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Galizia A, Falchi L, Iaquinta F, Machado I. Biomonitoring of Potentially Toxic Elements in Dyed Hairs and Its Correlation with Variables of Interest. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024; 202:3529-3537. [PMID: 37968491 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03964-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
Hair is good bioindicator of exposure, due to its ability to store and retain trace elements for long periods of time. But it can be especially useful when hair dyes are used since they may contain potentially toxic salts in their composition. In this context, analytical methods for the determination of bismuth, cadmium, lead, and silver in scalp human hair by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry were successfully validated. A total of 60 samples obtained from women between 18 and 60 years were analyzed: 34 dyed hairs and 26 untreated hairs (control). Average results expressed in dry weight (dyed/control) for each element were 2.34/0.49 μg g-1 (silver), 0.142/0.139 μg g-1 (bismuth), 0.055/0.054 μg g-1 (cadmium), and 2.09/0.99 μg g-1 (lead), respectively. These results agreed with those previously reported for non-exposed populations. A statistically significant higher Ag concentration in dyed hairs was observed, suggesting the bioaccumulation of this element. The associations between metal concentration and variables of interest (age, education, smoking habit, dye brand, use of dietary supplements) were investigated. A strong Pearson correlation was found for the pair Ag/Pb (r = 0.494, p < 0.05). Also, strong associations between lead levels and all the selected variables were observed (p < 0.05), while strong associations between silver levels with age and dye brand and association between cadmium levels and smoking habit were found. Furthermore, several commercial hair dye brands were analyzed to verify compliance with cosmetic regulations. This constitutes the first study of such characteristics performed in Uruguay, with worldwide relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra Galizia
- Grupo de Bioanalítica y Especiación (BIOESP), Área Química Analítica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Lucía Falchi
- Grupo de Bioanalítica y Especiación (BIOESP), Área Química Analítica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Fiorella Iaquinta
- Grupo de Bioanalítica y Especiación (BIOESP), Área Química Analítica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Ignacio Machado
- Grupo de Bioanalítica y Especiación (BIOESP), Área Química Analítica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay.
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Marín-Sáez J, Hernández-Mesa M, Cano-Sancho G, García-Campaña AM. Analytical challenges and opportunities in the study of endocrine disrupting chemicals within an exposomics framework. Talanta 2024; 279:126616. [PMID: 39067205 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.126616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Exposomics aims to measure human exposures throughout the lifespan and the changes they produce in the human body. Exposome-scale studies have significant potential to understand the interplay of environmental factors with complex multifactorial diseases widespread in our society and whose origin remain unclear. In this framework, the study of the chemical exposome aims to cover all chemical exposures and their effects in human health but, today, this goal still seems unfeasible or at least very challenging, which makes the exposome for now only a concept. Furthermore, the study of the chemical exposome faces several methodological challenges such as moving from specific targeted methodologies towards high-throughput multitargeted and non-targeted approaches, guaranteeing the availability and quality of biological samples to obtain quality analytical data, standardization of applied analytical methodologies, as well as the statistical assignment of increasingly complex datasets, or the identification of (un)known analytes. This review discusses the various steps involved in applying the exposome concept from an analytical perspective. It provides an overview of the wide variety of existing analytical methods and instruments, highlighting their complementarity to develop combined analytical strategies to advance towards the chemical exposome characterization. In addition, this review focuses on endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) to show how studying even a minor part of the chemical exposome represents a great challenge. Analytical strategies applied in an exposomics context have shown great potential to elucidate the role of EDCs in health outcomes. However, translating innovative methods into etiological research and chemical risk assessment will require a multidisciplinary effort. Unlike other review articles focused on exposomics, this review offers a holistic view from the perspective of analytical chemistry and discuss the entire analytical workflow to finally obtain valuable results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Marín-Sáez
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Campus Fuentenueva s/n, E-18071, Granada, Spain; Research Group "Analytical Chemistry of Contaminants", Department of Chemistry and Physics, Research Centre for Mediterranean Intensive Agrosystems and Agri-Food Biotechnology (CIAIMBITAL), University of Almeria, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence, ceiA3, E-04120, Almeria, Spain.
| | - Maykel Hernández-Mesa
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Campus Fuentenueva s/n, E-18071, Granada, Spain.
| | | | - Ana M García-Campaña
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Campus Fuentenueva s/n, E-18071, Granada, Spain
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Ghozal M, Kadawathagedara M, Delvert R, Divaret-Chauveau A, Raherison C, Varraso R, Bédard A, Crépet A, Sirot V, Charles MA, Adel-Patient K, de Lauzon-Guillain B. Prenatal dietary exposure to mixtures of chemicals is associated with allergy or respiratory diseases in children in the ELFE nationwide cohort. Environ Health 2024; 23:5. [PMID: 38195595 PMCID: PMC10775451 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-023-01046-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Prenatal exposure to environmental chemicals may be associated with allergies later in life. We aimed to examine the association between prenatal dietary exposure to mixtures of chemicals and allergic or respiratory diseases up to age 5.5 y. METHODS We included 11,638 mother-child pairs from the French "Étude Longitudinale Française depuis l'Enfance" (ELFE) cohort. Maternal dietary exposure during pregnancy to eight mixtures of chemicals was previously assessed. Allergic and respiratory diseases (eczema, food allergy, wheezing and asthma) were reported by parents between birth and age 5.5 years. Associations were evaluated with adjusted logistic regressions. Results are expressed as odds ratio (OR[95%CI]) for a variation of one SD increase in mixture pattern. RESULTS Maternal dietary exposure to a mixture composed mainly of trace elements, furans and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) was positively associated with the risk of eczema (1.10 [1.05; 1.15]), this association was consistent across sensitivity analyses. Dietary exposure to one mixture of pesticides was positively associated with the risk of food allergy (1.10 [1.02; 1.18]), whereas the exposure to another mixture of pesticides was positively but slightly related to the risk of wheezing (1.05 [1.01; 1.08]). This last association was not found in all sensitivity analyses. Dietary exposure to a mixture composed by perfluoroalkyl acids, PAHs and trace elements was negatively associated with the risk of asthma (0.89 [0.80; 0.99]), this association was consistent across sensitivity analyses, except the complete-case analysis. CONCLUSION Whereas few individual chemicals were related to the risk of allergic and respiratory diseases, some consistent associations were found between prenatal dietary exposure to some mixtures of chemicals and the risk of allergic or respiratory diseases. The positive association between trace elements, furans and PAHs and the risk of eczema, and that between pesticides mixtures and food allergy need to be confirmed in other studies. Conversely, the negative association between perfluoroalkyl acids, PAHs and trace elements and the risk of asthma need to be further explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manel Ghozal
- Université Paris Cité and Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Inserm, INRAE, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS) Equipe EAROH, Batiment Leriche, 16 avenue Paul Vaillant Couturier, Paris, Villejuif Cedex, 94807, France.
| | - Manik Kadawathagedara
- Université Paris Cité and Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Inserm, INRAE, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS) Equipe EAROH, Batiment Leriche, 16 avenue Paul Vaillant Couturier, Paris, Villejuif Cedex, 94807, France
| | - Rosalie Delvert
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Université Paris-Sud, Inserm, Équipe d'Épidémiologie Respiratoire Intégrative, CESP, Villejuif, 94805, France
| | - Amandine Divaret-Chauveau
- Unité d'allergologie pédiatrique, Hôpital d'enfants, CHRU de Nancy, Vandoeuvre les Nancy, France
- EA 3450 DevAH, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Lorraine, Vandoeuvre les Nancy, France
- UMR 6249 Chrono-Environnement, Université de Bourgogne Franche Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Chantal Raherison
- Inserm, Team EPICENE, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, UMR 1219, Bordeaux University, Bordeaux, France
| | - Raphaëlle Varraso
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Université Paris-Sud, Inserm, Équipe d'Épidémiologie Respiratoire Intégrative, CESP, Villejuif, 94805, France
| | - Annabelle Bédard
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Université Paris-Sud, Inserm, Équipe d'Épidémiologie Respiratoire Intégrative, CESP, Villejuif, 94805, France
| | - Amélie Crépet
- ANSES, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety, Risk Assessment Department, Methodology and Studies Unit, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Véronique Sirot
- ANSES, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety, Risk Assessment Department, Methodology and Studies Unit, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Marie Aline Charles
- Université Paris Cité and Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Inserm, INRAE, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS) Equipe EAROH, Batiment Leriche, 16 avenue Paul Vaillant Couturier, Paris, Villejuif Cedex, 94807, France
| | - Karine Adel-Patient
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (MTS), Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Blandine de Lauzon-Guillain
- Université Paris Cité and Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Inserm, INRAE, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS) Equipe EAROH, Batiment Leriche, 16 avenue Paul Vaillant Couturier, Paris, Villejuif Cedex, 94807, France
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Iaquinta F, Machado I. Biomonitoring of arsenic, lead, manganese and mercury in hair from a presumably exposed Uruguayan child population. Bioanalysis 2024; 16:107-116. [PMID: 37965871 DOI: 10.4155/bio-2023-0157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: To perform an exposure assessment of arsenic, manganese, mercury and lead levels in hair samples from children from poor neighborhoods. Materials & methods: A total of 38 Caucasian children were recruited with the consent of their parents or tutors. Determinations were performed by atomic absorption spectrometry. Results & conclusion: Results were 0.045-0.12 μg/g-1 (arsenic), 0.56-2.05 μg/g-1 (manganese) and 0.34-27.8 μg/g-1 (lead). Lead results did not correlate with those previously reported in blood from the same individuals, suggesting that hair is not useful for exposure assessment of this contaminant. Mercury was determined for the first time in Uruguayan children showing levels <0.083 μg/g-1. Results revealed low-to-moderate metal exposure, except for some high lead findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiorella Iaquinta
- Grupo de Bioanalítica y Especiación (BIOESP), Química Analítica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, 11800, Uruguay
| | - Ignacio Machado
- Grupo de Bioanalítica y Especiación (BIOESP), Química Analítica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, 11800, Uruguay
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Stanfield Z, Setzer RW, Hull V, Sayre RR, Isaacs KK, Wambaugh JF. Characterizing Chemical Exposure Trends from NHANES Urinary Biomonitoring Data. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2024; 132:17009. [PMID: 38285237 PMCID: PMC10824265 DOI: 10.1289/ehp12188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Xenobiotic metabolites are widely present in human urine and can indicate recent exposure to environmental chemicals. Proper inference of which chemicals contribute to these metabolites can inform human exposure and risk. Furthermore, longitudinal biomonitoring studies provide insight into how chemical exposures change over time. OBJECTIVES We constructed an exposure landscape for as many human-exposure relevant chemicals over as large a time span as possible to characterize exposure trends across demographic groups and chemical types. METHODS We analyzed urine data of nine 2-y cohorts (1999-2016) from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Chemical daily intake rates (in milligrams per kilogram bodyweight per day) were inferred, using the R package bayesmarker, from metabolite concentrations in each cohort individually to identify exposure trends. Trends for metabolites and parents were clustered to find chemicals with similar exposure patterns. Exposure variation by age, gender, and body mass index were also assessed. RESULTS Intake rates for 179 parent chemicals were inferred from 151 metabolites (96 measured in five or more cohorts). Seventeen metabolites and 44 parent chemicals exhibited fold-changes ≥ 10 between any two cohorts (deltamethrin, di-n -octyl phthalate, and di-isononyl phthalate had the greatest exposure increases). Di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate intake began decreasing in 2007, whereas both di-isobutyl and di-isononyl phthalate began increasing shortly before. Intake for four parabens was markedly higher in females, especially reproductive-age females, compared with males and children. Cadmium and arsenobetaine exhibited higher exposure for individuals > 65 years of age and lower for individuals < 20 years of age. DISCUSSION With appropriate analysis, NHANES indicates trends in chemical exposures over the past two decades. Decreases in exposure are observable as the result of regulatory action, with some being accompanied by increases in replacement chemicals. Age- and gender-specific variations in exposure were observed for multiple chemicals. Continued estimation of demographic-specific exposures is needed to both monitor and identify potential vulnerable populations. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP12188.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary Stanfield
- Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, Office of Research and Development, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - R. Woodrow Setzer
- Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, Office of Research and Development, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Victoria Hull
- Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, Office of Research and Development, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
- Oak Ridge Associated Universities, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
| | - Risa R. Sayre
- Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, Office of Research and Development, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
- Oak Ridge Associated Universities, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
| | - Kristin K. Isaacs
- Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, Office of Research and Development, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - John F. Wambaugh
- Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, Office of Research and Development, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
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Sears CG, Healy EJ, Soares LF, Palermo D, Eliot M, Li Y, Fruh V, Babalola T, James KA, Harrington JM, Wellenius GA, Tjønneland A, Raaschou-Nielsen O, Meliker JR. Urine antimony and risk of cardiovascular disease - A prospective case-cohort study in Danish Non-Smokers. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2023; 181:108269. [PMID: 37866238 PMCID: PMC10720945 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.108269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Limited evidence suggests that antimony induces vascular inflammation and oxidative stress and may play a role in cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. However, few studies have examined whether environmental antimony from sources other than tobacco smoking is related with CVD risk. The general population may be exposed through air, drinking water, and food that contains antimony from natural and anthropogenic sources, such as mining, coal combustion, and manufacturing. OBJECTIVES To examine the association of urine antimony with incident acute myocardial infarction (AMI), heart failure, and stroke among people who never smoked tobacco. METHODS Between 1993 and 1997, the Danish Diet, Cancer and Health (DCH) cohort enrolled participants (ages 50-64 years), including n = 19,394 participants who reported never smoking at baseline. Among these never smokers, we identified incident cases of AMI (N = 809), heart failure (N = 958), and stroke (N = 534) using the Danish National Patient Registry. We also randomly selected a subcohort of 600 men and 600 women. We quantified urine antimony concentrations in samples provided at enrollment. We used modified Cox proportional hazards models to estimate adjusted hazard ratios (HR) for each incident CVD outcome in relation to urine antimony, statistically adjusted for creatinine. We used a separate prospective cohort, the San Luis Valley Diabetes Study (SLVDS), to replicate these results. RESULTS In the DCH cohort, urine antimony concentrations were positively associated with rates of AMI and heart failure (HR = 1.52; 95%CI = 1.12, 2.08 and HR = 1.58; 95% CI = 1.15, 2.18, respectively, comparing participants in the highest (>0.09 µg/L) with the lowest quartile (<0.02 µg/L) of antimony). In the SLVDS cohort, urinary antimony was positively associated with AMI, but not heart failure. DISCUSSION Among this sample of Danish people who never smoked, we found that low levels of urine antimony are associated with incident CVD. These results were partially confirmed in a smaller US cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara G Sears
- Christina Lee Brown Envirome Institute, Division of Environmental Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.
| | - Erin J Healy
- Department of Medical Informatics, Stony Brook University Medical Center, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Lissa F Soares
- Program in Public Health, Department of Family, Population, & Preventive Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Dana Palermo
- Program in Public Health, Department of Family, Population, & Preventive Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Melissa Eliot
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Yaqiang Li
- Department of Community and Behavioral Health, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Victoria Fruh
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tesleem Babalola
- Program in Public Health, Department of Family, Population, & Preventive Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Katherine A James
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO, USA
| | - James M Harrington
- Analytical Science Division, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Gregory A Wellenius
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Anne Tjønneland
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ole Raaschou-Nielsen
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Jaymie R Meliker
- Program in Public Health, Department of Family, Population, & Preventive Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
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Deng Y, Wang F, Liu L, Chen D, Guo Y, Li Z. High density polyethylene (HDPE) and thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) wristbands as personal passive samplers monitoring per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) exposure to postgraduate students. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 446:130652. [PMID: 36603420 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.130652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) present adverse effects for human health, which result in strong needs for reliable tools monitoring personal exposure to PFASs. This study manufactured two wristbands of high density polyethylene (HDPE) and thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), and used the wristbands to monitor PFASs personal exposure. The analytical method was developed to measure 32 PFASs in the paired HDPE and TPU wristbands worn by 60 postgraduates. Twenty-nine of 32 PFASs were detected and hexafluoropropylene oxide dimer acid (HFPO-DA) was predominant individual PFASs with median concentrations of 337 and 554 pg/g for HDPE and TPU wristbands respectively. The gender and grade of students had moderate effects on PFASs distribution in the wristbands. Higher PFASs levels were determined in the two wristbands worn by the male students compared to the females, and the greatest PFASs concentration was observed in the wristbands worn by the first-year postgraduates, follow by second- and third-year postgraduates. Additionally, significant correlations between paired HDPE and TPU wristbands were observed for perfluorobutanoic acid (PFBA), perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (PFHxS), perfluoroheptane sulfonic acid (PFHpS), perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS), and HFPO-DA. These results suggest that HDPE and TPU wristbands can be used as effective tools for monitoring personal PFAS exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Deng
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Liangying Liu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Da Chen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Ying Guo
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Zhe Li
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, UK
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8
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Nakayama SF, St-Amand A, Pollock T, Apel P, Bamai YA, Barr DB, Bessems J, Calafat AM, Castaño A, Covaci A, Duca RC, Faure S, Galea KS, Hays S, Hopf NB, Ito Y, Jeddi MZ, Kolossa-Gehring M, Kumar E, LaKind JS, López ME, Louro H, Macey K, Makris KC, Melnyk L, Murawski A, Naiman J, Nassif J, Noisel N, Poddalgoda D, Quirós-Alcalá L, Rafiee A, Rambaud L, Silva MJ, Ueyama J, Verner MA, Waras MN, Werry K. Interpreting biomonitoring data: Introducing the international human biomonitoring (i-HBM) working group's health-based guidance value (HB2GV) dashboard. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2023; 247:114046. [PMID: 36356350 PMCID: PMC10103580 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2022.114046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Human biomonitoring (HBM) data measured in specific contexts or populations provide information for comparing population exposures. There are numerous health-based biomonitoring guidance values, but to locate these values, interested parties need to seek them out individually from publications, governmental reports, websites and other sources. Until now, there has been no central, international repository for this information. Thus, a tool is needed to help researchers, public health professionals, risk assessors, and regulatory decision makers to quickly locate relevant values on numerous environmental chemicals. A free, on-line repository for international health-based guidance values to facilitate the interpretation of HBM data is now available. The repository is referred to as the "Human Biomonitoring Health-Based Guidance Value (HB2GV) Dashboard". The Dashboard represents the efforts of the International Human Biomonitoring Working Group (i-HBM), affiliated with the International Society of Exposure Science. The i-HBM's mission is to promote the use of population-level HBM data to inform public health decision-making by developing harmonized resources to facilitate the interpretation of HBM data in a health-based context. This paper describes the methods used to compile the human biomonitoring health-based guidance values, how the values can be accessed and used, and caveats with using the Dashboard for interpreting HBM data. To our knowledge, the HB2GV Dashboard is the first open-access, curated database of HBM guidance values developed for use in interpreting HBM data. This new resource can assist global HBM data users such as risk assessors, risk managers and biomonitoring programs with a readily available compilation of guidance values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoji F Nakayama
- Exposure Dynamics Research Section, Health and Environmental Risk Division, National Institute for Environmental Studies, 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8506, Japan.
| | - Annie St-Amand
- Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, 269 Laurier Ave W, A/L 4908D, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0K9, Canada.
| | - Tyler Pollock
- Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, 269 Laurier Ave W, A/L 4908D, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0K9, Canada.
| | - Petra Apel
- German Environment Agency, Berlin/ Dessau-Roßlau, Wörlitzer Platz 1, 06844, Dessau-Roßlau, Germany.
| | - Yu Ait Bamai
- Center for Environmental and Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita12, Nishi 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Japan.
| | - Dana Boyd Barr
- Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, 1518 Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
| | | | - Antonia M Calafat
- National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, USA.
| | - Argelia Castaño
- National Center for Environmental Health, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28220, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Adrian Covaci
- Toxicological Center, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Wilrijk, Belgium.
| | - Radu Corneliu Duca
- Unit Environmental Hygiene and Human Biological Monitoring, Department of Health Protection, Laboratoire national de santé, 1, Rue Louis Rech, L-3555, Dudelange, Luxembourg.
| | - Sarah Faure
- Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, 269 Laurier Ave W, A/L 4908D, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0K9, Canada.
| | - Karen S Galea
- Institute of Occupational Medicine (IOM), Research Avenue North, Riccarton, Edinburgh, EH14 4AP, UK.
| | - Sean Hays
- Summit Toxicology LLP, 615 Nikles Dr., Unit 102, Bozeman, MT, 59715, USA.
| | - Nancy B Hopf
- Center for Primary Care and Public Health, Route de la Corniche 2, 1066, Epalinges-Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Yuki Ito
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8601, Japan.
| | - Maryam Zare Jeddi
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Antonie van Leeuwenhoeklaan 9, 3721 MA, Bilthoven, the Netherlands.
| | - Marike Kolossa-Gehring
- German Environment Agency, Berlin/ Dessau-Roßlau, Wörlitzer Platz 1, 06844, Dessau-Roßlau, Germany.
| | - Eva Kumar
- Department of Health Security, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Neulaniementie 4, FI-70210, Kuopio, Finland.
| | - Judy S LaKind
- LaKind Associates, LLC, 106 Oakdale Avenue, Catonsville, MD, 21228, USA; Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 655 W. Baltimore Street, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
| | - Marta Esteban López
- National Center for Environmental Health, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28220, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Henriqueta Louro
- Department of Human Genetics, National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge (INSA), Av. Padre Cruz 1649-016 Lisbon, and Center for Toxicogenomics and Human Health (ToxOmics), NOVA Medical School-FCM, UNL, Rua Câmara Pestana, 6 Ed. CEDOC II, 1150-082, Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Kristin Macey
- Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, 269 Laurier Ave W, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0K9, Canada.
| | - Konstantinos C Makris
- Cyprus International Institute for Environmental and Public Health, School of Health Sciences, Cyprus University of Technology, Irinis 95, 3041, Limassol, Cyprus.
| | - Lisa Melnyk
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development/Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, 26 West Martin Luther King Drive, Cincinnati, OH, 45268, USA.
| | - Aline Murawski
- German Environment Agency, Berlin/ Dessau-Roßlau, Wörlitzer Platz 1, 06844, Dessau-Roßlau, Germany.
| | - Josh Naiman
- LaKind Associates, LLC, 504 S 44th St, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
| | - Julianne Nassif
- Association of Public Health Laboratories 8515 Georgia Avenue, Suite 700, Silver Spring, MD, 20910, USA.
| | - Nolwenn Noisel
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montreal, Quebec, H3C 3J7, Canada.
| | - Devika Poddalgoda
- Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, 269 Laurier Ave W, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0K9, Canada.
| | - Lesliam Quirós-Alcalá
- Department of Environmental Health & Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
| | - Ata Rafiee
- Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, 173B Heritage Medical Research Centre, 11207 - 87 Ave NW, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2S2, Canada.
| | - Loïc Rambaud
- Occupational and Environmental Health Division, Santé publique France, 12 rue du Val d'Osne, 94415, Saint-Maurice, France.
| | - Maria João Silva
- Human Genetics Department, National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Avenida Padre Cruz, 1649-016, Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Jun Ueyama
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Field of Omics Health Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, 461-8673, Japan.
| | - Marc-Andre Verner
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montreal, Quebec, H3C 3J7, Canada.
| | - Maisarah Nasution Waras
- Toxicology Department, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 13200 Kepala Batas, P. Pinang, Malaysia.
| | - Kate Werry
- Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, 269 Laurier Ave W, A/L 4908D, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0K9, Canada.
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9
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Dehghani F, Yousefinejad S, Walker DI, Omidi F. Metabolomics for exposure assessment and toxicity effects of occupational pollutants: current status and future perspectives. Metabolomics 2022; 18:73. [PMID: 36083566 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-022-01930-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Work-related exposures to harmful agents or factors are associated with an increase in incidence of occupational diseases. These exposures often represent a complex mixture of different stressors, challenging the ability to delineate the mechanisms and risk factors underlying exposure-disease relationships. The use of omics measurement approaches that enable characterization of biological marker patterns provide internal indicators of molecular alterations, which could be used to identify bioeffects following exposure to a toxicant. Metabolomics is the comprehensive analysis of small molecule present in biological samples, and allows identification of potential modes of action and altered pathways by systematic measurement of metabolites. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study is to review the application of metabolomics studies for use in occupational health, with a focus on applying metabolomics for exposure monitoring and its relationship to occupational diseases. METHODS PubMed, Web of Science, Embase and Scopus electronic databases were systematically searched for relevant studies published up to 2021. RESULTS Most of reviewed studies included worker populations exposed to heavy metals such as As, Cd, Pb, Cr, Ni, Mn and organic compounds such as tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, trichloroethylene, polyfluoroalkyl, acrylamide, polyvinyl chloride. Occupational exposures were associated with changes in metabolites and pathways, and provided novel insight into the relationship between exposure and disease outcomes. The reviewed studies demonstrate that metabolomics provides a powerful ability to identify metabolic phenotypes and bioeffect of occupational exposures. CONCLUSION Continued application to worker populations has the potential to enable characterization of thousands of chemical signals in biological samples, which could lead to discovery of new biomarkers of exposure for chemicals, identify possible toxicological mechanisms, and improved understanding of biological effects increasing disease risk associated with occupational exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Dehghani
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Research Center for Health Sciences, Research Institute for Health, Department of Occupational Health and Safety Engineering, School of Health Shiraz, University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Saeed Yousefinejad
- Research Center for Health Sciences, Research Institute for Health, Department of Occupational Health and Safety Engineering, School of Health Shiraz, University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Douglas I Walker
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Fariborz Omidi
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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10
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Shilnikova N, Karyakina N, Farhat N, Ramoju S, Cline B, Momoli F, Mattison D, Jensen N, Terrell R, Krewski D. Biomarkers of environmental manganese exposure. Crit Rev Toxicol 2022; 52:325-343. [PMID: 35894753 DOI: 10.1080/10408444.2022.2095979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
We conducted a critical review on biomarkers of environmental manganese (Mn) exposure to answer the following questions: 1) are there reliable biomarkers of internal Mn exposure (Mn in biological matrices) associated with external metrics of Mn exposure (Mn in environmental media)? and 2) are there accurate reference values (RVs) for Mn in biological matrices? Three bibliographic databases were searched for relevant references and identified references were screened by two independent reviewers. Of the 6342 unique references identified, 86 articles were retained for data abstraction. Our analysis of currently available evidence suggests that Mn levels in blood and urine are not useful biomarkers of Mn exposure in non-occupational settings. The strength of the association between Mn in environmental media and saliva was variable. Findings regarding the utility of hair Mn as a biomarker of environmental Mn exposure are inconsistent. Measurements of Mn in teeth are technically challenging and findings on Mn in tooth components are scarce. In non-occupationally exposed individuals, bone Mn measurements using in vivo neutron activation analysis (IVNAA) are associated with large uncertainties. Findings suggest that Mn in nails may reflect Mn in environmental media and discriminate between groups of individuals exposed to different environmental Mn levels, although more research is needed. Currently, there is no strong evidence for any biological matrix as a valid biomarker of Mn exposure in non-occupational settings. Because of methodological limitations in studies aimed at derivation of RVs for Mn in biological materials, accurate RVs are scarce.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Shilnikova
- Risk Sciences International, Ottawa, Canada.,McLaughlin Centre for Population Health Risk Assessment, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Nataliya Karyakina
- Risk Sciences International, Ottawa, Canada.,McLaughlin Centre for Population Health Risk Assessment, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Nawal Farhat
- Risk Sciences International, Ottawa, Canada.,McLaughlin Centre for Population Health Risk Assessment, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada.,School of Mathematics and Statistics, Carleton University, Ottawa, Canada
| | | | | | - Franco Momoli
- Risk Sciences International, Ottawa, Canada.,School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Donald Mattison
- Risk Sciences International, Ottawa, Canada.,School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada.,Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Natalie Jensen
- Risk Sciences International, Ottawa, Canada.,School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Rowan Terrell
- Risk Sciences International, Ottawa, Canada.,School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Daniel Krewski
- Risk Sciences International, Ottawa, Canada.,McLaughlin Centre for Population Health Risk Assessment, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada.,School of Mathematics and Statistics, Carleton University, Ottawa, Canada.,School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
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11
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Zhu Y, Shin HM, Jiang L, Bartell SM. Retrospective exposure reconstruction using approximate Bayesian computation: A case study on perfluorooctanoic acid and preeclampsia. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 209:112892. [PMID: 35149111 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.112892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In environmental epidemiology, measurements of toxicants in biological samples are often used as individual exposure assignments. It is common to obtain only one or a few exposure biomarkers per person and use those measurements to represent each person's relevant toxicant exposure for a given health outcome, even though most exposure biomarkers can fluctuate over time. When the timing of the exposure reflected by the biomarker measurement is misaligned with disease development especially if it occurs after the disease outcome, results could be subject to reverse causality or exposure measurement error. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to use an approximate Bayesian computation (ABC) method to improve PFOA exposure estimates and characterize the effects of PFOA on preeclampsia in the C8 Studies. METHODS Serum PFOA concentrations were measured in blood samples collected during 2005-2006 in West Virginia and Ohio (the C8 Studies), and residential and water use histories and pregnancy outcomes were obtained from self-reports. Our previous results may have been influenced by the choice of methods for characterizing PFOA exposures. Here we use an ABC method to combine measured PFOA serum concentrations and environmentally modeled PFOA concentrations to reconstruct historical PFOA exposures. We also expanded our previous work by assuming more realistic lognormal distributions for key input parameters in the exposure and pharmacokinetic models. RESULTS Compared to using fixed values of model parameters and Monte Carlo simulations, ABC produced similar Spearman correlations between estimated and measured serum PFOA concentrations, yet substantially reduced the mean squared error by over 50%. Based on ABC, compared to previous studies, we found a similar adjusted odds ratio (AOR) for the association between PFOA and preeclampsia. CONCLUSIONS Bayesian combination of modeled exposure and measured biomarker concentrations can reduce exposure measurement error compared to modeled exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yachen Zhu
- Program in Public Health, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697-3957, USA
| | - Hyeong-Moo Shin
- Department of Earth and Environmental Science, University of Texas, Arlington, TX, 76019-0049, USA
| | - Luohua Jiang
- Program in Public Health, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697-3957, USA; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697-3957, USA
| | - Scott M Bartell
- Program in Public Health, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697-3957, USA; Department of Statistics, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697-1250, USA; Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697-1250, USA.
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12
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Kim M, Jee SC, Kim S, Hwang KH, Sung JS. Identification and Characterization of mRNA Biomarkers for Sodium Cyanide Exposure. TOXICS 2021; 9:toxics9110288. [PMID: 34822678 PMCID: PMC8624962 DOI: 10.3390/toxics9110288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Biomarkers in exposure assessment are defined as the quantifiable targets that indicate the exposure to hazardous chemicals and their resulting health effect. In this study, we aimed to identify, validate, and characterize the mRNA biomarker that can detect the exposure of sodium cyanide. To identify reliable biomarkers for sodium cyanide exposure, critical criteria were defined for candidate selection: (1) the expression level of mRNA significantly changes in response to sodium thiocyanate treatment in transcriptomics results (fold change > 2.0 or <0.50, adjusted p-value < 0.05); and (2) the mRNA level is significantly modulated by sodium cyanide exposure in both normal human lung cells and rat lung tissue. We identified the following mRNA biomarker candidates: ADCY5, ANGPTL4, CCNG2, CD9, COL1A2, DACT3, GGCX, GRB14, H1F0, HSPA1A, MAF, MAT2A, PPP1R10, and PPP4C. The expression levels of these candidates were commonly downregulated by sodium cyanide exposure both in vitro and in vivo. We functionally characterized the biomarkers and established the impact of sodium cyanide on transcriptomic profiles using in silico approaches. Our results suggest that the biomarkers may contribute to the regulation and degradation of the extracellular matrix, leading to a negative effect on surrounding lung cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Kim
- Department of Life Science, Biomedi Campus, Dongguk University-Seoul, 32 Dongguk-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang 10326, Gyeonggi-do, Korea; (M.K.); (S.-C.J.); (S.K.)
| | - Seung-Cheol Jee
- Department of Life Science, Biomedi Campus, Dongguk University-Seoul, 32 Dongguk-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang 10326, Gyeonggi-do, Korea; (M.K.); (S.-C.J.); (S.K.)
| | - Soee Kim
- Department of Life Science, Biomedi Campus, Dongguk University-Seoul, 32 Dongguk-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang 10326, Gyeonggi-do, Korea; (M.K.); (S.-C.J.); (S.K.)
| | - Kyung-Hwa Hwang
- Jeonbuk Branch, Korea Institute of Toxicology, KIT, KRICT, 30 Baehak 1-gil, Jeongeup-si 56212, Jeollabuk-do, Korea;
| | - Jung-Suk Sung
- Department of Life Science, Biomedi Campus, Dongguk University-Seoul, 32 Dongguk-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang 10326, Gyeonggi-do, Korea; (M.K.); (S.-C.J.); (S.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-31-961-5132; Fax: +82-31-961-5108
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13
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Sabbioni G, Berset JD, Day BW. Is It Realistic to Propose Determination of a Lifetime Internal Exposome? Chem Res Toxicol 2020; 33:2010-2021. [PMID: 32672951 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.0c00092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Biomonitoring of xenobiotics has been performed for many years in occupational and environmental medicine. It has revealed hidden exposures and the exposure of workers could be reduced. Although most of the toxic effects of chemicals on humans were discovered in workers, the scientific community has more recently focused on environmental samples. In several countries, urinary and blood samples have been collected and analyzed for xenobiotics. Health, biochemical, and clinical parameters were measured in the biomonitoring program of the Unites States. The data were collected and evaluated as group values, comparing races, ages, and gender. The term exposome was created in order to relate chemical exposure to health effects together with the terms genome, proteome, and transcriptome. Internal exposures were mostly established with snapshot measurements, which can lead to an obvious misclassification of the individual exposures. Albumin and hemoglobin adducts of xenobiotics reflect the exposure of a larger time frame, up to 120 days. It is likely that only a small fraction of xenobiotics form such adducts. In addition, adduct analyses are more work intensive than the measurement of xenobiotics and metabolites in urine and/or blood. New technology, such as high-resolution mass spectrometry, will enable the discovery of new compounds that have been overlooked in the past, since over 300,000 chemicals are commercially available and most likely also present in the environment. Yet, quantification will be challenging, as it was for the older methods. At this stage, determination of a lifetime internal exposome is very unrealistic. Instead of an experimental approach with a large number of people, which is economically and scientifically not feasible, in silico methods should be developed further to predict exposure, toxicity, and potential health effects of mixtures. The computer models will help to focus internal exposure investigations on smaller groups of people and smaller number of chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Sabbioni
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Toxicology, CH-6780 Airolo, Switzerland.,Walther-Straub-Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, D-80336 München, Germany
| | - Jean-Daniel Berset
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Toxicology, CH-6780 Airolo, Switzerland
| | - Billy W Day
- Medantox LLC, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15241, United States.,ReNeuroGen LLC, Elm Grove, Wisconsin 53122, United States
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14
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The genotoxicity of an organic solvent mixture: A human biomonitoring study and translation of a real-scenario exposure to in vitro. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2020; 116:104726. [PMID: 32659246 DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2020.104726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate occupational exposure to a styrene and xylene mixture through environmental exposure assessment and identify the potential genotoxic effects through biological monitoring. Secondly, we also exposed human peripheral blood cells in vitro to both xylene and styrene either alone or in mixture at concentrations found in occupational settings in order to understand their mechanism of action. The results obtained by air monitoring were below the occupational exposure limits for both substances. All biomarkers of effect, except for nucleoplasmic bridges, had higher mean values in workers (N = 17) compared to the corresponding controls (N = 17). There were statistically significant associations between exposed individuals and the presence of nuclear buds and oxidative damage. As for in vitro results, there was no significant influence on primary DNA damage in blood cells as evaluated by the comet assay. On the contrary, we did observe a significant increase of micronuclei and nuclear buds, but not nucleoplasmic bridges upon in vitro exposure. Taken together, both styrene and xylene have the potential to induce genomic instability either alone or in combination, showing higher effects when combined. The obtained data suggested that thresholds for individual chemicals might be insufficient for ensuring the protection of human health.
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15
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Conifers as environmental biomonitors: A multi-residue method for the concomitant quantification of pesticides, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and polychlorinated biphenyls by LC-MS/MS and GC–MS/MS. Microchem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2019.104593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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16
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Wang S, Romanak KA, Stubbings WA, Arrandale VH, Hendryx M, Diamond ML, Salamova A, Venier M. Silicone wristbands integrate dermal and inhalation exposures to semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs). ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2019; 132:105104. [PMID: 31465955 PMCID: PMC6774250 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.105104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Revised: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Silicone wristbands are being increasingly used to assess human exposure to semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs). However, it is unclear what exposure pathways wristbands integrate. To test the hypothesis that wristbands integrate inhalation and dermal exposures, we measured 38 chemicals from four compound groups (PAHs, PBDEs, nBFRs, and OPEs) in silicone wristbands and brooches, active air samples (Occupational Safety and Health Administration Versatile Sampler or OVS cartridge), and hand wipes from 10 adults during a 72-hour period. Phenanthrene, BDE-47, 2‑ethylhexyl 2,3,4,5‑tetrabromobenzoate (EHTBB), tris[(2R)‑1‑chloro‑2‑propyl] phosphate (TCIPP), and tris(1,3‑dichloro‑2‑propyl) phosphate (TDCIPP) were the predominant compounds in all four matrices. In a linear regression analysis, the compound levels in OVS were positively associated with those in wristbands and brooches for nBFRs and OPEs, but not for PAHs and PBDEs. The compound levels in wristbands were positively associated with those in hand wipes and brooches for all chemicals. The regressions between the levels in wristbands and OVS or brooches combined with the levels in hand wipes showed stronger, supporting the hypothesis that wristbands captured inhalation and dermal exposure pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaorui Wang
- O'Neill School of Public and Environmental Affairs, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, United States
| | - Kevin A Romanak
- O'Neill School of Public and Environmental Affairs, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, United States
| | - William A Stubbings
- O'Neill School of Public and Environmental Affairs, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, United States
| | - Victoria H Arrandale
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Occupational Cancer Research Centre, Cancer Care Ontario, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Michael Hendryx
- School of Public Health, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, United States
| | - Miriam L Diamond
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Amina Salamova
- O'Neill School of Public and Environmental Affairs, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, United States
| | - Marta Venier
- O'Neill School of Public and Environmental Affairs, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, United States.
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17
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Du M, Mullins BJ, Franklin P, Musk AW, Elliot NSJ, Sodhi-Berry N, Junaldi E, de Klerk N, Reid A. Measurement of urinary 1-aminopyrene and 1-hydroxypyrene as biomarkers of exposure to diesel particulate matter in gold miners. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 685:723-728. [PMID: 31234134 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.06.242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Revised: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Metabolites of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons measured in human samples are often used as biomarkers of exposure to diesel engine exhaust (DEE). The aim of this study was to assess the changes in urinary levels of 1-aminopyrene (1-AP) and 1-hydroxypyrene (1-OHP) and their relationship with Elemental Carbon (EC), as a component of diesel engine exhaust exposure, among a hard-rock gold-mining population. Urine samples were collected at the beginning and end of a 12-hour work shift from 100 underground and above ground gold miners. Miners were fitted with personal exposure monitoring equipment to quantify exposure to DEE, measured as Elemental Carbon (EC), across their 12-hour work shift. General linear regression assessed associations of the post-shift urinary 1-AP and 1-OHP concentrations with EC, controlling for age, gender, the pre-shift biomarker level, Body Mass Index (BMI), days on current shift, time in mining, smoking status and second-hand smoke exposure. The concentrations of 1-AP and 1-OHP increased significantly across a 12-hour mining work shift. Moreover, consistent with the sensitivity analysis, the concentration of 1-AP was significantly associated with EC after adjustments. Urinary 1-OHP, but not 1-AP was significantly associated with current smoking. Urinary 1-AP may be a more robust and specific biomarker of DEE than 1-OHP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengran Du
- School of Public Health, Curtin University, Kent Street, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Benjamin J Mullins
- School of Public Health, Curtin University, Kent Street, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Peter Franklin
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, School of Population and Global Health, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Western Australia, Australia
| | - A W Musk
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, School of Population and Global Health, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Novak S J Elliot
- School of Public Health, Curtin University, Kent Street, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Nita Sodhi-Berry
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, School of Population and Global Health, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Edwin Junaldi
- School of Public Health, Curtin University, Kent Street, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Nicholas de Klerk
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, School of Population and Global Health, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Western Australia, Australia; Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Australia
| | - Alison Reid
- School of Public Health, Curtin University, Kent Street, Western Australia, Australia.
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18
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Tuanny Franco L, Mousavi Khaneghah A, In Lee SH, Fernandes Oliveira CA. Biomonitoring of mycotoxin exposure using urinary biomarker approaches: a review. TOXIN REV 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/15569543.2019.1619086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Tuanny Franco
- Department of Food Engineering, School of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Amin Mousavi Khaneghah
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Engineering, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sarah Hwa In Lee
- Department of Food Engineering, School of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Alberts J, Rheeder J, Gelderblom W, Shephard G, Burger HM. Rural Subsistence Maize Farming in South Africa: Risk Assessment and Intervention models for Reduction of Exposure to Fumonisin Mycotoxins. Toxins (Basel) 2019; 11:toxins11060334. [PMID: 31212811 PMCID: PMC6628387 DOI: 10.3390/toxins11060334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 04/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Maize is a staple crop in rural subsistence regions of southern Africa, is mainly produced for direct household consumption and is often contaminated with high levels of mycotoxins. Chronic exposure to mycotoxins is a risk factor for human diseases as it is implicated in the development of cancer, neural tube defects as well as stunting in children. Although authorities may set maximum levels, these regulations are not effective in subsistence farming communities. As maize is consumed in large quantities, exposure to mycotoxins will surpass safe levels even where the contamination levels are below the regulated maximum levels. It is clear that the lowering of exposure in these communities requires an integrated approach. Detailed understanding of agricultural practices, mycotoxin occurrence, climate change/weather patterns, human exposure and risk are warranted to guide adequate intervention programmes. Risk communication and creating awareness in affected communities are also critical. A range of biologically based products for control of mycotoxigenic fungi and mycotoxins in maize have been developed and commercialised. Application of these methods is limited due to a lack of infrastructure and resources. Other challenges regarding integration and sustainability of technological and community-based mycotoxin reduction strategies include (i) food security, and (ii) the traditional use of mouldy maize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Alberts
- Mycotoxicology Research Group, Institute of Biomedical and Microbial Biotechnology, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Bellville 7535, South Africa.
| | - John Rheeder
- Mycotoxicology Research Group, Institute of Biomedical and Microbial Biotechnology, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Bellville 7535, South Africa.
| | - Wentzel Gelderblom
- Mycotoxicology Research Group, Institute of Biomedical and Microbial Biotechnology, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Bellville 7535, South Africa.
| | - Gordon Shephard
- Mycotoxicology Research Group, Institute of Biomedical and Microbial Biotechnology, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Bellville 7535, South Africa.
| | - Hester-Mari Burger
- Mycotoxicology Research Group, Institute of Biomedical and Microbial Biotechnology, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Bellville 7535, South Africa.
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Kromerová K, Bencko V. Added value of human biomonitoring in assessment of general population exposure to xenobiotics. Cent Eur J Public Health 2019; 27:68-72. [DOI: 10.21101/cejph.a5348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Ratelle M, Skinner K, Laird MJ, Majowicz S, Brandow D, Packull-McCormick S, Bouchard M, Dieme D, Stark KD, Henao JJA, Hanning R, Laird BD. Implementation of human biomonitoring in the Dehcho region of the Northwest Territories, Canada (2016-2017). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 76:73. [PMID: 30524727 PMCID: PMC6276191 DOI: 10.1186/s13690-018-0318-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Background Human biomonitoring represents an important tool for health risk assessment, supporting the characterization of contaminant exposure and nutrient status. In communities where country foods (locally harvested foods: land animals, fish, birds, plants) are integrated in the daily diet, as is the case in remote northern regions where food security is a challenge, such foods can potentially be a significant route of contaminant exposure. To assess this issue, a biomonitoring project was implemented among Dene/Métis communities of the Dehcho region of the Northwest Territories, Canada. Methods Participants completed dietary surveys (i.e., a food frequency questionnaire and 24-h recall) to estimate food consumption patterns as well as a Health Messages Survey to evaluate the awareness and perception of contaminants and consumption notices. Biological sampling of hair, urine and blood was conducted. Toxic metals (e.g., mercury, lead, cadmium), essential metals (e.g., copper, nickel, zinc), fatty acids, and persistent organic pollutants (POPs) were measured in samples. Results The levels of contaminants in blood, hair and urine for the majority of participants were below the available guidance values for mercury, cadmium, lead and uranium. However, from the 279 participants, approximately 2% were invited to provide follow up samples, mainly for elevated mercury level. Also, at the population level, blood lead (GM: 11 μg/L) and blood cadmium (GM: 0.53 μg/L) were slightly above the Canadian Health Measures Survey data. Therefore, although country foods occasionally contain elevated levels of particular contaminants, human exposures to these metals remained similar to those seen in the Canadian general population. In addition, dietary data showed the importance and diversity of country foods across participating communities, with the consumption of an average of 5.1% of total calories from wild-harvested country foods. Conclusion This project completed in the Mackenzie Valley of the Northwest Territories fills a data gap across other biomonitoring studies in Canada as it integrates community results, will support stakeholders in the development of public health strategies, and will inform environmental health issue prioritization. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13690-018-0318-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mylène Ratelle
- 1School of Public Health and Health Systems, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave W, Waterloo, ON Canada
| | - Kelly Skinner
- 1School of Public Health and Health Systems, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave W, Waterloo, ON Canada
| | - Matthew J Laird
- 1School of Public Health and Health Systems, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave W, Waterloo, ON Canada
| | - Shannon Majowicz
- 1School of Public Health and Health Systems, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave W, Waterloo, ON Canada
| | - Danielle Brandow
- 1School of Public Health and Health Systems, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave W, Waterloo, ON Canada
| | - Sara Packull-McCormick
- 1School of Public Health and Health Systems, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave W, Waterloo, ON Canada
| | - Michèle Bouchard
- 2Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, 2900 Edouard-Montpetit, Montreal, QC Canada
| | - Denis Dieme
- 2Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, 2900 Edouard-Montpetit, Montreal, QC Canada
| | - Ken D Stark
- 1School of Public Health and Health Systems, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave W, Waterloo, ON Canada
| | - Juan Jose Aristizabal Henao
- 1School of Public Health and Health Systems, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave W, Waterloo, ON Canada
| | - Rhona Hanning
- 1School of Public Health and Health Systems, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave W, Waterloo, ON Canada
| | - Brian D Laird
- 1School of Public Health and Health Systems, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave W, Waterloo, ON Canada
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Salthammer T, Zhang Y, Mo J, Koch HM, Weschler CJ. Erfassung der Humanexposition mit organischen Verbindungen in Innenraumumgebungen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201711023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tunga Salthammer
- Fachbereich Materialanalytik und Innenluftchemie; Fraunhofer WKI; 38108 Braunschweig Bienroder Weg 54E Deutschland
| | - Yinping Zhang
- Department of Building Science; Tsinghua University; Beijing Key Laboratory of Indoor Air Quality Evaluation and Control; Beijing 100084 PR China
| | - Jinhan Mo
- Department of Building Science; Tsinghua University; Beijing Key Laboratory of Indoor Air Quality Evaluation and Control; Beijing 100084 PR China
| | - Holger M. Koch
- Institut für Prävention und Arbeitsmedizin der Deutschen Gesetzlichen Unfallversicherung (IPA); Institut der Ruhr-Universität Bochum; 44789 Bochum Bürkle-de-la-Camp Platz 1 Deutschland
| | - Charles J. Weschler
- Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute (EOHSI); Rutgers University; 170 Frelinghuysen Road Piscataway NJ 08854 USA
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Salthammer T, Zhang Y, Mo J, Koch HM, Weschler CJ. Assessing Human Exposure to Organic Pollutants in the Indoor Environment. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201711023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tunga Salthammer
- Department of Material Analysis and Indoor Chemistry; Fraunhofer WKI; 38108 Braunschweig Bienroder Weg 54E Germany
| | - Yinping Zhang
- Department of Building Science; Tsinghua University; Beijing Key Laboratory of Indoor Air Quality Evaluation and Control; Beijing 100084 PR China
| | - Jinhan Mo
- Department of Building Science; Tsinghua University; Beijing Key Laboratory of Indoor Air Quality Evaluation and Control; Beijing 100084 PR China
| | - Holger M. Koch
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance (IPA); Institute of the Ruhr-University Bochum; 44789 Bochum Bürkle-de-la-Camp Platz 1 Germany
| | - Charles J. Weschler
- Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute (EOHSI); Rutgers University; 170 Frelinghuysen Road Piscataway NJ 08854 USA
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Creager ANH. Human bodies as chemical sensors: A history of biomonitoring for environmental health and regulation. STUDIES IN HISTORY AND PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE 2018; 70:70-81. [PMID: 30122256 DOI: 10.1016/j.shpsa.2018.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2017] [Revised: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The testing of human blood and urine for signs of chemical exposure has become the "gold standard" of environmental public health, leading to ongoing population studies in the US and Europe. Such methods first emerged over a century ago in medical and occupational contexts, as a means to calibrate drug doses for patients and prevent injury to workers from chemical or radiation exposure. This paper analyzes how human bodies have come to serve as unconscious sensors of their environments: containers of chemical information determined by expert testers. As seen in the case of lead testing in the US, these bodily traces of contaminants can provide compelling evidence about dangerous exposures in everyday life, useful in achieving stronger regulation of industry. The use of genetic testing of workers by Dow Chemical provides an example of industry itself undertaking biomonitoring, though the company discontinued the program at the same time its studies indicated chromosomal damage in connection with occupational exposure to certain chemicals. In this case and others, biomonitoring raises complex questions about informing subjects, interpreting exposure in the many cases for which health effects at low doses are unknown, and who should take responsibility for protection, compensation, or remediation. Further, the history of biomonitoring complicates how we understand human 'experience' of the global environment by pointing to the role of non-sensory-yet detectable-bodily exposures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela N H Creager
- Department of History, Princeton University, 136 Dickinson Hall, Princeton, NJ 08544-1174, United States.
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Werder EJ, Gam KB, Engel LS, Kwok RK, Ekenga CC, Curry MD, Chambers DM, Blair A, Miller AK, Birnbaum LS, Sandler DP. Predictors of blood volatile organic compound levels in Gulf coast residents. JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE & ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY 2018; 28:358-370. [PMID: 29288257 PMCID: PMC6013310 DOI: 10.1038/s41370-017-0010-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2017] [Revised: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
To address concerns among Gulf Coast residents about ongoing exposures to volatile organic compounds, including benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, o-xylene, and m-xylene/p-xylene (BTEX), we characterized current blood levels and identified predictors of BTEX among Gulf state residents. We collected questionnaire data on recent exposures and measured blood BTEX levels in a convenience sample of 718 Gulf residents. Because BTEX is rapidly cleared from the body, blood levels represent recent exposures in the past 24 h. We compared participants' levels of blood BTEX to a nationally representative sample. Among nonsmokers we assessed predictors of blood BTEX levels using linear regression, and predicted the risk of elevated BTEX levels using modified Poisson regression. Blood BTEX levels in Gulf residents were similar to national levels. Among nonsmokers, sex and reporting recent smoky/chemical odors predicted blood BTEX. The change in log benzene was -0.26 (95% CI: -0.47, -0.04) and 0.72 (0.02, 1.42) for women and those who reported odors, respectively. Season, time spent away from home, and self-reported residential proximity to Superfund sites (within a half mile) were statistically associated with benzene only, however mean concentration was nearly an order of magnitude below that of cigarette smokers. Among these Gulf residents, smoking was the primary contributor to blood BTEX levels, but other factors were also relevant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily J Werder
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Kaitlyn B Gam
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
- Department of Global Environmental Health Sciences, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Lawrence S Engel
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Richard K Kwok
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | | | | | - David M Chambers
- Emergency Response and Air Toxicants Branch, Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Aaron Blair
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Aubrey K Miller
- Office of the Director, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Linda S Birnbaum
- Office of the Director, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Dale P Sandler
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA.
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Dixon HM, Scott RP, Holmes D, Calero L, Kincl LD, Waters KM, Camann DE, Calafat AM, Herbstman JB, Anderson KA. Silicone wristbands compared with traditional polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon exposure assessment methods. Anal Bioanal Chem 2018; 410:3059-3071. [PMID: 29607448 PMCID: PMC5910488 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-018-0992-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Revised: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Currently there is a lack of inexpensive, easy-to-use technology to evaluate human exposure to environmental chemicals, including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). This is the first study in which silicone wristbands were deployed alongside two traditional personal PAH exposure assessment methods: active air monitoring with samplers (i.e., polyurethane foam (PUF) and filter) housed in backpacks, and biological sampling with urine. We demonstrate that wristbands worn for 48 h in a non-occupational setting recover semivolatile PAHs, and we compare levels of PAHs in wristbands to PAHs in PUFs-filters and to hydroxy-PAH (OH-PAH) biomarkers in urine. We deployed all samplers simultaneously for 48 h on 22 pregnant women in an established urban birth cohort. Each woman provided one spot urine sample at the end of the 48-h period. Wristbands recovered PAHs with similar detection frequencies to PUFs-filters. Of the 62 PAHs tested for in the 22 wristbands, 51 PAHs were detected in at least one wristband. In this cohort of pregnant women, we found more significant correlations between OH-PAHs and PAHs in wristbands than between OH-PAHs and PAHs in PUFs-filters. Only two comparisons between PAHs in PUFs-filters and OH-PAHs correlated significantly (rs = 0.53 and p = 0.01; rs = 0.44 and p = 0.04), whereas six comparisons between PAHs in wristbands and OH-PAHs correlated significantly (rs = 0.44 to 0.76 and p = 0.04 to <0.0001). These results support the utility of wristbands as a biologically relevant exposure assessment tool which can be easily integrated into environmental health studies. PAHs detected in samples collected from urban pregnant women ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Holly M Dixon
- Food Safety and Environmental Stewardship Program, Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, 1007 Agricultural and Life Sciences Building, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA
| | - Richard P Scott
- Food Safety and Environmental Stewardship Program, Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, 1007 Agricultural and Life Sciences Building, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA
| | - Darrell Holmes
- Columbia Center for Children's Environmental Health, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 West 168th Street, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Lehyla Calero
- Columbia Center for Children's Environmental Health, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 West 168th Street, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Laurel D Kincl
- College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Oregon State University, 160 SW 26th St, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA
| | - Katrina M Waters
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA, 99352, USA
| | - David E Camann
- Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Division, Southwest Research Institute, P.O. Drawer 28510, San Antonio, TX, 78228-0510, USA
| | - Antonia M Calafat
- Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA, 30333, USA
| | - Julie B Herbstman
- Columbia Center for Children's Environmental Health, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 West 168th Street, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Kim A Anderson
- Food Safety and Environmental Stewardship Program, Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, 1007 Agricultural and Life Sciences Building, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA.
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Ataro Z, Geremew A, Urgessa F. Occupational health risk of working in garages: comparative study on blood pressure and hematological parameters between garage workers and Haramaya University community, Harar, eastern Ethiopia. Risk Manag Healthc Policy 2018; 11:35-44. [PMID: 29559815 PMCID: PMC5856037 DOI: 10.2147/rmhp.s154611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Occupational exposure to chemicals in garages causes a wide range of biological effects, depending upon the level and duration of exposure. In Ethiopia, there have been few studies conducted to assess the exposure of garage workers to chemicals. Preceding studies have not explored the effect of working in garage on blood pressure and hematological parameters. Therefore, this study aimed to assess differences in blood pressure and hematological parameters among garage workers compared to the Haramaya University community, Harar, eastern Ethiopia. Materials and methods A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted in Harar town, eastern Ethiopia. Thirty garage workers were selected and compared with 30 age- and sex-matched controls comprising of teachers and students. Demographic and occupational data were collected by using a structured questionnaire by a trained data collector. Blood pressure was measured using sphygmomanometry. Hematological parameters were measured with an automated hematology analyzer. Data were analyzed using Stata version 13. Results The majority of the garage workers did not implement effective preventive or control measures for workplace chemical exposure. Statistically significant increases were found in systolic (128.67±18.14 vs 106.33 ±9.27 mmHg, P<0.0001), diastolic blood pressure (90.33±11.29 vs 75.67 ±5.68 mmHg, P<0.0001), total white blood cells (7.9±1.51 vs 6.72±2.04×109 cells/L, P=0.0138), and platelets (323.20±48.82 vs 244.1±47.3×109 cells/L, P<0.0001) in garage workers compared to the control group. On the other hand, statistically significant decreases were found in red blood cells (5.13±0.38 vs 5.46±0.36×1012 cells/L, P=0.0006), hemoglobin (14.89±0.71 vs 15.45±0.87 g/dL, P=0.0062), hematocrit (43.98%±1.99% vs 46.4%3±2.32%, P<0.0001), and mean corpuscular volume (83.19±2.93 vs 85.11±3.87 fL, P=0.0353) among garage workers compared to the control group. Conclusion There were significant differences in blood pressure and hematological parameters between garage workers and the control group. Therefore, appropriate and effective safety measures need to be taken by the workers to prevent possible chemical exposure during routine tasks.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Abraham Geremew
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
| | - Fekadu Urgessa
- School of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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Fortney L, Podein R, Hernke M. Detoxification. Integr Med (Encinitas) 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-35868-2.00106-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Anderson KA, Points GL, Donald CE, Dixon HM, Scott RP, Wilson G, Tidwell LG, Hoffman PD, Herbstman JB, O'Connell SG. Preparation and performance features of wristband samplers and considerations for chemical exposure assessment. JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE & ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY 2017; 27:551-559. [PMID: 28745305 PMCID: PMC5658681 DOI: 10.1038/jes.2017.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 05/19/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Wristbands are increasingly used for assessing personal chemical exposures. Unlike some exposure assessment tools, guidelines for wristbands, such as preparation, applicable chemicals, and transport and storage logistics, are lacking. We tested the wristband's capacity to capture and retain 148 chemicals including polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), pesticides, flame retardants, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and volatile organic chemicals (VOCs). The chemicals span a wide range of physical-chemical properties, with log octanol-air partitioning coefficients from 2.1 to 13.7. All chemicals were quantitatively and precisely recovered from initial exposures, averaging 102% recovery with relative SD ≤21%. In simulated transport conditions at +30 °C, SVOCs were stable up to 1 month (average: 104%) and VOC levels were unchanged (average: 99%) for 7 days. During long-term storage at -20 °C up to 3 (VOCs) or 6 months (SVOCs), all chemical levels were stable from chemical degradation or diffusional losses, averaging 110%. Applying a paired wristband/active sampler study with human participants, the first estimates of wristband-air partitioning coefficients for PAHs are presented to aid in environmental air concentration estimates. Extrapolation of these stability results to other chemicals within the same physical-chemical parameters is expected to yield similar results. As we better define wristband characteristics, wristbands can be better integrated in exposure science and epidemiological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim A Anderson
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, 1007 Agricultural and Life Sciences Building, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA. Tel.: +1 541 737 8501. Fax: +1 541 737 0497. E-mail:
| | - Gary L Points
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
| | - Carey E Donald
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
| | - Holly M Dixon
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
| | - Richard P Scott
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
| | - Glenn Wilson
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
| | - Lane G Tidwell
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
| | - Peter D Hoffman
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
| | - Julie B Herbstman
- Columbia Center for Children’s Environmental Health, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Steven G O'Connell
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
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Alberts J, Lilly M, Rheeder J, Burger HM, Shephard G, Gelderblom W. Technological and community-based methods to reduce mycotoxin exposure. Food Control 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2016.05.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Zidek A, Macey K, MacKinnon L, Patel M, Poddalgoda D, Zhang Y. A review of human biomonitoring data used in regulatory risk assessment under Canada's Chemicals Management Program. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2017; 220:167-178. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2016.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Revised: 09/29/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Dong Z, Liu Y, Duan L, Bekele D, Naidu R. Uncertainties in human health risk assessment of environmental contaminants: A review and perspective. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2015; 85:120-32. [PMID: 26386465 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2015.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2015] [Revised: 08/31/2015] [Accepted: 09/02/2015] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Addressing uncertainties in human health risk assessment is a critical issue when evaluating the effects of contaminants on public health. A range of uncertainties exist through the source-to-outcome continuum, including exposure assessment, hazard and risk characterisation. While various strategies have been applied to characterising uncertainty, classical approaches largely rely on how to maximise the available resources. Expert judgement, defaults and tools for characterising quantitative uncertainty attempt to fill the gap between data and regulation requirements. The experiences of researching 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) illustrated uncertainty sources and how to maximise available information to determine uncertainties, and thereby provide an 'adequate' protection to contaminant exposure. As regulatory requirements and recurring issues increase, the assessment of complex scenarios involving a large number of chemicals requires more sophisticated tools. Recent advances in exposure and toxicology science provide a large data set for environmental contaminants and public health. In particular, biomonitoring information, in vitro data streams and computational toxicology are the crucial factors in the NexGen risk assessment, as well as uncertainties minimisation. Although in this review we cannot yet predict how the exposure science and modern toxicology will develop in the long-term, current techniques from emerging science can be integrated to improve decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaomin Dong
- The Faculty of Science and Information Technology, University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia
| | - Yanju Liu
- The Faculty of Science and Information Technology, University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia
| | - Luchun Duan
- The Faculty of Science and Information Technology, University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia
| | - Dawit Bekele
- The Faculty of Science and Information Technology, University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia
| | - Ravi Naidu
- The Faculty of Science and Information Technology, University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia.
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Stiegel MA, Pleil JD, Sobus JR, Angrish MM, Morgan MK. Kidney injury biomarkers and urinary creatinine variability in nominally healthy adults. Biomarkers 2015; 20:436-52. [DOI: 10.3109/1354750x.2015.1094136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. A. Stiegel
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA,
- ORISE, US EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA, and
| | - J. D. Pleil
- National Exposure Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - J. R. Sobus
- National Exposure Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | | | - M. K. Morgan
- National Exposure Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
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Joas A, Knudsen LE, Kolossa-Gehring M, Sepai O, Casteleyn L, Schoeters G, Angerer J, Castaño A, Aerts D, Biot P, Horvat M, Bloemen L, Reis MF, Lupsa IR, Katsonouri A, Cerna M, Berglund M, Crettaz P, Rudnai P, Halzlova K, Mulcahy M, Gutleb AC, Fischer ME, Becher G, Fréry N, Jensen G, Van Vliet L, Koch HM, Den Hond E, Fiddicke U, Esteban M, Exley K, Schwedler G, Seiwert M, Ligocka D, Hohenblum P, Kyrtopoulos S, Botsivali M, DeFelip E, Guillou C, Reniero F, Grazuleviciene R, Veidebaum T, Mørck TA, Nielsen JKS, Jensen JF, Rivas TC, Sanchez J, Koppen G, Smolders R, Kozepesy S, Hadjipanayis A, Krskova A, Mannion R, Jakubowski M, Fucic JA, Pereira-Miguel J, Gurzau AE, Jajcaj M, Mazej D, Tratnik JS, Lehmann A, Larsson K, Dumez B, Joas R. Policy recommendations and cost implications for a more sustainable framework for European human biomonitoring surveys. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2015; 141:42-57. [PMID: 25526891 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2014.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2014] [Revised: 10/08/2014] [Accepted: 10/09/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The potential of Human Biomonitoring (HBM) in exposure characterisation and risk assessment is well established in the scientific HBM community and regulatory arena by many publications. The European Environment and Health Strategy as well as the Environment and Health Action Plan 2004-2010 of the European Commission recognised the value of HBM and the relevance and importance of coordination of HBM programmes in Europe. Based on existing and planned HBM projects and programmes of work and capabilities in Europe the Seventh Framework Programme (FP 7) funded COPHES (COnsortium to Perform Human Biomonitoring on a European Scale) to advance and improve comparability of HBM data across Europe. The pilot study protocol was tested in 17 European countries in the DEMOCOPHES feasibility study (DEMOnstration of a study to COordinate and Perform Human biomonitoring on a European Scale) cofunded (50%) under the LIFE+ programme of the European Commission. The potential of HBM in supporting and evaluating policy making (including e.g. REACH) and in awareness raising on environmental health, should significantly advance the process towards a fully operational, continuous, sustainable and scientifically based EU HBM programme. From a number of stakeholder activities during the past 10 years and the national engagement, a framework for sustainable HBM structure in Europe is recommended involving national institutions within environment, health and food as well as European institutions such as ECHA, EEA, and EFSA. An economic frame with shared cost implications for national and European institutions is suggested benefitting from the capacity building set up by COPHES/DEMOCOPHES.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Greet Schoeters
- VITO, Environmental Risks and Health Unit, Belgium; University of Antwerp, Belgium, Southern Denmark University, Denmark
| | - Jürgen Angerer
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance-Institute of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum (IPA), Germany
| | - Argelia Castaño
- Environmental Toxicology, CNSA-Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain
| | - Dominique Aerts
- Federal Public Service Health, Food Chain Safety and Environment, Belgium
| | - Pierre Biot
- Federal Public Service Health, Food Chain Safety and Environment, Belgium
| | | | - Louis Bloemen
- Environmental Health Sciences International, The Netherlands
| | - M Fátima Reis
- Medical Faculty of the University of Lisbon, Portugal
| | | | | | - Milena Cerna
- National Institute of Public Health, Czech Republic
| | | | | | - Peter Rudnai
- National Institute of Environmental Health, Hungary
| | | | | | - Arno C Gutleb
- Centre de Recherche Public - Gabriel Lippmann, Luxembourg
| | | | | | - Nadine Fréry
- French Institute for Public Health Surveillance, France
| | | | | | - Holger M Koch
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance-Institute of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum (IPA), Germany
| | | | | | - Marta Esteban
- Environmental Toxicology, CNSA-Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Claude Guillou
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Institute for Health and Consumer Protection (IHCP), Italy
| | - Fabiano Reniero
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Institute for Health and Consumer Protection (IHCP), Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Teresa C Rivas
- Environmental Toxicology, CNSA-Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain
| | - Jinny Sanchez
- Environmental Toxicology, CNSA-Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Adamos Hadjipanayis
- Larnaca General Hospital, Ministry of Health, School of Medicine, European University of Cyprus, Cyprus
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Michal Jajcaj
- Urad Verejneho Zdravotnictva Slovenskej Republiky, Slovakia
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Smolders R, Den Hond E, Koppen G, Govarts E, Willems H, Casteleyn L, Kolossa-Gehring M, Fiddicke U, Castaño A, Koch HM, Angerer J, Esteban M, Sepai O, Exley K, Bloemen L, Horvat M, Knudsen LE, Joas A, Joas R, Biot P, Aerts D, Katsonouri A, Hadjipanayis A, Cerna M, Krskova A, Schwedler G, Seiwert M, Nielsen JKS, Rudnai P, Közepesy S, Evans DS, Ryan MP, Gutleb AC, Fischer ME, Ligocka D, Jakubowski M, Reis MF, Namorado S, Lupsa IR, Gurzau AE, Halzlova K, Fabianova E, Mazej D, Tratnik Snoj J, Gomez S, González S, Berglund M, Larsson K, Lehmann A, Crettaz P, Schoeters G. Interpreting biomarker data from the COPHES/DEMOCOPHES twin projects: Using external exposure data to understand biomarker differences among countries. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2015; 141:86-95. [PMID: 25440294 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2014.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2014] [Revised: 08/13/2014] [Accepted: 08/14/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In 2011 and 2012, the COPHES/DEMOCOPHES twin projects performed the first ever harmonized human biomonitoring survey in 17 European countries. In more than 1800 mother-child pairs, individual lifestyle data were collected and cadmium, cotinine and certain phthalate metabolites were measured in urine. Total mercury was determined in hair samples. While the main goal of the COPHES/DEMOCOPHES twin projects was to develop and test harmonized protocols and procedures, the goal of the current paper is to investigate whether the observed differences in biomarker values among the countries implementing DEMOCOPHES can be interpreted using information from external databases on environmental quality and lifestyle. In general, 13 countries having implemented DEMOCOPHES provided high-quality data from external sources that were relevant for interpretation purposes. However, some data were not available for reporting or were not in line with predefined specifications. Therefore, only part of the external information could be included in the statistical analyses. Nonetheless, there was a highly significant correlation between national levels of fish consumption and mercury in hair, the strength of antismoking legislation was significantly related to urinary cotinine levels, and we were able to show indications that also urinary cadmium levels were associated with environmental quality and food quality. These results again show the potential of biomonitoring data to provide added value for (the evaluation of) evidence-informed policy making.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Smolders
- Flemish Institute of Technological Research (VITO), Environmental Risks and Health Unit, Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium.
| | - E Den Hond
- Flemish Institute of Technological Research (VITO), Environmental Risks and Health Unit, Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium
| | - G Koppen
- Flemish Institute of Technological Research (VITO), Environmental Risks and Health Unit, Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium
| | - E Govarts
- Flemish Institute of Technological Research (VITO), Environmental Risks and Health Unit, Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium
| | - H Willems
- Flemish Institute of Technological Research (VITO), Environmental Risks and Health Unit, Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium
| | | | | | - U Fiddicke
- Federal Environment Agency (UBA), Germany
| | - A Castaño
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain
| | - H M Koch
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance - Institute of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum (IPA), Germany
| | - J Angerer
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance - Institute of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum (IPA), Germany
| | - M Esteban
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain
| | - O Sepai
- Public Health England, United Kingdom
| | - K Exley
- Public Health England, United Kingdom
| | - L Bloemen
- Environmental Health Sciences International, The Netherlands
| | - M Horvat
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Slovenia
| | | | | | | | - P Biot
- FPS Health, Food Chain Safety and Environment, Belgium
| | - D Aerts
- FPS Health, Food Chain Safety and Environment, Belgium
| | - A Katsonouri
- State General Laboratory, Ministry of Health, Cyprus
| | | | - M Cerna
- National Institute of Public Health, Czech Republic
| | - A Krskova
- National Institute of Public Health, Czech Republic
| | | | - M Seiwert
- Federal Environment Agency (UBA), Germany
| | | | - P Rudnai
- National Institute of Environmental Health, Hungary
| | - S Közepesy
- National Institute of Environmental Health, Hungary
| | - D S Evans
- Health Service Executive (HSE), Ireland
| | - M P Ryan
- University College Dublin (UCD), Ireland
| | - A C Gutleb
- Centre de Recherche Public - Gabriel Lippmann, Luxembourg
| | | | - D Ligocka
- Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Poland
| | - M Jakubowski
- Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Poland
| | - M F Reis
- Faculdade de Medicina de Lisboa, Portugal
| | - S Namorado
- Faculdade de Medicina de Lisboa, Portugal
| | - I-R Lupsa
- Environmental Health Center, Romania
| | | | - K Halzlova
- Úrad verejného zdravotníctva Slovenskej republiky, Slovakia
| | - E Fabianova
- Úrad verejného zdravotníctva Slovenskej republiky, Slovakia
| | - D Mazej
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Slovenia
| | | | - S Gomez
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain
| | | | | | | | - A Lehmann
- Federal Office of Public Health (FOPH), Switzerland
| | - P Crettaz
- Federal Office of Public Health (FOPH), Switzerland
| | - G Schoeters
- Flemish Institute of Technological Research (VITO), Environmental Risks and Health Unit, Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium; University of Antwerp, Belgium; Southern Denmark University, Odense, Denmark
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Choi J, Aarøe Mørck T, Polcher A, Knudsen LE, Joas A. Review of the state of the art of human biomonitoring for chemical substances and its application to human exposure assessment for food safety. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.2903/sp.efsa.2015.en-724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Judy Choi
- Judy Choi Alexandra Polcher Anke Joas
| | | | | | | | - Anke Joas
- Judy Choi Alexandra Polcher Anke Joas
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Ekman E, Faniband MH, Littorin M, Maxe M, Jönsson BA, Lindh CH. Determination of 5-hydroxythiabendazole in human urine as a biomarker of exposure to thiabendazole using LC/MS/MS. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2014; 973C:61-67. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2014.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2014] [Revised: 09/03/2014] [Accepted: 10/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Neophytou AM, Hart JE, Chang Y, Zhang JJ, Smith TJ, Garshick E, Laden F. Short-term traffic related exposures and biomarkers of nitro-PAH exposure and oxidative DNA damage. TOXICS 2014; 2:377-390. [PMID: 25254201 DOI: 10.3390/toxics2030377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to vehicle exhaust has been associated with cardiac and respiratory disease, lung cancer, and greater overall mortality. We investigated whether amino- polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (amino-PAH) metabolites of nitro-PAHs could be used as biomarkers of these exposures. Pre- and post-shift urine samples were collected at the beginning and end of a work week from 82 male U.S trucking industry workers. We used repeated-measures analysis to examine associations of total 1- and 2-aminonaphthalene (1 & 2-AN) and 1-aminopyrene (1-AP) urinary concentrations with microenvironment exposures to particulate matter (PM2.5), elemental and organic carbon, and between 1&2-AN and 1-AP with urinary 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG). There was an association between work week mean PM2.5 levels and post-shift 1 & 2-AN, [141.8 pg/ml increase (95% CI:53.3, 230.2) for each IQR increase (5.54 µg/m3) in PM2.5,] but no associations with other exposure measures. There was a statistically significant increase in 8-OHdG concentrations with 1 & 2-AN (2.38 µg/mg creatinine (95%CI: 0.19, 4.58) per 242.85 pg/mg creatinine increase in 1 & 2-AN), and suggestive associations with all other exposure measures. Our findings suggest associations between urinary amino-PAHs with vehicle exhaust related PM2.5 as well as with a biomarker of oxidative DNA damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas M Neophytou
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA ; Division of Environmental Health Sciences, UC Berkeley School of Public Health, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Jaime E Hart
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA ; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's and Hospital Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yan Chang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Junfeng Jim Zhang
- Nicholas School of the Environment, & Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University Durham, NC, USA
| | - Thomas J Smith
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Eric Garshick
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Section, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA ; Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Francine Laden
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA ; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's and Hospital Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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40
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Washburn R. Measuring personal chemical exposures through biomonitoring: the experiences of research participants. QUALITATIVE HEALTH RESEARCH 2014; 24:329-344. [PMID: 24549408 DOI: 10.1177/1049732314521899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Using a technique called human biomonitoring, scientists can now measure hundreds of environmental chemicals and/or their metabolites in human body fluids and tissues. In this article, I examine the experiences of 28 women who participated in two different types of biomonitoring studies and received personal exposure results. I show that although the women's experiences of biomonitoring differed and were shaped by the contexts in which biomonitoring occurred, there were also remarkable similarities across contexts. Most notably, through the receipt of personal biomonitoring data, all of the women came to view themselves as partially, if not entirely, responsible for their chemical exposures (past, present, and future). These are novel findings, which suggest that as scientists increasingly measure individuals' exposures to environmental chemicals found in common consumer products and food, the distinctions between environmental and lifestyle risks are being blurred; that is, environmental risks are increasingly experienced as lifestyle risks.
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41
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Shephard GS, Burger HM, Gambacorta L, Gong YY, Krska R, Rheeder JP, Solfrizzo M, Srey C, Sulyok M, Visconti A, Warth B, van der Westhuizen L. Multiple mycotoxin exposure determined by urinary biomarkers in rural subsistence farmers in the former Transkei, South Africa. Food Chem Toxicol 2013; 62:217-25. [PMID: 23985452 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2013.08.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2013] [Revised: 07/15/2013] [Accepted: 08/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Subsistence farmers are exposed to a range of mycotoxins. This study applied novel urinary multi-mycotoxin LC-MS/MS methods to determine multiple exposure biomarkers in the high oesophageal cancer region, Transkei, South Africa. Fifty-three female participants donated part of their maize-based evening meal and first void morning urine, which was analysed both with sample clean-up (single and multi-biomarker) and by a 'dilute-and-shoot' multi-biomarker method. Results were corrected for recovery with LOD for not detected. A single biomarker method detected fumonisin B1 (FB1) (87% incidence; mean±standard deviation 0.342±0.466 ng/mg creatinine) and deoxynivalenol (100%; mean 20.4±49.4 ng/mg creatinine) after hydrolysis with β-glucuronidase. The multi-biomarker 'dilute-and-shoot' method indicated deoxynivalenol-15-glucuronide was predominantly present. A multi-biomarker method with β-glucuronidase and immunoaffinity clean-up determined zearalenone (100%; 0.529±1.60 ng/mg creatinine), FB1 (96%; 1.52±2.17 ng/mg creatinine), α-zearalenol (92%; 0.614±1.91 ng/mg creatinine), deoxynivalenol (87%; 11.3±27.1 ng/mg creatinine), β-zearalenol (75%; 0.702±2.95 ng/mg creatinine) and ochratoxin A (98%; 0.041±0.086 ng/mg creatinine). These demonstrate the value of multi-biomarker methods in measuring exposures in populations exposed to multiple mycotoxins. This is the first finding of urinary deoxynivalenol, zearalenone, their conjugates, ochratoxin A and zearalenols in Transkei.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gordon S Shephard
- PROMEC Unit, Medical Research Council, PO Box 19070, Tygerberg 7505, South Africa.
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Pearson RL, Logan PW, Kore AM, Strom CM, Brosseau LM, Kingston RL. Isocyanate exposure assessment combining industrial hygiene methods with biomonitoring for end users of orthopedic casting products. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 57:758-65. [PMID: 23680587 PMCID: PMC3718359 DOI: 10.1093/annhyg/mes110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have suggested a potential risk to healthcare workers applying isocyanate-containing casts, but the authors reached their conclusions based on immunological or clinical pulmonology test results alone. We designed a study to assess potential exposure to methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI) among medical personnel applying orthopedic casts using two different application methods. Air, dermal, surface, and glove permeation sampling methods were combined with urinary biomonitoring to assess the overall risk of occupational asthma to workers handling these materials. No MDI was detected in any of the personal and area air samples obtained. No glove permeation of MDI was detected. A small proportion of surface (3/45) and dermal wipe (1/60) samples were positive for MDI, but were all from inexperienced technicians. Urinary metabolites of MDI [methylenedianiline (MDA)] were detected in three of six study participants prior to both a 'dry' and 'wet' application method, five of six after the dry method, and three of six after the wet method. All MDA results were below levels noted in worker or general populations. Our conclusion is that the risk of MDI exposure is small, but unquantifiable. Because there is some potential risk of dermal exposure, medical personnel are instructed to wear a minimum of 5-mil-thick (5 mil = 0.005 inches) nitrile gloves and avoid contact to unprotected skin. This could include gauntlets, long sleeves, and/or a laboratory coat.
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43
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Egorov AI, Dalbokova D, Krzyzanowski M. Biomonitoring-based environmental public health indicators. Methods Mol Biol 2013; 930:275-93. [PMID: 23086846 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-62703-059-5_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
This chapter discusses the use ofbiomonitoring-based indicators of exposure to environmental pollutants in environmental health information systems. Matrices for biomonitoring, organization and standardization of surveillance programs, the use of intake and body burden data, and the interpretation of surveillance data are discussed. The concept of environmental public health indicators is demonstrated using the "Persistent organic pollutants in human milk" indicator implemented in the Environment and Health Information System (ENHIS) of the WHO Regional Office for Europe. This indicator is based on the data from the WHO-coordinated surveillance of persistent organic pollutants in human milk as well as data from selected national studies. The WHO survey data demonstrate a steady decline in breast milk concentrations of dioxins across Europe. The data from biomonitoring surveys in Sweden also show a steady decline of breast milk concentrations of most persistent organic pollutants since 1970s with the exception of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) which increased rapidly until the late 1990s and then started to decline after the implementation of policy measures aiming at reducing exposures. The application of human biomonitoring data in support of environmental public health policy actions requires carefully designed standardized and sustainable surveillance, comprehensive interpretation of the data, and an effective communication strategy based on credible information presented in the form of indicator factsheets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey I Egorov
- World Health Organization (WHO), Regional Office for Europe, European Centre for Environment and Health (ECEH), Bonn, Germany.
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44
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Schantz MM, Eppe G, Focant JF, Hamilton C, Heckert NA, Heltsley RM, Hoover D, Keller JM, Leigh SD, Patterson DG, Pintar AL, Sharpless KE, Sjödin A, Turner WE, Vander Pol SS, Wise SA. Milk and serum standard reference materials for monitoring organic contaminants in human samples. Anal Bioanal Chem 2013; 405:1203-11. [PMID: 23132544 PMCID: PMC5137192 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-012-6524-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2012] [Revised: 10/18/2012] [Accepted: 10/23/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Four new Standard Reference Materials (SRMs) have been developed to assist in the quality assurance of chemical contaminant measurements required for human biomonitoring studies, SRM 1953 Organic Contaminants in Non-Fortified Human Milk, SRM 1954 Organic Contaminants in Fortified Human Milk, SRM 1957 Organic Contaminants in Non-Fortified Human Serum, and SRM 1958 Organic Contaminants in Fortified Human Serum. These materials were developed as part of a collaboration between the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) with both agencies contributing data used in the certification of mass fraction values for a wide range of organic contaminants including polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners, chlorinated pesticides, polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) congeners, and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin (PCDD) and dibenzofuran (PCDF) congeners. The certified mass fractions of the organic contaminants in unfortified samples, SRM 1953 and SRM 1957, ranged from 12 ng/kg to 2200 ng/kg with the exception of 4,4'-DDE in SRM 1953 at 7400 ng/kg with expanded uncertainties generally <14 %. This agreement suggests that there were no significant biases existing among the multiple methods used for analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele M Schantz
- Analytical Chemistry Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA.
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45
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Nica DV, Bordean DM, Borozan AB, Gergen I, Bura M, Banatean-Dunea I. Use of land snails (pulmonata) for monitoring copper pollution in terrestrial ecosystems. REVIEWS OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2013; 225:95-137. [PMID: 23494558 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4614-6470-9_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dragos V Nica
- Faculty of Animal Sciences and Biotechnologies, Banat's University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, C. Aradului 119, 300645, Timisoara, Romania,
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46
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Kossowska B, Dudka I, Gancarz R, Antonowicz-Juchniewicz J. Application of classic epidemiological studies and proteomics in research of occupational and environmental exposure to lead, cadmium and arsenic. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2013; 216:1-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2012.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2011] [Revised: 02/16/2012] [Accepted: 03/07/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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47
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Inorganic cobalt supplementation: Prediction of cobalt levels in whole blood and urine using a biokinetic model. Food Chem Toxicol 2012; 50:2456-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2012.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2012] [Revised: 03/23/2012] [Accepted: 04/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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48
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Hall L, Iles A, Morello-Frosch R. Litigating Toxic Risks Ahead of Regulation: Biomonitoring Science in the Courtroom. STANFORD ENVIRONMENTAL LAW JOURNAL 2012; 31:3. [PMID: 25632174 PMCID: PMC4306276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Hall
- Associate, Knobbe Martens Olson & Bear LLP; J.D., University of California, Berkeley, School of Law
| | - Alastair Iles
- Assistant Professor, University of California, Berkeley, Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management; S.J.D., Harvard University, Environmental Law and Policy
| | - Rachel Morello-Frosch
- Associate Professor, University of California, Berkeley, Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management and the School of Public Health; Ph.D., University of California, Berkeley, School of Public Health
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49
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Human biological monitoring of diisononyl phthalate and diisodecyl phthalate: a review. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2012; 2012:810501. [PMID: 22505951 PMCID: PMC3306938 DOI: 10.1155/2012/810501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2011] [Accepted: 10/17/2011] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
High molecular-weight phthalates, such as diisononyl phthalate (DINP), and diisodecyl phthalate (DIDP), are widely used as plasticizers in the manufacturing of polymers and consumer products. Human biological monitoring studies have employed the metabolites of DINP and DIDP as biomarkers to assess human exposure. In this review, we summarize and analyze publicly available scientific data on chemistry, metabolism, and excretion kinetics, of DINP and DIDP, to identify specific and sensitive metabolites. Human biological monitoring data on DINP and DIDP are scrutinised to assess the suitability of these metabolites as biomarkers of exposure. Results from studies carried out in animals and humans indicate that phthalates are metabolised rapidly and do not bioaccmulate. During Phase-I metabolism, ester hydrolysis of DINP and DIDP leads to the formation of hydrolytic monoesters. These primary metabolites undergo further oxidation reactions to produce secondary metabolites. Hence, the levels of secondary metabolites of DINP and DIDP in urine are found to be always higher than the primary metabolites. Results from human biological monitoring studies have shown that the secondary metabolites of DINP and DIDP in urine were detected in almost all tested samples, while the primary metabolites were detected in only about 10% of the samples. This indicates that the secondary metabolites are very sensitive biomarkers of DINP/DIDP exposure while primary metabolites are not. The NHANES data indicate that the median concentrations of MCIOP and MCINP (secondary metabolites of DINP and DIDP, resp.) at a population level are about 5.1 μg/L and 2.7 μg/L, respectively. Moreover, the available biological monitoring data suggest that infants/children are exposed to higher levels of phthalates than adults.
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Tan YM, Sobus J, Chang D, Tornero-Velez R, Goldsmith M, Pleil J, Dary C. Reconstructing human exposures using biomarkers and other "clues". JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART B, CRITICAL REVIEWS 2012; 15:22-38. [PMID: 22202228 DOI: 10.1080/10937404.2012.632360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Biomonitoring is the process by which biomarkers are measured in human tissues and specimens to evaluate exposures. Given the growing number of population-based biomonitoring surveys, there is now an escalated interest in using biomarker data to reconstruct exposures for supporting risk assessment and risk management. While detection of biomarkers is de facto evidence of exposure and absorption, biomarker data cannot be used to reconstruct exposure unless other information is available to establish the external exposure-biomarker concentration relationship. In this review, the process of using biomarker data and other information to reconstruct human exposures is examined. Information that is essential to the exposure reconstruction process includes (1) the type of biomarker based on its origin (e.g., endogenous vs. exogenous), (2) the purpose/design of the biomonitoring study (e.g., occupational monitoring), (3) exposure information (including product/chemical use scenarios and reasons for expected contact, the physicochemical properties of the chemical and nature of the residues, and likely exposure scenarios), and (4) an understanding of the biological system and mechanisms of clearance. This review also presents the use of exposure modeling, pharmacokinetic modeling, and molecular modeling to assist in integrating these various types of information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Mei Tan
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Exposure Research Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA.
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