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Domínguez A, Dadvand P, Cirach M, Arévalo G, Barril L, Foraster M, Gascon M, Raimbault B, Galmés T, Goméz-Herrera L, Persavento C, Samuelsson K, Lao J, Moreno T, Querol X, Jerrett M, Schwartz J, Tonne C, Nieuwenhuijsen MJ, Sunyer J, Basagaña X, Rivas I. Development of land use regression, dispersion, and hybrid models for prediction of outdoor air pollution exposure in Barcelona. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 954:176632. [PMID: 39362534 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.176632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2024] [Revised: 09/24/2024] [Accepted: 09/28/2024] [Indexed: 10/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Air pollution is the leading environmental risk factor for health. Assessing outdoor air pollution exposure with detailed spatial and temporal variability in urban areas is crucial for evaluating its health effects. AIM We developed and compared Land Use Regression (LUR), dispersion (DM), and hybrid (HM) models to estimate outdoor concentrations for NO2, PM2.5, black carbon (BC), and PM2.5-constituents (Fe, Cu, Zn) in Barcelona. METHODS Two monitoring campaigns were conducted. In the first, NO2 concentrations were measured twice at 984 home addresses and in the second, NO2, PM2.5, and BC were measured four times at 34 points across Barcelona. LUR and DM were constructed using conventional techniques, while HM was developed using Random Forest (RF). Model performance was evaluated using leave-one-out cross-validation (LOOCV) and 10-fold cross-validation (10-CV) for LUR and HM, and by comparing DM and LUR estimates with routine monitoring stations. NO2 levels estimated by all models were externally validated using the home monitoring campaign. Agreement between models was assessed using Spearman correlation (rs) and Bland-Altman (BA) plots. RESULTS Models showed moderate to good performance. LUR exhibited R2LOOCV of 0.62 (NO2), 0.45 (PM2.5), 0.83 (BC), and 0.85 to 0.89 (PM2.5-constituents). DM model comparison showed R2 values of 0.39 (NO2), 0.26 (PM2.5), and 0.65 (BC). HM models had higher R210-CV 0.64 (NO2), 0.66 (PM2.5), 0.86 (BC), and 0.44 to 0.70 (PM2.5-constituents). Validation for NO2 showed R2 values of 0.56 (LUR), 0.44 (DM), and 0.64 (HM). Correlations between models varied from -0.38 to 0.92 for long-term exposure, and - 0.23 to 0.94 for short-term exposure. BA plots showed good agreement between models, especially for NO2 and BC. CONCLUSIONS Our models varied substantially, with some models performing better in validation samples (NO2 and BC). Future health studies should use the most accurate methods to minimize bias from exposure measurement error.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan Domínguez
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Payam Dadvand
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Marta Cirach
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Maria Foraster
- Blanquerna School of Health Science, Universitat Ramon Llull (URL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mireia Gascon
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Unitat de Suport a la Recerca de la Catalunya Central, Fundació Institut Universitari per a la Recerca a l'Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), Manresa, Spain
| | - Bruno Raimbault
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Toni Galmés
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Goméz-Herrera
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Cecilia Persavento
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Karl Samuelsson
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain; Department of Building Engineering, Energy Systems and Sustainability Science, Faculty of Engineering and Sustainability Science, University of Gävle, Gävle, Sweden
| | - Jose Lao
- Barcelona Regional, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Teresa Moreno
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier Querol
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Michael Jerrett
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Joel Schwartz
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Cathryn Tonne
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Mark J Nieuwenhuijsen
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jordi Sunyer
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Xavier Basagaña
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ioar Rivas
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
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Guyatt AL, Cai YS, Doiron D, Tobin MD, Hansell AL. Air pollution, lung function and mortality: survival and mediation analyses in UK Biobank. ERJ Open Res 2024; 10:00093-2024. [PMID: 38686181 PMCID: PMC11057504 DOI: 10.1183/23120541.00093-2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Air pollution is associated with lower lung function, and both are associated with premature mortality and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Evidence remains scarce on the potential mediating effect of impaired lung function on the association between air pollution and mortality or CVD. Methods We used data from UK Biobank (n∼200 000 individuals) with 8-year follow-up to mortality and incident CVD. Exposures to particulate matter <10 µm (PM10), particulate matter <2.5 µm (PM2.5) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) were assessed by land-use regression modelling. Lung function (forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC) and the FEV1/FVC ratio) was measured between 2006 and 2010 and transformed to Global Lung Function Initiative (GLI) z-scores. Adjusted Cox proportional hazards and causal proportional hazards mediation analysis models were fitted, stratified by smoking status. Results Lower FEV1 and FVC were associated with all-cause and CVD mortality, and incident CVD, with larger estimates in ever- than never-smokers (all-cause mortality hazard ratio per FEV1 GLI z-score decrease 1.29 (95% CI 1.24-1.34) for ever-smokers and 1.16 (95% CI 1.12-1.21) for never-smokers). Long-term exposure to PM2.5 or NO2 was associated with incident CVD, with similar effect sizes for ever- and never-smokers. Mediated proportions of the air pollution-all-cause mortality estimates driven by FEV1 were 18% (95% CI 2-33%) for PM2.5 and 27% (95% CI 3-51%) for NO2. Corresponding mediated proportions for incident CVD were 9% (95% CI 4-13%) for PM2.5 and 16% (95% CI 6-25%) for NO2. Conclusions Lung function may mediate a modest proportion of associations between air pollution and mortality and CVD outcomes. Results likely reflect the extent of either shared mechanisms or direct effects relating to lower lung function caused by air pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna L. Guyatt
- Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- These authors are joint first authors
| | - Yutong Samuel Cai
- Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- Centre for Environmental Health and Sustainability, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- National Institute for Health and Care Research Health Protection Research Unit in Environmental Exposures and Health, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- National Institute for Health and Care Research Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Research & Innovation, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, UK
- These authors are joint first authors
| | - Dany Doiron
- Respiratory Epidemiology and Clinical Research Unit, Research Institute of the McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Martin D. Tobin
- Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- National Institute for Health and Care Research Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Research & Innovation, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Anna L. Hansell
- Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- Centre for Environmental Health and Sustainability, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- National Institute for Health and Care Research Health Protection Research Unit in Environmental Exposures and Health, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- National Institute for Health and Care Research Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Research & Innovation, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, UK
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Chen HW, Chen CY, Lin GY. Impact assessment of spatial-temporal distribution of riverine dust on air quality using remote sensing data and numerical modeling. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:16048-16065. [PMID: 38308783 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32226-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
Soil erosion is a severe problem in Taiwan due to the steep terrain, fragile geology, and extreme climatic events resulting from global warming. Due to the rapidly changing hydrological conditions affecting the locations and the amount of transported sand and fine particles, timely impact evaluation and riverine dust control are difficult, particularly when resources are limited. To comprehend the impact of desertification in estuarine areas on the variation of air pollutant concentrations, this study utilized remote sensing technology coupled with an air pollutant dispersion model to determine the unit contribution of potential pollution sources and quantify the effect of riverine dust on air quality. The images of the downstream area of the Beinan River basin captured by Formosat-2 in May 2006 were used to analyze land use and land cover (LULC) composition. Subsequently, the diffusion model ISCST-3 based on Gaussian distribution was utilized to simulate the transport of PM across the study area. Finally, a mixed-integer programming model was developed to optimize resource allocation for dust control. Results reveal that sand deposition in specific river sections significantly influences regional air quality, owing to the unique local topography and wind field conditions. The present optimal plan model for regional air quality control further showed that after implementing engineering measures including water cover, revegetation, armouring cover, and revegetation, total PM concentrations would be reduced by 51%. The contribution equivalent calculation, using the air pollution diffusion model, was effectively integrated into the optimization model to formulate a plan for reducing riverine dust with limited resources based on air quality requirements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho-Wen Chen
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tung-Hai University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Yuan Chen
- Department of Civil and Water Resources Engineering, National Chiayi University, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Guan-Yu Lin
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tung-Hai University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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Ma X, Zou B, Deng J, Gao J, Longley I, Xiao S, Guo B, Wu Y, Xu T, Xu X, Yang X, Wang X, Tan Z, Wang Y, Morawska L, Salmond J. A comprehensive review of the development of land use regression approaches for modeling spatiotemporal variations of ambient air pollution: A perspective from 2011 to 2023. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2024; 183:108430. [PMID: 38219544 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2024.108430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Land use regression (LUR) models are widely used in epidemiological and environmental studies to estimate humans' exposure to air pollution within urban areas. However, the early models, developed using linear regressions and data from fixed monitoring stations and passive sampling, were primarily designed to model traditional and criteria air pollutants and had limitations in capturing high-resolution spatiotemporal variations of air pollution. Over the past decade, there has been a notable development of multi-source observations from low-cost monitors, mobile monitoring, and satellites, in conjunction with the integration of advanced statistical methods and spatially and temporally dynamic predictors, which have facilitated significant expansion and advancement of LUR approaches. This paper reviews and synthesizes the recent advances in LUR approaches from the perspectives of the changes in air quality data acquisition, novel predictor variables, advances in model-developing approaches, improvements in validation methods, model transferability, and modeling software as reported in 155 LUR studies published between 2011 and 2023. We demonstrate that these developments have enabled LUR models to be developed for larger study areas and encompass a wider range of criteria and unregulated air pollutants. LUR models in the conventional spatial structure have been complemented by more complex spatiotemporal structures. Compared with linear models, advanced statistical methods yield better predictions when handling data with complex relationships and interactions. Finally, this study explores new developments, identifies potential pathways for further breakthroughs in LUR methodologies, and proposes future research directions. In this context, LUR approaches have the potential to make a significant contribution to future efforts to model the patterns of long- and short-term exposure of urban populations to air pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuying Ma
- College of Geomatics, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, China; College of Safety Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, China; International Laboratory for Air Quality and Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland 4000, Australia.
| | - Bin Zou
- School of Geosciences and Info-Physics, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China.
| | - Jun Deng
- College of Safety Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Coal Fire, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Jay Gao
- School of Environment, Faculty of Science, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - Ian Longley
- National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - Shun Xiao
- School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Bin Guo
- College of Geomatics, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Yarui Wu
- College of Geomatics, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Tingting Xu
- School of Software Engineering, Chongqing University of Post and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, China
| | - Xin Xu
- Xi'an Institute for Innovative Earth Environment Research, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Xiaosha Yang
- Shandong Nova Fitness Co., Ltd., Baoji, Shaanxi 722404, China
| | - Xiaoqi Wang
- College of Geomatics, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Zelei Tan
- College of Geomatics, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Yifan Wang
- College of Geomatics, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Lidia Morawska
- International Laboratory for Air Quality and Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland 4000, Australia.
| | - Jennifer Salmond
- School of Environment, Faculty of Science, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
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Rodriguez-Villamizar LA, Rojas Y, Grisales S, Mangones SC, Cáceres JJ, Agudelo-Castañeda DM, Herrera V, Marín D, Jiménez JGP, Belalcázar-Ceron LC, Rojas-Sánchez OA, Ochoa Villegas J, López L, Rojas OM, Vicini MC, Salas W, Orrego AZ, Castillo M, Sáenz H, Hernández LÁ, Weichenthal S, Baumgartner J, Rojas NY. Intra-urban variability of long-term exposure to PM 2.5 and NO 2 in five cities in Colombia. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:3207-3221. [PMID: 38087152 PMCID: PMC10791881 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-31306-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Rapidly urbanizing cities in Latin America experience high levels of air pollution which are known risk factors for population health. However, the estimates of long-term exposure to air pollution are scarce in the region. We developed intraurban land use regression (LUR) models to map long-term exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) in the five largest cities in Colombia. We conducted air pollution measurement campaigns using gravimetric PM2.5 and passive NO2 sensors for 2 weeks during both the dry and rainy seasons in 2021 in the cities of Barranquilla, Bucaramanga, Bogotá, Cali, and Medellín, and combined these data with geospatial and meteorological variables. Annual models were developed using multivariable spatial regression models. The city annual PM2.5 mean concentrations measured ranged between 12.32 and 15.99 µg/m3 while NO2 concentrations ranged between 24.92 and 49.15 µg/m3. The PM2.5 annual models explained 82% of the variance (R2) in Medellín, 77% in Bucaramanga, 73% in Barranquilla, 70% in Cali, and 44% in Bogotá. The NO2 models explained 65% of the variance in Bucaramanga, 57% in Medellín, 44% in Cali, 40% in Bogotá, and 30% in Barranquilla. Most of the predictor variables included in the models were a combination of specific land use characteristics and roadway variables. Cross-validation suggests that PM2.5 outperformed NO2 models. The developed models can be used as exposure estimate in epidemiological studies, as input in hybrid models to improve personal exposure assessment, and for policy evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yurley Rojas
- Escuela de Ingeniería Civil, Industrial de Santander, Carrera 27 Calle 9 Ciudad Universitaria, Bucaramanga, Colombia
| | - Sara Grisales
- Facultad Nacional de Salud Pública, Universidad de Antioquia, Calle 62 52-59, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Sonia C Mangones
- Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Carrera 45 26-85 Edificio 401, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Jhon J Cáceres
- Escuela de Ingeniería Civil, Industrial de Santander, Carrera 27 Calle 9 Ciudad Universitaria, Bucaramanga, Colombia
| | - Dayana M Agudelo-Castañeda
- Departamento de Ingeniería Civil y Ambiental, Universidad del Norte, Km 5 Vía Puerto Colombia, Barranquilla, Colombia
| | - Víctor Herrera
- Departamento de Salud Pública, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Carrera 32 29-31, Bucaramanga, Colombia
- Facultad de Ciencias de La Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga, Calle 157 15-55 El Bosque, Floridablanca, Colombia
| | - Diana Marín
- Escuela de Medicina, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Calle 78B 72ª-159, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Juan G Piñeros Jiménez
- Facultad Nacional de Salud Pública, Universidad de Antioquia, Calle 62 52-59, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Luis C Belalcázar-Ceron
- Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Carrera 45 26-85 Edificio 401, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Oscar Alberto Rojas-Sánchez
- División de Investigación en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Avenida Calle 26 51-20, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Jonathan Ochoa Villegas
- Facultad de Ingenierías, Universidad San Buenaventura, Carrera 56C 51-110, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Leandro López
- Departamento de Salud Pública, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Carrera 32 29-31, Bucaramanga, Colombia
| | - Oscar Mauricio Rojas
- Área Metropolitana de Bucaramanga, Calle 89 Transveral Oriental Metropolitana, Bucaramanga, Colombia
| | - María C Vicini
- Corporación Para La Defensa de La Meseta de Bucaramanga, Carrera 23 37-63, Bucaramanga, Colombia
| | - Wilson Salas
- Departamento Administrativo de Gestión del Medio Ambiente, Alcaldía de Santiago de Cali, Avenida 5AN 20-08, Cali, Colombia
| | - Ana Zuleima Orrego
- Área Metropolitana del Valle de Aburrá, Carrera 53 40ª-31, Medellín, Colombia
| | | | - Hugo Sáenz
- Secretaría Distrital de Ambiente, Alcaldía de Bogotá, Avenida Caracas 54-38, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Luis Álvaro Hernández
- Secretaría Distrital de Ambiente, Alcaldía de Bogotá, Avenida Caracas 54-38, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Scott Weichenthal
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics & Occupational Health, McGill University, 2001 McGill College Avenue, Montreal, Canada
| | - Jill Baumgartner
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics & Occupational Health, McGill University, 2001 McGill College Avenue, Montreal, Canada
| | - Néstor Y Rojas
- Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Carrera 45 26-85 Edificio 401, Bogotá, Colombia
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Qi W, Mei Z, Sun Z, Lin C, Lin J, Li J, Ji JS, Zheng Y. Exposure to Multiple Air Pollutants and the Risk of Fractures: A Large Prospective Population-Based Study. J Bone Miner Res 2023; 38:1549-1559. [PMID: 37341992 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.4872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
Atmospheric chemistry studies suggest air pollution impedes ultraviolet B photons and thus reduces cutaneous vitamin D3 synthesis. Biological evidence shows that inhaled pollutants disrupt circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) metabolism and ultimately impact bone health. The hypothesis is that higher air pollution concentrations are associated with a higher risk of fractures, mediated by lower circulating 25(OH)D. The study included participants of the UK Biobank who were free of fracture history at enrollment (2006 to 2010) and analyzed their environmental exposure data (2007 to 2010). Air pollution measurements included the annual averages of air particulate matter (PM2.5 , PM2.5-10 , and PM10 ), nitrogen oxides (NO2 and NOx ), and a composite air pollution score. Multivariable Cox proportional hazard models were used to assess the associations of the individual pollutants and the score with fracture risks. Mediation analyses were conducted to assess the underlying role of serum 25(OH)D in such associations. Among 446,395 participants with a median of 8-year follow-up, 12,288 incident fractures were documented. Participants living in places with the highest quintile of air pollution score had a 15.3% increased risk of fractures (hazard ratio [95%CI]: 1.15[1.09,1.22]) compared to those in the lowest, and 5.49% of this association was mediated through serum 25(OH)D (pmediation < 0.05). Pollutant-specific hazard of top-to-bottom quintiles was 16% for PM2.5 , 4% for PM2.5-10 , 5% for PM10 , 20% for NO2 , and 17% for NOx , with a 4% to 6% mediation effect of serum 25(OH)D concentrations. The associations of the air pollution score with fracture risks were weaker among female participants, those who drank less alcohol, and consumed more fresh fruit than their counterparts (pinteraction < 0.05). © 2023 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhao Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences and Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhendong Mei
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences and Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhonghan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences and Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chenhao Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences and Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinran Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences and Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jialin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences and Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - John S Ji
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences and Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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7
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Alli AS, Clark SN, Wang J, Bennett J, Hughes AF, Ezzati M, Brauer M, Nimo J, Bedford-Moses J, Baah S, Cavanaugh A, Agyei-Mensah S, Owusu G, Baumgartner J, Arku RE. High-resolution patterns and inequalities in ambient fine particle mass (PM 2.5) and black carbon (BC) in the Greater Accra Metropolis, Ghana. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 875:162582. [PMID: 36870487 PMCID: PMC10131145 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Growing cities in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) experience high levels of ambient air pollution. However, sparse long-term city-wide air pollution exposure data limits policy mitigation efforts and assessment of the health and climate effects. In the first study of its kind in West Africa, we developed high resolution spatiotemporal land use regression (LUR) models to map fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and black carbon (BC) concentrations in the Greater Accra Metropolitan Area (GAMA), one of the fastest sprawling metropolises in SSA. We conducted a one-year measurement campaign covering 146 sites and combined these data with geospatial and meteorological predictors to develop separate Harmattan and non-Harmattan season PM2.5 and BC models at 100 m resolution. The final models were selected with a forward stepwise procedure and performance was evaluated with 10-fold cross-validation. Model predictions were overlayed with the most recent census data to estimate the population distribution of exposure and socioeconomic inequalities in exposure at the census enumeration area level. The fixed effects components of the models explained 48-69 % and 63-71 % of the variance in PM2.5 and BC concentrations, respectively. Spatial variables related to road traffic and vegetation explained the most variability in the non-Harmattan models, while temporal variables were dominant in the Harmattan models. The entire GAMA population is exposed to PM2.5 levels above the World Health Organization guideline, including even the Interim Target 3 (15 μg/m3), with the highest exposures in poorer neighborhoods. The models can be used to support air pollution mitigation policies, health, and climate impact assessments. The measurement and modelling approach used in this study can be adapted to other African cities to bridge the air pollution data gap in the region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abosede S Alli
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, USA
| | - Sierra N Clark
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK; MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Jiayuan Wang
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, USA
| | - James Bennett
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK; MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | | | - Majid Ezzati
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK; MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK; Regional Institute for Population Studies, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Michael Brauer
- School of Population and Public Health, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - James Nimo
- Department of Physics, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | | | - Solomon Baah
- Department of Physics, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | | | - Samuel Agyei-Mensah
- Department of Geography and Resource Development, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - George Owusu
- Institute of Statistical, Social & Economic Research, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Jill Baumgartner
- Institute for Health and Social Policy, McGill University, Montreal, Canada; Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Raphael E Arku
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, USA.
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8
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Yuan X, An T, Hu B, Zhou J. Analysis of spatial distribution characteristics and main influencing factors of heavy metals in road dust of Tianjin based on land use regression models. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:837-848. [PMID: 35904743 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-22151-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Land use regression (LUR) models are mainly used for the simulation and prediction of conventional atmospheric pollutants. Whether the LUR models can be expanded to study more toxic and hazardous pollutants (such as heavy metals) remains to be verified. Combined with the factors of road, land use type, population, pollution enterprise, meteorology, and terrain, the LUR models were used to simulate the spatial distribution characteristics of heavy metals in road dust and determine the main influencing factors. Samples of road surface dust were collected from 144 evenly distributed points in Tianjin, China, with 108 modelling points and 36 verification points. The R2 values of the LUR models of Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, and Pb contents were 0.301, 0.412, 0.399, 0.496, and 0.377, and their error rates were 2.72%, 4.96%, 4.64%, 8.91%, and 4.94%, respectively. The error rates of the kriging interpolation models were 3.33%, 6.50%, 5.14%, 18.30%, and 22.87%, which were all greater than those of the LUR models. The estimation effect of the LUR models was more refined than that of the kriging interpolation models. The contents of most heavy metals (except Ni) in road dust of the central area in Tianjin were generally higher than those of the surrounding areas. The heavy metal contents in road dust of Tianjin were mainly affected by road variables and meteorological variables. The LUR models were suitable for small-scale spatial prediction of heavy metals in urban road dust within urban areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuesong Yuan
- School of Geographic and Environmental Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, A 304, Boli Building, 393 Binshui West Road, Tianjin, 300387, China
| | - Tongtong An
- School of Geographic and Environmental Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, A 304, Boli Building, 393 Binshui West Road, Tianjin, 300387, China
| | - Beibei Hu
- School of Geographic and Environmental Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, A 304, Boli Building, 393 Binshui West Road, Tianjin, 300387, China.
| | - Jun Zhou
- School of Geographic and Environmental Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, A 304, Boli Building, 393 Binshui West Road, Tianjin, 300387, China
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9
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Ma X, Gao J, Longley I, Zou B, Guo B, Xu X, Salmond J. Development of transferable neighborhood land use regression models for predicting intra-urban ambient nitrogen dioxide (NO 2) spatial variations. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:45903-45918. [PMID: 35150420 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-19141-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Land use regression (LUR) models have been extensively used to predict air pollution exposure in epidemiological and environmental studies. The lack of dense routine monitoring networks in big cities places increased emphasis on the need for LUR models to be developed using purpose-designed neighborhood-scale monitoring data. However, the unsatisfactory model transferability limits these neighborhood LUR models to be then applied to other intra-urban areas in predicting air pollution exposure. In this study, we tackled this issue by proposing a method to develop transferable neighborhood NO2 LUR models with comparable predictive power based on only micro-scale predictor variables for modeling intra-urban ambient air pollution exposure. Taking Auckland metropolis, New Zealand, as a case study, the proposed method was applied to three neighborhoods (urban, central business district, and dominion road) and compared with the corresponding counterpart models developed using pools of (a) only macro-scale predictor variables and (b) a mixture of both micro- and macro-scale predictor variables (traditional method). The results showed that the models using only macro-scale variables achieved the lowest accuracy (R2: 0.388-0.484) and had the worst direct (R2: 0.0001-0.349) and indirect transferability (R2: 0.07-0.352). Those models using the traditional method had the highest model fitting R2 (0.629-0.966) with lower cross-validation R2 (0.495-0.941) and slightly better direct transferability (R2: 0.0003-0.386) but suffered poor model interpretability when indirectly transferred to new locations. Our proposed models had comparable model fitting R2 (0.601-0.966) and the best cross-validation R2 (0.514-0.941). They also had the strongest direct transferability (R2: 0.006-0.590) and moderate-to-good indirect transferability (R2: 0.072-0.850) with much better model interpretability. This study advances our knowledge of developing transferable LUR models for the very first time from the perspective of the scale of the predictor variables used in the model development and will significantly benefit the wider application of LUR approaches in epidemiological and environmental studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuying Ma
- College of Geomatics, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, 710054, China
| | - Jay Gao
- School of Environment, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
| | - Ian Longley
- National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research, Auckland, 1010, New Zealand
| | - Bin Zou
- School of Geosciences and Info-Physics, Central South University, No. 932, South Lushan Road, Yuelu District, Changsha, 410083, Hunan, China.
| | - Bin Guo
- College of Geomatics, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, 710054, China
| | - Xin Xu
- Xi'an Institute for Innovative Earth Environment Research, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Jennifer Salmond
- School of Environment, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
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10
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Binter AC, Bernard JY, Mon-Williams M, Andiarena A, González-Safont L, Vafeiadi M, Lepeule J, Soler-Blasco R, Alonso L, Kampouri M, Mceachan R, Santa-Marina L, Wright J, Chatzi L, Sunyer J, Philippat C, Nieuwenhuijsen M, Vrijheid M, Guxens M. Urban environment and cognitive and motor function in children from four European birth cohorts. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2022; 158:106933. [PMID: 34662798 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The urban environment may influence neurodevelopment from conception onwards, but there is no evaluation of the impact of multiple groups of exposures simultaneously. We investigated the association between early-life urban environment and cognitive and motor function in children. METHODS We used data from 5403 mother-child pairs from four population-based birth-cohorts (UK, France, Spain, and Greece). We estimated thirteen urban home exposures during pregnancy and childhood, including: built environment, natural spaces, and air pollution. Verbal, non-verbal, gross motor, and fine motor functions were assessed using validated tests at five years old. We ran adjusted multi-exposure models using the Deletion-Substitution-Addition algorithm. RESULTS Higher greenness exposure within 300 m during pregnancy was associated with higher verbal abilities (1.5 points (95% confidence interval 0.4, 2.7) per 0.20 unit increase in greenness). Higher connectivity density within 100 m and land use diversity during pregnancy were related to lower verbal abilities. Childhood exposure to PM2.5 mediated 74% of the association between greenness during childhood and verbal abilities. Higher exposure to PM2.5 during pregnancy was related to lower fine motor function (-1.2 points (-2.1, -0.4) per 3.2 μg/m3 increase in PM2.5). No associations were found with non-verbal abilities and gross motor function. DISCUSSION This study suggests that built environment, greenness, and air pollution may impact child cognitive and motor function at five years old. This study adds evidence that well-designed urban planning may benefit children's cognitive and motor development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Claire Binter
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain
| | - Jonathan Y Bernard
- Université de Paris, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), Inserm, INRAE, F-75004 Paris, France; Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Mark Mon-Williams
- Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford, West Yorkshire, UK; School of Psychology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK; National Centre for Optics, Vision and Eye Care, University of South-Eastern Norway, Kongsberg, Norway
| | - Ainara Andiarena
- Faculty of Psychology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain; Biodonostia, Environmental Epidemiology and Child Development Group, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Llúcia González-Safont
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain; Epidemiology and Environmental Health Joint Research Unit, FISABIO -Universitat Jaume I -Universitat de Val ència, Valencia, Spain
| | - Marina Vafeiadi
- Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Johanna Lepeule
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, CNRS, Team of Environmental Epidemiology applied to Reproduction and Respiratory Health, Institute for Advanced Biosciences (IAB), Grenoble, France
| | - Raquel Soler-Blasco
- Epidemiology and Environmental Health Joint Research Unit, FISABIO -Universitat Jaume I -Universitat de Val ència, Valencia, Spain
| | - Lucia Alonso
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain
| | - Mariza Kampouri
- Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Crete, Greece; Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Rosie Mceachan
- Bradford Institute of Health Research, Bradford BD9 6RJ, United Kingdom
| | - Loreto Santa-Marina
- Epidemiology and Environmental Health Joint Research Unit, FISABIO -Universitat Jaume I -Universitat de Val ència, Valencia, Spain; Biodonostia, Epidemiology and Public Health Area, Environmental Epidemiology and Child Development Group, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain; Public Health Division of Gipuzkoa, Basque Government, 20013 San Sebastian, Spain
| | - John Wright
- Bradford Institute of Health Research, Bradford BD9 6RJ, United Kingdom
| | - Leda Chatzi
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, US
| | - Jordi Sunyer
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain; IMIM-Parc Salut Mar, Barcelona
| | - Claire Philippat
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, CNRS, Team of Environmental Epidemiology applied to Reproduction and Respiratory Health, Institute for Advanced Biosciences (IAB), Grenoble, France
| | - Mark Nieuwenhuijsen
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain
| | - Martine Vrijheid
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain
| | - Mònica Guxens
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
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11
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Garcia E, Stratakis N, Valvi D, Maitre L, Varo N, Aasvang GM, Andrusaityte S, Basagana X, Casas M, de Castro M, Fossati S, Grazuleviciene R, Heude B, Hoek G, Krog NH, McEachan R, Nieuwenhuijsen M, Roumeliotaki T, Slama R, Urquiza J, Vafeiadi M, Vos MB, Wright J, Conti DV, Berhane K, Vrijheid M, McConnell R, Chatzi L. Prenatal and childhood exposure to air pollution and traffic and the risk of liver injury in European children. Environ Epidemiol 2021; 5:e153. [PMID: 34131614 PMCID: PMC8196121 DOI: 10.1097/ee9.0000000000000153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is the most prevalent pediatric chronic liver disease. Experimental studies suggest effects of air pollution and traffic exposure on liver injury. We present the first large-scale human study to evaluate associations of prenatal and childhood air pollution and traffic exposure with liver injury. METHODS Study population included 1,102 children from the Human Early Life Exposome project. Established liver injury biomarkers, including alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, gamma-glutamyl transferase, and cytokeratin-18, were measured in serum between ages 6-10 years. Air pollutant exposures included nitrogen dioxide, particulate matter <10 μm (PM10), and <2.5 μm. Traffic measures included traffic density on nearest road, traffic load in 100-m buffer, and inverse distance to nearest road. Exposure assignments were made to residential address during pregnancy (prenatal) and residential and school addresses in year preceding follow-up (childhood). Childhood indoor air pollutant exposures were also examined. Generalized additive models were fitted adjusting for confounders. Interactions by sex and overweight/obese status were examined. RESULTS Prenatal and childhood exposures to air pollution and traffic were not associated with child liver injury biomarkers. There was a significant interaction between prenatal ambient PM10 and overweight/obese status for alanine aminotransferase, with stronger associations among children who were overweight/obese. There was no evidence of interaction with sex. CONCLUSION This study found no evidence for associations between prenatal or childhood air pollution or traffic exposure with liver injury biomarkers in children. Findings suggest PM10 associations maybe higher in children who are overweight/obese, consistent with the multiple-hits hypothesis for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Garcia
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Nikos Stratakis
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Damaskini Valvi
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Léa Maitre
- NA, ISGlobal, Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nerea Varo
- Clinical Biochemistry Department, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Gunn Marit Aasvang
- Department of Environmental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Sandra Andrusaityte
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Vytautas Magnus University, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Xavier Basagana
- NA, ISGlobal, Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maribel Casas
- NA, ISGlobal, Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Montserrat de Castro
- NA, ISGlobal, Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Serena Fossati
- NA, ISGlobal, Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Barbara Heude
- NA, Université de Paris, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Statistics (CRESS), INSERM, INRAE, Paris, France
| | - Gerard Hoek
- Department Population Health Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Norun Hjertager Krog
- Department of Environmental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Rosemary McEachan
- Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford, United Kingdom
| | - Mark Nieuwenhuijsen
- NA, ISGlobal, Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Theano Roumeliotaki
- Department of Social Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Rémy Slama
- Department of Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Diseases, Institute for Advanced Biosciences (IAB), INSERM U1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Jose Urquiza
- NA, ISGlobal, Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marina Vafeiadi
- Department of Social Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Miriam B. Vos
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | - John Wright
- Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford, United Kingdom
| | - David V. Conti
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Kiros Berhane
- Department of Biostatistics, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Martine Vrijheid
- NA, ISGlobal, Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rob McConnell
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Lida Chatzi
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
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12
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Shafran-Nathan R, Etzion Y, Broday DM. Fusion of land use regression modeling output and wireless distributed sensor network measurements into a high spatiotemporally-resolved NO 2 product. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 271:116334. [PMID: 33388684 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.116334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Land use regression modeling is a common method for assessing exposure to ambient pollutants, yet it suffers from very coarse temporal resolution. Wireless distributed sensor networks (WDSN) is a promising technology that can provide extremely high spatiotemporal pollutant patterns but is known to suffer from several limitations that put into question its data reliability. This study examines the advantages of fusing data from these two methods and obtaining high spatiotemporally-resolved product that can be used for exposure assessment. We demonstrate this approach by estimating nitrogen dioxide (NO2) concentrations at a sub-urban scale, with the study area limited by the deployment of the WDSN nodes. Specifically, hourly-resolved fused-data estimates were obtained by combining a stationary traffic-based land use regression (LUR) model with observations (15 min sampling frequency) made by an array of low-cost sensor nodes, with the sensors' readings mapped over the whole study area. Data fusion was performed by merging the two independent information products using a fuzzy logic approach. The performance of the fused product was examined against reference hourly observations at four air quality monitoring (AQM) stations situated within the study area, with the AQM data not used for the development of any of the underlying information layers. The mean hourly RMSE between the fused data product and the AQM records was 9.3 ppb, smaller than the RMSE of the two base products independently (LUR: 14.87 ppb, WDSN: 10.45 ppb). The normalized Moran's I of the fused product indicates that the data-fusion product reveals more realistic spatial patterns than those of the base products. The fused NO2 concentration product shows considerable spatial variability relative to that evident by interpolation of both the WDSN records and the AQM stations data, with significant non-random patterns in 74% of the study period.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yael Etzion
- Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Technion IIT, Haifa, 32000, Israel
| | - David M Broday
- Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Technion IIT, Haifa, 32000, Israel.
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13
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Chen J, de Hoogh K, Gulliver J, Hoffmann B, Hertel O, Ketzel M, Weinmayr G, Bauwelinck M, van Donkelaar A, Hvidtfeldt UA, Atkinson R, Janssen NAH, Martin RV, Samoli E, Andersen ZJ, Oftedal BM, Stafoggia M, Bellander T, Strak M, Wolf K, Vienneau D, Brunekreef B, Hoek G. Development of Europe-Wide Models for Particle Elemental Composition Using Supervised Linear Regression and Random Forest. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2020; 54:15698-15709. [PMID: 33237771 PMCID: PMC7745532 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c06595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
We developed Europe-wide models of long-term exposure to eight elements (copper, iron, potassium, nickel, sulfur, silicon, vanadium, and zinc) in particulate matter with diameter <2.5 μm (PM2.5) using standardized measurements for one-year periods between October 2008 and April 2011 in 19 study areas across Europe, with supervised linear regression (SLR) and random forest (RF) algorithms. Potential predictor variables were obtained from satellites, chemical transport models, land-use, traffic, and industrial point source databases to represent different sources. Overall model performance across Europe was moderate to good for all elements with hold-out-validation R-squared ranging from 0.41 to 0.90. RF consistently outperformed SLR. Models explained within-area variation much less than the overall variation, with similar performance for RF and SLR. Maps proved a useful additional model evaluation tool. Models differed substantially between elements regarding major predictor variables, broadly reflecting known sources. Agreement between the two algorithm predictions was generally high at the overall European level and varied substantially at the national level. Applying the two models in epidemiological studies could lead to different associations with health. If both between- and within-area exposure variability are exploited, RF may be preferred. If only within-area variability is used, both methods should be interpreted equally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Chen
- Institute
for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht
University, Postbus 80125, 3508 TC Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Kees de Hoogh
- Swiss
Tropical and Public Health Institute, Socinstrasse 57, 4051 Basel, Switzerland
- University
of Basel, Petersplatz
1, Postfach 4001 Basel, Switzerland
| | - John Gulliver
- Centre
for Environmental Health and Sustainability, School of Geography,
Geology and the Environment, University
of Leicester, University Road, LE1 7RH Leicester, U.K.
| | - Barbara Hoffmann
- Institute
for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Centre for Health
and Society, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine
University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Ole Hertel
- Department
of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, P.O. Box 358, Frederiksborgvej 399, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Matthias Ketzel
- Department
of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, P.O. Box 358, Frederiksborgvej 399, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark
- Global
Centre for Clean Air Research (GCARE), Department of Civil and Environmental
Engineering, University of Surrey, GU2 7XH Guildford, U.K.
| | - Gudrun Weinmayr
- Institute
of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, Ulm
University, Helmholtzstr.
22, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Mariska Bauwelinck
- Interface
Demography—Department of Sociology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Aaron van Donkelaar
- Department
of Physics and Atmospheric Science, Dalhousie
University, B3H 4R2 Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
- Department of Energy, Environmental &
Chemical Engineering, Washington University
in St. Louis, 63130 St. Louis, Missouri, United States
| | - Ulla A. Hvidtfeldt
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Strandboulevarden 49, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Nicole A. H. Janssen
- National Institute for Public Health and
the Environment (RIVM), P.O. Box 1, 3720 BA Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Randall V. Martin
- Department
of Physics and Atmospheric Science, Dalhousie
University, B3H 4R2 Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Strandboulevarden 49, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Atomic and Molecular Physics Division, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Cambridge, 60 Garden Street, 02138 Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Evangelia Samoli
- Department
of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias Str, 115 27 Athens, Greece
| | | | - Bente M. Oftedal
- Department of Environmental Health, Norwegian
Institute of Public Health, P.O. Box 4404 Nydalen, N-0403 Oslo, Norway
| | - Massimo Stafoggia
- Department of Epidemiology, Lazio Region
Health Service/ASL Roma 1, Via Cristoforo Colombo, 112, 00147 Rome, Italy
- Institute
of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska
Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tom Bellander
- Institute
of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska
Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Maciej Strak
- Institute
for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht
University, Postbus 80125, 3508 TC Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Atomic and Molecular Physics Division, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Cambridge, 60 Garden Street, 02138 Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Kathrin Wolf
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center
for Environmental Health (GmbH), Institute of Epidemiology, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Danielle Vienneau
- Swiss
Tropical and Public Health Institute, Socinstrasse 57, 4051 Basel, Switzerland
- University
of Basel, Petersplatz
1, Postfach 4001 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Bert Brunekreef
- Institute
for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht
University, Postbus 80125, 3508 TC Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary
Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Gerard Hoek
- Institute
for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht
University, Postbus 80125, 3508 TC Utrecht, The Netherlands
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14
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Zalzal J, Alameddine I, El-Fadel M, Weichenthal S, Hatzopoulou M. Drivers of seasonal and annual air pollution exposure in a complex urban environment with multiple source contributions. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2020; 192:415. [PMID: 32500382 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-020-08345-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Outdoor air pollution is a global health concern, but detailed exposure information is still limited for many parts of the world. In this study, high-resolution exposure surfaces were generated for annual and seasonal fine particulate matter (PM2.5), coarse particulate matter (PM10), and carbon monoxide (CO) for the Greater Beirut Area (GBA), Lebanon, an urban zone with a complex topography and multiple source contributions. Land use regression models (LUR) were calibrated and validated with monthly data collected from 58 locations between March 2017 and March 2018. The annual mean (±1 SD) concentrations of PM2.5, PM10, and CO across the monitoring locations were 68.1 (±15.7) μg/m3, 83.5 (±19.5) μg/m3, and 2.48 (±1.12) ppm, respectively. The coefficients of determination for LUR models ranged from 56 to 67% for PM2.5, 44 to 63% for the PM10 models, and 50 to 60% for the CO. LUR model structures varied significantly by season for both PM2.5 and PM10 but not for CO. Traffic emissions were consistently the main source of CO emissions throughout the year. The relative importance of industrial emissions and power generation sources towards predicted PM levels increased during the hot season while the contribution of the international airport diminished. Moreover, the complex topography of the study area along with the seasonal changes in the predominant wind directions affected the spatial predicted concentrations of all three pollutants. Overall, the predicted exposure surfaces were able to conserve the inter-pollution correlations determined from the field monitoring campaign, with the exception of the cold season. Our pollution surfaces suggest that the entire population of Beirut is regularly exposed to concentrations exceeding the World Health Organization (WHO) air quality standards for both PM2.5 and PM10.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jad Zalzal
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Maroun Semaan Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ibrahim Alameddine
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Maroun Semaan Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Mutasem El-Fadel
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Maroun Semaan Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Scott Weichenthal
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Marianne Hatzopoulou
- Department of Civil & Mineral Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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15
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Vrijheid M, Fossati S, Maitre L, Márquez S, Roumeliotaki T, Agier L, Andrusaityte S, Cadiou S, Casas M, de Castro M, Dedele A, Donaire-Gonzalez D, Grazuleviciene R, Haug LS, McEachan R, Meltzer HM, Papadopouplou E, Robinson O, Sakhi AK, Siroux V, Sunyer J, Schwarze PE, Tamayo-Uria I, Urquiza J, Vafeiadi M, Valentin A, Warembourg C, Wright J, Nieuwenhuijsen MJ, Thomsen C, Basagaña X, Slama R, Chatzi L. Early-Life Environmental Exposures and Childhood Obesity: An Exposome-Wide Approach. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2020; 128:67009. [PMID: 32579081 PMCID: PMC7313401 DOI: 10.1289/ehp5975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chemical and nonchemical environmental exposures are increasingly suspected to influence the development of obesity, especially during early life, but studies mostly consider single exposure groups. OBJECTIVES Our study aimed to systematically assess the association between a wide array of early-life environmental exposures and childhood obesity, using an exposome-wide approach. METHODS The HELIX (Human Early Life Exposome) study measured child body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, skinfold thickness, and body fat mass in 1,301 children from six European birth cohorts age 6-11 y. We estimated 77 prenatal exposures and 96 childhood exposures (cross-sectionally), including indoor and outdoor air pollutants, built environment, green spaces, tobacco smoking, and biomarkers of chemical pollutants (persistent organic pollutants, metals, phthalates, phenols, and pesticides). We used an exposure-wide association study (ExWAS) to screen all exposure-outcome associations independently and used the deletion-substitution-addition (DSA) variable selection algorithm to build a final multiexposure model. RESULTS The prevalence of overweight and obesity combined was 28.8%. Maternal smoking was the only prenatal exposure variable associated with higher child BMI (z-score increase of 0.28, 95% confidence interval: 0.09, 0.48, for active vs. no smoking). For childhood exposures, the multiexposure model identified particulate and nitrogen dioxide air pollution inside the home, urine cotinine levels indicative of secondhand smoke exposure, and residence in more densely populated areas and in areas with fewer facilities to be associated with increased child BMI. Child blood levels of copper and cesium were associated with higher BMI, and levels of organochlorine pollutants, cobalt, and molybdenum were associated with lower BMI. Similar results were found for the other adiposity outcomes. DISCUSSION This first comprehensive and systematic analysis of many suspected environmental obesogens strengthens evidence for an association of smoking, air pollution exposure, and characteristics of the built environment with childhood obesity risk. Cross-sectional biomarker results may suffer from reverse causality bias, whereby obesity status influenced the biomarker concentration. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP5975.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martine Vrijheid
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Serena Fossati
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Léa Maitre
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Sandra Márquez
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Theano Roumeliotaki
- Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Lydiane Agier
- Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Reproduction and Respiratory Health, INSERM, CNRS, University Grenoble Alpes, Institute for Advanced Biosciences (IAB), U1209 Joint Research Center, Grenoble, France
| | - Sandra Andrusaityte
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Vytautas Magnus University, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Solène Cadiou
- Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Reproduction and Respiratory Health, INSERM, CNRS, University Grenoble Alpes, Institute for Advanced Biosciences (IAB), U1209 Joint Research Center, Grenoble, France
| | - Maribel Casas
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Montserrat de Castro
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Audrius Dedele
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Vytautas Magnus University, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - David Donaire-Gonzalez
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - Line S Haug
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Rosemary McEachan
- Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford, UK
| | | | | | - Oliver Robinson
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | | | - Valerie Siroux
- Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Reproduction and Respiratory Health, INSERM, CNRS, University Grenoble Alpes, Institute for Advanced Biosciences (IAB), U1209 Joint Research Center, Grenoble, France
| | - Jordi Sunyer
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
| | | | - Ibon Tamayo-Uria
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
- Division of Immunology and Immunotherapy, CIMA, Universidad de Navarra, and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdISNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Jose Urquiza
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Marina Vafeiadi
- Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Antonia Valentin
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Charline Warembourg
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - John Wright
- Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford, UK
| | - Mark J Nieuwenhuijsen
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
| | | | - Xavier Basagaña
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Rémy Slama
- Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Reproduction and Respiratory Health, INSERM, CNRS, University Grenoble Alpes, Institute for Advanced Biosciences (IAB), U1209 Joint Research Center, Grenoble, France
| | - Leda Chatzi
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
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16
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Fossati S, Valvi D, Martinez D, Cirach M, Estarlich M, Fernández-Somoano A, Guxens M, Iñiguez C, Irizar A, Lertxundi A, Nieuwenhuijsen M, Tamayo I, Vioque J, Tardón A, Sunyer J, Vrijheid M. Prenatal air pollution exposure and growth and cardio-metabolic risk in preschoolers. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2020; 138:105619. [PMID: 32193046 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.105619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 01/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We investigated the association between outdoor air pollutants exposure in the first trimester of pregnancy, and growth and cardio-metabolic risk at four years of age, and evaluated the mediating role of birth weight. METHODS We included mother-child pairs (N = 1,724) from the Spanish INMA birth cohort established in 2003-2008. First trimester of pregnancy nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and fine particles (PM2.5) exposure levels were estimated. Height, weight, waist circumference, blood pressure, and lipids were measured at four years of age. Body mass index (BMI) trajectories from birth to four years were identified. RESULTS Increased PM2.5 exposure in the first trimester of pregnancy was associated with decreased z-scores of weight (zWeight) and BMI (zBMI) (zWeight change per interquartile range increase in PM2.5 exposure = -0.12; 95% CI: -0.23, -0.01; zBMI change = -0.12; 95% CI: -0.23, -0.01). Higher NO2 and PM2.5 exposure was associated to a reduced risk of being in a trajectory with accelerated BMI gain, compared to children with the average trajectory. Birth weight partially mediated the association between PM2.5 and zWeight and zBMI. PM2.5 and NO2 were not associated with the other cardio-metabolic risk factors. CONCLUSIONS This comprehensive study of many growth and cardio-metabolic risk related outcomes suggests that air pollution exposure during pregnancy may be associated with delays in physical growth in the early years after birth. These findings imply that pregnancy exposure to air pollutants has a lasting effect on growth after birth and require follow-up at later child ages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Fossati
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain.
| | - Damaskini Valvi
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - David Martinez
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Marta Cirach
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Marisa Estarlich
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain; Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Chiropody, University of Valencia; Epidemiology and Environmental Health Joint Research Unit, FISABIO-Universitat Jaume I-Universitat de València, Valencia, 46020, Spain
| | - Ana Fernández-Somoano
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain; IUOPA-Departamento de Medicina, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain; Institute of Health Research of the Principality of Asturias - Foundation for Biosanitary Research of Asturias (ISPA-FINBA), Oviedo, Spain
| | - Mònica Guxens
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus University Medical Centre-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Carmen Iñiguez
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain; Department of Statistics and Computational Research, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Amaia Irizar
- Biodonostia Health Research Institute, Donostia, Spain
| | - Aitana Lertxundi
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain; Biodonostia Health Research Institute, Donostia, Spain; Faculty of Medicine and Nursing of the University of the Basque Country, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Mark Nieuwenhuijsen
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Ibon Tamayo
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain; Division of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Cima, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdISNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Jesus Vioque
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain; Universidad Miguel Hernandez, ISABIAL-FISABIO, Alicante, Spain
| | - Adonina Tardón
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain; IUOPA-Departamento de Medicina, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain; Institute of Health Research of the Principality of Asturias - Foundation for Biosanitary Research of Asturias (ISPA-FINBA), Oviedo, Spain
| | - Jordi Sunyer
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Martine Vrijheid
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
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17
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Fuertes E, Sunyer J, Gehring U, Porta D, Forastiere F, Cesaroni G, Vrijheid M, Guxens M, Annesi-Maesano I, Slama R, Maier D, Kogevinas M, Bousquet J, Chatzi L, Lertxundi A, Basterrechea M, Esplugues A, Ferrero A, Wright J, Mason D, McEachan R, Garcia-Aymerich J, Jacquemin B. Associations between air pollution and pediatric eczema, rhinoconjunctivitis and asthma: A meta-analysis of European birth cohorts. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2020; 136:105474. [PMID: 31962272 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.105474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Uncertainly continues to exist regarding the role of air pollution on pediatric asthma and allergic conditions, especially as air pollution levels have started to decrease in recent decades. OBJECTIVE We examined associations of long-term air pollution levels at the home address with pediatric eczema, rhinoconjunctivitis and asthma prevalences in five birth cohorts (BIB, EDEN, GASPII, RHEA and INMA) from seven areas in five European countries. METHODS Current eczema, rhinoconjunctivitis and asthma were assessed in children aged four (N = 6527) and eight years (N = 2489). A multi-morbidity outcome (≥2 conditions versus none) was also defined. Individual outdoor levels of nitrogen dioxide (NO2), nitrogen oxides, mass of particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter <10 μm (PM10), 10-2.5 μm (PMcoarse) and <2.5 μm (PM2.5), and PM2.5 absorbance were assigned to the birth, four- and eight-year home addresses using highly defined spatial air pollution exposure models. Cohort-specific cross-sectional associations were assessed using logistic regression models adjusted for demographic and environmental covariates and combined in a random effects meta-analysis. RESULTS The overall prevalence of pediatric eczema, rhinoconjunctivitis and asthma at four years was 15.4%, 5.9% and 12.4%. We found no increase in the prevalence of these outcomes at four or eight years with increasing air pollution exposure. For example, the meta-analysis adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) for eczema, rhinoconjunctivitis and asthma at four years were 0.94 (0.81, 1.09), 0.90 (0.75, 1.09), and 0.91 (0.74, 1.11), respectively, per 10 μg/m3 increase in NO2 at the birth address, and 1.00 (0.81, 1.23), 0.70 (0.49, 1.00) and 0.88 (0.54, 1.45), respectively, per 5 μg/m3 increase in PM2.5 at the birth address. DISCUSSION In this large meta-analysis of five birth cohorts, we found no indication of adverse effects of long-term air pollution exposure on the prevalence of current pediatric eczema, rhinoconjunctivitis or asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaine Fuertes
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain.
| | - Jordi Sunyer
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain; IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ulrike Gehring
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Daniela Porta
- Department of Epidemiology, Lazio Regional Health Service, ASL Roma 1, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Forastiere
- Department of Epidemiology, Lazio Regional Health Service, ASL Roma 1, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Cesaroni
- Department of Epidemiology, Lazio Regional Health Service, ASL Roma 1, Rome, Italy
| | - Martine Vrijheid
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Mònica Guxens
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus University Medical Centre-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Isabella Annesi-Maesano
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Pierre Louis Institute of Epidemiology and Public Health, Epidemiology of Allergic and Respiratory Diseases Department (EPAR), Saint-Antoine Medical School, Paris, France
| | - Rémy Slama
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences (IAB), INSERM U1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Université Grenoble Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | | | - Manolis Kogevinas
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain; IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jean Bousquet
- Hopital Arnaud de Villeneuve University Hospital and Inserm, Montpellier, France
| | - Leda Chatzi
- Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Aitana Lertxundi
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain; Preventive Medicine and Public Health Department, University of Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Spain; Health Research Institute-BIODONOSTIA, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Mikel Basterrechea
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain; Health Research Institute-BIODONOSTIA, Basque Country, Spain; Public Health Division of Gipuzkoa, San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Ana Esplugues
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain; Epidemiology and Environmental Health Joint Research Unit, FISABIO-Universitat Jaume I-Universitat de València, 46020 València, Spain; Faculty of Nursing, University of Valencia, València, Spain
| | - Amparo Ferrero
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain; Epidemiology and Environmental Health Joint Research Unit, FISABIO-Universitat Jaume I-Universitat de València, 46020 València, Spain
| | - John Wright
- Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Royal Infirmary, Bradford, United Kingdom
| | - Dan Mason
- Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Royal Infirmary, Bradford, United Kingdom
| | - Rosie McEachan
- Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Royal Infirmary, Bradford, United Kingdom
| | - Judith Garcia-Aymerich
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Bénédicte Jacquemin
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain; INSERM, U1168, VIMA: Aging and Chronic Diseases, Epidemiological and Public Health Approaches, Villejuif, France; Université Versailles St-Quentin-en-Yvelines, UMR-S 1168, F-78180 Montigny le Bretonneux, France; Université Rennes, INSERM, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, F-35000 Rennes, France
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18
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O'Callaghan-Gordo C, Espinosa A, Valentin A, Tonne C, Pérez-Gómez B, Castaño-Vinyals G, Dierssen-Sotos T, Moreno-Iribas C, de Sanjose S, Fernandez-Tardón G, Vanaclocha-Espi M, Chirlaque MD, Cirach M, Aragonés N, Gómez-Acebo I, Ardanaz E, Moreno V, Pollan M, Bustamante M, Nieuwenhuijsen MJ, Kogevinas M. Green spaces, excess weight and obesity in Spain. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2020; 223:45-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2019.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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19
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Chen K, Schneider A, Cyrys J, Wolf K, Meisinger C, Heier M, von Scheidt W, Kuch B, Pitz M, Peters A, Breitner S. Hourly Exposure to Ultrafine Particle Metrics and the Onset of Myocardial Infarction in Augsburg, Germany. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2020; 128:17003. [PMID: 31939685 PMCID: PMC7015564 DOI: 10.1289/ehp5478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiological evidence on the health effects of ultrafine particles (UFP) remains insufficient to infer a causal relationship that is largely due to different size ranges and exposure metrics examined across studies. Moreover, evidence regarding the association between UFP and cardiovascular disease at a sub-daily timescale is lacking. OBJECTIVE We investigated the relationship between different particle metrics, including particle number (PNC), length (PLC), and surface area (PSC) concentrations, and myocardial infarction (MI) at an hourly timescale. METHODS We collected hourly air pollution and meteorological data from fixed urban background monitoring sites and hourly nonfatal MI cases from a MI registry in Augsburg, Germany, during 2005-2015. We conducted a time-stratified case-crossover analysis with conditional logistic regression to estimate the association between hourly particle metrics and MI cases, adjusted for air temperature and relative humidity. We also examined the independent effects of a certain particle metric in two-pollutant models by adjusting for copollutants, including particulate matter (PM) with an aerodynamic diameter of ≤10μm or 2.5μm (PM10 and PM2.5, respectively), nitrogen dioxide, ozone, and black carbon. RESULTS Overall, a total of 5,898 cases of nonfatal MI cases were recorded. Exploratory analyses showed similar associations across particle metrics in the first 6-12 h. For example, interquartile range increases in PNC within the size range of 10-100 nm, PLC, and PSC were associated with an increase of MI 6 h later by 3.27% [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.27, 6.37], 5.71% (95% CI: 1.79, 9.77), and 5.84% (95% CI: 1.04, 10.87), respectively. Positive, albeit imprecise, associations were observed for PNC within the size range of 10-30 nm and 100-500 nm. Effect estimates for PLC and PSC remained similar after adjustment for PM and gaseous pollutants. CONCLUSIONS Transient exposure to particle number, length, and surface area concentrations or other potentially related exposures may trigger the onset of nonfatal myocardial infraction. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP5478.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Chen
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München–German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Alexandra Schneider
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München–German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Josef Cyrys
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München–German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Kathrin Wolf
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München–German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Christa Meisinger
- UNIKA-T, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Augsburg, Germany
- Independent Research Group Clinical Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München–German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- MONICA/KORA Myocardial Infarction Registry, University Hospital of Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Margit Heier
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München–German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- KORA Study Centre, University Hospital of Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang von Scheidt
- Department of Internal Medicine I–Cardiology, University Hospital of Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Bernhard Kuch
- Department of Internal Medicine I–Cardiology, University Hospital of Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine/Cardiology, Hospital of Nördlingen, Nördlingen, Germany
| | - Mike Pitz
- Bavarian State Office for the Environment, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Annette Peters
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München–German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Research Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Munich, Germany
- Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry and Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Susanne Breitner
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München–German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry and Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
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Chen J, de Hoogh K, Gulliver J, Hoffmann B, Hertel O, Ketzel M, Bauwelinck M, van Donkelaar A, Hvidtfeldt UA, Katsouyanni K, Janssen NAH, Martin RV, Samoli E, Schwartz PE, Stafoggia M, Bellander T, Strak M, Wolf K, Vienneau D, Vermeulen R, Brunekreef B, Hoek G. A comparison of linear regression, regularization, and machine learning algorithms to develop Europe-wide spatial models of fine particles and nitrogen dioxide. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2019; 130:104934. [PMID: 31229871 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.104934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Empirical spatial air pollution models have been applied extensively to assess exposure in epidemiological studies with increasingly sophisticated and complex statistical algorithms beyond ordinary linear regression. However, different algorithms have rarely been compared in terms of their predictive ability. This study compared 16 algorithms to predict annual average fine particle (PM2.5) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) concentrations across Europe. The evaluated algorithms included linear stepwise regression, regularization techniques and machine learning methods. Air pollution models were developed based on the 2010 routine monitoring data from the AIRBASE dataset maintained by the European Environmental Agency (543 sites for PM2.5 and 2399 sites for NO2), using satellite observations, dispersion model estimates and land use variables as predictors. We compared the models by performing five-fold cross-validation (CV) and by external validation (EV) using annual average concentrations measured at 416 (PM2.5) and 1396 sites (NO2) from the ESCAPE study. We further assessed the correlations between predictions by each pair of algorithms at the ESCAPE sites. For PM2.5, the models performed similarly across algorithms with a mean CV R2 of 0.59 and a mean EV R2 of 0.53. Generalized boosted machine, random forest and bagging performed best (CV R2~0.63; EV R2 0.58-0.61), while backward stepwise linear regression, support vector regression and artificial neural network performed less well (CV R2 0.48-0.57; EV R2 0.39-0.46). Most of the PM2.5 model predictions at ESCAPE sites were highly correlated (R2 > 0.85, with the exception of predictions from the artificial neural network). For NO2, the models performed even more similarly across different algorithms, with CV R2s ranging from 0.57 to 0.62, and EV R2s ranging from 0.49 to 0.51. The predicted concentrations from all algorithms at ESCAPE sites were highly correlated (R2 > 0.9). For both pollutants, biases were low for all models except the artificial neural network. Dispersion model estimates and satellite observations were two of the most important predictors for PM2.5 models whilst dispersion model estimates and traffic variables were most important for NO2 models in all algorithms that allow assessment of the importance of variables. Different statistical algorithms performed similarly when modelling spatial variation in annual average air pollution concentrations using a large number of training sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Chen
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, Postbus 80125, 3508 TC, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
| | - Kees de Hoogh
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Socinstrasse 57, 4051 Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Petersplatz 1, Postfach 4001 Basel, Switzerland.
| | - John Gulliver
- Centre for Environmental Health and Sustainability, School of Geography, Geology and the Environment, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK.
| | - Barbara Hoffmann
- Institute for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Centre for Health and Society, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Ole Hertel
- Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, P.O. Box 358, Frederiksborgvej 399, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark.
| | - Matthias Ketzel
- Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, P.O. Box 358, Frederiksborgvej 399, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark; Global Centre for Clean Air Research (GCARE), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK.
| | - Mariska Bauwelinck
- Interface Demography, Department of Sociology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Aaron van Donkelaar
- Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science, Dalhousie University, B3H 4R2 Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.
| | - Ulla A Hvidtfeldt
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Strandboulevarden 49, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Klea Katsouyanni
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias Str, 115 27 Athens, Greece; Department Population Health Sciences and Department of Analytical, Environmental and Forensic Sciences, School of Population Health & Environmental Sciences, King's College Strand, London WC2R 2LS, UK.
| | - Nicole A H Janssen
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), PO Box 1, 3720 BA, Bilthoven, the Netherlands.
| | - Randall V Martin
- Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science, Dalhousie University, B3H 4R2 Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada; Atomic and Molecular Physics Division, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
| | - Evangelia Samoli
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias Str, 115 27 Athens, Greece.
| | - Per E Schwartz
- Division of Environmental Medicine, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, PO Box 4404 Nydalen, N-0403 Oslo, Norway.
| | - Massimo Stafoggia
- Department of Epidemiology, Lazio Region Health Service/ASL Roma 1, Via Cristoforo Colombo, 112, 00147, Rome, Italy; Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Tom Bellander
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Maciek Strak
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, Postbus 80125, 3508 TC, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
| | - Kathrin Wolf
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Institute of Epidemiology, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany.
| | - Danielle Vienneau
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Socinstrasse 57, 4051 Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Petersplatz 1, Postfach 4001 Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Roel Vermeulen
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, Postbus 80125, 3508 TC, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
| | - Bert Brunekreef
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, Postbus 80125, 3508 TC, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
| | - Gerard Hoek
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, Postbus 80125, 3508 TC, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
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21
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Klompmaker JO, Janssen NAH, Bloemsma LD, Gehring U, Wijga AH, van den Brink C, Lebret E, Brunekreef B, Hoek G. Associations of Combined Exposures to Surrounding Green, Air Pollution, and Road Traffic Noise with Cardiometabolic Diseases. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2019; 127:87003. [PMID: 31393793 PMCID: PMC6792364 DOI: 10.1289/ehp3857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Surrounding green, air pollution, and noise have been associated with cardiometabolic diseases, but most studies have assessed only one of these correlated exposures. OBJECTIVES We aimed to evaluate associations of combined exposures to green, air pollution, and road traffic noise with cardiometabolic diseases. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, we studied associations between self-reported physician-diagnosed diabetes, hypertension, heart attack, and stroke from a Dutch national health survey of 387,195 adults and residential surrounding green, annual average air pollutant concentrations [including particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter [Formula: see text] ([Formula: see text]), PM with aerodynamic diameter [Formula: see text] ([Formula: see text]), nitrogen dioxide ([Formula: see text]), and oxidative potential (OP) with the dithiothreitol (DTT) assay ([Formula: see text])] and road traffic noise. Logistic regression models were used to analyze confounding and interaction of surrounding green, air pollution, and noise exposure. RESULTS In single-exposure models, surrounding green was inversely associated with diabetes, while air pollutants ([Formula: see text], [Formula: see text]) and road traffic noise were positively associated with diabetes. In two-exposure analyses, associations with green and air pollution were attenuated but remained. The association between road traffic noise and diabetes was reduced to unity when adjusted for surrounding green or air pollution. Air pollution and surrounding green, but not road traffic noise, were associated with hypertension in single-exposure models. The weak inverse association of surrounding green with hypertension attenuated and lost significance when adjusted for air pollution. Only [Formula: see text] was associated with stroke and heart attack. CONCLUSIONS Studies including only one of the correlated exposures surrounding green, air pollution, and road traffic noise may overestimate the association of diabetes and hypertension attributed to the studied exposure. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP3857.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jochem O. Klompmaker
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, Netherlands
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Nicole A. H. Janssen
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, Netherlands
| | - Lizan D. Bloemsma
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, Netherlands
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Ulrike Gehring
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Alet H. Wijga
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, Netherlands
| | | | - Erik Lebret
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, Netherlands
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Bert Brunekreef
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Gerard Hoek
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
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22
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Clemente DBP, Vrijheid M, Martens DS, Bustamante M, Chatzi L, Danileviciute A, de Castro M, Grazuleviciene R, Gutzkow KB, Lepeule J, Maitre L, McEachan RRC, Robinson O, Schwarze PE, Tamayo I, Vafeiadi M, Wright J, Slama R, Nieuwenhuijsen M, Nawrot TS. Prenatal and Childhood Traffic-Related Air Pollution Exposure and Telomere Length in European Children: The HELIX Project. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2019; 127:87001. [PMID: 31393792 PMCID: PMC6792385 DOI: 10.1289/ehp4148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Telomere length is a molecular marker of biological aging. OBJECTIVE Here we investigated whether early-life exposure to residential air pollution was associated with leukocyte telomere length (LTL) at 8 y of age. METHODS In a multicenter European birth cohort study, HELIX (Human Early Life Exposome) ([Formula: see text]), we estimated prenatal and 1-y childhood exposure to nitrogen dioxide ([Formula: see text]), particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter [Formula: see text] ([Formula: see text]), and proximity to major roads. Average relative LTL was measured using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Effect estimates of the association between LTL and prenatal, 1-y childhood air pollution, and proximity to major roads were calculated using multiple linear mixed models with a random cohort effect and adjusted for relevant covariates. RESULTS LTL was inversely associated with prenatal and 1-y childhood [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] exposures levels. Each standard deviation (SD) increase in prenatal [Formula: see text] was associated with a [Formula: see text] (95% CI: [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text]) change in LTL. Prenatal [Formula: see text] was nonsignificantly associated with LTL ([Formula: see text] per SD increase; 95% CI: [Formula: see text], 0.6). For each SD increment in 1-y childhood [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] exposure, LTL shortened by [Formula: see text] (95% CI: [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text]) and [Formula: see text] (95% CI: [Formula: see text], 0.1), respectively. Each doubling in residential distance to nearest major road during childhood was associated with a 1.6% (95% CI: 0.02, 3.1) lengthening in LTL. CONCLUSION Lower exposures to air pollution during pregnancy and childhood were associated with longer telomeres in European children at 8 y of age. These results suggest that reductions in traffic-related air pollution may promote molecular longevity, as exemplified by telomere length, from early life onward. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP4148.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana B P Clemente
- ISGlobal, Institute for Global Health, Barcelona, Spain
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Martine Vrijheid
- ISGlobal, Institute for Global Health, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Dries S Martens
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Mariona Bustamante
- ISGlobal, Institute for Global Health, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Leda Chatzi
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Social Medicine, University of Crete, Crete, Greece
- NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Asta Danileviciute
- Department of Environmental Science, Vytauto Didziojo Universitetas, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Montserrat de Castro
- ISGlobal, Institute for Global Health, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Regina Grazuleviciene
- Department of Environmental Science, Vytauto Didziojo Universitetas, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | | | - Johanna Lepeule
- Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (Inserm) and Université Grenoble-Alpes, Institute for Advanced Biosciences (IAB), Team of Environmental Epidemiology applied to Reproduction and Respiratory Health, Grenoble, France
| | - Lea Maitre
- ISGlobal, Institute for Global Health, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosie R C McEachan
- Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Royal Infirmary, Bradford, UK
| | - Oliver Robinson
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | | | - Ibon Tamayo
- Department of Statistics, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Marina Vafeiadi
- Department of Social Medicine, University of Crete, Crete, Greece
| | - John Wright
- Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Royal Infirmary, Bradford, UK
| | - Rémy Slama
- Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (Inserm) and Université Grenoble-Alpes, Institute for Advanced Biosciences (IAB), Team of Environmental Epidemiology applied to Reproduction and Respiratory Health, Grenoble, France
| | - Mark Nieuwenhuijsen
- ISGlobal, Institute for Global Health, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Tim S Nawrot
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Unit Environment and Health, Leuven University, Leuven, Belgium
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23
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Distribution of PM2.5 Air Pollution in Mexico City: Spatial Analysis with Land-Use Regression Model. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/app9142936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the spatial distribution of PM2.5 air pollution in Mexico City from 37 personal exposures was modeled. Meteorological, demographic, geographic, and social data were also included. Geographic information systems (GIS), spatial analysis, and Land-Use Regression (LUR) were used to generate the final predictive model and the spatial distribution map which revealed two areas with very high concentrations (up to 109.3 µg/m3) and two more with lower concentrations (between 72 to 86.5 µg/m3) (p < 0.05). These results illustrate an overview trend of PM2.5 in relation to human activity during the studied periods in Mexico City and show a general approach to understanding the spatial variability of PM2.5.
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24
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Bowe B, Xie Y, Li T, Yan Y, Xian H, Al-Aly Z. Estimates of the 2016 global burden of kidney disease attributable to ambient fine particulate matter air pollution. BMJ Open 2019; 9:e022450. [PMID: 31072847 PMCID: PMC6528010 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-022450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To quantitate the 2016 global and national burden of chronic kidney disease (CKD) attributable to ambient fine particulate matter air pollution ≤ 2.5 μm in aerodynamic diameter (PM2.5). DESIGN We used the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study data and methodologies to estimate the 2016 burden of CKD attributable to PM2.5 in 194 countries and territories. Population-weighted PM2.5 levels and incident rates of CKD for each country were curated from the GBD study publicly available data sources. SETTING GBD global and national data on PM2.5 and CKD. PARTICIPANTS 194 countries and territories. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES We estimated the attributable burden of disease (ABD), years living with disability (YLD), years of life lost (YLL) and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs). RESULTS The 2016 global burden of incident CKD attributable to PM2.5 was 6 950 514 (95% uncertainty interval: 5 061 533-8 914 745). Global YLD, YLL and DALYs of CKD attributable to PM2.5 were 2 849 311 (1 875 219-3 983 941), 8 587 735 (6 355 784-10 772 239) and 11 445 397 (8 380 246-14 554 091), respectively. Age-standardised ABD, YLL, YLD and DALY rates varied substantially among geographies. Populations in Mesoamerica, Northern Africa, several countries in the Eastern Mediterranean region, Afghanistan, Pakistan, India and several countries in Southeast Asia were among those with highest age-standardised DALY rates. For example, age-standardised DALYs per 100 000 were 543.35 (391.16-707.96) in El Salvador, 455.29 (332.51-577.97) in Mexico, 408.41 (283.82-551.84) in Guatemala, 238.25 (173.90-303.98) in India and 178.26 (125.31-238.47) in Sri Lanka, compared with 5.52 (0.82-11.48) in Sweden, 6.46 (0.00-14.49) in Australia and 12.13 (4.95-21.82) in Canada. Frontier analyses showed that Mesoamerican countries had significantly higher CKD DALY rates relative to other countries with comparable sociodemographic development. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that the global toll of CKD attributable to ambient air pollution is significant and identify several endemic geographies where air pollution may be a significant driver of CKD burden. Air pollution may need to be considered in the discussion of the global epidemiology of CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Bowe
- Clinical Epidemiology Center, Research and Education Service, VA Saint Louis Health Care System, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Yan Xie
- Clinical Epidemiology Center, Research and Education Service, VA Saint Louis Health Care System, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Tingting Li
- Clinical Epidemiology Center, Research and Education Service, VA Saint Louis Health Care System, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Yan Yan
- Clinical Epidemiology Center, Research and Education Service, VA Saint Louis Health Care System, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Hong Xian
- Clinical Epidemiology Center, Research and Education Service, VA Saint Louis Health Care System, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College for Public Health and Social Justice, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Ziyad Al-Aly
- Clinical Epidemiology Center, Research and Education Service, VA Saint Louis Health Care System, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA
- Nephrology Section, Medicine Service, VA Saint Louis Health Care System, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- Institute for Public Health, Washington University in Saint Louis, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA
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25
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Zalzal J, Alameddine I, El Khoury C, Minet L, Shekarrizfard M, Weichenthal S, Hatzopoulou M. Assessing the transferability of landuse regression models for ultrafine particles across two Canadian cities. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 662:722-734. [PMID: 30703730 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.01.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Revised: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Land use regression (LUR) models have been increasingly used to predict intra-city variations in the concentrations of different air pollutants. However, limited research assessing the transferability of these models between cities has been published to date. In this study, LUR models were generated for Ultra-Fine Particles (UFP) (<0.1 um) using data collected from mobile monitoring campaigns in two Canadian cities, Montreal and Toronto. City-specific models were first generated for each city before the models were transferred to the second city with and without recalibration. The calibrated transferred models showed only a slight decrease in performance, with the coefficient of determination (R2), dropping from 0.49 to 0.36 for Toronto and from 0.41 to 0.38 for Montreal. Transferring models between cities with no calibration resulted in low R2; 0.11 in Toronto and 0.18 in Montreal. Moreover, two additional models were generated by combining data from the two cities. The first combined model (CM1) assumed a spatially invariant effect of the predictors, while the second (CM2) relaxed the assumption of spatial invariance for some of the model coefficients. The performance of both combined models (R2 ranged between 0.41 for CM1 and 0.43 for CM2; root mean squared error (RMSE) ranged between 0.34 for CM1 and 0.33 for CM2) was found to be on par with the Toronto city-specific model and outperformed the Montreal model. The results of this study highlight that the UFP LUR models appear to support transferability of model structures between cities with similar geographical characteristics, with a minor drop in model fit and predictive skill.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jad Zalzal
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ibrahim Alameddine
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Celine El Khoury
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Laura Minet
- Department of Civil & Mineral Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Maryam Shekarrizfard
- Department of Civil & Mineral Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Scott Weichenthal
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics & Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Marianne Hatzopoulou
- Department of Civil & Mineral Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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26
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Nieuwenhuijsen MJ, Agier L, Basagaña X, Urquiza J, Tamayo-Uria I, Giorgis-Allemand L, Robinson O, Siroux V, Maitre L, de Castro M, Valentin A, Donaire D, Dadvand P, Aasvang GM, Krog NH, Schwarze PE, Chatzi L, Grazuleviciene R, Andrusaityte S, Dedele A, McEachan R, Wright J, West J, Ibarluzea J, Ballester F, Vrijheid M, Slama R. Influence of the Urban Exposome on Birth Weight. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2019; 127:47007. [PMID: 31009264 PMCID: PMC6785228 DOI: 10.1289/ehp3971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Revised: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The exposome is defined as the totality of environmental exposures from conception onwards. It calls for providing a holistic view of environmental exposures and their effects on human health by evaluating multiple environmental exposures simultaneously during critical periods of life. OBJECTIVE We evaluated the association of the urban exposome with birth weight. METHODS We estimated exposure to the urban exposome, including the built environment, air pollution, road traffic noise, meteorology, natural space, and road traffic (corresponding to 24 environmental indicators and 60 exposures) for nearly 32,000 pregnant women from six European birth cohorts. To evaluate associations with either continuous birth weight or term low birth weight (TLBW) risk, we primarily relied on the Deletion-Substitution-Addition (DSA) algorithm, which is an extension of the stepwise variable selection method. Second, we used an exposure-by-exposure exposome-wide association studies (ExWAS) method accounting for multiple hypotheses testing to report associations not adjusted for coexposures. RESULTS The most consistent statistically significant associations were observed between increasing green space exposure estimated as Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and increased birth weight and decreased TLBW risk. Furthermore, we observed statistically significant associations among presence of public bus line, land use Shannon's Evenness Index, and traffic density and birth weight in our DSA analysis. CONCLUSION This investigation is the first large urban exposome study of birth weight that tests many environmental urban exposures. It confirmed previously reported associations for NDVI and generated new hypotheses for a number of built-environment exposures. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP3971.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark J. Nieuwenhuijsen
- ISGlobal (Institute for Global Health), Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Lydiane Agier
- Team of environmental epidemiology applied to reproduction and respiratory health, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (Inserm, National Institute of Health & Medical Research), Institute for Advanced Biosciences (IAB), CNRS, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Xavier Basagaña
- ISGlobal (Institute for Global Health), Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose Urquiza
- ISGlobal (Institute for Global Health), Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ibon Tamayo-Uria
- Department of Statistics, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Lise Giorgis-Allemand
- Team of environmental epidemiology applied to reproduction and respiratory health, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (Inserm, National Institute of Health & Medical Research), Institute for Advanced Biosciences (IAB), CNRS, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Oliver Robinson
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Valérie Siroux
- Team of environmental epidemiology applied to reproduction and respiratory health, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (Inserm, National Institute of Health & Medical Research), Institute for Advanced Biosciences (IAB), CNRS, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Léa Maitre
- ISGlobal (Institute for Global Health), Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Montserrat de Castro
- ISGlobal (Institute for Global Health), Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonia Valentin
- ISGlobal (Institute for Global Health), Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - David Donaire
- ISGlobal (Institute for Global Health), Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Payam Dadvand
- ISGlobal (Institute for Global Health), Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Leda Chatzi
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA
- Department of Social Medicine, University of Crete, Greece
- Department of Genetics & Cell Biology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | | | | | | | - Rosie McEachan
- Bradford Institute for Health Research Bradford, Bradford, UK
| | - John Wright
- Bradford Institute for Health Research Bradford, Bradford, UK
| | - Jane West
- Bradford Institute for Health Research Bradford, Bradford, UK
| | - Jesús Ibarluzea
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Faculty of Psychology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, San Sebastian, Basque Country, Spain
- Health Research Institute, BIODONOSTIA, San Sebastian, Basque Country, Spain
- Sub-Directorate for Public Health of Gipuzkoa, Department of Health, Government of the Basque Country, San Sebastian, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Ferran Ballester
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Nursing School, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
- Joint Research Unit of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, FISABIO–Universitat Jaume I–Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Martine Vrijheid
- ISGlobal (Institute for Global Health), Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Rémy Slama
- Team of environmental epidemiology applied to reproduction and respiratory health, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (Inserm, National Institute of Health & Medical Research), Institute for Advanced Biosciences (IAB), CNRS, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
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Turner MC, Gracia‐Lavedan E, Cirac M, Castaño‐Vinyals G, Malats N, Tardon A, Garcia‐Closas R, Serra C, Carrato A, Jones RR, Rothman N, Silverman DT, Kogevinas M. Ambient air pollution and incident bladder cancer risk: Updated analysis of the Spanish Bladder Cancer Study. Int J Cancer 2019; 145:894-900. [DOI: 10.1002/ijc.32136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Revised: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michelle C. Turner
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal) Barcelona Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF) Barcelona Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP) Madrid Spain
- McLaughlin Centre for Population Health Risk AssessmentUniversity of Ottawa Ottawa Canada
| | - Esther Gracia‐Lavedan
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal) Barcelona Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF) Barcelona Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP) Madrid Spain
| | - Marta Cirac
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal) Barcelona Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF) Barcelona Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP) Madrid Spain
| | - Gemma Castaño‐Vinyals
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal) Barcelona Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF) Barcelona Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP) Madrid Spain
- IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute) Barcelona Spain
| | - Núria Malats
- Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO) and CIBERONC Madrid Spain
| | - Adonina Tardon
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP) Madrid Spain
- IUOPA, Universidad de Oviedo Oviedo Spain
| | | | - Consol Serra
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF) Barcelona Spain
- Consorci Hospitalari Parc Tauli Sabadell Spain
| | - Alfredo Carrato
- Ramón y Cajal University Hospital, Alcalá University, IRYCIS, CIBERONC Madrid Spain
| | - Rena R. Jones
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and GeneticsNational Cancer Institute Bethesda MD
| | - Nathaniel Rothman
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and GeneticsNational Cancer Institute Bethesda MD
| | - Debra T. Silverman
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and GeneticsNational Cancer Institute Bethesda MD
| | - Manolis Kogevinas
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal) Barcelona Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF) Barcelona Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP) Madrid Spain
- IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute) Barcelona Spain
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28
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Sanchez M, Ambros A, Milà C, Salmon M, Balakrishnan K, Sambandam S, Sreekanth V, Marshall JD, Tonne C. Development of land-use regression models for fine particles and black carbon in peri-urban South India. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 634:77-86. [PMID: 29626773 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.03.308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Revised: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 03/24/2018] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Land-use regression (LUR) has been used to model local spatial variability of particulate matter in cities of high-income countries. Performance of LUR models is unknown in less urbanized areas of low-/middle-income countries (LMICs) experiencing complex sources of ambient air pollution and which typically have limited land use data. To address these concerns, we developed LUR models using satellite imagery (e.g., vegetation, urbanicity) and manually-collected data from a comprehensive built-environment survey (e.g., roads, industries, non-residential places) for a peri-urban area outside Hyderabad, India. As part of the CHAI (Cardiovascular Health effects of Air pollution in Telangana, India) project, concentrations of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and black carbon were measured over two seasons at 23 sites. Annual mean (sd) was 34.1 (3.2) μg/m3 for PM2.5 and 2.7 (0.5) μg/m3 for black carbon. The LUR model for annual black carbon explained 78% of total variance and included both local-scale (energy supply places) and regional-scale (roads) predictors. Explained variance was 58% for annual PM2.5 and the included predictors were only regional (urbanicity, vegetation). During leave-one-out cross-validation and cross-holdout validation, only the black carbon model showed consistent performance. The LUR model for black carbon explained a substantial proportion of the spatial variability that could not be captured by simpler interpolation technique (ordinary kriging). This is the first study to develop a LUR model for ambient concentrations of PM2.5 and black carbon in a non-urban area of LMICs, supporting the applicability of the LUR approach in such settings. Our results provide insights on the added value of manually-collected built-environment data to improve the performance of LUR models in settings with limited data availability. For both pollutants, LUR models predicted substantial within-village variability, an important feature for future epidemiological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaux Sanchez
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Albert Ambros
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carles Milà
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maëlle Salmon
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Kalpana Balakrishnan
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Sri Ramachandra University (SRU), Chennai, India
| | - Sankar Sambandam
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Sri Ramachandra University (SRU), Chennai, India
| | - V Sreekanth
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Julian D Marshall
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Cathryn Tonne
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain
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29
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O'Callaghan-Gordo C, Kogevinas M, Cirach M, Castaño-Vinyals G, Aragonés N, Delfrade J, Fernández-Villa T, Amiano P, Dierssen-Sotos T, Tardon A, Capelo R, Peiró-Perez R, Moreno V, Roca-Barceló A, Perez-Gomez B, Vidan J, Molina AJ, Oribe M, Gràcia-Lavedan E, Espinosa A, Valentin A, Pollán M, Nieuwenhuijsen MJ. Residential proximity to green spaces and breast cancer risk: The multicase-control study in Spain (MCC-Spain). Int J Hyg Environ Health 2018; 221:1097-1106. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2018.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2018] [Revised: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Kashima S, Yorifuji T, Sawada N, Nakaya T, Eboshida A. Comparison of land use regression models for NO 2 based on routine and campaign monitoring data from an urban area of Japan. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 631-632:1029-1037. [PMID: 29727929 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.02.334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2017] [Revised: 02/19/2018] [Accepted: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Typically, land use regression (LUR) models have been developed using campaign monitoring data rather than routine monitoring data. However, the latter have advantages such as low cost and long-term coverage. Based on the idea that LUR models representing regional differences in air pollution and regional road structures are optimal, the objective of this study was to evaluate the validity of LUR models for nitrogen dioxide (NO2) based on routine and campaign monitoring data obtained from an urban area. METHOD We selected the city of Suita in Osaka (Japan). We built a model based on routine monitoring data obtained from all sites (routine-LUR-All), and a model based on campaign monitoring data (campaign-LUR) within the city. Models based on routine monitoring data obtained from background sites (routine-LUR-BS) and based on data obtained from roadside sites (routine-LUR-RS) were also built. The routine LUR models were based on monitoring networks across two prefectures (i.e., Osaka and Hyogo prefectures). We calculated the predictability of the each model. We then compared the predicted NO2 concentrations from each model with measured annual average NO2 concentrations from evaluation sites. RESULTS The routine-LUR-All and routine-LUR-BS models both predicted NO2 concentrations well: adjusted R2=0.68 and 0.76, respectively, and root mean square error=3.4 and 2.1ppb, respectively. The predictions from the routine-LUR-All model were highly correlated with the measured NO2 concentrations at evaluation sites. Although the predicted NO2 concentrations from each model were correlated, the LUR models based on routine networks, and particularly those based on all monitoring sites, provided better visual representations of the local road conditions in the city. CONCLUSION The present study demonstrated that LUR models based on routine data could estimate local traffic-related air pollution in an urban area. The importance and usefulness of data from routine monitoring networks should be acknowledged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saori Kashima
- Department of Public Health and Health Policy, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-0037, Japan.
| | - Takashi Yorifuji
- Department of Human Ecology, Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, 3-1-1 Tsushima-naka, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Norie Sawada
- Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
| | - Tomoki Nakaya
- Department of Geography and Institute of Disaster Mitigation for Urban Cultural Heritage, Ritsumeikan University, 58 Komatsubara Kitamachi, Kita-Ku, Kyoto 603-8341, Japan
| | - Akira Eboshida
- Department of Public Health and Health Policy, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-0037, Japan
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31
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Robinson O, Tamayo I, de Castro M, Valentin A, Giorgis-Allemand L, Hjertager Krog N, Marit Aasvang G, Ambros A, Ballester F, Bird P, Chatzi L, Cirach M, Dėdelė A, Donaire-Gonzalez D, Gražuleviciene R, Iakovidis M, Ibarluzea J, Kampouri M, Lepeule J, Maitre L, McEachan R, Oftedal B, Siroux V, Slama R, Stephanou EG, Sunyer J, Urquiza J, Vegard Weyde K, Wright J, Vrijheid M, Nieuwenhuijsen M, Basagaña X. The Urban Exposome during Pregnancy and Its Socioeconomic Determinants. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2018; 126:077005. [PMID: 30024382 PMCID: PMC6108870 DOI: 10.1289/ehp2862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Revised: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 06/03/2018] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The urban exposome is the set of environmental factors that are experienced in the outdoor urban environment and that may influence child development. OBJECTIVE The authors' goal was to describe the urban exposome among European pregnant women and understand its socioeconomic determinants. METHODS Using geographic information systems, remote sensing and spatio-temporal modeling we estimated exposure during pregnancy to 28 environmental indicators in almost 30,000 women from six population-based birth cohorts, in nine urban areas from across Europe. Exposures included meteorological factors, air pollutants, traffic noise, traffic indicators, natural space, the built environment, public transport, facilities, and walkability. Socioeconomic position (SEP), assessed at both the area and individual level, was related to the exposome through an exposome-wide association study and principal component (PC) analysis. RESULTS Mean±standard deviation (SD) NO2 levels ranged from 13.6±5.1 μg/m3 (in Heraklion, Crete) to 43.2±11 μg/m3 (in Sabadell, Spain), mean±SD walkability score ranged from 0.22±0.04 (Kaunas, Lithuania) to 0.32±0.07 (Valencia, Spain) and mean±SD Normalized Difference Vegetation Index ranged from 0.21±0.05 in Heraklion to 0.51±0.1 in Oslo, Norway. Four PCs explained more than half of variation in the urban exposome. There was considerable heterogeneity in social patterning of the urban exposome across cities. For example, high-SEP (based on family education) women lived in greener, less noisy, and less polluted areas in Bradford, UK (0.39 higher PC1 score, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.31, 0.47), but the reverse was observed in Oslo (-0.57 PC1 score, 95% CI: -0.73, -0.41). For most cities, effects were stronger when SEP was assessed at the area level: In Bradford, women living in high SEP areas had a 1.34 higher average PC1 score (95% CI: 1.21, 1.48). CONCLUSIONS The urban exposome showed considerable variability across Europe. Pregnant women of low SEP were exposed to higher levels of environmental hazards in some cities, but not others, which may contribute to inequities in child health and development. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP2862.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Robinson
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, UK
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Ibon Tamayo
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Montserrat de Castro
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Antonia Valentin
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Lise Giorgis-Allemand
- Team of Environmental Epidemiology applied to Reproduction and Respiratory Health, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (Inserm), Institute for Advanced Biosciences (IAB), Inserm, CNRS, University Grenoble-Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | | | | | - Albert Ambros
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Ferran Ballester
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
- Epidemiology and Environmental Health Joint Research Unit, FISABIO–Universitat Jaume I–Universitat de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Pippa Bird
- Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (BTHFT), Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford, UK
| | - Leda Chatzi
- Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Genetics & Cell Biology, Faculty of Health, Medicine, and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Marta Cirach
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Audrius Dėdelė
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Vytautas Magnus University, Kaunus, Lithuania
| | - David Donaire-Gonzalez
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
| | | | - Minas Iakovidis
- Environmental Chemical Processes Laboratory (ECPL), Chemistry Department, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Jesus Ibarluzea
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
- Health Research Institute (BIODONOSTIA), San Sebastian, Spain
- School of Psychology, University of the Basque Country, San Sebastián, Spain
- Public Health Department, Basque Government, San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Mariza Kampouri
- Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Johanna Lepeule
- Team of Environmental Epidemiology applied to Reproduction and Respiratory Health, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (Inserm), Institute for Advanced Biosciences (IAB), Inserm, CNRS, University Grenoble-Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Léa Maitre
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Rosie McEachan
- Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (BTHFT), Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford, UK
| | - Bente Oftedal
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health (NIPH), Oslo, Norway
| | - Valerie Siroux
- Team of Environmental Epidemiology applied to Reproduction and Respiratory Health, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (Inserm), Institute for Advanced Biosciences (IAB), Inserm, CNRS, University Grenoble-Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Remy Slama
- Team of Environmental Epidemiology applied to Reproduction and Respiratory Health, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (Inserm), Institute for Advanced Biosciences (IAB), Inserm, CNRS, University Grenoble-Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Euripides G Stephanou
- Environmental Chemical Processes Laboratory (ECPL), Chemistry Department, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Jordi Sunyer
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Jose Urquiza
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
| | | | - John Wright
- Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (BTHFT), Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford, UK
| | - Martine Vrijheid
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Mark Nieuwenhuijsen
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Xavier Basagaña
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
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Havet A, Zerimech F, Sanchez M, Siroux V, Le Moual N, Brunekreef B, Stempfelet M, Künzli N, Jacquemin B, Matran R, Nadif R. Outdoor air pollution, exhaled 8-isoprostane and current asthma in adults: the EGEA study. Eur Respir J 2018; 51:13993003.02036-2017. [PMID: 29618600 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.02036-2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Associations between outdoor air pollution and asthma in adults are still scarce, and the underlying biological mechanisms are poorly understood. Our aim was to study the associations between 1) long-term exposure to outdoor air pollution and current asthma, 2) exhaled 8-isoprostane (8-iso; a biomarker related to oxidative stress) and current asthma, and 3) outdoor air pollution and exhaled 8-iso.Cross-sectional analyses were conducted in 608 adults (39% with current asthma) from the first follow-up of the French case-control and family study on asthma (EGEA; the Epidemiological study of the Genetic and Environmental factors of Asthma). Data on nitrogen dioxide, nitrogen oxides, particulate matter with a diameter ≤10 and ≤2.5 µm (PM10 and PM2.5), road traffic, and ozone (O3) were from ESCAPE (European Study of Cohorts for Air Pollution Effects) and IFEN (French Institute for the Environment) assessments. Models took account of city and familial dependence.The risk of current asthma increased with traffic intensity (adjusted (a)OR 1.09 (95% CI 1.00-1.18) per 5000 vehicles per day), with O3 exposure (aOR 2.04 (95% CI 1.27-3.29) per 10 µg·m-3) and with exhaled 8-iso concentration (aOR 1.50 (95% CI 1.06-2.12) per 1 pg·mL-1). Among participants without asthma, exhaled 8-iso concentration increased with PM2.5 exposure (adjusted (a)β 0.23 (95% CI 0.005-0.46) per 5 µg·m-3), and decreased with O3 and O3-summer exposures (aβ -0.20 (95% CI -0.39- -0.01) and aβ -0.52 (95% CI -0.77- -0.26) per 10 µg·m-3, respectively).Our results add new insights into a potential role of oxidative stress in the associations between outdoor air pollution and asthma in adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anaïs Havet
- INSERM U1168, VIMA (Aging and Chronic Diseases: Epidemiological and Public Health Approaches), Villejuif, France.,Université Versailles St-Quentin-en-Yvelines, UMRS 1168, Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France
| | - Farid Zerimech
- Pôle de Biologie Pathologie Génétique, Laboratoire de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire, CHU de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Margaux Sanchez
- ISGlobal, Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Valérie Siroux
- Equipe d'Epidémiologie Environnementale, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Centre de Recherche UGA, INSERM U1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Grenoble, France
| | - Nicole Le Moual
- INSERM U1168, VIMA (Aging and Chronic Diseases: Epidemiological and Public Health Approaches), Villejuif, France.,Université Versailles St-Quentin-en-Yvelines, UMRS 1168, Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France
| | - Bert Brunekreef
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Nino Künzli
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland.,University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Bénédicte Jacquemin
- INSERM U1168, VIMA (Aging and Chronic Diseases: Epidemiological and Public Health Approaches), Villejuif, France.,Université Versailles St-Quentin-en-Yvelines, UMRS 1168, Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France
| | - Régis Matran
- Université Lille and CHU de Lille, Lille, France.,These authors are joint last authors
| | - Rachel Nadif
- INSERM U1168, VIMA (Aging and Chronic Diseases: Epidemiological and Public Health Approaches), Villejuif, France.,Université Versailles St-Quentin-en-Yvelines, UMRS 1168, Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France.,These authors are joint last authors
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Vedal S, Han B, Xu J, Szpiro A, Bai Z. Design of an Air Pollution Monitoring Campaign in Beijing for Application to Cohort Health Studies. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2017; 14:ijerph14121580. [PMID: 29244738 PMCID: PMC5750998 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph14121580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2017] [Revised: 12/08/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
No cohort studies in China on the health effects of long-term air pollution exposure have employed exposure estimates at the fine spatial scales desirable for cohort studies with individual-level health outcome data. Here we assess an array of modern air pollution exposure estimation approaches for assigning within-city exposure estimates in Beijing for individual pollutants and pollutant sources to individual members of a cohort. Issues considered in selecting specific monitoring data or new monitoring campaigns include: needed spatial resolution, exposure measurement error and its impact on health effect estimates, spatial alignment and compatibility with the cohort, and feasibility and expense. Sources of existing data largely include administrative monitoring data, predictions from air dispersion or chemical transport models and remote sensing (specifically satellite) data. New air monitoring campaigns include additional fixed site monitoring, snapshot monitoring, passive badge or micro-sensor saturation monitoring and mobile monitoring, as well as combinations of these. Each of these has relative advantages and disadvantages. It is concluded that a campaign in Beijing that at least includes a mobile monitoring component, when coupled with currently available spatio-temporal modeling methods, should be strongly considered. Such a campaign is economical and capable of providing the desired fine-scale spatial resolution for pollutants and sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sverre Vedal
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, WA 98105, USA.
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100112, China.
| | - Bin Han
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100112, China.
| | - Jia Xu
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, WA 98105, USA.
| | - Adam Szpiro
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
| | - Zhipeng Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100112, China.
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Wu CD, Chen YC, Pan WC, Zeng YT, Chen MJ, Guo YL, Lung SCC. Land-use regression with long-term satellite-based greenness index and culture-specific sources to model PM 2.5 spatial-temporal variability. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2017; 224:148-157. [PMID: 28214192 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.01.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Revised: 01/26/2017] [Accepted: 01/28/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This study utilized a long-term satellite-based vegetation index, and considered culture-specific emission sources (temples and Chinese restaurants) with Land-use Regression (LUR) modelling to estimate the spatial-temporal variability of PM2.5 using data from Taipei metropolis, which exhibits typical Asian city characteristics. Annual average PM2.5 concentrations from 2006 to 2012 of 17 air quality monitoring stations established by Environmental Protection Administration of Taiwan were used for model development. PM2.5 measurements from 2013 were used for external data verification. Monthly Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) images coupled with buffer analysis were used to assess the spatial-temporal variations of greenness surrounding the monitoring sites. The distribution of temples and Chinese restaurants were included to represent the emission contributions from incense and joss money burning, and gas cooking, respectively. Spearman correlation coefficient and stepwise regression were used for LUR model development, and 10-fold cross-validation and external data verification were applied to verify the model reliability. The results showed a strongly negative correlation (r: -0.71 to -0.77) between NDVI and PM2.5 while temples (r: 0.52 to 0.66) and Chinese restaurants (r: 0.31 to 0.44) were positively correlated to PM2.5 concentrations. With the adjusted model R2 of 0.89, a cross-validated adj-R2 of 0.90, and external validated R2 of 0.83, the high explanatory power of the resultant model was confirmed. Moreover, the averaged NDVI within a 1750 m circular buffer (p < 0.01), the number of Chinese restaurants within a 1750 m buffer (p < 0.01), and the number of temples within a 750 m buffer (p = 0.06) were selected as important predictors during the stepwise selection procedures. According to the partial R2, NDVI explained 66% of PM2.5 variation and was the dominant variable in the developed model. We suggest future studies consider these three factors when establishing LUR models for estimating PM2.5 in other Asian cities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Da Wu
- Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, National Chiayi University, Chiayi, Taiwan; Center for Health and the Global Environment, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, United States
| | - Yu-Cheng Chen
- National Environmental Health Research Center, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chi Pan
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ting Zeng
- Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, National Chiayi University, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Mu-Jean Chen
- National Environmental Health Research Center, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Yue Leon Guo
- National Environmental Health Research Center, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan; Institute of Occupational Medicine and Industrial Hygiene, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Chun Candice Lung
- Research Center for Environmental Changes, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Atmospheric Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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van Nunen E, Vermeulen R, Tsai MY, Probst-Hensch N, Ineichen A, Davey M, Imboden M, Ducret-Stich R, Naccarati A, Raffaele D, Ranzi A, Ivaldi C, Galassi C, Nieuwenhuijsen M, Curto A, Donaire-Gonzalez D, Cirach M, Chatzi L, Kampouri M, Vlaanderen J, Meliefste K, Buijtenhuijs D, Brunekreef B, Morley D, Vineis P, Gulliver J, Hoek G. Land Use Regression Models for Ultrafine Particles in Six European Areas. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2017; 51:3336-3345. [PMID: 28244744 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.6b0592010.1021/acs.est.6b05920.s001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Long-term ultrafine particle (UFP) exposure estimates at a fine spatial scale are needed for epidemiological studies. Land use regression (LUR) models were developed and evaluated for six European areas based on repeated 30 min monitoring following standardized protocols. In each area; Basel (Switzerland), Heraklion (Greece), Amsterdam, Maastricht, and Utrecht ("The Netherlands"), Norwich (United Kingdom), Sabadell (Spain), and Turin (Italy), 160-240 sites were monitored to develop LUR models by supervised stepwise selection of GIS predictors. For each area and all areas combined, 10 models were developed in stratified random selections of 90% of sites. UFP prediction robustness was evaluated with the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) at 31-50 external sites per area. Models from Basel and The Netherlands were validated against repeated 24 h outdoor measurements. Structure and model R2 of local models were similar within, but varied between areas (e.g., 38-43% Turin; 25-31% Sabadell). Robustness of predictions within areas was high (ICC 0.73-0.98). External validation R2 was 53% in Basel and 50% in The Netherlands. Combined area models were robust (ICC 0.93-1.00) and explained UFP variation almost equally well as local models. In conclusion, robust UFP LUR models could be developed on short-term monitoring, explaining around 50% of spatial variance in longer-term measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik van Nunen
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), division of Environmental Epidemiology (EEPI), Utrecht University , Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Roel Vermeulen
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), division of Environmental Epidemiology (EEPI), Utrecht University , Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ming-Yi Tsai
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health (TPH) Institute, University of Basel , Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel , Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington United States
| | - Nicole Probst-Hensch
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health (TPH) Institute, University of Basel , Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel , Basel, Switzerland
| | - Alex Ineichen
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health (TPH) Institute, University of Basel , Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel , Basel, Switzerland
| | - Mark Davey
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health (TPH) Institute, University of Basel , Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel , Basel, Switzerland
| | - Medea Imboden
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health (TPH) Institute, University of Basel , Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel , Basel, Switzerland
| | - Regina Ducret-Stich
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health (TPH) Institute, University of Basel , Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel , Basel, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Andrea Ranzi
- Environmental Health Reference Centre, Regional Agency for Prevention, Environment and Energy of Emilia-Romagna, Modena, Italy
| | | | - Claudia Galassi
- Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, Citta' della Salute e della Scienza University Hospital and Centre for Cancer Prevention, Turin, Italy
| | - Mark Nieuwenhuijsen
- ISGlobal, Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University (UPF) , Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ariadna Curto
- ISGlobal, Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University (UPF) , Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain
| | - David Donaire-Gonzalez
- ISGlobal, Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University (UPF) , Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Cirach
- ISGlobal, Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University (UPF) , Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Leda Chatzi
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), division of Environmental Epidemiology (EEPI), Utrecht University , Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health (TPH) Institute, University of Basel , Basel, Switzerland
| | - Mariza Kampouri
- Department of Social Medicine, University of Crete , Heraklion, Greece
| | - Jelle Vlaanderen
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), division of Environmental Epidemiology (EEPI), Utrecht University , Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Kees Meliefste
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), division of Environmental Epidemiology (EEPI), Utrecht University , Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Daan Buijtenhuijs
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), division of Environmental Epidemiology (EEPI), Utrecht University , Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Bert Brunekreef
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), division of Environmental Epidemiology (EEPI), Utrecht University , Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - David Morley
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London , St Mary's Campus, London, United Kingdom
| | - Paolo Vineis
- Human Genetics Foundation , Turin, Italy
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London , St Mary's Campus, London, United Kingdom
| | - John Gulliver
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London , St Mary's Campus, London, United Kingdom
| | - Gerard Hoek
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), division of Environmental Epidemiology (EEPI), Utrecht University , Utrecht, The Netherlands
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van Nunen E, Vermeulen R, Tsai MY, Probst-Hensch N, Ineichen A, Davey M, Imboden M, Ducret-Stich R, Naccarati A, Raffaele D, Ranzi A, Ivaldi C, Galassi C, Nieuwenhuijsen M, Curto A, Donaire-Gonzalez D, Cirach M, Chatzi L, Kampouri M, Vlaanderen J, Meliefste K, Buijtenhuijs D, Brunekreef B, Morley D, Vineis P, Gulliver J, Hoek G. Land Use Regression Models for Ultrafine Particles in Six European Areas. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2017; 51:3336-3345. [PMID: 28244744 PMCID: PMC5362744 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.6b05920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2016] [Revised: 02/26/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Long-term ultrafine particle (UFP) exposure estimates at a fine spatial scale are needed for epidemiological studies. Land use regression (LUR) models were developed and evaluated for six European areas based on repeated 30 min monitoring following standardized protocols. In each area; Basel (Switzerland), Heraklion (Greece), Amsterdam, Maastricht, and Utrecht ("The Netherlands"), Norwich (United Kingdom), Sabadell (Spain), and Turin (Italy), 160-240 sites were monitored to develop LUR models by supervised stepwise selection of GIS predictors. For each area and all areas combined, 10 models were developed in stratified random selections of 90% of sites. UFP prediction robustness was evaluated with the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) at 31-50 external sites per area. Models from Basel and The Netherlands were validated against repeated 24 h outdoor measurements. Structure and model R2 of local models were similar within, but varied between areas (e.g., 38-43% Turin; 25-31% Sabadell). Robustness of predictions within areas was high (ICC 0.73-0.98). External validation R2 was 53% in Basel and 50% in The Netherlands. Combined area models were robust (ICC 0.93-1.00) and explained UFP variation almost equally well as local models. In conclusion, robust UFP LUR models could be developed on short-term monitoring, explaining around 50% of spatial variance in longer-term measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik van Nunen
- Institute
for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), division of Environmental Epidemiology
(EEPI), Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Phone: +31 30 253 9474; e-mail:
| | - Roel Vermeulen
- Institute
for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), division of Environmental Epidemiology
(EEPI), Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ming-Yi Tsai
- Swiss
Tropical and Public Health (TPH) Institute, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- University
of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department
of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington United States
| | - Nicole Probst-Hensch
- Swiss
Tropical and Public Health (TPH) Institute, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- University
of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Alex Ineichen
- Swiss
Tropical and Public Health (TPH) Institute, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- University
of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Mark Davey
- Swiss
Tropical and Public Health (TPH) Institute, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- University
of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Medea Imboden
- Swiss
Tropical and Public Health (TPH) Institute, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- University
of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Regina Ducret-Stich
- Swiss
Tropical and Public Health (TPH) Institute, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- University
of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Andrea Ranzi
- Environmental Health
Reference Centre, Regional Agency for Prevention, Environment and
Energy of Emilia-Romagna, Modena, Italy
| | | | - Claudia Galassi
- Unit of
Cancer
Epidemiology, Citta’ della Salute e della Scienza University
Hospital and Centre for Cancer Prevention, Turin, Italy
| | - Mark Nieuwenhuijsen
- ISGlobal, Centre
for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain
- Department
of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu
Fabra University (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiologia
y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ariadna Curto
- ISGlobal, Centre
for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain
- Department
of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu
Fabra University (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiologia
y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain
| | - David Donaire-Gonzalez
- ISGlobal, Centre
for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain
- Department
of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu
Fabra University (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiologia
y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Cirach
- ISGlobal, Centre
for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain
- Department
of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu
Fabra University (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiologia
y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Leda Chatzi
- Institute
for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), division of Environmental Epidemiology
(EEPI), Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Swiss
Tropical and Public Health (TPH) Institute, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Mariza Kampouri
- Department
of Social Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Jelle Vlaanderen
- Institute
for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), division of Environmental Epidemiology
(EEPI), Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Kees Meliefste
- Institute
for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), division of Environmental Epidemiology
(EEPI), Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Daan Buijtenhuijs
- Institute
for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), division of Environmental Epidemiology
(EEPI), Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Bert Brunekreef
- Institute
for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), division of Environmental Epidemiology
(EEPI), Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - David Morley
- MRC-PHE
Centre
for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology
and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, St Mary’s Campus, London, United Kingdom
| | - Paolo Vineis
- Human
Genetics Foundation, Turin, Italy
- MRC-PHE
Centre
for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology
and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, St Mary’s Campus, London, United Kingdom
| | - John Gulliver
- MRC-PHE
Centre
for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology
and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, St Mary’s Campus, London, United Kingdom
| | - Gerard Hoek
- Institute
for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), division of Environmental Epidemiology
(EEPI), Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Influence of Road Patterns on PM2.5 Concentrations and the Available Solutions: The Case of Beijing City, China. SUSTAINABILITY 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/su9020217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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38
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Lipfert FW. A critical review of the ESCAPE project for estimating long-term health effects of air pollution. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2017; 99:87-96. [PMID: 27939950 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2016.11.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Revised: 11/24/2016] [Accepted: 11/27/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The European Study of Cohorts for Air Pollution Effects (ESCAPE) is a13-nation study of long-term health effects of air pollution based on subjects pooled from up to 22 cohorts that were intended for other purposes. Twenty-five papers have been published on associations of various health endpoints with long-term exposures to NOx, NO2, traffic indicators, PM10, PM2.5 and PM constituents including absorbance (elemental carbon). Seven additional ESCAPE papers found moderate correlations (R2=0.3-0.8) between measured air quality and estimates based on land-use regression that were used; personal exposures were not considered. I found no project summaries or comparisons across papers; here I conflate the 25 ESCAPE findings in the context of other recent European epidemiology studies. Because one ESCAPE cohort contributed about half of the subjects, I consider it and the other 18 cohorts separately to compare their contributions to the combined risk estimates. I emphasize PM2.5 and confirm the published hazard ratio of 1.14 (1.04-1.26) per 10μg/m3 for all-cause mortality. The ESCAPE papers found 16 statistically significant (p<0.05) risks among the125 pollutant-endpoint combinations; 4 each for PM2.5 and PM10, 1 for PM absorbance, 5 for NO2, and 2 for traffic. No PM constituent was consistently significant. No significant associations were reported for cardiovascular mortality; low birthrate was significant for all pollutants except PM absorbance. Based on associations with PM2.5, I find large differences between all-cause death estimates and the sum of specific-cause death estimates. Scatterplots of PM2.5 mortality risks by cause show no consistency across the 18 cohorts, ostensibly because of the relatively few subjects. Overall, I find the ESCAPE project inconclusive and I question whether the efforts required to estimate exposures for small cohorts were worthwhile. I suggest that detailed studies of the large cohort using historical exposures and additional cardiovascular risk factors might be productive.
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Wolf K, Cyrys J, Harciníková T, Gu J, Kusch T, Hampel R, Schneider A, Peters A. Land use regression modeling of ultrafine particles, ozone, nitrogen oxides and markers of particulate matter pollution in Augsburg, Germany. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 579:1531-1540. [PMID: 27916311 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.11.160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Revised: 11/19/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Important health relevance has been suggested for ultrafine particles (UFP) and ozone, but studies on long-term effects are scarce, mainly due to the lack of appropriate spatial exposure models. We designed a measurement campaign to develop land use regression (LUR) models to predict the spatial variability focusing on particle number concentration (PNC) as indicator for UFP, ozone and several other air pollutants in the Augsburg region, Southern Germany. Three bi-weekly measurements of PNC, ozone, particulate matter (PM10, PM2.5), soot (PM2.5abs) and nitrogen oxides (NOx, NO2) were performed at 20 sites in 2014/15. Annual average concentration were calculated and temporally adjusted by measurements from a continuous background station. As geographic predictors we offered several traffic and land use variables, altitude, population and building density. Models were validated using leave-one-out cross-validation. Adjusted model explained variance (R2) was high for PNC and ozone (0.89 and 0.88). Cross-validation adjusted R2 was slightly lower (0.82 and 0.81) but still indicated a very good fit. LUR models for other pollutants performed well with adjusted R2 between 0.68 (PMcoarse) and 0.94 (NO2). Contrary to previous studies, ozone showed a moderate correlation with NO2 (Pearson's r=-0.26). PNC was moderately correlated with ozone and PM2.5, but highly correlated with NOx (r=0.91). For PNC and NOx, LUR models comprised similar predictors and future epidemiological analyses evaluating health effects need to consider these similarities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathrin Wolf
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Institute of Epidemiology II, Neuherberg, Germany.
| | - Josef Cyrys
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Institute of Epidemiology II, Neuherberg, Germany; Environmental Science Center, University of Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Tatiana Harciníková
- Comenius University in Bratislava, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Cartography, Geoinformatics and Remote Sensing, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Jianwei Gu
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Institute of Epidemiology II, Neuherberg, Germany; Environmental Science Center, University of Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Kusch
- Environmental Science Center, University of Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Regina Hampel
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Institute of Epidemiology II, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Alexandra Schneider
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Institute of Epidemiology II, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Annette Peters
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Institute of Epidemiology II, Neuherberg, Germany
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Knibbs LD, Coorey CP, Bechle MJ, Cowie CT, Dirgawati M, Heyworth JS, Marks GB, Marshall JD, Morawska L, Pereira G, Hewson MG. Independent Validation of National Satellite-Based Land-Use Regression Models for Nitrogen Dioxide Using Passive Samplers. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2016; 50:12331-12338. [PMID: 27768283 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.6b03428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Including satellite observations of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) in land-use regression (LUR) models can improve their predictive ability, but requires rigorous evaluation. We used 123 passive NO2 samplers sited to capture within-city and near-road variability in two Australian cities (Sydney and Perth) to assess the validity of annual mean NO2 estimates from existing national satellite-based LUR models (developed with 68 regulatory monitors). The samplers spanned roadside, urban near traffic (≤100 m to a major road), and urban background (>100 m to a major road) locations. We evaluated model performance using R2 (predicted NO2 regressed on independent measurements of NO2), mean-square-error R2 (MSE-R2), RMSE, and bias. Our models captured up to 69% of spatial variability in NO2 at urban near-traffic and urban background locations, and up to 58% of variability at all validation sites, including roadside locations. The absolute agreement of measurements and predictions (measured by MSE-R2) was similar to their correlation (measured by R2). Few previous studies have performed independent evaluations of national satellite-based LUR models, and there is little information on the performance of models developed with a small number of NO2 monitors. We have demonstrated that such models are a valid approach for estimating NO2 exposures in Australian cities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke D Knibbs
- School of Public Health, The University of Queensland , Herston, Queensland 4006, Australia
| | - Craig P Coorey
- School of Medicine, The University of Queensland , Herston, Queensland 4006, Australia
| | - Matthew J Bechle
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Christine T Cowie
- South Western Sydney Clinical School, The University of New South Wales , Liverpool, New South Wales 2170, Australia
- Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research , Liverpool, New South Wales 2170, Australia
- Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney , Glebe, New South Wales 2037, Australia
| | - Mila Dirgawati
- School of Population Health, The University of Western Australia , Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Jane S Heyworth
- School of Population Health, The University of Western Australia , Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Guy B Marks
- South Western Sydney Clinical School, The University of New South Wales , Liverpool, New South Wales 2170, Australia
- Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research , Liverpool, New South Wales 2170, Australia
| | - Julian D Marshall
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Lidia Morawska
- International Laboratory for Air Quality and Health, Queensland University of Technology , Brisbane, Queensland 4001, Australia
| | - Gavin Pereira
- School of Public Health, Curtin University , Perth, Western Australia 6000, Australia
| | - Michael G Hewson
- School of Geography, Planning and Environmental Management, The University of Queensland , St. Lucia, Queensland 4067, Australia
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de Hoogh K, Gulliver J, Donkelaar AV, Martin RV, Marshall JD, Bechle MJ, Cesaroni G, Pradas MC, Dedele A, Eeftens M, Forsberg B, Galassi C, Heinrich J, Hoffmann B, Jacquemin B, Katsouyanni K, Korek M, Künzli N, Lindley SJ, Lepeule J, Meleux F, de Nazelle A, Nieuwenhuijsen M, Nystad W, Raaschou-Nielsen O, Peters A, Peuch VH, Rouil L, Udvardy O, Slama R, Stempfelet M, Stephanou EG, Tsai MY, Yli-Tuomi T, Weinmayr G, Brunekreef B, Vienneau D, Hoek G. Development of West-European PM 2.5 and NO 2 land use regression models incorporating satellite-derived and chemical transport modelling data. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2016; 151:1-10. [PMID: 27447442 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2016.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2016] [Revised: 06/06/2016] [Accepted: 07/06/2016] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Satellite-derived (SAT) and chemical transport model (CTM) estimates of PM2.5 and NO2 are increasingly used in combination with Land Use Regression (LUR) models. We aimed to compare the contribution of SAT and CTM data to the performance of LUR PM2.5 and NO2 models for Europe. Four sets of models, all including local traffic and land use variables, were compared (LUR without SAT or CTM, with SAT only, with CTM only, and with both SAT and CTM). LUR models were developed using two monitoring data sets: PM2.5 and NO2 ground level measurements from the European Study of Cohorts for Air Pollution Effects (ESCAPE) and from the European AIRBASE network. LUR PM2.5 models including SAT and SAT+CTM explained ~60% of spatial variation in measured PM2.5 concentrations, substantially more than the LUR model without SAT and CTM (adjR2: 0.33-0.38). For NO2 CTM improved prediction modestly (adjR2: 0.58) compared to models without SAT and CTM (adjR2: 0.47-0.51). Both monitoring networks are capable of producing models explaining the spatial variance over a large study area. SAT and CTM estimates of PM2.5 and NO2 significantly improved the performance of high spatial resolution LUR models at the European scale for use in large epidemiological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kees de Hoogh
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Socinstrasse 57, 4051 Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Petersplatz 1, 4001 Basel, Switzerland.
| | - John Gulliver
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, Norfolk Place, W2 1PG London, United Kingdom.
| | - Aaron van Donkelaar
- Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science, Dalhousie University, 6310 Coburg Rd., Halifax, NS, Canada B3H 4R2.
| | - Randall V Martin
- Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science, Dalhousie University, 6310 Coburg Rd., Halifax, NS, Canada B3H 4R2; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
| | - Julian D Marshall
- John R. Kiely Professor of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of Washington, Wilcox 268, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
| | - Matthew J Bechle
- John R. Kiely Professor of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of Washington, Wilcox 268, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
| | - Giulia Cesaroni
- Department of Epidemiology, Lazio Regional Health Service, Via Cristoforo Colombo, 112-00147 Rome, Italy.
| | - Marta Cirach Pradas
- Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Doctor Aiguader 88, E-08003 Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5 Pabellón 11. Planta 0, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Audrius Dedele
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Vytauto Didziojo Universitetas, K. Donelaicio 58, Kaunas 44248, Lithuania.
| | - Marloes Eeftens
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Socinstrasse 57, 4051 Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Petersplatz 1, 4001 Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Bertil Forsberg
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Umea University, SE-901 87 Umea, Sweden.
| | - Claudia Galassi
- Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, Citta' della Salute e della Scienza University Hospital and Centre for Cancer Prevention, Corso Bramante, 88, 10126 Turin, Italy.
| | - Joachim Heinrich
- Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, University Hospital, Munich Institute and Outpatient Clinic for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Ziemssenstr. 1, d-80336 Munich, Germany; Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute of Epidemiology I, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, d-85764 Neuherberg, Germany.
| | - Barbara Hoffmann
- IUF Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, University of Du¨sseldorf, Auf'm Hennekamp 50, 40225 Du¨sseldorf, Germany; Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University of Düsseldorf, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Bénédicte Jacquemin
- INSERM, U1168, VIMA: Aging and Chronic Diseases, Epidemiological and Public Health Approaches, 16, Avenue Paul Vaillant Couturier, 94807 Villejuif, France; Université Versailles St-Quentin-en-Yvelines, UMR-S 1168, 2 Avenue de la Source de la Bièvre, 78180 Montigny le Bretonneux, France; Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Doctor Aiguader 88, E-08003 Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Plaça de la Mercè, 10-12, 08002 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Klea Katsouyanni
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, 75, Mikras Asias Street, 115 27 Athens, Greece; Department of Primary Care & Public Health Sciences and Environmental Research Group, King's College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, UK.
| | - Michal Korek
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Nobels väg 13, Solna, 171 65 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Nino Künzli
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Socinstrasse 57, 4051 Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Petersplatz 1, 4001 Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Sarah J Lindley
- Geography, School of Environment, Education and Development, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 3PL, UK.
| | - Johanna Lepeule
- Inserm and Univ. Grenoble-Alpes, IAB (U1209), Team of Environmental Epidemiology, 38000 Grenoble, France.
| | - Frederik Meleux
- National Institute for industrial Environment and Risks (INERIS), Parc Technologique ALATA, 60550 Verneuil en Halatte, France.
| | - Audrey de Nazelle
- Centre for Environmental Policy, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, UK.
| | - Mark Nieuwenhuijsen
- Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Doctor Aiguader 88, E-08003 Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5 Pabellón 11. Planta 0, 28029 Madrid, Spain; IMIM (Hospital del Mar Research Institute), Dr. Aiguader, 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Wenche Nystad
- Division of Environmental Medicine, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, PO Box 4404, Nydalen, N-0403 Oslo, Norway.
| | - Ole Raaschou-Nielsen
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Strandboulevarden 49, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, P.O. Box 358, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark.
| | - Annette Peters
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, d-85764 Neuherberg, Germany.
| | | | - Laurence Rouil
- National Institute for industrial Environment and Risks (INERIS), Parc Technologique ALATA, 60550 Verneuil en Halatte, France.
| | - Orsolya Udvardy
- National Public Health Center, Albert Flórián út 2-6, H-1097 Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Rémy Slama
- Inserm and Univ. Grenoble-Alpes, IAB (U1209), Team of Environmental Epidemiology, 38000 Grenoble, France.
| | - Morgane Stempfelet
- French Institut for Public Health, 12, rue du Val d'Osne, 94415 Saint-Maurice, France.
| | - Euripides G Stephanou
- Environmental Chemical Processes Laboratory (ECPL), Department of Chemistry, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece.
| | - Ming Y Tsai
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Socinstrasse 57, 4051 Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Petersplatz 1, 4001 Basel, Switzerland; Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Box 357234, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
| | - Tarja Yli-Tuomi
- National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Department of Health Protection, Living Environment and Health Unit, P.O. Box 95, FI-70701 Kuopio, Finland.
| | - Gudrun Weinmayr
- IUF Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, University of Du¨sseldorf, Auf'm Hennekamp 50, 40225 Du¨sseldorf, Germany; Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, Ulm University, Helmholtzstr. 22, 89081 Ulm, Germany.
| | - Bert Brunekreef
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 2, 3584 CM Utrecht, The Netherlands; Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Universiteitsweg 100, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Danielle Vienneau
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Socinstrasse 57, 4051 Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Petersplatz 1, 4001 Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Gerard Hoek
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 2, 3584 CM Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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A New Technique for Evaluating Land-use Regression Models and Their Impact on Health Effect Estimates. Epidemiology 2016; 27:51-6. [PMID: 26426941 DOI: 10.1097/ede.0000000000000404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Leave-one-out cross-validation that fails to account for variable selection does not properly reflect prediction accuracy when the number of training sites is small. The impact on health effect estimates has rarely been studied. The objective of this study was to develop an improved validation procedure for land-use regression models with variable selection and investigate health effect estimates in relation to land-use regression model performance. METHODS We randomly generated 10 training and test sets for nitrogen dioxide and particulate matter. For each training set, we developed models and evaluated them using a cross-holdout validation approach. Cross-holdout validation develops new models for each evaluation compared with refitting the model without variable selection, as in standard leave-one-out cross-validation. We also implemented holdout validation, which evaluates model predictions using independent test sets. We evaluated the relationship between cross-holdout validation and holdout validation R and estimates of the association between air pollution and forced vital capacity in the Dutch birth cohort. RESULTS Cross-holdout validation Rs were generally identical to holdout validation Rs, but were notably smaller than leave-one-out cross-validation Rs. Decreases in forced vital capacity in relation to air pollution exposure were larger for land-use regression models that had larger holdout validation and cross-holdout validation Rs rather than leave-one-out cross-validation R. CONCLUSION Cross-holdout validation accurately reflects predictive ability of land-use regression models and is a useful validation approach for small datasets. Land-use regression predictive ability in terms of holdout validation and cross-holdout validation rather than leave-one-out cross-validation was associated with the magnitude of health effect estimates in a case study.
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Gulliver J, de Hoogh K, Hoek G, Vienneau D, Fecht D, Hansell A. Back-extrapolated and year-specific NO2 land use regression models for Great Britain - Do they yield different exposure assessment? ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2016; 92-93:202-209. [PMID: 27107225 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2016.03.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2016] [Revised: 03/21/2016] [Accepted: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Robust methods to estimate historic population air pollution exposures are important tools for epidemiological studies evaluating long-term health effects. We developed land use regression (LUR) models for NO2 exposure in Great Britain for 1991 and explored whether the choice of year-specific or back-extrapolated LUR yields 1) similar LUR variables and model performance, and 2) similar national and regional address-level and small-area concentrations. We constructed two LUR models for 1991using NO2 concentrations from the diffusion tube monitoring network, one using 75% of all available measurement sites (that over-represent industrial areas), and the other using 75% of a subset of sites proportionate to population by region to study the effects of monitoring site selection bias. We compared, using the remaining (hold-out) 25% of monitoring sites, the performance of the two 1991 models with back-extrapolation of a previously published 2009 model, developed using NO2 concentrations from automatic chemiluminescence monitoring sites and predictor variables from 2006/2007. The 2009 model was back-extrapolated to 1991 using the same predictors (1990 & 1995) used to develop 1991 models. The 1991 models included industrial land use variables, not present for 2009. The hold-out performance of 1991 models (mean-squared-error-based-R(2): 0.62-0.64) was up to 8% higher and ~1μg/m(3) lower in root mean squared error than the back-extrapolated 2009 model, with best performance from the subset of sites representing population exposures. Year-specific and back-extrapolated exposures for residential addresses (n=1.338,399) and small areas (n=10.518) were very highly linearly correlated for Great Britain (r>0.83). This study suggests that year-specific model for 1991 and back-extrapolation of the 2009 LUR yield similar exposure assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Gulliver
- UK Small Area Health Statistics Unit (SAHSU), MRC-PHE Centre for Environment & Health, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, W2 1PG London, UK.
| | - Kees de Hoogh
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Socinstrasse 57, 4002 Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Petersplatz 1, 4003 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Gerard Hoek
- Institute of Risk Assessment Sciences, University of Utrecht, Yalelaan 2, 3584 CM Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Danielle Vienneau
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Socinstrasse 57, 4002 Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Petersplatz 1, 4003 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Daniela Fecht
- UK Small Area Health Statistics Unit (SAHSU), MRC-PHE Centre for Environment & Health, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, W2 1PG London, UK
| | - Anna Hansell
- UK Small Area Health Statistics Unit (SAHSU), MRC-PHE Centre for Environment & Health, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, W2 1PG London, UK
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Eeftens M, Meier R, Schindler C, Aguilera I, Phuleria H, Ineichen A, Davey M, Ducret-Stich R, Keidel D, Probst-Hensch N, Künzli N, Tsai MY. Development of land use regression models for nitrogen dioxide, ultrafine particles, lung deposited surface area, and four other markers of particulate matter pollution in the Swiss SAPALDIA regions. Environ Health 2016; 15:53. [PMID: 27089921 PMCID: PMC4835865 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-016-0137-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2015] [Accepted: 04/11/2016] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Land Use Regression (LUR) is a popular method to explain and predict spatial contrasts in air pollution concentrations, but LUR models for ultrafine particles, such as particle number concentration (PNC) are especially scarce. Moreover, no models have been previously presented for the lung deposited surface area (LDSA) of ultrafine particles. The additional value of ultrafine particle metrics has not been well investigated due to lack of exposure measurements and models. METHODS Air pollution measurements were performed in 2011 and 2012 in the eight areas of the Swiss SAPALDIA study at up to 40 sites per area for NO2 and at 20 sites in four areas for markers of particulate air pollution. We developed multi-area LUR models for biannual average concentrations of PM2.5, PM2.5 absorbance, PM10, PMcoarse, PNC and LDSA, as well as alpine, non-alpine and study area specific models for NO2, using predictor variables which were available at a national level. Models were validated using leave-one-out cross-validation, as well as independent external validation with routine monitoring data. RESULTS Model explained variance (R(2)) was moderate for the various PM mass fractions PM2.5 (0.57), PM10 (0.63) and PMcoarse (0.45), and was high for PM2.5 absorbance (0.81), PNC (0.87) and LDSA (0.91). Study-area specific LUR models for NO2 (R(2) range 0.52-0.89) outperformed combined-area alpine (R (2) = 0.53) and non-alpine (R (2) = 0.65) models in terms of both cross-validation and independent external validation, and were better able to account for between-area variability. Predictor variables related to traffic and national dispersion model estimates were important predictors. CONCLUSIONS LUR models for all pollutants captured spatial variability of long-term average concentrations, performed adequately in validation, and could be successfully applied to the SAPALDIA cohort. Dispersion model predictions or area indicators served well to capture the between area variance. For NO2, applying study-area specific models was preferable over applying combined-area alpine/non-alpine models. Correlations between pollutants were higher in the model predictions than in the measurements, so it will remain challenging to disentangle their health effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marloes Eeftens
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical & Public Health Institute, Socinstrasse 57, P.O. Box 4002, Basel, Switzerland.
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Reto Meier
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical & Public Health Institute, Socinstrasse 57, P.O. Box 4002, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christian Schindler
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical & Public Health Institute, Socinstrasse 57, P.O. Box 4002, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Inmaculada Aguilera
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical & Public Health Institute, Socinstrasse 57, P.O. Box 4002, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Harish Phuleria
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical & Public Health Institute, Socinstrasse 57, P.O. Box 4002, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- CESE, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India
| | - Alex Ineichen
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical & Public Health Institute, Socinstrasse 57, P.O. Box 4002, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Mark Davey
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical & Public Health Institute, Socinstrasse 57, P.O. Box 4002, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Environmental & Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, USA
| | - Regina Ducret-Stich
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical & Public Health Institute, Socinstrasse 57, P.O. Box 4002, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Dirk Keidel
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical & Public Health Institute, Socinstrasse 57, P.O. Box 4002, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nicole Probst-Hensch
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical & Public Health Institute, Socinstrasse 57, P.O. Box 4002, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nino Künzli
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical & Public Health Institute, Socinstrasse 57, P.O. Box 4002, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ming-Yi Tsai
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical & Public Health Institute, Socinstrasse 57, P.O. Box 4002, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Environmental & Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, USA
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Geddes JA, Martin RV, Boys BL, van Donkelaar A. Long-Term Trends Worldwide in Ambient NO2 Concentrations Inferred from Satellite Observations. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2016; 124:281-9. [PMID: 26241114 PMCID: PMC4786989 DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1409567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2014] [Accepted: 07/29/2015] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Air pollution is associated with morbidity and premature mortality. Satellite remote sensing provides globally consistent decadal-scale observations of ambient nitrogen dioxide (NO2) pollution. OBJECTIVE We determined global population-weighted annual mean NO2 concentrations from 1996 through 2012. METHODS We used observations of NO2 tropospheric column densities from three satellite instruments in combination with chemical transport modeling to produce a global 17-year record of ground-level NO2 at 0.1° × 0.1° resolution. We calculated linear trends in population-weighted annual mean NO2 (PWMNO2) concentrations in different regions around the world. RESULTS We found that PWMNO2 in high-income North America (Canada and the United States) decreased more steeply than in any other region, having declined at a rate of -4.7%/year [95% confidence interval (CI): -5.3, -4.1]. PWMNO2 decreased in western Europe at a rate of -2.5%/year (95% CI: -3.0, -2.1). The highest PWMNO2 occurred in high-income Asia Pacific (predominantly Japan and South Korea) in 1996, with a subsequent decrease of -2.1%/year (95% CI: -2.7, -1.5). In contrast, PWMNO2 almost tripled in East Asia (China, North Korea, and Taiwan) at a rate of 6.7%/year (95% CI: 6.0, 7.3). The satellite-derived estimates of trends in ground-level NO2 were consistent with regional trends inferred from data obtained from ground-station monitoring networks in North America (within 0.7%/year) and Europe (within 0.3%/year). Our rankings of regional average NO2 and long-term trends differed from the satellite-derived estimates of fine particulate matter reported elsewhere, demonstrating the utility of both indicators to describe changing pollutant mixtures. CONCLUSIONS Long-term trends in satellite-derived ambient NO2 provide new information about changing global exposure to ambient air pollution. Our estimates are publicly available at http://fizz.phys.dal.ca/~atmos/martin/?page_id=232.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey A. Geddes
- Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
- Address correspondence to J.A. Geddes, Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science, Dalhousie University, Box 15000, Halifax, NS, B3H 4R2 Canada. Telephone: 1 (902) 494-4261. E-mail:
| | - Randall V. Martin
- Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
- Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Brian L. Boys
- Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Aaron van Donkelaar
- Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
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Lane KJ, Levy JI, Scammell MK, Patton AP, Durant JL, Mwamburi M, Zamore W, Brugge D. Effect of time-activity adjustment on exposure assessment for traffic-related ultrafine particles. JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE & ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY 2015; 25:506-16. [PMID: 25827314 PMCID: PMC4542140 DOI: 10.1038/jes.2015.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2014] [Revised: 01/26/2015] [Accepted: 01/29/2015] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Exposures to ultrafine particles (<100 nm, estimated as particle number concentration, PNC) differ from ambient concentrations because of the spatial and temporal variability of both PNC and people. Our goal was to evaluate the influence of time-activity adjustment on exposure assignment and associations with blood biomarkers for a near-highway population. A regression model based on mobile monitoring and spatial and temporal variables was used to generate hourly ambient residential PNC for a full year for a subset of participants (n=140) in the Community Assessment of Freeway Exposure and Health study. We modified the ambient estimates for each hour using personal estimates of hourly time spent in five micro-environments (inside home, outside home, at work, commuting, other) as well as particle infiltration. Time-activity adjusted (TAA)-PNC values differed from residential ambient annual average (RAA)-PNC, with lower exposures predicted for participants who spent more time away from home. Employment status and distance to highway had a differential effect on TAA-PNC. We found associations of RAA-PNC with high sensitivity C-reactive protein and Interleukin-6, although exposure-response functions were non-monotonic. TAA-PNC associations had larger effect estimates and linear exposure-response functions. Our findings suggest that time-activity adjustment improves exposure assessment for air pollutants that vary greatly in space and time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin J Lane
- Yale School of Forestry and Environmental Studies, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Yale School of Forestry and Environmental Studies, Yale University, 195 Prospect Street., New Haven, CT 06511, USA. Tel.: +1 781 696 4537. Fax: +1 617 638 4857. E-mail:
| | - Jonathan I Levy
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Madeleine Kangsen Scammell
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Allison P Patton
- Rutgers Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts, USA
| | - John L Durant
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Mkaya Mwamburi
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Wig Zamore
- Somerville Transportation Equity Partnership, Somerville, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Doug Brugge
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Proietto LR, Plummer CE, Maxwell KM, Lamb KE, Brooks DE. A retrospective analysis of environmental risk factors for the diagnosis of deep stromal abscess in 390 horses in North Central Florida from 1991 to 2013. Vet Ophthalmol 2015. [PMID: 26215543 DOI: 10.1111/vop.12297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this investigation was to identify potential environmental risk factors for the diagnosis of equine deep stromal abscesses (DSA) in the subtropical climate at the University of Florida Veterinary Medical Center (UFVMC). METHODS Cases included were selected from the UFVMC medical record and imaging database, and included all cases of equine DSA diagnosed during the period from December 1991 to December 2013 in patients residing in north central Florida. Patient date of diagnosis and atmospheric data was obtained for north central Florida for the corresponding time period. Univariate and multivariate general linear models were generated testing effects and interactions between environmental conditions. RESULTS When year, sulfur dioxide (SO2 ) and wind were analyzed in the presence of each other, a one-mile per hour increase in wind (P = 0.005) significantly increased the number of DSA cases by 1.63 cases per year. When the influence of temperature was evaluated in conjunction with year and nitrogen dioxide (NO2 ), the number of cases decreased by 0.1534 per year for every degree increase in temperature (°C) (P = 0.039). CONCLUSIONS Wind speed is the first significant atmospheric risk factor to be identified for DSA formation in the horse. The importance of environmental variance in the incidence of DSA indicates that the pathogenesis of DSA formation may be multifactorial, interdependent and provides support in some horses for the micropuncture hypothesis of DSA formation related to the involvement of environmental conditions causing precorneal tear film and epithelial damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura R Proietto
- SACS, University of Florida, 2015 SW 16th Avenue, Gainesville, FL, 32608, USA
| | - Caryn E Plummer
- Small Animal Clinical Sciences, University of Florida, PO Box 100101, Gainesville, FL, 32610-0101, USA
| | - Kathleen M Maxwell
- Small Animal Clinical Sciences, University of Florida, PO Box 100101, Gainesville, FL, 32610-0101, USA
| | | | - Dennis E Brooks
- LACS, University of Florida, 2015 SW 16 Avenue, Gainesville, FL, 32608, USA
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Aguilera I, Eeftens M, Meier R, Ducret-Stich RE, Schindler C, Ineichen A, Phuleria HC, Probst-Hensch N, Tsai MY, Künzli N. Land use regression models for crustal and traffic-related PM2.5 constituents in four areas of the SAPALDIA study. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2015; 140:377-84. [PMID: 25935318 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2015.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2014] [Revised: 03/23/2015] [Accepted: 04/16/2015] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Many studies have documented adverse health effects of long-term exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5), but there is still limited knowledge regarding the causal relationship between specific sources of PM2.5 and such health effects. The spatial variability of PM2.5 constituents and sources, as a exposure assessment strategy for investigating source contributions to health effects, has been little explored so far. Between 2011 and 2012, three measurement campaigns of PM and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) were performed in 80 sites across four areas of the Swiss Study on Air Pollution and Lung and heart Diseases in Adults (SAPALDIA). Reflectance analysis and energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (XRF) were performed on PM2.5 filter samples to estimate light absorbance and trace element concentrations, respectively. Three air pollution source factors were identified using principal-component factor analysis: vehicular, crustal, and long-range transport. Land use regression (LUR) models were developed for temporally-adjusted scores of each factor, combining the four study areas. Model performance was assessed using two cross-validation methods. Model explained variance was high for the vehicular factor (R(2)=0.76), moderate for the crustal factor (R(2)=0.46), and low for the long-range transport factor (R(2)=0.19). The cross-validation methods suggested that models for the vehicular and crustal factors moderately accounted for both the between and within-area variability, and therefore can be applied to the four study areas to estimate long-term exposures within the SAPALDIA study population. The combination of source apportionment techniques and LUR modelling may help in identifying air pollution sources and disentangling their contribution to observed health effects in epidemiologic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inmaculada Aguilera
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Marloes Eeftens
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Reto Meier
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Regina E Ducret-Stich
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christian Schindler
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Alex Ineichen
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Harish C Phuleria
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Centre for Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India
| | - Nicole Probst-Hensch
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ming-Yi Tsai
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Department of Environmental & Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, USA
| | - Nino Künzli
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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49
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Patton AP, Zamore W, Naumova E, Levy JI, Brugge D, Durant JL. Transferability and generalizability of regression models of ultrafine particles in urban neighborhoods in the Boston area. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2015; 49:6051-60. [PMID: 25867675 PMCID: PMC4440409 DOI: 10.1021/es5061676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2014] [Revised: 04/13/2015] [Accepted: 04/13/2015] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Land use regression (LUR) models have been used to assess air pollutant exposure, but limited evidence exists on whether location-specific LUR models are applicable to other locations (transferability) or general models are applicable to smaller areas (generalizability). We tested transferability and generalizability of spatial-temporal LUR models of hourly particle number concentration (PNC) for Boston-area (MA, U.S.A.) urban neighborhoods near Interstate 93. Four neighborhood-specific regression models and one Boston-area model were developed from mobile monitoring measurements (34-46 days/neighborhood over one year each). Transferability was tested by applying each neighborhood-specific model to the other neighborhoods; generalizability was tested by applying the Boston-area model to each neighborhood. Both the transferability and generalizability of models were tested with and without neighborhood-specific calibration. Important PNC predictors (adjusted-R(2) = 0.24-0.43) included wind speed and direction, temperature, highway traffic volume, and distance from the highway edge. Direct model transferability was poor (R(2) < 0.17). Locally-calibrated transferred models (R(2) = 0.19-0.40) and the Boston-area model (adjusted-R(2) = 0.26, range: 0.13-0.30) performed similarly to neighborhood-specific models; however, some coefficients of locally calibrated transferred models were uninterpretable. Our results show that transferability of neighborhood-specific LUR models of hourly PNC was limited, but that a general model performed acceptably in multiple areas when calibrated with local data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison P. Patton
- Civil
and Environmental Engineering, Tufts University, 200 College Avenue, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, United States
| | - Wig Zamore
- Somerville
Transportation Equity Partnership, Somerville, Massachusetts 02143, United States
| | - Elena
N. Naumova
- Civil
and Environmental Engineering, Tufts University, 200 College Avenue, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, United States
- Public
Health and Community Medicine, Tufts University, 136 Harrison Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02111, United States
| | - Jonathan I. Levy
- Boston
University School of Public Health, 715 Albany Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02118, United States
| | - Doug Brugge
- Public
Health and Community Medicine, Tufts University, 136 Harrison Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02111, United States
| | - John L. Durant
- Civil
and Environmental Engineering, Tufts University, 200 College Avenue, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, United States
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50
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Wu J, Li J, Peng J, Li W, Xu G, Dong C. Applying land use regression model to estimate spatial variation of PM₂.₅ in Beijing, China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 22:7045-7061. [PMID: 25487555 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-014-3893-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2014] [Accepted: 11/20/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is the major air pollutant in Beijing, posing serious threats to human health. Land use regression (LUR) has been widely used in predicting spatiotemporal variation of ambient air-pollutant concentrations, though restricted to the European and North American context. We aimed to estimate spatiotemporal variations of PM2.5 by building separate LUR models in Beijing. Hourly routine PM2.5 measurements were collected at 35 sites from 4th March 2013 to 5th March 2014. Seventy-seven predictor variables were generated in GIS, including street network, land cover, population density, catering services distribution, bus stop density, intersection density, and others. Eight LUR models were developed on annual, seasonal, peak/non-peak, and incremental concentration subsets. The annual mean concentration across all sites is 90.7 μg/m(3) (SD = 13.7). PM2.5 shows more temporal variation than spatial variation, indicating the necessity of building different models to capture spatiotemporal trends. The adjusted R (2) of these models range between 0.43 and 0.65. Most LUR models are driven by significant predictors including major road length, vegetation, and water land use. Annual outdoor exposure in Beijing is as high as 96.5 μg/m(3). This is among the first LUR studies implemented in a seriously air-polluted Chinese context, which generally produce acceptable results and reliable spatial air-pollution maps. Apart from the models for winter and incremental concentration, LUR models are driven by similar variables, suggesting that the spatial variations of PM2.5 remain steady for most of the time. Temporal variations are explained by the intercepts, and spatial variations in the measurements determine the strength of variable coefficients in our models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiansheng Wu
- The Key Laboratory for Environmental and Urban Sciences, School of Urban Planning and Design, Shenzhen Graduate School, Peking University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
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