Kelly SL, Xiang Y, Zhang J, Merrill AH, Duan J. Analysis of 1-Deoxysphingoid Bases and Their N-Acyl Metabolites and Exploration of Their Occurrence in Some Food Materials. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:12953-12961. [PMID: 31638789 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b05708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Most common sphingolipids are comprised of "typical" sphingoid bases (sphinganine, sphingosine, and structurally related compounds) and are produced via the condensation of l-serine with a fatty acyl-CoA by serine palmitoyltransferase. Some organisms, including mammals, also produce "atypical" sphingoid bases that lack a 1-hydroxyl group as a result of the utilization of l-alanine or glycine instead of l-serine, resulting in the formation of 1-deoxy- or 1-desoxymethylsphingoid bases, respectively. Elevated production of "atypical" sphingolipids has been associated with human disease, but 1-deoxysphingoid bases have also been found to have potential as anticancer compounds, hence, the importance of knowing more about the occurrence of these compounds in food. Most of the "typical" and "atypical" sphingoid bases are found as the N-acyl metabolites (e.g., ceramides and 1-deoxyceramides) in mammals, but this has not been uniformly assessed in previous studies nor determined in consumed food. Therefore, we developed a method for the quantitative analysis of "typical" and "atypical" sphingoid bases and their N-acyl derivatives by reverse-phase liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. On the basis of these analyses, there was considerable variability in the amounts and molecular subspecies of atypical sphingoid bases and their N-acyl metabolites found in different edible sources. These findings demonstrate that a broader assessment of the types of sphingolipids in foods is needed because some diets might contain sufficient amounts of atypical as well as typical sphingolipids that could have beneficial or possibly deleterious effects on human health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jian Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Ganan Medical University , Ganzhou , Jiangxi 341000 , People's Republic of China
| | - Sibali Bandyopadhyay
- Schools of Biological Sciences and the Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience , Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta , Georgia 30332 , United States
| | - Samuel L Kelly
- Schools of Biological Sciences and the Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience , Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta , Georgia 30332 , United States
| | | | | | - Alfred H Merrill
- Schools of Biological Sciences and the Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience , Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta , Georgia 30332 , United States
| | - Jingjing Duan
- Schools of Biological Sciences and the Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience , Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta , Georgia 30332 , United States
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30
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Gantner ML, Eade K, Wallace M, Handzlik MK, Fallon R, Trombley J, Bonelli R, Giles S, Harkins-Perry S, Heeren TFC, Sauer L, Ideguchi Y, Baldini M, Scheppke L, Dorrell MI, Kitano M, Hart BJ, Cai C, Nagasaki T, Badur MG, Okada M, Woods SM, Egan C, Gillies M, Guymer R, Eichler F, Bahlo M, Fruttiger M, Allikmets R, Bernstein PS, Metallo CM, Friedlander M. Serine and Lipid Metabolism in Macular Disease and Peripheral Neuropathy. N Engl J Med 2019; 381:1422-1433. [PMID: 31509666 PMCID: PMC7685488 DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa1815111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Identifying mechanisms of diseases with complex inheritance patterns, such as macular telangiectasia type 2, is challenging. A link between macular telangiectasia type 2 and altered serine metabolism has been established previously. METHODS Through exome sequence analysis of a patient with macular telangiectasia type 2 and his family members, we identified a variant in SPTLC1 encoding a subunit of serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT). Because mutations affecting SPT are known to cause hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy type 1 (HSAN1), we examined 10 additional persons with HSAN1 for ophthalmologic disease. We assayed serum amino acid and sphingoid base levels, including levels of deoxysphingolipids, in patients who had macular telangiectasia type 2 but did not have HSAN1 or pathogenic variants affecting SPT. We characterized mice with low serine levels and tested the effects of deoxysphingolipids on human retinal organoids. RESULTS Two variants known to cause HSAN1 were identified as causal for macular telangiectasia type 2: of 11 patients with HSAN1, 9 also had macular telangiectasia type 2. Circulating deoxysphingolipid levels were 84.2% higher among 125 patients with macular telangiectasia type 2 who did not have pathogenic variants affecting SPT than among 94 unaffected controls. Deoxysphingolipid levels were negatively correlated with serine levels, which were 20.6% lower than among controls. Reduction of serine levels in mice led to increases in levels of retinal deoxysphingolipids and compromised visual function. Deoxysphingolipids caused photoreceptor-cell death in retinal organoids, but not in the presence of regulators of lipid metabolism. CONCLUSIONS Elevated levels of atypical deoxysphingolipids, caused by variant SPTLC1 or SPTLC2 or by low serine levels, were risk factors for macular telangiectasia type 2, as well as for peripheral neuropathy. (Funded by the Lowy Medical Research Institute and others.).
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Affiliation(s)
- Marin L Gantner
- From the Lowy Medical Research Institute (M.L.G., K.E., R.F., J.T., S.G., S.H.-P., Y.I., L. Scheppke, M.I.D., M.K., M. Friedlander), University of California, San Diego (M.W., M.K.H., M. Baldini, M.G.B., C.M.M.), Scripps Research Institute (S.H.-P., Y.I., M.K., M. Friedlander), and Scripps Clinic Medical Group (M. Friedlander), La Jolla, and Point Loma Nazarene University, San Diego (M.I.D.) - all in California; Moran Eye Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (L. Sauer, B.J.H., P.S.B.); Moorfields Eye Hospital (T.F.C.H., C.E.) and University College London Institute of Ophthalmology (S.M.W., M. Fruttiger), London; Columbia University, New York (C.C., T.N., R.A.); Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC (R.B., M. Bahlo), Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital (M.O.) and University of Melbourne Centre for Eye Research (R.G.), Melbourne, VIC, and the Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney (M.G.) - all in Australia; and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (F.E.)
| | - Kevin Eade
- From the Lowy Medical Research Institute (M.L.G., K.E., R.F., J.T., S.G., S.H.-P., Y.I., L. Scheppke, M.I.D., M.K., M. Friedlander), University of California, San Diego (M.W., M.K.H., M. Baldini, M.G.B., C.M.M.), Scripps Research Institute (S.H.-P., Y.I., M.K., M. Friedlander), and Scripps Clinic Medical Group (M. Friedlander), La Jolla, and Point Loma Nazarene University, San Diego (M.I.D.) - all in California; Moran Eye Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (L. Sauer, B.J.H., P.S.B.); Moorfields Eye Hospital (T.F.C.H., C.E.) and University College London Institute of Ophthalmology (S.M.W., M. Fruttiger), London; Columbia University, New York (C.C., T.N., R.A.); Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC (R.B., M. Bahlo), Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital (M.O.) and University of Melbourne Centre for Eye Research (R.G.), Melbourne, VIC, and the Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney (M.G.) - all in Australia; and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (F.E.)
| | - Martina Wallace
- From the Lowy Medical Research Institute (M.L.G., K.E., R.F., J.T., S.G., S.H.-P., Y.I., L. Scheppke, M.I.D., M.K., M. Friedlander), University of California, San Diego (M.W., M.K.H., M. Baldini, M.G.B., C.M.M.), Scripps Research Institute (S.H.-P., Y.I., M.K., M. Friedlander), and Scripps Clinic Medical Group (M. Friedlander), La Jolla, and Point Loma Nazarene University, San Diego (M.I.D.) - all in California; Moran Eye Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (L. Sauer, B.J.H., P.S.B.); Moorfields Eye Hospital (T.F.C.H., C.E.) and University College London Institute of Ophthalmology (S.M.W., M. Fruttiger), London; Columbia University, New York (C.C., T.N., R.A.); Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC (R.B., M. Bahlo), Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital (M.O.) and University of Melbourne Centre for Eye Research (R.G.), Melbourne, VIC, and the Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney (M.G.) - all in Australia; and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (F.E.)
| | - Michal K Handzlik
- From the Lowy Medical Research Institute (M.L.G., K.E., R.F., J.T., S.G., S.H.-P., Y.I., L. Scheppke, M.I.D., M.K., M. Friedlander), University of California, San Diego (M.W., M.K.H., M. Baldini, M.G.B., C.M.M.), Scripps Research Institute (S.H.-P., Y.I., M.K., M. Friedlander), and Scripps Clinic Medical Group (M. Friedlander), La Jolla, and Point Loma Nazarene University, San Diego (M.I.D.) - all in California; Moran Eye Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (L. Sauer, B.J.H., P.S.B.); Moorfields Eye Hospital (T.F.C.H., C.E.) and University College London Institute of Ophthalmology (S.M.W., M. Fruttiger), London; Columbia University, New York (C.C., T.N., R.A.); Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC (R.B., M. Bahlo), Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital (M.O.) and University of Melbourne Centre for Eye Research (R.G.), Melbourne, VIC, and the Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney (M.G.) - all in Australia; and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (F.E.)
| | - Regis Fallon
- From the Lowy Medical Research Institute (M.L.G., K.E., R.F., J.T., S.G., S.H.-P., Y.I., L. Scheppke, M.I.D., M.K., M. Friedlander), University of California, San Diego (M.W., M.K.H., M. Baldini, M.G.B., C.M.M.), Scripps Research Institute (S.H.-P., Y.I., M.K., M. Friedlander), and Scripps Clinic Medical Group (M. Friedlander), La Jolla, and Point Loma Nazarene University, San Diego (M.I.D.) - all in California; Moran Eye Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (L. Sauer, B.J.H., P.S.B.); Moorfields Eye Hospital (T.F.C.H., C.E.) and University College London Institute of Ophthalmology (S.M.W., M. Fruttiger), London; Columbia University, New York (C.C., T.N., R.A.); Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC (R.B., M. Bahlo), Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital (M.O.) and University of Melbourne Centre for Eye Research (R.G.), Melbourne, VIC, and the Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney (M.G.) - all in Australia; and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (F.E.)
| | - Jennifer Trombley
- From the Lowy Medical Research Institute (M.L.G., K.E., R.F., J.T., S.G., S.H.-P., Y.I., L. Scheppke, M.I.D., M.K., M. Friedlander), University of California, San Diego (M.W., M.K.H., M. Baldini, M.G.B., C.M.M.), Scripps Research Institute (S.H.-P., Y.I., M.K., M. Friedlander), and Scripps Clinic Medical Group (M. Friedlander), La Jolla, and Point Loma Nazarene University, San Diego (M.I.D.) - all in California; Moran Eye Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (L. Sauer, B.J.H., P.S.B.); Moorfields Eye Hospital (T.F.C.H., C.E.) and University College London Institute of Ophthalmology (S.M.W., M. Fruttiger), London; Columbia University, New York (C.C., T.N., R.A.); Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC (R.B., M. Bahlo), Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital (M.O.) and University of Melbourne Centre for Eye Research (R.G.), Melbourne, VIC, and the Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney (M.G.) - all in Australia; and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (F.E.)
| | - Roberto Bonelli
- From the Lowy Medical Research Institute (M.L.G., K.E., R.F., J.T., S.G., S.H.-P., Y.I., L. Scheppke, M.I.D., M.K., M. Friedlander), University of California, San Diego (M.W., M.K.H., M. Baldini, M.G.B., C.M.M.), Scripps Research Institute (S.H.-P., Y.I., M.K., M. Friedlander), and Scripps Clinic Medical Group (M. Friedlander), La Jolla, and Point Loma Nazarene University, San Diego (M.I.D.) - all in California; Moran Eye Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (L. Sauer, B.J.H., P.S.B.); Moorfields Eye Hospital (T.F.C.H., C.E.) and University College London Institute of Ophthalmology (S.M.W., M. Fruttiger), London; Columbia University, New York (C.C., T.N., R.A.); Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC (R.B., M. Bahlo), Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital (M.O.) and University of Melbourne Centre for Eye Research (R.G.), Melbourne, VIC, and the Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney (M.G.) - all in Australia; and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (F.E.)
| | - Sarah Giles
- From the Lowy Medical Research Institute (M.L.G., K.E., R.F., J.T., S.G., S.H.-P., Y.I., L. Scheppke, M.I.D., M.K., M. Friedlander), University of California, San Diego (M.W., M.K.H., M. Baldini, M.G.B., C.M.M.), Scripps Research Institute (S.H.-P., Y.I., M.K., M. Friedlander), and Scripps Clinic Medical Group (M. Friedlander), La Jolla, and Point Loma Nazarene University, San Diego (M.I.D.) - all in California; Moran Eye Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (L. Sauer, B.J.H., P.S.B.); Moorfields Eye Hospital (T.F.C.H., C.E.) and University College London Institute of Ophthalmology (S.M.W., M. Fruttiger), London; Columbia University, New York (C.C., T.N., R.A.); Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC (R.B., M. Bahlo), Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital (M.O.) and University of Melbourne Centre for Eye Research (R.G.), Melbourne, VIC, and the Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney (M.G.) - all in Australia; and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (F.E.)
| | - Sarah Harkins-Perry
- From the Lowy Medical Research Institute (M.L.G., K.E., R.F., J.T., S.G., S.H.-P., Y.I., L. Scheppke, M.I.D., M.K., M. Friedlander), University of California, San Diego (M.W., M.K.H., M. Baldini, M.G.B., C.M.M.), Scripps Research Institute (S.H.-P., Y.I., M.K., M. Friedlander), and Scripps Clinic Medical Group (M. Friedlander), La Jolla, and Point Loma Nazarene University, San Diego (M.I.D.) - all in California; Moran Eye Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (L. Sauer, B.J.H., P.S.B.); Moorfields Eye Hospital (T.F.C.H., C.E.) and University College London Institute of Ophthalmology (S.M.W., M. Fruttiger), London; Columbia University, New York (C.C., T.N., R.A.); Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC (R.B., M. Bahlo), Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital (M.O.) and University of Melbourne Centre for Eye Research (R.G.), Melbourne, VIC, and the Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney (M.G.) - all in Australia; and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (F.E.)
| | - Tjebo F C Heeren
- From the Lowy Medical Research Institute (M.L.G., K.E., R.F., J.T., S.G., S.H.-P., Y.I., L. Scheppke, M.I.D., M.K., M. Friedlander), University of California, San Diego (M.W., M.K.H., M. Baldini, M.G.B., C.M.M.), Scripps Research Institute (S.H.-P., Y.I., M.K., M. Friedlander), and Scripps Clinic Medical Group (M. Friedlander), La Jolla, and Point Loma Nazarene University, San Diego (M.I.D.) - all in California; Moran Eye Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (L. Sauer, B.J.H., P.S.B.); Moorfields Eye Hospital (T.F.C.H., C.E.) and University College London Institute of Ophthalmology (S.M.W., M. Fruttiger), London; Columbia University, New York (C.C., T.N., R.A.); Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC (R.B., M. Bahlo), Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital (M.O.) and University of Melbourne Centre for Eye Research (R.G.), Melbourne, VIC, and the Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney (M.G.) - all in Australia; and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (F.E.)
| | - Lydia Sauer
- From the Lowy Medical Research Institute (M.L.G., K.E., R.F., J.T., S.G., S.H.-P., Y.I., L. Scheppke, M.I.D., M.K., M. Friedlander), University of California, San Diego (M.W., M.K.H., M. Baldini, M.G.B., C.M.M.), Scripps Research Institute (S.H.-P., Y.I., M.K., M. Friedlander), and Scripps Clinic Medical Group (M. Friedlander), La Jolla, and Point Loma Nazarene University, San Diego (M.I.D.) - all in California; Moran Eye Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (L. Sauer, B.J.H., P.S.B.); Moorfields Eye Hospital (T.F.C.H., C.E.) and University College London Institute of Ophthalmology (S.M.W., M. Fruttiger), London; Columbia University, New York (C.C., T.N., R.A.); Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC (R.B., M. Bahlo), Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital (M.O.) and University of Melbourne Centre for Eye Research (R.G.), Melbourne, VIC, and the Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney (M.G.) - all in Australia; and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (F.E.)
| | - Yoichiro Ideguchi
- From the Lowy Medical Research Institute (M.L.G., K.E., R.F., J.T., S.G., S.H.-P., Y.I., L. Scheppke, M.I.D., M.K., M. Friedlander), University of California, San Diego (M.W., M.K.H., M. Baldini, M.G.B., C.M.M.), Scripps Research Institute (S.H.-P., Y.I., M.K., M. Friedlander), and Scripps Clinic Medical Group (M. Friedlander), La Jolla, and Point Loma Nazarene University, San Diego (M.I.D.) - all in California; Moran Eye Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (L. Sauer, B.J.H., P.S.B.); Moorfields Eye Hospital (T.F.C.H., C.E.) and University College London Institute of Ophthalmology (S.M.W., M. Fruttiger), London; Columbia University, New York (C.C., T.N., R.A.); Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC (R.B., M. Bahlo), Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital (M.O.) and University of Melbourne Centre for Eye Research (R.G.), Melbourne, VIC, and the Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney (M.G.) - all in Australia; and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (F.E.)
| | - Michelle Baldini
- From the Lowy Medical Research Institute (M.L.G., K.E., R.F., J.T., S.G., S.H.-P., Y.I., L. Scheppke, M.I.D., M.K., M. Friedlander), University of California, San Diego (M.W., M.K.H., M. Baldini, M.G.B., C.M.M.), Scripps Research Institute (S.H.-P., Y.I., M.K., M. Friedlander), and Scripps Clinic Medical Group (M. Friedlander), La Jolla, and Point Loma Nazarene University, San Diego (M.I.D.) - all in California; Moran Eye Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (L. Sauer, B.J.H., P.S.B.); Moorfields Eye Hospital (T.F.C.H., C.E.) and University College London Institute of Ophthalmology (S.M.W., M. Fruttiger), London; Columbia University, New York (C.C., T.N., R.A.); Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC (R.B., M. Bahlo), Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital (M.O.) and University of Melbourne Centre for Eye Research (R.G.), Melbourne, VIC, and the Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney (M.G.) - all in Australia; and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (F.E.)
| | - Lea Scheppke
- From the Lowy Medical Research Institute (M.L.G., K.E., R.F., J.T., S.G., S.H.-P., Y.I., L. Scheppke, M.I.D., M.K., M. Friedlander), University of California, San Diego (M.W., M.K.H., M. Baldini, M.G.B., C.M.M.), Scripps Research Institute (S.H.-P., Y.I., M.K., M. Friedlander), and Scripps Clinic Medical Group (M. Friedlander), La Jolla, and Point Loma Nazarene University, San Diego (M.I.D.) - all in California; Moran Eye Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (L. Sauer, B.J.H., P.S.B.); Moorfields Eye Hospital (T.F.C.H., C.E.) and University College London Institute of Ophthalmology (S.M.W., M. Fruttiger), London; Columbia University, New York (C.C., T.N., R.A.); Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC (R.B., M. Bahlo), Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital (M.O.) and University of Melbourne Centre for Eye Research (R.G.), Melbourne, VIC, and the Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney (M.G.) - all in Australia; and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (F.E.)
| | - Michael I Dorrell
- From the Lowy Medical Research Institute (M.L.G., K.E., R.F., J.T., S.G., S.H.-P., Y.I., L. Scheppke, M.I.D., M.K., M. Friedlander), University of California, San Diego (M.W., M.K.H., M. Baldini, M.G.B., C.M.M.), Scripps Research Institute (S.H.-P., Y.I., M.K., M. Friedlander), and Scripps Clinic Medical Group (M. Friedlander), La Jolla, and Point Loma Nazarene University, San Diego (M.I.D.) - all in California; Moran Eye Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (L. Sauer, B.J.H., P.S.B.); Moorfields Eye Hospital (T.F.C.H., C.E.) and University College London Institute of Ophthalmology (S.M.W., M. Fruttiger), London; Columbia University, New York (C.C., T.N., R.A.); Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC (R.B., M. Bahlo), Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital (M.O.) and University of Melbourne Centre for Eye Research (R.G.), Melbourne, VIC, and the Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney (M.G.) - all in Australia; and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (F.E.)
| | - Maki Kitano
- From the Lowy Medical Research Institute (M.L.G., K.E., R.F., J.T., S.G., S.H.-P., Y.I., L. Scheppke, M.I.D., M.K., M. Friedlander), University of California, San Diego (M.W., M.K.H., M. Baldini, M.G.B., C.M.M.), Scripps Research Institute (S.H.-P., Y.I., M.K., M. Friedlander), and Scripps Clinic Medical Group (M. Friedlander), La Jolla, and Point Loma Nazarene University, San Diego (M.I.D.) - all in California; Moran Eye Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (L. Sauer, B.J.H., P.S.B.); Moorfields Eye Hospital (T.F.C.H., C.E.) and University College London Institute of Ophthalmology (S.M.W., M. Fruttiger), London; Columbia University, New York (C.C., T.N., R.A.); Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC (R.B., M. Bahlo), Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital (M.O.) and University of Melbourne Centre for Eye Research (R.G.), Melbourne, VIC, and the Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney (M.G.) - all in Australia; and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (F.E.)
| | - Barbara J Hart
- From the Lowy Medical Research Institute (M.L.G., K.E., R.F., J.T., S.G., S.H.-P., Y.I., L. Scheppke, M.I.D., M.K., M. Friedlander), University of California, San Diego (M.W., M.K.H., M. Baldini, M.G.B., C.M.M.), Scripps Research Institute (S.H.-P., Y.I., M.K., M. Friedlander), and Scripps Clinic Medical Group (M. Friedlander), La Jolla, and Point Loma Nazarene University, San Diego (M.I.D.) - all in California; Moran Eye Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (L. Sauer, B.J.H., P.S.B.); Moorfields Eye Hospital (T.F.C.H., C.E.) and University College London Institute of Ophthalmology (S.M.W., M. Fruttiger), London; Columbia University, New York (C.C., T.N., R.A.); Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC (R.B., M. Bahlo), Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital (M.O.) and University of Melbourne Centre for Eye Research (R.G.), Melbourne, VIC, and the Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney (M.G.) - all in Australia; and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (F.E.)
| | - Carolyn Cai
- From the Lowy Medical Research Institute (M.L.G., K.E., R.F., J.T., S.G., S.H.-P., Y.I., L. Scheppke, M.I.D., M.K., M. Friedlander), University of California, San Diego (M.W., M.K.H., M. Baldini, M.G.B., C.M.M.), Scripps Research Institute (S.H.-P., Y.I., M.K., M. Friedlander), and Scripps Clinic Medical Group (M. Friedlander), La Jolla, and Point Loma Nazarene University, San Diego (M.I.D.) - all in California; Moran Eye Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (L. Sauer, B.J.H., P.S.B.); Moorfields Eye Hospital (T.F.C.H., C.E.) and University College London Institute of Ophthalmology (S.M.W., M. Fruttiger), London; Columbia University, New York (C.C., T.N., R.A.); Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC (R.B., M. Bahlo), Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital (M.O.) and University of Melbourne Centre for Eye Research (R.G.), Melbourne, VIC, and the Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney (M.G.) - all in Australia; and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (F.E.)
| | - Takayuki Nagasaki
- From the Lowy Medical Research Institute (M.L.G., K.E., R.F., J.T., S.G., S.H.-P., Y.I., L. Scheppke, M.I.D., M.K., M. Friedlander), University of California, San Diego (M.W., M.K.H., M. Baldini, M.G.B., C.M.M.), Scripps Research Institute (S.H.-P., Y.I., M.K., M. Friedlander), and Scripps Clinic Medical Group (M. Friedlander), La Jolla, and Point Loma Nazarene University, San Diego (M.I.D.) - all in California; Moran Eye Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (L. Sauer, B.J.H., P.S.B.); Moorfields Eye Hospital (T.F.C.H., C.E.) and University College London Institute of Ophthalmology (S.M.W., M. Fruttiger), London; Columbia University, New York (C.C., T.N., R.A.); Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC (R.B., M. Bahlo), Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital (M.O.) and University of Melbourne Centre for Eye Research (R.G.), Melbourne, VIC, and the Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney (M.G.) - all in Australia; and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (F.E.)
| | - Mehmet G Badur
- From the Lowy Medical Research Institute (M.L.G., K.E., R.F., J.T., S.G., S.H.-P., Y.I., L. Scheppke, M.I.D., M.K., M. Friedlander), University of California, San Diego (M.W., M.K.H., M. Baldini, M.G.B., C.M.M.), Scripps Research Institute (S.H.-P., Y.I., M.K., M. Friedlander), and Scripps Clinic Medical Group (M. Friedlander), La Jolla, and Point Loma Nazarene University, San Diego (M.I.D.) - all in California; Moran Eye Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (L. Sauer, B.J.H., P.S.B.); Moorfields Eye Hospital (T.F.C.H., C.E.) and University College London Institute of Ophthalmology (S.M.W., M. Fruttiger), London; Columbia University, New York (C.C., T.N., R.A.); Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC (R.B., M. Bahlo), Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital (M.O.) and University of Melbourne Centre for Eye Research (R.G.), Melbourne, VIC, and the Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney (M.G.) - all in Australia; and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (F.E.)
| | - Mali Okada
- From the Lowy Medical Research Institute (M.L.G., K.E., R.F., J.T., S.G., S.H.-P., Y.I., L. Scheppke, M.I.D., M.K., M. Friedlander), University of California, San Diego (M.W., M.K.H., M. Baldini, M.G.B., C.M.M.), Scripps Research Institute (S.H.-P., Y.I., M.K., M. Friedlander), and Scripps Clinic Medical Group (M. Friedlander), La Jolla, and Point Loma Nazarene University, San Diego (M.I.D.) - all in California; Moran Eye Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (L. Sauer, B.J.H., P.S.B.); Moorfields Eye Hospital (T.F.C.H., C.E.) and University College London Institute of Ophthalmology (S.M.W., M. Fruttiger), London; Columbia University, New York (C.C., T.N., R.A.); Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC (R.B., M. Bahlo), Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital (M.O.) and University of Melbourne Centre for Eye Research (R.G.), Melbourne, VIC, and the Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney (M.G.) - all in Australia; and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (F.E.)
| | - Sasha M Woods
- From the Lowy Medical Research Institute (M.L.G., K.E., R.F., J.T., S.G., S.H.-P., Y.I., L. Scheppke, M.I.D., M.K., M. Friedlander), University of California, San Diego (M.W., M.K.H., M. Baldini, M.G.B., C.M.M.), Scripps Research Institute (S.H.-P., Y.I., M.K., M. Friedlander), and Scripps Clinic Medical Group (M. Friedlander), La Jolla, and Point Loma Nazarene University, San Diego (M.I.D.) - all in California; Moran Eye Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (L. Sauer, B.J.H., P.S.B.); Moorfields Eye Hospital (T.F.C.H., C.E.) and University College London Institute of Ophthalmology (S.M.W., M. Fruttiger), London; Columbia University, New York (C.C., T.N., R.A.); Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC (R.B., M. Bahlo), Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital (M.O.) and University of Melbourne Centre for Eye Research (R.G.), Melbourne, VIC, and the Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney (M.G.) - all in Australia; and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (F.E.)
| | - Catherine Egan
- From the Lowy Medical Research Institute (M.L.G., K.E., R.F., J.T., S.G., S.H.-P., Y.I., L. Scheppke, M.I.D., M.K., M. Friedlander), University of California, San Diego (M.W., M.K.H., M. Baldini, M.G.B., C.M.M.), Scripps Research Institute (S.H.-P., Y.I., M.K., M. Friedlander), and Scripps Clinic Medical Group (M. Friedlander), La Jolla, and Point Loma Nazarene University, San Diego (M.I.D.) - all in California; Moran Eye Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (L. Sauer, B.J.H., P.S.B.); Moorfields Eye Hospital (T.F.C.H., C.E.) and University College London Institute of Ophthalmology (S.M.W., M. Fruttiger), London; Columbia University, New York (C.C., T.N., R.A.); Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC (R.B., M. Bahlo), Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital (M.O.) and University of Melbourne Centre for Eye Research (R.G.), Melbourne, VIC, and the Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney (M.G.) - all in Australia; and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (F.E.)
| | - Mark Gillies
- From the Lowy Medical Research Institute (M.L.G., K.E., R.F., J.T., S.G., S.H.-P., Y.I., L. Scheppke, M.I.D., M.K., M. Friedlander), University of California, San Diego (M.W., M.K.H., M. Baldini, M.G.B., C.M.M.), Scripps Research Institute (S.H.-P., Y.I., M.K., M. Friedlander), and Scripps Clinic Medical Group (M. Friedlander), La Jolla, and Point Loma Nazarene University, San Diego (M.I.D.) - all in California; Moran Eye Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (L. Sauer, B.J.H., P.S.B.); Moorfields Eye Hospital (T.F.C.H., C.E.) and University College London Institute of Ophthalmology (S.M.W., M. Fruttiger), London; Columbia University, New York (C.C., T.N., R.A.); Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC (R.B., M. Bahlo), Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital (M.O.) and University of Melbourne Centre for Eye Research (R.G.), Melbourne, VIC, and the Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney (M.G.) - all in Australia; and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (F.E.)
| | - Robyn Guymer
- From the Lowy Medical Research Institute (M.L.G., K.E., R.F., J.T., S.G., S.H.-P., Y.I., L. Scheppke, M.I.D., M.K., M. Friedlander), University of California, San Diego (M.W., M.K.H., M. Baldini, M.G.B., C.M.M.), Scripps Research Institute (S.H.-P., Y.I., M.K., M. Friedlander), and Scripps Clinic Medical Group (M. Friedlander), La Jolla, and Point Loma Nazarene University, San Diego (M.I.D.) - all in California; Moran Eye Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (L. Sauer, B.J.H., P.S.B.); Moorfields Eye Hospital (T.F.C.H., C.E.) and University College London Institute of Ophthalmology (S.M.W., M. Fruttiger), London; Columbia University, New York (C.C., T.N., R.A.); Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC (R.B., M. Bahlo), Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital (M.O.) and University of Melbourne Centre for Eye Research (R.G.), Melbourne, VIC, and the Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney (M.G.) - all in Australia; and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (F.E.)
| | - Florian Eichler
- From the Lowy Medical Research Institute (M.L.G., K.E., R.F., J.T., S.G., S.H.-P., Y.I., L. Scheppke, M.I.D., M.K., M. Friedlander), University of California, San Diego (M.W., M.K.H., M. Baldini, M.G.B., C.M.M.), Scripps Research Institute (S.H.-P., Y.I., M.K., M. Friedlander), and Scripps Clinic Medical Group (M. Friedlander), La Jolla, and Point Loma Nazarene University, San Diego (M.I.D.) - all in California; Moran Eye Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (L. Sauer, B.J.H., P.S.B.); Moorfields Eye Hospital (T.F.C.H., C.E.) and University College London Institute of Ophthalmology (S.M.W., M. Fruttiger), London; Columbia University, New York (C.C., T.N., R.A.); Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC (R.B., M. Bahlo), Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital (M.O.) and University of Melbourne Centre for Eye Research (R.G.), Melbourne, VIC, and the Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney (M.G.) - all in Australia; and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (F.E.)
| | - Melanie Bahlo
- From the Lowy Medical Research Institute (M.L.G., K.E., R.F., J.T., S.G., S.H.-P., Y.I., L. Scheppke, M.I.D., M.K., M. Friedlander), University of California, San Diego (M.W., M.K.H., M. Baldini, M.G.B., C.M.M.), Scripps Research Institute (S.H.-P., Y.I., M.K., M. Friedlander), and Scripps Clinic Medical Group (M. Friedlander), La Jolla, and Point Loma Nazarene University, San Diego (M.I.D.) - all in California; Moran Eye Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (L. Sauer, B.J.H., P.S.B.); Moorfields Eye Hospital (T.F.C.H., C.E.) and University College London Institute of Ophthalmology (S.M.W., M. Fruttiger), London; Columbia University, New York (C.C., T.N., R.A.); Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC (R.B., M. Bahlo), Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital (M.O.) and University of Melbourne Centre for Eye Research (R.G.), Melbourne, VIC, and the Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney (M.G.) - all in Australia; and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (F.E.)
| | - Marcus Fruttiger
- From the Lowy Medical Research Institute (M.L.G., K.E., R.F., J.T., S.G., S.H.-P., Y.I., L. Scheppke, M.I.D., M.K., M. Friedlander), University of California, San Diego (M.W., M.K.H., M. Baldini, M.G.B., C.M.M.), Scripps Research Institute (S.H.-P., Y.I., M.K., M. Friedlander), and Scripps Clinic Medical Group (M. Friedlander), La Jolla, and Point Loma Nazarene University, San Diego (M.I.D.) - all in California; Moran Eye Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (L. Sauer, B.J.H., P.S.B.); Moorfields Eye Hospital (T.F.C.H., C.E.) and University College London Institute of Ophthalmology (S.M.W., M. Fruttiger), London; Columbia University, New York (C.C., T.N., R.A.); Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC (R.B., M. Bahlo), Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital (M.O.) and University of Melbourne Centre for Eye Research (R.G.), Melbourne, VIC, and the Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney (M.G.) - all in Australia; and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (F.E.)
| | - Rando Allikmets
- From the Lowy Medical Research Institute (M.L.G., K.E., R.F., J.T., S.G., S.H.-P., Y.I., L. Scheppke, M.I.D., M.K., M. Friedlander), University of California, San Diego (M.W., M.K.H., M. Baldini, M.G.B., C.M.M.), Scripps Research Institute (S.H.-P., Y.I., M.K., M. Friedlander), and Scripps Clinic Medical Group (M. Friedlander), La Jolla, and Point Loma Nazarene University, San Diego (M.I.D.) - all in California; Moran Eye Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (L. Sauer, B.J.H., P.S.B.); Moorfields Eye Hospital (T.F.C.H., C.E.) and University College London Institute of Ophthalmology (S.M.W., M. Fruttiger), London; Columbia University, New York (C.C., T.N., R.A.); Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC (R.B., M. Bahlo), Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital (M.O.) and University of Melbourne Centre for Eye Research (R.G.), Melbourne, VIC, and the Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney (M.G.) - all in Australia; and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (F.E.)
| | - Paul S Bernstein
- From the Lowy Medical Research Institute (M.L.G., K.E., R.F., J.T., S.G., S.H.-P., Y.I., L. Scheppke, M.I.D., M.K., M. Friedlander), University of California, San Diego (M.W., M.K.H., M. Baldini, M.G.B., C.M.M.), Scripps Research Institute (S.H.-P., Y.I., M.K., M. Friedlander), and Scripps Clinic Medical Group (M. Friedlander), La Jolla, and Point Loma Nazarene University, San Diego (M.I.D.) - all in California; Moran Eye Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (L. Sauer, B.J.H., P.S.B.); Moorfields Eye Hospital (T.F.C.H., C.E.) and University College London Institute of Ophthalmology (S.M.W., M. Fruttiger), London; Columbia University, New York (C.C., T.N., R.A.); Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC (R.B., M. Bahlo), Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital (M.O.) and University of Melbourne Centre for Eye Research (R.G.), Melbourne, VIC, and the Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney (M.G.) - all in Australia; and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (F.E.)
| | - Christian M Metallo
- From the Lowy Medical Research Institute (M.L.G., K.E., R.F., J.T., S.G., S.H.-P., Y.I., L. Scheppke, M.I.D., M.K., M. Friedlander), University of California, San Diego (M.W., M.K.H., M. Baldini, M.G.B., C.M.M.), Scripps Research Institute (S.H.-P., Y.I., M.K., M. Friedlander), and Scripps Clinic Medical Group (M. Friedlander), La Jolla, and Point Loma Nazarene University, San Diego (M.I.D.) - all in California; Moran Eye Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (L. Sauer, B.J.H., P.S.B.); Moorfields Eye Hospital (T.F.C.H., C.E.) and University College London Institute of Ophthalmology (S.M.W., M. Fruttiger), London; Columbia University, New York (C.C., T.N., R.A.); Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC (R.B., M. Bahlo), Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital (M.O.) and University of Melbourne Centre for Eye Research (R.G.), Melbourne, VIC, and the Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney (M.G.) - all in Australia; and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (F.E.)
| | - Martin Friedlander
- From the Lowy Medical Research Institute (M.L.G., K.E., R.F., J.T., S.G., S.H.-P., Y.I., L. Scheppke, M.I.D., M.K., M. Friedlander), University of California, San Diego (M.W., M.K.H., M. Baldini, M.G.B., C.M.M.), Scripps Research Institute (S.H.-P., Y.I., M.K., M. Friedlander), and Scripps Clinic Medical Group (M. Friedlander), La Jolla, and Point Loma Nazarene University, San Diego (M.I.D.) - all in California; Moran Eye Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (L. Sauer, B.J.H., P.S.B.); Moorfields Eye Hospital (T.F.C.H., C.E.) and University College London Institute of Ophthalmology (S.M.W., M. Fruttiger), London; Columbia University, New York (C.C., T.N., R.A.); Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC (R.B., M. Bahlo), Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital (M.O.) and University of Melbourne Centre for Eye Research (R.G.), Melbourne, VIC, and the Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney (M.G.) - all in Australia; and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (F.E.)
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Carreira AC, Santos TC, Lone MA, Zupančič E, Lloyd-Evans E, de Almeida RFM, Hornemann T, Silva LC. Mammalian sphingoid bases: Biophysical, physiological and pathological properties. Prog Lipid Res 2019:100995. [PMID: 31445071 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2019.100995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2018] [Revised: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Sphingoid bases encompass a group of long chain amino alcohols which form the essential structure of sphingolipids. Over the last years, these amphiphilic molecules were moving more and more into the focus of biomedical research due to their role as bioactive molecules. In fact, free sphingoid bases interact with specific receptors and target molecules and have been associated with numerous biological and physiological processes. In addition, they can modulate the biophysical properties of biological membranes. Several human diseases are related to pathological changes in the structure and metabolism of sphingoid bases. Yet, the mechanisms underlying their biological and pathophysiological actions remain elusive. Within this review, we aimed to summarize the current knowledge on the biochemical and biophysical properties of the most common sphingoid bases and to discuss their importance in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- A C Carreira
- iMed.ULisboa - Research Institute for Medicines, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal; Centro de Química e Bioquímica (CQB) e Centro de Química Estrutural (CQE), Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Ed. C8, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal; Sir Martin Evans Building, School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - T C Santos
- iMed.ULisboa - Research Institute for Medicines, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal; Centro de Química-Física Molecular - Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (CQFM-IN) and IBB-Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal; Institute for Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - M A Lone
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - E Zupančič
- iMed.ULisboa - Research Institute for Medicines, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - E Lloyd-Evans
- Sir Martin Evans Building, School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - R F M de Almeida
- Centro de Química e Bioquímica (CQB) e Centro de Química Estrutural (CQE), Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Ed. C8, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - T Hornemann
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - L C Silva
- iMed.ULisboa - Research Institute for Medicines, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal; Centro de Química-Física Molecular - Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (CQFM-IN) and IBB-Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.
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32
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Carreira AC, Santos TC, Lone MA, Zupančič E, Lloyd-Evans E, de Almeida RFM, Hornemann T, Silva LC. Mammalian sphingoid bases: Biophysical, physiological and pathological properties. Prog Lipid Res 2019; 75:100988. [PMID: 31132366 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2019.100988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2018] [Revised: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Sphingoid bases encompass a group of long chain amino alcohols which form the essential structure of sphingolipids. Over the last years, these amphiphilic molecules were moving more and more into the focus of biomedical research due to their role as bioactive molecules. In fact, free sphingoid bases interact with specific receptors and target molecules, and have been associated with numerous biological and physiological processes. In addition, they can modulate the biophysical properties of biological membranes. Several human diseases are related to pathological changes in the structure and metabolism of sphingoid bases. Yet, the mechanisms underlying their biological and pathophysiological actions remain elusive. Within this review, we aimed to summarize the current knowledge on the biochemical and biophysical properties of the most common sphingoid bases and to discuss their importance in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- A C Carreira
- iMed.ULisboa - Research Institute for Medicines, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, Lisboa 1649-003, Portugal; Centro de Química e Bioquímica (CQB) e Centro de Química Estrutural (CQE), Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Ed. C8, Campo Grande, Lisboa 1749-016, Portugal; Sir Martin Evans Building, School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - T C Santos
- iMed.ULisboa - Research Institute for Medicines, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, Lisboa 1649-003, Portugal; Centro de Química-Física Molecular - Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (CQFM-IN), IBB-Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal; Institute for Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - M A Lone
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - E Zupančič
- iMed.ULisboa - Research Institute for Medicines, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, Lisboa 1649-003, Portugal
| | - E Lloyd-Evans
- Sir Martin Evans Building, School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - R F M de Almeida
- Centro de Química e Bioquímica (CQB) e Centro de Química Estrutural (CQE), Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Ed. C8, Campo Grande, Lisboa 1749-016, Portugal
| | - T Hornemann
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - L C Silva
- iMed.ULisboa - Research Institute for Medicines, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, Lisboa 1649-003, Portugal; Centro de Química-Física Molecular - Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (CQFM-IN), IBB-Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.
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Schwartz NU, Mileva I, Gurevich M, Snider J, Hannun YA, Obeid LM. Quantifying 1-deoxydihydroceramides and 1-deoxyceramides in mouse nervous system tissue. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2019; 141:40-48. [PMID: 30790665 PMCID: PMC6467697 DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2019.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2018] [Revised: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Accumulation of deoxysphingolipids (deoxySLs) has been implicated in many neural diseases, although mechanisms remain unclear. A major obstacle limiting understanding of deoxySLs has been the lack of a method easily defining measurement of deoxydihydroceramide (deoxydhCer) and deoxyceramide (deoxyCer) in neural tissues. Furthermore, it is poorly understood if deoxySLs accumulate in the nervous system with aging. To facilitate investigation of deoxydhCer and deoxyCer in nervous system tissue, we developed a method to evaluate levels of these lipids in mouse brain, spinal cord, and sciatic nerve. Many deoxydhCers and brain C24-deoxyCer were present at 1, 3, and 6 months of age. Furthermore, while ceramide levels decreased with age, deoxydhCers increased in sciatic nerve and spinal cord, suggesting they may accumulate in peripheral nerves. C22-deoxydhCer was the highest deoxydhCer species in all tissues, suggesting it may be important physiologically. The development of this method will facilitate straightforward profiling of deoxydhCers and deoxyCers and the study of their metabolism and function. These results also reveal that deoxydhCers accumulate in peripheral nerves with normal aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas U Schwartz
- Health Science Center, L-4, 179, Stony Brook University Medical Center, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-8430, United States
| | - Izolda Mileva
- Health Science Center, L-4, 179, Stony Brook University Medical Center, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-8430, United States
| | - Mikhail Gurevich
- Health Science Center, L-4, 179, Stony Brook University Medical Center, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-8430, United States
| | - Justin Snider
- Health Science Center, L-4, 179, Stony Brook University Medical Center, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-8430, United States
| | - Yusuf A Hannun
- Health Science Center, L-4, 179, Stony Brook University Medical Center, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-8430, United States
| | - Lina M Obeid
- Health Science Center, L-4, 179, Stony Brook University Medical Center, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-8430, United States.
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Karsai G, Kraft F, Haag N, Korenke GC, Hänisch B, Othman A, Suriyanarayanan S, Steiner R, Knopp C, Mull M, Bergmann M, Schröder JM, Weis J, Elbracht M, Begemann M, Hornemann T, Kurth I. DEGS1-associated aberrant sphingolipid metabolism impairs nervous system function in humans. J Clin Invest 2019; 129:1229-1239. [PMID: 30620338 DOI: 10.1172/jci124159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sphingolipids are important components of cellular membranes and functionally associated with fundamental processes such as cell differentiation, neuronal signaling, and myelin sheath formation. Defects in the synthesis or degradation of sphingolipids leads to various neurological pathologies; however, the entire spectrum of sphingolipid metabolism disorders remains elusive. METHODS A combined approach of genomics and lipidomics was applied to identify and characterize a human sphingolipid metabolism disorder. RESULTS By whole-exome sequencing in a patient with a multisystem neurological disorder of both the central and peripheral nervous systems, we identified a homozygous p.Ala280Val variant in DEGS1, which catalyzes the last step in the ceramide synthesis pathway. The blood sphingolipid profile in the patient showed a significant increase in dihydro sphingolipid species that was further recapitulated in patient-derived fibroblasts, in CRISPR/Cas9-derived DEGS1-knockout cells, and by pharmacological inhibition of DEGS1. The enzymatic activity in patient fibroblasts was reduced by 80% compared with wild-type cells, which was in line with a reduced expression of mutant DEGS1 protein. Moreover, an atypical and potentially neurotoxic sphingosine isomer was identified in patient plasma and in cells expressing mutant DEGS1. CONCLUSION We report DEGS1 dysfunction as the cause of a sphingolipid disorder with hypomyelination and degeneration of both the central and peripheral nervous systems. TRIAL REGISTRATION Not applicable. FUNDING Seventh Framework Program of the European Commission, Swiss National Foundation, Rare Disease Initiative Zurich.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gergely Karsai
- Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.,Institute for Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Florian Kraft
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Natja Haag
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - G Christoph Korenke
- Clinic for Neuropediatrics and Congenital Metabolic Diseases, University Clinic for Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Benjamin Hänisch
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Alaa Othman
- Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.,Institute for Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Saranya Suriyanarayanan
- Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.,Institute for Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Regula Steiner
- Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.,Institute for Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Cordula Knopp
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Michael Mull
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Markus Bergmann
- Institute for Neuropathology, Hospital Bremen-Mitte, Bremen, Germany
| | - J Michael Schröder
- Institute of Neuropathology, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Joachim Weis
- Institute of Neuropathology, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Miriam Elbracht
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Matthias Begemann
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Thorsten Hornemann
- Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.,Institute for Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Ingo Kurth
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
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35
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Lone MA, Santos T, Alecu I, Silva LC, Hornemann T. 1-Deoxysphingolipids. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2019; 1864:512-521. [PMID: 30625374 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2018.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Revised: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Sphingolipids (SLs) are fundamental components of eukaryotic cells. 1-Deoxysphingolipids differ structurally from canonical SLs as they lack the essential C1-OH group. Consequently, 1-deoxysphingolipids cannot be converted to complex sphingolipids and are not degraded over the canonical catabolic pathways. Pathologically elevated 1-deoxySLs are involved in several disease conditions. Within this review, we will provide an up-to-date overview on the metabolic, physiological and pathophysiological aspects of this enigmatic class of "headless" sphingolipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Lone
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - T Santos
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), University of Zurich, Switzerland; iMed.ULisboa - Research Institute for Medicines, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal; Centro de Química-Física Molecular and IN-Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - I Alecu
- Neural Regeneration Laboratory, India Taylor Lipidomic Research Platform, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, Ottawa Brain and Mind Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Canada
| | - L C Silva
- iMed.ULisboa - Research Institute for Medicines, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal; Centro de Química-Física Molecular and IN-Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - T Hornemann
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland; Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), University of Zurich, Switzerland.
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36
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Han G, Gupta SD, Gable K, Bacikova D, Sengupta N, Somashekarappa N, Proia RL, Harmon JM, Dunn TM. The ORMs interact with transmembrane domain 1 of Lcb1 and regulate serine palmitoyltransferase oligomerization, activity and localization. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2018; 1864:245-259. [PMID: 30529276 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2018.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Revised: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 11/24/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT), an endoplasmic reticulum-localized membrane enzymecomposed of acatalytic LCB1/LCB2 heterodimer and a small activating subunit (Tsc3 in yeast; ssSPTs in mammals), is negatively regulated by the evolutionarily conserved family of proteins known as the ORMs. In yeast, SPT, the ORMs, and the PI4P phosphatase Sac1, copurify in the "SPOTs" complex. However, neither the mechanism of ORM inhibition of SPT nor details of the interactions of the ORMs and Sac1 with SPT are known. Here we report that the first transmembrane domain (TMD1) of Lcb1 is required for ORM binding to SPT. Loss of binding is not due to altered membrane topology of Lcb1 since replacing TMD1 with a heterologous TMD restores membrane topology but not ORM binding. TMD1 deletion also eliminates ORM-dependent formation of SPT oligomers as assessed by co-immunoprecipitation assays and in vivo imaging. Expression of ORMs lacking derepressive phosphorylation sites results in constitutive SPT oligomerization, while phosphomimetic ORMs fail to induce oligomerization under any conditions. Significantly, when LCB1-RFP and LCB1ΔTMD1-GFP were coexpressed, more LCB1ΔTMD1-GFP was in the peripheral ER, suggesting ORM regulation is partially accomplished by SPT redistribution. Tsc3 deletion does not abolish ORM inhibition of SPT, indicating the ORMs do not simply prevent activation by Tsc3. Binding of Sac1 to SPT requires Tsc3, but not the ORMs, and Sac1 does not influence ORM-mediated oligomerization of SPT. Finally, yeast mutants lacking ORM regulation of SPT require the LCB-P lyase Dpl1 to maintain long-chain bases at sublethal levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gongshe Han
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814-4799, United States of America
| | - Sita D Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814-4799, United States of America
| | - Kenneth Gable
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814-4799, United States of America
| | - Dagmar Bacikova
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814-4799, United States of America
| | - Nivedita Sengupta
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814-4799, United States of America
| | - Niranjanakumari Somashekarappa
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814-4799, United States of America
| | - Richard L Proia
- Genetics of Development and Disease Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, United States of America
| | - Jeffrey M Harmon
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814-4799, United States of America
| | - Teresa M Dunn
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814-4799, United States of America.
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Goins L, Spassieva S. Sphingoid bases and their involvement in neurodegenerative diseases. Adv Biol Regul 2018; 70:65-73. [PMID: 30377075 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbior.2018.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Revised: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Sphingoid bases (also known as long-chain bases) form the backbone of sphingolipids. Sphingolipids comprise a large group of lipid molecules, which function as the building blocks of biological membranes and play important signaling and regulatory roles within cells. The roles of sphingoid bases in neurotoxicity and neurodegeneration have yet to be fully elucidated, as they are complex and multi-faceted. This comprises a new frontier of research that may provide us with important clues regarding their involvement in neurological health and disease. This paper explores various neurological diseases and conditions which result when the metabolism of sphingoid bases and some of their derivatives, such as sphingosine-1-phosphate and psychosine, becomes compromised due to the inhibition or mutation of key enzymes. Dysregulation of sphingoid base metabolism very often manifests with neurological symptoms, as sphingolipids are highly enriched in the nervous system, where they play important signaling and regulatory roles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Goins
- Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Stefka Spassieva
- Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.
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38
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Harrison PJ, Dunn T, Campopiano DJ. Sphingolipid biosynthesis in man and microbes. Nat Prod Rep 2018; 35:921-954. [PMID: 29863195 PMCID: PMC6148460 DOI: 10.1039/c8np00019k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A new review covering up to 2018 Sphingolipids are essential molecules that, despite their long history, are still stimulating interest today. The reasons for this are that, as well as playing structural roles within cell membranes, they have also been shown to perform a myriad of cell signalling functions vital to the correct function of eukaryotic and prokaryotic organisms. Indeed, sphingolipid disregulation that alters the tightly-controlled balance of these key lipids has been closely linked to a number of diseases such as diabetes, asthma and various neuropathologies. Sphingolipid biogenesis, metabolism and regulation is mediated by a large number of enzymes, proteins and second messengers. There appears to be a core pathway common to all sphingolipid-producing organisms but recent studies have begun to dissect out important, species-specific differences. Many of these have only recently been discovered and in most cases the molecular and biochemical details are only beginning to emerge. Where there is a direct link from classic biochemistry to clinical symptoms, a number a drug companies have undertaken a medicinal chemistry campaign to try to deliver a therapeutic intervention to alleviate a number of diseases. Where appropriate, we highlight targets where natural products have been exploited as useful tools. Taking all these aspects into account this review covers the structural, mechanistic and regulatory features of sphingolipid biosynthetic and metabolic enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter J. Harrison
- School of Chemistry
, University of Edinburgh
,
David Brewster Road
, Edinburgh
, EH9 3FJ
, UK
.
| | - Teresa M. Dunn
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
, Uniformed Services University
,
Bethesda
, Maryland
20814
, USA
| | - Dominic J. Campopiano
- School of Chemistry
, University of Edinburgh
,
David Brewster Road
, Edinburgh
, EH9 3FJ
, UK
.
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39
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Wilson ER, Kugathasan U, Abramov AY, Clark AJ, Bennett DLH, Reilly MM, Greensmith L, Kalmar B. Hereditary sensory neuropathy type 1-associated deoxysphingolipids cause neurotoxicity, acute calcium handling abnormalities and mitochondrial dysfunction in vitro. Neurobiol Dis 2018; 117:1-14. [PMID: 29778900 PMCID: PMC6060082 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2018.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Revised: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Hereditary sensory neuropathy type 1 (HSN-1) is a peripheral neuropathy most frequently caused by mutations in the SPTLC1 or SPTLC2 genes, which code for two subunits of the enzyme serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT). SPT catalyzes the first step of de novo sphingolipid synthesis. Mutations in SPT result in a change in enzyme substrate specificity, which causes the production of atypical deoxysphinganine and deoxymethylsphinganine, rather than the normal enzyme product, sphinganine. Levels of these abnormal compounds are elevated in blood of HSN-1 patients and this is thought to cause the peripheral motor and sensory nerve damage that is characteristic of the disease, by a largely unresolved mechanism. In this study, we show that exogenous application of these deoxysphingoid bases causes dose- and time-dependent neurotoxicity in primary mammalian neurons, as determined by analysis of cell survival and neurite length. Acutely, deoxysphingoid base neurotoxicity manifests in abnormal Ca2+ handling by the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria as well as dysregulation of cell membrane store-operated Ca2+ channels. The changes in intracellular Ca2+ handling are accompanied by an early loss of mitochondrial membrane potential in deoxysphingoid base-treated motor and sensory neurons. Thus, these results suggest that exogenous deoxysphingoid base application causes neuronal mitochondrial dysfunction and Ca2+ handling deficits, which may play a critical role in the pathogenesis of HSN-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma R Wilson
- Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK; MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Umaiyal Kugathasan
- Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK; MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Andrey Y Abramov
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Alex J Clark
- Neural Injury Group, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - David L H Bennett
- Neural Injury Group, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Mary M Reilly
- MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK; Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Linda Greensmith
- Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK; MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Bernadett Kalmar
- Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK.
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Hornemann T, Alecu I, Hagenbuch N, Zhakupova A, Cremonesi A, Gautschi M, Jung HH, Meienberg F, Bilz S, Christ E, Baumgartner MR, Hochuli M. Disturbed sphingolipid metabolism with elevated 1-deoxysphingolipids in glycogen storage disease type I - A link to metabolic control. Mol Genet Metab 2018; 125:73-78. [PMID: 30037504 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2018.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Revised: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND 1-Deoxysphingolipids (1-deoxySLs) are atypical sphingolipids. They are formed during sphingolipid de novo synthesis by the enzyme serine palmitoyltransferase, due to the alternate use of alanine over its canonical substrate serine. Pathologically elevated 1-deoxySL are involved in several neurological and metabolic disorders. The objective of this study was to investigate the role of 1-deoxySL in glycogen storage disease type I (GSDI). METHODS In this prospective, longitudinal observational study (median follow-up 1.8y), the plasma 1-deoxySL profile was analyzed in 15 adult GSDI patients (12 GSDIa, 3 GSDIb), and 31 healthy controls, along with standard parameters for monitoring GSDI. RESULTS 1-Deoxysphinganine (1-deoxySA) concentrations were elevated in GSDI compared to controls (191 ± 129 vs 35 ± 14 nmol/l, p < 0.0001). Concordant with the mechanism of 1-deoxySL synthesis, plasma alanine was higher (625 ± 182 vs 398 ± 90 μmol/l, p < 0.0001), while serine was lower in GSDI than in controls (88 ± 22 vs 110 ± 18 μmol/l. p < 0.001). Accordingly, serine, alanine and triglycerides were determinants of 1-deoxySA in the longitudinal analysis of GSDIa. 1-deoxySA concentrations correlated with the occurrence of low blood glucose (area under the curve below 4 mmol/l) in continuous glucose monitoring. The 1-deoxySL profile in GSDIb was distinct from GSDIa, with a different ratio of saturated to unsaturated 1-deoxySL. CONCLUSION In addition to the known abnormalities of lipoproteins, GSDI patients also have a disturbed sphingolipid metabolism with elevated plasma 1-deoxySL concentrations. 1-DeoxySA relates to the occurrence of low blood glucose, and may constitute a potential new biomarker for assessing metabolic control. GSDIa and Ib have distinct 1-deoxySL profiles indicating that both GSD subtypes have diverse phenotypes regarding lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thorsten Hornemann
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Irina Alecu
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Niels Hagenbuch
- Institute of Biostatistics, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Assem Zhakupova
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Alessio Cremonesi
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Children's Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Gautschi
- Department of Pediatrics and Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Bern, Inselspital, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Hans H Jung
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Fabian Meienberg
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Stefan Bilz
- Division of Endocrinology, Kantonsspital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Emanuel Christ
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology, Nutritional medicine and Metabolism, University Hospital Bern, Inselspital, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Matthias R Baumgartner
- Division of Metabolism and Children's Research Center (CRC), University Children's Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland.; Radiz - Rare Disease Initiative Zurich, Clinical Research Priority Program for Rare Diseases, University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Michel Hochuli
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Clinical Nutrition, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Radiz - Rare Disease Initiative Zurich, Clinical Research Priority Program for Rare Diseases, University of Zurich, Switzerland.
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41
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Saied EM, Le TLS, Hornemann T, Arenz C. Synthesis and characterization of some atypical sphingoid bases. Bioorg Med Chem 2018; 26:4047-4057. [PMID: 29960730 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2018.06.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Revised: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Sphingolipids are ubiquitous and abundant components of all eukaryotic and some prokaryotic organisms. Sphingolipids show a large structural variety not only between the different species, but also within an individual cell. This variety is not limited to alterations in the polar headgroups of e.g. glycosphingolipids, but also affects the lipophilic anchors comprised of different fatty acids on the one hand and different sphingoid bases on the other hand. The structural variations within different sphingoid bases e.g. in pathogens can be used to identify novel biomarkers and drug targets and the specific change in the profile of common and uncommon sphingolipids are associated with pathological conditions like diabetes or cancer. Therefore, the emerging field of sphingolipidomics is dedicated to collect data on the sphingolipidome of a cell and hence to assign changes therein to certain states of a cell or to pathological conditions. This powerful tool however is still limited by the availability of structural information about the individual lipid species as well as by the availability of appropriate internal standards for quantification. Herein we describe the synthesis of a variety of 1-deoxy-sphingoid bases. 1-DeoxySphingolipids have recently acquired significant attention due to its pathological role in the rare inherited neuropathy, HSAN1 but also as predictive biomarkers in diabetes type II. Some of the compounds synthesized and characterized herein, have been used and will be used to elucidate the correct structure of these disease-related lipids and their metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Essa M Saied
- Institute for Chemistry, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Str. 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany; Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Thuy Linh-Stella Le
- Institute for Chemistry, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Str. 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - T Hornemann
- University of Zurich; University Hospital of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Christoph Arenz
- Institute for Chemistry, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Str. 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany.
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Abstract
Cancer patients' quality of life is greatly dependent on the efficacy of treatments and their associated side effects, which can significantly reduce the overall quality of life. Although the effectiveness of cancer treatments has improved over time, adverse effects persist with each treatment. Some side effects, such as paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy, can be dose limiting, thus further reducing the potential of paclitaxel chemotherapy treatment. Premature ovarian failure in young female patients due to radiation and chemotherapy therapy can have devastating infertility consequences. In recent years, a class of lipids known as sphingolipids has been identified as playing a role in the side effects of cancer therapies. Advanced analytical technologies, such as mass spectrometry, have provided great aid in detecting and distinguishing individual sphingolipids at low concentrations. Sphingolipids play an important role in cell proliferation and apoptosis and, importantly, sphingolipid metabolism has been shown to be dysregulated in cancer. The goal of this review is to summarize the latest findings of the role of sphingolipids in the injurious side effects in various cancer treatments. A better understanding of the molecular mechanisms driving these sphingolipid-induced side effects can help develop new drugs and treatments for cancer that have fewer side effects, thus improving treatment efficacy and quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Falak Patel
- Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Stefka D Spassieva
- Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
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Sandhoff R, Schulze H, Sandhoff K. Ganglioside Metabolism in Health and Disease. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2018; 156:1-62. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2018.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Abstract
Gangliosides are sialic acid containing glycosphingolipids, which are abundant in mammalian brain tissue. Several fatal human diseases are caused by defects in glycolipid metabolism. Defects in their degradation lead to an accumulation of metabolites upstream of the defective reactions, whereas defects in their biosynthesis lead to diverse problems in a large number of organs.Gangliosides are primarily positioned with their ceramide anchor in the neuronal plasma membrane and the glycan head group exposed on the cell surface. Their biosynthesis starts in the endoplasmic reticulum with the formation of the ceramide anchor, followed by sequential glycosylation reactions, mainly at the luminal surface of Golgi and TGN membranes, a combinatorial process, which is catalyzed by often promiscuous membrane-bound glycosyltransferases.Thereafter, the gangliosides are transported to the plasma membrane by exocytotic membrane flow. After endocytosis, they are degraded within the endolysosomal compartments by a complex machinery of degrading enzymes, lipid-binding activator proteins, and negatively charged lipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernadette Breiden
- LIMES Institute, Membrane Biology & Lipid Biochemistry Unit, Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Universität Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Konrad Sandhoff
- LIMES Institute, Membrane Biology & Lipid Biochemistry Unit, Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Universität Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
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Auranen M, Toppila J, Suriyanarayanan S, Lone MA, Paetau A, Tyynismaa H, Hornemann T, Ylikallio E. Clinical and metabolic consequences of L-serine supplementation in hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy type 1C. Cold Spring Harb Mol Case Stud 2017; 3:mcs.a002212. [PMID: 29042446 PMCID: PMC5701299 DOI: 10.1101/mcs.a002212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Hereditary sensory neuropathy type 1 (HSAN1) may be the first genetic neuropathy amenable to a specific mechanism-based treatment, as L-serine supplementation can be used to lower the neurotoxic levels of 1-deoxysphingolipids (1-deoxySL) that cause the neurodegeneration. The treatment is so far untested in HSAN1C caused by variants in the serine palmitoyl transferase subunit 2 (SPTLC2) gene. The aim of this study was to establish whether oral L-serine lowers 1-deoxySL in a patient with HSAN1C, to perform a dose escalation to find the minimal effective dose, and to assess the safety profile and global metabolic effects of the treatment. Our patient underwent a 52-wk treatment in which the L-serine dose was titrated up to 400 mg/kg/day. She was followed up by repeated clinical examination, nerve conduction testing, and skin biopsies to document effects on small nerve fibers. Serum was assayed for 1-deoxySL and metabolomics analysis of 111 metabolites. We found a robust lowering of 1-deoxySL, which correlated in a near-linear fashion with increased serum L-serine levels. Metabolomics analysis showed a modest elevation in glycine and a marked reduction in the level of cytosine, whereas most of the other assayed metabolites did not change. There were no direct side effects from the treatment, but the patient developed a transitory toe ulceration during the course of the study. The Charcot–Marie–Tooth neuropathy score increased by 1 point. We conclude that oral supplementation of L-serine decreases 1-deoxySL in HSAN1C without major global effects on metabolism. L-serine is therefore a potential treatment for HSAN1C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mari Auranen
- Research Programs Unit, Molecular Neurology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland.,Clinical Neurosciences, Neurology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki 00029, Finland
| | - Jussi Toppila
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Medical Imaging Center, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki 00029, Finland
| | - Saranya Suriyanarayanan
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich 8091, Switzerland.,Competence Center for Personalized Medicine (CC-PM), Zurich 8044, Switzerland
| | - Museer A Lone
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich 8091, Switzerland.,Competence Center for Personalized Medicine (CC-PM), Zurich 8044, Switzerland
| | - Anders Paetau
- Department of Pathology, HUSLAB and University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00029, Finland
| | - Henna Tyynismaa
- Research Programs Unit, Molecular Neurology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland
| | - Thorsten Hornemann
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich 8091, Switzerland.,Competence Center for Personalized Medicine (CC-PM), Zurich 8044, Switzerland
| | - Emil Ylikallio
- Research Programs Unit, Molecular Neurology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland.,Clinical Neurosciences, Neurology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki 00029, Finland
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