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Meng Z, Liang B, Wu Y, Liu C, Wang H, Du Y, Gan L, Gao E, Lau WB, Christopher TA, Lopez BL, Koch WJ, Ma X, Zhao F, Wang Y, Zhao J. Hypoadiponectinemia-induced upregulation of microRNA449b downregulating Nrf-1 aggravates cardiac ischemia-reperfusion injury in diabetic mice. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2023; 182:1-14. [PMID: 37437402 PMCID: PMC10566306 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2023.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes enhances myocardial ischemic/reperfusion (MI/R) injury via an incompletely understood mechanism. Adiponectin (APN) is a cardioprotective adipokine suppressed by diabetes. However, how hypoadiponectinemia exacerbates cardiac injury remains incompletely understood. Dysregulation of miRNAs plays a significant role in disease development. However, whether hypoadiponectinemia alters cardiac miRNA profile, contributing to diabetic heart injury, remains unclear. Methods and Results: Wild-type (WT) and APN knockout (APN-KO) mice were subjected to MI/R. A cardiac microRNA profile was determined. Among 23 miRNAs increased in APN-KO mice following MI/R, miR-449b was most significantly upregulated (3.98-fold over WT mice). Administrating miR-449b mimic increased apoptosis, enlarged infarct size, and impaired cardiac function in WT mice. In contrast, anti-miR-449b decreased apoptosis, reduced infarct size, and improved cardiac function in APN-KO mice. Bioinformatic analysis predicted 73 miR-449b targeting genes, and GO analysis revealed oxidative stress as the top pathway regulated by these genes. Venn analysis followed by luciferase assay identified Nrf-1 and Ucp3 as the two most important miR-449b targets. In vivo administration of anti-miR-449b in APN-KO mice attenuated MI/R-stimulated superoxide overproduction. In vitro experiments demonstrated that high glucose/high lipid and simulated ischemia/reperfusion upregulated miR-449b and inhibited Nrf-1 and Ucp3 expression. These pathological effects were attenuated by anti-miR-449b or Nrf-1 overexpression. In a final attempt to validate our finding in a clinically relevant model, high-fat diet (HFD)-induced diabetic mice were subjected to MI/R and treated with anti-miR-449b or APN. Diabetes significantly increased miR-449b expression and downregulated Nrf-1 and Ucp3 expression. Administration of anti-miR-449b or APN preserved cardiac Nrf-1 expression, reduced cardiac oxidative stress, decreased apoptosis and infarct size, and improved cardiac function. Conclusion: We demonstrated for the first time that hypoadiponectinemia upregulates miR-449b and suppresses Nrf-1/Ucp3 expression, promoting oxidative stress and exacerbating MI/R injury in this population. Dysregulated APN/miR-449b/oxidative stress pathway is a potential therapeutic target against diabetic MI/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijun Meng
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, United States of America
| | - Bin Liang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, United States of America
| | - Yalin Wu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL 35294, United States of America
| | - Caihong Liu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, United States of America
| | - Han Wang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, United States of America
| | - Yunhui Du
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, United States of America
| | - Lu Gan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, United States of America
| | - Erhe Gao
- Center of Translational Medicine, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140, United States of America
| | - Wayne B Lau
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, United States of America
| | - Theodore A Christopher
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, United States of America
| | - Bernard L Lopez
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, United States of America
| | - Walter J Koch
- Center of Translational Medicine, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140, United States of America
| | - Xinliang Ma
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, United States of America
| | - Fujie Zhao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL 35294, United States of America
| | - Yajing Wang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, United States of America; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL 35294, United States of America.
| | - Jianli Zhao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL 35294, United States of America.
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Valenzuela PL, Carrera-Bastos P, Castillo-García A, Lieberman DE, Santos-Lozano A, Lucia A. Obesity and the risk of cardiometabolic diseases. Nat Rev Cardiol 2023; 20:475-494. [PMID: 36927772 DOI: 10.1038/s41569-023-00847-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 72.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence of obesity has reached pandemic proportions, and now approximately 25% of adults in Westernized countries have obesity. Recognized as a major health concern, obesity is associated with multiple comorbidities, particularly cardiometabolic disorders. In this Review, we present obesity as an evolutionarily novel condition, summarize the epidemiological evidence on its detrimental cardiometabolic consequences and discuss the major mechanisms involved in the association between obesity and the risk of cardiometabolic diseases. We also examine the role of potential moderators of this association, with evidence for and against the so-called 'metabolically healthy obesity phenotype', the 'fatness but fitness' paradox or the 'obesity paradox'. Although maintenance of optimal cardiometabolic status should be a primary goal in individuals with obesity, losing body weight and, particularly, excess visceral adiposity seems to be necessary to minimize the risk of cardiometabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro L Valenzuela
- Physical Activity and Health Research Group (PaHerg), Research Institute of Hospital 12 de Octubre ("i + 12"), Madrid, Spain.
- Department of Systems Biology, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Spain.
| | - Pedro Carrera-Bastos
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Daniel E Lieberman
- Department of Human Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Alejandro Santos-Lozano
- Physical Activity and Health Research Group (PaHerg), Research Institute of Hospital 12 de Octubre ("i + 12"), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Health Sciences, European University Miguel de Cervantes, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Alejandro Lucia
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
- CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain.
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Yang NI, Kuo LT, Lee CC, Ting MK, Wu IW, Chen SW, Hsu KH. Associations of Three-Dimensional Anthropometric Body Surface Scanning Measurements and Coronary Artery Disease. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:570. [PMID: 36984571 PMCID: PMC10056801 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59030570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: The relationship between three-dimensional (3D) scanning-derived body surface measurements and biomarkers in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) were assessed. Methods and Methods: The recruitment of 98 patients with CAD confirmed by cardiac catheterization and 98 non-CAD patients were performed between March 2016 and December 2017. A health questionnaire on basic information, life style variables, and past medical and family history was completed. 3D body surface measurements and biomarkers were obtained. Differences between the two groups were assessed and multivariable analysis performed. Results: It was found that chest width (odds ratio [OR] 0.761, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.586-0.987, p = 0.0399), right arm length (OR 0.743, 95% CI = 0.632-0.875, p = 0.0004), waist circumference (OR 1.119, 95% CI = 1.035-1.21, p = 0.0048), leptin (OR 1.443, 95% CI = 1.184-1.76, p = 0.0003), adiponectin (OR 0.978, 95% CI = 0.963-0.994, p = 0.006), and interleukin 6 (OR 1.181, 95% CI = 1.021-1.366, p = 0.0254) were significantly associated with CAD. The combination of biomarker scores and body measurement scores had the greatest area under the curve and best association with CAD (area under the curve of 0.8049 and 95% CI = 0.7440-0.8657). Conclusions: Our study suggests that 3D derived body surface measurements in combination with leptin, adiponectin, and interleukin 6 levels may direct us to those at risk of CAD, allowing a non-invasive approach to identifying high-risk patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning-I Yang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung 204, Taiwan
| | - Li-Tang Kuo
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung 204, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Chan Lee
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung 204, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Kuo Ting
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung 204, Taiwan
| | - I-Wen Wu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung 204, Taiwan
| | - Shuo-Wei Chen
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung 204, Taiwan
| | - Kuang-Hung Hsu
- Laboratory for Epidemiology, Department of Health Care Management, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Department of Health Care Management, Healthy Aging Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Department of Safety, Health and Environmental Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei City 243, Taiwan
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Fiorucci S, Distrutti E. Linking liver metabolic and vascular disease via bile acid signaling. Trends Mol Med 2021; 28:51-66. [PMID: 34815180 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2021.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a metabolic disorder affecting over one quarter of the global population. Liver fat accumulation in NAFLD is promoted by increased de novo lipogenesis leading to the development of a proatherosclerotic lipid profile and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD). The CVD component of NAFLD is the main determinant of patient outcome. The farnesoid X receptor (FXR) and the G protein bile acid-activated receptor 1 (GPBAR1) are bile acid-activated receptors that modulate inflammation and lipid and glucose metabolism in the liver and CV system, and are thus potential therapeutic targets. We review bile acid signaling in liver, metabolic tissues, and the CV system, and we propose the development of dual FXR/GPBAR1 ligands, intestine-restricted FXR ligands, or statin combinations to limit side effects and effectively manage the liver and CV components of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Fiorucci
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università di Perugia, Perugia, Italy.
| | - Eleonora Distrutti
- Struttura Complessa di Gastroenterologia ed Epatologia, Azienda Ospedaliera di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
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Rubina KA, Semina EV, Kalinina NI, Sysoeva VY, Balatskiy AV, Tkachuk VA. Revisiting the multiple roles of T-cadherin in health and disease. Eur J Cell Biol 2021; 100:151183. [PMID: 34798557 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2021.151183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
As a non-canonical member of cadherin superfamily, T-cadherin was initially described as a molecule involved in homophilic recognition in the nervous and vascular systems. The ensuing decades clearly demonstrated that T-cadherin is a remarkably multifunctional molecule. It was validated as a bona fide receptor for both: LDL exerting adverse atherogenic action and adiponectin mediating many protective metabolic and cardiovascular effects. Motivated by the latest progress and accumulated data unmasking important roles of T-cadherin in blood vessel function and tissue regeneration, here we revisit the original function of T-cadherin as a guidance receptor for the growing axons and blood vessels, consider the recent data on T-cadherin-induced exosomes' biogenesis and their role in myocardial regeneration and revascularization. The review expands upon T-cadherin contribution to mesenchymal stem/stromal cell compartment in adipose tissue. We also dwell upon T-cadherin polymorphisms (SNP) and their possible therapeutic applications. Furthermore, we scrutinize the molecular hub of insulin and adiponectin receptors (AdipoR1 and AdipoR2) conveying signals to their downstream targets in quest for defining a putative place of T-cadherin in this molecular circuitry.
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Affiliation(s)
- K A Rubina
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119192 Moscow, Russia.
| | - E V Semina
- Institute of Experimental Cardiology, National Cardiology Research Center of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 121552 Moscow, Russia
| | - N I Kalinina
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119192 Moscow, Russia
| | - V Yu Sysoeva
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119192 Moscow, Russia
| | - A V Balatskiy
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119192 Moscow, Russia
| | - V A Tkachuk
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119192 Moscow, Russia; Institute of Experimental Cardiology, National Cardiology Research Center of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 121552 Moscow, Russia
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Chan GCK, Than WH, Kwan BCH, Lai KB, Chan RCK, Ng JKC, Chow KM, Cheng PMS, Law MC, Leung CB, Li PKT, Szeto CC. Adipose expression of miR-130b and miR-17-5p with wasting, cardiovascular event and mortality in advanced chronic kidney disease patients. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2021; 37:1935-1943. [PMID: 34601609 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfab287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There were limited data on the association of adipose microRNA expression with body composition and adverse clinical outcomes in patients with advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD). We aimed to evaluate the association of adipose miR-130b and miR-17-5p expressions with body composition, functional state, cardiovascular outcome and mortality in incident dialysis patients. METHODS We performed a single-centre prospective cohort study. Patients who were planned for peritoneal dialysis were recruited. MiR-130b and miR-17-5p expressions were measured from subcutaneous and pre-peritoneal fat tissue obtained during peritoneal dialysis catheter insertion. Body composition and physical function were assessed by bioimpedance spectroscopy and Clinical Frailty Scale. Primary outcome was 2-year survival. Secondary outcomes were 2-year technique survival and major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE) rate. RESULTS Adipose expression of miR-130b and miR-17-5p correlated with parameters of muscle mass including intracellular water (miR-130b: r = 0.191, P = 0.02; miR-17-5p: r = 0.211, P = 0.013) and lean tissue mass (miR-130b: r = 0.180, P = 0.03; miR-17-5p: r = 0.176, P = 0.004). miR-130b expression predicted frailty significantly (P = 0.016). Adipose miR-17-5p expression predicted 2-year all-cause survival (P = 0.020) and technique survival (P = 0.036), while miR-130b expression predicted incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events (P = 0.015). CONCLUSIONS Adipose miR-130b and miR-17-5p expressions correlated with body composition parameters, frailty, and predicted cardiovascular events and mortality in advanced CKD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gordon Chun-Kau Chan
- Carol & Richard Yu Peritoneal Dialysis Research Centre, Department of Medicine & Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong
| | - Win Hlaing Than
- Carol & Richard Yu Peritoneal Dialysis Research Centre, Department of Medicine & Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong
| | - Bonnie Ching-Ha Kwan
- Carol & Richard Yu Peritoneal Dialysis Research Centre, Department of Medicine & Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong
| | - Ka-Bik Lai
- Carol & Richard Yu Peritoneal Dialysis Research Centre, Department of Medicine & Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong
| | - Ronald Cheong-Kin Chan
- Department of Anatomical & Cellular Pathology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jack Kit-Chung Ng
- Carol & Richard Yu Peritoneal Dialysis Research Centre, Department of Medicine & Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong
| | - Kai-Ming Chow
- Carol & Richard Yu Peritoneal Dialysis Research Centre, Department of Medicine & Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong
| | - Phyllis Mei-Shan Cheng
- Carol & Richard Yu Peritoneal Dialysis Research Centre, Department of Medicine & Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong
| | - Man-Ching Law
- Carol & Richard Yu Peritoneal Dialysis Research Centre, Department of Medicine & Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong
| | - Chi-Bon Leung
- Carol & Richard Yu Peritoneal Dialysis Research Centre, Department of Medicine & Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong
| | - Philip Kam-Tao Li
- Carol & Richard Yu Peritoneal Dialysis Research Centre, Department of Medicine & Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong
| | - Cheuk-Chun Szeto
- Carol & Richard Yu Peritoneal Dialysis Research Centre, Department of Medicine & Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong
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Mantovani A, Danese E, Salvagno GL, Gelati M, Turino T, Bovo C, Lippi G, Targher G. Association between lower plasma adiponectin levels and higher plasma thrombin generation parameters in men with type 2 diabetes: role of plasma triglycerides. J Endocrinol Invest 2021; 44:547-555. [PMID: 32588382 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-020-01340-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Previous studies showed a significant association between lower plasma adiponectin levels and higher risk of adverse cardiovascular outcomes in patients with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Presently, it is uncertain whether lower plasma adiponectin levels are associated with greater plasma thrombin generation in patients with T2DM. PATIENTS AND METHODS We studied 82 middle-aged men with non-insulin-treated T2DM [mean age ± SD: 64.1 ± 8 years; median duration of diabetes: 12.5 (inter-quartile range 6-19) years; mean hemoglobin A1c 7.0 ± 0.7%], consecutively attending our diabetes outpatient service over a 6-month period. Using the newly developed fully automated thrombin generation analyzer ST Genesia®, we measured the plasma parameters lag time (LT), time to peak (TP), peak height (PH) and endogenous thrombin potential (ETP) in all participants. RESULTS In univariable linear regression analyses, lower plasma adiponectin levels were significantly associated with higher plasma thrombin generation parameters, as reflected by higher values of PH (Pearson's r coefficient = - 0.228, p = 0.039) and EPT (r = - 0.293, p = 0.007). Plasma adiponectin levels were not significantly associated with other thrombin generation parameters (LT and TP). Notably, the significant associations of plasma adiponectin levels with thrombin PH and EPT values persisted after adjustment for age and adiposity measures, but they were lost after additional adjustment for plasma triglycerides. CONCLUSION Our findings show for the first time the existence of a significant association between lower levels of plasma adiponectin and greater plasma thrombin generation (as assessed by the ST Genesia® analyzer) in men with non-insulin-treated T2DM, which appears to be largely mediated by plasma triglycerides.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Mantovani
- Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Piazzale Stefani, 1, 37126, Verona, Italy.
| | - E Danese
- Section of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Medicine, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - G L Salvagno
- Section of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Medicine, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - M Gelati
- Section of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Medicine, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - T Turino
- Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Piazzale Stefani, 1, 37126, Verona, Italy
| | - C Bovo
- Medical Direction, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - G Lippi
- Section of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Medicine, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - G Targher
- Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Piazzale Stefani, 1, 37126, Verona, Italy
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Role of Adiponectin and Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor in Metabolic Regulation Involved in Adiposity and Body Fat Browning. J Clin Med 2020; 10:jcm10010056. [PMID: 33375318 PMCID: PMC7794779 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10010056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity, characterized by excessive fat mass, has been emerging as a major global epidemic and contributes to the increased risk of morbidity around the world. Thus, the necessity to find effective therapy and specific regulatory mechanisms is increasing for controlling obesity. Lately, many researchers have been interested in the linkage between obesity and adipokines/myokines, particularly adiponectin and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). However, the role of adiponectin and BDNF in adiposity has not been clearly defined yet. We examined the association of adiposity with adiponectin and BDNF through human study (observational study) with Korean women and in vitro experiments. In the human study, we found a negative relationship between adiposity and circulating adiponectins but irregular patterns in the relationship between adiposity and circulating BDNFs. In the in vitro study using 3T3-L1 adipocytes, adiponectin treatment strongly promoted adipocyte differentiation and the fat browning process, whereas BDNF treatment attenuated adipocyte differentiation and the fat browning process in differentiated adipocytes. Our results demonstrate that adiponectin and BDNF play an important role in regulating fat mass and the expression of fat-browning markers in different ways, and also suggest that circulating adiponectin may be used as an important monitoring index for obesity status.
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Lee CH, Lui DTW, Cheung CYY, Fong CHY, Yuen MMA, Chow WS, Woo YC, Xu A, Lam KSL. Higher Circulating Adiponectin Concentrations Predict Incident Cancer in Type 2 Diabetes - The Adiponectin Paradox. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2020; 105:5740218. [PMID: 32072163 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgaa075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Despite the beneficial cardiometabolic effects of adiponectin demonstrated in preclinical studies, paradoxically higher circulating adiponectin concentrations have been found in epidemiological studies to be associated with incident cardiovascular events, renal outcomes, and mortality in patients with diabetes. On the other hand, diabetes is also associated with an increased risk of cancer. Here, we investigated prospectively the association between circulating adiponectin concentrations and incident cancer using a cohort of exclusively individuals with type 2 diabetes. MATERIALS AND METHODS Baseline serum adiponectin concentrations were measured in 5658 participants recruited from the Hong Kong West Diabetes Registry. The associations of circulating adiponectin concentrations with incident cancer and cancer-related deaths were evaluated using multivariable Cox regression analysis, with hazard ratio (HR) for adiponectin referring to the respective risk per doubling of serum adiponectin concentration. RESULTS Over a median-follow up of 6.5 years, 7.53% and 3% of participants developed cancer and had cancer-related deaths, respectively. Serum adiponectin concentrations were significantly higher in those who had incident cancer (9.8 μg/mL vs 9.1 μg/mL, P < 0.001) and cancer-related deaths (11.5 μg/mL vs 9.3 μg/mL, P < 0.001) compared with those without. Moreover, in multivariable analyses, serum adiponectin concentration was independently associated with both incident cancer (hazard ratio, 1.19; 95% confidence interval, 1.05-1.35; P = 0.006) and cancer-related deaths (hazard ratio, 1.23; 95% confidence interval, 1.03-1.47; P = 0.024). CONCLUSIONS Higher serum adiponectin concentration was independently associated with incident cancer and cancer-related deaths in type 2 diabetes, indicating that adiponectin paradox can be observed in another major diabetic complication in addition to cardiovascular and kidney diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Ho Lee
- Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
- Research Center of Heart, Brain, Hormone and Healthy Aging, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - David T W Lui
- Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | | | - Carol H Y Fong
- Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | | | - Wing Sun Chow
- Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Yu Cho Woo
- Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Aimin Xu
- Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
- Research Center of Heart, Brain, Hormone and Healthy Aging, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Karen S L Lam
- Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
- Research Center of Heart, Brain, Hormone and Healthy Aging, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
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Jara A, Dreher M, Porter K, Christian LM. The association of maternal obesity and race with serum adipokines in pregnancy and postpartum: Implications for gestational weight gain and infant birth weight. Brain Behav Immun Health 2020; 3:100053. [PMID: 34589839 PMCID: PMC8474630 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbih.2020.100053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Adiponectin and leptin are hormones known to play roles in maternal metabolism during pregnancy. Levels of these hormones have been demonstrated to vary based on adiposity and race. However, there is a lack of data concerning the relationship between race and the change of adiponectin and leptin throughout pregnancy. The purpose of this study was to examine serum levels of adiponectin, leptin, and leptin-to-adiponectin ratio (LAR) throughout pregnancy and to assess their association with gestational weight gain (GWG) and infant birth weight while considering the effects of race and pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI). Serum levels of adiponectin, leptin, gestational weight gain, and infant birth weight were measured in 80 pregnant women at early (12.4 ± 1.3 weeks gestation), mid (20.6 ± 1.3 weeks gestation), late pregnancy (29.2 ± 1.4 weeks gestation), and 7-11 weeks postpartum (8.8 ± 0.8 weeks). In women overall, serum adiponectin decreased across pregnancy and increased at postpartum (p = 0.17.) At each prenatal timepoint, both black race and obesity were associated with lower adiponectin (ps < 0.05). In women overall, serum leptin increased across pregnancy, and declined at postpartum. At every assessment, a stepwise increase in leptin was observed in relation to BMI class. Black women with obesity had markedly higher LAR in mid- and late pregnancy and postpartum than all other groups (p < 0.05). Serum leptin during pregnancy was significantly associated with total GWG in both black and white women (ps < 0.005). Neither adiponectin, leptin, nor LAR were associated with infant birth weight. Race and BMI both have significant effects on serum adiponectin, leptin, and LAR levels in pregnancy and postpartum. Notably, the combined effects of race and BMI result in markedly higher LAR among black women with obesity. Implications for racial disparities in metabolic syndrome and postpartum weight retention remain to be explicated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Jara
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Health, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Mary Dreher
- The Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Kyle Porter
- Center for Biostatistics, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Lisa M. Christian
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Health, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
- The Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Psychology, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
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11
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Dominick L, Midgley N, Swart LM, Sprake D, Deshpande G, Laher I, Joseph D, Teer E, Essop MF. HIV-related cardiovascular diseases: the search for a unifying hypothesis. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2020; 318:H731-H746. [PMID: 32083970 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00549.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Although the extensive rollout of antiretroviral (ARV) therapy resulted in a longer life expectancy for people living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLHIV), such individuals display a relatively increased occurrence of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). This health challenge stimulated significant research interests in the field, leading to an improved understanding of both lifestyle-related risk factors and the underlying mechanisms of CVD onset in PLHIV. However, despite such progress, the precise role of various risk factors and mechanisms underlying the development of HIV-mediated CVD still remains relatively poorly understood. Therefore, we review CVD onset in PLHIV and focus on 1) the spectrum of cardiovascular complications that typically manifest in such persons and 2) underlying mechanisms that are implicated in this process. Here, the contributions of such factors and modulators and underlying mechanisms are considered in a holistic and integrative manner to generate a unifying hypothesis that includes identification of the core pathways mediating CVD onset. The review focuses on the sub-Saharan African context, as there are relatively high numbers of PLHIV residing within this region, indicating that the greater CVD risk will increasingly threaten the well-being and health of its citizens. It is our opinion that such an approach helps point the way for future research efforts to improve treatment strategies and/or lifestyle-related modifications for PLHIV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leanne Dominick
- Centre for Cardio-metabolic Research in Africa, Department of Physiological Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Natasha Midgley
- Centre for Cardio-metabolic Research in Africa, Department of Physiological Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Lisa-Mari Swart
- Centre for Cardio-metabolic Research in Africa, Department of Physiological Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Devon Sprake
- Centre for Cardio-metabolic Research in Africa, Department of Physiological Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Gaurang Deshpande
- Centre for Cardio-metabolic Research in Africa, Department of Physiological Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Ismail Laher
- Centre for Cardio-metabolic Research in Africa, Department of Physiological Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa.,Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology, and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Danzil Joseph
- Centre for Cardio-metabolic Research in Africa, Department of Physiological Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Eman Teer
- Centre for Cardio-metabolic Research in Africa, Department of Physiological Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - M Faadiel Essop
- Centre for Cardio-metabolic Research in Africa, Department of Physiological Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
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The Role of Cardiac T-Cadherin in the Indicating Heart Failure Severity of Patients with Non-Ischemic Dilated Cardiomyopathy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 56:medicina56010027. [PMID: 31936691 PMCID: PMC7023024 DOI: 10.3390/medicina56010027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Background and objectives: T-cadherin (T-cad) is one of the adiponectin receptors abundantly expressed in the heart and blood vessels. Experimental studies show that T-cad sequesters adiponectin in cardiovascular tissues and is critical for adiponectin-mediated cardio-protection. However, there are no data connecting cardiac T-cad levels with human chronic heart failure (HF). The aim of this study was to assess whether myocardial T-cad concentration is associated with chronic HF severity and whether the T-cad levels in human heart tissue might predict outcomes in patients with non-ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy (NI-DCM). Materials and Methods: 29 patients with chronic NI-DCM and advanced HF were enrolled. Patients underwent regular laboratory investigations, echocardiography, coronary angiography, and right heart catheterization. TNF-α and IL6 in serum were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Additionally, endomyocardial biopsies were obtained, and the levels of T-cad were assessed by ELISA and CD3, CD45Ro, CD68, and CD4- immunohistochemically. Mean pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP) was used as a marker of HF severity, subdividing patients into two groups: mean PCWP > 19 mmHg vs. mean PCWP < 19 mmHg. Patients were followed-up for 5 years. The study outcome was composite: left ventricular assist device implantation, heart transplantation, or death from cardiovascular causes. Results: T-cad shows an inverse correlation with the mean PCWP (rho = −0.397, p = 0.037). There is a tendency towards a lower T-cad concentration in patients with more severe HF, as indicated by the mean PCWP > 19 mmHg compared to those with mean PCWP ≤ 19 mmHg (p = 0.058). Cardiac T-cad levels correlate negatively with myocardial CD3 cell count (rho = −0.423, p = 0.028). Conclusions: Univariate Cox regression analysis did not prove T-cad to be an outcome predictor (HR = 1, p = 0.349). However, decreased T-cad levels in human myocardium can be an additional indicator of HF severity. T-cad in human myocardium has an anti-inflammatory role. More studies are needed to extend the role of T-cad in the outcome prediction of patients with NI-DCM.
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13
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Dombrovska NS, Nastina OM, Voloshko VI, Pleskach OY. MORPHOLOGICAL AND FUNCTIONAL MYOCARDIAL ABNORMALITIES IN THE CHORNOBYL NPP ACCIDENT CLEAN-UP WORKERS OF «IODINE» PERIOD HAVING GOT TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS. PROBLEMY RADIAT︠S︡IĬNOÏ MEDYT︠S︡YNY TA RADIOBIOLOHIÏ 2019; 23:302-330. [PMID: 30582854 DOI: 10.33145/2304-8336-2018-23-302-330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Evaluation of morphological and functional myocardial abnormalities in the Chornobyl NPP (ChNPP)accident clean-up workers (ACUW) of the «iodine» period exposed to ionizing radiation at a young age and havinggot the type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). MATERIALS AND METHODS The ChNPP ACUW of «iodine» period (n=111) exposed to ionizing radiation (IR) at a young age(18-35 years) were involved in the study. Subjects having got the T2DM were included in study Group I (n = 66), per-sons with normal glucose challenge test were selected as a comparison Group II (n = 45). External radiation doses (ERD)ranged from 10 to 860 mSv. The Group III (clinical control) included persons having got the T2DM with no radiationexposure in a history (n=20). Group IV was the normative one. There was no statistical difference between the groups inage, sociodemographic characteristics and level of education. Echocardiography and cardiac Doppler sonography wereperformed in one- and two-dimensional regimens according to the recommendations of the European Association ofEchocardiography. Total adiponectin and proinflammatory cytokine (TNF-α and IL-6) concentrations were assayed by theimmunoenzyme method. Statistical processing of data was carried out using the Microsoft® Exel 2002 software. RESULTS Myocardial remodeling in the ChNPP ACUW of a «iodine» period having the T2DM occurred through a sig-nificant increase of its linear parameters. Volumetric parameters (EDV, ESV and their indexes) were within maximumpermissible limits significantly exceeding however the values in the Group IV. There was aт increase in myocardialmass of the left ventricle and its indices with the formation of structural-geometric abnormalities, mainly in theform of concentric hypertrophy with a decrease in the myocardial contractile capacity. There was no differences ofthe vast majority of key morphometric parameters of myocardium in the dose subgroups, while in persons with ERD> 500 mSv the incidence of serious left ventricular hypertrophy (LVMMI > 149 g/m2) significantly exceeded thisvalue in individuals with lower ERD. At a maximum ERD the more intense fibroplastic processes were observed inmyocardium [a significant increase in the interstitial collagen volumetric fraction (ICVF)] as compared to the caseswith ERD up to 50 mSv. Intensification of myocardial fibroblastic processes occurred in the comparizin group andgroup off clinical control. In combination with concentric myocardial hypertrophy this may lead to an increased riskof cardiovascular complications. Strong negative correlation was revealed between the parameters of left ventricu-lar structure in diastole and adiponectin level in the ChNPP ACUW of a «iodine» period with diagnosed T2DM, high-lighting its cardioprotective effect. At the same time, the content of FNP-α and IL-6 proinflammatory cytokines hada positive correlation with the main parameters of abnormal myocardial remodeling, indicating the possibility oftheir role in unfavorable cardiovascular modifications. CONCLUSIONS The decreased adiponectin level and elevated levels of TNF-α and IL-6 in the ChNPP ACUW of a«iodine» period having got the T2DM are the meaningful factors in progression of LV geometric remodeling. Togetherwith fibroplastic processes (a significant increase in ICVF) this may be a basis for the development of myocardialremodeling processes, namely a concentric hypertrophy, which is a prerequisite for the development of complica-tions in cardiovascular system.
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Affiliation(s)
- N S Dombrovska
- State Institution «National Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine», 53 Melnykova str., Kyiv, 04050, Ukraine
| | - O M Nastina
- State Institution «National Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine», 53 Melnykova str., Kyiv, 04050, Ukraine
| | - V I Voloshko
- State Institution «National Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine», 53 Melnykova str., Kyiv, 04050, Ukraine
| | - O Ya Pleskach
- State Institution «National Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine», 53 Melnykova str., Kyiv, 04050, Ukraine
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14
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Zahary MN, Harun NS, Yahaya R, Nik Him NAS, Rohin MAK, Ridzwan NH, Jumli MN, Wan Jusoh AF. Serum adiponectin and resistin: Correlation with metabolic syndrome and its associated criteria among temiar subtribe in Malaysia. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2019; 13:2015-2019. [PMID: 31235129 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2019.04.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is characterized as a cluster of metabolic disorder including increased blood pressure, elevated blood glucose level, high cholesterol level and visceral fat obesity. Polypeptide hormones such as adiponectin and resistin play a significant role in glucose and lipids metabolism, liver and pancreas function. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between serum adiponectin and resistin with MetS criteria among Temiar subtribe in Kuala Betis. MATERIALS AND METHODS This cross sectional study involved 123 subjects from Temiar subtribe in Kuala Betis, Gua Musang, Kelantan. MetS criteria were measured according to standard protocol by modified National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP ATP III) guideline. Anthropometric and biochemical measurements were performed including serum adiponectin and resistin for every study subjects. RESULTS Serum adiponectin was significantly lower in MetS subjects (7.98 ± 5.65 ng/ml) but serum resistin was found to be significantly higher in MetS subjects (11.22 ± 6.34 ng/ml) compared to non-MetS subjects with p < 0.001 and p = 0.002 respectively. Serum adiponectin was negatively correlated with most of the cardio-metabolic risk factors; BMI, waist circumference, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, triglyceride and total cholesterol. Serum resistin was found to be positively correlated with BMI, waist circumference, fasting blood glucose and total cholesterol. CONCLUSION The difference in serum adiponectin and resistin level among MetS individuals indicated the potential of serum adiponectin and resistin to be used as a biomarker for the diagnosis of MetS among Temiar subtribe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Nizam Zahary
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Gong Badak Campus, 21300, Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Nur Sakinah Harun
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Gong Badak Campus, 21300, Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Rosliza Yahaya
- Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Medical Campus, Jalan Sultan Mahmud, 20400, Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Nik Ahmad Shaiffudin Nik Him
- Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Medical Campus, Jalan Sultan Mahmud, 20400, Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Adzim Khalili Rohin
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Gong Badak Campus, 21300, Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Nur Haslinda Ridzwan
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Gong Badak Campus, 21300, Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Mimie Noratiqah Jumli
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Gong Badak Campus, 21300, Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Azizul Fadzli Wan Jusoh
- Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Medical Campus, Jalan Sultan Mahmud, 20400, Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia.
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15
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Komiyama M, Ozaki Y, Wada H, Yamakage H, Satoh-Asahara N, Morimoto T, Shimatsu A, Takahashi Y, Hasegawa K. The effects of dietary instruction on cardiovascular risk markers after smoking cessation: study protocol for a multicenter randomized controlled trial in Japan. Trials 2018; 19:538. [PMID: 30286787 PMCID: PMC6172844 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-018-2919-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Weight gain frequently occurs after smoking cessation (SC); the risk of new-onset diabetes mellitus increases for several years after SC. However, no large-scale, randomized controlled trials have examined the effects of nutritional guidance on post-SC cardiovascular risk. The current trial will enroll individuals who successfully quit smoking with the help of a SC clinic and who gain weight, to determine the effects of nutritional guidance on cardiovascular, glucose, and lipid metabolism biomarkers. Methods/design This is a multicenter, prospective, parallel-group, randomized controlled trial. Some 250 individuals who successfully quit smoking with the help of a SC clinic and who gain weight (an increase of ≥ 1.25% Body Mass Index (BMI) between the first and the fifth visit to the SC clinic) will be enrolled within 1 month of the final (fifth) visit to the SC clinic. These participants will be randomly assigned to an intervention group (125 individuals receiving nutritional guidance) or a control group (125 individuals not receiving nutritional guidance). A registered dietitian will provide nutritional guidance once every 3 months for a total of three sessions. The primary endpoint for this trial will be the level of adiponectin, a predictor of cardiovascular risk that reflects weight and smoking status. Secondary endpoints will be levels of cardiovascular, glucose, and lipid metabolism biomarkers, BMI, abdominal circumference, and the percentage of individuals who quit smoking for a prolonged period. Discussion This trial will determine the benefits of nutritional guidance with respect to post-SC weight gain. The findings should provide useful information for devising a quality protocol for SC education to prevent cardiovascular disease. Trial registration The study is registered at the University Hospital Medical Information Network Clinical Trials Registry (UMIN000030282). Registered on 6 December 2017. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13063-018-2919-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maki Komiyama
- Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, 1-1 Mukaihata-cho, Fukakusa, Fushimi-ku, Kyoto, 612-8555, Japan.
| | - Yuka Ozaki
- Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, 1-1 Mukaihata-cho, Fukakusa, Fushimi-ku, Kyoto, 612-8555, Japan
| | - Hiromichi Wada
- Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, 1-1 Mukaihata-cho, Fukakusa, Fushimi-ku, Kyoto, 612-8555, Japan
| | - Hajime Yamakage
- Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, 1-1 Mukaihata-cho, Fukakusa, Fushimi-ku, Kyoto, 612-8555, Japan
| | - Noriko Satoh-Asahara
- Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, 1-1 Mukaihata-cho, Fukakusa, Fushimi-ku, Kyoto, 612-8555, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Morimoto
- Division of Molecular Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka City, Japan
| | - Akira Shimatsu
- Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, 1-1 Mukaihata-cho, Fukakusa, Fushimi-ku, Kyoto, 612-8555, Japan
| | - Yuko Takahashi
- Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, 1-1 Mukaihata-cho, Fukakusa, Fushimi-ku, Kyoto, 612-8555, Japan
| | - Koji Hasegawa
- Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, 1-1 Mukaihata-cho, Fukakusa, Fushimi-ku, Kyoto, 612-8555, Japan
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Vilar-Gomez E, Calzadilla-Bertot L, Wai-Sun Wong V, Castellanos M, Aller-de la Fuente R, Metwally M, Eslam M, Gonzalez-Fabian L, Alvarez-Quiñones Sanz M, Conde-Martin AF, De Boer B, McLeod D, Hung Chan AW, Chalasani N, George J, Adams LA, Romero-Gomez M. Fibrosis Severity as a Determinant of Cause-Specific Mortality in Patients With Advanced Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Multi-National Cohort Study. Gastroenterology 2018; 155:443-457.e17. [PMID: 29733831 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2018.04.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 517] [Impact Index Per Article: 86.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Revised: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Little is known about the natural course of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) with advanced fibrosis. We describe long-term outcomes and evaluate the effects of clinical and histologic parameters on disease progression in patients with advanced NAFLD. METHODS We conducted a multi-national study of 458 patients with biopsy-confirmed NAFLD with bridging fibrosis (F3, n = 159) or compensated cirrhosis (222 patients with Child-Turcotte-Pugh scores of A5 and 77 patients with scores of A6), evaluated from April 1995 through November 2013 and followed until December 2016, death, or liver transplantation at hepatology centers in Spain, Australia, Hong Kong, and Cuba. Biopsies were re-evaluated and scored; demographic, clinical, laboratory, and pathology data for each patient were collected from the time of liver biopsy collection. Cox proportional and competing risk models were used to estimate rates of transplantation-free survival and major clinical events and to identify factors associated with outcomes. RESULTS During a mean follow-up time of 5.5 years (range, 2.7-8.2 years), 37 patients died, 37 received liver transplants, 88 had initial hepatic decompensation events, 41 developed hepatocellular carcinoma, 14 had vascular events, and 30 developed nonhepatic cancers. A higher proportion of patients with F3 fibrosis survived transplantation-free for 10 years (94%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 86%-99%) than of patients with cirrhosis and Child-Turcotte-Pugh A5 (74%; 95% CI, 61%-89%) or Child-Turcotte-Pugh A6 (17%; 95% CI, 6%-29%). Patients with cirrhosis were more likely than patients with F3 fibrosis to have hepatic decompensation (44%; 95% CI, 32%-60% vs 6%, 95% CI, 2%-13%) or hepatocellular carcinoma (17%; 95% CI, 8%-31% vs 2.3%, 95% CI, 1%-12%). The cumulative incidence of vascular events was higher in patients with F3 fibrosis (7%; 95% CI, 3%-18%) than cirrhosis (2%; 95% CI, 0%-6%). The cumulative incidence of nonhepatic malignancies was higher in patients with F3 fibrosis (14%; 95% CI, 7%-23%) than cirrhosis (6%; 95% CI, 2%-15%). Death or transplantation, decompensation, and hepatocellular carcinoma were independently associated with baseline cirrhosis and mild (<33%) steatosis, whereas moderate alcohol consumption was associated with these outcomes only in patients with cirrhosis. CONCLUSIONS Patients with NAFLD cirrhosis have predominantly liver-related events, whereas those with bridging fibrosis have predominantly nonhepatic cancers and vascular events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Vilar-Gomez
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indiana; Unit for the Clinical Management of Digestive Diseases. Centro para la Investigacion Biomedica en Red de Enfermedades Hepaticas y Digestivas, Virgen del Rocio University Hospital, University of Seville, Seville, Spain.
| | - Luis Calzadilla-Bertot
- Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, the University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Australia
| | - Vincent Wai-Sun Wong
- Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Marlen Castellanos
- Department of Hepatology, National Institute of Gastroenterology, Havana, Cuba
| | - Rocio Aller-de la Fuente
- Department of Digestive Disease, Institute of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Mayada Metwally
- Storr Liver Centre, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead Hospital and University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Mohammed Eslam
- Storr Liver Centre, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead Hospital and University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | | | | | - Bastiaan De Boer
- Department of Pathology, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, Australia
| | - Duncan McLeod
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Institute of Clinical Pathology and Medical Research, Westmead Hospital, Sidney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Anthony Wing Hung Chan
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Naga Chalasani
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indiana
| | - Jacob George
- Storr Liver Centre, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead Hospital and University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Leon A Adams
- Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, the University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Australia
| | - Manuel Romero-Gomez
- Unit for the Clinical Management of Digestive Diseases. Centro para la Investigacion Biomedica en Red de Enfermedades Hepaticas y Digestivas, Virgen del Rocio University Hospital, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
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17
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Ethemoglu O, Ay H, Koyuncu I, Gönel A. Comparison of cytokines and prooxidants/antioxidants markers among adults with refractory versus well-controlled epilepsy: A cross-sectional study. Seizure 2018; 60:105-109. [PMID: 29935409 DOI: 10.1016/j.seizure.2018.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Revised: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aims to investigate the serum adiponectin, interleukin (IL)-6 and oxidative stress in epilepsy patients who are refractory or non-refractory to treatments. METHOD The study comprised 31 refractory epilepsy, 29 well-controlled epilepsy patients and control group including 29 healthy individuals. The serum adiponectin, IL-6, total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status levels (TOS) and oxidative stress index (OSİ) were determined. RESULTS The mean serum adiponectin and TAS levels were significantly lower in the refractory epilepsy patients than in the healty controls, and mean IL-6, TOS and OSİ levels were significantly higher. The serum adiponectin, IL-6, TAS, TOS and OSI levels were not significantly different between the well-controlled epilepsy patients and the healthy controls. CONCLUSIONS The mean serum IL-6 and oxidative stress levels in refractory epilepsy patients were higher and the serum adiponectin level was lower than the healthy control group. These findings may be associated with an increased risk of seizures, atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease in refractory epilepsy patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozlem Ethemoglu
- Harran University School of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Şanlıurfa, Turkey.
| | - Halil Ay
- Harran University School of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Şanlıurfa, Turkey
| | - Ismail Koyuncu
- Harran University School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Şanlıurfa, Turkey
| | - Ataman Gönel
- Harran University School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Şanlıurfa, Turkey
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18
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Rashiti P, Elezi S, Behluli I, Mucaj S. Relationship of Plasma Adiponectin and Waist-hip Ratio with Coronary Artery Disease. Med Arch 2018; 70:413-418. [PMID: 28210011 PMCID: PMC5292226 DOI: 10.5455/medarh.2016.70.413-418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to investigate correlation between adiponectin and waist-hip-ratio with severity of coronary artery disease (CAD). There is uncertainty about the association between circulating concentrations of adiponectin and CAD. METHODS We enrolled eighty-two consecutive patients undergoing non-urgent coronary angiography for CAD survey. According to the angiography results, the patients were divided into two groups in 1:1 ratio patients admitted with a diagnosis of CAD and non-CAD. We conducted hospital based research, involving study group with documented angiographically CAD, and control group without evidence of CAD. Angiograms were also quantified for the extent and severity of CAD by the Gensini scoring system. We measured baseline adiponectin levels in stored serum samples of all patients, anthropometric and biochemical risk factors were assessed in both groups. RESULTS The presence of CAD was associated with current smoking, male gender, waist-hip ratio (WHR) and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). Baseline adiponectin concentrations correlated significantly in terms of the lipid parameters, positively with HDL cholesterol concentrations (r=0.327, P=0.028, P<0.05) and serum triglyceride concentrations were correlated negatively (r=-0.513, P<0.001). No significant difference between median adiponectin levels at baseline was observed between cases and controls. CONCLUSION There is a significant positive correlation between waist-hip ratio and presence and severity of coronary artery disease. In conclusion, there is a significant positive correlation between adiponectin and Gensini score among Kosovar patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Premtim Rashiti
- The Cardiology Clinic, University Clinical Center of Kosovo, Prishtina, Republic of Kosova; Department of Anatomy, University Clinical Center of Kosovo, Prishtina, Republic of Kosova
| | - Shpend Elezi
- The Cardiology Clinic, University Clinical Center of Kosovo, Prishtina, Republic of Kosova
| | - Ibrahim Behluli
- Department of Anatomy, University Clinical Center of Kosovo, Prishtina, Republic of Kosova
| | - Sefedin Mucaj
- Department of Epidemiology National Institute of Public Health of Kosova
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Sente T, Gevaert A, Van Berendoncks A, Vrints CJ, Hoymans VY. The evolving role of adiponectin as an additive biomarker in HFrEF. Heart Fail Rev 2018; 21:753-769. [PMID: 27480276 DOI: 10.1007/s10741-016-9578-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is a growing health problem. Despite improved management and outcome, the number of patients with HF is expected to keep rising in the following years. In recent research, adiponectin was shown to exert beneficial effects in the cardiovascular system, but the protein was also implicated in the development and progression of HF. The objective of this review is to provide an overview of current knowledge on the role of adiponectin in HF with reduced ejection fraction. We discuss the cardioprotective and (anti-) inflammatory actions of adiponectin and its potential use in clinical diagnosis and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahnee Sente
- Laboratory for Cellular and Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium.
- Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Translational Pathophysiological Research, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - Andreas Gevaert
- Laboratory for Cellular and Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
- Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Translational Pathophysiological Research, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - An Van Berendoncks
- Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Translational Pathophysiological Research, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Christiaan J Vrints
- Laboratory for Cellular and Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
- Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Translational Pathophysiological Research, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Vicky Y Hoymans
- Laboratory for Cellular and Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
- Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Translational Pathophysiological Research, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Antwerp, Belgium
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20
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Jialal I, Devaraj S. Subcutaneous adipose tissue biology in metabolic syndrome. Horm Mol Biol Clin Investig 2018; 33:hmbci-2017-0074. [PMID: 29353263 DOI: 10.1515/hmbci-2017-0074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a common global problem that comprises the cardio-metabolic cluster and predisposes to both diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Although the pathogenic mechanisms have not been elucidated, both increased inflammation and insulin resistance play a pivotal role. It appears that both monocyte/macrophages and adipose tissue (AT) conspire to accentuate both the pro-inflammatory state and increased insulin resistance. Whilst there are scant data on visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) biology, there are data on subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) dysregulation. There is a significant increase in macrophages and crown-like structures in the SAT of patients with MetS. With respect to adipokines, there is an increase in plasma leptin, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, retinol-binding protein-4 (RBP-4), chemerin, serum amyloid-A, C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-1, -6, -8, lipopolysaccharide, fetuin A (FetA) and a decrease in adiponectin and omentin-1. All of the abnormalities in plasma were also confirmed for SAT-secreted adipokines except for adiponectin and RBP-4 which derive largely from VAT. As many of these biomediators correlate with both insulin resistance and increased inflammation, we can posit that dysregulation of SAT is detrimental and contributes to both the pathogenesis of MetS and its sequalae. Furthermore, as future directions, much work is needed with respect to VAT/EAT biology, autophagy, sirtuins, the gut microbiome, browning of AT, to further elucidate this common syndrome and identify potential therapeutic targets to forestall its serious complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishwarlal Jialal
- Section of Endocrinology, VA Medical Center, Mather and California North-State University College of Medicine, 9700 West Taron Drive, Elk Grove, CA 95757, USA, Fax: +916-686-7310
| | - Sridevi Devaraj
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
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21
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Kyrou I, Tsantarlioti O, Panagiotakos DB, Tsigos C, Georgousopoulou E, Chrysohoou C, Skoumas I, Tousoulis D, Stefanadis C, Pitsavos C. Adiponectin circulating levels and 10-year (2002-2012) cardiovascular disease incidence: the ATTICA Study. Endocrine 2017; 58:542-552. [PMID: 29039145 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-017-1434-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Adiponectin is an adipokine with anti-inflammatory and cardiovascular-protective properties. Existing epidemiological evidence is conflicting on the exact relationship between adiponectin and long-term cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Our aim was to prospectively assess whether circulating adiponectin is associated with long-term incident CVD. METHODS A population-based, prospective study in adults (>18 years) without previous CVD history (ATTICA study). Circulating total adiponectin levels were measured at baseline (2001-2002) in a sub-sample (n = 531; women/men: 222/309; age: 40 ± 11 years) of the ATTICA cohort and complete 10-year follow-up data were available in 366 of these participants (women/men: 154/212; age: 40 ± 12 years). RESULTS After adjusting for multiple factors, including age, sex, body mass index, waist circumference, smoking, physical activity, Mediterranean diet adherence, hypertension, diabetes, and hypercholesterolemia, our logistic regression analysis indicates that an increase in circulating total adiponectin levels by 1 unit was associated with 36% lower CVD risk (relative risk [RR]: 0.64, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.42-0.96; p = 0.03). Further adjusting for interleukin-6 plasma levels had no significant impact (RR: 0.60, 95% CI 0.38-0.94; p = 0.03), while additional adjustment for circulating C-reactive protein (CRP) modestly attenuated this association (RR: 0.63, 95% CI 0.40-0.99; p = 0.046). CONCLUSIONS In our study, elevated circulating total adiponectin levels were associated with lower 10-year CVD risk in adults without previous CVD, independently of other established CVD risk factors. This association appeared to be modestly attenuated by CRP, yet was not mediated by interleukin-6 which is the main endocrine/circulating pro-inflammatory cytokine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Kyrou
- Department of Science of Dietetics and Nutrition, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
- Aston Medical Research Institute, Aston Medical School, Aston University, Birmingham, B4 7ET, UK
- Translational & Experimental Medicine, Division of Biomedical Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
- WISDEM, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, CV2 2DX, UK
| | - Olga Tsantarlioti
- Department of Science of Dietetics and Nutrition, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - Demosthenes B Panagiotakos
- Department of Science of Dietetics and Nutrition, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece.
| | - Constantine Tsigos
- Department of Science of Dietetics and Nutrition, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - Ekavi Georgousopoulou
- Department of Science of Dietetics and Nutrition, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - Christina Chrysohoou
- First Cardiology Clinic, School of Medicine, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Ioannis Skoumas
- First Cardiology Clinic, School of Medicine, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Tousoulis
- First Cardiology Clinic, School of Medicine, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Christos Pitsavos
- First Cardiology Clinic, School of Medicine, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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22
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Shin HY, Park S, Lee JW. Positive association between the changes in chemerin and adiponectin levels after weight reduction. Endocr Res 2017; 42:287-295. [PMID: 28323510 DOI: 10.1080/07435800.2017.1300808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Adiponectin and chemerin have been reported their associations with insulin resistance and chronic inflammation. However, the relationship between adiponectin and chemerin themselves has not been fully elucidated. Therefore, we investigated the effects of changes in adiponectin and chemerin levels after a weight intervention. MATERIALS AND METHODS We recruited 136 healthy overweight or obese subjects from 2006 to 2009 and provided all participants lifestyle modification therapy with diet consultations over 16 weeks. We assigned the participants to take orlistat or sibutramine or to a no prescription group. We analyzed the data using paired t-tests, Pearson's partial correlation analysis, and stepwise multiple linear regression analysis. RESULTS ∆ in chemerin was positively correlated with ∆ in adiponectin (r = 0.29, p < 0.01), and these trends were similar in the insulin-resistant (r = 0.35, p = 0.03) and insulin-sensitive (r = 0.27, p < 0.01) groups. In multiple regression analyses, Δadiponectin, ΔQUICKI (quantitative insulin-sensitivity check index), Δglucose, and ΔDBP were significantly associated with Δchemerin in the insulin-resistant group, and initial chemerin level, ΔQUICKI, ΔBMI (body mass index), and taking orlistat were associated with Δchemerin in the insulin-sensitive group. CONCLUSIONS Changes in chemerin levels were positively associated with changes in adiponectin levels. The association between these changes might be related to chemerin's dual inflammatory and anti-inflammatory effects or insulin resistance and insulin sensitivity enhancing effects, depending on the metabolic conditions. Additional studies are needed to clarify the mechanisms that underlie the effects of adiponectin and chemerin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Young Shin
- a Department of Family Medicine, Myongji Hospital, Seonam University, College of Medicine , Gyeonggi-do Republic of Korea
| | - Sohee Park
- b Department of Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health, Yonsei University , Seoul , Korea
| | - Ji Won Lee
- c Department of Family Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, University College of Medicine , Seoul , Korea
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23
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Hogas S, Bilha SC, Branisteanu D, Hogas M, Gaipov A, Kanbay M, Covic A. Potential novel biomarkers of cardiovascular dysfunction and disease: cardiotrophin-1, adipokines and galectin-3. Arch Med Sci 2017; 13:897-913. [PMID: 28721158 PMCID: PMC5507105 DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2016.58664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2015] [Accepted: 12/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is one of the main burdens of healthcare systems worldwide. Nevertheless, assessing cardiovascular risk in both apparently healthy individuals and low/high-risk patients remains a difficult issue. Already established biomarkers (e.g. brain natriuretic peptide, troponin) have significantly improved the assessment of major cardiovascular events and diseases but cannot be applied to all patients and in some cases do not provide sufficiently accurate information. In this context, new potential biomarkers that reflect various underlying pathophysiological cardiac and vascular modifications are needed. Also, a multiple biomarker evaluation that shows changes in the cardiovascular state is of interest. This review describes the role of selected markers of vascular inflammation, atherosclerosis, atherothrombosis, endothelial dysfunction and cardiovascular fibrosis in the pathogenesis and prognosis of cardiovascular disease: the potential use of cardiotrophin-1, leptin, adiponectin, resistin and galectin-3 as biomarkers for various cardiovascular conditions is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Hogas
- Nephrology Department, Dialysis and Renal Transplant Center, "C.I. Parhon" University Hospital, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, Romania
| | - Stefana C Bilha
- Endocrinology Department, "Sf. Spiridon" Hospital, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, Romania
| | - Dumitru Branisteanu
- Endocrinology Department, "Sf. Spiridon" Hospital, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, Romania
| | - Mihai Hogas
- Physiology Department, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, Romania
| | - Abduzhappar Gaipov
- Extracorporeal Hemocorrection Unit, JSC "National Scientific Medical Research Center", Astana, Kazakhstan
| | - Mehmet Kanbay
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Koc University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Adrian Covic
- Nephrology Department, Dialysis and Renal Transplant Center, "C.I. Parhon" University Hospital, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, Romania
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24
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Ellulu MS, Patimah I, Khaza’ai H, Rahmat A, Abed Y. Obesity and inflammation: the linking mechanism and the complications. Arch Med Sci 2017; 13:851-863. [PMID: 28721154 PMCID: PMC5507106 DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2016.58928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1036] [Impact Index Per Article: 148.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2015] [Accepted: 12/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is the accumulation of abnormal or excessive fat that may interfere with the maintenance of an optimal state of health. The excess of macronutrients in the adipose tissues stimulates them to release inflammatory mediators such as tumor necrosis factor α and interleukin 6, and reduces production of adiponectin, predisposing to a pro-inflammatory state and oxidative stress. The increased level of interleukin 6 stimulates the liver to synthesize and secrete C-reactive protein. As a risk factor, inflammation is an imbedded mechanism of developed cardiovascular diseases including coagulation, atherosclerosis, metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance, and diabetes mellitus. It is also associated with development of non-cardiovascular diseases such as psoriasis, depression, cancer, and renal diseases. On the other hand, a reduced level of adiponectin, a significant predictor of cardiovascular mortality, is associated with impaired fasting glucose, leading to type-2 diabetes development, metabolic abnormalities, coronary artery calcification, and stroke. Finally, managing obesity can help reduce the risks of cardiovascular diseases and poor outcome via inhibiting inflammatory mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed S. Ellulu
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Ismail Patimah
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Huzwah Khaza’ai
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Asmah Rahmat
- Cancer Resource and Educational Centre (CARE), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Malaysia
| | - Yehia Abed
- Faculty of Public Health, Al Quds University of Gaza, Palestine
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25
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Kubota T, Kubota N, Sato H, Inoue M, Kumagai H, Iwamura T, Takamoto I, Kobayashi T, Moroi M, Terauchi Y, Tobe K, Ueki K, Kadowaki T. Pioglitazone Ameliorates Smooth Muscle Cell Proliferation in Cuff-Induced Neointimal Formation by Both Adiponectin-Dependent and -Independent Pathways. Sci Rep 2016; 6:34707. [PMID: 27703271 PMCID: PMC5050439 DOI: 10.1038/srep34707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2016] [Accepted: 08/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study is to elucidate to what degree adiponectin is involved in TZD-mediated amelioration of neointimal formation. We investigated the effect of 3- or 8-weeks' pioglitazone on cuff-induced neointimal formation in adiponectin-deficient (APN-KO) and wild-type (WT) mice. Pioglitazone for 3 weeks reduced neointimal formation in the WT mice with upregulation of the plasma adiponectin levels, but failed to reduce neointimal formation in the APN-KO mice, suggesting that pioglitazone suppressed neointimal formation by adiponectin-dependent mechanisms. Pioglitazone for 3 weeks suppressed vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation and increased AdipoR2 expression in the WT mice. In vitro, globular adiponectin activated AMPK through both AdipoR1 and AdipoR2, resulting in the inhibition of VSMC proliferation. Interestingly, 8-weeks' pioglitazone was reduced neointimal formation in APN-KO mice to degree similar to that seen in the WT mice, suggesting that pioglitazone can also suppress neointimal formation via a mechanism independent of adiponectin. Pioglitazone for 8 weeks completely abrogated the increased VSMC proliferation, along with a reduction of cyclin B1 and cyclin D1 expressions and cardiovascular risk profile in the APN-KO mice. In vitro, pioglitazone suppressed these expressions, leading to inhibition of VSMC proliferation. Pioglitazone suppresses neointimal formation via both adiponectin-dependent and adiponectin-independent mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuya Kubota
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan.,Laboratory for Metabolic Homeostasis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan.,Department of Clinical Nutrition, National Institute of Health and Nutrition, Tokyo 162-8636, Japan.,Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Toho University Ohashi Medical Center, Tokyo 153-8515, Japan
| | - Naoto Kubota
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan.,Laboratory for Metabolic Homeostasis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan.,Department of Clinical Nutrition, National Institute of Health and Nutrition, Tokyo 162-8636, Japan.,Department of Clinical Nutrition Therapy, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Sato
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Mariko Inoue
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan.,Department of Clinical Nutrition, National Institute of Health and Nutrition, Tokyo 162-8636, Japan
| | - Hiroki Kumagai
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Tomokatsu Iwamura
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Iseki Takamoto
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Tsuneo Kobayashi
- Department of Physiology and Morphology, Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Hoshi University, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan
| | - Masao Moroi
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Toho University Ohashi Medical Center, Tokyo 153-8515, Japan
| | - Yasuo Terauchi
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Yokohama City University, School of Medicine, Kanagawa 236-0004, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Tobe
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Kohjiro Ueki
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Takashi Kadowaki
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
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26
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Grossini E, Farruggio S, Qoqaiche F, Raina G, Camillo L, Sigaudo L, Mary D, Surico N, Surico D. Monomeric adiponectin modulates nitric oxide release and calcium movements in porcine aortic endothelial cells in normal/high glucose conditions. Life Sci 2016; 161:1-9. [PMID: 27469459 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2016.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Revised: 07/20/2016] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Perivascular adipose tissue can be involved in the process of cardiovascular pathology through the release of adipokines, namely adiponectins. Monomeric adiponectin has been shown to increase coronary blood flow in anesthetized pigs through increased nitric oxide (NO) release and the involvement of adiponectin receptor 1 (AdipoR1). The present study was therefore planned to examine the effects of monomeric adiponectin on NO release and Ca(2+) transients in porcine aortic endothelial cells (PAEs) in normal/high glucose conditions and the related mechanisms. MAIN METHODS PAEs were treated with monomeric adiponectin alone or in the presence of intracellular kinases blocker, AdipoR1 and Ca(2+)-ATPase pump inhibitors. The role of Na(+)/Ca(2+) exchanger was examined in experiments performed in zero Na(+) medium. NO release and intracellular Ca(2+) were measured through specific probes. KEY FINDINGS In PAE cultured in normal glucose conditions, monomeric adiponectin elevated NO production and [Ca(2+)]c. Similar effects were observed in high glucose conditions, although the response was lower and not transient. The Ca(2+) mobilized by monomeric adiponectin originated from an intracellular pool thapsigargin- and ATP-sensitive and from the extracellular space. Moreover, the effects of monomeric adiponectin were prevented by kinase blockers and AdipoR1 inhibitor. Finally, in normal glucose condition, a role for Na(+)/Ca(2+) exchanger and Ca(2+)-ATPase pump in restoring Ca(2+) was found. SIGNIFICANCE Our results add new information about the control of endothelial function elicited by monomeric adiponectin, which would be achieved by modulation of NO release and Ca(2+) transients. A signalling related to Akt, ERK1/2 and p38MAPK downstream AdipoR1 would be involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Grossini
- Lab. Physiology/Experimental Surgery, Dept. of Translational Medicine, University Eastern Piedmont "A. Avogadro", Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Maggiore della Carità, Corso Mazzini 36, Novara, Via Solaroli 17, Italy.
| | - Serena Farruggio
- Lab. Physiology/Experimental Surgery, Dept. of Translational Medicine, University Eastern Piedmont "A. Avogadro", Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Maggiore della Carità, Corso Mazzini 36, Novara, Via Solaroli 17, Italy
| | - Fatima Qoqaiche
- Lab. Physiology/Experimental Surgery, Dept. of Translational Medicine, University Eastern Piedmont "A. Avogadro", Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Maggiore della Carità, Corso Mazzini 36, Novara, Via Solaroli 17, Italy
| | - Giulia Raina
- Lab. Physiology/Experimental Surgery, Dept. of Translational Medicine, University Eastern Piedmont "A. Avogadro", Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Maggiore della Carità, Corso Mazzini 36, Novara, Via Solaroli 17, Italy
| | - Lara Camillo
- Lab. Physiology/Experimental Surgery, Dept. of Translational Medicine, University Eastern Piedmont "A. Avogadro", Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Maggiore della Carità, Corso Mazzini 36, Novara, Via Solaroli 17, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Sigaudo
- Lab. Physiology/Experimental Surgery, Dept. of Translational Medicine, University Eastern Piedmont "A. Avogadro", Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Maggiore della Carità, Corso Mazzini 36, Novara, Via Solaroli 17, Italy
| | - David Mary
- Lab. Physiology/Experimental Surgery, Dept. of Translational Medicine, University Eastern Piedmont "A. Avogadro", Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Maggiore della Carità, Corso Mazzini 36, Novara, Via Solaroli 17, Italy
| | - Nicola Surico
- Gynecologic Unit, Dept. of Translational Medicine, University Eastern Piedmont "A. Avogadro", Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Maggiore della Carità, Corso Mazzini 36, Novara, Via Solaroli 17, Italy
| | - Daniela Surico
- Gynecologic Unit, Dept. of Translational Medicine, University Eastern Piedmont "A. Avogadro", Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Maggiore della Carità, Corso Mazzini 36, Novara, Via Solaroli 17, Italy
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27
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Xu H, Xiong Z, Ärnlöv J, Qureshi AR, Cederholm T, Sjögren P, Lindholm B, Risérus U, Carrero JJ. Circulating Alpha-Tocopherol and Insulin Sensitivity Among Older Men With Chronic Kidney Disease. J Ren Nutr 2016; 26:177-82. [DOI: 10.1053/j.jrn.2015.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2015] [Revised: 11/02/2015] [Accepted: 11/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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28
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Leung V, Chiu YL, Kotler DP, Albu J, Zhu YS, Ham K, Engelson ES, Hammad H, Christos P, Donovan DS, Ginsberg HN, Glesby MJ. Effect of Recombinant Human Growth Hormone and Rosiglitazone for HIV-Associated Abdominal Fat Accumulation on Adiponectin and other Markers of Inflammation. HIV CLINICAL TRIALS 2016; 17:55-62. [PMID: 27077672 DOI: 10.1080/15284336.2015.1126424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE In a previous report of HIV-infected patients with fat redistribution, we found that recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) therapy reduced visceral adipose tissue (VAT) but increased insulin resistance, and that the addition of rosiglitazone reversed the negative effects of rhGH on insulin sensitivity. In this study, we sought to determine the effects of rhGH and rosiglitazone therapy on an array of inflammatory and fibrinolytic markers. METHODS 72 patients with HIV-associated abdominal obesity and insulin resistance were randomized to treatment with rhGH, rosiglitazone, the combination of rhGH and rosiglitazone, or placebo for 12 weeks. Subjects with plasma and serum samples available at weeks 0 (n=63) and 12 (n=46-48) were assessed for adiponectin, C-reactive protein, homocysteine, interleukin-1, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor alpha, interferon gamma, fibrinogen, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 antigen, and tissue plasminogen activator antigen. RESULTS Treatment with both rosiglitazone alone and the combination of rosiglitazone and rhGH for 12 weeks resulted in significant increases in adiponectin levels from baseline. Adiponectin levels did not change significantly in the rhGH arm alone . There were no significant changes in the other biomarkers among the different treatment groups. DISCUSSION In this study of HIV-infected patients with altered fat distribution, treatment with rosiglitazone had beneficial effects on adiponectin concentrations, an effect that was also seen with a combination of rosiglitazone and rhGH. RhGH administration alone, however, did not demonstrate any significant impact on adiponectin levels despite reductions in VAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivien Leung
- a Department of Medicine , Weill Cornell Medical College , New York , NY , USA.,e Department of Medicine , Bronx-Lebanon Hospital Center , Bronx , NY , USA
| | - Ya-Lin Chiu
- b Department of Healthcare Policy and Research , Weill Cornell Medical College , New York , NY , USA
| | - Donald P Kotler
- c Department of Medicine , Mount Sinai St. Luke's-Roosevelt Hospital Center , New York , NY , USA
| | - Jeanine Albu
- c Department of Medicine , Mount Sinai St. Luke's-Roosevelt Hospital Center , New York , NY , USA
| | - Yuan-Shan Zhu
- a Department of Medicine , Weill Cornell Medical College , New York , NY , USA
| | - Kirsis Ham
- a Department of Medicine , Weill Cornell Medical College , New York , NY , USA
| | - Ellen S Engelson
- c Department of Medicine , Mount Sinai St. Luke's-Roosevelt Hospital Center , New York , NY , USA
| | - Hoda Hammad
- b Department of Healthcare Policy and Research , Weill Cornell Medical College , New York , NY , USA
| | - Paul Christos
- b Department of Healthcare Policy and Research , Weill Cornell Medical College , New York , NY , USA
| | - Daniel S Donovan
- d Department of Medicine , Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons , New York , NY , USA
| | - Henry N Ginsberg
- d Department of Medicine , Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons , New York , NY , USA
| | - Marshall J Glesby
- a Department of Medicine , Weill Cornell Medical College , New York , NY , USA.,b Department of Healthcare Policy and Research , Weill Cornell Medical College , New York , NY , USA
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29
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Persson J, Strawbridge RJ, McLeod O, Gertow K, Silveira A, Baldassarre D, Van Zuydam N, Shah S, Fava C, Gustafsson S, Veglia F, Sennblad B, Larsson M, Sabater-Lleal M, Leander K, Gigante B, Tabak A, Kivimaki M, Kauhanen J, Rauramaa R, Smit AJ, Mannarino E, Giral P, Humphries SE, Tremoli E, de Faire U, Lind L, Ingelsson E, Hedblad B, Melander O, Kumari M, Hingorani A, Morris AD, Palmer CNA, Lundman P, Öhrvik J, Söderberg S, Hamsten A. Sex-Specific Effects of Adiponectin on Carotid Intima-Media Thickness and Incident Cardiovascular Disease. J Am Heart Assoc 2015; 4:e001853. [PMID: 26276317 PMCID: PMC4599454 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.115.001853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plasma adiponectin levels have previously been inversely associated with carotid intima-media thickness (IMT), a marker of subclinical atherosclerosis. In this study, we used a sex-stratified Mendelian randomization approach to investigate whether adiponectin has a causal protective influence on IMT. METHODS AND RESULTS Baseline plasma adiponectin concentration was tested for association with baseline IMT, IMT progression over 30 months, and occurrence of cardiovascular events within 3 years in 3430 participants (women, n=1777; men, n=1653) with high cardiovascular risk but no prevalent disease. Plasma adiponectin levels were inversely associated with baseline mean bifurcation IMT after adjustment for established risk factors (β=-0.018, P<0.001) in men but not in women (β=-0.006, P=0.185; P for interaction=0.061). Adiponectin levels were inversely associated with progression of mean common carotid IMT in men (β=-0.0022, P=0.047), whereas no association was seen in women (0.0007, P=0.475; P for interaction=0.018). Moreover, we observed that adiponectin levels were inversely associated with coronary events in women (hazard ratio 0.57, 95% CI 0.37 to 0.87) but not in men (hazard ratio 0.82, 95% CI 0.54 to 1.25). A gene score of adiponectin-raising alleles in 6 loci, reported recently in a large multi-ethnic meta-analysis, was inversely associated with baseline mean bifurcation IMT in men (β=-0.0008, P=0.004) but not in women (β=-0.0003, P=0.522; P for interaction=0.007). CONCLUSIONS This report provides some evidence for adiponectin protecting against atherosclerosis, with effects being confined to men; however, compared with established cardiovascular risk factors, the effect of plasma adiponectin was modest. Further investigation involving mechanistic studies is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Persson
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Danderyd University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden (J.P., B.G., P.L.)
| | - Rona J Strawbridge
- Atherosclerosis Research Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (R.J.S., O.M.L., K.G., A.S., B.S., M.S.L., J., A.H.)
| | - Olga McLeod
- Atherosclerosis Research Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (R.J.S., O.M.L., K.G., A.S., B.S., M.S.L., J., A.H.)
| | - Karl Gertow
- Atherosclerosis Research Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (R.J.S., O.M.L., K.G., A.S., B.S., M.S.L., J., A.H.)
| | - Angela Silveira
- Atherosclerosis Research Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (R.J.S., O.M.L., K.G., A.S., B.S., M.S.L., J., A.H.)
| | - Damiano Baldassarre
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università di Milano, Milan, Italy (D.B., E.T.) Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Milan, Italy (D.B., F.V., E.T.)
| | - Natalie Van Zuydam
- Medical Research Institute, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, United Kingdom (N.V.Z., A.D.M., C.A.P.)
| | - Sonia Shah
- University College London Genetics Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom (S.S.) Diamantina Institute and Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, Australia (S.S.)
| | - Cristiano Fava
- Division of Internal Medicine C, Department of Medicine, Hospital "Policlinico G.B Rossi", University of Verona, Italy (C.F.) Clinical Research Center, Department of Clinical Sciences, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden (C.F., B.H., O.M.)
| | - Stefan Gustafsson
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden (S.G., E.I.)
| | - Fabrizio Veglia
- Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Milan, Italy (D.B., F.V., E.T.)
| | - Bengt Sennblad
- Atherosclerosis Research Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (R.J.S., O.M.L., K.G., A.S., B.S., M.S.L., J., A.H.) Science for Life Laboratory, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (B.S.)
| | - Malin Larsson
- IFM Bioinformatics, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden (M.L.)
| | - Maria Sabater-Lleal
- Atherosclerosis Research Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (R.J.S., O.M.L., K.G., A.S., B.S., M.S.L., J., A.H.)
| | - Karin Leander
- Division of Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (K.L., B.G., U.F.)
| | - Bruna Gigante
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Danderyd University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden (J.P., B.G., P.L.) Division of Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (K.L., B.G., U.F.)
| | - Adam Tabak
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom (A.T., M.K.) 1st Department of Medicine, Semmelweis University Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (A.T.)
| | - Mika Kivimaki
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom (A.T., M.K.)
| | - Jussi Kauhanen
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland (J.K.)
| | - Rainer Rauramaa
- Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio, Finland (R.R.) Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital of Kuopio, Kuopio, Finland (R.R.)
| | - Andries J Smit
- Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, The Netherlands (A.J.S.)
| | - Elmo Mannarino
- Internal Medicine, Angiology and Arteriosclerosis Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, Italy (E.M.)
| | - Philippe Giral
- Assistance Publique - Hopitaux de Paris, Service Endocrinologie-Metabolisme, Groupe Hôpitalier Pitie-Salpetriere, Unités de Prévention Cardiovasculaire, Paris, France (P.G.)
| | - Steve E Humphries
- Centre for Cardiovascular Genetics, University College London, London, United Kingdom (S.E.H.)
| | - Elena Tremoli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università di Milano, Milan, Italy (D.B., E.T.) Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Milan, Italy (D.B., F.V., E.T.)
| | - Ulf de Faire
- Division of Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (K.L., B.G., U.F.)
| | - Lars Lind
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden (L.L.)
| | - Erik Ingelsson
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden (S.G., E.I.)
| | - Bo Hedblad
- Clinical Research Center, Department of Clinical Sciences, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden (C.F., B.H., O.M.)
| | - Olle Melander
- Clinical Research Center, Department of Clinical Sciences, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden (C.F., B.H., O.M.)
| | - Meena Kumari
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom (M.K., A.H.)
| | - Aroon Hingorani
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom (M.K., A.H.)
| | - Andrew D Morris
- Medical Research Institute, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, United Kingdom (N.V.Z., A.D.M., C.A.P.)
| | - Colin N A Palmer
- Medical Research Institute, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, United Kingdom (N.V.Z., A.D.M., C.A.P.)
| | - Pia Lundman
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Danderyd University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden (J.P., B.G., P.L.)
| | - John Öhrvik
- Atherosclerosis Research Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (R.J.S., O.M.L., K.G., A.S., B.S., M.S.L., J., A.H.)
| | - Stefan Söderberg
- Division of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, University of Umeå, Sweden (S.)
| | - Anders Hamsten
- Atherosclerosis Research Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (R.J.S., O.M.L., K.G., A.S., B.S., M.S.L., J., A.H.)
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Luna-Luna M, Medina-Urrutia A, Vargas-Alarcón G, Coss-Rovirosa F, Vargas-Barrón J, Pérez-Méndez Ó. Adipose Tissue in Metabolic Syndrome: Onset and Progression of Atherosclerosis. Arch Med Res 2015; 46:392-407. [PMID: 26009250 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2015.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2015] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) should be considered a clinical entity when its different symptoms share a common etiology: obesity/insulin resistance as a result of a multi-organ dysfunction. The main interest in treating MetS as a clinical entity is that the addition of its components drastically increases the risk of atherosclerosis. In MetS, the adipose tissue plays a central role along with an unbalanced gut microbiome, which has become relevant in recent years. Once visceral adipose tissue (VAT) increases, dyslipidemia and endothelial dysfunction follow as additive risk factors. However, when the nonalcoholic fatty liver is present, risk of a cardiovascular event is highly augmented. Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) seems to increase simultaneously with the VAT. In this context, the former may play a more important role in the development of the atherosclerotic plaque than the latter. Hence, EAT may act as a paracrine tissue vis-à-vis the coronary arteries favoring the local inflammation and the atheroma calcification.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Luna-Luna
- Department of Molecular Biology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Gilberto Vargas-Alarcón
- Department of Molecular Biology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología, Mexico City, Mexico; Study Group of Atherosclerosis, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Jesús Vargas-Barrón
- Echocardiography, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología, Mexico City, Mexico; Study Group of Atherosclerosis, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Óscar Pérez-Méndez
- Department of Molecular Biology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología, Mexico City, Mexico; Study Group of Atherosclerosis, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología, Mexico City, Mexico.
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Koentges C, König A, Pfeil K, Hölscher ME, Schnick T, Wende AR, Schrepper A, Cimolai MC, Kersting S, Hoffmann MM, Asal J, Osterholt M, Odening KE, Doenst T, Hein L, Abel ED, Bode C, Bugger H. Myocardial mitochondrial dysfunction in mice lacking adiponectin receptor 1. Basic Res Cardiol 2015; 110:37. [DOI: 10.1007/s00395-015-0495-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2014] [Revised: 04/25/2015] [Accepted: 05/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Effect of Extended-Release Niacin/Laropiprant Combination on Plasma Adiponectin and Insulin Resistance in Chinese Patients with Dyslipidaemia. DISEASE MARKERS 2015; 2015:154014. [PMID: 26063948 PMCID: PMC4429190 DOI: 10.1155/2015/154014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2014] [Accepted: 04/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Objectives. This study examined whether the increase of adiponectin associated with extended-release (ER) niacin/laropiprant combination attenuates the adverse effect of niacin on glucose and insulin resistance in Hong Kong Chinese patients with dyslipidaemia. Methods. Patients (N = 121) were treated with ER niacin/laropiprant 1 g/20 mg for 4 weeks and then the dose was doubled for an additional 8 weeks. Measurements of fasting lipids, glucose, insulin, and adiponectin were performed at baseline and during the study. Results. There were significant (P < 0.001) increases in glucose (9.4 ± 13.1%), insulin (70.2 ± 91.0%), HOMA-IR (87.8 ± 103.9%), and adiponectin (169.3 ± 111.6%). The increase in adiponectin was significantly associated with increase in glucose (r = 0.221, P < 0.05), insulin (r = 0.184, P < 0.05), and HOMA-IR (r = 0.237, P < 0.01) and the association remained significant after adjustment for changes in body weight or body fat mass. Conclusion. Treatment with ER niacin/laropiprant led to a significant increase in adiponectin levels but worsening of glucose levels and insulin resistance, and the increase in adiponectin and insulin resistance were correlated suggesting the increase in adiponectin did not ameliorate the deterioration in insulin resistance. Clinical trial is registered with number on WHO-ICTRP: ChiCTR-ONC-10001038.
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Balsan GA, Vieira JLDC, Oliveira AMD, Portal VL. Relationship between adiponectin, obesity and insulin resistance. Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992) 2015; 61:72-80. [DOI: 10.1590/1806-9282.61.01.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2014] [Accepted: 06/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: the conditions of obesity and overweight pose a major risk for a number of comorbidities, including clinical syndromes resulting from atherosclerotic disease. Recent studies strongly indicate that adipose tissue is an active endocrine organ that secretes bioactive factors such as adipokines. Adiponectin appears to have a regulatory role in the mechanism of insulin resistance and in the development of atherosclerosis. This systematic review aims to evaluate the anti-atherogenic effects of adiponectin and its properties to improve and mimic metabolic and vascular actions of insulin and its influence on endothelial function. Methods: a qualitative, exploratory and literature review was performed in the PubMed, Portal Capes and Scielo databases using as key-words "adiponectin", "obesity", "insulin resistance", "anti-inflammatory", "therapeutic strategies" and "future prospects". Results: evidence suggests that adiponectin has anti-atherogenic properties with anti-inflammatory effects on the vascular wall. Moreover, it modifies the vascular intracellular signaling and has indirect antioxidant effects on the human myocardium. On the other hand, there are studies suggesting that increased levels of adiponectin are paradoxically associated with a worse prognosis in heart failure syndrome, although the mechanisms are not clear. Conclusion: it is not clear whether adiponectin levels have any clinical significance for risk stratification in cardiovascular disease or if they simply reflect the activation of complex underlying mechanisms. Changes in lifestyle and some drug treatments for hypertension and coronary heart disease have shown significant effect to increase adiponectin levels, and simultaneously decrease in insulin resistance and endothelial dysfunction.
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Barahona MJ, Resmini E, Viladés D, Fernández-Real JM, Ricart W, Moreno-Navarrete JM, Pons-Lladó G, Leta R, Webb SM. Soluble TNFα-receptor 1 as a predictor of coronary calcifications in patients after long-term cure of Cushing's syndrome. Pituitary 2015; 18:135-41. [PMID: 24728972 DOI: 10.1007/s11102-014-0566-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Increased cardiovascular (CV) risk persists in Cushing's syndrome (CS), despite remission of hypercortisolism. The aim of this study was to evaluate prevalence of coronary artery disease in CS patients and its correlation with classical CV risk factors and inflammatory markers. METHODS Cardiac multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) was performed in 41 patients (7 men, 31 of pituitary origin, 29 cured, mean age: 48.6 ± 13 years), using 64-slice Toshiba Aquilion systems. Coronary atherosclerotic plaques were detected and coronary calcifications quantified by the Agatston score (AS). Clinical and biochemical parameters were correlated with the AS to identify possible surrogate markers of coronary disease. Normal values for clinical and biochemical parameters were obtained from a gender- and age-matched normal reference population (n = 82). RESULTS CS patients with calcifications (AS > 0) (N = 13, 32%) had higher levels of sTNF-R1, homocysteine, triglycerides, blood pressure and body mass index than patients without calcifications (AS = 0) and those of normal reference population. Both groups of CS patients (AS > 0 and AS = 0) had elevated trunk fat mass and IL-6 compared to reference values. Patients with AS > 0 had less adiponectin and higher insulin, HOMA and fibrinogen than those found in normal reference population. sTNF-R1 correlated positively with AS and remained significant after adjusting for confounding factors. The same result was observed when we considered only cured CS patients. CONCLUSION In our cohort of CS patients sTNF-R1 was a predictor of coronary calcifications. Since MDCT is an expensive technique not readily available in daily clinical practice, increased sTNF-R1 could be a marker of CV risk even in cured CS.
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Affiliation(s)
- María-José Barahona
- Department of Endocrinology, Hospital Universitari Mútua de Terrassa, Pl Dr Robert 5, 08221, Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain,
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35
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Ebrahimi-Mamaeghani M, Mohammadi S, Arefhosseini SR, Fallah P, Bazi Z. Adiponectin as a potential biomarker of vascular disease. Vasc Health Risk Manag 2015; 11:55-70. [PMID: 25653535 PMCID: PMC4303398 DOI: 10.2147/vhrm.s48753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing prevalence of diabetes and its complications heralds an alarming situation worldwide. Obesity-associated changes in circulating adiponectin concentrations have the capacity to predict insulin sensitivity and are a link between obesity and a number of vascular diseases. One obvious consequence of obesity is a decrease in circulating levels of adiponectin, which are associated with cardiovascular disorders and associated vascular comorbidities. Human and animal studies have demonstrated decreased adiponectin to be an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease. However, in animal studies, increased circulating adiponectin alleviates obesity-induced endothelial dysfunction and hypertension, and also prevents atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, and diabetic cardiac tissue disorders. Further, metabolism of a number of foods and medications are affected by induction of adiponectin. Adiponectin has beneficial effects on cardiovascular cells via its antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antiapoptotic, antiatherogenic, vasodilatory, and antithrombotic activity, and consequently has a favorable effect on cardiac and vascular health. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying the regulation of adiponectin secretion and signaling is critical for designing new therapeutic strategies. This review summarizes the recent evidence for the physiological role and clinical significance of adiponectin in vascular health, identification of the receptor and post-receptor signaling events related to the protective effects of the adiponectin system on vascular compartments, and its potential use as a target for therapeutic intervention in vascular disease.
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MESH Headings
- Adiponectin/immunology
- Adiponectin/metabolism
- Adipose Tissue/immunology
- Adipose Tissue/metabolism
- Adipose Tissue/physiopathology
- Animals
- Biomarkers/metabolism
- Endothelium, Vascular/immunology
- Endothelium, Vascular/metabolism
- Endothelium, Vascular/physiopathology
- Humans
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/immunology
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/physiopathology
- Prognosis
- Protective Factors
- Receptors, Adiponectin/metabolism
- Risk Factors
- Signal Transduction
- Vascular Diseases/immunology
- Vascular Diseases/metabolism
- Vascular Diseases/physiopathology
- Vascular Diseases/prevention & control
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Somayeh Mohammadi
- Department of Nutrition, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Seyed Rafie Arefhosseini
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Parviz Fallah
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering, Stem Cell Technology Research Center, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Bazi
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Obese Children and Adolescents. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2015; 878:39-47. [PMID: 26453070 DOI: 10.1007/5584_2015_168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to analyze cardiometabolic risk factors andcarotid intima-media thickness (IMT) in obese children. We studied 122 obese children fulfilling the criteria of the International Obesity Task Force and 58 non-obese children. Anthropometric parameters, blood pressure, lipid profile, C-reactive protein, and adiponectin were assessed in all children. Glucose and insulin during the oral glucose tolerance test were assessed in obese children. The IMT was determined using ultrasound B-mode imaging in 81 obese and 32 non-obese children. We found that obese children had significantly higher levels of lipid andother non-lipid atherogenic indicators, but lower levels of adiponectin compared with non-obese children. The difference in the mean carotid IMT was insignificant in the two groups. Taking the combined groups, the level of adiponectin correlated negatively with body mass index and lipid atherogenic indicators. The IMT strongly correlated with systolic blood pressure in obese children. In the children fulfilling the criteria of metabolic syndrome, 17 out of the 84 obese children older than 10 years of age, IMT was greater than in those who did not fulfil these criteria. We conclude that the coexistence of abdominal obesity with abnormal lipid profile and hypertension leads to the early development of atherosclerosis accompanied by increased carotid intima-media thickness. Obesity initiates the atherosclerotic processes in early childhood.
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Azuma M, Chihara Y, Yoshimura C, Murase K, Hamada S, Tachikawa R, Matsumoto T, Inouchi M, Tanizawa K, Handa T, Oga T, Mishima M, Chin K. Association Between Endothelial Function (Assessed on Reactive Hyperemia Peripheral Arterial Tonometry) and Obstructive Sleep Apnea, Visceral Fat Accumulation, and Serum Adiponectin. Circ J 2015; 79:1381-9. [DOI: 10.1253/circj.cj-14-1303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masanori Azuma
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University
| | - Yuichi Chihara
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Otsu Red Cross Hospital
| | | | - Kimihiko Murase
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University
| | - Satoshi Hamada
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University
| | - Ryo Tachikawa
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University
| | - Takeshi Matsumoto
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University
| | - Morito Inouchi
- Respiratory Care and Sleep Control Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University
| | - Kiminobu Tanizawa
- Respiratory Care and Sleep Control Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University
| | - Tomohiro Handa
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University
| | - Toru Oga
- Respiratory Care and Sleep Control Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University
| | - Michiaki Mishima
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University
| | - Kazuo Chin
- Respiratory Care and Sleep Control Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University
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Mitroshina EV, Verbovoy AF. METABOLIC EFFECTS OF ADIPONECTINE. КАРДИОВАСКУЛЯРНАЯ ТЕРАПИЯ И ПРОФИЛАКТИКА 2014. [DOI: 10.15829/1728-8800-2014-6-68-72] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The metabolic effects of adiponectine are discussed and its possible role in the development of metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance, diabetes mellitus 2nd type, atherosclerosis; prognostic significance of adiponectine as a marker for ischemic heart disease and future cardiovascular events, therapeutical perspectives of adiponectine use.
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Takiguchi M, Yoshihisa A, Miura S, Shimizu T, Nakamura Y, Yamauchi H, Iwaya S, Owada T, Miyata M, Abe S, Sato T, Suzuki S, Suzuki H, Saitoh SI, Takeishi Y. Impact of body mass index on mortality in heart failure patients. Eur J Clin Invest 2014; 44:1197-205. [PMID: 25331191 DOI: 10.1111/eci.12354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2014] [Accepted: 10/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Higher body mass index (BMI) is associated with incident heart failure (HF), but paradoxically associated with better prognosis, recognized as the obesity paradox in HF. However, the impact of BMI on detailed prognosis on HF and the mechanism of obesity paradox remain still unclear. MATERIALS AND METHODS We researched consecutive 648 patients admitted for HF as follows: underweight (BMI < 18·5 kg/m(2) , n = 86), normal (18·5 ≤ BMI < 25, n = 380), overweight (25 ≤ BMI < 30, n = 147) and obese (30 ≤ BMI, n = 35) and compared the results from their laboratory tests and echocardiography. We also followed cardiac and all-cause mortality. RESULTS Obese group had a higher prevalence of obesity-related comorbidity (hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia); however, tumour necrosis factor-α, adiponectin, troponin T and systolic pulmonary arterial pressure were higher in the underweight group than in the other groups (P < 0·05, respectively). Left and right ventricular systolic function did not differ among the groups. In the Kaplan-Meier analysis, cardiac and all-cause mortality progressively increased from obese to overweight, normal and underweight group. Importantly, in the Cox proportional hazard analyses after adjusting for known risk factors, BMI was an independent predictor of cardiac and all-cause mortality (P < 0·01, respectively) in HF patients. CONCLUSIONS Body mass index was an independent predictor of cardiac death and all-cause mortality in HF patients. Furthermore, lower BMI was associated with higher circulating levels of tumour necrosis factor-α, adiponectin and troponin T and higher systolic pulmonary arterial pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai Takiguchi
- Department of Cardiology and Hematology, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
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Bernardo AP, Fonseca I, Oliveira JC, Santos O, Carvalho MJ, Cabrita A, Rodrigues A. Adipokines in peritoneal dialysis: relevant clinical impact according to body composition. Ther Apher Dial 2014; 19:144-53. [PMID: 25363550 DOI: 10.1111/1744-9987.12239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Adipokines impact on clinical outcomes is not adequately addressed in peritoneal dialysis (PD). We investigated the impact of leptin/adiponectin ratio (L/A) as a predictor of cardiovascular events (CVE) in PD, taking into consideration patient's body composition and the potential role of glucose load. We prospectively followed 66 prevalent PD patients for 47.0 ± 28.2 months. New CVE were evaluated. Lean tissue index (LTI), relative fat mass (relFM) and relative overhydration (relOH) using multifrequency bioimpedance (BCM) were assessed; serum lipids, interleukin-6 (IL-6), leptin and adiponectin were measured. We established the determinants of L/A using multiple linear regression and the impact of L/A on CVE. Obesity was present in 47 (73.4%) patients according to relFM, and in seven (10.6%) according to body mass index (BMI). Leptin and L/A exhibited a stronger correlation with relFM (both r = 0.62, P < 0.0001) than with BMI (r = 0.46 and r = 0.51, respectively, both P < 0.0001). L/A showed a significant correlation with triglycerides (r = 0.41, P = 0.001) and HDL-cholesterol (r = -0.358, P = 0.003), better than isolated leptin or adiponectin. RelFM (RR = 0.130, 95%confidence interval [CI]:0.086-0.174, P < 0.0001) and LTI (RR = 0.194, 95%CI:0.037-0.351, P = 0.016) were independent predictors of L/A (R(2) = 0.67). Patients who suffered new CVE were older (59.12 ± 12.41 vs. 47.52 ± 13.84years, P = 0.003) and had a higher relOH (11.28 ± 7.29 vs. 6.60 ± 8.16%, P = 0.028). L/A was significantly higher in patients with CVE[2.29 (1.79) vs. 0.65 (1.73), P = 0.028] but this association was only put on evidence after excluding patients with wasting. BMI is an inaccurate method to classify obesity in PD since it underestimates its prevalence compared with body composition assessment using BCM. High adiponectin and low leptin are associated with a more favorable metabolic risk profile in peritoneal dialysis. The L/A is determined by relFM and by LTI. A higher L/A is associated with CVE in PD patients without wasting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula Bernardo
- Nephrology Department, Santo António Hospital, Oporto Hospital Center, Oporto, Portugal; UMIB/ICBAS/Porto University, Oporto, Portugal
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Kuwashiro T, Ago T, Kamouchi M, Matsuo R, Hata J, Kuroda J, Fukuda K, Sugimori H, Fukuhara M, Awano H, Isomura T, Suzuki K, Yasaka M, Okada Y, Kiyohara Y, Kitazono T. Significance of plasma adiponectin for diagnosis, neurological severity and functional outcome in ischemic stroke - Research for Biomarkers in Ischemic Stroke (REBIOS). Metabolism 2014; 63:1093-103. [PMID: 24929894 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2014.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2013] [Revised: 04/23/2014] [Accepted: 04/29/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although adiponectin is a major adipocytokine that affects the pathogenesis of various cardiovascular diseases, its clinical significance in stroke remains controversial. We investigated the clinical significance of plasma adiponectin for the diagnosis, neurological severity and functional outcomes of patients with ischemic stroke. METHODS We prospectively enrolled 171 patients with ischemic stroke and 171 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Blood samples and clinical information were obtained at day 0, 3, 7, 14 and 90 after stroke onset. RESULTS Average adiponectin values at day 0 did not significantly differ between the controls and the patients, but were significantly lower and higher in patients with atherothrombotic brain (ATBI) (p=0.047) and cardioembolic (CE) (p=0.008) infarction, respectively, than in the controls. Multivariate logistic regression analyses showed that the adiponectin value at day 0 could predict ATBI (odds ratio, 0.75; 95% confidence interval, 0.58 to 0.91, p=0.009, per 1-μg/mL increase). Adiponectin values at day 0 were positively associated with neurological severity as evaluated by the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale upon admission (r=0.420, p=0.003) and were higher in the groups with poor outcomes (modified Rankin Scale (mRS) ≥ 3 on day 90) than in those with good ones (mRS ≤ 2) in all stroke subtypes, with statistical significance in ATBI (p=0.015). CONCLUSIONS Plasma adiponectin values may help to classify stroke subtypes and predict neurological severity and functional outcome in ischemic stroke patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Kuwashiro
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka; Department of Cerebrovascular Medicine and Neurology, Cerebrovascular Center and Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Medical Center, Fukuoka.
| | - Tetsuro Ago
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka.
| | - Masahiro Kamouchi
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka
| | - Ryu Matsuo
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka
| | - Jun Hata
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka; Environmental Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka
| | - Junya Kuroda
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka
| | - Kenji Fukuda
- Department of Cerebrovascular Disease, St. Mary's Hospital, Fukuoka
| | - Hiroshi Sugimori
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka
| | - Masayo Fukuhara
- Environmental Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka
| | | | | | | | - Masahiro Yasaka
- Department of Cerebrovascular Medicine and Neurology, Cerebrovascular Center and Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Medical Center, Fukuoka
| | - Yasushi Okada
- Department of Cerebrovascular Medicine and Neurology, Cerebrovascular Center and Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Medical Center, Fukuoka
| | - Yutaka Kiyohara
- Environmental Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka
| | - Takanari Kitazono
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka
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Antonopoulos AS, Margaritis M, Coutinho P, Digby J, Patel R, Psarros C, Ntusi N, Karamitsos TD, Lee R, De Silva R, Petrou M, Sayeed R, Demosthenous M, Bakogiannis C, Wordsworth PB, Tousoulis D, Neubauer S, Channon KM, Antoniades C. Reciprocal Effects of Systemic Inflammation and Brain Natriuretic Peptide on Adiponectin Biosynthesis in Adipose Tissue of Patients With Ischemic Heart Disease. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2014; 34:2151-9. [DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.114.303828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Objective—
To explore the role of systemic inflammation in the regulation of adiponectin levels in patients with ischemic heart disease.
Approach and Results—
In a cross-sectional study of 575 subjects, serum adiponectin was compared between healthy subjects, patients with coronary artery disease with no/mild/severe heart failure (HF), and patients with nonischemic HF. Adiponectin expression and release from femoral, subcutaneous and thoracic adipose tissue was determined in 258 additional patients with coronary artery bypass grafting. Responsiveness of the various human adipose tissue depots to interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) was examined by using ex vivo models of human fat. The effects of inducible low-grade inflammation were tested by using the model of
Salmonella typhi
vaccine-induced inflammation in healthy individuals. In the cross-sectional study, HF strikingly increased adiponectin levels. Plasma BNP was the strongest predictor of circulating adiponectin and its release from all adipose tissue depots in patients with coronary artery bypass grafting, even in the absence of HF. Femoral AT was the depot with the least macrophages infiltration and the largest adipocyte cell size and the only responsive to systemic and ex vivo proinflammatory stimulation (effect reversible by BNP). Low-grade inflammation reduced circulating adiponectin levels, while circulating BNP remained unchanged.
Conclusions—
This study demonstrates the regional variability in the responsiveness of human adipose tissue to systemic inflammation and suggests that BNP (not systemic inflammation) is the main driver of circulating adiponectin in patients with advanced atherosclerosis even in the absence of HF. Any interpretation of circulating adiponectin as a biomarker should take into account the underlying disease state, background inflammation, and BNP levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexios S. Antonopoulos
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom (A.S.A., M.M., P.C., J.D., R.P., N.N., T.D.K., R.L., S.N., K.M.C., C.A.); 1st Cardiology Department, Athens University Medical School, Athens, Greece (C.P., M.D., C.B., D.T.); Department of Cardiac Surgery, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom (R.D.S., M.P., R.S.); and NIHR Oxford Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit & Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics,
| | - Marios Margaritis
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom (A.S.A., M.M., P.C., J.D., R.P., N.N., T.D.K., R.L., S.N., K.M.C., C.A.); 1st Cardiology Department, Athens University Medical School, Athens, Greece (C.P., M.D., C.B., D.T.); Department of Cardiac Surgery, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom (R.D.S., M.P., R.S.); and NIHR Oxford Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit & Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics,
| | - Patricia Coutinho
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom (A.S.A., M.M., P.C., J.D., R.P., N.N., T.D.K., R.L., S.N., K.M.C., C.A.); 1st Cardiology Department, Athens University Medical School, Athens, Greece (C.P., M.D., C.B., D.T.); Department of Cardiac Surgery, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom (R.D.S., M.P., R.S.); and NIHR Oxford Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit & Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics,
| | - Janet Digby
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom (A.S.A., M.M., P.C., J.D., R.P., N.N., T.D.K., R.L., S.N., K.M.C., C.A.); 1st Cardiology Department, Athens University Medical School, Athens, Greece (C.P., M.D., C.B., D.T.); Department of Cardiac Surgery, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom (R.D.S., M.P., R.S.); and NIHR Oxford Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit & Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics,
| | - Rikhil Patel
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom (A.S.A., M.M., P.C., J.D., R.P., N.N., T.D.K., R.L., S.N., K.M.C., C.A.); 1st Cardiology Department, Athens University Medical School, Athens, Greece (C.P., M.D., C.B., D.T.); Department of Cardiac Surgery, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom (R.D.S., M.P., R.S.); and NIHR Oxford Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit & Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics,
| | - Constantinos Psarros
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom (A.S.A., M.M., P.C., J.D., R.P., N.N., T.D.K., R.L., S.N., K.M.C., C.A.); 1st Cardiology Department, Athens University Medical School, Athens, Greece (C.P., M.D., C.B., D.T.); Department of Cardiac Surgery, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom (R.D.S., M.P., R.S.); and NIHR Oxford Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit & Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics,
| | - Ntobeko Ntusi
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom (A.S.A., M.M., P.C., J.D., R.P., N.N., T.D.K., R.L., S.N., K.M.C., C.A.); 1st Cardiology Department, Athens University Medical School, Athens, Greece (C.P., M.D., C.B., D.T.); Department of Cardiac Surgery, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom (R.D.S., M.P., R.S.); and NIHR Oxford Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit & Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics,
| | - Theodoros D. Karamitsos
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom (A.S.A., M.M., P.C., J.D., R.P., N.N., T.D.K., R.L., S.N., K.M.C., C.A.); 1st Cardiology Department, Athens University Medical School, Athens, Greece (C.P., M.D., C.B., D.T.); Department of Cardiac Surgery, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom (R.D.S., M.P., R.S.); and NIHR Oxford Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit & Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics,
| | - Regent Lee
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom (A.S.A., M.M., P.C., J.D., R.P., N.N., T.D.K., R.L., S.N., K.M.C., C.A.); 1st Cardiology Department, Athens University Medical School, Athens, Greece (C.P., M.D., C.B., D.T.); Department of Cardiac Surgery, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom (R.D.S., M.P., R.S.); and NIHR Oxford Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit & Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics,
| | - Ravi De Silva
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom (A.S.A., M.M., P.C., J.D., R.P., N.N., T.D.K., R.L., S.N., K.M.C., C.A.); 1st Cardiology Department, Athens University Medical School, Athens, Greece (C.P., M.D., C.B., D.T.); Department of Cardiac Surgery, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom (R.D.S., M.P., R.S.); and NIHR Oxford Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit & Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics,
| | - Mario Petrou
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom (A.S.A., M.M., P.C., J.D., R.P., N.N., T.D.K., R.L., S.N., K.M.C., C.A.); 1st Cardiology Department, Athens University Medical School, Athens, Greece (C.P., M.D., C.B., D.T.); Department of Cardiac Surgery, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom (R.D.S., M.P., R.S.); and NIHR Oxford Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit & Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics,
| | - Rana Sayeed
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom (A.S.A., M.M., P.C., J.D., R.P., N.N., T.D.K., R.L., S.N., K.M.C., C.A.); 1st Cardiology Department, Athens University Medical School, Athens, Greece (C.P., M.D., C.B., D.T.); Department of Cardiac Surgery, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom (R.D.S., M.P., R.S.); and NIHR Oxford Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit & Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics,
| | - Michael Demosthenous
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom (A.S.A., M.M., P.C., J.D., R.P., N.N., T.D.K., R.L., S.N., K.M.C., C.A.); 1st Cardiology Department, Athens University Medical School, Athens, Greece (C.P., M.D., C.B., D.T.); Department of Cardiac Surgery, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom (R.D.S., M.P., R.S.); and NIHR Oxford Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit & Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics,
| | - Constantinos Bakogiannis
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom (A.S.A., M.M., P.C., J.D., R.P., N.N., T.D.K., R.L., S.N., K.M.C., C.A.); 1st Cardiology Department, Athens University Medical School, Athens, Greece (C.P., M.D., C.B., D.T.); Department of Cardiac Surgery, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom (R.D.S., M.P., R.S.); and NIHR Oxford Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit & Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics,
| | - Paul B. Wordsworth
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom (A.S.A., M.M., P.C., J.D., R.P., N.N., T.D.K., R.L., S.N., K.M.C., C.A.); 1st Cardiology Department, Athens University Medical School, Athens, Greece (C.P., M.D., C.B., D.T.); Department of Cardiac Surgery, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom (R.D.S., M.P., R.S.); and NIHR Oxford Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit & Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics,
| | - Dimitris Tousoulis
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom (A.S.A., M.M., P.C., J.D., R.P., N.N., T.D.K., R.L., S.N., K.M.C., C.A.); 1st Cardiology Department, Athens University Medical School, Athens, Greece (C.P., M.D., C.B., D.T.); Department of Cardiac Surgery, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom (R.D.S., M.P., R.S.); and NIHR Oxford Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit & Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics,
| | - Stefan Neubauer
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom (A.S.A., M.M., P.C., J.D., R.P., N.N., T.D.K., R.L., S.N., K.M.C., C.A.); 1st Cardiology Department, Athens University Medical School, Athens, Greece (C.P., M.D., C.B., D.T.); Department of Cardiac Surgery, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom (R.D.S., M.P., R.S.); and NIHR Oxford Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit & Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics,
| | - Keith M. Channon
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom (A.S.A., M.M., P.C., J.D., R.P., N.N., T.D.K., R.L., S.N., K.M.C., C.A.); 1st Cardiology Department, Athens University Medical School, Athens, Greece (C.P., M.D., C.B., D.T.); Department of Cardiac Surgery, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom (R.D.S., M.P., R.S.); and NIHR Oxford Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit & Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics,
| | - Charalambos Antoniades
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom (A.S.A., M.M., P.C., J.D., R.P., N.N., T.D.K., R.L., S.N., K.M.C., C.A.); 1st Cardiology Department, Athens University Medical School, Athens, Greece (C.P., M.D., C.B., D.T.); Department of Cardiac Surgery, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom (R.D.S., M.P., R.S.); and NIHR Oxford Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit & Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics,
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Grossini E, Prodam F, Walker GE, Sigaudo L, Farruggio S, Bellofatto K, Marotta P, Molinari C, Mary D, Bona G, Vacca G. Effect of monomeric adiponectin on cardiac function and perfusion in anesthetized pig. J Endocrinol 2014; 222:137-49. [PMID: 24860147 DOI: 10.1530/joe-14-0170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Adiponectin, the most abundant adipokine released by adipose tissue, appears to play an important role in the regulation of vascular endothelial and cardiac function. To date, however, the physiological effects of human monomeric adiponectin on the coronary vasculature and myocardial systo-diastolic function, as well as on parasympathetic/sympathetic involvement and nitric oxide (NO) release, have not yet been investigated. Thus, we planned to determine the primary in vivo effects of human monomeric adiponectin on coronary blood flow and cardiac contractility/relaxation and the related role of autonomic nervous system, adiponectin receptors, and NO. In 30 anesthetized pigs, human monomeric adiponectin was infused into the left anterior descending coronary artery at constant heart rate and arterial blood pressure, and the effects on coronary blood flow, left ventricular systo-diastolic function, myocardial oxygen metabolism, and NO release were examined. The mechanisms of the observed hemodynamic responses were also analyzed by repeating the highest dose of human monomeric adiponectin infusion after autonomic nervous system and NO blockade, and after specific adiponectin 1 receptor antagonist administration. Intracoronary human monomeric adiponectin caused dose-related increases of coronary blood flow and cardiac function. Those effects were accompanied by increased coronary NO release and coronary adiponectin levels. Moreover, the vascular effects of the peptide were prevented by blockade of β2-adrenoceptors and NO synthase, whereas all effects of human monomeric adiponectin were prevented by adiponectin 1 receptor inhibitor. In conclusion, human monomeric adiponectin primarily increased coronary blood flow and cardiac systo-diastolic function through the involvement of specific receptors, β2-adrenoceptors, and NO release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Grossini
- Laboratory of Physiology and Experimental SurgeryDepartment of Translational Medicine, University Eastern Piedmont 'A. Avogadro', Via Solaroli 17, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Maggiore della Carita, Corso Mazzini 36, I-28100 Novara, ItalyPediatric UnitDepartment of Health Sciences, University Eastern Piedmont 'A. Avogadro', Via Solaroli 17, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Maggiore della Carità, Corso Mazzini 36, I-28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Flavia Prodam
- Laboratory of Physiology and Experimental SurgeryDepartment of Translational Medicine, University Eastern Piedmont 'A. Avogadro', Via Solaroli 17, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Maggiore della Carita, Corso Mazzini 36, I-28100 Novara, ItalyPediatric UnitDepartment of Health Sciences, University Eastern Piedmont 'A. Avogadro', Via Solaroli 17, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Maggiore della Carità, Corso Mazzini 36, I-28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Gillian Elisabeth Walker
- Laboratory of Physiology and Experimental SurgeryDepartment of Translational Medicine, University Eastern Piedmont 'A. Avogadro', Via Solaroli 17, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Maggiore della Carita, Corso Mazzini 36, I-28100 Novara, ItalyPediatric UnitDepartment of Health Sciences, University Eastern Piedmont 'A. Avogadro', Via Solaroli 17, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Maggiore della Carità, Corso Mazzini 36, I-28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Sigaudo
- Laboratory of Physiology and Experimental SurgeryDepartment of Translational Medicine, University Eastern Piedmont 'A. Avogadro', Via Solaroli 17, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Maggiore della Carita, Corso Mazzini 36, I-28100 Novara, ItalyPediatric UnitDepartment of Health Sciences, University Eastern Piedmont 'A. Avogadro', Via Solaroli 17, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Maggiore della Carità, Corso Mazzini 36, I-28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Serena Farruggio
- Laboratory of Physiology and Experimental SurgeryDepartment of Translational Medicine, University Eastern Piedmont 'A. Avogadro', Via Solaroli 17, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Maggiore della Carita, Corso Mazzini 36, I-28100 Novara, ItalyPediatric UnitDepartment of Health Sciences, University Eastern Piedmont 'A. Avogadro', Via Solaroli 17, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Maggiore della Carità, Corso Mazzini 36, I-28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Kevin Bellofatto
- Laboratory of Physiology and Experimental SurgeryDepartment of Translational Medicine, University Eastern Piedmont 'A. Avogadro', Via Solaroli 17, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Maggiore della Carita, Corso Mazzini 36, I-28100 Novara, ItalyPediatric UnitDepartment of Health Sciences, University Eastern Piedmont 'A. Avogadro', Via Solaroli 17, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Maggiore della Carità, Corso Mazzini 36, I-28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Patrizia Marotta
- Laboratory of Physiology and Experimental SurgeryDepartment of Translational Medicine, University Eastern Piedmont 'A. Avogadro', Via Solaroli 17, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Maggiore della Carita, Corso Mazzini 36, I-28100 Novara, ItalyPediatric UnitDepartment of Health Sciences, University Eastern Piedmont 'A. Avogadro', Via Solaroli 17, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Maggiore della Carità, Corso Mazzini 36, I-28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Claudio Molinari
- Laboratory of Physiology and Experimental SurgeryDepartment of Translational Medicine, University Eastern Piedmont 'A. Avogadro', Via Solaroli 17, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Maggiore della Carita, Corso Mazzini 36, I-28100 Novara, ItalyPediatric UnitDepartment of Health Sciences, University Eastern Piedmont 'A. Avogadro', Via Solaroli 17, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Maggiore della Carità, Corso Mazzini 36, I-28100 Novara, Italy
| | - David Mary
- Laboratory of Physiology and Experimental SurgeryDepartment of Translational Medicine, University Eastern Piedmont 'A. Avogadro', Via Solaroli 17, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Maggiore della Carita, Corso Mazzini 36, I-28100 Novara, ItalyPediatric UnitDepartment of Health Sciences, University Eastern Piedmont 'A. Avogadro', Via Solaroli 17, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Maggiore della Carità, Corso Mazzini 36, I-28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Gianni Bona
- Laboratory of Physiology and Experimental SurgeryDepartment of Translational Medicine, University Eastern Piedmont 'A. Avogadro', Via Solaroli 17, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Maggiore della Carita, Corso Mazzini 36, I-28100 Novara, ItalyPediatric UnitDepartment of Health Sciences, University Eastern Piedmont 'A. Avogadro', Via Solaroli 17, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Maggiore della Carità, Corso Mazzini 36, I-28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Giovanni Vacca
- Laboratory of Physiology and Experimental SurgeryDepartment of Translational Medicine, University Eastern Piedmont 'A. Avogadro', Via Solaroli 17, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Maggiore della Carita, Corso Mazzini 36, I-28100 Novara, ItalyPediatric UnitDepartment of Health Sciences, University Eastern Piedmont 'A. Avogadro', Via Solaroli 17, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Maggiore della Carità, Corso Mazzini 36, I-28100 Novara, Italy
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Kohara K, Ochi M, Okada Y, Yamashita T, Ohara M, Kato T, Nagai T, Tabara Y, Igase M, Miki T. Clinical characteristics of high plasma adiponectin and high plasma leptin as risk factors for arterial stiffness and related end-organ damage. Atherosclerosis 2014; 235:424-9. [PMID: 24937466 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2014.05.940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2014] [Revised: 05/14/2014] [Accepted: 05/16/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The relationship between plasma levels of adiponectin and cardiovascular events is inconclusive. We evaluated the clinical characteristics of people with high plasma adiponectin and high plasma leptin levels. METHODS Thousand seven hundred participants recruited from visitors to the Anti-Aging Doc were divided into four groups by combining the bipartiles of plasma adiponectin and leptin levels in men and women separately: AL, high adiponectin and high leptin; Al, high adiponectin and low leptin; al, low adiponectin and low leptin; aL, low adiponectin and high leptin. Body composition, including visceral fat area and thigh muscle cross-sectional area (CSA), brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV), periventricular hyperintensity, and urinary albumin excretion, were determined. RESULTS Twenty percent of the studied population fell within the AL group. This group had a significantly higher visceral fat area than the Al group. Thigh muscle CSA was lowest in the AL group among groups. baPWV, brain white matter lesions, and albuminuria findings in the AL group were significantly higher than those of the Al group. Multiple and logistic regression analyses with confounding parameters further confirmed that plasma adiponectin was not an independent determinant for brain and renal small vessel-related disease. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that the plasma level of adiponectin alone is not enough for the risk stratification of cardiovascular disease. Leptin resistance associated with skeletal muscle loss in addition to obesity may need to be addressed to identify high risk people with high plasma adiponectin levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsuhiko Kohara
- Department of Geriatrics and Neurology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan.
| | - Masayuki Ochi
- Department of Geriatrics and Neurology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan
| | - Yoko Okada
- Department of Geriatrics and Neurology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan
| | - Taiji Yamashita
- Department of Geriatrics and Neurology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan
| | - Maya Ohara
- Department of Geriatrics and Neurology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan
| | - Takeaki Kato
- Department of Geriatrics and Neurology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan
| | - Tokihisa Nagai
- Department of Geriatrics and Neurology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan
| | - Yasuharu Tabara
- Department of Medical Genetics, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Yoshida-Konoecho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Michiya Igase
- Department of Geriatrics and Neurology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Miki
- Department of Geriatrics and Neurology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan
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Abstract
Cardiovascular disease, including heart failure, is a principal cause of death in individuals with obesity and diabetes. However, the mechanisms of obesity- and diabetes-induced heart disease are multifaceted and remain to be clearly defined. Of relevance to this review, there is currently great research and clinical interest in the endocrine effects of adipokines on the myocardium and their role in heart failure. We will discuss the potential significance of adipokines in the pathogenesis of heart failure via their ability to regulate remodeling events including metabolism, hypertrophy, fibrosis, and cell death. As an excellent example, we will first focus on adiponectin which is best known to confer numerous cardioprotective effects. However, we comprehensively discuss the existing literature that highlights it would be naive to assume that this was always the case. We also focus on lipocalin-2 which mediates pro-inflammatory and pro-apoptotic effects. It is important when studying actions of adipokines to integrate cellular and mechanistic analyses and translate these to physiologically relevant in vivo models and clinical studies. However, assimilating studies on numerous cardiac remodeling events which ultimately dictate cardiac dysfunction into a unifying conclusion is challenging. Nevertheless, there is undoubted potential for the use of adipokines as robust biomarkers and appropriate therapeutic targets in heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Park
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON, M3J 1P3, Canada
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NOVOTNY D, VAVERKOVA H, KARASEK D, LUKES J, SLAVIK L, MALINA P, ORSAG J. Evaluation of Total Adiponectin, Adipocyte Fatty Acid Binding Protein and Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 Levels in Individuals With Metabolic Syndrome. Physiol Res 2014; 63:219-28. [DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.932602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Although many studies have investigated the relationships of several adipokines to metabolic syndrome (MetS), the interrelationships of adiponectin (ADP), adipocyte fatty acid binding protein (A-FABP) and fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF 21) have not been described in detail. We examined 209 asymptomatic dyslipidemic patients divided into MetS+ (n=73) and MetS- (n=136) groups. The aim of study was to evaluate the relationships between observed adipokines, to compare the levels of total ADP, A-FABP and FGF 21 in individuals with and without MetS, and to elucidate the relationships of individual adipokines to lipid parameters, markers of insulin resistance and endothelial hemostatic markers in these groups. In MetS+ group, we found the independent positive association ADP with A-FABP (beta=0.4888, p=0.0382), A-FABP with FGF 21 (beta=0.3811, p=0.0002) and von Willebrand factor (beta=0.4502, p=0.0013), and FGF 21 with A-FABP (beta=0.4422, p=0.0002). Our study has confirmed the well-established risk profile of subjects with MetS, although clinically asymptomatic. MetS+ patients had also lower levels of ADP and higher levels of A-FABP and FGF 21. Our study evaluated the interrelationships of ADP, A-FABP and FGF 21 in asymptomatic dyslipidemic subjects with diagnosis of MetS. Especially strong association between A-FABP and FGF 21 needs to be clarified in further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. NOVOTNY
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University Hospital Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
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Huang C, Niu K, Momma H, Kobayashi Y, Guan L, Nagatomi R. Inverse association between circulating adiponectin levels and skeletal muscle strength in Japanese men and women. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2014; 24:42-49. [PMID: 23786825 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2013.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2012] [Revised: 03/19/2013] [Accepted: 03/19/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Increased levels of circulating adiponectin in the elderly cause a negative impact on physical function and health status, which suggests that circulating adiponectin may be related to skeletal muscle function. However, data on the relationship between circulating adiponectin levels and skeletal muscle function is limited. Our objective was to investigate the association between serum adiponectin levels and muscle strength in adults. METHODS AND RESULTS This cross-sectional study is a part of the Oroshisho Study of adult employees in Japan from 2008 to 2011. In our study, we used data gathered in 2008-2010 that had included serum adiponectin measurements (n = 1378; age, 19-83 years). From this population, 1259 subjects were evaluated for grip strength (949 men, 310 women), and 965 subjects were evaluated for leg extension power (716 men, 249 women). Multivariate linear regression analyses showed that adiponectin was associated significantly and negatively with both grip strength (β and standard error [SE]: men, -0.09 [0.01], p = 0.010; women, -0.20 [0.03], kg, p = 0.002) and leg extension power (men, -0.09 [0.02], p = 0.014; women, -0.14 [0.07], W, p = 0.032) after adjusting for age, physical activity, nutrient intake, depressive symptoms, metabolic syndrome, C-reactive protein, body mass index, and other lifestyle-related potential confounders. CONCLUSION This population-based cross-sectional study indicates an inverse association between serum adiponectin levels and muscle strength in adults. Further studies are necessary to confirm this association and to clarify causality.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Huang
- Department of Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - K Niu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, 300070 Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - H Momma
- Division of Biomedical Engineering for Health and Welfare, Tohoku University Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Y Kobayashi
- Department of Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - L Guan
- Department of Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - R Nagatomi
- Department of Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan; Division of Biomedical Engineering for Health and Welfare, Tohoku University Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan.
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Shen LJ, Yang SB, Lv QW, Zhang GH, Zhou J, Guo M, Huang HB, Li Z, Yang CS. High plasma adiponectin levels in patients with severe traumatic brain injury. Clin Chim Acta 2014; 427:37-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2013.09.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2013] [Revised: 09/27/2013] [Accepted: 09/27/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Montazerifar F, Karajibani M, Lashkaripour K, Yousefi M. Evaluation of serum adiponectin concentrations among drug abusers on methadone maintenance treatment. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HIGH RISK BEHAVIORS & ADDICTION 2013; 2:117-21. [PMID: 24971288 PMCID: PMC4070161 DOI: 10.5812/ijhrba.14021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2013] [Revised: 10/07/2013] [Accepted: 11/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adiponectin, an adipocyte-derived protein, modulates a number of metabolic processes. Methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) changes the level of hormones produced by adipose tissue in addicts. However, current data remains contradictory. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of MMT on serum adiponectin levels in drug addicts. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-five drug abusers with a mean age of 37.4 ± 8.7 years were referred to the Baharan Hospital, Zahedan, and 22 healthy age-matched control subjects with a mean age of 35 ± 9.5 years were enrolled in the study. Addicts were treated with methadone at (40 to 120 mg/d) for six months. Measurement of anthropometric parameters, serum adiponectin, and biochemical parameter levels, were assessed in the addicts, before and after six months of MMT, but only once in the healthy controls. RESULTS The mean basal serum adiponectin level was not significantly lower in the drug abuser group compared to the healthy subjects (P > 0.05). After six months of MMT, the mean serum adiponectin level of the drug addicts was not significantly different from their mean baseline level or that of the healthy subjects (P > 0.05). However, the mean baseline serum adiponectin level was significantly lower in overweight/obese addicts when compared to underweight patients and healthy individuals (P < 0.001). After six months of MMT, the mean level of serum adiponectin increased significantly in the underweight subjects compared to the normal weight and overweight/obese subjects (P < 0.0001) and the control group (P < 0.001). Adiponectin concentration was correlated inversely with body mass index and positively correlated with waist circumference and serum high-density lipoprotein levels. CONCLUSIONS This study showed that MMT did not markedly alter the concentration of serum adiponectin in drug abusers. However, in regard to the variations in the serum lipid profiles and anthropometric parameters, the findings indicated that low concentrations of serum adiponectin might play a role in the pathogenesis of obesity and other metabolic abnormalities. Thus, more long-term studies with larger sample sizes are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzaneh Montazerifar
- Pregnancy Health Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, IR Iran
- Health Promotion Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, IR Iran
- Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, IR Iran
- Corresponding author: Farzaneh Montazerifar, 1) Pregnancy Health Research Center, 2) Health Promotion Research Center, 3) Department of Nutrition, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, IR Iran. Tel: +98-9155416903, Fax: +98-5413425728, E-mail:
| | - Mansour Karajibani
- Health Promotion Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, IR Iran
- Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, IR Iran
| | - Kobra Lashkaripour
- Health Promotion Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, IR Iran
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Baharan Psychatric Hospital, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, IR Iran
| | - Maryam Yousefi
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Baharan Psychatric Hospital, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, IR Iran
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Reinstadler SJ, Klug G, Feistritzer HJ, Mayr A, Bader K, Mair J, Esterhammer R, Schocke M, Metzler B. Relation of plasma adiponectin levels and aortic stiffness after acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL-ACUTE CARDIOVASCULAR CARE 2013; 3:10-7. [PMID: 24337918 DOI: 10.1177/2048872613516015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pulse wave velocity is a measure of aortic stiffness and an independent predictor of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Adiponectin is involved in atherosclerosis and inflammation. In the present study we aimed to explore the association between plasma adiponectin concentrations and pulse wave velocity in the acute phase after ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). METHODS Forty-six consecutive STEMI patients (mean age 57 ± 11 years) treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Plasma adiponectin was measured 2 days after index event by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Aortic pulse wave velocity (PWV) was calculated by the transit-time method with the use of a velocity-encoded, phase-contrast cardiac magnetic resonance protocol. RESULTS Median plasma adiponectin concentration was 2385 ng/ml (interquartile range 1735-5403). Males had lower plasma adiponectin values than females and current smokers had lower values than non-smokers (all p<0.02). Adiponectin was significantly associated with PWV (r=0.505, p<0.001), age (r=0.437, p=0.002), and total cholesterol (r=0.468, p=0.001). Multiple linear regression analysis revealed adiponectin as a predictor of PWV independently of age, sex, smoking status, total cholesterol, and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (p=0.027). CONCLUSIONS Plasma adiponectin concentrations are strongly associated with aortic stiffness in patients after acute STEMI treated with primary PCI. Our data support a possible role for adiponectin as an independent risk marker for increased aortic stiffness in STEMI patients.
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