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Kraaijenhof JM, Tromp TR, Nurmohamed NS, Reeskamp LF, Langenkamp M, Levels JHM, Boekholdt SM, Wareham NJ, Hoekstra M, Stroes ESG, Hovingh GK, Grefhorst A. ANGPTL3 (Angiopoietin-Like 3) Preferentially Resides on High-Density Lipoprotein in the Human Circulation, Affecting Its Activity. J Am Heart Assoc 2023; 12:e030476. [PMID: 37889183 PMCID: PMC10727379 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.123.030476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Background ANGPTL3 (angiopoietin-like protein 3) is an acknowledged crucial regulator of lipid metabolism by virtue of its inhibitory effect on lipoprotein lipase and endothelial lipase. It is currently unknown whether and to which lipoproteins ANGPTL3 is bound and whether the ability of ANGPTL3 to inhibit lipase activity is affected by binding to lipoproteins. Methods and Results Incubation of ultracentrifugation-isolated low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) fractions from healthy volunteers with recombinant ANGPTL3 revealed that ANGPTL3 associates with both HDL and LDL particles ex vivo. Plasma from healthy volunteers and a patient deficient in HDL was fractionated by fast protein liquid chromatography, and ANGPTL3 distribution among lipoprotein fractions was measured. In healthy volunteers, ≈75% of lipoprotein-associated ANGPTL3 resides in HDL fractions, whereas ANGPTL3 was largely bound to LDL in the patient deficient in HDL. ANGPTL3 activity was studied by measuring lipolysis and uptake of 3H-trioleate by brown adipocyte T37i cells. Unbound ANGPTL3 did not suppress lipase activity, but when given with HDL or LDL, ANGPTL3 suppressed lipase activity by 21.4±16.4% (P=0.03) and 25.4±8.2% (P=0.006), respectively. Finally, in a subset of the EPIC (European Prospective Investigation into Cancer) Norfolk study, plasma HDL cholesterol and amount of large HDL particles were both positively associated with plasma ANGPTL3 concentrations. Moreover, plasma ANGPTL3 concentrations showed a positive association with incident coronary artery disease (odds ratio, 1.25 [95% CI, 1.01-1.55], P=0.04). Conclusions Although ANGPTL3 preferentially resides on HDL, its activity was highest once bound to LDL particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan M. Kraaijenhof
- Department of Vascular MedicineAmsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMCAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Tycho R. Tromp
- Department of Vascular MedicineAmsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMCAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Nick S. Nurmohamed
- Department of Vascular MedicineAmsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMCAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Department of CardiologyAmsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMCAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Laurens F. Reeskamp
- Department of Vascular MedicineAmsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMCAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Marije Langenkamp
- Department of Experimental Vascular MedicineAmsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMCAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Johannes H. M. Levels
- Department of Experimental Vascular MedicineAmsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMCAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - S. Matthijs Boekholdt
- Department of CardiologyAmsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMCAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | | | - Menno Hoekstra
- Division of BioTherapeutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug ResearchLeiden UniversityLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Erik S. G. Stroes
- Department of Vascular MedicineAmsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMCAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - G. Kees Hovingh
- Department of Vascular MedicineAmsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMCAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Aldo Grefhorst
- Department of Experimental Vascular MedicineAmsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMCAmsterdamThe Netherlands
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Bissonnette S, Lamantia V, Ouimet B, Cyr Y, Devaux M, Rabasa-Lhoret R, Chrétien M, Saleh M, Faraj M. Native low-density lipoproteins are priming signals of the NLRP3 inflammasome/interleukin-1β pathway in human adipose tissue and macrophages. Sci Rep 2023; 13:18848. [PMID: 37914804 PMCID: PMC10620147 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-45870-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Elevated plasma numbers of atherogenic apoB-lipoproteins (apoB), mostly as low-density lipoproteins (LDL), predict diabetes risk by unclear mechanisms. Upregulation of the NLRP3 inflammasome/interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) system in white adipose tissue (WAT) is implicated in type 2 diabetes (T2D); however, metabolic signals that stimulate it remain unexplored. We hypothesized that (1) subjects with high-apoB have higher WAT IL-1β-secretion than subjects with low-apoB, (2) WAT IL-1β-secretion is associated with T2D risk factors, and (3) LDL prime and/or activate the WAT NLRP3 inflammasome. Forty non-diabetic subjects were assessed for T2D risk factors related to systemic and WAT glucose and fat metabolism. Regulation of the NLRP3 inflammasome was explored using LDL without/with the inflammasome's priming and activation controls (LPS and ATP). LDL induced IL1B-expression and IL-1β-secretion in the presence of ATP in WAT and macrophages. Subjects with high-apoB had higher WAT IL-1β-secretion independently of covariates. The direction of association of LDL-induced WAT IL-1β-secretion to T2D risk factors was consistently pathological in high-apoB subjects only. Adjustment for IL-1β-secretion eliminated the association of plasma apoB with T2D risk factors. In conclusion, subjects with high-apoB have higher WAT IL-1β-secretion that may explain their risk for T2D and may be related to LDL-induced priming of the NLRP3 inflammasome.ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04496154): Omega-3 to Reduce Diabetes Risk in Subjects With High Number of Particles That Carry "Bad Cholesterol" in the Blood-Full Text View-ClinicalTrials.gov.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Bissonnette
- Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Office 1770.2, 110, Avenue Des Pins Ouest, Montréal, QC, H2W 1R7, Canada
- Montréal Diabetes Research Center (MDRC), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Valérie Lamantia
- Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Office 1770.2, 110, Avenue Des Pins Ouest, Montréal, QC, H2W 1R7, Canada
- Montréal Diabetes Research Center (MDRC), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Benjamin Ouimet
- Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Office 1770.2, 110, Avenue Des Pins Ouest, Montréal, QC, H2W 1R7, Canada
| | - Yannick Cyr
- Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Office 1770.2, 110, Avenue Des Pins Ouest, Montréal, QC, H2W 1R7, Canada
- Montréal Diabetes Research Center (MDRC), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Marie Devaux
- Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Office 1770.2, 110, Avenue Des Pins Ouest, Montréal, QC, H2W 1R7, Canada
| | - Remi Rabasa-Lhoret
- Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Office 1770.2, 110, Avenue Des Pins Ouest, Montréal, QC, H2W 1R7, Canada
- Montréal Diabetes Research Center (MDRC), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Michel Chrétien
- Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Office 1770.2, 110, Avenue Des Pins Ouest, Montréal, QC, H2W 1R7, Canada
| | - Maya Saleh
- Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - May Faraj
- Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Office 1770.2, 110, Avenue Des Pins Ouest, Montréal, QC, H2W 1R7, Canada.
- Montréal Diabetes Research Center (MDRC), Montréal, QC, Canada.
- Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada.
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Deprince A, Hennuyer N, Kooijman S, Pronk ACM, Baugé E, Lienard V, Verrijken A, Dirinck E, Vonghia L, Woitrain E, Kloosterhuis NJ, Marez E, Jacquemain P, Wolters JC, Lalloyer F, Eberlé D, Quemener S, Vallez E, Tailleux A, Kouach M, Goossens J, Raverdy V, Derudas B, Kuivenhoven JA, Croyal M, van de Sluis B, Francque S, Pattou F, Rensen PCN, Staels B, Haas JT. Apolipoprotein F is reduced in humans with steatosis and controls plasma triglyceride-rich lipoprotein metabolism. Hepatology 2023; 77:1287-1302. [PMID: 35735979 PMCID: PMC10026963 DOI: 10.1002/hep.32631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND NAFLD affects nearly 25% of the global population. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the most common cause of death among patients with NAFLD, in line with highly prevalent dyslipidemia in this population. Increased plasma triglyceride (TG)-rich lipoprotein (TRL) concentrations, an important risk factor for CVD, are closely linked with hepatic TG content. Therefore, it is of great interest to identify regulatory mechanisms of hepatic TRL production and remnant uptake in the setting of hepatic steatosis. APPROACH AND RESULTS To identify liver-regulated pathways linking intrahepatic and plasma TG metabolism, we performed transcriptomic analysis of liver biopsies from two independent cohorts of obese patients. Hepatic encoding apolipoprotein F ( APOF ) expression showed the fourth-strongest negatively correlation with hepatic steatosis and the strongest negative correlation with plasma TG levels. The effects of adenoviral-mediated human ApoF (hApoF) overexpression on plasma and hepatic TG were assessed in C57BL6/J mice. Surprisingly, hApoF overexpression increased both hepatic very low density lipoprotein (VLDL)-TG secretion and hepatic lipoprotein remnant clearance, associated a ~25% reduction in plasma TG levels. Conversely, reducing endogenous ApoF expression reduced VLDL secretion in vivo , and reduced hepatocyte VLDL uptake by ~15% in vitro . Transcriptomic analysis of APOF -overexpressing mouse livers revealed a gene signature related to enhanced ApoB-lipoprotein clearance, including increased expression of Ldlr and Lrp1 , among others. CONCLUSION These data reveal a previously undescribed role for ApoF in the control of plasma and hepatic lipoprotein metabolism by favoring VLDL-TG secretion and hepatic lipoprotein remnant particle clearance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Deprince
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011‐ EGID, Lille, France
| | - Nathalie Hennuyer
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011‐ EGID, Lille, France
| | - Sander Kooijman
- Division of Endocrinology, and Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Amanda C. M. Pronk
- Division of Endocrinology, and Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Eric Baugé
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011‐ EGID, Lille, France
| | - Viktor Lienard
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011‐ EGID, Lille, France
| | - An Verrijken
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Paediatrics, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Eveline Dirinck
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Paediatrics, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Luisa Vonghia
- Department of Gastroenterology Hepatology, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Paediatrics, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Eloïse Woitrain
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011‐ EGID, Lille, France
| | - Niels J. Kloosterhuis
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Eléonore Marez
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011‐ EGID, Lille, France
| | - Pauline Jacquemain
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011‐ EGID, Lille, France
| | - Justina C. Wolters
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Fanny Lalloyer
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011‐ EGID, Lille, France
| | - Delphine Eberlé
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011‐ EGID, Lille, France
| | - Sandrine Quemener
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011‐ EGID, Lille, France
| | - Emmanuelle Vallez
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011‐ EGID, Lille, France
| | - Anne Tailleux
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011‐ EGID, Lille, France
| | - Mostafa Kouach
- Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, ULR 7365‐GRITA‐Groupe de Recherche sur les formes Injectables et les Technologies Associées, Lille, France
| | - Jean‐Francois Goossens
- Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, ULR 7365‐GRITA‐Groupe de Recherche sur les formes Injectables et les Technologies Associées, Lille, France
| | - Violeta Raverdy
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1190 ‐ EGID, Lille, France
| | - Bruno Derudas
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011‐ EGID, Lille, France
| | - Jan Albert Kuivenhoven
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Mikaël Croyal
- Université de Nantes, CNRS, INSERM, l'institut du thorax, Nantes, France
- Université de Nantes, CHU Nantes, Inserm, CNRS, SFR Santé, Inserm UMS 016, CNRS UMS 3556, Nantes, France
- CRNH‐Ouest Mass Spectrometry Core Facility, Nantes, France
| | - Bart van de Sluis
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Sven Francque
- Department of Gastroenterology Hepatology, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Paediatrics, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - François Pattou
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1190 ‐ EGID, Lille, France
| | - Patrick C. N. Rensen
- Division of Endocrinology, and Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Bart Staels
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011‐ EGID, Lille, France
| | - Joel T. Haas
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011‐ EGID, Lille, France
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Osorio-Conles Ó, Ibarzabal A, Balibrea JM, Vidal J, Ortega E, de Hollanda A. FABP4 Expression in Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue Is Independently Associated with Circulating Triglycerides in Obesity. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12031013. [PMID: 36769659 PMCID: PMC9917808 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12031013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypertriglyceridemia (HTG) has been associated with an increased risk of pancreatitis and cardiovascular disease. Adipose tissue plays a major role in lipid metabolism, mobilization and distribution. We have compared the histological and transcriptomic profiles of the subcutaneous (SAT) and visceral (VAT) adipose tissues from subjects with severe obesity undergoing bariatric surgery with (Ob-HTG, n = 37) and without HTG (Ob-NTG, n = 67). Mean age and BMI were 51.87 ± 11.21 years, 45.78 ± 6.96 kg/m2 and 50.03 ± 10.17 years, 44.04 ± 4.69 kg/m2, respectively. The Ob-HTG group showed higher levels of glycosylated hemoglobin, fasting plasma glucose, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein and prevalence of hypertension. The degree of fibrosis was increased by 14% in SAT from the Ob-HTG group (p = 0.028), while adipocyte size distribution was comparable. Twenty genes were found differentially expressed in SAT and VAT between study groups. Among them, only SAT expression of FABP4 resulted significantly associated with circulating triglyceride levels after adjusting for other covariates and independently explained 5% of the variance in triglyceride levels in the combined model. This relationship was not found in the cohort of lean or overweight patients with normotriglyceridemia (non-Ob, n = 21). These results emphasize the contribution of SAT to triglyceride concentrations in obesity and indicate that FABP4 may be a potential drug target for the treatment of HTG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Óscar Osorio-Conles
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Monforte de Lemos Ave. 3–5, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Rosselló Street 149, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Correspondence: (Ó.O.-C.); (A.d.H.); Tel.: +34-932-275-707 (ext. 2910) (Ó.O.-C.); +34-932-279-846 (A.d.H.); Fax: +34-932-275-589 (A.d.H.)
| | - Ainitze Ibarzabal
- Gastrointestinal Surgery Department, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Villarroel Street 170, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - José María Balibrea
- Gastrointestinal Surgery Department, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Villarroel Street 170, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Vidal
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Monforte de Lemos Ave. 3–5, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Rosselló Street 149, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Obesity Unit, Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Villarroel Street 170, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Emilio Ortega
- Obesity Unit, Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Villarroel Street 170, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Monforte de Lemos Ave. 3–5, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana de Hollanda
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Rosselló Street 149, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Obesity Unit, Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Villarroel Street 170, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Monforte de Lemos Ave. 3–5, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: (Ó.O.-C.); (A.d.H.); Tel.: +34-932-275-707 (ext. 2910) (Ó.O.-C.); +34-932-279-846 (A.d.H.); Fax: +34-932-275-589 (A.d.H.)
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Chen RB, Wang QY, Wang YY, Wang YD, Liu JH, Liao ZZ, Xiao XH. Feeding-induced hepatokines and crosstalk with multi-organ: A novel therapeutic target for Type 2 diabetes. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1094458. [PMID: 36936164 PMCID: PMC10020511 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1094458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyperglycemia, which can be caused by either an insulin deficit and/or insulin resistance, is the main symptom of Type 2 diabetes, a significant endocrine metabolic illness. Conventional medications, including insulin and oral antidiabetic medicines, can alleviate the signs of diabetes but cannot restore insulin release in a physiologically normal amount. The liver detects and reacts to shifts in the nutritional condition that occur under a wide variety of metabolic situations, making it an essential organ for maintaining energy homeostasis. It also performs a crucial function in glucolipid metabolism through the secretion of hepatokines. Emerging research shows that feeding induces hepatokines release, which regulates glucose and lipid metabolism. Notably, these feeding-induced hepatokines act on multiple organs to regulate glucolipotoxicity and thus influence the development of T2DM. In this review, we focus on describing how feeding-induced cross-talk between hepatokines, including Adropin, Manf, Leap2 and Pcsk9, and metabolic organs (e.g.brain, heart, pancreas, and adipose tissue) affects metabolic disorders, thus revealing a novel approach for both controlling and managing of Type 2 diabetes as a promising medication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong-Bin Chen
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Institution of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Qi-Yu Wang
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Institution of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Wang
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Ya-Di Wang
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Jiang-Hua Liu
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Zhe-Zhen Liao
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
- *Correspondence: Xin-Hua Xiao, ; Zhe-Zhen Liao,
| | - Xin-Hua Xiao
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
- *Correspondence: Xin-Hua Xiao, ; Zhe-Zhen Liao,
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Minato-Inokawa S, Hashiguchi A, Honda M, Tsuboi-Kaji A, Takeuchi M, Kitaoka K, Kurata M, Wu B, Kazumi T, Fukuo K. Weight trajectories since birth, current body composition and metabolic traits in young, normal-weight Japanese women with high percentage body fat. BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care 2022; 10:10/6/e003045. [PMID: 36564085 PMCID: PMC9791389 DOI: 10.1136/bmjdrc-2022-003045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We tested whether normal-weight obesity might be associated with weight trajectories, body composition and metabolic traits. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Body size trajectory since birth, body composition at age 20 years and metabolic traits were compared cross-sectionally among normal-weight Japanese women with low (<25.0%, n=67), normal (25.0-34.9%, n=160) and high (≥35.0 %, n=24) percentage body fat. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to identify most important determinants of normal-weight obesity (high percentage body fat). RESULTS Fasting glucose averaged <84 mg/dL, homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance <1.4 and triglyceride <70 mg/dL and did not differ among three groups. However, waist and trunk/leg fat ratio were higher, and weight-adjusted skeletal muscle mass was lower in normal-weight obesity. Serum and LDL cholesterol, apolipoprotein B (ApoB) and high-sensitivity C reactive protein were higher, and apolipoprotein A1 was lower in normal-weight obesity compared with the other two groups, whereas HDL cholesterol did not differ. Weight gain from birth to age 12 years was higher in normal-weight obesity. In multivariate logistic regression analyses, weight gain until 12 years (OR: 1.17,95% CI 1.02 to 1.34, p=0.02), ApoB (OR: 1.15, 95% CI 1.06 to 1.24, p<0.001) and weight-adjusted skeletal muscle mass (OR: 0.22, 95% CI 0.10 to 0.49, p<0.001) were associated with normal-weight obesity independently of trunk/leg fat ratio, high-sensitivity C reactive protein and apolipoprotein A1. CONCLUSIONS Normal-weight obesity may be associated with early childhood growth, lower skeletal muscle mass and higher serum ApoB in young Japanese women through mechanisms unrelated to abdominal adiposity, inflammation and insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satomi Minato-Inokawa
- Eiyo kagakukenkyujo, Mukogawa Joshi Daigaku, Nishinomiya, Japan
- Laboratory of Community Health and Nutrition, Department of Bioscience, Graduate School of Agriculture, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Ehime, Japan
- Center for the Promotion of Interdisciplinary Education and Research, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Asami Hashiguchi
- Department of Food Sciences and Nutrition, Mukogawa Joshi Daigaku, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Mari Honda
- Open Research Center for Studying of Lifestyle-Related Diseases, Mukogawa Joshi Daigaku, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
- Department of Health, Sports, and Nutrition, Faculty of Health and Welfare, Kobe Women's University, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Ayaka Tsuboi-Kaji
- Eiyo kagakukenkyujo, Mukogawa Joshi Daigaku, Nishinomiya, Japan
- Department of Nutrition, Osaka City Juso Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Mika Takeuchi
- Eiyo kagakukenkyujo, Mukogawa Joshi Daigaku, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Kaori Kitaoka
- Eiyo kagakukenkyujo, Mukogawa Joshi Daigaku, Nishinomiya, Japan
- Department of Advanced Epidemiology, Noncommunicable Disease (NCD) Epidemiology Research Center, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Miki Kurata
- Eiyo kagakukenkyujo, Mukogawa Joshi Daigaku, Nishinomiya, Japan
- Department of Food Sciences and Nutrition, Mukogawa Joshi Daigaku, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Bin Wu
- Open Research Center for Studying of Lifestyle-Related Diseases, Mukogawa Joshi Daigaku, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
- First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Tsutomu Kazumi
- Eiyo kagakukenkyujo, Mukogawa Joshi Daigaku, Nishinomiya, Japan
- Open Research Center for Studying of Lifestyle-Related Diseases, Mukogawa Joshi Daigaku, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
- Department of Medicine, Kohan Kakogawa Hospital, Kakogawa, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Keisuke Fukuo
- Eiyo kagakukenkyujo, Mukogawa Joshi Daigaku, Nishinomiya, Japan
- Department of Food Sciences and Nutrition, Mukogawa Joshi Daigaku, Nishinomiya, Japan
- Open Research Center for Studying of Lifestyle-Related Diseases, Mukogawa Joshi Daigaku, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
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Cyr Y, Lamantia V, Bissonnette S, Burnette M, Besse-Patin A, Demers A, Wabitsch M, Chrétien M, Mayer G, Estall JL, Saleh M, Faraj M. Lower plasma PCSK9 in normocholesterolemic subjects is associated with upregulated adipose tissue surface-expression of LDLR and CD36 and NLRP3 inflammasome. Physiol Rep 2021; 9:e14721. [PMID: 33527668 PMCID: PMC7851436 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.14721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background LDL‐cholesterol lowering variants that upregulate receptor uptake of LDL, such as in PCSK9 and HMGCR, are associated with diabetes via unclear mechanisms. Activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome/interleukin‐1 beta (IL‐1β) pathway promotes white adipose tissue (WAT) dysfunction and type 2 diabetes (T2D) and is regulated by LDL receptors (LDLR and CD36). We hypothesized that: (a) normocholesterolemic subjects with lower plasma PCSK9, identifying those with higher WAT surface‐expression of LDLR and CD36, have higher activation of WAT NLRP3 inflammasome and T2D risk factors, and; (b) LDL upregulate adipocyte NLRP3 inflammasome and inhibit adipocyte function. Methodology Post hoc analysis was conducted in 27 overweight/ obese subjects with normal plasma LDL‐C and measures of disposition index (DI during Botnia clamps) and postprandial fat metabolism. WAT was assessed for surface‐expression of LDLR and CD36 (immunohistochemistry), protein expression (immunoblot), IL‐1β secretion (AlphaLISA), and function (3H‐triolein storage). Results Compared to subjects with higher than median plasma PCSK9, subjects with lower PCSK9 had higher WAT surface‐expression of LDLR (+81%) and CD36 (+36%), WAT IL‐1β secretion (+284%), plasma IL‐1 receptor‐antagonist (+85%), and postprandial hypertriglyceridemia, and lower WAT pro‐IL‐1β protein (−66%), WAT function (−62%), and DI (−28%), without group‐differences in body composition, energy intake or expenditure. Adjusting for WAT LDLR or CD36 eliminated group‐differences in WAT function, DI, and postprandial hypertriglyceridemia. Native LDL inhibited Simpson‐Golabi Behmel‐syndrome (SGBS) adipocyte differentiation and function and increased inflammation. Conclusion Normocholesterolemic subjects with lower plasma PCSK9 and higher WAT surface‐expression of LDLR and CD36 have higher WAT NLRP3 inflammasome activation and T2D risk factors. This may be due to LDL‐induced inhibition of adipocyte function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yannick Cyr
- Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montréal, QC, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Montreal Diabetes Research Center (MDRC), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Valérie Lamantia
- Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montréal, QC, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Montreal Diabetes Research Center (MDRC), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Simon Bissonnette
- Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montréal, QC, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Montreal Diabetes Research Center (MDRC), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Melanie Burnette
- Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montréal, QC, Canada.,Montreal Diabetes Research Center (MDRC), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Aurèle Besse-Patin
- Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montréal, QC, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Montreal Diabetes Research Center (MDRC), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Annie Demers
- Institut de cardiologie de Montréal (ICM), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Martin Wabitsch
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Ulm University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
| | - Michel Chrétien
- Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montréal, QC, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Ottawa Health Research Institute (OHRI), Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Gaétan Mayer
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Ulm University Hospital, Ulm, Germany.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Jennifer L Estall
- Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montréal, QC, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Montreal Diabetes Research Center (MDRC), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Maya Saleh
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Department of Life Sciences and Health, The University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - May Faraj
- Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montréal, QC, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Montreal Diabetes Research Center (MDRC), Montréal, QC, Canada
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Guan Y, Hou X, Tian P, Ren L, Tang Y, Song A, Zhao J, Gao L, Song G. Elevated Levels of Apolipoprotein CIII Increase the Risk of Postprandial Hypertriglyceridemia. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:646185. [PMID: 33967959 PMCID: PMC8103209 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.646185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To investigate possible mechanisms of postprandial hypertriglyceridemia (PPT), we analyzed serum lipid and apolipoprotein (Apo) AI, B, CII and CIII levels before and after a high-fat meal. METHODS The study has been registered with the China Clinical Trial Registry (registration number:ChiCTR1800019514; URL: http://www.chictr.org.cn/index.aspx). We recruited 143 volunteers with normal fasting triglyceride (TG) levels. All subjects consumed a high-fat test meal. Venous blood samples were obtained during fasting and at 2, 4, and 6 hours after the high-fat meal. PPT was defined as TG ≥2.5 mmol/L any time after the meal. Subjects were divided into two groups according to the high-fat meal test results: postprandial normal triglyceride (PNT) and PPT. We compared the fasting and postprandial lipid and ApoAI, ApoB, ApoCII and ApoCIII levels between the two groups. RESULTS Significant differences were found between the groups in fasting insulin, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), TG, total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C), TG-rich lipoprotein remnants (TRLRs), ApoB, ApoCIII, ApoAI/ApoB and ApoCII/ApoCIII. The insulin, HOMA-IR, TG, TC, LDL-C, non-HDL-C, TRLRs, ApoB, ApoCIII and ApoCII/ApoCIII values were higher in the PPT group, while the ApoAI/ApoB ratio was higher in the PNT group. The postprandial TG level peaked in the PNT group 2 hours after the meal but was significantly higher in the PPT group and peaked at 4 hours. TRLRs gradually increased within 6 hours after the high-fat meal in both groups. The area under the curve (AUC) of TG and TRLRs and the AUC increment were higher in the PPT group (P < 0.001). ApoCIII peaked in the PNT group 2 hours after the meal and gradually decreased. ApoCIII gradually increased in the PPT group within 6 hours after the meal, exhibiting a greater AUC increment (P < 0.001). Fasting ApoCIII was positively correlated with age, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, TC, TG, LDL-C, non-HDL-C, TRLRs, and ApoB (P<0.05). ApoCIII was an independent risk factor of PPT after adjustment for BMI, waist circumference, TC, LDL-C, and ApoB (P < 0.001, OR=1.188). CONCLUSIONS Elevated ApoCIII levels may cause PPT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunpeng Guan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xiaoyu Hou
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Peipei Tian
- Department of Endocrinology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, China
| | - Luping Ren
- Department of Endocrinology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yong Tang
- Department of Endocrinology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - An Song
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jiajun Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Ling Gao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Guangyao Song
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
- *Correspondence: Guangyao Song,
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Cyr Y, Bissonnette S, Lamantia V, Wassef H, Loizon E, Ngo Sock ET, Vidal H, Mayer G, Chrétien M, Faraj M. White Adipose Tissue Surface Expression of LDLR and CD36 is Associated with Risk Factors for Type 2 Diabetes in Adults with Obesity. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2020; 28:2357-2367. [PMID: 33043593 DOI: 10.1002/oby.22985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Human conditions with upregulated receptor uptake of low-density lipoproteins (LDL) are associated with diabetes risk, the reasons for which remain unexplored. LDL induce metabolic dysfunction in murine adipocytes. Thus, it was hypothesized that white adipose tissue (WAT) surface expression of LDL receptor (LDLR) and/or CD36 is associated with WAT and systemic metabolic dysfunction. Whether WAT LDLR and CD36 expression is predicted by plasma lipoprotein-related parameters was also explored. METHODS This was a cross-sectional analysis of 31 nondiabetic adults (BMI > 25 kg/m2 ) assessed for WAT surface expression of LDLR and CD36 (immunohistochemistry), WAT function, WAT and systemic inflammation, postprandial fat metabolism, and insulin resistance (IR; hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp). RESULTS Fasting WAT surface expression of LDLR and CD36 was negatively associated with WAT function (3 H-triglyceride storage, r = -0.45 and -0.66, respectively) and positively associated with plasma IL-1 receptor antagonist (r = 0.64 and 0.43, respectively). Their expression was suppressed 4 hours postprandially, and reduced LDLR was further associated with IR (M/Iclamp , r = 0.61 women, r = 0.80 men). Plasma apolipoprotein B (apoB)-to-PCSK9 ratio predicted WAT surface expression of LDLR and CD36, WAT dysfunction, WAT NLRP3 inflammasome priming and disrupted cholesterol-sensing genes, and systemic IR independent of sex and body composition. CONCLUSIONS Higher fasting and lower postprandial WAT surface expression of LDLR and CD36 is associated with WAT dysfunction, systemic inflammation, and IR in adults with overweight/obesity, anomalies that are predicted by higher plasma apoB-to-PCSK9 ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yannick Cyr
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montréal, Quebec, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
- Montreal Diabetes Research Center (MDRC), Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Simon Bissonnette
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montréal, Quebec, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
- Montreal Diabetes Research Center (MDRC), Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Valérie Lamantia
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montréal, Quebec, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
- Montreal Diabetes Research Center (MDRC), Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Hanny Wassef
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Emmanuelle Loizon
- CarMeN laboratory, Lyon University, INSERM, INRA, Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | | | - Hubert Vidal
- CarMeN laboratory, Lyon University, INSERM, INRA, Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Gaétan Mayer
- Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal (ICM), Montréal, Quebec, Canada
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Michel Chrétien
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montréal, Quebec, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
- Ottawa Health Research Institute (OHRI), Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - May Faraj
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montréal, Quebec, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
- Montreal Diabetes Research Center (MDRC), Montréal, Quebec, Canada
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10
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Faraj M. LDL, LDL receptors, and PCSK9 as modulators of the risk for type 2 diabetes: a focus on white adipose tissue. J Biomed Res 2020; 34:251-259. [PMID: 32701068 PMCID: PMC7386410 DOI: 10.7555/jbr.34.20190124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) share many risk factors such as obesity, unhealthy lifestyle, and metabolic syndrome, whose accumulation over years leads to disease onset. However, while lowering plasma low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC) is cardio-protective, novel evidence have recognised a role for common LDLC-lowering variants (e.g. in HMGCR, PCSK9, and LDLR) and widely used hypocholesterolemic drugs that mimic the effects of some of these variants (statins) in higher risk for T2D. As these conditions decrease plasma LDLC by increasing tissue-uptake of LDL, a role for LDL receptor (LDLR) pathway was proposed. While underlying mechanisms remain to be fully elucidated, work from our lab reported that native LDL directly provoke the dysfunction of human white adipose tissue (WAT) and the activation of WAT NLRP3 (Nucleotide-binding domain and Leucine-rich repeat Receptor, containing a Pyrin domain 3) inflammasome, which play a major role in the etiology of T2D. However, while elevated plasma numbers of apolipoprotein B (apoB)-containing lipoproteins (measured as apoB, mostly as LDL) is associated with WAT dysfunction and related risk factors for T2D in our cohort, this relation was strengthened in regression analysis by lower plasma proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9). This supports a central role for upregulated pathway of LDLR and/or other receptors regulated by PCSK9 such as cluster of differentiation 36 (CD36) in LDL-induced anomalies. Targeting receptor-mediated uptake of LDL into WAT may reduce WAT inflammation, WAT dysfunction, and related risk for T2D without increasing the risk for CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- May Faraj
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Division, Montreal Clinical Research Institute, Montréal, Québec H2W 1R7, Canada;Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montréal, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada;Montréal Diabetes Research Center, Montréal, Québec H2X 0A9, Canada
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11
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Zeng H, Chen P, Chang Q, Zheng B, Zhang Y. Hypolipidemic effect of polysaccharides from Fortunella margarita (Lour.) Swingle in hyperlipidemic rats. Food Chem Toxicol 2019; 132:110663. [PMID: 31279046 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.110663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Revised: 06/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The objective was to investigate the hypolipidemic effect of polysaccharides from Fortunellamargarita (Lour.) Swingle (FMPS) in hyperlipidemic rats and the comparative relationship between in vitro and in vivo. After FMPS feeding, the body weight, liver and spleen index of the hyperlipidemic rats decreased significantly, in a dose-dependent manner. The content of triglyceride, total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein and serum non-esterified fatty acid decreased, and high density lipoprotein, and serum lipase significantly increased after FMPS feeding in hyperlipidemic rats. Notably, high-dose FMPS, exhibited effective hypolipidemic activity, as compared with that of simvastatin. Moreover, histopathological micrographs of hepatic tissue and blood vessel morphology indicated that the fat deposition in liver cells decreased, and the vascular endothelial cells were protected by FMPS. Furthermore, the activities of superoxide dismutase, total antioxidant capacity, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione-S-transferase were enhanced, and the content of malondialdehyde was decreased by FMPS feeding in the hyperlipidemic rats. A concentration-dependent response was observed. Similarly to the hypolipidemic effect observed in vitro, the hypolipidemic effect of FMPS in hyperlipidemic rats was achieved by decreasing the lipid content and enhancing the activity of antioxidant enzymes. Thus, FMPS had a major role in regulating the lipid metabolism disorder in hyperlipidemic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongliang Zeng
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality Science and Processing Technology in Special Starch, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China; China-Ireland International Cooperation Centre for Food Material Science and Structure Design, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Peilin Chen
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Qing Chang
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality Science and Processing Technology in Special Starch, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Baodong Zheng
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality Science and Processing Technology in Special Starch, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China.
| | - Yi Zhang
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality Science and Processing Technology in Special Starch, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China; China-Ireland International Cooperation Centre for Food Material Science and Structure Design, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China.
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12
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Provost V, Lamantia V, Bissonnette S, Cyr Y, Faraj M. Increased fiber intake predicts the decrease in 2nd phase glucose-induced hyperinsulinemia following a hypocaloric diet in obese subjects. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2019; 29:504-512. [PMID: 30948306 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2019.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Revised: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Higher fiber intake is associated with increased insulin sensitivity (IS) and reduced glucose-induced insulin secretion (GIIS) during isocaloric-diets; however, its role in hypocaloric-diets is unclear. We examined whether increased fiber intake predicts the amelioration in IS and GIIS following a hypocaloric-diet. METHODS AND RESULTS This is a post-hoc analysis of 55 adult subjects (BMI > 27 kg/m2) who completed a 6-month hypocaloric-diet (-500 kcal/day). Dietary intake was assessed using 3-day food records at baseline and post-intervention. We evaluated glucose-induced insulin and C-peptide secretions as AUC of plasma insulin and C-peptide during intravenous-glucose-tolerance tests (IVGTT) and IS via hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamps. Data analysis employed regression models and 2-way RM ANOVAs. Post-intervention % change in fiber intake was associated positively with ISclamp (r = 0.30) and negatively with % change in total (r = -0.37) and 2nd phase GIISIVGTT (r = -0.44) but not C-peptide secretion. It remained associated with lower 2nd phase GIISIVGTT after adjustment for sex and % changes in BMI and energy-intake, independently of other macronutrients. Subjects who increased fiber intake (to 28.7 ± 9.0 g/day) had a greater decrease in 2nd phase GIISIVGTT, not C-peptide secretion, independently of sex or changes in adiposity or energy-intake compared to subjects who decreased intake (to 20.0 ± 6.8 g/day). CONCLUSION Higher fiber intake is an independent predictor of reduced 2nd phase glucose-induced hyperinsulinemia after a hypocaloric-diet. It was not associated with plasma C-peptide, suggesting a role in faster insulin clearance rather reduced insulin secretion. Promoting high-fiber intake may increase the effectiveness of hypocaloric-diets in preventing type 2 diabetes. REGISTRATION ISRCTN14476404, BioMedCentral.com. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION This trial was registered at BioMed Central as ISRCTN14476404, on July 28th, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Provost
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (IRCM) and Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - V Lamantia
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (IRCM) and Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - S Bissonnette
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (IRCM) and Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Y Cyr
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (IRCM) and Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - M Faraj
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (IRCM) and Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
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13
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Lamantia V, Bissonnette S, Provost V, Devaux M, Cyr Y, Daneault C, Rosiers CD, Faraj M. The Association of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid δ-5-Desaturase Activity with Risk Factors for Type 2 Diabetes Is Dependent on Plasma ApoB-Lipoproteins in Overweight and Obese Adults. J Nutr 2019; 149:57-67. [PMID: 30535058 PMCID: PMC6351138 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxy238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background δ-5 and δ-6 desaturases (D5D and D6D) catalyze the endogenous conversion of n-3 (ω-3) and n-6 (ω-6) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). Their activities are negatively and positively associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D), respectively, by unclear mechanisms. Elevated plasma apoB-lipoproteins (measured as plasma apoB), which can be reduced by n-3 PUFA intake, promote T2D risk factors. Objective The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that the association of D5D and D6D activities with T2D risk factors is dependent on plasma apoB. Methods This is a pooled analysis of 2 populations recruited for 2 different metabolic studies. It is a post hoc analysis of baseline data of these subjects [n = 98; 60% women (postmenopausal); mean ± SD body mass index (in kg/m2): 32.8 ± 4.7; mean ± SD age: 57.6 ± 6.3 y]. Glucose-induced insulin secretion (GIIS) and insulin sensitivity (IS) were measured using Botnia clamps. Plasma clearance of a high-fat meal (600 kcal/m2, 66% fat) and white adipose tissue (WAT) function (storage of 3H-triolein-labeled substrate) were assessed in a subpopulation (n = 47). Desaturase activities were estimated from plasma phospholipid fatty acids. Associations were examined using Pearson and partial correlations. Results While both desaturase activities were positively associated with percentage of eicosapentaenoic acid, only D5D was negatively associated with plasma apoB (r = -0.30, P = 0.003). Association of D5D activity with second-phase GIIS (r = -0.23, P = 0.029), IS (r = 0.33, P = 0.015, in women) and 6-h area-under-the-curve (AUC6h) of plasma chylomicrons (apoB48, r = -0.47, P = 0.020, in women) was independent of age and adiposity, but was eliminated after adjustment for plasma apoB. D6D activity was associated in the opposite direction with GIIS (r = 0.24, P = 0.049), IS (r = -0.36, P = 0.004) and AUC6h chylomicrons (r = 0.52, P = 0.004), independent of plasma apoB. Both desaturases were associated with plasma interleukin-1-receptor antagonist (D5D: r = -0.45, P < 0.001 in women; D6D: r = -0.33, P = 0.007) and WAT function (trend for D5D: r = 0.30, P = 0.05; D6D: r = 0.39, P = 0.027) independent of any adjustment. Conclusions Association of D5D activity with IS, lower GIIS, and plasma chylomicron clearance is dependent on plasma apoB in overweight and obese adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valérie Lamantia
- Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec,Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montréal, Québec
| | - Simon Bissonnette
- Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec,Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montréal, Québec
| | - Viviane Provost
- Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec,Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montréal, Québec
| | - Marie Devaux
- Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec,Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montréal, Québec
| | - Yannick Cyr
- Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec,Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montréal, Québec
| | | | - Christine Des Rosiers
- Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec,Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal (ICM), Montréal, Québec
| | - May Faraj
- Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec,Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montréal, Québec,Montreal Diabetes Research Center (MDRC), Montréal, Québec,Address correspondence to MF (e-mail: )
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14
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Bissonnette S, Saint-Pierre N, Lamantia V, Leroux C, Provost V, Cyr Y, Rabasa-Lhoret R, Faraj M. High plasma apolipoprotein B identifies obese subjects who best ameliorate white adipose tissue dysfunction and glucose-induced hyperinsulinemia after a hypocaloric diet. Am J Clin Nutr 2018; 108:62-76. [PMID: 29917037 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqy070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To optimize the prevention of type 2 diabetes (T2D), high-risk obese subjects with the best metabolic recovery after a hypocaloric diet should be targeted. Apolipoprotein B lipoproteins (apoB lipoproteins) induce white adipose tissue (WAT) dysfunction, which in turn promotes postprandial hypertriglyceridemia, insulin resistance (IR), and hyperinsulinemia. Objective The aim of this study was to explore whether high plasma apoB, or number of plasma apoB lipoproteins, identifies subjects who best ameliorate WAT dysfunction and related risk factors after a hypocaloric diet. Design Fifty-nine men and postmenopausal women [mean ± SD age: 58 ± 6 y; body mass index (kg/m2): 32.6 ± 4.6] completed a prospective study with a 6-mo hypocaloric diet (-500 kcal/d). Glucose-induced insulin secretion (GIIS) and insulin sensitivity (IS) were measured by 1-h intravenous glucose-tolerance test (IVGTT) followed by a 3-h hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp, respectively. Ex vivo gynoid WAT function (i.e., hydrolysis and storage of 3H-triolein-labeled triglyceride-rich lipoproteins) and 6-h postprandial plasma clearance of a 13C-triolein-labeled high-fat meal were measured in a subsample (n = 25). Results Postintervention first-phase GIISIVGTT and total C-peptide secretion decreased in both sexes, whereas second-phase and total GIISIVGTT and clamp IS were ameliorated in men (P < 0.05). Baseline plasma apoB was associated with a postintervention increase in WAT function (r = 0.61) and IS (glucose infusion rate divided by steady state insulin (M/Iclamp) r = 0.30) and a decrease in first-phase, second-phase, and total GIISIVGTT (r = -0.30 to -0.35) without sex differences. The association with postintervention amelioration in WAT function and GIISIVGTT was independent of plasma cholesterol (total, LDL, and HDL), sex, and changes in body composition. Subjects with high baseline plasma apoB (1.2 ± 0.2 g/L) showed a significant increase in WAT function (+105%; P = 0.012) and a decrease in total GIISIVGTT (-34%; P ≤ 0.001), whereas sex-matched subjects with low plasma apoB (0.7 ± 0.1 g/L) did not, despite equivalent changes in body composition and energy intake and expenditure. Conclusions High plasma apoB identifies obese subjects who best ameliorate WAT dysfunction and glucose-induced hyperinsulinemia, independent of changes in adiposity after consumption of a hypocaloric diet. We propose that subjects with high plasma apoB represent an optimal target group for the primary prevention of T2D by hypocaloric diets. This trial was registered at BioMed Central as ISRCTN14476404.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Bissonnette
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Montreal Diabetes Research Center, Montreal (MDRC), Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Valerie Lamantia
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Montreal Diabetes Research Center, Montreal (MDRC), Quebec, Canada
| | - Catherine Leroux
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Viviane Provost
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Montreal Diabetes Research Center, Montreal (MDRC), Quebec, Canada
| | - Yannick Cyr
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Montreal Diabetes Research Center, Montreal (MDRC), Quebec, Canada
| | - Remi Rabasa-Lhoret
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Montreal Diabetes Research Center, Montreal (MDRC), Quebec, Canada
| | - May Faraj
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Montreal Diabetes Research Center, Montreal (MDRC), Quebec, Canada
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15
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ApoB-lipoproteins and dysfunctional white adipose tissue: Relation to risk factors for type 2 diabetes in humans. J Clin Lipidol 2017; 11:34-45.e2. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jacl.2016.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2016] [Revised: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 09/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Abstract
AbstractPlasma apoB is a more accurate marker of the risk of CVD and type 2 diabetes (T2D) than LDL-cholesterol; however, nutritional reviews targeting apoB are scarce. Here we reviewed eighty-seven nutritional studies and present conclusions in order of strength of evidence. Plasma apoB was reduced in all studies that induced weight loss of 6–12 % using hypoenergetic diets (seven studies; 5440–7110 kJ/d; 1300–1700 kcal/d; 34–50 % carbohydrates; 27–39 % fat; 18–24 % protein). When macronutrients were compared in isoenergetic diets (eleven studies including eight randomised controlled trials (RCT); n 1189), the diets that reduced plasma apoB were composed of 26–51 % carbohydrates, 26–46 % fat, 11–32 % protein, 10–27 % MUFA, 5–14 % PUFA and 7–13 % SFA. Replacement of carbohydrate by MUFA, not SFA, decreased plasma apoB. Moreover, dietary enriching with n-3 fatty acids (FA) (from fish: 1·1–1·7 g/d or supplementation: 3·2–3·4 g/d EPA/DHA or 4 g/d EPA), psyllium (about 8–20 g/d), phytosterols (about 2–4 g/d) or nuts (30–75 g/d) also decreased plasma apoB, mostly in hyperlipidaemic subjects. While high intake of trans-FA (4·3–9·1 %) increased plasma apoB, it is unlikely that these amounts represent usual consumption. Inconsistent data existed on the effect of soya proteins (25–30 g/d), while the positive association of alcohol consumption with low plasma apoB was reported in cross-sectional studies only. Five isoenergetic studies using Mediterranean diets (including two RCT; 823 subjects) reported a decrease of plasma apoB, while weaker evidence existed for Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH), vegetarian, Nordic and Palaeolithic diets. We recommend using a Mediterranean dietary pattern, which also encompasses the dietary components reported to reduce plasma apoB, to target hyperapoB and reduce the risks of CVD and T2D.
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Cyr Y, Wassef H, Bissonnette S, Lamantia V, Davignon J, Faraj M. WAT apoC-I secretion: role in delayed chylomicron clearance in vivo and ex vivo in WAT in obese subjects. J Lipid Res 2016; 57:1074-85. [PMID: 27040450 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.p064170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Reduced white adipose tissue (WAT) LPL activity delays plasma clearance of TG-rich lipoproteins (TRLs). We reported the secretion of apoC-I, an LPL inhibitor, from WAT ex vivo in women. Therefore we hypothesized that WAT-secreted apoC-I associates with reduced WAT LPL activity and TRL clearance. WAT apoC-I secretion averaged 86.9 ± 31.4 pmol/g/4 h and 74.1 ± 36.6 pmol/g/4 h in 28 women and 11 men with BMI ≥27 kg/m(2), respectively, with no sex differences. Following the ingestion of a (13)C-triolein-labeled high-fat meal, subjects with high WAT apoC-I secretion (above median) had delayed postprandial plasma clearance of dietary TRLs, assessed from plasma (13)C-triolein-labeled TGs and apoB48. They also had reduced hydrolysis and storage of synthetic (3)H-triolein-labeled ((3)H)-TRLs in WAT ex vivo (i.e., in situ LPL activity). Adjusting for WAT in situ LPL activity eliminated group differences in chylomicron clearance; while adjusting for plasma apoC-I, (3)H-NEFA uptake by WAT, or body composition did not. apoC-I inhibited in situ LPL activity in adipocytes in both a concentration- and time-dependent manner. There was no change in postprandial WAT apoC-I secretion. WAT apoC-I secretion may inhibit WAT LPL activity and promote delayed chylomicron clearance in overweight and obese subjects. We propose that reducing WAT apoC-I secretion ameliorates postprandial TRL clearance in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yannick Cyr
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montréal, Québec, Canada Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada Montreal Diabetes Research Center (MDRC), Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Hanny Wassef
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montréal, Québec, Canada Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada Montreal Diabetes Research Center (MDRC), Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Simon Bissonnette
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montréal, Québec, Canada Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada Montreal Diabetes Research Center (MDRC), Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Valerie Lamantia
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montréal, Québec, Canada Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada Montreal Diabetes Research Center (MDRC), Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Jean Davignon
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montréal, Québec, Canada Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - May Faraj
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montréal, Québec, Canada Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada Montreal Diabetes Research Center (MDRC), Montréal, Québec, Canada
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Ohara T, Muroyama K, Yamamoto Y, Murosaki S. Oral intake of a combination of glucosyl hesperidin and caffeine elicits an anti-obesity effect in healthy, moderately obese subjects: a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial. Nutr J 2016; 15:6. [PMID: 26786000 PMCID: PMC4717600 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-016-0123-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2015] [Accepted: 01/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We have previously shown that a combination of glucosyl hesperidin (G-hesperidin) plus caffeine reduces accumulation of body fat, whereas G-hesperidin or caffeine alone shows little effect on high-fat diet-induced obesity in mice. The aim of this study is to evaluate the anti-obesity effect of G-hesperidin plus caffeine on body fat and serum TG in healthy subjects with moderately high body mass index (BMI) and serum TG. Since we considered that there are individual differences in caffeine sensitivity, we conducted dose-finding study of caffeine combined with G-hesperidin. Methods Seventy-five healthy subjects with moderately high BMI (24–30 kg/m2) and serum TG (100–250 mg/dl) were divided and assigned to 12-week intervention with daily intakes of 500 mg of G-hesperidin with or without 25, 50, or 75 mg of caffeine, or placebo in a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled design . Results After intervention, decreases in abdominal fat area (AFA), especially subcutaneous fat area (SFA), were significantly greater in the G-hesperidin with 50-mg caffeine group (AFA:-8.4 ± 21.9 v.s. 16.3 ± 34.1 cm2; p < 0.05, SFA: -9.3 ± 17.1 v.s. 11.2 ± 18.3 cm2; p < 0.01) and in the G-hesperidin with 75-mg caffeine group (AFA:-17.0 ± 31.4 v.s. 16.3 ± 34.1 cm2; p < 0.01, SFA: -12.4 ± 18.7 v.s. 11.2 ± 18.3 cm2; p < 0.01) than in the placebo group. Fat-decreasing effects of G-hesperidin were enhanced dose-dependently by caffeine addition. BMI decreases were significantly greater in the G-hesperidin with 75-mg caffeine group than in the placebo group (-0.56 ± 0.74 v.s. -0.02 ± 0.58 kg/m2; p < 0.05). G-hesperidin with/without caffeine had no effect on serum TG (p > 0.05 v.s. placebo). Conclusions These data suggested that a combination of 500-mg G-hesperidin with 50- or 75-mg caffeine may be useful for the prevention or treatment of obesity. Trial registration UMIN Clinical Trials Registry 000019241.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuya Ohara
- Research & Development Institute, House Wellness Foods Corporation, 3-20 Imoji, Itami, Hyogo, 664-0011, Japan.
| | - Koutarou Muroyama
- Research & Development Institute, House Wellness Foods Corporation, 3-20 Imoji, Itami, Hyogo, 664-0011, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Yamamoto
- Research & Development Institute, House Wellness Foods Corporation, 3-20 Imoji, Itami, Hyogo, 664-0011, Japan
| | - Shinji Murosaki
- Research & Development Institute, House Wellness Foods Corporation, 3-20 Imoji, Itami, Hyogo, 664-0011, Japan
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19
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Bissonnette S, Saint-Pierre N, Lamantia V, Cyr Y, Wassef H, Faraj M. Plasma IL-1Ra: linking hyperapoB to risk factors for type 2 diabetes independent of obesity in humans. Nutr Diabetes 2015; 5:e180. [PMID: 26417659 PMCID: PMC4657760 DOI: 10.1038/nutd.2015.30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2015] [Accepted: 07/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background/Objective: Plasma apoB predicts the incidence of type 2 diabetes (T2D); however, the link between apoB-linpoproteins and risks for T2D remain unclear. Insulin resistance (IR) and compensatory hyperinsulinemia characterize prediabetes, and the involvement of an activated interleukin-1 (IL-1) family, mainly IL-1β and its receptor antagonist (IL-Ra), is well documented. ApoB-lipoproteins were reported to promote IL-1β secretion in immune cells; however, in vivo evidence is lacking. We hypothesized that obese subjects with hyperapoB have an activated IL-1 system that explains hyperinsulinemia and IR in these subjects. Subjects/Methods: We examined 81 well-characterized normoglycemic men and postmenopausal women (⩾27 kg m−2, 45–74 years, non-smokers, sedentary, free of chronic disease). Insulin secretion and sensitivity were measured by the gold-standard Botnia clamp, which is a combination of a 1-h intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT) followed by 3-h hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp. Results: Plasma IL-1β was near detection limit (0.071–0.216 pg ml−1), while IL-1Ra accumulated at 1000-folds higher (77–1068 pg ml−1). Plasma apoB (0.34–1.80 g l−1) associated significantly with hypersinsulinemia (totalIVGTT: C-peptide r=0.27, insulin r=0.22), IR (M/I=−0.29) and plasma IL-1Ra (r=0.26) but not with IL-1β. Plasma IL-1Ra associated with plasma IL-1β (r=0.40), and more strongly with hyperinsulinemia and IR than apoB, while the association of plasma IL-1β was limited to second phase and total insulin secretion (r=0.23). Adjusting the association of plasma apoB to hyperinsulinemia and IR for IL-1Ra eliminated these associations. Furthermore, despite equivalent body composition, subjects with hyperapoB (⩾80th percentile, 1.14 g l−1) had higher C-peptide secretion and lower insulin sensitivity than those with low plasma apoB (⩽20th percentile, 0.78 g l−1). Adjustment for plasma IL-1 Ra eliminated all group differences. Conclusion: Plasma apoB is associated with hyperinsulinemia and IR in normoglycemic obese subjects, which is eliminated upon adjustment for plasma IL-1Ra. This may implicate the IL-1 family in elevated risks for T2D in obese subjects with hyperapoB.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Bissonnette
- Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Département de Nutrition, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Montreal Diabetes Research Center (MDRC), Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - N Saint-Pierre
- Département de Nutrition, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - V Lamantia
- Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Département de Nutrition, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Montreal Diabetes Research Center (MDRC), Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Y Cyr
- Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Département de Nutrition, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - H Wassef
- Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Département de Nutrition, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Montreal Diabetes Research Center (MDRC), Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - M Faraj
- Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Département de Nutrition, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Montreal Diabetes Research Center (MDRC), Montréal, Québec, Canada
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Wassef H, Bissonnette S, Saint-Pierre N, Lamantia V, Cyr Y, Chrétien M, Faraj M. The apoB-to-PCSK9 ratio: A new index for metabolic risk in humans. J Clin Lipidol 2015; 9:664-75. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jacl.2015.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2015] [Revised: 05/08/2015] [Accepted: 06/23/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Aguilar D, Fernandez ML. Hypercholesterolemia induces adipose dysfunction in conditions of obesity and nonobesity. Adv Nutr 2014; 5:497-502. [PMID: 25469381 PMCID: PMC4188221 DOI: 10.3945/an.114.005934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
It is well known that hypercholesterolemia can lead to atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease. Adipose tissue represents an active endocrine and metabolic site, which might be involved in the development of chronic disease. Because adipose tissue is a key site for cholesterol metabolism and the presence of hypercholesterolemia has been shown to induce adipocyte cholesterol overload, it is critical to investigate the role of hypercholesterolemia on normal adipose function. Studies in preadipocytes revealed that cholesterol accumulation can impair adipocyte differentiation and maturation by affecting multiple transcription factors. Hypercholesterolemia has been observed to cause adipocyte hypertrophy, adipose tissue inflammation, and disruption of endocrine function in animal studies. Moreover, these effects can also be observed in obesity-independent conditions as confirmed by clinical trials. In humans, hypercholesterolemia disrupts adipose hormone secretion of visfatin, leptin, and adiponectin, adipokines that play a central role in numerous metabolic pathways and regulate basic physiologic responses such as appetite and satiety. Remarkably, treatment with cholesterol-lowering drugs has been shown to restore adipose tissue endocrine function. In this review the role of hypercholesterolemia on adipose tissue differentiation and maturation, as well as on hormone secretion and physiologic outcomes, in obesity and non–obesity conditions is presented.
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