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Rosa CP, de Andrade DC, Barreto ESR, Antunes Júnior CR, Alencar VB, Lins-Kusterer LEF, Kraychete DC, Teixeira MJ. Immune response and cytokine profiles in post-laminectomy pain syndrome: comparative analysis after treatment with intrathecal opioids, oral opioids, and non-opioid therapies. Inflammopharmacology 2024:10.1007/s10787-024-01521-z. [PMID: 39039349 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-024-01521-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study explores the interaction between cytokines, cell-mediated immunity (T cells, B cells, and NK cells), and prolonged morphine administration in chronic neuropathic pain patients without cancer-related issues. Despite evidence of opioid immunomodulation, few studies have compared these interactions. METHODS In a cross-sectional and comparative study, 50 patients with chronic low back radicular pain ("Failed Back Surgery Syndrome") were categorized into intrathecal morphine infusion (IT group, n = 18), oral morphine (PO group, n = 17), and non-opioid treatment (NO group, n = 15). Various parameters, including plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cytokine concentrations, lymphocyte immunophenotyping, opioid escalation indices, cumulative morphine dose, and treatment duration, were assessed. RESULTS CSF IL-8 and IL-1β concentrations exceeded plasma levels in all patients. No differences in T, B, and NK lymphocyte numbers were observed between morphine-treated and non-treated patients. Higher plasma IL-5 and GM-CSF concentrations were noted in IT and PO groups compared to NO. CSF IFNγ concentrations were higher in PO and NO than IT. Positive correlations included CD4 concentrations with opioid escalation indices, and negative correlations involved NK cell concentrations, CSF TNFα concentrations, and opioid escalation indices. Positive correlations were identified between certain cytokines and pain intensity in IT patients, and between NK cells and cumulative morphine dose. Negative correlations were observed between CSF IL-5 concentrations and pain intensity in IT and PO, and between opioid escalation indices and CSF cytokine concentrations in PO and IT. CONCLUSION Associations between cytokines, cellular immunity, and prolonged morphine treatment, administered orally and intrathecally were identified.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Eduardo Silva Reis Barreto
- Federal University of Bahia, Av. Reitor Miguel Calmon, S/N - Vale Do Canela, Salvador, Bahia State, 40110-100, Brazil.
| | - César Romero Antunes Júnior
- Federal University of Bahia, Av. Reitor Miguel Calmon, S/N - Vale Do Canela, Salvador, Bahia State, 40110-100, Brazil
| | - Vinicius Borges Alencar
- Federal University of Bahia, Av. Reitor Miguel Calmon, S/N - Vale Do Canela, Salvador, Bahia State, 40110-100, Brazil
| | | | - Durval Campos Kraychete
- Federal University of Bahia, Av. Reitor Miguel Calmon, S/N - Vale Do Canela, Salvador, Bahia State, 40110-100, Brazil
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Kaya DO, Celenay ST, Secer E, Biceroglu H. Pain intensity, spine structure, and body composition in patients with acute discogenic lumbar radiculopathy. Musculoskelet Sci Pract 2024; 73:103133. [PMID: 38968681 DOI: 10.1016/j.msksp.2024.103133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Revised: 06/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to compare the pain intensity, spine structure, and body composition according to functional disability levels in patients with acute discogenic lumbar radiculopathy (DLR). METHODS A total of 118 women (n = 83) and men (n = 35) patients with acute DLR (mean age: 51.87 ± 13.38 years) were included in the study. The function ability was measured with the Oswestry Disability Index, pain intensity was measured with the Visual Analogue Scale, spine structure was measured with the Spinal Mouse® device, and body composition was measured with the Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis System. RESULTS Patients with mild functional disability levels had significantly lower activity (p˂.001) and night pain intensity (p = 0.001) than patients with moderate, severe, and completely functional disability levels, and patients with completely functional disability levels had significantly higher rest pain intensity (p = 0.005) than patients with mild, moderate, and severe functional disability levels. Patients with mild functional disability levels had significantly better spine check scores (p = 0.001), posture (p = 0.005), and mobility (p = 0.003) than patients with moderate, severe, and completely functional disability levels. Patients with mild functional disability levels had significantly lower fat percentage (p = 0.032), and higher basal metabolic rate (p = 0.024) than patients with moderate, severe, and completely functional disability levels. CONCLUSION Pain intensity, spinal structure, and body composition of acute DLR patients differ greatly according to their functional disability levels. Although it is known that the level of functional disability of patients is a result of the severity or prognosis of the disease, performing different treatment methods aimed at decreasing the functional disability level of patients by health professionals may be important in terms of coping with the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derya Ozer Kaya
- Izmir Katip Celebi University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Izmir, Turkey; Izmir Katip Celebi University, Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation Research and Application Center, Izmir, Turkey.
| | - Seyda Toprak Celenay
- Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Erhan Secer
- Manisa Celal Bayar University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Manisa, Turkey.
| | - Huseyin Biceroglu
- Ege University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Brain and Nerve Surgery, Izmir, Turkey.
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Cankaya MS, Pala OO. Outcomes of Mulligan Concept Applications in Obese Individuals with Chronic Mechanical Low Back Pain: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:754. [PMID: 38929735 PMCID: PMC11205199 DOI: 10.3390/life14060754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Various treatment modalities have been employed for mechanical low back pain (MLBP), but evidence of their efficacy varies greatly. Objectıve: This randomized controlled trial aimed to assess the outcomes of Mulligan concept applications, including sustained natural apophyseal glides (SNAGS) and natural apophyseal glides (NAGS), in obese patients with MLBP. METHODS The study, conducted between January 2021 and June 2022 at a tertiary hospital, involved randomizing patients into two groups. Both groups underwent six sessions of stretching and strengthening exercises every other day. The Mulligan group received additional intervention with SNAG and NAGS techniques. Measurements were made regarding the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) score, Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) score and range of motion (ROM) for the patients' MLBP level. RESULTS Post-interventions, both groups exhibited positive changes in flexion ROM, extension ROM, right and left rotation ROM, right and left lateral flexion ROM, VAS score, and ODI score compared to pre-intervention (p < 0.001 for both groups and variables). The Mulligan group showed a higher increase in ROM and a more significant decrease in VAS and ODI scores. Conclusıons: Mulligan mobilization techniques prove significantly beneficial for enhancing ROM in all directions, reducing pain levels, and alleviating disability in obese individuals with MLBP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammed Safa Cankaya
- Vocational School of Health Services, Erzincan Binali Yıldırım University, Erzincan 24002, Turkey;
| | - Omer Osman Pala
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Bolu Abant İzzet Baysal University, Bolu 14030, Turkey
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Nasb M, Li F, Dayoub L, Wu T, Wei M, Chen N. Bridging the gap: Integrating exercise mimicry into chronic disease management through suppressing chronic inflammation. J Adv Res 2024:S2090-1232(24)00176-0. [PMID: 38704088 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2024.04.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic inflammation is a common hallmark of many chronic diseases. Although exercise holds paramount importance in preventing and managing chronic diseases, adherence to exercise programs can be challenging for some patients. Consequently, there is a pressing need to explore alternative strategies to emulate the anti-inflammatory effects of exercise for chronic diseases. AIM OF REVIEW This review explores the emerging role of green tea bioactive components as potential mitigators of chronic inflammation, offering insights into their capacity to mimic the beneficial effects of exercise. We propose that bioactive components in green tea are promising agents for suppressing chronic inflammation, suggesting their unique capability to replicate the health benefits of exercise. KEY SCIENTIFIC CONCEPTS OF REVIEW This review focuses on several key concepts, including chronic inflammation and its role in chronic diseases, the anti-inflammatory effects of regular exercise, and bioactive components in green tea responsible for its health benefits. It elaborates on scientific evidence supporting the anti-inflammatory properties of green tea bioactive components, such as epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), and theorizes how these bioactive components might replicate the effects of exercise at a molecular level. Through a comprehensive analysis of current research, this review proposes a novel perspective on the application of green tea as a potential intervention strategy to suppress chronic inflammation, thereby extending the benefits akin to those achieved through exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Nasb
- Tianjiu Research and Development Center for Exercise Nutrition and Foods, Hubei Key Laboratory of Exercise Training and Monitoring, College of Sports Medicine, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Fengxing Li
- Tianjiu Research and Development Center for Exercise Nutrition and Foods, Hubei Key Laboratory of Exercise Training and Monitoring, College of Sports Medicine, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Lamis Dayoub
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Tong Wu
- Tianjiu Research and Development Center for Exercise Nutrition and Foods, Hubei Key Laboratory of Exercise Training and Monitoring, College of Sports Medicine, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Minhui Wei
- Tianjiu Research and Development Center for Exercise Nutrition and Foods, Hubei Key Laboratory of Exercise Training and Monitoring, College of Sports Medicine, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Ning Chen
- Tianjiu Research and Development Center for Exercise Nutrition and Foods, Hubei Key Laboratory of Exercise Training and Monitoring, College of Sports Medicine, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan 430079, China.
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Li C, Gao W, Yao X, Tong T, Wang Y, Li W, Liu J, Zhou X, An J, Yu B, Wang L. The magnetic resonance imaging-based vertebral bone quality scoring system: A novel method to evaluate endplate changes in patients with primary single-level disk herniation and Modic changes. Jt Dis Relat Surg 2024; 35:257-266. [PMID: 38727103 PMCID: PMC11128952 DOI: 10.52312/jdrs.2024.1527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to investigate differences in vertebral fat distribution and bone density between patients with and without Modic changes (MCs) using a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based vertebral bone quality (VBQ) scoring system. PATIENTS AND METHODS In this retrospective study, 189 patients (95 males, 94 females; mean age: 54±2.2 years; range, 18 to 82 years) with primary single-level disk herniation were reviewed between June 2021 and June 2022. The patients were divided into the MC group (n=99) and the non-MC (NMC) group (n=90). The subcutaneous fat tissue thickness and bone mineral density were determined. The system consisted of two scores: the VBQ score, which reflected the fatty infiltration within the vertebral body, and the endplate bone quality (EBQ) score, which reflected the signal intensity (SI) of the upper and lower endplates. The EBQ score is a novel measurement that we introduced in this study. The VBQ and EBQ were measured and scored using MRI scans. The mean SI of the upper and lower endplates (endplate SI)/the bone marrow SI (marrow SI) was measured. RESULTS There was a considerable difference in subcutaneous fat tissue thickness between the MC and NMC groups (1.40 vs. 1.16 cm, p=0.01). The EBQ scores of the L4 and L5 vertebrae and endplate SI/marrow SI of all vertebral body levels were significantly higher in the MC group. CONCLUSION The occurrence of MCs in the lumbar spine may be associated with abnormal fat distribution. The distribution of vertebral fat in patients with MCs is distributed earlier in the upper and lower endplates of the vertebral body, and this trend is not observed in patients without MC. The thickness of subcutaneous fat tissue is a key factor in the occurrence of MCs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Linfeng Wang
- The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University 139 Ziqiang Street, Shijiazhuang 050051, Hebei, People's Republic of China.
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Koca TT, Özer A. Low back pain and kinesiophobia in pregnant women. J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil 2024:BMR240006. [PMID: 38607751 DOI: 10.3233/bmr-240006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND During pregnancy, many pregnant women experience lumbopelvic pain due to mechanical, systemic, and hormonal reasons and this pain and fear of movement (kinesiophobia) causes daily life limitations. OBJECTIVE To examine low back pain (LBP), kinesiophobia, disability, and related conditions that develop together during pregnancy. METHODS The was a cross-sectional and analytical study. The presence, severity, and duration of pain in the lumbopelvic region were questioned. Postpartum LBP was evaluated using a self-administered questionnaire, disability using the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), pain intensity using a visual analog scale (VAS), physical activity levels using the physical activity level during pregnancy questionnaire and the international physical activity questionnaire short form, and kinesiophobia was evaluated using the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia. RESULTS The study comprised 120 pregnant women with a mean age of 27.4 ± 6.1 years. It was observed that 42.3% of the pregnant had LBP (n= 69). The mean body mass index (BMI) was 73.6 ± 16.2 kg/m2, and the mean VAS score was 5.5 ± 2 cm. When we divided the group according to the presence of LBP, age (p= 0.49), gestational week (p= 0.75), and gravida (p= 0.81) were similar. BMI (p= 0.038) and ODI scores (p< 0.001) were higher in the group with LBP. CONCLUSION LBP in pregnant women has a higher frequency than in the normal population, regardless of age, gestational week, and gravida. Obesity appears to be a risk factor for LBP and increases disability. Kinesiophobia in pregnant women is significantly associated with obesity and disability. Unless there are contraindications, a physically active pregnancy process and regular exercise should be recommend.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuba Tülay Koca
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Sütçü İmam University, Kahramanmaraş, Turkey
| | - Alev Özer
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Sütçü İmam University, Kahramanmaraş, Turkey
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Zhang J, Jiang N, Xu H, Wu Y, Cheng S, Liang B. Efficacy of cognitive functional therapy in patients with low back pain: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Nurs Stud 2024; 151:104679. [PMID: 38219428 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2023.104679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low back pain is a major public health problem worldwide, and there exists evidence that cognitive functional therapy may help improve patients' health condition. However, the utilization of cognitive functional therapy for low back pain is limited, and its clinical efficacy remains unclear. OBJECTIVES To determine the efficacy of cognitive functional therapy in the management of disability, pain intensity, and fear-avoidance beliefs in low back pain patients. DESIGN Systematic review and meta-analysis. METHOD A comprehensive study search of Pubmed, Web of Science, Medline, CINAHL, Embase, PsycINFO, and the Cochrane Library databases was conducted from their inception to August 14th, 2023. Two researchers independently conducted the literature search and data extraction. All statistical analysis was performed using Stata Version 17.0. RESULTS A total of eight randomized controlled trials were included. In the short-term, cognitive functional therapy significantly improved disability (7 studies, SMD = -1.05, 95 % CI = -1.74 to -0.35, I2 = 95.37 %, GRADE = very low), pain intensity (7 studies, SMD = -1.02, 95 % CI = -1.89 to -0.15, I2 = 97.21 %, GRADE = very low), and fear-avoidance beliefs (4 studies, SMD = -0.89, 95 % CI = -1.30 to -0.47, I2 = 82.49 %, GRADE = very low). In the medium-term, cognitive functional therapy also significantly improved disability (3 studies, SMD = -0.48, 95 % CI = -0.82 to -0.14, I2 = 77.97 %, GRADE = very low), pain intensity (3 studies, SMD = -0.34, 95 % CI = -0.58 to -0.10, I2 = 55.55 %, GRADE = very low), and fear-avoidance beliefs (2 studies, SMD = -0.62, 95 % CI = -1.19 to -0.04, I2 = 88.24 %, GRADE = very low). In the long-term, cognitive functional therapy significantly improved disability (4 studies, SMD = -0.54, 95 % CI = -0.95 to -0.13, I2 = 85.87 %, GRADE = very low) and fear-avoidance beliefs (3 studies, SMD = -0.76, 95 % CI = -1.17 to -0.34, I2 = 80.34 %, GRADE = very low). CONCLUSION Cognitive functional therapy might be effective in reducing disability and fear-avoidance beliefs at any of short-, medium- and long-term follow-ups, and reducing pain at short- and medium-term follow-ups. No definitive conclusions can be drawn about the impact of cognitive functional therapy on low back pain patients due to the very low certainty evidence base. Additional rigorous randomized controlled trials are needed to further confirm these findings. REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42022287123 (PROSPERO).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Zhang
- Department of Nursing, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, 100045, China
| | - Nan Jiang
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Huiying Xu
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, China
| | - Yi Wu
- School of Nursing, Peking University, 100191, China
| | - Siming Cheng
- Jilin General Aviation Vocational and Technical College, Jilin 132000, China
| | - Bing Liang
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
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Wang M, Yuan H, Lei F, Zhang S, Jiang L, Yan J, Feng D. Abdominal Fat is a Reliable Indicator of Lumbar Intervertebral Disc Degeneration than Body Mass Index. World Neurosurg 2024; 182:e171-e177. [PMID: 38000674 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2023.11.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to determine whether abdominal fat status correlates with low back pain (LBP) and lumbar intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) and to identify a new anthropometric index to predict the likelihood of developing LBP. METHODS Patients with chronic low back pain admitted to the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University from June 2022 to May 2023 were collected as the experimental group. Volunteers without LBP from June 2022 to May 2023 were also recruited as the control group. They underwent lumbar spine magnetic resonance imaging and had their body mass index (BMI) measured. Abdominal parameters were measured on T2-weighted median sagittal magnetic resonance imaging at the L3/4 level: abdominal diameter, sagittal abdominal diameter (SAD), and subcutaneous abdominal fat thickness (SAFT). Each lumbar IVDD was assessed using the Pfirrmann grading system. The differences in abdominal parameters and BMI between the experimental and control groups were compared, and the correlations between abdominal parameters, BMI, LBP, and IVDD were analyzed. RESULTS Abdominal diameter, SAD, and SAFT had moderate-to-strong correlations with BMI. SAD was significantly associated with severe IVDD at L4-L5 and L5-S1 levels with odds ratio of 3.201 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.850-5.539, P < 0.001) and 1.596 (95% CI: 1.072-2.378, P = 0.021), respectively. BMI had no significant association with severe IVDD. In women, SAFT and BMI were significantly correlated with LBP; in men, only SAFT was significantly correlated with LBP. Appropriate cutoff values for men and women were 1.52 cm (area under the curve = 0.702, 95% CI: 0.615-0.789, P < 0.001) and 1.97 cm (area under the curve = 0.740, 95% CI: 0.662-0.818, P < 0.001), respectively. Men and women with SAFT of >1.52 cm and >1.97 cm, respectively, had significantly higher rates of LBP. CONCLUSIONS SAD could predict severe IVDD better than BMI. SAFT is a better predictor of LBP than BMI, especially in men, and reliably distinguished patients with LBP from asymptomatic subjects with reliable cutoff values for men and women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minglang Wang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Hao Yuan
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Fei Lei
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Shilin Zhang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Lin Jiang
- Department of Proctology, Yanjiang District People's Hospital of Ziyang City, Ziyang, Sichuan, China
| | - Jiyuan Yan
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Daxiong Feng
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.
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Gualdi F, Smith IG, Boixader RC, Williams FMK. Modic change is associated with increased BMI but not autoimmune diseases in TwinsUK. EUROPEAN SPINE JOURNAL : OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE EUROPEAN SPINE SOCIETY, THE EUROPEAN SPINAL DEFORMITY SOCIETY, AND THE EUROPEAN SECTION OF THE CERVICAL SPINE RESEARCH SOCIETY 2023; 32:3379-3386. [PMID: 37555954 DOI: 10.1007/s00586-023-07870-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Low back pain (LBP) is one of the largest causes of morbidity worldwide. The aetiology of LBP is complex, and many factors contribute to the onset. Bone marrow lesions within the vertebra adjacent to an intervertebral degenerate disc named Modic change (MC) have been suggested as a diagnostic subgroup of LBP. Autoimmune response has been proposed to be one of the causes that promote the development of MC. The aim of the current investigation is to assess prevalence and severity of MC and LBP in participants with an autoimmune disease diagnosis in a well-documented cohort of adult twin volunteers. METHODS Multivariate generalized mixed linear models (GLMM) were implemented in order to calculate the association between having an autoimmune disorder and MC prevalence, width and severe and disabling LBP. The model was corrected for family structure as well as for covariates such as age, BMI and smoking. RESULTS No association was found between diagnosis of autoimmune disorder and MC. Interestingly, BMI was independently associated with MC width but not to MC prevalence. These results help to shed light on the relationship between MC and autoimmunity as well as the role of BMI in the development of the lesions. CONCLUSION This study is the first to examine autoimmune disorders and MC prevalence in a large, population-based female cohort. The study was well powered to detect a small effect. No association was found between having a diagnosis of one or more autoimmune conditions and MC prevalence, width or LBP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Gualdi
- Research Programme on Biomedical Informatics (GRIB), Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Pompeu Fabra University (UPF), Barcelona, Spain.
- Structural Bioinformatics Lab (GRIB-IMIM), Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 08005, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
- Department Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, St Thomas Hospital, Westminster Bridge Road, London, SE1 7EH, UK.
| | - Isabelle Granville Smith
- Department Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, St Thomas Hospital, Westminster Bridge Road, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Roger Compte Boixader
- Department Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, St Thomas Hospital, Westminster Bridge Road, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Frances M K Williams
- Department Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, St Thomas Hospital, Westminster Bridge Road, London, SE1 7EH, UK
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Slouma M, Kharrat L, Tezegdenti A, Metoui L, Ghazouani E, Dhahri R, Gharsallah I, Louzir B. Pro-inflammatory cytokines in patients with low back pain: A comparative study. REUMATOLOGIA CLINICA 2023; 19:244-248. [PMID: 37147060 DOI: 10.1016/j.reumae.2022.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES There are controversial results regarding the value of serum IL-8 and TNFα in patients with non-specific low back pain. This study aimed to compare pro-inflammatory cytokines between patients with non-specific back pain and pain-free controls. MATERIALS AND METHODS We conducted a case-control study including 106 participants: 46 patients with chronic non-specific low back pain (G1) and 60 pain-free controls (G0). The interleukin (IL-)6, IL-8, IL-17, IL-23, IL-22, and Tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) were measured. We collected demographic and clinical data, including age, gender, low back pain duration and radicular pain. The pain degree was assessed using the Visual Analogic Scale. RESULTS The mean age was 43.17±8.7 years in G1. Radicular pain was found in 37 cases with a Visual Analogic Scale of 3.03±2.5mm. The magnetic resonance imaging was performed in (G1), showing disk herniation and degenerative disk disease in 54.3% (n=25) and 45.7% of cases (n=21), respectively. The IL-8 was higher in G1 (18.84±44.64 versus 4.34±1.23pg/mL, p:0.033). IL-8 levels correlated with TNFα (0.942, p<10-3), IL-6 (0.490, p=0.011) and Visual Analogic ScaleRadicular-pain (r:0.297, p:0.047). IL-17 was higher in patients with restricted lumbar spine mobility (9.64±20.77 versus 1.19±2.54pg/mL, p:0.014). CONCLUSIONS Our results provide evidence that IL-8 and TNFα play a role in low back pain and radicular pain due to disk degeneration or herniation. These findings could potentially be used by future studies to develop new non-specific low back pain therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maroua Slouma
- Department of Rheumatology, Military Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia; Tunis El Manar University, Tunisia
| | - Lobna Kharrat
- Department of Rheumatology, Military Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia; Tunis El Manar University, Tunisia.
| | - Aymen Tezegdenti
- Department of Immunology, Military Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia; Tunis El Manar University, Tunisia
| | - Leila Metoui
- Department of Rheumatology, Military Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia; Tunis El Manar University, Tunisia
| | - Ezzeddine Ghazouani
- Department of Immunology, Military Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia; Tunis El Manar University, Tunisia
| | - Rim Dhahri
- Department of Rheumatology, Military Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia; Tunis El Manar University, Tunisia
| | - Imen Gharsallah
- Department of Rheumatology, Military Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia; Tunis El Manar University, Tunisia
| | - Bassem Louzir
- Tunis El Manar University, Tunisia; Department of Internal Medicine, Military Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia
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MORENO-LIGERO M, MORAL-MUNOZ JA, FAILDE I, DUEÑAS M. Physical activity levels in adults with chronic low back pain: A national survey in the general Spanish population. J Rehabil Med 2023; 55:jrm00366. [PMID: 36661849 PMCID: PMC9881013 DOI: 10.2340/jrm.v55.4352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify and compare physical activity levels in the Spanish population with chronic low back pain and their associated factors. DESIGN Cross-sectional national study. SUBJECTS A total of 3,220 adults with chronic low back pain from the 2017 Spanish National Health Survey. METHODS Three groups were defined according to physical activity level (low, moderate, and high) assessed with the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Descriptive analysis and an ordinal regression model were performed. RESULTS Thirty percent of the subjects were classed as doing a low level of physical activity, 53% moderate, and 17% high. Females predominated in the low and moderate groups, and the subjects in the high group were younger. Subjects in the low group reported more use of pain-relief, more severe-extreme pain, more functional limitations, and worse quality of life and mental health. Factors more likely to be associated with higher levels of physical activity were: being male, normal body mass index or overweight, better health status, less pain, less physical and cognitive limitations, and more social support. CONCLUSION Different aspects of the biopsychosocial framework were associated with the different levels of physical activity in subjects with chronic low back pain. These findings should be taken into consideration in order to establish suitable public health strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta MORENO-LIGERO
- Preventive Medicine and Public Health Area, Department of Biomedicine, Biotechnology and Public Health,Observatory of Pain
| | - Jose A. MORAL-MUNOZ
- Observatory of Pain,Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, University of Cadiz,Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cadiz (INiBICA)
| | - Inmaculada FAILDE
- Preventive Medicine and Public Health Area, Department of Biomedicine, Biotechnology and Public Health,Observatory of Pain,Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cadiz (INiBICA)
| | - María DUEÑAS
- Observatory of Pain,Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cadiz (INiBICA),Department of Statistics and Operational Research, University of Cadiz, Cadiz, Spain
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12
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Effects of Virtual Reality Exercises versus Isokinetic Exercises in comparison with Conventional Exercises on the Imaging Findings and Inflammatory Biomarker Changes in Soccer Players with Non-Specific Low Back Pain: A Randomized Controlled Trial. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 20:ijerph20010524. [PMID: 36612846 PMCID: PMC9819442 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20010524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Chronic non-specific low back pain (CNLBP) is the most common musculoskeletal problem. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of advanced physiotherapeutic exercise programs on imaging findings and inflammatory biomarkers in soccer players with CNLBP. In total, 60 CNLBP participants were divided into virtual reality exercise (VRE; n = 20), isokinetic exercise (IKE; n = 20), and conventional exercise (n = 20) groups. Pain intensity, imaging findings (muscle cross-sectional area (CSA) and muscle thickness), and changes in inflammatory biomarkers (CRP, TNF-α, IL-2, IL-4, and IL-6) were measured at baseline and after four weeks. After four weeks of intervention, there was a significant improvement (p = 0.001) in pain intensity for the VRE vs. IKE (0.7; CI 95% 0.38 to 1.07) and VRE vs. conventional (3.0 CI 95% 2.68 to 3.31) groups. The IKE group showed a greater number of significant changes in muscle CSA and muscle thickness than the other two groups (p < 0.001). Moreover, the VRE group showed significant improvement in inflammatory biomarker measures compared with the other two groups (p < 0.001). In CNLBP, virtual and isokinetic exercises had equal effects on reducing pain intensity. Isokinetic exercise is beneficial in increasing the muscle CSA and thickness, and virtual exercises are helpful for attenuating the inflammation process in soccer players with CNLBP.
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Tonelli Enrico V, Schneider M, Haas M, Vo N, Huang W, McFarland C, Weber N, Sowa G. The association of biomarkers with pain and function in acute and subacute low back pain: a secondary analysis of an RCT. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2022; 23:1059. [PMID: 36471334 PMCID: PMC9721012 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-022-06027-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low back pain (LBP) is a common musculoskeletal condition and a major cause of disability worldwide. Previous studies have found associations of biomarkers with pain and pain-related disability in LBP patients. This study aimed to explore the association between serum biomarkers and pain and disability in patients with acute or subacute axial LBP. METHODS This study was ancillary to a parent randomized controlled trial. Enrolled participants were randomized into three intervention groups: one of two types of spinal manipulation or medical care. In the parent study, 107 adults who experienced a new episode of LBP within 3 months prior to enrollment were recruited. For this study, 90 of these 107 participants consented to have blood samples obtained, which were drawn immediately before the beginning of treatment. Seven biomarkers were chosen based on previous literature and analyzed. Clinical outcomes were pain and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) evaluated at baseline and 4 weeks. Spearman's |r| was used to study the association of initial levels of each biomarker with pain and ODI scores at baseline and with changes in outcome scores from baseline to 4 weeks (end of treatment) within each intervention group. RESULTS At baseline, 4 of 7 biomarkers had an association with pain that was |r| ≥ .20: neuropeptide Y (NPY) (r = 0.23, p = .028), E-Selectin (r = 0.22, p = .043), vitamin D ((r = - 0.32, p = .002), and c-reactive protein (CRP) (r = 0.37, p = .001). No baseline biomarker had an association with disability that was |r| ≥ 0.20. For the correlations of baseline biomarkers with 4-week change in outcomes, vitamin D showed a correlation with change in disability and/or pain (|r| ≥ 0.20, p > .05) in manipulation-related groups, while CRP, NPY, and E-selectin along with TNFα, Substance P and RANTES showed at least one correlation with change in pain or disability (|r| ≥ 0.20, p > .05) in at least one of the treatment groups. CONCLUSIONS In 90 LBP patients, the analyzed biomarkers, especially vitamin D, represent a small set of potential candidates for further research aimed at individualizing patient care. Overall, the associations investigated in the current study are an initial step in identifying the direct mechanisms of LBP and predicting outcomes of manipulation-related treatments or medical care. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01211613, Date of Registration: September 29, 2010, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01211613?term=schneider&cond=Low+Back+Pain&cntry=US&state=US%3APA&draw=2&rank=1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerio Tonelli Enrico
- grid.21925.3d0000 0004 1936 9000Ferguson Laboratory for Orthopaedic and Spine Research, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, 200 Lothrop Street, Room E1612, BST, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA ,grid.21925.3d0000 0004 1936 9000Department of Physical Therapy, University of Pittsburgh, 100 Technology Dr, Pittsburgh, PA 15219 USA
| | - Michael Schneider
- grid.21925.3d0000 0004 1936 9000Department of Physical Therapy, University of Pittsburgh, 100 Technology Dr, Pittsburgh, PA 15219 USA ,grid.21925.3d0000 0004 1936 9000Clinical and Translational Science Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Forbes Tower, Suite 7057, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA
| | - Mitchell Haas
- grid.17635.360000000419368657Integrative Health & Wellbeing Program, University of Minnesota, MMC 505; 420 Delaware Street S.E, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA
| | - Nam Vo
- grid.21925.3d0000 0004 1936 9000Ferguson Laboratory for Orthopaedic and Spine Research, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, 200 Lothrop Street, Room E1612, BST, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA
| | - Wan Huang
- grid.21925.3d0000 0004 1936 9000Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Kaufmann Medical Building, Suite 910; 3471 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA
| | - Christine McFarland
- grid.21925.3d0000 0004 1936 9000Department of Physical Therapy, University of Pittsburgh, 100 Technology Dr, Pittsburgh, PA 15219 USA
| | - Nick Weber
- grid.280535.90000 0004 0388 0584Shirley Ryan AbilityLab, Chicago, 355 E Erie St, Chicago, IL 60611 USA ,grid.16753.360000 0001 2299 3507Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 710 N Lake Shore Dr #1022, Chicago, IL 60611 USA
| | - Gwendolyn Sowa
- grid.21925.3d0000 0004 1936 9000Ferguson Laboratory for Orthopaedic and Spine Research, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, 200 Lothrop Street, Room E1612, BST, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA ,grid.21925.3d0000 0004 1936 9000Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Kaufmann Medical Building, Suite 910; 3471 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA
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14
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Asgharian M, Gholizadeh P, Samadi Kafil H, Ghojazadeh M, Samadi A, Soleymani J, Jouyban A, Tayebi Khosroshahi H. Correlation of inflammatory biomarkers with the diversity of Bacteroidaceae, Bifidobacteriaceae, Prevotellaceae and Lactobacillaceae families in the intestinal microbiota of patients with end stage renal disease. Adv Med Sci 2022; 67:304-310. [PMID: 35994929 DOI: 10.1016/j.advms.2022.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Serum levels of inflammatory cytokines and uremic toxins, and their inter-correlations with the diversity of Bacteroidaceae, Bifidobacteriaceae, Prevotellaceae and Lactobacillaceae families in intestinal microbiota were investigated in patients with end stage renal disease (ESRD). METHODS Stool and blood samples from 20 ESRD patients on maintenance hemodialysis were collected. DNA genome of the bacterial composition of the stool samples was extracted and evaluated by the sequencing analysis of 16S rRNA genes. Serum levels of inflammatory cytokines and uremic toxins were then analyzed. RESULTS The mean serum concentrations of TNF-α, IL-6, indoxyl sulfate (IS) and p-cresol (PC) were 305.99 ± 12.03 ng/L, 159.95 ± 64.22 ng/L, 36.76 ± 5.09 μg/mL and 0.39 ± 0.15 μg/mL, respectively. The most significant positive correlation was observed between Prevotellaceae family and total antioxidant capacity (TAC), Lactobacilli species and CRP and PC, as well as Scardovia wiggsiae and IS (p < 0.001). A negative correlation was also found between Bacteroides clarus and PC. Patients with ESRD on maintenance hemodialysis had elevated levels of PC and IS and increased levels of the inflammatory markers. The most positive correlation was found between microbiota and CRP and PC, while the most negative one was between microbiota and IL-1 and TAC. CONCLUSIONS The abundance and diversity of Bacteroidaceae, Bifidobacteriaceae, Prevotellaceae and Lactobacillaceae families and their correlations with clinical parameters could provide benefits in the ESRD patients but they could not promote the symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa Asgharian
- Kidney Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Pourya Gholizadeh
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hossein Samadi Kafil
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Morteza Ghojazadeh
- Neuroscience Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Azam Samadi
- Nutrition Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Jafar Soleymani
- Pharmaceutical Analysis Research Center and Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Abolghasem Jouyban
- Pharmaceutical Analysis Research Center and Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Faculty of Pharmacy, Near East University, Nicosia, North Cyprus, Mersin, Turkey
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15
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Electrical Stimulation-Mediated Tissue Healing in Porcine Intervertebral Disc Under Mechanically Dynamic Organ Culture Conditions. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 2022; 47:764-772. [PMID: 35102117 DOI: 10.1097/brs.0000000000004331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN Porcine intervertebral discs (IVDs) were excised and then drilled to simulate degeneration before being electrically stimulated for 21 days while undergoing mechanical loading. The discs were then analyzed for gene expression and morphology to assess regeneration. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of the electrical stimulation of IVD treatment as an early intervention method in halting the progression of degenerative disc disease using an ex-vivo porcine model. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA Treatments for degenerative disc disease are limited in their efficacy and tend to treat the symptoms of the disease rather than repairing the degenerated disc itself. There is a dire need for an early intervention treatment that not only halts the progression of the disease but contributes to reviving the degenerated disc. METHODS Lumbar IVDs were extracted from a mature pig within 1 hour of death and were drilled with a 1.5 mm bit to simulate degenerative disc disease. Four IVDs at a time were then cultured in a dynamic bioreactor system under mechanical loading for 21 days, two with and two without the electrical stimulation treatment. The IVDs were assessed using histological analysis, magnetic resonance imaging, and quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction to quantify the effectiveness of the treatment on the degenerated discs. RESULTS IVDs with electrical stimulation treatment exhibited extensive annular regeneration and prevented herniation of the nucleus pulposus (NP). In contrast, the untreated group of IVDs were unable to maintain tissue integrity and exhibited NP herniation through multiple layers of the annulus fibrosus. Gene expression showed an increase of extracellular matrix markers and antiinflammatory cytokine interleukin-4 (IL-4), while decreasing in pro-inflammatory markers and pain markers in electrically stimulated IVDs when compared to the untreated group. CONCLUSION The direct electrical stimulation application in NP of damaged IVDs can be a viable option to regenerate damaged NP and annulus fibrosus tissues.
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16
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Berikol G, Ekşi MŞ, Aydın L, Börekci A, Özcan-Ekşi EE. Subcutaneous fat index: a reliable tool for lumbar spine studies. Eur Radiol 2022; 32:6504-6513. [PMID: 35380225 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-022-08775-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Obesity has been proposed as a risk factor for low back pain (LBP), and the body mass index (BMI) has been used for obesity; however, a more reliable tool is required to assess obesity-related health issues. A recent study depicted the subcutaneous fat tissue thickness (SFTT) at the L1-L2 level as superior to BMI in predicting LBP and spine degeneration. However, the study failed to answer the following questions: (1) What was the cutoff value for the SFTT to predict LBP and spine degeneration? (2) Could this new index be adjusted according to gender? (3) Could this new index predict fatty infiltration in the paraspinal muscles, severe intervertebral disk degeneration (IVDD), and Modic changes in the lumbar spine? Therefore, the current study aimed to answer these questions by developing and validating a new anthropometric index-the subcutaneous fat index (SFI). METHODS This study retrospectively reviewed the magnetic resonance imaging database of patients with LBP and compared them with asymptomatic volunteers. RESULTS Appropriate cutoff values for females and males were 8.45 mm and 9.4 mm, respectively. Females and males with the SFI of > 8.45 mm and > 9.4 mm, respectively, had significantly higher rates of spine degeneration. CONCLUSION The SFI reliably distinguished patients with LBP from the asymptomatic subjects and could reliably distinguish patients with severe IVDD/Modic changes at the lower lumbar levels and those with moderate-to-severe fat-infiltrated paraspinal muscles at all lumbar levels with reliable cutoff values for males and females. KEY POINTS • The subcutaneous fat tissue thickness at L1-L2 level (subcutaneous fat index [SFI]) was superior to BMI in predicting LBP and spine degeneration. However, a reliable cutoff value has not been previously defined. • The subcutaneous fat index had reliable cutoff values of 8.45 mm and 9.4 mm for females and males, respectively. • Females with an SFI of > 8.45 mm and males with > 9.4 mm had significantly higher rates of severe IVDD, Modic changes, and fatty infiltration in their paraspinal muscles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gürkan Berikol
- Neurosurgery Clinic, Taksim Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Murat Şakir Ekşi
- Neurosurgery Clinic, Fatih Sultan Mehmet Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey. .,Neurosurgery Research Laboratory, School of Medicine, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Levent Aydın
- Neurosurgery Clinic, Muş State Hospital, Muş, Turkey
| | - Ali Börekci
- Neurosurgery Clinic, Fatih Sultan Mehmet Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Emel Ece Özcan-Ekşi
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, Bahçeşehir University, Istanbul, Turkey
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17
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Klaps S, Haesevoets S, Verbunt J, Köke A, Janssens L, Timmermans A, Verbrugghe J. The Influence of Exercise Intensity on Psychosocial Outcomes in Musculoskeletal Disorders: A Systematic Review. Sports Health 2022; 14:859-874. [PMID: 35243924 PMCID: PMC9631039 DOI: 10.1177/19417381221075354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Psychosocial parameters play an important role in the onset and persistence of chronic musculoskeletal disorders (CMSDs). Exercise therapy is a valuable therapeutic modality as part of CMSD rehabilitation. Hereby, exercise intensity is an important factor regarding changes in pain and disability in multiple CMSDs. However, the impact of exercise intensity on psychosocial outcomes remains poorly explored. OBJECTIVE To identify the effects of different modes of exercise intensity on psychosocial outcomes in persons with CMSDs. DATA SOURCES A systematic search was conducted up to November 2020 using the following databases: PubMed/MEDline, PEDro, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science. STUDY SELECTION Studies reporting exercise therapy in CMSDs with a predefined display of exercise intensity and an evaluation of at least 1 psychosocial outcome were included. STUDY DESIGN Systematic review. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level 2a. DATA EXTRACTION Data regarding demographics, exercise intensity, and psychosocial outcomes were included in a descriptive analysis. Methodological quality was assessed using the PEDro scale and Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) checklist. RESULTS A total of 22 studies, involving 985 participants (with fibromyalgia, chronic low back pain, knee osteoarthritis, psoriatic arthritis, and axial spondyloarthritis) were included (mean PEDro score = 5.77/10). The most common psychosocial outcomes were quality of life (QoL) (n = 15), depression (n = 10), and anxiety (n = 9). QoL improved at any exercise intensity in persons with fibromyalgia. However, persons with fibromyalgia benefit more from exercising at low to moderate intensity regarding anxiety and depression. In contrast, persons with chronic low back pain benefit more from exercising at a higher intensity regarding QoL, anxiety, and depression. Other CMSDs only showed limited or conflicting results regarding the value of certain exercise intensities. CONCLUSION Psychosocial outcomes are influenced by the intensity of exercise therapy in fibromyalgia and chronic low back pain, but effects differ across other CMSDs. Future research is necessary to determine the exercise intensity that yields optimal exercise therapy outcomes in specific CMSDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sim Klaps
- REVAL–Rehabilitation Research Centre,
Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Sarah Haesevoets
- REVAL–Rehabilitation Research Centre,
Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Jeanine Verbunt
- Adelante Centre of Expertise in
Rehabilitation and Audiology, Hoensbroek, the Netherlands,Department of Rehabilitation Medicine,
Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Albère Köke
- Adelante Centre of Expertise in
Rehabilitation and Audiology, Hoensbroek, the Netherlands,Department of Rehabilitation Medicine,
Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Lotte Janssens
- REVAL–Rehabilitation Research Centre,
Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium,Adelante Centre of Expertise in
Rehabilitation and Audiology, Hoensbroek, the Netherlands
| | - Annick Timmermans
- REVAL–Rehabilitation Research Centre,
Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium,Adelante Centre of Expertise in
Rehabilitation and Audiology, Hoensbroek, the Netherlands
| | - Jonas Verbrugghe
- REVAL–Rehabilitation Research Centre,
Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium,Adelante Centre of Expertise in
Rehabilitation and Audiology, Hoensbroek, the Netherlands,Jonas Verbrugghe, PhD, PT,
Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hasselt University, REVAL, Gebouw A,
Agoralaan 5, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium (
) (Twitter: @VerbruggheJonas)
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18
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Klyne DM, Barbe MF, Hodges PW. Relationship between systemic inflammation and recovery over 12 months after an acute episode of low back pain. Spine J 2022; 22:214-225. [PMID: 34547387 DOI: 10.1016/j.spinee.2021.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND CONTEXT Individual characteristics can influence outcomes after injury. Our previous work in individuals with early-acute low back pain (LBP) identified subgroups (clusters) with specific biopsychosocial features that recovered poorly or well by 6 months. PURPOSE This study extends on that work by revealing the short- and long-term trajectories of recovery and systemic inflammation of these participant clusters: (1) "inflammatory & poor sleep" (Cluster 1), "high TNF & depression" (Cluster 2), "high pain & high pain-related fear" (Cluster 3), and "low pain & low pain-related fear" (Cluster 4). STUDY DESIGN/SETTING Longitudinal cohort study. PATIENT SAMPLE Eighty-three individuals within 2 weeks of an acute episode of LBP - grouped into their a priori-defined cluster. OUTCOME MEASURES General participant characteristics (sex, age, body mass index, smoking history, previous LBP history); self-reported LBP (0-10 numerical rating scale, LBP-related disability (Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire), depression (Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale, pain catastrophizing (Pain Catastrophizing Scale), fear avoidance (Fear Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire), pain self-efficacy (Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire), and sleep (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index); systemic inflammatory biomarkers (C-reactive protein [CRP], interleukin-6 [IL-6], interleukin-1β, tumor necrosis factor [TNF]). METHODS Participants provided blood for the measurement of CRP/cytokines, and completed questionnaires related to their pain/disability, psychological and sleep status. Blood measures were repeated 3-monthly for 9 months, and pain/disability were self-reported fortnightly for 12 months. Recovery (change in pain) and CRP/cytokines were longitudinally compared between clusters using mixed-models. Associations between baseline factors and follow-up CRP/cytokines levels were assessed with multiple regression. RESULTS Clusters 1 and 2 were associated, but oppositely, with recovery over the 12-months. Cluster 1 reported most recovery at every 3-monthly interval, whereas Cluster 2 reported least recovery. Cluster 1 had elevated CRP (and IL-6) at baseline that continued to decrease from 3 to 9 months. TNF was elevated early and persistently in Cluster 2. Baseline factors other than inflammation generally failed to predict follow-up inflammation. CONCLUSIONS Findings support the early role of CRP (and perhaps IL-6) in control of inflammation and recovery, and a pathological role of persistent TNF overexpression, which may be perpetuated by depressive-like behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M Klyne
- NHMRC Centre of Clinical Research Excellence in Spinal Pain, Injury and Health, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Mary F Barbe
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Paul W Hodges
- NHMRC Centre of Clinical Research Excellence in Spinal Pain, Injury and Health, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
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19
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Verdú E, Homs J, Boadas-Vaello P. Physiological Changes and Pathological Pain Associated with Sedentary Lifestyle-Induced Body Systems Fat Accumulation and Their Modulation by Physical Exercise. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182413333. [PMID: 34948944 PMCID: PMC8705491 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182413333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A sedentary lifestyle is associated with overweight/obesity, which involves excessive fat body accumulation, triggering structural and functional changes in tissues, organs, and body systems. Research shows that this fat accumulation is responsible for several comorbidities, including cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, and metabolic dysfunctions, as well as pathological pain behaviors. These health concerns are related to the crosstalk between adipose tissue and body systems, leading to pathophysiological changes to the latter. To deal with these health issues, it has been suggested that physical exercise may reverse part of these obesity-related pathologies by modulating the cross talk between the adipose tissue and body systems. In this context, this review was carried out to provide knowledge about (i) the structural and functional changes in tissues, organs, and body systems from accumulation of fat in obesity, emphasizing the crosstalk between fat and body tissues; (ii) the crosstalk between fat and body tissues triggering pain; and (iii) the effects of physical exercise on body tissues and organs in obese and non-obese subjects, and their impact on pathological pain. This information may help one to better understand this crosstalk and the factors involved, and it could be useful in designing more specific training interventions (according to the nature of the comorbidity).
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrique Verdú
- Research Group of Clinical Anatomy, Embryology and Neuroscience (NEOMA), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Girona, 17003 Girona, Spain;
- Correspondence: (E.V.); (P.B.-V.)
| | - Judit Homs
- Research Group of Clinical Anatomy, Embryology and Neuroscience (NEOMA), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Girona, 17003 Girona, Spain;
- Department of Physical Therapy, EUSES-University of Girona, 17190 Salt, Spain
| | - Pere Boadas-Vaello
- Research Group of Clinical Anatomy, Embryology and Neuroscience (NEOMA), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Girona, 17003 Girona, Spain;
- Correspondence: (E.V.); (P.B.-V.)
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20
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Verbrugghe J, Hansen D, Demoulin C, Verbunt J, Roussel NA, Timmermans A. High Intensity Training Is an Effective Modality to Improve Long-Term Disability and Exercise Capacity in Chronic Nonspecific Low Back Pain: A Randomized Controlled Trial. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182010779. [PMID: 34682522 PMCID: PMC8535878 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182010779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Previous research indicates that high intensity training (HIT) is a more effective exercise modality, as opposed to moderate intensity training (MIT), to improve disability and physical performance in persons with chronic nonspecific low back pain (CNSLBP). However, it is unclear how well benefits are maintained after intervention cessation. This study aimed to evaluate the long-term effectiveness of HIT on disability, pain intensity, patient-specific functioning, exercise capacity, and trunk muscle strength, and to compare the long-term effectiveness of HIT with MIT in persons with CNSLBP. Persons with CNSLBP (n = 35) who participated in a randomized controlled trial comparing effects of an HIT versus MIT intervention (24 sessions/12 weeks) were included for evaluation at baseline (PRE), directly after (POST), and six months after program finalization (FU) on disability, pain intensity, exercise capacity, patient-specific functioning, and trunk muscle strength. A general linear model was used to evaluate PRE-FU and POST-FU deltas of these outcome measures in each group (time effects) and differences between HIT and MIT (interaction effects). Ultimately, twenty-nine participants (mean age = 44.1 year) were analysed (HIT:16; MIT:13). Six participants were lost to follow-up. At FU, pain intensity, disability, and patient-specific functioning were maintained at the level of POST (which was significant from PRE, p < 0.05) in both groups. However, HIT led to a greater conservation of lowered disability and improved exercise capacity when compared with MIT (p < 0.05). HIT leads to a greater maintenance of lowered disability and improved exercise capacity when compared to MIT six months after cessation of a 12-week supervised exercise therapy intervention, in persons with CNSLBP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Verbrugghe
- REVAL—Rehabilitation Research Center, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hasselt University, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium; (D.H.); (A.T.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +32-11269224
| | - Dominique Hansen
- REVAL—Rehabilitation Research Center, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hasselt University, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium; (D.H.); (A.T.)
- Heart Centre Hasselt, Jessa Hospital, 3500 Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Christophe Demoulin
- Department of Sport and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Liege, 4000 Liege, Belgium;
| | - Jeanine Verbunt
- Adelante Centre of Expertise in Rehabilitation and Audiology, 6432CC Hoensbroek, The Netherlands;
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Maastricht University, 6211LK Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Nathalie Anne Roussel
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2000 Antwerp, Belgium;
| | - Annick Timmermans
- REVAL—Rehabilitation Research Center, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hasselt University, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium; (D.H.); (A.T.)
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21
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Atakan MM, Li Y, Koşar ŞN, Turnagöl HH, Yan X. Evidence-Based Effects of High-Intensity Interval Training on Exercise Capacity and Health: A Review with Historical Perspective. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:7201. [PMID: 34281138 PMCID: PMC8294064 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18137201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Engaging in regular exercise results in a range of physiological adaptations offering benefits for exercise capacity and health, independent of age, gender or the presence of chronic diseases. Accumulating evidence shows that lack of time is a major impediment to exercise, causing physical inactivity worldwide. This issue has resulted in momentum for interval training models known to elicit higher enjoyment and induce adaptations similar to or greater than moderate-intensity continuous training, despite a lower total exercise volume. Although there is no universal definition, high-intensity interval exercise is characterized by repeated short bursts of intense activity, performed with a "near maximal" or "all-out" effort corresponding to ≥90% of maximal oxygen uptake or >75% of maximal power, with periods of rest or low-intensity exercise. Research has indicated that high-intensity interval training induces numerous physiological adaptations that improve exercise capacity (maximal oxygen uptake, aerobic endurance, anaerobic capacity etc.) and metabolic health in both clinical and healthy (athletes, active and inactive individuals without any apparent disease or disorder) populations. In this paper, a brief history of high-intensity interval training is presented, based on the novel findings of some selected studies on exercise capacity and health, starting from the early 1920s to date. Further, an overview of the mechanisms underlying the physiological adaptations in response to high-intensity interval training is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammed Mustafa Atakan
- Division of Exercise Nutrition and Metabolism, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Hacettepe University, 06800 Ankara, Turkey; (M.M.A.); (Ş.N.K.); (H.H.T.)
| | - Yanchun Li
- China Institute of Sport and Health Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100192, China
| | - Şükran Nazan Koşar
- Division of Exercise Nutrition and Metabolism, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Hacettepe University, 06800 Ankara, Turkey; (M.M.A.); (Ş.N.K.); (H.H.T.)
| | - Hüseyin Hüsrev Turnagöl
- Division of Exercise Nutrition and Metabolism, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Hacettepe University, 06800 Ankara, Turkey; (M.M.A.); (Ş.N.K.); (H.H.T.)
| | - Xu Yan
- Institute for Health and Sport (iHeS), Victoria University, Melbourne 8001, Australia;
- Sarcopenia Research Program, Australia Institute for Musculoskeletal Sciences (AIMSS), Melbourne 3021, Australia
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22
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Carpintero-Rubio C, Torres-Chica B, Guadrón-Romero MA, Visiers-Jiménez L, Peña-Otero D. Perception of musculoskeletal pain in the state of confinement: associated factors. Rev Lat Am Enfermagem 2021; 29:e3454. [PMID: 34190945 PMCID: PMC8253348 DOI: 10.1590/1518-8345.4894.3454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE to describe the perception of musculoskeletal pain in the population and how the state of confinement (adopted as a measure to control contagion by COVID-19) has interfered with it, as well as identifying the sociodemographic, occupational, physical, and psychosocial factors involved. METHOD an observational, cross-sectional and analytical study, with simple random probabilistic sampling, aimed at residents in Spain over 18 years old during the confinement period. An ad hoc survey was conducted, consisting in 59 items. RESULTS a total of 3,247 surveys were answered. Persistent musculoskeletal pain or significant episodes thereof increased 22.2% during confinement. The main location was the spine (49.5%). The related factors were decreased physical activity, increased seated position, and use of electronic devices. The psychological impact of confinement was also related to the perception of musculoskeletal pain. CONCLUSION the state of confinement causes an increase in the perception of musculoskeletal pain. The identification of a particularly sensitive population profile, as well as that of the related factors, allows establishing multidisciplinary approaches in health promotion.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - María Alexandra Guadrón-Romero
- Hospital de Sierrallana, Servicio Cántabro de Salud, Torrelavega, Cantabria, Spain.,Universidad Cátolica de Ávila, Escuela Técnico Profesional en Ciencias de la Salud, Clínica Mompía, Cantabria, Spain.,Cómité Ético de Investigación con Medicamentos de Cantabria, CEI-CEIm, Santander, Cantabria, Spain
| | - Laura Visiers-Jiménez
- Instituto de Investigación-Grupo de Enfermería-Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, IiSGM, Madrid, Spain
| | - David Peña-Otero
- Instituto de Investigación-Grupo de Enfermería-Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, IiSGM, Madrid, Spain.,Hospital de Sierrallana, Subdirección de Cuidados, Servicio Cántabro de Salud, Torrelavega, Cantabria, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación-Grupo de Enfermería-Sanitaria Valdecilla, IDIVAL, Santander, Cantabria, Spain
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23
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Inflammatory and endothelial dysfunction indices among Egyptian females with obesity classes I-III. Biosci Rep 2021; 40:226342. [PMID: 32893859 PMCID: PMC7507597 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20192910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Obesity is an alarming threat to health in Egypt. More than one in three Egyptians is obese, the highest rate in the world. We aimed to delineate the variability of inflammation and endothelial dysfunction markers among Egyptian females with different obesity classes. Methods: Out of 130 females, 70 were categorized into three obesity groups: Class I, body mass index (BMI) 30–34.9 kg/m2; Class II, BMI 35–39.9 kg/m2 and Class III BMI ≥ 40 kg/m2, besides 60 control subjects. Anthropometric measurements were recorded and serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin (IL) 6 (IL-6), IL-12, soluble intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (sICAM-1) and soluble vascular adhesion molecule 1 (sVCAM-1) were assessed among participants. Results: In all three classes of obesity, significant increase (P <0.05) in BMI, waist-hip ratio, fat mass and body fat mass % were noted. CRP and sVCAM-1 levels were increased among the three obesity groups. TNF-α levels were increased in class II and III obesity groups. IL-6 and IL-12 levels were elevated in class I and class III groups. While, ICAM-1 levels were increased in class III obesity group. Conclusion: Based on individuals’ BMI, serum levels of TNF-α, CRP, IL-6, IL-12, sVCAM-1 and sICAM-1 are differentially altered with the progression of obesity. We strongly support the hypothesis that, as the obesity rate is still mounting, a subclinical inflammatory reaction has a role in pathogenesis of obesity and emphasize the elevation of endothelial dysfunction in individuals with obesity.
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24
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Filgueira TO, Castoldi A, Santos LER, de Amorim GJ, de Sousa Fernandes MS, Anastácio WDLDN, Campos EZ, Santos TM, Souto FO. The Relevance of a Physical Active Lifestyle and Physical Fitness on Immune Defense: Mitigating Disease Burden, With Focus on COVID-19 Consequences. Front Immunol 2021; 12:587146. [PMID: 33613573 PMCID: PMC7892446 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.587146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a fast spreading virus leading to the development of Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19). Severe and critical cases are characterized by damage to the respiratory system, endothelial inflammation, and multiple organ failure triggered by an excessive production of proinflammatory cytokines, culminating in the high number of deaths all over the world. Sedentarism induces worse, continuous, and progressive consequences to health. On the other hand, physical activity provides benefits to health and improves low-grade systemic inflammation. The aim of this review is to elucidate the effects of physical activity in physical fitness, immune defense, and its contribution to mitigate the severe inflammatory response mediated by SARS-CoV-2. Physical exercise is an effective therapeutic strategy to mitigate the consequences of SARS-CoV-2 infection. In this sense, studies have shown that acute physical exercise induces the production of myokines that are secreted in tissues and into the bloodstream, supporting its systemic modulatory effect. Therefore, maintaining physical activity influence balance the immune system and increases immune vigilance, and also might promote potent effects against the consequences of infectious diseases and chronic diseases associated with the development of severe forms of COVID-19. Protocols to maintain exercise practice are suggested and have been strongly established, such as home-based exercise (HBE) and outdoor-based exercise (OBE). In this regard, HBE might help to reduce levels of physical inactivity, bed rest, and sitting time, impacting on adherence to physical activity, promoting all the benefits related to exercise, and attracting patients in different stages of treatment for COVID-19. In parallel, OBE must improve health, but also prevent and mitigate COVID-19 severe outcomes in all populations. In conclusion, HBE or OBE models can be a potent strategy to mitigate the progress of infection, and a coadjutant therapy for COVID-19 at all ages and different chronic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Angela Castoldi
- Keizo Asami Immunopathology Laboratory, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Lucas Eduardo R. Santos
- Pós Graduação em Educação Física, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
- Pós Graduação em Neuropsiquiatria e Ciências do Comportamento, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Geraldo José de Amorim
- Keizo Asami Immunopathology Laboratory, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
- Serviço de Nefrologia do Hospital das Clínicas, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Matheus Santos de Sousa Fernandes
- Pós Graduação em Educação Física, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
- Pós Graduação em Neuropsiquiatria e Ciências do Comportamento, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | | | | | - Tony Meireles Santos
- Pós Graduação em Educação Física, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Fabrício Oliveira Souto
- Keizo Asami Immunopathology Laboratory, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
- Núcleo de Ciências da Vida, Centro Acadêmico do Agreste, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Caruaru, Brazil
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Kim TE, Townsend RK, Branch CL, Romero-Sandoval EA, Hsu W. Cannabinoids in the Treatment of Back Pain. Neurosurgery 2021; 87:166-175. [PMID: 32097466 DOI: 10.1093/neuros/nyz573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Marijuana is increasingly utilized for the treatment of multiple medical problems, including back pain, in the United States. Although there is strong preclinical evidence supporting the promise of cannabinoids in the treatment of back pain, there is a paucity of clinical data supporting their use in clinical practice. Opioids are an important medication for the treatment of acute and chronic back pain, but utilization of opioid-based regimens have likely contributed to the growing opioid epidemic. The significant risk of morbidity, mortality, and dependence secondary to opioid medications have increased the interest in nonopioid medications, including cannabinoid-based pain regimens, in treating back pain. This review will provide an overview on the pharmacology, drug delivery methods, clinical evidence, and safety considerations critical to understanding the potential role of cannabinoids in the treatment of back pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teddy E Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, North Carolina
| | - Robert K Townsend
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, North Carolina
| | - Charles L Branch
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, North Carolina
| | - Edgar A Romero-Sandoval
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, North Carolina
| | - Wesley Hsu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, North Carolina
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26
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Nambi G, Abdelbasset WK, Alsubaie SF, Moawd SA, Verma A, Saleh AK, Ataalla NN. Isokinetic training - its radiographic and inflammatory effects on chronic low back pain: A randomized controlled trial. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e23555. [PMID: 33371083 PMCID: PMC7748199 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000023555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Isokinetic training (IKT) and core stabilization training (CST) are commonly used for balance training in musculoskeletal conditions. The knowledge about the effective implementation of these training protocols on radiological and biochemical effects in university football players with chronic low back pain (LBP) is lacking. OBJECTIVE To find and compare the effects of isokinetic training and CST on radiological and biochemical effects in university football players with chronic LBP. DESIGN Randomized, double-blinded controlled study. SETTING University hospital. PARTICIPANTS 60 LBP participants were randomized into isokinetic group (IKT; n = 20), core stabilization group (CST; n = 20) and the control group (n = 20) and received respective exercises for 4 weeks. OUTCOME MEASURES Radiological (muscle cross sectional area & muscle thickness) and biochemical (C-reactive protein, tumor necrosis factor -α, interleukin [IL]-2, IL-4, IL-6) values were measured at baseline and after 4 weeks (immediate effect). RESULTS The reports of the IKT, CST and control group were compared between the groups. Four weeks following training IKT group shows more significant changes in muscle cross sectional area (Psoas Major, Quadratus Lumborum, Multifidus and Erector Spinae muscles) and muscle thickness (Multifidus) than CST and control groups (p < 0.001). Biochemical measures such as C-reactive protein, tumor necrosis factor -α, IL-2, IL-4 and IL-6 also show significant improvement in IKT group than the other 2 groups (P < .001). CONCLUSION Training through Isokinetic is an effective treatment program than conventional exercise programs in the aspect of radiological and biochemical analysis in university football players with chronic LBP, which may also help to prevent further injury. The present study can be used to improve the physical therapist's knowledge and clinical decision skills on LBP in football players.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gopal Nambi
- Department of Physical Therapy and Health Rehabilitation, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Walid Kamal Abdelbasset
- Department of Physical Therapy and Health Rehabilitation, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Physical Therapy, Kasr Al-Aini Hospital, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Saud F. Alsubaie
- Department of Physical Therapy and Health Rehabilitation, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samah A. Moawd
- Department of Physical Therapy and Health Rehabilitation, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Physical Therapy for Cardiovascular/Respiratory disorder and Geriatrics, Faculty of physical therapy, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Anju Verma
- Department of Physical Therapy and Health Rehabilitation, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ayman K. Saleh
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Orthopedic, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nahla N. Ataalla
- Department of Radiological Sciences and Medical Imaging, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia
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27
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Genome-wide association study identifies 16 genomic regions associated with circulating cytokines at birth. PLoS Genet 2020; 16:e1009163. [PMID: 33227023 PMCID: PMC7721185 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1009163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Circulating inflammatory markers are essential to human health and disease, and they are often dysregulated or malfunctioning in cancers as well as in cardiovascular, metabolic, immunologic and neuropsychiatric disorders. However, the genetic contribution to the physiological variation of levels of circulating inflammatory markers is largely unknown. Here we report the results of a genome-wide genetic study of blood concentration of ten cytokines, including the hitherto unexplored calcium-binding protein (S100B). The study leverages a unique sample of neonatal blood spots from 9,459 Danish subjects from the iPSYCH initiative. We estimate the SNP-heritability of marker levels as ranging from essentially zero for Erythropoietin (EPO) up to 73% for S100B. We identify and replicate 16 associated genomic regions (p < 5 x 10−9), of which four are novel. We show that the associated variants map to enhancer elements, suggesting a possible transcriptional effect of genomic variants on the cytokine levels. The identification of the genetic architecture underlying the basic levels of cytokines is likely to prompt studies investigating the relationship between cytokines and complex disease. Our results also suggest that the genetic architecture of cytokines is stable from neonatal to adult life. Inflammation is a complex process which involves different mechanisms on both the molecular and physiological levels. It is known to play a key role in a diverse group of conditions, including cancers, metabolic and cardiovascular disease, allergies, autoimmune disease, and, in some cases, neurological and psychiatric disorders as well. Studying circulating cytokine marker levels in blood is crucial to the understanding of the disease mechanism and its relation to the inflammatory response. In this study we perform large-scale analyses (N = 9,459) to investigate the genetic underpinnings of the variation in the levels of ten different cytokines at five to seven days after birth. We show that they can be distinguished by the level to which they are genetically determined, and we find 16 genetic loci (of which 4 are novel) which are significantly associated with markers’ levels in blood. We additionally map the discovered loci to locations in the genome that are involved in gene regulation, thereby providing a plausible functional mechanism. We contrast our results with previous studies using adult samples and show that the genetic control of markers levels may be stable over an individual’s lifespan. These results are informative not only at the basic-research level, but also at a clinical level, as these markers are routinely used in diagnostic procedures without necessarily taking into account the individual’s genetic makeup.
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28
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Latina R, Petruzzo A, Vignally P, Cattaruzza MS, Vetri Buratti C, Mitello L, Giannarelli D, D’Angelo D. The prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders and low back pain among Italian nurses: An observational study. ACTA BIO-MEDICA : ATENEI PARMENSIS 2020; 91:e2020003. [PMID: 33263343 PMCID: PMC8023105 DOI: 10.23750/abm.v91i12-s.10306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM OF THE WORK Musculoskeletal disorders and low back pain have negative impact amongst Italian nurses who work in hospital. Nursing staff are known to be at risk of developing back disorders, where low back pain has a prevalence from 16% to 60% in the world. This study aims to determine the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders and low back pain among nurses who working in a Roman hospital. METHODS Cross sectional study was carried out in an Italian hospital and the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire-IRSST was administered to 256 registered nurses. Logistic regression analyses were performed to understand risk factors associated with pain. RESULTS Nurses reported different locations of pain related to musculoskeletal disorders. The prevalence of low back pain was 90.2% during life, 80% during the last year and 44.5% during the last week. Female sex increases the risk of being affected by low back pain (OR = 2.07, 95% CI= 1.00-4.32). CONCLUSIONS Musculoskeletal disorders and low back pain are reported by the majority of nurses interviewed, and a higher prevalence is observed in women. Pain does not depend on the amount of years of work, nor on age or body mass index. In order to assess the prevalence of low back pain carefully, it is recommended to study a greater number of Italian nurses in different hospitals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Latina
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Sapienza Università di Roma, Department of Health Professions,AO S. Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Petruzzo
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Sapienza Università di Roma, Department of Health Professions,AO S. Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Pascal Vignally
- Research Unit, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Sofia Cattaruzza
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Disease, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Carlo Vetri Buratti
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Sapienza Università di Roma, Department of Health Professions,AO S. Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Lucia Mitello
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Sapienza Università di Roma, Department of Health Professions,AO S. Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Diana Giannarelli
- Biostatistic Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori Regina Elena IFO, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniela D’Angelo
- Centro Nazionale per l’Eccellenza Clinica, la Qualità e la Sicurezza delle Cure, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
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29
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Uchio R, Muroyama K, Okuda-Hanafusa C, Kawasaki K, Yamamoto Y, Murosaki S. Hot Water Extract of Curcuma longa L. Improves Serum Inflammatory Markers and General Health in Subjects with Overweight or Prehypertension/Mild Hypertension: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11081822. [PMID: 31394768 PMCID: PMC6723939 DOI: 10.3390/nu11081822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
To investigate the effect of a hot water extract of C. longa L. (WEC) containing anti-inflammatory agents, bisacurone, and turmeronol on chronic inflammation, a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study was conducted in middle-aged and elderly subjects aged 50–69 years with overweight or prehypertension/mild hypertension. The subjects consumed 900 mg WEC tablets, containing 400 μg bisacurone, 80 μg turmeronol A and 20 μg turmeronol B (WEC group: n = 45), or placebo tablets without WEC (placebo group: n = 45) daily for 12 weeks. Serum inflammatory and metabolic markers were measured. The subjects also completed the MOS 36-item short-form health survey (SF-36) and the Profile of Mood States scale (POMS). In the WEC group, the serum levels of C-reactive protein, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, and soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 decreased significantly. Compared with the placebo group, the WEC group had significantly lower serum levels of glucose, hemoglobin A1c, and triglycerides, as well as higher serum levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. The WEC group also showed significant improvement of SF-36 scores (for general health, vitality, mental health, and mental summary component) and POMS scores for positive mood states (vigor-activity and friendliness). In conclusion, WEC may ameliorate chronic low-grade inflammation, thus contributing to the improvement of associated metabolic disorders and general health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryusei Uchio
- Research & Development Institute, House Wellness Foods Corp., 3-20 Imoji, Itami, Hyogo 664-0011, Japan.
| | - Koutarou Muroyama
- Research & Development Institute, House Wellness Foods Corp., 3-20 Imoji, Itami, Hyogo 664-0011, Japan
| | - Chinatsu Okuda-Hanafusa
- Research & Development Institute, House Wellness Foods Corp., 3-20 Imoji, Itami, Hyogo 664-0011, Japan
| | - Kengo Kawasaki
- Research & Development Institute, House Wellness Foods Corp., 3-20 Imoji, Itami, Hyogo 664-0011, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Yamamoto
- Research & Development Institute, House Wellness Foods Corp., 3-20 Imoji, Itami, Hyogo 664-0011, Japan
| | - Shinji Murosaki
- Research & Development Institute, House Wellness Foods Corp., 3-20 Imoji, Itami, Hyogo 664-0011, Japan
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30
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Liang YJ, Feng SY, Qi YP, Li K, Jin ZR, Jing HB, Liu LY, Cai J, Xing GG, Fu KY. Contribution of microglial reaction to increased nociceptive responses in high-fat-diet (HFD)-induced obesity in male mice. Brain Behav Immun 2019; 80:777-792. [PMID: 31108168 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2019.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2018] [Revised: 05/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The progressive increase in the prevalence of obesity in the population can result in increased healthcare costs and demands. Recent studies have revealed a positive correlation between pain and obesity, although the underlying mechanisms still remain unknown. Here, we aimed to clarify the role of microglia in altered pain behaviors induced by high-fat diet (HFD) in male mice. We found that C57BL/6CR mice on HFD exhibited enhanced spinal microglial reaction (increased cell number and up-regulated expression of p-p38 and CD16/32), increased tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) mRNA and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) protein expression as well as a polarization of spinal microglial toward a pro-inflammatory phenotype. Moreover, we found that using PLX3397 (a selective colony-stimulating factor-1 receptor (CSF1R) kinase inhibitor) to eliminate microglia in HFD-induced obesity mice, inflammation in the spinal cord was rescued, as was abnormal pain hypersensitivity. Intrathecal injection of Mac-1-saporin (a saporin-conjugated anti-mac1 antibody) resulted in a decreased number of microglia and attenuated both mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia in HFD-fed mice. These results indicate that the pro-inflammatory functions of spinal microglia have a special relevance to abnormal pain hypersensitivity in HFD-induced obesity mice. In conclusion, our data suggest that HFD induces a classical reaction of microglia, characterized by an enhanced phosphorylation of p-38 and increased CD16/32 expression, which may in part contribute to increased nociceptive responses in HFD-induced obesity mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Jing Liang
- Center for TMD and Orofacial Pain, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Shi-Yang Feng
- Center for TMD and Orofacial Pain, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Ya-Ping Qi
- Center for TMD and Orofacial Pain, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Kai Li
- Center for TMD and Orofacial Pain, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Zi-Run Jin
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Neuroscience Research Institute, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Hong-Bo Jing
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Neuroscience Research Institute, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Ling-Yu Liu
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Neuroscience Research Institute, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jie Cai
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Neuroscience Research Institute, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Guo-Gang Xing
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Neuroscience Research Institute, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China; Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, Ministry of Education/National Health Commission, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Kai-Yuan Fu
- Center for TMD and Orofacial Pain, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China; Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, Ministry of Education/National Health Commission, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China.
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31
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Karateev AE, Nasonov EL. Chronic pain and central sensitization in immuno-inflammatory rheumatic diseases: pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, the possibility of using targeted disease modifying antirheumatic drugs. RHEUMATOLOGY SCIENCE AND PRACTICE 2019. [DOI: 10.14412/1995-4484-2019-197-209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Chronic pain is one of the main manifestations of immuno-inflammatory rheumatic diseases (IIRD), such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA), which determines the severity of suffering, reduced quality of life and disability of patients. Unfortunately, the use of synthetic and biological disease modifying antirheumatic drugs, as well as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs does not always provide sufficient control of pain in IIRD, even when it is possible to achieve a significant reduction in inflammatory activity. The reason for this is the complex mechanism of chronic pain. It includes not onlystimulation of pain receptors caused by damage of the elements of the musculoskeletal system, but also a change in the perception of pain associated with the phenomenon of central sensitization (CS). CS is characterized by a significant and persistent increase in the sensitivity of nociceptive neurons to pain and nonpain stimuli. One of the main theories of the CS development consider this phenomenon as an inflammatory reaction of the neuronenvironmentthe activation of astrocytes and microglial cells, local hyperproduction of cytokines, inflammatory mediators and neurotrophic factors. Factors contributing to the development of CS in IIRD are obesity, depression and anxiety, damage of the somatosensory system, insufficient relief of pain in the onset of the disease. Clinical manifestations of CS in IIRD is hyperalgesia, allodinia, «expanded pain» and secondary fibromyalgia. An important role in the development of chronic pain and CS plays the intracellular inflammatory pathway JAK-STAT. Therefore, JAK inhibitors, such as tofacitinib, used in RA and PsA, can also be considered as an effective means of controlling chronic pain in these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - E. L. Nasonov
- V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology; I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Ministry of Health of Russia
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32
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Branco BHM, Bernuci MP, Marques DC, Carvalho IZ, Barrero CAL, de Oliveira FM, Ladeia GF, Júnior NN. Proposal of a normative table for body fat percentages of Brazilian young adults through bioimpedanciometry. J Exerc Rehabil 2018; 14:974-979. [PMID: 30656157 PMCID: PMC6323334 DOI: 10.12965/jer.1836400.200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Identification of the body fat (BF) percentage allows health professionals to detect healthy or risky patterns in a population. However, no studies have elaborated BF cutoff points using the bioelectrical impedance method in young Brazilian adults. Thus, the objective of the present study was to elaborate normative tables for BF in Brazilian men and women (sedentary and physically active) between 18 and 39 years of age. A total of 3,111 adults (958 men and 2,153 women) were evaluated using bioimpedance measurements with the InBody 520 device. The data were distributed normally and divided into percentiles (P3, P10, P25, P50, P75, P90, and P97). The following values were observed: for men: P3=8.9%–12.5%; P10=12.6%–17.5%; P25=17.6%–25.3%; P50=25.4%–35.1%; P75=35.2%–43.0%; P90=43.1%–49.4% and P97=49.5%; for women: P3=18.7%–23.1%; P10=23.2%–28.7%; P25=28.8%–35.7%; P50=35.8%–42.9%; P75=43.0%–49.1%; P90=49.2%–52.1% and P97≥52.2%. These percentiles can be used to classify the adiposity of sedentary and physically active individuals evaluated by bioimpedanciometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Braulio Henrique Magnani Branco
- Research Group in Physical Education, Physiotherapy, Sports, Nutrition, and Performance (GEFFEND/UNICESUMAR), Maringa, Brazil.,Postgraduate Program in Health Promotion at the University Center of Maringa (UNICESUMAR), Maringa, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Picinin Bernuci
- Research Group in Physical Education, Physiotherapy, Sports, Nutrition, and Performance (GEFFEND/UNICESUMAR), Maringa, Brazil.,Postgraduate Program in Health Promotion at the University Center of Maringa (UNICESUMAR), Maringa, Brazil
| | - Déborah Cristina Marques
- Research Group in Physical Education, Physiotherapy, Sports, Nutrition, and Performance (GEFFEND/UNICESUMAR), Maringa, Brazil.,University Center of Maringa (UniCesumar), Maringa, Brazil
| | - Isabelle Zanquetta Carvalho
- Research Group in Physical Education, Physiotherapy, Sports, Nutrition, and Performance (GEFFEND/UNICESUMAR), Maringa, Brazil.,University Center of Maringa (UniCesumar), Maringa, Brazil
| | | | - Fabiano Mendes de Oliveira
- Research Group in Physical Education, Physiotherapy, Sports, Nutrition, and Performance (GEFFEND/UNICESUMAR), Maringa, Brazil.,University Center of Maringa (UniCesumar), Maringa, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Fassina Ladeia
- Research Group in Physical Education, Physiotherapy, Sports, Nutrition, and Performance (GEFFEND/UNICESUMAR), Maringa, Brazil.,University Center of Maringa (UniCesumar), Maringa, Brazil
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