1
|
Wuerger LTD, Sprenger H, Krasikova K, Templin M, Stahl A, Herfurth UM, Sieg H, Braeuning A. A multi-omics approach to elucidate okadaic acid-induced changes in human HepaRG hepatocarcinoma cells. Arch Toxicol 2024; 98:2919-2935. [PMID: 38832940 PMCID: PMC11324782 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-024-03796-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Okadaic acid (OA), a prevalent marine biotoxin found in shellfish, is known for causing acute gastrointestinal symptoms. Despite its potential to reach the bloodstream and the liver, the hepatic effects of OA are not well understood, highlighting a significant research gap. This study aims to comprehensively elucidate the impact of OA on the liver by examining the transcriptome, proteome, and phosphoproteome alterations in human HepaRG liver cells exposed to non-cytotoxic OA concentrations. We employed an integrative multi-omics approach, encompassing RNA sequencing, shotgun proteomics, phosphoproteomics, and targeted DigiWest analysis. This enabled a detailed exploration of gene and protein expression changes, alongside phosphorylation patterns under OA treatment. The study reveals concentration- and time-dependent deregulation in gene and protein expression, with a significant down-regulation of xenobiotic and lipid metabolism pathways. Up-regulated pathways include actin crosslink formation and a deregulation of apoptotic pathways. Notably, our results revealed that OA, as a potent phosphatase inhibitor, induces alterations in actin filament organization. Phosphoproteomics data highlighted the importance of phosphorylation in enzyme activity regulation, particularly affecting proteins involved in the regulation of the cytoskeleton. OA's inhibition of PP2A further leads to various downstream effects, including alterations in protein translation and energy metabolism. This research expands the understanding of OA's systemic impact, emphasizing its role in modulating the phosphorylation landscape, which influences crucial cellular processes. The results underscore OA's multifaceted effects on the liver, particularly through PP2A inhibition, impacting xenobiotic metabolism, cytoskeletal dynamics, and energy homeostasis. These insights enhance our comprehension of OA's biological significance and potential health risks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leonie T D Wuerger
- Department of Food Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Berlin, Germany
| | - Heike Sprenger
- Department of Food Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ksenia Krasikova
- Department of Food Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Berlin, Germany
| | - Markus Templin
- NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute at the University Tübingen, Reutlingen, Germany
| | - Aaron Stahl
- NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute at the University Tübingen, Reutlingen, Germany
| | - Uta M Herfurth
- Department of Food Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Berlin, Germany
| | - Holger Sieg
- Department of Food Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Albert Braeuning
- Department of Food Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Li Z, Wang J, Yue H, Rehman A, Yousaf M, Du M, Zhang X. Applying metabolic modeling and multi-omics to elucidate the biotransformation mechanisms of marine algal toxin domoic acid (DA) in sediments. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 472:134541. [PMID: 38714055 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2024]
Abstract
Domoic acid (DA)-producing algal blooms are a global marine environmental issue. However, there has been no previous research addressing the question regarding the fate of DA in marine benthic environments. In this work, we investigated the DA fate in the water-sediment microcosm via the integrative analysis of a top-down metabolic model, metagenome, and metabolome. Results demonstrated that biodegradation is the leading mechanism for the nonconservative attenuation of DA. Specifically, DA degradation was prominently completed by the sediment aerobic community, with a degradation rate of 0.0681 ± 0.00954 d-1. The DA degradation pathway included hydration, dehydrogenation, hydrolysis, decarboxylation, automatic ring opening of hydration, and β oxidation reactions. Moreover, the reverse ecological analysis demonstrated that the microbial community transitioned from nutrient competition to metabolic cross-feeding during DA degradation, further enhancing the cooperation between DA degraders and other taxa. Finally, we reconstructed the metabolic process of microbial communities during DA degradation and confirmed that the metabolism of amino acid and organic acid drove the degradation of DA. Overall, our work not only elucidated the fate of DA in marine environments but also provided crucial insights for applying metabolic models and multi-omics to investigate the biotransformation of other contaminants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zelong Li
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, PR China
| | - Jing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, PR China.
| | - Hao Yue
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, PR China
| | - Arbaz Rehman
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, PR China
| | - Mariam Yousaf
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, PR China
| | - Miaomiao Du
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, PR China
| | - Xiuhong Zhang
- School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Bray JP, Hewitt CLR, Hulme PE. Bridging aquatic invasive species threats across multiple sectors through One Biosecurity. Bioscience 2024; 74:440-449. [PMID: 39156613 PMCID: PMC11328144 DOI: 10.1093/biosci/biae049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Understanding the magnitude of biosecurity risks in aquatic environments is increasingly complex and urgent because increasing volumes of international shipping, rising demand for aquaculture products, and growth in the global aquarium trade, are accelerating invasive alien species spread worldwide. These threats are especially pressing amid climate and biodiversity crises. However, global and national biosecurity systems are poorly prepared to respond because of fragmented research and policy environments, that often fail to account for risks across sectors or across stakeholder needs and fail to recognize similarities in the processes underpinning biological invasions. In the present article, we illustrate the complex network of links between biosecurity threats across human, animal, plant, and environment sectors and propose a universal approach to risk assessment. One Biosecurity is a holistic, interdisciplinary approach that minimizes biosecurity risks across human, animal, plant, algal, and ecosystem health and is critical to reduce redundancy and increase cross-sectoral cohesion to improve policy, management, and research in aquatic biosecurity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Peter Bray
- The Centre for One Biosecurity Research, Analysis and Synthesis
- Department of Pest-Management and Conservation at Lincoln University, Christchurch, Canterbury, New Zealand
| | | | - Philip Eric Hulme
- The Centre for One Biosecurity Research, Analysis and Synthesis
- Department of Pest-Management and Conservation at Lincoln University, Christchurch, Canterbury, New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Li J, Xue X, Xin F, Xing M, Pang Q, Wang H, Tian Y. Rapid detection of microalgae cells based on upconversion nanoprobes. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2024; 16:3271-3277. [PMID: 38738547 DOI: 10.1039/d4ay00387j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
The quantification of microalgae cells is crucial for the treatment of ships' ballast water. However, achieving rapid detection of microalgae cells remains a substantial challenge. Here, we develop a new method for rapid and effective detection of microalgae concentration by utilizing upconversion nanoprobes (UCNPs) of NaYF4:Er3+,Tm3+. Three ligands, carboxylated methoxypolyethylene glycols with 5000 and 2000 molecular weights (mPEG-COOH-5, mPEG-COOH-2) and D-gluconic acid sodium salt (DGAS), were used to convert hydrophobic UCNPs into a hydrophilic state through modification. The results show that the mPEG-COOH-5 modified UCNPs present the highest stability in an aqueous solution. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) measurements reveal the presence of a significant number of -COOH functional groups on UCNPs after the mPEG-COOH-5 modification. These -COOH groups enhance the hydrophilicity and biocompatibility of UCNPs. The soluble UCNPs were directly mixed with microalgae, and the upconversion luminescence (UCL) spectra of the UCNPs were recorded immediately after thorough shaking. This greatly reduces the measurement time and could realize rapid onboard detection. In this sensing procedure, the UCNPs with red UCL functioned as energy donors, while microalgae with red absorption served as an energy acceptor. The UCL gradually diminishes with an increase in microalgae concentration based on the inner filter effect, thus establishing a relationship between UCL and microalgae concentration. The accuracy of the detection is further validated through the traditional microscope counting method. These findings pave the way for a novel rapid strategy to assess microalgae concentration using UCNPs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiayao Li
- School of Science, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China.
| | - Xiaohong Xue
- School of Science, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China.
| | - Fangyun Xin
- School of Science, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China.
| | - Mingming Xing
- School of Science, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China.
| | - Qiang Pang
- School of Science, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China.
| | - Hong Wang
- School of Science, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China.
| | - Ying Tian
- School of Science, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Xu T, Huangfu B, He X, Huang K. Exosomes as mediators of signal transmitters in biotoxins toxicity: a comprehensive review. Cell Biol Toxicol 2024; 40:27. [PMID: 38693223 PMCID: PMC11062979 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-024-09867-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Small membranes known as exosomes surround them and are released by several cell types both in vitro and in vivo. These membranes are packed with a variety of biomolecules, including proteins, lipids, deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), ribonucleic acid (RNA), and non-coding RNA (ncRNA). As a source of biological nanomaterials, exosomes play a role in information and substance transmission between cells and have been identified as a general method of facilitating communication during interactions between the body, target organs, and toxins.. In order to understand the changes and mechanism of the composition and level of exosomes after biotoxin infection, this review focuses on current findings on the exosomes and highlights their novel uses in the toxicity mechanism. Exosomes are mainly used as a delivery carrier or mediated by receptors, and play an immune role after the toxin enters the body. This review expounds on the importance of exosomes in the toxicological mechanism of biotoxins and provides new insights for further diagnosis of toxic biomarkers, detoxification, and treatment development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tongxiao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education; College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering; China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Bingxin Huangfu
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education; College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering; China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Xiaoyun He
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education; College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering; China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China.
- Key Laboratory of Safety Assessment of Genetically Modified Organism (Food Safety), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Kunlun Huang
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education; College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering; China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China.
- Key Laboratory of Safety Assessment of Genetically Modified Organism (Food Safety), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, 100083, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Bechard A, Lang C. The human health effects of harmful algal blooms in Florida: The importance of high resolution data. HARMFUL ALGAE 2024; 132:102584. [PMID: 38331540 DOI: 10.1016/j.hal.2024.102584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Harmful algal blooms (HABs) have been found to cause increases in healthcare visits for a variety of illnesses to humans if exposure and contact is sufficient. We use a more comprehensive dataset than previously implemented in prior literature to better isolate visits by healthcare facility type and proximity to bloom. Using a difference-in-differences model, our results suggest HABs cause an increase of 23.67 healthcare admissions per zip code per month across four HAB-related diagnoses. This impact is a 3,000% increase over baseline non-bloom times and an increase in monthly healthcare costs of about $250,000 for the entire impacted area. Our data include inpatient non-emergency and outpatient healthcare visits, which account for over 60% of all HAB-related healthcare visits, meaning that prior literature that has not measured those facilities has greatly underestimated HAB health impacts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Corey Lang
- 1 Greenhouse Rd., University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Cadaillon AM, Mattera B, Albizzi A, Montoya N, Maldonado S, Raya Rey A, Riccialdelli L, Almandoz GO, Schloss IR. Multispecies mass mortality in the Beagle Channel associated with paralytic shellfish toxins. HARMFUL ALGAE 2024; 132:102581. [PMID: 38331545 DOI: 10.1016/j.hal.2024.102581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
The Beagle Channel is a Subantarctic semi-estuarine environment at the southern tip of South America, where intoxication events associated with harmful algal blooms have been reported since 1886, including a world record in toxicity due to Alexandrium catenella in 1992. Toxic algae affect public health and ecosystem services, particularly mussel aquaculture and fisheries management. During the austral summer of 2022, an intense bloom of A. catenella (5 × 104 cells L-1) occurred in the Beagle Channel, leading to the second most toxic event in the area, with mussel toxicity reaching 197,266 µg STXeq kg-1. This event was synchronous with the mortality of marine organisms from different trophic levels and terrestrial fauna, i.e., two Fuegian red foxes and a southern caracara. Stomach content and liver samples from dead kelp gulls (Larus dominicanus), Magellanic penguins (Spheniscus magellanicus), papua penguins (Pygoscelis papua), and imperial cormorants (Leucocarbo atriceps), presented variable paralytic shellfish toxins (PST) levels (up to 3427 µg STXeq kg-1) as measured by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), suggesting that deaths were associated with high PST toxicity level. The different toxin profiles found in phytoplankton, zooplankton, squat lobsters (Grimothea gregaria), Fuegian sprat (Sprattus fuegensis), and seabirds evidenced possible toxin transformation along the food web and the possible transfer vectors. The unexpected detection of PST in terrestrial fauna (up to 2707 µg STXeq kg-1) suggested intoxication by scavenging on squat lobsters, which had high toxicity (26,663 µg STXeq kg-1). PST trace levels were also detected in a liver sample of a dead false killer whale (Pseudorca crassidens), an oceanic odontocete stranded on the coast during the bloom. Overall, our results denote the exceptional nature of the toxic, multispecies mortality event and that toxins may propagate to several levels of the food web in this Subantarctic environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A M Cadaillon
- Centro Austral de Investigaciones Científicas (CADIC) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Bernardo Houssay 200, Ushuaia, Argentina; Instituto de Desarrollo Económico e Innovación (IDEI), Universidad Nacional de Tierra del Fuego, Antártida e Islas del Atlántico Sur (UNTDF), Yrigoyen 879, Ushuaia 9410, Argentina.
| | - B Mattera
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo Pesquero, Paseo Victoria Ocampo N°1, Mar del Plata 7600, Argentina
| | - A Albizzi
- Centro Austral de Investigaciones Científicas (CADIC) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Bernardo Houssay 200, Ushuaia, Argentina
| | - N Montoya
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo Pesquero, Paseo Victoria Ocampo N°1, Mar del Plata 7600, Argentina
| | - S Maldonado
- Dirección General de Laboratorio de Toxinas y Microbiología, Secretaría de Pesca y Acuicultura, Ministerio de Produccion y Ambiente. Gobierno de la Provincia de Tierra del Fuego, Antártida e Islas del Atlántico Sur, Argentina
| | - A Raya Rey
- Centro Austral de Investigaciones Científicas (CADIC) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Bernardo Houssay 200, Ushuaia, Argentina; Instituto de Ciencias Polares, Ambiente y Recursos Naturales (ICPA), UNTDF, Yrigoyen 879, Ushuaia 9410, Argentina; Wildlife Conservation Society, Amenábar 1595, Office 19, C1426AKC CABA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - L Riccialdelli
- Centro Austral de Investigaciones Científicas (CADIC) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Bernardo Houssay 200, Ushuaia, Argentina
| | - G O Almandoz
- División Ficología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Paseo del Bosque s/n, B1900FWA La Plata, Argentina; CONICET, Godoy Cruz 2290 (C1425FQB), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - I R Schloss
- Centro Austral de Investigaciones Científicas (CADIC) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Bernardo Houssay 200, Ushuaia, Argentina; Instituto de Ciencias Polares, Ambiente y Recursos Naturales (ICPA), UNTDF, Yrigoyen 879, Ushuaia 9410, Argentina; Instituto Antártico Argentino, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Memesh R, Yasir M, Ledder RG, Zowawi H, McBain AJ, Azhar EI. An update on the prevalence of colistin and carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria in aquaculture: an emerging threat to public health. J Appl Microbiol 2024; 135:lxad288. [PMID: 38059867 DOI: 10.1093/jambio/lxad288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Aquaculture has been recognized as a hotspot for the emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistance genes conferring resistance to clinically important antibiotics. This review gives insights into studies investigating the prevalence of colistin and carbapenem resistance (CCR) among Gram-negative bacilli in aquaculture. Overall, a high incidence of CCR has been reported in aquatic farms in several countries, with CCR being more prevalent among opportunistic human pathogens such as Acinetobacter nosocomialis, Shewanella algae, Photobacterium damselae, Vibrio spp., Aeromonas spp., as well as members of Enterobacteriaceae family. A high proportion of isolates in these studies exhibited wide-spectrum profiles of antimicrobial resistance, highlighting their multidrug-resistance properties (MDR). Several mobile colistin resistance genes (including, mcr-1, mcr-1.1, mcr-2, mcr-2.1, mcr-3, mcr-3.1, mcr-4.1, mcr-4.3, mcr-5.1, mcr-6.1, mcr-7.1, mcr-8.1, and mcr-10.1) and carbapenemase encoding genes (including, blaOXA-48, blaOXA-55, blaNDM, blaKPC, blaIMI, blaAIM, blaVIM, and blaIMP) have been detected in aquatic farms in different countries. The majority of these were carried on MDR Incompatibility (Inc) plasmids including IncA/C, and IncX4, which have been associated with a wide host range of different sources. Thus, there is a risk for the possible spread of resistance genes between fish, their environments, and humans. These findings highlight the need to monitor and regulate the usage of antimicrobials in aquaculture. A multisectoral and transdisciplinary (One Health) approach is urgently needed to reduce the spread of resistant bacteria and/or resistance genes originating in aquaculture and avoid their global reach.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roa Memesh
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center and Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Yasir
- Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center and Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ruth G Ledder
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Hosam Zowawi
- College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdul-Aziz University for Health Science (KSAU-HS), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Centre (KAIMRC), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Andrew J McBain
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Esam I Azhar
- Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center and Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Yan L, Lin P, Wu Z, Lu Z, Ma L, Dong X, He L, Dai Z, Zhou C, Hong P, Li C. Exosomal miRNA analysis provides new insights into exposure to nanoplastics and okadaic acid. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 905:167010. [PMID: 37722421 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
As an emerging environmental pollutant, nanoplastics (NPs) have attracted wide attention in terms of their impact on the ecological environment and human health. Currently, researches on the cytotoxicity of NPs mainly focus on oxidative stress, damage to the cell membrane and organelles, induction of immune response and genotoxicity. Okadaic acid (OA) is the main component of diarrheal shellfish toxin. Based on the previous combined toxicity exploration of polystyrene (PS) NPs and (OA) to human gastric adenocarcinoma (AGS) cells, cell-derived exosomes were extracted and exosomal miRNA profiles were analyzed for the first time in this study. The results showed that the composition of miRNAs varied after the exposure of NPs and OA. Specifically, the expression of miR-1-3p in both PS-Exo and PS-OA-Exo was significantly reduced. And the expression of miR-1248 was upregulated most significantly by comparing the DE miRNAs between PS-Exo and PS-OA-Exo. MiR-1-3p and miR-1248 may be the key genes for the combined toxicity of NPs and OA. After analysis, we found that both the decreased expression of miR-1-3p and the increased expression of miR-1248 can increase the expression of FN1 and affect DNA replication, which was surprisingly consistent with the results of our previous cytotoxicity studies. Since exosomal miRNAs are selectively encapsulated by donor cell, we speculate that the changes of exosomal miRNAs may due to the synchronous changes of intracellular environment and the downregulation of intracellular FN1 may be attributed to decreased expression of miR-1-3p and increased expression of miR-1248 in donor cells. Accordingly, we come to the conclusion that the changes of miRNAs in the exosomes derived from AGS cells after environmental stimulation could reflect the biological effects of donor cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Linhong Yan
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Zhanjiang 524088, PR China
| | - Peichun Lin
- School of Chemistry and Environment, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, PR China
| | - Zijie Wu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Zhanjiang 524088, PR China
| | - Zifan Lu
- School of Chemistry and Environment, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, PR China
| | - Lihua Ma
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Zhanjiang 524088, PR China
| | - Xiaoling Dong
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Zhanjiang 524088, PR China
| | - Lei He
- School of Chemistry and Environment, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, PR China
| | - Zhenqing Dai
- Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen 518108, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Equipment for South China Sea Marine Ranching, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, PR China
| | - Chunxia Zhou
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Zhanjiang 524088, PR China
| | - Pengzhi Hong
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Zhanjiang 524088, PR China
| | - Chengyong Li
- School of Chemistry and Environment, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, PR China; Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen 518108, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Equipment for South China Sea Marine Ranching, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
von Dassow P, Mikhno M, Percopo I, Orellana VR, Aguilera V, Álvarez G, Araya M, Cornejo-Guzmán S, Llona T, Mardones JI, Norambuena L, Salas-Rojas V, Kooistra WHCF, Montresor M, Sarno D. Diversity and toxicity of the planktonic diatom genus Pseudo-nitzschia from coastal and offshore waters of the Southeast Pacific, including Pseudo-nitzschia dampieri sp. nov. HARMFUL ALGAE 2023; 130:102520. [PMID: 38061816 DOI: 10.1016/j.hal.2023.102520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
To expand knowledge of Pseudo-nitzschia species in the Southeast Pacific, we isolated specimens from coastal waters of central Chile (36°S-30°S), the Gulf of Corcovado, and the oceanic Robinson Crusoe Island (700 km offshore) and grew them into monoclonal strains. A total of 123 Pseudo-nitzschia strains were identified to 11 species based on sequencing of the ITS region of the nuclear rDNA and on ultrastructural and morphometric analyses of the frustule in selected representatives of each clade: P. australis, P. bucculenta, P. cf. chiniana, P. cf. decipiens, P. fraudulenta, P. hasleana, P. multistriata, P. plurisecta, P. cf. sabit, the new species P. dampieri sp. nov., and one undescribed species. Partial 18S and 28S rDNA sequences, including the hypervariable V4 and D1-D3 regions used for barcoding, were gathered from representative strains of each species to facilitate future metabarcoding studies. Results showed different levels of genetic, and at times ultrastructural, diversity among the above-mentioned entities, suggesting morphological variants (P. bucculenta), rapidly radiating complexes with ill-defined species boundaries (P. cf. decipiens and P. cf. sabit), and the presence of new species (P. dampieri sp. nov., Pseudo-nitzschia sp. 1, and probably P. cf. chiniana). Domoic acid (DA) was detected in 18 out of 82 strains tested, including those of P. australis, P. plurisecta, and P. multistriata. Toxicity varied among species mostly corresponding to expectations from previous reports, with the prominent exception of P. fraudulenta; DA was not detected in any of its 10 strains tested. In conclusion, a high diversity of Pseudo-nitzschia exists in Chilean waters, particularly offshore.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peter von Dassow
- Departamento de Ecología, Facultad de Ciencias Biologicas, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Avenida Libertador Bernardo O'Higgins 340, Santiago, 8331150, Chile; Instituto Milenio de Oceanografía, Universidad de Concepción, Barrio Universitario S/N, Concepción, 4070112, Chile; Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121 Napoli, Italy.
| | - Marta Mikhno
- Departamento de Ecología, Facultad de Ciencias Biologicas, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Avenida Libertador Bernardo O'Higgins 340, Santiago, 8331150, Chile; Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121 Napoli, Italy
| | - Isabella Percopo
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121 Napoli, Italy
| | - Valentina Rubio Orellana
- Departamento de Ecología, Facultad de Ciencias Biologicas, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Avenida Libertador Bernardo O'Higgins 340, Santiago, 8331150, Chile; Instituto Milenio de Oceanografía, Universidad de Concepción, Barrio Universitario S/N, Concepción, 4070112, Chile
| | - Víctor Aguilera
- Instituto Milenio de Oceanografía, Universidad de Concepción, Barrio Universitario S/N, Concepción, 4070112, Chile; Laboratorio de Oceanografía Desértico Costera (LODEC), Centro de Estudios Avanzados en Zonas Áridas, Larrondo 1281, Coquimbo, 1781421, Chile
| | - Gonzalo Álvarez
- Facultad de Ciencias del Mar, Departamento de Acuicultura, Universidad Católica del Norte, Larrondo 1281, Coquimbo, 1781421, Chile; Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo Tecnológico en Algas (CIDTA), Universidad Católica del Norte, Larrondo 1281, Coquimbo, 1781421, Chile
| | - Michael Araya
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo Tecnológico en Algas (CIDTA), Universidad Católica del Norte, Larrondo 1281, Coquimbo, 1781421, Chile
| | - Sebastián Cornejo-Guzmán
- Departamento de Geofísica, Universidad de Concepción, Barrio Universitario S/N, Concepción, 4070112 Chile
| | - Tomás Llona
- Instituto Milenio de Oceanografía, Universidad de Concepción, Barrio Universitario S/N, Concepción, 4070112, Chile
| | - Jorge I Mardones
- Centro de Estudio de Algas Nocivas (CREAN), Instituto de Fomento Pesquero, Padre Harter 574, Puerto Montt, 5501679, Chile; Centro de Investigación en Recursos Naturales y Sustentabilidad (CIRENYS), Universidad Bernardo O´Higgins, Santiago 8370993, Chile
| | - Luis Norambuena
- Centro de Estudio de Algas Nocivas (CREAN), Instituto de Fomento Pesquero, Padre Harter 574, Puerto Montt, 5501679, Chile
| | - Victoria Salas-Rojas
- Departamento de Ecología, Facultad de Ciencias Biologicas, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Avenida Libertador Bernardo O'Higgins 340, Santiago, 8331150, Chile; Instituto Milenio de Oceanografía, Universidad de Concepción, Barrio Universitario S/N, Concepción, 4070112, Chile
| | | | - Marina Montresor
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121 Napoli, Italy
| | - Diana Sarno
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121 Napoli, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Gianella F, Burrows MT, Davidson K. The relationship between salmon (Salmo salar) farming and cell abundance of harmful algal taxa. HARMFUL ALGAE 2023; 129:102512. [PMID: 37951607 DOI: 10.1016/j.hal.2023.102512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
The effects of nutrient effluents from fish cage aquaculture are an important eutrophication concern. It has been proposed that marine fish farm derived nutrients have the potential to increase phytoplankton abundance and lead to intensification of Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs), and that these blooms may negatively impact both the finfish and the shellfish industry. This study addressed this hypothesis using farmed salmon biomass in Scottish marine waters (as a proxy for nutrient load added to the water column as a consequence of fish farming) cell abundance of HAB taxa that most frequently impact shellfish farms and human health in the region (Dinophysis spp., Alexandrium spp. and Pseudo-nitzschia spp.), and cell abundance of one phytoplankton species of particular concern to the salmon farming industry (Karenia mikimotoi). Data from a 15-year weekly HAB monitoring programme and parallel national monitoring data relating to salmon farm stocking biomass were summarised in 5 km per 5 km aggregation boxes. Linear regression models were used to assess (i) inter-annual variation in cell abundance and total annual farmed salmon biomass; (ii) intra-annual (monthly) variation in harmful phytoplankton cell abundance and salmon biomass; (iii) a further analysis included seasonal effects within the intra-annual analysis. Farmed salmon biomass alone had a non-significant effect on cell abundance of any of the studied phytoplankton taxa. In contrast, a significant effect on cell abundance was found when using location, month or season as the predictive variable. Despite the non-significant impact of fish biomass on phytoplankton counts, the relationship varied seasonally, with a different response of Dinophysis spp. indicating a taxa specific interaction. A possible explanation for the lack of a significant relationship between farmed salmon and harmful phytoplankton cell abundance is that aquaculture farms are generally located in hydrodynamically energetic locations where recurrent flushing likely allows efficient dilution of nutrients. Overall, the analyses suggest that current levels of salmon farming activities do not markedly impact the abundance of routinely monitored biotoxin producing or fish killing phytoplankton taxa in Scottish waters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Gianella
- Scottish Association for Marine Science, Oban PA37 1QA, United Kingdom.
| | - Michael T Burrows
- Scottish Association for Marine Science, Oban PA37 1QA, United Kingdom
| | - Keith Davidson
- Scottish Association for Marine Science, Oban PA37 1QA, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Wuerger LT, Birkholz G, Oberemm A, Sieg H, Braeuning A. Proteomic analysis of hepatic effects of okadaic acid in HepaRG human liver cells. EXCLI JOURNAL 2023; 22:1135-1145. [PMID: 38054204 PMCID: PMC10694344 DOI: 10.17179/excli2023-6458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
The marine biotoxin okadaic acid (OA) is produced by dinoflagellates and enters the human food chain by accumulating in the fatty tissue of filter-feeding shellfish. Consumption of highly contaminated shellfish can lead to diarrheic shellfish poisoning. However, apart from the acute effects in the intestine, OA can also provoke toxic effects in the liver, as it is able to pass the intestinal barrier into the blood stream. However, molecular details of OA-induced hepatotoxicity are still insufficiently characterized, and especially at the proteomic level data are scarce. In this study, we used human HepaRG liver cells and exposed them to non-cytotoxic OA concentrations for 24 hours. Global changes in protein expression were analyzed using 2-dimensional gel electrophoresis in combination with mass-spectrometric protein identification. The results constitute the first proteomic analysis of OA effects in human liver cells and indicate, amongst others, that OA affects the energy homeostasis, induces oxidative stress, and induces cytoskeletal changes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leonie T.D. Wuerger
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Department of Food Safety, Max-Dohrn-Str. 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany
| | - Greta Birkholz
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Department of Food Safety, Max-Dohrn-Str. 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany
| | - Axel Oberemm
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Department of Food Safety, Max-Dohrn-Str. 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany
| | - Holger Sieg
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Department of Food Safety, Max-Dohrn-Str. 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany
| | - Albert Braeuning
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Department of Food Safety, Max-Dohrn-Str. 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Nwankwegu AS, Zhang L, Xie D, Ohore OE, Li Y, Yang G, Yao X, Song Z, Yang Q. Metabolites dynamics exacerbated by external nutrients inputs into a Ceratium hirundinella-dominated bloom in the Pengxi River, Three Gorges Reservoir, China. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2023; 258:106507. [PMID: 36965430 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2023.106507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Secondary metabolites (toxins) production during harmful algal blooms (HABs) further increases the public health risks associated with water quality deterioration from anthropogenic eutrophication. In the present study, the dynamic pattern in the production of metabolites under different nutrient conditions in Ceratium-dominated spring HABs was investigated in Pengxi River, China. Results revealed five (5) important toxins all attributable to the Dinophyceae including azaspiracid 2&4, okadaic acid, tetrodotoxin, brevetoxin, and saxitoxin, each exhibiting certain levels of specificity to the ecosystem enrichments. In effect, while the production of azaspiracid 2 and okadaic acid was N-driven, azaspiracid 4 and tetrodotoxin were enhanced by Ca enrichment. The ambient HABs community structure shows absolute ecosystem dominance by a dinoflagellate, Ceratium hirundinella with relative abundance ((RA = 78.81%, p ˂ 0.05). However, P enrichment triggered a slight shift (p ≥ 0.05) in the HABs species structure within the cyanobacteria strictly represented by Chroococcus minor (RA = 26.60%) and Dolichospermum circinalis (RA = 23.91%) initiating possible emergency dominance. The effect of nutrient addition on biomass production as chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) confirmed a P-limited ecosystem juxtaposed by a secondary limitation by Ca. The significant stimulation on biomass as Chl-a from day 3 through day 4 by N and the multiple enrichments designated as NPFeCa was attributed to luxury consumption rather than limitation following N repletion thus delaying biomass accumulation. The study, therefore, offers useful insights into the dynamic pattern of toxins during spring HABs while it also provides comprehensive knowledge of the HABs impact predictions in the TGR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amechi S Nwankwegu
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, 1 Tiansheng Road, Beibei District, Chongqing 400716 China; National Base of International S&T Collaboration on Water Environmental Monitoring and Simulation in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Chongqing 400716 China; College of Environment, Hohai University, No. 1 Xikang Road, Gulou District, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, 1 Tiansheng Road, Beibei District, Chongqing 400716 China; National Base of International S&T Collaboration on Water Environmental Monitoring and Simulation in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Chongqing 400716 China.
| | - Deti Xie
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, 1 Tiansheng Road, Beibei District, Chongqing 400716 China; National Base of International S&T Collaboration on Water Environmental Monitoring and Simulation in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Chongqing 400716 China.
| | - Okugbe E Ohore
- Institute of Marine Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Yiping Li
- College of Environment, Hohai University, No. 1 Xikang Road, Gulou District, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Guanglang Yang
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, 1 Tiansheng Road, Beibei District, Chongqing 400716 China
| | - Xuexing Yao
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, 1 Tiansheng Road, Beibei District, Chongqing 400716 China
| | - Zenghui Song
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, 1 Tiansheng Road, Beibei District, Chongqing 400716 China
| | - Qing Yang
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, 1 Tiansheng Road, Beibei District, Chongqing 400716 China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Díaz PA, Pérez-Santos I, Basti L, Garreaud R, Pinilla E, Barrera F, Tello A, Schwerter C, Arenas-Uribe S, Soto-Riquelme C, Navarro P, Díaz M, Álvarez G, Linford PM, Altamirano R, Mancilla-Gutiérrez G, Rodríguez-Villegas C, Figueroa RI. The impact of local and climate change drivers on the formation, dynamics, and potential recurrence of a massive fish-killing microalgal bloom in Patagonian fjord. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 865:161288. [PMID: 36587668 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.161288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Harmful algal blooms (HABs) in southern Chile are a serious threat to public health, tourism, artisanal fisheries, and aquaculture in this region. Ichthyotoxic HAB species have recently become a major annual threat to the Chilean salmon farming industry, due to their severe economic impacts. In early austral autumn 2021, an intense bloom of the raphidophyte Heterosigma akashiwo was detected in Comau Fjord, Chilean Patagonia, resulting in a high mortality of farmed salmon (nearly 6000 tons of biomass) within 15 days. H. akashiwo cells were first detected at the head of the fjord on March 16, 2021 (up to 478 cells mL-1). On March 31, the cell density at the surface had reached a maximum of 2 × 105 cells mL-1, with intense brown spots visible on the water surface. Strong and persistent high-pressure anomalies over the southern tip of South America, consistent with the positive phase of the Southern Annular Mode (SAM), resulted in extremely dry conditions, high solar radiation, and strong southerly winds. A coupling of these features with the high water retention times inside the fjord can explain the spatial-temporal dynamics of this bloom event. Other factors, such as the internal local physical uplift process (favored by the north-to-south orientation of the fjord), salt-fingering events, and the uplift of subantarctic deep-water renewal, likely resulted in the injection of nutrients into the euphotic layer, which in turn could have promoted cell growth and thus high microalgal cell densities, such as reached by the bloom.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patricio A Díaz
- Centro i~mar, Universidad de Los Lagos, Casilla 557, Puerto Montt, Chile; CeBiB, Universidad de Los Lagos, Casilla 557, Puerto Montt, Chile.
| | - Iván Pérez-Santos
- Centro i~mar, Universidad de Los Lagos, Casilla 557, Puerto Montt, Chile; Center for Oceanographic Research COPAS Sur-Austral and COPAS COASTAL, Universidad de Concepción, Chile; Centro de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas de la Patagonia (CIEP), Coyhaique, Chile
| | - Leila Basti
- Faculty of Marine Environment and Resources, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, 108-8477 Tokyo, Japan; College of Agriculture and Veterinary Science, Department of Integrative Agriculture, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - René Garreaud
- Departamento de Geofísica, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8370449, Región Metropolitana, Chile; Centro de Ciencia del Clima y la Resiliencia (CR2), Universidad de Chile, Chile
| | - Elias Pinilla
- Instituto de Fomento Pesquero (IFOP), Putemún, Castro, Chile; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Maine, 5711 Boardman Hall, Orono, ME, USA
| | - Facundo Barrera
- Centro i~mar, Universidad de Los Lagos, Casilla 557, Puerto Montt, Chile; Centro de Ciencia del Clima y la Resiliencia (CR2), Universidad de Chile, Chile
| | | | - Camila Schwerter
- Centro i~mar, Universidad de Los Lagos, Casilla 557, Puerto Montt, Chile
| | - Sara Arenas-Uribe
- Centro i~mar, Universidad de Los Lagos, Casilla 557, Puerto Montt, Chile
| | | | - Pilar Navarro
- Centro i~mar, Universidad de Los Lagos, Casilla 557, Puerto Montt, Chile
| | - Manuel Díaz
- Instituto de Acuicultura & Programa de Investigación Pesquera, Universidad Austral de Chile, Los Pinos s/n, Puerto Montt, Chile
| | - Gonzalo Álvarez
- Facultad de Ciencias del Mar, Departamento de Acuicultura, Universidad Católica del Norte, Coquimbo 1281, Chile; Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo Tecnológico en Algas (CIDTA), Facultad de Ciencias del Mar, Larrondo 1281, Universidad Católica del Norte, Coquimbo, Chile
| | - Pamela M Linford
- Centro i~mar, Universidad de Los Lagos, Casilla 557, Puerto Montt, Chile
| | | | | | - Camilo Rodríguez-Villegas
- Centro i~mar, Universidad de Los Lagos, Casilla 557, Puerto Montt, Chile; CeBiB, Universidad de Los Lagos, Casilla 557, Puerto Montt, Chile
| | - Rosa I Figueroa
- Centro Oceanográfico de Vigo, Instituto Español de Oceanografía (IEO-CSIC), Vigo, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Driscoll WW, Wisecaver JH, Hackett JD, Espinosa NJ, Padway J, Engers JE, Bower JA. Behavioural differences underlie toxicity and predation variation in blooms of Prymnesium parvum. Ecol Lett 2023; 26:677-691. [PMID: 36924044 DOI: 10.1111/ele.14172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Much of the evolutionary ecology of toxic algal blooms (TABs) remains unclear, including the role of algal toxins in the adaptive 'strategies' of TAB-forming species. Most eukaryotic TABs are caused by mixotrophs that augment autotrophy with organic nutrient sources, including competing algae (intraguild predation). We leverage the standing diversity of TABs formed by the toxic, invasive mixotroph Prymnesium parvum to identify cell-level behaviours involved in toxin-assisted predation using direct observations as well as comparisons between genetically distinct low- and high-toxicity isolates. Our results suggest that P. parvum toxins are primarily delivered at close range and promote subsequent prey capture/consumption. Surprisingly, we find opposite chemotactic preferences for organic (prey-derived) and inorganic nutrients between differentially toxic isolates, respectively, suggesting behavioural integration of toxicity and phagotrophy. Variation in toxicity may, therefore, reflect broader phenotypic integration of key traits that ultimately contribute to the remarkable flexibility, diversity, and success of invasive populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- William W Driscoll
- Department of Biology, Penn State Harrisburg, Middletown, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Jennifer H Wisecaver
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue Center for Plant Biology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Jeremiah D Hackett
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Noelle J Espinosa
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Jared Padway
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Jessica E Engers
- Department of Biology, Penn State Harrisburg, Middletown, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jessica A Bower
- Department of Biology, Penn State Harrisburg, Middletown, Pennsylvania, USA
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Feng J, Zhou L, Zhao X, Chen J, Li Z, Liu Y, Ou L, Xie Z, Wang M, Yin X, Zhang X, Li Y, Luo M, Zeng L, Yan Q, Xie L, Sun L. Evaluation of environmental factors and microbial community structure in an important drinking-water reservoir across seasons. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1091818. [PMID: 36865780 PMCID: PMC9971975 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1091818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The composition of microbial communities varies in water and sediments, and changes in environmental factors have major effects on microbiomes. Here, we characterized variations in microbial communities and physicochemical factors at two sites in a large subtropical drinking water reservoir in southern China. The microbiomes of all sites, including the diversity and abundance of microbial species, were determined via metagenomics, and the relationships between microbiomes and physicochemical factors were determined via redundancy analysis. The dominant species in sediment and water samples differed; Dinobryon sp. LO226KS and Dinobryon divergens were dominant in sediment samples, whereas Candidatus Fonsibacter ubiquis and Microcystis elabens were dominant in water. The diversity was also significantly different in microbial alpha diversity between water and sediment habitats (p < 0.01). The trophic level index (TLI) was the major factor affecting the microbial community in water samples; Mycolicibacterium litorale and Mycolicibacterium phlei were significantly positively related to TLI. Furthermore, we also studied the distribution of algal toxin-encoding genes and antibiotic-resistant genes (ARGs) in the reservoir. It found that water samples contained more phycotoxin genes, with the cylindrospermopsin gene cluster most abundant. We found three genera highly related to cylindrospermopsin and explored a new cyanobacteria Aphanocapsa montana that may produce cylindrospermopsin based on the correlation through network analysis. The multidrug resistance gene was the most abundant ARG, while the relationship between ARGs and bacteria in sediment samples was more complicated than in water. The results of this study enhance our understanding of the effects of environmental factors on microbiomes. In conclusion, research on the properties, including profiles of algal toxin-encoding genes and ARGs, and microbial communities can aid water quality monitoring and conservation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Feng
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Source Management and Technology, Shenzhen Academy of Environmental Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Letian Zhou
- GeneMind Biosciences Company Limited, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaochao Zhao
- GeneMind Biosciences Company Limited, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jianyi Chen
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Source Management and Technology, Shenzhen Academy of Environmental Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhi Li
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Source Management and Technology, Shenzhen Academy of Environmental Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yongfeng Liu
- GeneMind Biosciences Company Limited, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lei Ou
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Source Management and Technology, Shenzhen Academy of Environmental Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zixin Xie
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Source Management and Technology, Shenzhen Academy of Environmental Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Miao Wang
- GeneMind Biosciences Company Limited, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xue Yin
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Source Management and Technology, Shenzhen Academy of Environmental Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- GeneMind Biosciences Company Limited, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yan Li
- GeneMind Biosciences Company Limited, Shenzhen, China
| | - Mingjie Luo
- GeneMind Biosciences Company Limited, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lidong Zeng
- GeneMind Biosciences Company Limited, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qin Yan
- GeneMind Biosciences Company Limited, Shenzhen, China
| | - Linshen Xie
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Source Management and Technology, Shenzhen Academy of Environmental Sciences, Shenzhen, China,*Correspondence: Linshen Xie,
| | - Lei Sun
- GeneMind Biosciences Company Limited, Shenzhen, China,*Correspondence: Linshen Xie,
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Gong X, Ma C, Sun B, Zhang J. An Efficient Self-Organized Detection System for Algae. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:1609. [PMID: 36772648 PMCID: PMC9920197 DOI: 10.3390/s23031609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Algal blooms have seriously affected the production and life of people and real-time detection of algae in water samples is a powerful measure to prevent algal blooms. The traditional manual detection of algae with a microscope is extremely time-consuming. In recent years, although there have been many studies using deep learning to classify and detect algae, most of them have focused on the relatively simple task of algal classification. In addition, some existing algal detection studies not only use small datasets containing limited algal species, but also only prove that object detection algorithms can be applied to algal detection tasks. These studies cannot implement the real-time detection of algae and timely warning of algal blooms. Therefore, this paper proposes an efficient self-organized detection system for algae. Benefiting from this system, we propose an interactive method to generate the algal detection dataset containing 28,329 images, 562,512 bounding boxes and 54 genera. Then, based on this dataset, we not only explore and compare the performance of 10 different versions of state-of-the-art object detection algorithms for algal detection, but also tune the detection system we built to its optimum state. In practical application, the system not only has good algal detection results, but also can complete the scanning, photographing and detection of a 2 cm × 2 cm, 0.1 mL algal slide specimen within five minutes (the resolution is 0.25886 μm/pixel); such a task requires a well-trained algal expert to work continuously for more than three hours. The efficient algal self-organized detection system we built makes it possible to detect algae in real time. In the future, with the help of IoT, we can use various smart sensors, actuators and intelligent controllers to achieve real-time collection and wireless transmission of algal data, use the efficient algal self-organized detection system we built to implement real-time algal detection and upload the detection results to the cloud to realize timely warning of algal blooms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xingrui Gong
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, Faculty of Innovation Engineering, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 999078, China
| | - Chao Ma
- Department of Engineering Science, Faculty of Innovation Engineering, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 999078, China
| | - Beili Sun
- Jiangsu Metabio Science & Technology Co., Ltd., Wuxi 214028, China
- Wuxi Key Laboratory of Biochips, Southeast University Wuxi Branch, Wuxi 214135, China
| | - Junyi Zhang
- Jiangsu Wuxi Environmental Monitoring Center, Wuxi 214121, China
- School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Liu X, Liu Y, Chai Z, Hu Z, Tang YZ. A combined approach detected novel species diversity and distribution of dinoflagellate cysts in the Yellow Sea, China. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 187:114567. [PMID: 36640495 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.114567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Resting cysts of dinoflagellates seed harmful algal blooms (HABs) and their geographic expansion, which makes it fundamentally important to obtain comprehensive inventories of dinoflagellate resting cysts in HABs-prone regions. The Yellow Sea (YS) of China has observed numerous outbreaks of dinoflagellate HABs with some novel species recorded recently indicating an underestimated HABs-causing species diversity. We report our investigation of dinoflagellate cysts of YS via an approach combining metabarcoding sequencing and single-cyst morpho-molecular identification, which identified many novel cyst species and a significant controlling effect of the Yellow Sea Cold Water Mass on cyst composition. The metabarcoding and single cyst-based sequencing detected 11 cyst species never being unambiguously reported in China, 10 never reported as cyst producers, and 3 HABs-causing species never reported from YS. Our detections of many potentially toxic or HABs-causative, particularly novel, cysts and distribution pattern provide important insights into the risks and ecology of dinoflagellate HABs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohan Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yuyang Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Zhaoyang Chai
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Zhangxi Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Ying Zhong Tang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Li XY, Yu RC, Richardson AJ, Sun C, Eriksen R, Kong FZ, Zhou ZX, Geng HX, Zhang QC, Zhou MJ. Marked shifts of harmful algal blooms in the Bohai Sea linked with combined impacts of environmental changes. HARMFUL ALGAE 2023; 121:102370. [PMID: 36639187 DOI: 10.1016/j.hal.2022.102370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The Bohai Sea, a semi-enclosed inland sea in China and an important mariculture region, has experienced extensive harmful algal blooms (HABs) and their negative impacts for several decades. To investigate the changes of HABs and their potential drivers over time and space, a dataset of 230 HAB events (1952-2017), along with corresponding environmental data (1990-2017) was compiled. The frequency of HAB events in the Bohai Sea has increased over time but plateaued in the last decade, and our analysis showed that history of HABs in the Bohai Sea could be categorized into three periods based on their frequency, scale, and HAB-forming species. The seasonal window of HAB events has started earlier and lasted longer, and the main hotspot has moved from Bohai Bay to coastal waters of Qinhuangdao over time. There were marked shifts in the representative HAB-forming microalgae, from dinoflagellates in the first period (before 2000) to haptophytes in the second period (2000-2009), and pelagophytes in the third period (2009 onwards). These community changes are accompanied by a trend toward diversification of HAB-forming microalgae, decrease in cell-size, and increase in negative impacts. Statistical analyses indicate that long-term changes in HABs in the Bohai Sea are linked with the combined effects of climate change, eutrophication and mariculture development. The results of the present study require to refine future monitoring programs, develop adaptive management strategies and predictive models for HABs in the Bohai Sea.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yu Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China; North China Sea Environmental Monitoring Center, State Oceanic Administration, Qingdao, 266033, China
| | - Ren-Cheng Yu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; Key Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China.
| | - Anthony J Richardson
- CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Queensland Biosciences Precinct, Saint Lucia, Qld, 4067, Australia; School of Mathematics and Physics, The University of Queensland, Saint Lucia, Qld, 4072, Australia
| | - Chaojiao Sun
- CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Crawley, Western Australia, 6009, Australia
| | - Ruth Eriksen
- CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Fan-Zhou Kong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; Key Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Zheng-Xi Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Hui-Xia Geng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Qing-Chun Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; Key Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Ming-Jiang Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Klemm K, Cembella A, Clarke D, Cusack C, Arneborg L, Karlson B, Liu Y, Naustvoll L, Siano R, Gran-Stadniczeñko S, John U. Apparent biogeographical trends in Alexandrium blooms for northern Europe: identifying links to climate change and effective adaptive actions. HARMFUL ALGAE 2022; 119:102335. [PMID: 36344194 DOI: 10.1016/j.hal.2022.102335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The marine dinoflagellate Alexandrium Halim represents perhaps the most significant and intensively studied genus with respect to species diversity, life history strategies, toxigenicity, biogeographical distribution, and global magnitude and consequences harmful algal blooms (HABs). The socioeconomic impacts, environmental and human health risks, and mitigation strategies for toxigenic Alexandrium blooms have also been explored in recent years. Human adaptive actions based on future scenarios of bloom dynamics and shifts in biogeographical distribution under climate-change parameters remain under development and not yet implemented on a regional scale. In the CoCliME (Co-development of climate services for adaptation to changing marine ecosystems) project these issues were addressed with respect to past, current and anticipated future status of key HAB genera and expected benefits of enhanced monitoring. Data on the distribution and frequency of Alexandrium blooms related to paralytic shellfish toxin (PST) events from key CoCliME Case Study areas, comprising the North Sea and adjacent Kattegat-Skagerrak, Norwegian Sea, and Baltic Sea, and eastern North Atlantic marginal seas, were evaluated in a contemporary and historical context over the past several decades. The first evidence of possible biogeographical expansion of Alexandrium taxa into eastern Arctic gateways was provided from DNA barcoding signatures. Various key climate change indicators, such as salinity, temperature, and water-column stratification, relevant to Alexandrium bloom initiation and development were identified. The possible influence of changing variables on bloom dynamics, magnitude, frequency and spatial and temporal distribution were interpreted in the context of regional ocean climate models. These climate change impact indicators may play key roles in selecting for the occurrence and diversity of Alexandrium species within the broader microeukaryote communities. For example, shifts to higher temperature and lower salinity regimes predicted for the southern North Sea indicate the potential for increased Alexandrium blooms, currently absent from this area. Ecological and socioeconomic impacts of Alexandrium blooms and effects on fisheries and aquaculture resources and coastal ecosystem function are evaluated, and, where feasible, effective adaptation strategies are proposed herein as emerging climate services.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kerstin Klemm
- Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Am Handelshafen 12, Bremerhaven 27570, Germany; Helmholtz Institute for Functional Marine Biodiversity at the University of Oldenburg (HIFMB), Ammerländer Heerstraße 231, Oldenburg 26129, Germany
| | - Allan Cembella
- Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Am Handelshafen 12, Bremerhaven 27570, Germany
| | - Dave Clarke
- Marine Institute, Rinville, Oranmore, Co. Galway, Ireland
| | | | - Lars Arneborg
- Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute, Research and development, oceanography, Sven Källfelts gata 15, Västra Frölunda, SE-426 71, Sweden
| | - Bengt Karlson
- Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute, Research and development, oceanography, Sven Källfelts gata 15, Västra Frölunda, SE-426 71, Sweden
| | - Ye Liu
- Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute, Research and development, oceanography, Sven Källfelts gata 15, Västra Frölunda, SE-426 71, Sweden
| | - Lars Naustvoll
- Institute of Marine Research, PO Box 1870 Nordnes, Bergen NO-5817, Norway
| | | | - Sandra Gran-Stadniczeñko
- Section for Aquatic Biology and Toxicology, Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1066, Blindern, Oslo 0316, Norway
| | - Uwe John
- Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Am Handelshafen 12, Bremerhaven 27570, Germany; Helmholtz Institute for Functional Marine Biodiversity at the University of Oldenburg (HIFMB), Ammerländer Heerstraße 231, Oldenburg 26129, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Yang Z, Yu X, Dedman S, Rosso M, Zhu J, Yang J, Xia Y, Tian Y, Zhang G, Wang J. UAV remote sensing applications in marine monitoring: Knowledge visualization and review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 838:155939. [PMID: 35577092 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
With the booming development of information technology and the growing demand for remote sensing data, unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) remote sensing technology has emerged. In recent years, UAV remote sensing technology has developed rapidly and has been widely used in the fields of military defense, agricultural monitoring, surveying and mapping management, and disaster and emergency response and management. Currently, increasingly serious marine biological and environmental problems are raising the need for effective and timely monitoring. Compared with traditional marine monitoring technologies, UAV remote sensing is becoming an important means for marine monitoring thanks to its flexibility, efficiency and low cost, while still producing systematic data with high spatial and temporal resolutions. This study visualizes the knowledge domain of the application and research advances of UAV remote sensing in marine monitoring by analyzing 1130 articles (from 1993 to early 2022) using a bibliometric approach and provides a review of the application of UAVs in marine management mapping, marine disaster and environmental monitoring, and marine wildlife monitoring. It aims to promote the extensive application of UAV remote sensing in the field of marine research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zongyao Yang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Disaster in the Beibu Gulf, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou 535011, China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Xueying Yu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Disaster in the Beibu Gulf, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou 535011, China
| | - Simon Dedman
- Hopkins Marine Station, Stanford University, Pacific Grove Pacific Grove, 93950, California, USA
| | | | - Jingmin Zhu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Disaster in the Beibu Gulf, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou 535011, China
| | - Jiaqi Yang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Disaster in the Beibu Gulf, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou 535011, China
| | - Yuxiang Xia
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Disaster in the Beibu Gulf, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou 535011, China
| | - Yichao Tian
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Disaster in the Beibu Gulf, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou 535011, China
| | - Guangping Zhang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Disaster in the Beibu Gulf, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou 535011, China
| | - Jingzhen Wang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Disaster in the Beibu Gulf, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou 535011, China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; Hopkins Marine Station, Stanford University, Pacific Grove Pacific Grove, 93950, California, USA; CIMA Research Foundation, Savona 17100, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Yeung KWY, Ho KKY, Zhou GJ, Ruan Y, Lam PKS, Leung KMY. Spatiotemporal variations of retinoic acids and their metabolites in the marine environment of Hong Kong. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2022; 181:113878. [PMID: 35779385 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.113878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Excessive intake of retinoic acids (RAs) and the oxidative metabolites, 4-oxo-RAs, can lead to abnormal morphological development in animals. This study investigated spatiotemporal variations of concentrations and compositions of these compounds in Hong Kong's seawater and during algal blooms. Total concentrations of the studied compounds in seawater were up to 0.790 and 0.427 ng/L in dry and wet seasons, respectively, though no significant seasonal variation was observed. Spatially, the Deep Bay Water Control Zone was the most enriched area with the studied compounds owing to its semi-enclosed nature and influence from the Pearl River discharge. During algal blooms, the studied compounds were detected up to 4.74 ng/L. Based on calculated risk quotients, the ecological risk of the studied compounds to Hong Kong's marine ecosystems was low. Nevertheless, the occurrence and distribution of these chemicals in the marine environment should be closely monitored where algal blooms frequently occur.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katie Wan Yee Yeung
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution and Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; The Swire Institute of Marine Science and School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kevin King Yan Ho
- The Swire Institute of Marine Science and School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Guang-Jie Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution and Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; The Swire Institute of Marine Science and School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Yuefei Ruan
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution and Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; Research Centre for the Oceans and Human Health, City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 518057, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519080, China
| | - Paul Kwan Sing Lam
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution and Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; Research Centre for the Oceans and Human Health, City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 518057, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519080, China; Office of the President, Hong Kong Metropolitan University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kenneth Mei Yee Leung
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution and Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519080, China.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Wuerger LT, Hammer HS, Hofmann U, Kudiabor F, Sieg H, Braeuning A. Okadaic acid influences xenobiotic metabolism in HepaRG cells. EXCLI JOURNAL 2022; 21:1053-1065. [PMID: 36172076 PMCID: PMC9489895 DOI: 10.17179/excli2022-5033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Okadaic acid (OA) is an algae-produced lipophilic marine biotoxin that accumulates in the fatty tissue of filter-feeding shellfish. Ingestion of contaminated shellfish leads to the diarrheic shellfish poisoning syndrome. Furthermore, several other effects of OA like genotoxicity, liver toxicity and tumor-promoting properties have been observed, probably linked to the phosphatase-inhibiting properties of the toxin. It has been shown that at high doses OA can disrupt the physical barrier of the intestinal epithelium. As the intestine and the liver do not only constitute a physical, but also a metabolic barrier against xenobiotic exposure, we here investigated the impact of OA on the expression of cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes and transporter proteins in human HepaRG cells liver cells in vitro at non-cytotoxic concentrations. The interplay of OA with known CYP inducers was also studied. Data show that the expression of various xenobiotic-metabolizing CYPs was downregulated after exposure to OA. Moreover, OA was able to counteract the activation of CYPs by their inducers. A number of transporters were also mainly downregulated. Overall, we demonstrate that OA has a significant effect on xenobiotic metabolism barrier in liver cells, highlighting the possibility for interactions of OA exposure with the metabolism of drugs and xenobiotics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leonie T.D. Wuerger
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Department of Food Safety, Max-Dohrn-Str. 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany
| | - Helen S. Hammer
- SIGNATOPE GmbH, Markwiesenstraße 55, 72770 Reutlingen, Germany
| | - Ute Hofmann
- Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Auerbachstr. 112, 70376 Stuttgart, and University of Tübingen, 72074 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Felicia Kudiabor
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Department of Food Safety, Max-Dohrn-Str. 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany
| | - Holger Sieg
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Department of Food Safety, Max-Dohrn-Str. 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany,*To whom correspondence should be addressed: Holger Sieg, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Department of Food Safety, Max-Dohrn-Str. 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany, E-mail:
| | - Albert Braeuning
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Department of Food Safety, Max-Dohrn-Str. 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Effects of Harmful Algal Blooms on Fish and Shellfish Species: A Case Study of New Zealand in a Changing Environment. Toxins (Basel) 2022; 14:toxins14050341. [PMID: 35622588 PMCID: PMC9147682 DOI: 10.3390/toxins14050341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Harmful algal blooms (HABs) have wide-ranging environmental impacts, including on aquatic species of social and commercial importance. In New Zealand (NZ), strategic growth of the aquaculture industry could be adversely affected by the occurrence of HABs. This review examines HAB species which are known to bloom both globally and in NZ and their effects on commercially important shellfish and fish species. Blooms of Karenia spp. have frequently been associated with mortalities of both fish and shellfish in NZ and the sub-lethal effects of other genera, notably Alexandrium spp., on shellfish (which includes paralysis, a lack of byssus production, and reduced growth) are also of concern. Climate change and anthropogenic impacts may alter HAB population structure and dynamics, as well as the physiological responses of fish and shellfish, potentially further compromising aquatic species. Those HAB species which have been detected in NZ and have the potential to bloom and harm marine life in the future are also discussed. The use of environmental DNA (eDNA) and relevant bioassays are practical tools which enable early detection of novel, problem HAB species and rapid toxin/HAB screening, and new data from HAB monitoring of aquaculture production sites using eDNA are presented. As aquaculture grows to supply a sizable proportion of the world’s protein, the effects of HABs in reducing productivity is of increasing significance. Research into the multiple stressor effects of climate change and HABs on cultured species and using local, recent, HAB strains is needed to accurately assess effects and inform stock management strategies.
Collapse
|
25
|
Sohma A, Imada R, Nishikawa T, Shibuki H. Modeling the life cycle of four types of phytoplankton and their bloom mechanisms in a benthic-pelagic coupled ecosystem. Ecol Modell 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2022.109882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
|
26
|
Free CM, Moore SK, Trainer VL. The value of monitoring in efficiently and adaptively managing biotoxin contamination in marine fisheries. HARMFUL ALGAE 2022; 114:102226. [PMID: 35550293 DOI: 10.1016/j.hal.2022.102226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Harmful algal blooms (HABs) can produce biotoxins that accumulate in seafood species targeted by commercial, recreational, and subsistence fisheries and pose an increasing risk to public health as well as fisher livelihoods, recreational opportunities, and food security. Designing biotoxin monitoring and management programs that protect public health with minimal impacts to the fishing communities that underpin coastal livelihoods and food systems is critically important, especially in regions with worsening HABs due to climate change. This study reviews the history of domoic acid monitoring and management in the highly lucrative U.S. West Coast Dungeness crab fishery and highlights three changes made to these programs that efficiently and adaptively manage mounting HAB risk: (1) expanded spatial-temporal frequency of monitoring; (2) delineation of clear management zones; and (3) authorization of evisceration orders as a strategy to mitigate economic impacts. Simulation models grounded in historical data were used to measure the value of monitoring information in facilitating efficient domoic acid management. Power analysis confirmed that surveys sampling 6 crabs (the current protocol) have high power to correctly diagnose contamination levels and recommend appropriate management actions. Across a range of contamination scenarios, increasing the spatial-temporal frequency of monitoring allowed management to respond more quickly to changing toxin levels and to protect public health with the least impact on fishing opportunities. These results highlight the powerful yet underutilized role of simulation testing and power analysis in designing efficient biotoxin monitoring programs, demonstrating the credibility of these programs to stakeholders, and justifying their expense to policymakers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher M Free
- Bren School of Environmental Science and Management, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA; Marine Science Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA.
| | - Stephanie K Moore
- Conservation Biology Division, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, WA, 98112, USA
| | - Vera L Trainer
- Environmental and Fisheries Science Division, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, WA, 98112, USA
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Dembitsky VM. Natural Polyether Ionophores and Their Pharmacological Profile. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:292. [PMID: 35621943 PMCID: PMC9144361 DOI: 10.3390/md20050292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
This review is devoted to the study of the biological activity of polyether ionophores produced by bacteria, unicellular marine algae, red seaweeds, marine sponges, and coelenterates. Biological activities have been studied experimentally in various laboratories, as well as data obtained using QSAR (Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationships) algorithms. According to the data obtained, it was shown that polyether toxins exhibit strong antibacterial, antimicrobial, antifungal, antitumor, and other activities. Along with this, it was found that natural polyether ionophores exhibit such properties as antiparasitic, antiprotozoal, cytostatic, anti-mycoplasmal, and antieczema activities. In addition, polyethers have been found to be potential regulators of lipid metabolism or inhibitors of DNA synthesis. Further study of the mechanisms of action and the search for new polyether ionophores and their derivatives may provide more effective therapeutic natural polyether ionophores for the treatment of cancer and other diseases. For some polyether ionophores, 3D graphs are presented, which demonstrate the predicted and calculated activities. The data presented in this review will be of interest to pharmacologists, chemists, practical medicine, and the pharmaceutical industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valery M Dembitsky
- Centre for Applied Research, Innovation and Entrepreneurship, Lethbridge College, 3000 College Drive South, Lethbridge, AB T1K 1L6, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Kim YS, An HJ, Kim J, Jeon YJ. Current Situation of Palytoxins and Cyclic Imines in Asia-Pacific Countries: Causative Phytoplankton Species and Seafood Poisoning. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19084921. [PMID: 35457784 PMCID: PMC9026528 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19084921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Among marine biotoxins, palytoxins (PlTXs) and cyclic imines (CIs), including spirolides, pinnatoxins, pteriatoxins, and gymnodimines, are not managed in many countries, such as the USA, European nations, and South Korea, because there are not enough poisoning cases or data for the limits on these biotoxins. In this article, we review unregulated marine biotoxins (e.g., PlTXs and CIs), their toxicity, causative phytoplankton species, and toxin extraction and detection protocols. Due to global warming, the habitat of the causative phytoplankton has expanded to the Asia-Pacific region. When ingested by humans, shellfish that accumulated toxins can cause various symptoms (muscle pain or diarrhea) and even death. There are no systematic reports on the occurrence of these toxins; however, it is important to continuously monitor causative phytoplankton and poisoning of accumulating shellfish by PlTXs and CI toxins because of the high risk of toxicity in human consumers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Young-Sang Kim
- Laboratory of Marine Bioresource Technology, Department of Marine Life Science, School of Marine Biomedical Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju City 63243, Korea;
- Marine Science Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju City 63333, Korea
| | - Hyun-Joo An
- Asia Glycomics Reference Site, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea;
- Graduate School of Analytical Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Jaeseong Kim
- Water and Eco-Bio Corporation, Kunsan National University, Kunsan 54150, Korea;
| | - You-Jin Jeon
- Laboratory of Marine Bioresource Technology, Department of Marine Life Science, School of Marine Biomedical Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju City 63243, Korea;
- Marine Science Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju City 63333, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-64-754-3475
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Zhu Y, Lu N, Chen JY, He C, Huang Z, Lu Z. Deep whole-genome resequencing sheds light on the distribution and effect of amphioxus SNPs. BMC Genom Data 2022; 23:26. [PMID: 35395709 PMCID: PMC8994340 DOI: 10.1186/s12863-022-01038-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Amphioxus is a model organism for vertebrate evolutionary research. The significant contrast between morphological phenotypic similarity and high-level genetic polymorphism among amphioxus populations has aroused scientists' attention. Here we resequenced 21 amphioxus genomes to over 100X depth and mapped them to a haploid reference. Results More than 11.5 million common SNPs were detected in the amphioxus population, which mainly affect genes enriched in ion transport, signal transduction and cell adhesion, while protein structure analysis via AlphaFold2 revealed that these SNPs fail to bring effective structural variants. Conclusions Our work provides explanation for “amphioxus polymorphism paradox” in a micro view, and generates an enhanced genomic dataset for amphioxus research. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12863-022-01038-w.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunchi Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Na Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - J-Y Chen
- Nanjing Institute of Paleontology and Geology, Nanjing, China
| | - Chunpeng He
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Zhen Huang
- The Public Service Platform for Industrialization Development Technology of Marine Biological Medicine and Product of State Oceanic Administration, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China. .,Key Laboratory of Special Marine Bio-Resources Sustainable Utilization of Fujian Province, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.
| | - Zuhong Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Jiang X, Zhao Y, Tang C, Appelbaum M, Rao Q. Aquatic food animals in the United States: Status quo and challenges. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2022; 21:1336-1382. [PMID: 35150203 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
This review summarizes (1) the U.S. status quo for aquatic food animal production and marketing; (2) major food safety and quality issues/concerns for aquatic food animals in the United States, including fish misbranding, finfish/shellfish allergies, pathogens, toxins and harmful residues, microplastics, and genetically engineered salmon; and (3) various U.S. regulations, guidances, and detection methods for the surveillance of fishery products. Overall, fish misbranding is the biggest challenge in the United States due to the relatively low inspection rate. In addition, due to the regulatory differences among countries, illegal animal drugs and/or pesticide residues might also be identified in imported aquatic food animals. Future regulatory and research directions could focus on further strengthening international cooperation, enhancing aquatic food animal inspection, and developing reliable, sensitive, and highly efficient detection methods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xingyi Jiang
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
| | - Yaqi Zhao
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
| | - Chunya Tang
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
| | - Megan Appelbaum
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
| | - Qinchun Rao
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Drouet K, Jauzein C, Gasparini S, Pavaux AS, Berdalet E, Marro S, Davenet-Sbirrazuoli V, Siano R, Lemée R. The benthic toxic dinoflagellate Ostreopsis cf. ovata in the NW Mediterranean Sea: Relationship between sea surface temperature and bloom phenology. HARMFUL ALGAE 2022; 112:102184. [PMID: 35144819 DOI: 10.1016/j.hal.2022.102184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Blooms of the toxic benthic dinoflagellate Ostreopsis cf. ovata can induce ecological and human health issues in certain temperate areas. In order to prevent these negative effects, long-term monitoring studies of O. cf. ovata blooms have been conducted in several impacted areas to have a comprehensive understanding of bloom dynamics and efficient tools for risk management. O. cf. ovata blooms were monitored every summer (from mid-June to the end of August) on five identified sites in Larvotto beach (Monaco, NW Mediterranean Sea), between 2007 and 2019. This time-series represents one of the largest time-series in the world describing blooms of this species. Bloom phenological features (timing, duration, maximum cell abundance and growth rate), were found to be highly variable throughout the studied period, and were analyzed as a function of different hydroclimatic parameters, including sea surface temperature (SST). The highest net growth rates were related to temperatures ranging between 21°C and 25°C, and did not coincide with maximal temperature records (27.5°C). Such results suggest that, although global warming possibly influences the expansion of O. cf. ovata from tropical to temperate waters, the definite impact of temperature on bloom dynamics might be more complex than a simple facilitation factor for algal growth, at least in NW Mediterranean waters. Furthermore, monthly SST anomalies calculated over this 13-year survey showed a strong positive correlation between spring SST positive anomalies and the bloom starting date, indicating that blooms occurred earlier in the season when spring SSTs were warmer than usual. Overall results provide tools to modelers and managers who are facing crucial challenges to predict the distribution and phenology of O. cf. ovata blooms in European coastal waters, moreover in a context of global warming.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Drouet
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire d'Océanographie de Villefranche (UMR 7093), Villefranche-sur-Mer, FRANCE; Ifremer, DYNECO Pelagos, F-29280 Plouzané, FRANCE.
| | - C Jauzein
- Ifremer, DYNECO Pelagos, F-29280 Plouzané, FRANCE
| | - S Gasparini
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire d'Océanographie de Villefranche (UMR 7093), Villefranche-sur-Mer, FRANCE
| | - A-S Pavaux
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire d'Océanographie de Villefranche (UMR 7093), Villefranche-sur-Mer, FRANCE
| | - E Berdalet
- Institut de Ciènces del Mar (CSIC), Barcelona, SPAIN
| | - S Marro
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire d'Océanographie de Villefranche (UMR 7093), Villefranche-sur-Mer, FRANCE
| | | | - R Siano
- Ifremer, DYNECO Pelagos, F-29280 Plouzané, FRANCE
| | - R Lemée
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire d'Océanographie de Villefranche (UMR 7093), Villefranche-sur-Mer, FRANCE
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Latitudinal Variation in the Toxicity and Sexual Compatibility of Alexandrium catenella Strains from Southern Chile. Toxins (Basel) 2021; 13:toxins13120900. [PMID: 34941737 PMCID: PMC8706904 DOI: 10.3390/toxins13120900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The bloom-forming toxic dinoflagellate Alexandrium catenella was first detected in southern Chile (39.5–55° S) 50 years ago and is responsible for most of the area’s cases of paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP). Given the complex life history of A. catenella, which includes benthic sexual cysts, in this study, we examined the potential link between latitude, toxicity, and sexual compatibility. Nine clones isolated from Chilean Patagonia were used in self- and out-crosses in all possible combinations (n = 45). The effect of latitude on toxicity, reproductive success indexes, and cyst production was also determined. Using the toxin profiles for all strains, consisting of C1, C2, GTX4, GTX1, GTX3, and NeoSTX, a latitudinal gradient was determined for their proportions (%) and content per cell (pg cell−1), with the more toxic strains occurring in the north (−40.6° S). Reproductive success also showed a latitudinal tendency and was lower in the north. None of the self-crosses yielded resting cysts. Rather, the production of resting cysts was highest in pairings of clones separated by distances of 1000–1650 km. Our results contribute to a better understanding of PSP outbreaks in the region and demonstrate the importance of resting cysts in fueling new toxic events. They also provide additional evidence that the introduction of strains from neighboring regions is a cause for concern.
Collapse
|
33
|
Kelchner H, Reeve-Arnold KE, Schreiner KM, Bargu S, Roques KG, Errera RM. Domoic Acid and Pseudo-nitzschia spp. Connected to Coastal Upwelling along Coastal Inhambane Province, Mozambique: A New Area of Concern. Toxins (Basel) 2021; 13:903. [PMID: 34941740 PMCID: PMC8704230 DOI: 10.3390/toxins13120903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Harmful algal blooms (HABs) are increasing globally in frequency, persistence, and geographic extent, posing a threat to ecosystem and human health. To date, no occurrences of marine phycotoxins have been recorded in Mozambique, which may be due to absence of a monitoring program and general awareness of potential threats. This study is the first documentation of neurotoxin, domoic acid (DA), produced by the diatom Pseudo-nitzschia along the east coast of Africa. Coastal Inhambane Province is a biodiversity hotspot where year-round Rhincodon typus (whale shark) sightings are among the highest globally and support an emerging ecotourism industry. Links between primary productivity and biodiversity in this area have not previously been considered or reported. During a pilot study, from January 2017 to April 2018, DA was identified year-round, peaking during Austral winter. During an intense study between May and August 2018, our research focused on identifying environmental factors influencing coastal productivity and DA concentration. Phytoplankton assemblage was diatom-dominated, with high abundances of Pseudo-nitzschia spp. Data suggest the system was influenced by nutrient pulses resulting from coastal upwelling. Continued and comprehensive monitoring along southern Mozambique would provide critical information to assess ecosystem and human health threats from marine toxins under challenges posed by global change.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Holly Kelchner
- School of Renewable Natural Resources, Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA;
- Cooperative Institute for Great Lakes Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48108, USA
| | - Katie E. Reeve-Arnold
- All Out Africa Marine Research Centre, Praia do Tofo, Inhambane 1300, Mozambique; (K.E.R.-A.); (K.G.R.)
| | - Kathryn M. Schreiner
- Large Lakes Observatory, University of Minnesota Duluth, Duluth, MI 55812, USA;
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Minnesota Duluth, Duluth, MN 55812, USA
| | - Sibel Bargu
- Department of Oceanography and Coastal Sciences, College of Coast and Environment, Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA;
| | - Kim G. Roques
- All Out Africa Marine Research Centre, Praia do Tofo, Inhambane 1300, Mozambique; (K.E.R.-A.); (K.G.R.)
| | - Reagan M. Errera
- School of Renewable Natural Resources, Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA;
- National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory, Ann Arbor, MI 48108, USA
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Han J, Park Y, Shin HH, Shin AY, Kang HM, Lee J, Choi YU, Lee KW. Effects of dinoflagellate Gymnodinium catenatum on swimming behavior and expression of heat shock protein (hsp) genes in the brine shrimp Artemia franciscana. HARMFUL ALGAE 2021; 110:102146. [PMID: 34887001 DOI: 10.1016/j.hal.2021.102146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
To understand the effects of the toxic marine dinoflagellate, Gymnodinium catenatum, on the brine shrimp, Artemia franciscana, we examined the acute toxicity and swimming behavior parameters such as swimming speed, swimming distance, and swimming path trajectory with transcriptional regulation of heat shock protein (hsp) genes in response to G. catenatum exposure. Mortality was not observed in response to G. catenatum. In the case of swimming behavior parameters, swimming speed and swimming distance were significantly decreased (P < 0.05) for 5 min at three concentrations (240, 360, and 600 cells/mL) of G. catenatum, whereas no significant change in swimming path trajectory was observed, suggesting that G. catenatum has potential adverse effects on the swimming behavior of A. franciscana. Additionally, the four A. franciscana-hsp genes (hsp26, hsp40, hsp70, and hsp90) were upregulated in response to G. catenatum. In particular, A. franciscana-hsp40 was significantly upregulated in response to 600 cells/mL G. catenatum, suggesting that A. franciscana-hsp genes are highly associated with cellular defense mechanisms and that A. franciscana-hsp40 is a potential biomarker for G. catenatum exposure. Overall, this study improves our understanding of the effects of G. catenatum on the swimming behavior and cellular defense mechanisms of A. franciscana.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeonghoon Han
- Marine Bio-Resources Research Unit, Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology (KIOST), Busan 49111, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeun Park
- Department of Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, 385 Haeyang-ro(st), Yeongdo-gu, Busan 49111, Republic of Korea; University of Science & Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon Ho Shin
- Library of Marine Samples, Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, Geoje 53201, Republic of Korea
| | - A-Young Shin
- Department of Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, 385 Haeyang-ro(st), Yeongdo-gu, Busan 49111, Republic of Korea; University of Science & Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Min Kang
- Department of Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, 385 Haeyang-ro(st), Yeongdo-gu, Busan 49111, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihoon Lee
- Department of Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, 385 Haeyang-ro(st), Yeongdo-gu, Busan 49111, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Ung Choi
- Marine Bio-Resources Research Unit, Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology (KIOST), Busan 49111, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyun-Woo Lee
- Department of Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, 385 Haeyang-ro(st), Yeongdo-gu, Busan 49111, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Potential endocrine correlation with exposure to domoic acid in Southern Right Whale (Eubalaena australis) at the Península Valdés breeding ground. Oecologia 2021; 198:21-34. [PMID: 34800166 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-021-05078-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/07/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
In waters off Península Valdés (PV), Argentina, southern right whales (SRW, Eubalaena australis) are occasionally exposed to domoic acid (DA), a neurotoxin produced by diatoms of the genus Pseudo-nitzschia. Domoic acid toxicity in marine mammals can cause gastrointestinal and neurological clinical signs, alterations in hematologic and endocrine variables, and can be fatal in extreme cases. In this study, we validated an enzyme immunoassay to quantify fecal glucocorticoid metabolites (fGCm) in 16 SRW fecal samples from live and dead stranded whales in PV from 2013 to 2018 and assessed fGCm levels associated with DA exposure. Overall, fGCm levels were significantly lower in SRWs with detectable fecal DA (n = 3) as compared to SRWs with undetectable fecal DA levels (n = 13). The highest fecal DA was observed in a live lactating female, which had low fGCm compared to the other lactating females studied. The highest fGCm was observed in a lactating female with undetectable DA; interestingly, at the time of sample collection, this female was sighted with two calves, an extremely unusual occurrence in this species. Though the sample size of these exceptionally rare breeding-season fecal samples was unavoidably small, our study provides evidence of potential adrenal alterations in whales exposed to an environmental neurotoxin such as DA.
Collapse
|
36
|
Transcriptomic Profile of the Cockle Cerastoderma edule Exposed to Seasonal Diarrhetic Shellfish Toxin Contamination. Toxins (Basel) 2021; 13:toxins13110784. [PMID: 34822568 PMCID: PMC8625317 DOI: 10.3390/toxins13110784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Bivalves constitute an important source of proteins for human consumption, but some accumulate biotoxins such as diarrhetic shellfish toxins (DSTs), constituting a risk to human health. The cockle Cerastoderma edule is one of the most important species harvested in the Portuguese coast but also one of the most affected species due to recurrent DSTs exposure. However, little is known regarding the effects of the toxins produced by blooming dinoflagellates on C. edule. Herein, we explore the Differentially Expressed Genes (DEGs) of two tissues (gills and digestive gland) from wild cockles sampled in Portugal, through their whole transcriptomic response in two different seasons (exposed and not exposed to DSTs). The de novo transcriptome assembly returned 684,723 contigs, N50 of 1049, and 98.53% completeness. Altogether, 1098 DEGs were identified, of which 353 DEGs were exclusive for the digestive gland, 536 unique for the gills and 209 DEGs were common. Among DEGs were identified known DSTs-biomarkers including glutathione peroxidase, glutathione S-transferase, superoxide dismutase, cytochrome P450, ABC transporters, actin and tubulin-related proteins, Heat shock proteins and complement C1Q-like proteins. This study provides the first transcriptomic profile of C. edule, giving new insights about its molecular responses under different environmental conditions of DSTs exposure.
Collapse
|
37
|
Harter TS, Clifford AM, Tresguerres M. Adrenergically induced translocation of red blood cell β-adrenergic sodium-proton exchangers has ecological relevance for hypoxic and hypercapnic white seabass. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2021; 321:R655-R671. [PMID: 34494485 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00175.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
White seabass (Atractoscion nobilis) increasingly experience periods of low oxygen (O2; hypoxia) and high carbon dioxide (CO2, hypercapnia) due to climate change and eutrophication of the coastal waters of California. Hemoglobin (Hb) is the principal O2 carrier in the blood and in many teleost fishes Hb-O2 binding is compromised at low pH; however, the red blood cells (RBC) of some species regulate intracellular pH with adrenergically stimulated sodium-proton-exchangers (β-NHEs). We hypothesized that RBC β-NHEs in white seabass are an important mechanism that can protect the blood O2-carrying capacity during hypoxia and hypercapnia. We determined the O2-binding characteristics of white seabass blood, the cellular and subcellular response of RBCs to adrenergic stimulation, and quantified the protective effect of β-NHE activity on Hb-O2 saturation. White seabass had typical teleost Hb characteristics, with a moderate O2 affinity (Po2 at half-saturation; P50 2.9 kPa) that was highly pH-sensitive (Bohr coefficient -0.92; Root effect 52%). Novel findings from super-resolution microscopy revealed β-NHE protein in vesicle-like structures and its translocation into the membrane after adrenergic stimulation. Microscopy data were corroborated by molecular and phylogenetic results and a functional characterization of β-NHE activity. The activation of RBC β-NHEs increased Hb-O2 saturation by ∼8% in normoxic hypercapnia and by up to ∼20% in hypoxic normocapnia. Our results provide novel insight into the cellular mechanism of adrenergic RBC stimulation within an ecologically relevant context. β-NHE activity in white seabass has great potential to protect arterial O2 transport during hypoxia and hypercapnia but is less effective during combinations of these stressors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Till S Harter
- Marine Biology Research Division, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Alexander M Clifford
- Marine Biology Research Division, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Martin Tresguerres
- Marine Biology Research Division, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Changing Trends in Paralytic Shellfish Poisonings Reflect Increasing Sea Surface Temperatures and Practices of Indigenous and Recreational Harvesters in British Columbia, Canada. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:md19100568. [PMID: 34677468 PMCID: PMC8538720 DOI: 10.3390/md19100568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) occurs when shellfish contaminated with saxitoxin or equivalent paralytic shellfish toxins (PSTs) are ingested. In British Columbia, Canada, documented poisonings are increasing in frequency based on 62 investigations identified from 1941–2020. Two PSP investigations were reported between 1941 and 1960 compared to 31 since 2001 (p < 0.0001) coincident with rising global temperatures (r2 = 0.76, p < 0.006). The majority of PSP investigations (71%) and cases (69%) were linked to self-harvested shellfish. Far more investigations involved harvests by indigenous communities (24%) than by commercial and recreational groups. Single-case-exposure investigations increased by more than 3.5 times in the decade 2011–2020 compared to previous periods. Clams (47%); mussels (26%); oysters (14%); scallops (6%); and, in more recent years, crabs (4%) were linked to illnesses. To guide understanding of self-harvesting consumption risks, we recommend collecting data to determine when PST-producing algae are present in high concentrations, improving the quality of data in online shellfish harvest maps to include dates of last testing; biotoxin testing results; and a description of bivalve species tested. Over reliance on toxin results in biomonitored species may not address actual consumption risks for unmonitored species harvested from the same area. We further recommend introducing phytoplankton monitoring in remote indigenous communities where self-harvesting is common and toxin testing is unavailable, as well as continuing participatory education about biotoxin risks in seafoods.
Collapse
|
39
|
Servent D, Malgorn C, Bernes M, Gil S, Simasotchi C, Hérard AS, Delzescaux T, Thai R, Barbe P, Keck M, Beau F, Zakarian A, Dive V, Molgó J. First evidence that emerging pinnatoxin-G, a contaminant of shellfish, reaches the brain and crosses the placental barrier. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 790:148125. [PMID: 34380275 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Massive proliferation of some toxic marine dinoflagellates is responsible for the occurrence of harmful algal blooms and the contamination of fish and shellfish worldwide. Pinnatoxins (PnTx) (A-H) comprise an emerging phycotoxin family belonging to the cyclic imine toxin group. Interest has been focused on these lipophilic, fast-acting and highly potent toxins because they are widely found in contaminated shellfish, and can represent a risk for seafood consumers. PnTx display a potent antagonist effect on nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChR), and in this study we assessed in vivo the ability of PnTx-G to cross physiological barriers to reach its molecular target. Radiolabeled [3H]-PnTx-G synthesized with good radiochemical purity and yield retained the high affinity of the natural toxin. Oral gavage or intravenous administration to adult rats and digital autoradiographic analyses revealed the biodistribution and toxicokinetics of [3H]-PnTx-G, which is rapidly cleared from blood, and accumulates in the liver and small intestine. The labeling of peripheral and brain adult/embryo rat tissues highlights its ability to cross the intestinal, blood-brain and placental barriers. High-resolution 3D-imaging and in vitro competition studies on rat embryo sections revealed the specificity of [3H]-PnTx-G binding and its selectivity for muscle and neuronal nAChR subtypes (such as α7 subtype). The use of a human perfused cotyledon model and mass spectrometry analyses disclosed that PnTx-G crosses the human placental barrier. The increasing worldwide occurrence of both the dinoflagellate Vulcanodinium rugosum and PnTx-contaminated shellfish, due to climate warming, raises concerns about the potential adverse impact that exposure to pinnatoxins may have for human health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Denis Servent
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), SIMoS, ERL CNRS 9004, F-91191 Gif sur Yvette, France.
| | - Carole Malgorn
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), SIMoS, ERL CNRS 9004, F-91191 Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Mylène Bernes
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), SIMoS, ERL CNRS 9004, F-91191 Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Sophie Gil
- Université de Paris, UMR-S1139, Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris, France
| | | | - Anne-Sophie Hérard
- Université Paris-Saclay, UMR9199, CNRS, CEA, MIRCen, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Thierry Delzescaux
- Université Paris-Saclay, UMR9199, CNRS, CEA, MIRCen, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Robert Thai
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), SIMoS, ERL CNRS 9004, F-91191 Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Peggy Barbe
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), SIMoS, ERL CNRS 9004, F-91191 Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Mathilde Keck
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), SIMoS, ERL CNRS 9004, F-91191 Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Fabrice Beau
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), SIMoS, ERL CNRS 9004, F-91191 Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Armen Zakarian
- University of California, Santa Barbara, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, CA 93106-9510, USA
| | - Vincent Dive
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), SIMoS, ERL CNRS 9004, F-91191 Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Jordi Molgó
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), SIMoS, ERL CNRS 9004, F-91191 Gif sur Yvette, France.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Neves RAF, Nascimento SM, Santos LN. Harmful algal blooms and shellfish in the marine environment: an overview of the main molluscan responses, toxin dynamics, and risks for human health. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:55846-55868. [PMID: 34480308 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-16256-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Besides human health risks, phycotoxins may cause physiological injuries on molluscan shellfish and, consequently, damages to marine ecosystems and global fisheries production. In this way, this review aimed to present an overview of HABs impacts on marine shellfish by evaluating the effects of cultivated molluscs exposure to microalgae and cyanobacteria that form blooms and/or synthesize toxins. More specifically, it was assessed the main molluscan shellfish responses to harmful algae, trophic transfer and dynamics of phycotoxins, and the risks for human health. Of the 2420 results obtained from literature search, 150 scientific publications were selected after thorough inspections for subject adherence. In total, 70 molluscan species and 37 taxa of harmful algae were assessed from retrieved scientific publications. A significant positive correlation was found between the marine production of molluscs and the number of available studies by molluscan category. Molluscan responses to HABs and phycotoxins were categorized and discussed in three sub-sections: effects on grazing and behavior, metabolic and physiological reactions, and fitness consequences. The main histopathological injuries and toxin concentrations in molluscan tissues were also compiled and discussed. Bivalves often accumulate more toxins than gastropods and cephalopods, occasionally exceeding recommended levels for safe consumption, representing a risk for human health. Harmful algae impact on molluscan shellfish are complex to trace and predict; however, considering the perspective of increase in the occurrence and intensity of HABs, the intensification of efforts to expand the knowledge about HABs impacts on marine molluscs is crucial to mitigate the damages on economy and human health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raquel A F Neves
- Graduate Program in Neotropical Biodiversity, Institute of Biosciences, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO), Avenida Pasteur, 458, Urca, Rio de Janeiro, CEP: 22.290-240, Brazil.
- Research Group of Experimental and Applied Aquatic Ecology, Institute of Biosciences, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO), Avenida Pasteur, 458 - 307, Urca, Rio de Janeiro, CEP: 22.290-240, Brazil.
| | - Silvia M Nascimento
- Graduate Program in Neotropical Biodiversity, Institute of Biosciences, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO), Avenida Pasteur, 458, Urca, Rio de Janeiro, CEP: 22.290-240, Brazil
- Laboratory of Marine Microalgae, Institute of Biosciences, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO), Avenida Pasteur, 458 - 314A, Urca, Rio de Janeiro, CEP: 22.290-240, Brazil
| | - Luciano N Santos
- Graduate Program in Neotropical Biodiversity, Institute of Biosciences, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO), Avenida Pasteur, 458, Urca, Rio de Janeiro, CEP: 22.290-240, Brazil
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Applied Ichthyology, Institute of Biosciences, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO), Avenida Pasteur, 458 - 314A, Urca, Rio de Janeiro, CEP: 22.290-240, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Liu C, Ji Y, Zhang L, Qiu J, Wang Z, Liu L, Zhuang Y, Chen T, Li Y, Niu B, Li A. Spatial distribution and source of biotoxins in phytoplankton from the South China Sea, China. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 418:126285. [PMID: 34119973 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Marine phycotoxins severely threaten ecosystem health and mariculture. This study investigates the spatial distribution and source of diverse phycotoxins in the South China Sea (SCS), during four 2019/2020 cruises. Saxitoxin (STX) and okadaic acid (OA) -groups, azaspiracids, cyclic imines, pectenotoxins (PTX), yessotoxins, and domoic acid (DA) toxins were analyzed in microalgal samples. PTX2 occurred with the highest (93.5%) detection rate (DR) during all cruises, especially in the Pearl River Estuary (PRE) in June 2019. Homo-yessotoxin (hYTX) and DA were found during three cruises in August 2020, and high DR of hYTX (67.7%, 29.3%) and DA (29.0%, 29.3%) in the PRE and Guangdong coast, respectively, in June 2019 and 2020, peaking at concentrations of 777 pg hYTX L-1 and 38514 pg DA L-1. The phycotoxin distribution demonstrated that DA-producing microalgae gathered close to the PRE and Guangdong coast, while hYTX-producing microalgae distributed relatively far offshore. Microalgae producing PTX2- and STX-group toxins were more widely living in the SCS. High-throughput sequencing results suggested that Alexandrium pacificum and Gonyaulax spinifera were responsible for STX-group toxins and hYTX, respectively, while Pseudo-nitzschia cuspidata was the main source of DA. Widely distributed PTX2, hYTX, and DA were reported for the first time in the SCS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ocean University of China, Ministry of Education, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Ying Ji
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ocean University of China, Ministry of Education, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ocean University of China, Ministry of Education, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Jiangbing Qiu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ocean University of China, Ministry of Education, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Zhaohui Wang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Lei Liu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yunyun Zhuang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ocean University of China, Ministry of Education, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Tianying Chen
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ocean University of China, Ministry of Education, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Yang Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Biaobiao Niu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Aifeng Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ocean University of China, Ministry of Education, Qingdao 266100, China.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Review of Harmful Algal Blooms in the Coastal Mediterranean Sea, with a Focus on Greek Waters. DIVERSITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/d13080396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Anthropogenic marine eutrophication has been recognized as one of the major threats to aquatic ecosystem health. In recent years, eutrophication phenomena, prompted by global warming and population increase, have stimulated the proliferation of potentially harmful algal taxa resulting in the prevalence of frequent and intense harmful algal blooms (HABs) in coastal areas. Numerous coastal areas of the Mediterranean Sea (MS) are under environmental pressures arising from human activities that are driving ecosystem degradation and resulting in the increase of the supply of nutrient inputs. In this review, we aim to present the recent situation regarding the appearance of HABs in Mediterranean coastal areas linked to anthropogenic eutrophication, to highlight the features and particularities of the MS, and to summarize the harmful phytoplankton outbreaks along the length of coastal areas of many localities. Furthermore, we focus on HABs documented in Greek coastal areas according to the causative algal species, the period of occurrence, and the induced damage in human and ecosystem health. The occurrence of eutrophication-induced HAB incidents during the past two decades is emphasized.
Collapse
|
43
|
Shang L, Xu Y, Leaw CP, Lim PT, Wang J, Chen J, Deng Y, Hu Z, Tang YZ. Potent allelopathy and non-PSTs, non-spirolides toxicity of the dinoflagellate Alexandrium leei to phytoplankton, finfish and zooplankton observed from laboratory bioassays. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 780:146484. [PMID: 33774286 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The dinoflagellate genus Alexandrium has been well known for causing paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) worldwide. Several non-PSP toxin-producing species, however, have shown to exhibit fish-killing toxicity. Here, we report the allelopathic activity of Alexandrium leei from Malaysia to other algal species, and its toxicity to finfish and zooplankton, via laboratory bioassays. Thirteen microalgal species that co-cultured with Al. leei revealed large variability in the allelopathic effects of Al. leei on the test algae, with the growth inhibition rates ranging from 0 to 100%. The negative allelopathic effects of Al. leei on microalgae included loss of flagella and thus the motility, damages of chain structure, deformation in cell morphology, and eventually cell lysis. The finfish experienced 100% mortality within 24 h exposed to the live culture (2000-6710 cells·mL-1), while the rotifer and brine shrimp exhibited 96-100% and 90-100% mortalities within 48 h when exposed to 500-6000 cells·mL-1 of Al. leei. The mortality of the test animals depended on the Al. leei cell density exposed, leading to a linear relationship between mortality and cell density for the finfish, and a logarithmic relationship for the two zooplankters. When exposed to the treatments using Al. leei whole live culture, cell-free culture medium, extract of algal cells in the f/2-Si medium, extract of methanol, and the re-suspended freeze-and-thaw algal cells, the test organisms (Ak. sanguinea and rotifers) all died at the cell density of 8100 cells·mL-1 within 24 h. Toxin analyses by HILIC-ESI-TOF/MS and LC-ESI-MS/MS demonstrated that Al. leei did not produce PSP-toxins and 13-desmethyl spirolide C. Overall, our findings demonstrated potent allelopathy and toxicity of Al. leei, which do not only pose threats to the aquaculture industry, fisheries, and marine ecosystems but may also play a part role in the population dynamics and bloom formation of this species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lixia Shang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Yangbing Xu
- Fisheries College, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Chui Pin Leaw
- Bachok Marine Research Station, Institute of Ocean and Earth Sciences, University of Malaya, 16310 Bachok, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Po Teen Lim
- Bachok Marine Research Station, Institute of Ocean and Earth Sciences, University of Malaya, 16310 Bachok, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Jiuming Wang
- Marine Bioresource and Environment Research Center, Key Laboratory of Marine Eco-Environmental Science and Technology, The First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao 266061, China
| | - Junhui Chen
- Marine Bioresource and Environment Research Center, Key Laboratory of Marine Eco-Environmental Science and Technology, The First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao 266061, China
| | - Yunyan Deng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Zhangxi Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Ying Zhong Tang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Bowers EK, Stimmelmayr R, Lefebvre KA. Stability of Domoic Acid in 50% Methanol Extracts and Raw Fecal Material from Bowhead Whales ( Balaena mysticetus). Mar Drugs 2021; 19:md19080423. [PMID: 34436262 PMCID: PMC8399427 DOI: 10.3390/md19080423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Domoic acid (DA), the toxin causing amnesic shellfish poisoning (ASP), is produced globally by some diatoms in the genus Pseudo-nitzschia. DA has been detected in several marine mammal species in the Alaskan Arctic, raising health concerns for marine mammals and subsistence communities dependent upon them. Gastrointestinal matrices are routinely used to detect Harmful Algal Bloom (HAB) toxin presence in marine mammals, yet DA stability has only been studied extensively in shellfish-related matrices. To address this knowledge gap, we quantified DA in bowhead whale fecal samples at multiple time points for two groups: (1) 50% methanol extracts from feces, and (2) raw feces stored in several conditions. DA concentrations decreased to 70 ± 7.1% of time zero (T0) in the 50% methanol extracts after 2 weeks, but remained steady until the final time point at 5 weeks (66 ± 5.7% T0). In contrast, DA concentrations were stable or increased in raw fecal material after 8 weeks of freezer storage (−20 °C), at room temperature (RT) in the dark, or refrigerated at 1 °C. DA concentrations in raw feces stored in an incubator (37 °C) or at RT in the light decreased to 77 ± 2.8% and 90 ± 15.0% T0 at 8 weeks, respectively. Evaporation during storage of raw fecal material is a likely cause of the increased DA concentrations observed over time with the highest increase to 126 ± 7.6% T0 after 3.2 years of frozen storage. These results provide valuable information for developing appropriate sample storage procedures for marine mammal fecal samples.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emily K. Bowers
- Northwest Fisheries Science Center, Environmental and Fisheries Sciences Division, National Marine Fisheries Service, NOAA, 2725 Montlake Blvd E, Seattle, WA 98112, USA;
| | - Raphaela Stimmelmayr
- The North Slope Borough Department of Wildlife Management, P.O. Box 69, Utqiagvik, AK 99723, USA;
| | - Kathi A. Lefebvre
- Northwest Fisheries Science Center, Environmental and Fisheries Sciences Division, National Marine Fisheries Service, NOAA, 2725 Montlake Blvd E, Seattle, WA 98112, USA;
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Li XY, Yu RC, Geng HX, Li YF. Increasing dominance of dinoflagellate red tides in the coastal waters of Yellow Sea, China. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2021; 168:112439. [PMID: 33993042 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The Yellow Sea (YS) has been subjected to harmful algal blooms (HABs) for several decades. In this study, we compiled and analyzed a dataset of 165 red tides from 1972 to 2017 and a dataset of green tides from 2008 to 2017 in the YS. The most notable feature of red tides in the YS is the increasing dominance of dinoflagellate red tides in terms of frequency, scale, seasonal distribution, spatial coverage, and red tide causative species. The increasing dominance of dinoflagellate red tides is closely related to eutrophication and the development of the mariculture industry in the YS. However, the dinoflagellate red tides in the northern Yellow Sea (NYS) and the southern Yellow Sea (SYS) have different features. The apparent changes in red tides in the SYS in terms of frequency and seasonal patterns might have been caused by recurrent large-scale green tides in the last decade.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yu Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ren-Cheng Yu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Hui-Xia Geng
- Changjiang River Estuary Ecosystem Research Station, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Yi-Fan Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Gaillard S, Réveillon D, Danthu C, Hervé F, Sibat M, Carpentier L, Hégaret H, Séchet V, Hess P. Effect of a short-term salinity stress on the growth, biovolume, toxins, osmolytes and metabolite profiles on three strains of the Dinophysis acuminata-complex (Dinophysis cf. sacculus). HARMFUL ALGAE 2021; 107:102009. [PMID: 34456027 DOI: 10.1016/j.hal.2021.102009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Dinophysis is the main dinoflagellate genus responsible for diarrheic shellfish poisoning (DSP) in human consumers of filter feeding bivalves contaminated with lipophilic diarrheic toxins. Species of this genus have a worldwide distribution driven by environmental conditions (temperature, irradiance, salinity, nutrients etc.), and these factors are sensitive to climate change. The D. acuminata-complex may contain several species, including D. sacculus. The latter has been found in estuaries and semi-enclosed areas, water bodies subjected to quick salinity variations and its natural repartition suggests some tolerance to salinity changes. However, the response of strains of D. acuminata-complex (D. cf. sacculus) subjected to salinity stress and the underlying mechanisms have never been studied in the laboratory. Here, a 24 h hypoosmotic (25) and hyperosmotic (42) stress was performed in vitro in a metabolomic study carried out with three cultivated strains of D. cf. sacculus isolated from the French Atlantic and Mediterranean coasts. Growth rate, biovolume and osmolyte (proline, glycine betaine and dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP)) and toxin contents were measured. Osmolyte contents were higher at the highest salinity, but only a significant increase in glycine betaine was observed between the control (35) and the hyperosmotic treatment. Metabolomics revealed significant and strain-dependent differences in metabolite profiles for different salinities. These results, as well as the absence of effects on growth rate, biovolume, okadaic acid (OA) and pectenotoxin (PTXs) cellular contents, suggest that the D. cf. sacculus strains studied are highly tolerant to salinity variations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sylvain Gaillard
- IFREMER, DYNECO, Laboratoire Phycotoxines, Rue de l'Ile d'Yeu, F-44000 Nantes, France.
| | - Damien Réveillon
- IFREMER, DYNECO, Laboratoire Phycotoxines, Rue de l'Ile d'Yeu, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Charline Danthu
- IFREMER, DYNECO, Laboratoire Phycotoxines, Rue de l'Ile d'Yeu, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Fabienne Hervé
- IFREMER, DYNECO, Laboratoire Phycotoxines, Rue de l'Ile d'Yeu, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Manoella Sibat
- IFREMER, DYNECO, Laboratoire Phycotoxines, Rue de l'Ile d'Yeu, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Liliane Carpentier
- IFREMER, DYNECO, Laboratoire Phycotoxines, Rue de l'Ile d'Yeu, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Hélène Hégaret
- Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR), UMR 6539 CNRS UBO IRD IFREMER - Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer, Technopôle Brest-Iroise, Rue Dumont d'Urville, 29280 Plouzané, France
| | - Véronique Séchet
- IFREMER, DYNECO, Laboratoire Phycotoxines, Rue de l'Ile d'Yeu, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Philipp Hess
- IFREMER, DYNECO, Laboratoire Phycotoxines, Rue de l'Ile d'Yeu, F-44000 Nantes, France.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Boullot F, Fabioux C, Hégaret H, Boudry P, Soudant P, Benoit E. Electrophysiological Evaluation of Pacific Oyster ( Crassostrea gigas) Sensitivity to Saxitoxin and Tetrodotoxin. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:md19070380. [PMID: 34209313 PMCID: PMC8307532 DOI: 10.3390/md19070380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Pacific oysters (Crassostrea gigas) may bio-accumulate high levels of paralytic shellfish toxins (PST) during harmful algal blooms of the genus Alexandrium. These blooms regularly occur in coastal waters, affecting oyster health and marketability. The aim of our study was to analyse the PST-sensitivity of nerves of Pacific oysters in relation with toxin bio-accumulation. The results show that C. gigas nerves have micromolar range of saxitoxin (STX) sensitivity, thus providing intermediate STX sensitivity compared to other bivalve species. However, theses nerves were much less sensitive to tetrodotoxin. The STX-sensitivity of compound nerve action potential (CNAP) recorded from oysters experimentally fed with Alexandrium minutum (toxic-alga-exposed oysters), or Tisochrysis lutea, a non-toxic microalga (control oysters), revealed that oysters could be separated into STX-resistant and STX-sensitive categories, regardless of the diet. Moreover, the percentage of toxin-sensitive nerves was lower, and the STX concentration necessary to inhibit 50% of CNAP higher, in recently toxic-alga-exposed oysters than in control bivalves. However, no obvious correlation was observed between nerve sensitivity to STX and the STX content in oyster digestive glands. None of the nerves isolated from wild and farmed oysters was detected to be sensitive to tetrodotoxin. In conclusion, this study highlights the good potential of cerebrovisceral nerves of Pacific oysters for electrophysiological and pharmacological studies. In addition, this study shows, for the first time, that C. gigas nerves have micromolar range of STX sensitivity. The STX sensitivity decreases, at least temporary, upon recent oyster exposure to dinoflagellates producing PST under natural, but not experimental environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Floriane Boullot
- Service d’Ingénierie Moléculaire Pour la Santé (SIMoS), Département Médicaments et Technologies Pour la Santé (DMTS), Institut des Sciences du Vivant Frédéric Joliot, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, ERL CNRS/CEA 9004, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France;
- Laboratoire des Sciences de l’Environnement Marin (LEMAR), Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, UMR 6539 CNRS/UBO/IRD/Ifremer, 29280 Plouzané, France; (C.F.); (H.H.); (P.S.)
| | - Caroline Fabioux
- Laboratoire des Sciences de l’Environnement Marin (LEMAR), Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, UMR 6539 CNRS/UBO/IRD/Ifremer, 29280 Plouzané, France; (C.F.); (H.H.); (P.S.)
| | - Hélène Hégaret
- Laboratoire des Sciences de l’Environnement Marin (LEMAR), Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, UMR 6539 CNRS/UBO/IRD/Ifremer, 29280 Plouzané, France; (C.F.); (H.H.); (P.S.)
| | - Pierre Boudry
- Centre Ifremer Bretagne, Ifremer, UMR 6539 (LEMAR) CNRS/UBO/IRD/Ifremer, ZI de la Pointe du Diable, CS 10070, 29280 Plouzané, France;
| | - Philippe Soudant
- Laboratoire des Sciences de l’Environnement Marin (LEMAR), Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, UMR 6539 CNRS/UBO/IRD/Ifremer, 29280 Plouzané, France; (C.F.); (H.H.); (P.S.)
| | - Evelyne Benoit
- Service d’Ingénierie Moléculaire Pour la Santé (SIMoS), Département Médicaments et Technologies Pour la Santé (DMTS), Institut des Sciences du Vivant Frédéric Joliot, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, ERL CNRS/CEA 9004, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France;
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Heil CA, Muni-Morgan AL. Florida’s Harmful Algal Bloom (HAB) Problem: Escalating Risks to Human, Environmental and Economic Health With Climate Change. Front Ecol Evol 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2021.646080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs) pose unique risks to the citizens, stakeholders, visitors, environment and economy of the state of Florida. Florida has been historically subjected to reoccurring blooms of the toxic marine dinoflagellate Karenia brevis (C. C. Davis) G. Hansen & Moestrup since at least first contact with explorers in the 1500’s. However, ongoing immigration of more than 100,000 people year–1 into the state, elevated population densities in coastal areas with attendant rapid, often unregulated development, coastal eutrophication, and climate change impacts (e.g., increasing hurricane severity, increases in water temperature, ocean acidification and sea level rise) has likely increased the occurrence of other HABs, both freshwater and marine, within the state as well as the number of people impacted by these blooms. Currently, over 75 freshwater, estuarine, coastal and marine HAB species are routinely monitored by state agencies. While only blooms of K. brevis, the dinoflagellate Pyrodinium bahamense (Böhm) Steidinger, Tester, and Taylor and the diatom Pseudo-nitzschia spp. have resulted in closure of commercial shellfish beds, other HAB species, including freshwater and marine cyanobacteria, pose either imminent or unknown risks to human, environmental and economic health. HAB related human health risks can be classified into those related to consumption of contaminated shellfish and finfish, consumption of or contact with bloom or toxin contaminated water or exposure to aerosolized HAB toxins. While acute human illnesses resulting from consumption of brevetoxin-, saxitoxin-, and domoic acid-contaminated commercial shellfish have been minimized by effective monitoring and regulation, illnesses due to unregulated toxin exposures, e.g., ciguatoxins and cyanotoxins, are not well documented or understood. Aerosolized HAB toxins potentially impact the largest number of people within Florida. While short-term (days to weeks) impacts of aerosolized brevetoxin exposure are well documented (e.g., decreased respiratory function for at-risk subgroups such as asthmatics), little is known of longer term (>1 month) impacts of exposure or the risks posed by aerosolized cyanotoxin [e.g., microcystin, β-N-methylamino-L-alanine (BMAA)] exposure. Environmental risks of K. brevis blooms are the best studied of Florida HABs and include acute exposure impacts such as significant dies-offs of fish, marine mammals, seabirds and turtles, as well as negative impacts on larval and juvenile stages of many biota. When K. brevis blooms are present, brevetoxins can be found throughout the water column and are widespread in both pelagic and benthic biota. The presence of brevetoxins in living tissue of both fish and marine mammals suggests that food web transfer of these toxins is occurring, resulting in toxin transport beyond the spatial and temporal range of the bloom such that impacts of these toxins may occur in areas not regularly subjected to blooms. Climate change impacts, including temperature effects on cell metabolism, shifting ocean circulation patterns and changes in HAB species range and bloom duration, may exacerbate these dynamics. Secondary HAB related environmental impacts are also possible due to hypoxia and anoxia resulting from elevated bloom biomass and/or the decomposition of HAB related mortalities. Economic risks related to HABs in Florida are diverse and impact multiple stakeholder groups. Direct costs related to human health impacts (e.g., increased hospital visits) as well as recreational and commercial fisheries can be significant, especially with wide-spread sustained HABs. Recreational and tourism-based industries which sustain a significant portion of Florida’s economy are especially vulnerable to both direct (e.g., declines in coastal hotel occupancy rates and restaurant and recreational users) and indirect (e.g., negative publicity impacts, associated job losses) impacts from HABs. While risks related to K. brevis blooms are established, Florida also remains susceptible to future HABs due to large scale freshwater management practices, degrading water quality, potential transport of HABs between freshwater and marine systems and the state’s vulnerability to climate change impacts.
Collapse
|
49
|
Tang Y, Zhang H, Wang Y, Fan C, Shen X. Combined Effects of Temperature and Toxic Algal Abundance on Paralytic Shellfish Toxic Accumulation, Tissue Distribution and Elimination Dynamics in Mussels Mytilus coruscus. Toxins (Basel) 2021; 13:toxins13060425. [PMID: 34204290 PMCID: PMC8235259 DOI: 10.3390/toxins13060425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
This study assessed the impact of increasing seawater surface temperature (SST) and toxic algal abundance (TAA) on the accumulation, tissue distribution and elimination dynamics of paralytic shellfish toxins (PSTs) in mussels. Mytilus coruscus were fed with the PSTs-producing dinoflagellate A. catenella under four simulated environment conditions. The maximum PSTs concentration was determined to be 3548 µg STX eq.kg−1, which was four times higher than the EU regulatory limit. The increasing SST caused a significant decline in PSTs levels in mussels with rapid elimination rates, whereas high TAA increased the PSTs concentration. As a result, the PSTs toxicity levels decreased under the combined condition. Additionally, toxin burdens were assessed within shellfish tissues, with the highest levels quantified in the hepatopancreas. It is noteworthy that the toxin burden shifted towards the mantle from gill, muscle and gonad at the 17th day. Moreover, variability of PSTs was measured, and was associated with changes in each environmental factor. Hence, this study primarily illustrates the combined effects of SST and TAA on PSTs toxicity, showing that increasing environmental temperature is of benefit to lower PSTs toxicity with rapid elimination rates.
Collapse
|
50
|
Gong Y, Zhang K, Geng N, Wu M, Yi X, Liu R, Challis JK, Codling G, Xu EG, Giesy JP. Molecular mechanisms of zooplanktonic toxicity in the okadaic acid-producing dinoflagellate Prorocentrum lima. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 279:116942. [PMID: 33765503 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.116942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Prorocentrum lima is a dinoflagellate that forms hazardous blooms and produces okadaic acid (OA), leading to adverse environmental consequences associated with the declines of zooplankton populations. However, little is known about the toxic effects and molecular mechanisms of P. lima or OA on zooplankton. Here, their toxic effects were investigated using the brine shrimp Artemia salina. Acute exposure of A. salina to P. lima resulted in lethality at concentrations 100-fold lower than densities observed during blooms. The first comprehensive results from global transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses in A. salina showed up-regulated mRNA expression of antioxidant enzymes and reduced non-enzyme antioxidants, indicating general detoxification responses to oxidative stress after exposure to P. lima. The significantly up-regulated mRNA expression of proteasome, spliceosome, and ribosome, as well as the increased fatty acid oxidation and oxidative phosphorylation suggested the proteolysis of damaged proteins and induction of energy expenditure. Exposure to OA increased catabolism of chitin, which may further disrupt the molting and reproduction activities of A. salina. Our data shed new insights on the molecular responses and toxicity mechanisms of A. salina to P. lima or OA. The simple zooplankton model integrated with omic methods provides a sensitive assessment approach for studying hazardous algae.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yufeng Gong
- School of Ocean Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin Campus, Panjin, Liaoning, China; Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Keke Zhang
- School of Ocean Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin Campus, Panjin, Liaoning, China
| | - Ningbo Geng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Sciences for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, China
| | - Minghuo Wu
- School of Ocean Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin Campus, Panjin, Liaoning, China
| | - Xianliang Yi
- School of Ocean Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin Campus, Panjin, Liaoning, China.
| | - Renyan Liu
- National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | | | - Garry Codling
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada; RECETOX Centre, Masaryk University, Kamenice, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Elvis Genbo Xu
- Department of Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - John P Giesy
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada; Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada; Department of Environmental Sciences, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA; State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|