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Tang YF, Wang YZ, Wen GB, Jiang JJ. Prognostic model of kidney renal clear cell carcinoma using aging-related long noncoding RNA signatures identifies THBS1-IT1 as a potential prognostic biomarker for multiple cancers. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:8630-8663. [PMID: 37708239 PMCID: PMC10522375 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Aging is responsible for the main intrinsic triggers of cancers; however, the studies of aging risk factors in cancer animal models and cancer patients are rare and insufficient to be represented in cancer clinical trials. For a better understanding of the complex regulatory networks of aging and cancers, 8 candidate aging related long noncoding RNAs (CarLncs) identified from the healthy aging models, centenarians and their offsprings, were selected and their association with kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC) was explored by series of cutting edge analyses such as support vector machine (SVM) and random forest (RF) algorithms. Using data downloaded from TCGA and GTEx databases, a regulatory network of CarLncs-miRNA-mRNA was constructed and five genes within the network were screened out as aging related feature genes for developing KIRC prognostic models. After a strict filtering pipeline for modeling, a formula using the transcript per million (TPM) values of feature genes "LncAging_score = 0.008* MMP11 + 0.066* THBS1-IT1 + (-0.014)* DYNLL2 + (-0.030)* RMND5A+ 0.008* PEG10" was developed. ROC analysis and nomogram suggest our model achieves a great performance in KIRC prognosis. Among the 8 CarLncs, we found that THBS1-IT1 was significantly dysregulated in 12 cancer types. A comprehensive pan-cancer analysis demonstrated that THBS1-IT1 is a potential prognostic biomarker in not only KIRC but also multiple cancers, such as LUSC, BLCA, GBM, LGG, MESO, PAAD, STAD and THCA, it was correlated with tumor microenvironment (TME) and tumor immune cell infiltration (TICI) and its high expression was related with poor survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Fan Tang
- Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yu-Zhi Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Gui-Biao Wen
- Department of Urology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jian-Jun Jiang
- Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
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Xiao S, Qin D, Hou X, Tian L, Yu Y, Zhang R, Lyu H, Guo D, Chen XZ, Zhou C, Tang J. Cellular senescence: a double-edged sword in cancer therapy. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1189015. [PMID: 37771436 PMCID: PMC10522834 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1189015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past few decades, cellular senescence has been identified in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Senescent cells are generally characterized by permanent cell cycle arrest as a response to endogenous and exogenous stresses. In addition to exiting the cell cycle process, cellular senescence also triggers profound phenotypic changes such as senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), autophagy modulation, or metabolic reprograming. Consequently, cellular senescence is often considered as a tumor-suppressive mechanism that permanently arrests cells at risk of malignant transformation. However, accumulating evidence shows that therapy-induced senescence can promote epithelial-mesenchymal transition and tumorigenesis in neighboring cells, as well as re-entry into the cell cycle and activation of cancer stem cells, thereby promoting cancer cell survival. Therefore, it is particularly important to rapidly eliminate therapy-induced senescent cells in patients with cancer. Here we review the hallmarks of cellular senescence and the relationship between cellular senescence and cancer. We also discuss several pathways to induce senescence in tumor therapy, as well as strategies to eliminate senescent cells after cancer treatment. We believe that exploiting the intersection between cellular senescence and tumor cells is an important means to defeat tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Xiao
- National “111” Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Dongmin Qin
- National “111” Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xueyang Hou
- National “111” Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lingli Tian
- National “111” Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yeping Yu
- National “111” Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- National “111” Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China
- Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education & Hubei Province), Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hao Lyu
- National “111” Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Dong Guo
- National “111” Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xing-Zhen Chen
- Membrane Protein Disease Research Group, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Cefan Zhou
- National “111” Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jingfeng Tang
- National “111” Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China
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Abdul-Aziz A, Devine RD, Lyberger JM, Chang H, Kovacs A, Lerma JR, Rogers AM, Byrd JC, Hertlein E, Behbehani GK. Mass Cytometry as a Tool for Investigating Senescence in Multiple Model Systems. Cells 2023; 12:2045. [PMID: 37626855 PMCID: PMC10453346 DOI: 10.3390/cells12162045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence is a durable cell cycle arrest as a result of the finite proliferative capacity of cells. Senescence responds to both intrinsic and extrinsic cellular stresses, such as aging, mitochondrial dysfunction, irradiation, and chemotherapy. Here, we report on the use of mass cytometry (MC) to analyze multiple model systems and demonstrate MC as a platform for senescence analysis at the single-cell level. We demonstrate changes to p16 expression, cell cycling fraction, and histone tail modifications in several established senescent model systems and using isolated human T cells. In bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (BMSCs), we show increased p16 expression with subsequent passage as well as a reduction in cycling cells and open chromatin marks. In WI-38 cells, we demonstrate increased p16 expression with both culture-induced senescence and oxidative stress-induced senescence (OSIS). We also use Wanderlust, a trajectory analysis tool, to demonstrate how p16 expression changes with histone tail modifications and cell cycle proteins. Finally, we demonstrate that repetitive stimulation of human T cells with CD3/CD28 beads induces an exhausted phenotype with increased p16 expression. This p16-expressing population exhibited higher expression of exhaustion markers such as EOMES and TOX. This work demonstrates that MC is a useful platform for studying senescence at a single-cell protein level, and is capable of measuring multiple markers of senescence at once with high confidence, thereby improving our understanding of senescent pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amina Abdul-Aziz
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA; (A.A.-A.)
| | - Raymond D. Devine
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Justin M. Lyberger
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Hsiaochi Chang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Amy Kovacs
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - James R. Lerma
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA; (A.A.-A.)
| | - Andrew M. Rogers
- Maine Medical Center, Portland, ME 04102, USA
- Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - John C. Byrd
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA; (A.A.-A.)
| | - Erin Hertlein
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA; (A.A.-A.)
| | - Gregory K. Behbehani
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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Okuyama A, Kosaka H, Kaibori M, Higashi T, Ogawa A. Activities of daily living after surgery among older patients with gastrointestinal and hepatobiliary-pancreatic cancers: a retrospective observational study using nationwide health services utilisation data from Japan. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e070415. [PMID: 37230526 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-070415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The effectiveness and impact of any treatment on patients' physical functions, especially in older patients, should be closely considered. This study aimed to evaluate activities of daily living (ADLs) after oncological surgery in patients with gastrointestinal and hepatobiliary-pancreatic cancers by age groups in Japan. DESIGN Retrospective observational study using health services utilisation data from 1 January 2015 to 31 December 2016. SETTING Data for patients with gastrointestinal and hepatobiliary-pancreatic cancers diagnosed in 2015 from 431 hospitals nationwide in Japan. PARTICIPANTS Patients who underwent endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD), endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) and laparoscopic or open surgery were included. OUTCOME MEASURES The proportion of ADL decline at discharge, death and unexpected readmission within 6 weeks postsurgery was calculated by age groups (40-74, 75-79 and ≥80 years). RESULTS Data for 68 032 patients were analysed. The difference in the proportion of ADL decline after ESD/EMR between patients aged ≥80 years and <75 years was marginal (0.8%-2.5%), whereas that after laparoscopic (4.8%-5.9%) or open surgery (4.6%-9.4%) was large, except for pancreatic cancer (3.0%). Among patients with gastric cancer who underwent laparoscopic or open surgery, the proportion of unexpected readmission tended to be higher in patients aged ≥80 years than in the remaining younger patients (laparoscopic surgery 4.8% vs 2.3% (p=0.001); open surgery 7.3% vs 4.4% (p<0.001)). The postoperative mortality rate was <3% (<10 cases) across all ages and cancer types. CONCLUSIONS In ESD/EMR, postoperative ADL decline was almost the same between older and younger patients. Laparoscopic or open surgery is associated with increased rates of ADL decline in older patients, especially in those aged ≥80 years. The potential decline in ADLs should be carefully considered preoperatively to best maintain the patient's quality of life postsurgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayako Okuyama
- Graduate School of Nursing, St Luke's International University, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Institute for Cancer Control, National Cancer Center, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hisashi Kosaka
- Department of Surgery, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masaki Kaibori
- Department of Surgery, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takahiro Higashi
- Institute for Cancer Control, National Cancer Center, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Asao Ogawa
- Psycho-Oncology Division, Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center Japan, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
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Aging-Accelerated Mouse Prone 8 (SAMP8) Mice Experiment and Network Pharmacological Analysis of Aged Liupao Tea Aqueous Extract in Delaying the Decline Changes of the Body. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12030685. [PMID: 36978933 PMCID: PMC10045736 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12030685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging and metabolic disorders feedback and promote each other and are closely related to the occurrence and development of cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, neurodegeneration and other degenerative diseases. Liupao tea is a geographical indication product of Chinese dark tea, with a “red, concentrated, aged and mellow” flavor quality. In this study, the aqueous extract of aged Liupao tea (ALPT) administered by continuous gavage significantly inhibited the increase of visceral fat and damage to the intestinal–liver–microbial axis in high-fat modeling of SAMP8 (P8+HFD) mice. Its potential mechanism is that ALPT significantly inhibited the inflammation and aggregation formation pathway caused by P8+HFD, increased the abundance of short-chain fatty acid producing bacteria Alistipes, Alloprevotella and Bacteroides, and had a calorie restriction effect. The results of the whole target metabolome network pharmacological analysis showed that there were 139 potential active components in the ALPT aqueous extract, and the core targets of their actions were SRC, TP53, AKT1, MAPK3, VEGFA, EP300, EGFR, HSP90AA1, CASP3, etc. These target genes were mainly enriched in cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, glucose and lipid metabolism and other pathways of degenerative changes. Molecular docking further verified the reliability of network pharmacology. The above results indicate that Liupao tea can effectively delay the body’s degenerative changes through various mechanisms and multi-target effects. This study revealed that dark tea such as Liupao tea has significant drinking value in a modern and aging society.
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Sun Z, Li Y, Tan X, Liu W, He X, Pan D, Li E, Xu L, Long L. Friend or Foe: Regulation, Downstream Effectors of RRAD in Cancer. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13030477. [PMID: 36979412 PMCID: PMC10046484 DOI: 10.3390/biom13030477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Ras-related associated with diabetes (RRAD), a member of the Ras-related GTPase superfamily, is primarily a cytosolic protein that actives in the plasma membrane. RRAD is highly expressed in type 2 diabetes patients and as a biomarker of congestive heart failure. Mounting evidence showed that RRAD is important for the progression and metastasis of tumor cells, which play opposite roles as an oncogene or tumor suppressor gene depending on cancer and cell type. These findings are of great significance, especially given that relevant molecular mechanisms are being discovered. Being regulated in various pathways, RRAD plays wide spectrum cellular activity including tumor cell division, motility, apoptosis, and energy metabolism by modulating tumor-related gene expression and interacting with multiple downstream effectors. Additionally, RRAD in senescence may contribute to its role in cancer. Despite the twofold characters of RRAD, targeted therapies are becoming a potential therapeutic strategy to combat cancers. This review will discuss the dual identity of RRAD in specific cancer type, provides an overview of the regulation and downstream effectors of RRAD to offer valuable insights for readers, explore the intracellular role of RRAD in cancer, and give a reference for future mechanistic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhangyue Sun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
- Cancer Research Center, Institute of Basic Medical Science, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Yongkang Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
- Cancer Research Center, Institute of Basic Medical Science, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Xiaolu Tan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
- Cancer Research Center, Institute of Basic Medical Science, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Wanyi Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
- Cancer Research Center, Institute of Basic Medical Science, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Xinglin He
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
- Cancer Research Center, Institute of Basic Medical Science, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Deyuan Pan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
- Cancer Research Center, Institute of Basic Medical Science, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
- Institute of Oncologic Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Enmin Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
- Cancer Research Center, Institute of Basic Medical Science, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
- Institute of Oncologic Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Liyan Xu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
- Cancer Research Center, Institute of Basic Medical Science, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
- Institute of Oncologic Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Lin Long
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
- Cancer Research Center, Institute of Basic Medical Science, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
- Institute of Oncologic Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-754-88900460; Fax: +86-754-88900847
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Pan-cancer transcriptomic analysis identified six classes of immunosenescence genes revealed molecular links between aging, immune system and cancer. Genes Immun 2023; 24:81-91. [PMID: 36807625 DOI: 10.1038/s41435-023-00197-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
Aging is a complex process that significantly impacts the immune system. The aging-related decline of the immune system, termed immunosenescence, can lead to disease development, including cancer. The perturbation of immunosenescence genes may characterize the associations between cancer and aging. However, the systematical characterization of immunosenescence genes in pan-cancer remains largely unexplored. In this study, we comprehensively investigated the expression of immunosenescence genes and their roles in 26 types of cancer. We developed an integrated computational pipeline to identify and characterize immunosenescence genes in cancer based on the expression profiles of immune genes and clinical information of patients. We identified 2218 immunosenescence genes that were significantly dysregulated in a wide variety of cancers. These immunosenescence genes were divided into six categories based on their relationships with aging. Besides, we assessed the importance of immunosenescence genes in clinical prognosis and identified 1327 genes serving as prognostic markers in cancers. BTN3A1, BTN3A2, CTSD, CYTIP, HIF1AN, and RASGRP1 were associated with ICB immunotherapy response and served as prognostic factors after ICB immunotherapy in melanoma. Collectively, our results furthered the understanding of the relationship between immunosenescence and cancer and provided insights into immunotherapy for patients.
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The Therapeutic Potential of the Endocannabinoid System in Age-Related Diseases. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10102492. [PMID: 36289755 PMCID: PMC9599275 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10102492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The endocannabinoid system (ECS) dynamically regulates many aspects of mammalian physiology. ECS has gained substantial interest since growing evidence suggests that it also plays a major role in several pathophysiological conditions due to its ability to modulate various underlying mechanisms. Furthermore, cannabinoids, as components of the cannabinoid system (CS), have proven beneficial effects such as anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, neuromodulatory, antioxidative, and cardioprotective effects. In this comprehensive review, we aimed to describe the complex interaction between CS and most common age-related diseases such as neuro-degenerative, oncological, skeletal, and cardiovascular disorders, together with the potential of various cannabinoids to ameliorate the progression of these disorders. Since chronic inflammation is postulated as the pillar of all the above-mentioned medical conditions, we also discuss in this paper the potential of CS to ameliorate aging-associated immune system dysregulation.
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Elias R, Cockrum P, Surinach A, Wang S, Chul Chu B, Shahrokni A. Real-world Impact of Age at Diagnosis on Treatment Patterns and Survival Outcomes of Patients with Metastatic Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. Oncologist 2022; 27:469-475. [PMID: 35278079 PMCID: PMC9177118 DOI: 10.1093/oncolo/oyac028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sixty-eight percent of patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) are 65 years and older. Older adults are under-represented in clinical trials and their care is complicated with multiple age-related conditions. Research suggests that older patients can experience meaningful responses to treatment for PDAC. The objective of this study was to evaluate the characteristics, rate of treatment, and survival outcomes of patients with metastatic PDAC (mPDAC) based on age at diagnosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Data were extracted for patients diagnosed with mPDAC between January 1, 2015, and March 31, 2020, from the Flatiron Health database. Patients were stratified into 3 age groups: <70 years old, 70-79 years, and ≥80 years. The proportion of patients who received first-line therapy, the types of regimens received in the metastatic setting, overall survival (OS) from the start of treatment were evaluated. RESULTS Of the 8382 patients included, 71.3% (n = 5973) received treatment. Among patients who received treatment 55.5% (n = 3313) were aged <70 years at diagnosis, 33.0% (n = 1972) were 70-79 years, and 11.5% (n = 688) were ≥80 years. Patients ≥80 years of age were more likely to receive gemcitabine monotherapy and less likely to receive FOLFIRINOX. Among first-line treated patients, median OS significantly decreased with age. However, when comparing patients treated with the same first-line regimen, no significant differences in median OS were observed by age. CONCLUSIONS This study highlights that older adults with mPDAC can benefit substantially by receiving appropriate levels of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rawad Elias
- Hartford HealthCare Cancer Institute, Hartford, CT, USA
| | | | | | - Shu Wang
- Genesis Research, Hoboken, NJ, USA
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10
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Bioinformatic investigation and functional analysis of 214 hereditary genes identified non-coding RNAs as therapeautic tool for breast cancer management. GENE REPORTS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2022.101565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Zavacka K, Plevova K. Chromothripsis in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia: A Driving Force of Genome Instability. Front Oncol 2021; 11:771664. [PMID: 34900721 PMCID: PMC8661134 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.771664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Chromothripsis represents a mechanism of massive chromosome shattering and reassembly leading to the formation of derivative chromosomes with abnormal functions and expression. It has been observed in many cancer types, importantly, including chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Due to the associated chromosomal rearrangements, it has a significant impact on the pathophysiology of the disease. Recent studies have suggested that chromothripsis may be more common than initially inferred, especially in CLL cases with adverse clinical outcome. Here, we review the main features of chromothripsis, the challenges of its assessment, and the potential benefit of its detection. We summarize recent findings of chromothripsis occurrence across hematological malignancies and address its causes and consequences in the context of CLL clinical features, as well as chromothripsis-related molecular abnormalities described in published CLL studies. Furthermore, we discuss the use of the current knowledge about genome functions associated with chromothripsis in the optimization of treatment strategies in CLL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristyna Zavacka
- Department of Internal Medicine - Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Brno & Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia.,Center of Molecular Medicine, Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Karla Plevova
- Department of Internal Medicine - Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Brno & Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia.,Center of Molecular Medicine, Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia.,Institute of Medical Genetics and Genomics, University Hospital Brno & Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
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12
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Di Capua B, Bellieni A, Fusco D, Gambacorta MA, Tagliaferri L, Villani ER, Bernabei R, Valentini V, Colloca GF. Perspectives and limits of cancer treatment in an oldest old population. Aging Clin Exp Res 2021; 33:2831-2837. [PMID: 33704699 PMCID: PMC8531055 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-021-01821-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Population of oldest old will grow dramatically in the next future and cancer, physiologically related to aging, will be very prevalent among them. Lack of evidence is a huge problem to manage cancer in oldest old and will be more and more in the next years. AIMS Our purpose was to investigate the characteristics of a population of oldest old patients with cancer treated in the Radiation Oncology Unit of Fondazione Policlinico A. Gemelli IRCCS. METHODS We conducted a retrospective study. The primary outcome was to evaluate which characteristics of the population could influence the choice of oncological treatment (with radical or non-radical intent). RESULTS We identified a total of 348 patients: 140 were on follow-up; 177 were under treatment; 31 were considered not eligible for treatments. Patients under treatment had a high comorbidity index (mean Charlson Comorbidity Index 5.4), and a high prevalence of polypharmacy (mean number of drugs 5.6). More than half (53.1%) was treated with radical intent. Patients treated with radical intent were 1 year younger (87.1 years old vs 88.1 years old), more performant (ECOG 0.7 vs 1.3), and had less prevalence of metastatic neoplasia (6.4% vs 34.9%); comorbidities and drugs did not show differences in the two groups. CONCLUSION Oldest old, usually not considered in international guidelines, are treated for oncological disease, often with radical intent. The treatment seems not to be tailored considering comorbidities but on performance status.
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Dikhanbayeva F, Zhaxybayeva E, Smailova Z, Issimov A, Dimitrov Z, Kapysheva U, Bansal N. The effect of camel milk curd masses on rats blood serum biochemical parameters: Preliminary study. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0256661. [PMID: 34587186 PMCID: PMC8510453 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0256661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to assess potential feeding effect of camel milk curd mass and its mixes to experimental rat's blood serum biochemical parameters, enzymatic activity and the peptide toxicity. Fifty healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into five groups (n = 10 each). Each group was fed with camel milk pure curd mass and its mixes for 16 days. At the end of the experiment, rats were sacrificed to collect the samples from the blood serum. Blood serum biochemical parameters total protein, cholesterol, glucose, albumin, triglycerides; the enzymatic activities of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase were determined on the A25 automatic analyser, and peptide toxicity analysed by the reference method. The statistical data have shown no significant differences in body weight gain in all groups. Total protein decreased in group II, IV, and V; however, it increased in group III compared to the control group. Cholesterol grew up in group II and it slightly increased in group V, dropped in groups III and IV compared to group I result. Glucose increased in groups II, III, IV compared to group I; still, group V results show a slight decrease. Albumin decreased in group IV, yet in group V it increased than the group I result. Simultaneously, groups II and III results were changed with less percentage. Triglyceride grew up in groups II, V, and it dropped significantly in groups III, IV compared to the control group. De Ritis ratio of enzymes in groups II, III, and IV fluctuated between 1.31 and 0.98 IU/L; however, group V demonstrated significant data versus group I. Diets peptide toxicity in all groups was lower than control group data. The experimental results indicated that curd mass from camel milk could be used as a pure or with additives and it did not discover the observed side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Dikhanbayeva
- Faculty of Food Production, Almaty Technological University, Almaty, the
Republic of Kazakhstan
| | - Elmira Zhaxybayeva
- Faculty of Food Production, Almaty Technological University, Almaty, the
Republic of Kazakhstan
- Research and Development Centre LB-Bulgaricum PLC, Sofia, the Republic of
Bulgaria
- School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, the University of Queensland,
Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- * E-mail:
| | - Zhuldyz Smailova
- Institute of Engineering and Technology, Kyzylorda State University named
after Korkyt ata, Kyzylorda, the Republic of Kazakhstan
| | - Arman Issimov
- Sydney School of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Science, the University
of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Zhechko Dimitrov
- Research and Development Centre LB-Bulgaricum PLC, Sofia, the Republic of
Bulgaria
| | - Unzira Kapysheva
- Laboratory of Ecological Physiology, Institute of humans and Animal
Physiology, Almaty, the Republic of Kazakhstan
| | - Nidhi Bansal
- School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, the University of Queensland,
Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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14
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Eight-year longitudinal study of whole blood gene expression profiles in individuals undergoing long-term medical follow-up. Sci Rep 2021; 11:16564. [PMID: 34400700 PMCID: PMC8368195 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-96078-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Blood circulates throughout the body via the peripheral tissues, contributes to host homeostasis and maintains normal physiological functions, in addition to responding to lesions. Previously, we revealed that gene expression analysis of peripheral blood cells is a useful approach for assessing diseases such as diabetes mellitus and cancer because the altered gene expression profiles of peripheral blood cells can reflect the presence and state of diseases. However, no chronological assessment of whole gene expression profiles has been conducted. In the present study, we collected whole blood RNA from 61 individuals (average age at registration, 50 years) every 4 years for 8 years and analyzed gene expression profiles using a complementary DNA microarray to examine whether these profiles were stable or changed over time. We found that the genes with very stable expression were related mostly to immune system pathways, including antigen cell presentation and interferon-related signaling. Genes whose expression was altered over the 8-year study period were principally involved in cellular machinery pathways, including development, signal transduction, cell cycle, apoptosis, and survival. Thus, this chronological examination study showed that the gene expression profiles of whole blood can reveal unmanifested physiological changes.
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15
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Yang J, Liu M, Hong D, Zeng M, Zhang X. The Paradoxical Role of Cellular Senescence in Cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:722205. [PMID: 34458273 PMCID: PMC8388842 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.722205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence occurs in proliferating cells as a consequence of various triggers including telomere shortening, DNA damage, and inappropriate expression of oncogenes. The senescent state is accompanied by failure to reenter the cell cycle under mitotic stimulation, resistance to cell death and enhanced secretory phenotype. A growing number of studies have convincingly demonstrated a paradoxical role for spontaneous senescence and therapy-induced senescence (TIS), that senescence may involve both cancer prevention and cancer aggressiveness. Cellular senescence was initially described as a physiological suppressor mechanism of tumor cells, because cancer development requires cell proliferation. However, there is growing evidence that senescent cells may contribute to oncogenesis, partly in a senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP)-dependent manner. On the one hand, SASP prevents cell division and promotes immune clearance of damaged cells, thereby avoiding tumor development. On the other hand, SASP contributes to tumor progression and relapse through creating an immunosuppressive environment. In this review, we performed a review to summarize both bright and dark sides of senescence in cancer, and the strategies to handle senescence in cancer therapy were also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yang
- Melanoma and Sarcoma Medical Oncology Unit, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mengmeng Liu
- Melanoma and Sarcoma Medical Oncology Unit, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dongchun Hong
- Melanoma and Sarcoma Medical Oncology Unit, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Musheng Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xing Zhang
- Melanoma and Sarcoma Medical Oncology Unit, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
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16
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Miyano M, Sayaman RW, Shalabi SF, Senapati P, Lopez JC, Angarola BL, Hinz S, Zirbes A, Anczukow O, Yee LD, Sedrak MS, Stampfer MR, Seewaldt VL, LaBarge MA. Breast-Specific Molecular Clocks Comprised of ELF5 Expression and Promoter Methylation Identify Individuals Susceptible to Cancer Initiation. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2021; 14:779-794. [PMID: 34140348 PMCID: PMC8338914 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-20-0635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
A robust breast cancer prevention strategy requires risk assessment biomarkers for early detection. We show that expression of ELF5, a transcription factor critical for normal mammary development, is downregulated in mammary luminal epithelia with age. DNA methylation of the ELF5 promoter is negatively correlated with expression in an age-dependent manner. Both ELF5 methylation and gene expression were used to build biological clocks to estimate chronological ages of mammary epithelia. ELF5 clock-based estimates of biological age in luminal epithelia from average-risk women were within three years of chronological age. Biological ages of breast epithelia from BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation carriers, who were high risk for developing breast cancer, suggested they were accelerated by two decades relative to chronological age. The ELF5 DNA methylation clock had better performance at predicting biological age in luminal epithelial cells as compared with two other epigenetic clocks based on whole tissues. We propose that the changes in ELF5 expression or ELF5-proximal DNA methylation in luminal epithelia are emergent properties of at-risk breast tissue and constitute breast-specific biological clocks. PREVENTION RELEVANCE: ELF5 expression or DNA methylation level at the ELF5 promoter region can be used as breast-specific biological clocks to identify women at higher than average risk of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaru Miyano
- Department of Population Sciences, Beckman Research Institute at City of Hope, Duarte, California
| | - Rosalyn W Sayaman
- Department of Population Sciences, Beckman Research Institute at City of Hope, Duarte, California
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Sundus F Shalabi
- Department of Population Sciences, Beckman Research Institute at City of Hope, Duarte, California
- Irell and Manella Graduate School of Biological Sciences, City of Hope, Duarte, California
| | - Parijat Senapati
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Beckman Research Institute at City of Hope, Duarte, California
| | - Jennifer C Lopez
- Department of Population Sciences, Beckman Research Institute at City of Hope, Duarte, California
| | | | - Stefan Hinz
- Department of Population Sciences, Beckman Research Institute at City of Hope, Duarte, California
| | - Arrianna Zirbes
- Department of Population Sciences, Beckman Research Institute at City of Hope, Duarte, California
- Irell and Manella Graduate School of Biological Sciences, City of Hope, Duarte, California
| | - Olga Anczukow
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut
| | - Lisa D Yee
- Department of Surgery, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California
| | - Mina S Sedrak
- Center for Cancer and Aging, City of Hope, Duarte, California
- Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California
| | - Martha R Stampfer
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California
| | - Victoria L Seewaldt
- Department of Population Sciences, Beckman Research Institute at City of Hope, Duarte, California
| | - Mark A LaBarge
- Department of Population Sciences, Beckman Research Institute at City of Hope, Duarte, California.
- Center for Cancer and Aging, City of Hope, Duarte, California
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California
- Center for Cancer Biomarkers, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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17
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Tyciakova S, Valova V, Svitkova B, Matuskova M. Overexpression of TNFα induces senescence, autophagy and mitochondrial dysfunctions in melanoma cells. BMC Cancer 2021; 21:507. [PMID: 33957885 PMCID: PMC8101174 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-021-08237-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) is a pleiotropic cytokine with both anti-tumorigenic and pro-tumorigenic activity, affecting tumor cell biology, the balance between cell survival and death. The final effect of TNFα is dependent on the type of malignant cells, with the potential to arrest cancer progression. Methods In order to explain the diverse cellular response to TNFα, we engineered melanoma and colorectal carcinoma cell lines stably overexpressing this cytokine. Results Under the TNFα overexpression, significant upregulation of two genes was observed: proinflammatory cytokine IL6 gene in melanoma cells A375 and gene for pro-apoptotic ligand TRAIL in colorectal carcinoma cells HT29, both mediated by TNFα/TNFR1 signaling. Malignant melanoma line A375 displayed also increased autophagy on day 3, followed by premature senescence on day 6. Both processes seem to be interconnected, following earlier apoptosis induction and deregulation of mitochondrial functions. We documented altered mitochondrial status, lowered ATP production, lowered mitochondrial mass, and changes in mitochondrial morphology (shortened and condensed mitochondria) both in melanoma and colorectal carcinoma cells. Overexpression of TNFα was not linked with significant affection of the subpopulation of cancer stem-like cells in vitro. However, we could demonstrate a decrease in aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) activity up to 50%, which is associated with to the stemness phenotype. Conclusions Our in vitro study of direct TNFα influence demonstrates two distinct outcomes in tumor cells of different origin, in non-epithelial malignant melanoma cells of neural crest origin, and in colorectal carcinoma cells derived from the epithelium. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12885-021-08237-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Tyciakova
- Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center of Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 845 05, Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - Valeria Valova
- Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center of Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 845 05, Bratislava, Slovakia.,Department of Genetics, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Mlynská dolina, Ilkovicova 6, 842 15, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Barbora Svitkova
- Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center of Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 845 05, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Miroslava Matuskova
- Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center of Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 845 05, Bratislava, Slovakia
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18
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Tanskanen T, Seppä KJM, Virtanen A, Malila NK, Pitkäniemi JM. Cancer Incidence and Mortality in the Oldest Old: A Nationwide Study in Finland. Am J Epidemiol 2021; 190:836-842. [PMID: 33089310 PMCID: PMC8096474 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwaa236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The world’s population is aging rapidly. This study reports the burden of cancer in the “oldest old” (aged ≥85 years) in Finland, 1953–2017, and estimates age-specific cancer rates in the older population (65–99 years) for 1988–2017. The Finnish Cancer Registry provided data on all cancer diagnoses, cancer deaths, and other deaths in cancer patients in Finland for 1953–2017. Between 1953–1957 and 2013–2017, the proportion of incident cancers in those aged ≥85 years increased from 1.5% to 9.6% (597 to 15,360 new cases), and in 2013–2017, more new cancers were diagnosed at ages ≥85 years than ages <50 years. Cancer incidence and excess mortality attributable to cancer peaked at ages 85–94 years and declined subsequently, whereas cancer-specific mortality continued to increase or plateaued. Due to demographic changes, the number of new cancers in the oldest old has increased substantially in Finland, and currently nearly 1 in 10 cancers are diagnosed in this age group. The increasing cancer burden in the oldest old poses a major challenge for health care and needs to be addressed in designing clinical research and reporting of cancer registries. In older populations with competing risks of death, we propose excess cancer mortality as a measure of cancer-related mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomas Tanskanen
- Correspondence to Dr. Tomas Tanskanen, Finnish Cancer Registry, Institute for Statistical and Epidemiological Cancer Research, Unioninkatu 22, 00130, Helsinki, Finland (e-mail: )
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19
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Wang G, Cheng X, Zhang J, Liao Y, Jia Y, Qing C. Possibility of inducing tumor cell senescence during therapy. Oncol Lett 2021; 22:496. [PMID: 33981358 PMCID: PMC8108274 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.12757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The treatment options for cancer include surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. However, the traditional approach of high-dose chemotherapy brings tremendous toxic side effects to patients, as well as potentially causing drug resistance. Drug resistance affects cell proliferation, cell senescence and apoptosis. Cellular senescence refers to the process in which cells change from an active proliferative status to a growth-arrested status. There are multiple factors that regulate this process and cellular senescence is activated by various pathways. Senescent cells present specific characteristics, such as an increased cell volume, flattened cell body morphology, ceased cell division and the expression of β-galactosidase. Tumor senescence can be categorized into replicative senescence and premature senescence. Cellular senescence may inhibit the occurrence and development of tumors, serving as an innovative strategy for the treatment of cancer. The present review mainly focuses on senescent biomarkers, methods for the induction of cellular senescence and its possible application in the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guohui Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, P.R. China
| | - Xianliang Cheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, P.R. China
| | - Jingyi Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Liao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, P.R. China
| | - Yinnong Jia
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, P.R. China
| | - Chen Qing
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, P.R. China
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20
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Anti-Cancer Treatment Strategies in the Older Population: Time to Test More? Geriatrics (Basel) 2021; 6:geriatrics6020042. [PMID: 33921136 PMCID: PMC8167638 DOI: 10.3390/geriatrics6020042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is a well-recognized risk factor for the development of cancer. The incidence of new cancer diagnoses has increased globally given the rising senior population. Many hypotheses for this increased risk have been postulated over decades, including increased genetic and epigenetic mutations and the concept of immunosenescence. The optimal treatment strategies for this population with cancer are unclear. Older cancer patients are traditionally under-represented in clinical trials developed to set the standard of care, leading to undertreatment or increased toxicity. With this background, it is crucial to investigate new opportunities that belong to the most recent findings of an anti-cancer agent, such as immune-checkpoint inhibitors, to manage these daily clinical issues and eventually combine them with alternative administration strategies of antiblastic drugs such as metronomic chemotherapy.
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21
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Sir4 Deficiency Reverses Cell Senescence by Sub-Telomere Recombination. Cells 2021; 10:cells10040778. [PMID: 33915984 PMCID: PMC8066019 DOI: 10.3390/cells10040778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 03/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Telomere shortening results in cellular senescence and the regulatory mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we report that the sub-telomere regions facilitate telomere lengthening by homologous recombination, thereby attenuating senescence in yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The telomere protein complex Sir3/4 represses, whereas Rif1 promotes, the sub-telomere Y' element recombination. Genetic disruption of SIR4 increases Y' element abundance and rescues telomere-shortening-induced senescence in a Rad51-dependent manner, indicating a sub-telomere regulatory switch in regulating organismal senescence by DNA recombination. Inhibition of the sub-telomere recombination requires Sir4 binding to perinuclear protein Mps3 for telomere perinuclear localization and transcriptional repression of the telomeric repeat-containing RNA TERRA. Furthermore, Sir4 repression of Y' element recombination is negatively regulated by Rif1 that mediates senescence-evasion induced by Sir4 deficiency. Thus, our results demonstrate a dual opposing control mechanism of sub-telomeric Y' element recombination by Sir3/4 and Rif1 in the regulation of telomere shortening and cell senescence.
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22
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Papatheodoridi A, Chatzigeorgiou A, Chrysavgis L, Lembessis P, Loglio A, Facchetti F, Cholongitas E, Koutsilieris M, Lampertico P, Papatheodoridis G. Circulating cell-free DNA species affect the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in treated chronic hepatitis B patients. J Viral Hepat 2021; 28:464-474. [PMID: 33260272 DOI: 10.1111/jvh.13446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) may still develop in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients even under effective long-term oral antiviral therapy, but its pathogenesis in the setting of long-standing inhibition of viral replication has not been completely elucidated. We investigated whether species of circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA) may be involved in the process of hepatocarcinogenesis in treated CHB patients. Serum samples were obtained from HBeAg-negative CHB patients with (HCC cases, n = 37) or without HCC development during the first 5 years of oral antiviral therapy (controls, n = 74). HCC cases and controls were matched 1:2 for age, sex and platelets. Determination of different circulating cfDNA species (before HCC diagnosis in HCC cases) including total cfDNA quantity, levels of Alu repeat DNA and RNase P coding DNA, copies of mitochondrial DNA and levels of 5-methyl-2'-deoxycytidine as an indicator of DNA methylation was performed. HCC cases compared with controls had higher median levels of Alu247 (123 vs 69 genomic equivalent, p = .042) and RNase P coding DNA (68 vs 15 genomic equivalent, p < .001). In contrast, median cfDNA concentration, Alu115 levels, Alu247/Alu115 ratio as an index of DNA integrity and mitochondrial DNA copies did not differ significantly between HCC cases and controls. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that levels RNase P coding DNA offered good prediction of subsequent HCC development (c-statistic: 0.80, p < .001). In conclusion, serum levels of RNase P coding DNA are increased years before HCC diagnosis and could be potentially helpful in the prediction of the HCC risk in treated HBeAg-negative CHB patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alkistis Papatheodoridi
- Department of Physiology, Medical School of National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.,Department of Clinical Therapeutics, 'Alexandra' General Hospital of Athens, Medical School of National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Antonios Chatzigeorgiou
- Department of Physiology, Medical School of National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Lampros Chrysavgis
- Department of Physiology, Medical School of National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Panagiotis Lembessis
- Department of Physiology, Medical School of National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Alessandro Loglio
- Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, CRC 'A. M. and A. Migliavacca' Center for Liver Disease, Milan, Italy
| | - Floriana Facchetti
- Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, CRC 'A. M. and A. Migliavacca' Center for Liver Disease, Milan, Italy
| | - Evangelos Cholongitas
- 1st Department of Internal Medicine, General Hospital of Athens 'Laiko', Medical School of National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Michael Koutsilieris
- Department of Physiology, Medical School of National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Pietro Lampertico
- Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, CRC 'A. M. and A. Migliavacca' Center for Liver Disease, Milan, Italy
| | - George Papatheodoridis
- Department of Gastroenterology, General Hospital of Athens 'Laiko', Medical School of National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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23
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Kittimongkolsuk P, Roxo M, Li H, Chuchawankul S, Wink M, Tencomnao T. Extracts of the Tiger Milk Mushroom ( Lignosus rhinocerus) Enhance Stress Resistance and Extend Lifespan in Caenorhabditis elegans via the DAF-16/FoxO Signaling Pathway. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:93. [PMID: 33513674 PMCID: PMC7911722 DOI: 10.3390/ph14020093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The tiger milk mushroom, Lignosus rhinocerus (LR), exhibits antioxidant properties, as shown in a few in vitro experiments. The aim of this research was to study whether three LR extracts exhibit antioxidant activities in Caenorhabditis elegans. In wild-type N2 nematodes, we determined the survival rate under oxidative stress caused by increased intracellular ROS concentrations. Transgenic strains, including TJ356, TJ375, CF1553, CL2166, and LD1, were used to detect the expression of DAF-16, HSP-16.2, SOD-3, GST-4, and SKN-1, respectively. Lifespan, lipofuscin, and pharyngeal pumping rates were assessed. Three LR extracts (ethanol, and cold and hot water) protected the worms from oxidative stress and decreased intracellular ROS. The extracts exhibited antioxidant properties through the DAF-16/FOXO pathway, leading to SOD-3 and HSP-16.2 modification. However, the expression of SKN-1 and GST-4 was not changed. All the extracts extended the lifespan. They also reduced lipofuscin (a marker for aging) and influenced the pharyngeal pumping rate (another marker for aging). The extracts did not cause dietary restriction. This novel study provides evidence of the functional antioxidant and anti-aging properties of LR. Further studies must confirm that they are suitable for use as antioxidant supplements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parinee Kittimongkolsuk
- Graduate Program in Clinical Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand;
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Im Neuenheimer Feld 364, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (M.R.); (H.L.)
| | - Mariana Roxo
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Im Neuenheimer Feld 364, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (M.R.); (H.L.)
| | - Hanmei Li
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Im Neuenheimer Feld 364, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (M.R.); (H.L.)
| | - Siriporn Chuchawankul
- Immunomodulation of Natural Products Research Group, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand;
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Michael Wink
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Im Neuenheimer Feld 364, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (M.R.); (H.L.)
| | - Tewin Tencomnao
- Immunomodulation of Natural Products Research Group, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand;
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
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Kittimongkolsuk P, Pattarachotanant N, Chuchawankul S, Wink M, Tencomnao T. Neuroprotective Effects of Extracts from Tiger Milk Mushroom Lignosus rhinocerus Against Glutamate-Induced Toxicity in HT22 Hippocampal Neuronal Cells and Neurodegenerative Diseases in Caenorhabditis elegans. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10010030. [PMID: 33466350 PMCID: PMC7824744 DOI: 10.3390/biology10010030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 12/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Despite the Tiger Milk Mushroom Lignosus rhinocerus (LR) having been used as a traditional medicine, little is known about the neuroprotective effects of LR extracts. This study aims to investigate the neuroprotective effect of three extracts of LR against glutamate-induced oxidative stress in mouse hippocampal (HT22) cells as well as to determine their effect in Caenorhabditis elegans. In vitro, we assessed the toxicity of three LR extracts (ethanol extract (LRE), cold-water extract (LRC) and hot-water extract (LRH)) and their protective activity by MTT assay, Annexin V-FITC/propidium iodide staining, Mitochondrial Membrane Potential (MMP) and intracellular ROS accumulation. Furthermore, we determined the expression of antioxidant genes (catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD1 and SOD2) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx)) by qRT-PCR. In vivo, we investigated the neuroprotective effect of LRE, not only against an Aβ-induced deficit in chemotaxis behavior (Alzheimer model) but also against PolyQ40 formation (model for Morbus Huntington) in transgenic C. elegans. Only LRE significantly reduced both apoptosis and intracellular ROS levels and significantly increased the expression of antioxidant genes after glutamate-induced oxidative stress in HT22 cells. In addition, LRE significantly improved the Chemotaxis Index (CI) in C. elegans and significantly decreased PolyQ40 aggregation. Altogether, the LRE exhibited neuroprotective properties both in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parinee Kittimongkolsuk
- Graduate Program in Clinical Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand;
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Im Neuenheimer Feld 364, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nattaporn Pattarachotanant
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand;
| | - Siriporn Chuchawankul
- Immunomodulation of Natural Products Research Group, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand;
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Michael Wink
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Im Neuenheimer Feld 364, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Correspondence: (M.W.); or (T.T.); Tel.: +66-2-218-1533 (T.T.)
| | - Tewin Tencomnao
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand;
- Immunomodulation of Natural Products Research Group, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand;
- Correspondence: (M.W.); or (T.T.); Tel.: +66-2-218-1533 (T.T.)
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Ximenes CRC, Bergmann A, Lima JTDO, Cavalcanti AS, Britto MCAD, Mello MJG, Thuler LCS. Impact of age in health-related quality of life in older adults with cancer. GERIATRICS, GERONTOLOGY AND AGING 2021. [DOI: 10.5327/z2447-212320212000106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the impact of age in health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in older adults with cancer. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study of 608 older adults diagnosed with cancer. Age groups were considered an independent variable. For the analysis of HRQoL, the mean scores of age groups were compared by analysis of variance and the Scheffé comparison test. For measuring the association between age and HRQoL, we used simple and multiple linear regression analyses. RESULTS: Cognitive function showed the highest scores (average 87.94 ± 26.87), while physical function showed the lowest ones (68.04 ± 28.63). The highest symptom score was observed for financial difficulties (34.21 ± 39.06), followed by pain (29.47 ± 33.92) and insomnia (28.51 ± 37.03). After adjustment, we observed a decrease in physical function (p = 0.028) and an improvement in emotional function (p = 0.003) with increasing age. Conclusions: In older patients with cancer, age negatively impacted physical function and positively impacted emotional function.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anke Bergmann
- Instituto Nacional de Câncer José Alencar Gomes da Silva, Brazil
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Mongiat-Artus P, Paillaud E, Albrand G, Neuzillet Y. [Onco-urology of the aging patient: Epidemiological and biological aspects]. Prog Urol 2020; 29:797-806. [PMID: 31771765 DOI: 10.1016/j.purol.2019.08.276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE First, to present the epidemiological data of aging and of cancers and to describe the respectives expected evolutions. Second, to present biological and genetic data on aging and on the relationships between aging and oncogenesis. METHOD Bibliographic search from the Medline bibliographic database (NLM Pubmed tool) and Embase, as well as from the web sites of geriatric scientific societies, the United Nations, the World Bank, the World Health Organization, the Institut National du Cancer and the Ligue Contre le Cancer from the following keywords: aging, elderly, cancer, epidemiology, biology, genetics. RESULTS The entire world population is aging very significantly and very rapidly. In France, new cases of cancer are diagnosed in 62.4% of cases in patients over 65 and in 11.5% of cases in patients over 80 years. Cancer mortality occurs in 75.3% of cases in patients over 65 years of age and in 24.8% of cases in patients over 80 years of age. Cancer-specific mortality is consistently higher in patients older than 75 years compared to younger patients; this reflects, among other things, an age discrimination which is called agism. It has been established that cellular aging is marked by 9 major families of biological and genomic abnormalities. Biological aging and oncogenesis are intertwined with increasingly well established relationships. They are both the product of natural selection and they are found in all species with both renewal tissues and a distinction between germinal tissue and somatic tissue. CONCLUSION Epidemiological data predict that oncology, including urological oncology, is becoming very predominantly geriatric oncology; it is critical and urgent that society be prepared for it and that every care-giver be prepared, that is, be specifically trained. Biological and genetic data argue for a great entanglement between aging and oncogenesis; research in each of these areas should be reconciled for mutual benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Mongiat-Artus
- Inserm UMR_S1165, service d'urologie et unité de chirurgie et d'anesthésie ambulatoires, hôpital Saint-Louis, université Paris Diderot, université de Paris, Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 75015 Paris, France.
| | - E Paillaud
- EA 7376 épidémiologie cinique et vieillissement, service de gériatrie - unité d'Onco-Gériatrie et UCOG - Paris-Ouest, hôpital européen Georges-Pompidou, universite René descartes, université de Paris, Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 69310 Paris, France
| | - G Albrand
- Service de Gériatrie et UCOG - IR, AuRA Ouest-Guyane, centre hospitalier Lyon-Sud, hospices civils de Lyon, 92150 Pierre-Bénite, France
| | - Y Neuzillet
- Service d'urologie, hôpital Foch, université de Versailles, Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, Suresnes, France
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27
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The impact of comprehensive geriatric assessment for optimal treatment of older patients with cancer: A randomized parallel-group clinical trial. J Geriatr Oncol 2020; 11:488-495. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jgo.2019.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Revised: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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28
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Sharifi-Rad M, Pezzani R, Redaelli M, Zorzan M, Imran M, Ahmed Khalil A, Salehi B, Sharopov F, Cho WC, Sharifi-Rad J. Preclinical Pharmacological Activities of Epigallocatechin-3-gallate in Signaling Pathways: An Update on Cancer. Molecules 2020; 25:E467. [PMID: 31979082 PMCID: PMC7037968 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25030467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) is the main bioactive component of catechins predominantly present in svarious types of teas. EGCG is well known for a wide spectrum of biological activity as an anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-tumor agent. The effect of EGCG on cell death mechanisms via the induction of apoptosis, necrosis, and autophagy has been documented. Moreover, its anti-proliferative and chemopreventive action has been demonstrated in many cancer cell lines. It was also involved in the modulation of cyclooxygenase-2, in oxidative stress and inflammation of different cell processes. EGCG has been reported as a promising target for plasma membrane proteins, such as epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). In addition, it has been demonstrated a mechanism of action relying on the inhibition of ERK1/2, p38 MAPK, NF-κB, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). EGCG and its derivatives were used in proteasome inhibition and they were involved in epigenetic mechanisms. In summary, EGCG is the most predominant and bioactive constituent of teas and it has a pivotal role in cancer prevention. Its preclinical pharmacological activities are associated with complex molecular mechanisms that involve numerous signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Sharifi-Rad
- Department of Medical Parasitology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman 7616913555, Iran;
| | - Raffaele Pezzani
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medicine (DIMED), University of Padova, via Ospedale 105, 35128 Padova, Italy;
- AIROB, Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca Oncologica di Base, 35046 Padova, Italy;
| | - Marco Redaelli
- AIROB, Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca Oncologica di Base, 35046 Padova, Italy;
- Venetian Institute for Molecular Science and Experimental Technologies, VIMSET, Pz. Milani 4, Liettoli di Campolongo Maggiore (VE), 30010 Venice, Italy
| | - Maira Zorzan
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medicine (DIMED), University of Padova, via Ospedale 105, 35128 Padova, Italy;
- Venetian Institute for Molecular Science and Experimental Technologies, VIMSET, Pz. Milani 4, Liettoli di Campolongo Maggiore (VE), 30010 Venice, Italy
| | - Muhammad Imran
- University Institute of Diet and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, The University of Lahore, Lahore 54590, Pakistan; (M.I.); (A.A.K.)
| | - Anees Ahmed Khalil
- University Institute of Diet and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, The University of Lahore, Lahore 54590, Pakistan; (M.I.); (A.A.K.)
| | - Bahare Salehi
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Bam University of Medical Sciences, Bam 44340847, Iran
| | - Farukh Sharopov
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Rudaki 139, Dushanbe 734003, Tajikistan
| | - William C. Cho
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Javad Sharifi-Rad
- Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1991953381, Iran
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29
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Abdallah RA, Shaban MI, Taie DM, Asaad NY, Badr AHAEB. Relation Between Immunohistochemical Expression of Hippo Pathway Effectors and Chronic Hepatitis Induced Fibrosis in Egyptian Patients. Turk Patoloji Derg 2020; 36:48-63. [PMID: 31282549 PMCID: PMC10512671 DOI: 10.5146/tjpath.2019.01463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Chronic hepatitis is a global health problem especially in Egypt. Hepatic fibrosis is a common end clinical manifestation of many chronic liver diseases. Although it is a wound-healing process, excessive accumulation of fibrillary collagen leads to architectural damage, cirrhosis and liver failure. Recently, a few studies have linked Hippo pathway effectors of yes-associated protein (YAP) and its paralog transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ) to extracellular matrix deposition and ongoing fibrosis. MATERIAL AND METHOD Immunohistochemical expression of YAP and TAZ were analyzed in 121 liver needle core biopsies (91 core biopsies of chronic viral hepatitis, 20 biopsies of autoimmune hepatitis and 10 normal liver cores). RESULTS YAP and TAZ nuclear localization was absent in all normal liver cores. Autoimmune hepatitis cases showed higher nuclear expression of both YAP and TAZ in comparison to chronic viral cases. YAP and TAZ expression were correlated with severity of hepatocyte injury together with fibrosis in chronic viral cases but these correlations were absent in AIH cases despite the pronounced increase of YAP and TAZ nuclear localization. CONCLUSION The correlation between Hippo effectors activation and fibrosis in chronic viral hepatitis patients emphasize their role in the development and advancement of hepatic scarring and highlight the use of both YAP and TAZ as novel targets to ameliorate liver fibrosis.
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MESH Headings
- Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/analysis
- Adolescent
- Adult
- Biopsy, Large-Core Needle
- Child
- Child, Preschool
- Egypt
- Female
- Hepatitis B, Chronic/metabolism
- Hepatitis B, Chronic/pathology
- Hepatitis B, Chronic/virology
- Hepatitis C, Chronic/metabolism
- Hepatitis C, Chronic/pathology
- Hepatitis C, Chronic/virology
- Hepatitis, Autoimmune/metabolism
- Hepatitis, Autoimmune/pathology
- Humans
- Immunohistochemistry
- Infant
- Liver/chemistry
- Liver/pathology
- Liver/virology
- Liver Cirrhosis/metabolism
- Liver Cirrhosis/pathology
- Liver Cirrhosis/virology
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Retrospective Studies
- Signal Transduction
- Trans-Activators/analysis
- Transcription Factors/analysis
- Transcriptional Coactivator with PDZ-Binding Motif Proteins
- YAP-Signaling Proteins
- Young Adult
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Doha Maher Taie
- Department of Pathology, Menoufia University, Liver Institute, Menoufia, Egypt
| | - Nancy Youssef Asaad
- Department of Pathology, Menoufia University Faculty of Medicine, Shebein Elkom, Egypt
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30
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Correlation between mouse age and human age in anti-tumor research: Significance and method establishment. Life Sci 2019; 242:117242. [PMID: 31891723 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.117242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2019] [Revised: 12/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Age is closely related with the occurrence and development of tumors, and with treatment outcomes. To improve the accuracy and rigor of preclinical studies, and to enhance consistency between the preclinical research and the clinical reality, the age of experimental animals used in preclinical studies is important. The mouse genome is 99% identical to the human genome, and mice have similar patterns with respect to organs and systemic physiology. Thus, mice have been the most widely used animals in anti-tumor research. However, most mice used in such studies are 6 to 8 weeks old, ignoring the fact that different tumors may often occur in various periods, with a particular tendency to occur in later stages of life. The great difference in age limits the success rate of clinical transformation. Therefore, it is very important to choose mice of suitable age for preclinical studies and to correlate ages of human and mice. Only a few related studies have been reported and there is a lack of consistency in the findings. This review points out that age is one of the important factors in anti-tumor research, and establishes a new method for calculating the age correlation between humans and mice. The equations obtained from the method can help researchers conveniently determine suitable aged mouse for their research, which will improve the rigor of their experimental results. Furthermore, this method can be used beyond anti-tumor research, in studies on other diseases that use mouse as an animal model.
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Zhou C, Wang S, Zhou Q, Zhao J, Xia X, Chen W, Zheng Y, Xue M, Yang F, Fu D, Yin Y, Atyah M, Qin L, Zhao Y, Bruns C, Jia H, Ren N, Dong Q. A Long Non-coding RNA Signature to Improve Prognostic Prediction of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. Front Oncol 2019; 9:1160. [PMID: 31781487 PMCID: PMC6857660 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.01160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains one of the most aggressive solid malignant tumors worldwide. Increasing investigations demonstrate that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) expression is abnormally dysregulated in cancers. It is crucial to identify and predict the prognosis of patients for the selection of further therapeutic treatment. Methods: PDAC lncRNAs abundance profiles were used to establish a signature that could better predict the prognosis of PDAC patients. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox regression model was applied to establish a multi-lncRNA signature in the TCGA training cohort (N = 107). The signature was then validated in a TCGA validation cohort (N = 70) and another independent Fudan cohort (N = 46). Results: A five-lncRNA signature was constructed and it was significantly related to the overall survival (OS), either in the training or validation cohorts. Through the subgroup and Cox regression analyses, the signature was proven to be independent of other clinic-pathologic parameters. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis also indicated that our signature had a better predictive capacity of PDAC prognosis. Furthermore, ClueGO and CluePedia analyses showed that a number of cancer-related and drug response pathways were enriched in high risk groups. Conclusions: Identifying the five-lncRNA signature (RP11-159F24.5, RP11-744N12.2, RP11-388M20.1, RP11-356C4.5, CTC-459F4.9) may provide insight into personalized prognosis prediction and new therapies for PDAC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenhao Zhou
- Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shun Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital & Cancer Metastasis Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiang Zhou
- Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital & Cancer Metastasis Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xianghou Xia
- Department of Breast Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wanyong Chen
- Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Zheng
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital & Cancer Metastasis Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Xue
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng Yang
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Institute, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Deliang Fu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Institute, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yirui Yin
- Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Manar Atyah
- Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lunxiu Qin
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital & Cancer Metastasis Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Zhao
- Department of General, Visceral and Cancer Surgery, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Christiane Bruns
- Department of General, Visceral and Cancer Surgery, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Huliang Jia
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital & Cancer Metastasis Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ning Ren
- Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Fudan Minhang Academic Health System, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiongzhu Dong
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital & Cancer Metastasis Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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DeSantis CE, Miller KD, Dale W, Mohile SG, Cohen HJ, Leach CR, Goding Sauer A, Jemal A, Siegel RL. Cancer statistics for adults aged 85 years and older, 2019. CA Cancer J Clin 2019; 69:452-467. [PMID: 31390062 DOI: 10.3322/caac.21577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 199] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Adults aged 85 years and older, the "oldest old," are the fastest-growing age group in the United States, yet relatively little is known about their cancer burden. Combining data from the National Cancer Institute, the North American Association of Central Cancer Registries, and the National Center for Health Statistics, the authors provide comprehensive information on cancer occurrence in adults aged 85 years and older. In 2019, there will be approximately 140,690 cancer cases diagnosed and 103,250 cancer deaths among the oldest old in the United States. The most common cancers in these individuals (lung, breast, prostate, and colorectum) are the same as those in the general population. Overall cancer incidence rates peaked in the oldest men and women around 1990 and have subsequently declined, with the pace accelerating during the past decade. These trends largely reflect declines in cancers of the prostate and colorectum and, more recently, cancers of the lung among men and the breast among women. We note differences in trends for some cancers in the oldest age group (eg, lung cancer and melanoma) compared with adults aged 65 to 84 years, which reflect elevated risks in the oldest generations. In addition, cancers in the oldest old are often more advanced at diagnosis. For example, breast and colorectal cancers diagnosed in patients aged 85 years and older are about 10% less likely to be diagnosed at a local stage compared with those diagnosed in patients aged 65 to 84 years. Patients with cancer who are aged 85 years and older have the lowest relative survival of any age group, with the largest disparities noted when cancer is diagnosed at advanced stages. They are also less likely to receive surgical treatment for their cancers; only 65% of breast cancer patients aged 85 years and older received surgery compared with 89% of those aged 65 to 84 years. This difference may reflect the complexities of treating older patients, including the presence of multiple comorbidities, functional declines, and cognitive impairment, as well as competing mortality risks and undertreatment. More research on cancer in the oldest Americans is needed to improve outcomes and anticipate the complex health care needs of this rapidly growing population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carol E DeSantis
- Surveillance and Health Services Research, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Kimberly D Miller
- Surveillance and Health Services Research, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - William Dale
- Department of Supportive Care Medicine, Center for Cancer and Aging, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California
| | - Supriya G Mohile
- Wilmot Cancer Center, Geriatric Oncology Research Program, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York
| | - Harvey J Cohen
- Center for the Study of Aging and Human Development, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Corinne R Leach
- Behavioral and Epidemiology Research, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Ann Goding Sauer
- Surveillance and Health Services Research, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Ahmedin Jemal
- Surveillance and Health Services Research, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Rebecca L Siegel
- Surveillance and Health Services Research, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia
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Sena GR, Lima TPF, Mello MJG, Thuler LCS, Lima JTO. Developing Machine Learning Algorithms for the Prediction of Early Death in Elderly Cancer Patients: Usability Study. JMIR Cancer 2019; 5:e12163. [PMID: 31573896 PMCID: PMC6787529 DOI: 10.2196/12163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Revised: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The importance of classifying cancer patients into high- or low-risk groups has led many research teams, from the biomedical and bioinformatics fields, to study the application of machine learning (ML) algorithms. The International Society of Geriatric Oncology recommends the use of the comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA), a multidisciplinary tool to evaluate health domains, for the follow-up of elderly cancer patients. However, no applications of ML have been proposed using CGA to classify elderly cancer patients. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to propose and develop predictive models, using ML and CGA, to estimate the risk of early death in elderly cancer patients. METHODS The ability of ML algorithms to predict early mortality in a cohort involving 608 elderly cancer patients was evaluated. The CGA was conducted during admission by a multidisciplinary team and included the following questionnaires: mini-mental state examination (MMSE), geriatric depression scale-short form, international physical activity questionnaire-short form, timed up and go, Katz index of independence in activities of daily living, Charlson comorbidity index, Karnofsky performance scale (KPS), polypharmacy, and mini nutritional assessment-short form (MNA-SF). The 10-fold cross-validation algorithm was used to evaluate all possible combinations of these questionnaires to estimate the risk of early death, considered when occurring within 6 months of diagnosis, in a variety of ML classifiers, including Naive Bayes (NB), decision tree algorithm J48 (J48), and multilayer perceptron (MLP). On each fold of evaluation, tiebreaking is handled by choosing the smallest set of questionnaires. RESULTS It was possible to select CGA questionnaire subsets with high predictive capacity for early death, which were either statistically similar (NB) or higher (J48 and MLP) when compared with the use of all questionnaires investigated. These results show that CGA questionnaire selection can improve accuracy rates and decrease the time spent to evaluate elderly cancer patients. CONCLUSIONS A simplified predictive model aiming to estimate the risk of early death in elderly cancer patients is proposed herein, minimally composed by the MNA-SF and KPS. We strongly recommend that these questionnaires be incorporated into regular geriatric assessment of older patients with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabrielle Ribeiro Sena
- Department of Geriatric Oncology, Instituto de Medicina Integral Prof Fernando Figueira, Recife, Brazil
| | - Tiago Pessoa Ferreira Lima
- Department of Geriatric Oncology, Instituto de Medicina Integral Prof Fernando Figueira, Recife, Brazil.,Instituto Federal de Pernambuco - IFPE, Department os Computational Science, Recife, Brazil
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34
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Neuzillet Y, Geiss R, Caillet P, Paillaud E, Mongiat-Artus P. [Epidemiological, pathological and prognostic characteristics of bladder cancer in elderly patients]. Prog Urol 2019; 29:840-848. [PMID: 31471266 DOI: 10.1016/j.purol.2019.08.268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
AIM To define and present explanations for the epidemiological, pathological and prognostic differences in bladder cancer in elderly patients. METHOD Bibliographical search was performed from the Medline bibliographic database (NLM Pubmed tool) and Embase focused on: bladder cancer, carcinogenesis, elderly, epidemiology, prognosis. RESULTS Bladder cancer is a growing concern for the elderly first and foremost and with an impact, mainly those who are consumers or former users of tobacco, whose therefore frequently have comorbidities associated with this consumption. The initiated carcinogenesis extends with the life length of patients, increasing the prevalence of bladder cancer. Aging promotes carcinogenesis by both potentiating its genetic abnormalities and reducing the immune system performance of the aged host to destroy cancer cells. The delay in the diagnosis of bladder cancer in elderly patients is explained and make up for the time could improve the prognosis. CONCLUSION Regardless of variations in therapeutic effect and morbidity and mortality of treatments, aging promotes the occurrence and aggressiveness of bladder cancer. The incentive to stop exposure to carcinogens and the search for bladder cancer in patients with hematuria should not reduce with advanced age but instead be promoted in order to improve the prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Neuzillet
- Service d'urologie et de transplantation rénale, hôpital Foch, université de Versailles - Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, 40, rue Worth, 92150 Suresnes, France.
| | - R Geiss
- Unité d'oncogériatrie, service de gériatrie, hôpital européen Georges-Pompidou, université de Paris Descartes, 20, rue Leblanc, 75908 Paris cedex 15, France
| | - P Caillet
- Unité d'oncogériatrie, service de gériatrie, hôpital européen Georges-Pompidou, université de Paris Descartes, 20, rue Leblanc, 75908 Paris cedex 15, France
| | - E Paillaud
- Unité d'oncogériatrie, service de gériatrie, hôpital européen Georges-Pompidou, université de Paris Descartes, 20, rue Leblanc, 75908 Paris cedex 15, France
| | - P Mongiat-Artus
- Unité de chirurgie et d'anesthésie ambulatoires, service d'urologie, Inserm UMR, S1165, hôpital Saint-Louis, université de Paris-7-Denis-Diderot, 1, avenue Claude-Vellefaux, 75010 Paris, France
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35
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Zhou C, Zhao Y, Yin Y, Hu Z, Atyah M, Chen W, Meng Z, Mao H, Zhou Q, Tang W, Wang P, Li Z, Weng J, Bruns C, Popp M, Popp F, Dong Q, Ren N. A robust 6-mRNA signature for prognosis prediction of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Int J Biol Sci 2019; 15:2282-2295. [PMID: 31595147 PMCID: PMC6775308 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.32899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most fatal malignancies worldwide. PDAC prognostic and diagnostic biomarkers are still being explored. The aim of this study is to establish a robust molecular signature that can improve the ability to predict PDAC prognosis. 155 overlapping differentially expressed genes between tumor and non-tumor tissues from three Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets were explored. A least absolute shrinkage and selection operator method (LASSO) Cox regression model was employed for selecting prognostic genes. We developed a 6-mRNA signature that can distinguish high PDAC risk patients from low risk patients with significant differences in overall survival (OS). We further validated this signature prognostic value in three independent cohorts (GEO batch, P < 0.0001; ICGC, P = 0.0036; Fudan, P = 0.029). Furthermore, we found that our signature remained significant in patients with different histologic grade, TNM stage, locations of tumor entity, age and gender. Multivariate cox regression analysis showed that 6-mRNA signature can be an independent prognostic marker in each of the cohorts. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis also showed that our signature possessed a better predictive role of PDAC prognosis. Moreover, the gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) analysis showed that several tumorigenesis and metastasis related pathways were indeed associated with higher scores of risk. In conclusion, identifying the 6-mRNA signature could provide a valuable classification method to evaluate clinical prognosis and facilitate personalized treatment for PDAC patients. New therapeutic targets may be developed upon the functional analysis of the classifier genes and their related pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenhao Zhou
- Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Zhao
- Department of General, Visceral and Cancer Surgery, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Department of Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Yirui Yin
- Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiqiu Hu
- Institute of Fudan Minhang Academic Health System, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Manar Atyah
- Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Wanyong Chen
- Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Fudan Minhang Academic Health System, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhefeng Meng
- Institute of Fudan Minhang Academic Health System, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huarong Mao
- Institute of Fudan Minhang Academic Health System, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiang Zhou
- Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiguo Tang
- Institute of Fudan Minhang Academic Health System, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Pengcheng Wang
- Institute of Fudan Minhang Academic Health System, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhanming Li
- Institute of Fudan Minhang Academic Health System, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jialei Weng
- Institute of Fudan Minhang Academic Health System, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Christiane Bruns
- Department of General, Visceral and Cancer Surgery, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Marie Popp
- Department of General, Visceral and Cancer Surgery, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Felix Popp
- Department of General, Visceral and Cancer Surgery, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Qiongzhu Dong
- Institute of Fudan Minhang Academic Health System, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ning Ren
- Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Fudan Minhang Academic Health System, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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36
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Wang J, Wang Z, Wang H, Wanyan Z, Pan Y, Zhu F, Tao Q, Zhai Z. Stress-Induced Premature Senescence Promotes Proliferation by Activating the SENEX and p16 INK4a/Retinoblastoma (Rb) Pathway in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma. Turk J Haematol 2019; 36:247-254. [PMID: 31327185 PMCID: PMC6863019 DOI: 10.4274/tjh.galenos.2019.2019.0117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Cellular senescence has been thought to be an important barrier to tumor formation. Recent studies have shown that stress-induced premature senescence (SIPS) can promote partial tumor invasion, but how SIPS affects diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) remains inconclusive. This study aimed to address that issue. Materials and Methods The immunophenotype of the LY8 cell line was measured with flow cytometry. SIPS induced by tert-butyl hydroperoxide (tBHP) was detected by senescence β-galactosidase staining. Cell proliferation was analyzed with CCK8 and expression levels of ARHGAP18 (SENEX gene-encoding protein), p16/p21, and
Rb/pRb were measured with western blot. LY8 cells were transfected with SENEX-SiRNA/NC and verified by western blot. Results Our results suggested that the immunophenotype of the LY8 cell line is CD19-, CD20-, and CD10-positive and the immunoglobulin light chain is the kappa type. The cellular senescence model of DLBCL could be successfully induced by 30 μM tBHP. ARHGAP18, p21, p16, and Rb protein levels were significantly increased but the level of pRb expression was decreased in the SIPS group compared with other groups. Meanwhile, the proliferation rate was increased in the SIPS group more than other tBHP groups. Furthermore, the expressions of p21 and p16 were significantly decreased in the SENEX-SiRNA group compared with the negative control group. Conclusion SIPS formation activates ARHGAP18 and the p16/Rb pathway and promotes DLBCL cell proliferation. Furthermore, SENEX activates the p16 pathway in DLBCL. SIPS promotes proliferation by activating SENEX and the p16/Rb pathway in DLBCL. SENEX-related SIPS may serve as an important target for relapsed/refractory DLBCL therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyu Wang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Department of Hematology, Hefei, Anhui, P.R. China
| | - Zhitao Wang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Department of Hematology, Hefei, Anhui, P.R. China
| | - Huiping Wang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Department of Hematology, Hefei, Anhui, P.R. China
| | - Zhixiang Wanyan
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Department of Hematology, Hefei, Anhui, P.R. China
| | - Ying Pan
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Department of Hematology, Hefei, Anhui, P.R. China
| | - Fengfeng Zhu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Department of Hematology, Hefei, Anhui, P.R. China
| | - Qianshan Tao
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Department of Hematology, Hefei, Anhui, P.R. China
| | - Zhimin Zhai
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Department of Hematology, Hefei, Anhui, P.R. China
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37
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Wattanathamsan O, Hayakawa Y, Pongrakhananon V. Molecular mechanisms of natural compounds in cell death induction and sensitization to chemotherapeutic drugs in lung cancer. Phytother Res 2019; 33:2531-2547. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Onsurang Wattanathamsan
- Inter‐department program of Pharmacology, Graduate SchoolChulalongkorn University Bangkok Thailand
- Preclinical Toxicity and Efficacy Assessment of Medicines and Chemicals Research ClusterChulalongkorn University Bangkok Thailand
| | - Yoshihiro Hayakawa
- Division of Pathogenic Biochemistry, Department of Bioscience, Institute of Natural MedicineUniversity of Toyama Toyama Japan
| | - Varisa Pongrakhananon
- Preclinical Toxicity and Efficacy Assessment of Medicines and Chemicals Research ClusterChulalongkorn University Bangkok Thailand
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical SciencesChulalongkorn University Bangkok Thailand
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38
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Chen KH, Tsang NM, Chou WC, Tai SF, Liu SC, Lei KF, Chang KP, Chuang WC, Pai PC. Prognostic significance of pretreatment neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in older patients with metastatic cancer. J Geriatr Oncol 2019; 10:757-762. [PMID: 31085137 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgo.2019.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Revised: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Treatment options for older patients with malignancies remain suboptimal. An accurate prognostic stratification could inform treatment decisions, which can potentially improve patient outcomes. Here, we sought to investigate whether the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) may have prognostic significance in patients with metastatic malignant tumors, with a special focus on older individuals. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed the clinical records of 3981 patients with histology-proven metastatic cancer who underwent radiotherapy between 2000 and 2013. The pretreatment NLR was determined within 7 days before treatment initiation. Patients aged ≥65 years were considered as older. We analyzed the prognostic significance of NLR for overall survival (OS) across all age groups. RESULTS Compared with their younger counterparts, older patients showed a higher NLR (P < 0.001) and a lower OS (P < 0.001). Multivariate analysis revealed that a pretreatment NLR below the median was an independent favorable predictor of OS in both older (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.669, 95.0% CI: 0.605-0.740; P < 0.001) and younger patients (HR: 0.704; 95.0% CI: 0.648-0.765; P < 0.001). Regardless of age, patients who underwent systemic therapy showed more favorable OS, especially when NLR was low. In the older subgroup, the OS of patients with a low pretreatment NLR who did not undergo systemic therapy and of those with high pretreatment NLR who underwent systemic therapy was similar. CONCLUSION A low pretreatment NLR predicts a more favorable OS in older patients with metastatic cancer. The most favorable OS was observed in patients with a low pretreatment NLR who received systemic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ngan-Ming Tsang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chi Chou
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taiwan
| | - Shiao Fwu Tai
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Chen Liu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, National Central University, Taiwan
| | - Kin-Fong Lei
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Ping Chang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head Neck Surgery, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, Taiwan
| | | | - Ping-Ching Pai
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan.
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39
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Soria F, Mosca A, Gontero P. Drug strategies for bladder cancer in the elderly: is there promise for the future? Expert Opin Pharmacother 2019; 20:1387-1396. [PMID: 31081702 DOI: 10.1080/14656566.2019.1615055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Bladder cancer (BCa) is a disease that predominantly affects adult and elderly populations. As people live longer, it will become even more frequent and consequently represents a big health problem for health-care providers and is a challenging clinical dilemma. In the elderly, the treatment of BCa presents some peculiarities due to its more aggressive behavior and reduced patient reserves, impacting their response to medical and surgical therapies. AREAS COVERED The authors provide a non-systematic review of the literature using PubMed to obtain an overview of the therapeutic options for BCa in the elderly, from the low-risk non-muscle-invasive setting to muscle-invasive and advanced/metastatic disease. EXPERT OPINION The main challenge in the treatment of BCa in the elderly is represented by the need to find a compromise between the risk of under- and overtreatment. The wide spectrum of disease prognoses between low-risk non-muscle invasive BCa and invasive metastatic disease represents a perfect setting for a personalized approach. To pursue this aim, older patients need a multidisciplinary approach and clinical management, in order to optimize oncological outcomes as well as to face and support their frailty during cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Soria
- a Department of Urology and Comprehensive Cancer Center , Medical University of Vienna , Vienna , Austria.,b Division of Urology, Department of Surgical Sciences, San Giovanni Battista Hospital , University of Studies of Torino , Turin , Italy
| | - Alessandra Mosca
- c Medical Oncology , Maggiore della Carità University Hospital , Novara , Italy
| | - Paolo Gontero
- b Division of Urology, Department of Surgical Sciences, San Giovanni Battista Hospital , University of Studies of Torino , Turin , Italy
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40
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Li X, Ding D, Yao J, Zhou B, Shen T, Qi Y, Ni T, Wei G. Chromatin remodeling factor BAZ1A regulates cellular senescence in both cancer and normal cells. Life Sci 2019; 229:225-232. [PMID: 31085244 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Revised: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Cellular senescence is a well-known cancer prevention mechanism, inducing cancer cells to senescence can enhance cancer immunotherapy. However, how cellular senescence is regulated is not fully understood. Dynamic chromatin changes have been discovered during cellular senescence, while the causality remains elusive. BAZ1A, a gene coding the accessory subunit of ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling complex, showed decreased expression in multiple cellular senescence models. We aim to investigate the functional role of BAZ1A in regulating senescence in cancer and normal cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS Knockdown of BAZ1A was performed via lentivirus mediated short hairpin RNA (shRNA) in various cancer cell lines (A549 and U2OS) and normal cells (HUVEC, NIH3T3 and MEF). A series of senescence-associated phenotypes were quantified by CCK-8 assay, SA-β-Gal staining and EdU incorporation assay, etc. KEY FINDINGS: Knockdown (KD) of BAZ1A induced series of senescence-associated phenotypes in both cancer and normal cells. BAZ1A-KD caused the upregulated expression of SMAD3, which in turn activated the transcription of p21 coding gene CDKN1A and resulted in senescence-associated phenotypes in human cancer cells (A549 and U2OS). SIGNIFICANCE Our results revealed chromatin remodeling modulator BAZ1A acting as a novel regulator of cellular senescence in both normal and cancer cells, indicating a new target for potential cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueping Li
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, Human Phenome Institute, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Dong Ding
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, Human Phenome Institute, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Jun Yao
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, Human Phenome Institute, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Bin Zhou
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, Human Phenome Institute, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Ting Shen
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, Human Phenome Institute, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Yun Qi
- The State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institute of Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Ting Ni
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, Human Phenome Institute, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China.
| | - Gang Wei
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, Human Phenome Institute, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China.
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41
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de Pablos RM, Espinosa-Oliva AM, Hornedo-Ortega R, Cano M, Arguelles S. Hydroxytyrosol protects from aging process via AMPK and autophagy; a review of its effects on cancer, metabolic syndrome, osteoporosis, immune-mediated and neurodegenerative diseases. Pharmacol Res 2019; 143:58-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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42
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Nolte ED, Nolte KA, Yan SS. Anxiety and task performance changes in an aging mouse model. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 514:246-251. [PMID: 31029428 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.04.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Due to the increasing focus on aging as an important risk factor for many serious diseases and an emphasis on animal models that have translational value, an increasing number of animal models are being aged. Animal behavior tests can be used to assess effects of aging in mouse models. Female mice begin exhibiting anxiety-like behaviors at 12 months of age which become more serious at 24 months, while males exhibit no age-induced anxiety-like behaviors. Males and females equally demonstrate a failure of daily task performance at 24 months. Despite these cognitive changes, the mice do not show changes in gross motor function. These results suggest cognitive impairment in non-genetically modified aging mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika D Nolte
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Higuchi Bioscience Center, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66047, USA
| | - Keith A Nolte
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Higuchi Bioscience Center, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66047, USA
| | - Shirley ShiDu Yan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Higuchi Bioscience Center, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66047, USA.
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43
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Kim C, Park JM, Song Y, Kim S, Moon J. HIF1α-mediated AIMP3 suppression delays stem cell aging via the induction of autophagy. Aging Cell 2019; 18:e12909. [PMID: 30706629 PMCID: PMC6413650 DOI: 10.1111/acel.12909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Senescence in stem cells, which occurs as a consequence of chronic responses to the environment, defines the capacity of stem cells for proliferation and differentiation as well as their potential for tissue regeneration and homeostasis maintenance. Although stem cells reside under low oxygen pressure and the availability of oxygen is known to be a crucial determinant in their fate, the key modulators in stem cell aging and the underlying mechanism have yet to be unraveled. Human placenta‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (hpMSCs) were cultured under hypoxia (3% O2) or normoxia (21% O2) to investigate the key factors that regulate stem cell senescence under hypoxic conditions. RNA sequencing results suggested that the expression of aminoacyl‐tRNA synthetase‐interacting multifunctional protein 3 (AIMP3, EEF1E1), an aging inducer, in the hpMSCs was dramatically repressed under hypoxia with concurrent suppression of the aging marker p16INK4a. The hpMSCs that overexpressed AIMP3 under hypoxic conditions displayed significantly decreased proliferation and fewer stem cell characteristics, whereas the downregulation of AIMP3 ameliorated the age‐related senescence of MSCs. Consistent with the results of the hpMSCs, MSCs isolated from the adipose tissue of AIMP3‐overexpressing mice exhibited decreased stem cell functions. Interestingly, AIMP3‐induced senescence is negatively regulated by hypoxia‐inducible factor 1α (HIF1α) and positively regulated by Notch3. Furthermore, we showed that AIMP3 enhanced mitochondrial respiration and suppressed autophagic activity, indicating that the AIMP3‐associated modulation of metabolism and autophagy is a key mechanism in the senescence of stem cells and further suggesting a novel target for interventions against aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chul Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science; CHA University; Pocheon-si Korea
| | - Ji-Min Park
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science; CHA University; Pocheon-si Korea
| | - Youngsook Song
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science; CHA University; Pocheon-si Korea
| | - Sunghoon Kim
- Medicinal Bioconvergence Research Center; Seoul National University; Seoul Korea
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Technology; Seoul National University; Suwon Korea
| | - Jisook Moon
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science; CHA University; Pocheon-si Korea
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44
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Ghosh J, Schultz B, Coutifaris C, Sapienza C. Highly variant DNA methylation in normal tissues identifies a distinct subclass of cancer patients. Adv Cancer Res 2019; 142:1-22. [PMID: 30885359 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acr.2019.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The "CpG Island Methylator Phenotype" (CIMP) has been found to be a useful concept in stratifying several types of human cancer into molecularly and clinically distinguishable subgroups. We have identified an additional epigenetic stratification category, the "Outlier Methylation Phenotype" (OMP). Whereas CIMP is defined on the basis of hyper-methylation in tumor genomes, OMP is defined on the basis of highly variant (either or both hyper- and hypo-methylation) methylation at many sites in normal tissues. OMP was identified and defined, originally, as being more common among low birth weight individuals conceived in vitro but we have also identified OMP individuals among colon cancer patients profiled by us, as well as multiple types of cancer patients in the TCGA database. The cause(s) of OMP are unknown, as is whether these individuals identify a clinically useful subgroup of patients, but both the causes of, and potential consequences to, this epigenetically distinct group are of great interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayashri Ghosh
- Fels Institute of Cancer Research and Molecular Biology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Bryant Schultz
- Fels Institute of Cancer Research and Molecular Biology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Christos Coutifaris
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Carmen Sapienza
- Fels Institute of Cancer Research and Molecular Biology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States.
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45
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Hofman P, Ayache N, Barbry P, Barlaud M, Bel A, Blancou P, Checler F, Chevillard S, Cristofari G, Demory M, Esnault V, Falandry C, Gilson E, Guérin O, Glaichenhaus N, Guigay J, Ilié M, Mari B, Marquette CH, Paquis-Flucklinger V, Prate F, Saintigny P, Seitz-Polsky B, Skhiri T, Van Obberghen-Schilling E, Van Obberghen E, Yvan-Charvet L. The OncoAge Consortium: Linking Aging and Oncology from Bench to Bedside and Back Again. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:E250. [PMID: 30795607 PMCID: PMC6406685 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11020250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
It is generally accepted that carcinogenesis and aging are two biological processes, which are known to be associated. Notably, the frequency of certain cancers (including lung cancer), increases significantly with the age of patients and there is now a wealth of data showing that multiple mechanisms leading to malignant transformation and to aging are interconnected, defining the so-called common biology of aging and cancer. OncoAge, a consortium launched in 2015, brings together the multidisciplinary expertise of leading public hospital services and academic laboratories to foster the transfer of scientific knowledge rapidly acquired in the fields of cancer biology and aging into innovative medical practice and silver economy development. This is achieved through the development of shared technical platforms (for research on genome stability, (epi)genetics, biobanking, immunology, metabolism, and artificial intelligence), clinical research projects, clinical trials, and education. OncoAge focuses mainly on two pilot pathologies, which benefit from the expertise of several members, namely lung and head and neck cancers. This review outlines the broad strategic directions and key advances of OncoAge and summarizes some of the issues faced by this consortium, as well as the short- and long-term perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Hofman
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Pathology/Biobank 0033-00025, CHU Nice, FHU OncoAge, Université Côte d'Azur, 06001 Nice, France.
- Inserm U1081, CNRS UMR7284, Institut de Recherche sur le Cancer et le Vieillissement (IRCAN), FHU OncoAge, Université Côte d'Azur, 06107 Nice, France.
| | - Nicholas Ayache
- Epione Team, Inria, FHU OncoAge, Université Côte d'Azur, 06902 Sophia Antipolis, France.
| | - Pascal Barbry
- CNRS UMR7275, Institut de Pharmacologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire, FHU OncoAge, Université Côte d'Azur, 06560 Valbonne, France.
| | - Michel Barlaud
- i3S Sophia Antipolis, FHU OncoAge, Université Côte d'Azur, 06560 Sophia Antipolis, France.
| | - Audrey Bel
- Centre d'Innovation et d'Usages en Santé (CIUS), FHU OncoAge, Université Côte d'Azur, 06000 Nice, France.
| | - Philippe Blancou
- CNRS UMR7275, Institut de Pharmacologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire, FHU OncoAge, Université Côte d'Azur, 06560 Valbonne, France.
| | - Frédéric Checler
- CNRS UMR7275, Institut de Pharmacologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire, FHU OncoAge, Université Côte d'Azur, 06560 Valbonne, France.
| | - Sylvie Chevillard
- Laboratoire de Cancérologie Expérimentale, Institut François Jacob, CEA Direction de la Recherche Fondamentale, FHU OncoAge, Université Côte d'Azur, 92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France.
| | - Gael Cristofari
- Inserm U1081, CNRS UMR7284, Institut de Recherche sur le Cancer et le Vieillissement (IRCAN), FHU OncoAge, Université Côte d'Azur, 06107 Nice, France.
| | - Mathilde Demory
- Ville de Nice, Mairie de Nice, FHU OncoAge, Université Côte d'Azur, 06364 Nice, France.
| | - Vincent Esnault
- Nephrology Department, CHU Nice, FHU OncoAge, Université Côte d'Azur, 06001 Nice, France.
| | - Claire Falandry
- Geriatric Unit, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Hospices Civils de Lyon, FHU OncoAge, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69310 Pierre-Benite, France.
- Laboratoire CarMeN, Inserm U1060, INRA U139, INSA Lyon, Ecole de Médecine Charles Mérieux, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69921 Oullins, France.
| | - Eric Gilson
- Inserm U1081, CNRS UMR7284, Institut de Recherche sur le Cancer et le Vieillissement (IRCAN), FHU OncoAge, Université Côte d'Azur, 06107 Nice, France.
| | - Olivier Guérin
- Geriatric Coordination Unit for Geriatric Oncology (UCOG) PACA Est, CHU Nice, FHU OncoAge, Université Côte d'Azur, 06000 Nice, France.
| | - Nicolas Glaichenhaus
- CNRS UMR7275, Institut de Pharmacologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire, FHU OncoAge, Université Côte d'Azur, 06560 Valbonne, France.
| | - Joel Guigay
- Oncology Department, Centre Antoine Lacassagne, FHU OncoAge, Université Côté d'Azur, 06189 Nice, France.
| | - Marius Ilié
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Pathology/Biobank 0033-00025, CHU Nice, FHU OncoAge, Université Côte d'Azur, 06001 Nice, France.
- Inserm U1081, CNRS UMR7284, Institut de Recherche sur le Cancer et le Vieillissement (IRCAN), FHU OncoAge, Université Côte d'Azur, 06107 Nice, France.
| | - Bernard Mari
- CNRS UMR7275, Institut de Pharmacologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire, FHU OncoAge, Université Côte d'Azur, 06560 Valbonne, France.
| | - Charles-Hugo Marquette
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Oncology, CHU Nice, FHU OncoAge, Université Côte d'Azur, 06000 Nice, France.
| | - Véronique Paquis-Flucklinger
- Inserm U1081, CNRS UMR7284, Institut de Recherche sur le Cancer et le Vieillissement (IRCAN), FHU OncoAge, Université Côte d'Azur, 06107 Nice, France.
| | - Frédéric Prate
- Geriatric Coordination Unit for Geriatric Oncology (UCOG) PACA Est, CHU Nice, FHU OncoAge, Université Côte d'Azur, 06000 Nice, France.
| | - Pierre Saintigny
- Département de Médecine, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Centre de recherche en cancérologie de Lyon, Centre Léon Bérard, FHU OncoAge, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69008 Lyon, France.
| | - Barbara Seitz-Polsky
- CNRS UMR7275, Institut de Pharmacologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire, FHU OncoAge, Université Côte d'Azur, 06560 Valbonne, France.
- Laboratory of Immunology, CHU Nice, FHU OncoAge, Université Côte d'Azur, 06200 Nice, France.
| | - Taycir Skhiri
- Centre d'Innovation et d'Usages en Santé (CIUS), FHU OncoAge, Université Côte d'Azur, 06000 Nice, France.
| | | | | | - Laurent Yvan-Charvet
- Inserm U1065, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire (C3M), FHU OncoAge, Université Côte d'Azur, 06200 Nice, France.
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Cao P, Zhang J, Huang Y, Fang Y, Lyu J, Shen Y. The age-related changes and differences in energy metabolism and glutamate-glutamine recycling in the d-gal-induced and naturally occurring senescent astrocytes in vitro. Exp Gerontol 2019; 118:9-18. [PMID: 30610899 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2018.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Revised: 12/24/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Previously, we successfully established a d-galactose (d-gal)-induced astrocyte aging model in vitro. However, whether the changes in the aged astrocytes induced by d-gal are similar to those occurred in naturally are unknown. Therefore, in current study, we simultaneously established d-gal-induced and naturally aged astrocyte aging models in vitro to explore the age-related changes and to compare the differences in these two astrocyte aging models. The Seahorse Extracellular Flux Analyzer was used to examine the mitochondrial metabolism and glycolysis activities of the young and senescent astrocytes. The results showed that the mitochondrial ATP-linked oxygen consumption rates (OCRs) were decreased markedly both in the d-gal-induced and naturally occurring senescent astrocytes. The basal glycolysis activity was increased in the naturally occurring senescent astrocytes, whereas it was decreased in the d-gal-induced senescent astrocytes. Western blot analysis showed that isocitrate dehydrogenase 3 (IDH3), succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) and malate dehydrogenase 2 (MDH2) were markedly decreased both in these two aging models, whereas the iron‑sulfur cluster assembly enzyme (ISCU) was up-regulated in the naturally occurring senescent astrocytes but was down-regulated in the d-gal-induced senescent astrocytes. The expression levels of glial glutamate transporter-1 (GLT-1), glutamine synthetase (GS) and γ-aminobutyric acid type B receptor subunit 2 (GABABR2) were also markedly decreased in these two aging models. In addition, the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway was to be inactivated both in the d-gal-induced and naturally occurring senescent astrocytes. These results indicate that the age-related changes in d-gal-induced senescent astrocytes are not fully consistent with those in naturally occurring senescent astrocytes, and it may be not suitable to use d-gal-induced senescent astrocytes to replace the naturally occurring senescent astrocytes to explore the aging mechanisms under some circumstances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Cao
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, PR China
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, PR China
| | - Yuyan Huang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, PR China
| | - Yujia Fang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, PR China
| | - Jianxin Lyu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, PR China; Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affliated People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China.
| | - Yao Shen
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, PR China.
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Wei Z, Guo H, Qin J, Lu S, Liu Q, Zhang X, Zou Y, Gong Y, Shao C. Pan-senescence transcriptome analysis identified RRAD as a marker and negative regulator of cellular senescence. Free Radic Biol Med 2019; 130:267-277. [PMID: 30391675 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.10.457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Revised: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cellular senescence, an irreversible proliferative arrest, functions in tissue remodeling during development and is implicated in multiple aging-associated diseases. While senescent cells often manifest an array of senescence-associated phenotypes, such as cell cycle arrest, altered heterochromatin architecture, reprogrammed metabolism and senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), the identification of senescence cells has been hindered by lack of specific and universal biomarkers. To systematically identify universal biomarkers of cellular senescence, we integrated multiple transcriptome data sets of senescent cells obtained through different in vitro manipulation modes as well as age-related gene expression data of human tissues. Our analysis showed that RRAD (Ras-related associated with diabetes) expression is up-regulated in all the manipulation modes and increases with age in human skin and adipose tissues. The elevated RRAD expression was then confirmed in senescent human fibroblasts that were induced by Ras, H2O2, ionizing radiation, hydroxyurea, etoposide and replicative passage, respectively. Further functional study suggests that RRAD up-regulation acts as a negative feedback mechanism to counter cellular senescence by reducing the level of reactive oxygen species. Finally, we found both p53 and NF-κB bind to RRAD genomic regions and modulate RRAD transcription. This study established RRAD to be a biomarker as well as a novel negative regulator of cellular senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Wei
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China; Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Haiyang Guo
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre/University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Junchao Qin
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Shihua Lu
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Qiao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xiyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yongxin Zou
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yaoqin Gong
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Changshun Shao
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China; State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Institutes for Translational Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.
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Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) and Aging: Is There a Sensible Link? ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1193:237-253. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-6260-6_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Shi M, Zhou H, Lei M, Chen L, Zellmer L, He Y, Yang W, Xu N, Liao DJ. Spontaneous Cancers, But Not Many Induced Ones in Animals, Resemble Semi-New Organisms that Possess a Unique Programmed Cell Death Mode Different from Apoptosis, Senescent Death, Necrosis and Stress-Induced Cell Death. J Cancer 2018; 9:4726-4735. [PMID: 30588258 PMCID: PMC6299389 DOI: 10.7150/jca.26502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
There are four basic cell death modes in animals, i.e. physiological senescent death (SD) and apoptosis as well as pathological necrosis and stress-induced cell death (SICD). There have been numerous publications describing “apoptosis” in cancer, mostly focused on killing cancer cells using radio- or chemo-therapy, with few on exploring how cancer cells die naturally without such treatments. Spontaneous benign or malignant neoplasms are immortal and autonomous, but they still retain some allegiance to their parental tissue or organ and thus are still somewhat controlled by the patient's body. Because of these properties of immortality, semi-autonomy, and semi-allegiance to the patient's body, spontaneous tumors have no redundant cells and resemble “semi-new organisms” parasitizing the patients, becoming a unique tissue type possessing a hitherto unannotated cell death mode besides SD, apoptosis, necrosis and SICD. Particularly, apoptosis aims to expunge redundant cells, whereas this new mode does not. In contrast to spontaneous tumors, many histologically malignant tumors induced in experimental animals, before they reach an advanced stage, regress after withdrawal of the inducer. This mortal and non-autonomous nature disqualifies these animal lesions as authentic neoplasms and as semi-new organisms but makes them a good tissue type for apoptosis studies. Ruminating over cell death in spontaneous cancers and many inauthentic tumors induced in animals from these new slants makes us realize that “whether cancer cells undergo apoptosis” is not an easy question with a simple answer. Our answer is that cancer cells have an uncharacterized programmed cell death mode, which is not apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjun Shi
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Haiyan Zhou
- Clinical Research Center, Guizhou Medical University Hospital, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Mingjuan Lei
- Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN 55912, USA
| | - Lichan Chen
- Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN 55912, USA
| | - Lucas Zellmer
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, 435 E. River Road, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Yan He
- Key Lab of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases of the Ministry of Education of China at Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Wenxiu Yang
- Department of Pathology, Guizhou Medical University Hospital, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou province, China
| | - Ningzhi Xu
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology & State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Dezhong Joshua Liao
- Key Lab of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases of the Ministry of Education of China at Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou Province, China.,Department of Pathology, Guizhou Medical University Hospital, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou province, China
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Dou X, Chen L, Lei M, Zellmer L, Jia Q, Ling P, He Y, Yang W, Liao DJ. Evaluating the Remote Control of Programmed Cell Death, with or without a Compensatory Cell Proliferation. Int J Biol Sci 2018; 14:1800-1812. [PMID: 30443184 PMCID: PMC6231223 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.26962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Organisms and their different component levels, whether organelle, cellular or other, come by birth and go by death, and the deaths are often balanced by new births. Evolution on the one hand has built demise program(s) in cells of organisms but on the other hand has established external controls on the program(s). For instance, evolution has established death program(s) in animal cells so that the cells can, when it is needed, commit apoptosis or senescent death (SD) in physiological situations and stress-induced cell death (SICD) in pathological situations. However, these programmed cell deaths are not predominantly regulated by the cells that do the dying but, instead, are controlled externally and remotely by the cells' superior(s), i.e. their host tissue or organ or even the animal's body. Currently, it is still unclear whether a cell has only one death program or has several programs respectively controlling SD, apoptosis and SICD. In animals, apoptosis exterminates, in a physiological manner, healthy but no-longer needed cells to avoid cell redundancy, whereas suicidal SD and SICD, like homicidal necrosis, terminate ill but useful cells, which may be followed by regeneration of the live cells and by scar formation to heal the damaged organ or tissue. Therefore, “who dies” clearly differentiates apoptosis from SD, SICD and necrosis. In animals, apoptosis can occur only in those cell types that retain a lifelong ability of proliferation and never occurs in those cell types that can no longer replicate in adulthood. In cancer cells, SICD is strengthened, apoptosis is dramatically weakened while SD has been lost. Most published studies professed to be about apoptosis are actually about SICD, which has four basic and well-articulated pathways involving caspases or involving pathological alterations in the mitochondria, endoplasmic reticula, or lysosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xixi Dou
- Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceuticals, Shandong Academy of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jinan 250101, Shandong Province, P.R. China.,Technology Center, Shandong Freda Pharmaceutical Group, Jinan 250101, Shandong Province, P.R. China
| | - Lichan Chen
- College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, Fujian Province, P.R. China
| | - Mingjuan Lei
- Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN 55912, USA
| | - Lucas Zellmer
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, 435 E. River Road, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Qingwen Jia
- Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceuticals, Shandong Academy of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jinan 250101, Shandong Province, P.R. China
| | - Peixue Ling
- Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceuticals, Shandong Academy of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jinan 250101, Shandong Province, P.R. China.,Technology Center, Shandong Freda Pharmaceutical Group, Jinan 250101, Shandong Province, P.R. China
| | - Yan He
- Key Lab of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases of the Ministry of Education of China in Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou Province, P.R. China
| | - Wenxiu Yang
- Department of Pathology, Guizhou Medical University Hospital, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou province, P.R. China
| | - Dezhong Joshua Liao
- Key Lab of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases of the Ministry of Education of China in Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou Province, P.R. China.,Department of Pathology, Guizhou Medical University Hospital, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou province, P.R. China
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