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Cetin E, Pedersen B, Porter LM, Adler GK, Burak MF. Protocol for a randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial using pure palmitoleic acid to ameliorate insulin resistance and lipogenesis in overweight and obese subjects with prediabetes. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 14:1306528. [PMID: 38313838 PMCID: PMC10835623 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1306528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Palmitoleic acid (POA), a nonessential, monounsaturated omega-7 fatty acid (C16:1n7), is a lipid hormone secreted from adipose tissue and has beneficial effects on distant organs, such as the liver and muscle. Interestingly, POA decreases lipogenesis in toxic storage sites such as the liver and muscle, and paradoxically increases lipogenesis in safe storage sites, such as adipose tissue. Furthermore, higher POA levels in humans are correlated with better insulin sensitivity, an improved lipid profile, and a lower incidence of type-2 diabetes and cardiovascular pathologies, such as myocardial infarction. In preclinical animal models, POA improves glucose intolerance, dyslipidemia, and steatosis of the muscle and liver, while improving insulin sensitivity and secretion. This double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial tests the hypothesis that POA increases insulin sensitivity and decreases hepatic lipogenesis in overweight and obese adult subjects with pre-diabetes. Important to note, that this is the first study ever to use pure (>90%) POA with < 0.3% palmitic acid (PA), which masks the beneficial effects of POA. The possible positive findings may offer a therapeutic and/or preventative pathway against diabetes and related immunometabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ecesu Cetin
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Brian Pedersen
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Lindsey M. Porter
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Gail K. Adler
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Mehmet Furkan Burak
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Sabri Ulker Center, Department of Molecular Metabolism, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
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Yi W, Liu Y, Fu S, Zhuo J, Wang J, Shan T. Dietary novel alkaline protease from Bacillus licheniformis improves broiler meat nutritional value and modulates intestinal microbiota and metabolites. Anim Microbiome 2024; 6:1. [PMID: 38184648 PMCID: PMC10770948 DOI: 10.1186/s42523-023-00287-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Different types of exogenous protease supplements have a positive impact on animal performance, but their effects on the nutritional value of meat and the gut microbial community of broilers have not been extensively studied. The objective of this investigation was to determine the impact of supplementation with a novel alkaline protease derived from Bacillus licheniformis (at doses of 0, 100, 200, 300, and 400 g/t) on the fatty acid and amino acid profiles, inosine monophosphate (IMP) levels, total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N) content found within the breast muscle, as well as the impact on the cecal microbiota and metabolites. RESULTS Supplementation with 200-400 g/t of the novel protease resulted in a significant elevation in the concentration of essential amino acids (P < 0.001), flavor amino acids (P < 0.001), and total protein (P = 0.013) within the breast muscle. Results derived from the 16S rRNA sequencing and untargeted metabolomics analysis of the cecal content revealed that the novel protease reshaped the cecal microbial and metabolite profiles. In particular, it led to increased relative abundances of Bacteroides, Lactobacillus, Alistipes, and Eubacterium, while simultaneously causing a reduction in the metabolites of D-lactic acid and malonic acid. Moreover, correlation analyses unveiled significant relationships between distinct microbes and metabolites with the contents of IMP, fatty acids, and amino acids in the broiler's breast muscle. CONCLUSION In summary, the novel protease regulated the intestinal microbial community and metabolism, thereby inducing changes in the compositions of fatty acids and amino acids profiles, as well as IMP levels in broiler meat. These alterations significantly contributed to the enhancement of the nutritional value and flavor of the meat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wuzhou Yi
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of Feed and Animal Nutrition, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanjie Liu
- Jinan Bestzyme Bio-Engineering Co., Ltd, Jinan, China
| | - Shijun Fu
- Shandong Binzhou Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Academy, Binzhou, China
| | - Jianshu Zhuo
- Jinan Bestzyme Bio-Engineering Co., Ltd, Jinan, China
| | | | - Tizhong Shan
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, China.
- Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of Feed and Animal Nutrition, Hangzhou, China.
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Yin S, Xu H, Xia J, Lu Y, Xu D, Sun J, Wang Y, Liao W, Sun G. Effect of Alpha-Linolenic Acid Supplementation on Cardiovascular Disease Risk Profile in Individuals with Obesity or Overweight: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Adv Nutr 2023; 14:1644-1655. [PMID: 37778442 PMCID: PMC10721518 DOI: 10.1016/j.advnut.2023.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Overweight and obesity are highly prevalent worldwide and are associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors, including systematic inflammation, dyslipidemia, and hypertension. Alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) is a plant-based essential polyunsaturated fatty acid associated with reduced CVD risks. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate the effects of supplementation with ALA compared with the placebo on CVD risk factors in people with obesity or overweight (International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews Registration No. CRD42023429563). This review included studies with adults using oral supplementation or food or combined interventions containing vegetable sources of ALA. All studies were randomly assigned trials with parallel or crossover designs. The Cochrane Collaboration tool was used for assessing the risk of bias (Version 1). PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane library databases were searched from inception to April 2023. Nineteen eligible randomized controlled trials, including 1183 participants, were included in the meta-analysis. Compared with placebo, dietary ALA supplementation significantly reduced C-reactive protein concentration (standardized mean difference [SMD] = -0.38 mg/L; 95% confidence interval [CI]: -0.72, -0.04), tumor necrosis factor-α concentration (SMD = -0.45 pg/mL; 95% CI: -0.73, -0.17), triglyceride in serum (SMD = -4.41 mg/dL; 95% CI: -5.99, -2.82), and systolic blood pressure (SMD = -0.37 mm Hg; 95% CI: -0.66, -0.08); but led to a significant increase in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations (SMD = 1.32 mg/dL; 95% CI: 0.05, 2.59). ALA supplementation had no significant effect on interleukin-6, diastolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, or high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (all P ≥ 0.05). Subgroup analysis revealed that ALA supplementation at a dose of ≥3 g/d from flaxseed and flaxseed oil had a more prominent effect on improving CVD risk profiles, particularly where the intervention duration was ≥12 wk and where the baseline CVD profile was poor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyu Yin
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hai Xu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China; Department of Food Processing and Safety, College of Biology and Food Engineering, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiayue Xia
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yifei Lu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Dengfeng Xu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jihan Sun
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wang Liao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China; China-DRIs Expert Committee on Macronutrients, Chinese Nutrition Society, Beijing, China
| | - Guiju Sun
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China; China-DRIs Expert Committee on Macronutrients, Chinese Nutrition Society, Beijing, China.
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Venn-Watson S, Schork NJ. Pentadecanoic Acid (C15:0), an Essential Fatty Acid, Shares Clinically Relevant Cell-Based Activities with Leading Longevity-Enhancing Compounds. Nutrients 2023; 15:4607. [PMID: 37960259 PMCID: PMC10649853 DOI: 10.3390/nu15214607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Pentadecanoic acid (C15:0) is an essential odd-chain saturated fatty acid with broad activities relevant to protecting cardiometabolic, immune, and liver health. C15:0 activates AMPK and inhibits mTOR, both of which are core components of the human longevity pathway. To assess the potential for C15:0 to enhance processes associated with longevity and healthspan, we used human cell-based molecular phenotyping assays to compare C15:0 with three longevity-enhancing candidates: acarbose, metformin, and rapamycin. C15:0 (n = 36 activities in 10 of 12 cell systems) and rapamycin (n = 32 activities in 12 of 12 systems) had the most clinically relevant, dose-dependent activities. At their optimal doses, C15:0 (17 µM) and rapamycin (9 µM) shared 24 activities across 10 cell systems, including anti-inflammatory (e.g., lowered MCP-1, TNFα, IL-10, IL-17A/F), antifibrotic, and anticancer activities, which are further supported by previously published in vitro and in vivo studies. Paired with prior demonstrated abilities for C15:0 to target longevity pathways, hallmarks of aging, aging rate biomarkers, and core components of type 2 diabetes, heart disease, cancer, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, our results support C15:0 as an essential nutrient with activities equivalent to, or surpassing, leading longevity-enhancing candidate compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Venn-Watson
- Epitracker Inc., San Diego, CA 92106, USA
- Seraphina Therapeutics, Inc., San Diego, CA 92106, USA;
| | - Nicholas J. Schork
- Seraphina Therapeutics, Inc., San Diego, CA 92106, USA;
- Translational Genomics Research Institute (TGen), City of Hope, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA
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Huybrechts I, Jacobs I, Aglago EK, Yammine S, Matta M, Schmidt JA, Casagrande C, Nicolas G, Biessy C, Van Puyvelde H, Scalbert A, Derksen JWG, van der Schouw YT, Grioni S, Amiano P, Halkjær J, Tjønneland A, Huerta JM, Luján-Barroso L, Palli D, Gunter MJ, Perez-Cornago A, Chajès V. Associations between Fatty Acid Intakes and Plasma Phospholipid Fatty Acid Concentrations in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition. Nutrients 2023; 15:3695. [PMID: 37686727 PMCID: PMC10489906 DOI: 10.3390/nu15173695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study is to determine the correlations between dietary fatty acid (FA) intakes and plasma phospholipid (PL) FA levels in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort. METHODS The dietary intake of 60 individual FAs was estimated using centre-specific validated dietary questionnaires. Plasma PL FA concentrations of these FAs were measured in non-fasting venous plasma samples in nested case-control studies within the EPIC cohort (n = 4923, using only non-cases). Spearman rank correlations were calculated to determine associations between FA intakes and plasma PL FA levels. RESULTS Correlations between FA intakes and circulating levels were low to moderately high (-0.233 and 0.554). Moderate positive correlations were found for total long-chain n-3 poly-unsaturated FA (PUFA) (r = 0.354) with the highest (r = 0.406) for n-3 PUFA docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). Moderate positive correlations were also found for the non-endogenously synthesized trans-FA (r = 0.461 for total trans-FA C16-18; r = 0.479 for industrial trans-FA (elaidic acid)). CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that dietary FA intakes might influence the plasma PL FA status to a certain extent for several specific FAs. The stronger positive correlations for health-enhancing long-chain PUFAs and the health-deteriorating trans-FA that are not endogenously produced are valuable for future cancer prevention public health interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inge Huybrechts
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, CEDEX 07, 69366 Lyon, France; (I.J.); (E.K.A.); (S.Y.); (M.M.); (C.C.); (G.N.); (C.B.); (H.V.P.); (A.S.); (M.J.G.); (V.C.)
| | - Inarie Jacobs
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, CEDEX 07, 69366 Lyon, France; (I.J.); (E.K.A.); (S.Y.); (M.M.); (C.C.); (G.N.); (C.B.); (H.V.P.); (A.S.); (M.J.G.); (V.C.)
| | - Elom K. Aglago
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, CEDEX 07, 69366 Lyon, France; (I.J.); (E.K.A.); (S.Y.); (M.M.); (C.C.); (G.N.); (C.B.); (H.V.P.); (A.S.); (M.J.G.); (V.C.)
| | - Sahar Yammine
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, CEDEX 07, 69366 Lyon, France; (I.J.); (E.K.A.); (S.Y.); (M.M.); (C.C.); (G.N.); (C.B.); (H.V.P.); (A.S.); (M.J.G.); (V.C.)
| | - Michèle Matta
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, CEDEX 07, 69366 Lyon, France; (I.J.); (E.K.A.); (S.Y.); (M.M.); (C.C.); (G.N.); (C.B.); (H.V.P.); (A.S.); (M.J.G.); (V.C.)
| | - Julie A. Schmidt
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LF, UK; (J.A.S.); (A.P.-C.)
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus University, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Corinne Casagrande
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, CEDEX 07, 69366 Lyon, France; (I.J.); (E.K.A.); (S.Y.); (M.M.); (C.C.); (G.N.); (C.B.); (H.V.P.); (A.S.); (M.J.G.); (V.C.)
| | - Geneviève Nicolas
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, CEDEX 07, 69366 Lyon, France; (I.J.); (E.K.A.); (S.Y.); (M.M.); (C.C.); (G.N.); (C.B.); (H.V.P.); (A.S.); (M.J.G.); (V.C.)
| | - Carine Biessy
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, CEDEX 07, 69366 Lyon, France; (I.J.); (E.K.A.); (S.Y.); (M.M.); (C.C.); (G.N.); (C.B.); (H.V.P.); (A.S.); (M.J.G.); (V.C.)
| | - Heleen Van Puyvelde
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, CEDEX 07, 69366 Lyon, France; (I.J.); (E.K.A.); (S.Y.); (M.M.); (C.C.); (G.N.); (C.B.); (H.V.P.); (A.S.); (M.J.G.); (V.C.)
| | - Augustin Scalbert
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, CEDEX 07, 69366 Lyon, France; (I.J.); (E.K.A.); (S.Y.); (M.M.); (C.C.); (G.N.); (C.B.); (H.V.P.); (A.S.); (M.J.G.); (V.C.)
| | - Jeroen W. G. Derksen
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3584 EA Utrecht, The Netherlands; (J.W.G.D.); (Y.T.v.d.S.)
| | - Yvonne T. van der Schouw
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3584 EA Utrecht, The Netherlands; (J.W.G.D.); (Y.T.v.d.S.)
| | - Sara Grioni
- Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy;
| | - Pilar Amiano
- Ministry of Health of the Basque Government, Sub Directorate for Public Health and Addictions of Gipuzkoa, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain;
- Epidemiology of Chronic and Communicable Diseases Group, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Jytte Halkjær
- Department of Diet, Genes and Environment, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, University of Copenhagen, Strandboulevarden 49, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; (J.H.); (A.T.)
| | - Anne Tjønneland
- Department of Diet, Genes and Environment, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, University of Copenhagen, Strandboulevarden 49, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; (J.H.); (A.T.)
| | - José M. Huerta
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- Department of Epidemiology, Regional Health Council, IMIB-Arrixaca, 30005 Murcia, Spain
| | - Leila Luján-Barroso
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology—IDIBELL, 08908 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain;
- Nutrition and Cancer Group, Epidemiology, Public Health, Cancer Prevention and Palliative Care Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute—IDIBELL, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Av. Granvia 199-203, 08908 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Domenico Palli
- Cancer Risk Factors and Life-Style Epidemiology Unit, Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network (ISPRO), 50139 Florence, Italy;
| | - Marc J. Gunter
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, CEDEX 07, 69366 Lyon, France; (I.J.); (E.K.A.); (S.Y.); (M.M.); (C.C.); (G.N.); (C.B.); (H.V.P.); (A.S.); (M.J.G.); (V.C.)
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, UK
| | - Aurora Perez-Cornago
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LF, UK; (J.A.S.); (A.P.-C.)
| | - Véronique Chajès
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, CEDEX 07, 69366 Lyon, France; (I.J.); (E.K.A.); (S.Y.); (M.M.); (C.C.); (G.N.); (C.B.); (H.V.P.); (A.S.); (M.J.G.); (V.C.)
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Sakr HF, Sirasanagandla SR, Das S, Bima AI, Elsamanoudy AZ. Insulin Resistance and Hypertension: Mechanisms Involved and Modifying Factors for Effective Glucose Control. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2271. [PMID: 37626767 PMCID: PMC10452601 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11082271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Factors such as aging, an unhealthy lifestyle with decreased physical activity, snacking, a standard Western diet, and smoking contribute to raising blood pressure to a dangerous level, increasing the risk of coronary artery disease and heart failure. Atherosclerosis, or aging of the blood vessels, is a physiological process that has accelerated in the last decades by the overconsumption of carbohydrates as the primary sources of caloric intake, resulting in increased triglycerides and VLDL-cholesterol and insulin spikes. Classically, medications ranging from beta blockers to angiotensin II blockers and even calcium channel blockers were used alone or in combination with lifestyle modifications as management tools in modern medicine to control arterial blood pressure. However, it is not easy to control blood pressure or the associated complications. A low-carbohydrate, high-fat (LCHF) diet can reduce glucose and insulin spikes, improve insulin sensitivity, and lessen atherosclerosis risk factors. We reviewed articles describing the etiology of insulin resistance (IR) and its impact on arterial blood pressure from databases including PubMed, PubMed Central, and Google Scholar. We discuss how the LCHF diet is beneficial to maintaining arterial blood pressure at normal levels, slowing down the progression of atherosclerosis, and reducing the use of antihypertensive medications. The mechanisms involved in IR associated with hypertension are also highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hussein F. Sakr
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat 123, Oman
| | - Srinivasa Rao Sirasanagandla
- Department of Human and Clinical Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat 123, Oman; (S.R.S.); (S.D.)
| | - Srijit Das
- Department of Human and Clinical Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat 123, Oman; (S.R.S.); (S.D.)
| | - Abdulhadi I. Bima
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21465, Saudi Arabia; (A.I.B.); (A.Z.E.)
| | - Ayman Z. Elsamanoudy
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21465, Saudi Arabia; (A.I.B.); (A.Z.E.)
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Kim HY, Moon JY, Cho SK. Heptadecanoic Acid, an Odd-Chain Fatty Acid, Induces Apoptosis and Enhances Gemcitabine Chemosensitivity in Pancreatic Cancer Cells. J Med Food 2023; 26:201-210. [PMID: 36716276 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2022.k.0061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Odd-chain saturated fatty acids generally serve as specific biomarkers of dietary components and dairy intake, some of which have anticancer properties. This study was performed to assess the anticancer effects of heptadecanoic acid (HDNA) in human pancreatic carcinoma cells. MTT (thiazolyl blue tetrazolium bromide) assay showed that HDNA exerted stronger cytotoxic effects than pentadecanoic acid, palmitic acid (16:0), stearic acid (18:0), oleic acid (18:1), and linoleic acid (18:2) on both Panc-1 and MIA PaCa-2 pancreatic cancer cells. In addition, HDNA reduced colony formation and induced apoptosis in these pancreatic cancer cells as indicated by Hoechst 33342 staining, Annexin V/propidium iodide staining, cell cycle analysis, and Western blotting analysis in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, HDNA synergistically reduced cell viability and promoted apoptosis when combined with gemcitabine (GEM), a chemotherapeutic agent commonly used in the treatment of pancreatic cancer. GEM-resistant MIA PaCa-2 (GR-MIA PaCa-2) cells with a resistance indices (RI) value of 215.09 [RI = half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of GR-MIA PaCa-2 cells/IC50 of MIA PaCa-2 cells] were established, and the efficacy of HDNA on GEM chemosensitivity was confirmed. Surprisingly, HDNA exhibited even higher antiproliferative efficacy against GR-MIA PaCa-2 cells (IC50 = 71.45 ± 6.37 μM) than parental MIA PaCa-2 cells (IC50 = 77.47 ± 2.10 μM). Finally, HDNA treatment inhibited the Hippo pathway and induced apoptosis of GR-MIA PaCa-2 cells. These findings suggest the beneficial effects of a HDNA-rich diet during pancreatic cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee Young Kim
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Advanced Convergence Technology and Science, Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea
| | - Jeong Yong Moon
- Subtropical/Tropical Organism Gene Bank, Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea
| | - Somi Kim Cho
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Advanced Convergence Technology and Science, Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea.,Subtropical/Tropical Organism Gene Bank, Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea.,Faculty of Biotechnology, College of Applied Life Sciences, SARI, Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea
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Correlations between Fatty Acid Profile and Body Fat Distribution in Postmenopausal Women-A Cross Sectional Study. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14183865. [PMID: 36145241 PMCID: PMC9502591 DOI: 10.3390/nu14183865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to assess the fatty acid profile of the whole blood of postmenopausal women, taking into account anthropometric parameters. The study involved 156 healthy women with an average age of 60 (SD = 6.3 years) years who were living in the West Pomerania Province (Poland). An original questionnaire was presented to all patients, conducting anthropometric measurements of them: weight, height, waist and hip circumference, body mass index (BMI), waist–hip ratio (WHR) and body adipose index (BAI), as well as an assessment of the fatty acid profile by employing gas chromatography. It has been observed that in menopausal women, the concentration of C16:1 increases with respect to their BMI (r = 0.205 p = 0.01). Similar correlations were noted with regard to body weight (C16:1 r = 0.177 p = 0.029). It was also shown that the concentration of C18trans11 (r = −0.166 p = 0.039), 18:2n6 (r = −0.165 p = 0.04) and n6/n9 (r = −0.194 p = 0.015) were negatively correlated with respect to their WHR, while the levels C16:1 (r = 0.22 p = 0.006), C18:1n9 (r = 0.22 p = 0.007), C24:1 (r = 0.251 p = 0.002), MUFA (r = 0.227 p = 0.046) and n9 (r = 0.224 p = 0.005) were correlated positively with respect to their BAI. The fatty acid profile of the whole blood of postmenopausal women is modulated to a poor extent by anthropometric variables. Therefore, more prospective research is warranted.
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Takic M, Pokimica B, Petrovic-Oggiano G, Popovic T. Effects of Dietary α-Linolenic Acid Treatment and the Efficiency of Its Conversion to Eicosapentaenoic and Docosahexaenoic Acids in Obesity and Related Diseases. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27144471. [PMID: 35889342 PMCID: PMC9317994 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27144471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The essential fatty acid alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) is present in high amounts in oils such as flaxseed, soy, hemp, rapeseed, chia, and perilla, while stearidonic acid is abundant in echium oil. ALA is metabolized to eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) by desaturases and elongases in humans. The conversion of ALA to EPA and DHA is limited, and these long-chain n−3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are mainly provided from dietary sources (fish and seafood). This review provides an overview of studies that explored the effects of dietary supplementation with ALA in obesity and related diseases. The obesity-associated changes of desaturase and elongase activities are summarized, as they could influence the metabolic conversion of ALA. Generally, supplementation with ALA or ALA-rich oils leads to an increase in EPA levels and has no effect on DHA or omega-3 index. According to the literature data, stearidonic acid could enhance conversion of ALA to long-chain n−3 PUFA in obesity. Recent studies confirm that EPA and DHA intake should be considered as a primary dietary treatment strategy for improving the omega-3 index in obesity and related diseases.
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10
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Sources of Variation in Food-Related Metabolites during Pregnancy. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14122503. [PMID: 35745237 PMCID: PMC9227758 DOI: 10.3390/nu14122503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The extent to which variation in food-related metabolites are attributable to non-dietary factors remains unclear, which may explain inconsistent food-metabolite associations observed in population studies. This study examined the association between non-dietary factors and the serum concentrations of food-related biomarkers and quantified the amount of variability in metabolite concentrations explained by non-dietary factors. Pregnant women (n = 600) from two Canadian birth cohorts completed a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire, and serum metabolites were measured by multisegment injection-capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry. Hierarchical linear modelling and principal component partial R-square (PC-PR2) were used for data analysis. For proline betaine and DHA (mainly exogenous), citrus foods and fish/fish oil intake, respectively, explained the highest proportion of variability relative to non-dietary factors. The unique contribution of dietary factors was similar (15:0, 17:0, hippuric acid, TMAO) or lower (14:0, tryptophan betaine, 3-methylhistidine, carnitine) compared to non-dietary factors (i.e., ethnicity, maternal age, gestational age, pre-pregnancy BMI, physical activity, and smoking) for metabolites that can either be produced endogenously, biotransformed by gut microbiota, and/or derived from multiple food sources. The results emphasize the importance of adjusting for non-dietary factors in future analyses to improve the accuracy and precision of the measures of food intake and their associations with health and disease.
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11
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The Bioactive Compounds and Fatty Acid Profile of Bitter Apple Seed Oil Obtained in Hot, Arid Environments. HORTICULTURAE 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/horticulturae8030259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Bitter apple or tumba (Citrullus colocynthis L.) is a prostrate annual herb belonging to the Cucurbitaceae family. It is highly tolerant against multiple abiotic stresses like drought, heat, and soil salinity and can easily grow on very marginal soil, even on sand dunes in hot, arid regions. Tumba fruit is a fleshy berry 5–10 cm in diameter and of a pale yellow color at ripening. The tumba fruit used in this research was harvested from the ICAR-CIAH, Bikaner research farm. The seeds were separated, and their oil was extracted to analyze its physical characteristics and composition (phytochemical compounds, fatty acid profile, etc.). The seeds of the tumba fruit contained 23–25% golden-yellow-colored oil with a specific gravity of 0.92 g/mL. The extracted oil contained appreciable amounts of phytochemical (bioactive) compounds like phenolics (5.39 mg GAE/100 g), flavonoids (938 mg catechin eq./100 g), carotenoids (79.5 mg/kg), oryzanol (0.066%), and lignans (0.012%), along with 70–122 mg AAE/100 g total antioxidant activity (depending on the determination method). The results of fatty acid profiling carried out by GC-MS/MS demonstrated that tumba seed oil contained about 70% unsaturated fatty acids with more than 51% polyunsaturated fatty acids. It mainly contained linoleic acid (C18:2n6; 50.3%), followed by oleic acid (C18:1n9; 18.0%), stearic acid (C18:0; 15.2%), and palmitic acid (C16:0; 12.4%). Therefore, this oil can be considered as a very good source of essential fatty acids like omega-6 fatty acid (linoleic acid), whereas it contains a lower concentration of omega-3 fatty acids (α-linolenic acid) and hydroxy polyunsaturated fatty acids. In addition, it also contains some odd chain fatty acids like pentadecanoic and heptadecanoic acid (C15:0 and C17:0, respectively), which have recently been demonstrated to be bioactive compounds in reducing the risk of cardiometabolic diseases. The results of this study suggest that tumba seed oil contains several health-promoting bioactive compounds with nutraceutical properties; hence, it can be an excellent dietary source.
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12
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Abdoul-Aziz SKA, Zhang Y, Wang J. Milk Odd and Branched Chain Fatty Acids in Dairy Cows: A Review on Dietary Factors and Its Consequences on Human Health. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:3210. [PMID: 34827941 PMCID: PMC8614267 DOI: 10.3390/ani11113210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This review highlights the importance of odd and branched chain fatty acids (OBCFAs) and dietary factors that may affect the content of milk OBCFAs in dairy cows. Historically, OBCFAs in cow milk had little significance due to their low concentrations compared to other milk fatty acids (FAs). The primary source of OBCFAs is ruminal bacteria. In general, FAs and OBCFAs profile in milk is mainly affected by dietary FAs and FAs metabolism in the rumen. Additionally, lipid mobilization in the body and FAs metabolism in mammary glands affect the milk OBCFAs profile. In cows, supplementation with fat rich in linoleic acid and α-linolenic acid decrease milk OBCFAs content, whereas supplementation with marine algae or fish oil increase milk OBCFAs content. Feeding more forage rather than concentrate increases the yield of some OBCFAs in milk. A high grass silage rate in the diet may increase milk total OBCFAs. In contrast to saturated FAs, OBCFAs have beneficial effects on cardiovascular diseases and type II diabetes. Furthermore, OBCFAs may have anti-cancer properties and prevent Alzheimer's disease and metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jiaqi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing 100193, China; (S.K.A.A.-A.); (Y.Z.)
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13
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Aglago EK, Murphy N, Huybrechts I, Nicolas G, Casagrande C, Fedirko V, Weiderpass E, Rothwell JA, Dahm CC, Olsen A, Tjønneland A, Kaaks R, Katzke V, Schulze MB, Masala G, Agnoli C, Panico S, Tumino R, Sacerdote C, Bueno-de-Mesquita BH, Derksen JWG, Skeie G, Gram IT, Brustad M, Jakszyn P, Sánchez MJ, Amiano P, Huerta JM, Ericson U, Wennberg M, Perez-Cornago A, Heath AK, Jenab M, Chajes V, Gunter MJ. Dietary intake and plasma phospholipid concentrations of saturated, monounsaturated and trans fatty acids and colorectal cancer risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition cohort. Int J Cancer 2021; 149:865-882. [PMID: 33913149 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.33615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Epidemiologic studies examining the association between specific fatty acids and colorectal cancer (CRC) risk are inconclusive. We investigated the association between dietary estimates and plasma levels of individual and total saturated (SFA), monounsaturated (MUFA), industrial-processed trans (iTFA), and ruminant-sourced trans (rTFA) fatty acids, and CRC risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). Baseline fatty acid intakes were estimated in 450 112 participants (6162 developed CRC, median follow-up = 15 years). In a nested case-control study, plasma phospholipid fatty acids were determined by gas chromatography in 433 colon cancer cases and 433 matched controls. Multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were computed using Cox and conditional logistic regression, respectively. Dietary total SFA (highest vs lowest quintile, HRQ5vsQ1 = 0.80; 95%CI:0.69-0.92), myristic acid (HRQ5vsQ1 = 0.83, 95%CI:0.74-0.93) and palmitic acid (HRQ5vsQ1 = 0.81, 95%CI:0.70-0.93) were inversely associated with CRC risk. Plasma myristic acid was also inversely associated with colon cancer risk (highest vs lowest quartile, ORQ4vsQ1 = 0.51; 95%CI:0.32-0.83), whereas a borderline positive association was found for plasma stearic acid (ORQ4vsQ1 = 1.63; 95%CI:1.00-2.64). Dietary total MUFA was inversely associated with colon cancer (per 1-SD increment, HR1-SD = 0.92, 95%CI: 0.85-0.98), but not rectal cancer (HR1-SD = 1.04, 95%CI:0.95-1.15, Pheterogeneity = 0.027). Dietary iTFA, and particularly elaidic acid, was positively associated with rectal cancer (HR1-SD = 1.07, 95%CI:1.02-1.13). Our results suggest that total and individual saturated fatty acids and fatty acids of industrial origin may be relevant to the aetiology of CRC. Both dietary and plasma myristic acid levels were inversely associated with colon cancer risk, which warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elom K Aglago
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Neil Murphy
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Inge Huybrechts
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Geneviève Nicolas
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Corinne Casagrande
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Veronika Fedirko
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Elisabete Weiderpass
- Office of the Director, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Joseph A Rothwell
- CESP, Faculté de médecine-Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INSERM, Villejuif, France
- Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | | | - Anja Olsen
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Public Health, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Anne Tjønneland
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Rudolf Kaaks
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Foundation under Public Law, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Verena Katzke
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Foundation under Public Law, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Matthias B Schulze
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
- Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Giovanna Masala
- Cancer Risk Factors and Life-Style Epidemiology Unit, Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network -ISPRO, Florence, Italy
| | - Claudia Agnoli
- Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Salvatore Panico
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Rosario Tumino
- Cancer Registry and Histopathology Department, Provincial Health Authority (ASP 7), Ragusa, Italy
| | - Carlotta Sacerdote
- Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, Città della Salute e della Scienza University-Hospital, Turin, Italy
| | - Bas H Bueno-de-Mesquita
- Former senior scientist, Dept. for Determinants of Chronic Diseases (DCD), National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen W G Derksen
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Guri Skeie
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Community Medicine, University of Tromsø, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Inger Torhild Gram
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Community Medicine, University of Tromsø, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Magritt Brustad
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Community Medicine, University of Tromsø, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Paula Jakszyn
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Programme, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO-IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
- Blanquerna School of Health Sciences, Ramon Llull University, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria-Jose Sánchez
- Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública (EASP), Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar Amiano
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Public Health Division of Gipuzkoa, BioDonostia Research Institute, Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
| | - José María Huerta
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Epidemiology, Murcia Regional Health Council, IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - Ulrika Ericson
- Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Maria Wennberg
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Sustainable Health, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Aurora Perez-Cornago
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Alicia K Heath
- School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Mazda Jenab
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Veronique Chajes
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Marc J Gunter
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), World Health Organization, Lyon, France
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14
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Shen Y, Sen A, Turgeon DK, Ren J, Graifman G, Ruffin MT, Smith WL, Brenner DE, Djuric Z. Changes in Serum, Red Blood Cell, and Colonic Fatty Acids in a Personalized Omega-3 Fatty Acid Supplementation Trial. Nutr Cancer 2021; 74:565-578. [PMID: 33757398 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2021.1903950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated changes in fatty acids from sera, red blood cells, and colonic biopsies from a phase Ib clinical trial of personalized ω-3 fatty acid dosing in 47 healthy volunteers. The trial aimed to reduce colonic prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), a pro-inflammatory product of arachidonic acid (AA) oxidation. The personalized doses ranged 2-10 grams/day (54% eicosapentaenoic acid, EPA, 24% other ω-3 fatty acids). In colon, increases in ω-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFA) and EPA:AA ratios each were correlated with decreases in PGE2. Changes in either colonic EPA:AA ratios or ω-3 HUFA were significantly correlated with changes in the same fatty acid measures in red blood cells or serum. The only blood-based measure significantly correlated with changes in colonic PGE2 was change in red blood cell ω-3 HUFA (ρ = -0.39), and the increase in red blood cell ω-3 HUFA was significantly greater in participants who had at least a median reduction in colonic PGE2 vs. those who did not. In summary, fatty acid changes in blood did reflect fatty acid changes in the colon, but additional factors will be needed for optimizing dosing models that seek to predict the anti-inflammatory effects of ω-3 fatty acids on the colon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Shen
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.,Department of Family Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.,Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Ananda Sen
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.,Department of Family Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.,Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - D Kim Turgeon
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.,Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Jianwei Ren
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.,Department of Family Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Gillian Graifman
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.,Department of Family Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Mack T Ruffin
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Penn State, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - William L Smith
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Dean E Brenner
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.,Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Zora Djuric
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.,Department of Family Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.,Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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15
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Kim J, Hoang Nguyen Tran P, Lee SM. Current Challenges and Opportunities in Non-native Chemical Production by Engineered Yeasts. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 8:594061. [PMID: 33381497 PMCID: PMC7767886 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.594061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Yeasts are promising industrial hosts for sustainable production of fuels and chemicals. Apart from efficient bioethanol production, yeasts have recently demonstrated their potential for biodiesel production from renewable resources. The fuel-oriented product profiles of yeasts are now expanding to include non-native chemicals with the advances in synthetic biology. In this review, current challenges and opportunities in yeast engineering for sustainable production of non-native chemicals will be discussed, with a focus on the comparative evaluation of a bioethanol-producing Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain and a biodiesel-producing Yarrowia lipolytica strain. Synthetic pathways diverging from the distinctive cellular metabolism of these yeasts guide future directions for product-specific engineering strategies for the sustainable production of non-native chemicals on an industrial scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiwon Kim
- Clean Energy Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Phuong Hoang Nguyen Tran
- Clean Energy Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, South Korea.,Division of Energy and Environment Technology, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Sun-Mi Lee
- Clean Energy Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, South Korea.,Division of Energy and Environment Technology, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, South Korea.,Green School, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
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16
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Lope V, Del Pozo MDP, Criado-Navarro I, Pérez-Gómez B, Pastor-Barriuso R, Ruiz E, Castelló A, Lucas P, Sierra Á, Salas-Trejo D, Llobet R, Martínez I, Romieu I, Chajès V, Priego-Capote F, Pollán M. Serum Phospholipid Fatty Acids and Mammographic Density in Premenopausal Women. J Nutr 2020; 150:2419-2428. [PMID: 32584993 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxaa168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of fatty acids (FAs) on mammographic density (MD) is unclear, and available studies are based on self-reported dietary intake. OBJECTIVES This study assessed the association between specific serum phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs) and MD in premenopausal women. METHODS The cross-sectional study DDM-Madrid recruited 1392 Spanish premenopausal women, aged 39-50 y, who attended a screening in a breast radiodiagnosis unit of Madrid City Council. Women completed lifestyle questionnaires and FFQs. Percentage MD was estimated using a validated computer tool (DM-Scan), and serum PLFA percentages were measured by GC-MS. Multivariable linear regression models were used to quantify the association of FA tertiles with MD. Models were adjusted for age, education, BMI, waist circumference, parity, oral contraceptive use, previous breast biopsies, and energy intake, and they were corrected for multiple testing. RESULTS Women in the third tertile of SFAs showed significantly higher MD compared with those in the first tertile (βT3vsT1 = 7.53; 95% CI: 5.44, 9.61). Elevated relative concentrations of palmitoleic (βT3vsT1 = 3.12; 95% CI: 0.99, 5.25) and gondoic (βT3vsT1 = 2.67; 95% CI: 0.57, 4.77) MUFAs, as well as high relative concentrations of palmitelaidic (βT3vsT1 = 5.22; 95% CI: 3.15, 7.29) and elaidic (βT3vsT1 = 2.69; 95% CI: 0.59, 4.79) trans FAs, were also associated with higher MD. On the contrary, women with elevated relative concentrations of n-6 (ω-6) linoleic (βT3vsT1 = -5.49; 95% CI; -7.62, -3.35) and arachidonic (βT3vsT1 = -4.68; 95% CI: -6.79, -2.58) PUFAs showed lower MD. Regarding desaturation indices, an elevated palmitoleic to palmitic ratio and a low ratio of oleic to steric and arachidonic to dihomo-γ-linolenic acids were associated with higher MD. CONCLUSIONS Spanish premenopausal women with high relative concentrations of most SFAs and some MUFAs and trans FAs showed an increased MD, whereas those with high relative concentrations of some n-6 PUFAs presented lower density. These results, which should be confirmed in further studies, underscore the importance of analyzing serum FAs individually.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginia Lope
- Cancer and Environmental Epidemiology Unit, Department of Epidemiology of Chronic Diseases, National Center for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health, CIBERESP, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Del Pilar Del Pozo
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Public Health, and Microbiology, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Criado-Navarro
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Annex Marie Curie Building, Campus of Rabanales, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
- Maimónides Institute of Biomedical Research, Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Beatriz Pérez-Gómez
- Cancer and Environmental Epidemiology Unit, Department of Epidemiology of Chronic Diseases, National Center for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health, CIBERESP, Madrid, Spain
| | - Roberto Pastor-Barriuso
- Cancer and Environmental Epidemiology Unit, Department of Epidemiology of Chronic Diseases, National Center for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health, CIBERESP, Madrid, Spain
| | - Emma Ruiz
- Cancer and Environmental Epidemiology Unit, Department of Epidemiology of Chronic Diseases, National Center for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health, CIBERESP, Madrid, Spain
| | - Adela Castelló
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health, CIBERESP, Madrid, Spain
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar Lucas
- Cancer and Environmental Epidemiology Unit, Department of Epidemiology of Chronic Diseases, National Center for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health, CIBERESP, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ángeles Sierra
- Cancer and Environmental Epidemiology Unit, Department of Epidemiology of Chronic Diseases, National Center for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health, CIBERESP, Madrid, Spain
| | - Dolores Salas-Trejo
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health, CIBERESP, Madrid, Spain
- Valencian Breast Cancer Screening Program, General Directorate of Public Health, Valencia, Spain
- Center for Public Health Research CSISP, FISABIO, Valencia, Spain
| | - Rafael Llobet
- Institute of Computer Technology, Polytechnic University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Martínez
- Valencian Breast Cancer Screening Program, General Directorate of Public Health, Valencia, Spain
- Center for Public Health Research CSISP, FISABIO, Valencia, Spain
| | - Isabelle Romieu
- Center for Research on Population Health, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Mexico
- Huber Department of Global Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Véronique Chajès
- Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Feliciano Priego-Capote
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Annex Marie Curie Building, Campus of Rabanales, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
- Maimónides Institute of Biomedical Research, Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Marina Pollán
- Cancer and Environmental Epidemiology Unit, Department of Epidemiology of Chronic Diseases, National Center for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health, CIBERESP, Madrid, Spain
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17
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Jiang Z, Hayashi T, Kashima K, Kurotani K, Shirouchi B, Mizoue T, Sato M. Alteration of Serum Phospholipid n‐6 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Compositions inNonalcoholicFatty Liver Disease in the Japanese Population: A Cross‐Sectional Study. Lipids 2020; 55:599-614. [DOI: 10.1002/lipd.12251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Jiang
- Laboratory of Nutrition Chemistry, Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Graduate School Kyushu University 744 Motooka Nishi‐ku, Fukuoka 819‐0395 Japan
| | - Takuya Hayashi
- Laboratory of Nutrition Chemistry, Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Graduate School Kyushu University 744 Motooka Nishi‐ku, Fukuoka 819‐0395 Japan
| | - Kentaro Kashima
- Laboratory of Nutrition Chemistry, Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Graduate School Kyushu University 744 Motooka Nishi‐ku, Fukuoka 819‐0395 Japan
| | - Kayo Kurotani
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Center for Clinical Sciences National Center for Global Health and Medicine 1‐21‐1, Toyama, Shinjuku‐ku, Tokyo 162‐8655 Japan
- Department of Nutritional Epidemiology and Shokuiku, National Institute of Health and Nutrition National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition 1‐23‐1 Toyama, Shinjuku‐ku, Tokyo 162‐8636 Japan
| | - Bungo Shirouchi
- Laboratory of Nutrition Chemistry, Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Graduate School Kyushu University 744 Motooka Nishi‐ku, Fukuoka 819‐0395 Japan
| | - Tetsuya Mizoue
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Center for Clinical Sciences National Center for Global Health and Medicine 1‐21‐1, Toyama, Shinjuku‐ku, Tokyo 162‐8655 Japan
| | - Masao Sato
- Laboratory of Nutrition Chemistry, Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Graduate School Kyushu University 744 Motooka Nishi‐ku, Fukuoka 819‐0395 Japan
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18
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Deng S, Li D, Liu X, Cai Z, Wei W, Chen J, Zhang L. Serum metabolomic investigations of mulberry leaf powder supplementation in Chinese Erhualian pigs. JOURNAL OF ANIMAL AND FEED SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.22358/jafs/124043/2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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19
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del Pozo MDP, Lope V, Criado-Navarro I, Pastor-Barriuso R, Fernández de Larrea N, Ruiz E, Castelló A, Lucas P, Sierra Á, Romieu I, Chajès V, Priego-Capote F, Pérez-Gómez B, Pollán M. Serum Phospholipid Fatty Acids Levels, Anthropometric Variables and Adiposity in Spanish Premenopausal Women. Nutrients 2020; 12:E1895. [PMID: 32630591 PMCID: PMC7353394 DOI: 10.3390/nu12061895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigates the still uncertain association between serum phospholipid fatty acids (PL-FA), and anthropometric and adiposity variables. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 1443 Spanish premenopausal women. Participants answered an epidemiological and a food frequency questionnaire. Anthropometric variables were measured using a bioimpedance scale. Serum PL-FAs levels were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The association between body mass index (BMI), weight gain, body fat percentage, visceral fat index, and waist circumference with serum PL-FAs and desaturation indices was evaluated using multivariable linear regression models. BMI was positively associated with the relative concentration of saturated fatty acids (SFAs) (β = 0.94, q-val = 0.001), and with palmitoleic, dihomo-γ-linolenic (DGLA), arachidonic (AA) and α-linolenic acids, and was inversely associated with oleic, gondoic, trans-vaccenic, linoleic and γ-linolenic acids. Total fat percentage was positively associated with DGLA and AA, and inversely with linoleic and γ-linolenic acids. Low relative concentrations of some SFAs and high levels of n-6 PUFAs were associated with greater waist circumference. While the oleic/stearic and AA/DGLA acid ratios were inversely associated with BMI, DGLA/linoleic acid ratio was positively related to almost all variables. In addition to BMI, total fat percentage and waist circumference were also associated with certain individual fatty acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- María del Pilar del Pozo
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Public Health and Microbiology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), 28049 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Virginia Lope
- Department of Epidemiology of Chronic Diseases, National Center for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (R.P.-B.); (N.F.d.L.); (E.R.); (A.C.); (P.L.); (Á.S.); (B.P.-G.); (M.P.)
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health, CIBERESP, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Criado-Navarro
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Annex Marie Curie Building, Campus of Rabanales, University of Córdoba, 14014 Córdoba, Spain; (I.C.-N.); (F.P.-C.)
- Maimónides Institute of Biomedical Research (IMIBIC), Reina Sofia University Hospital, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Roberto Pastor-Barriuso
- Department of Epidemiology of Chronic Diseases, National Center for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (R.P.-B.); (N.F.d.L.); (E.R.); (A.C.); (P.L.); (Á.S.); (B.P.-G.); (M.P.)
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health, CIBERESP, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Nerea Fernández de Larrea
- Department of Epidemiology of Chronic Diseases, National Center for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (R.P.-B.); (N.F.d.L.); (E.R.); (A.C.); (P.L.); (Á.S.); (B.P.-G.); (M.P.)
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health, CIBERESP, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Emma Ruiz
- Department of Epidemiology of Chronic Diseases, National Center for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (R.P.-B.); (N.F.d.L.); (E.R.); (A.C.); (P.L.); (Á.S.); (B.P.-G.); (M.P.)
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health, CIBERESP, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Adela Castelló
- Department of Epidemiology of Chronic Diseases, National Center for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (R.P.-B.); (N.F.d.L.); (E.R.); (A.C.); (P.L.); (Á.S.); (B.P.-G.); (M.P.)
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health, CIBERESP, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, 28871 Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar Lucas
- Department of Epidemiology of Chronic Diseases, National Center for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (R.P.-B.); (N.F.d.L.); (E.R.); (A.C.); (P.L.); (Á.S.); (B.P.-G.); (M.P.)
| | - Ángeles Sierra
- Department of Epidemiology of Chronic Diseases, National Center for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (R.P.-B.); (N.F.d.L.); (E.R.); (A.C.); (P.L.); (Á.S.); (B.P.-G.); (M.P.)
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health, CIBERESP, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Isabelle Romieu
- Center for Research on Population Health, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca 62100, Mexico;
- Huber Department of Global Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
| | - Véronique Chajès
- Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 69008 Lyon, France;
| | - Feliciano Priego-Capote
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Annex Marie Curie Building, Campus of Rabanales, University of Córdoba, 14014 Córdoba, Spain; (I.C.-N.); (F.P.-C.)
- Maimónides Institute of Biomedical Research (IMIBIC), Reina Sofia University Hospital, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Beatriz Pérez-Gómez
- Department of Epidemiology of Chronic Diseases, National Center for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (R.P.-B.); (N.F.d.L.); (E.R.); (A.C.); (P.L.); (Á.S.); (B.P.-G.); (M.P.)
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health, CIBERESP, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Marina Pollán
- Department of Epidemiology of Chronic Diseases, National Center for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (R.P.-B.); (N.F.d.L.); (E.R.); (A.C.); (P.L.); (Á.S.); (B.P.-G.); (M.P.)
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health, CIBERESP, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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20
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Nono Nankam PA, van Jaarsveld PJ, Chorell E, Fortuin-de Smidt MC, Adams K, Blüher M, Olsson T, Mendham AE, Goedecke JH. Circulating and Adipose Tissue Fatty Acid Composition in Black South African Women with Obesity: A Cross-Sectional Study. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12061619. [PMID: 32486525 PMCID: PMC7352715 DOI: 10.3390/nu12061619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims: During positive energy balance, excess lipid storage in subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) is associated with increased lipolysis. Elevated circulating fatty acid (FA) concentrations from both SAT lipolysis and dietary fat intake may result in visceral adipose tissue (VAT) accumulation, impairment of glucose metabolism, altogether increasing obesity-associated metabolic risks. We aimed to test the hypothesis that FA composition of red blood cell total phospholipids (RBC-TPL) and SAT is associated with body fat centralisation (VAT/SAT ratio) and insulin sensitivity (SI) in black South African women with obesity. Methods: Participants’ (n = 41) body fat composition and distribution, SI, and RBC-TPL, abdominal and gluteal SAT (gSAT) FA composition (gas-liquid chromatography) were measured. Results: RBC-TPL contained higher proportions of saturated fatty acids (SFAs) than SAT (p < 0.001), which were associated with lower SI (p < 0.05). Mono-unsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) and stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD1)-16 were lower, while poly-unsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), and delta-5 and delta-6 desaturase indices were higher in RBC-TPL than SAT (p < 0.001). Interestingly, FA profiles differed between SAT depots with higher SFAs and lower MUFAs, SCD1-16 and SCD1-18 indices in abdominal compared to gluteal SAT (p < 0.01). In both SAT depots, higher SFAs and lower PUFAs (n-3 and n-6) correlated with lower VAT/SAT ratio; and lower PUFAs (n-3 and n-6) and higher total MUFA correlated with higher SI. Conclusion: Our findings confirm the relationships between the FA composition of RBC-TPL and SAT and metabolic risk in black women with obesity, which are dependent on both the FA class, and the tissue type/blood compartment in which they are distributed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela A. Nono Nankam
- Division of Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, Department of Human Biology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7700, South Africa; (M.C.F.-d.S.); (K.A.); (A.E.M.); (J.H.G.)
- Department of Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-341-97-13400
| | - Paul J. van Jaarsveld
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town 7505, South Africa;
- Division of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg 7505, South Africa
| | - Elin Chorell
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, SE-907 42 Umeå, Sweden; (E.C.); (T.O.)
| | - Melony C. Fortuin-de Smidt
- Division of Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, Department of Human Biology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7700, South Africa; (M.C.F.-d.S.); (K.A.); (A.E.M.); (J.H.G.)
| | - Kevin Adams
- Division of Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, Department of Human Biology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7700, South Africa; (M.C.F.-d.S.); (K.A.); (A.E.M.); (J.H.G.)
| | - Matthias Blüher
- Department of Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany;
- Helmholtz Institute for Metabolic, Obesity and Vascular Research (HI-MAG) of the Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University of Leipzig and University Hospital Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Tommy Olsson
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, SE-907 42 Umeå, Sweden; (E.C.); (T.O.)
| | - Amy E. Mendham
- Division of Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, Department of Human Biology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7700, South Africa; (M.C.F.-d.S.); (K.A.); (A.E.M.); (J.H.G.)
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town 7505, South Africa;
| | - Julia H. Goedecke
- Division of Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, Department of Human Biology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7700, South Africa; (M.C.F.-d.S.); (K.A.); (A.E.M.); (J.H.G.)
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town 7505, South Africa;
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21
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Criado-Navarro I, Mena-Bravo A, Calderón-Santiago M, Priego-Capote F. Profiling analysis of phospholipid fatty acids in serum as a complement to the comprehensive fatty acids method. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1619:460965. [PMID: 32085913 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2020.460965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Fatty acids (FAs) are mostly found in blood as triglycerides, phospholipids (PLs) and cholesteryl esters. Determination of FAs is typically carried out in serum or plasma by a comprehensive method (known as the classical FAMEs method since FAs are determined as Fatty Acids Methyl Esters), which is based on liquid-liquid extraction, derivatization by transesterification, and determination by gas chromatography (GC) coupled to a suited detection technique. However, this method does not favor the determination of FAs that are chemically conjugated in PLs due to kinetics impediment. For this reason, we have developed a selective method to determine the FAs profile of PLs in serum based on solid-phase extraction (SPE) for isolation of PLs and determination of the FAME derivatives by GC-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The method was applied to serum samples collected from twenty-five individuals to compare the FAs profile versus that provided by the non-selective protocol based on liquid-liquid extraction of lipid families. Statistical analysis revealed compositional changes in the FAs profile with special emphasis on the content of saturated (SFAs) and monounsaturated FAs (MUFAs). Thus, SFAs passed from 34.0% with the classical method to 49.3% in PLs while MUFAs went from 24.4% to 11.4%. This study proves that the proposed method provides complementary results to the comprehensive method and, therefore, both methods can be combined to evaluate the effect of intervention diets and their connection to metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inmaculada Criado-Navarro
- Maimónides Institute for Biomedical Research (IMIBIC), Reina Sofía University Hospital, Córdoba, Spain; Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain; Nanochemistry University Institute (IUNAN), Campus of Rabanales, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Antonio Mena-Bravo
- Maimónides Institute for Biomedical Research (IMIBIC), Reina Sofía University Hospital, Córdoba, Spain; Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain; Nanochemistry University Institute (IUNAN), Campus of Rabanales, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Mónica Calderón-Santiago
- Maimónides Institute for Biomedical Research (IMIBIC), Reina Sofía University Hospital, Córdoba, Spain; Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain; Nanochemistry University Institute (IUNAN), Campus of Rabanales, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain.
| | - Feliciano Priego-Capote
- Maimónides Institute for Biomedical Research (IMIBIC), Reina Sofía University Hospital, Córdoba, Spain; Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain; Nanochemistry University Institute (IUNAN), Campus of Rabanales, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain; CIBER Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain.
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22
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Efficacy of dietary odd-chain saturated fatty acid pentadecanoic acid parallels broad associated health benefits in humans: could it be essential? Sci Rep 2020; 10:8161. [PMID: 32424181 PMCID: PMC7235264 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-64960-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Dietary odd-chain saturated fatty acids (OCFAs) are present in trace levels in dairy fat and some fish and plants. Higher circulating concentrations of OCFAs, pentadecanoic acid (C15:0) and heptadecanoic acid (C17:0), are associated with lower risks of cardiometabolic diseases, and higher dietary intake of OCFAs is associated with lower mortality. Population-wide circulating OCFA levels, however, have been declining over recent years. Here, we show C15:0 as an active dietary fatty acid that attenuates inflammation, anemia, dyslipidemia, and fibrosis in vivo, potentially by binding to key metabolic regulators and repairing mitochondrial function. This is the first demonstration of C15:0's direct role in attenuating multiple comorbidities using relevant physiological mechanisms at established circulating concentrations. Pairing our findings with evidence that (1) C15:0 is not readily made endogenously, (2) lower C15:0 dietary intake and blood concentrations are associated with higher mortality and a poorer physiological state, and (3) C15:0 has demonstrated activities and efficacy that parallel associated health benefits in humans, we propose C15:0 as a potential essential fatty acid. Further studies are needed to evaluate the potential impact of decades of reduced intake of OCFA-containing foods as contributors to C15:0 deficiencies and susceptibilities to chronic disease.
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23
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Venn-Watson S, Baird M, Novick B, Parry C, Jensen ED. Modified fish diet shifted serum metabolome and alleviated chronic anemia in bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus): Potential role of odd-chain saturated fatty acids. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0230769. [PMID: 32259832 PMCID: PMC7138614 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0230769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) are long-lived mammals that can develop chronic aging-associated conditions similar to humans, including metabolic syndrome. Initial studies suggest that these conditions may be attenuated in dolphins using a modified fish diet. Serum metabolomics, fatty acid panels, and blood-based health indices were compared between 20 dolphins on a modified, 50% wild-type diet (50% mullet, 25% capelin, and 25% squid and/or herring) and 10 dolphins on a baseline diet (75% capelin and 25% squid and/or herring). Blood samples were collected at Months 0, 1, 3 and 6. Dolphins on the modified diet had lower insulin (7.5 ± 4.0 and 14.8 ± 14.0 μIU/ml, P = 0.039), lower cholesterol (160 ± 26 and 186 ± 24 mg/dl, P = 0.015) and higher hematocrit (46 ± 3 and 44 ± 3%, P = 0.043) by Month 1 compared to controls. Dolphins with anemia (hemoglobin ≤ 12.5 g/dl, n = 6) or low-normal hemoglobin (12.5-13.5 g/dl, n = 3) before placed on the modified diet had normal hemoglobin concentrations (> 13.5 g/dl) by Month 3. The modified diet caused a significant shift in the metabolome, which included 664 known metabolites. Thirty prioritized metabolites at Months 1 and 3 were 100% predictive of dolphins on the modified diet. Among 25 prioritized lipids, 10 (40%) contained odd-chain saturated fatty acids (OCFAs); C15:0 was the highest-prioritized OCFA. Increased dietary intake of C15:0 (from 1.3 ± 0.4 to 4.5 ± 1.1 g/day) resulted in increased erythrocyte C15:0 concentrations (from 1.5 ± 0.3 to 5.8 ± 0.8 μg/ml, P < 0.0001), which independently predicted raised hemoglobin. Further, increasing age was associated with declining serum C15:0 (R2 = 0.14, P = 0.04). While higher circulating OCFAs have been previously associated with lower risks of cardiometabolic diseases in humans, further studies are warranted to assess potential active roles of OCFAs, including C15:0, in attenuating anemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Venn-Watson
- Translational Medicine and Research Program, National Marine Mammal Foundation, San Diego, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Mark Baird
- Translational Medicine and Research Program, National Marine Mammal Foundation, San Diego, California, United States of America
| | - Brittany Novick
- Translational Medicine and Research Program, National Marine Mammal Foundation, San Diego, California, United States of America
| | - Celeste Parry
- Translational Medicine and Research Program, National Marine Mammal Foundation, San Diego, California, United States of America
| | - Eric D. Jensen
- U.S. Navy Marine Mammal Program, Naval Information Warfare Center Pacific, San Diego, California, United States of America
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24
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Microbial synthesis of functional odd-chain fatty acids: a review. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 36:35. [PMID: 32088779 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-020-02814-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Odd-chain fatty acids (OCFAs) naturally occur in bacteria, higher animals, and in plants. During recent years, they have received increasing attention due to their unique pharmacological properties and usefulness for agricultural and industrial applications. Recently, OCFAs have been identified and quantified in a few organisms, and new pharmacological functions of OCFAs have been reported. Some of the publications are related to the optimization of OCFA production through fermentation and genetic engineering. The present review aims to provide a summary on the recent progress in the field of microbial-derived OCFAs. More specifically, we outline the publications of OCFAs related to (i) different sources of OCFAs; (ii) endogenous synthesis of OCFAs; (iii) production of OCFAs through fermentation; (iv) genetic engineering related to OCFA; and (v) role of OCFAs in human health and disease. Finally, some areas that require further research are discussed.
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25
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O'Donovan AN, Herisson FM, Fouhy F, Ryan PM, Whelan D, Johnson CN, Cluzel G, Ross RP, Stanton C, Caplice NM. Gut microbiome of a porcine model of metabolic syndrome and HF-pEF. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2020; 318:H590-H603. [PMID: 32031871 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00512.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a composite of cardiometabolic risk factors, including obesity, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and insulin resistance, with a range of secondary sequelae such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and diastolic heart failure. This syndrome has been identified as one of the greatest global health challenges of the 21st century. Herein, we examine whether a porcine model of diet- and mineralocorticoid-induced MetS closely mimics the cardiovascular, metabolic, gut microbiota, and functional metataxonomic phenotype observed in human studies. Landrace pigs with deoxycorticosterone acetate-induced hypertension fed a diet high in fat, salt, and sugar over 12 wk were assessed for hyperlipidemia, hyperinsulinemia, and immunohistologic, echocardiographic, and hemodynamic parameters, as well as assessed for microbiome phenotype and function through 16S rRNA metataxonomic and metabolomic analysis, respectively. All MetS animals developed obesity, hyperlipidemia, insulin resistance, hypertension, fatty liver, structural cardiovascular changes including left ventricular hypertrophy and left atrial enlargement, and increased circulating saturated fatty acid levels, all in keeping with the human phenotype. A reduction in α-diversity and specific microbiota changes at phylum, family, and genus levels were also observed in this model. Specifically, this porcine model of MetS displayed increased abundances of proinflammatory bacteria coupled with increased circulating tumor necrosis factor-α and increased secondary bile acid-producing bacteria, which substantially impacted fibroblast growth factor-19 expression. Finally, a significant decrease in enteroprotective bacteria and a reduction in short-chain fatty acid-producing bacteria were also noted. Together, these data suggest that diet and mineralocorticoid-mediated development of biochemical and cardiovascular stigmata of metabolic syndrome in pigs leads to temporal gut microbiome changes that mimic key gut microbial population signatures in human cardiometabolic disease.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This study extends a prior porcine model of cardiometabolic syndrome to include systemic inflammation, fatty liver, and insulin sensitivity. Gut microbiome changes during evolution of porcine cardiometabolic disease recapitulate those in human subjects with alterations in gut taxa associated with proinflammatory bacteria, bile acid, and fatty acid pathways. This clinical scale model may facilitate design of future interventional trials to test causal relationships between gut dysbiosis and cardiometabolic syndrome at a systemic and organ level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aoife N O'Donovan
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Cork, Ireland.,School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.,APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Florence M Herisson
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.,Centre for Research in Vascular Biology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Fiona Fouhy
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Cork, Ireland.,APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Paul M Ryan
- Centre for Research in Vascular Biology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Derek Whelan
- Centre for Research in Vascular Biology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Crystal N Johnson
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Cork, Ireland.,APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Gaston Cluzel
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.,Centre for Research in Vascular Biology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - R Paul Ross
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.,College of Science, Engineering and Food Science, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Catherine Stanton
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Cork, Ireland.,APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Noel M Caplice
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.,Centre for Research in Vascular Biology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
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26
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Donovan MG, Wren SN, Cenker M, Selmin OI, Romagnolo DF. Dietary fat and obesity as modulators of breast cancer risk: Focus on DNA methylation. Br J Pharmacol 2020; 177:1331-1350. [PMID: 31691272 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most common cancer and second leading cause of cancer mortality in women worldwide. Validated biomarkers enhance efforts for early detection and treatment, which reduce the risk of mortality. Epigenetic signatures have been suggested as good biomarkers for early detection, prognosis and targeted therapy of BC. Here, we highlight studies documenting the modifying effects of dietary fatty acids and obesity on BC biomarkers associated with DNA methylation. We focus our analysis on changes elicited in writers of DNA methylation (i.e., DNA methyltransferases), global DNA methylation and gene-specific DNA methylation. To provide context, we precede this discussion with a review of the available evidence for an association between BC incidence and both dietary fat consumption and obesity. We also include a review of well-vetted BC biomarkers related to cytosine-guanine dinucleotides methylation and how they influence BC risk, prognosis, tumour characteristics and response to treatment. LINKED ARTICLES: This article is part of a themed section on The Pharmacology of Nutraceuticals. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v177.6/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Micah G Donovan
- Interdisciplinary Cancer Biology Graduate Program, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Spencer N Wren
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Mikia Cenker
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Ornella I Selmin
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona.,The University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Donato F Romagnolo
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona.,The University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, Arizona
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Nguyen ET, Berman S, Streicher J, Estrada CM, Caldwell JL, Ghisays V, Ulrich-Lai Y, Solomon MB. Effects of combined glucocorticoid/mineralocorticoid receptor modulation (CORT118335) on energy balance, adiposity, and lipid metabolism in male rats. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2019; 317:E337-E349. [PMID: 31112405 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00018.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Psychological stress and excess glucocorticoids are associated with metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. Glucocorticoids act primarily through mineralocorticoid (MR) and glucocorticoid receptors (GR), and compounds modulating these receptors show promise in mitigating metabolic and cardiovascular-related phenotypes. CORT118335 (GR/MR modulator) prevents high-fat diet-induced weight gain and adiposity in mice, but the ability of this compound to reverse obesity-related symptoms is unknown. Adult male rats were subcutaneously administered CORT118335 (3, 10, or 30 mg/kg) or vehicle once daily. A 5-day treatment with CORT118335 at 30 mg/kg induced weight loss in rats fed a chow diet by decreasing food intake. However, lower doses of the compound attenuated body weight gain primarily because of decreased calorific efficiency, as there were no significant differences in food intake compared with vehicle. Notably, the body weight effects of CORT118335 persisted during a 2-wk treatment hiatus, suggesting prolonged effects of the compound. To our knowledge, we are the first to demonstrate a sustained effect of combined GR/MR modulation on body weight gain. These findings suggest that CORT118335 may have long-lasting effects, likely due to GR/MR-induced transcriptional changes. Prolonged (18 days) treatment of CORT118335 (10 mg/kg) reversed body weight gain and adiposity in animals fed a high-fat diet for 13 wk. Surprisingly, this occurred despite a worsening of the lipid profile and glucose homeostasis as well as a disrupted diurnal corticosterone rhythm, suggesting GR agonistic effects in the periphery. We conclude that species and tissue-specific targeting may result in promising leads for exploiting the metabolically beneficial aspects of GR/MR modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth T Nguyen
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Sarah Berman
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Joshua Streicher
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Christina M Estrada
- Experimental Psychology Graduate Program, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Jody L Caldwell
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Valentina Ghisays
- Experimental Psychology Graduate Program, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Yvonne Ulrich-Lai
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Matia B Solomon
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio
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Yammine SG, Naja F, Tamim H, Nasrallah M, Biessy C, Aglago EK, Matta M, Romieu I, Gunter MJ, Nasreddine L, Chajès V. Association between Serum Phospholipid Fatty Acid Levels and Adiposity among Lebanese Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study. Nutrients 2018; 10:E1371. [PMID: 30257485 PMCID: PMC6213065 DOI: 10.3390/nu10101371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Revised: 09/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
There have been increases in the incidence of obesity in Lebanon over the past few decades. Fatty acid intake and metabolism have been postulated to influence obesity, but few epidemiological studies have been conducted. The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between serum fatty acid levels and indicators of obesity in a cross-sectional study nested within a cohort of 501 Lebanese adults residing in Greater Beirut. A total of 395 available serum samples (129 men, 266 women) were profiled for phospholipid fatty acid composition. Spearman correlation coefficients adjusted for relevant confounders and corrected for multiple testing were calculated between serum fatty acids, desaturation indices, and indicators of adiposity (body mass index (BMI) and waist). BMI was significantly positively correlated with saturated fatty acids in men (r = 0.40, p < 0.0001, q < 0.0001) and women (r = 0.33, p < 0.0001, q < 0.0001). BMI was significantly positively correlated with monounsaturated fatty acid palmitoleic acid in women (r = 0.15, p = 0.01, q = 0.03). This study suggests that high blood levels of some saturated fatty acids and the monounsaturated fatty acid palmitoleic acid, likely derived from both dietary intakes of saturated fatty acids and endogenous lipogenesis, may have been associated with adiposity in the Lebanese population. The causality of these associations needs to be explored in experimental settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar G Yammine
- Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 69373 Lyon, France.
| | - Farah Naja
- Nutritrion and Food Sciences Department, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon.
| | - Hani Tamim
- Nutritrion and Food Sciences Department, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon.
| | - Mona Nasrallah
- Nutritrion and Food Sciences Department, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon.
| | - Carine Biessy
- Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 69373 Lyon, France.
| | - Elom K Aglago
- Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 69373 Lyon, France.
| | - Michèle Matta
- Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 69373 Lyon, France.
| | - Isabelle Romieu
- Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 69373 Lyon, France.
| | - Marc J Gunter
- Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 69373 Lyon, France.
| | - Lara Nasreddine
- Nutritrion and Food Sciences Department, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon.
| | - Véronique Chajès
- Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 69373 Lyon, France.
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