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Tian X, Qin B, Yang L, Li H, Zhou W. Association of phthalate exposure with reproductive outcomes among infertile couples undergoing in vitro fertilization: A systematic review. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 252:118825. [PMID: 38609072 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Human fertility is impacted by changes in lifestyle and environmental deterioration. To increase human fertility, assisted reproductive technology (ART) has been extensively used around the globe. As early as 2009, the Endocrine Society released its first scientific statement on the potential adverse effects of environmental endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) on human health and disease development. Chemicals known as phthalates, frequently employed as plasticizers and additives, are common EDCs. Numerous studies have shown that phthalate metabolites in vivo exert estrogen-like or anti-androgenic effects in both humans and animals. They are associated with the progression of a range of diseases, most notably interference with the reproductive process, damage to the placenta, and the initiation of chronic diseases in adulthood. Phthalates are ingested by infertile couples in a variety of ways, including household products, diet, medical treatment, etc. Exposure to phthalates may exacerbate their infertility or poor ART outcomes, however, the available data on phthalate exposure and ART pregnancy outcomes are sparse and contradictory. Therefore, this review conducted a systematic evaluation of 16 papers related to phthalate exposure and ART pregnancy outcomes, to provide more aggregated results, and deepen our understanding of reproductive outcomes in infertile populations with phthalate exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangming Tian
- Medical Center for Human Reproduction, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Boyi Qin
- Medical Center for Human Reproduction, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Yang
- Medical Center for Human Reproduction, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Huanhuan Li
- Medical Center for Human Reproduction, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenhui Zhou
- Medical Center for Human Reproduction, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
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Valdes-Devesa V, Sanz-Rosa D, Thuissard-Vasallo IJ, Andreu-Vázquez C, Sainz de la Cuesta R. Xenoestrogen concentration in women with endometriosis or leiomyomas: A case-control study. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0304766. [PMID: 38833439 PMCID: PMC11149880 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0304766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Xenoestrogens are synthetic or naturally occurring chemicals capable of altering the endocrine system of humans and animals owing to their molecular similarity to endogenous hormones. There is limited data regarding their effects on women´s health. Chronic exposure to xenoestrogens can promote the development of estrogen-related diseases. OBJECTIVES To examine xenoestrogen concentration (TEXB-α) differences between women with leiomyomas or endometriosis and control women, and to study the relationship between the clinical and sociodemographic characteristics of these patients and their xenoestrogen levels. METHODS Prospective case-control study. We selected 221 women who underwent surgery at Quironsalud Madrid University Hospital between 2017 and 2021. The cases included 117 patients: 74 women who underwent surgery for uterine leiomyomas, 21 with endometriosis, and 22 with both pathologies. The control group comprised 104 healthy women who underwent surgical procedures for other reasons. TEXB-α was determined in the omental fat of all patients. Using a questionnaire and reviewing the patients' medical records, we collected sociodemographic data and other relevant variables. RESULTS A significant majority of study participants (68.8%) had detectable levels of xenoestrogens. We found no association between TEXB-α levels in omental fat and the presence of myomas or endometriosis. In the case group, women living or working in Madrid Community exhibited, on average, 3.12 Eeq pM/g higher levels of TEXB-α compared to those working in other areas (p = 0.030). Women who referred to the use of estrogen-containing hormonal contraceptives had, on average, 3.02 Eeq pM/g higher levels of TEXB-α than those who had never used them (p = 0.022). CONCLUSIONS This study found no association between omental xenoestrogen levels and leiomyomas or endometriosis. However, their presence in most participants and their association with highly polluted areas emphasizes the importance of limiting environmental exposure to these substances. We also identified an association between hormonal contraceptive use and xenoestrogen concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Valdes-Devesa
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Villaviciosa de Odon, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Hospital Universitario Quironsalud Madrid, Pozuelo de Alarcon, Madrid, Spain
| | - David Sanz-Rosa
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Villaviciosa de Odon, Madrid, Spain
| | - Israel J. Thuissard-Vasallo
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Villaviciosa de Odon, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Andreu-Vázquez
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Villaviciosa de Odon, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ricardo Sainz de la Cuesta
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Villaviciosa de Odon, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Hospital Universitario Quironsalud Madrid, Pozuelo de Alarcon, Madrid, Spain
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Aldegunde-Louzao N, Lolo-Aira M, Herrero-Latorre C. Phthalate esters in clothing: A review. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 108:104457. [PMID: 38677495 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2024.104457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
Phthalate esters (PAEs) are widely used as plasticizers to enhance the flexibility and durability of different consumer products, including clothing. However, concerns have been raised about the potential adverse health effects associated with the presence of phthalates in textiles, such as endocrine disruption, reproductive toxicity and potential carcinogenicity. Based on examination of more than 120 published articles, this paper presents a comprehensive review of studies concerning the phthalate content in clothing and other textile products, with special emphasis on those conducted in the last decade (2014-2023). The types and role of PAEs as plasticizers, the relevant legislation in different countries (emphasizing the importance of monitoring PAE levels in clothing to protect consumer health) and the analytical methods used for PAE determination are critically evaluated. The review also discusses the models used to evaluate exposure to PAEs and the associated health risks. Finally, the study limitations and challenges related to determining the phthalate contents of textile products are considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Aldegunde-Louzao
- Research Institute on Chemical and Biological Analysis, Analytical Chemistry Nutrition and Bromatology Department, Faculty of Sciences, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Campus Terra, Lugo 27002, Spain.
| | - Manuel Lolo-Aira
- Applied Mass Spectrometry Laboratory (AMSlab), Avda. Benigno Rivera, 56, Lugo 27003, Spain.
| | - Carlos Herrero-Latorre
- Research Institute on Chemical and Biological Analysis, Analytical Chemistry Nutrition and Bromatology Department, Faculty of Sciences, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Campus Terra, Lugo 27002, Spain.
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Tang L, Wang Y, Yan W, Zhang Z, Luo S, Wen Q, Wang S, Zhou N, Chen Q, Xu Y. Exposure to di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate and breast neoplasm incidence: A cohort study. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 926:171819. [PMID: 38508268 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phthalates are ubiquitous environmental endocrine disruptors. As the predominant phthalate, di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) has been considered possibly carcinogenic to humans but large-scale longitudinal evidence is needed to further clarify its carcinogenicity. OBJECTIVES To examine the association between DEHP exposure and incidence of breast malignant neoplasm, carcinoma in situ and benign neoplasm. METHODS A total of 273,295 women from UK Biobank cohort were followed up for a median of 13.5 years. Disease information was collected from National Health Service Cancer Registry and National Death Index. Baseline and yearly-average level of DEHP exposure were estimated for each individual by linking chemical monitoring record of European Environment Agency with home address of the participants by Kriging interpolation model. Cox proportional hazard model was employed to estimate the association between DEHP exposure and breast neoplasms. RESULTS The median (IQR) of baseline and yearly-average DEHP concentration were 8000.25 (interquartile range: 6657.85-11,948.83) and 8000.25 (interquartile range: 1819.93-11,359.55) μg/L. The highest quartile of baseline DEHP was associated with 1.11 fold risk of carcinoma in situ (95 % CI, 1.00, 1.23, p < 0.001) and 1.27 fold risk of benign neoplasm (95 % CI, 1.05, 1.54, p < 0.001). As for yearly-average exposure, each quartile of DEHP was positively associated with higher risk of malignant neoplasm (HR, 1.05; 95 % CI, 1.03, 1.07, p < 0.001), carcinoma in situ (HR, 1.08; 95 % CI, 1.04, 1.11, p < 0.001) and benign neoplasm (HR, 1.13; 95 % CI, 1.07, 1.20, p < 0.001). Stratification analysis showed no significant modification effects on the DEHP-neoplasm relationship by menopausal status or ethnicity but a suggestive higher risk in younger women and those who underwent oral contraceptive pill therapy. In sensitivity analysis, the associations remained when excluding the cases diagnosed within 2 years post baseline. CONCLUSIONS Real-world level of DEHP exposure was associated with higher risk of breast neoplasms. Because of the health risks associated with DEHP, its release to the environment should be managed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Tang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yimeng Wang
- Key Lab of Medical Protection for Electromagnetic Radiation, Ministry of Education of China, Institute of Toxicology, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Wenting Yan
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Siwen Luo
- Key Lab of Medical Protection for Electromagnetic Radiation, Ministry of Education of China, Institute of Toxicology, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Qiaorui Wen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Epidemiology of Major Diseases (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Shengfeng Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Epidemiology of Major Diseases (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Niya Zhou
- Clinical Research Centre, Women and Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University and Chongqing Research Centre for Prevention & Control of Maternal and Child Diseases and Public Health, Women and Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Qing Chen
- Key Lab of Medical Protection for Electromagnetic Radiation, Ministry of Education of China, Institute of Toxicology, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China.
| | - Yan Xu
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.
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Neagu AN, Bruno P, Johnson KR, Ballestas G, Darie CC. Biological Basis of Breast Cancer-Related Disparities in Precision Oncology Era. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4113. [PMID: 38612922 PMCID: PMC11012526 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25074113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Precision oncology is based on deep knowledge of the molecular profile of tumors, allowing for more accurate and personalized therapy for specific groups of patients who are different in disease susceptibility as well as treatment response. Thus, onco-breastomics is able to discover novel biomarkers that have been found to have racial and ethnic differences, among other types of disparities such as chronological or biological age-, sex/gender- or environmental-related ones. Usually, evidence suggests that breast cancer (BC) disparities are due to ethnicity, aging rate, socioeconomic position, environmental or chemical exposures, psycho-social stressors, comorbidities, Western lifestyle, poverty and rurality, or organizational and health care system factors or access. The aim of this review was to deepen the understanding of BC-related disparities, mainly from a biomedical perspective, which includes genomic-based differences, disparities in breast tumor biology and developmental biology, differences in breast tumors' immune and metabolic landscapes, ecological factors involved in these disparities as well as microbiomics- and metagenomics-based disparities in BC. We can conclude that onco-breastomics, in principle, based on genomics, proteomics, epigenomics, hormonomics, metabolomics and exposomics data, is able to characterize the multiple biological processes and molecular pathways involved in BC disparities, clarifying the differences in incidence, mortality and treatment response for different groups of BC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anca-Narcisa Neagu
- Laboratory of Animal Histology, Faculty of Biology, "Alexandru Ioan Cuza" University of Iași, Carol I bvd. 20A, 700505 Iasi, Romania
| | - Pathea Bruno
- Biochemistry & Proteomics Laboratories, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY 13699-5810, USA
| | - Kaya R Johnson
- Biochemistry & Proteomics Laboratories, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY 13699-5810, USA
| | - Gabriella Ballestas
- Biochemistry & Proteomics Laboratories, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY 13699-5810, USA
| | - Costel C Darie
- Biochemistry & Proteomics Laboratories, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY 13699-5810, USA
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Zhao Y, Chang YH, Ren HR, Lou M, Jiang FW, Wang JX, Chen MS, Liu S, Shi YS, Zhu HM, Li JL. Phthalates Induce Neurotoxicity by Disrupting the Mfn2-PERK Axis-Mediated Endoplasmic Reticulum-Mitochondria Interaction. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:7411-7422. [PMID: 38390847 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c07752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), as the most common phthalate, has been extensively used as a plasticizer to improve the plasticity of agricultural products, which pose severe harm to human health. Mitochondrial dynamics and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) homeostasis are indispensable for maintaining mitochondria-associated ER membrane (MAM) integrity. In this study, we aimed to explore the effect of DEHP on the nervous system and its association with the ER-mitochondria interaction. Here, we showed that DEHP caused morphological changes, motor deficits, cognitive impairments, and blood-brain barrier disruption in the brain. DEHP triggered ER stress, which is mainly mediated by protein kinase R-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK) signaling. Moreover, DEHP-induced mitofusin-2 (Mfn2) downregulation results in imbalance of the mitochondrial dynamics. Interestingly, DEHP exposure impaired MAMs by inhibiting the Mfn2-PERK interaction. Above all, this study elucidates the disruption of the Mfn2-PERK axis-mediated ER-mitochondria interaction as a phthalate-induced neurotoxicity that could be potentially developed as a novel therapy for neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China
| | - Yuan-Hang Chang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China
| | - Hao-Ran Ren
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China
| | - Ming Lou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China
| | - Fu-Wei Jiang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China
| | - Jia-Xin Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China
| | - Ming-Shan Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China
| | - Shuo Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Sheng Shi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China
| | - Hong-Mei Zhu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China
| | - Jin-Long Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China
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Vafaei S, Alkhrait S, Yang Q, Ali M, Al-Hendy A. Empowering Strategies for Lifestyle Interventions, Diet Modifications, and Environmental Practices for Uterine Fibroid Prevention; Unveiling the LIFE UP Awareness. Nutrients 2024; 16:807. [PMID: 38542717 PMCID: PMC10975324 DOI: 10.3390/nu16060807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Uterine fibroids (UFs) are the most common prevalent benign tumor among women of reproductive age, disproportionately affecting women of color. This paper introduces an innovative management strategy for UFs, emphasizing the curbing of disease prevention and progression. Traditionally, medical intervention is deferred until advanced stages, necessitating invasive surgeries such as hysterectomy or myomectomy, leading to high recurrence rates and increased healthcare costs. The strategy, outlined in this review, emphasizes UF disease management and is named LIFE UP awareness-standing for Lifestyle Interventions, Food Modifications, and Environmental Practices for UF Prevention. These cost-effective, safe, and accessible measures hold the potential to prevent UFs, improve overall reproductive health, reduce the need for invasive procedures, and generate substantial cost savings for both individuals and healthcare systems. This review underscores the importance of a proactive UF management method, paving the way for future research and policy initiatives in this domain.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Mohamed Ali
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; (S.V.); (S.A.); (Q.Y.)
| | - Ayman Al-Hendy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; (S.V.); (S.A.); (Q.Y.)
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Schildroth S, Bethea TN, Wesselink AK, Friedman A, Fruh V, Calafat AM, Wegienka G, Gaston S, Baird DD, Wise LA, Claus Henn B. Personal Care Products, Socioeconomic Status, and Endocrine-Disrupting Chemical Mixtures in Black Women. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:3641-3653. [PMID: 38347750 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c06440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Personal care products (PCPs) are sources of exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) among women, and socioeconomic status (SES) may influence these exposures. Black women have inequitable exposure to EDCs from PCP use, but no study has investigated how exposure to EDCs through PCPs may vary by SES, independent of race. Using data from the Study of Environment, Lifestyle, and Fibroids, a cohort of reproductive-aged Black women (n = 751), we quantified associations between PCPs and urinary biomarker concentrations of EDC mixtures (i.e., phthalates, phenols, parabens) within SES groups, defined using k-modes clustering based on education, income, marital status, and employment. Information about PCP use and SES was collected through questionnaires and interviews. We used principal component analysis to characterize the EDC mixture profiles. Stratified linear regression models were fit to assess associations between PCP use and EDC mixture profiles, quantified as mean differences in PC scores, by SES group. Associations between PCP use and EDC mixture profiles varied by SES group; e.g., vaginal powder use was associated with a mixture of phenols among lower SES women, whereas this association was null for higher SES women. Findings suggest that SES influences PCP EDC exposure in Black women, which has implications for public health interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Schildroth
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachussetts 02118, United States
| | - Traci N Bethea
- Office of Minority Health & Health Disparities Research, Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington D. C. 20007, United States
| | - Amelia K Wesselink
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachussetts 02118, United States
| | - Alexa Friedman
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Durham, North Carolina 27709, United States
| | - Victoria Fruh
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02118, United States
| | - Antonia M Calafat
- Division of Laboratory Sciences, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, United States
| | - Ganesa Wegienka
- Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
| | - Symielle Gaston
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Durham, North Carolina 27709, United States
| | - Donna D Baird
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Durham, North Carolina 27709, United States
| | - Lauren A Wise
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachussetts 02118, United States
| | - Birgit Claus Henn
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02118, United States
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9
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Zheng L, Zhang X, Gao Z, Zhong C, Qiu D, Yan Q. The association between polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin exposure and cancer mortality in the general population: a cohort study. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1354149. [PMID: 38410662 PMCID: PMC10894979 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1354149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Earlier research has indicated that being exposed to polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) in the workplace can heighten the likelihood of cancer-related deaths. Nevertheless, there is limited information available regarding the connection between PCDD exposure and the risk of cancer mortality in the general population (i.e., individuals not exposed to these substances through their occupation). Methods The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) detected PCDDs in the general population, and the death data were recently updated as of December 31, 2019. We conducted Cox regression analysis and controlled for covariates including age, gender, ethnicity, educational attainment, physical activity, alcohol intake, NHANES survey period, BMI category, cotinine concentration, and household earnings. Results After accounting for confounding factors, the findings indicated that for each incremental rise of 1 log unit in 1,2,3,4,6,7,8,9-octachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, there was a 76% rise in the likelihood of death from any cause, with a p value of 0.003. An increase of 1 log unit in the concentration of 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-heptachlorodibenzofuran could potentially lead to a 90% higher risk of cancer mortality, as indicated by a p value of 0.034 and a 95% confidence interval of 0.05-2.43. As the concentrations of 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-heptachlorodibenzofuran increased, the dose-response curve indicated a proportional rise in the risk of cancer mortality, accompanied by a linear p value of 0.044. The sensitivity analysis demonstrated that our findings were resilient. Discussion In the general population, an elevated risk of cancer mortality was observed in PCDDs due to the presence of 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-heptachlorodibenzofuran. Mechanistic research is required to further confirm it.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Qing Yan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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10
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Yang L, Liu X, Peng Z, Liu Z, Song P, Zhou J, Ma K, Yu Y, Dong Q. Exposure to di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) increases the risk of cancer. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:430. [PMID: 38341560 PMCID: PMC10859012 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-17801-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a major socioeconomic burden that seriously affects the life and spirit of patients. However, little is known about the role of environmental toxicant exposure in diseases, especially ubiquitous di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) which is one of the most widely used plasticizers. Hence, the objective of this study was to assess the potential association between cancer and DEHP. The data were collected using the 2011-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data (n = 6147), and multiple logistic regression was conducted to evaluate the association. The concentrations of DEHP were calculated by each metabolite and split into quartiles for analysis. After adjusting for confounding factors, DEHP was significantly associated with an increased risk of cancer prevalence, and the metabolites of DEHP showed similar results (OR > 1.0, p < 0.05). Simultaneously, the association remained when the analyses were stratified by age and sex, and the risk of cancer appeared to be higher in male patients. In addition, further analysis suggested that DEHP exposure obviously increased the risk of female reproductive system cancer, male reproductive system cancer, and other cancers (OR > 1.0, p < 0.05) but not skin and soft tissue cancer. DEHP exposure is associated with the risk of cancer, especially female reproductive system cancer, male reproductive system cancer and other cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luchen Yang
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Lane, Wuhou District, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xiaoyang Liu
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Lane, Wuhou District, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Zhufeng Peng
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Lane, Wuhou District, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Zhenghuan Liu
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Lane, Wuhou District, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Pan Song
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Lane, Wuhou District, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Lane, Wuhou District, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Kai Ma
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Lane, Wuhou District, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yunfei Yu
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Lane, Wuhou District, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Qiang Dong
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Lane, Wuhou District, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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Neagu AN, Whitham D, Bruno P, Arshad A, Seymour L, Morrissiey H, Hukovic AI, Darie CC. Onco-Breastomics: An Eco-Evo-Devo Holistic Approach. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1628. [PMID: 38338903 PMCID: PMC10855488 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Known as a diverse collection of neoplastic diseases, breast cancer (BC) can be hyperbolically characterized as a dynamic pseudo-organ, a living organism able to build a complex, open, hierarchically organized, self-sustainable, and self-renewable tumor system, a population, a species, a local community, a biocenosis, or an evolving dynamical ecosystem (i.e., immune or metabolic ecosystem) that emphasizes both developmental continuity and spatio-temporal change. Moreover, a cancer cell community, also known as an oncobiota, has been described as non-sexually reproducing species, as well as a migratory or invasive species that expresses intelligent behavior, or an endangered or parasite species that fights to survive, to optimize its features inside the host's ecosystem, or that is able to exploit or to disrupt its host circadian cycle for improving the own proliferation and spreading. BC tumorigenesis has also been compared with the early embryo and placenta development that may suggest new strategies for research and therapy. Furthermore, BC has also been characterized as an environmental disease or as an ecological disorder. Many mechanisms of cancer progression have been explained by principles of ecology, developmental biology, and evolutionary paradigms. Many authors have discussed ecological, developmental, and evolutionary strategies for more successful anti-cancer therapies, or for understanding the ecological, developmental, and evolutionary bases of BC exploitable vulnerabilities. Herein, we used the integrated framework of three well known ecological theories: the Bronfenbrenner's theory of human development, the Vannote's River Continuum Concept (RCC), and the Ecological Evolutionary Developmental Biology (Eco-Evo-Devo) theory, to explain and understand several eco-evo-devo-based principles that govern BC progression. Multi-omics fields, taken together as onco-breastomics, offer better opportunities to integrate, analyze, and interpret large amounts of complex heterogeneous data, such as various and big-omics data obtained by multiple investigative modalities, for understanding the eco-evo-devo-based principles that drive BC progression and treatment. These integrative eco-evo-devo theories can help clinicians better diagnose and treat BC, for example, by using non-invasive biomarkers in liquid-biopsies that have emerged from integrated omics-based data that accurately reflect the biomolecular landscape of the primary tumor in order to avoid mutilating preventive surgery, like bilateral mastectomy. From the perspective of preventive, personalized, and participatory medicine, these hypotheses may help patients to think about this disease as a process governed by natural rules, to understand the possible causes of the disease, and to gain control on their own health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anca-Narcisa Neagu
- Laboratory of Animal Histology, Faculty of Biology, “Alexandru Ioan Cuza” University of Iași, Carol I bvd. 20A, 700505 Iasi, Romania
| | - Danielle Whitham
- Biochemistry & Proteomics Laboratories, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY 13699-5810, USA; (D.W.); (P.B.); (A.A.); (L.S.); (H.M.); (A.I.H.)
| | - Pathea Bruno
- Biochemistry & Proteomics Laboratories, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY 13699-5810, USA; (D.W.); (P.B.); (A.A.); (L.S.); (H.M.); (A.I.H.)
| | - Aneeta Arshad
- Biochemistry & Proteomics Laboratories, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY 13699-5810, USA; (D.W.); (P.B.); (A.A.); (L.S.); (H.M.); (A.I.H.)
| | - Logan Seymour
- Biochemistry & Proteomics Laboratories, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY 13699-5810, USA; (D.W.); (P.B.); (A.A.); (L.S.); (H.M.); (A.I.H.)
| | - Hailey Morrissiey
- Biochemistry & Proteomics Laboratories, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY 13699-5810, USA; (D.W.); (P.B.); (A.A.); (L.S.); (H.M.); (A.I.H.)
| | - Angiolina I. Hukovic
- Biochemistry & Proteomics Laboratories, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY 13699-5810, USA; (D.W.); (P.B.); (A.A.); (L.S.); (H.M.); (A.I.H.)
| | - Costel C. Darie
- Biochemistry & Proteomics Laboratories, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY 13699-5810, USA; (D.W.); (P.B.); (A.A.); (L.S.); (H.M.); (A.I.H.)
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12
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Chang CJ, O'Brien KM, Keil AP, Goldberg M, Taylor KW, Sandler DP, White AJ. Use of personal care product mixtures and incident hormone-sensitive cancers in the Sister Study: A U.S.-wide prospective cohort. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2024; 183:108298. [PMID: 38043324 PMCID: PMC10841676 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.108298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Personal care products (PCPs), a source of endocrine-disrupting chemical exposure, may be associated with the risk of hormone-sensitive cancers. Few studies have investigated associations for PCP use with the incidence of hormone-sensitive cancers or considered the joint effect of multiple correlated PCPs. We examined associations between frequently used, or "everyday", PCPs and incident cancers of the breast, ovary, and uterus with a fucus on the joint effect of multiple product exposure. METHODS Sister Study participants (n=49 899) self-reported frequency of use in the year before enrollment (2003-2009) for 41 PCPs. Using five-level frequency categories based on questionnaire options, hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated for the associations between multiple PCP use and incident breast, ovarian, and uterine cancer using quantile-based g-computation with Cox proportional hazards regression as the underlying model. Multiple PCP use was examined using groupings (beauty, hygiene, and skincare products) determined by both a priori knowledge and Spearman correlation coefficients for co-occurring product use. Associations between individual PCPs and the three cancers were also examined using Cox proportional hazards models coupling with Benjamini-Hochberg procedure for multiple comparisons. RESULTS Over an average of 11.6 years, 4 226 breast, 277 ovarian, and 403 uterine cancer cases were identified. Positive associations were observed between the hygiene mixture and ovarian cancer (HR=1.35, 95%CI=1.00, 1.83) and the beauty mixture with postmenopausal breast cancer (HR=1.08, 95%CI=1.01, 1.16). Additionally, we observed an inverse association between the skincare mixture and breast cancer (HR=0.91, 95%CI=0.83, 0.99). No significant associations were observed for individual products after corrected for multiple comparison. CONCLUSIONS Findings from this multi-product, joint-effect approach contribute to the growing body of evidence for associations between PCPs and breast cancer and provides novel information on ovarian and uterine cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Che-Jung Chang
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Katie M O'Brien
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Alexander P Keil
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Mandy Goldberg
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Kyla W Taylor
- National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Dale P Sandler
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Alexandra J White
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA.
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13
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Bu H, Wang B, Wu Y, Li P, Cui Y, Jiang X, Yu X, Liu B, Tang M. Curcumin strengthens a spontaneous self-protective mechanism-SP1/PRDX6 pathway, against di-n-butyl phthalate-induced testicular ferroptosis damage. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:122165-122181. [PMID: 37966654 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-30962-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
As one of the common plasticizers, di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP) has been using in various daily consumer products worldwide. Since it is easily released from products and exists in the environment for a long time, it has a lasting impact on human health, especially male reproductive health. However, the detailed mechanism of testicular damage from DBP and the protection strategy are still not clear enough. In this study, we found that DBP could induce dose-dependent ferroptosis in testicular tissue. Mechanism dissection indicates that DBP can upregulate SP1 expression, which could directly transcriptionally upregulate PRDX6, a negative regulator of ferroptosis. Overexpression of PRDX6 or adding SP1 agonist curcumin could suppress the DBP-induced ferroptosis on testicular cells. In vivo, rats were given 500 mg/kg/day DBP orally for 3 weeks; elevated levels of ferroptosis were detected in testicular tissue. When the above-mentioned doses of DBP and curcumin at a dose of 300 mg/kg/day were administered intragastrically simultaneously, the testicular ferroptosis induced by DBP was alleviated. Immunohistochemistry and quantitative real-time PCR of testis tissue showed that the expression of PRDX6 was upregulated under the action of DBP and curcumin. These findings suggest a spontaneous self-protection mechanism of testicular tissue from DBP damage by upregulating SP1 and PRDX6. However, it is not strong enough to resist the DBP-induced ferroptosis. Curcumin can strengthen this self-protection mechanism and weaken the level of ferroptosis induced by DBP. This study may help us to develop a novel therapeutic option with curcumin to protect the testicular tissue from ferroptosis and function impairment by DBP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hengtao Bu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bao Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yulin Wu
- Jiangsu Health Development Research Center, Nanjing, 210036, Jiangsu, China
- National Health and Family Planning Commission Contraceptives Adverse Reaction Surveillance Center, Nanjing, 210036, Jiangsu, China
| | - Pu Li
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yankang Cui
- Department of Urology, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xuping Jiang
- Department of Urology, Yixing People's Hospital, Yixing, 214200, China
| | - Xiaowen Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210100, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bianjiang Liu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Min Tang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China.
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14
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Chen FP, Chien MH, Lee CH. The no-observed-adverse-effect level of phthalates promotes proliferation and cell cycle progression in normal human breast cells. Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol 2023; 62:874-883. [PMID: 38008508 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjog.2023.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The data on the association between phthalates and breast cancer risk remains inconsistent. This study aimed to explore the possible mechanism of low-dose exposures of phthalates, including Butyl benzyl phthalate (BBP), di(n-butyl) phthalate (DBP), and di(20ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), on breast tumorigenesis. METHODS AND METHODS MCF-10A normal breast cells were treated with phthalates (10 and 100 nM) and 17β-estradiol (E2, 10 nM), which were co-cultured with fibroblasts from normal mammary tissue. Cell viability, cycle, and apoptosis were detected by MTT assay, flow cytometry, and TUNEL assay respectively. The expression levels of related proteins were determined by Western blot. RESULTS Like E2, both 10 nM and 100 nM phthalates exerted significantly higher cell viability, lower apoptosis, and increased cell numbers in the S and G2/M phases with up-regulation of cyclin D/CDK4, cyclin E/CDK2, cyclin A/CDK2, cyclin A/CDK1, and cyclin B/CDK1, compared with the control group. Significant increase in PDK1, P13K, p-AKT, p-mTOR, and BCL-2 expression and a decrease in Bax protein, cytochrome C, caspase 8, and caspase 3 levels were noted in cells treated with 10 nM and 100 nM phthalates and E2, compared with the control group and MCF-10A cells co-cultured with fibroblasts. The effects of the three phthalates were noted to be dose-dependent. CONCLUSIONS The results indicate that phthalates at a level below its no-observed-adverse-effect concentration, as defined by the current standards, still induce cell cycle progression and proliferation as well as inhibit apoptosis of normal breast cells. Thus, the possibility of breast tumorigenesis through chronic phthalate exposure should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang-Ping Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung 204, Taiwan; Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kwei-Shan, Taoyuan, 259, Taiwan.
| | - Mei-Hua Chien
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung 204, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hui Lee
- Department of General Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung 204, Taiwan
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15
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Miret NV, Pontillo CA, Buján S, Chiappini FA, Randi AS. Mechanisms of breast cancer progression induced by environment-polluting aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonists. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 216:115773. [PMID: 37659737 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common invasive malignancy among women worldwide and constitutes a complex and heterogeneous disease. Interest has recently grown in the role of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) in breast cancer and the contribution of environment-polluting AhR agonists. Here, we present a literature review addressing AhR ligands, including pesticides hexachlorobenzene and chlorpyrifos, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans, polychlorinated biphenyls, parabens, and phthalates. The objectives of this review are a) to summarize recent original experimental, preclinical, and clinical studies on the biological mechanisms of AhR agonists which interfere with the regulation of breast endocrine functions, and b) to examine the biological effects of AhR ligands and their impact on breast cancer development and progression. We discuss biological mechanisms of action in cell viability, cell cycle, proliferation, epigenetic changes, epithelial to mesenchymal transition, and cell migration and invasion. In addition, we examine the effects of AhR ligands on angiogenic processes, metastasis, chemoresistance, and stem cell renewal. We conclude that exposure to AhR agonists stimulates pathways that promote breast cancer development and may contribute to tumor progression. Given the massive use of industrial and agricultural chemicals, ongoing evaluation of their effects in laboratory assays and preclinical studies in breast cancer at environmentally relevant doses is deemed essential. Likewise, awareness should be raised in the population regarding the most harmful toxicants to eradicate or minimize their use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noelia V Miret
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Bioquímica Humana, Laboratorio de Efectos Biológicos de Contaminantes Ambientales, Paraguay 2155, Piso 5, (CP 1121), Buenos Aires, Argentina; Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Físico-Matemática, Laboratorio de Radioisótopos, Junín 954, 1er subsuelo (CP1113), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Carolina A Pontillo
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Bioquímica Humana, Laboratorio de Efectos Biológicos de Contaminantes Ambientales, Paraguay 2155, Piso 5, (CP 1121), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Sol Buján
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Bioquímica Humana, Laboratorio de Efectos Biológicos de Contaminantes Ambientales, Paraguay 2155, Piso 5, (CP 1121), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Florencia A Chiappini
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Bioquímica Humana, Laboratorio de Efectos Biológicos de Contaminantes Ambientales, Paraguay 2155, Piso 5, (CP 1121), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Andrea S Randi
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Bioquímica Humana, Laboratorio de Efectos Biológicos de Contaminantes Ambientales, Paraguay 2155, Piso 5, (CP 1121), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Yang Y, Wang T, Luo L, He Q, Guo F, Chen Z, Liu Y, Liu X, Xie Y, Shang X, Shen X, Zhou Y, Tian K. Co-Exposure of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Phthalates with Blood Cell-Based Inflammation in Early Pregnant Women. TOXICS 2023; 11:810. [PMID: 37888661 PMCID: PMC10611080 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11100810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Cumulative evidence has demonstrated that exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) or phthalates (PAEs) contributes to a variety of adverse health effects. However, the association of PAHs and PAEs co-exposure with blood cell-based inflammatory indicators during early pregnancy is still unclear. We aimed to investigate the single and mixed associations of exposure to PAHs and PAEs with blood cell-based inflammatory indicators among early pregnant women. A total of 318 early pregnant women were included in this study. General linear regressions were used to estimate the relationships of individual OH-PAHs and mPAEs with blood cell-based inflammatory indicators. The key pollutants were selected by an adapted least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) penalized regression model and wasemployed to build the Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) and quantile g-computation (Q-g) models, which can assess the joint association of OH-PAHs and mPAEs with blood cell-based inflammatory indicators. General linear regression indicated that each 1% increase in MOP was associated with a 4.92% (95% CI: 2.12%, 7.68%), 3.25% (95% CI: 0.50%, 6.18%), 5.87% (95% CI: 2.22%, 9.64%), and 6.50% (95% CI: 3.46%, 9.64%) increase in WBC, lymphocytes, neutrophils, and monocytes, respectively. BKMR and Q-g analysis showed that the mixture of OH-PAHs and mPAEs was linked with increased levels of white blood cells (WBC), neutrophils, monocytes, and lymphocytes, and MOP was identified as the dominant contributor. OH-PAHs and mPAEs co-exposure in early pregnancy was associated with elevated blood cell-based inflammatory indicators reactions. More attention should be paid to the inflammation induced by environmental pollution for perinatal women, especially early pregnant women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunxiao Yang
- School of Nursing, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China;
- School of Public Health, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China;
| | - Ting Wang
- School of Health Policy and Management, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, China;
| | - Lei Luo
- School of Public Health, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China;
| | - Qian He
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China;
| | - Fangfei Guo
- School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550000, China;
| | - Zhongbao Chen
- Renhuai Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zunyi 563000, China;
| | - Yijun Liu
- School of Public Health, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China;
- Key Laboratory of Maternal & Child Health, Exposure Science of Guizhou Higher Education Institutes, Zunyi 563000, China; (Y.L.); (X.L.); (Y.X.); (X.S.)
| | - Xingyan Liu
- School of Public Health, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China;
- Key Laboratory of Maternal & Child Health, Exposure Science of Guizhou Higher Education Institutes, Zunyi 563000, China; (Y.L.); (X.L.); (Y.X.); (X.S.)
| | - Yan Xie
- School of Public Health, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China;
- Key Laboratory of Maternal & Child Health, Exposure Science of Guizhou Higher Education Institutes, Zunyi 563000, China; (Y.L.); (X.L.); (Y.X.); (X.S.)
| | - Xuejun Shang
- Department of Andrology, School of Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, China;
| | - Xubo Shen
- School of Public Health, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China;
- Key Laboratory of Maternal & Child Health, Exposure Science of Guizhou Higher Education Institutes, Zunyi 563000, China; (Y.L.); (X.L.); (Y.X.); (X.S.)
| | - Yuanzhong Zhou
- School of Public Health, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China;
- Key Laboratory of Maternal & Child Health, Exposure Science of Guizhou Higher Education Institutes, Zunyi 563000, China; (Y.L.); (X.L.); (Y.X.); (X.S.)
| | - Kunming Tian
- School of Public Health, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China;
- Key Laboratory of Maternal & Child Health, Exposure Science of Guizhou Higher Education Institutes, Zunyi 563000, China; (Y.L.); (X.L.); (Y.X.); (X.S.)
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Shu L, Zhang X, Zhu Q, Lv X, Si C. Association between ultra-processed food consumption and risk of breast cancer: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of observational studies. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1250361. [PMID: 37731393 PMCID: PMC10507475 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1250361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Some epidemiological studies have examined the association between consumption of ultra-processed food (UPF) and the risk of breast cancer. However, the results were inconsistent. Therefore, we carried out a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis to examine whether an association exists between high consumption of UPF and breast cancer risk. Methods PubMed/MEDLINE, ISI Web of Science, EBSCO and CNKI databases were systematically searched from inception to May 2023. The summary relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) associated with UPF consumption and breast cancer were calculated using a random-effects model (DerSimonian-Laird method). Heterogeneity between included studies was examined using the Cochran's Q test and I-square (I2) statistics. Publication bias was studied by visual inspection of funnel plot asymmetry and Begg's and Egger's tests. Results Overall, six articles involving 462,292 participants, were eligible to be included in this study. Compared to the lowest consumption, highest consumption of UPF was related to a higher risk of breast cancer (RR = 1.10; 95%CI: 1.00-1.22, p = 0.056). Besides, the linear dose-response analysis showed that each 10% increment in UPF consumption was related to a 5% higher risk of breast cancer (RR = 1.05; 95%CI: 1.00-1.10, p = 0.048). Subgroup analyses suggested that UPF consumption was positively associated with breast cancer risk in case-control studies (RR = 1.13; 95%CI: 1.01-1.26, p = 0.028). Additionally, there was also a significant positive association between UPF consumption and breast cancer risk in the subgroup with sample size<5,000(RR = 1.17; 95%CI: 1.02-1.35, p = 0.028). Conclusion Our results indicate that higher consumption of UPF is slightly related to a higher risk of breast cancer. Further studies in particular of large prospective cohort studies are warranted to confirm these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Shu
- Department of Nutrition, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhang
- Department of Nutrition, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qin Zhu
- Department of Nutrition, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Digestion, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoling Lv
- Department of Geriatrics, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Geriatrics, Geriatrics Institute of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Caijuan Si
- Department of Nutrition, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, China
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18
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Smotherman C, Sprague B, Datta S, Braithwaite D, Qin H, Yaghjyan L. Association of air pollution with postmenopausal breast cancer risk in UK Biobank. Breast Cancer Res 2023; 25:83. [PMID: 37443054 PMCID: PMC10339564 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-023-01681-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We investigated the association of several air pollution measures with postmenopausal breast cancer (BCa) risk. METHODS This study included 155,235 postmenopausal women (of which 6146 with BCa) from UK Biobank. Cancer diagnoses were ascertained through the linkage to the UK National Health Service Central Registers. Annual exposure averages were available from 2005, 2006, 2007, and 2010 for NO2, from 2007 and 2010 for PM10, and from 2010 for PM2.5, NOX, PM2.5-10 and PM2.5 absorbance. Information on BCa risk factors was collected at baseline. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to evaluate the associations of year-specific and cumulative average exposures with BCa risk, overall and with 2-year exposure lag, while adjusting for BCa risk factors. RESULTS PM10 in 2007 and cumulative average PM10 were positively associated with BCa risk (2007 PM10: Hazard ratio [HR] per 10 µg/m3 = 1.18, 95% CI 1.08, 1.29; cumulative average PM10: HR per 10 µg/m3 = 1.99, 95% CI 1.75, 2.27). Compared to women with low exposure, women with higher 2007 PM10 and cumulative average PM10 had greater BCa risk (4th vs. 1st quartile HR = 1.15, 95% CI 1.07, 1.24, p-trend = 0.001 and HR = 1.35, 95% CI 1.25, 1.44, p-trend < 0.0001, respectively). No significant associations were found for any other exposure measures. In the analysis with 2-year exposure lag, both 2007 PM 10 and cumulative average PM10 were positively associated with BCa risk (4th vs. 1st quartile HR = 1.19, 95% CI 1.10, 1.28 and HR = 1.29, 95% CI 1.19, 1.39, respectively). CONCLUSION Our findings suggest a positive association of 2007 PM10 and cumulative average PM10 with postmenopausal BCa risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Smotherman
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health and Health Professions and College of Medicine, University of Florida, 2004 Mowry Road, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA.
| | - Brian Sprague
- Department of Surgery, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Susmita Datta
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Public Health and Health Professions and College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Dejana Braithwaite
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health and Health Professions and College of Medicine, University of Florida, 2004 Mowry Road, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Huaizhen Qin
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health and Health Professions and College of Medicine, University of Florida, 2004 Mowry Road, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Lusine Yaghjyan
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health and Health Professions and College of Medicine, University of Florida, 2004 Mowry Road, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
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Milanović M, Milošević N, Milić N, Stojanoska MM, Petri E, Filipović JM. Food contaminants and potential risk of diabetes development: A narrative review. World J Diabetes 2023; 14:705-723. [PMID: 37383596 PMCID: PMC10294057 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v14.i6.705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The number of people diagnosed with diabetes continues to increase, especially among younger populations. Apart from genetic predisposition and lifestyle, there is increasing scientific and public concern that environmental agents may also contribute to diabetes. Food contamination by chemical substances that originate from packaging materials, or are the result of chemical reactions during food processing, is generally recognized as a worldwide problem with potential health hazards. Phthalates, bisphenol A (BPA) and acrylamide (AA) have been the focus of attention in recent years, due to the numerous adverse health effects associated with their exposure. This paper summarizes the available data about the association between phthalates, BPA and AA exposure and diabetes. Although their mechanism of action has not been fully clarified, in vitro, in vivo and epidemiological studies have made significant progress toward identifying the potential roles of phthalates, BPA and AA in diabetes development and progression. These chemicals interfere with multiple signaling pathways involved in glucose and lipid homeostasis and can aggravate the symptoms of diabetes. Especially concerning are the effects of exposure during early stages and the gestational period. Well-designed prospective studies are needed in order to better establish prevention strategies against the harmful effects of these food contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maja Milanović
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad 21000, Serbia
| | - Nataša Milošević
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad 21000, Serbia
| | - Nataša Milić
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad 21000, Serbia
| | - Milica Medić Stojanoska
- Faculty of Medicine, Clinic for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, University Clinical Center of Vojvodina, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad 21000, Serbia
| | - Edward Petri
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad 21000, Serbia
| | - Jelena Marković Filipović
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad 21000, Serbia
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20
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Chen FP, Chien MH, Lee CH. Regulation of the cell cycle and P13K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway by phthalates in normal human breast cells. Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol 2023; 62:434-439. [PMID: 37188449 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjog.2022.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the impact of phthalates, including Butyl benzyl phthalate (BBP), di(n-butyl) phthalate (DBP), and di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), in breast carcinogenesis. MATERIALS AND METHODS MCF-10A normal breast cells were treated with phthalates (100 nM) and 17β-estradiol (E2, 10 nM), which were co-cultured with fibroblasts from normal mammary tissue adjacent to estrogen receptor positive primary breast cancers. Cell viability was determined using a 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Cell cycles were analyzed using flow cytometry. The proteins involving cell cycles and P13K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway were then evaluated by Western blot analysis. RESULTS MCF-10A co-cultured cells treated with E2, BBP, DBP, and DEHP exhibited a significant increase in cell viability using MTT assay. The expressions of P13K, p-AKT, and p-mTOR, as well as PDK1 expression, were significantly higher in MCF-10A cells treated with E2 and phthalates. E2, BBP, DBP, and DEHP significantly increased cell percentages in the S and G2/M phases. The significantly higher expression of cyclin D/CDK4, cyclin E/CDK2, cyclin A/CDK2, cyclin A/CDK1, and cyclin B/CDK1 in MCF-10A co-cultured cells were induced by E2 and these three phthalates. CONCLUSION These results provide consistent data regarding the potential role of phthalates exposure in the stimulating proliferation of normal breast cells, enhancing cell viability, and driving P13K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway and cell cycle progression. These findings strongly support the hypothesis that phthalates may play a crucial role in breast tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang-Ping Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung 204, Taiwan; Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kwei-Shan, Taoyuan, 259, Taiwan.
| | - Mei-Hua Chien
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung 204, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hui Lee
- Department of General Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung 204, Taiwan
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21
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Liu H, Xu L, Zhou L, Han W, Li Z, Liu C. DBP induced autophagy and necrotic apoptosis in HepG2 cells via the mitochondrial damage pathway. Food Chem Toxicol 2023; 176:113782. [PMID: 37059380 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2023.113782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
Phthalate esters (PAEs) are widely present in human tissues and pose significant health risks. In this study, HepG2 cells were treated with 0.0625, 0.125, 0.25, 0.5 and 1 mM Dibutyl phthalate (DBP) for 48 h to investigate mitochondrial toxicity. The results showed that DBP caused mitochondrial damage, autophagy, apoptosis and necroptosis; Transcriptomics analysis identified that MAPK and PI3K were significant factors in the cytotoxic changes induced by DBP; N-Acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC), SIRT1 activator, ERK inhibitor, p38 inhibitor and ERK siRNA treatments counteracted the changes of SIRT1/PGC-1α and Nrf2 pathway-related proteins, autophagy and necroptotic apoptosis proteins induced by DBP. While PI3K and Nrf2 inhibitors exacerbated the changes in SIRT1/PGC-1α, Nrf2-associated proteins and autophagy and necroptosis proteins induced by DBP. In addition, the autophagy inhibitor 3-MA alleviated the increase in DBP-induced necroptosis proteins. These results suggested that DBP-induced oxidative stress activated the MAPK pathway, inhibited the PI3K pathway, which in turn inhibited the SIRT1/PGC-1α pathway and Nrf2 pathway, thereby causing cell autophagy and necroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Liu
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
| | - Linjing Xu
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
| | - Lizi Zhou
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
| | - Wenna Han
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
| | - Zhongyi Li
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
| | - Chunhong Liu
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
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22
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Lee D, Kwon J, Choi C, Jeon J, Lee G. Quantitative analysis of phthalates using a pyrolyzer gas chromatography/mass spectrometry method. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2023; 58:e4912. [PMID: 36916476 DOI: 10.1002/jms.4912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
A pyrolyzer gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) method eliminates toxic solvents that burden our environment and can address the crucial problem of the solvent extraction GC/MS method. The purpose of this study is to establish an efficient quantitative analysis method for 10 phthalates that are regulated by the several governments. A change of concentrations over time for phthalates and internal standards was measured to verify the feasibility of using an auto sampler that facilitates analyzing multiple samples. Both standards maintained constant concentrations over the appropriate time for analysis. A certified reference material under the auspices of the Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science was used to verify the calibration curve obtained by the pyrolyzer GC/MS method, and a deviation was considered similar to the solvent extraction GC/MS method. Then, the limit of detection and limit of quantitation values were confirmed for various consumer products. To verify the reliability of the method, a comparative test with several accredited testing institutes was conducted, and the results were within the standard deviations of the results provided by the institutes. These results indicate that the pyrolyzer GC/MS method can be used in not only screening but also in accurate quantitative analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghyo Lee
- Lotte R&D Center, 201, Magokjungang-ro, Gangseo-gu, Seoul, 08096, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungmin Kwon
- Lotte R&D Center, 201, Magokjungang-ro, Gangseo-gu, Seoul, 08096, Republic of Korea
| | - Choongryul Choi
- Lotte R&D Center, 201, Magokjungang-ro, Gangseo-gu, Seoul, 08096, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinkyung Jeon
- Lotte R&D Center, 201, Magokjungang-ro, Gangseo-gu, Seoul, 08096, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyeonghweon Lee
- Lotte R&D Center, 201, Magokjungang-ro, Gangseo-gu, Seoul, 08096, Republic of Korea
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23
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Cao WS, Zhao MJ, Chen Y, Zhu JY, Xie CF, Li XT, Geng SS, Zhong CY, Fu JY, Wu JS. Low-dose phthalates promote breast cancer stem cell properties via the oncogene ΔNp63α and the Sonic hedgehog pathway. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 252:114605. [PMID: 36753971 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The omnipresence of human phthalate (PAE) exposure is linked to various adverse health issues, including breast cancer. However, the effects of low-dose PAE exposure on breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs) and the underlying mechanism remain unexplored. METHODS BCSCs from breast cancer cell lines (MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7) were enriched using a tumorsphere formation assay. Gene and protein expression was detected by measurement of quantitative real-time reverse transcription PCR, western blot, and immunofluorescence assays. Transient transfection assays were used to evaluate the involvement of Gli1, a signaling pathway molecule and ΔNp63α, an oncogene in influencing the PAE-induced characteristics of BCSCs. RESULTS PAE (butylbenzyl phthalate, BBP; di-butyl phthalate, DBP; di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate, DEHP) exposure of 10-9 M significantly promoted the tumorsphere formation ability in BCSCs. Breast cancer spheroids with a 10-9 M PAE exposure had higher levels of BCSC marker mRNA and protein expression, activated sonic hedgehog (SHH) pathway, and increased mRNA and protein levels of an oncogene, ΔNp63α. Furthermore, suppression of the SHH pathway attenuated the effects of PAEs on BCSCs. And the overexpression of ΔNp63α enhanced PAE-induced characteristics of BCSCs, while low expression of ΔNp63α inhibited the promotion effects of PAEs on BCSCs and the SHH pathway. CONCLUSION Low-dose PAE exposure promoted the stem cell properties of BCSCs in a ΔNp63α- and SHH-dependent manner. The influence of low-dose exposure of PAEs and its relevance for the lowest observed effect concentrations requires further investigation, and the precise underlying mechanism needs to be further explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Shuang Cao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Meng-Jiu Zhao
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Yue Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Jian-Yun Zhu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Chun-Feng Xie
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Xiao-Ting Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Shan-Shan Geng
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Cai-Yun Zhong
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Cancer Research Division, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Jin-Yan Fu
- Department of Nutrition, Wuxi Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Wuxi 214002, China.
| | - Jie-Shu Wu
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.
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24
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du Plessis M, Fourie C, Stone W, Engelbrecht AM. The impact of endocrine disrupting compounds and carcinogens in wastewater: Implications for breast cancer. Biochimie 2023; 209:103-115. [PMID: 36775066 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2023.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
The incidence of breast cancer is often associated with geographic variation which indicates that a person's surrounding environment can be an important etiological factor in cancer development. Environmental risk factors can include exposure to sewage- or wastewater, which consist of a complex mixture of pathogens, mutagens and carcinogens. Wastewater contains primarily carbonaceous, nitrogenous and phosphorus compounds, however it can also contain trace amounts of chemical pollutants including toxic metal cations, hydrocarbons and pesticides. More importantly, the contamination of drinking water by wastewater is a potential source of exposure to mammary carcinogens and endocrine disrupting compounds. Organic solvents and other pollutants often found in wastewater have been detected in various tissues, including breast and adipose tissues. Furthermore, these pollutants such as phenolic compounds in some detergents and plastics, as well as parabens and pesticides can mimic estrogen. High estrogen levels are a well-established risk factor for estrogen-receptor (ER) positive breast cancer. Therefore, exposure to wastewater is a risk factor for the initiation, progression and metastasis of breast cancer. Carcinogens present in wastewater can promote tumourigenesis through various mechanisms, including the formation of DNA adducts, gene mutations and oxidative stress. Lastly, the presence of endocrine disrupting compounds in wastewater can have negative implications for ER-positive breast cancers, where these molecules can activate ERα to promote cell proliferation, survival and metastasis. As such, strategies should be implemented to limit exposure, such as providing funding into treatment technologies and implementation of regulations that limit the production and use of these potentially harmful chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manisha du Plessis
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, 7600, South Africa.
| | - Carla Fourie
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, 7600, South Africa.
| | - Wendy Stone
- Stellenbosch University Water Institute, Faculty of Science, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, 7600, South Africa
| | - Anna-Mart Engelbrecht
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, 7600, South Africa; African Cancer Institute (ACI), Department of Global Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg Campus, South Africa
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25
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Cao W, Lu X, Zhong C, Wu J. Sulforaphane Suppresses MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells Growth via miR-19/PTEN Axis to Antagonize the Effect of Butyl Benzyl Phthalate. Nutr Cancer 2023; 75:980-991. [PMID: 36542459 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2022.2156555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Sulforaphane (SFN), a major isothiocyanate found in cruciferous vegetables, reportedly exerts extensive antitumor effects. Butyl benzyl phthalate (BBP), a widely used plasticizer, plays a crucial role in the promotion of breast cancer. In the present study, we demonstrated that SFN inhibited proliferation, induced apoptosis, and suppressed the stemness of MCF-7 cells, whereas BBP exerted the opposite effects; microRNA-19 (miR-19) plays an important role in BBP-induced cell growth and dysregulation mediated via PTEN and p21. The growth-promoting effect of BBP could be mitigated by SFN, accompanied by a reversal of altered expression of miR-19a, miR-19b, PTEN, and p21. SFN also suppressed BBP-induced binding of upregulated miR-19 with PTEN, as determined using a dual-luciferase reporter assay. Collectively, these results demonstrated, for the first time, that SFN regulates the miR-19/PTEN axis to exert protective effects against BBP-mediated breast cancer promotion, suggesting a new potential role for SFN (or SFN-rich foods) in phthalate antagonism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanshuang Cao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Cancer Research Division, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaomin Lu
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Caiyun Zhong
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Cancer Research Division, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jieshu Wu
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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26
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Khan NG, Eswaran S, Adiga D, Sriharikrishnaa S, Chakrabarty S, Rai PS, Kabekkodu SP. Integrated bioinformatic analysis to understand the association between phthalate exposure and breast cancer progression. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2022; 457:116296. [PMID: 36328110 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2022.116296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Revised: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Phthalates have been extensively used as plasticizers while manufacturing plastic-based consumer products. Estradiol mimicking properties and association studies suggest phthalates may contribute to breast cancer (BC). We performed an in-silico analysis and functional studies to understand the association between phthalate exposure and BC progression. Search for phthalate-responsive genes using the comparative toxicogenomics database identified 20 genes as commonly altered in response to multiple phthalates exposure. Of the 20 genes, 12 were significantly differentially expressed between normal and BC samples. In BC samples, 9 out of 20 genes showed a negative correlation between promoter methylation and its expression. AHR, BAX, BCL2, CAT, ESR2, IL6, and PTGS2 expression differed significantly between metastatic and non-metastatic BC samples. Gene set enrichment analysis identified metabolism, ATP-binding cassette transporters, insulin signaling, and type II diabetes as highly enriched pathways. The diagnostic assessment based on 20 genes expression suggested a sensitivity and a specificity >0.91. The aberrantly expressed phthalate interactive gene influenced the overall survival of BC patients. Drug-gene interaction analysis identified 14 genes and 523 candidate drugs, including 19 BC treatment-approved drugs. Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthlate (DEHP) exposure increased the growth, proliferation, and migration of MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells in-vitro. DEHP exposure induced morphological changes, actin cytoskeletal remodeling, increased ROS content, reduced basal level lipid peroxidation, and induced epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT). The present approach can help to explore the potentially damaging effects of environmental agents on cancer risk and understand the underlined pathways and molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadeem G Khan
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Sangavi Eswaran
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Divya Adiga
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - S Sriharikrishnaa
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Sanjiban Chakrabarty
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India; Centre for DNA repair and Genome Stability (CDRGS), Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Padmalatha S Rai
- Department of Biotechnology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Shama Prasada Kabekkodu
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India; Centre for DNA repair and Genome Stability (CDRGS), Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India.
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27
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Determination of 15 phthalic acid esters based on GC–MS/MS coupled with modified QuEChERS in edible oils. Food Chem X 2022; 16:100520. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2022.100520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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28
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Beyer A, Schorgg P, Karavasiloglou N, Sarwar S, Rohrmann S, Bärnighausen T, Cassidy A, Connolly L, Kühn T. Urinary phthalate concentrations and mortality risk: A population-based study. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 214:113927. [PMID: 35868575 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Phthalates are widely used as plasticizers. Laboratory-based mechanistic and epidemiological studies suggest that phthalates are detrimental to human health. Here, we present prospective analyses on phthalate exposure and all-cause, as well as cause-specific, mortality from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), a population-based cohort. Between 1999 and 2018, urinary concentrations of 12 phthalate metabolites were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry in spot urine samples of 10,881 adults aged 40-85 years, of which 2382 died over a median duration of 8.9 years after sample provision. Multivariable Cox regression analyses adjusted for a wide range of lifestyle factors and comorbidities showed that higher concentrations of mono-benzyl phthalate (MBzP) and Mono-n-butyl phthalate (MnBP) were associated with increased mortality. The hazard ratios for participants in the highest quartiles of MBzP and MnBP concentrations were at 1.27 [95% confidence interval: 1.08, 1.49; p linear trend = 0.002] and 1.35 [1.13, 1.62; p linear trend = 0.005). These findings reinforce the need for monitoring of phthalate exposure in relation to health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anika Beyer
- Heidelberg Institute of Global Health (HIGH), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany; Medical Faculty of the University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Paula Schorgg
- Heidelberg Institute of Global Health (HIGH), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany; Medical Faculty of the University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nena Karavasiloglou
- Division of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute (EBPI), University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sneha Sarwar
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Sabine Rohrmann
- Division of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute (EBPI), University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Till Bärnighausen
- Heidelberg Institute of Global Health (HIGH), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany; Harvard Center for Population and Development Studies, Cambridge, MA, USA; Africa Health Research Institute, Somkhele and Durban, South Africa
| | - Aedin Cassidy
- The Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, UK
| | - Lisa Connolly
- The Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, UK
| | - Tilman Kühn
- Heidelberg Institute of Global Health (HIGH), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany; The Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, UK.
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29
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Chen J, Ward TJ, Ho SSH, Ho KF. Occurrence and Risk Assessment of Personal PM 2.5-Bound Phthalates Exposure for Adults in Hong Kong. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:13425. [PMID: 36294006 PMCID: PMC9602720 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192013425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
We performed personal PM2.5 monitoring involving 56 adult residents in Hong Kong. Additionally, paired personal and residential indoor fine particle (PM2.5) samples were collected from 26 homes and from 3 fixed monitoring locations (i.e., outdoor samples). Six PM2.5-bound phthalate esters (PAEs)-including dimethyl phthalate (DMP), diethyl phthalate (DEP), di-n-butyl phthalate (DnBP), butyl benzyl phthalate (BBP), di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), and di-n-octyl phthalate (DnOP)-were measured using a thermal desorption-gas chromatography/mass spectrometer method. Average ∑6PAEs (i.e., summation of six PAE congeners) concentrations in personal PM2.5 exposure (699.4 ng/m3) were comparable with those in residential indoors (646.9 ng/m3), and both were slightly lower than the outdoor levels. DEHP was the most abundant PAE congener (80.3%-85.0%) and found at the highest levels in different exposure categories, followed by BBP, DnBP, and DnOP. Strong correlations were observed between DEHP with DnBP (rs: 0.81-0.90; p < 0.01), BBP (rs: 0.81-0.90; p < 0.01), and DnOP (rs: 0.87-0.93; p < 0.01) in each exposure category. However, no apparent intercorrelations were shown for PAE congeners. Higher indoor concentrations and a stronger correlation between DMP and DEP were found compared with outdoor concentrations. Principal component analysis affirmed heterogeneous distribution and notable variations in PAE sources across different exposure categories. The average daily intakes of ∑6PAEs and DEHP via inhalation were 0.14-0.17 and 0.12-0.16 μg/kg-day for adults in Hong Kong. A time-weighted model was used to estimate PAE exposures incorporating residential indoor and outdoor exposure and time activities. The inhalation cancer risks attributable to measured and estimated personal exposure to DEHP exceeded the U.S. EPA's benchmark (1 × 10-6). The results provide critical information for mitigation strategies, suggesting that PAEs from both ambient and indoor sources should be considered when exploring the inhalation health risks of PAEs exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayao Chen
- Department of Real Estate and Construction, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation, The University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Tony J. Ward
- School of Public and Community Health Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59801, USA
| | - Steven Sai Hang Ho
- Division of Atmospheric Sciences, Desert Research Institute, Reno, NV 89512, USA
| | - Kin Fai Ho
- The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Kokai D, Stanic B, Tesic B, Samardzija Nenadov D, Pogrmic-Majkic K, Fa Nedeljkovic S, Andric N. Dibutyl phthalate promotes angiogenesis in EA.hy926 cells through estrogen receptor-dependent activation of ERK1/2, PI3K-Akt, and NO signaling pathways. Chem Biol Interact 2022; 366:110174. [PMID: 36089060 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2022.110174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Dibutyl phthalate (DBP) is an endocrine disruptor that has been widely used in various products of human use. DBP exposure has been associated with reproductive and cardiovascular diseases and metabolic disorders. Although dysfunction of the vascular endothelium is responsible for many cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, little is known about the effects of DBP on human endothelium. In this study, we investigated the effect of three concentrations of DBP (10-6, 10-5, and 10-4 M) on angiogenesis in human endothelial cell (EC) line EA.hy926 after acute exposure. Tube formation assay was used to investigate in vitro angiogenesis, whereas qRT-PCR was employed to measure mRNA expression. The effect of DBP on extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)-protein kinase B (Akt), and endothelial nitric oxide (NO) synthase (eNOS) activation was examined using Western blotting, whereas the Griess method was used to assess NO production. Results show that the 24-h-long exposure to 10-4 M DBP increased endothelial tube formation, which was prevented by addition of U0126 (ERK1/2 inhibitor), wortmannin (PI3K-Akt inhibitor), and l-NAME (NOS inhibitor). Short exposure to 10-4 M DBP (from 15 to 120 min) phosphorylated ERK1/2, Akt, and eNOS in different time points and increased NO production after 24 and 48 h of exposure. Application of nuclear estrogen receptor (ER) and G protein-coupled ER (GPER) inhibitors ICI 182,780 and G-15, respectively, abolished the DBP-mediated ERK1/2, Akt, and eNOS phosphorylation and increase in NO production. In this study, we report for the first time that DBP exerts a pro-angiogenic effect on human vascular ECs and describe the molecular mechanism involving ER- and GPER-dependent activation of ERK1/2, PI3K-Akt, and NO signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dunja Kokai
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology and Ecology, Serbia
| | - Bojana Stanic
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology and Ecology, Serbia.
| | - Biljana Tesic
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology and Ecology, Serbia
| | | | | | | | - Nebojsa Andric
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology and Ecology, Serbia
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Yan S, Hu C, Wang Y, Gao J, Wang Z, Han T, Sun C, Jiang W. Association of phthalate exposure with all-cause and cause-specific mortality among people with hypertension: The U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2003-2014. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 303:135190. [PMID: 35660055 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Revised: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
There is growing evidence that phthalate exposure results in a deteriorated effect on human health, while very few studies directly investigate the relationship of phthalate metabolites with mortality among people with hypertension. We aimed to explore whether exposure to phthalates is associated with all-cause and cause-specific mortality among people with hypertension. This study included 4012 people with hypertension from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2003 to 2014. Death information was obtained from the National Death Index until 2015. A total of 577 deaths including 196 deaths due to cardiovascular disease (CVD) and 119 deaths due to cancer were documented. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). After adjustment for potential covariates, participants exposed to mono-ethyl phthalate (MEP) had a higher risk of cancer mortality (HR, 2.06; 95% CI, 1.07-3.95). Participants exposed to mono-n-butyl phthalate (MnBP) had higher risks of all-cause (HR, 1.83; 95% CI, 1.28-2.60), CVD (HR, 2.19; 95% CI, 1.21-3.95), and cancer (HR, 2.35; 95% CI, 1.07-5.17) mortality. Participants exposed to mono-benzyl phthalate (MBzP) had higher risks of all-cause (HR, 2.19; 95% CI, 1.58-3.05) and CVD (HR, 2.36; 95% CI, 1.35-4.13) mortality. Participants exposed to di-2-ethylhexylphthalate (DEHP) had a higher risk of all-cause mortality (HR, 1.69; 95% CI, 1.19-2.39). Our findings suggested that higher levels of specific phthalates were significantly associated with increased risks of all-cause, CVD, and cancer mortality among people with hypertension. Further studies are needed to confirm these findings and identify the underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiwei Yan
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150081, PR China
| | - Cong Hu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150081, PR China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150081, PR China
| | - Jian Gao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150081, PR China
| | - Ziqi Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150081, PR China
| | - Tianshu Han
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150081, PR China.
| | - Changhao Sun
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150081, PR China.
| | - Wenbo Jiang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150081, PR China.
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Zhao L, Liu M, Liu L, Guo W, Yang H, Chen S, Yu J, Li M, Fang Q, Lai X, Yang L, Zhang X. The association of co-exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon and phthalates with blood cell-based inflammatory biomarkers in children: A panel study. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 307:119479. [PMID: 35598818 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The association of co-exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and phthalates (PAEs) with blood cell-based inflammatory biomarkers is largely unknown. We conducted a panel study of 144 children aged 4-12 years, with up to 3 repeated visits across 3 seasons. For each visit, we collected the first-morning urine for 4 consecutive days and fasting blood on the day of physical examination. We developed a gas chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry method to detect the metabolites of 10 PAHs (OH-PAHs) and 10 PAEs (mPAEs) in urine samples. We employed linear mixed-effects models to evaluate the individual associations of each OH-PAH and mPAE with blood cell-based inflammatory biomarkers over different lag times. Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) and quantile g-computation were used to evaluate the overall associations of OH-PAHs and mPAEs mixtures with blood cell-based inflammatory biomarkers. After multiple adjustments, we found positive associations of summed hydroxylphenanthrene (∑OHPHE), summed OH-PAHs, and mono-n-butyl phthalate with inflammatory biomarkers such as neutrophil count, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, and the systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) at lag 0 (the day of physical examination). Each 1% increase in ∑OHPHE was related to a 0.18% (95% confidence interval: 0.10%, 0.25%) increase in SII, which was the strongest among the above associations. The results of BKMR and quantile g-computation suggested that co-exposure to PAHs and PAEs mixture was associated with an elevated white blood cell count, neutrophil count, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, and SII, to which ∑OHPHE and 1-hydroxypyrene (1-OHPYR) might be the major contributors. In addition, gender and age modified the associations of ∑OHPHE and 1-OHPYR with inflammatory biomarkers, where girls and younger children were more susceptible. In conclusion, co-exposure to PAHs and PAEs was associated with elevated inflammation in children, in which ∑OHPHE and 1-OHPYR might play important roles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Department of Public Health, Medical College of Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai, China
| | - Miao Liu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Linlin Liu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Wenting Guo
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Huihua Yang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Shuang Chen
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jie Yu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Meng Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Qin Fang
- Department of Medical Affairs, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University), Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Xuefeng Lai
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Liangle Yang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaomin Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
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Schildroth S, Wise LA, Wesselink AK, Bethea TN, Fruh V, Taylor KW, Calafat AM, Baird DD, Claus Henn B. Correlates of non-persistent endocrine disrupting chemical mixtures among reproductive-aged Black women in Detroit, Michigan. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 299:134447. [PMID: 35358566 PMCID: PMC9215202 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Some studies indicate that Black women have higher exposure to multiple non-persistent endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) than white women, but little is known about correlates of exposure to EDC mixtures. Using baseline data from a prospective cohort study of reproductive-aged Black women (N = 751), we characterized profiles of EDC mixtures and identified correlates of exposure. At baseline, we quantified biomarkers of 16 phthalates, 7 phenols, 4 parabens, and triclocarban in urine and collected covariate data through self-administered questionnaires and interviews. We used principal component (PC) analysis and k-means clustering to describe EDC mixture profiles. Associations between correlates and PCs were estimated as the mean difference (β) in PC scores, while associations between correlates and cluster membership were estimated as the odds ratio (OR) of cluster membership. Personal care product use was consistently associated with profiles of higher biomarker concentrations of non-persistent EDCs. Use of nail polish, menstrual and vaginal products (e.g., vaginal powder, vaginal deodorant), and sunscreen was associated with a mixture of phthalate and some phenol biomarkers using both methods. Current vaginal ring use, a form of hormonal contraception placed inside the vagina, was strongly associated with higher concentrations of high molecular weight phthalate biomarkers (k-means clustering: OR = 2.42, 95% CI = 1.28, 4.59; PCA: β = -0.32, 95% CI = -0.71, 0.07). Several dietary, reproductive, and demographic correlates were also associated with mixtures of EDC biomarkers. These findings suggest that personal care product use, diet, and contraceptive use may be sources of exposure to multiple non-persistent EDCs among reproductive-aged Black women. Targeted interventions to reduce exposure to multiple EDCs among Black women are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Schildroth
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Lauren A Wise
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Amelia K Wesselink
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Traci N Bethea
- Office of Minority Health & Health Disparities Research, Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington DC, USA
| | - Victoria Fruh
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kyla W Taylor
- National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Antonia M Calafat
- Division of Laboratory Sciences, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Donna D Baird
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Birgit Claus Henn
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
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Segovia-Mendoza M, Palacios-Arreola MI, Monroy-Escamilla LM, Soto-Piña AE, Nava-Castro KE, Becerril-Alarcón Y, Camacho-Beiza R, Aguirre-Quezada DE, Cardoso-Peña E, Amador-Muñoz O, Garduño-García JDJ, Morales-Montor J. Association of Serum Levels of Plasticizers Compounds, Phthalates and Bisphenols, in Patients and Survivors of Breast Cancer: A Real Connection? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19138040. [PMID: 35805702 PMCID: PMC9265398 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19138040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Phthalates and bisphenols are ubiquitous environmental pollutants with the ability to perturb different systems. Specifically, they can alter the endocrine system, and this is why they are also known as endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDCs). Interestingly, they are related to the development and progression of breast cancer (BC), but the threshold concentrations at which they trigger that are not well established. Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the concentration measures of parent EDCs in three groups of women (without BC, with BC, and BC survivors) from two urban populations in Mexico, to establish a possible association between EDCs and this disease. We consider the measure of the parent compounds would reflect the individual’s exposure. Methods: The levels of di-ethyl-hexyl-phthalate (DEHP), butyl-benzyl-phthalate (BBP), di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP) and di-ethyl-phthalate (DEP), bisphenol A (BPA) and bisphenol S (BPS) were determined by gas chromatograph-mass spectrometry in 102 subjects, including 37 women without any pathological disease, 46 patients with BC and 19 women survivals of BC of Mexico and Toluca City. Results: All phthalates were detected in 100% of women, two of them were significantly higher in patients with different BC subtypes in Mexico City. Differential increases were observed mainly in the serum concentration of phthalates in women with BC compared to women without disease between Mexico and Toluca City. In addition, when performing an analysis of the concentrations of phthalates by molecular type of BC, DEP and BBP were found mainly in aggressive and poorly differentiated types of BC. It should be noted that female BC survivors treated with anti-hormonal therapy showed lower levels of BBP than patients with BC. BPA and BPS were found in most samples from Mexico City. However, BPS was undetectable in women from Toluca City. Discussion: The results of our study support the hypothesis of a positive association between exposure to phthalates and BC incidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Segovia-Mendoza
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de Mexico 04510, Mexico
- Correspondence: (M.S.-M.); (J.M.-M.)
| | - Margarita Isabel Palacios-Arreola
- Grupo de Especiación Química de Aerosoles Orgánicos Atmosféricos, Instituto de Ciencias de la Atmósfera y Cambio Climático, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de Mexico 04510, Mexico; (M.I.P.-A.); (O.A.-M.)
| | | | - Alexandra Estela Soto-Piña
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Toluca 50000, Mexico; (A.E.S.-P.); (Y.B.-A.); (R.C.-B.); (E.C.-P.); (J.d.J.G.-G.)
| | - Karen Elizabeth Nava-Castro
- Grupo de Biología y Química Ambientales, Departamento de Ciencias Ambientales, Instituto de Ciencias de la Atmósfera y Cambio Climático, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de Mexico 04510, Mexico;
| | - Yizel Becerril-Alarcón
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Toluca 50000, Mexico; (A.E.S.-P.); (Y.B.-A.); (R.C.-B.); (E.C.-P.); (J.d.J.G.-G.)
| | - Roberto Camacho-Beiza
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Toluca 50000, Mexico; (A.E.S.-P.); (Y.B.-A.); (R.C.-B.); (E.C.-P.); (J.d.J.G.-G.)
- Unidad Médica Especializada para la Detección y Diagnóstico de Cáncer de Mama, Instituto de Salud del Estado de México, Toluca 51760, Mexico;
| | - David Eduardo Aguirre-Quezada
- Unidad Médica Especializada para la Detección y Diagnóstico de Cáncer de Mama, Instituto de Salud del Estado de México, Toluca 51760, Mexico;
| | - Elías Cardoso-Peña
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Toluca 50000, Mexico; (A.E.S.-P.); (Y.B.-A.); (R.C.-B.); (E.C.-P.); (J.d.J.G.-G.)
- Unidad de Medicina Familiar 220, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Toluca 50070, Mexico
| | - Omar Amador-Muñoz
- Grupo de Especiación Química de Aerosoles Orgánicos Atmosféricos, Instituto de Ciencias de la Atmósfera y Cambio Climático, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de Mexico 04510, Mexico; (M.I.P.-A.); (O.A.-M.)
| | - José de Jesús Garduño-García
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Toluca 50000, Mexico; (A.E.S.-P.); (Y.B.-A.); (R.C.-B.); (E.C.-P.); (J.d.J.G.-G.)
- Hospital Regional 251, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Toluca 50070, Mexico
| | - Jorge Morales-Montor
- Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de Mexico 04510, Mexico
- Correspondence: (M.S.-M.); (J.M.-M.)
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Sungur Ş, Ciran M, Köroğlu M, Turgut FH. Phthalates in commonly used pharmaceuticals. TOXIN REV 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/15569543.2022.2094415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Şana Sungur
- Science and Letters Faculty, Department of Chemistry, Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey
| | - Mutasım Ciran
- Science and Letters Faculty, Department of Chemistry, Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey
| | - Muaz Köroğlu
- Altınözü Vocational School of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Food Processing, Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey
| | - F. Hilmi Turgut
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Nephrology, Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey
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Lin FW, Yeh MH, Lin CL, Wei JCC. Association between Breast Cancer and Second Primary Lung Cancer among the Female Population in Taiwan: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14122977. [PMID: 35740640 PMCID: PMC9221143 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14122977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Revised: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE A special association between breast cancer and second primary lung cancer in Taiwanese women has been discovered not only in clinical practice, but also in a large population-based study. We hereby investigate the association between breast cancer and second primary lung cancer in Taiwanese women. METHODS This study was conducted from the National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) from Taiwan National Health Insurance (NHI). Patients older than 18 years old and hospitalized with a first diagnosis of breast cancer during 2000 to 2012 were enrolled in the breast cancer group. Patients who were cancer free were frequency-matched with the breast cancer group by age (every five-year span) and index year. The ratio of breast cancer group to non-breast cancer group was 1:4. The event as the outcome in this study was lung cancer. The comorbidities viewed as important confounding factors included coronary artery disease, stroke, hypertension, diabetes, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, hyperlipidemia, tuberculosis, chronic kidney disease, and chronic liver disease and cirrhosis. We estimated the hazard ratios (HRs), adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs), and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for risk of lung cancer in the breast cancer group and non-breast cancer group using Cox proportional hazard models. Sensitivity analysis was also done using propensity score matching. All of the statistical analyses were performed using SAS statistical software, version 9.4 (SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC). RESULTS There were 94,451 breast cancer patients in the breast cancer group and 377,804 patients in the non-breast cancer group in this study. After being stratified by age, urbanization level, and comorbidities, the patients with breast cancer had a significantly higher risk of lung cancer compared with the patients without breast cancer, particularly for those who aged between 20 and 49 years (aHR = 2.10, 95% CI = 1.71-2.58), 50 and 64 years (aHR = 1.35, 95% CI = 1.15-1.58), and those without any comorbidities (aHR = 1.92, 95% CI = 1.64-2.23). CONCLUSION Patients with breast cancer had a significantly higher risk of developing second primary lung cancer compared with patients without breast cancer, particularly in younger groups and in those without any comorbidities. The special association may be attributed to some potential risk factors such as genetic susceptibility and long-term exposure to PM2.5, and is supposed to increase public awareness. Further studies are necessary given the fact that inherited genotypes, different subtypes of breast cancer and lung cancer, and other unrecognized etiologies may play vital roles in both cancers' development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan-Wen Lin
- Department of Surgery, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan;
| | - Ming-Hsin Yeh
- Division of Breast Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
- Correspondence:
| | - Cheng-Li Lin
- Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40202, Taiwan;
- College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - James Cheng-Chung Wei
- Department of Allergy, Immunology & Rheumatology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan;
- Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
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Lozovskaya EA, Nikiforov SB, Enikeev AG, Kostyunin KY, Sudakov NP, Semenov AA. Complexes of ortho-Phthalic Acid in Spontaneous Animal Tumors. DOKL BIOCHEM BIOPHYS 2022; 503:112-114. [PMID: 35538290 DOI: 10.1134/s1607672922010070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The presence of diethyl-, dibutyl-, and 2-ethylhexyl phthalates in spontaneous animal tumors was determined for the first time. Small-cell breast cancer of the dog and Ehrlich ascites carcinoma with the cells are particularly rich of these compounds. It is assumed that the level of phthalates in these cells is due to the activity of expression of nuclear receptors for estrogens and progesterone, as well as the peculiarities of the metabolism of xenobiotics. The accumulation of these compounds in tumor cells can increase their malignancy. The data obtained can be used for development of new diagnostic and therapeutic technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- E A Lozovskaya
- Irkutsk Scientific Center of Surgery and Traumatology, Irkutsk, Russia.
| | - S B Nikiforov
- Irkutsk Scientific Center of Surgery and Traumatology, Irkutsk, Russia
| | - A G Enikeev
- Siberian Institute of Plants Physiology and Biochemistry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Irkutsk, Russia
| | | | - N P Sudakov
- Irkutsk Scientific Center of Surgery and Traumatology, Irkutsk, Russia.,Limnological Institute, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Irkutsk, Russia
| | - A A Semenov
- Siberian Institute of Plants Physiology and Biochemistry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Irkutsk, Russia
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EL-Desouky NA, Elyamany M, Hanon AF, Atef A, Issak M, Taha SHN, Hussein RF. Association of Phthalate Exposure with Endometriosis and Idiopathic Infertility in Egyptian Women. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2022.9722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Phthalates are compounds found in medical supplies, cellophane wraps, beverage containers, metal can linings, and other products. They have the potential to be significant endocrine disruptors. In experimental animals, thereby affecting their reproductive capacity. Endometriosis is a gynecological condition defined by ectopic endometrial glands and stromal development. Exposure to phthalates has been linked to the development of endometriosis in numerous studies. The dangers of phthalates to women’s reproductive health and fertility have been widely reported.
AIM: So far, the relationship between phthalates and infertility is not proven so we decided to see if there was a link between the urine phthalate metabolite levels and endometriosis or idiopathic infertility in Egyptian women.
METHODS: Our research was carried out at the infertility outpatient clinic of the Faculty of Medicine of Cairo University. It included 100 female subjects aged 18−40-years-old. Group A (idiopathic infertility; n = 40), Group B (endometriosis; n = 40), and Group C (control; n = 20) were the three age-matched groups that were studied. Using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), the urine levels of mono-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (MEHP) were quantified.
RESULTS: The comparison between the study groups has revealed statistically significant differences regarding the urine MEHP levels between Groups A and B. An analysis of the urine MEHP levels in the study Groups A and B has also revealed that the significantly higher urinary MEHP levels are correlated with the use of dietary plastic containers, the use of cosmetics, and the patients’ estrogen levels. Moreover, the urinary MEHP levels of Group A were associated with a history of abortions.
CONCLUSIONS: Higher levels of urinary MEHP are positively associated with female reproductive disorders, specifically endometriosis, idiopathic infertility, and abortion.
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The selected epigenetic effects of phthalates: DBP, BBP and their metabolites: MBP, MBzP on human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (In Vitro). Toxicol In Vitro 2022; 82:105369. [PMID: 35487445 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2022.105369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Phthalates are classified as non-genotoxic carcinogens. These compounds do not cause direct DNA damage but may induce indirect DNA lesions leading to cancer development. In the presented paper we have studied the effect of di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP), butylbenzyl phthalate (BBP), and their metabolites, such as mono-n-butyl phthalate (MBP) and monobenzyl phthalate (MBzP) on selected epigenetic parameters in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). The cells were incubated with tested phthalates at 0.001, 0.01 and 0.1 μg/mL for 24 h. Next, global DNA methylation, methylation in the promoter regions of tumor suppressor genes (P16, TP53) and proto-oncogenes (BCL2, CCND1) were assessed as well as the expression profile of the indicated genes was analysed. The obtained results have revealed significant reduction of global DNA methylation level in PBMCs exposed to BBP, MBP and MBzP. Phthalates changed methylation pattern of the tested genes, decreased expression of P16 and TP53 genes and increased the expression of BCL2 and CCND1. In conclusion, our results have shown that the examined phthalates disturbed the processes of methylation and expression of tumor suppressor genes (P16, TP53) and protooncogenes (BCL2, CCND1) in human PBMCs.
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Ghosh K, Chatterjee B, Nalla K, Behera B, Mukherjee A, Kanade SR. Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate triggers DNA methyltransferase 1 expression resulting in elevated CpG-methylation and enrichment of MECP2 in the p21 promoter in vitro. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 293:133569. [PMID: 35033518 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.133569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Leaching of the plastic constituents leading to their chronic exposure to humans is a major concern for our environmental and occupational health. Our previous and other numerous studies have demonstrated that environmental chemicals like di (2-Ethylhexyl)-phthalate (DEHP) could pose a risk towards the epigenetic mechanisms. Yet, the mechanisms underlying its possible epigenotoxicity are poorly understood. We aimed to assess the impact of DEHP exposure to the human breast cancer cells (MCF-7) and resultant changes in DNA methylation regulators ultimately altering the expression of the cell cycle regulator p21 as a model gene. The MCF-7 cells were exposed to environmentally relevant concentrations (50-500 nM) for 24 h. The results showed that DEHP was proliferative towards the MCF-7 cells while it induced global DNA hypermethylation with selective upregulation of DNMT1 and MECP2. In addition, DEHP significantly reduced p53 protein and its enrichment to the DNMT1 promoter binding site, while elevating SP1 and E2F1 transcription factor levels, stimulating their binding to the promoter DNA. Coincidently, increased DNMT1 level was highly associated with loss of p21 expression and increased cyclin D1 levels. Importantly, the p21, but not cyclin D1 promoter CpG-dinucleotides were hypermethylated after exposure to 500 nM DEHP for 24 h. Furthermore, it was observed that DEHP significantly enriched DNMT1 and MECP2 to the p21 promoter to induce DNA methylation-based epigenetic silencing of p21, resulting in increased cell proliferation. Our results suggest DEHP could potentially induce the epigenetic alterations that might increase the risk of breast cancer, given that the underlying mechanisms should be fully elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishna Ghosh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Biological Sciences, Central University of Kerala, Kasaragod, 671316, Kerala, India
| | - Biji Chatterjee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Biological Sciences, Central University of Kerala, Kasaragod, 671316, Kerala, India
| | - KiranKumar Nalla
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Central University P.O., Hyderabad, 500046, Telangana, India
| | - Bablu Behera
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Biological Sciences, Central University of Kerala, Kasaragod, 671316, Kerala, India
| | - Amit Mukherjee
- Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Diabetes and Endocrinology, JN Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Santosh R Kanade
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Central University P.O., Hyderabad, 500046, Telangana, India.
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Ozkemahli G, Ozyurt AB, Erkekoglu P, Zeybek ND, Yersal N, Kocer-Gumusel B. The Effects of Prenatal and Lactational Bisphenol A and/or Di(2-Ethylhexyl) Phthalate Exposure on Female Reproductive System. Toxicol Mech Methods 2022; 32:597-605. [PMID: 35321620 DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2022.2057265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) and di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) are endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) which are abundantly used in polyvinyl chloride plastics, polycarbonates and epoxy resins. Prenatal and early postnatal exposures to EDCs are suggested to be more critical. Such exposures can lead to reprotoxic effects, hormonal and metabolic consequences in adulthood. Moreover, combined exposure to different EDCs can lead to more serious adverse effects, some of which cannot be predicted by examining their individual toxicity profiles. This study aimed to evaluate effects of single and combined prenatal and lactational exposures to BPA and/or DEHP on female reproductive hormones and ovarian follicle development. Pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were divided randomly to four groups (n = 3/group): Control (received vehicle only); DEHP (30 mg/kg/day); BPA (50 mg/kg/day) and BPA + DEHP (30 mg/kg/day DEHP; 50 mg/kg/day BPA) through 6-21 gestational days and lactation by intra-gastric lavage. Female offspring (n = 6/group) were fed until the end of twelfth postnatal week and then euthanized. Reproductive hormones, ovarian follicle numbers and ovarian development were determined. Plasma testosterone and estradiol levels of BPA and BPA + DEHP groups were significantly lower than control. In BPA group, the number of tertiary ovarian follicles decreased significantly compared to control. In the combined exposure group, the number of corpus luteum (29%) as well as the number of primordial follicles (36%) showed marked decreases compared to control group.It can be suggested that early life exposure to BPA and DEHP may cause late life adverse effects in female reproductive system especially after combined exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gizem Ozkemahli
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Toxicology, Erzincan Binali Yildirim University, Erzincan, Turkey
| | - Aylin Balci Ozyurt
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Pinar Erkekoglu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Naciye Dilara Zeybek
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nilgun Yersal
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Gaziosmanpasa University, Tokat, Turkey
| | - Belma Kocer-Gumusel
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Lokman Hekim University, Ankara, Turkey
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Uyar R, Yurdakok-Dikmen B, Turgut Y, Filazi A. Diethylhexyl Phthalate and Bisphenol A Promote Vincristine and Tamoxifen Resistance in Vitro. Chem Res Toxicol 2022; 35:538-546. [PMID: 35263089 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.2c00002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Environmental estrogen active compounds are strong determinants of estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancers, and increased evidence indicates their contribution to chemotherapy resistance. In the current study, the efficacy of vincristine and tamoxifen, with the presence of diethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) and bisphenol A (BPA) and the possible involvement of estrogen and estrogen receptor-related mechanisms, was evaluated in an ER+ mammary tumor cancer cell line, MCF-7. Chemotherapeutics tamoxifen as an estrogen receptor modulator and vincristine as an antimitotic compound were selected for evaluation against the presence of common endocrine disrupters. BPA and DEHP preincubation at their proliferative concentrations for 4 h was found to decrease the cytotoxicity of vincristine. mRNA and protein expression of ESR1 and ESR 2 were decreased by vincristine, while this decrease was reversed by DEHP and BPA. Both BPA and DEHP were able to interfere with the cytotoxic activity of vincristine against MCF-7 cells through ESR1 and ESR2. This study provides in vitro toxicological evidence for vincristine resistance and its relation to estrogen active environmental pollutants in ER+ breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Recep Uyar
- Institute of Health Sciences, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ankara University, 06110 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Begum Yurdakok-Dikmen
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ankara University, 06110 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Yagmur Turgut
- Institute of Health Sciences, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ankara University, 06110 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ayhan Filazi
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ankara University, 06110 Ankara, Turkey
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Ahern TP, Spector LG, Damkier P, Öztürk Esen B, Ulrichsen SP, Eriksen K, Lash TL, Sørensen HT, Cronin-Fenton DP. Medication-Associated Phthalate Exposure and Childhood Cancer Incidence. J Natl Cancer Inst 2022; 114:885-894. [PMID: 35179607 PMCID: PMC9194627 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djac045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human phthalate exposure is widespread through contact with myriad consumer products. Exposure is particularly high through medications formulated with phthalates. Phthalates disrupt normal endocrine signaling and are associated with reproductive outcomes and incidence of some cancers. We measured associations between gestational and childhood medication-associated phthalate exposures and the incidence of childhood cancers. METHODS We identified all live births in Denmark between 1997 and 2017, including both children and birth mothers. Using drug ingredient data merged with the Danish National Prescription Registry, we measured phthalate exposure through filled prescriptions for mothers during pregnancy (gestational exposure) and for children from birth until age 19 years (childhood exposure). Incident childhood cancers were ascertained from the Danish Cancer Registry, and associations were estimated with Cox regression models. RESULTS Among 1 278 685 children, there were 2027 childhood cancer cases diagnosed over 13.1 million person-years of follow-up. Childhood phthalate exposure was strongly associated with incidence of osteosarcoma (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.78, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.63 to 4.75). We also observed a positive association with incidence of lymphoma (HR = 2.07, 95% CI = 1.36 to 3.14), driven by associations with Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphoma but not Burkitt lymphoma. Associations were apparent only for exposure to low-molecular phthalates, which have purportedly greater biological activity. CONCLUSIONS Childhood phthalate exposure was associated with incidence of osteosarcoma and lymphoma before age 19 years. Lingering questions include which specific phthalate(s) are responsible for these associations, by what mechanisms they occur, and to what extent childhood cancer cases could be avoided by reducing or eliminating the phthalate content of medications and other consumer products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas P Ahern
- *Correspondence to: Thomas P. Ahern, PhD, MPH, Department of Surgery, Larner College of Medicine at the University of Vermont, 89 Beaumont Avenue, Given Building D317A, Burlington, VT 05405, USA (e-mail: )
| | - Logan G Spector
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Per Damkier
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark,Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Buket Öztürk Esen
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University; and Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Sinna P Ulrichsen
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University; and Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Katrine Eriksen
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University; and Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Timothy L Lash
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology , Aarhus University; and Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark,Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Henrik Toft Sørensen
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University ; and Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Deirdre P Cronin-Fenton
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University; and Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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Romieu I, Khandpur N, Katsikari A, Biessy C, Torres-Mejía G, Ángeles-Llerenas A, Alvarado-Cabrero I, Sánchez GI, Maldonado ME, Porras C, Rodriguez AC, Garmendia ML, Chajés V, Aglago EK, Porter PL, Lin M, His M, Gunter MJ, Huybrechts I, Rinaldi S. Consumption of industrial processed foods and risk of premenopausal breast cancer among Latin American women: the PRECAMA study. BMJ Nutr Prev Health 2022; 5:1-9. [PMID: 35814719 PMCID: PMC9237890 DOI: 10.1136/bmjnph-2021-000335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Ultra-processed food intake has been linked to an increased risk of breast cancer in Western populations. No data are available in the Latin American population although the consumption of ultra-processed foods is increasing rapidly in this region. We evaluated the association of ultra-processed food intake to breast cancer risk in a case-control study including 525 cases (women aged 20-45 years) and 525 matched population-based controls from Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica and Mexico. The degree of processing of foods was classified according to the NOVA classification. Overall, the major contributors to ultra-processed food intake were ready-to-eat/heat foods (18.2%), cakes and desserts (16.7%), carbonated and industrial fruit juice beverages (16.7%), breakfast cereals (12.9%), sausages and reconstituted meat products (12.1%), industrial bread (6.1%), dairy products and derivatives (7.6%) and package savoury snacks (6.1%). Ultra-processed food intake was positively associated with the risk of breast cancer in adjusted models (OR T3-T1=1.93; 95% CI=1.11 to 3.35). Specifically, a higher risk was observed with oestrogen receptor positive breast cancer (ORT3-T1=2.44, (95% CI=1.01 to 5.90, P-trend=0.049), while no significant association was observed with oestrogen receptor negative breast cancer (ORT3-T1=1.87, 95% CI=0.43 to 8.13, P-trend=0.36). Our findings suggest that the consumption of ultra-processed foods might increase the risk of breast cancer in young women in Latin America. Further studies should confirm these findings and disentangle specific mechanisms relating ultra-processed food intake and carcinogenic processes in the breast.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Romieu
- Centre for Population Health Research, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
- Hubert Department of Global Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Neha Khandpur
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Public Health, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Harvard University T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Aikaterini Katsikari
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Carine Biessy
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Gabriela Torres-Mejía
- Centre for Population Health Research, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Angélica Ángeles-Llerenas
- Centre for Population Health Research, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Isabel Alvarado-Cabrero
- Servicio de Patología del Hospital de Oncología, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Gloria Inés Sánchez
- Group Infection and Cancer, School of Medicine, University of Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Maria Elena Maldonado
- Grupo Impacto de los Componentes Alimentarios en la Salud, School of Nutrition and Dietetics, University of Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Carolina Porras
- Agencia Costarricense de Investigaciones Biomédicas (ACIB) - Fundación INCIENSA, San Jose, Costa Rica
| | - Ana Cecilia Rodriguez
- Agencia Costarricense de Investigaciones Biomédicas (ACIB) - Fundación INCIENSA, San Jose, Costa Rica
| | - Maria Luisa Garmendia
- Instituto de Nutrición y de Tecnología de los Alimentos, Universidad de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - Vèronique Chajés
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Elom K Aglago
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Peggy L Porter
- Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - MingGang Lin
- Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Mathilde His
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Marc J Gunter
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Inge Huybrechts
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Sabina Rinaldi
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Lyon, France
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Trasande L, Liu B, Bao W. Phthalates and attributable mortality: A population-based longitudinal cohort study and cost analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 292:118021. [PMID: 34654571 PMCID: PMC8616787 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Accelerating evidence of endocrine-related morbidity has raised alarm about the ubiquitous use of phthalates in the human environment, but studies have not directly evaluated mortality in relation to these exposures. OBJECTIVES To evaluate associations of phthalate exposure with mortality, and quantify attributable mortality and lost economic productivity in 2013-4 among 55-64 year olds. DESIGN This nationally representative cohort study included 5303 adults aged 20 years or older who participated in the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2001-2010 and provided urine samples for phthalate metabolite measurements. Participants were linked to mortality data from survey date through December 31, 2015. Data analyses were conducted in July 2020. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Mortality from all causes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. RESULTS Multivariable models identified increased mortality in relation to high-molecular weight (HMW) phthalate metabolites, especially those of di-2-ethylhexylphthalate (DEHP). Hazard ratios (HR) for continuous HMW and DEHP metabolites were 1.14 (95% CI 1.06-1.23) and 1.10 (95% CI 1.03-1.19), respectively, with consistently higher mortality in the third tertile (1.48, 95% CI 1.19-1.86; and 1.42, 95% CI 1.13-1.78). Cardiovascular mortality was significantly increased in relation to a prominent DEHP metabolite, mono-(2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl)phthalate. Extrapolating to the population of 55-64 year old Americans, we identified 90,761-107,283 attributable deaths and $39.9-47.1 billion in lost economic productivity. CONCLUSIONS In a nationally representative sample, phthalate exposures were associated with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality, with societal costs approximating $39 billion/year or more. While further studies are needed to corroborate observations and identify mechanisms, regulatory action is urgently needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Trasande
- Department of Pediatrics, USA; Department of Environmental Medicine, USA; Department of Population Health, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; New York University School of Global Public Health, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Buyun Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Wei Bao
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
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Zhang X, Wolff MS, Shen J, Parada H, Santella RM, Neugut AI, Chen J, Teitelbaum SL. Phthalates and Phenols, Leukocyte Telomere Length, and Breast Cancer Risk and Mortality in the Long Island Breast Cancer Study Project. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2021; 31:117-123. [PMID: 34697054 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-21-0830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phthalates and phenols from the environment have been inconsistently associated with breast cancer risk or mortality. Studies on the potential modifying role of leukocyte telomere length (LTL), a biomarker of biological aging, on these associations are lacking. METHODS We included 1,268 women from the Long Island Breast Cancer Study Project with available data on phthalate and phenol analytes and LTL measurements. Twenty-two phthalate and phenol analytes were measured in spot urines and LTL was measured in blood. The modifying effect of LTL on the associations of individual analyte with breast cancer risk as well as mortalities was estimated using interaction terms between LTL and urinary concentrations of analyte in logistic regression and Cox regression models, respectively. ORs, HRs, and corresponding 95% confidence intervals for a one-unit (ln μg/g creatinine) increase of urinary phthalate/phenol level were estimated at 10th, 50th, and 90th percentiles of LTL. RESULTS LTL significantly (P < 0.05) modified associations between 11 of 22 of urinary phthalate/phenols analytes and breast cancer risk. An inverse association between phthalate/phenols analytes and breast cancer risk at shorter LTL and a positive association at longer LTL was generally suggested. No modifying effect was found for LTL on the association between these phthalate/phenols analytes and breast cancer mortalities. CONCLUSIONS LTL may modify the associations between phthalate and phenol exposures and breast cancer risk. IMPACT This study is the first study that determined the modifying effect of biological aging in the association between environmental chemical exposure and breast cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueying Zhang
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Mary S Wolff
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Jing Shen
- Center for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey
| | - Humberto Parada
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, San Diego State University, San Diego, California.,University of California at San Diego, Moores Cancer Center, La Jolla, California
| | - Regina M Santella
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Alfred I Neugut
- Departments of Medicine and Epidemiology and Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Jia Chen
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Susan L Teitelbaum
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York.
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47
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Chen CY, Sun CY, Hsu HJ, Wu IW, Chen YC, Lee CC. Xenoestrogen exposure and kidney function in the general population: Results of a community-based study by laboratory tests and questionnaire-based interviewing. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2021; 155:106585. [PMID: 33910077 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a growing concern worldwide. Exposure to xenoestrogens (XEs), such as phthalates, parabens, and phenols, lead to CKD. However, kidney function and its complex relationship with XEs, lifestyle, and dietary habits are not well understood. METHODS In the present cross-sectional community-based cohort study, we enrolled 887 subjects for a questionnaire-based interview and laboratory tests. XE exposure concerning lifestyle/dietary habits were evaluated using questionnaires. Urinary levels of 17XE metabolites were measured in 60 subjects with high exposure risk scores and 60 subjects with low exposure risk scores. RESULTS Univariate and multivariate linear regression showed that a high exposure score (β ± SE: 4.226 ± 1.830, P = 0.021) was independently negatively associated with eGFR in 887 subjects. Univariate and multivariate linear regression to urinary XEs and urine albumin creatinine excretion ratio (UACR) in 120 subjects indicated that ethylparaben (EP) (β: 1.934, 95% CI: 0.135-3.733, P = 0.035) was significantly associated with increased UACR. Multivariate regression analyses of the CKD subgroup (n = 38), after adjusting for age, showed that higher levels of mono-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (MEHP), EP, nonylphenol (NP), and benzophenone-3 (BP-3) were significantly associated with lower estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Higher urinary levels of MEHP (OR: 3.037, 95% CI: 1.274-7.241) were more likely associated with high exposure scores (>5 points), after adjusting for diabetes, gender, eGFR, age, Na, Ca, albumin, vitamin D, systolic blood pressure (SBP), white blood cell count, total bilirubin, aspartate transaminase, and heart rate. MEHP (β ± SE: 0.033 ± 0.009, P < 0.001) was also significantly positively associated with total exposure scores after applying multivariate linear regression analyses. CONCLUSION XE exposure scores obtained from the questionnaires were negatively associated with kidney function. Urinary metabolites of XEs, including EP, NP, BP-3, and MEHP, are potential risk factors for microalbuminuria and decline in kidney function. MEHP seemed to have the strongest correlation with high exposure scores and decline in kidney function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Yu Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung Branch, 222, Mai-Chin Road, Keelung 20401, Taiwan, ROC; College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taipei, Taiwan, No. 259, Wenhua 1st Rd., Guishan Dist., Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chiao-Yin Sun
- Department of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung Branch, 222, Mai-Chin Road, Keelung 20401, Taiwan, ROC; College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taipei, Taiwan, No. 259, Wenhua 1st Rd., Guishan Dist., Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Heng-Jung Hsu
- Department of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung Branch, 222, Mai-Chin Road, Keelung 20401, Taiwan, ROC; College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taipei, Taiwan, No. 259, Wenhua 1st Rd., Guishan Dist., Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan, ROC
| | - I-Wen Wu
- Department of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung Branch, 222, Mai-Chin Road, Keelung 20401, Taiwan, ROC; College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taipei, Taiwan, No. 259, Wenhua 1st Rd., Guishan Dist., Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yung-Chang Chen
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taipei, Taiwan, No. 259, Wenhua 1st Rd., Guishan Dist., Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Branch, No. 5, Fuxing St., Guishan Dist., Taoyuan City 333423, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chin-Chan Lee
- Department of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung Branch, 222, Mai-Chin Road, Keelung 20401, Taiwan, ROC; College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taipei, Taiwan, No. 259, Wenhua 1st Rd., Guishan Dist., Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan, ROC.
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Wang X, Lv Z, Han B, Li S, Yang Q, Wu P, Li J, Han B, Deng N, Zhang Z. The aggravation of allergic airway inflammation with dibutyl phthalate involved in Nrf2-mediated activation of the mast cells. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 789:148029. [PMID: 34082215 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Dibutyl phthalate (DBP)-an organic pollutant-is ubiquitous in the environment. DBP as an immune adjuvant is related to the development of multiple allergic diseases. However, the current research involving DBP-induced pulmonary toxicity remains poorly understood. Therefore, this research aimed to explore the adverse effect and potential mechanism of DBP exposure on the lungs in rats. In our study, ovalbumin was used to build a rat model of allergic airway inflammation to study any harmful effect of DBP exposure on lung tissues. Rats were treated by intragastric administration of DBP (500 mg kg-1 or 750 mg kg-1) and/or subcutaneous injection of SFN (4 mg kg-1). The results of histopathological analysis, cell count, and myeloperoxidase showed that DBP promoted the inflammatory damage of lungs. In the lung tissues, the detection of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUNT nick end labeling and oxidative stress indices showed that DBP significantly increased the level of apoptosis and oxidative stress. Western blot analysis indicated that DBP raised the expression level of thymic stromal lymphopoietin and reduced the nuclear expression level of nuclear factor-erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), which was further verified by quantitative real-time PCR. Meanwhile, DBP treatment markedly up-regulated the inflammatory cytokines such as IL-4 and IL-13, and rat mast cell protease-2, a marker secreted by mast cells (MCs). Conversely, sulforaphane, a Nrf2 inducer, ameliorated the pulmonary damage induced by DBP in the above. Altogether, our data provides a new insight into the impacts of the activation of MCs on the DBP-induced pulmonary toxicity as well as the safety evaluation of DBP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqiao Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Zhanjun Lv
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Bing Han
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Siyu Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Qingyue Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Pengfei Wu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Jiayi Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Biqi Han
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Ning Deng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Zhigang Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, Harbin 150030, China.
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Zhang X, Cheng C, Zhang G, Xiao M, Li L, Wu S, Lu X. Co-exposure to BPA and DEHP enhances susceptibility of mammary tumors via up-regulating Esr1/HDAC6 pathway in female rats. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 221:112453. [PMID: 34186418 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Revised: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BrCa) as one of the major malignancies threatening women's health worldwide occurs due to the genetic and environmental interactions. Epidemiological studies have suggested that exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) can elevate the risk of breast cancer. Di-(2-ethylhexyl)-phthalate (DEHP) and bisphenol A (BPA) are known as two typical EDCs. Although several studies have implied that there appear to have adverse effects of exposure to BPA or DEHP alone on breast development, no study to date has demonstrated the exact toxic effect of combined exposure to DEHP and BPA on breast tumorigenesis. In the present study, we performed an in vivo experiment including 160 female Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats, in which 80 rats were randomly allocated to 4 groups including control group given to normal diet, DEHP (150 mg/kg body weight/day), BPA (20 mg/kg body weight/day), and DEHP (150 mg/kg body weight/day) combined with BPA (20 mg/kg body weight/day) by gavage for 30 weeks. Additionally, a DEN/MNU/DHPN (DMD)-induced carcinogenesis animal model was also established to assess their effect on tumor promotion. Namely, the other 80 SD rats were separated into another 4 groups: in addition to DMD initiation each group treated with vehicle, DEHP, BPA and the combination of BPA and DEHP respectively. Our data demonstrated that BPA alone or in combination with DEHP may induce hyperplasia of mammary glands, including the proliferation of ductal epithelial cells and an increase in the number of lobules and acinus after a 30-week exposure. Notably, co-exposure to DEHP and BPA increased the incidence and reduced the latency of mammary tumor, which seemed to enhance the susceptibility of carcinogens-induced tumor. Mechanistically, our results supported the hypothesis that exposure to BPA and DEHP might promote breast cancer dependent on Esr1 and HDAC6 as pivotal factors, and further lead to the activation of oncogene c-Myc. Our study suggested that BPA combined with DEHP facilitate the occurrence of mammary tumors, which contributed to advance our understanding in the complex effects of compound exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New District, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning Province, PR China.
| | - Cheng Cheng
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New District, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning Province, PR China.
| | - Guopei Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New District, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning Province, PR China.
| | - Mingyang Xiao
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New District, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning Province, PR China.
| | - Liuli Li
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New District, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning Province, PR China.
| | - Shengwen Wu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New District, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning Province, PR China.
| | - Xiaobo Lu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New District, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning Province, PR China.
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50
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Wang X, Ha D, Yoshitake R, Chan YS, Sadava D, Chen S. Exploring the Biological Activity and Mechanism of Xenoestrogens and Phytoestrogens in Cancers: Emerging Methods and Concepts. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22168798. [PMID: 34445499 PMCID: PMC8395949 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Xenoestrogens and phytoestrogens are referred to as "foreign estrogens" that are produced outside of the human body and have been shown to exert estrogen-like activity. Xenoestrogens are synthetic industrial chemicals, whereas phytoestrogens are chemicals present in the plant. Considering that these environmental estrogen mimics potentially promote hormone-related cancers, an understanding of how they interact with estrogenic pathways in human cells is crucial to resolve their possible impacts in cancer. Here, we conducted an extensive literature evaluation on the origins of these chemicals, emerging research techniques, updated molecular mechanisms, and ongoing clinical studies of estrogen mimics in human cancers. In this review, we describe new applications of patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models and single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) techniques in shaping the current knowledge. At the molecular and cellular levels, we provide comprehensive and up-to-date insights into the mechanism of xenoestrogens and phytoestrogens in modulating the hallmarks of cancer. At the systemic level, we bring the emerging concept of window of susceptibility (WOS) into focus. WOS is the critical timing during the female lifespan that includes the prenatal, pubertal, pregnancy, and menopausal transition periods, during which the mammary glands are more sensitive to environmental exposures. Lastly, we reviewed 18 clinical trials on the application of phytoestrogens in the prevention or treatment of different cancers, conducted from 2002 to the present, and provide evidence-based perspectives on the clinical applications of phytoestrogens in cancers. Further research with carefully thought-through concepts and advanced methods on environmental estrogens will help to improve understanding for the identification of environmental influences, as well as provide novel mechanisms to guide the development of prevention and therapeutic approaches for human cancers.
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