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Rodriguez-Muñoz A, Motahari-Rad H, Martin-Chaves L, Benitez-Porres J, Rodriguez-Capitan J, Gonzalez-Jimenez A, Insenser M, Tinahones FJ, Murri M. A Systematic Review of Proteomics in Obesity: Unpacking the Molecular Puzzle. Curr Obes Rep 2024; 13:403-438. [PMID: 38703299 DOI: 10.1007/s13679-024-00561-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The present study aims to review the existing literature to identify pathophysiological proteins in obesity by conducting a systematic review of proteomics studies. Proteomics may reveal the mechanisms of obesity development and clarify the links between obesity and related diseases, improving our comprehension of obesity and its clinical implications. RECENT FINDINGS Most of the molecular events implicated in obesity development remain incomplete. Proteomics stands as a powerful tool for elucidating the intricate interactions among proteins in the context of obesity. This methodology has the potential to identify proteins involved in pathological processes and to evaluate changes in protein abundance during obesity development, contributing to the identification of early disease predisposition, monitoring the effectiveness of interventions and improving disease management overall. Despite many non-targeted proteomic studies exploring obesity, a comprehensive and up-to-date systematic review of the molecular events implicated in obesity development is lacking. The lack of such a review presents a significant challenge for researchers trying to interpret the existing literature. This systematic review was conducted following the PRISMA guidelines and included sixteen human proteomic studies, each of which delineated proteins exhibiting significant alterations in obesity. A total of 41 proteins were reported to be altered in obesity by at least two or more studies. These proteins were involved in metabolic pathways, oxidative stress responses, inflammatory processes, protein folding, coagulation, as well as structure/cytoskeleton. Many of the identified proteomic biomarkers of obesity have also been reported to be dysregulated in obesity-related disease. Among them, seven proteins, which belong to metabolic pathways (aldehyde dehydrogenase and apolipoprotein A1), the chaperone family (albumin, heat shock protein beta 1, protein disulfide-isomerase A3) and oxidative stress and inflammation proteins (catalase and complement C3), could potentially serve as biomarkers for the progression of obesity and the development of comorbidities, contributing to personalized medicine in the field of obesity. Our systematic review in proteomics represents a substantial step forward in unravelling the complexities of protein alterations associated with obesity. It provides valuable insights into the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying obesity, thereby opening avenues for the discovery of potential biomarkers and the development of personalized medicine in obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Rodriguez-Muñoz
- Endocrinology and Nutrition UGC, Hospital Universitario Virgen de La Victoria, Málaga, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, Hospital Clínico Virgen de La Victoria, Málaga, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de La Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Málaga, Spain
| | - Hanieh Motahari-Rad
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Laura Martin-Chaves
- Heart Area, Hospital Universitario Virgen de La Victoria, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, Malaga, Spain
- Department of Dermatology and Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain
| | - Javier Benitez-Porres
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, Hospital Clínico Virgen de La Victoria, Málaga, Spain
- Department of Human Physiology, Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain
| | - Jorge Rodriguez-Capitan
- Heart Area, Hospital Universitario Virgen de La Victoria, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, Malaga, Spain
- Biomedical Research Network Center for Cardiovascular Diseases (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Maria Insenser
- Diabetes, Obesity and Human Reproduction Research Group, Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal & Universidad de Alcalá & Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS) & Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Francisco J Tinahones
- Endocrinology and Nutrition UGC, Hospital Universitario Virgen de La Victoria, Málaga, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, Hospital Clínico Virgen de La Victoria, Málaga, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de La Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Málaga, Spain
- Department of Dermatology and Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain
| | - Mora Murri
- Endocrinology and Nutrition UGC, Hospital Universitario Virgen de La Victoria, Málaga, Spain.
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, Hospital Clínico Virgen de La Victoria, Málaga, Spain.
- CIBER Fisiopatología de La Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Málaga, Spain.
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
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Ragab HE, El-Banna A, Elshaer NS, Azzaz O. L-carnitine: A novel approach in management of acute cholinesterase inhibitor insecticide poisoning. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2024; 13:tfae104. [PMID: 38993484 PMCID: PMC11234197 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfae104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Cholinesterase inhibitors (ChEIs) insecticide poisoning is a serious global health concern that results in hundreds of thousands of fatalities each year. Although inhibition of the cholinesterase enzyme is the main mechanism of ChEI poisoning, oxidative stress is considered the mechanism underlying the related complications. The study aimed to assess the oxidative status of the patients with ChEI insecticide poisoning and the role of L-carnitine as adjuvant therapy in their management. Human studies on the efficacy and safety of L-carnitine in treating insecticide poisoning are limited despite its growing research interest as a safe antioxidant. This prospective study was conducted on eighty patients with acute ChEIs insecticide poisoning admitted to Alexandria Poison Center, Alexandria Main University Hospital, Egypt. Patients were allocated into two equal groups randomly. The L-carnitine (LC) group received the conventional treatment (atropine & toxogonin) and LC and the standard treatment (ST) group received the standard treatment only. Outcome measures were fatality rate, the total administered dose of atropine & toxogonin, length of hospital stay, and the requirement for ICU admission or mechanical ventilation. The study results revealed that malondialdehyde (MDA) significantly decreased in the LC group. Cholinesterase enzyme levels increased significantly after treatment in the LC group than in the ST group. The LC group needed lower dosages of atropine and toxogonin than the ST group. Also, the LC group showed no need for ICU admission or mechanical ventilation. The study concluded that LC can be considered a promising adjuvant antioxidant treatment in acute ChEIs pesticide poisoning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisham Elsayed Ragab
- Professor of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University Champollion street, Al Mesallah Sharq, Qesm Al Attarin, Alexandria 21521, Egypt
| | - Asmaa El-Banna
- Professor of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University Champollion street, Al Mesallah Sharq, Qesm Al Attarin, Alexandria 21521, Egypt
| | - Noha Selim Elshaer
- Assistant Professor of Industrial Medicine and Occupational Health, Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University Champollion street, Al Mesallah Sharq, Qesm Al Attarin, Alexandria 21521, Egypt
| | - Omnia Azzaz
- Assistant Lecturer in Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University Champollion street, Al Mesallah Sharq, Qesm Al Attarin, Alexandria 21521, Egypt
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Bertossa MR, Darby JRT, Holman SL, Meakin AS, Li C, Huber HF, Wiese MD, Nathanielsz PW, Morrison JL. Maternal high fat-high energy diet alters metabolic factors in the non-human primate fetal heart. J Physiol 2024. [PMID: 39087821 DOI: 10.1113/jp286861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The consumption of high fat-high energy diets (HF-HEDs) continues to rise worldwide and parallels the rise in maternal obesity (MO) that predisposes offspring to cardiometabolic disorders. Although the underlying mechanisms are unclear, thyroid hormones (TH) modulate cardiac maturation in utero. Therefore, we aimed to determine the impact of a high fat-high energy diet (HF-HED) on the hormonal, metabolic and contractility profile of the non-human primate (NHP) fetal heart. At ∼9 months preconception, female baboons (Papio hamadryas) were randomly assigned to either a control diet or HF-HED. At 165 days gestational age (term = 184 days), fetuses were delivered by Caesarean section under anaesthesia, humanely killed, and left ventricular cardiac tissue (Control (n = 6 female, 6 male); HF-HED (n = 6 F, 6 M)) was collected. Maternal HF-HED decreased the concentration of active cardiac TH (i.e. triiodothyronine (T3)), and type 1 iodothyronine deiodinase (DIO1) mRNA expression. Maternal HF-HED decreased the abundance of cardiac markers of insulin-mediated glucose uptake phosphorylated insulin receptor substrate 1 (Ser789) and glucose transporter 4, and increased protein abundance of key oxidative phosphorylation complexes (I, III, IV) and mitochondrial abundance in both sexes. Maternal HF-HED alters cardiac TH status, which may induce early signs of cardiac insulin resistance. This may increase the risk of cardiometabolic disorders in later life in offspring born to these pregnancies. KEY POINTS: Babies born to mothers who consume a high fat-high energy diet (HF-HED) prior to and during pregnancy are predisposed to an increased risk of cardiometabolic disorders across the life course. Maternal HF-HED prior to and during pregnancy decreased thyroid hormone triiodothyronine (T3) concentrations and type 1 iodothyronine deiodinase DIO1 mRNA expression in the non-human primate fetal heart. Maternal HF-HED decreased markers of insulin-dependent glucose uptake, phosphorylated insulin receptor substrate 1 and glucose transporter 4 in the fetal heart. Maternal HF-HED increased mitochondrial abundance and mitochondrial OXPHOS complex I, III and IV in the fetal heart. Fetuses from HF-HED pregnancies are predisposed to cardiometabolic disorders that may be mediated by changes in T3, placing them on a poor lifetime cardiovascular health trajectory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie R Bertossa
- Early Origins of Adult Health Research Group, Health and Biomedical Innovation, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Jack R T Darby
- Early Origins of Adult Health Research Group, Health and Biomedical Innovation, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Stacey L Holman
- Early Origins of Adult Health Research Group, Health and Biomedical Innovation, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Ashley S Meakin
- Early Origins of Adult Health Research Group, Health and Biomedical Innovation, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Cun Li
- Department of Animal Science, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA
| | - Hillary F Huber
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Michael D Wiese
- Centre for Pharmaceutical Innovation, UniSA: Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | | | - Janna L Morrison
- Early Origins of Adult Health Research Group, Health and Biomedical Innovation, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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Opgenorth J, Abeyta MA, Goetz BM, Rodriguez-Jimenez S, Freestone AD, Rhoads RP, McMillan RP, McGill JL, Baumgard LH. Intramammary lipopolysaccharide challenge in early- versus mid-lactation dairy cattle: Immune, production, and metabolic responses. J Dairy Sci 2024; 107:6252-6267. [PMID: 38460880 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2023-24488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
Study objectives were to compare the immune response, metabolism, and production following intramammary LPS (IMM LPS) administration in early and mid-lactation cows. Early (E-LPS; n = 11; 20 ± 4 DIM) and mid- (M-LPS; n = 10; 155 ± 40 DIM) lactation cows were enrolled in an experiment consisting of 2 periods (P). During P1 (5 d) cows were fed ad libitum and baseline data were collected, including liver and muscle biopsies. At the beginning of P2 (3 d) cows received 10 mL of sterile saline containing 10 µg of LPS from Escherichia coli O111:B4/mL into the left rear quarter of the mammary gland, and liver and muscle biopsies were collected at 12 h after LPS. Tissues were analyzed for metabolic flexibility, which measures substrate switching capacity from pyruvic acid to palmitic acid oxidation. Data were analyzed with the MIXED procedure in SAS 9.4. Rectal temperature was assessed hourly for the first 12 h after LPS and every 6 h thereafter for the remainder of P2. All cows developed a febrile response following LPS, but E-LPS had a more intense fever than M-LPS cows (0.7°C at 5 h after LPS). Blood samples were collected at 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 24, 36, 48, and 72 h after LPS for analysis of systemic inflammation and metabolism parameters. Total serum Ca decreased after LPS (26% at 6 h nadir) but did not differ by lactation stage (LS). Circulating neutrophils decreased, then increased after LPS in both LS, but E-LPS had exaggerated neutrophilia (56% from 12 to 48 h) compared with M-LPS. Haptoglobin increased after LPS (15-fold) but did not differ by LS. Many circulating cytokines were increased after LPS, and IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, MCP-1, and IP-10 were further augmented in E-LPS compared with M-LPS cows. Relative to P1, all cows had reduced milk yield (26%) and DMI (14%) on d 1 that did not differ by LS. Somatic cell score increased rapidly in response to LPS regardless of LS and gradually decreased from 18 h onwards. Milk component yields decreased after LPS. However, E-LPS had increased fat (11%) and tended to have increased lactose (8%) yield compared with M-LPS cows throughout P2. Circulating glucose was not affected by LPS. Nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA) decreased in E-LPS (29%) but not M-LPS cows. β-Hydroxybutyrate slightly increased (14%) over time after LPS regardless of LS. Insulin increased after LPS in all cows, but E-LPS had blunted hyperinsulinemia (52%) compared with M-LPS cows. Blood urea nitrogen increased after LPS, and the relative change in BUN was elevated in E-LPS cows compared with M-LPS cows (36% and 13%, respectively, from 9 to 24 h). During P1, metabolic flexibility was increased in liver and muscle in early lactating cows compared with mid-lactation cows, but 12 h after LPS, metabolic flexibility was reduced and did not differ by LS. In conclusion, IMM LPS caused severe immune activation, and E-LPS cows had a more intense inflammatory response compared with M-LPS cows, but the effects on milk synthesis was similar between LS. Some parameters of the E-LPS metabolic profile suggest continuation of metabolic adjustments associated with early lactation to support both a robust immune system and milk synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Opgenorth
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011
| | - M A Abeyta
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011
| | - B M Goetz
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011
| | | | - A D Freestone
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011
| | - R P Rhoads
- School of Animal Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24060
| | - R P McMillan
- Department of Human Nutrition, Foods and Exercise, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24060
| | - J L McGill
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventative Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011
| | - L H Baumgard
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011.
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Teng T, Zheng Y, Zhang M, Sun G, Li Z, Shi B, Shang T. Chronic cold stress promotes inflammation and ER stress via inhibiting GLP-1R signaling, and exacerbates the risk of ferroptosis in the liver and pancreas. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 360:124647. [PMID: 39089475 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Revised: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
The cold climates in autumn and winter threatens human health. The aim of this study was to reveal the effects of prolonged cold exposure on the liver and pancreas based on GLP-1R signaling, oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and ferroptosis by Yorkshire pig models. Yorkshire pigs were divided into the control group and chronic cold stress (CCS) group. The results showed that CCS induced oxidative stress injury, activated Nrf2 pathway and inhibited the expression of GLP-1R in the liver and pancreas (P < 0.05). The toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) pathway was activated in the liver and pancreas, accompanied by the enrichment of IL-1β and TNF-α during CCS (P < 0.05). Moreover, the kinase RNA-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK), inositol requiring kinase 1 (IRE1), X-box-binding protein 1 (XBP1) and eukaryotic initiation factor 2α (eIF2α) expression in the liver and pancreas was up-regulated during CCS (P < 0.05). In addition, CCS promoted the prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (PTGS2) expression and inhibited the ferritin H (FtH) expression in the liver. Summarily, CCS promotes inflammation, ER stress and apoptosis by inhibiting the GLP-1R signaling and inducing oxidative stress, and exacerbates the risk of ferroptosis in the liver and pancreas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teng Teng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yusong Zheng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Mengqi Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Guodong Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Zhongyu Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Baoming Shi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Tingting Shang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
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Mishra S, Welch N, Singh SS, Singh KD, Bellar A, Kumar A, Deutz LN, Hanlon MD, Kant S, Dastidar S, Patel H, Agrawal V, Attaway AH, Musich R, Stark GR, Tedesco FS, Truskey GA, Weiner ID, Karnik SS, Dasarathy S. Ammonia transporter RhBG initiates downstream signaling and functional responses by activating NFκB. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2314760121. [PMID: 39052834 PMCID: PMC11294993 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2314760121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Transceptors, solute transporters that facilitate intracellular entry of molecules and also initiate intracellular signaling events, have been primarily studied in lower-order species. Ammonia, a cytotoxic endogenous metabolite, is converted to urea in hepatocytes for urinary excretion in mammals. During hyperammonemia, when hepatic metabolism is impaired, nonureagenic ammonia disposal occurs primarily in skeletal muscle. Increased ammonia uptake in skeletal muscle is mediated by a membrane-bound, 12 transmembrane domain solute transporter, Rhesus blood group-associated B glycoprotein (RhBG). We show that in addition to its transport function, RhBG interacts with myeloid differentiation primary response-88 (MyD88) to initiate an intracellular signaling cascade that culminates in activation of NFκB. We also show that ammonia-induced MyD88 signaling is independent of the canonical toll-like receptor-initiated mechanism of MyD88-dependent NFκB activation. In silico, in vitro, and in situ experiments show that the conserved cytosolic J-domain of the RhBG protein interacts with the Toll-interleukin-1 receptor (TIR) domain of MyD88. In skeletal muscle from human patients, human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived myotubes, and myobundles show an interaction of RhBG-MyD88 during hyperammonemia. Using complementary experimental and multiomics analyses in murine myotubes and mice with muscle-specific RhBG or MyD88 deletion, we show that the RhBG-MyD88 interaction is essential for the activation of NFkB but not ammonia transport. Our studies show a paradigm of substrate-dependent regulation of transceptor function with the potential for modulation of cellular responses in mammalian systems by decoupling transport and signaling functions of transceptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saurabh Mishra
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH44195
| | - Nicole Welch
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH44195
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH44195
| | - Shashi Shekhar Singh
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH44195
| | | | - Annette Bellar
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH44195
| | - Avinash Kumar
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH44195
| | - Lars N. Deutz
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH44195
| | - Maxmillian D. Hanlon
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH44195
| | - Sashi Kant
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH44195
| | - Sumitava Dastidar
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London & The Francis Crick Institute, LondonWC1E6DE, UK
| | - Hailee Patel
- Duke Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC27708
| | - Vandana Agrawal
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH44195
| | - Amy H. Attaway
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH44195
- Pulmonary Medicine, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH44195
| | - Ryan Musich
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH44195
| | - George R. Stark
- Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH44195
| | - Francesco Saverio Tedesco
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London & The Francis Crick Institute, LondonWC1E6DE, UK
| | | | - I. David Weiner
- Division of Nephrology Hypertension, and Renal Transplantation, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL32610
- Nephrology and Hypertension Section, Gainesville, FL32610
| | - Sadashiva S. Karnik
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH44195
| | - Srinivasan Dasarathy
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH44195
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH44195
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Yang L, Shao Y, Gao T, Bajinka O, Yuan X. Current advances in cancer energy metabolism under dietary restriction: a mini review. Med Oncol 2024; 41:209. [PMID: 39060824 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-024-02452-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
The manipulation of the energy or source of food for cancer cells has attracted significant attention in oncology research. Metabolic reprogramming of the immune system allows for a deeper understanding of cancer cell mechanisms, thereby impeding their progression. A more targeted approach is the restriction of cancer cells through dietary restriction (CR), which deprives cancer cells of the preferred energy sources within the tumor microenvironment, thereby enhancing immune cell efficacy. Although there is a plethora of CR strategies that can be employed to impede cancer progression, there is currently no comprehensive review that delineates the specific dietary restrictions that target the diverse metabolic pathways of cancer cells. This mini-review introduces amino acids as anti-cancer agents and discusses the role of dietary interventions in cancer prevention and treatment. It highlights the potential of a ketogenic diet as a therapeutic approach for cancer, elucidating its distinct mechanisms of action in tumor progression. Additionally, the potential of plant-based diets as anti-cancer agents and the role of polyphenols and vitamins in anti-cancer therapy were also discussed, along with some prospective interventions for CR as anti-tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuxin Yang
- First Clinical Medical College, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, No. 24 Heping Street, Harbin, 150040, Heilongjiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yudian Shao
- Second Clinical Medical College, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, No. 24 Heping Street, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150040, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingting Gao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Heilongjiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 33 Xidazhi Street, Harbin, 150006, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Ousman Bajinka
- School of Medicine and Allied Health Sciences, University of The Gambia, Banjul, The Gambia
| | - Xingxing Yuan
- First Clinical Medical College, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, No. 24 Heping Street, Harbin, 150040, Heilongjiang Province, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Gastroenterology, Heilongjiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 33 Xidazhi Street, Harbin, 150006, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China.
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8
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Swalsingh G, Pani P, Senapati U, Sahu B, Pani S, Pati B, Rout S, Bal NC. Intramuscular administration of fractalkine modulates mitochondrial properties and promotes fast glycolytic phenotype. Biofactors 2024. [PMID: 39052304 DOI: 10.1002/biof.2092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
A newly categorized myokine called fractalkine (CX3CL1) has been associated with divergent conditions such as obesity, tissue inflammation, and exercise. CX3CL1 works through specific membrane-bound receptors (CX3CR1) found in various tissues including skeletal muscles. Studies indicate CX3CL1 induces muscles to uptake energy substrates thereby improving glucose utilization and countering diabetes. Here, we tested if the administration of purified CX3CL1 directly into mice skeletal muscles affects its histoarchitecture, mitochondrial activity, and expression of metabolic proteins. We analyzed four muscles: two upper-limb (quadriceps, hamstrings) and two lower-limb (tibialis anterior, gastrocnemius), contralateral leg muscles were taken as controls. The effects of CX3CL1 treatment on histoarchitecture, mitochondrial activity, and expression of metabolic proteins in muscles were characterized. We used histochemical staining succinate dehydrogenase (SDH)/cytochrome c oxidase (COX), myosin ATPase, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) to evaluate the mitochondrial activity, fiber types, and vascularization in the muscles, respectively. Western blotting was used to evaluate the expression of proteins associated with mitochondrial metabolism (OXPHOS), glycolysis, and vascularization. Overall, this study indicates CX3CL1 primarily modulates mitochondrial metabolism and shifts substrate preference toward glucose in the skeletal muscle. Evidence also supports that CX3CL1 stimulates the relative composition of fast fiber types, influencing selection of energy substrates in the skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Punyadhara Pani
- School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Unmod Senapati
- School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Bijayashree Sahu
- School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Sunil Pani
- School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Benudhara Pati
- School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Subhasmita Rout
- School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Naresh C Bal
- School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
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Lenihan-Geels G, Garcia Carrizo F, Leer M, Gohlke S, Oster M, Pöhle-Kronawitter S, Ott C, Chadt A, Reinisch IN, Galhuber M, Li C, Jonas W, Jähnert M, Klaus S, Al-Hasani H, Grune T, Schürmann A, Madl T, Prokesch A, Schupp M, Schulz TJ. Skeletal muscle p53-depletion uncovers a mechanism of fuel usage suppression that enables efficient energy conservation. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2024. [PMID: 39010299 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.13529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The ability of skeletal muscle to respond adequately to changes in nutrient availability, known as metabolic flexibility, is essential for the maintenance of metabolic health and loss of flexibility contributes to the development of diabetes and obesity. The tumour suppressor protein, p53, has been linked to the control of energy metabolism. We assessed its role in the acute control of nutrient allocation in skeletal muscle in the context of limited nutrient availability. METHODS A mouse model with inducible deletion of the p53-encoding gene, Trp53, in skeletal muscle was generated using the Cre-loxP-system. A detailed analysis of nutrient metabolism in mice with control and knockout genotypes was performed under ad libitum fed and fasting conditions and in exercised mice. RESULTS Acute deletion of p53 in myofibres of mice activated catabolic nutrient usage pathways even under ad libitum fed conditions, resulting in significantly increased overall energy expenditure (+10.6%; P = 0.0385) and a severe nutrient deficit in muscle characterized by depleted intramuscular glucose and glycogen levels (-62,0%; P < 0.0001 and -52.7%; P < 0.0001, respectively). This was accompanied by changes in marker gene expression patterns of circadian rhythmicity and hyperactivity (+57.4%; P = 0.0068). These metabolic changes occurred acutely, within 2-3 days after deletion of Trp53 was initiated, suggesting a rapid adaptive response to loss of p53, which resulted in a transient increase in lactate release to the circulation (+46.6%; P = 0.0115) from non-exercised muscle as a result of elevated carbohydrate mobilization. Conversely, an impairment of proteostasis and amino acid metabolism was observed in knockout mice during fasting. During endurance exercise testing, mice with acute, muscle-specific Trp53 inactivation displayed an early exhaustion phenotype with a premature shift in fuel usage and reductions in multiple performance parameters, including a significantly reduced running time and distance (-13.8%; P = 0.049 and -22.2%; P = 0.0384, respectively). CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that efficient nutrient conservation is a key element of normal metabolic homeostasis that is sustained by p53. The homeostatic state in metabolic tissues is actively maintained to coordinate efficient energy conservation and metabolic flexibility towards nutrient stress. The acute deletion of Trp53 unlocks mechanisms that suppress the activity of nutrient catabolic pathways, causing substantial loss of intramuscular energy stores, which contributes to a fasting-like state in muscle tissue. Altogether, these findings uncover a novel function of p53 in the short-term regulation of nutrient metabolism in skeletal muscle and show that p53 serves to maintain metabolic homeostasis and efficient energy conservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgia Lenihan-Geels
- Department of Adipocyte Development and Nutrition, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke (DIfE), Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Francisco Garcia Carrizo
- Department of Adipocyte Development and Nutrition, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke (DIfE), Nuthetal, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Marina Leer
- Department of Adipocyte Development and Nutrition, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke (DIfE), Nuthetal, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Sabrina Gohlke
- Department of Adipocyte Development and Nutrition, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke (DIfE), Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Moritz Oster
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Pharmacology, Max Rubner Center (MRC) for Cardiovascular-Metabolic-Renal Research, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sophie Pöhle-Kronawitter
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Christiane Ott
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Alexandra Chadt
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute for Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center (DDZ), Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Isabel N Reinisch
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cell Signaling, Metabolism and Aging, Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Markus Galhuber
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cell Signaling, Metabolism and Aging, Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Chen Li
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Pharmacology, Max Rubner Center (MRC) for Cardiovascular-Metabolic-Renal Research, Berlin, Germany
| | - Wenke Jonas
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Department of Experimental Diabetology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Markus Jähnert
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Department of Experimental Diabetology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Susanne Klaus
- Department Physiology of Energy Metabolism, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Hadi Al-Hasani
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute for Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center (DDZ), Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Tilman Grune
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Annette Schürmann
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Department of Experimental Diabetology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Tobias Madl
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cell Signaling, Metabolism and Aging, Division of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed-Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Andreas Prokesch
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cell Signaling, Metabolism and Aging, Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed-Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Michael Schupp
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Pharmacology, Max Rubner Center (MRC) for Cardiovascular-Metabolic-Renal Research, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tim J Schulz
- Department of Adipocyte Development and Nutrition, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke (DIfE), Nuthetal, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Nuthetal, Germany
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10
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Martino D, Schultz N, Kaur R, van Haren SD, Kresoje N, Hoch A, Diray-Arce J, Su JL, Levy O, Pichichero M. Respiratory infection- and asthma-prone, low vaccine responder children demonstrate distinct mononuclear cell DNA methylation pathways. Clin Epigenetics 2024; 16:85. [PMID: 38961479 PMCID: PMC11223352 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-024-01703-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Infants with frequent viral and bacterial respiratory infections exhibit compromised immunity to routine immunizations. They are also more likely to develop chronic respiratory diseases in later childhood. This study investigated the feasibility of epigenetic profiling to reveal endotype-specific molecular pathways with potential for early identification and immuno-modulation. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from respiratory infection allergy/asthma-prone (IAP) infants and non-infection allergy/asthma prone (NIAP) were retrospectively selected for genome-wide DNA methylation and single nucleotide polymorphism analysis. The IAP infants were enriched for the low vaccine responsiveness (LVR) phenotype (Fisher's exact p-value = 0.02). RESULTS An endotype signature of 813 differentially methylated regions (DMRs) comprising 238 lead CpG associations (FDR < 0.05) emerged, implicating pathways related to asthma, mucin production, antigen presentation and inflammasome activation. Allelic variation explained only a minor portion of this signature. Stimulation of mononuclear cells with monophosphoryl lipid A (MPL), a TLR agonist, partially reversed this signature at a subset of CpGs, suggesting the potential for epigenetic remodeling. CONCLUSIONS This proof-of-concept study establishes a foundation for precision endotyping of IAP children and highlights the potential for immune modulation strategies using adjuvants for future investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Martino
- Wal-Yan Respiratory Research Centre, Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia.
| | - Nikki Schultz
- Wal-Yan Respiratory Research Centre, Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Ravinder Kaur
- Centre for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Immunology, Research Institute, Rochester General Hospital, 1425 Portland Avenue, Rochester, NY, 14621, USA
| | - Simon D van Haren
- Precision Vaccines Program, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Ave, BCH 3104, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Nina Kresoje
- Wal-Yan Respiratory Research Centre, Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Annmarie Hoch
- Precision Vaccines Program, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Ave, BCH 3104, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Joann Diray-Arce
- Precision Vaccines Program, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Ave, BCH 3104, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Jessica Lasky Su
- Channing Division of Network Medicine and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Ofer Levy
- Precision Vaccines Program, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Ave, BCH 3104, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, 415 Main St, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Michael Pichichero
- Centre for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Immunology, Research Institute, Rochester General Hospital, 1425 Portland Avenue, Rochester, NY, 14621, USA
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11
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Aid J, Tanjeko AT, Serré J, Eggelbusch M, Noort W, de Wit GMJ, van Weeghel M, Puurand M, Tepp K, Gayan-Ramirez G, Degens H, Käämbre T, Wüst RCI. Smoking cessation only partially reverses cardiac metabolic and structural remodeling in mice. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2024; 240:e14145. [PMID: 38647279 DOI: 10.1111/apha.14145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
AIMS Active cigarette smoking is a major risk factor for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease that remains elevated after cessation. Skeletal muscle dysfunction has been well documented after smoking, but little is known about cardiac adaptations to cigarette smoking. The underlying cellular and molecular cardiac adaptations, independent of confounding lifestyle factors, and time course of reversibility by smoking cessation remain unclear. We hypothesized that smoking negatively affects cardiac metabolism and induces local inflammation in mice, which do not readily reverse upon 2-week smoking cessation. METHODS Mice were exposed to air or cigarette smoke for 14 weeks with or without 1- or 2-week smoke cessation. We measured cardiac mitochondrial respiration by high-resolution respirometry, cardiac mitochondrial density, abundance of mitochondrial supercomplexes by electrophoresis, and capillarization, fibrosis, and macrophage infiltration by immunohistology, and performed cardiac metabolome and lipidome analysis by mass spectrometry. RESULTS Mitochondrial protein, supercomplex content, and respiration (all p < 0.03) were lower after smoking, which were largely reversed within 2-week smoking cessation. Metabolome and lipidome analyses revealed alterations in mitochondrial metabolism, a shift from fatty acid to glucose metabolism, which did not revert to control upon smoking cessation. Capillary density was not different after smoking but increased after smoking cessation (p = 0.02). Macrophage infiltration and fibrosis (p < 0.04) were higher after smoking but did not revert to control upon smoking cessation. CONCLUSIONS While cigarette-impaired smoking-induced cardiac mitochondrial function was reversed by smoking cessation, the remaining fibrosis and macrophage infiltration may contribute to the increased risk of cardiovascular events after smoking cessation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jekaterina Aid
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Tallinn, Estonia
- Laboratory of Myology, Department of Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Behavioral and Movement Sciences, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ajime Tom Tanjeko
- Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery, Department of Chronic Diseases, and Metabolism, KU-Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Life Sciences, Institute of Sport, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK
| | - Jef Serré
- Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery, Department of Chronic Diseases, and Metabolism, KU-Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Moritz Eggelbusch
- Laboratory of Myology, Department of Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Behavioral and Movement Sciences, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Wendy Noort
- Laboratory of Myology, Department of Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Behavioral and Movement Sciences, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gerard M J de Wit
- Laboratory of Myology, Department of Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Behavioral and Movement Sciences, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Michel van Weeghel
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Core Facility Metabolomics, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marju Puurand
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Kersti Tepp
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Ghislaine Gayan-Ramirez
- Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery, Department of Chronic Diseases, and Metabolism, KU-Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Hans Degens
- Department of Life Sciences, Institute of Sport, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK
- Institute of Sport Science and Innovations, Lithuanian Sports University, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Tuuli Käämbre
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Rob C I Wüst
- Laboratory of Myology, Department of Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Behavioral and Movement Sciences, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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12
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Delgadillo-Velázquez J, Alday E, Aguirre-García MM, Canett-Romero R, Astiazaran-Garcia H. The association between the size of adipocyte-derived extracellular vesicles and fasting serum triglyceride-glucose index as proxy measures of adipose tissue insulin resistance in a rat model of early-stage obesity. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1387521. [PMID: 39010858 PMCID: PMC11247012 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1387521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Obesity is a complex disease that predisposes individuals to cardiometabolic alterations. It leads to adipose tissue (AT) dysfunction, which triggers insulin resistance (IR). This suggests that people with obesity develop local IR first and systemic IR later. AT secretes extracellular vesicles, which may be physiopathologically associated with the development of IR. Our aim was to evaluate the effect of a high-fat diet on different parameters of adiposity in a rat model of early-stage obesity and to determine if these parameters are associated with markers of systemic IR. In addition, we sought to explore the relationship between fasting blood measures of IR (Triglycerides/High Density Lipoprotein-cholesterol [TAG/HDL-c] and Triglycerides-Glucose Index [TyG Index]) with the size of adipocyte-derived extracellular vesicles (adEV). Methods We used a model of diet-induced obesity for ten weeks in Wistar rats exposed to a high-fat diet. Final weight gain was analyzed by Dual X-ray absorptiometry. Visceral obesity was measured as epididymal AT weight. IR was evaluated with fasting TyG Index & TAG/HDL-c, and adEV were isolated from mature adipocytes on ceiling culture. Results In the high-fat diet group, glucose and triglyceride blood concentrations were higher in comparison to the control group (Log2FC, 0.5 and 1.5 times higher, respectively). The values for TyG Index and adEV size were different between the control animals and the high-fat diet group. Multiple linear regression analyses showed that adEV size can be significantly associated with the TyG Index value, when controlling for epididymal AT weight. Conclusion Our results show that lipid and glucose metabolism, as well as the size and zeta potential of adEV are already altered in early-stage obesity and that adEV size can be significantly associated with liver and systemic IR, estimated by TyG Index.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Efrain Alday
- Departmento de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Universidad de Sonora, Hermosillo, Mexico
| | - María Magdalena Aguirre-García
- Laboratorio de Inmunología Molecular y Cardiopatías, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Unidad de Investigación UNAM-INC, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Rafael Canett-Romero
- Departamento de Investigación y Posgrado en Alimentos, Departamento de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Universidad de Sonora, Hermosillo, Mexico
| | - Humberto Astiazaran-Garcia
- Coordinación de Nutrición, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, Hermosillo, Mexico
- Departmento de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Universidad de Sonora, Hermosillo, Mexico
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13
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Clark JE. A small switch in perspective: Comparing weight loss by nutrient balance versus caloric balance. Biol Sport 2024; 41:177-189. [PMID: 38952898 PMCID: PMC11167477 DOI: 10.5114/biolsport.2024.133666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024] Open
Abstract
The establishment of a Caloric balance has been classically discussed as the means to induce weight loss. Recently, the idea of nutrient balance as opposed to Caloric balance has emerged as a better means to induce weight loss. This investigation compared differences in weight loss between a diet based on a nutrient balanced diet compared to a Caloric balance diet. 53 (27M/26F) active overfat individuals (30.7+/- 7.1 years) were randomly (matched for age, gender, training history) assigned within an 8-week intervention to follow either a self-selected diet (control) or a diet based on following a Caloric balance (%Cal/day) or a nutrient balance (g/kg/day) in conjunction with a periodized exercise regimen to determine effectiveness for each diet to induce weight loss. Nutrient balance group had significantly different changes (p < 0.05) in fat-free mass (2.26 (2.02, 2.49) kg versus 0.42 (-0.40, 1.24) kg) and fat mass (-5.96 (-5.34, -6.58) kg versus -4.08 (-3.92, -5.92) kg) relative to the Caloric balance group and was more effective at meeting nutritional requirements for protein (ES = 0.65 (0.48, 0.85)) and lipids (ES = 0.24 (-0.09, 0.98)) than the Caloric balance group. Nutrient balance was subjectively scored as easier to follow and more likely to be self-selected. Using a nutrient balance diet may be more effective at inducing beneficial body compositional changes and shows being a more self-selected dietary method when compared to a Caloric balance diet. Therefore, it may be a better choice for advice when offering treatments to those who are attempting to lose weight or maintain weight loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- James E. Clark
- Scientific Health: Education and Human Performance. Oakley, CA 94561, USA
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14
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Goossens C, Tambay V, Raymond VA, Rousseau L, Turcotte S, Bilodeau M. Impact of the delay in cryopreservation timing during biobanking procedures on human liver tissue metabolomics. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0304405. [PMID: 38857235 PMCID: PMC11164386 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0304405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The liver is a highly specialized organ involved in regulating systemic metabolism. Understanding metabolic reprogramming of liver disease is key in discovering clinical biomarkers, which relies on robust tissue biobanks. However, sample collection and storage procedures pose a threat to obtaining reliable results, as metabolic alterations may occur during sample handling. This study aimed to elucidate the impact of pre-analytical delay during liver resection surgery on liver tissue metabolomics. Patients were enrolled for liver resection during which normal tissue was collected and snap-frozen at three timepoints: before transection, after transection, and after analysis in Pathology. Metabolomics analyses were performed using 1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS). Time at cryopreservation was the principal variable contributing to differences between liver specimen metabolomes, which superseded even interindividual variability. NMR revealed global changes in the abundance of an array of metabolites, namely a decrease in most metabolites and an increase in β-glucose and lactate. LC-MS revealed that succinate, alanine, glutamine, arginine, leucine, glycerol-3-phosphate, lactate, AMP, glutathione, and NADP were enhanced during cryopreservation delay (all p<0.05), whereas aspartate, iso(citrate), ADP, and ATP, decreased (all p<0.05). Cryopreservation delays occurring during liver tissue biobanking significantly alter an array of metabolites. Indeed, such alterations compromise the integrity of metabolomic data from liver specimens, underlining the importance of standardized protocols for tissue biobanking in hepatology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corentine Goossens
- Laboratoire d’Hépatologie Cellulaire, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Vincent Tambay
- Laboratoire d’Hépatologie Cellulaire, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Valérie-Ann Raymond
- Laboratoire d’Hépatologie Cellulaire, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Louise Rousseau
- Biobanque et Base de Données Hépatopancréatobiliaire, Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Simon Turcotte
- Biobanque et Base de Données Hépatopancréatobiliaire, Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada
- Département de Chirurgie, Service de Transplantation Hépatique et de Chirurgie Hépatopancréatobiliaire, Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Marc Bilodeau
- Laboratoire d’Hépatologie Cellulaire, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada
- Département de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
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15
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Vieira-Lara MA, Bakker BM. The paradox of fatty-acid β-oxidation in muscle insulin resistance: Metabolic control and muscle heterogeneity. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:167172. [PMID: 38631409 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2024.167172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
The skeletal muscle is a metabolically heterogeneous tissue that plays a key role in maintaining whole-body glucose homeostasis. It is well known that muscle insulin resistance (IR) precedes the development of type 2 diabetes. There is a consensus that the accumulation of specific lipid species in the tissue can drive IR. However, the role of the mitochondrial fatty-acid β-oxidation in IR and, consequently, in the control of glucose uptake remains paradoxical: interventions that either inhibit or activate fatty-acid β-oxidation have been shown to prevent IR. We here discuss the current theories and evidence for the interplay between β-oxidation and glucose uptake in IR. To address the underlying intricacies, we (1) dive into the control of glucose uptake fluxes into muscle tissues using the framework of Metabolic Control Analysis, and (2) disentangle concepts of flux and catalytic capacities taking into account skeletal muscle heterogeneity. Finally, we speculate about hitherto unexplored mechanisms that could bring contrasting evidence together. Elucidating how β-oxidation is connected to muscle IR and the underlying role of muscle heterogeneity enhances disease understanding and paves the way for new treatments for type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel A Vieira-Lara
- Laboratory of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Barbara M Bakker
- Laboratory of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
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16
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Chodur GM, Steinberg FM. Human MicroRNAs Modulated by Diet: A Scoping Review. Adv Nutr 2024; 15:100241. [PMID: 38734078 PMCID: PMC11150912 DOI: 10.1016/j.advnut.2024.100241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Because of their role in regulating and fine-tuning gene expression in the posttranscriptional period, microRNA (miRNA) may represent a mediating factor that connects diet and metabolic regulation. Given the vast number of miRNAs and that modulations in miRNA happen in response to a variety of stimuli, a comprehensive registry of miRNAs impacted by diet and the food items that modulate them, would have utility in the identification of miRNA complements for analysis of diet interventions and in helping to establish linkages between the specific impacts of diet components. A scoping literature search of online databases (PubMed, SCOPUS, EMBASE, and Web of Science) was performed. Only studies in human populations, those that used a diet intervention or meal challenge, and those that measured miRNA profiles in the same subject at multiple time points were included. Of the 6167 studies screened, only 25 met the study criteria and were included in the review. Seven studies examined miRNA following a meal challenge, whereas 18 investigated miRNA following a sustained diet intervention. The results demonstrated that miRNA are modulated following a variety of diet interventions and that intensity of miRNA response is greater in metabolically healthy subjects. Heterogeneity in the intensity and length of the diet intervention, the study populations being observed, and the methodology through which target miRNA are identified contribute to a lack of comparability across studies. The findings of this review highlight the need for more study of miRNA responsiveness to intake and provide recommendations for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gwen M Chodur
- Department of Nutrition, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Francene M Steinberg
- Department of Nutrition, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA, United States.
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17
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Kleis-Olsen AS, Farlov JE, Petersen EA, Schmücker M, Flensted-Jensen M, Blom I, Ingersen A, Hansen M, Helge JW, Dela F, Larsen S. Metabolic flexibility in postmenopausal women: Hormone replacement therapy is associated with higher mitochondrial content, respiratory capacity, and lower total fat mass. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2024; 240:e14117. [PMID: 38404156 DOI: 10.1111/apha.14117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
AIM To investigate effects of hormone replacement therapy in postmenopausal women on factors associated with metabolic flexibility related to whole-body parameters including fat oxidation, resting energy expenditure, body composition and plasma concentrations of fatty acids, glucose, insulin, cortisol, and lipids, and for the mitochondrial level, including mitochondrial content, respiratory capacity, efficiency, and hydrogen peroxide emission. METHODS 22 postmenopausal women were included. 11 were undergoing estradiol and progestin treatment (HT), and 11 were matched non-treated controls (CONT). Peak oxygen consumption, maximal fat oxidation, glycated hemoglobin, body composition, and resting energy expenditure were measured. Blood samples were collected at rest and during 45 min of ergometer exercise (65% VO2peak). Muscle biopsies were obtained at rest and immediately post-exercise. Mitochondrial respiratory capacity, efficiency, and hydrogen peroxide emission in permeabilized fibers and isolated mitochondria were measured, and citrate synthase (CS) and 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase (HAD) activity were assessed. RESULTS HT showed higher absolute mitochondrial respiratory capacity and post-exercise hydrogen peroxide emission in permeabilized fibers and higher CS and HAD activities. All respiration normalized to CS activity showed no significant group differences in permeabilized fibers or isolated mitochondria. There were no differences in resting energy expenditure, maximal, and resting fat oxidation or plasma markers. HT had significantly lower visceral and total fat mass compared to CONT. CONCLUSION Use of hormone therapy is associated with higher mitochondrial content and respiratory capacity and a lower visceral and total fat mass. Resting energy expenditure and fat oxidation did not differ between HT and CONT.
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Affiliation(s)
- A S Kleis-Olsen
- Xlab, Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - J E Farlov
- Xlab, Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - E A Petersen
- Xlab, Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - M Schmücker
- Xlab, Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - M Flensted-Jensen
- Xlab, Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - I Blom
- Xlab, Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - A Ingersen
- Xlab, Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - M Hansen
- Department of Public Health, Section of Sport Science, Aarhus University, Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - J W Helge
- Xlab, Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - F Dela
- Xlab, Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Geriatrics, Bispebjerg-Frederiksberg University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Human Physiology and Biochemistry, Riga Stradiņš University, Riga, Latvia
| | - S Larsen
- Xlab, Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
- Institute of Sports Medicine Copenhagen, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark
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18
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Yang Z, Chen F, Zhang Y, Ou M, Tan P, Xu X, Li Q, Zhou S. Therapeutic targeting of white adipose tissue metabolic dysfunction in obesity: mechanisms and opportunities. MedComm (Beijing) 2024; 5:e560. [PMID: 38812572 PMCID: PMC11134193 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
White adipose tissue is not only a highly heterogeneous organ containing various cells, such as adipocytes, adipose stem and progenitor cells, and immune cells, but also an endocrine organ that is highly important for regulating metabolic and immune homeostasis. In individuals with obesity, dynamic cellular changes in adipose tissue result in phenotypic switching and adipose tissue dysfunction, including pathological expansion, WAT fibrosis, immune cell infiltration, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and ectopic lipid accumulation, ultimately leading to chronic low-grade inflammation and insulin resistance. Recently, many distinct subpopulations of adipose tissue have been identified, providing new insights into the potential mechanisms of adipose dysfunction in individuals with obesity. Therefore, targeting white adipose tissue as a therapeutic agent for treating obesity and obesity-related metabolic diseases is of great scientific interest. Here, we provide an overview of white adipose tissue remodeling in individuals with obesity including cellular changes and discuss the underlying regulatory mechanisms of white adipose tissue metabolic dysfunction. Currently, various studies have uncovered promising targets and strategies for obesity treatment. We also outline the potential therapeutic signaling pathways of targeting adipose tissue and summarize existing therapeutic strategies for antiobesity treatment including pharmacological approaches, lifestyle interventions, and novel therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi‐Han Yang
- Department of Plastic and Burn SurgeryWest China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
- Department of Plastic & Reconstructive SurgeryShanghai Ninth People's HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Fang‐Zhou Chen
- Department of Plastic & Reconstructive SurgeryShanghai Ninth People's HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Yi‐Xiang Zhang
- Department of Plastic & Reconstructive SurgeryShanghai Ninth People's HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Min‐Yi Ou
- Department of Plastic & Reconstructive SurgeryShanghai Ninth People's HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Poh‐Ching Tan
- Department of Plastic & Reconstructive SurgeryShanghai Ninth People's HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Xue‐Wen Xu
- Department of Plastic and Burn SurgeryWest China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Qing‐Feng Li
- Department of Plastic & Reconstructive SurgeryShanghai Ninth People's HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Shuang‐Bai Zhou
- Department of Plastic & Reconstructive SurgeryShanghai Ninth People's HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
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19
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Parlakgül G, Pang S, Artico LL, Min N, Cagampan E, Villa R, Goncalves RLS, Lee GY, Xu CS, Hotamışlıgil GS, Arruda AP. Spatial mapping of hepatic ER and mitochondria architecture reveals zonated remodeling in fasting and obesity. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3982. [PMID: 38729945 PMCID: PMC11087507 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48272-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The hepatocytes within the liver present an immense capacity to adapt to changes in nutrient availability. Here, by using high resolution volume electron microscopy, we map how hepatic subcellular spatial organization is regulated during nutritional fluctuations and as a function of liver zonation. We identify that fasting leads to remodeling of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) architecture in hepatocytes, characterized by the induction of single rough ER sheet around the mitochondria, which becomes larger and flatter. These alterations are enriched in periportal and mid-lobular hepatocytes but not in pericentral hepatocytes. Gain- and loss-of-function in vivo models demonstrate that the Ribosome receptor binding protein1 (RRBP1) is required to enable fasting-induced ER sheet-mitochondria interactions and to regulate hepatic fatty acid oxidation. Endogenous RRBP1 is enriched around periportal and mid-lobular regions of the liver. In obesity, ER-mitochondria interactions are distinct and fasting fails to induce rough ER sheet-mitochondrion interactions. These findings illustrate the importance of a regulated molecular architecture for hepatocyte metabolic flexibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Güneş Parlakgül
- Department of Molecular Metabolism and Sabri Ülker Center, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Song Pang
- HHMI Janelia Research Campus, Ashburn, VA, USA
- Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Leonardo L Artico
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Nina Min
- Department of Molecular Metabolism and Sabri Ülker Center, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Erika Cagampan
- Department of Molecular Metabolism and Sabri Ülker Center, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Reyna Villa
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Renata L S Goncalves
- Department of Molecular Metabolism and Sabri Ülker Center, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Grace Yankun Lee
- Department of Molecular Metabolism and Sabri Ülker Center, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - C Shan Xu
- HHMI Janelia Research Campus, Ashburn, VA, USA
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Gökhan S Hotamışlıgil
- Department of Molecular Metabolism and Sabri Ülker Center, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
| | - Ana Paula Arruda
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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20
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Szántó M, Yélamos J, Bai P. Specific and shared biological functions of PARP2 - is PARP2 really a lil' brother of PARP1? Expert Rev Mol Med 2024; 26:e13. [PMID: 38698556 PMCID: PMC11140550 DOI: 10.1017/erm.2024.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
PARP2, that belongs to the family of ADP-ribosyl transferase enzymes (ART), is a discovery of the millennium, as it was identified in 1999. Although PARP2 was described initially as a DNA repair factor, it is now evident that PARP2 partakes in the regulation or execution of multiple biological processes as inflammation, carcinogenesis and cancer progression, metabolism or oxidative stress-related diseases. Hereby, we review the involvement of PARP2 in these processes with the aim of understanding which processes are specific for PARP2, but not for other members of the ART family. A better understanding of the specific functions of PARP2 in all of these biological processes is crucial for the development of new PARP-centred selective therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdolna Szántó
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary
| | - José Yélamos
- Hospital del Mar Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Péter Bai
- HUN-REN-UD Cell Biology and Signaling Research Group, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary
- MTA-DE Lendület Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen 4032, Hungary
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21
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Sheeter DA, Garza S, Park HG, Benhamou LRE, Badi NR, Espinosa EC, Kothapalli KSD, Brenna JT, Powers JT. Unsaturated Fatty Acid Synthesis Is Associated with Worse Survival and Is Differentially Regulated by MYCN and Tumor Suppressor microRNAs in Neuroblastoma. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1590. [PMID: 38672672 PMCID: PMC11048984 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16081590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
MYCN amplification (MNA) and disruption of tumor suppressor microRNA (TSmiR) function are key drivers of poor outcomes in neuroblastoma (NB). While MYCN and TSmiRs regulate glucose metabolism, their role in de novo fatty acid synthesis (FAS) and unsaturated FAS (UFAS) remains poorly understood. Here, we show that FAS and UFAS (U/FAS) genes FASN, ELOVL6, SCD, FADS2, and FADS1 are upregulated in high-risk (HR) NB and that their expression is associated with lower overall survival. RNA-Seq analysis of human NB cell lines revealed parallel U/FAS gene expression patterns. Consistent with this, we found that NB-related TSmiRs were predicted to target these genes extensively. We further observed that both MYC and MYCN upregulated U/FAS pathway genes while suppressing TSmiR host gene expression, suggesting a possible U/FAS regulatory network between MYCN and TSmiRs in NB. NB cells are high in de novo synthesized omega 9 (ω9) unsaturated fatty acids and low in both ω6 and ω3, suggesting a means for NB to limit cell-autonomous immune stimulation and reactive oxygen species (ROS)-driven apoptosis from ω6 and ω3 unsaturated fatty acid derivatives, respectively. We propose a model in which MYCN and TSmiRs regulate U/FAS and play an important role in NB pathology, with implications for other MYC family-driven cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis A. Sheeter
- Department of Pediatrics, Dell Pediatric Research Institute, Dell Medical School at The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78723, USA; (D.A.S.); (H.G.P.); (L.-R.E.B.); (N.R.B.); (E.C.E.)
| | - Secilia Garza
- Department of Chemistry, Dell Pediatric Research Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78723, USA;
| | - Hui Gyu Park
- Department of Pediatrics, Dell Pediatric Research Institute, Dell Medical School at The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78723, USA; (D.A.S.); (H.G.P.); (L.-R.E.B.); (N.R.B.); (E.C.E.)
| | - Lorraine-Rana E. Benhamou
- Department of Pediatrics, Dell Pediatric Research Institute, Dell Medical School at The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78723, USA; (D.A.S.); (H.G.P.); (L.-R.E.B.); (N.R.B.); (E.C.E.)
| | - Niharika R. Badi
- Department of Pediatrics, Dell Pediatric Research Institute, Dell Medical School at The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78723, USA; (D.A.S.); (H.G.P.); (L.-R.E.B.); (N.R.B.); (E.C.E.)
| | - Erika C. Espinosa
- Department of Pediatrics, Dell Pediatric Research Institute, Dell Medical School at The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78723, USA; (D.A.S.); (H.G.P.); (L.-R.E.B.); (N.R.B.); (E.C.E.)
| | - Kumar S. D. Kothapalli
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA;
| | - J. Thomas Brenna
- Department of Pediatrics, Dell Pediatric Research Institute, Dell Medical School at The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78723, USA; (D.A.S.); (H.G.P.); (L.-R.E.B.); (N.R.B.); (E.C.E.)
- Department of Chemistry, Dell Pediatric Research Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78723, USA;
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA;
| | - John T. Powers
- Department of Pediatrics, Dell Pediatric Research Institute, Dell Medical School at The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78723, USA; (D.A.S.); (H.G.P.); (L.-R.E.B.); (N.R.B.); (E.C.E.)
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
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22
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Khochare SD, Li X, Yang X, Shi Y, Feng G, Ruchhoeft P, Shih WC, Shan X. Functional Plasmonic Microscope: Characterizing the Metabolic Activity of Single Cells via Sub-nm Membrane Fluctuations. Anal Chem 2024; 96:5771-5780. [PMID: 38563229 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c04301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Metabolic abnormalities are at the center of many diseases, and the capability to film and quantify the metabolic activities of a single cell is important for understanding the heterogeneities in these abnormalities. In this paper, a functional plasmonic microscope (FPM) is used to image and measure metabolic activities without fluorescent labels at a single-cell level. The FPM can accurately image and quantify the subnanometer membrane fluctuations with a spatial resolution of 0.5 μm in real time. These active cell membrane fluctuations are caused by metabolic activities across the cell membrane. A three-dimensional (3D) morphology of the bottom cell membrane was imaged and reconstructed with FPM to illustrate the capability of the microscope for cell membrane characterization. Then, the subnanometer cell membrane fluctuations of single cells were imaged and quantified with the FPM using HeLa cells. Cell metabolic heterogeneity is analyzed based on membrane fluctuations of each individual cell that is exposed to similar environmental conditions. In addition, we demonstrated that the FPM could be used to evaluate the therapeutic responses of metabolic inhibitors (glycolysis pathway inhibitor STF 31) on a single-cell level. The result showed that the metabolic activities significantly decrease over time, but the nature of this response varies, depicting cell heterogeneity. A low-concentration dose showed a reduced fluctuation frequency with consistent fluctuation amplitudes, while the high-concentration dose showcased a decreasing trend in both cases. These results have demonstrated the capabilities of the functional plasmonic microscope to measure and quantify metabolic activities for drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suraj D Khochare
- Advanced Imaging and Sensing Lab, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, United States
| | - Xiaoliang Li
- Advanced Imaging and Sensing Lab, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, United States
| | - Xu Yang
- Advanced Imaging and Sensing Lab, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, United States
| | - Yaping Shi
- Advanced Imaging and Sensing Lab, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, United States
| | - Guangxia Feng
- Advanced Imaging and Sensing Lab, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, United States
| | - Paul Ruchhoeft
- Advanced Imaging and Sensing Lab, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, United States
| | - Wei-Chuan Shih
- Advanced Imaging and Sensing Lab, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, United States
| | - Xiaonan Shan
- Advanced Imaging and Sensing Lab, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, United States
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23
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Martino D, Schultz N, Kaur R, Haren SD, Kresoje N, Hoch A, Diray-Arce J, Lasky Su J, Levy O, Pichichero M. Respiratory Infection- and Asthma-prone, Low Vaccine Responder Children Demonstrate Distinct Mononuclear Cell DNA Methylation Pathways. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-4160354. [PMID: 38645021 PMCID: PMC11030504 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4160354/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Background Infants with frequent viral and bacterial respiratory infections exhibit compromised immunity to routine immunisations. They are also more likely to develop chronic respiratory diseases in later childhood. This study investigated the feasibility of epigenetic profiling to reveal endotype-specific molecular pathways with potential for early identification and immuno-modulation. Peripharal immune cells from respiratory infection allergy/asthma prone (IAP) infants were retrospectively selected for genome-wide DNA methylation and single nucleotide polymorphism analysis. The IAP infants were enriched for the low vaccine responsiveness (LVR) phenotype (Fishers Exact p-value = 0.01). Results An endotype signature of 813 differentially methylated regions (DMRs) comprising 238 lead CpG associations (FDR < 0.05) emerged, implicating pathways related to asthma, mucin production, antigen presentation and inflammasome activation. Allelic variation explained only a minor portion of this signature. Stimulation of mononuclear cells with monophosphoryl lipid A (MPLA), a TLR agonist, partially reversing this signature at a subset of CpGs, suggesting the potential for epigenetic remodelling. Conclusions This proof-of-concept study establishes a foundation for precision endotyping of IAP children and highlights the potential for immune modulation strategies using adjuvants for furture investigation.
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24
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McMullen E, Strych L, Chodakova L, Krebs A, Dolezal T. JAK/STAT mediated insulin resistance in muscles is essential for effective immune response. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:203. [PMID: 38566182 PMCID: PMC10986132 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-024-01575-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The metabolically demanding nature of immune response requires nutrients to be preferentially directed towards the immune system at the expense of peripheral tissues. We study the mechanisms by which this metabolic reprograming occurs using the parasitoid infection of Drosophila larvae. To overcome such an immune challenge hemocytes differentiate into lamellocytes, which encapsulate and melanize the parasitoid egg. Hemocytes acquire the energy for this process by expressing JAK/STAT ligands upd2 and upd3, which activates JAK/STAT signaling in muscles and redirects carbohydrates away from muscles in favor of immune cells. METHODS Immune response of Drosophila larvae was induced by parasitoid wasp infestation. Carbohydrate levels, larval locomotion and gene expression of key proteins were compared between control and infected animals. Efficacy of lamellocyte production and resistance to wasp infection was observed for RNAi and mutant animals. RESULTS Absence of upd/JAK/STAT signaling leads to an impaired immune response and increased mortality. We demonstrate how JAK/STAT signaling in muscles leads to suppression of insulin signaling through activation of ImpL2, the inhibitor of Drosophila insulin like peptides. CONCLUSIONS Our findings reveal cross-talk between immune cells and muscles mediates a metabolic shift, redirecting carbohydrates towards immune cells. We emphasize the crucial function of muscles during immune response and show the benefits of insulin resistance as an adaptive mechanism that is necessary for survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen McMullen
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czechia.
| | - Lukas Strych
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czechia
| | - Lenka Chodakova
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czechia
| | - Amber Krebs
- Institute of Neuro- and Behavioral Biology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Tomas Dolezal
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czechia.
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25
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Juškevičiūtė E, Neuberger E, Eimantas N, Venckunas T, Kamandulis S, Simon P, Brazaitis M. Three-week sprint interval training (SIT) reduces cell-free DNA and low-frequency fatigue but does not induce VO2max improvement in older men. Eur J Appl Physiol 2024; 124:1297-1309. [PMID: 38015284 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-023-05366-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate the impact of sprint interval training (SIT) on both the acute and 3-week modulations of cell-free DNA (cfDNA), as well as its association with neuromuscular fatigue and physical performance in healthy young and old men. METHODS Ten young (20-25 year old) and nine elderly (63-72 year old) healthy men performed nine SIT sessions consisting of 4-to-6-all-out cycling repetitions of 30 s interspaced with 4-min rest intervals. We compared the maximal voluntary contractions torque, central activation ratio, low-frequency fatigue (LFF), and cfDNA concentrations between the groups before, immediately after, 1 h after, and 24 h after the first and ninth SIT sessions. RESULTS The plasma cfDNA levels were increased post-exercise (from 1.4 ± 0.258 to 1.91 ± 0.278 ng/ml (P < 0.01) on a log10 scale), without significant differences between the groups. However, older individuals showed a slight decrease in the baseline cfDNA values, from 1.39 ± 0.176 to 1.29 ± 0.085 ng/ml on a log10 scale, after 3 weeks (P = 0.043). Importantly, the elevation of the post-exercise cfDNA values was correlated with an increase in LFF in both groups. Three weeks of SIT induced an improvement in the recovery of LFF (main session effect, P = 0.0029); however, only the young group showed an increase in aerobic capacity (VO2max) (from 40.8 ± 6.74 to 43.0 ± 5.80 ml/kg/min, P = 0.0039). CONCLUSION Three weeks of SIT diminished the baseline cfDNA values in the old group, together with an improvement in the recovery of LFF. However, VO2max was increased only in the young group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ema Juškevičiūtė
- Institute of Sport Science and Innovations, Lithuanian Sports University, Kaunas, Lithuania.
- Department of Sports Medicine, Prevention and Rehabilitation, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
| | - Elmo Neuberger
- Department of Sports Medicine, Prevention and Rehabilitation, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Nerijus Eimantas
- Institute of Sport Science and Innovations, Lithuanian Sports University, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Tomas Venckunas
- Institute of Sport Science and Innovations, Lithuanian Sports University, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Sigitas Kamandulis
- Institute of Sport Science and Innovations, Lithuanian Sports University, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Perikles Simon
- Department of Sports Medicine, Prevention and Rehabilitation, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Marius Brazaitis
- Institute of Sport Science and Innovations, Lithuanian Sports University, Kaunas, Lithuania.
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26
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Franczak E, Maurer A, Drummond VC, Kugler BA, Wells E, Wenger M, Peelor FF, Crosswhite A, McCoin CS, Koch LG, Britton SL, Miller BF, Thyfault JP. Divergence in aerobic capacity and energy expenditure influence metabolic tissue mitochondrial protein synthesis rates in aged rats. GeroScience 2024; 46:2207-2222. [PMID: 37880490 PMCID: PMC10828174 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-023-00985-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Age-associated declines in aerobic capacity promote the development of various metabolic diseases. In rats selectively bred for high/low intrinsic aerobic capacity, greater aerobic capacity reduces susceptibility to metabolic disease while increasing longevity. However, little remains known how intrinsic aerobic capacity protects against metabolic disease, particularly with aging. Here, we tested the effects of aging and intrinsic aerobic capacity on systemic energy expenditure, metabolic flexibility and mitochondrial protein synthesis rates using 24-month-old low-capacity (LCR) or high-capacity runner (HCR) rats. Rats were fed low-fat diet (LFD) or high-fat diet (HFD) for eight weeks, with energy expenditure (EE) and metabolic flexibility assessed utilizing indirect calorimetry during a 48 h fast/re-feeding metabolic challenge. Deuterium oxide (D2O) labeling was used to assess mitochondrial protein fraction synthesis rates (FSR) over a 7-day period. HCR rats possessed greater EE during the metabolic challenge. Interestingly, HFD induced changes in respiratory exchange ratio (RER) in male and female rats, while HCR female rat RER was largely unaffected by diet. In addition, analysis of protein FSR in skeletal muscle, brain, and liver mitochondria showed tissue-specific adaptations between HCR and LCR rats. While brain and liver protein FSR were altered by aerobic capacity and diet, these effects were less apparent in skeletal muscle. Overall, we provide evidence that greater aerobic capacity promotes elevated EE in an aged state, while also regulating metabolic flexibility in a sex-dependent manner. Modulation of mitochondrial protein FSR by aerobic capacity is tissue-specific with aging, likely due to differential energetic requirements by each tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edziu Franczak
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Medical Center, The University of Kansas, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA
- Kansas City Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Kansas City, MO, 64128, USA
| | - Adrianna Maurer
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Medical Center, The University of Kansas, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA
| | - Vivien Csikos Drummond
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Medical Center, The University of Kansas, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA
| | - Benjamin A Kugler
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Medical Center, The University of Kansas, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA
- Kansas Center for Metabolism and Obesity Research, Kansas City, MO, 64128, USA
- KU Diabetes Institute and Department of Internal Medicine-Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Hemenway Life Sciences Innovation Center, Mailstop 3043, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA
| | - Emily Wells
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Medical Center, The University of Kansas, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA
| | - Madi Wenger
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Medical Center, The University of Kansas, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA
- Kansas Center for Metabolism and Obesity Research, Kansas City, MO, 64128, USA
- KU Diabetes Institute and Department of Internal Medicine-Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Hemenway Life Sciences Innovation Center, Mailstop 3043, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA
| | | | - Abby Crosswhite
- Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
| | - Colin S McCoin
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Medical Center, The University of Kansas, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA
- Kansas City Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Kansas City, MO, 64128, USA
- Kansas Center for Metabolism and Obesity Research, Kansas City, MO, 64128, USA
- KU Diabetes Institute and Department of Internal Medicine-Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Hemenway Life Sciences Innovation Center, Mailstop 3043, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA
| | - Lauren G Koch
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, The University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH, 43606, USA
| | - Steven L Britton
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Benjamin F Miller
- KU Diabetes Institute and Department of Internal Medicine-Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Hemenway Life Sciences Innovation Center, Mailstop 3043, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA
| | - John P Thyfault
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Medical Center, The University of Kansas, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA.
- Kansas City Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Kansas City, MO, 64128, USA.
- Kansas Center for Metabolism and Obesity Research, Kansas City, MO, 64128, USA.
- KU Diabetes Institute and Department of Internal Medicine-Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Hemenway Life Sciences Innovation Center, Mailstop 3043, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA.
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Yeshurun S, Cramer T, Souroujon D, Mor M. The Association of Macronutrient Consumption and BMI to Exhaled Carbon Dioxide in Lumen Users: Retrospective Real-World Study. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2024; 12:e56083. [PMID: 38439744 PMCID: PMC11019421 DOI: 10.2196/56083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic flexibility is the ability of the body to rapidly switch between fuel sources based on their accessibility and metabolic requirements. High metabolic flexibility is associated with improved health outcomes and a reduced risk of several metabolic disorders. Metabolic flexibility can be improved through lifestyle changes, such as increasing physical activity and eating a balanced macronutrient diet. Lumen is a small handheld device that measures metabolic fuel usage through exhaled carbon dioxide (CO2), which allows individuals to monitor their metabolic flexibility and make lifestyle changes to enhance it. OBJECTIVE This retrospective study aims to examine the postprandial CO2 response to meals logged by Lumen users and its relationship with macronutrient intake and BMI. METHODS We analyzed deidentified data from 2607 Lumen users who logged their meals and measured their exhaled CO2 before and after those meals between May 1, 2023, and October 18, 2023. A linear mixed model was fitted to test the association between macronutrient consumption, BMI, age, and gender to the postprandial CO2 response, followed by a 2-way ANOVA. RESULTS The model demonstrated significant associations (P<.001) between CO2 response after meals and both BMI and carbohydrate intake (BMI: β=-0.112, 95% CI -0.156 to -0.069; carbohydrates: β=0.046, 95% CI 0.034-0.058). In addition, a 2-way ANOVA revealed that higher carbohydrate intake resulted in a higher CO2 response compared to low carbohydrate intake (F2,2569=24.23; P<.001), and users with high BMI showed modest responses to meals compared with low BMI (F2,2569=5.88; P=.003). CONCLUSIONS In this study, we show that Lumen's CO2 response is influenced both by macronutrient consumption and BMI. The results of this study highlight a distinct pattern of reduced metabolic flexibility in users with obesity, indicating the value of Lumen for assessing postprandial metabolic flexibility.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Daniel Souroujon
- Metaflow Ltd, Tel-Aviv, Israel
- School of Public Health, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
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Welhaven HD, Welfley AH, Brahmachary P, Bergstrom AR, Houske E, Glimm M, Bothner B, Hahn AK, June RK. Metabolomic Profiles and Pathways in Osteoarthritic Human Cartilage: A Comparative Analysis with Healthy Cartilage. Metabolites 2024; 14:183. [PMID: 38668311 PMCID: PMC11051929 DOI: 10.3390/metabo14040183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic joint disease with heterogenous metabolic pathology. To gain insight into OA-related metabolism, metabolite extracts from healthy (n = 11) and end-stage osteoarthritic cartilage (n = 35) were analyzed using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry metabolomic profiling. Specific metabolites and metabolic pathways, including lipid and amino acid pathways, were differentially regulated in osteoarthritis-derived and healthy cartilage. The detected alterations in amino acids and lipids highlighted key differences in bioenergetic resources, matrix homeostasis, and mitochondrial alterations in OA-derived cartilage compared to healthy cartilage. Moreover, the metabolomic profiles of osteoarthritic cartilage separated into four distinct endotypes, highlighting the heterogenous nature of OA metabolism and the diverse landscape within the joint in patients. The results of this study demonstrate that human cartilage has distinct metabolomic profiles in healthy and end-stage OA patients. By taking a comprehensive approach to assess metabolic differences between healthy and osteoarthritic cartilage and within osteoarthritic cartilage alone, several metabolic pathways with distinct regulation patterns were detected. Additional investigation may lead to the identification of metabolites that may serve as valuable indicators of disease status or potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hope D. Welhaven
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA
| | - Avery H. Welfley
- Department of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA
| | - Priyanka Brahmachary
- Department of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA
| | - Annika R. Bergstrom
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Villanova University, Villanova, PA 19085, USA
| | - Eden Houske
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Carroll College, Helena, MT 59625, USA
| | - Matthew Glimm
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Carroll College, Helena, MT 59625, USA
| | - Brian Bothner
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA
| | - Alyssa K. Hahn
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Carroll College, Helena, MT 59625, USA
| | - Ronald K. June
- Department of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA
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Hunter-Manseau F, Cormier SB, Strang R, Pichaud N. Fasting as a precursor to high-fat diet enhances mitochondrial resilience in Drosophila melanogaster. INSECT SCIENCE 2024. [PMID: 38514255 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.13355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Changes in diet type and nutrient availability can impose significant environmental stress on organisms, potentially compromising physiological functions and reproductive success. In nature, dramatic fluctuations in dietary resources are often observed and adjustments to restore cellular homeostasis are crucial to survive this type of stress. In this study, we exposed male Drosophila melanogaster to two modulated dietary treatments: one without a fasting period before exposure to a high-fat diet and the other with a 24-h fasting period. We then investigated mitochondrial metabolism and molecular responses to these treatments. Exposure to a high-fat diet without a preceding fasting period resulted in disrupted mitochondrial respiration, notably at the level of complex I. On the other hand, a short fasting period before the high-fat diet maintained mitochondrial respiration. Generally, transcript abundance of genes associated with mitophagy, heat-shock proteins, mitochondrial biogenesis, and nutrient sensing pathways increased either slightly or significantly following a fasting period and remained stable when flies were subsequently put on a high-fat diet, whereas a drastic decrease of almost all transcript abundances was observed for all these pathways when flies were exposed directly to a high-fat diet. Moreover, mitochondrial enzymatic activities showed less variation after the fasting period than the treatment without a fasting period. Overall, our study sheds light on the mechanistic protective effects of fasting prior to a high-fat diet and highlights the metabolic flexibility of Drosophila mitochondria in response to abrupt dietary changes and have implication for adaptation of species to their changing environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florence Hunter-Manseau
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Université de Moncton, Moncton, New Brunswick, Canada
- New Brunswick Centre for Precision Medicine, Moncton, New Brunswick, Canada
| | - Simon B Cormier
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Université de Moncton, Moncton, New Brunswick, Canada
- New Brunswick Centre for Precision Medicine, Moncton, New Brunswick, Canada
| | - Rebekah Strang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Université de Moncton, Moncton, New Brunswick, Canada
- New Brunswick Centre for Precision Medicine, Moncton, New Brunswick, Canada
| | - Nicolas Pichaud
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Université de Moncton, Moncton, New Brunswick, Canada
- New Brunswick Centre for Precision Medicine, Moncton, New Brunswick, Canada
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Hernández-Saavedra D, Hinkley JM, Baer LA, Pinckard KM, Vidal P, Nirengi S, Brennan AM, Chen EY, Narain NR, Bussberg V, Tolstikov VV, Kiebish MA, Markunas C, Ilkayeva O, Goodpaster BH, Newgard CB, Goodyear LJ, Coen PM, Stanford KI. Chronic exercise improves hepatic acylcarnitine handling. iScience 2024; 27:109083. [PMID: 38361627 PMCID: PMC10867450 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Exercise mediates tissue metabolic function through direct and indirect adaptations to acylcarnitine (AC) metabolism, but the exact mechanisms are unclear. We found that circulating medium-chain acylcarnitines (AC) (C12-C16) are lower in active/endurance trained human subjects compared to sedentary controls, and this is correlated with elevated cardiorespiratory fitness and reduced adiposity. In mice, exercise reduced serum AC and increased liver AC, and this was accompanied by a marked increase in expression of genes involved in hepatic AC metabolism and mitochondrial β-oxidation. Primary hepatocytes from high-fat fed, exercise trained mice had increased basal respiration compared to hepatocytes from high-fat fed sedentary mice, which may be attributed to increased Ca2+ cycling and lipid uptake into mitochondria. The addition of specific medium- and long-chain AC to sedentary hepatocytes increased mitochondrial respiration, mirroring the exercise phenotype. These data indicate that AC redistribution is an exercise-induced mechanism to improve hepatic function and metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Hernández-Saavedra
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute; Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - J. Matthew Hinkley
- AdventHealth Translational Research Institute, AdventHealth, Orlando, FL 32804, USA
| | - Lisa A. Baer
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute; Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Kelsey M. Pinckard
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute; Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Pablo Vidal
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute; Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Shinsuke Nirengi
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute; Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Andrea M. Brennan
- AdventHealth Translational Research Institute, AdventHealth, Orlando, FL 32804, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Christina Markunas
- Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center and Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Departments of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology and Medicine, Durham, NC 27701, USA
| | - Olga Ilkayeva
- Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center and Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Departments of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology and Medicine, Durham, NC 27701, USA
| | - Bret H. Goodpaster
- AdventHealth Translational Research Institute, AdventHealth, Orlando, FL 32804, USA
| | - Christopher B. Newgard
- Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center and Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Departments of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology and Medicine, Durham, NC 27701, USA
| | - Laurie J. Goodyear
- Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Paul M. Coen
- AdventHealth Translational Research Institute, AdventHealth, Orlando, FL 32804, USA
| | - Kristin I. Stanford
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute; Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
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Brath MSG, Alsted SD, Sahakyan M, Mark EB, Frøkjær JB, Rasmussen HH, Østergaard LR, Christensen RB, Weinreich UM. Association between the Static and Dynamic Lung Function and CT-Derived Thoracic Skeletal Muscle Measurements-A Retrospective Analysis of a 12-Month Observational Follow-Up Pilot Study. Adv Respir Med 2024; 92:123-144. [PMID: 38525774 PMCID: PMC10961694 DOI: 10.3390/arm92020015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) with low skeletal muscle mass and severe airway obstruction have higher mortality risks. However, the relationship between dynamic/static lung function (LF) and thoracic skeletal muscle measurements (SMM) remains unclear. This study explored patient characteristics (weight, BMI, exacerbations, dynamic/static LF, sex differences in LF and SMM, and the link between LF and SMM changes. METHODS A retrospective analysis of a 12-month prospective follow-up study patients with stable COPD undergoing standardized treatment, covering mild to severe stages, was conducted. The baseline and follow-up assessments included computed tomography and body plethysmography. RESULTS This study included 35 patients (17 females and 18 males). This study revealed that females had more stable LF but tended to have greater declines in SMM areas and indices than males (-5.4% vs. -1.9%, respectively), despite the fact that females were younger and had higher LF and less exacerbation than males. A multivariate linear regression showed a negative association between the inspiratory capacity/total lung capacity ratio (IC/TLC) and muscle fat area. CONCLUSIONS The findings suggest distinct LF and BC progression patterns between male and female patients with COPD. A low IC/TLC ratio may predict increased muscle fat. Further studies are necessary to understand these relationships better.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mia Solholt Godthaab Brath
- Respiratory Research Aalborg (Reaal), Aalborg University Hospital, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark;
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark; (E.B.M.); (J.B.F.); (H.H.R.)
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Aalborg University Hospital, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Sisse Dyrman Alsted
- Department of General Medicine, North Region Hospital–Hjørring, 9800 Hjørring, Denmark;
| | - Marina Sahakyan
- Department of Radiology, Aalborg University Hospital, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark; (M.S.); (R.B.C.)
| | - Esben Bolvig Mark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark; (E.B.M.); (J.B.F.); (H.H.R.)
- Mech-Sense, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Aalborg University Hospital, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Jens Brøndum Frøkjær
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark; (E.B.M.); (J.B.F.); (H.H.R.)
- Department of Radiology, Aalborg University Hospital, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark; (M.S.); (R.B.C.)
| | - Henrik Højgaard Rasmussen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark; (E.B.M.); (J.B.F.); (H.H.R.)
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Aalborg University Hospital, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark
- Danish Nutrition Science Center, Aalborg University Hospital, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark
- Center for Nutrition and Intestinal Failure, Aalborg University Hospital, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark
- Department of Dietetic and Nutritional Research, Copenhagen University Hospitals, Herlev and Gentofte Hospitals, 2730 Herlev, Denmark
| | - Lasse Riis Østergaard
- Medical Informatics Group, Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark;
| | | | - Ulla Møller Weinreich
- Respiratory Research Aalborg (Reaal), Aalborg University Hospital, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark;
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark; (E.B.M.); (J.B.F.); (H.H.R.)
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Aalborg University Hospital, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark
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Du J, Chengcong N, Wu X. Volume-based subglottic secretion drainage: a randomized controlled trial. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2024; 86:1426-1432. [PMID: 38463058 PMCID: PMC10923278 DOI: 10.1097/ms9.0000000000001695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background This study proposed to explore individual management mode for patients with subglottic secretion drainage. Methods Randomly chosen within the hospital ICU 68 patients from 7 April to 15 June 2023, all the patients randomly assigned to the control group or observation group, and control group adopts the model of intermittent drainage management, observation group based on the volume of subglottic secretion in patients with individualized management, and then analysis the two groups of patients clinical trial results. Results The clinical trial results showed that there were statistically significant differences (P<0.05) between the control group and the observation group in the incidence of tube blockage events (11 vs. 2), average diurnal pumping frequency (9 vs. 7, 5 vs. 4) between the two groups and the patient satisfaction scores (6 vs. 7), In the partial mucosa injure (22 vs 19) and VAP (5 vs. 1) there were no statistically significant difference (P>0.05). Although there was no statistically significant difference (P>0.05) in the average aspiration volume (12.68±3.41 vs. 12.19±2.68, 8 vs. 8) between the two groups, but the management mode of the observation group indicated that based on patient secretion volume was more consistent with the characteristics of the body's diurnal metabolic differences, because there was a big difference between the average total amount of daytime and nighttime suction between the two groups. Conclusion Individualized management based on the volume of subglottic secretions produced by patients can further optimize the airway management of patients and reduce the risk of adverse events of subglottic secretions aspiration.
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Zetterman T, Nieminen AI, Markkula R, Kalso E, Lötsch J. Machine learning identifies fatigue as a key symptom of fibromyalgia reflected in tyrosine, purine, pyrimidine, and glutaminergic metabolism. Clin Transl Sci 2024; 17:e13740. [PMID: 38411371 PMCID: PMC10897869 DOI: 10.1111/cts.13740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Fibromyalgia patients vary in clinical phenotype and treatment can be challenging. The pathophysiology of fibromyalgia is incompletely understood but appears to involve metabolic changes at rest or in response to stress. We enrolled 54 fibromyalgia patients and 31 healthy controls to this prospective study. Symptoms were assessed using the Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ) and blood samples were collected for metabolomics analysis at baseline and after an oral glucose tolerance test and a cardiopulmonary exercise test. We identified key symptoms of fibromyalgia and related them to changes in metabolic pathways with supervised and unsupervised machine learning methods. Algorithms trained with the FIQ information assigned the fibromyalgia diagnosis in new data with balanced accuracy of 88% while fatigue alone already provided the diagnosis with 86% accuracy. Supervised analyses reduced the metabolomic information from 77 to 13 key markers. With these metabolites, fibromyalgia could be identified in new cases with 79% accuracy. In addition, 5-hydroxyindole-3-acetic acid and glutamine levels correlated with the severity of fatigue. Patients differed from controls at baseline in tyrosine and purine pathways, and in the pyrimidine pathway after the stress challenges. Several key markers are involved in glutaminergic neurotransmission. This data-driven analysis highlights fatigue as a key symptom of fibromyalgia. Fibromyalgia is associated with metabolic changes which also reflect the degree of fatigue. Responses to metabolic and physical stresses result in a metabolic pattern that allows discrimination of fibromyalgia patients from controls and narrows the focus on key pathophysiological processes in fibromyalgia as treatment targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teemu Zetterman
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain MedicineHelsinki University Hospital and University of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland
- Wellbeing Services County of Vantaa and KeravaVantaa and KeravaFinland
- Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland
| | - Anni I. Nieminen
- FIMM Metabolomics UnitInstitute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland
| | - Ritva Markkula
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain MedicineHelsinki University Hospital and University of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland
| | - Eija Kalso
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain MedicineHelsinki University Hospital and University of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland
- SleepWell Research Programme, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland
| | - Jörn Lötsch
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Goethe‐UniversityFrankfurt am MainGermany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology (ITMP)Frankfurt am MainGermany
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Šiklová M, Šrámková V, Koc M, Krauzová E, Čížková T, Ondrůjová B, Wilhelm M, Varaliová Z, Kuda O, Neubert J, Lambert L, Elkalaf M, Gojda J, Rossmeislová L. The role of adipogenic capacity and dysfunctional subcutaneous adipose tissue in the inheritance of type 2 diabetes mellitus: cross-sectional study. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2024; 32:547-559. [PMID: 38221680 DOI: 10.1002/oby.23969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study tested the hypothesis that limited subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) expansion represents a primary predisposition to the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), independent of obesity, and identified novel markers of SAT dysfunction in the inheritance of T2DM. METHODS First-degree relatives (FDR) of T2DM patients (n = 19) and control individuals (n = 19) without obesity (fat mass < 25%) were cross-sectionally compared. Body composition (bioimpedance, computed tomography) and insulin sensitivity (IS; oral glucose tolerance test, clamp) were measured. SAT obtained by needle biopsy was used to analyze adipocyte size, lipidome, mRNA expression, and inflammatory markers. Primary cultures of adipose precursors were analyzed for adipogenic capacity and metabolism. RESULTS Compared with control individuals, FDR individuals had lower IS and a higher amount of visceral fat. However, SAT-derived adipose precursors did not differ in their ability to proliferate and differentiate or in metabolic parameters (lipolysis, mitochondrial oxidation). In SAT of FDR individuals, lipidomic and mRNA expression analysis revealed accumulation of triglycerides containing polyunsaturated fatty acids and increased mRNA expression of lysyl oxidase (LOX). These parameters correlated with IS, visceral fat accumulation, and mRNA expression of inflammatory and cellular stress genes. CONCLUSIONS The intrinsic adipogenic potential of SAT is not affected by a family history of T2DM. However, alterations in LOX mRNA and polyunsaturated fatty acids in triacylglycerols are likely related to the risk of developing T2DM independent of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaela Šiklová
- Department of Pathophysiology, Center for Research on Nutrition, Metabolism and Diabetes, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
- Franco-Czech Laboratory for Clinical Research on Obesity, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Veronika Šrámková
- Department of Pathophysiology, Center for Research on Nutrition, Metabolism and Diabetes, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
- Franco-Czech Laboratory for Clinical Research on Obesity, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Koc
- Department of Pathophysiology, Center for Research on Nutrition, Metabolism and Diabetes, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
- Franco-Czech Laboratory for Clinical Research on Obesity, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Krauzová
- Department of Pathophysiology, Center for Research on Nutrition, Metabolism and Diabetes, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
- Franco-Czech Laboratory for Clinical Research on Obesity, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Internal Medicine, Královské Vinohrady University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Terezie Čížková
- Department of Pathophysiology, Center for Research on Nutrition, Metabolism and Diabetes, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Barbora Ondrůjová
- Department of Pathophysiology, Center for Research on Nutrition, Metabolism and Diabetes, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Marek Wilhelm
- Department of Pathophysiology, Center for Research on Nutrition, Metabolism and Diabetes, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Varaliová
- Department of Pathophysiology, Center for Research on Nutrition, Metabolism and Diabetes, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Kuda
- Institute of Physiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Neubert
- Department of Pathophysiology, Center for Research on Nutrition, Metabolism and Diabetes, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lukáš Lambert
- Department of Radiology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Moustafa Elkalaf
- Department of Pathophysiology, Center for Research on Nutrition, Metabolism and Diabetes, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Gojda
- Franco-Czech Laboratory for Clinical Research on Obesity, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Internal Medicine, Královské Vinohrady University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Rossmeislová
- Department of Pathophysiology, Center for Research on Nutrition, Metabolism and Diabetes, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
- Franco-Czech Laboratory for Clinical Research on Obesity, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
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Barrea L, Caprio M, Camajani E, Verde L, Perrini S, Cignarelli A, Prodam F, Gambineri A, Isidori AM, Colao A, Giorgino F, Aimaretti G, Muscogiuri G. Ketogenic nutritional therapy (KeNuT)-a multi-step dietary model with meal replacements for the management of obesity and its related metabolic disorders: a consensus statement from the working group of the Club of the Italian Society of Endocrinology (SIE)-diet therapies in endocrinology and metabolism. J Endocrinol Invest 2024; 47:487-500. [PMID: 38238506 PMCID: PMC10904420 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-023-02258-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The ketogenic nutritional therapy (KeNuT) is an effective dietary treatment for patients with obesity and obesity-related comorbidities, including type 2 diabetes, dyslipidaemia, hypertension, coronary artery disease, and some type of cancers. However, to date an official document on the correct prescription of the ketogenic diet, validated by authoritative societies in nutrition or endocrine sciences, is missing. It is important to emphasize that the ketogenic nutritional therapy requires proper medical supervision for patient selection, due to the complex biochemical implications of ketosis and the need for a strict therapeutic compliance, and an experienced nutritionist for proper personalization of the whole nutritional protocol. METHODS This practical guide provides an update of main clinical indications and contraindications of ketogenic nutritional therapy with meal replacements and its mechanisms of action. In addition, the various phases of the protocol involving meal replacements, its monitoring, clinical management and potential side effects, are also discussed. CONCLUSION This practical guide will help the healthcare provider to acquire the necessary skills to provide a comprehensive care of patients with overweight, obesity and obesity-related diseases, using a multistep ketogenic dietary treatment, recognized by the Club of the Italian Society of Endocrinology (SIE)-Diet Therapies in Endocrinology and Metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Barrea
- Dipartimento di Scienze Umanistiche, Università Telematica Pegaso, Centro Direzionale, Via Porzio Isola F2, 80143, Naples, Italy
| | - M Caprio
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Endocrinology, IRCCS San Raffaele, Rome, Italy.
- Department of Human Sciences and Promotion of the Quality of Life, San Raffaele Roma Open University, 00166, Rome, Italy.
| | - E Camajani
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Endocrinology, IRCCS San Raffaele, Rome, Italy
- Department of Human Sciences and Promotion of the Quality of Life, San Raffaele Roma Open University, 00166, Rome, Italy
| | - L Verde
- Department of Public Health, University "Federico II" of Naples, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - S Perrini
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, Section of Internal Medicine, Endocrinology, Andrology and Metabolic Diseases, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - A Cignarelli
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, Section of Internal Medicine, Endocrinology, Andrology and Metabolic Diseases, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - F Prodam
- Endocrinology, Department of Translational Medicine, Università del Piemonte Orientale, 28100, Novara, Italy
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, 28100, Novara, Italy
| | - A Gambineri
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes Prevention and Care, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - A M Isidori
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - A Colao
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Endocrinologia, Unità di Diabetologia e Andrologia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
- Centro Italiano per la Cura e il Benessere del Paziente con Obesità (C.I.B.O), Unità di Endocrinologia, Diabetologia e Andrologia, Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
- Cattedra Unesco "Educazione Alla Salute e Allo Sviluppo Sostenibile", Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - F Giorgino
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, Section of Internal Medicine, Endocrinology, Andrology and Metabolic Diseases, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - G Aimaretti
- Endocrinology, Department of Translational Medicine, Università del Piemonte Orientale, 28100, Novara, Italy
| | - G Muscogiuri
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Endocrinologia, Unità di Diabetologia e Andrologia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy.
- Centro Italiano per la Cura e il Benessere del Paziente con Obesità (C.I.B.O), Unità di Endocrinologia, Diabetologia e Andrologia, Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy.
- Cattedra Unesco "Educazione Alla Salute e Allo Sviluppo Sostenibile", Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy.
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Storoschuk KL, Lesiuk D, Nuttall J, LeBouedec M, Khansari A, Islam H, Gurd BJ. Impact of fasting on the AMPK and PGC-1α axis in rodent and human skeletal muscle: A systematic review. Metabolism 2024; 152:155768. [PMID: 38154612 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2023.155768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
Based primarily on evidence from rodent models fasting is currently believed to improve metabolic health via activation of the AMPK-PGC-1α axis in skeletal muscle. However, it is unclear whether the skeletal muscle AMPK-PGC-1α axis is activated by fasting in humans. The current systematic review examined the fasting response in skeletal muscle from 34 selected studies (7 human, 21 mouse, and 6 rat). From these studies, we gathered 38 unique data points related to AMPK and 47 related to PGC-1α. In human studies, fasting mediated activation of the AMPK-PGC-1α axis is largely absent. Although evidence does support fasting-induced activation of the AMPK-PGC-1α axis in rodent skeletal muscle, the evidence is less robust than anticipated. Our findings question the ability of fasting to activate the AMPK-PGC-1α axis in human skeletal muscle and suggest that the metabolic benefits of fasting in humans are associated with caloric restriction rather than the induction of mitochondrial biogenesis. Registration: https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/KWNQY.
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Affiliation(s)
- K L Storoschuk
- School of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - D Lesiuk
- School of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - J Nuttall
- School of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - M LeBouedec
- School of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - A Khansari
- School of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - H Islam
- School of Health and Exercise Sciences, University of British Columbia Okanagan, Kelowna, BC, Canada
| | - B J Gurd
- School of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.
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Hu Z, Li Y, Zhang L, Jiang Y, Long C, Yang Q, Yang M. Metabolic changes in fibroblast-like synoviocytes in rheumatoid arthritis: state of the art review. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1250884. [PMID: 38482018 PMCID: PMC10933078 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1250884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) are important components of the synovial membrane. They can contribute to joint damage through crosstalk with inflammatory cells and direct actions on tissue damage pathways in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Recent evidence suggests that, compared with FLS in normal synovial tissue, FLS in RA synovial tissue exhibits significant differences in metabolism. Recent metabolomic studies have demonstrated that metabolic changes, including those in glucose, lipid, and amino acid metabolism, exist before synovitis onset. These changes may be a result of increased biosynthesis and energy requirements during the early phases of the disease. Activated T cells and some cytokines contribute to the conversion of FLS into cells with metabolic abnormalities and pro-inflammatory phenotypes. This conversion may be one of the potential mechanisms behind altered FLS metabolism. Targeting metabolism can inhibit FLS proliferation, providing relief to patients with RA. In this review, we aimed to summarize the evidence of metabolic changes in FLS in RA, analyze the mechanisms of these metabolic alterations, and assess their effect on RA phenotype. Finally, we aimed to summarize the advances and challenges faced in targeting FLS metabolism as a promising therapeutic strategy for RA in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Qiyue Yang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Maoyi Yang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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da Silva VF, Gayger-Dias V, da Silva RS, Sobottka TM, Cigerce A, Lissner LJ, Wartchow KM, Rodrigues L, Zanotto C, Fróes FCTDS, Seady M, Quincozes-Santos A, Gonçalves CA. Calorie restriction protects against acute systemic LPS-induced inflammation. Nutr Neurosci 2024:1-13. [PMID: 38386276 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2024.2316448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Caloric restriction (CR) has been proposed as a nutritional strategy to combat chronic diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases, as well as to delay aging. However, despite the benefits of CR, questions remain about its underlying mechanisms and cellular and molecular targets.Objective: As inflammatory processes are the basis or accompany chronic diseases and aging, we investigated the protective role of CR in the event of an acute inflammatory stimulus.Methods: Peripheral inflammatory and metabolic parameters were evaluated in Wistar rats following CR and/or acute lipopolysaccharide (LPS) administration, as well as glial changes (microglia and astrocytes), in two regions of the brain (hippocampus and hypothalamus) involved in the inflammatory response. We used a protocol of 30% CR, for 4 or 8 weeks. Serum and brain parameters were analyzed by biochemical or immunological assays.Results: Benefits of CR were observed during the inflammatory challenge, where the partial reduction of serum interleukin-6, mediated by CR, attenuated the systemic response. In the central nervous system (CNS), specifically in the hippocampus, CR attenuated the response to the LPS, as evaluated by tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) levels. Furthermore, in the hippocampus, CR increased the glutathione (GSH) levels, resulting in a better antioxidant response.Discussion: This study contributes to the understanding of the effects of CR, particularly in the CNS, and expands knowledge about glial cells, emphasizing their importance in neuroprotection strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa-Fernanda da Silva
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde (ICBS), Graduate Program in Biochemistry, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Vitor Gayger-Dias
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde (ICBS), Graduate Program in Biochemistry, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Rafaela Sampaio da Silva
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde (ICBS), Graduate Program in Biochemistry, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Thomas Michel Sobottka
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde (ICBS), Graduate Program in Biochemistry, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Anderson Cigerce
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde (ICBS), Graduate Program in Biochemistry, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Lílian Juliana Lissner
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde (ICBS), Graduate Program in Biochemistry, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Dipartimento di Fisiologia e Farmacologia "Vittorio Erspamer", Università degli Studi di Roma "La Sapienza", Piazzale Aldo Moro, Rome
| | - Krista Minéia Wartchow
- Department of Radiology, Brain Health Imaging Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Letícia Rodrigues
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde (ICBS), Graduate Program in Biochemistry, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Caroline Zanotto
- Biochemistry Laboratory, Grupo Hospitalar Conceição, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | - Marina Seady
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde (ICBS), Graduate Program in Biochemistry, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - André Quincozes-Santos
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde (ICBS), Graduate Program in Biochemistry, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Carlos-Alberto Gonçalves
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde (ICBS), Graduate Program in Biochemistry, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Nogueira JP, Cusi K. Role of Insulin Resistance in the Development of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in People With Type 2 Diabetes: From Bench to Patient Care. Diabetes Spectr 2024; 37:20-28. [PMID: 38385099 PMCID: PMC10877218 DOI: 10.2337/dsi23-0013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Insulin resistance is implicated in both the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and its progression from steatosis to steatohepatitis, cirrhosis, and even hepatocellular carcinoma, which is known to be more common in people with type 2 diabetes. This article reviews the role of insulin resistance in the metabolic dysfunction observed in obesity, type 2 diabetes, atherogenic dyslipidemia, and hypertension and how it is a driver of the natural history of NAFLD by promoting glucotoxicity and lipotoxicity. The authors also review the genetic and environmental factors that stimulate steatohepatitis and fibrosis progression and their relationship with cardiovascular disease and summarize guidelines supporting the treatment of NAFLD with diabetes medications that reduce insulin resistance, such as pioglitazone or glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Patricio Nogueira
- Universidad del Pacifico, Asunción, Paraguay
- Centro de Investigación en Endocrinología, Nutrición y Metabolismo, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Nacional de Formosa, Formosa, Argentina
| | - Kenneth Cusi
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
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Murru E, Manca C, Carta G, Ruggiu M, Solinas R, Montisci R, Hodson L, Dearlove D, Mollica MP, Tocco F, Banni S. Indirect Calorimetry-Based Novel Approach for Evaluating Metabolic Flexibility and Its Association with Circulating Metabolic Markers in Middle-Aged Subjects. Nutrients 2024; 16:525. [PMID: 38398849 PMCID: PMC10891777 DOI: 10.3390/nu16040525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
We propose a novel method for assessing metabolic flexibility (MF) through indirect calorimetry. A total of twenty healthy volunteers (10 females; 10 males) aged 45-65 were categorized into a Low-Intensity activity group (LI, 0-1 session of 1 h per week) and a High-Intensity activity group (HI, 5-6 sessions of 2 h per week). Volunteers underwent a stepwise exercise test on a cycle ergometer, connected to a calorimeter, to examine respiratory gas exchange to evaluate peak fatty acid Oxidation (PFO) and peak carbohydrate oxidation (PCO). Circulating peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) biomarkers, docosahexaenoic acid/eicosapentaenoic acid (DHA/EPA) ratio and N-oleoylethanolamine (OEA), and the endocannabinoid- 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG), were evaluated. We developed two MF parameters: the MF index (MFI), calculated by the product of PFO normalized per kg of fat-free mass (FFM) and the percentage of VO2max at PFO, and the peak energy substrates' oxidation (PESO), computed by summing the kilocalories from the PFO and PCO, normalized per kg FFM. The MFI and PESO were significantly different between the HI and LI groups, showing strong correlations with the circulating bioactive substances. Higher DHA/EPA ratio (p ≤ 0.05) and OEA (p ≤ 0.01), but lower 2-AG levels (p ≤ 0.01) were found in the HI group. These new parameters successfully established a functional link between MF and the balance of PPARα/endocannabinoid systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Murru
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, Italy; (E.M.); (C.M.); (G.C.)
| | - Claudia Manca
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, Italy; (E.M.); (C.M.); (G.C.)
| | - Gianfranca Carta
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, Italy; (E.M.); (C.M.); (G.C.)
| | - Michele Ruggiu
- Clinical Cardiology and Sport Medicine, Department of Medical Science and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, Italy; (M.R.); (R.S.); (R.M.); (F.T.)
| | - Roberto Solinas
- Clinical Cardiology and Sport Medicine, Department of Medical Science and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, Italy; (M.R.); (R.S.); (R.M.); (F.T.)
| | - Roberta Montisci
- Clinical Cardiology and Sport Medicine, Department of Medical Science and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, Italy; (M.R.); (R.S.); (R.M.); (F.T.)
| | - Leanne Hodson
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford OX3 7LE, UK; (L.H.); (D.D.)
- National Institute for Health Research Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospital Trusts, Oxford OX4 2PG, UK
| | - David Dearlove
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford OX3 7LE, UK; (L.H.); (D.D.)
| | - Maria Pina Mollica
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy;
| | - Filippo Tocco
- Clinical Cardiology and Sport Medicine, Department of Medical Science and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, Italy; (M.R.); (R.S.); (R.M.); (F.T.)
| | - Sebastiano Banni
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, Italy; (E.M.); (C.M.); (G.C.)
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Gudenschwager Basso EK, Ju J, Soliman E, de Jager C, Wei X, Pridham KJ, Olsen ML, Theus MH. Immunoregulatory and neutrophil-like monocyte subsets with distinct single-cell transcriptomic signatures emerge following brain injury. J Neuroinflammation 2024; 21:41. [PMID: 38310257 PMCID: PMC10838447 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-024-03032-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Monocytes represent key cellular elements that contribute to the neurological sequela following brain injury. The current study reveals that trauma induces the augmented release of a transcriptionally distinct CD115+/Ly6Chi monocyte population into the circulation of mice pre-exposed to clodronate depletion conditions. This phenomenon correlates with tissue protection, blood-brain barrier stability, and cerebral blood flow improvement. Uniquely, this shifted the innate immune cell profile in the cortical milieu and reduced the expression of pro-inflammatory Il6, IL1r1, MCP-1, Cxcl1, and Ccl3 cytokines. Monocytes that emerged under these conditions displayed a morphological and gene profile consistent with a subset commonly seen during emergency monopoiesis. Single-cell RNA sequencing delineated distinct clusters of monocytes and revealed a key transcriptional signature of Ly6Chi monocytes enriched for Apoe and chitinase-like protein 3 (Chil3/Ym1), commonly expressed in pro-resolving immunoregulatory monocytes, as well as granule genes Elane, Prtn3, MPO, and Ctsg unique to neutrophil-like monocytes. The predominate shift in cell clusters included subsets with low expression of transcription factors involved in monocyte conversion, Pou2f2, Na4a1, and a robust enrichment of genes in the oxidative phosphorylation pathway which favors an anti-inflammatory phenotype. Transfer of this monocyte assemblage into brain-injured recipient mice demonstrated their direct role in neuroprotection. These findings reveal a multifaceted innate immune response to brain injury and suggest targeting surrogate monocyte subsets may foster tissue protection in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erwin K Gudenschwager Basso
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia Tech, 970 Washington Street SW, Life Sciences I, Rm 249 (MC0910), Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
- Department of Physiology and Aging, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Jing Ju
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia Tech, 970 Washington Street SW, Life Sciences I, Rm 249 (MC0910), Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
| | - Eman Soliman
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia Tech, 970 Washington Street SW, Life Sciences I, Rm 249 (MC0910), Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
| | - Caroline de Jager
- Translational, Biology, Medicine and Health Graduate Program, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA, 24016, USA
| | - Xiaoran Wei
- School of Neuroscience, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
| | - Kevin J Pridham
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia Tech, 970 Washington Street SW, Life Sciences I, Rm 249 (MC0910), Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
| | - Michelle L Olsen
- School of Neuroscience, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
| | - Michelle H Theus
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia Tech, 970 Washington Street SW, Life Sciences I, Rm 249 (MC0910), Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA.
- Center for Engineered Health, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA.
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Faust AJ, Stine JG. Unlocking metabolic flexibility: Is this the key to preventing weight gain in liver transplant recipients? Liver Transpl 2024; 30:119-121. [PMID: 37486963 PMCID: PMC10808972 DOI: 10.1097/lvt.0000000000000224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alison J. Faust
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of
Medicine, Penn State Health- Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey PA, USA
- Fatty Liver Program, Penn State Health- Milton S. Hershey
Medical Center, Hershey PA, USA
- Liver Center, Penn State Health- Milton S. Hershey Medical
Center, Hershey PA, USA
| | - Jonathan G. Stine
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of
Medicine, Penn State Health- Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey PA, USA
- Fatty Liver Program, Penn State Health- Milton S. Hershey
Medical Center, Hershey PA, USA
- Liver Center, Penn State Health- Milton S. Hershey Medical
Center, Hershey PA, USA
- Department of Public Health Sciences, The Pennsylvania
State University- College of Medicine, Hershey PA, USA
- Cancer Institute, Penn State Health- Milton S. Hershey
Medical Center, Hershey PA, USA
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43
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Jurado-Fasoli L, Sanchez-Delgado G, Alcantara JMA, Acosta FM, Sanchez-Sanchez R, Labayen I, Ortega FB, Martinez-Tellez B, Ruiz JR. Adults with metabolically healthy overweight or obesity present more brown adipose tissue and higher thermogenesis than their metabolically unhealthy counterparts. EBioMedicine 2024; 100:104948. [PMID: 38184936 PMCID: PMC10808934 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2023.104948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a subset of individuals with overweight/obesity characterized by a lower risk of cardiometabolic complications, the so-called metabolically healthy overweight/obesity (MHOO) phenotype. Despite the relatively higher levels of subcutaneous adipose tissue and lower visceral adipose tissue observed in individuals with MHOO than individuals with metabolically unhealthy overweight/obesity (MUOO), little is known about the differences in brown adipose tissue (BAT). METHODS This study included 53 young adults (28 women) with a body mass index (BMI) ≥25 kg/m2 which were classified as MHOO (n = 34) or MUOO (n = 19). BAT was assessed through a static 18F-FDG positron emission tomography/computed tomography scan after a 2-h personalized cooling protocol. Energy expenditure, skin temperature, and thermal perception were assessed during a standardized mixed meal test (3.5 h) and a 1-h personalized cold exposure. Body composition was assessed by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, energy intake was determined during an ad libitum meal test and dietary recalls, and physical activity levels were determined by a wrist-worn accelerometer. FINDINGS Participants with MHOO presented higher BAT volume (+124%, P = 0.008), SUVmean (+63%, P = 0.001), and SUVpeak (+133%, P = 0.003) than MUOO, despite having similar BAT mean radiodensity (P = 0.354). In addition, individuals with MHOO exhibited marginally higher meal-induced thermogenesis (P = 0.096) and cold-induced thermogenesis (+158%, P = 0.050). Moreover, MHOO participants showed higher supraclavicular skin temperature than MUOO during the first hour of the postprandial period and during the cold exposure, while no statistically significant differences were observed in other skin temperature parameters. We observed no statistically significant differences between MHOO and MUOO in thermal perception, body composition, outdoor ambient temperature exposure, resting metabolic rate, energy intake, or physical activity levels. INTERPRETATION Adults with MHOO present higher BAT volume and activity than MUOO. The higher meal- and cold-induced thermogenesis and cold-induced supraclavicular skin temperature are compatible with a higher BAT activity. Overall, these results suggest that BAT presence and activity might be linked to a healthier phenotype in young adults with overweight or obesity. FUNDING See acknowledgments section.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Jurado-Fasoli
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sports Science, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Carretera de Alfacar s/n, 18071, Granada, Spain; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Andalucía, Spain.
| | - Guillermo Sanchez-Delgado
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sports Science, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Carretera de Alfacar s/n, 18071, Granada, Spain; Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada; CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, Ibs.Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Juan M A Alcantara
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sports Science, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Carretera de Alfacar s/n, 18071, Granada, Spain; CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Granada, Spain; Department of Health Sciences, "Institute for Sustainability & Food Chain Innovation", Public University of Navarre, Pamplona, Spain; Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Francisco M Acosta
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sports Science, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Carretera de Alfacar s/n, 18071, Granada, Spain; Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Turku PET Centre, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland; InFLAMES Research Flagship, University of Turku, 20014, Turku, Finland; MediCity/PET Preclinical Laboratory, University of Turku, Turku PET Centre, Turku, Finland
| | - Rocio Sanchez-Sanchez
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, Ibs.Granada, Granada, Spain; Servicio de Medicina Nuclear, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain
| | - Idoia Labayen
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Granada, Spain; Department of Health Sciences, "Institute for Sustainability & Food Chain Innovation", Public University of Navarre, Pamplona, Spain; Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Francisco B Ortega
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sports Science, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Carretera de Alfacar s/n, 18071, Granada, Spain; CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Granada, Spain; Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Borja Martinez-Tellez
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sports Science, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Carretera de Alfacar s/n, 18071, Granada, Spain; CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Granada, Spain; Department of Education, Faculty of Education Sciences and SPORT Research Group (CTS-1024), CERNEP Research Center, University of Almería, Almería, Spain
| | - Jonatan R Ruiz
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sports Science, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Carretera de Alfacar s/n, 18071, Granada, Spain; CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, Ibs.Granada, Granada, Spain.
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Zou Y, Guo S, Liao Y, Chen W, Chen Z, Chen J, Wen L, Xie X. Ceramide metabolism-related prognostic signature and immunosuppressive function of ST3GAL1 in osteosarcoma. Transl Oncol 2024; 40:101840. [PMID: 38029509 PMCID: PMC10698579 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2023.101840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is the most common primary malignant bone tumor with elevated disability and mortality rates in children and adolescents and the therapeutic effect for osteosarcoma has remained stagnant in the past 30 years. Emerging evidence has shown ceramide metabolism plays a vital role in tumor progression, but its mechanisms in osteosarcoma progression remain unknown. Through consensus clustering and LASSO regression analysis based on the osteosarcoma cohorts from TARGET database, we constructed a ceramide metabolism-related prognostic signature including ten genes for osteosarcoma, with ST3GAL1 exhibiting the highest hazard ratio. Biological signatures analysis demonstrated that ceramide metabolism was associated with immune-related pathways, immune cell infiltration and the expression of immune checkpoint genes. Single-cell profiling revealed that ceramide metabolism was enriched in myeloid, osteoblast and mesenchymal cells. The interaction between TAMs and CD8+ T cells played an essential role in osteosarcoma. ST3GAL1 regulated the SPP1-CD44 interaction between TAMs and CD8+ T cells and IL-10 secretion in TAMs through α2,3 sialic acid receptors, which inhibited CD8+ T cell function. IHC analysis showed that ST3GAL1 expression correlated with the prognosis of osteosarcoma patients. Co-culture assay revealed that upregulation of ST3GAL1 in tumor cells regulated the differentiation of TAMs and cytokine secretion. Collectively, our findings demonstrated that ceramide metabolism was associated with clinical outcome in osteosarcoma. ST3GAL1 facilitated tumor progression through regulating tumor immune microenvironment, providing a feasible therapeutic approach for patients with osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutong Zou
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Siyao Guo
- Center for Translational Medicine, Precision Medicine Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yan Liao
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Weidong Chen
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ziyun Chen
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Junkai Chen
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lili Wen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Xianbiao Xie
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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Welhaven HD, Welfley AH, Brahmachary P, Bergstrom AR, Houske E, Glimm M, Bothner B, Hahn AK, June RK. Metabolomic Profiles and Pathways in Osteoarthritic Human Cartilage: A Comparative Analysis with Healthy Cartilage. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.01.25.577269. [PMID: 38328065 PMCID: PMC10849731 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.25.577269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Objective Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic joint disease with heterogenous metabolic pathology. To gain insight into OA-related metabolism, healthy and end-stage osteoarthritic cartilage were compared metabolically to uncover disease-associated profiles, classify OA-specific metabolic endotypes, and identify targets for intervention for the diverse populations of individuals affected by OA. Design Femoral head cartilage (n=35) from osteoarthritis patients were collected post-total joint arthroplasty. Healthy cartilage (n=11) was obtained from a tissue bank. Metabolites from all cartilage samples were extracted and analyzed using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry metabolomic profiling. Additionally, cartilage extracts were pooled and underwent fragmentation analysis for biochemical identification of metabolites. Results Specific metabolites and metabolic pathways, including lipid- and amino acid pathways, were differentially regulated between osteoarthritis-derived and healthy cartilage. The detected alterations of amino acids and lipids highlight key differences in bioenergetic resources, matrix homeostasis, and mitochondrial alterations in osteoarthritis-derived cartilage compared to healthy. Moreover, metabolomic profiles of osteoarthritic cartilage separated into four distinct endotypes highlighting the heterogenous nature of OA metabolism and diverse landscape within the joint between patients. Conclusions The results of this study demonstrate that human cartilage has distinct metabolomic profiles between healthy and end-stage osteoarthritis patients. By taking a comprehensive approach to assess metabolic differences between healthy and osteoarthritic cartilage, and within osteoarthritic cartilage alone, several metabolic pathways with distinct regulation patterns were detected. Additional investigation may lead to the identification of metabolites that may serve as valuable indicators of disease status or potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hope D. Welhaven
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman MT
| | - Avery H. Welfley
- Department of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering, Montana State University, Bozeman MT
| | - Priyanka Brahmachary
- Department of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering, Montana State University, Bozeman MT
| | - Annika R. Bergstrom
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Villanova University, Villanova, PA
| | - Eden Houske
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Carroll College, Helena, MT
| | - Matthew Glimm
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Carroll College, Helena, MT
| | - Brian Bothner
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman MT
| | - Alyssa K. Hahn
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Carroll College, Helena, MT
| | - Ronald K. June
- Department of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering, Montana State University, Bozeman MT
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46
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Lebron MA, Stout JR, Fukuda DH. Physiological Perturbations in Combat Sports: Weight Cycling and Metabolic Function-A Narrative Review. Metabolites 2024; 14:83. [PMID: 38392975 PMCID: PMC10890020 DOI: 10.3390/metabo14020083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Combat sports athletes seeking a competitive edge often engage in weight management practices to become larger than their opponents, which ultimately includes periods of gradual weight loss, rapid weight loss, and weight regain. This pattern of weight loss and regain is known as weight cycling and often includes periods of low energy availability, making combat sports athletes susceptible to metabolic dysfunction. This narrative review represents an effort to explore the metabolic perturbations associated with weight cycling and outline the short-, medium-, and long-term effects on metabolic flexibility, function, and health. The short-term effects of rapid weight loss, such as a reduced metabolic rate and alterations to insulin and leptin levels, may prelude the more pronounced metabolic disturbances that occur during weight regain, such as insulin resistance. Although definitive support is not currently available, this cycle of weight loss and regain and associated metabolic changes may contribute to metabolic syndrome or other metabolic dysfunctions over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Modesto A Lebron
- Physiology of Work and Exercise Response Laboratory, Institute of Exercise Physiology and Rehabilitation Science, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA
| | - Jeffrey R Stout
- Physiology of Work and Exercise Response Laboratory, Institute of Exercise Physiology and Rehabilitation Science, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA
| | - David H Fukuda
- Physiology of Work and Exercise Response Laboratory, Institute of Exercise Physiology and Rehabilitation Science, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA
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47
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Liu Y, Tan Y, Zhang Z, Yi M, Zhu L, Peng W. The interaction between ageing and Alzheimer's disease: insights from the hallmarks of ageing. Transl Neurodegener 2024; 13:7. [PMID: 38254235 PMCID: PMC10804662 DOI: 10.1186/s40035-024-00397-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Ageing is a crucial risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD) and is characterised by systemic changes in both intracellular and extracellular microenvironments that affect the entire body instead of a single organ. Understanding the specific mechanisms underlying the role of ageing in disease development can facilitate the treatment of ageing-related diseases, such as AD. Signs of brain ageing have been observed in both AD patients and animal models. Alleviating the pathological changes caused by brain ageing can dramatically ameliorate the amyloid beta- and tau-induced neuropathological and memory impairments, indicating that ageing plays a crucial role in the pathophysiological process of AD. In this review, we summarize the impact of several age-related factors on AD and propose that preventing pathological changes caused by brain ageing is a promising strategy for improving cognitive health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Liu
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Changsha, 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Yejun Tan
- School of Mathematics, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Zheyu Zhang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Changsha, 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Yi
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Changsha, 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Lemei Zhu
- Academician Workstation, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, 410219, People's Republic of China
| | - Weijun Peng
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Changsha, 410011, People's Republic of China.
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48
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Silva FM, Duarte-Mendes P, Teixeira AM, Soares CM, Ferreira JP. The effects of combined exercise training on glucose metabolism and inflammatory markers in sedentary adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sci Rep 2024; 14:1936. [PMID: 38253590 PMCID: PMC10803738 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-51832-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to determine the magnitude of the effect of combined exercise training on glucose metabolism markers, adipokines, and inflammatory cytokines in non-diabetic sedentary adults. PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane Library electronic databases and reference lists of included studies were explored for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that included physically inactive adults and provided combined training interventions (aerobic plus resistance exercise). Effects on fasting glucose and insulin, Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR), HbA1c, adiponectin, leptin, IL-6, TNF-α, and C-reactive protein (CRP) in exercise vs control groups were analyzed using random effects meta-analysis. The Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool for Randomized Trials 2.0 (RoB 2) was used to assess the risk of bias. A total of 24 RCTs were included in the quantitative analysis. Combined exercise training significantly decrease fasting glucose (standardized mean difference, SMD: - 0.474, 95% CI [- 0.829, - 0.120], p = 0.009, 35 study arms), fasting insulin (SMD: - 1.024, 95% CI [- 1.502, - 0.545], p < 0.001, 27 study arms), HOMA-IR (SMD: - 0.946, 95% CI [- 1.450, - 0.442], p < 0.001, 23 study arms), TNF-α (SMD: - 0.972, 95% CI [- 1.361, - 0.582], p < 0.001, 10 study arms), and CRP (SMD: - 0.507, 95% CI [- 0.818, - 0.196], p = 0.001, 14 study arms). No significant effects were observed for HbA1c, adiponectin, leptin, and IL-6 levels. Random effects meta-regression models by age, sex, and intervention length were not able to explain any of the variation in the effect size of HOMA-IR. Findings from this systematic review and meta-analysis suggest that combined exercise training improves some glucose metabolism markers and inflammatory parameters in sedentary adults without diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda M Silva
- University of Coimbra, Faculty of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, FCDEF, Coimbra, Portugal.
- Research Unit for Sport and Physical Activity (CIDAF, Uid/Dtp/04213/2020), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Pedro Duarte-Mendes
- Department of Sports and Well-Being, Polytechnic Institute of Castelo Branco, Castelo Branco, Portugal
- Sport, Health and Exercise Research Unit (SHERU), Polytechnic Institute of Castelo Branco, Castelo Branco, Portugal
- Sport Physical activity and health Research & INnovation CenTer, SPRINT, Santarém, Portugal
| | - Ana M Teixeira
- University of Coimbra, Faculty of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, FCDEF, Coimbra, Portugal
- Research Unit for Sport and Physical Activity (CIDAF, Uid/Dtp/04213/2020), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Carlos M Soares
- University of Coimbra, Faculty of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, FCDEF, Coimbra, Portugal
- Research Unit for Sport and Physical Activity (CIDAF, Uid/Dtp/04213/2020), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Molecular Physical-Chemistry R&D Unit, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - José P Ferreira
- University of Coimbra, Faculty of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, FCDEF, Coimbra, Portugal
- Research Unit for Sport and Physical Activity (CIDAF, Uid/Dtp/04213/2020), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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Zhang K, Xie N, Ye H, Miao J, Xia B, Yang Y, Peng H, Xu S, Wu T, Tao C, Ruan J, Wang Y, Yang S. Glucose restriction enhances oxidative fiber formation: A multi-omic signal network involving AMPK and CaMK2. iScience 2024; 27:108590. [PMID: 38161415 PMCID: PMC10755363 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle is a highly plastic organ that adapts to different metabolic states or functional demands. This study explored the impact of permanent glucose restriction (GR) on skeletal muscle composition and metabolism. Using Glut4m mice with defective glucose transporter 4, we conducted multi-omics analyses at different ages and after low-intensity treadmill training. The oxidative fibers were significantly increased in Glut4m muscles. Mechanistically, GR activated AMPK pathway, promoting mitochondrial function and beneficial myokine expression, and facilitated slow fiber formation via CaMK2 pathway. Phosphorylation-activated Perm1 may synergize AMPK and CaMK2 signaling. Besides, MAPK and CDK kinases were also implicated in skeletal muscle protein phosphorylation during GR response. This study provides a comprehensive signaling network demonstrating how GR influences muscle fiber types and metabolic patterns. These insights offer valuable data for understanding oxidative fiber formation mechanisms and identifying clinical targets for metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiyi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing 100193, China
- Precision Livestock and Nutrition Unit, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, TERRA Teaching and Research Centre, Liège University, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Ning Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing 100193, China
| | - Huaqiong Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jiakun Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing 100193, China
| | - Boce Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing 100193, China
| | - Huanqi Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing 100193, China
| | - Shuang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing 100193, China
| | - Tianwen Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing 100193, China
| | - Cong Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jinxue Ruan
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education & Key Lab of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yanfang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing 100193, China
| | - Shulin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing 100193, China
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50
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Mas-Parés B, Xargay-Torrent S, Carreras-Badosa G, Gómez-Vilarrubla A, Niubó-Pallàs M, Tibau J, Reixach J, Prats-Puig A, de Zegher F, Ibañez L, Bassols J, López-Bermejo A. Gestational Caloric Restriction Alters Adipose Tissue Methylome and Offspring's Metabolic Profile in a Swine Model. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1128. [PMID: 38256201 PMCID: PMC10816194 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Limited nutrient supply to the fetus results in physiologic and metabolic adaptations that have unfavorable consequences in the offspring. In a swine animal model, we aimed to study the effects of gestational caloric restriction and early postnatal metformin administration on offspring's adipose tissue epigenetics and their association with morphometric and metabolic variables. Sows were either underfed (30% restriction of total food) or kept under standard diet during gestation, and piglets were randomly assigned at birth to receive metformin (n = 16 per group) or vehicle treatment (n = 16 per group) throughout lactation. DNA methylation and gene expression were assessed in the retroperitoneal adipose tissue of piglets at weaning. Results showed that gestational caloric restriction had a negative effect on the metabolic profile of the piglets, increased the expression of inflammatory markers in the adipose tissue, and changed the methylation of several genes related to metabolism. Metformin treatment resulted in positive changes in the adipocyte morphology and regulated the methylation of several genes related to atherosclerosis, insulin, and fatty acids signaling pathways. The methylation and gene expression of the differentially methylated FASN, SLC5A10, COL5A1, and PRKCZ genes in adipose tissue associated with the metabolic profile in the piglets born to underfed sows. In conclusion, our swine model showed that caloric restriction during pregnancy was associated with impaired inflammatory and DNA methylation markers in the offspring's adipose tissue that could predispose the offspring to later metabolic abnormalities. Early metformin administration could modulate the size of adipocytes and the DNA methylation changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berta Mas-Parés
- Obesity and Cardiovascular Risk in Pediatrics, Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), 17190 Salt, Spain; (B.M.-P.); (A.L.-B.)
| | - Sílvia Xargay-Torrent
- Obesity and Cardiovascular Risk in Pediatrics, Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), 17190 Salt, Spain; (B.M.-P.); (A.L.-B.)
| | - Gemma Carreras-Badosa
- Obesity and Cardiovascular Risk in Pediatrics, Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), 17190 Salt, Spain; (B.M.-P.); (A.L.-B.)
| | - Ariadna Gómez-Vilarrubla
- Materno-Fetal Metabolic Research, Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), 17190 Salt, Spain
| | - Maria Niubó-Pallàs
- Materno-Fetal Metabolic Research, Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), 17190 Salt, Spain
| | - Joan Tibau
- Benestar Animal, Institut de Recerca i Tecnología Agroalimentàries (IRTA), 17121 Monells, Spain;
| | | | - Anna Prats-Puig
- Department of Physical Therapy, EUSES, University of Girona, 17190 Salt, Spain;
| | - Francis de Zegher
- Department of Development and Regeneration, University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lourdes Ibañez
- Endocrinology, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, University of Barcelona, 08950 Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), ISCIII, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Judit Bassols
- Materno-Fetal Metabolic Research, Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), 17190 Salt, Spain
| | - Abel López-Bermejo
- Obesity and Cardiovascular Risk in Pediatrics, Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), 17190 Salt, Spain; (B.M.-P.); (A.L.-B.)
- Pediatrics, Hospital Dr. Josep Trueta, 17007 Girona, Spain
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Girona, 17820 Girona, Spain
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