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Repkin EA, Gafarova ER, Varfolomeeva MA, Kurjachii DS, Polev DE, Shavarda AL, Maslakov GP, Mullakhmetov RI, Zubova EV, Bariev TB, Granovitch AI, Maltseva AL. Littorina snails and Microphallus trematodes: Diverse consequences of the trematode-induced metabolic shifts. Parasitol Res 2024; 123:229. [PMID: 38819740 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-024-08244-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
The intricate relationships between parasites and hosts encompass a wide range of levels, from molecular interactions to population dynamics. Parasites influence not only the physiological processes in the host organism, but also the entire ecosystem, affecting mortality of individuals, the number of offspring through parasitic castration, and matter and energy cycles. Understanding the molecular mechanisms that govern host-parasite relationships and their impact on host physiology and environment remains challenging. In this study, we analyzed how infection with Microphallus trematodes affects the metabolome of two Littorina snail species inhabiting different intertidal zone shore levels. We applied non-targeted GC-MS-based metabolomics to analyze biochemical shifts induced by trematode infection in a host organism. We have identified changes in energy, amino acid, sugar, and lipid metabolism. In particular, we observed intensified amino acid catabolism and nitrogenous catabolites (glutamine, urea) production. These changes primarily correlated with infection and interspecies differences of the hosts rather than shore level. The changes detected in the host metabolism indicate that other aspects of life may have been affected, both within the host organism and at a supra-organismal level. Therefore, we explored changes in microbiota composition, deviations in the host molluscs behavior, and acetylcholinesterase activity (ACE, an enzyme involved in neuromuscular transmission) in relation to infection. Infected snails displayed changes in their microbiome composition. Decreased ACE activity in snails was associated with reduced mobility, but whether it is associated with trematode infection remains unclear. The authors suggest a connection between the identified biochemical changes and the deformation of the shell of molluscs, changes in their behavior, and the associated microbiome. The role of parasitic systems formed by microphallid trematodes and Littorina snails in the nitrogen cycle at the ecosystem level is also assumed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Egor A Repkin
- Department of Invertebrate Zoology, St. Petersburg State University, 199034 Universitetskaya Emb. 7/9, St. Petersburg, Russia.
- Research Park Centre for Molecular and Cell Technologies, St. Petersburg State University, 199034 Universitetskaya Emb. 7/9, St. Petersburg, Russia.
| | - Elizaveta R Gafarova
- Department of Invertebrate Zoology, St. Petersburg State University, 199034 Universitetskaya Emb. 7/9, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Marina A Varfolomeeva
- Department of Invertebrate Zoology, St. Petersburg State University, 199034 Universitetskaya Emb. 7/9, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Dmitrii S Kurjachii
- Department of Invertebrate Zoology, St. Petersburg State University, 199034 Universitetskaya Emb. 7/9, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Dmitrii E Polev
- Department of Epidemiology, St. Petersburg Pasteur Institute, 197101 Mira Street 14, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Alexei L Shavarda
- Research Park Centre for Molecular and Cell Technologies, St. Petersburg State University, 199034 Universitetskaya Emb. 7/9, St. Petersburg, Russia
- Department of Analytical Phytochemistry, Komarov Botanical Institute, 197376 Professora Popova Street 2, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Georgiy P Maslakov
- Department of Invertebrate Zoology, St. Petersburg State University, 199034 Universitetskaya Emb. 7/9, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Roman I Mullakhmetov
- Department of Invertebrate Zoology, St. Petersburg State University, 199034 Universitetskaya Emb. 7/9, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Ekaterina V Zubova
- Department of Invertebrate Zoology, St. Petersburg State University, 199034 Universitetskaya Emb. 7/9, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Timur B Bariev
- Department of Invertebrate Zoology, St. Petersburg State University, 199034 Universitetskaya Emb. 7/9, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Andrei I Granovitch
- Department of Invertebrate Zoology, St. Petersburg State University, 199034 Universitetskaya Emb. 7/9, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Arina L Maltseva
- Department of Invertebrate Zoology, St. Petersburg State University, 199034 Universitetskaya Emb. 7/9, St. Petersburg, Russia
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Friesen OC, Aukema HM, Detwiler JT. Species-specific oxylipins and the effects of ontogeny and predation on their emission from freshwater snails. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2024; 291:111607. [PMID: 38360203 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2024.111607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Chemical cues play important roles in mediating ecological interactions. Oxylipins, oxygenated metabolites of fatty acids, are one signalling molecule type that influences the physiology and function of species, suggesting their broader significance in chemical communication within aquatic systems. Yet, our current understanding of their function is restricted taxonomically and contextually making it difficult to infer their ecological significance. Snails and leeches are ubiquitous in freshwater ecosystems worldwide, yet little is known about their oxylipin profiles and the factors that cause their profiles to change. As snails and leeches differ taxonomically and represent different trophic groups, we postulated oxylipin profile differences. For snails, we hypothesized that ontogeny (non-reproductive vs reproductive) and predation (non-infested vs leech-infested) would affect oxylipin profiles. Oxylipins were characterized from water conditioned with the snail Planorbella duryi and leech Helobdella lineata, and included three treatment types (snails, leeches, and leech-infested snails) with the snails consisting of three size classes: small (5-6 mm, non-reproductive) and medium and large (13-14 and 19-20 mm, reproductive). The two species differed in the composition of their oxylipin profiles both in diversity and amounts. Further, ontogeny and predation affected the diversity of oxylipins emitted by snails. Our experimental profiles of oxylipins show that chemical cues within freshwater systems vary depending upon the species emitting the signals, the developmental stage of the species, as well as from ecological interactions such as predation. We also identified some candidates, like 9-HETE and PGE2, that could be explored more directly for their physiological and ecological roles in freshwater systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olwyn C Friesen
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Manitoba, Canada
| | - Harold M Aukema
- Department of Food and Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Canada; Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine, St. Boniface Hospital Research Centre, Canada
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Wang Y, Buer B, Goodman CL, Kang D, Reall T, Dohn S, Ringbauer J, Li Y, Geibel S, Stanley D. Indomethacin and 20-hydroxyecdysone influence protein expression in a Spodoptera frugiperda nervous system cell line. ARCHIVES OF INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 115:e22089. [PMID: 38409869 DOI: 10.1002/arch.22089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Insecticide mode of action studies provide insights into how new insecticidal actives function and contribute to assessing safety to humans and nontarget organisms. Insect cell lines that express potential target sites can serve as valuable tools in this effort. In this paper, we report on the influence of two signaling molecules on protein expression in a nervous system cell line established from Spodoptera frugiperda (Bayer/BCIRL-SfNS2-0714-TR). We selected this line because we established it in our laboratory and we are experienced in using it. Cells were exposed to the insect developmental hormone (1 µg/mL 20-hydroxyecdysone, 20E) and/or a cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitor (25 μM indomethacin, INDO; inhibits prostaglandin [PG] biosynthesis) for 24 h (Day 2), 72 h (Day 4), or 120 h (Day 6). We selected a PG biosynthesis inhibitor because PGs act in many aspects of insect biology, such as embryonic development, immunity, and protein phosphorylation. We selected the developmental hormone, 20E, because it also acts in fundamental aspects of insect biology. We identified specific proteins via in silico analysis. Changes in protein expression levels were determined using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (MS) + MS-MS. The largest number of changes in protein expression occurred on Day 2. The combination of 20E plus INDO led to 222 differentially expressed proteins, which documents the deep significance of PGs and 20E in insect biology. 20E and, separately, INDO led to changes in 30 proteins each (p value < 0.01; >2X or <0.5X-fold changes). We recorded changes in the expression of 9 or 12 proteins (20E), 10 or 6 proteins (INDO), and 21 or 20 proteins (20E + INDO) on D4 and D6, respectively. While the cell line was established from neuronal tissue, the differentially expressed proteins act in a variety of fundamental cell processes. In this paper, we moved beyond a list of proteins by providing detailed, Gene Ontology term analyses and enrichment, which offers an in-depth understanding of the influence of these treatments on the SfNS2 cells. Because proteins are active components of cell physiology in their roles as enzymes, receptors, elements of signaling transduction pathways, and cellular structures, changes in their expression levels under the influence of signaling molecules provide insights into their function in insect cell physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Wang
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Liaoning Engineering and Technology Research Center for Insect Resource, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Benjamin Buer
- Bayer AG, Research & Development, Crop Science, Monheim am Rhein, Germany
| | - Cynthia L Goodman
- Biological Control of Insects Research Laboratory, USDA/Agricultural Research Service, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - David Kang
- Biological Control of Insects Research Laboratory, USDA/Agricultural Research Service, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Tamra Reall
- University of Missouri-Extension, Blue Springs, Missouri, USA
| | - Susanne Dohn
- Bayer AG, Research & Development, Crop Science, Monheim am Rhein, Germany
| | - Joseph Ringbauer
- Biological Control of Insects Research Laboratory, USDA/Agricultural Research Service, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Yaofa Li
- Plant Protection Institute, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences/IPM Center of Hebei Province/Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northern Region of North China, Ministry of Agriculture, Baoding, China
| | - Sven Geibel
- Bayer AG, Research & Development, Crop Science, Monheim am Rhein, Germany
| | - David Stanley
- Biological Control of Insects Research Laboratory, USDA/Agricultural Research Service, Columbia, Missouri, USA
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Imbs AB, Dembitsky VM. Coral Lipids. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:539. [PMID: 37888474 PMCID: PMC10608786 DOI: 10.3390/md21100539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Reef-building corals, recognized as cornerstone species in marine ecosystems, captivate with their unique duality as both symbiotic partners and autotrophic entities. Beyond their ecological prominence, these corals produce a diverse array of secondary metabolites, many of which are poised to revolutionize the domains of pharmacology and medicine. This exhaustive review delves deeply into the multifaceted world of coral-derived lipids, highlighting both ubiquitous and rare forms. Within this spectrum, we navigate through a myriad of fatty acids and their acyl derivatives, encompassing waxes, sterol esters, triacylglycerols, mono-akyl-diacylglycerols, and an array of polar lipids such as betaine lipids, glycolipids, sphingolipids, phospholipids, and phosphonolipids. We offer a comprehensive exploration of the intricate biochemical variety of these lipids, related fatty acids, prostaglandins, and both cyclic and acyclic oxilipins. Additionally, the review provides insights into the chemotaxonomy of these compounds, illuminating the fatty acid synthesis routes inherent in corals. Of particular interest is the symbiotic bond many coral species nurture with dinoflagellates from the Symbiodinium group; their lipid and fatty acid profiles are also detailed in this discourse. This exploration accentuates the vast potential and intricacy of coral lipids and underscores their profound relevance in scientific endeavors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey B. Imbs
- A.V. Zhirmunsky National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, 17 Palchevsky Str., 690041 Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Valery M. Dembitsky
- Centre for Applied Research, Innovation and Entrepreneurship, Lethbridge College, 3000 College Drive South, Lethbridge, AB T1K 1L6, Canada
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Liu X, Jin H, Xu G, Lai R, Wang A. Bioactive Peptides from Barnacles and Their Potential for Antifouling Development. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:480. [PMID: 37755093 PMCID: PMC10532818 DOI: 10.3390/md21090480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Barnacles, a prevalent fouler organism in intertidal zones, has long been a source of annoyance due to significant economic losses and ecological impacts. Numerous antifouling approaches have been explored, including extensive research on antifouling chemicals. However, the excessive utilization of small-molecule chemicals appears to give rise to novel environmental concerns. Therefore, it is imperative to develop new strategies. Barnacles exhibit appropriate responses to environmental challenges with complex physiological processes and unique sensory systems. Given the assumed crucial role of bioactive peptides, an increasing number of peptides with diverse activities are being discovered in barnacles. Fouling-related processes have been identified as potential targets for antifouling strategies. In this paper, we present a comprehensive review of peptides derived from barnacles, aiming to underscore their significant potential in the quest for innovative solutions in biofouling prevention and drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Liu
- Center for Evolution and Conservation Biology, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511458, China; (X.L.); (H.J.); (G.X.); (R.L.)
| | - Hui Jin
- Center for Evolution and Conservation Biology, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511458, China; (X.L.); (H.J.); (G.X.); (R.L.)
| | - Gaochi Xu
- Center for Evolution and Conservation Biology, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511458, China; (X.L.); (H.J.); (G.X.); (R.L.)
| | - Ren Lai
- Center for Evolution and Conservation Biology, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511458, China; (X.L.); (H.J.); (G.X.); (R.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Peptides of Yunnan Province, KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, National Resource Center for Non-Human Primates, Kunming Primate Research Center, National Research Facility for Phenotypic & Genetic Analysis of Model Animals (Primate Facility), Sino-African Joint Research Center and Engineering Laboratory of Peptides, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming 650107, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Aili Wang
- Center for Evolution and Conservation Biology, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511458, China; (X.L.); (H.J.); (G.X.); (R.L.)
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Lee S, Jung GT, Cho M, Lee JW, Eghan K, Lee J, Yoon S, Kim KP, Kim WK. Plausibility of Daphnia magna as an alternative experimental model to evaluate effects on eicosanoid synthesis. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 262:115119. [PMID: 37327520 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Eicosanoids play important roles in inflammation, allergy, fever, and immune responses. In the eicosanoid pathway, cyclooxygenase (COX) catalyzes the conversion of arachidonic acid to prostaglandins and is a crucial target of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Thus, toxicological studies on the eicosanoid pathway are important for drug discovery and the evaluation of adverse health outcomes due to environmental contaminants. However, experimental models are limited owing to concerns regarding ethical standards. Thus, new alternative models for evaluating toxic effects on the eicosanoid pathway must be developed. To this end, we adopted an invertebrate species, Daphnia magna, as an alternative model. D. magna was exposed to ibuprofen, a major NSAID, for 6 and 24 h. Transcription of eicosanoid-related genes (pla2, cox, pgd synthase, pgd2r2, ltb4dh, and lox) was analyzed by qPCR, eicosanoids (arachidonic acid, prostaglandin F2, dihydroxy prostaglandin F2, and 5-hydroxyeicosatetraenoate) were quantified by multiple reaction monitoring, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to determine protein levels of arachidonic acid and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). After 6 h of exposure, transcription of the pla2 and cox genes was downregulated. In addition, the whole-body level of arachidonic acid, an upstream of COX pathway, increased by over 1.5-fold. The levels of PGE2, a downstream of COX pathway, decreased after 24 h of exposure. According to our results, it is expected that the eicosanoid pathway might be conserved in D. magna, at least partially. This indicates the plausibility of D. magna as an alternative model for the screening of new drugs or chemical toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangwoo Lee
- Department of Predictive Toxicology, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon 34114, the Republic of Korea
| | - Gun Tae Jung
- Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, Kyung Hee Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02453, the Republic of Korea
| | - Mina Cho
- Department of Predictive Toxicology, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon 34114, the Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Won Lee
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Institute of Natural Science, Global Center for Pharmaceutical Ingredient Materials, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, the Republic of Korea
| | - Kojo Eghan
- Department of Predictive Toxicology, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon 34114, the Republic of Korea; Human and Environmental Toxicology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, the Republic of Korea
| | - Jieon Lee
- Department of Predictive Toxicology, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon 34114, the Republic of Korea
| | - Seokjoo Yoon
- Department of Predictive Toxicology, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon 34114, the Republic of Korea; Human and Environmental Toxicology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, the Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang Pyo Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, Kyung Hee Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02453, the Republic of Korea; Department of Applied Chemistry, Institute of Natural Science, Global Center for Pharmaceutical Ingredient Materials, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, the Republic of Korea.
| | - Woo-Keun Kim
- Department of Predictive Toxicology, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon 34114, the Republic of Korea; Human and Environmental Toxicology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, the Republic of Korea.
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Light modulates the lipidome of the photosynthetic sea slug Elysia timida. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2023; 1868:159249. [PMID: 36336252 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2022.159249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Long-term kleptoplasty, the capability to retain functional stolen chloroplasts (kleptoplasts) for several weeks to months, has been shown in a handful of Sacoglossa sea slugs. One of these sea slugs is Elysia timida, endemic to the Mediterranean, which retains functional chloroplasts of the macroalga Acetabularia acetabulum. To understand how light modulates the lipidome of E. timida, sea slug specimens were subjected to two different 4-week light treatments: regular light and quasi-dark conditions. Lipidomic analyses were performed by HILIC-HR-ESI-MS and MS/MS. Quasi-dark conditions caused a reduction in the amount of essential lipids for photosynthetic membranes, such as glycolipids, indicating high level of kleptoplast degradation under sub-optimal light conditions. However, maximum photosynthetic capacities (Fv/Fm) were identical in both light treatments (≈0.75), showing similar kleptoplast functionality and suggesting that older kleptoplasts were targeted for degradation. Although more stable, the phospholipidome showed differences between light treatments: the amount of certain lipid species of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylinositol (PI), and phosphatidylglycerol (PG) decreased under quasi-dark conditions, while other lipid species of phosphatidylcholine (PC), PE and lyso-PE (LPE) increased. Quasi-dark conditions promoted a decrease in the relative abundance of polyunsaturated fatty acids. These results suggest a light-driven remodelling of the lipidome according to the functions of the different lipids and highlight the plasticity of polar lipids in the photosynthetic sea slug E. timida.
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Shen Y, Li L, Luo X, Huang M, Ke C, You W, Li W. Prostaglandin E2 involvement in the reproduction of small abalone, Haliotis diversicolor. AQUACULTURE AND FISHERIES 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aaf.2022.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Rey F, Greenacre M, Silva Neto GM, Bueno-Pardo J, Domingues MR, Calado R. Fatty acid ratio analysis identifies changes in competent meroplanktonic larvae sampled over different supply events. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 173:105517. [PMID: 34798492 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2021.105517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Planktonic communities are a cornerstone of ocean food webs. Early benthic performance of meroplanktonic organisms is shaped by their life stages in planktonic communities. Fatty acid profiles of marine invertebrates are a good indicator of their nutritional state and allow inferring how dietary regimes experienced during larval pelagic life may drive their pre- and post-metamorphosis performance. Fatty acid profiles of Carcinus maenas megalopae were analysed during four larval supply events in two consecutive years to better understand the variability in their nutritional state at settlement. The logratio analysis of fatty acids showed differences between the four larval supply events, with five ratios explaining 83.1% of the variance. The ratios that contributed to separate larval supply events presented a combination of essential, de novo synthetized and diet origin fatty acids (e.g., phytanate/20:4 n-6, 16:0/18:2 n-4). The high fatty acid signature dispersion found within the same supply event suggests that larvae settling at Ria de Aveiro (Portugal) developed through different planktonic feeding zones and experienced contrasting feeding regimes. The fatty acid profile of megalopae demonstrated a high contribution of diatoms, flagellates and bacteria in the larval diet of C. maenas. The present study demonstrated differences between supply events, although a high variability of larval phenotypes was recorded within the same supply event.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felisa Rey
- ECOMARE & CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies & Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; Mass Spectrometry Centre & LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Michael Greenacre
- Department of Economics and Business, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, & Barcelona School of Management, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Gina M Silva Neto
- ECOMARE & CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies & Department of Biology, Campus Universitário de Santiago, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Juan Bueno-Pardo
- Future Oceans Lab, CIM-Universidade de Vigo, Campus Lagoas Marcosende, 36310 Vigo, Spain.
| | - M Rosário Domingues
- ECOMARE & CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies & Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; Mass Spectrometry Centre & LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Ricardo Calado
- ECOMARE & CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies & Department of Biology, Campus Universitário de Santiago, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
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Wang Y, Goodman CL, Ringbauer J, Li Y, Stanley D. Prostaglandin A 2 induces apoptosis in three cell lines derived from the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda. ARCHIVES OF INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 108:e21844. [PMID: 34519097 DOI: 10.1002/arch.21844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Animals maintain homeostasis of cell numbers, constantly creating new cells and eliminating others. Programmed cell death, apoptosis, is a mechanism of cell elimination and it acts in many aspects of animal biology. Drawing on the biomedical background, several signals launch the apoptosis mechanisms, including prostaglandins (PGs). Based on this information, we posed the hypothesis that PGs similarly induce apoptosis in insect cell lines. We used three Spodoptera frugiperda cell lines, including two newly established, BCIRL-SfNS-0518B-YL derived from the central nervous system and BCIRL-Sf4FB-0614-SGS derived from fat body, and the commercially available Sf9 cells. Using a kinetic apoptosis kit, we found treating SfNS cells for 18 h with 15 or 20 μM PGA2 led to decreases in cell numbers, coupled with increased numbers of apoptotic and dead cells. Similar exposures to 10 μM PGA2 (24 h) led to substantial increases in apoptotic cells, confirmed by a terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling assay on a flow cytometer. The influence of PGA2 treatments increased with dosage, as we recorded about 20% apoptosis at 24 h post-PGA2 treatments (10 μM) and about 34% apoptosis at 24 h post-30 μM treatments. PGA2 treatments led to 10- to 30-fold increases in messenger RNAs (mRNAs) encoding apoptosis-specific caspases-1, -2, -3, and -5 at 12 h and 40- to 60-fold increases in mRNAs encoding caspases-1 and -2, 10-fold increases for caspases-3 and -5 at 24 h. These findings strongly support our hypothesis that PGs induce apoptosis in an insect cell line and confirm an additional PG action in insect biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Wang
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Insect Resource Research Center for Engineering and Technology of Liaoning Province, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Cynthia L Goodman
- USDA/Agricultural Research Service, Biological Control of Insects Research Laboratory, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Joseph Ringbauer
- USDA/Agricultural Research Service, Biological Control of Insects Research Laboratory, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Yaofa Li
- Plant Protection Institute, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Baoding, China
| | - David Stanley
- USDA/Agricultural Research Service, Biological Control of Insects Research Laboratory, Columbia, Missouri, USA
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Villalba-Villalba AG, Perez-Velazquez M, González-Félix ML, Maldonado-Arce AD. Fatty Acid Profile and Proximate Composition of Gonads from Wild Echinometra vanbrunti during an Annual Cycle: Suitability for Human Consumption. JOURNAL OF AQUATIC FOOD PRODUCT TECHNOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/10498850.2021.1973636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Martin Perez-Velazquez
- Department of Scientific and Technological Research, University of Sonora, Hermosillo, Mexico
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Sousa AP, Nunes B. Dangerous connections: biochemical and behavioral traits in Daphnia magna and Daphnia longispina exposed to ecologically relevant amounts of paracetamol. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:38792-38808. [PMID: 33740191 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-13200-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Exposure of nontarget organisms to therapeutic agents can cause distinct toxic effects, even at low concentrations. Paracetamol is a painkiller drug, widely used in human and veterinary therapies, being frequently found in the aquatic compartment in considerable amounts. Its toxicity has already been established for some species, but its full ecotoxicological potential is still not sufficiently described. To characterize the ecotoxicity of paracetamol, the present study evaluated several parameters, such as acute immobilization (EC50 calculation), biochemical alterations, and behavioral effects, in two species of freshwater microcrustaceans of the genus Daphnia (D. magna and D. longispina). To increase the relevance of the data obtained, animals were exposed to levels of paracetamol similar to those already reported to occur in the wild. Data showed antioxidant responses in both species, namely an increase of catalase and GSTs activities in D. magna. On the contrary, effects of paracetamol on D. longispina included only an impairment of GSTs activity. Despite the absence of anticholinesterasic effects, behavioral modifications were also observed. This set of data indicates that realistic levels of paracetamol may trigger the activation of the antioxidant defense system of freshwater crustaceans, causing changes in behavioral traits (increase in swimming time, but with a reduction in swimming distance) of unknown etiology that are likely to affect normal life traits of wild populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula Sousa
- Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar (CESAM), Campus de Santiago, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Bruno Nunes
- Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar (CESAM), Campus de Santiago, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
- Departamento de Biologia da Universidade de Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
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13
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Nogueira AF, Nunes B. Effects of paracetamol on the polychaete Hediste diversicolor: occurrence of oxidative stress, cyclooxygenase inhibition and behavioural alterations. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:26772-26783. [PMID: 33496946 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-12046-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Pharmaceuticals are significant environmental stressors, since they are utilized around the world; they are usually released in to the aquatic system without adequate treatment and several non-target species can be harmed because of their intrinsic properties. Paracetamol is one of the most widely prescribed analgesics in human medical care. Consequently, this compound is systematically reported to occur in the wild, where it may exert toxic effects on non-target species, which are mostly uncharacterized so far. The objective of the present work was to assess the acute (control, 5, 25, 125, 625 and 3125 μg/L) and chronic (control, 5, 10, 20, 40 and 80 μg/L) effects of paracetamol on behavioural endpoints, as well as on selected oxidative stress biomarkers [superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GRed)] and the anti-inflammatory activity biomarker cyclooxygenase (COX), in the polychaete Hediste diversicolor (Annelida: Polychaeta). Exposure to paracetamol caused effects on behavioural traits, with increased burrowing time (96 h) and hypoactivity (28 days). In addition, exposure to paracetamol resulted also in significant increases of SOD activity, but only for intermediate levels of exposure, but for both acute and chronic exposures. Both forms of GPx had their activities significantly increased, especially after chronic exposure. Acutely exposed organisms had their GRed significantly decreased, while chronically exposed worms had their GRed activity augmented only for the lowest tested concentrations. Effects were also observed in terms of COX activity, showing that paracetamol absorption occurred and caused an inhibition of COX activity in both exposure regimes. It is possible to conclude that the exposure to concentrations of paracetamol close to the ones in the environment may be deleterious to marine ecosystems, endangering marine life by changing their overall redox balance, and the biochemical control of inflammatory intermediaries. Behaviour was also modified and the burrowing capacity was adversely affected. This set of effects clearly demonstrate that paracetamol exposure, under realistic conditions, it not exempt of adverse effects on marine invertebrates, such as polychaetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Filipa Nogueira
- Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar, CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
- Departamento de Biologia, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Bruno Nunes
- Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar, CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
- Departamento de Biologia, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
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14
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Characterization of prostanoid pathway and the control of its activity by the eyestalk optic ganglion in the female giant freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii. Heliyon 2021; 7:e05898. [PMID: 33553720 PMCID: PMC7851786 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e05898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The giant freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii, is an economically valuable species that are distributed throughout the Asia-Pacific region. With the natural population declining due to overfishing, aquaculture of this species is deemed necessary. Hence, it is essential to understand the mechanisms regulating reproduction in order to increase their production. Prostaglandins (PGs) play an important role in reproduction in most vertebrates and several invertebrates. It has been proposed that crustaceans have PGs but the prostanoids pathway in the giant freshwater prawn is still unclear. In this study, we identified 25 prostanoid-related genes involved in the biosynthesis of active prostanoids in M. rosenbergii using in silico searches of transcriptome data. Comparative analysis of encoded proteins for the MroPGES2 gene with other species was performed to confirm their evolutionary conservation. Gene expression analysis revealed the correlation of MroPGES2 gene expression level with the progress of ovarian development. Eyestalk ablation increased the expression level of MroPGES2 gene compared to intact groups during the ovary maturation stages. Collectively, this study confirmed the existence of prostanoids in the giant freshwater prawn, as well as characterizing key gene MroPGES2 associated with the prostanoid pathway. We propose that MroPGES2 may play an important role in M. rosenbergii ovarian maturation and its expression is under the inhibitory control from the eyestalk optic ganglion hormones. Identification of genes in prostanoid pathway and their expressions enables future functional studies to be performed, which may lead to applications in the aquaculture of this species.
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15
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Galus M, Fraz S, Gugilla A, Jönsson M, Wilson JY. Prostaglandins prevent acetaminophen induced embryo toxicity in zebrafish (Danio rerio). ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2020; 80:103463. [PMID: 32822849 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2020.103463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Previous research in our laboratory showed that acetaminophen (ACE) induced embryonic mortality and abnormalities in zebrafish. Here, we examined the dose response of ACE (0.05-50 μg L-1) in zebrafish embryos. Concentrations as low as 0.1 μg L-1 significantly increased abnormalities, and all test concentrations significantly increased mortality rates. In mammals, ACE inhibits cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes to decrease prostaglandin production. Here we report COX activity and expression of the cox-1, cox-2a, and cox-2b genes in zebrafish embryos. COX activity was significantly inhibited by specific mammalian cox-1 (SC-560) and cox-2 (DuP-697) inhibitors in unexposed and ACE-exposed embryos. COX activity declined with development time. Maternal transcripts of all cox genes were found at 1 -h post fertilization and embryonic expression began in gastrulation or early segmentation. Co-exposure of ACE and prostaglandin E2 abolished the ACE-induced effects. This strongly supports that ACE elicits embryo toxicity in zebrafish though the same molecular mechanism of action of their therapeutic effects in mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Galus
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada.
| | - Shamaila Fraz
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada.
| | - Akash Gugilla
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada.
| | - Maria Jönsson
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 18A, Uppsala, 752 36, Sweden.
| | - Joanna Y Wilson
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada.
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López-Doval JC, Serra-Compte A, Rodríguez-Mozaz S, Barceló D, Sabater S. Diet quality and NSAIDs promote changes in formation of prostaglandins by an aquatic invertebrate. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 257:126892. [PMID: 32480082 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We used the freshwater insect Hydropsyche sp. to investigate the impact of diets lacking arachidonic acid (ARA) and an environmentally relevant mixture of NSAIDs (Ibuprofen, Ketoprofen, Diclofenac and Naproxen at a nominal concentration of all compounds together 16.75 μg L-1) on their metabolism of ARA and prostaglandins (PGs). The organisms were exposed for 16 days to four different treatments: a reference (FF), a diet lacking ARA (O), to NSAIDs in water (FFN) and to the combination of the two factors (ON). Mortality, biomass and bioconcentration of pharmaceuticals were investigated. The ARA and PGs levels in the organisms were monitored by utilising a targeted metabolomics approach. NSAIDs or dietary constraints did not produce significant differences in biomass or mortality of Hydropsyche sp. among treatments. In organisms exposed to NSAIDs, all pharmaceuticals were detected, except for Ketoprofen. Metabolomic approach determined the presence of PGH2, PGE1 and PGD1. Levels of ARA diminished significantly in those organisms in treatment ON. The levels of PGs responded negatively to the absence of ARA in diet: PGH2 diminished significantly with respect to the reference in treatment O while PGE1 diminished significantly in treatment ON. Regarding the effects of NSAIDs on ARA metabolism, our results suggest that it was sensitive to NSAIDs, but effects were weak and did not imply a general decrease in the PGs. We confirmed that ARA was the main substrate for the synthesis of PGs in Hydropsyche sp, their absence or poor levels of ARA in diet, produced changes in the PG levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C López-Doval
- Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA), Scientific and Technological Park of the University of Girona, H2O Building, C/Emili Grahit, 101, E17003, Girona, Catalonia, Spain; Faculty of Sciences - University of Girona, Campus de Montilivi, 17003, Girona, Spain.
| | - A Serra-Compte
- Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA), Scientific and Technological Park of the University of Girona, H2O Building, C/Emili Grahit, 101, E17003, Girona, Catalonia, Spain; Faculty of Sciences - University of Girona, Campus de Montilivi, 17003, Girona, Spain
| | - S Rodríguez-Mozaz
- Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA), Scientific and Technological Park of the University of Girona, H2O Building, C/Emili Grahit, 101, E17003, Girona, Catalonia, Spain; Faculty of Sciences - University of Girona, Campus de Montilivi, 17003, Girona, Spain
| | - D Barceló
- Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA), Scientific and Technological Park of the University of Girona, H2O Building, C/Emili Grahit, 101, E17003, Girona, Catalonia, Spain; Water and Soil Quality Research Group, Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA- CSIC), C/Jordi Girona, 18-26, 08034, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - S Sabater
- Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA), Scientific and Technological Park of the University of Girona, H2O Building, C/Emili Grahit, 101, E17003, Girona, Catalonia, Spain; Institute of Aquatic Ecology, University of Girona, Campus de Montilivi, 17071, Girona, Catalonia, Spain
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Alkimin GD, Soares AMVM, Barata C, Nunes B. Evaluation of ketoprofen toxicity in two freshwater species: Effects on biochemical, physiological and population endpoints. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 265:114993. [PMID: 32806449 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Among the most used non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), ketoprofen (KTF) assumes an important position. Nevertheless, its ecotoxicological effects in non-target organisms are poorly characterized, despite its use and frequency of occurrence in aquatic matrices. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the possible toxicological effects of KTF contamination, in two freshwater species, Lemna minor and Daphnia magna, by measuring biochemical, physiological and population parameters. To attain this objective, both species were exposed to KTF at the same concentrations (0, 0.24, 1.2, 6 and 30 μg/L). L. minor plants were exposed during 4 d to these levels of KTF, and the enzymatic activity (catalase (CAT), glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) and carbonic anhydrase (CA)), and pigments content (chlorophylls a, b and total and carotenoids) were analyzed to evaluate the toxicity of this drug. D. magna was acutely and chronically exposed to KTF, and enzymatic activities (CAT, GSTs and cyclooxygenase (COX)), the feeding rates, and reproduction traits were assessed. In L.minor, KTF provoked alterations in all enzyme activities, however, it was not capable of causing any alteration in any pigment levels. On the other hand, KTF also provoked alterations in all enzymatic activities in D. magna, but did not affect feeding rates and life-history parameters. In conclusion, exposure to KTF, provoked biochemical alterations in both species. However, these alterations were not reflected into deleterious effects on physiological and populational traits of L. minor and D. magna.
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Affiliation(s)
- G D Alkimin
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), Campus de Santiago, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - A M V M Soares
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), Campus de Santiago, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - C Barata
- Department of Environmental Chemistry, IDAEA-CSIC, Jordi Girona 18, 08034, Barcelona, Spain
| | - B Nunes
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), Campus de Santiago, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
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18
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Stanley D, Goodman CL, Ringbauer JA, Song Q. Prostaglandins influence protein phosphorylation in established insect cell line. ARCHIVES OF INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 105:e21725. [PMID: 32681680 DOI: 10.1002/arch.21725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Prostaglandins (PGs) are oxygenated metabolites of arachidonic acid and two other C20 polyunsaturated fatty acids. Among other actions in invertebrates, PGs act in ovarian development, renal functions, immunity, hemocyte migration, and gene/protein expression. Reversible phosphorylation is a major mechanism of regulating protein functions in eukaryotic cells and for some mammalian proteins it is influenced by PGs. We posed the hypothesis that PGs influence protein phosphorylation within insect cells, which we tested with the established insect cell line, BCIRL-HzAM1. After 20, 30, or 40 min incubations in the presence of one of three PGs (at 15 μM), PGA2 , PGE1 , or PGF2α , separate sets of cells were processed for analysis by two-dimensional electrophoresis followed by tandem mass spectrometry. We recorded significant phosphorylation changes in 31 proteins, decreases in 15, and increases in 15, and one protein with increased or decreased phosphorylation, depending on PG treatment. Increasing PG exposure times led to changes in fewer proteins, 20 min incubations led to changes in 16 proteins, 30 min to changes in 13, and 40 min to changes in 2 proteins. The proteins were identified by bioinformatic analyses, including transcript description, calculated molecular weights and isoelectric points, MOlecular Weight SEarch score, total ion score, numbers of peptides, percent protein coverage, E-value, and highest peptide score. The data presented in this paper firmly support our hypothesis that PGs influence protein phosphorylation within insect cells and adds a novel PG-signaled function to insect biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Stanley
- Biological Control of Insects Research Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Cynthia L Goodman
- Biological Control of Insects Research Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Joseph A Ringbauer
- Biological Control of Insects Research Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Qisheng Song
- Division of Plant Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
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Dionísio R, Daniel D, Arenas F, Campos JC, Costa PC, Nunes B, Correia AT. Effects of pH on salicylic acid toxicity in terms of biomarkers determined in the marine gastropod Gibbula umbilicalis. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 158:104995. [PMID: 32501266 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2020.104995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Alterations of the physical-chemical properties of the oceans due to anthropogenic activities are, at present, one of the most concerning environmental issues studied by researchers. One of these issues is ocean acidification, mainly caused by overproduction and release of carbon dioxide (CO2) from anthropogenic sources. Another component of environmental degradation is related to the production and release of potential toxic compounds, namely active pharmaceutical ingredients, into the aquatic environment that, combined with oceanic acidification, can cause unpredictable and never before considered deleterious effects on non-target marine organisms. Regarding this issue, the hereby study used predictions of future ocean acidification to simulate realistic scenarios of environmental exposure to a common therapeutic drug, salicylic acid (SA), in the marine gastropod Gibbula umbilicalis under different pH values. This species was exposed to a range of pH values (8.2, 7.9 and 7.6), and to already reported environmentally realistic concentrations (5, 25 and 125 μg/L) of SA. To evaluate the effects of these environmental stressors, key physiological biomarkers (GSTs, CAT, TBARS, AChE and COX) and shell hardness (SH) were quantified. Results from the present study showed that CAT and GSTs activities were enhanced by SA under water acidification; increased lipid peroxidation was also observed in organisms exposed to SA in more acidic media. In addition, the hereby study demonstrated the neurotoxic effects of SA through the inhibition of AChE. Effects were also observed in terms of COX activity, showing that SA absorption may be affected by water acidification. In terms of SH, the obtained data suggest that SA may alter the physical integrity of shells of exposed organisms. It is possible to conclude that the combination of seawater acidification and exposure to toxic xenobiotics (namely to the drug SA) may be strenuous to marine communities, making aquatic biota more susceptible to xenobiotics, and consequently endangering marine life in an unpredictable extent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Dionísio
- Departamento de Biologia da Universidade de Aveiro (DBIO-UA), Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos S/N, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - David Daniel
- Departamento de Biologia da Universidade de Aveiro (DBIO-UA), Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos S/N, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Francisco Arenas
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos S/N, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - João C Campos
- Unidade de Ciências Biomoleculares Aplicadas (UCIBIO-REQUIMTE), MedTech - Laboratório de Tecnologia Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - Paulo C Costa
- Unidade de Ciências Biomoleculares Aplicadas (UCIBIO-REQUIMTE), MedTech - Laboratório de Tecnologia Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - Bruno Nunes
- Departamento de Biologia da Universidade de Aveiro (DBIO-UA), Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar (CESAM), Campus de Santiago, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Alberto Teodorico Correia
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos S/N, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal; Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde da Universidade Fernando Pessoa (FCS/UFP), Rua Carlos da Maia 296, 4200-150, Porto, Portugal
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20
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Hahn MA, Von Elert E. The impact of diel vertical migration on fatty acid patterns and allocation in Daphnia magna. PeerJ 2020; 8:e8809. [PMID: 32337097 PMCID: PMC7169964 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.8809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In freshwater zooplankton diel vertical migration (DVM) is a widespread predator-avoidance behavior that is induced by kairomones released from fish. Thereby zooplankton reduces predation by fish by staying in deep and dark colder strata during daytime and migrating into warmer layers during night, and thus experiences diel alterations in temperature. Constantly lower temperatures have been shown to increase the relative abundance of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in Daphnia sp. Furthermore, a low dietary supply of the ω3-PUFA eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) has been shown to limit the induction of DVM in Daphnia magna and the performance of D. magna under fluctuating temperatures, as experienced during DVM. In nature DVM of D. magna in response to fish is accompanied by the presence of fish-borne kairomone and diel fluctuations of depth dependent-parameters like temperature, food, and oxygen supply. Here we investigated the effect of factors, which are differing between Daphnia that perform DVM and those which do not. We selected to examine the effect of changing temperature and light conditions and of the presence/absence of fish kairomones on D. magna. For this purpose, we conducted a full factorial experimental design in which we grew D. magna under constantly warm temperatures in a diel light-dark regime or under alternating temperatures in darkness crossed with the presence or absence of fish kairomones. We analyzed the fatty acid composition of mature animals and of their offspring in each treatment. Simulation of the light and temperature regime of migrating animals in presence of the fish kairomone resulted in an increased relative allocation of the ω3-PUFA EPA, from adult animals to their offspring, manifesting as decreased EPA concentrations in mothers and increased EPA concentrations in their offspring in response to simulated DVM (mothers). Additionally, EPA concentrations in the offspring were affected by the interaction of simulated DVM and the fish cue. The presence of the fish kairomone alone increased the EPA concentration in the offspring, that was not experiencing simulated DVM. These findings lead to the conclusion that the temperature and light regime associated with DVM alone, as well as in combination with the DVM-inducing fish kairomones, alter the allocation of fatty acids to the offspring in a manner, which is beneficial for the offspring under the decreased average temperatures, which migrating animals are exposed to. A low dietary supply of ω3-PUFAs may constrain D. magna’s amplitude of DVM, but our results suggest that the next generation of animals may be capable of regaining the full DVM amplitude due to the effect of the fish kairomone and the experienced temperature fluctuations (and darkness) on tissue fatty acid composition. These findings suggest that fatty acid limitation in DVM performing Daphnia may be more severe for the maternal than for the offspring generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meike Anika Hahn
- Department of Biology, University of Cologne, Cologne, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany
| | - Eric Von Elert
- Department of Biology, University of Cologne, Cologne, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany
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21
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Swetha CH, Girish BP, Hemalatha M, Reddy PS. Induction of vitellogenesis, methyl farnesoate synthesis and ecdysteroidogenesis in two edible crabs by arachidonic acid and prostaglandins. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 223:jeb.212381. [PMID: 31953363 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.212381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The present study investigated the effect of arachidonic acid (AA) and selected prostaglandins on the regulation of vitellogenesis, ecdysteroidogenesis and methyl farnesoate (MF) synthesis in the freshwater crab Oziotelphusa senex senex and the giant mud crab, Scylla serrata Administration of AA and prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) significantly increased ovarian index, oocyte diameter and ovarian vitellogenin levels and ecdysteroid and MF levels in the hemolymph of crabs. Secretions of MF and ecdysteroids from in vitro cultured mandibular organs (MO) and Y-organs (YO) isolated from intermolt crabs injected with AA, PGF2α and PGE2 were greater when compared with controls. In contrast, injection of prostaglandin D2 (PGD2) had no effect on vitellogenesis, ecdysteroid and MF levels in circulation. In vitro secretion of MF from MO explants isolated from avitellogenic crabs incubated with AA, PGF2α and PGE2 increased in a time-dependent manner. Conversely, incubation of YOs isolated from avitellogenic crabs with AA, PGF2α and PGE2 had no effect on secretion of ecdsyteroids. These results implicate prostaglandins in the regulation of reproduction by inducing the synthesis of MF and consequent ecdysteroid synthesis in brachyuran crabs, and provide an alternative molecular intervention mechanism to the traditional eyestalk ablation methodology to induce vitellogenesis and ovarian maturation in crustaceans.
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Affiliation(s)
- C H Swetha
- Department of Biotechnology, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati 517 502, India
| | - B P Girish
- Department of Biotechnology, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati 517 502, India
| | - M Hemalatha
- Department of Zoology, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati 517 502, India
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22
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Near-future ocean acidification does not alter the lipid content and fatty acid composition of adult Antarctic krill. Sci Rep 2019; 9:12375. [PMID: 31451724 PMCID: PMC6710253 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-48665-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Euphausia superba (Antarctic krill) is a keystone species in the Southern Ocean, but little is known about how it will respond to climate change. Ocean acidification, caused by sequestration of carbon dioxide into ocean surface waters (pCO2), alters the lipid biochemistry of some organisms. This can have cascading effects up the food chain. In a year-long laboratory experiment adult krill were exposed to ambient seawater pCO2 levels (400 μatm), elevated pCO2 levels mimicking near-future ocean acidification (1000, 1500 and 2000 μatm) and an extreme pCO2 level (4000 μatm). Total lipid mass (mg g-1 DM) of krill was unaffected by near-future pCO2. Fatty acid composition (%) and fatty acid ratios associated with immune responses and cell membrane fluidity were also unaffected by near-future pCO2, apart from an increase in 18:3n-3/18:2n-6 ratios in krill in 1500 μatm pCO2 in winter and spring. Extreme pCO2 had no effect on krill lipid biochemistry during summer. During winter and spring, krill in extreme pCO2 had elevated levels of 18:2n-6 (up to 1.2% increase), 20:4n-6 (up to 0.8% increase), lower 18:3n-3/18:2n-6 and 20:5n-3/20:4n-6 ratios, and showed evidence of increased membrane fluidity (up to three-fold increase in phospholipid/sterol ratios). These results indicate that the lipid biochemistry of adult krill is robust to near-future ocean acidification.
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Di Costanzo F, Di Dato V, Ianora A, Romano G. Prostaglandins in Marine Organisms: A Review. Mar Drugs 2019; 17:E428. [PMID: 31340503 PMCID: PMC6669704 DOI: 10.3390/md17070428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostaglandins (PGs) are lipid mediators belonging to the eicosanoid family. PGs were first discovered in mammals where they are key players in a great variety of physiological and pathological processes, for instance muscle and blood vessel tone regulation, inflammation, signaling, hemostasis, reproduction, and sleep-wake regulation. These molecules have successively been discovered in lower organisms, including marine invertebrates in which they play similar roles to those in mammals, being involved in the control of oogenesis and spermatogenesis, ion transport, and defense. Prostaglandins have also been found in some marine macroalgae of the genera Gracilaria and Laminaria and very recently the PGs pathway has been identified for the first time in some species of marine microalgae. In this review we report on the occurrence of prostaglandins in the marine environment and discuss the anti-inflammatory role of these molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Di Costanzo
- Marine Biotechnology Department, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn Napoli, Villa Comunale, 80121 Napoli, Italy
| | - Valeria Di Dato
- Marine Biotechnology Department, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn Napoli, Villa Comunale, 80121 Napoli, Italy.
| | - Adrianna Ianora
- Marine Biotechnology Department, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn Napoli, Villa Comunale, 80121 Napoli, Italy
| | - Giovanna Romano
- Marine Biotechnology Department, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn Napoli, Villa Comunale, 80121 Napoli, Italy
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Di Dato V, Di Costanzo F, Barbarinaldi R, Perna A, Ianora A, Romano G. Unveiling the presence of biosynthetic pathways for bioactive compounds in the Thalassiosira rotula transcriptome. Sci Rep 2019; 9:9893. [PMID: 31289324 PMCID: PMC6616357 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-46276-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Diatoms are phytoplankton eukaryotic microalgae that are widely distributed in the world’s oceans and are responsible for 20–25% of total carbon fixation on the planet. Using transcriptome sequencing here we show for the first time that the ubiquitous diatom Thalassiosira rotula expresses biosynthetic pathways that potentially lead to the synthesis of interesting secondary metabolites with pharmaceutical applications such as polyketides, prostaglandins and secologanin. We also show that these pathways are differentially expressed in conditions of silica depletion in comparison with standard growth conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Di Dato
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn Napoli, Department of Marine Biotechnology, Villa Comunale, 80121, Napoli, Italy.
| | - Federica Di Costanzo
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn Napoli, Department of Marine Biotechnology, Villa Comunale, 80121, Napoli, Italy
| | - Roberta Barbarinaldi
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn Napoli, Department of Marine Biotechnology, Villa Comunale, 80121, Napoli, Italy
| | - Anna Perna
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn Napoli, Department of Marine Biotechnology, Villa Comunale, 80121, Napoli, Italy
| | - Adrianna Ianora
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn Napoli, Department of Marine Biotechnology, Villa Comunale, 80121, Napoli, Italy
| | - Giovanna Romano
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn Napoli, Department of Marine Biotechnology, Villa Comunale, 80121, Napoli, Italy
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25
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Head TB, Mykles DL, Tomanek L. Proteomic analysis of the crustacean molting gland (Y-organ) over the course of the molt cycle. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY D-GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2019; 29:193-210. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2018.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Revised: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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26
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Smith MK, Bose U, Mita M, Hall MR, Elizur A, Motti CA, Cummins SF. Differences in Small Molecule Neurotransmitter Profiles From the Crown-of-Thorns Seastar Radial Nerve Revealed Between Sexes and Following Food-Deprivation. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018; 9:551. [PMID: 30374327 PMCID: PMC6196772 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurotransmitters serve as chemical mediators of cell communication, and are known to have important roles in regulating numerous physiological and metabolic events in eumetazoans. The Crown-of-Thorns Seastar (COTS) is an asteroid echinoderm that has been the focus of numerous ecological studies due to its negative impact on coral reefs when in large numbers. Research devoted to its neural signaling, from basic anatomy to the key small neurotransmitters, would expand our current understanding of neural-driven biological processes, such as growth and reproduction, and offers a new approach to exploring the propensity for COTS population explosions and subsequent collapse. In this study we investigated the metabolomic profiles of small molecule neurotransmitters in the COTS radial nerve cord. Multivariate analysis shows differential abundance of small molecule neurotransmitters in male and female COTS, and in food-deprived individuals with significant differences between sexes in gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), histamine and serotonin, and significant differences in histamine and serotonin between satiation states. Annotation established that the majority of biosynthesis enzyme genes are present in the COTS genome. The spatial distribution of GABA, histamine and serotonin in the radial nerve cord was subsequently confirmed by immunolocalization; serotonin is most prominent within the ectoneural regions, including unique neural bulbs, while GABA and histamine localize primarily within neuropil fibers. Glutamic acid, which was also found in high relative abundance and is a precursor of GABA, is known as a spawning inhibitor in seastars, and as such was tested for inhibition of ovulation ex-vivo which resulted in complete inhibition of oocyte maturation and ovulation induced by 1-Methyladenine. These findings not only advance our knowledge of echinoderm neural signaling processes but also identify potential targets for developing novel approaches for COTS biocontrol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meaghan K. Smith
- Genecology Research Centre, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore, DC, Australia
| | - Utpal Bose
- Genecology Research Centre, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore, DC, Australia
| | - Masatoshi Mita
- Center for Advanced Biomedical Sciences, TWIns Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Michael R. Hall
- Australian Institute of Marine Science (AIMS), Cape Ferguson, Townsville, QLD, Australia
| | - Abigail Elizur
- Genecology Research Centre, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore, DC, Australia
| | - Cherie A. Motti
- Australian Institute of Marine Science (AIMS), Cape Ferguson, Townsville, QLD, Australia
| | - Scott F. Cummins
- Genecology Research Centre, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore, DC, Australia
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Fontes MK, Gusso-Choueri PK, Maranho LA, Abessa DMDS, Mazur WA, de Campos BG, Guimarães LL, de Toledo MS, Lebre D, Marques JR, Felicio AA, Cesar A, Almeida EA, Pereira CDS. A tiered approach to assess effects of diclofenac on the brown mussel Perna perna: A contribution to characterize the hazard. WATER RESEARCH 2018; 132:361-370. [PMID: 29353198 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2017.12.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Revised: 12/26/2017] [Accepted: 12/28/2017] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Pharmaceutical discharges into the aquatic ecosystem are of environmental concern and sewage treatment plants (STPs) have been pointed out as the major source of these compounds to coastal zones, where oceanic disposal of sewage occurs through submarine outfalls. Diclofenac (DCF) is one of the most frequently detected pharmaceuticals in water, but little is known about the effects on marine organisms. In this study, we employed a tiered approach involving the determination of environmental concentrations of DCF in marine water and the adverse biological effects for fertilization, embryo-larval development and biomarker responses of the mussel Perna perna. Results indicate that effects in fertilization rate and embryo-larval development were found in the order of mg·L-1. However, low concentrations of DCF (ng·L-1) significantly decreased the lysosomal membrane stability and COX activity, as well as triggered DNA damage, oxidative stress and changes in antioxidant defenses. Our results point to an environmental hazard at coastal ecosystems and suggest the need for improvements in the treatment of domestic wastewater aiming to reduce DCF concentrations, as well as regulation on current environmental legislation and monitoring of aquatic ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayana Karoline Fontes
- Departamento de Ciências do Mar, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Maria Máximo, 168, 11030-100 Santos, Brazil; Instituto de Biociências, Campus do Litoral Paulista, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", Infante Dom Henrique, s/n, 11330-900 São Vicente, Brazil
| | - Paloma Kachel Gusso-Choueri
- Instituto de Biociências, Campus do Litoral Paulista, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", Infante Dom Henrique, s/n, 11330-900 São Vicente, Brazil
| | - Luciane Alves Maranho
- Departamento de Ciências do Mar, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Maria Máximo, 168, 11030-100 Santos, Brazil; Laboratório de Ecotoxicologia, Universidade Santa Cecília, Rua Oswaldo Cruz 266, 11045-907 Santos, Brazil
| | - Denis Moledo de Souza Abessa
- Instituto de Biociências, Campus do Litoral Paulista, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", Infante Dom Henrique, s/n, 11330-900 São Vicente, Brazil
| | - Wesley Almeida Mazur
- Laboratório de Ecotoxicologia, Universidade Santa Cecília, Rua Oswaldo Cruz 266, 11045-907 Santos, Brazil; Departamento de Bioquímica da Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Botucatu, 862, 04023-901 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bruno Galvão de Campos
- Instituto de Biociências, Campus do Litoral Paulista, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", Infante Dom Henrique, s/n, 11330-900 São Vicente, Brazil
| | - Luciana Lopes Guimarães
- Laboratório de Ecotoxicologia, Universidade Santa Cecília, Rua Oswaldo Cruz 266, 11045-907 Santos, Brazil; Departamento de Bioquímica da Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Botucatu, 862, 04023-901 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcos Sergio de Toledo
- Departamento de Bioquímica da Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Botucatu, 862, 04023-901 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Daniel Lebre
- CEMSA - Centro de Espectrometria de Massas Aplicada, CIETEC/IPEN, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 2242, Salas 112 e 113, 05508-000 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Joyce Rodrigues Marques
- CEMSA - Centro de Espectrometria de Massas Aplicada, CIETEC/IPEN, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 2242, Salas 112 e 113, 05508-000 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Andreia Arantes Felicio
- Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho - Campus São José do Rio Preto, Rua Cristóvão Colombo 2265, 15054-000 São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Augusto Cesar
- Departamento de Ciências do Mar, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Maria Máximo, 168, 11030-100 Santos, Brazil; Laboratório de Ecotoxicologia, Universidade Santa Cecília, Rua Oswaldo Cruz 266, 11045-907 Santos, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Alves Almeida
- Fundação Universidade Regional de Blumenau, Rua Antônio da Veiga 498, Itoupava Seca, 89030-103 Blumenau, Brazil
| | - Camilo Dias Seabra Pereira
- Departamento de Ciências do Mar, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Maria Máximo, 168, 11030-100 Santos, Brazil; Laboratório de Ecotoxicologia, Universidade Santa Cecília, Rua Oswaldo Cruz 266, 11045-907 Santos, Brazil.
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28
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Courant F, Arpin-Pont L, Bonnefille B, Vacher S, Picot-Groz M, Gomez E, Fenet H. Exposure of marine mussels to diclofenac: modulation of prostaglandin biosynthesis. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:6087-6094. [PMID: 28528506 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-9228-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Human pharmaceuticals, such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), are an emerging threat to marine organisms. NSAIDs act through inhibition of cyclooxygenase (COX) conversion of arachidonic acid into prostaglandins. One experiment was carried out whereby marine mussels were exposed for 72 h to 1 and 100 μg/L diclofenac (DCF). A specific and sensitive method using liquid chromatography high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry was developed to quantify DCF in mussel tissues. The developed method could also clearly identify and quantify COX products, i.e., prostaglandin levels, and be used to assess their modulation following DCF exposure. Prostaglandin-D2 (PGD2) was always found below the detection limit (20 μg/kg dry weight (dw)). Basal prostaglandin-E2 (PGE2) concentrations ranged from below the detection limit to 202 μg/kg dw. Exposure of 100 μg/L resulted in a significant reduction in PGE2 levels, whereas a downward trend was observed at 1 μg/L exposure. No difference was observed for prostaglandin-F2α (PGF2α) levels between controls and exposed organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lauren Arpin-Pont
- UMR 5569 Hydrosciences, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Sébastien Vacher
- UMR 5569 Hydrosciences, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Marina Picot-Groz
- UMR 5569 Hydrosciences, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Elena Gomez
- UMR 5569 Hydrosciences, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Hélène Fenet
- UMR 5569 Hydrosciences, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
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29
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Politakis N, Belavgeni A, Efthimiou I, Charalampous N, Kourkouta C, Dailianis S. The impact of expired commercial drugs on non-target marine species: A case study with the use of a battery of biomarkers in hemocytes of mussels. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2018; 148:160-168. [PMID: 29045922 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2017] [Revised: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 10/06/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The present study investigated the effects of two expired commercial medicines, like Buscopan Plus and Mesulid, commonly classified as household medical wastes, on hemocytes of mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis. Mussel hemocytes' lysosomal membrane stability (in terms of neutral red retention assay), superoxide anions (O2·-) and nitric oxides (NO, in terms of nitrites) production, lipid peroxidation (in terms of malondialdehyde/MDA content) and the formation of nuclear abnormalities (using the micronucleus/MN assay) were assessed in hemocytes of mussels treated for 7 days with appropriate amounts of each drug (the concentrations of active substances were considered in each case, due to the absence of data related with the excipients) as well as in hemocytes of post-treated/recovered mussels (7 days post-treatment/recovery period). According to the results, treated mussels showed significantly decreased NRRT values, enhanced O2·-, NO and MDA levels, as well as high frequencies of nuclear abnormalities in both cases. Thοse effects showed a drastic reduction in almost all cases, after the post-treatment/recovery period. Moreover, the "stress on stress" method, commonly performed for estimating mussels' ability to survive in air, showed significantly reduced LT50 values in challenged mussels, compared to values observed in control mussels. The current findings revealed for the first time that both expired commercial drugs could affect mussels, probably via the formation of active substances bioactivated metabolites, as well as excipients, such as TiO2 and SiO2, at least in case of Buscopan plus. Although further research is needed, the current findings indicate the environmental impact of expired commercial drugs, thus revealing the need for the proper disposal of household medical wastes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nektarios Politakis
- Section of Animal Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Patras, Rio, GR-26500 Patra, Greece
| | - Alexia Belavgeni
- Section of Animal Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Patras, Rio, GR-26500 Patra, Greece
| | - Ioanna Efthimiou
- Department of Environmental and Natural Resources Management, University of Patras, GR-30100 Agrinio, Greece
| | - Nikolina Charalampous
- Section of Animal Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Patras, Rio, GR-26500 Patra, Greece
| | - Chara Kourkouta
- Section of Animal Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Patras, Rio, GR-26500 Patra, Greece
| | - Stefanos Dailianis
- Section of Animal Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Patras, Rio, GR-26500 Patra, Greece.
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30
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Li YF, Zhang H, Ringbauer JA, Goodman CL, Lincoln TR, Zhou K, Stanley D. Prostaglandin actions in established insect cell lines. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2017; 53:421-429. [PMID: 28455813 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-017-0147-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yao-Fa Li
- Biological Control of Insects Research Laboratory, USDA, Agricultural Research Service, 1503 S. Providence Road, Columbia, MO, 65203, USA
- Plant Protection Institute, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences/IPM Center of Hebei Province/Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northern Region of North China, Ministry of Agriculture, Baoding, 07100, China
| | - Hongwei Zhang
- Biological Control of Insects Research Laboratory, USDA, Agricultural Research Service, 1503 S. Providence Road, Columbia, MO, 65203, USA
- Division of Plant Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Joseph A Ringbauer
- Biological Control of Insects Research Laboratory, USDA, Agricultural Research Service, 1503 S. Providence Road, Columbia, MO, 65203, USA
| | - Cynthia L Goodman
- Biological Control of Insects Research Laboratory, USDA, Agricultural Research Service, 1503 S. Providence Road, Columbia, MO, 65203, USA.
| | - Tamra Reall Lincoln
- Biological Control of Insects Research Laboratory, USDA, Agricultural Research Service, 1503 S. Providence Road, Columbia, MO, 65203, USA
| | - Kaile Zhou
- Biological Control of Insects Research Laboratory, USDA, Agricultural Research Service, 1503 S. Providence Road, Columbia, MO, 65203, USA
- Division of Plant Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - David Stanley
- Biological Control of Insects Research Laboratory, USDA, Agricultural Research Service, 1503 S. Providence Road, Columbia, MO, 65203, USA
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31
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Seo MJ, Oh DK. Prostaglandin synthases: Molecular characterization and involvement in prostaglandin biosynthesis. Prog Lipid Res 2017; 66:50-68. [DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2017.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2016] [Revised: 03/30/2017] [Accepted: 04/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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32
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Animal-like prostaglandins in marine microalgae. ISME JOURNAL 2017; 11:1722-1726. [PMID: 28350392 PMCID: PMC5520147 DOI: 10.1038/ismej.2017.27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Revised: 01/18/2017] [Accepted: 01/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Diatoms are among the most successful primary producers in ocean and freshwater environments. Deriving from a secondary endosymbiotic event, diatoms have a mixed genome containing bacterial, animal and plant genes encoding for metabolic pathways that may account for their evolutionary success. Studying the transcriptomes of two strains of the diatom Skeletonema marinoi, we report, for the first time in microalgae, an active animal-like prostaglandin pathway that is differentially expressed in the two strains. Prostaglandins are hormone-like mediators in many physiological and pathological processes in mammals, playing a pivotal role in inflammatory responses. They are also present in macroalgae and invertebrates, where they act as defense and communication mediators. The occurrence of animal-like prostaglandins in unicellular photosynthetic eukaryotes opens up new intriguing perspectives on the evolution and role of these molecules in the marine environment as possible mediators in cell-to-cell signaling, eventually influencing population dynamics in the plankton.
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33
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Schlotz N, Roulin A, Ebert D, Martin-Creuzburg D. Combined effects of dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids and parasite exposure on eicosanoid-related gene expression in an invertebrate model. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2016; 201:115-123. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2016.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2016] [Revised: 07/08/2016] [Accepted: 07/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Mezzelani M, Gorbi S, Fattorini D, d'Errico G, Benedetti M, Milan M, Bargelloni L, Regoli F. Transcriptional and cellular effects of Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) in experimentally exposed mussels, Mytilus galloprovincialis. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2016; 180:306-319. [PMID: 27776296 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2016.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2016] [Revised: 09/24/2016] [Accepted: 10/02/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present investigation was to provide new insights on accumulation and possible adverse effects of various non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in mussels, Mytilus galloprovincialis, exposed to an environmentally realistic concentration (0.5μg/L) of individual compounds, Acetaminophen (AMP), Diclofenac (DIC), Ibuprofen (IBU), Ketoprofen (KET) or Nimesulide (NIM). The measurement of drugs in mussel tissues was integrated with both functional alterations at cellular level and transcriptomic responses. Results indicated the capability of mussels to accumulate DIC and NIM, while AMP, IBU and KET were always below detection limit. A large panel of ecotoxicological biomarkers revealed the early onset of alterations induced by tested NSAIDs on immunological responses, lipid metabolism and DNA integrity. The gene transcription analysis through DNA microarrays, supported cellular biomarker results, with clear modulation of a large number of genes involved in the arachidonic acid and lipid metabolism, immune responses, cell cycle and DNA repair. The overall results indicated an ecotoxicological concern for pharmaceuticals in M. galloprovincialis, with transcriptional responses appearing as sensitive exposure biomarkers at low levels of exposure: such changes, however, are not always paralleled by corresponding functional effects, suggesting caution when interpreting observed effects in terms of perturbed cellular pathways. Fascinating similarities can also be proposed in the mode of action of NSAIDs between bivalves and vertebrate species.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Mezzelani
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente (DiSVA), Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - S Gorbi
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente (DiSVA), Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - D Fattorini
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente (DiSVA), Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - G d'Errico
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente (DiSVA), Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - M Benedetti
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente (DiSVA), Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - M Milan
- Dipartimento di Biomedicina Comparata e Alimentazione (BCA), Università di Padova, Italy
| | - L Bargelloni
- Dipartimento di Biomedicina Comparata e Alimentazione (BCA), Università di Padova, Italy
| | - F Regoli
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente (DiSVA), Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy; CoNISMa, Consorzio Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare, Roma, Italy.
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35
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Beaudry A, Fortier M, Masson S, Auffret M, Brousseau P, Fournier M. Effect of Temperature on Immunocompetence of the Blue Mussel ( Mytilus Edulis). J Xenobiot 2016; 6:5889. [PMID: 30701049 PMCID: PMC6324475 DOI: 10.4081/xeno.2016.5889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2016] [Revised: 05/10/2016] [Accepted: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The blue mussel is a filter-feeding bivalve commonly used in ecotoxicological monitoring as a sentinel species. Due to climate change and the increase of temperature expected in marine environment, it is important to anticipate potential impacts on this species. The aim of this study was to investigate the immunocompetence of blue mussels acclimated to different temperatures and on the effects of increasing temperatures (5, 10 and 20°C). Different indices and gonad maturation stages were also determined throughout the experiments. Cell viability, phagocytosis, serum lysozyme activity and cyclooxygenase (COX) activity were evaluated as immune parameters. The cellular immunity was also evaluated after hemocytes exposure to various cadmium concentrations in vitro. The results obtained demonstrate modulation of hemocyte viability and the ability of these cells to phagocytize in absence of contaminants. After the exposure to cadmium, hemocytes showed greater viability at 5°C while maintaining a higher phagocytic competence. In addition, the lysozyme activity stayed stable at all tested temperatures, contrary to that of COX, which increased when the mussels were maintained at 20°C. The evaluation of indices demonstrated no reduction of general conditions during all the experiment despite the increase of temperature and the reduction of the digestive gland weight. Moreover, the lack of food does not affect gonad maturation and the spawning process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Beaudry
- INRS-Institut-Armand-Frappier Research Center, Laval, QC, Canada.,Aquarium du Québec, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Marlène Fortier
- INRS-Institut-Armand-Frappier Research Center, Laval, QC, Canada
| | | | | | - Pauline Brousseau
- INRS-Institut-Armand-Frappier Research Center, Laval, QC, Canada.,ISMER-Université du Québec à Rimouski, QC, Canada
| | - Michel Fournier
- INRS-Institut-Armand-Frappier Research Center, Laval, QC, Canada.,ISMER-Université du Québec à Rimouski, QC, Canada
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Toufexi E, Dailianis S, Vlastos D, Manariotis ID. Mediated effect of ultrasound treated Diclofenac on mussel hemocytes: First evidence for the involvement of respiratory burst enzymes in the induction of DCF-mediated unspecific mode of action. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2016; 175:144-153. [PMID: 27046060 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2016.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2015] [Revised: 03/16/2016] [Accepted: 03/20/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The present study investigates the toxic behavior of diclofenac (DCF) before and after its ultrasound (US) treatment, as well as the involvement of intracellular target molecules, such as NADPH oxidase and NO synthase, in the DCF-induced adverse effects on hemocytes of mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis. In this context, appropriate volumes (350 and 500mL) of DCF solutions (at concentrations of 2, 2.5, 5 and 10mgL(-1)) were treated under different ultrasound operating conditions (frequency at 582 and 862kHz, electric power density at 133 and 167W) for assessing US method efficiency. In parallel, DCF and US DCF-mediated cytotoxic (in terms of cell viability measured with the use of neutral red uptake/NRU method), oxidative (in terms of superoxide anions/(.)O2(-), nitric oxides such as NO2(-) and lipid peroxidation products, such as malondialdehyde/MDA content) and genotoxic (DNA damage measured by the use of Comet assay method) effects were investigated in hemocytes exposed for 1h to 5, 10 and 100ngL(-1) and 1, 10 and 20μgL(-1) of DCF. The involvement of NADPH oxidase and NO synthase to the DCF-induced toxicity was further investigated by the use of 10μΜ L-NAME, a NO synthase inhibitor and 10μΜ DPI, a NADPH oxidase inhibitor. According to the results, 350mL of 2mgL(-1) DCF showed higher degradation (>50%) under 167W electric power density and frequency at 862kHz for 120min, compared to degradation in all other cases, followed by a significant elimination of its toxicity. Specifically, US DCF-treated hemocytes showed a significant attenuation of DCF-mediated cytotoxic, oxidative and genotoxic effects, which appeared to be caused by NADPH oxidase and NO synthase activation, since their inhibition was followed by a significant elimination of (.)O2(-) and NO2(-) generation and the concomitant oxidative damage within cells. The results of the present study showed for the first time that unspecific mode of action of DCF, associated with the induction of NADPH oxidase and NO synthase in mussel hemocytes, could be significantly diminished after partial US degradation of DCF, at least under optimized operating conditions currently tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eirini Toufexi
- Section of Animal Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Patras, 26500, Greece
| | - Stefanos Dailianis
- Section of Animal Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Patras, 26500, Greece.
| | - Dimitris Vlastos
- Department of Environmental and Natural Resources Management, University of Patras, 2 Seferi Str., GR 30100 Agrinio, Greece
| | - Ioannis D Manariotis
- Environmental Engineering Laboratory, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Patras, 26504, Greece
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Buckley SJ, Fitzgibbon QP, Smith GG, Ventura T. In silico prediction of the G-protein coupled receptors expressed during the metamorphic molt of Sagmariasus verreauxi (Crustacea: Decapoda) by mining transcriptomic data: RNA-seq to repertoire. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2016; 228:111-127. [PMID: 26850661 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2016.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2015] [Revised: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Against a backdrop of food insecurity, the farming of decapod crustaceans is a rapidly expanding and globally significant source of food protein. Sagmariasus verreauxi spiny lobster, the subject of this study, are decapods of underdeveloped aquaculture potential. Crustacean neuropeptide G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) mediate endocrine pathways that are integral to animal fecundity, growth and survival. The potential use of novel biotechnologies to enhance GPCR-mediated physiology may assist in improving the health and productivity of farmed decapod populations. This study catalogues the GPCRs expressed in the early developmental stages, as well as adult tissues, with a view to illuminating key neuropeptide receptors. De novo assembled contiguous sequences generated from transcriptomic reads of metamorphic and post metamorphic S. verreauxi were filtered for seven transmembrane domains, and used as a reference for iterative re-mapping. Subsequent putative GPCR open reading frames (ORFs) were BLAST annotated, categorised, and compared to published orthologues based on phylogenetic analysis. A total of 85 GPCRs were digitally predicted, that represented each of the four arthropod subfamilies. They generally displayed low-level and non-differential metamorphic expression with few exceptions that we examined using RT-PCR and qPCR. Two putative CHH-like neuropeptide receptors were annotated. Three dimensional structural modelling suggests that these receptors exhibit a conserved extracellular ligand binding pocket, providing support to the notion that these receptors co-evolved with their ligands across Decapoda. This perhaps narrows the search for means to increase productivity of farmed decapod populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean J Buckley
- GeneCology Research Centre, Faculty of Science, Health, Education and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, 4 Locked Bag, Maroochydore, Queensland 4558, Australia
| | - Quinn P Fitzgibbon
- Fisheries and Aquaculture, Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Gregory G Smith
- Fisheries and Aquaculture, Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Tomer Ventura
- GeneCology Research Centre, Faculty of Science, Health, Education and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, 4 Locked Bag, Maroochydore, Queensland 4558, Australia.
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Kovacevic V, Simpson AJ, Simpson MJ. (1)H NMR-based metabolomics of Daphnia magna responses after sub-lethal exposure to triclosan, carbamazepine and ibuprofen. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY D-GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2016; 19:199-210. [PMID: 26809854 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2016.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2015] [Revised: 12/30/2015] [Accepted: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Pharmaceuticals and personal care products are a class of emerging contaminants that are present in wastewater effluents, surface water, and groundwater around the world. There is a need to determine rapid and reliable bioindicators of exposure and the toxic mode of action of these contaminants to aquatic organisms. (1)H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based metabolomics in combination with multivariate statistical analysis was used to determine the metabolic profile of Daphnia magna after exposure to a range of sub-lethal concentrations of triclosan (6.25-100μg/L), carbamazepine (1.75-14mg/L) and ibuprofen (1.75-14mg/L) for 48h. Sub-lethal triclosan exposure suggested a general oxidative stress condition and the branched-chain amino acids, glutamine, glutamate, and methionine emerged as potential bioindicators. The aromatic amino acids, serine, glycine and alanine are potential bioindicators for sub-lethal carbamazepine exposure that may have altered energy metabolism. The potential bioindicators for sub-lethal ibuprofen exposure are serine, methionine, lysine, arginine and leucine, which showed a concentration-dependent response. The differences in the metabolic changes were related to the dissimilar modes of toxicity of triclosan, carbamazepine and ibuprofen. (1)H NMR-based metabolomics gave an improved understanding of how these emerging contaminants impact the keystone species D. magna.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera Kovacevic
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80St. George Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 3H6, Canada; Environmental NMR Centre and Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, 1265 Military Trail, Toronto, ON, M1C 1A4, Canada
| | - André J Simpson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80St. George Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 3H6, Canada; Environmental NMR Centre and Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, 1265 Military Trail, Toronto, ON, M1C 1A4, Canada
| | - Myrna J Simpson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80St. George Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 3H6, Canada; Environmental NMR Centre and Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, 1265 Military Trail, Toronto, ON, M1C 1A4, Canada.
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Bae YA, Kim JG, Kong Y. Phylogenetic characterization of Clonorchis sinensis proteins homologous to the sigma-class glutathione transferase and their differential expression profiles. Mol Biochem Parasitol 2016; 206:46-55. [PMID: 26792248 DOI: 10.1016/j.molbiopara.2016.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2015] [Revised: 01/05/2016] [Accepted: 01/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Glutathione transferase (GST) is one of the major antioxidant proteins with diverse supplemental activities including peroxidase, isomerase, and thiol transferase. GSTs are classified into multiple classes on the basis of their primary structures and substrate/inhibitor specificity. However, the evolutionary routes and physiological environments specific to each of the closely related bioactive enzymes remain elusive. The sigma-like GSTs exhibit amino acid conservation patterns similar to the prostaglandin D synthases (PGDSs). In this study, we analyzed the phylogenetic position of the GSTs of the biocarcinogenic liver fluke, Clonorchis sinensis. We also observed induction profile of the GSTs in association with the parasite's maturation and in response to exogenous oxidative stresses, with special attention to sigma-class GSTs and PGDSs. The C. sinensis genome encoded 12 GST protein species, which were separately assigned to cytosolic (two omega-, one zeta-, two mu-, and five sigma-class), mitochondrial (one kappa-class), and microsomal (one membrane-associated proteins in eicosanoid and glutathione metabolism-like protein) GST families. Multiple sigma GST (or PGDS) orthologs were also detected in Opisthorchis viverrini. Other trematode species possessed only a single sigma-like GST gene. A phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that one of the sigma GST lineages duplicated in the common ancestor of trematodes were specifically expanded in the opisthorchiids, but deleted in other trematodes. The induction profiles of these sigma GST genes along with the development and aging of C. sinensis, and against various exogenous chemical stimuli strongly suggest that the paralogous sigma GST genes might be undergone specialized evolution to cope with the diverse hostile biochemical environments within the mammalian hepatobiliary ductal system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-An Bae
- Department of Microbiology, Gachon University Graduate School of Medicine, 191 Hambakmoe-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21936, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Geun Kim
- Department of Molecular Parasitology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Kong
- Department of Molecular Parasitology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea.
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40
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Wang L, Peng Y, Nie X, Pan B, Ku P, Bao S. Gene response of CYP360A, CYP314, and GST and whole-organism changes in Daphnia magna exposed to ibuprofen. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2016; 179:49-56. [PMID: 26342857 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2015.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2015] [Revised: 07/24/2015] [Accepted: 08/25/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The fate and ecological impact of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in aquatic environments has gained increasingly concern recently. However, limited information is provided about the toxicity mechanism of NSAIDs to aquatic invertebrates. In the present study, we investigated the expression of CYP360A, CYP314, and GST genes involved in the detoxification process and the responses of their associated enzymes activity, as well as whole-organism changes in Daphnia magna exposed to environmentally relevant concentrations of ibuprofen (IBU). Results showed that the total amount of eggs produced per female, total number of brood per female, and body length were significantly decreased under IBU exposure, suggesting the effects of chronic IBU exposure on growth and reproduction of D. magna cannot be ignored. In gene expression level, the CYP360A gene, homologue to CYP3A in mammalian, showed inhibition at low concentration of IBU (0.5μg·L(-1)) and induction at high concentration of IBU (50μg·L(-1)). GST gene also exhibited a similar performance to CYP3A. CYP314 displayed inhibition for short time exposure (6h) and induced with prolonged exposure time (48h) at low concentration of IBU (0.5μg·L(-1)). Erythromycin N-demethylase (ERND) and aminopyrine N-demethylase (APND) related to cytochrome oxidase P450 (CYPs) were inhibited for short time exposure (6h) to IBU and then activated with prolonged exposure time (48h) at low concentration of IBU (0.5μg·L(-1)), while EROD showed a dose-dependent pattern under IBU exposure. As for antioxidative system, induction of glutathione S-transferase (GST), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) was observed in short-term exposure to IBU. Meanwhile, methane dicarboxylic aldehyde (MDA) content increased with the increasing IBU concentration and the delayed exposure time, displaying obvious dose- and time-dependent pattern. In summary, IBU significantly altered some physiological and biochemical parameters and genes expressions associated with detoxification metabolism in D. magna, the integrated approach combining the response in molecule levels with the performance of the whole organism can help elucidate the toxic effects of IBU and provide more insight into the exact mechanism of toxicity in aquatic organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Wang
- Department of Ecology/Institute of Hydrobiology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632,China
| | - Ying Peng
- Department of Ecology/Institute of Hydrobiology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632,China
| | - Xiangping Nie
- Department of Ecology/Institute of Hydrobiology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632,China; Key Laboratory of Eutrophication and Red Tide Prevention of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Benben Pan
- Department of Ecology/Institute of Hydrobiology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632,China
| | - Peijia Ku
- Department of Ecology/Institute of Hydrobiology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632,China
| | - Shuang Bao
- Department of Ecology/Institute of Hydrobiology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632,China
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Eichner C, Øvergård AC, Nilsen F, Dalvin S. Molecular characterization and knock-down of salmon louse (Lepeophtheirus salmonis) prostaglandin E synthase. Exp Parasitol 2015; 159:79-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2015.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2015] [Revised: 06/23/2015] [Accepted: 09/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Tyagi R, Joachim A, Ruttkowski B, Rosa BA, Martin JC, Hallsworth-Pepin K, Zhang X, Ozersky P, Wilson RK, Ranganathan S, Sternberg PW, Gasser RB, Mitreva M. Cracking the nodule worm code advances knowledge of parasite biology and biotechnology to tackle major diseases of livestock. Biotechnol Adv 2015; 33:980-91. [PMID: 26026709 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2015.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2015] [Accepted: 05/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Many infectious diseases caused by eukaryotic pathogens have a devastating, long-term impact on animal health and welfare. Hundreds of millions of animals are affected by parasitic nematodes of the order Strongylida. Unlocking the molecular biology of representatives of this order, and understanding nematode-host interactions, drug resistance and disease using advanced technologies could lead to entirely new ways of controlling the diseases that they cause. Oesophagostomum dentatum (nodule worm; superfamily Strongyloidea) is an economically important strongylid nematode parasite of swine worldwide. The present article reports recent advances made in biology and animal biotechnology through the draft genome and developmental transcriptome of O. dentatum, in order to support biological research of this and related parasitic nematodes as well as the search for new and improved interventions. This first genome of any member of the Strongyloidea is 443 Mb in size and predicted to encode 25,291 protein-coding genes. Here, we review the dynamics of transcription throughout the life cycle of O. dentatum, describe double-stranded RNA interference (RNAi) machinery and infer molecules involved in development and reproduction, and in inducing or modulating immune responses or disease. The secretome predicted for O. dentatum is particularly rich in peptidases linked to interactions with host tissues and/or feeding activity, and a diverse array of molecules likely involved in immune responses. This research progress provides an important resource for future comparative genomic and molecular biological investigations as well as for biotechnological research toward new anthelmintics, vaccines and diagnostic tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Tyagi
- The Genome Institute, Washington University in St. Louis, MO 63108, USA
| | - Anja Joachim
- Institute of Parasitology, Department of Pathobiology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Veterinärplatz 1, A-1210 Vienna, Austria
| | - Bärbel Ruttkowski
- Institute of Parasitology, Department of Pathobiology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Veterinärplatz 1, A-1210 Vienna, Austria
| | - Bruce A Rosa
- The Genome Institute, Washington University in St. Louis, MO 63108, USA
| | - John C Martin
- The Genome Institute, Washington University in St. Louis, MO 63108, USA
| | | | - Xu Zhang
- The Genome Institute, Washington University in St. Louis, MO 63108, USA
| | - Philip Ozersky
- The Genome Institute, Washington University in St. Louis, MO 63108, USA
| | - Richard K Wilson
- The Genome Institute, Washington University in St. Louis, MO 63108, USA
| | - Shoba Ranganathan
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Paul W Sternberg
- HHMI, Division of Biology, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Robin B Gasser
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia.
| | - Makedonka Mitreva
- The Genome Institute, Washington University in St. Louis, MO 63108, USA; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
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Kornthong N, Cummins SF, Chotwiwatthanakun C, Khornchatri K, Engsusophon A, Hanna PJ, Sobhon P. Identification of genes associated with reproduction in the Mud Crab (Scylla olivacea) and their differential expression following serotonin stimulation. PLoS One 2014; 9:e115867. [PMID: 25542017 PMCID: PMC4277393 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0115867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2014] [Accepted: 11/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The central nervous system (CNS) is often intimately involved in reproduction control and is therefore a target organ for transcriptomic investigations to identify reproduction-associated genes. In this study, 454 transcriptome sequencing was performed on pooled brain and ventral nerve cord of the female mud crab (Scylla olivacea) following serotonin injection (5 µg/g BW). A total of 197,468 sequence reads was obtained with an average length of 828 bp. Approximately 38.7% of 2,183 isotigs matched with significant similarity (E value < 1e−4) to sequences within the Genbank non-redundant (nr) database, with most significant matches being to crustacean and insect sequences. Approximately 32 putative neuropeptide genes were identified from nonmatching blast sequences. In addition, we identified full-length transcripts for crustacean reproductive-related genes, namely farnesoic acid o-methyltransferase (FAMeT), estrogen sulfotransferase (ESULT) and prostaglandin F synthase (PGFS). Following serotonin injection, which would normally initiate reproductive processes, we found up-regulation of FAMeT, ESULT and PGFS expression in the female CNS and ovary. Our data here provides an invaluable new resource for understanding the molecular role of the CNS on reproduction in S. olivacea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Napamanee Kornthong
- Chulabhorn International College of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathumthani, 12121, Thailand
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Ratchathewi, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Scott F. Cummins
- Faculty of Science, Health, Education and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore, Queensland, 4558, Australia
- * E-mail: (SFC); (PS)
| | - Charoonroj Chotwiwatthanakun
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Ratchathewi, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
- Mahidol University, Nakhonsawan Campus, Nakhonsawan, 60130, Thailand
| | - Kanjana Khornchatri
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Ratchathewi, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Attakorn Engsusophon
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Ratchathewi, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Peter J. Hanna
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Ratchathewi, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
- Pro Vice-Chancellor's Office, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Built Environment, Deakin University, Locked Bag 20000, Geelong, Victoria, 3220, Australia
| | - Prasert Sobhon
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Ratchathewi, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
- * E-mail: (SFC); (PS)
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Park J, Stanley D, Kim Y. Roles of peroxinectin in PGE2-mediated cellular immunity in Spodoptera exigua. PLoS One 2014; 9:e105717. [PMID: 25191834 PMCID: PMC4156296 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0105717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2014] [Accepted: 07/25/2014] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prostaglandins (PGs) mediate insect immune responses to infections and invasions. Although the presence of PGs has been confirmed in several insect species, their biosynthesis in insects remains a conundrum because orthologs of the mammalian cyclooxygenases (COXs) have not been found in the known insect genomes. PG-mediated immune reactions have been documented in the beet armyworm, Spodoptera exigua. The purpose of this research is to identify the source of PGs in S. exigua. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Peroxidases (POXs) are a sister group of COX genes. Ten putative POXs (SePOX-A ∼ SePOX-J) were expressed in S. exigua. Expressions of SePOX-F and -H were induced by bacterial challenge and expressed in the hemocytes and the fat body. RNAi of each POX was performed by hemocoelic injection of their specific double-stranded RNAs. dsPOX-F or, separately, dsPOX-H, but not the other eight dsRNA constructs, specifically suppressed hemocyte-spreading behavior and nodule formation; these two reactions were also inhibited by aspirin, a COX inhibitor. PGE2, but not arachidonic acid, treatment rescued the immunosuppression. Sequence analysis indicated that both POX genes were clustered with peroxinectin (Pxt) and their cognate proteins shared some conserved domains corresponding to the Pxt of Drosophila melanogaster. CONCLUSIONS SePOX-F and -H are Pxt-like genes associated with PG biosynthesis in S. exigua.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyeong Park
- Department of Bioresource Sciences, Andong National University, Andong, South Korea
| | - David Stanley
- Biological Control of Insects Research Laboratory, USDA/Agricultural Research Service, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Yonggyun Kim
- Department of Bioresource Sciences, Andong National University, Andong, South Korea
- * E-mail:
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45
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Hansen K, Varvas K, Järving I, Samel N. Novel membrane-associated prostaglandin E synthase-2 from crustacean arthropods. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2014; 174:45-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2014.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2014] [Revised: 05/29/2014] [Accepted: 05/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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46
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Huerlimann R, Steinig EJ, Loxton H, Zenger KR, Jerry DR, Heimann K. Effects of growth phase and nitrogen starvation on expression of fatty acid desaturases and fatty acid composition of Isochrysis aff. galbana (TISO). Gene 2014; 545:36-44. [PMID: 24802118 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2014.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2014] [Revised: 04/24/2014] [Accepted: 05/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Very long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (VLC-PUFAs) are important dietary requirements for maintaining human health. Many marine microalgae are naturally high in ω-3 VLC-PUFAs, however, the molecular mechanisms underpinning fatty acid (FA) desaturation and elongation in algae are poorly understood. An advanced molecular understanding would facilitate improvements of this nascent industry. We aimed to investigate expression responses of four front-end fatty acid desaturase genes and downstream effects on FA profiles to nitrogen limitation and cultivation growth stage in Isochrysis aff. galbana (TISO). Cultures were grown in nitrogen-replete and -deplete medium; samples were harvested during logarithmic, late logarithmic and stationary growth phases to analyse FA content/composition and gene expression of ∆(6)-, ∆(8)-, ∆(5)- and ∆(4)-desaturases (d6FAD (putative), d8FAD, d5FAD and d4FAD, respectively). d6FAD (putative) exhibited no differential expression, while d8FAD, d5FAD and d4FAD were significantly upregulated during logarithmic growth of nutrient-replete cultures, coinciding with rapid cell division. In conclusion, it is demonstrated that expression of some FADs in I. aff. galbana varies with culture age and nitrogen status which has downstream consequences on FA desaturation levels. This has implications for the commercial production of VLC-PUFAs where a trade-off between total lipid yield and VLC-PUFAs has to be made.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roger Huerlimann
- School of Marine and Tropical Biology, James Cook University, Townsville 4811, Australia; Centre for Sustainable Tropical Fisheries and Aquaculture, Townsville 4811, Australia; James Cook University, Comparative Genomics Centre, Townsville, Queensland 4811, Australia
| | - Eike J Steinig
- School of Marine and Tropical Biology, James Cook University, Townsville 4811, Australia
| | - Heather Loxton
- School of Marine and Tropical Biology, James Cook University, Townsville 4811, Australia
| | - Kyall R Zenger
- School of Marine and Tropical Biology, James Cook University, Townsville 4811, Australia; Centre for Sustainable Tropical Fisheries and Aquaculture, Townsville 4811, Australia
| | - Dean R Jerry
- School of Marine and Tropical Biology, James Cook University, Townsville 4811, Australia; Centre for Sustainable Tropical Fisheries and Aquaculture, Townsville 4811, Australia
| | - Kirsten Heimann
- School of Marine and Tropical Biology, James Cook University, Townsville 4811, Australia; Centre for Sustainable Tropical Fisheries and Aquaculture, Townsville 4811, Australia; James Cook University, Comparative Genomics Centre, Townsville, Queensland 4811, Australia; Centre for Biodiscovery and Molecular Development of Therapeutics, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland 4811, Australia.
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47
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Gonzalez-Rey M, Bebianno MJ. Effects of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) diclofenac exposure in mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2014; 148:221-230. [PMID: 24525329 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2014.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2013] [Revised: 01/08/2014] [Accepted: 01/10/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, research studies have increasingly focused on assessing the occurrence of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) in ecosystems. However, much remains unknown concerning the potential effects on APIs on non-target organisms due to the complexity of the mode of action, reactivity and bioconcentration potential for each specific drug. The non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) diclofenac (DCF) is one of the most frequently detected APIs in surface waters worldwide and has recently been included in the list of priority substances under the European Commission. In this study, mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) were exposed to an environmentally relevant nominal concentration of DCF (250 ng L(-1)) over 15 days. The responses of several biomarkers were assessed in the mussel tissues: condition index (CI); superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione reductase (GR) and phase II glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activities, lipid peroxidation levels (LPO) associated with oxidative stress, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity related to neurotoxic effects and vitellogenin-like proteins linked to endocrine disruption. This study demonstrated significant induction of SOD and GR activities in the gills in addition to high CAT activity and LPO levels in the digestive gland. Phase II GST remained unaltered in both tissues, while the up-regulation of the AChE activity was directly related to the vitellogenin-like protein levels in exposed females, indicating an alteration in the estrogenic activity, rather than a breakdown in cholinergic neurotransmission function. This study confirmed that DCF at a concentration often observed in surface water induces tissue-specific biomarker responses. Finally, this study also revealed the importance of a multi-biomarker approach when assessing the potentially deleterious effects in a species that may be vulnerable to the continuously discharge of APIs into the ecosystems; this approach provides crucial new information regarding the unknown effects of DCF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Gonzalez-Rey
- CIMA, Marine and Environmental Research Centre, University of Algarve, Faro, Campus de Gambelas, 8000-135 Faro, Portugal
| | - Maria João Bebianno
- CIMA, Marine and Environmental Research Centre, University of Algarve, Faro, Campus de Gambelas, 8000-135 Faro, Portugal.
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48
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Reitzel AM, Passamaneck YJ, Karchner SI, Franks DG, Martindale MQ, Tarrant AM, Hahn ME. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) in the cnidarian Nematostella vectensis: comparative expression, protein interactions, and ligand binding. Dev Genes Evol 2013; 224:13-24. [PMID: 24292160 DOI: 10.1007/s00427-013-0458-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2013] [Accepted: 10/16/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) is a member of the basic helix-loop-helix/Per-ARNT-Sim (bHLH-PAS) family of transcription factors and has diverse roles in development, physiology, and environmental sensing in bilaterian animals. Studying the expression of conserved genes and function of proteins in outgroups to protostomes and deuterostomes assists in understanding the antiquity of gene function and deciphering lineage-specific differences in these bilaterian clades. We describe the developmental expression of AHR from the sea anemone Nematostella vectensis and compare its expression with three other members of the bHLH-PAS family (AHR nuclear translocator (ARNT), Cycle, and a proto-Single-Minded/Trachealess). NvAHR expression was highest early in the larval stage with spatial expression in the basal portion of the ectoderm that became increasingly restricted to the oral pole with concentrated expression in tentacles of the juvenile polyp. The other bHLH-PAS genes showed a divergent expression pattern in later larval stages and polyps, in which gene expression was concentrated in the aboral end, with broader expression in the endoderm later in development. In co-immunoprecipitation assays, we found no evidence for heterodimerization of AHR with ARNT, contrary to the conservation of this specific interaction in all bilaterians studied to date. Similar to results with other invertebrate AHRs but in contrast to vertebrate AHRs, NvAHR failed to bind two prototypical xenobiotic AHR ligands (2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, β-naphthoflavone). Together, our data suggest that AHR's original function in Eumetazoa likely involved developmental patterning, potentially of neural tissue. The role of heterodimerization in the function of AHR may have arisen after the cnidarian-bilaterian ancestor. The absence of xenobiotic binding to NvAHR further supports a hypothesis for a derived role of this protein in chemical sensing within the chordates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam M Reitzel
- Biology Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA, USA,
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49
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Wimuttisuk W, Tobwor P, Deenarn P, Danwisetkanjana K, Pinkaew D, Kirtikara K, Vichai V. Insights into the prostanoid pathway in the ovary development of the penaeid shrimp Penaeus monodon. PLoS One 2013; 8:e76934. [PMID: 24116186 PMCID: PMC3792876 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0076934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2013] [Accepted: 09/05/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The prostanoid pathway converts polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) into bioactive lipid mediators, including prostaglandins, thromboxanes and prostacyclins, all of which play vital roles in the immune and reproductive systems in most animal phyla. In crustaceans, PUFAs and prostaglandins have been detected and often associated with female reproductive maturation. However, the presence of prostanoid biosynthesis genes remained in question in these species. In this study, we outlined the prostanoid pathway in the black tiger shrimp Penaeus monodon based on the amplification of nine prostanoid biosynthesis genes: cytosolic phospholipase A2, hematopoietic prostaglandin D synthase, glutathione-dependent prostaglandin D synthase, prostaglandin E synthase 1, prostaglandin E synthase 2, prostaglandin E synthase 3, prostaglandin F synthase, thromboxane A synthase and cyclooxygenase. TBLASTX analysis confirmed the identities of these genes with 51-99% sequence identities to their closest homologs. In addition, prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α), which is a product of the prostaglandin F synthase enzyme, was detected for the first time in P. monodon ovaries along with the previously identified PUFAs and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) using RP-HPLC and mass-spectrometry. The prostaglandin synthase activity was also observed in shrimp ovary homogenates using in vitro activity assay. When prostaglandin biosynthesis was examined in different stages of shrimp ovaries, we found that the amounts of prostaglandin F synthase gene transcripts and PGF2α decreased as the ovaries matured. These findings not only indicate the presence of a functional prostanoid pathway in penaeid shrimp, but also suggest a possible role of the PGF2α biosynthesis in shrimp ovarian development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wananit Wimuttisuk
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani, Thailand
- ** E-mail:
| | - Punsa Tobwor
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Pacharawan Deenarn
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Kannawat Danwisetkanjana
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Decha Pinkaew
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Kanyawim Kirtikara
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Vanicha Vichai
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani, Thailand
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50
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Maskrey BH, Megson IL, Rossi AG, Whitfield PD. Emerging importance of omega-3 fatty acids in the innate immune response: molecular mechanisms and lipidomic strategies for their analysis. Mol Nutr Food Res 2013; 57:1390-400. [PMID: 23417926 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201200723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2012] [Revised: 12/12/2012] [Accepted: 12/12/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The beneficial health properties of dietary omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, particularly eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) have long been known and their metabolic dysfunction has been linked to a range of diseases including various inflammatory disorders, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying their health benefits have remained unclear. Recent technological advances in lipidomic analytical strategies have resulted in the discovery of a range of bioactive mediators derived from EPA and DHA that possess potent anti-inflammatory and pro-resolving properties and that may be responsible, at least in part, for the beneficial effects observed. These mediators include resolvins, protectins and maresins, as well as EPA derivatives of classical arachidonic acid derived eicosanoids, such as prostaglandin E3 . The aim of this review is to provide an overview of the biosynthetic pathways and biological properties of these omega-3 mediators, with a particular focus on the emerging importance of the counter-regulatory role of omega-3 and -6 fatty acids in the spatial and temporal regulation of the inflammatory response. It will also provide an insight into a range of lipidomic approaches, which are currently available to analyse these fatty acids and their metabolites in biological matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin H Maskrey
- Lipidomics Research Facility, Department of Diabetes and Cardiovascular Science, University of the Highlands and Islands, Inverness, UK.
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