1
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Zekri Y, Poulsen R, Hansen M, Flamant F, Guyot R. Combining transcriptomics and metabolomics to assess neurodevelopmental alteration caused by in utero exposure of mice to three putative thyroid hormone system disruptors. Toxicology 2024; 508:153905. [PMID: 39134236 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2024.153905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2024] [Revised: 08/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/03/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
Gestating mice were exposed to three chemicals, tetrabromo-bisphenol A (TBBPA; 2 mg/kg/day), amitrole (25 and 50 mg/kg/day) and pyraclostrobin (0.4 and 2 mg/kg/day) to assess their capacity to act as thyroid hormone disruptors and compromise neurodevelopment. Propyl-thio-uracyl, a known pharmacological inhibitor of thyroid gland secretion, was used at both high and low dose as a reference thyroid hormone system disruptor (1 ppm, 1500 ppm). A combination of plasma metabolomics and striatum transcriptomics revealed the induced change in pups at the postnatal stages. Although the underlying mechanism is unlikely to involve thyroid hormone disruption, these chemicals had a detectable effect on pups' neurodevelopment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanis Zekri
- The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Rikke Poulsen
- Aarhus University, Department of Environmental Science, Roskilde 4000, Denmark; University of Victoria, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Victoria, BC, Canada.
| | - Martin Hansen
- University of Victoria, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Frédéric Flamant
- ENS de Lyon, INRAE, CNRS, Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon, Lyon 69364, France
| | - Romain Guyot
- ENS de Lyon, INRAE, CNRS, Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon, Lyon 69364, France
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2
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Eytcheson SA, Zosel AD, Olker JH, Hornung MW, Degitz SJ. Screening the ToxCast Chemical Libraries for Binding to Transthyretin. Chem Res Toxicol 2024. [PMID: 39258767 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.4c00215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2024]
Abstract
Transthyretin (TTR) is one of the serum binding proteins responsible for transport of thyroid hormones (TH) to target tissue and for maintaining the balance of available TH. Chemical binding to TTR and subsequent displacement of TH has been identified as an end point in screening chemicals for potential disruption of the thyroid system. To address the lack of data regarding chemicals binding to TTR, we optimized an in vitro assay utilizing the fluorescent probe 8-anilino-1-napthalenesulfonic acid (ANSA) and the human protein TTR to screen over 1500 chemicals from the U.S. EPA's ToxCast ph1_v2, ph2, and e1k libraries utilizing a tiered approach. Testing of a single high concentration (target 100 μM) resulted in 888 chemicals with 20% or greater activity based on displacement of ANSA from TTR. Of these, 282 chemicals had activity of 85% or greater and were further tested in 12-point concentration-response with target concentrations ranging from 0.015 to 100 μM. An EC50 was obtained for 276 of these 301 chemicals. To date, this is the largest set of chemicals screened for binding to TTR. Utilization of this assay is a significant contribution toward expanding the suite of in vitro assays used to identify chemicals with the potential to disrupt thyroid hormone homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie A Eytcheson
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, United States
- Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Duluth, Minnesota 55804, United States
| | - Alexander D Zosel
- Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Duluth, Minnesota 55804, United States
- Oak Ridge Associated Universities Student Services Contractor, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, United States
| | - Jennifer H Olker
- Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Duluth, Minnesota 55804, United States
| | - Michael W Hornung
- Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Duluth, Minnesota 55804, United States
| | - Sigmund J Degitz
- Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Duluth, Minnesota 55804, United States
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3
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Cohn EF, Clayton BLL, Madhavan M, Lee KA, Yacoub S, Fedorov Y, Scavuzzo MA, Paul Friedman K, Shafer TJ, Tesar PJ. Pervasive environmental chemicals impair oligodendrocyte development. Nat Neurosci 2024; 27:836-845. [PMID: 38528201 PMCID: PMC11088982 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-024-01599-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Exposure to environmental chemicals can impair neurodevelopment, and oligodendrocytes may be particularly vulnerable, as their development extends from gestation into adulthood. However, few environmental chemicals have been assessed for potential risks to oligodendrocytes. Here, using a high-throughput developmental screen in cultured cells, we identified environmental chemicals in two classes that disrupt oligodendrocyte development through distinct mechanisms. Quaternary compounds, ubiquitous in disinfecting agents and personal care products, were potently and selectively cytotoxic to developing oligodendrocytes, whereas organophosphate flame retardants, commonly found in household items such as furniture and electronics, prematurely arrested oligodendrocyte maturation. Chemicals from each class impaired oligodendrocyte development postnatally in mice and in a human 3D organoid model of prenatal cortical development. Analysis of epidemiological data showed that adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes were associated with childhood exposure to the top organophosphate flame retardant identified by our screen. This work identifies toxicological vulnerabilities for oligodendrocyte development and highlights the need for deeper scrutiny of these compounds' impacts on human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin F Cohn
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Benjamin L L Clayton
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Mayur Madhavan
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Kristin A Lee
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Sara Yacoub
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Yuriy Fedorov
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Marissa A Scavuzzo
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Katie Paul Friedman
- Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Timothy J Shafer
- Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Paul J Tesar
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA.
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4
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Poulsen R, Zekri Y, Guyot R, Flamant F, Hansen M. Effect of in utero and lactational exposure to a thyroid hormone system disrupting chemical on mouse metabolome and brain transcriptome. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 340:122783. [PMID: 37866749 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Mice were exposed to a low dose of the model thyroid hormone disruptor, propylthiouracil. Although this had only a modest effect on maternal thyroid hormones production, postnatal analysis of the pups' plasma by mass spectrometry and the brain striatum by RNA sequencing gave evidence of low lasting changes that could reflect an adverse effect on neurodevelopment. Overall, these methods proved to be sensitive enough to detect minor disruptions of thyroid hormone signalling in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rikke Poulsen
- Aarhus University, Department of Environmental Science, Frederiksborgvej 399, 4000, Roskilde, Denmark.
| | - Yanis Zekri
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon I, CNRS, UMR 5242, INRAE USC 1370 Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon 46 allée d'Italie, 69364, Lyon, France
| | - Romain Guyot
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon I, CNRS, UMR 5242, INRAE USC 1370 Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon 46 allée d'Italie, 69364, Lyon, France
| | - Frédéric Flamant
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon I, CNRS, UMR 5242, INRAE USC 1370 Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon 46 allée d'Italie, 69364, Lyon, France
| | - Martin Hansen
- Aarhus University, Department of Environmental Science, Frederiksborgvej 399, 4000, Roskilde, Denmark
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5
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Kühne R, Hilscherová K, Smutna M, Leßmöllmann F, Schüürmann G. In silico bioavailability triggers applied to direct and indirect thyroid hormone disruptors. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 348:140611. [PMID: 37972869 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Among endocrine disruption, interference with the thyroid hormone (TH) regulation is of increasing concern. Respective compounds encode through their structural features both the potential for TH disruption, and the bioavailability mitigating the toxicological effect. The aim of this study is to provide a substructure-based screening-level QSAR (quantitative structure-activity relationship) that discriminates bioavailable TH disruptors from not bioavailable counterparts, covering both direct and indirect (retinoid- and AhR-mediated) modes of action. The QSAR has been derived from literature data for 1642 compounds, and takes into account Lipinski's rule-of-five and the brain/blood partition coefficient Kbrain/blood. For its validation, an external test set of 145 substances has been used. For 1787 compounds meeting the model application domain, the model yields only one false negative. The discussion addresses the mechanistic meaning of the bioavailability triggers molecular weight, H-bond donor and acceptor, hydrophobicity (log Kow), and the physicochemical properties underlying log Kbrain/blood. The model may serve as bioavailability-screening step within a decision support system for the predictive assessment of chemicals regarding their potential to disrupt thyroid hormone function in a direct or indirect manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralph Kühne
- UFZ Department of Ecological Chemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Permoserstr. 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Klára Hilscherová
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlarska 2, 61137, Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Marie Smutna
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlarska 2, 61137, Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Friederike Leßmöllmann
- UFZ Department of Ecological Chemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Permoserstr. 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany; Institute of Organic Chemistry, Technical University Bergakademie Freiberg, Leipziger Str. 29, 09596, Freiberg, Germany.
| | - Gerrit Schüürmann
- UFZ Department of Ecological Chemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Permoserstr. 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany; Institute of Organic Chemistry, Technical University Bergakademie Freiberg, Leipziger Str. 29, 09596, Freiberg, Germany.
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6
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Arturi K, Hollender J. Machine Learning-Based Hazard-Driven Prioritization of Features in Nontarget Screening of Environmental High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry Data. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:18067-18079. [PMID: 37279189 PMCID: PMC10666537 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c00304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Nontarget high-resolution mass spectrometry screening (NTS HRMS/MS) can detect thousands of organic substances in environmental samples. However, new strategies are needed to focus time-intensive identification efforts on features with the highest potential to cause adverse effects instead of the most abundant ones. To address this challenge, we developed MLinvitroTox, a machine learning framework that uses molecular fingerprints derived from fragmentation spectra (MS2) for a rapid classification of thousands of unidentified HRMS/MS features as toxic/nontoxic based on nearly 400 target-specific and over 100 cytotoxic endpoints from ToxCast/Tox21. Model development results demonstrated that using customized molecular fingerprints and models, over a quarter of toxic endpoints and the majority of the associated mechanistic targets could be accurately predicted with sensitivities exceeding 0.95. Notably, SIRIUS molecular fingerprints and xboost (Extreme Gradient Boosting) models with SMOTE (Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique) for handling data imbalance were a universally successful and robust modeling configuration. Validation of MLinvitroTox on MassBank spectra showed that toxicity could be predicted from molecular fingerprints derived from MS2 with an average balanced accuracy of 0.75. By applying MLinvitroTox to environmental HRMS/MS data, we confirmed the experimental results obtained with target analysis and narrowed the analytical focus from tens of thousands of detected signals to 783 features linked to potential toxicity, including 109 spectral matches and 30 compounds with confirmed toxic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Arturi
- Department
of Environmental Chemistry, Swiss Federal
Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology (Eawag), Ueberlandstrasse 133, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Juliane Hollender
- Department
of Environmental Chemistry, Swiss Federal
Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology (Eawag), Ueberlandstrasse 133, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
- Institute
of Biogeochemistry and Pollution Dynamics, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich (ETH Zurich), Rämistrasse 101, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
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7
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Eytcheson SA, Olker JH, Friedman KP, Hornung MW, Degitz SJ. Assessing utility of thyroid in vitro screening assays through comparisons to observed impacts in vivo. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2023; 144:105491. [PMID: 37666444 DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2023.105491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
To better understand endocrine disruption, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (USEPA) Endocrine Disruptor Screening Program (EDSP) utilizes a two-tiered approach to investigate the potential of a chemical to interact with the estrogen, androgen, or thyroid systems. As in vivo testing lacks the throughput to address data gaps on endocrine bioactivity for thousands of chemicals, in vitro high-throughput screening (HTS) methods are being developed to screen larger chemical libraries. The primary objective of this work was to investigate for how many of the 52 chemicals with weight-of-evidence (WoE) determinations from EDSP Tier 1 screening there are available in vitro HTS data supporting a thyroid impact. HTS data from the USEPA ToxCast program and the EDSP WoE were collected for this analysis. Considering the complexity of endocrine disruption and interpreting HTS data, concordance between in vitro activity and in vivo effects ranges from 58 to 78%. Based on this evaluation, we conclude that the current suite of HTS assays is beneficial for prioritizing chemicals for further inquiry; however, without a more detailed analysis, one cannot conclude whether HTS results are the primary mode-of-action. Furthermore, development of in vitro assays for additional thyroid-relevant molecular initiating events is required to effectively predict in vivo thyroid impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie A Eytcheson
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, TN, USA; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division, Duluth, MN, 55804, USA
| | - Jennifer H Olker
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division, Duluth, MN, 55804, USA
| | - Katie Paul Friedman
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, Biomolecular and Computational Toxicology Division, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27711, USA
| | - Michael W Hornung
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division, Duluth, MN, 55804, USA
| | - Sigmund J Degitz
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division, Duluth, MN, 55804, USA.
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8
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Haigis AC, Vergauwen L, LaLone CA, Villeneuve DL, O'Brien JM, Knapen D. Cross-species applicability of an adverse outcome pathway network for thyroid hormone system disruption. Toxicol Sci 2023; 195:1-27. [PMID: 37405877 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfad063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Thyroid hormone system disrupting compounds are considered potential threats for human and environmental health. Multiple adverse outcome pathways (AOPs) for thyroid hormone system disruption (THSD) are being developed in different taxa. Combining these AOPs results in a cross-species AOP network for THSD which may provide an evidence-based foundation for extrapolating THSD data across vertebrate species and bridging the gap between human and environmental health. This review aimed to advance the description of the taxonomic domain of applicability (tDOA) in the network to improve its utility for cross-species extrapolation. We focused on the molecular initiating events (MIEs) and adverse outcomes (AOs) and evaluated both their plausible domain of applicability (taxa they are likely applicable to) and empirical domain of applicability (where evidence for applicability to various taxa exists) in a THSD context. The evaluation showed that all MIEs in the AOP network are applicable to mammals. With some exceptions, there was evidence of structural conservation across vertebrate taxa and especially for fish and amphibians, and to a lesser extent for birds, empirical evidence was found. Current evidence supports the applicability of impaired neurodevelopment, neurosensory development (eg, vision) and reproduction across vertebrate taxa. The results of this tDOA evaluation are summarized in a conceptual AOP network that helps prioritize (parts of) AOPs for a more detailed evaluation. In conclusion, this review advances the tDOA description of an existing THSD AOP network and serves as a catalog summarizing plausible and empirical evidence on which future cross-species AOP development and tDOA assessment could build.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann-Cathrin Haigis
- Zebrafishlab, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Lucia Vergauwen
- Zebrafishlab, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Carlie A LaLone
- Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Duluth, Minnesota 55804, USA
| | - Daniel L Villeneuve
- Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Duluth, Minnesota 55804, USA
| | - Jason M O'Brien
- Ecotoxicology and Wildlife Health Division, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - Dries Knapen
- Zebrafishlab, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
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9
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Melching-Kollmuss S, Bothe K, Charlton A, Gangadharan B, Ghaffari R, Jacobi S, Marty S, Marxfeld HA, McInnes EF, Sauer UG, Sheets LP, Strupp C, Tinwell H, Wiemann C, Botham PA, van Ravenzwaay B. Towards a science-based testing strategy to identify maternal thyroid hormone imbalance and neurodevelopmental effects in the progeny - Part IV: the ECETOC and CLE Proposal for a Thyroid Function-Related Neurodevelopmental Toxicity Testing and Assessment Scheme (Thyroid-NDT-TAS). Crit Rev Toxicol 2023; 53:339-371. [PMID: 37554099 DOI: 10.1080/10408444.2023.2231033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
Following the European Commission Endocrine Disruptor Criteria, substances shall be considered as having endocrine disrupting properties if they (a) elicit adverse effects, (b) have endocrine activity, and (c) the two are linked by an endocrine mode-of-action (MoA) unless the MoA is not relevant for humans. A comprehensive, structured approach to assess whether substances meet the Endocrine Disruptor Criteria for the thyroid modality (EDC-T) is currently unavailable. Here, the European Centre for Ecotoxicology and Toxicology of Chemicals Thyroxine Task Force and CropLife Europe propose a Thyroid Function-Related Neurodevelopmental Toxicity Testing and Assessment Scheme (Thyroid-NDT-TAS). In Tier 0, before entering the Thyroid-NDT-TAS, all available in vivo, in vitro and in silico data are submitted to weight-of-evidence (WoE) evaluations to determine whether the substance of interest poses a concern for thyroid disruption. If so, Tier 1 of the Thyroid-NDT-TAS includes an initial MoA and human relevance assessment (structured by the key events of possibly relevant adverse outcome pathways) and the generation of supportive in vitro/in silico data, if relevant. Only if Tier 1 is inconclusive, Tier 2 involves higher-tier testing to generate further thyroid- and/or neurodevelopment-related data. Tier 3 includes the final MoA and human relevance assessment and an overarching WoE evaluation to draw a conclusion on whether, or not, the substance meets the EDC-T. The Thyroid-NDT-TAS is based on the state-of-the-science, and it has been developed to minimise animal testing. To make human safety assessments more accurate, it is recommended to apply the Thyroid-NDT-TAS during future regulatory assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ursula G Sauer
- Scientific Consultancy - Animal Welfare, Neubiberg, Germany
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10
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Huang K, Zhou W, Fu J, Zhang Q, Teng Y, Gu L, Fu Y, Hu B, Mei Y, Zhang H, Zhang A, Fu J, Jiang G. Linking Transthyretin-Binding Chemicals and Free Thyroid Hormones: In Vitro to In Vivo Extrapolation Based on a Competitive Binding Model. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:9130-9139. [PMID: 37261382 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c01094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Large numbers of pollutants competitively inhibit the binding between thyroid hormones and transthyretin (TTR) in vitro. However, the impact of this unintended binding on free thyroid hormones in vivo has not yet been characterized. Herein, we established a quantitative in vitro to in vivo extrapolation (QIVIVE) method based on a competitive binding model to quantify the effect of TTR-binding chemicals on free thyroid hormones in human blood. Twenty-five TTR-binding chemicals including 6 hydroxyl polybromodiphenyl ethers (OH-PDBEs), 6 hydroxyl polychlorobiphenyls (OH-PCBs), 4 halogenphenols, 5 per- and polyfluorinated substances (PFASs), and 4 phenols were selected for investigation. Incorporating the in vitro binding parameters and human exposure data, the QIVIVE model could well predict the in vivo effect on free thyroid hormones. Co-exposure to twenty-five typical TTR-binding chemicals resulted in median increases of 0.080 and 0.060% in circulating levels of free thyroxine (FT4) and free triiodothyronine (FT3) in the general population. Individuals with occupational exposure to TTR-binding chemicals suffered 1.88-32.2% increases in free thyroid hormone levels. This study provides a quantitative tool to evaluate the thyroid-disrupting risks of TTR-binding chemicals and proposes a new framework for assessing the in vivo effects of chemical exposures on endogenous molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Huang
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310024, China
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310024, China
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Jie Fu
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310024, China
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Qun Zhang
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310024, China
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Yunhe Teng
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310024, China
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Luyao Gu
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310024, China
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Yilin Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- Sino-Danish College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Boyuan Hu
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310024, China
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Yang Mei
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310024, China
| | - Haiyan Zhang
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310024, China
| | - Aiqian Zhang
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310024, China
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- Institute of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Jianjie Fu
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310024, China
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- Institute of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Guibin Jiang
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310024, China
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- Institute of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
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11
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Mitchell CA, Burden N, Bonnell M, Hecker M, Hutchinson TH, Jagla M, LaLone CA, Lagadic L, Lynn SG, Shore B, Song Y, Vliet SM, Wheeler JR, Embry MR. New Approach Methodologies for the Endocrine Activity Toolbox: Environmental Assessment for Fish and Amphibians. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2023; 42:757-777. [PMID: 36789969 PMCID: PMC10258674 DOI: 10.1002/etc.5584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Multiple in vivo test guidelines focusing on the estrogen, androgen, thyroid, and steroidogenesis pathways have been developed and validated for mammals, amphibians, or fish. However, these tests are resource-intensive and often use a large number of laboratory animals. Developing alternatives for in vivo tests is consistent with the replacement, reduction, and refinement principles for animal welfare considerations, which are supported by increasing mandates to move toward an "animal-free" testing paradigm worldwide. New approach methodologies (NAMs) hold great promise to identify molecular, cellular, and tissue changes that can be used to predict effects reliably and more efficiently at the individual level (and potentially on populations) while reducing the number of animals used in (eco)toxicological testing for endocrine disruption. In a collaborative effort, experts from government, academia, and industry met in 2020 to discuss the current challenges of testing for endocrine activity assessment for fish and amphibians. Continuing this cross-sector initiative, our review focuses on the current state of the science regarding the use of NAMs to identify chemical-induced endocrine effects. The present study highlights the challenges of using NAMs for safety assessment and what work is needed to reduce their uncertainties and increase their acceptance in regulatory processes. We have reviewed the current NAMs available for endocrine activity assessment including in silico, in vitro, and eleutheroembryo models. New approach methodologies can be integrated as part of a weight-of-evidence approach for hazard or risk assessment using the adverse outcome pathway framework. The development and utilization of NAMs not only allows for replacement, reduction, and refinement of animal testing but can also provide robust and fit-for-purpose methods to identify chemicals acting via endocrine mechanisms. Environ Toxicol Chem 2023;42:757-777. © 2023 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Natalie Burden
- National Centre for the 3Rs (NC3Rs), London, United Kingdom
| | - Mark Bonnell
- Environment and Climate Change Canada, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Markus Hecker
- Toxicology Centre and School of the Environment & Sustainability, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | | | | | - Carlie A. LaLone
- Office of Research and Development, Great Lakes Toxicology & Ecology Division, US Environmental Protection Agency, Duluth, Minnesota
| | - Laurent Lagadic
- Research and Development, Crop Science, Environmental Safety, Bayer, Monheim am Rhein, Germany
| | - Scott G. Lynn
- Office of Pesticide Programs, US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC
| | - Bryon Shore
- Environment and Climate Change Canada, Ottawa, Canada
| | - You Song
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research, Oslo, Norway
| | - Sara M. Vliet
- Office of Research and Development, Scientific Computing and Data Curation Division, US Environmental Protection Agency, Duluth, Minnesota
| | | | - Michelle R. Embry
- The Health and Environmental Sciences Institute, Washington, DC, USA
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Kubickova B, Martinkova S, Bohaciakova D, Nezvedova M, Liu R, Brozman O, Spáčil Z, Hilscherova K. Effects of all-trans and 9-cis retinoic acid on differentiating human neural stem cells in vitro. Toxicology 2023; 487:153461. [PMID: 36805303 PMCID: PMC10019519 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2023.153461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Cyanobacterial blooms are known sources of environmentally-occurring retinoid compounds, including all-trans and 9-cis retinoic acids (RAs). The developmental hazard for aquatic organisms has been described, while the implications for human health hazard assessment are not yet sufficiently characterized. Here, we employ a human neural stem cell model that can differentiate in vitro into a mixed culture of neurons and glia. Cells were exposed to non-cytotoxic 8-1000 nM all-trans or 9-cis RA for 9-18 days (DIV13 and DIV22, respectively). Impact on biomarkers was analyzed on gene expression (RT-qPCR) and protein level (western blot and proteomics) at both time points; network patterning (immunofluorescence) on DIV22. RA exposure significantly concentration-dependently increased gene expression of retinoic acid receptors and the metabolizing enzyme CYP26A1, confirming the chemical-specific response of the model. Expression of thyroid hormone signaling-related genes remained mostly unchanged. Markers of neural progenitors/stem cells (PAX6, SOX1, SOX2, NESTIN) were decreased with increasing RA concentrations, though a basal population remained. Neural markers (DCX, TUJ1, MAP2, NeuN, SYP) remained unchanged or were decreased at high concentrations (200-1000 nM). Conversely, (astro-)glial marker S100β was increased concentration-dependently on DIV22. Together, the biomarker analysis indicates an RA-dependent promotion of glial cell fates over neural differentiation, despite the increased abundance of neural protein biomarkers during differentiation. Interestingly, RA exposure induced substantial changes to the cell culture morphology: while low concentrations resulted in a network-like differentiation pattern, high concentrations (200-1000 nM RA) almost completely prevented such network patterning. After functional confirmation for implications in network function, such morphological features could present a proxy for network formation assessment, an apical key event in (neuro-)developmental Adverse Outcome Pathways. The described application of a human in vitro model for (developmental) neurotoxicity to emerging environmentally-relevant retinoids contributes to the evidence-base for the use of differentiating human in vitro models for human health hazard and risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Kubickova
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlarska 2, Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Sarka Martinkova
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlarska 2, Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Dasa Bohaciakova
- Masaryk University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Kamenice 3, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Marketa Nezvedova
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlarska 2, Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Runze Liu
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlarska 2, Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Ondrej Brozman
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlarska 2, Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Zdeněk Spáčil
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlarska 2, Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Klara Hilscherova
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlarska 2, Brno, Czech Republic.
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Gong Y, Yang D, Barrett H, Sun J, Peng H. Building the Environmental Chemical-Protein Interaction Network (eCPIN): An Exposome-Wide Strategy for Bioactive Chemical Contaminant Identification. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:3486-3495. [PMID: 36827403 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c02751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Although advancements in nontargeted analysis have made it possible to detect hundreds of chemical contaminants in a single run, the current environmental toxicology approaches lag behind, precluding the transition from analytical chemistry efforts to health risk assessment. We herein highlighted a recently developed "top-down" bioanalytical method, protein Affinity Purification with Nontargeted Analysis (APNA), to screen for bioactive chemical contaminants at the "exposome-wide" level. To achieve this, a tagged functional protein is employed as a "bait" to directly isolate bioactive chemical contaminants from environmental mixtures, which are further identified by nontargeted analysis. Advantages of this protein-guided approach, including the discovery of new bioactive ligands as well as new protein targets for known chemical contaminants, were highlighted by several case studies. Encouraged by these successful applications, we further proposed a framework, i.e., the environmental Chemical-Protein Interaction Network (eCPIN), to construct a complete map of the 7 billion binary interactions between all chemical contaminants (>350,000) and human proteins (∼20,000) via APNA. The eCPIN could be established in three stages through strategically prioritizing the ∼20,000 human proteins, such as focusing on the 48 nuclear receptors (e.g., thyroid hormone receptors) in the first stage. The eCPIN will provide an unprecedented throughput for screening bioactive chemical contaminants at the exposome-wide level and facilitate the identification of molecular initiating events at the proteome-wide level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufeng Gong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Diwen Yang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Holly Barrett
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Jianxian Sun
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Hui Peng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
- School of the Environment, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
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Cohn EF, Clayton BL, Madhavan M, Yacoub S, Federov Y, Paul-Friedman K, Shafer TJ, Tesar PJ. Pervasive environmental chemicals impair oligodendrocyte development. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.02.10.528042. [PMID: 36798415 PMCID: PMC9934656 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.10.528042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to environmental chemicals can impair neurodevelopment1-4. Oligodendrocytes that wrap around axons to boost neurotransmission may be particularly vulnerable to chemical toxicity as they develop throughout fetal development and into adulthood5,6. However, few environmental chemicals have been assessed for potential risks to oligodendrocyte development. Here, we utilized a high-throughput developmental screen and human cortical brain organoids, which revealed environmental chemicals in two classes that disrupt oligodendrocyte development through distinct mechanisms. Quaternary compounds, ubiquitous in disinfecting agents, hair conditioners, and fabric softeners, were potently and selectively cytotoxic to developing oligodendrocytes through activation of the integrated stress response. Organophosphate flame retardants, commonly found in household items such as furniture and electronics, were non-cytotoxic but prematurely arrested oligodendrocyte maturation. Chemicals from each class impaired human oligodendrocyte development in a 3D organoid model of prenatal cortical development. In analysis of epidemiological data from the CDC's National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes were associated with childhood exposure to the top organophosphate flame retardant identified by our oligodendrocyte toxicity platform. Collectively, our work identifies toxicological vulnerabilities specific to oligodendrocyte development and highlights common household chemicals with high exposure risk to children that warrant deeper scrutiny for their impact on human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin F. Cohn
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA
| | - Benjamin L.L. Clayton
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA
| | - Mayur Madhavan
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA
| | - Sara Yacoub
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA
| | - Yuriy Federov
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA
| | - Katie Paul-Friedman
- Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA
| | - Timothy J. Shafer
- Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA
| | - Paul J. Tesar
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA
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Staveley JP, Freeman EL, McArdle ME, Ortego LS, Coady KK, Bone A, Lagadic L, Weltje L, Weyers A, Wheeler JR. Current testing programs for pesticides adequately capture endocrine activity and adversity for protection of vertebrate wildlife. INTEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT 2023. [PMID: 36597818 DOI: 10.1002/ieam.4732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The toxicity and ecotoxicity of pesticide active ingredients are evaluated by a number of standardized test methods using vertebrate animals. These standard test methods are required under various regulatory programs for the registration of pesticides. Over the past two decades, additional test methods have been developed with endpoints that are responsive to endocrine activity and subsequent adverse effects. This article examines the available test methods and their endpoints that are relevant to an assessment of endocrine-disrupting properties of pesticides. Furthermore, the article highlights how weight-of-evidence approaches should be applied to determine whether an adverse response in (eco)toxicity tests is caused by an endocrine mechanism of action. The large number of endpoints in the current testing paradigms for pesticides make it unlikely that endocrine activity and adversity is being overlooked. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2023;00:1-21. © 2023 Bayer CropScience and The Authors. Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Society of Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry (SETAC).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Lisa S Ortego
- Bayer Crop Science, Environmental Safety, Chesterfield, Missouri, USA
| | - Katherine K Coady
- Bayer Crop Science, Environmental Safety, Chesterfield, Missouri, USA
| | - Audrey Bone
- Bayer Crop Science, Environmental Safety, Chesterfield, Missouri, USA
| | - Laurent Lagadic
- Bayer AG, Crop Science, Environmental Safety, Monheim am Rhein, Germany
| | - Lennart Weltje
- BASF SE, Agricultural Solutions-Ecotoxicology, Limburgerhof, Germany
| | - Arnd Weyers
- Bayer AG, Crop Science, Environmental Safety, Monheim am Rhein, Germany
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Morthorst JE, Holbech H, De Crozé N, Matthiessen P, LeBlanc GA. Thyroid-like hormone signaling in invertebrates and its potential role in initial screening of thyroid hormone system disrupting chemicals. INTEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT 2023; 19:63-82. [PMID: 35581168 PMCID: PMC10083991 DOI: 10.1002/ieam.4632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
This review examines the presence and evolution of thyroid-like systems in selected aquatic invertebrates to determine the potential use of these organisms in screens for vertebrate thyroid hormone axis disrupting chemicals (THADCs). Such a screen might support the phasing out of some vertebrate testing. Although arthropods including crustaceans do not contain a functional thyroid signaling system, elements of such a system exist in the aquatic phyla mollusks, echinoderms, tunicates, and cephalochordates. These phyla can synthesize thyroid hormone, which has been demonstrated in some groups to induce the nuclear thyroid hormone receptor (THR). Thyroid hormone may act in these phyla through interaction with a membrane integrin receptor. Thyroid hormone regulates inter alia metamorphosis but, unlike in vertebrates, this does not occur via receptor activation by the ligands triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4). Instead, the unliganded nuclear receptor itself controls metamorphosis in mollusks, echinoderms, and tunicates, whereas the T3 derivative tri-iodothyroacetic acid (TRIAC) acts as a THR ligand in cephalochordates. In view of this, it may be possible to develop an invertebrate-based screen that is sensitive to vertebrate THADCs that interfere with thyroid hormone synthesis or metabolism along with interaction with membrane receptors. The review makes some recommendations for the need to develop an appropriate test method. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2023;19:63-82. © 2022 The Authors. Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Society of Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry (SETAC).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Henrik Holbech
- Department of BiologyUniversity of Southern DenmarkOdense MDenmark
| | - Noémie De Crozé
- Laboratoire Recherche Environnementale, L'ORÉAL Recherche & InnovationAulnay‐sous‐BoisFrance
| | | | - Gerald A. LeBlanc
- Department of Biological SciencesNorth Carolina State UniversityRaleighNorth CarolinaUSA
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Tetrabromobisphenol A and Diclazuril Evoke Tissue-Specific Changes of Thyroid Hormone Signaling in Male Thyroid Hormone Action Indicator Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314782. [PMID: 36499108 PMCID: PMC9738630 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Thyroid hormone (TH) signaling is a prerequisite of normal tissue function. Environmental pollutants with the potential to disrupt endocrine functions represent an emerging threat to human health and agricultural production. We used our Thyroid Hormone Action Indicator (THAI) mouse model to study the effects of tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA; 150 mg/bwkg/day orally for 6 days) and diclazuril (10.0 mg/bwkg/day orally for 5 days), a known and a potential hormone disruptor, respectively, on local TH economy. Tissue-specific changes of TH action were assessed in 90-day-old THAI mice by measuring the expression of a TH-responsive luciferase reporter in tissue samples and by in vivo imaging (14-day-long treatment accompanied with imaging on day 7, 14 and 21 from the first day of treatment) in live THAI mice. This was followed by promoter assays to elucidate the mechanism of the observed effects. TBBPA and diclazuril impacted TH action differently and tissue-specifically. TBBPA disrupted TH signaling in the bone and small intestine and impaired the global TH economy by decreasing the circulating free T4 levels. In the promoter assays, TBBPA showed a direct stimulatory effect on the hdio3 promoter, indicating a potential mechanism for silencing TH action. In contrast, diclazuril acted as a stimulator of TH action in the liver, skeletal muscle and brown adipose tissue without affecting the Hypothalamo-Pituitary-Thyroid axis. Our data demonstrate distinct and tissue-specific effects of TBBPA and diclazuril on local TH action and prove that the THAI mouse is a novel mammalian model to identify TH disruptors and their tissue-specific effects.
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Nakiwala D, Noyes PD, Faure P, Chovelon B, Corne C, Gauchez AS, Guergour D, Lyon-Caen S, Sakhi AK, Sabaredzovic A, Thomsen C, Pin I, Slama R, Philippat C. Phenol and Phthalate Effects on Thyroid Hormone Levels during Pregnancy: Relying on In Vitro Assays and Adverse Outcome Pathways to Inform an Epidemiological Analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2022; 130:117004. [PMID: 36350136 PMCID: PMC9645207 DOI: 10.1289/ehp10239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies characterizing associations between phenols, phthalates and thyroid hormones during pregnancy produce inconsistent results. This divergence may be partly attributable to false positives due to multiple comparison testing of large numbers of chemicals, and measurement error as studies rely on small numbers of biospecimens despite high intra-individual variability in urinary chemical metabolite concentrations. OBJECTIVES This study employs a priori chemical filtering and expanded urinary biomonitoring to evaluate associations between phenol/phthalate exposures and serum thyroid hormones assessed during pregnancy. METHODS A two-tiered approach was implemented: a) In vitro high-throughput screening results from the ToxCast/Tox21 database, as informed by a thyroid Adverse Outcome Pathway network, were evaluated to select phenols/phthalates with activity on known and putative molecular initiating events in the thyroid pathway; and b) Adjusted linear regressions were used to study associations between filtered compounds and serum thyroid hormones measured in 437 pregnant women recruited in Grenoble area (France) between 2014 and 2017. Phenol/phthalate metabolites were measured in repeated spot urine sample pools (median: 21 samples/women). RESULTS The ToxCast/Tox21 screening reduced the chemical set from 16 to 13 and the associated number of statistical comparisons by 19%. Parabens were negatively associated with free triiodothyronine (T3) and the T3/T4 (total thyroxine) ratio. Monobenzyl phthalate was positively associated with total T4 and negatively with the T3/T4 ratio. Effect modification by iodine status was detected for several compounds (among them ΣDEHP and mono-n-butyl phthalate) that were associated with some hormones among women with normal iodine levels. CONCLUSION For these chemicals, screening for compounds with an increased likelihood for thyroid-related effects and relying on repeated urine samples to assess exposures improved the overall performance of multichemical analyses of thyroid disruption. This approach may improve future evaluations of human data for the thyroid pathway with implication for fetal health and may serve as a model for evaluating other toxicity outcomes. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP10239.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorothy Nakiwala
- Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Reproduction and Respiratory Health, Institute for Advanced Biosciences (IAB), Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (Inserm) U1209, Centre national de la recherche scientifique (CNRS) UMR 5309, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Pamela D. Noyes
- Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, Office of Research and Development (ORD), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Patrice Faure
- Service de Biochimie SB2TE, Institut de Biologie et Pathologie CHU Grenoble Alpes, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Benoît Chovelon
- Service de Biochimie SB2TE, Institut de Biologie et Pathologie CHU Grenoble Alpes, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
- Département de Pharmacochimie Moleculaire, CNRS, UMR 5063, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Christelle Corne
- Service de Biochimie SB2TE, Institut de Biologie et Pathologie CHU Grenoble Alpes, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Anne Sophie Gauchez
- Service de Biochimie SB2TE, Institut de Biologie et Pathologie CHU Grenoble Alpes, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Dorra Guergour
- Service de Biochimie SB2TE, Institut de Biologie et Pathologie CHU Grenoble Alpes, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Sarah Lyon-Caen
- Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Reproduction and Respiratory Health, Institute for Advanced Biosciences (IAB), Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (Inserm) U1209, Centre national de la recherche scientifique (CNRS) UMR 5309, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Amrit K. Sakhi
- Department of Food Safety, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Cathrine Thomsen
- Department of Food Safety, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Isabelle Pin
- Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Reproduction and Respiratory Health, Institute for Advanced Biosciences (IAB), Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (Inserm) U1209, Centre national de la recherche scientifique (CNRS) UMR 5309, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
- Pediatric Department, Grenoble University Hospital, La Tronche, France
| | - Rémy Slama
- Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Reproduction and Respiratory Health, Institute for Advanced Biosciences (IAB), Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (Inserm) U1209, Centre national de la recherche scientifique (CNRS) UMR 5309, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Claire Philippat
- Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Reproduction and Respiratory Health, Institute for Advanced Biosciences (IAB), Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (Inserm) U1209, Centre national de la recherche scientifique (CNRS) UMR 5309, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
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El-Masri H, Paul Friedman K, Isaacs K, Wetmore BA. Advances in computational methods along the exposure to toxicological response paradigm. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2022; 450:116141. [PMID: 35777528 PMCID: PMC9619339 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2022.116141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Human health risk assessment is a function of chemical toxicity, bioavailability to reach target biological tissues, and potential environmental exposure. These factors are complicated by many physiological, biochemical, physical and lifestyle factors. Furthermore, chemical health risk assessment is challenging in view of the large, and continually increasing, number of chemicals found in the environment. These challenges highlight the need to prioritize resources for the efficient and timely assessment of those environmental chemicals that pose greatest health risks. Computational methods, either predictive or investigative, are designed to assist in this prioritization in view of the lack of cost prohibitive in vivo experimental data. Computational methods provide specific and focused toxicity information using in vitro high throughput screening (HTS) assays. Information from the HTS assays can be converted to in vivo estimates of chemical levels in blood or target tissue, which in turn are converted to in vivo dose estimates that can be compared to exposure levels of the screened chemicals. This manuscript provides a review for the landscape of computational methods developed and used at the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) highlighting their potentials and challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisham El-Masri
- Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, Office of Research and Development, U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA.
| | - Katie Paul Friedman
- Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, Office of Research and Development, U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Kristin Isaacs
- Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, Office of Research and Development, U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Barbara A Wetmore
- Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, Office of Research and Development, U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
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Marty MS, Sauer UG, Charlton A, Ghaffari R, Guignard D, Hallmark N, Hannas BR, Jacobi S, Marxfeld HA, Melching-Kollmuss S, Sheets LP, Urbisch D, Botham PA, van Ravenzwaay B. Towards a science-based testing strategy to identify maternal thyroid hormone imbalance and neurodevelopmental effects in the progeny-part III: how is substance-mediated thyroid hormone imbalance in pregnant/lactating rats or their progeny related to neurodevelopmental effects? Crit Rev Toxicol 2022; 52:546-617. [PMID: 36519295 DOI: 10.1080/10408444.2022.2130166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
This review investigated which patterns of thyroid- and brain-related effects are seen in rats upon gestational/lactational exposure to 14 substances causing thyroid hormone imbalance by four different modes-of-action (inhibition of thyroid peroxidase, sodium-iodide symporter and deiodinase activities, enhancement of thyroid hormone clearance) or to dietary iodine deficiency. Brain-related parameters included motor activity, cognitive function, acoustic startle response, hearing function, periventricular heterotopia, electrophysiology and brain gene expression. Specific modes-of-action were not related to specific patterns of brain-related effects. Based upon the rat data reviewed, maternal serum thyroid hormone levels do not show a causal relationship with statistically significant neurodevelopmental effects. Offspring serum thyroxine together with offspring serum triiodothyronine and thyroid stimulating hormone appear relevant to predict the likelihood for neurodevelopmental effects. Based upon the collated database, thresholds of ≥60%/≥50% offspring serum thyroxine reduction and ≥20% and statistically significant offspring serum triiodothyronine reduction indicate an increased likelihood for statistically significant neurodevelopmental effects; accuracies: 83% and 67% when excluding electrophysiology (and gene expression). Measurements of brain thyroid hormone levels are likely relevant, too. The extent of substance-mediated thyroid hormone imbalance appears more important than substance mode-of-action to predict neurodevelopmental impairment in rats. Pertinent research needs were identified, e.g. to determine whether the phenomenological offspring thyroid hormone thresholds are relevant for regulatory toxicity testing. The insight from this review shall be used to suggest a tiered testing strategy to determine whether gestational/lactational substance exposure may elicit thyroid hormone imbalance and potentially also neurodevelopmental effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ursula G Sauer
- Scientific Consultancy-Animal Welfare, Neubiberg, Germany
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Amphibian Metamorphosis Assay: Investigation of the potential effects of five chemicals on the hypothalamic-pituitary thyroid axis of Xenopus laevis. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2022; 134:105241. [PMID: 35940297 PMCID: PMC10389063 DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2022.105241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
2-Ethylhexyl 4-hydroxybenzoate (2-EHHB), 4-tert-octylphenol (4-OP), 4-nonylphenol-branched (4-NP), benzyl butyl phthalate (BBP) and dibutyl phthalate (DBP) were evaluated using a 21-day Amphibian Metamorphosis Assay (AMA). Xenopus laevis larvae were exposed nominally to each chemical at 3.6, 10.9, 33.0, and 100 μg/L, except 4-NP concentrations were 1.8, 5.5, 16.5 and 50 μg/L. Endpoints included mortality, developmental stage, hind limb length (HLL), snout-vent length (SVL), body weight (BW), and thyroid histopathology. BBP and 4-OP accelerated development compared to controls at the mean measured concentration of 3.5 and 39.8 μg/L, respectively. An increase in developmental stage frequency distribution was observed for 4-OP at 39.8 and 103 µg/L, BBP at all concentrations and DBP at 143 µg/L. Normalized HLL was increased on study day (SD) 21 for all tested substances except 4-NP. Histopathology revealed accelerated development and mild thyroid follicular cell hypertrophy at all BBP concentrations, but moderate severity at 105 μg/L. Increased BW occurred for all chemicals except 4-OP. Increased SVL was observed for 4-NP, BBP and DBP on SD 21. There was insufficient evidence that 4-NP and 2-EHHB affected the hypothalamic-pituitary thyroid axis, however, BBP, DBP and 4-OP showed potential effects on amphibian metamorphosis and thyroid activity, albeit through different lines of evidence.
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22
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Sakamuru S, Huang R, Xia M. Use of Tox21 Screening Data to Evaluate the COVID-19 Drug Candidates for Their Potential Toxic Effects and Related Pathways. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:935399. [PMID: 35910344 PMCID: PMC9333127 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.935399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, various potential therapeutic agents for coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19), a global pandemic caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), are being investigated worldwide mainly through the drug repurposing approach. Several anti-viral, anti-bacterial, anti-malarial, and anti-inflammatory drugs were employed in randomized trials and observational studies for developing new therapeutics for COVID-19. Although an increasing number of repurposed drugs have shown anti-SARS-CoV-2 activities in vitro, so far only remdesivir has been approved by the US FDA to treat COVID-19, and several other drugs approved for Emergency Use Authorization, including sotrovimab, tocilizumab, baricitinib, paxlovid, molnupiravir, and other potential strategies to develop safe and effective therapeutics for SARS-CoV-2 infection are still underway. Many drugs employed as anti-viral may exert unwanted side effects (i.e., toxicity) via unknown mechanisms. To quickly assess these drugs for their potential toxicological effects and mechanisms, we used the Tox21 in vitro assay datasets generated from screening ∼10,000 compounds consisting of approved drugs and environmental chemicals against multiple cellular targets and pathways. Here we summarize the toxicological profiles of small molecule drugs that are currently under clinical trials for the treatment of COVID-19 based on their in vitro activities against various targets and cellular signaling pathways.
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23
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Sui S, Liu H, Yang X. Research Progress of the Endocrine-Disrupting Effects of Disinfection Byproducts. J Xenobiot 2022; 12:145-157. [PMID: 35893263 PMCID: PMC9326600 DOI: 10.3390/jox12030013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Since 1974, more than 800 disinfection byproducts (DBPs) have been identified from disinfected drinking water, swimming pool water, wastewaters, etc. Some DBPs are recognized as contaminants of high environmental concern because they may induce many detrimental health (e.g., cancer, cytotoxicity, and genotoxicity) and/or ecological (e.g., acute toxicity and development toxicity on alga, crustacean, and fish) effects. However, the information on whether DBPs may elicit potential endocrine-disrupting effects in human and wildlife is scarce. It is the major objective of this paper to summarize the reported potential endocrine-disrupting effects of the identified DBPs in the view of adverse outcome pathways (AOPs). In this regard, we introduce the potential molecular initiating events (MIEs), key events (KEs), and adverse outcomes (AOs) associated with exposure to specific DBPs. The present evidence indicates that the endocrine system of organism can be perturbed by certain DBPs through some MIEs, including hormone receptor-mediated mechanisms and non-receptor-mediated mechanisms (e.g., hormone transport protein). Lastly, the gaps in our knowledge of the endocrine-disrupting effects of DBPs are highlighted, and critical directions for future studies are proposed.
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Wu X, Yang X, Geng X, Ji X, Zhang X, Yue H, Li G, Sang N. Bisphenol A Analogs Induce Cellular Dysfunction in Human Trophoblast Cells in a Thyroid Hormone Receptor-Dependent Manner: In Silico and In Vitro Analyses. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:8384-8394. [PMID: 35666658 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c08161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) and its analogs are frequently detected in human daily necessities and environmental media. Placental thyroid hormone plays an important role in fetal development. Herein, we followed the adverse outcome pathway (AOP) to explore the toxic mechanisms of BPA and its analogs toward placental thyroid hormone receptor (TR). First, the TOX21 database was used, and the interactions between BPA analogs and the ligand-binding domains (LBDs) of two subtypes of TR (TRα and TRβ) were subjected to in silico screening using molecular docking (MD) and molecular dynamics simulation (MDS). Fluorescence spectra and circular dichroism (CD) showed that BPA and its analogs interfere with TRs as a molecular initiation event (MIE), including static fluorescence quenching and secondary structural content changes in TR-LBDs. Key events (KEs) of the AOP, including the toxicity induced in placental chorionic trophoblast cells (HTR-8/SVneo) by an inverted U-shaped dose effect and changes in ROS levels, were tested in vitro. BPA, BPB, and BPAF significantly changed the expression level of TRβ, and only BPAF significantly downregulated the expression level of TRα. In conclusion, our study contributes to the health risk assessment of BPA and its analogs regarding placental adverse outcomes (AOs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyun Wu
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, P. R. China
| | - Xiaowen Yang
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, P. R. China
| | - Xilin Geng
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, P. R. China
| | - Xiaotong Ji
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P. R. China
| | - Xiaozheng Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Birth Defect and Cell Regeneration, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, P. R. China
| | - Huifeng Yue
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, P. R. China
| | - Guangke Li
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, P. R. China
| | - Nan Sang
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, P. R. China
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25
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Barupal DK, Mahajan P, Fakouri-Baygi S, Wright RO, Arora M, Teitelbaum SL. CCDB: A database for exploring inter-chemical correlations in metabolomics and exposomics datasets. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2022; 164:107240. [PMID: 35461097 PMCID: PMC9195052 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2022.107240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Inter-chemical correlations in metabolomics and exposomics datasets provide valuable information for studying relationships among chemicals reported for human specimens. With an increase in the number of compounds for these datasets, a network graph analysis and visualization of the correlation structure is difficult to interpret. We have developed the Chemical Correlation Database (CCDB), as a systematic catalogue of inter-chemical correlation in publicly available metabolomics and exposomics studies. The database has been provided via an online interface to create single compound-centric views. We have demonstrated various applications of the database to explore: 1) the chemicals from a chemical class such as Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), phthalates and tobacco smoke related metabolites; 2) xenobiotic metabolites such as caffeine and acetaminophen; 3) endogenous metabolites (acyl-carnitines); and 4) unannotated peaks for PFAS. The database has a rich collection of 35 human studies, including the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) and high-quality untargeted metabolomics datasets. CCDB is supported by a simple, interactive and user-friendly web-interface to retrieve and visualize the inter-chemical correlation data. The CCDB has the potential to be a key computational resource in metabolomics and exposomics facilitating the expansion of our understanding about biological and chemical relationships among metabolites and chemical exposures in the human body. The database is available at www.ccdb.idsl.me site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinesh Kumar Barupal
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Institute for Exposomic Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 17 E 102nd St, CAM Building, New York 10029, USA.
| | - Priyanka Mahajan
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Institute for Exposomic Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 17 E 102nd St, CAM Building, New York 10029, USA
| | - Sadjad Fakouri-Baygi
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Institute for Exposomic Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 17 E 102nd St, CAM Building, New York 10029, USA
| | - Robert O Wright
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Institute for Exposomic Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 17 E 102nd St, CAM Building, New York 10029, USA
| | - Manish Arora
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Institute for Exposomic Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 17 E 102nd St, CAM Building, New York 10029, USA
| | - Susan L Teitelbaum
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Institute for Exposomic Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 17 E 102nd St, CAM Building, New York 10029, USA
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Identifying Protein Features and Pathways Responsible for Toxicity Using Machine Learning and Tox21: Implications for Predictive Toxicology. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27093021. [PMID: 35566372 PMCID: PMC9099959 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27093021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Humans are exposed to numerous compounds daily, some of which have adverse effects on health. Computational approaches for modeling toxicological data in conjunction with machine learning algorithms have gained popularity over the last few years. Machine learning approaches have been used to predict toxicity-related biological activities using chemical structure descriptors. However, toxicity-related proteomic features have not been fully investigated. In this study, we construct a computational pipeline using machine learning models for predicting the most important protein features responsible for the toxicity of compounds taken from the Tox21 dataset that is implemented within the multiscale Computational Analysis of Novel Drug Opportunities (CANDO) therapeutic discovery platform. Tox21 is a highly imbalanced dataset consisting of twelve in vitro assays, seven from the nuclear receptor (NR) signaling pathway and five from the stress response (SR) pathway, for more than 10,000 compounds. For the machine learning model, we employed a random forest with the combination of Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique (SMOTE) and the Edited Nearest Neighbor (ENN) method (SMOTE+ENN), which is a resampling method to balance the activity class distribution. Within the NR and SR pathways, the activity of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (NR-AhR) and the mitochondrial membrane potential (SR-MMP) were two of the top-performing twelve toxicity endpoints with AUCROCs of 0.90 and 0.92, respectively. The top extracted features for evaluating compound toxicity were analyzed for enrichment to highlight the implicated biological pathways and proteins. We validated our enrichment results for the activity of the AhR using a thorough literature search. Our case study showed that the selected enriched pathways and proteins from our computational pipeline are not only correlated with AhR toxicity but also form a cascading upstream/downstream arrangement. Our work elucidates significant relationships between protein and compound interactions computed using CANDO and the associated biological pathways to which the proteins belong for twelve toxicity endpoints. This novel study uses machine learning not only to predict and understand toxicity but also elucidates therapeutic mechanisms at a proteomic level for a variety of toxicity endpoints.
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27
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Haselman JT, Olker JH, Kosian PA, Korte JJ, Denny JS, Tietge JE, Hornung MW, Degitz SJ. Characterization of the mechanistic linkages between iodothyronine deiodinase inhibition and impaired thyroid-mediated growth and development in Xenopus laevis using iopanoic acid. Toxicol Sci 2022; 187:139-149. [PMID: 35179606 PMCID: PMC9254162 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfac014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Iodothyronine deiodinases (DIO) are key enzymes that influence tissue-specific thyroid hormone levels during thyroid-mediated amphibian metamorphosis. Within the larger context of evaluating chemicals for thyroid system disrupting potential, chemical activity toward DIOs is being evaluated using high-throughput in vitro screening assays as part of U.S. EPA's ToxCast program. However, existing data gaps preclude any inferences between in vitro chemical inhibition of DIOs and in vivo outcomes relevant to ecological risk assessment. This study aimed to generate targeted data in a laboratory model species (Xenopus laevis) using a model DIO inhibitor, iopanoic acid (IOP), to characterize linkages between in vitro potency, in vivo biochemical responses, and adverse organismal outcomes. In vitro potency of IOP toward DIOs was evaluated using previously developed in vitro screening assays, which showed concentration-dependent inhibition of human DIO1 (IC50: 97 µM) and DIO2 (IC50: 231 µM) but did not inhibit human or X. laevis DIO3 under the assay conditions. In vivo exposure of larval X. laevis to 0, 2.6, 5.3 and 10.5 µM IOP caused thyroid-related biochemical profiles in the thyroid gland and plasma consistent with hyperthyroxinemia but resulted in delayed metamorphosis and significantly reduced growth in the highest two exposure concentrations. Independent evaluations of dio gene expression ontogeny, together with existing literature, supported interpretation of IOP-mediated effects resulting in a proposed adverse outcome pathway for DIO2 inhibition leading to altered amphibian metamorphosis. This study highlights the types of mechanistic data needed to move toward predicting in vivo outcomes of regulatory concern from in vitro bioactivity data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan T Haselman
- Office of Research and Development, Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Duluth, Minnesota, 55804
| | - Jennifer H Olker
- Office of Research and Development, Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Duluth, Minnesota, 55804
| | - Patricia A Kosian
- Office of Research and Development, Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Duluth, Minnesota, 55804
| | - Joseph J Korte
- Office of Research and Development, Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Duluth, Minnesota, 55804
| | - Jeffrey S Denny
- Office of Research and Development, Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Duluth, Minnesota, 55804
| | - Joseph E Tietge
- Office of Research and Development, Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Duluth, Minnesota, 55804
| | - Michael W Hornung
- Office of Research and Development, Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Duluth, Minnesota, 55804
| | - Sigmund J Degitz
- Office of Research and Development, Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Duluth, Minnesota, 55804
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28
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Nováková Z, Novák J, Bittner M, Čupr P, Přibylová P, Kukučka P, Smutná M, Escher BI, Demirtepe H, Miralles-Marco A, Hilscherová K. Toxicity to bronchial cells and endocrine disruptive potentials of indoor air and dust extracts and their association with multiple chemical classes. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 424:127306. [PMID: 34879546 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Pollution of indoor environment, where people spend much of their time, comprises complex mixtures of compounds with vastly understudied hazard potential. This study examined several important specific toxic effects and pollutant levels (177 compounds) of indoor samples (air gas phase, PM10 and dust) from different microenvironments after two extractions with focus on their gas/particle/dust distribution and polarity. The endocrine disruptive (ED) potential was assessed by human cell-based in vitro bioassays addressing anti-/estrogenicity, anti-/androgenicity, aryl hydrocarbon, thyroid and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-mediated activities. Potential toxicity to respiratory tract tissue was assessed using human bronchial cell line. The toxicological analyses pointed out the relevance of both inhalation and ingestion exposure, with significant effects detected after exposure to extracts from all three studied matrices with distinct gas/particle distribution patterns. Chemical analyses document the high complexity of indoor pollutant mixtures with greatest levels of phthalates, their emerging alternatives, and PAHs in dust. Despite the detection of up to 108 chemicals, effects were explained only to low extent. This emphasizes data gaps regarding ED potencies of many detected abundant indoor contaminants, but also potential presence of other unidentified ED compounds. The omnipresent ED potentials in indoor environment rise concern regarding associated human health risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzana Nováková
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, pavilion A29, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Novák
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, pavilion A29, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Bittner
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, pavilion A29, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Čupr
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, pavilion A29, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Přibylová
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, pavilion A29, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Kukučka
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, pavilion A29, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Marie Smutná
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, pavilion A29, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Beate I Escher
- UFZ - Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Cell Toxicology, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Hale Demirtepe
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, pavilion A29, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ana Miralles-Marco
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, pavilion A29, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Klára Hilscherová
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, pavilion A29, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
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29
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Yang F, Cui Y, Yu H, Guo Y, Cheng Y, Yao W, Xie Y. Identifying potential thyroid hormone disrupting effects among diphenyl ether structure pesticides and their metabolites in silico. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 288:132575. [PMID: 34656618 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The environmental and dietary pesticide exposures can cause thyroid hormones (THs) disorders, which are associated with the high incidence of thyroid diseases worldwide. The structures of diphenyl ether pesticides and their metabolites are very similar to the structure of THs. Based on this, in silico molecular simulation approaches were used to predict, screen, evaluate and identify the binding interactions of 98 diphenyl ether structure pesticides and their metabolites (DEPMs) with 10 THs related proteins in the study. The research results indicated that these DEPMs such as fluoroglycofen (FOG), rafoxanide, diclofop, ethoxyfen and difenopenten were considered to have the greater potentials to interfere with the related proteins of THs biosynthesis, blood transport, receptor binding and metabolism. And FOG can interact with thyroid hormone receptor beta (TRβ) to form non-bond interactions. Furthermore, the results of molecular dynamics simulations showed that there were strong and stable interactions between FOG and TRβ. These results suggested that the herbicide FOG was likely to disturb THs nuclear receptor. And benzene rings and hydrophobic groups might be the characteristic chemical functional groups for DEPMs to disrupt TRβ. The relevant results of this study can be used to provide references for environmental toxicology evaluation, food safety risk assessment, and formulation and revision of pesticides and their metabolites residue limits in agricultural products and food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangwei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, No.1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu Province, China; Engineering Research Center of Dairy Quality and Safety Control Technology, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia University, No.235 Daxue West Road, Hohhot, 010021, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, No.1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu Province, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Food Safety, Jiangnan University, No.1800 Lihu Avenue, Wux, 214122, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yiwen Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, No.1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu Province, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, No.1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu Province, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Food Safety, Jiangnan University, No.1800 Lihu Avenue, Wux, 214122, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Hang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, No.1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu Province, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, No.1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu Province, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Food Safety, Jiangnan University, No.1800 Lihu Avenue, Wux, 214122, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yahui Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, No.1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu Province, China; Engineering Research Center of Dairy Quality and Safety Control Technology, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia University, No.235 Daxue West Road, Hohhot, 010021, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, No.1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu Province, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Food Safety, Jiangnan University, No.1800 Lihu Avenue, Wux, 214122, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yuliang Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, No.1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu Province, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, No.1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu Province, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Food Safety, Jiangnan University, No.1800 Lihu Avenue, Wux, 214122, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Weirong Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, No.1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu Province, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, No.1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu Province, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Food Safety, Jiangnan University, No.1800 Lihu Avenue, Wux, 214122, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yunfei Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, No.1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu Province, China; Engineering Research Center of Dairy Quality and Safety Control Technology, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia University, No.235 Daxue West Road, Hohhot, 010021, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, No.1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu Province, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Food Safety, Jiangnan University, No.1800 Lihu Avenue, Wux, 214122, Jiangsu Province, China.
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30
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Xu L, Xu X, Wu X, Kuang H, Xu C. Sex-Dependent Environmental Health Risk Analysis of Flupyradifurone. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:1841-1853. [PMID: 35041393 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c07726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Pesticides are used in agricultural production worldwide, resulting in widespread environmental pollution. Many diseases are closely related to exposure to pesticide residues. In this study, the association between exposure to the pesticide flupyradifurone (FPF), a substitute for neonicotinoids, and sex-dependent thyroid dysfunction was explored for the first time. Exposure using rat models revealed that the FPF metabolism is sex-dependent, with males preferring N-dealkylation and hydrolytic metabolism and females preferring hydroxylation. In particular, novel chloropyridine-site hydroxylation I and II metabolic pathways of FPF were discovered. More importantly, differential metabolic pathways of FPF induced sex-based dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis, in which females exhibited subclinical hyperthyroidism, while males displayed abnormal hypothyroidism. This may be attributed to the potential agonistic or antagonistic effect of FPF sex-dependent metabolites on liver thyroid hormone receptors. Furthermore, FPF exposure further mediated sex-specific dysregulation of cellular lipid homeostasis, with abnormal fatty acid β-oxidation and excessive energy expenditure in females and the risk of excessive accumulation of triglycerides in males. These results illustrate the potential risk of sex-related thyroid metabolic diseases caused by FPF and provide an important basis and support for further studies of FPF on human health and as an environmental pollutant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liwei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, People's Republic of China
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection and School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, People's Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinxin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, People's Republic of China
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection and School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, People's Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoling Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, People's Republic of China
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection and School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, People's Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Kuang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, People's Republic of China
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection and School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, People's Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuanlai Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, People's Republic of China
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection and School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, People's Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, People's Republic of China
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Li J, Li Y, Zhu M, Song S, Qin Z. A Multiwell-Based Assay for Screening Thyroid Hormone Signaling Disruptors Using thibz Expression as a Sensitive Endpoint in Xenopus laevis. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27030798. [PMID: 35164063 PMCID: PMC8838645 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27030798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a need for rapidly screening thyroid hormone (TH) signaling disruptors in vivo considering the essential role of TH signaling in vertebrates. We aimed to establish a rapid in vivo screening assay using Xenopus laevis based on the T3-induced Xenopus metamorphosis assay we established previously, as well as the Xenopus Eleutheroembryonic Thyroid Assay (XETA). Stage 48 tadpoles were treated with a series of concentrations of T3 in 6-well plates for 24 h and the expression of six TH-response genes was analyzed for choosing a proper T3 concentration. Next, bisphenol A (BPA) and tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA), two known TH signaling disruptors, were tested for determining the most sensitive TH-response gene, followed by the detection of several suspected TH signaling disruptors. We determined 1 nM as the induction concentration of T3 and thibz expression as the sensitive endpoint for detecting TH signaling disruptors given its highest response to T3, BPA, and TBBPA. And we identified betamipron as a TH signaling agonist, and 2,2′,4,4′-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47) as a TH signaling antagonist. Overall, we developed a multiwell-based assay for rapidly screening TH signaling disruptors using thibz expression as a sensitive endpoint in X. laevis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinbo Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; (J.L.); (Y.L.); (M.Z.); (S.S.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; (J.L.); (Y.L.); (M.Z.); (S.S.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Min Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; (J.L.); (Y.L.); (M.Z.); (S.S.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shilin Song
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; (J.L.); (Y.L.); (M.Z.); (S.S.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhanfen Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; (J.L.); (Y.L.); (M.Z.); (S.S.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-10-6291-9177
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Tan H, Chen Q, Hong H, Benfenati E, Gini GC, Zhang X, Yu H, Shi W. Structures of Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals Correlate with the Activation of 12 Classic Nuclear Receptors. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:16552-16562. [PMID: 34859678 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c04997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) can inadvertently interact with 12 classic nuclear receptors (NRs) that disrupt the endocrine system and cause adverse effects. There is no widely accepted understanding about what structural features make thousands of EDCs able to activate different NRs as well as how these structural features exert their functions and induce different outcomes at the cellular level. This paper applies the hierarchical characteristic fragment methodology and high-throughput screening molecular docking to comprehensively explore the structural and functional features of EDCs for the 12 NRs based on more than 7000 chemicals from curated datasets. EDCs share three levels of key fragments. The primary and secondary fragments are associated with the binding of EDCs to four groups of receptors: steroidal nuclear receptors (SNRs, including androgen, estrogen, glucocorticoid, mineralocorticoid, and progesterone), retinoic acid receptors, thyroid hormone receptors, and vitamin D receptors. The tertiary fragments determine the activity type by interacting with two key locations in the ligand-binding domains of NRs (N-H5-H3-C and N-H7-H11-C for SNRs and N-H5-H5'-H2'-H3-C and N-H6'-H11-C for non-SNRs). The resulting compiled structural fragments of EDCs together with elucidated compound NR binding modes provide a framework for understanding the interactions between EDCs and NRs, facilitating faster and more accurate screening of EDCs for multiple NRs in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyue Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, 210023 Nanjing, China
| | - Qinchang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, 210023 Nanjing, China
| | - Huixiao Hong
- National Center for Toxicological Research, U. S. Food and Drug Administration, 3900 NCTR Road., Jefferson, Arkansas 72079, United States
| | - Emilio Benfenati
- Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, 20156 Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppina C Gini
- Department of Electronics and Information, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Xiaowei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, 210023 Nanjing, China
| | - Hongxia Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, 210023 Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, 210023 Nanjing, China
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Haggerty DK, Upson K, Pacyga DC, Franko JE, Braun JM, Strakovsky RS. REPRODUCTIVE TOXICOLOGY: Pregnancy exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals: implications for women's health. Reproduction 2021; 162:F169-F180. [PMID: 34486984 PMCID: PMC8511181 DOI: 10.1530/rep-21-0051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Women are ubiquitously exposed to non-persistent endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) from food contact materials and personal care products. Understanding the impacts of exposure to these chemicals on pregnancy and long-term health outcomes in women is a critical area of research that has been largely overlooked. This brief review focuses on the epidemiologic literature exploring associations of non-persistent EDCs - including phthalates, parabens, bisphenols, and triclosan - with maternal pregnancy outcomes and long-term health outcomes in women. We focus on the challenges of this research, particularly assessing non-persistent EDC exposures, aspects of study design, and statistical approaches. We conclude by reviewing the best practices for non-persistent EDC research with regards to pregnancy and women's health. Though limited, we found some evidence indicating that exposure to non-persistent EDCs is associated with pregnancy health. However, findings from these studies have been inconsistent and require corroboration. Recent studies have also proposed that non-persistent EDC exposures in pregnancy may adversely affect postnatal maternal health. To date, only a few studies have been conducted and have only focused on postpartum weight. More research is needed in this area to inform efforts to promote optimal health across the lifespan of women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana K. Haggerty
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, United States
| | - Kristen Upson
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Human Medicine, State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, United States
| | - Diana C. Pacyga
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, United States
- Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, United States
| | - J. Ebba Franko
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, United States
| | - Joseph M. Braun
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, Box G-S121-2, Providence, Rhode Island 02903, United States
| | - Rita S. Strakovsky
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, United States
- Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, United States
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Zekri Y, Agnol LD, Flamant F. In vitro assessment of pesticides capacity to act as agonists/antagonists of the thyroid hormone nuclear receptors. iScience 2021; 24:102957. [PMID: 34485856 PMCID: PMC8403745 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.102957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemicals acting as thyroid hormone disruptors (THDs) are of a particular concern for public health, considering the importance of this hormone in neurodevelopment and metabolic processes. They might either alter the circulating level of thyroid hormone (TH) or interfere with the cellular response to the hormonal stimulation. In order to assess this later possibility we selected 39 pesticides and combined several in vitro tests. Reporter assays respectively addressed the transactivation capacity of the full-length TH nuclear receptor TRα1, the transactivation capacity of its C-terminal ligand binding domain, or the ability of the hormone to destabilize the interaction between TRα1 and the transcriptional corepressor NcoR. Although some pesticides elicit a cellular response, which sometimes interferes with TH signaling, RNA-seq analysis provided no evidence that they can act as TRα1 agonists or antagonists. Their neurodevelopmental toxicity in mammals cannot be explained by an alteration of the response to TH. Pesticides were tested for their capacity to interfere with thyroid hormone receptors Three reporter assays were combined to identify possible agonists/antagonists The tested pesticides are not major disruptors of thyroid hormone signaling
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanis Zekri
- Romain Guyot Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon, Univ Lyon, CNRS UMR 5242, INRAE USC 1370 École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 46 allee d'Italie, 69364 Lyon, France
| | - Laure Dall Agnol
- Romain Guyot Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon, Univ Lyon, CNRS UMR 5242, INRAE USC 1370 École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 46 allee d'Italie, 69364 Lyon, France
| | - Frédéric Flamant
- Romain Guyot Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon, Univ Lyon, CNRS UMR 5242, INRAE USC 1370 École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 46 allee d'Italie, 69364 Lyon, France
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Deisenroth C, DeGroot DE, Zurlinden T, Eicher A, McCord J, Lee MY, Carmichael P, Thomas RS. The Alginate Immobilization of Metabolic Enzymes Platform Retrofits an Estrogen Receptor Transactivation Assay With Metabolic Competence. Toxicol Sci 2021; 178:281-301. [PMID: 32991717 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfaa147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The U.S. EPA Endocrine Disruptor Screening Program utilizes data across the ToxCast/Tox21 high-throughput screening (HTS) programs to evaluate the biological effects of potential endocrine active substances. A potential limitation to the use of in vitro assay data in regulatory decision-making is the lack of coverage for xenobiotic metabolic processes. Both hepatic- and peripheral-tissue metabolism can yield metabolites that exhibit greater activity than the parent compound (bioactivation) or are inactive (bioinactivation) for a given biological target. Interpretation of biological effect data for both putative endocrine active substances, as well as other chemicals, screened in HTS assays may benefit from the addition of xenobiotic metabolic capabilities to decrease the uncertainty in predicting potential hazards to human health. The objective of this study was to develop an approach to retrofit existing HTS assays with hepatic metabolism. The Alginate Immobilization of Metabolic Enzymes (AIME) platform encapsulates hepatic S9 fractions in alginate microspheres attached to 96-well peg lids. Functional characterization across a panel of reference substrates for phase I cytochrome P450 enzymes revealed substrate depletion with expected metabolite accumulation. Performance of the AIME method in the VM7Luc estrogen receptor transactivation assay was evaluated across 15 reference chemicals and 48 test chemicals that yield metabolites previously identified as estrogen receptor active or inactive. The results demonstrate the utility of applying the AIME method for identification of false-positive and false-negative target assay effects, reprioritization of hazard based on metabolism-dependent bioactivity, and enhanced in vivo concordance with the rodent uterotrophic bioassay. Integration of the AIME metabolism method may prove useful for future biochemical and cell-based HTS applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chad Deisenroth
- Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711
| | - Danica E DeGroot
- Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711
| | - Todd Zurlinden
- Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711
| | - Andrew Eicher
- Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711
| | - James McCord
- Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711
| | - Mi-Young Lee
- Safety and Environmental Assurance Centre, Unilever, Colworth Science, Park, Bedford, Sharnbrook MK44 1LQ, UK
| | - Paul Carmichael
- Safety and Environmental Assurance Centre, Unilever, Colworth Science, Park, Bedford, Sharnbrook MK44 1LQ, UK
| | - Russell S Thomas
- Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711
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Stavreva DA, Collins M, McGowan A, Varticovski L, Raziuddin R, Brody DO, Zhao J, Lee J, Kuehn R, Dehareng E, Mazza N, Pegoraro G, Hager GL. Mapping multiple endocrine disrupting activities in Virginia rivers using effect-based assays. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 773:145602. [PMID: 33592464 PMCID: PMC8026610 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Water sources are frequently contaminated with natural and anthropogenic substances having known or suspected endocrine disrupting activities; however, these activities are not routinely measured and monitored. Phenotypic bioassays are a promising new approach for detection and quantitation of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs). We developed cell lines expressing fluorescent chimeric constructs capable of detecting environmental contaminants which interact with multiple nuclear receptors. Using these assays, we tested water samples collected in the summers of 2016, 2017 and 2018 from two major Virginia rivers. Samples were concentrated 200× and screened for contaminants interacting with the androgen (AR), glucocorticoid (GR), aryl hydrocarbon (AhR) and thyroid receptors. Among 45 tested sites, over 70% had AR activity and 60% had AhR activity. Many sites were also positive for GR and TRβ activation (22% and 42%, respectively). Multiple sites were positive for more than one type of contaminants, indicating presence of complex mixtures. These activities may negatively impact river ecosystems and consequently human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana A Stavreva
- Laboratory of Receptor Biology and Gene Expression, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States.
| | - Michael Collins
- Center for Natural Capital, PO Box 901, Orange, VA, United States
| | - Andrew McGowan
- Laboratory of Receptor Biology and Gene Expression, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Lyuba Varticovski
- Laboratory of Receptor Biology and Gene Expression, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Razi Raziuddin
- Laboratory of Receptor Biology and Gene Expression, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - David Owen Brody
- Laboratory of Receptor Biology and Gene Expression, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States; Walt Whitman High School, 7100 Whittier Blvd, Bethesda, MD 20817, United States
| | - Jerry Zhao
- Laboratory of Receptor Biology and Gene Expression, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States; Walt Whitman High School, 7100 Whittier Blvd, Bethesda, MD 20817, United States
| | - Johnna Lee
- Laboratory of Receptor Biology and Gene Expression, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States; Walt Whitman High School, 7100 Whittier Blvd, Bethesda, MD 20817, United States
| | - Riley Kuehn
- Laboratory of Receptor Biology and Gene Expression, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States; Walt Whitman High School, 7100 Whittier Blvd, Bethesda, MD 20817, United States
| | - Elisabeth Dehareng
- Laboratory of Receptor Biology and Gene Expression, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States; Walt Whitman High School, 7100 Whittier Blvd, Bethesda, MD 20817, United States
| | - Nicholas Mazza
- Laboratory of Receptor Biology and Gene Expression, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States; Walt Whitman High School, 7100 Whittier Blvd, Bethesda, MD 20817, United States
| | - Gianluca Pegoraro
- Laboratory of Receptor Biology and Gene Expression, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Gordon L Hager
- Laboratory of Receptor Biology and Gene Expression, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States.
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Haselman JT, Olker JH, Kosian PA, Korte JJ, Swintek JA, Denny JS, Nichols JW, Tietge JE, Hornung MW, Degitz SJ. Targeted Pathway-based In Vivo Testing Using Thyroperoxidase Inhibition to Evaluate Plasma Thyroxine as a Surrogate Metric of Metamorphic Success in Model Amphibian Xenopus laevis. Toxicol Sci 2021; 175:236-250. [PMID: 32176285 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfaa036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemical safety evaluation is in the midst of a transition from traditional whole-animal toxicity testing to molecular pathway-based in vitro assays and in silico modeling. However, to facilitate the shift in reliance on apical effects for risk assessment to predictive surrogate metrics having characterized linkages to chemical mechanisms of action, targeted in vivo testing is necessary to establish these predictive relationships. In this study, we demonstrate a means to predict thyroid-related metamorphic success in the model amphibian Xenopus laevis using relevant biochemical measurements during early prometamorphosis. The adverse outcome pathway for thyroperoxidase inhibition leading to altered amphibian metamorphosis was used to inform a pathway-based in vivo study design that generated response-response relationships. These causal relationships were used to develop Bayesian probabilistic network models that mathematically determine conditional dependencies between biochemical nodes and support the predictive capability of the biochemical profiles. Plasma thyroxine concentrations were the most predictive of metamorphic success with improved predictivity when thyroid gland sodium-iodide symporter gene expression levels (a compensatory response) were used in conjunction with plasma thyroxine as an additional regressor. Although thyroid-mediated amphibian metamorphosis has been studied for decades, this is the first time a predictive relationship has been characterized between plasma thyroxine and metamorphic success. Linking these types of biochemical surrogate metrics to apical outcomes is vital to facilitate the transition to the new paradigm of chemical safety assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan T Haselman
- Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, Duluth, Minnesota 55804
| | - Jennifer H Olker
- Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, Duluth, Minnesota 55804
| | - Patricia A Kosian
- Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, Duluth, Minnesota 55804
| | - Joseph J Korte
- Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, Duluth, Minnesota 55804
| | - Joseph A Swintek
- Badger Technical Services, Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, Duluth, Minnesota 55804
| | - Jeffrey S Denny
- Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, Duluth, Minnesota 55804
| | - John W Nichols
- Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, Duluth, Minnesota 55804
| | - Joseph E Tietge
- Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, Duluth, Minnesota 55804
| | - Michael W Hornung
- Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, Duluth, Minnesota 55804
| | - Sigmund J Degitz
- Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, Duluth, Minnesota 55804
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Marty S, Beekhuijzen M, Charlton A, Hallmark N, Hannas BR, Jacobi S, Melching-Kollmuss S, Sauer UG, Sheets LP, Strauss V, Urbisch D, Botham PA, van Ravenzwaay B. Towards a science-based testing strategy to identify maternal thyroid hormone imbalance and neurodevelopmental effects in the progeny - part II: how can key events of relevant adverse outcome pathways be addressed in toxicological assessments? Crit Rev Toxicol 2021; 51:328-358. [PMID: 34074207 DOI: 10.1080/10408444.2021.1910625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The current understanding of thyroid-related adverse outcome pathways (AOPs) with adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes in mammals has been reviewed. This served to establish if standard rodent toxicity test methods and in vitro assays allow identifying thyroid-related modes-of-action potentially leading to adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes, and the human relevance of effects - in line with the European Commission's Endocrine Disruptor Criteria. The underlying hypothesis is that an understanding of the key events of relevant AOPs provides insight into differences in incidence, magnitude, or species sensitivity of adverse outcomes. The rodent studies include measurements of serum thyroid hormones, thyroid gland pathology and neurodevelopmental assessments, but do not directly inform on specific modes-of-action. Opportunities to address additional non-routine parameters reflecting critical events of AOPs in toxicological assessments are presented. These parameters appear relevant to support the identification of specific thyroid-related modes-of-action, provided that prevailing technical limitations are overcome. Current understanding of quantitative key event relationships is often weak, but would be needed to determine if the triggering of a molecular initiating event will ultimately result in an adverse outcome. Also, significant species differences in all processes related to thyroid hormone signalling are evident, but the biological implications thereof (including human relevance) are often unknown. In conclusion, careful consideration of the measurement (e.g. timing, method) and interpretation of additional non-routine parameters is warranted. These findings will be used in a subsequent paper to propose a testing strategy to identify if a substance may elicit maternal thyroid hormone imbalance and potentially also neurodevelopmental effects in the progeny.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sue Marty
- The Dow Chemical Company, Midland, MI, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ursula G Sauer
- Scientific Consultancy - Animal Welfare, Neubiberg, Germany
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Ishibashi H, Uchida M, Hirano M, Hayashi T, Yamamoto R, Kubota A, Ichikawa N, Ishibashi Y, Tominaga N, Arizono K. In vivo and in silico analyses of estrogenic potential of equine estrogens in medaka (Oryzias latipes). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 767:144379. [PMID: 33421642 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Equine estrogens (EEs) are widely used in hormone replacement therapy pharmaceuticals for postmenopausal women. Previous studies have shown that EEs occur in the aquatic environment; however, the potential estrogenicity and risk of EEs in aquatic organisms, including fish, have yet to be studied in detail. Therefore, we evaluated the estrogenic potential of major EEs, namely equilin (Eq), 17α-dihydroequilin (17α-Eq), 17β-dihydroequilin (17β-Eq), equilenin (Eqn), 17α-dihydroequilenin (17α-Eqn), and 17β-dihydroequilenin (17β-Eqn), on medaka (Oryzias latipes) using in vivo and in silico assays. Quantitative real-time RT-PCR analyses revealed that expression levels of choriogenin L (ChgL) and choriogenin H (ChgH) in medaka embryos responded to various types and concentrations of EEs in a concentration-dependent manner, whereas transcription levels of vitellogenin 1 were not significantly affected by any of the EEs in the concentration range tested. The order of the in vivo estrogenic potencies of EEs was as follows: 17β-Eq > Eq > 17β-Eqn > Eqn > 17α-Eqn > 17α-Eq. Additionally, the 50% effective concentrations (EC50) of 17β-Eq was lower than that of 17β-estradiol. We also investigated the interaction potential of EEs with medaka estrogen receptor (ER) subtypes in silico using a three-dimensional model of the ligand-binding domain (LBD) for each ER and docking simulations. All six EEs were found to interact with the LBDs of ERα, ERβ1, and ERβ2. The order of the in silico interaction potentials of EEs with each ER LBD was as follows: 17β-Eq > 17α-Eq > Eq > 17β-Eqn > 17α-Eqn > Eqn. Furthermore, we identified the key amino acids that interact with EEs in each ER LBD; our findings suggest that amino acids and/or their hydrogen bonding may be responsible for the ligand-specific interactions with each ER. This study is the first to comprehensively analyze the estrogenic potential of EEs in medaka both in vivo and in silico.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Ishibashi
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Ehime University, 3-5-7 Tarumi, Matsuyama 790-8566, Japan.
| | - Masaya Uchida
- Department of Creative Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Ariake College, 150 Higashi-Hagio, Omuta, Fukuoka 836-8585, Japan
| | - Masashi Hirano
- Department of Biological and Chemical Systems Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Kumamoto College, 2627 Hirayama-shinmachi, Yatsushiro, Kumamoto 866-8501, Japan
| | - Taka Hayashi
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Ehime University, 3-5-7 Tarumi, Matsuyama 790-8566, Japan
| | - Ryoko Yamamoto
- Faculty of Agriculture and Life Science, Hirosaki University, 3 Bunkyo-cho, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8561, Japan
| | - Akira Kubota
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, 2-11 Inada-cho Nishi, Obihiro 080-8555, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Ichikawa
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Noji-higashi, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-8577, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Ishibashi
- Faculty of Environmental and Symbiotic Sciences, Prefectural University of Kumamoto, 3-1-100 Tsukide, Higashi-ku, Kumamoto 862-8502, Japan
| | - Nobuaki Tominaga
- Department of Creative Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Ariake College, 150 Higashi-Hagio, Omuta, Fukuoka 836-8585, Japan
| | - Koji Arizono
- Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan
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41
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Houck KA, Simha A, Bone A, Doering JA, Vliet SMF, LaLone C, Medvedev A, Makarov S. Evaluation of a multiplexed, multispecies nuclear receptor assay for chemical hazard assessment. Toxicol In Vitro 2021; 72:105016. [PMID: 33049310 PMCID: PMC11267479 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2020.105016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Sensitivity to potential endocrine disrupting chemicals in the environment varies across species and is influenced by sequence conservation of their nuclear receptor targets. Here, we evaluated a multiplexed, in vitro assay testing receptors relevant to endocrine and metabolic disruption from five species. The TRANS-FACTORIAL™ system of human nuclear receptors was modified to include additional species: mouse (Mus musculus), frog (Xenopus laevis), zebrafish (Danio rerio), chicken (Gallus gallus), and turtle (Chrysemys picta). Receptors regulating endocrine function and xenobiotic recognition were included, specifically: ERα, ERβ, AR, TRα, TRβ, PPARγ and PXR. The assay, ECOTOX-FACTORIAL™, was evaluated with 191 chemicals enriched with known receptor ligands. Hierarchical clustering of potency values demonstrated strong coherence of receptor families. Interspecies comparisons of responses within a receptor family showed moderate to high concordance for potencies under 50 μM. PPARγ showed high concordance between mammalian species, 89%, but only 63% between mammalian and zebrafish. For chemicals with potencies below 1 μM, concordances were 89-100% for all receptors except PXR. Concordance showed a strong positive relationship to ligand-binding domain sequence similarity and critical amino acid residues obtained by the Sequence Alignment to Predict Across Species Susceptibility (SeqAPASS) tool. In combination with SeqAPASS, ECOTOX-FACTORIAL may provide efficient screening of important receptors to identify species of high priority for effects monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keith A Houck
- Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA.
| | - Anita Simha
- ORAU, Contractor to U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through the National Student Services Contract, United States
| | - Audrey Bone
- Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA
| | - Jon A Doering
- National Research Council, 6201 Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804, USA
| | - Sara M F Vliet
- Office of Research and Development, Center for Computational Toxicology and Ecology, Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division, Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Duluth, MN 55804, USA
| | - Carlie LaLone
- Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Duluth, MN, United States of America
| | - Alex Medvedev
- Attagene, Inc., 7030 Kit Creek Rd, Morrisville, NC 27560, United States of America
| | - Sergei Makarov
- Attagene, Inc., 7030 Kit Creek Rd, Morrisville, NC 27560, United States of America
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42
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Kassotis CD, Herkert NJ, Hammel SC, Hoffman K, Xia Q, Kullman SW, Sosa JA, Stapleton HM. Thyroid Receptor Antagonism of Chemicals Extracted from Personal Silicone Wristbands within a Papillary Thyroid Cancer Pilot Study. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2020; 54:15296-15312. [PMID: 33185092 PMCID: PMC7819617 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c05972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Research suggests that thyroid cancer incidence rates are increasing, and environmental exposures have been postulated to be playing a role. To explore this possibility, we conducted a pilot study to investigate the thyroid disrupting bioactivity of chemical mixtures isolated from personal silicone wristband samplers within a thyroid cancer cohort. Specifically, we evaluated TRβ antagonism of chemical mixtures extracted from wristbands (n = 72) worn by adults in central North Carolina participating in a case-control study on papillary thyroid cancer. Sections of wristbands were solvent-extracted and analyzed via mass spectrometry to quantify a suite of semivolatile chemicals. A second extract from each wristband was used in a bioassay to quantify TRβ antagonism in human embryonic kidney cells (HEK293/17) at concentrations ranging from 0.1 to 10% of the original extract (by volume). Approximately 70% of the sample extracts tested at a 1% extract concentration exhibited significant TRβ antagonism, with a mean of 30% and a range of 0-100%. Inhibited cell viability was noted in >20% of samples that were tested at 5 and 10% concentrations. Antagonism was positively associated with wristband concentrations of several phthalates, organophosphate esters, and brominated flame retardants. These results suggest that personal passive samplers may be useful in evaluating the bioactivities of mixtures that people contact on a daily basis. We also report tentative associations between thyroid receptor antagonism, chemical concentrations, and papillary thyroid cancer case status. Future research utilizing larger sample sizes, prospective data collection, and measurement of serum thyroid hormone levels (which were not possible in this study) should be utilized to more comprehensively evaluate these associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher D Kassotis
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Nicholas J Herkert
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Stephanie C Hammel
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Kate Hoffman
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Qianyi Xia
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Seth W Kullman
- Toxicology Program, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Julie Ann Sosa
- Department of Surgery, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143, United States
| | - Heather M Stapleton
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
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43
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Sun Y, Cui H, Li T, Tao S, Hu J, Wan Y. Protein-affinity guided identification of chlorinated paraffin components as ubiquitous chemicals. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2020; 145:106165. [PMID: 33053452 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.106165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Chlorinated paraffins (CPs) have been extensively examined to identify their components. Short-chain CPs with a carbon number of 10-13 have been strictly restricted or banned due to their addition to the list of Persistent Organic Pollutants in the world. However, more constituents with potential toxicities in these complicated mixtures are still unclear. In the present study, a purification method based on the protein affinity of thyroid hormone-related proteins (transthyretin and thyroid receptor) was established. The protein-based affinity extraction coupled with high-throughput scanning successfully discover a new group of chlorinated compounds (CP(O2)) in commercial CP mixtures. The CP(O2)s were purified from the commercial mixtures and identified to be chlorinated fatty acid methyl esters (CFAMEs) with a carbon chain length of 17-19 and 3-11 chlorines by a combination of liquid-liquid extraction, hydrolysis, Fourier transform infrared spectrometry and Orbitrap mass spectrometry. The newly identified CFAMEs were found to be ubiquitous in the environmental matrices, and concentration ratios of ∑CFAMEs/∑CPs ranged from 0.01 to 35 in air, soil and food samples. CFAMEs were also detected in blood samples of general populations, and accumulated in humans through dietary uptake. CFAMEs can compete with T4 for binding TTR with higher potencies than CPs, possibly leading to disruptions of thyroid hormone homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yibin Sun
- Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Hongyang Cui
- Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Tong Li
- Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Shu Tao
- Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jianying Hu
- Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yi Wan
- Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
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44
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Eve L, Fervers B, Le Romancer M, Etienne-Selloum N. Exposure to Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals and Risk of Breast Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E9139. [PMID: 33266302 PMCID: PMC7731339 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21239139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the second most common cancer and the fifth deadliest in the world. Exposure to endocrine disrupting pollutants has been suggested to contribute to the increase in disease incidence. Indeed, a growing number of researchershave investigated the effects of widely used environmental chemicals with endocrine disrupting properties on BC development in experimental (in vitro and animal models) and epidemiological studies. The complex effects of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) on hormonal pathways, involving carcinogenic effects and an increase in mammary gland susceptibility to carcinogenesis-together with the specific characteristics of the mammary gland evolving over the course of life and the multifactorial etiology of BC-make the evaluation of these compounds a complex issue. Among the many EDCs suspected of increasing the risk of BC, strong evidence has only been provided for few EDCs including diethylstilbestrol, dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane, dioxins and bisphenol A. However, given the ubiquitous nature and massive use of EDCs, it is essential to continue to assess their long-term health effects, particularly on carcinogenesis, to eradicate the worst of them and to sensitize the population to minimize their use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louisane Eve
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Strasbourg, F-67000 Strasbourg, France;
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, F-69000 Lyon, France
- Inserm U1052, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, F-69000 Lyon, France
- CNRS UMR5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, F-69000 Lyon, France
| | - Béatrice Fervers
- Centre de Lutte Contre le Cancer Léon-Bérard, F-69000 Lyon, France;
- Inserm UA08, Radiations, Défense, Santé, Environnement, Center Léon Bérard, F-69000 Lyon, France
| | - Muriel Le Romancer
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, F-69000 Lyon, France
- Inserm U1052, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, F-69000 Lyon, France
- CNRS UMR5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, F-69000 Lyon, France
| | - Nelly Etienne-Selloum
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Strasbourg, F-67000 Strasbourg, France;
- Service de Pharmacie, Institut de Cancérologie Strasbourg Europe, F-67000 Strasbourg, France
- CNRS UMR7021/Unistra, Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Strasbourg, F-67000 Strasbourg, France
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45
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Garcia de Lomana M, Weber AG, Birk B, Landsiedel R, Achenbach J, Schleifer KJ, Mathea M, Kirchmair J. In Silico Models to Predict the Perturbation of Molecular Initiating Events Related to Thyroid Hormone Homeostasis. Chem Res Toxicol 2020; 34:396-411. [PMID: 33185102 PMCID: PMC7887800 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.0c00304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Disturbance of the thyroid hormone homeostasis has been associated with adverse health effects such as goiters and impaired mental development in humans and thyroid tumors in rats. In vitro and in silico methods for predicting the effects of small molecules on thyroid hormone homeostasis are currently being explored as alternatives to animal experiments, but are still in an early stage of development. The aim of this work was the development of a battery of in silico models for a set of targets involved in molecular initiating events of thyroid hormone homeostasis: deiodinases 1, 2, and 3, thyroid peroxidase (TPO), thyroid hormone receptor (TR), sodium/iodide symporter, thyrotropin-releasing hormone receptor, and thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor. The training data sets were compiled from the ToxCast database and related scientific literature. Classical statistical approaches as well as several machine learning methods (including random forest, support vector machine, and neural networks) were explored in combination with three data balancing techniques. The models were trained on molecular descriptors and fingerprints and evaluated on holdout data. Furthermore, multi-task neural networks combining several end points were investigated as a possible way to improve the performance of models for which the experimental data available for model training are limited. Classifiers for TPO and TR performed particularly well, with F1 scores of 0.83 and 0.81 on the holdout data set, respectively. Models for the other studied targets yielded F1 scores of up to 0.77. An in-depth analysis of the reliability of predictions was performed for the most relevant models. All data sets used in this work for model development and validation are available in the Supporting Information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Garcia de Lomana
- BASF SE, 67063 Ludwigshafen am Rhein, Germany.,Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Johannes Kirchmair
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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46
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Gilbert ME, O'Shaughnessy KL, Axelstad M. Regulation of Thyroid-disrupting Chemicals to Protect the Developing Brain. Endocrinology 2020; 161:bqaa106. [PMID: 32615585 PMCID: PMC8650774 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqaa106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Synthetic chemicals with endocrine disrupting properties are pervasive in the environment and are present in the bodies of humans and wildlife. As thyroid hormones (THs) control normal brain development, and maternal hypothyroxinemia is associated with neurological impairments in children, chemicals that interfere with TH signaling are of considerable concern for children's health. However, identifying thyroid-disrupting chemicals (TDCs) in vivo is largely based on measuring serum tetraiodothyronine in rats, which may be inadequate to assess TDCs with disparate mechanisms of action and insufficient to evaluate the potential neurotoxicity of TDCs. In this review 2 neurodevelopmental processes that are dependent on TH action are highlighted, neuronal migration and maturation of gamma amino butyric acid-ergic interneurons. We discuss how interruption of these processes by TDCs may contribute to abnormal brain circuitry following developmental TH insufficiency. Finally, we identify issues in evaluating the developmental neurotoxicity of TDCs and the strengths and limitations of current approaches designed to regulate them. It is clear that an enhanced understanding of how THs affect brain development will lead to refined toxicity testing, reducing uncertainty and improving our ability to protect children's health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary E Gilbert
- Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
| | - Katherine L O'Shaughnessy
- Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
| | - Marta Axelstad
- Division of Diet, Disease Prevention and Toxicology, National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
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47
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Ishigami-Yuasa M, Kagechika H. Chemical Screening of Nuclear Receptor Modulators. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E5512. [PMID: 32752136 PMCID: PMC7432305 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21155512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Nuclear receptors are ligand-inducible transcriptional factors that control multiple biological phenomena, including proliferation, differentiation, reproduction, metabolism, and the maintenance of homeostasis. Members of the nuclear receptor superfamily have marked structural and functional similarities, and their domain functionalities and regulatory mechanisms have been well studied. Various modulators of nuclear receptors, including agonists and antagonists, have been developed as tools for elucidating nuclear receptor functions and also as drug candidates or lead compounds. Many assay systems are currently available to evaluate the modulation of nuclear receptor functions, and are useful as screening tools in the discovery and development of new modulators. In this review, we cover the chemical screening methods for nuclear receptor modulators, focusing on assay methods and chemical libraries for screening. We include some recent examples of the discovery of nuclear receptor modulators.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hiroyuki Kagechika
- Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan;
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48
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Stossi F, Mistry RM, Singh PK, Johnson HL, Mancini MG, Szafran AT, Mancini MA. Single-Cell Distribution Analysis of AR Levels by High-Throughput Microscopy in Cell Models: Application for Testing Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals. SLAS DISCOVERY 2020; 25:684-694. [PMID: 32552291 DOI: 10.1177/2472555220934420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cell-to-cell variation of protein expression in genetically homogeneous populations is a common biological trait often neglected during analysis of high-throughput (HT) screens and is rarely used as a metric to characterize chemicals. We have captured single-cell distributions of androgen receptor (AR) nuclear levels after perturbations as a means to evaluate assay reproducibility and characterize a small subset of chemicals. AR, a member of the nuclear receptor family of transcription factors, is the central regulator of male reproduction and is involved in many pathophysiological processes. AR protein levels and nuclear localization often increase following ligand binding, with dihydrotestosterone (DHT) being the natural agonist. HT AR immunofluorescence imaging was used in multiple cell lines to define single-cell nuclear values extracted from thousands of cells per condition treated with DHT or DMSO (control). Analysis of numerous biological replicates led to a quality control metric that takes into account the distribution of single-cell data, and how it changes upon treatments. Dose-response experiments across several cell lines showed a large range of sensitivity to DHT, prompting us to treat selected cell lines with 45 Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)-provided chemicals that include many endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs); data from six of the compounds were then integrated with orthogonal assays. Our comprehensive results indicate that quantitative single-cell distribution analysis of AR protein levels is a valid method to detect the potential androgenic and antiandrogenic actions of environmentally relevant chemicals in a sensitive and reproducible manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Stossi
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.,Integrated Microscopy Core, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.,GCC Center for Advanced Microscopy and Image Informatics, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ragini M Mistry
- GCC Center for Advanced Microscopy and Image Informatics, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Pankaj K Singh
- GCC Center for Advanced Microscopy and Image Informatics, Houston, TX, USA.,Center for Translational Cancer Research, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Hannah L Johnson
- Integrated Microscopy Core, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.,GCC Center for Advanced Microscopy and Image Informatics, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Maureen G Mancini
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Adam T Szafran
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Michael A Mancini
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.,Integrated Microscopy Core, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.,GCC Center for Advanced Microscopy and Image Informatics, Houston, TX, USA.,Center for Translational Cancer Research, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.,Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
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49
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Matsuzaka Y, Uesawa Y. Molecular Image-Based Prediction Models of Nuclear Receptor Agonists and Antagonists Using the DeepSnap-Deep Learning Approach with the Tox21 10K Library. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25122764. [PMID: 32549344 PMCID: PMC7356846 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25122764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The interaction of nuclear receptors (NRs) with chemical compounds can cause dysregulation of endocrine signaling pathways, leading to adverse health outcomes due to the disruption of natural hormones. Thus, identifying possible ligands of NRs is a crucial task for understanding the adverse outcome pathway (AOP) for human toxicity as well as the development of novel drugs. However, the experimental assessment of novel ligands remains expensive and time-consuming. Therefore, an in silico approach with a wide range of applications instead of experimental examination is highly desirable. The recently developed novel molecular image-based deep learning (DL) method, DeepSnap-DL, can produce multiple snapshots from three-dimensional (3D) chemical structures and has achieved high performance in the prediction of chemicals for toxicological evaluation. In this study, we used DeepSnap-DL to construct prediction models of 35 agonist and antagonist allosteric modulators of NRs for chemicals derived from the Tox21 10K library. We demonstrate the high performance of DeepSnap-DL in constructing prediction models. These findings may aid in interpreting the key molecular events of toxicity and support the development of new fields of machine learning to identify environmental chemicals with the potential to interact with NR signaling pathways.
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50
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Schmidt CW. Finding the Right Fit: Highly Selective Binding by the Thyroid Hormone Receptor. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2020; 128:64001. [PMID: 32579035 PMCID: PMC7313620 DOI: 10.1289/ehp6520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
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