1
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Blazeski A, Floryan MA, Zhang Y, Fajardo Ramírez OR, Meibalan E, Ortiz-Urbina J, Angelidakis E, Shelton SE, Kamm RD, García-Cardeña G. Engineering microvascular networks using a KLF2 reporter to probe flow-dependent endothelial cell function. Biomaterials 2024; 311:122686. [PMID: 38971122 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2024.122686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
Shear stress generated by the flow of blood in the vasculature is a potent regulator of endothelial cell function and vascular structure. While vascular responses to flow are complex and context-dependent, endothelial cell signaling in response to shear stress induced by laminar flows is coordinated by the transcription factor KLF2. The flow-dependent expression of KLF2 in endothelial cells is associated with a quiescent, anti-inflammatory phenotype and has been well characterized in two-dimensional systems but has not been studied in three-dimensional in vitro systems. Here we develop engineered microvascular networks (MVNs) that incorporate a KLF2-based endothelial cell flow sensor within a microfluidic chip, apply continuous flow using an attached microfluidic pump, and study the effects of this flow on vascular structure and function. We found that application of flow to MVNs for 48 h resulted in increased expression of the KLF2 reporter, larger vessel diameters, and decreased vascular branching and resistance. Notably, vessel diameters after the application of flow were independent of initial MVN morphologies. Finally, we found that MVNs exposed to flow have improved vascular barrier function and decreased platelet adhesion. MVNs with KLF2-based flow sensors represent a novel, powerful tool for evaluating the structural and functional effects of flow on engineered three-dimensional vascular systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Blazeski
- Center for Excellence in Vascular Biology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, USA and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Cardiovascular Disease Initiative, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Marie A Floryan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Yuzhi Zhang
- Center for Excellence in Vascular Biology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, USA and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Oscar R Fajardo Ramírez
- Center for Excellence in Vascular Biology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, USA and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Elamaran Meibalan
- Center for Excellence in Vascular Biology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, USA and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jesús Ortiz-Urbina
- Center for Excellence in Vascular Biology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, USA and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Emmanouil Angelidakis
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Sarah E Shelton
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA; Department of Medical Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Roger D Kamm
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA; Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Guillermo García-Cardeña
- Center for Excellence in Vascular Biology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, USA and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Cardiovascular Disease Initiative, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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2
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Yermalovich AV, Mohsenin Z, Cowdin M, Giotti B, Gupta A, Feng A, Golomb L, Wheeler DB, Xu K, Tsankov A, Cleaver O, Meyerson M. An essential role for Cmtr2 in mammalian embryonic development. Dev Biol 2024; 516:47-58. [PMID: 39094818 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2024.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
CMTR2 is an mRNA cap methyltransferase with poorly understood physiological functions. It catalyzes 2'-O-ribose methylation of the second transcribed nucleotide of mRNAs, potentially serving to mark RNAs as "self" to evade the cellular innate immune response. Here we analyze the consequences of Cmtr2 deficiency in mice. We discover that constitutive deletion of Cmtr2 results in mouse embryos that die during mid-gestation, exhibiting defects in embryo size, placental malformation and yolk sac vascularization. Endothelial cell deletion of Cmtr2 in mice results in vascular and hematopoietic defects, and perinatal lethality. Detailed characterization of the constitutive Cmtr2 KO phenotype shows an activation of the p53 pathway and decreased proliferation, but no evidence of interferon pathway activation. In summary, our study reveals the essential roles of Cmtr2 in mammalian cells beyond its immunoregulatory function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alena V Yermalovich
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, 02215, USA; Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Zarin Mohsenin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, 02215, USA; Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Mitzy Cowdin
- Department of Molecular Biology, Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Bruno Giotti
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Akansha Gupta
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, 02215, USA; Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Alice Feng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, 02215, USA; Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Lior Golomb
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, 02215, USA; Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Douglas B Wheeler
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, 02215, USA; Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Kelly Xu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, 02215, USA; Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Alexander Tsankov
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ondine Cleaver
- Department of Molecular Biology, Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Matthew Meyerson
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, 02215, USA; Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA; Center for Cancer Genomics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, 02215, USA; Departments of Genetics and Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
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3
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Wilken MB, Fonar G, Qiu R, Bennett L, Tober J, Nations C, Pavani G, Tsao V, Garifallou J, Petit C, Maguire JA, Gagne A, Okoli N, Gadue P, Chou ST, French DL, Speck NA, Thom CS. Tropomyosin 1 deficiency facilitates cell state transitions and enhances hemogenic endothelial cell specification during hematopoiesis. Stem Cell Reports 2024; 19:1264-1276. [PMID: 39214082 PMCID: PMC11411305 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2024.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Tropomyosins coat actin filaments to impact actin-related signaling and cell morphogenesis. Genome-wide association studies have linked Tropomyosin 1 (TPM1) with human blood trait variation. TPM1 has been shown to regulate blood cell formation in vitro, but it remains unclear how or when TPM1 affects hematopoiesis. Using gene-edited induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) model systems, we found that TPM1 knockout augmented developmental cell state transitions and key signaling pathways, including tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) signaling, to promote hemogenic endothelial (HE) cell specification and hematopoietic progenitor cell (HPC) production. Single-cell analyses revealed decreased TPM1 expression during human HE specification, suggesting that TPM1 regulated in vivo hematopoiesis via similar mechanisms. Analyses of a TPM1 gene trap mouse model showed that TPM1 deficiency enhanced HE formation during embryogenesis, without increasing the number of hematopoietic stem cells. These findings illuminate novel effects of TPM1 on developmental hematopoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madison B Wilken
- Division of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Gennadiy Fonar
- Division of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Rong Qiu
- Division of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Laura Bennett
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Joanna Tober
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Catriana Nations
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Giulia Pavani
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Victor Tsao
- Division of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA; School of Arts and Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - James Garifallou
- Division of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Chayanne Petit
- Division of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jean Ann Maguire
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Alyssa Gagne
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Nkemdilim Okoli
- Division of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA; School of Arts and Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Paul Gadue
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Stella T Chou
- Division of Hematology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Deborah L French
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Nancy A Speck
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Christopher S Thom
- Division of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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4
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Jeong JY, Bafor AE, Freeman BH, Chen PR, Park ES, Kim E. Pathophysiology in Brain Arteriovenous Malformations: Focus on Endothelial Dysfunctions and Endothelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1795. [PMID: 39200259 PMCID: PMC11351371 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12081795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2024] [Revised: 07/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Brain arteriovenous malformations (bAVMs) substantially increase the risk for intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), which is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. However, the treatment options for bAVMs are severely limited, primarily relying on invasive methods that carry their own risks for intraoperative hemorrhage or even death. Currently, there are no pharmaceutical agents shown to treat this condition, primarily due to a poor understanding of bAVM pathophysiology. For the last decade, bAVM research has made significant advances, including the identification of novel genetic mutations and relevant signaling in bAVM development. However, bAVM pathophysiology is still largely unclear. Further investigation is required to understand the detailed cellular and molecular mechanisms involved, which will enable the development of safer and more effective treatment options. Endothelial cells (ECs), the cells that line the vascular lumen, are integral to the pathogenesis of bAVMs. Understanding the fundamental role of ECs in pathological conditions is crucial to unraveling bAVM pathophysiology. This review focuses on the current knowledge of bAVM-relevant signaling pathways and dysfunctions in ECs, particularly the endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Eunhee Kim
- Vivian L. Smith Department of Neurosurgery, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (J.Y.J.); (A.E.B.); (B.H.F.); (P.R.C.); (E.S.P.)
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5
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Tanaka K, Chen M, Prendergast A, Zhuang Z, Nasiri A, Joshi D, Hintzen J, Chung M, Kumar A, Mani A, Koleske A, Crawford J, Nicoli S, Schwartz MA. Latrophilin-2 mediates fluid shear stress mechanotransduction at endothelial junctions. EMBO J 2024; 43:3175-3191. [PMID: 38886581 PMCID: PMC11294477 DOI: 10.1038/s44318-024-00142-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Endothelial cell responses to fluid shear stress from blood flow are crucial for vascular development, function, and disease. A complex of PECAM-1, VE-cadherin, VEGF receptors (VEGFRs), and Plexin D1 located at cell-cell junctions mediates many of these events. However, available evidence suggests that another mechanosensor upstream of PECAM-1 initiates signaling. Hypothesizing that GPCR and Gα proteins may serve this role, we performed siRNA screening of Gα subunits and found that Gαi2 and Gαq/11 are required for activation of the junctional complex. We then developed a new activation assay, which showed that these G proteins are activated by flow. We next mapped the Gα residues required for activation and developed an affinity purification method that used this information to identify latrophilin-2 (Lphn2/ADGRL2) as the upstream GPCR. Latrophilin-2 is required for all PECAM-1 downstream events tested. In both mice and zebrafish, latrophilin-2 is required for flow-dependent angiogenesis and artery remodeling. Furthermore, endothelial-specific knockout demonstrates that latrophilin plays a role in flow-dependent artery remodeling. Human genetic data reveal a correlation between the latrophilin-2-encoding Adgrl2 gene and cardiovascular disease. Together, these results define a pathway that connects latrophilin-dependent G protein activation to subsequent endothelial signaling, vascular physiology, and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiichiro Tanaka
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA.
| | - Minghao Chen
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Andrew Prendergast
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Zhenwu Zhuang
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Ali Nasiri
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Divyesh Joshi
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Jared Hintzen
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Minhwan Chung
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Abhishek Kumar
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Arya Mani
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Anthony Koleske
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry and Biophysics, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jason Crawford
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Stefania Nicoli
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Martin A Schwartz
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA.
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
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6
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Martier A, Chen Z, Schaps H, Mondrinos MJ, Fang JS. Capturing physiological hemodynamic flow and mechanosensitive cell signaling in vessel-on-a-chip platforms. Front Physiol 2024; 15:1425618. [PMID: 39135710 PMCID: PMC11317428 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1425618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in organ chip (or, "organ-on-a-chip") technologies and microphysiological systems (MPS) have enabled in vitro investigation of endothelial cell function in biomimetic three-dimensional environments under controlled fluid flow conditions. Many current organ chip models include a vascular compartment; however, the design and implementation of these vessel-on-a-chip components varies, with consequently varied impact on their ability to capture and reproduce hemodynamic flow and associated mechanosensitive signaling that regulates key characteristics of healthy, intact vasculature. In this review, we introduce organ chip and vessel-on-a-chip technology in the context of existing in vitro and in vivo vascular models. We then briefly discuss the importance of mechanosensitive signaling for vascular development and function, with focus on the major mechanosensitive signaling pathways involved. Next, we summarize recent advances in MPS and organ chips with an integrated vascular component, with an emphasis on comparing both the biomimicry and adaptability of the diverse approaches used for supporting and integrating intravascular flow. We review current data showing how intravascular flow and fluid shear stress impacts vessel development and function in MPS platforms and relate this to existing work in cell culture and animal models. Lastly, we highlight new insights obtained from MPS and organ chip models of mechanosensitive signaling in endothelial cells, and how this contributes to a deeper understanding of vessel growth and function in vivo. We expect this review will be of broad interest to vascular biologists, physiologists, and cardiovascular physicians as an introduction to organ chip platforms that can serve as viable model systems for investigating mechanosensitive signaling and other aspects of vascular physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Martier
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Science and Engineering, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Z. Chen
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, School of Science and Engineering, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - H. Schaps
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, School of Science and Engineering, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - M. J. Mondrinos
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Science and Engineering, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, United States
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - J. S. Fang
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, School of Science and Engineering, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, United States
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, United States
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7
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Zhan R, Zhou F, Liu C, Chen C, Li M, Huang D, Zheng N, Lin T, Zuo Z, He C, Chen X. Resveratrol ameliorates cyprodinil-induced zebrafish cardiac developmental defects as an aryl hydrocarbon receptor antagonist. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:44789-44799. [PMID: 38954331 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-34024-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Cyprodinil, a globally utilized broad-spectrum pyrimidine amine fungicide, has been observed to elicit cardiac abnormality. Resveratrol (RSV), a naturally occurring polyphenolic compound, showcases remarkable defensive properties in nurturing cardiac development. To investigate whether RSV could protect against cyprodinil-induced cardiac defects, we exposed zebrafish embryos to cyprodinil (500 μg/L) in the presence or absence of RSV (1 μM). Our results showed that RSV significantly mitigated the decrease of survival rate and embryo movement and the hatching delay induced by cyprodinil. In addition, RSV also improved cyprodinil-induced zebrafish cardiac developmental toxicity, including pericardial edema and cardiac function impairment. In mechanism, RSV attenuated the cyprodinil-induced changes in mRNA expression involved in cardiac development, such as myh6, myl7, tbx5, and gata4, and calcium ion channels, such as ncx1h, slc8a4a, and atp2a2b. We further showed that RSV might inhibit the activity of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) signaling pathways induced by cyprodinil. In summary, our findings establish that the protective effects of RSV against the cardiac developmental toxicity are induced by cyprodinil due to its remarkable ability to inhibit AhR activity. Our findings not only shed light on a new avenue for regulating and ensuring the safe utilization of cyprodinil but also presents a novel concept to promote its responsible use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruyu Zhan
- Scientific Research Center, Anxi County Hospital, Quanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Fushan Zhou
- Scientific Research Center, Anxi County Hospital, Quanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Chaoyang Liu
- Scientific Research Center, Anxi County Hospital, Quanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuanchang Chen
- Scientific Research Center, Anxi County Hospital, Quanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingmei Li
- Scientific Research Center, Anxi County Hospital, Quanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongqin Huang
- Scientific Research Center, Anxi County Hospital, Quanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Naying Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingting Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenghong Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengyong He
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China
| | - Xintan Chen
- Scientific Research Center, Anxi County Hospital, Quanzhou, People's Republic of China.
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8
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Liu W, Ding Y, Shen Z, Xu C, Yi W, Wang D, Zhou Y, Zon LI, Liu JX. BF170 hydrochloride enhances the emergence of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. Development 2024; 151:dev202476. [PMID: 38940293 DOI: 10.1242/dev.202476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Generation of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) ex vivo and in vivo, especially the generation of safe therapeutic HSPCs, still remains inefficient. In this study, we have identified compound BF170 hydrochloride as a previously unreported pro-hematopoiesis molecule, using the differentiation assays of primary zebrafish blastomere cell culture and mouse embryoid bodies (EBs), and we demonstrate that BF170 hydrochloride promoted definitive hematopoiesis in vivo. During zebrafish definitive hematopoiesis, BF170 hydrochloride increases blood flow, expands hemogenic endothelium (HE) cells and promotes HSPC emergence. Mechanistically, the primary cilia-Ca2+-Notch/NO signaling pathway, which is downstream of the blood flow, mediated the effects of BF170 hydrochloride on HSPC induction in vivo. Our findings, for the first time, reveal that BF170 hydrochloride is a compound that enhances HSPC induction and may be applied to the ex vivo expansion of HSPCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- WenYe Liu
- College of Fisheries, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - YuYan Ding
- College of Fisheries, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Zheng Shen
- College of Fisheries, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Cong Xu
- Stem Cell Program and Hematology/Oncology, Children's Hospital and Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - William Yi
- Stem Cell Program and Hematology/Oncology, Children's Hospital and Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ding Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Yi Zhou
- Stem Cell Program and Hematology/Oncology, Children's Hospital and Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Leonard I Zon
- Stem Cell Program and Hematology/Oncology, Children's Hospital and Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Avenue, Karp 8, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jing-Xia Liu
- College of Fisheries, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
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9
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Deng H, Zhang J, Wang Y, Joshi D, Pi X, De Val S, Schwartz MA. A KLF2-BMPER-Smad1/5 checkpoint regulates high fluid shear stress-mediated artery remodeling. NATURE CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH 2024; 3:785-798. [PMID: 39196179 DOI: 10.1038/s44161-024-00496-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
Vascular remodeling to match arterial diameter to tissue requirements commonly fails in ischemic disease. Endothelial cells sense fluid shear stress (FSS) from blood flow to maintain FSS within a narrow range in healthy vessels. Thus, high FSS induces vessel outward remodeling, but mechanisms are poorly understood. We previously reported that Smad1/5 is maximally activated at physiological FSS. Smad1/5 limits Akt activation, suggesting that inhibiting Smad1/5 may facilitate outward remodeling. Here we report that high FSS suppresses Smad1/5 by elevating KLF2, which induces the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) pathway inhibitor, BMP-binding endothelial regulator (BMPER), thereby de-inhibiting Akt. In mice, surgically induced high FSS elevated BMPER expression, inactivated Smad1/5 and induced vessel outward remodeling. Endothelial BMPER deletion impaired blood flow recovery and vascular remodeling. Blocking endothelial cell Smad1/5 activation with BMP9/10 blocking antibodies improved vascular remodeling in mouse models of type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Suppression of Smad1/5 is thus a potential therapeutic approach for ischemic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanqiang Deng
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jiasheng Zhang
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Yewei Wang
- Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Divyesh Joshi
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Xinchun Pi
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sarah De Val
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, Institute of Developmental and Regenerative Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Martin A Schwartz
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale School of Medicine, and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale School of Engineering, New Haven, CT, USA.
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10
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Padmanaban P, van Galen D, Salehi-Nik N, Zakharova M, Segerink L, Rouwkema J. Switching to external flows: perturbations of developing vasculature within chicken chorioallantoic membrane. LAB ON A CHIP 2024; 24:3233-3242. [PMID: 38835278 PMCID: PMC11198391 DOI: 10.1039/d4lc00311j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
The impact of fluid flow shear stresses, generated by the movement of blood through vasculature, on the organization and maturation of vessels is widely recognized. Nevertheless, it remains uncertain whether external fluid flows outside of the vasculature in the surrounding tissue can similarly play a role in governing these processes. In this research, we introduce an innovative technique called superfusion-induced vascular steering (SIVS). SIVS involves the controlled imposition of external fluid flow patterns onto the vascularized chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM), allowing us to observe how this impacts the organization of vascular networks. To investigate the concept of SIVS, we conducted superfusion experiments on the intact chick CAM cultured within an engineered eggshell system, using phosphate buffered saline (PBS). To capture and analyze the effects of superfusion, we employed a custom-built microscopy setup, enabling us to image both superfused and non-superfused regions within the developing CAM. This study provides valuable insights into the practical application of fluid superfusion within an in vivo context, shedding light on its significance for understanding tissue development and manipulation in an engineering setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prasanna Padmanaban
- Vascularization Lab, Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Technical Medical Center, Faculty of Engineering Technology, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands.
| | - Danny van Galen
- Vascularization Lab, Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Technical Medical Center, Faculty of Engineering Technology, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands.
| | - Nasim Salehi-Nik
- Vascularization Lab, Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Technical Medical Center, Faculty of Engineering Technology, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands.
| | - Mariia Zakharova
- BIOS Lab on Chip group, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, Technical Medical Center, Max Planck Institute for Complex Fluid Dynamics, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Loes Segerink
- BIOS Lab on Chip group, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, Technical Medical Center, Max Planck Institute for Complex Fluid Dynamics, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Rouwkema
- Vascularization Lab, Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Technical Medical Center, Faculty of Engineering Technology, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands.
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11
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Tanaka K, Chen M, Prendergast A, Zhuang Z, Nasiri A, Joshi D, Hintzen J, Chung M, Kumar A, Mani A, Koleske A, Crawford J, Nicoli S, Schwartz MA. Latrophilin-2 mediates fluid shear stress mechanotransduction at endothelial junctions. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.06.13.598386. [PMID: 38915515 PMCID: PMC11195282 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.13.598386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
Endothelial cell responses to fluid shear stress from blood flow are crucial for vascular development, function and disease. A complex of PECAM-1, VE-cadherin, VEGF receptors (VEGFRs) and PlexinD1 located at cell-cell junctions mediates many of these events. But available evidence suggests that another mechanosensor upstream of PECAM-1 initiates signaling. Hypothesizing that GPCR and Gα proteins may serve this role, we performed siRNA screening of Gα subunits and found that Gαi2 and Gαq/11 are required for activation of the junctional complex. We then developed a new activation assay, which showed that these G proteins are activated by flow. We next mapped the Gα residues required for activation and developed an affinity purification method that used this information to identify latrophilin-2 (Lphn-2/ADGRL2) as the upstream GPCR. Latrophilin-2 is required for all PECAM-1 downstream events tested. In both mice and zebrafish, latrophilin-2 is required for flow-dependent angiogenesis and artery remodeling. Furthermore, endothelial specific knockout demonstrates that latrophilin plays a role in flow-dependent artery remodeling. Human genetic data reveal a correlation between the latrophilin-2-encoding Adgrl2 gene and cardiovascular disease. Together, these results define a pathway that connects latrophilin-dependent G protein activation to subsequent endothelial signaling, vascular physiology and disease.
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12
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Mandrycky C, Ishida T, Rayner SG, Heck AM, Hadland B, Zheng Y. Under pressure: integrated endothelial cell response to hydrostatic and shear stresses. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.30.596749. [PMID: 38854073 PMCID: PMC11160699 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.30.596749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Blood flow within the vasculature is a critical determinant of endothelial cell (EC) identity and functionality, yet the intricate interplay of various hemodynamic forces and their collective impact on endothelial and vascular responses are not fully understood. Specifically, the role of hydrostatic pressure in the EC flow response is understudied, despite its known significance in vascular development and disease. To address this gap, we developed in vitro models to investigate how pressure influences EC responses to flow. Our study demonstrates that elevated pressure conditions significantly modify shear-induced flow alignment and increase endothelial cell density. Bulk and single-cell RNA sequencing analyses revealed that, while shear stress remains the primary driver of flow-induced transcriptional changes, pressure modulates shear-induced signaling in a dose-dependent manner. These pressure-responsive transcriptional signatures identified in human ECs were conserved during the onset of circulation in early mouse embryonic vascular development, where pressure was notably associated with transcriptional programs essential to arterial and hemogenic EC fates. Our findings suggest that pressure plays a synergistic role with shear stress on ECs and emphasizes the need for an integrative approach to endothelial cell mechanotransduction, one that encompasses the effects induced by pressure alongside other hemodynamic forces.
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13
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Van Schoor K, Bruet E, Jones EAV, Migeotte I. Origin and flow-mediated remodeling of the murine and human extraembryonic circulation systems. Front Physiol 2024; 15:1395006. [PMID: 38818524 PMCID: PMC11137303 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1395006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
The transduction of mechanical stimuli produced by blood flow is an important regulator of vascular development. The vitelline and umbilico-placental circulations are extraembryonic vascular systems that are required for proper embryonic development in mammalian embryos. The morphogenesis of the extraembryonic vasculature and the cardiovascular system of the embryo are hemodynamically and molecularly connected. Here we provide an overview of the establishment of the murine and human vitelline and umbilico-placental vascular systems and how blood flow influences various steps in their development. A deeper comprehension of extraembryonic vessel development may aid the establishment of stem-cell based embryo models and provide novel insights to understanding pregnancy complications related to the umbilical cord and placenta.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristof Van Schoor
- Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire Jacques E. Dumont, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Emmanuel Bruet
- Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire Jacques E. Dumont, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Elizabeth Anne Vincent Jones
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Centre for Molecular and Vascular Biology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Cardiology CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Isabelle Migeotte
- Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire Jacques E. Dumont, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
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14
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Stewen J, Kruse K, Godoi-Filip AT, Zenia, Jeong HW, Adams S, Berkenfeld F, Stehling M, Red-Horse K, Adams RH, Pitulescu ME. Eph-ephrin signaling couples endothelial cell sorting and arterial specification. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2539. [PMID: 38570531 PMCID: PMC10991410 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46300-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Cell segregation allows the compartmentalization of cells with similar fates during morphogenesis, which can be enhanced by cell fate plasticity in response to local molecular and biomechanical cues. Endothelial tip cells in the growing retina, which lead vessel sprouts, give rise to arterial endothelial cells and thereby mediate arterial growth. Here, we have combined cell type-specific and inducible mouse genetics, flow experiments in vitro, single-cell RNA sequencing and biochemistry to show that the balance between ephrin-B2 and its receptor EphB4 is critical for arterial specification, cell sorting and arteriovenous patterning. At the molecular level, elevated ephrin-B2 function after loss of EphB4 enhances signaling responses by the Notch pathway, VEGF and the transcription factor Dach1, which is influenced by endothelial shear stress. Our findings reveal how Eph-ephrin interactions integrate cell segregation and arteriovenous specification in the vasculature, which has potential relevance for human vascular malformations caused by EPHB4 mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Stewen
- Department of Tissue Morphogenesis, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, D-48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Kai Kruse
- Department of Tissue Morphogenesis, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, D-48149, Münster, Germany
- Bioinformatics Service Unit, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, D-48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Anca T Godoi-Filip
- Department of Tissue Morphogenesis, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, D-48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Zenia
- Department of Tissue Morphogenesis, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, D-48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Hyun-Woo Jeong
- Department of Tissue Morphogenesis, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, D-48149, Münster, Germany
- Sequencing Core Facility, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, D-48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Susanne Adams
- Department of Tissue Morphogenesis, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, D-48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Frank Berkenfeld
- Department of Tissue Morphogenesis, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, D-48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Martin Stehling
- Flow Cytometry Unit, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, D-48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Kristy Red-Horse
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Ralf H Adams
- Department of Tissue Morphogenesis, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, D-48149, Münster, Germany.
| | - Mara E Pitulescu
- Department of Tissue Morphogenesis, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, D-48149, Münster, Germany.
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15
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Lorthois S. Intimate contact between red blood cells and vessel walls is sufficient to stabilize capillary networks during development. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2401819121. [PMID: 38536758 PMCID: PMC10998565 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2401819121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/08/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sylvie Lorthois
- Institut de Mécanique des Fluides de Toulouse, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, 31400Toulouse, France
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16
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Swiatlowska P, Iskratsch T. Cardiovascular Mechano-Epigenetics: Force-Dependent Regulation of Histone Modifications and Gene Regulation. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2024; 38:215-222. [PMID: 36653625 PMCID: PMC10959834 DOI: 10.1007/s10557-022-07422-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The local mechanical microenvironment impacts on the cell behavior. In the cardiovascular system, cells in both the heart and the vessels are exposed to continuous blood flow, blood pressure, stretching forces, and changing extracellular matrix stiffness. The force-induced signals travel all the way to the nucleus regulating epigenetic changes such as chromatin dynamics and gene expression. Mechanical cues are needed at the very early stage for a faultless embryological development, while later in life, aberrant mechanical signaling can lead to a range of pathologies, including diverse cardiovascular diseases. Hence, an investigation of force-generated epigenetic alteration at different time scales is needed to understand fully the phenotypic changes in disease onset and progression. That being so, cardiovascular mechano-epigenetics emerges as an attractive field of study. Given the rapid advances in this emergent field of research, this short review aims to provide an analysis of the state of knowledge of force-induced epigenetic changes in the cardiovascular field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela Swiatlowska
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Thomas Iskratsch
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
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17
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Furtado J, Eichmann A. Vascular development, remodeling and maturation. Curr Top Dev Biol 2024; 159:344-370. [PMID: 38729681 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ctdb.2024.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
The development of the vascular system is crucial in supporting the growth and health of all other organs in the body, and vascular system dysfunction is the major cause of human morbidity and mortality. This chapter discusses three successive processes that govern vascular system development, starting with the differentiation of the primitive vascular system in early embryonic development, followed by its remodeling into a functional circulatory system composed of arteries and veins, and its final maturation and acquisition of an organ specific semi-permeable barrier that controls nutrient uptake into tissues and hence controls organ physiology. Along these steps, endothelial cells forming the inner lining of all blood vessels acquire extensive heterogeneity in terms of gene expression patterns and function, that we are only beginning to understand. These advances contribute to overall knowledge of vascular biology and are predicted to unlock the unprecedented therapeutic potential of the endothelium as an avenue for treatment of diseases associated with dysfunctional vasculature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Furtado
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States; Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Anne Eichmann
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States; Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States; Paris Cardiovascular Research Center, Inserm U970, Université Paris, Paris, France.
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18
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Qi Y, Chang SS, Wang Y, Chen C, Baek KI, Hsiai T, Roper M. Hemodynamic regulation allows stable growth of microvascular networks. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2310993121. [PMID: 38386707 PMCID: PMC10907248 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2310993121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
How do vessels find optimal radii? Capillaries are known to adapt their radii to maintain the shear stress of blood flow at the vessel wall at a set point, yet models of adaptation purely based on average shear stress have not been able to produce complex loopy networks that resemble real microvascular systems. For narrow vessels where red blood cells travel in a single file, the shear stress on vessel endothelium peaks sharply when a red blood cell passes through. We show that stable shear-stress-based adaptation is possible if vessel shear stress set points are cued to the stress peaks. Model networks that respond to peak stresses alone can quantitatively reproduce the observed zebrafish trunk microcirculation, including its adaptive trajectory when hematocrit changes or parts of the network are amputated. Our work reveals the potential for mechanotransduction alone to generate stable hydraulically tuned microvascular networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujia Qi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA90095
| | - Shyr-Shea Chang
- Department of Mathematics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA90095
| | - Yixuan Wang
- Department of Mathematics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA90095
| | - Cynthia Chen
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA90095
| | - Kyung In Baek
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA90095
| | - Tzung Hsiai
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA90095
| | - Marcus Roper
- Department of Mathematics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA90095
- Department of Computational Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA90095
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19
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Ahn S, Yoon JY, Kim P. Intravital imaging of cardiac tissue utilizing tissue-stabilized heart window chamber in live animal model. EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL. IMAGING METHODS AND PRACTICE 2024; 2:qyae062. [PMID: 39224098 PMCID: PMC11367956 DOI: 10.1093/ehjimp/qyae062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Aims To develop and validate an optimized intravital heart microimaging protocol using a suction-based tissue motion-stabilizing cardiac imaging window to facilitate real-time observation of dynamic cellular behaviours within cardiac tissue in live mouse models. Methods and results Intravital heart imaging was conducted using dual-mode confocal and two-photon microscopy. Mice were anesthetized, intubated, and maintained at a stable body temperature during the procedure. LysM-eGFP transgenic mice were utilized to visualize immune cell dynamics with vascular labelling by intravenous injection of anti-CD31 antibody and DiD-labelled red blood cells (RBCs). A heart imaging window chamber with a vacuum-based tissue motion stabilizer with 890-920 mbar was applied following a chest incision to expose the cardiac tissue. The suction-based heart imaging window chamber system and artificial intelligence-based motion compensation function significantly reduced motion artefacts and facilitated real-time in vivo cell analysis of immune cell and RBC trafficking, revealing a mean neutrophil movement velocity of 1.66 mm/s, which was slower compared to the RBC flow velocity of 9.22 mm/s. Intravital two-photon microscopic heart imaging enabled label-free second harmonic generation imaging of cardiac muscle structures with 820-840 nm excitation wavelength, revealing detailed biodistributions and structural variations in sarcomeres and fibrillar organization in the heart. Conclusion The optimized intravital heart imaging protocol successfully demonstrates its capability to provide high-resolution, real-time visualization of dynamic cellular activities within live cardiac tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soyeon Ahn
- R&D Center, IVIM Technology, 17 Techno 4-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34013, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-yeon Yoon
- R&D Center, IVIM Technology, 17 Techno 4-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34013, Republic of Korea
| | - Pilhan Kim
- R&D Center, IVIM Technology, 17 Techno 4-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34013, Republic of Korea
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
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20
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Santamaría R, Cruz-Caballero J, Gkontra P, Jiménez-Montiel A, Clemente C, López JA, Villalba-Orero M, Vázquez J, Hutloff A, Lara-Pezzi E, Arroyo AG. Capillary pruning couples tissue perfusion and oxygenation with cardiomyocyte maturation in the postnatal mouse heart. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1256127. [PMID: 38020883 PMCID: PMC10661946 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1256127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Removal of poorly perfused capillaries by pruning contributes to remodeling the microvasculature to optimize oxygen and nutrient delivery. Blood flow drives this process by promoting the intravascular migration of endothelial cells in developing networks, such as in the yolk sac, zebrafish brain or postnatal mouse retina. Methods: In this study, we have implemented innovative tools to recognize capillary pruning in the complex 3D coronary microvasculature of the postnatal mouse heart. We have also experimentally tested the impact of decreasing pruning on the structure and function of this network by altering blood flow with two different vasodilators: losartan and prazosin. Results: Although both drugs reduced capillary pruning, a combination of experiments based on ex vivo imaging, proteomics, electron microscopy and in vivo functional approaches showed that losartan treatment resulted in an inefficient coronary network, reduced myocardial oxygenation and metabolic changes that delayed the arrest of cardiomyocyte proliferation, in contrast to the effects of prazosin, probably due to its concomitant promotion of capillary expansion. Discussion: Our work demonstrates that capillary pruning contributes to proper maturation and function of the heart and that manipulation of blood flow may be a novel strategy to refine the microvasculature and improve tissue perfusion after damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Santamaría
- Vascular Pathophysiology Area, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Polyxeni Gkontra
- Artificial Intelligence in Medicine Lab (BCN-AIM), Departament de Matemàtiques i Informàtica, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Cristina Clemente
- Vascular Pathophysiology Area, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas (CIB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan A. López
- Cardiovascular Proteomics Lab, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain
| | - María Villalba-Orero
- Myocardial Pathology Area, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Vázquez
- Cardiovascular Proteomics Lab, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain
| | - Andreas Hutloff
- Institute of Immunology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
- German Rheumatism Research Centre, A Leibniz Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Enrique Lara-Pezzi
- Myocardial Pathology Area, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Alicia G. Arroyo
- Vascular Pathophysiology Area, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas (CIB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
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21
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Blazeski A, Floryan MA, Fajardo-Ramírez OR, Meibalan E, Ortiz-Urbina J, Angelidakis E, Shelton SE, Kamm RD, García-Cardeña G. Engineering microvascular networks using a KLF2 reporter to probe flow-dependent endothelial cell function. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.10.31.565021. [PMID: 37961543 PMCID: PMC10635035 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.31.565021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Shear stress generated by the flow of blood in the vasculature is a potent regulator of endothelial cell phenotype and vascular structure. While vascular responses to flow are complex and context-dependent, endothelial cell signaling in response to shear stress induced by laminar flows is coordinated by the transcription factor KLF2. The expression of KLF2 in endothelial cells is associated with a quiescent, anti-inflammatory phenotype and has been well characterized in two-dimensional systems, but has not been studied in three-dimensional in vitro systems. Here we develop engineered microvascular networks (MVNs) with a KLF2-based endothelial cell sensor within a microfluidic chip, apply continuous flow using an attached microfluidic pump, and study the effects of this flow on vascular structure and function. We found that culture of MVNs exposed to flow for 48 hours that resulted in increased expression of the KLF2-GFP-reporter display larger vessel diameters and decreased vascular branching and resistance. Additionally, vessel diameters after the application of flow were independent of initial MVN morphologies. Finally, we found that MVNs exposed to flow have improved vascular barrier function and decreased platelet adhesion. The MVNs with KLF2-based flow sensors represent a powerful tool for evaluating the structural and functional effects of flow on engineered three-dimensional vascular systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Blazeski
- Center for Excellence in Vascular Biology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Cardiovascular Disease Initiative, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Marie A. Floryan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Oscar R. Fajardo-Ramírez
- Center for Excellence in Vascular Biology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Elamaran Meibalan
- Center for Excellence in Vascular Biology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jesús Ortiz-Urbina
- Center for Excellence in Vascular Biology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Cardiovascular Disease Initiative, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Emmanouil Angelidakis
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Sarah E. Shelton
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Roger D. Kamm
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Guillermo García-Cardeña
- Center for Excellence in Vascular Biology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Cardiovascular Disease Initiative, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
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22
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Zhang P, Yan X, Zhang X, Liu Y, Feng X, Yang Z, Zhang J, Xu X, Zheng Q, Liang L, Han H. TMEM215 Prevents Endothelial Cell Apoptosis in Vessel Regression by Blunting BIK-Regulated ER-to-Mitochondrial Ca Influx. Circ Res 2023; 133:739-757. [PMID: 37750320 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.123.322686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In developmental and pathological tissues, nascent vessel networks generated by angiogenesis require further pruning/regression to delete nonfunctional endothelial cells (ECs) by apoptosis and migration. Mechanisms underlying EC apoptosis during vessel pruning remain elusive. TMEM215 (transmembrane protein 215) is an endoplasmic reticulum-located, 2-pass transmembrane protein. We have previously demonstrated that TMEM215 knockdown in ECs leads to cell death, but its physiological function and mechanism are unclear. METHODS We characterized the role and mechanism of TMEM215 in EC apoptosis using human umbilical vein endothelial cells by identifying its interacting proteins with immunoprecipitation-mass spectrometry. The physiological function of TMEM215 in ECs was assessed by establishing a conditional knockout mouse strain. The role of TMEM215 in pathological angiogenesis was evaluated by tumor and choroidal neovascularization models. We also tried to evaluate its translational value by delivering a Tmem215 small interfering RNA (siRNA) using nanoparticles in vivo. RESULTS TMEM215 knockdown in ECs induced apoptotic cell death. We identified the chaperone BiP as a binding partner of TMEM215, and TMEM215 forms a complex with and facilitates the interaction of BiP (binding immunoglobin protein) with the BH (BCL-2 [B-cell lymphoma 2] homology) 3-only proapoptotic protein BIK (BCL-2 interacting killer). TMEM215 knockdown triggered apoptosis in a BIK-dependent way and was abrogated by BCL-2. Notably, TMEM215 knockdown increased the number and diminished the distance of mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membranes and increased mitochondrial calcium influx. Inhibiting mitochondrial calcium influx by blocking the IP3R (inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor) or MCU (mitochondrial calcium uniporter) abrogated TMEM215 knockdown-induced apoptosis. TMEM215 expression in ECs was induced by physiological laminar shear stress via EZH2 downregulation. In EC-specific Tmem215 knockout mice, induced Tmem215 depletion impaired the regression of retinal vasculature characterized by reduced vessel density, increased empty basement membrane sleeves, and increased EC apoptosis. Moreover, EC-specific Tmem215 ablation inhibited tumor growth with disrupted vasculature. However, Tmem215 ablation in adult mice attenuated lung metastasis, consistent with reduced Vcam1 expression. Administration of nanoparticles carrying Tmem215 siRNA also inhibited tumor growth and choroidal neovascularization injury. CONCLUSIONS TMEM215, which is induced by blood flow-derived shear stress via downregulating EZH2, protects ECs from BIK-triggered mitochondrial apoptosis mediated by calcium influx through mitochondria-associated ER membranes during vessel pruning, thus providing a novel target for antiangiogenic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiran Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (P.Z., X.Y., X.Z., Y.L., X.F., Z.Y., J.Z., X.X., L.L., H.H.), Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xianchun Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (P.Z., X.Y., X.Z., Y.L., X.F., Z.Y., J.Z., X.X., L.L., H.H.), Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (P.Z., X.Y., X.Z., Y.L., X.F., Z.Y., J.Z., X.X., L.L., H.H.), Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (P.Z., X.Y., X.Z., Y.L., X.F., Z.Y., J.Z., X.X., L.L., H.H.), Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
- The Affiliated Northwest Women's and Children's Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, China (Y.L.)
| | - Xingxing Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (P.Z., X.Y., X.Z., Y.L., X.F., Z.Y., J.Z., X.X., L.L., H.H.), Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ziyan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (P.Z., X.Y., X.Z., Y.L., X.F., Z.Y., J.Z., X.X., L.L., H.H.), Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jiayulin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (P.Z., X.Y., X.Z., Y.L., X.F., Z.Y., J.Z., X.X., L.L., H.H.), Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xinyuan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (P.Z., X.Y., X.Z., Y.L., X.F., Z.Y., J.Z., X.X., L.L., H.H.), Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Qijun Zheng
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Shenzhen People's Hospital, China (Q.Z.)
| | - Liang Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (P.Z., X.Y., X.Z., Y.L., X.F., Z.Y., J.Z., X.X., L.L., H.H.), Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hua Han
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (P.Z., X.Y., X.Z., Y.L., X.F., Z.Y., J.Z., X.X., L.L., H.H.), Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
- Department of Gastroenterology (H.H.), Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
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23
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Espina JA, Cordeiro MH, Milivojevic M, Pajić-Lijaković I, Barriga EH. Response of cells and tissues to shear stress. J Cell Sci 2023; 136:jcs260985. [PMID: 37747423 PMCID: PMC10560560 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.260985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Shear stress is essential for normal physiology and malignancy. Common physiological processes - such as blood flow, particle flow in the gut, or contact between migratory cell clusters and their substrate - produce shear stress that can have an impact on the behavior of different tissues. In addition, shear stress has roles in processes of biomedical interest, such as wound healing, cancer and fibrosis induced by soft implants. Thus, understanding how cells react and adapt to shear stress is important. In this Review, we discuss in vivo and in vitro data obtained from vascular and epithelial models; highlight the insights these have afforded regarding the general mechanisms through which cells sense, transduce and respond to shear stress at the cellular levels; and outline how the changes cells experience in response to shear stress impact tissue organization. Finally, we discuss the role of shear stress in collective cell migration, which is only starting to be appreciated. We review our current understanding of the effects of shear stress in the context of embryo development, cancer and fibrosis, and invite the scientific community to further investigate the role of shear stress in these scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaime A. Espina
- Mechanisms of Morphogenesis Lab, Gulbenkian Institute of Science (IGC), 2780-156 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Marilia H. Cordeiro
- Mechanisms of Morphogenesis Lab, Gulbenkian Institute of Science (IGC), 2780-156 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Milan Milivojevic
- Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, Belgrade University, 11120 Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | - Elias H. Barriga
- Mechanisms of Morphogenesis Lab, Gulbenkian Institute of Science (IGC), 2780-156 Oeiras, Portugal
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24
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Wilken MB, Fonar G, Nations C, Pavani G, Tsao V, Garifallou J, Tober J, Bennett L, Maguire JA, Gagne A, Okoli N, Gadue P, Chou ST, Speck NA, French DL, Thom CS. Tropomyosin 1 deficiency facilitates cell state transitions to enhance hemogenic endothelial cell specification during hematopoiesis. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.09.01.555861. [PMID: 37693628 PMCID: PMC10491315 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.01.555861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Tropomyosins coat actin filaments and impact actin-related signaling and cell morphogenesis. Genome-wide association studies have linked Tropomyosin 1 (TPM1) with human blood trait variation. Prior work suggested that TPM1 regulated blood cell formation in vitro, but it was unclear how or when TPM1 affected hematopoiesis. Using gene-edited induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) model systems, TPM1 knockout was found to augment developmental cell state transitions, as well as TNFα and GTPase signaling pathways, to promote hemogenic endothelial (HE) cell specification and hematopoietic progenitor cell (HPC) production. Single-cell analyses showed decreased TPM1 expression during human HE specification, suggesting that TPM1 regulated in vivo hematopoiesis via similar mechanisms. Indeed, analyses of a TPM1 gene trap mouse model showed that TPM1 deficiency enhanced the formation of HE during embryogenesis. These findings illuminate novel effects of TPM1 on developmental hematopoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madison B Wilken
- Division of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Gennadiy Fonar
- Division of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Catriana Nations
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Giulia Pavani
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Victor Tsao
- Division of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
- School of Arts and Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - James Garifallou
- Division of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Joanna Tober
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Laura Bennett
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Jean Ann Maguire
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Alyssa Gagne
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Nkemdilim Okoli
- Division of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
- School of Arts and Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Paul Gadue
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Stella T Chou
- Division of Hematology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Nancy A Speck
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Deborah L French
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Christopher S Thom
- Division of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
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25
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Ornoy A, Miller RK. Yolk sac development, function and role in rodent pregnancy. Birth Defects Res 2023; 115:1243-1254. [PMID: 36949669 DOI: 10.1002/bdr2.2172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Abstract
During the early phases of embryonic development, the yolk sac serves as an initial placenta in many animal species. While in some, this role subsides around the end of active organogenesis, it continues to have important functions in rodents, alongside the chorio-allantoic placenta. The yolk sac is the initial site of hematopoiesis in many animal species including primates. Cells of epiblastic origin form blood islands that are the forerunners of hematopoietic cells and of the primitive endothelial cells that form the vitelline circulation. The yolk sac is also a major route of embryonic and fetal nutrition apparently as long as it functions. In mammals and especially rodents, macro and micronutrients are absorbed by active pinocytosis into the visceral yolk sac, degraded and the degradation products (i.e., amino acids) are then transferred to the embryo. Interference with the yolk sac function may directly reflect on embryonic growth and development, inducing congenital malformations or in extreme damage, causing embryonic and fetal death. In rodents, many agents were found to damage the yolk sac (i.e., anti-yolk sac antibodies or toxic substances interfering with yolk sac pinocytosis) subsequently affecting the embryo/fetus. Often, the damage to the yolk sac is transient while embryonic damage persists. In humans, decreased yolk sac diameter was associated with diabetic pregnancies and increased diameter was associated with pregnancy loss. In addition, culture of rat yolk sacs in serum obtained from pregnant diabetic women or from women with autoimmune diseases induced severe damage to the visceral yolk sac epithelium and embryonic malformations. It can be concluded that as a result of the crucial role of the yolk sac in the well-being of the early embryo, any damage to its normal function may severely and irreversibly affect further development of the embryo/fetus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asher Ornoy
- Department of Morphological Sciences and Teratology, Adelson School of Medicine, Ariel University and Hebrew University Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Richard K Miller
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, Departments of Obstetrics/Gynecology, of Pediatrics, of Pathology and of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, 14642, USA
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26
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Zhang Y, Li X, Gao S, Liao Y, Luo Y, Liu M, Bian Y, Xiong H, Yue Y, He A. Genetic reporter for live tracing fluid flow forces during cell fate segregation in mouse blastocyst development. Cell Stem Cell 2023; 30:1110-1123.e9. [PMID: 37541214 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2023.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
Mechanical forces are known to be important in mammalian blastocyst formation; however, due to limited tools, specific force inputs and how they relay to first cell fate control of inner cell mass (ICM) and/or trophectoderm (TE) remain elusive. Combining in toto live imaging and various perturbation experiments, we demonstrate and measure fluid flow forces existing in the mouse blastocyst cavity and identify Klf2(Krüppel-like factor 2) as a fluid force reporter with force-responsive enhancers. Long-term live imaging and lineage reconstructions reveal that blastomeres subject to higher fluid flow forces adopt ICM cell fates. These are reinforced by internal ferrofluid-induced flow force assays. We also utilize ex vivo fluid flow force mimicking and pharmacological perturbations to confirm mechanosensing specificity. Together, we report a genetically encoded reporter for continuously monitoring fluid flow forces and cell fate decisions and provide a live imaging framework to infer force information enriched lineage landscape during development. VIDEO ABSTRACT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youdong Zhang
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Biomedical Imaging Center, College of Future Technology, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xin Li
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Biomedical Imaging Center, College of Future Technology, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Shu Gao
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Biomedical Imaging Center, College of Future Technology, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yuanhui Liao
- School of Software and Microelectronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yingjie Luo
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Biomedical Imaging Center, College of Future Technology, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Min Liu
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Biomedical Imaging Center, College of Future Technology, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yunkun Bian
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Biomedical Imaging Center, College of Future Technology, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Haiqing Xiong
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Biomedical Imaging Center, College of Future Technology, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yanzhu Yue
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Biomedical Imaging Center, College of Future Technology, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; Department of Cell Fate and Diseases, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Women's Reproductive Health, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130061, China.
| | - Aibin He
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Biomedical Imaging Center, College of Future Technology, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
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27
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Crawshaw JR, Flegg JA, Bernabeu MO, Osborne JM. Mathematical models of developmental vascular remodelling: A review. PLoS Comput Biol 2023; 19:e1011130. [PMID: 37535698 PMCID: PMC10399886 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1011130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past 40 years, there has been a strong focus on the development of mathematical models of angiogenesis, while developmental remodelling has received little such attention from the mathematical community. Sprouting angiogenesis can be seen as a very crude way of laying out a primitive vessel network (the raw material), while remodelling (understood as pruning of redundant vessels, diameter control, and the establishment of vessel identity and hierarchy) is the key to turning that primitive network into a functional network. This multiscale problem is of prime importance in the development of a functional vasculature. In addition, defective remodelling (either during developmental remodelling or due to a reactivation of the remodelling programme caused by an injury) is associated with a significant number of diseases. In this review, we discuss existing mathematical models of developmental remodelling and explore the important contributions that these models have made to the field of vascular development. These mathematical models are effectively used to investigate and predict vascular development and are able to reproduce experimentally observable results. Moreover, these models provide a useful means of hypothesis generation and can explain the underlying mechanisms driving the observed structural and functional network development. However, developmental vascular remodelling is still a relatively new area in mathematical biology, and many biological questions remain unanswered. In this review, we present the existing modelling paradigms and define the key challenges for the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica R. Crawshaw
- Wolfson Centre for Mathematical Biology, Mathematical Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jennifer A. Flegg
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Miguel O. Bernabeu
- Centre for Medical Informatics, The Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- The Bayes Centre, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - James M. Osborne
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
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28
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Petrillo S, De Giorgio F, Bertino F, Garello F, Bitonto V, Longo DL, Mercurio S, Ammirata G, Allocco AL, Fiorito V, Chiabrando D, Altruda F, Terreno E, Provero P, Munaron L, Genova T, Nóvoa A, Carlos AR, Cardoso S, Mallo M, Soares MP, Tolosano E. Endothelial cells require functional FLVCR1a during developmental and adult angiogenesis. Angiogenesis 2023; 26:365-384. [PMID: 36631598 PMCID: PMC10328904 DOI: 10.1007/s10456-023-09865-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The Feline Leukemia Virus Subgroup C Receptor 1a (FLVCR1a) is a transmembrane heme exporter essential for embryonic vascular development. However, the exact role of FLVCR1a during blood vessel development remains largely undefined. Here, we show that FLVCR1a is highly expressed in angiogenic endothelial cells (ECs) compared to quiescent ECs. Consistently, ECs lacking FLVCR1a give rise to structurally and functionally abnormal vascular networks in multiple models of developmental and pathologic angiogenesis. Firstly, zebrafish embryos without FLVCR1a displayed defective intersegmental vessels formation. Furthermore, endothelial-specific Flvcr1a targeting in mice led to a reduced radial expansion of the retinal vasculature associated to decreased EC proliferation. Moreover, Flvcr1a null retinas showed defective vascular organization and loose attachment of pericytes. Finally, adult neo-angiogenesis is severely affected in murine models of tumor angiogenesis. Tumor blood vessels lacking Flvcr1a were disorganized and dysfunctional. Collectively, our results demonstrate the critical role of FLVCR1a as a regulator of developmental and pathological angiogenesis identifying FLVCR1a as a potential therapeutic target in human diseases characterized by aberrant neovascularization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Petrillo
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center (MBC) "Guido Tarone", University of Torino, Via Nizza, 52, 10126, Turin, Italy.
| | - F De Giorgio
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center (MBC) "Guido Tarone", University of Torino, Via Nizza, 52, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - F Bertino
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center (MBC) "Guido Tarone", University of Torino, Via Nizza, 52, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - F Garello
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center (MBC) "Guido Tarone", University of Torino, Via Nizza, 52, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - V Bitonto
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center (MBC) "Guido Tarone", University of Torino, Via Nizza, 52, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - D L Longo
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging (IBB), Italian National Research Council (CNR), Via Nizza, 52, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - S Mercurio
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center (MBC) "Guido Tarone", University of Torino, Via Nizza, 52, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - G Ammirata
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center (MBC) "Guido Tarone", University of Torino, Via Nizza, 52, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - A L Allocco
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center (MBC) "Guido Tarone", University of Torino, Via Nizza, 52, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - V Fiorito
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center (MBC) "Guido Tarone", University of Torino, Via Nizza, 52, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - D Chiabrando
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center (MBC) "Guido Tarone", University of Torino, Via Nizza, 52, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - F Altruda
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center (MBC) "Guido Tarone", University of Torino, Via Nizza, 52, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - E Terreno
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center (MBC) "Guido Tarone", University of Torino, Via Nizza, 52, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - P Provero
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, and GenoBiToUS, Genomics and Bioinformatics Service, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
- Center for Translational Genomics and Bioinformatics, San Raffaele Scientific Institute IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - L Munaron
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Torino, Via Accademia Albertina 13, 10123, Turin, Italy
| | - T Genova
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Torino, Via Accademia Albertina 13, 10123, Turin, Italy
| | - A Nóvoa
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - A R Carlos
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - S Cardoso
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - M Mallo
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - M P Soares
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - E Tolosano
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center (MBC) "Guido Tarone", University of Torino, Via Nizza, 52, 10126, Turin, Italy
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29
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Lungu CN, Mehedinti MC. Molecular Motifs in Vascular Morphogenesis: Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A (VEGFA) as the Leading Promoter of Angiogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12169. [PMID: 37569543 PMCID: PMC10418718 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Tissular hypoxia stimulates vascular morphogenesis. Vascular morphogenesis shapes the cell and, consecutively, tissue growth. The development of new blood vessels is intermediated substantially through the tyrosine kinase pathway. There are several types of receptors inferred to be located in the blood vessel structures. Vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) is the leading protagonist of angiogenesis. VEGF-A's interactions with its receptors VEGFR1, VEGFR2, and VEGFR3, together with disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 1 (ADAMTS1), connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), and neuropilin-1 (NRP1), independently, are studied computationally. Peripheral artery disease (PAD), which results in tissue ischemia, is more prevalent in the senior population. Presently, medical curatives used to treat cases of PAD-antiplatelet and antithrombotic agents, statins, antihypertensive remedies with ACE (angiotensin-converting enzyme) impediments, angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB) or β- blockers, blood glucose control, and smoking cessation-are not effective. These curatives were largely established from the treatment of complaint cases of coronary disease. However, these medical curatives do not ameliorate lower limb perfusion in cases of PAD. Likewise, surgical or endovascular procedures may be ineffective in relieving symptoms. Eventually, after successful large vessel revascularization, the residual microvascular circulation may well limit the effectiveness of curatives in cases of PAD. It would thus feel rational to attempt to ameliorate perfusion in PAD by enhancing vascular rejuvenescence and function. Likewise, stimulating specific angiogenesis in these cases (PAD) can ameliorate the patient's symptomatology. Also, the quality of life of PAD patients can be improved by developing new vasodilative and angiogenetic molecules that stimulate the tyrosine kinase pathway. In this respect, the VEGFA angiogenetic pathway was explored computationally. Docking methodologies, molecular dynamics, and computational molecular design methodologies were used. VEGFA's interaction with its target was primarily studied. Common motifs in the vascular morphogenesis pathway are suggested using conformational energy and Riemann spaces. The results show that interaction with VEGFR2 and ADAMTS1 is pivotal in the angiogenetic process. Also, the informational content of two VEGFA complexes, VEGFR2 and ADAMTS1, is crucial in the angiogenesis process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudiu N. Lungu
- Departament of Functional and Morphological Science, Faculty of Medicine and Pharamacy, Dunarea de Jos University, 800010 Galati, Romania
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30
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Wen L, Yan W, Zhu L, Tang C, Wang G. The role of blood flow in vessel remodeling and its regulatory mechanism during developmental angiogenesis. Cell Mol Life Sci 2023; 80:162. [PMID: 37221410 PMCID: PMC11072276 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-04801-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Vessel remodeling is essential for a functional and mature vascular network. According to the difference in endothelial cell (EC) behavior, we classified vessel remodeling into vessel pruning, vessel regression and vessel fusion. Vessel remodeling has been proven in various organs and species, such as the brain vasculature, subintestinal veins (SIVs), and caudal vein (CV) in zebrafish and yolk sac vessels, retina, and hyaloid vessels in mice. ECs and periendothelial cells (such as pericytes and astrocytes) contribute to vessel remodeling. EC junction remodeling and actin cytoskeleton dynamic rearrangement are indispensable for vessel pruning. More importantly, blood flow has a vital role in vessel remodeling. In recent studies, several mechanosensors, such as integrins, platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (PECAM-1)/vascular endothelial cell (VE-cadherin)/vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2) complex, and notch1, have been shown to contribute to mechanotransduction and vessel remodeling. In this review, we highlight the current knowledge of vessel remodeling in mouse and zebrafish models. We further underline the contribution of cellular behavior and periendothelial cells to vessel remodeling. Finally, we discuss the mechanosensory complex in ECs and the molecular mechanisms responsible for vessel remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Wen
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China
| | - Wenhua Yan
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China
| | - Li Zhu
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology of Jiangsu Province, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Chaojun Tang
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology of Jiangsu Province, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China.
| | - Guixue Wang
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China.
- JinFeng Laboratory, Chongqing, 401329, China.
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Chuang CK, Chen SF, Su YH, Chen WH, Lin WM, Wang IC, Shyue SK. The Role of SCL Isoforms in Embryonic Hematopoiesis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076427. [PMID: 37047400 PMCID: PMC10094407 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Three waves of hematopoiesis occur in the mouse embryo. The primitive hematopoiesis appears as blood islands in the extra embryonic yolk sac at E7.5. The extra embryonic pro-definitive hematopoiesis launches in late E8 and the embryonic definitive one turns on at E10.5 indicated by the emergence of hemogenic endothelial cells on the inner wall of the extra embryonic arteries and the embryonic aorta. To study the roles of SCL protein isoforms in murine hematopoiesis, the SCL-large (SCL-L) isoform was selectively destroyed with the remaining SCL-small (SCL-S) isoform intact. It was demonstrated that SCL-S was specifically expressed in the hemogenic endothelial cells (HECs) and SCL-L was only detected in the dispersed cells after budding from HECs. The SCLΔ/Δ homozygous mutant embryos only survived to E10.5 with normal extra embryonic vessels and red blood cells. In wild-type mouse embryos, a layer of neatly aligned CD34+ and CD43+ cells appeared on the endothelial wall of the aorta of the E10.5 fetus. However, the cells at the same site expressed CD31 rather than CD34 and/or CD43 in the E10.5 SCLΔ/Δ embryo, indicating that only the endothelial lineage was developed. These results reveal that the SCL-S is sufficient to sustain the primitive hematopoiesis and SCL-L is necessary to launch the definitive hematopoiesis.
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Ding J, Li Y, Larochelle A. De Novo Generation of Human Hematopoietic Stem Cells from Pluripotent Stem Cells for Cellular Therapy. Cells 2023; 12:321. [PMID: 36672255 PMCID: PMC9857267 DOI: 10.3390/cells12020321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The ability to manufacture human hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) in the laboratory holds enormous promise for cellular therapy of human blood diseases. Several differentiation protocols have been developed to facilitate the emergence of HSCs from human pluripotent stem cells (PSCs). Most approaches employ a stepwise addition of cytokines and morphogens to recapitulate the natural developmental process. However, these protocols globally lack clinical relevance and uniformly induce PSCs to produce hematopoietic progenitors with embryonic features and limited engraftment and differentiation capabilities. This review examines how key intrinsic cues and extrinsic environmental inputs have been integrated within human PSC differentiation protocols to enhance the emergence of definitive hematopoiesis and how advances in genomics set the stage for imminent breakthroughs in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Andre Larochelle
- Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics Branch, National Heart Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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Scully DM, Larina IV. Mouse embryo phenotyping with optical coherence tomography. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:1000237. [PMID: 36158219 PMCID: PMC9500480 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1000237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
With the explosion of gene editing tools in recent years, there has been a much greater demand for mouse embryo phenotyping, and traditional methods such as histology and histochemistry experienced a methodological renaissance as they became the principal tools for phenotyping. However, it is important to explore alternative phenotyping options to maximize time and resources and implement volumetric structural analysis for enhanced investigation of phenotypes. Cardiovascular phenotyping, in particular, is important to perform in vivo due to the dramatic structural and functional changes that occur in heart development over relatively short periods of time. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is one of the most exciting advanced imaging techniques emerging within the field of developmental biology, and this review provides a summary of how it is currently being implemented in mouse embryo investigations and phenotyping. This review aims to provide an understanding of the approaches used in optical coherence tomography and how they can be applied in embryology and developmental biology, with the overall aim of bridging the gap between biology and technology.
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Wang S, Larina IV. Following the Beat: Imaging the Valveless Pumping Function in the Early Embryonic Heart. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2022; 9:jcdd9080267. [PMID: 36005431 PMCID: PMC9409458 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd9080267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
In vertebrates, the coordinated beat of the early heart tube drives cardiogenesis and supports embryonic growth. How the heart pumps at this valveless stage marks a fascinating problem that is of vital significance for understanding cardiac development and defects. The developing heart achieves its function at the same time as continuous and dramatic morphological changes, which in turn modify its pumping dynamics. The beauty of this muti-time-scale process also highlights its complexity that requires interdisciplinary approaches to study. High-resolution optical imaging, particularly fast, four-dimensional (4D) imaging, plays a critical role in revealing the process of pumping, instructing numerical modeling, and enabling biomechanical analyses. In this review, we aim to connect the investigation of valveless pumping mechanisms with the recent advancements in embryonic cardiodynamic imaging, facilitating interactions between these two areas of study, in hopes of encouraging and motivating innovative work to further understand the early heartbeat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shang Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ 07030, USA
- Correspondence:
| | - Irina V. Larina
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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35
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Flow goes forward and cells step backward: endothelial migration. Exp Mol Med 2022; 54:711-719. [PMID: 35701563 PMCID: PMC9256678 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-022-00785-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic and pulmonary circulations constitute a complex organ that serves multiple important biological functions. Consequently, any pathological processing affecting the vasculature can have profound systemic ramifications. Endothelial and smooth muscle are the two principal cell types composing blood vessels. Critically, endothelial proliferation and migration are central to the formation and expansion of the vasculature both during embryonic development and in adult tissues. Endothelial populations are quite heterogeneous and are both vasculature type- and organ-specific. There are profound molecular, functional, and phenotypic differences between arterial, venular and capillary endothelial cells and endothelial cells in different organs. Given this endothelial cell population diversity, it has been challenging to determine the origin of endothelial cells responsible for the angiogenic expansion of the vasculature. Recent technical advances, such as precise cell fate mapping, time-lapse imaging, genome editing, and single-cell RNA sequencing, have shed new light on the role of venous endothelial cells in angiogenesis under both normal and pathological conditions. Emerging data indicate that venous endothelial cells are unique in their ability to serve as the primary source of endothelial cellular mass during both developmental and pathological angiogenesis. Here, we review recent studies that have improved our understanding of angiogenesis and suggest an updated model of this process. Cells that line the inside of veins possess a unique ability to grow new blood vessels and a better understanding of these cells could lead to new treatments for cancer, autoimmunity and other diseases associated with abnormal blood vessel formation. Michael Simons and colleagues from Yale University School of Medicine in New Haven, USA, review the attributes of venous endothelial cells, such as their unique ability to proliferate and migrate against blood flow, and then to form new intricate networks of minute blood vessels, in response to appropriate signals. The authors discuss emerging evidence implicating these cells in a variety of diseases, and suggest that drugs aimed at modulating the molecular function or migratory activities of venous endothelial cells could be used to correct abnormal blood vessel expansion.
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Mukherjee P, Rahaman SG, Goswami R, Dutta B, Mahanty M, Rahaman SO. Role of mechanosensitive channels/receptors in atherosclerosis. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2022; 322:C927-C938. [PMID: 35353635 PMCID: PMC9109792 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00396.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Mechanical forces are critical physical cues that can affect numerous cellular processes regulating the development, tissue maintenance, and functionality of cells. The contribution of mechanical forces is especially crucial in the vascular system where it is required for embryogenesis and for maintenance of physiological function in vascular cells including aortic endothelial cells, resident macrophages, and smooth muscle cells. Emerging evidence has also identified a role of these mechanical cues in pathological conditions of the vascular system such as atherosclerosis and associated diseases like hypertension. Of the different mechanotransducers, mechanosensitive ion channels/receptors are gaining prominence due to their involvement in numerous physiological and pathological conditions. However, only a handful of potential mechanosensory ion channels/receptors have been shown to be involved in atherosclerosis, and their precise role in disease development and progression remains poorly understood. Here, we provide a comprehensive account of recent studies investigating the role of mechanosensitive ion channels/receptors in atherosclerosis. We discuss the different groups of mechanosensitive proteins and their specific roles in inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, macrophage foam cell formation, and lesion development, which are crucial for the development and progression of atherosclerosis. Results of the studies discussed here will help in developing an understanding of the current state of mechanobiology in vascular diseases, specifically in atherosclerosis, which may be important for the development of innovative and targeted therapeutics for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pritha Mukherjee
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland
| | | | - Rishov Goswami
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland
| | - Bidisha Dutta
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland
| | - Manisha Mahanty
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland
| | - Shaik O Rahaman
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland
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37
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Li-Villarreal N, Wong RLY, Garcia MD, Udan RS, Poché RA, Rasmussen TL, Rhyner AM, Wythe JD, Dickinson ME. FOXO1 represses sprouty 2 and sprouty 4 expression to promote arterial specification and vascular remodeling in the mouse yolk sac. Development 2022; 149:274922. [PMID: 35297995 PMCID: PMC8995087 DOI: 10.1242/dev.200131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Establishing a functional circulatory system is required for post-implantation development during murine embryogenesis. Previous studies in loss-of-function mouse models showed that FOXO1, a Forkhead family transcription factor, is required for yolk sac (YS) vascular remodeling and survival beyond embryonic day (E) 11. Here, we demonstrate that at E8.25, loss of Foxo1 in Tie2-cre expressing cells resulted in increased sprouty 2 (Spry2) and Spry4 expression, reduced arterial gene expression and reduced Kdr (also known as Vegfr2 and Flk1) transcripts without affecting overall endothelial cell identity, survival or proliferation. Using a Dll4-BAC-nlacZ reporter line, we found that one of the earliest expressed arterial genes, delta like 4, is significantly reduced in Foxo1 mutant YS without being substantially affected in the embryo proper. We show that FOXO1 binds directly to previously identified Spry2 gene regulatory elements (GREs) and newly identified, evolutionarily conserved Spry4 GREs to repress their expression. Furthermore, overexpression of Spry4 in transient transgenic embryos largely recapitulates the reduced expression of arterial genes seen in conditional Foxo1 mutants. Together, these data reveal a novel role for FOXO1 as a key transcriptional repressor regulating both pre-flow arterial specification and subsequent vessel remodeling within the murine YS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanbing Li-Villarreal
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Rebecca Lee Yean Wong
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Monica D. Garcia
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Ryan S. Udan
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Ross A. Poché
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Tara L. Rasmussen
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Alexander M. Rhyner
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Joshua D. Wythe
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Mary E. Dickinson
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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Endothelial MEKK3-KLF2/4 signaling integrates inflammatory and hemodynamic signals during definitive hematopoiesis. Blood 2022; 139:2942-2957. [PMID: 35245372 PMCID: PMC9101247 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2021013934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) that produce blood for the lifetime of an animal arise from RUNX1+ hemogenic endothelial cells (HECs) in the embryonic vasculature through a process of endothelial-to-hematopoietic transition (EHT). Studies have identified inflammatory mediators and fluid shear forces as critical environmental stimuli for EHT, raising the question of how such diverse inputs are integrated to drive HEC specification. Endothelial cell MEKK3-KLF2/4 signaling can be activated by both fluid shear forces and inflammatory mediators, and plays roles in cardiovascular development and disease that have been linked to both stimuli. Here we demonstrate that MEKK3 and KLF2/4 are required in endothelial cells for the specification of RUNX1+ HECs in both the yolk sac and dorsal aorta of the mouse embryo and for their transition to intra-aortic hematopoietic cluster cells (IAHCs). The inflammatory mediators lipopolysaccharide and interferon gamma increase RUNX1+ HECs in an MEKK3-dependent manner. Maternal administration of catecholamines that stimulate embryo cardiac function and accelerate yolk sac vascular remodeling increases EHT by wild-type but not MEKK3-deficient endothelium. These findings identify MEKK-KLF2/4 signaling as an essential pathway for EHT and provide a molecular basis for the integration of diverse environmental inputs, such as inflammatory mediators and hemodynamic forces, during definitive hematopoiesis.
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Paulissen SM, Castranova DM, Krispin SM, Burns MC, Menéndez J, Torres-Vázquez J, Weinstein BM. Anatomy and development of the pectoral fin vascular network in the zebrafish. Development 2022; 149:dev199676. [PMID: 35132436 PMCID: PMC8959142 DOI: 10.1242/dev.199676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The pectoral fins of teleost fish are analogous structures to human forelimbs, and the developmental mechanisms directing their initial growth and patterning are conserved between fish and tetrapods. The forelimb vasculature is crucial for limb function, and it appears to play important roles during development by promoting development of other limb structures, but the steps leading to its formation are poorly understood. In this study, we use high-resolution imaging to document the stepwise assembly of the zebrafish pectoral fin vasculature. We show that fin vascular network formation is a stereotyped, choreographed process that begins with the growth of an initial vascular loop around the pectoral fin. This loop connects to the dorsal aorta to initiate pectoral vascular circulation. Pectoral fin vascular development continues with concurrent formation of three elaborate vascular plexuses, one in the distal fin that develops into the fin-ray vasculature and two near the base of the fin in association with the developing fin musculature. Our findings detail a complex, yet highly choreographed, series of steps involved in the development of a complete, functional, organ-specific vascular network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott M. Paulissen
- Division of Developmental Biology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Daniel M. Castranova
- Division of Developmental Biology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Shlomo M. Krispin
- Division of Developmental Biology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Margaret C. Burns
- Division of Developmental Biology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Javier Menéndez
- Department of Cell Biology, Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, New York University Langone Medical Center, NY 10016, USA
| | - Jesús Torres-Vázquez
- Department of Cell Biology, Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, New York University Langone Medical Center, NY 10016, USA
| | - Brant M. Weinstein
- Division of Developmental Biology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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Qiu Q, Huang Y, Zhang B, Huang D, Chen X, Fan Z, Lin J, Yang W, Wang K, Qu N, Li J, Li Z, Huang J, Li S, Zhang J, Liu G, Rui G, Chen X, Zhao Q. Noninvasive Dual-Modality Photoacoustic-Ultrasonic Imaging to Detect Mammalian Embryo Abnormalities after Prenatal Exposure to Methylmercury Chloride (MMC): A Mouse Study. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2022; 130:27002. [PMID: 35108087 PMCID: PMC8809665 DOI: 10.1289/ehp8907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Severe environmental pollution and contaminants left in the environment due to the abuse of chemicals, such as methylmercury, are associated with an increasing number of embryonic disorders. Ultrasound imaging has been widely used to investigate embryonic development malformation and dysorganoplasia in both research and clinics. However, this technique is limited by its low contrast and lacking functional parameters such as the ability to measure blood oxygen saturation (SaO 2 ) and hemoglobin content (HbT) in tissues, measures that could be early vital indicators for embryonic development abnormality. Herein, we proposed combining two highly complementary techniques into a photoacoustic-ultrasound (PA-US) dual-modality imaging approach to noninvasively detect early mouse embryo abnormalities caused by methylmercury chloride (MMC) in real time. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to assess the use of PA-US dual-modality imaging for noninvasive detection of embryonic toxicity at different stages of growth following prenatal MMC exposure. Additionally, we compared the PA-US imagining results to traditional histological methods to determine whether this noninvasive method could detect early developmental defects in utero. METHODS Different dosages of MMC were administrated to pregnant mice by gavage to establish models of different levels of embryonic malformation. Ultrasound, photoacoustic signal intensity (PSI), blood oxygen saturation (SaO 2 ), and hemoglobin content (HbT) were quantified in all experimental groups. Furthermore, the embryos were sectioned and examined for pathological changes. RESULTS Using PA-US imaging, we detected differences in PSI, SaO 2 , HbT, and heart volume at embryonic day (E)14.5 and E11.5 for low and high dosages of MMC, respectively. More important, our results showed that differences between control and treated embryos identified by in utero PA-US imaging were consistent with those identified in ex vivo embryos using histological methods. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that noninvasive dual-modality PA-US is a promising strategy for detecting developmental toxicology in the uterus. Overall, this study presents a new approach for detecting embryonic toxicities, which could be crucial in clinics when diagnosing aberrant embryonic development. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP8907.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yali Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Bei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Doudou Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Zhongxiong Fan
- Department of Biomaterials, College of Materials, Research Center of Biomedical Engineering of Xiamen & Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Fujian Province & Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Soft Functional Materials Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Jinpei Lin
- Department of Integrated TCM & Western Medicine Department, Fujian Cancer Hospital & Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Wensheng Yang
- Department of Pathology Affiliated Chenggong Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Kai Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Ning Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Juan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Zhihong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Jingyu Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Shenrui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Jiaxing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Gang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Gang Rui
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Chen
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine and Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Qingliang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
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Gifre-Renom L, Daems M, Luttun A, Jones EAV. Organ-Specific Endothelial Cell Differentiation and Impact of Microenvironmental Cues on Endothelial Heterogeneity. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031477. [PMID: 35163400 PMCID: PMC8836165 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Endothelial cells throughout the body are heterogeneous, and this is tightly linked to the specific functions of organs and tissues. Heterogeneity is already determined from development onwards and ranges from arterial/venous specification to microvascular fate determination in organ-specific differentiation. Acknowledging the different phenotypes of endothelial cells and the implications of this diversity is key for the development of more specialized tissue engineering and vascular repair approaches. However, although novel technologies in transcriptomics and proteomics are facilitating the unraveling of vascular bed-specific endothelial cell signatures, still much research is based on the use of insufficiently specialized endothelial cells. Endothelial cells are not only heterogeneous, but their specialized phenotypes are also dynamic and adapt to changes in their microenvironment. During the last decades, strong collaborations between molecular biology, mechanobiology, and computational disciplines have led to a better understanding of how endothelial cells are modulated by their mechanical and biochemical contexts. Yet, because of the use of insufficiently specialized endothelial cells, there is still a huge lack of knowledge in how tissue-specific biomechanical factors determine organ-specific phenotypes. With this review, we want to put the focus on how organ-specific endothelial cell signatures are determined from development onwards and conditioned by their microenvironments during adulthood. We discuss the latest research performed on endothelial cells, pointing out the important implications of mimicking tissue-specific biomechanical cues in culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laia Gifre-Renom
- Centre for Molecular and Vascular Biology, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), BE-3000 Leuven, Belgium; (L.G.-R.); (M.D.); (A.L.)
| | - Margo Daems
- Centre for Molecular and Vascular Biology, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), BE-3000 Leuven, Belgium; (L.G.-R.); (M.D.); (A.L.)
| | - Aernout Luttun
- Centre for Molecular and Vascular Biology, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), BE-3000 Leuven, Belgium; (L.G.-R.); (M.D.); (A.L.)
| | - Elizabeth A. V. Jones
- Centre for Molecular and Vascular Biology, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), BE-3000 Leuven, Belgium; (L.G.-R.); (M.D.); (A.L.)
- Department of Cardiology, CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Correspondence:
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Kalisch-Smith JI, Morris EC, Strevens MAA, Redpath AN, Klaourakis K, Szumska D, Outhwaite JE, Sun X, Vieira JM, Smart N, De Val S, Riley PR, Sparrow DB. Analysis of Placental Arteriovenous Formation Reveals New Insights Into Embryos With Congenital Heart Defects. Front Genet 2022; 12:806136. [PMID: 35126469 PMCID: PMC8809359 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.806136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The placental vasculature provides the developing embryo with a circulation to deliver nutrients and dispose of waste products. However, in the mouse, the vascular components of the chorio-allantoic placenta have been largely unexplored due to a lack of well-validated molecular markers. This is required to study how these blood vessels form in development and how they are impacted by embryonic or maternal defects. Here, we employed marker analysis to characterize the arterial/arteriole and venous/venule endothelial cells (ECs) during normal mouse placental development. We reveal that placental ECs are potentially unique compared with their embryonic counterparts. We assessed embryonic markers of arterial ECs, venous ECs, and their capillary counterparts-arteriole and venule ECs. Major findings were that the arterial tree exclusively expressed Dll4, and venous vascular tree could be distinguished from the arterial tree by Endomucin (EMCN) expression levels. The relationship between the placenta and developing heart is particularly interesting. These two organs form at the same stages of embryogenesis and are well known to affect each other's growth trajectories. However, although there are many mouse models of heart defects, these are not routinely assessed for placental defects. Using these new placental vascular markers, we reveal that mouse embryos from one model of heart defects, caused by maternal iron deficiency, also have defects in the formation of the placental arterial, but not the venous, vascular tree. Defects to the embryonic cardiovascular system can therefore have a significant impact on blood flow delivery and expansion of the placental arterial tree.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacinta I. Kalisch-Smith
- BHF Centre for Research Excellence, Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Emily C. Morris
- BHF Centre for Research Excellence, Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Mary A. A. Strevens
- BHF Centre for Research Excellence, Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Andia N. Redpath
- BHF Centre for Research Excellence, Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Kostantinos Klaourakis
- BHF Centre for Research Excellence, Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Dorota Szumska
- BHF Centre for Research Excellence, Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Ludvig Institute for Cancer Research Ltd., University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | - Xin Sun
- BHF Centre for Research Excellence, Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Joaquim Miguel Vieira
- BHF Centre for Research Excellence, Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Nicola Smart
- BHF Centre for Research Excellence, Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah De Val
- BHF Centre for Research Excellence, Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Ludvig Institute for Cancer Research Ltd., University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Paul R. Riley
- BHF Centre for Research Excellence, Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Duncan B. Sparrow
- BHF Centre for Research Excellence, Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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43
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Moore EL, Trainor PA. Live Imaging of the Dynamics of Mammalian Neural Crest Cell Migration. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2403:263-276. [PMID: 34913129 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1847-9_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Neural crest cells (NCC) are a multipotent cell population that play an important role in vertebrate development. Often touted as the fourth-germ layer, NCC are induced at the border of the neural and non-neural ectoderm during the neurulation phase of embryogenesis. NCC undergo an epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) that facilitates their delamination and migration throughout the embryo. After reaching their final destination, NCC then differentiate into numerous distinct cell types including neurons and glia, melanocytes, and craniofacial chondrocytes and osteoblasts. Research into the signals and mechanisms regulating each step of NCC development has been instrumental to our understanding of vertebrate development, evolution, and disease. However, studying the single and collective cellular dynamics of mammalian NCC migration has proven difficult due to the challenges accessing, and limitations visualizing, NCC within an embryo that develops in utero. The following chapter describes methods for studying the dynamics of cranial NCC migration in whole mouse embryos and in two-dimensional (2D) and 3D explant cultures of the neural plate, but these methods can be adapted for NCC at any axial level of the embryo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma L Moore
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Paul A Trainor
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, MO, USA
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
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44
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Kemp SS, Lin PK, Sun Z, Castaño MA, Yrigoin K, Penn MR, Davis GE. Molecular basis for pericyte-induced capillary tube network assembly and maturation. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:943533. [PMID: 36072343 PMCID: PMC9441561 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.943533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Here we address the functional importance and role of pericytes in capillary tube network assembly, an essential process that is required for vascularized tissue development, maintenance, and health. Healthy capillaries may be directly capable of suppressing human disease. Considerable advances have occurred in our understanding of the molecular and signaling requirements controlling EC lumen and tube formation in 3D extracellular matrices. A combination of SCF, IL-3, SDF-1α, FGF-2 and insulin ("Factors") in conjunction with integrin- and MT1-MMP-induced signaling are required for EC sprouting behavior and tube formation under serum-free defined conditions. Pericyte recruitment to the abluminal EC tube surface results in elongated and narrow tube diameters and deposition of the vascular basement membrane. In contrast, EC tubes in the absence of pericytes continue to widen and shorten over time and fail to deposit basement membranes. Pericyte invasion, recruitment and proliferation in 3D matrices requires the presence of ECs. A detailed analysis identified that EC-derived PDGF-BB, PDGF-DD, ET-1, HB-EGF, and TGFβ1 are necessary for pericyte recruitment, proliferation, and basement membrane deposition. Blockade of these individual factors causes significant pericyte inhibition, but combined blockade profoundly interferes with these events, resulting in markedly widened EC tubes without basement membranes, like when pericytes are absent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott S Kemp
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida School of Medicine, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Prisca K Lin
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida School of Medicine, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Zheying Sun
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida School of Medicine, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Maria A Castaño
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida School of Medicine, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Ksenia Yrigoin
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida School of Medicine, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Marlena R Penn
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida School of Medicine, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - George E Davis
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida School of Medicine, Tampa, FL, United States
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45
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Ryan AR, Cleaver O. Plumbing our organs: Lessons from vascular development to instruct lab generated tissues. Curr Top Dev Biol 2022; 148:165-194. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.ctdb.2022.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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46
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Azzoni E, Frontera V, Anselmi G, Rode C, James C, Deltcheva EM, Demian AS, Brown J, Barone C, Patelli A, Harman JR, Nicholls M, Conway SJ, Morrissey E, Jacobsen SEW, Sparrow DB, Harris AL, Enver T, de Bruijn MFTR. The onset of circulation triggers a metabolic switch required for endothelial to hematopoietic transition. Cell Rep 2021; 37:110103. [PMID: 34910918 PMCID: PMC8692754 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.110103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) emerge during development from the vascular wall of the main embryonic arteries. The onset of circulation triggers several processes that provide critical external factors for HSC generation. Nevertheless, it is not fully understood how and when the onset of circulation affects HSC emergence. Here we show that in Ncx1-/- mouse embryos devoid of circulation the HSC lineage develops until the phenotypic pro-HSC stage. However, these cells reside in an abnormal microenvironment, fail to activate the hematopoietic program downstream of Runx1, and are functionally impaired. Single-cell transcriptomics shows that during the endothelial-to-hematopoietic transition, Ncx1-/- cells fail to undergo a glycolysis to oxidative phosphorylation metabolic switch present in wild-type cells. Interestingly, experimental activation of glycolysis results in decreased intraembryonic hematopoiesis. Our results suggest that the onset of circulation triggers metabolic changes that allow HSC generation to proceed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuele Azzoni
- MRC Molecular Hematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK.
| | - Vincent Frontera
- MRC Molecular Hematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Giorgio Anselmi
- MRC Molecular Hematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Christina Rode
- MRC Molecular Hematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Chela James
- Department of Cancer Biology, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, WC1E 6DD, UK
| | - Elitza M Deltcheva
- Department of Cancer Biology, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, WC1E 6DD, UK
| | - Atanasiu S Demian
- MRC WIMM Centre for Computational Biology, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
| | - John Brown
- Department of Cancer Biology, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, WC1E 6DD, UK
| | - Cristiana Barone
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, 20900, Italy
| | - Arianna Patelli
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, 20900, Italy
| | - Joe R Harman
- MRC Molecular Hematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Matthew Nicholls
- MRC Molecular Hematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Simon J Conway
- HB Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, IN 46033, USA
| | - Edward Morrissey
- MRC WIMM Centre for Computational Biology, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Sten Eirik W Jacobsen
- MRC Molecular Hematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Laboratory, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK; Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Wallenberg Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Department of Medicine, Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Duncan B Sparrow
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, BHF Centre of Research Excellence, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3PT, UK
| | - Adrian L Harris
- Department of Oncology, Molecular Oncology Laboratories, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Tariq Enver
- Department of Cancer Biology, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, WC1E 6DD, UK; Division of Molecular Medicine and Gene Therapy, Lund University, Lund, 22184, Sweden
| | - Marella F T R de Bruijn
- MRC Molecular Hematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK.
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47
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Sun J, Guo X, Yu P, Liang J, Mo Z, Zhang M, Yang L, Huang X, Hu B, Liu J, Ouyang Y, He M. Vasorin deficiency leads to cardiac hypertrophy by targeting MYL7 in young mice. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 26:88-98. [PMID: 34854218 PMCID: PMC8742182 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Vasorin (VASN) is an important transmembrane protein associated with development and disease. However, it is not clear whether the death of mice with VASN deficiency (VASN-/- ) is related to cardiac dysfunction. The aim of this research was to ascertain whether VASN induces pathological cardiac hypertrophy by targeting myosin light chain 7 (MYL7). VASN-/- mice were produced by CRISPR/Cas9 technology and inbreeding. PCR amplification, electrophoresis, real-time PCR and Western blotting were used to confirm VASN deficiency. Cardiac hypertrophy was examined by blood tests, histological analysis and real-time PCR, and key downstream factors were identified by RNA sequencing and real-time PCR. Western blotting, immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy analysis were used to confirm the downregulation of MYL7 production and cardiac structural changes. Our results showed that sudden death of VASN-/- mice occurred 21-28 days after birth. The obvious increases in cardiovascular risk, heart weight and myocardial volume and the upregulation of hypertrophy marker gene expression indicated that cardiac hypertrophy may be the cause of death in young VASN-/- mice. Transcriptome analysis revealed that VASN deficiency led to MYL7 downregulation, which induced myocardial structure abnormalities and disorders. Our results revealed a pathological phenomenon in which VASN deficiency may lead to cardiac hypertrophy by downregulating MYL7 production. However, more research is necessary to elucidate the underlying mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junming Sun
- Laboratory Animal Center, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiaoping Guo
- Laboratory Animal Center, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Ping Yu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Jinning Liang
- Laboratory Animal Center, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Zhongxiang Mo
- Laboratory Animal Center, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Mingyuan Zhang
- Laboratory Animal Center, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Lichao Yang
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Xuejing Huang
- Laboratory Animal Center, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Bing Hu
- Laboratory Animal Center, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Jiajuan Liu
- Laboratory Animal Center, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Yiqiang Ouyang
- Laboratory Animal Center, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Min He
- Laboratory Animal Center, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.,School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.,Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of High-Incidence-Tumor Prevention & Treatment, (Guangxi Medical University), Nanning, China
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48
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Chakraborty S, Allmon E, Sepúlveda MS, Vlachos PP. Haemodynamic dependence of mechano-genetic evolution of the cardiovascular system in Japanese medaka. J R Soc Interface 2021; 18:20210752. [PMID: 34699728 PMCID: PMC8548083 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2021.0752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The progression of cardiac gene expression-wall shear stress (WSS) interplay is critical to identifying developmental defects during cardiovascular morphogenesis. However, mechano-genetics from the embryonic to larval stages are poorly understood in vertebrates. We quantified peak WSS in the heart and tail vessels of Japanese medaka from 3 days post fertilization (dpf) to 14 dpf using in vivo micro-particle image velocimetry flow measurements, and in parallel analysed the expression of five cardiac genes (fgf8, hoxb6b, bmp4, nkx2.5, smyd1). Here, we report that WSS in the atrioventricular canal (AVC), ventricular outflow tract (OFT), and the caudal vessels in medaka peak with inflection points at 6 dpf and 10-11 dpf instead of a monotonic trend. Retrograde flows are captured at the AVC and OFT of the medaka heart for the first time. In addition, all genes were upregulated at 3 dpf and 7 dpf, indicating a possible correlation between the two, with the cardiac gene upregulation preceding WSS increase in order to facilitate cardiac wall remodelling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sreyashi Chakraborty
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Elizabeth Allmon
- Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Maria S. Sepúlveda
- Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Pavlos P. Vlachos
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
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49
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Padmanaban P, Chizari A, Knop T, Zhang J, Trikalitis VD, Koopman B, Steenbergen W, Rouwkema J. Assessment of flow within developing chicken vasculature and biofabricated vascularized tissues using multimodal imaging techniques. Sci Rep 2021; 11:18251. [PMID: 34521868 PMCID: PMC8440514 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-97008-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Fluid flow shear stresses are strong regulators for directing the organization of vascular networks. Knowledge of structural and flow dynamics information within complex vasculature is essential for tuning the vascular organization within engineered tissues, by manipulating flows. However, reported investigations of vascular organization and their associated flow dynamics within complex vasculature over time are limited, due to limitations in the available physiological pre-clinical models, and the optical inaccessibility and aseptic nature of these models. Here, we developed laser speckle contrast imaging (LSCI) and side-stream dark field microscopy (SDF) systems to map the vascular organization, spatio-temporal blood flow fluctuations as well as erythrocytes movements within individual blood vessels of developing chick embryo, cultured within an artificial eggshell system. By combining imaging data and computational simulations, we estimated fluid flow shear stresses within multiscale vasculature of varying complexity. Furthermore, we demonstrated the LSCI compatibility with bioengineered perfusable muscle tissue constructs, fabricated via molding techniques. The presented application of LSCI and SDF on perfusable tissues enables us to study the flow perfusion effects in a non-invasive fashion. The gained knowledge can help to use fluid perfusion in order to tune and control multiscale vascular organization within engineered tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prasanna Padmanaban
- Vascularization Lab, Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Technical Medical Centre, Faculty of Engineering Technology, University of Twente, 7500 AE, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Ata Chizari
- Biomedical Photonic Imaging, Technical Medical Centre, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, 7500 AE, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Tom Knop
- Biomedical Photonic Imaging, Technical Medical Centre, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, 7500 AE, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Jiena Zhang
- Vascularization Lab, Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Technical Medical Centre, Faculty of Engineering Technology, University of Twente, 7500 AE, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Vasileios D Trikalitis
- Vascularization Lab, Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Technical Medical Centre, Faculty of Engineering Technology, University of Twente, 7500 AE, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Bart Koopman
- Vascularization Lab, Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Technical Medical Centre, Faculty of Engineering Technology, University of Twente, 7500 AE, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Wiendelt Steenbergen
- Biomedical Photonic Imaging, Technical Medical Centre, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, 7500 AE, Enschede, The Netherlands.
| | - Jeroen Rouwkema
- Vascularization Lab, Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Technical Medical Centre, Faculty of Engineering Technology, University of Twente, 7500 AE, Enschede, The Netherlands.
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50
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Khajavi B, Sun R, Chawla HS, Henry HL, Singh M, Schill AW, Dickinson ME, Mayerich D, Larin KV. Multimodal high-resolution embryonic imaging with light sheet fluorescence microscopy and optical coherence tomography. OPTICS LETTERS 2021; 46:4180-4183. [PMID: 34469969 PMCID: PMC8903154 DOI: 10.1364/ol.430202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A high-resolution imaging system combining optical coherence tomography (OCT) and light sheet fluorescence microscopy (LSFM) was developed. LSFM confined the excitation to only the focal plane, removing the out of plane fluorescence. This enabled imaging a murine embryo with higher speed and specificity than traditional fluorescence microscopy. OCT gives information about the structure of the embryo from the same plane illuminated by LSFM. The co-planar OCT and LSFM instrument was capable of performing co-registered functional and structural imaging of mouse embryos simultaneously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behzad Khajavi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - Ruijiao Sun
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | | | - H. Le Henry
- Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, Texas 77584, USA
| | - Manmohan Singh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - Alexander W. Schill
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - Mary E. Dickinson
- Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, Texas 77584, USA
| | - David Mayerich
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - Kirill V. Larin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
- Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, Texas 77584, USA
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