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Ramírez RMG, Bohers C, Mousson L, Madec Y, Vazeille M, Piorkowski G, Moutailler S, Diaz FJ, Rúa-Uribe G, Villar LA, de Lamballerie X, Failloux AB. Increased threat of urban arboviral diseases from Aedes aegypti mosquitoes in Colombia. IJID REGIONS 2024; 11:100360. [PMID: 38596820 PMCID: PMC11002806 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijregi.2024.100360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Objectives Our study targets the potential of the local urban mosquito Aedes aegypti to experimentally transmit chikungunya virus (CHIKV), dengue virus (DENV), yellow fever virus (YFV), and Zika virus (ZIKV). Methods We collected eggs and adults of Ae. aegypti in Medellín, Colombia (from February to March 2020) for mosquito experimental infections with DENV, CHIKV, YFV and ZIKV and viral detection using the BioMark Dynamic arrays system. Results We show that Ae. aegypti from Medellín was more prone to become infected, to disseminate and transmit CHIKV and ZIKV than DENV and YFV. Conclusions Thus, in Colombia, chikungunya is the most serious threat to public health based on our vector competence data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Margarita Gélvez Ramírez
- Unité des Virus Émergents (UVE: Aix-Marseille Univ-IRD 190-Inserm 1207), Marseille, France
- Centro de Atención y Diagnóstico de Enfermedades Infecciosas-CDI, Grupo INFOVIDA, Bucaramanga, Colombia
| | - Chloé Bohers
- Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, Unit of Arboviruses and Insect Vectors, Paris, France
| | - Laurence Mousson
- Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, Unit of Arboviruses and Insect Vectors, Paris, France
| | - Yoann Madec
- Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, Epidemiology of Emerging Diseases unit, Paris, France
| | - Marie Vazeille
- Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, Unit of Arboviruses and Insect Vectors, Paris, France
| | - Géraldine Piorkowski
- Unité des Virus Émergents (UVE: Aix-Marseille Univ-IRD 190-Inserm 1207), Marseille, France
| | - Sara Moutailler
- UMR BIPAR, Animal Health Laboratory, ANSES, INRA, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, Université Paris-Est, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Francisco J Diaz
- Grupo de Inmunovirología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Guillermo Rúa-Uribe
- Grupo Entomología Médica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Luis Angel Villar
- Centro de Atención y Diagnóstico de Enfermedades Infecciosas-CDI, Grupo INFOVIDA, Bucaramanga, Colombia
| | - Xavier de Lamballerie
- Unité des Virus Émergents (UVE: Aix-Marseille Univ-IRD 190-Inserm 1207), Marseille, France
| | - Anna-Bella Failloux
- Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, Unit of Arboviruses and Insect Vectors, Paris, France
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2
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Hassan T, Bashir RA, Abdelrahman DN, Madni H, M El Hussein AR, Elkidir IM, Enan KA. Transmission of yellow fever vaccine virus from breast feeding mothers to their infants: reporting of yellow fever virus (YFV) RNA detection in milk specimens. F1000Res 2024; 11:76. [PMID: 38106444 PMCID: PMC10724650 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.74576.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Because of yellow fever's serious impact on health, vaccination is the principal strategy to control the disease. Administration of the yellow fever vaccine to breastfeeding women should be before they complete 9 months post-delivery, in order to prevent transmission of the yellow fever vaccine virus to their infants through breast feeding. This study aimed to confirm whether the excretion of yellow fever vaccine virus is in milk of vaccinated breastfeeding mothers and to confirm the probable transmission to their infants through breast milk. Methods Samples were taken as follows: one serum specimen was taken 3-14 days after the date of the vaccination, and breast milk specimens were taken at four different time points between 3-4 days apart. Specimens were obtained from eight nursing mothers, who received the YVF vaccine (17DD). Mothers were asymptomatic before and after the vaccine administration but their infants developed symptoms after administration. Maternal serum samples were tested for YFV specific IgM antibodies through immuno-fluorescent assay (IFA). RNA was extracted from serum and breast milk specimens and YFV RNA screened using real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Results In total, five mothers (62.5%) were positive for YFV and two mothers (25%) had YFV RNA in serum. Among milk specimens, YFV RNA was detected during the four different mentioned collection times as follows (positive milk specimens/total milk specimens): 3/8 (37.5 %), 4/6 (66.6%) and 1/4(25%). RNA was completely undetectable in the last collection time. Conclusions YFV transmission from mothers to their babies through breast-feeding was highly probable indicated by the temporal relationship to mother's YF vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Hassan Madni
- Virology, Central Laboratory, Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan
| | | | - Isam M. Elkidir
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan
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3
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Maia LJ, de Oliveira CH, Silva AB, Souza PAA, Müller NFD, Cardoso JDC, Ribeiro BM, de Abreu FVS, Campos FS. Arbovirus surveillance in mosquitoes: Historical methods, emerging technologies, and challenges ahead. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2023; 248:2072-2082. [PMID: 38183286 PMCID: PMC10800135 DOI: 10.1177/15353702231209415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Arboviruses cause millions of infections each year; however, only limited options are available for treatment and pharmacological prevention. Mosquitoes are among the most important vectors for the transmission of several pathogens to humans. Despite advances, the sampling, viral detection, and control methods for these insects remain ineffective. Challenges arise with the increase in mosquito populations due to climate change, insecticide resistance, and human interference affecting natural habitats, which contribute to the increasing difficulty in controlling the spread of arboviruses. Therefore, prioritizing arbovirus surveillance is essential for effective epidemic preparedness. In this review, we offer a concise historical account of the discovery and monitoring of arboviruses in mosquitoes, from mosquito capture to viral detection. We then analyzed the advantages and limitations of these traditional methods. Furthermore, we investigated the potential of emerging technologies to address these limitations, including the implementation of next-generation sequencing, paper-based devices, spectroscopic detectors, and synthetic biosensors. We also provide perspectives on recurring issues and areas of interest such as insect-specific viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Janssen Maia
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Departamento de Biologia Celular, Laboratório de Baculovírus, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília 70910-900, Brasil
| | - Cirilo Henrique de Oliveira
- Laboratório de Comportamento de Insetos, Instituto Federal do Norte de Minas Gerais, Salinas 39560-000, Brasil
| | - Arthur Batista Silva
- Laboratório de Bioinformática e Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Tocantins, Gurupi 77402-970, Brasil
| | - Pedro Augusto Almeida Souza
- Laboratório de Comportamento de Insetos, Instituto Federal do Norte de Minas Gerais, Salinas 39560-000, Brasil
| | - Nicolas Felipe Drumm Müller
- Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90035-003, Brasil
| | - Jader da Cruz Cardoso
- Divisão de Vigilância Ambiental em Saúde, Centro Estadual de Vigilância em Saúde, Secretaria Estadual de Saúde do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90610-000, Brasil
| | - Bergmann Morais Ribeiro
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Departamento de Biologia Celular, Laboratório de Baculovírus, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília 70910-900, Brasil
| | | | - Fabrício Souza Campos
- Laboratório de Bioinformática e Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Tocantins, Gurupi 77402-970, Brasil
- Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90035-003, Brasil
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4
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Giovanetti M, Pinotti F, Zanluca C, Fonseca V, Nakase T, Koishi AC, Tscha M, Soares G, Dorl GG, Marques AEM, Sousa R, Adelino TER, Xavier J, de Oliveira C, Patroca S, Guimaraes NR, Fritsch H, Mares-Guia MA, Levy F, Passos PH, da Silva VL, Pereira LA, Mendonça AF, de Macêdo IL, Ribeiro de Sousa DE, Rodrigues de Toledo Costa G, Botelho de Castro M, de Souza Andrade M, de Abreu FVS, Campos FS, Iani FCDM, Pereira MA, Cavalcante KRLJ, de Freitas ARR, Campelo de Albuquerque CF, Macário EM, dos Anjos MPD, Ramos RC, Campos AAS, Pinter A, Chame M, Abdalla L, Riediger IN, Ribeiro SP, Bento AI, de Oliveira T, Freitas C, Oliveira de Moura NF, Fabri A, dos Santos Rodrigues CD, Dos Santos CC, Barreto de Almeida MA, dos Santos E, Cardoso J, Augusto DA, Krempser E, Mucci LF, Gatti RR, Cardoso SF, Fuck JAB, Lopes MGD, Belmonte IL, Mayoral Pedroso da Silva G, Soares MRF, de Castilhos MDMS, de Souza e Silva JC, Bisetto Junior A, Pouzato EG, Tanabe LS, Arita DA, Matsuo R, dos Santos Raymundo J, Silva PCL, Santana Araújo Ferreira Silva A, Samila S, Carvalho G, Stabeli R, Navegantes W, Moreira LA, Ferreira AGA, Pinheiro GG, Nunes BTD, de Almeida Medeiros DB, Cruz ACR, Venâncio da Cunha R, Van Voorhis W, Bispo de Filippis AM, Almiron M, Holmes EC, Ramos DG, Romano A, Lourenço J, Alcantara LCJ, Duarte dos Santos CN. Genomic epidemiology unveils the dynamics and spatial corridor behind the Yellow Fever virus outbreak in Southern Brazil. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadg9204. [PMID: 37656782 PMCID: PMC10854437 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adg9204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
Despite the considerable morbidity and mortality of yellow fever virus (YFV) infections in Brazil, our understanding of disease outbreaks is hampered by limited viral genomic data. Here, through a combination of phylogenetic and epidemiological models, we reconstructed the recent transmission history of YFV within different epidemic seasons in Brazil. A suitability index based on the highly domesticated Aedes aegypti was able to capture the seasonality of reported human infections. Spatial modeling revealed spatial hotspots with both past reporting and low vaccination coverage, which coincided with many of the largest urban centers in the Southeast. Phylodynamic analysis unraveled the circulation of three distinct lineages and provided proof of the directionality of a known spatial corridor that connects the endemic North with the extra-Amazonian basin. This study illustrates that genomics linked with eco-epidemiology can provide new insights into the landscape of YFV transmission, augmenting traditional approaches to infectious disease surveillance and control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Giovanetti
- Laboratório de Flavivírus, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Instituto Rene Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Department of Science and Technology for Humans and the Environment, Università of Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Italy
| | | | - Camila Zanluca
- Laboratório de Virologia Molecular, Instituto Carlos Chagas/Fiocruz-PR, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Vagner Fonseca
- Organização Pan-Americana da Saúde/Organização Mundial da Saúde, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
| | - Taishi Nakase
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Andrea C. Koishi
- Laboratório de Virologia Molecular, Instituto Carlos Chagas/Fiocruz-PR, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Marcel Tscha
- Laboratório de Virologia Molecular, Instituto Carlos Chagas/Fiocruz-PR, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Soares
- Laboratório de Virologia Molecular, Instituto Carlos Chagas/Fiocruz-PR, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Gisiane Gruber Dorl
- Laboratório de Virologia Molecular, Instituto Carlos Chagas/Fiocruz-PR, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | - Renato Sousa
- Laboratório de Patologia Veterinária, Hospital Veterinário UFPR, PR Brazil
| | - Talita Emile Ribeiro Adelino
- Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública do Estado de Minas Gerais, Fundação Ezequiel Dias, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Joilson Xavier
- Instituto Rene Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Carla de Oliveira
- Laboratório de Flavivírus, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Instituto Rene Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Natalia Rocha Guimaraes
- Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública do Estado de Minas Gerais, Fundação Ezequiel Dias, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Hegger Fritsch
- Instituto Rene Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Flavia Levy
- Laboratório de Flavivírus, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Pedro Henrique Passos
- Coordenação Geral das Arboviroses, Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde/Ministério da Saúde (CGARB/SVS-MS), Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
| | | | - Luiz Augusto Pereira
- Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública Dr Giovanni Cysneiros, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Ana Flávia Mendonça
- Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública Dr Giovanni Cysneiros, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Isabel Luana de Macêdo
- Veterinary Pathology Laboratory, Campus Darcy Ribeiro, University of Brasília, Brasília, DF 70636- 200, Brazil
| | | | | | - Marcio Botelho de Castro
- Veterinary Pathology Laboratory, Campus Darcy Ribeiro, University of Brasília, Brasília, DF 70636- 200, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Animal Sciences, College of Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine, University of Brasília, Brasília, DF 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Miguel de Souza Andrade
- Baculovirus Laboratory, Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasília 70910-900, DF, Brazil
| | | | - Fabrício Souza Campos
- Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90035-003, RS, Brazil
| | - Felipe Campos de Melo Iani
- Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública do Estado de Minas Gerais, Fundação Ezequiel Dias, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Maira Alves Pereira
- Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública do Estado de Minas Gerais, Fundação Ezequiel Dias, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Marlei Pickler Debiasi dos Anjos
- Laboratorio central de Saude Publica de Santa Catarina, Superintendência de Vigilância em Saúde – SES – Santa Catarina, South Brazil
| | - Rosane Campanher Ramos
- Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Superintendência de Vigilância em Saúde – SES – Santa Catarina, South Brazil
| | | | - Adriano Pinter
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva e Saúde Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Marcia Chame
- Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Biodiversity, Wildlife Health Institutional Platform (PIBSS/Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Livia Abdalla
- Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Biodiversity, Wildlife Health Institutional Platform (PIBSS/Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Sérvio Pontes Ribeiro
- Laboratory of Ecology of Diseases & Forests, NUPEB/ICEB, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Ana I. Bento
- Pandemic Prevention Initiative, The Rockefeller Foundation, Washington DC, USA
| | - Tulio de Oliveira
- School for Data Science and Computational Thinking, Faculty of Science and Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, South Africa
| | - Carla Freitas
- Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde, SVS, Brazilian Ministry of Health, Brasilia, Federal District, Brazil
| | | | - Allison Fabri
- Laboratório de Flavivírus, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Edmilson dos Santos
- Secretaria Estadual de Saúde do Rio Grande do Sul, Centro Estadual de Vigilância em Saúde, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Jader Cardoso
- Secretaria Estadual de Saúde do Rio Grande do Sul, Centro Estadual de Vigilância em Saúde, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Douglas Adriano Augusto
- Plataforma Institucional Biodiversidade e Saúde Silvestre - Centro de Informação em Saúde Silvestre (CISS) - Fiocruz/RJ, Avenida Brasil, 4365. Manguinhos - Rio de Janeiro - RJ Cep: 21.040-360
| | - Eduardo Krempser
- Plataforma Institucional Biodiversidade e Saúde Silvestre - Centro de Informação em Saúde Silvestre (CISS) - Fiocruz/RJ, Avenida Brasil, 4365. Manguinhos - Rio de Janeiro - RJ Cep: 21.040-360
| | - Luís Filipe Mucci
- Secretaria da Saúde (São Paulo - Estado), Av Dr. Enéas Carvalho de Aguiar, 188 - Cerqueira César, São Paulo - SP, 05403-000, Brazil
- Coordenadoria de Controle de Doenças (CCD), Av. Dr. Enéas Carvalho de Aguiar, 188 - Cerqueira César, São Paulo - SP, 05403-000, Brazil
- Instituto Pasteur (IP), Av. Paulista, 363 Cerqueira Cesar – São Paulo- SP – CEP:01311-000
| | - Renata Rispoli Gatti
- Secretaria de Estado da Saude de Santa Catarina, R. Esteves Júnior, 160 - Centro, Florianópolis - SC, 88015-130, Brazil
| | - Sabrina Fernandes Cardoso
- Secretaria de Estado da Saude de Santa Catarina, R. Esteves Júnior, 160 - Centro, Florianópolis - SC, 88015-130, Brazil
- Department of Cell Biology, Embryology and Genetics, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - João Augusto Brancher Fuck
- Diretoria de Vigilância Epidemiológica da Secretaria de Estado da Saúde de Santa Catarina, R. Esteves Júnior, 160 - Centro, Florianópolis - SC, 88015-130, Brazil
| | - Maria Goretti David Lopes
- Secretaria de Estado da Saúde do Paraná, Brazil, R. Piquiri, 170 - Rebouças, Curitiba - PR, 80230-140
| | - Ivana Lucia Belmonte
- Secretaria de Estado da Saúde do Paraná, Brazil, R. Piquiri, 170 - Rebouças, Curitiba - PR, 80230-140
| | | | | | | | | | - Alceu Bisetto Junior
- Secretaria de Estado da Saúde do Paraná, Brazil, R. Piquiri, 170 - Rebouças, Curitiba - PR, 80230-140
| | - Emanuelle Gemin Pouzato
- Secretaria de Estado da Saúde do Paraná, Brazil, R. Piquiri, 170 - Rebouças, Curitiba - PR, 80230-140
| | - Laurina Setsuko Tanabe
- Secretaria de Estado da Saúde do Paraná, Brazil, R. Piquiri, 170 - Rebouças, Curitiba - PR, 80230-140
| | - Daniele Akemi Arita
- Secretaria de Estado da Saúde do Paraná, Brazil, R. Piquiri, 170 - Rebouças, Curitiba - PR, 80230-140
| | - Ricardo Matsuo
- Secretaria de Estado da Saúde do Paraná, Brazil, R. Piquiri, 170 - Rebouças, Curitiba - PR, 80230-140
| | | | | | | | - Sandra Samila
- Secretaria de Estado da Saúde do Paraná, Brazil, R. Piquiri, 170 - Rebouças, Curitiba - PR, 80230-140
| | - Glauco Carvalho
- Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública do Estado de Minas Gerais, Fundação Ezequiel Dias, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Stabeli
- Organização Pan-Americana da Saúde/Organização Mundial da Saúde, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
| | - Wildo Navegantes
- Organização Pan-Americana da Saúde/Organização Mundial da Saúde, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
| | - Luciano Andrade Moreira
- Mosquitos Vetores: Endossimbiontes e Interação Patógeno-Vetor, Instituto René Rachou–Fiocruz, Belo Horizonte 30190-002, MG, Brazil
| | - Alvaro Gil A. Ferreira
- Mosquitos Vetores: Endossimbiontes e Interação Patógeno-Vetor, Instituto René Rachou–Fiocruz, Belo Horizonte 30190-002, MG, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Wes Van Voorhis
- Center for Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases (CERID), University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Maria Almiron
- Pan American Health Organization/World Health Organization, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Edward C. Holmes
- Marie Bashir Institute for Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, School of Life and Environmental Sciences and School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Daniel Garkauskas Ramos
- Coordenação Geral das Arboviroses, Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde/Ministério da Saúde (CGARB/SVS-MS), Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
| | - Alessandro Romano
- Coordenação Geral das Arboviroses, Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde/Ministério da Saúde (CGARB/SVS-MS), Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
| | - José Lourenço
- BioISI (Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute), Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa Portugal
| | - Luiz Carlos Junior Alcantara
- Laboratório de Flavivírus, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Instituto Rene Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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5
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Ribeiro IP, Delatorre E, de Abreu FVS, dos Santos AAC, Furtado ND, Ferreira-de-Brito A, de Pina-Costa A, Neves MSAS, de Castro MG, Motta MDA, Brasil P, Lourenço-de-Oliveira R, Bonaldo MC. Ecological, Genetic, and Phylogenetic Aspects of YFV 2017-2019 Spread in Rio de Janeiro State. Viruses 2023; 15:v15020437. [PMID: 36851651 PMCID: PMC9961572 DOI: 10.3390/v15020437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
In Brazil, a yellow fever (YF) outbreak was reported in areas considered YF-free for decades. The low vaccination coverage and the increasing forest fragmentation, with the wide distribution of vector mosquitoes, have been related to yellow fever virus (YFV) transmission beyond endemic areas since 2016. Aiming to elucidate the molecular and phylogenetic aspects of YFV spread on a local scale, we generated 43 new YFV genomes sampled from humans, non-human primates (NHP), and primarily, mosquitoes from highly heterogenic areas in 15 localities from Rio de Janeiro (RJ) state during the YFV 2016-2019 outbreak in southeast Brazil. Our analysis revealed that the genetic diversity and spatial distribution of the sylvatic transmission of YFV in RJ originated from at least two introductions and followed two chains of dissemination, here named the YFV RJ-I and YFV RJ-II clades. They moved with similar dispersal speeds from the north to the south of the RJ state in parallel directions, separated by the Serra do Mar Mountain chain, with YFV RJ-I invading the north coast of São Paulo state. The YFV RJ-I clade showed a more significant heterogeneity across the entire polyprotein. The YFV RJ-II clade, with only two amino acid polymorphisms, mapped at NS1 (I1086V), present only in mosquitoes at the same locality and NS4A (I2176V), shared by all YFV clade RJ-II, suggests a recent clustering of YFV isolates collected from different hosts. Our analyses strengthen the role of surveillance, genomic analyses of YVF isolated from other hosts, and environmental studies into the strategies to forecast, control, and prevent yellow fever outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ieda Pereira Ribeiro
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular de Flavivírus, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, RJ, Brazil
| | - Edson Delatorre
- Laboratório de Genômica Evolutiva e Ambiental, Departamento de Biologia, Centro de Ciências Exatas, Naturais e da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Alegre 29500-000, ES, Brazil
| | - Filipe Vieira Santos de Abreu
- Laboratório de Mosquitos Transmissores de Hematozoários, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, RJ, Brazil
- Instituto Federal do Norte de Minas Gerais, Salinas 39560-000, MG, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Araújo Cunha dos Santos
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular de Flavivírus, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, RJ, Brazil
| | - Nathália Dias Furtado
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular de Flavivírus, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, RJ, Brazil
| | - Anielly Ferreira-de-Brito
- Laboratório de Mosquitos Transmissores de Hematozoários, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, RJ, Brazil
| | - Anielle de Pina-Costa
- Laboratório de Doenças Febris Agudas, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, RJ, Brazil
- Faculdade de Medicina de Teresópolis, Centro Universitário Serra dos Órgãos, UNIFESO, Teresópolis 25955-001, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Márcia Gonçalves de Castro
- Laboratório de Mosquitos Transmissores de Hematozoários, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, RJ, Brazil
| | - Monique de Albuquerque Motta
- Laboratório de Mosquitos Transmissores de Hematozoários, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, RJ, Brazil
| | - Patricia Brasil
- Laboratório de Doenças Febris Agudas, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, RJ, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Lourenço-de-Oliveira
- Laboratório de Mosquitos Transmissores de Hematozoários, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, RJ, Brazil
- Correspondence: (R.L.-d.-O.); (M.C.B.)
| | - Myrna Cristina Bonaldo
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular de Flavivírus, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, RJ, Brazil
- Correspondence: (R.L.-d.-O.); (M.C.B.)
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6
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Andrade MS, Campos FS, de Oliveira CH, Oliveira RS, Campos AAS, de Almeida MAB, Fonseca VDS, Simonini-Teixeira D, Sevá ADP, Temponi AOD, Magalhães FM, Chaves DCC, Pereira MA, Lamounier LO, de Menezes GG, Aquino-Teixeira SM, Gonçalves-dos-Santos ME, Bernal-Valle S, Müller NFD, Cardoso JDC, dos Santos E, Mares-Guia MA, Albuquerque GR, Romano APM, Franco AC, Ribeiro BM, Roehe PM, de Abreu FVS. Fast surveillance response reveals the introduction of a new yellow fever virus sub-lineage in 2021, in Minas Gerais, Brazil. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2022; 117:e220127. [PMID: 36478156 PMCID: PMC9718055 DOI: 10.1590/0074-02760220127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In Brazil, the yellow fever virus (YFV) is maintained in a sylvatic cycle involving wild mosquitoes and non-human primates (NHPs). The virus is endemic to the Amazon region; however, waves of epidemic expansion reaching other Brazilian states sporadically occur, eventually causing spillovers to humans. OBJECTIVES To report a surveillance effort that led to the first confirmation of YFV in NHPs in the state of Minas Gerais (MG), Southeast region, in 2021. METHODS A surveillance network was created, encompassing the technology of smartphone applications and coordinated actions of several research institutions and health services to monitor and investigate NHP epizootics. FINDINGS When alerts were spread through the network, samples from NHPs were collected and YFV infection confirmed by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and genome sequencing at an interval of only 10 days. Near-complete genomes were generated using the Nanopore MinION sequencer. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that viral genomes were related to the South American genotype I, clustering with a genome detected in the Amazon region (state of Pará) in 2017, named YFVPA/MG sub-lineage. Fast YFV confirmation potentialised vaccination campaigns. MAIN CONCLUSIONS A new YFV introduction was detected in MG 6 years after the beginning of the major outbreak reported in the state (2015-2018). The YFV strain was not related to the sub-lineages previously reported in MG. No human cases have been reported, suggesting the importance of coordinated surveillance of NHPs using available technologies and supporting laboratories to ensure a quick response and implementation of contingency measures to avoid YFV spillover to humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Souza Andrade
- Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Departamento de Biologia Celular, Laboratório de Baculovírus, Brasília, DF, Brasil
| | - Fabrício Souza Campos
- Universidade Federal do Tocantins, Laboratório de Bioinformática e Biotecnologia, Gurupi, TO, Brasil ,Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil,+ Corresponding author: /
| | | | - Ramon Silva Oliveira
- Instituto Federal do Norte de Minas Gerais, Laboratório de Comportamento de Insetos, Salinas, MG, Brasil
| | | | | | - Vagner de Souza Fonseca
- Organização Pan-Americana da Saúde/Organização Mundial da Saúde, Brasília, DF, Brasil ,Stellenbosch University, School of Data Science and Computational Thinking, Centre for Epidemic Response and Innovation, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Danilo Simonini-Teixeira
- Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Departamento de Agricultura e Ciências Ambientais, Ilhéus, BA, Brasil
| | - Anaiá da Paixão Sevá
- Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Departamento de Agricultura e Ciências Ambientais, Ilhéus, BA, Brasil
| | - Andrea Oliveira Dias Temponi
- Secretaria de Saúde do Estado de Minas Gerais, Coordenação Estadual de Vigilância de Arbovírus, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | - Fernando Maria Magalhães
- Secretaria de Saúde do Estado de Minas Gerais, Coordenação Estadual de Vigilância de Arbovírus, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | | | - Maira Alves Pereira
- Fundação Ezequiel Dias, Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | | | - Givaldo Gomes de Menezes
- Secretaria de Saúde do Estado de Minas Gerais, Coordenação Estadual de Vigilância de Arbovírus, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | | | | | - Sofía Bernal-Valle
- Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Departamento de Agricultura e Ciências Ambientais, Ilhéus, BA, Brasil
| | | | - Jader da Cruz Cardoso
- Secretaria Estadual de Saúde do Rio Grande do Sul, Centro Estadual de Vigilância em Saúde, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
| | - Edmilson dos Santos
- Secretaria Estadual de Saúde do Rio Grande do Sul, Centro Estadual de Vigilância em Saúde, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
| | - Maria Angélica Mares-Guia
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Laboratório de Flavivírus, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - George Rêgo Albuquerque
- Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Departamento de Agricultura e Ciências Ambientais, Ilhéus, BA, Brasil
| | | | - Ana Cláudia Franco
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
| | - Bergmann Morais Ribeiro
- Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Departamento de Biologia Celular, Laboratório de Baculovírus, Brasília, DF, Brasil
| | - Paulo Michel Roehe
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
| | - Filipe Vieira Santos de Abreu
- Instituto Federal do Norte de Minas Gerais, Laboratório de Comportamento de Insetos, Salinas, MG, Brasil,+ Corresponding author: /
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7
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Cunha MDP, Duarte-Neto AN, Pour SZ, Pereira BBDS, Ho YL, Perondi B, Sztajnbok J, Alves VAF, da Silva LFF, Dolhnikoff M, Saldiva PHN, Zanotto PMDA. Phylogeographic patterns of the yellow fever virus around the metropolitan region of São Paulo, Brazil, 2016–2019. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2022; 16:e0010705. [PMID: 36149846 PMCID: PMC9506654 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0010705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
From 2016 to 2019, the largest outbreak caused by the Yellow Fever virus (YFV) in the 21st century in the Americas occurred in southeastern Brazil. A sylvatic cycle of transmission was reported near densely populated areas, such as the large metropolitan area of the city of São Paulo. Here, we describe the origin, spread, and movement of the YFV throughout the state of São Paulo. Whole-genome sequences were obtained from tissues of two patients who died due to severe yellow fever, during 2018–2019. Molecular analysis indicated that all analyzed tissues were positive for YFV RNA, with the liver being the organ with the highest amount of viral RNA. Sequence analysis indicates that genomes belonged to the South American genotype I and were grouped in the epidemic clade II, which includes sequences from the states of Goiás, Minas Gerais, and São Paulo of previous years. The analysis of viral dispersion indicates that the outbreak originated in Goiás at the end of 2014 and reached the state of São Paulo through the state of Minas Gerais after 2016. When the virus reached near the urban area, it spread towards both the east and south regions of the state, not establishing an urban transmission cycle in the metropolitan region of São Paulo. The virus that moved towards the east met with YFV coming from the south of the state of Rio de Janeiro, and the YFV that was carried to the south reached the Brazilian states located in the south region of the country. The Yellow Fever virus (YFV) has caused serious public health issues in Africa and the Americas. YFV infections can vary from asymptomatic to severe clinical conditions, which may culminate in death. In Brazil, the main viral origin of YFV outbreaks is the states located in the Amazon Basin. In the present study, we detected YFV RNA in several tissues, including the heart, lung, brain, kidney, spleen, pancreas, liver, and testicle in two human cases. The YFV characterized in the present study belong to the South American genotype I, clade II, and they are associated with viral spread throughout the state of São Paulo after intense viral circulation in the metropolitan region in 2018. Future investigations are necessary for a better understanding of the complex ecological factors involved in viral dispersion from the Amazon Basin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marielton dos Passos Cunha
- Laboratory of Molecular Evolution and Bioinformatics, Department of Microbiology, Biomedical Sciences Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| | | | - Shahab Zaki Pour
- Laboratory of Molecular Evolution and Bioinformatics, Department of Microbiology, Biomedical Sciences Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bárbara Brito de Souza Pereira
- Laboratory of Molecular Evolution and Bioinformatics, Department of Microbiology, Biomedical Sciences Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Yeh-Li Ho
- Intensive Care Unit, Division of Clinical Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Clinical Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Perondi
- Yellow Fever Crisis Committee, Clinical Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Luiz Fernando Ferraz da Silva
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Service of Verification of Deaths of the Capital–University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marisa Dolhnikoff
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Paolo Marinho de Andrade Zanotto
- Laboratory of Molecular Evolution and Bioinformatics, Department of Microbiology, Biomedical Sciences Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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8
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Passos PHO, Ramos DG, Romano AP, Cavalcante KRLJ, Miranda LHM, Coelho JMCO, Barros RC, Martins Filho AJ, Quaresma JAS, Macêdo IL, Wilson TM, Sousa DER, de Melo CB, Castro MB. Hepato-pathological hallmarks for the surveillance of Yellow Fever in South American non-human primates. Acta Trop 2022; 231:106468. [PMID: 35429458 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2022.106468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The early detection and diagnosis of deaths in free-ranging non-human primates (NHPs) are key points for the surveillance of Yellow Fever (YF) in Brazil. The histopathological identification of infectious diseases remains very useful and reliable in the screening and detection of emerging zoonotic diseases such as YF. We surveyed data records and liver slides stained with hematoxylin and eosin from the Epizootics Surveillance Network to control YF, Ministry of Health of Brazil, to evaluate histopathological hallmarks for the diagnosis of the YF virus infection. We selected natural fatal cases in NHPs from the genera Alouatta spp., Callithrix spp., and Sapajus spp. with a positive immunohistochemical assay for YF in liver samples. Our findings showed the full-spectrum YF-associated hepatic lesions in all NHPs, but some histopathological findings differed in the distribution and intensity between the three genera. In our study, South American NHPs showed significant differences in the YF-associated hepatic histopathological features compared to fatal cases reported in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro H O Passos
- Graduate Program in Animal Science, University of Brasília, Federal District, Brasilia, Brazil; Brazilian Ministry of Health, Federal District, Brasilia, Brazil
| | - Daniel G Ramos
- Brazilian Ministry of Health, Federal District, Brasilia, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Ramona C Barros
- Universidade do Estado do Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil Veterinary
| | | | | | - Isabel L Macêdo
- Graduate Program in Animal Science, University of Brasília, Federal District, Brasilia, Brazil; Veterinary Pathology Laboratory, University of Brasília, Federal District, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Tais M Wilson
- Graduate Program in Animal Science, University of Brasília, Federal District, Brasilia, Brazil; Veterinary Pathology Laboratory, University of Brasília, Federal District, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Davi E R Sousa
- Graduate Program in Animal Science, University of Brasília, Federal District, Brasilia, Brazil; Veterinary Pathology Laboratory, University of Brasília, Federal District, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Cristiano B de Melo
- Graduate Program in Animal Science, University of Brasília, Federal District, Brasilia, Brazil
| | - Marcio B Castro
- Graduate Program in Animal Science, University of Brasília, Federal District, Brasilia, Brazil; Veterinary Pathology Laboratory, University of Brasília, Federal District, Brasília, Brazil.
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9
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Abreu FVSD, de Andreazzi CS, Neves MSAS, Meneguete PS, Ribeiro MS, Dias CMG, de Albuquerque Motta M, Barcellos C, Romão AR, Magalhães MDAFM, Lourenço-de-Oliveira R. Ecological and environmental factors affecting transmission of sylvatic yellow fever in the 2017-2019 outbreak in the Atlantic Forest, Brazil. Parasit Vectors 2022; 15:23. [PMID: 35012637 PMCID: PMC8750868 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-021-05143-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Yellow fever virus (YFV) is an arbovirus that, despite the existence of a safe and effective vaccine, continues to cause outbreaks of varying dimensions in the Americas and Africa. Between 2017 and 2019, Brazil registered un unprecedented sylvatic YFV outbreak whose severity was the result of its spread into zones of the Atlantic Forest with no signals of viral circulation for nearly 80 years. METHODS To investigate the influence of climatic, environmental, and ecological factors governing the dispersion and force of infection of YFV in a naïve area such as the landscape mosaic of Rio de Janeiro (RJ), we combined the analyses of a large set of data including entomological sampling performed before and during the 2017-2019 outbreak, with the geolocation of human and nonhuman primates (NHP) and mosquito infections. RESULTS A greater abundance of Haemagogus mosquitoes combined with lower richness and diversity of mosquito fauna increased the probability of finding a YFV-infected mosquito. Furthermore, the analysis of functional traits showed that certain functional groups, composed mainly of Aedini mosquitoes which includes Aedes and Haemagogus mosquitoes, are also more representative in areas where infected mosquitoes were found. Human and NHP infections were more common in two types of landscapes: large and continuous forest, capable of harboring many YFV hosts, and patches of small forest fragments, where environmental imbalance can lead to a greater density of the primary vectors and high human exposure. In both, we show that most human infections (~ 62%) occurred within an 11-km radius of the finding of an infected NHP, which is in line with the flight range of the primary vectors. CONCLUSIONS Together, our data suggest that entomological data and landscape composition analyses may help to predict areas permissive to yellow fever outbreaks, allowing protective measures to be taken to avoid human cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filipe Vieira Santos de Abreu
- Laboratório de Mosquitos Transmissores de Hematozoários, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ Brazil
- Laboratório de Comportamento de Insetos, Instituto Federal do Norte de Minas Gerais, Salinas, MG Brazil
| | - Cecilia Siliansky de Andreazzi
- Laboratório de Biologia e Parasitologia de Mamíferos Silvestres Reservatórios, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ Brazil
- Present Address: Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
| | | | - Patrícia Soares Meneguete
- Secretaria de Estado de Saúde, Subsecretaria de Vigilância e Atenção Primária À Saúde, Rio de Janeiro, RJ Brazil
| | - Mário Sérgio Ribeiro
- Secretaria de Estado de Saúde, Subsecretaria de Vigilância e Atenção Primária À Saúde, Rio de Janeiro, RJ Brazil
| | - Cristina Maria Giordano Dias
- Secretaria de Estado de Saúde, Subsecretaria de Vigilância e Atenção Primária À Saúde, Rio de Janeiro, RJ Brazil
| | - Monique de Albuquerque Motta
- Laboratório de Mosquitos Transmissores de Hematozoários, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ Brazil
| | - Christovam Barcellos
- Laboratório de Informação em Saúde, Instituto de Comunicação e Informação Científica e Tecnológica em Saúde, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ Brazil
| | - Anselmo Rocha Romão
- Laboratório de Informação em Saúde, Instituto de Comunicação e Informação Científica e Tecnológica em Saúde, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ Brazil
| | | | - Ricardo Lourenço-de-Oliveira
- Laboratório de Mosquitos Transmissores de Hematozoários, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ Brazil
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10
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Rampazzo RDCP, Zambenedetti MR, Alexandrino F, Jacomasso T, Tschá MK, de Fillipis AMB, Morello LG, Marchini FK. Development, verification, and validation of an RT-qPCR-based protocol for Yellow Fever diagnosis. Int J Infect Dis 2022; 119:34-37. [PMID: 34990800 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2021.12.361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Yellow fever (YF) is a public health threat with frequent outbreaks in tropical and subtropical areas, despite the existence of a safe and effective vaccine. The diagnosis of acute infection of the etiologic agent relies mainly on real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR)-based assays. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare this novel protocol for yellow fever virus (YFV) diagnosis against assays developed in-house by reference laboratories for arboviruses. METHODS We developed a novel molecular protocol for the detection of YFV that includes an Internal Control to validate the reaction and an External Control to monitor the RNA extraction efficiency. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Our assay detects one viral genome per reaction and displays no cross-reactions with dengue (1-4), Zika, or Chikungunya viruses. This novel assay yielded 95% of agreement with the reference method recommended by the Pan American Health Organization when analyzing 204 clinical samples and cultured viruses, these samples were analyzed in 3 different diagnosis centers for arboviruses in Brazil. The data suggest the use of the proposed multiplex assay protocol to do routine tests in a clinical laboratory. This product adds higher specificity and sensitivity in addition to reduced cost per test due to hands-on time and reagent spending.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita de Cássia Pontello Rampazzo
- Instituto de Biologia Molecular do Paraná (IBMP), Rua Professor Algacyr Munhoz Mader, 3775 CIC, 81350-010, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Miriam Ribas Zambenedetti
- Instituto de Biologia Molecular do Paraná (IBMP), Rua Professor Algacyr Munhoz Mader, 3775 CIC, 81350-010, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Fabiana Alexandrino
- Instituto de Biologia Molecular do Paraná (IBMP), Rua Professor Algacyr Munhoz Mader, 3775 CIC, 81350-010, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Thiago Jacomasso
- Instituto de Biologia Molecular do Paraná (IBMP), Rua Professor Algacyr Munhoz Mader, 3775 CIC, 81350-010, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Marcel Kruchelski Tschá
- Instituto de Biologia Molecular do Paraná (IBMP), Rua Professor Algacyr Munhoz Mader, 3775 CIC, 81350-010, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Ana Maria Bispo de Fillipis
- Laboratório de Flavivírus, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Avenida Brasil, 4365, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Luis Gustavo Morello
- Instituto de Biologia Molecular do Paraná (IBMP), Rua Professor Algacyr Munhoz Mader, 3775 CIC, 81350-010, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil; Instituto Carlos Chagas (ICC), FIOCRUZ-PR, Rua Prof. Algacyr Munhoz Mader, 3775 CIC, 81350-010, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Fabricio Klerynton Marchini
- Instituto de Biologia Molecular do Paraná (IBMP), Rua Professor Algacyr Munhoz Mader, 3775 CIC, 81350-010, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil; Instituto Carlos Chagas (ICC), FIOCRUZ-PR, Rua Prof. Algacyr Munhoz Mader, 3775 CIC, 81350-010, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.
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11
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Benevides ML, Walz R, Costa Nunes J. Yellow Fever Vaccine as a Possible Trigger of Inflammatory Myopathy: A Case Report. J Clin Rheumatol 2021; 27:S506-S508. [PMID: 31651644 DOI: 10.1097/rhu.0000000000001147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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12
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Berthet M, Mesbahi G, Duvot G, Zuberbühler K, Cäsar C, Bicca-Marques JC. Dramatic decline in a titi monkey population after the 2016-2018 sylvatic yellow fever outbreak in Brazil. Am J Primatol 2021; 83:e23335. [PMID: 34609763 DOI: 10.1002/ajp.23335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Platyrrhini are highly vulnerable to the yellow fever (YF) virus. From 2016 to 2018, the Atlantic Forest of southeast Brazil faced its worst sylvatic YF outbreak in about a century, thought to have killed thousands of primates. It is essential to assess the impact of this epidemic on threatened primate assemblages to design effective conservation strategies. In this study, we assessed the impact of the 2016-2018 YF outbreak on a geographically isolated population of Near Threatened black-fronted titi monkeys (Callicebus nigrifrons) in two Atlantic Forest patches of the Santuário do Caraça, MG, Brazil. Extensive preoutbreak monitoring, conducted between 2008 and 2016, revealed that the home range and group sizes of the population remained stable. In 2016, the population size was estimated at 53-57 individuals in 11-12 groups. We conducted monitoring and playback surveys in 2019 and found that the population had decreased by 68% in one forest patch and completely vanished in the other, resulting in a combined decline of 80%. We discuss this severe loss of a previously stable population and conclude that it was highly likely caused by the YF outbreak. The remaining population is at risk of disappearing completely because of its small size and geographic isolation. A systematic population surveys of C. nigrifrons, along other sensible Platyrrhini species, is needed to re-evaluate their current conservation status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélissa Berthet
- Département d'études cognitives, Institut Jean Nicod, ENS, EHESS, CNRS, PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Geoffrey Mesbahi
- Université de Lorraine, INRAE, LAE, Nancy, France.,Parc Naturel Régional des Vosges du Nord, La Petite Pierre, France
| | - Guilhem Duvot
- Département d'études cognitives, Institut Jean Nicod, ENS, EHESS, CNRS, PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Klaus Zuberbühler
- School of Psychology & Neurosciences, University of St Andrews, Scotland, UK.,Institute of Biology, University of Neuchâtel, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | | | - Júlio Cèsar Bicca-Marques
- Escola de Ciências da Saúde e da Vida, Laboratório de Primatologia, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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13
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Andrade MDS, Campos FS, Campos AAS, Abreu FVS, Melo FL, Sevá ADP, Cardoso JDC, Dos Santos E, Born LC, da Silva CMD, Müller NFD, de Oliveira CH, da Silva AJJ, Simonini-Teixeira D, Bernal-Valle S, Mares-Guia MAMM, Albuquerque GR, Romano APM, Franco AC, Ribeiro BM, Roehe PM, de Almeida MAB. Real-Time Genomic Surveillance during the 2021 Re-Emergence of the Yellow Fever Virus in Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil. Viruses 2021; 13:v13101976. [PMID: 34696408 PMCID: PMC8539658 DOI: 10.3390/v13101976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The 2021 re-emergence of yellow fever in non-human primates in the state of Rio Grande do Sul (RS), southernmost Brazil, resulted in the death of many howler monkeys (genus Alouatta) and led the state to declare a Public Health Emergency of State Importance, despite no human cases reported. In this study, near-complete genomes of yellow fever virus (YFV) recovered from the outbreak were sequenced and examined aiming at a better understanding of the phylogenetic relationships and the spatio-temporal dynamics of the virus distribution. Our results suggest that the most likely sequence of events involved the reintroduction of YFV from the state of São Paulo to RS through the states of Paraná and Santa Catarina, by the end of 2020. These findings reinforce the role of genomic surveillance in determining the pathways of distribution of the virus and in providing references for the implementation of preventive measures for populations in high risk areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel de S. Andrade
- Baculovirus Laboratory, Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasília 70910-900, Distrito Federal, Brazil; (M.d.S.A.); (F.L.M.); (B.M.R.)
| | - Fabrício S. Campos
- Bioinformatics and Biotechnology Laboratory, Campus of Gurupi, Federal University of Tocantins, Gurupi 77410-570, Tocantins, Brazil;
| | - Aline A. S. Campos
- State Center of Health Surveillance, Rio Grande do Sul State Health Department, Porto Alegre 90610-000, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; (A.A.S.C.); (J.d.C.C.); (E.d.S.); (L.C.B.); (C.M.D.d.S.)
| | - Filipe V. S. Abreu
- Insect Behavior Laboratory, Federal Institute of Northern Minas Gerais, Salinas 39560-000, Minas Gerais, Brazil; (F.V.S.A.); (C.H.d.O.); (A.J.J.d.S.)
| | - Fernando L. Melo
- Baculovirus Laboratory, Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasília 70910-900, Distrito Federal, Brazil; (M.d.S.A.); (F.L.M.); (B.M.R.)
| | - Anaiá da P. Sevá
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Santa Cruz State University, Ilhéus 45662-900, Bahia, Brazil; (A.d.P.S.); (D.S.-T.); (S.B.-V.); (G.R.A.)
| | - Jader da C. Cardoso
- State Center of Health Surveillance, Rio Grande do Sul State Health Department, Porto Alegre 90610-000, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; (A.A.S.C.); (J.d.C.C.); (E.d.S.); (L.C.B.); (C.M.D.d.S.)
| | - Edmilson Dos Santos
- State Center of Health Surveillance, Rio Grande do Sul State Health Department, Porto Alegre 90610-000, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; (A.A.S.C.); (J.d.C.C.); (E.d.S.); (L.C.B.); (C.M.D.d.S.)
| | - Lucas C. Born
- State Center of Health Surveillance, Rio Grande do Sul State Health Department, Porto Alegre 90610-000, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; (A.A.S.C.); (J.d.C.C.); (E.d.S.); (L.C.B.); (C.M.D.d.S.)
| | - Cláudia M. D. da Silva
- State Center of Health Surveillance, Rio Grande do Sul State Health Department, Porto Alegre 90610-000, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; (A.A.S.C.); (J.d.C.C.); (E.d.S.); (L.C.B.); (C.M.D.d.S.)
| | - Nicolas F. D. Müller
- Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90050-170, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; (N.F.D.M.); (A.C.F.); (P.M.R.)
| | - Cirilo H. de Oliveira
- Insect Behavior Laboratory, Federal Institute of Northern Minas Gerais, Salinas 39560-000, Minas Gerais, Brazil; (F.V.S.A.); (C.H.d.O.); (A.J.J.d.S.)
| | - Alex J. J. da Silva
- Insect Behavior Laboratory, Federal Institute of Northern Minas Gerais, Salinas 39560-000, Minas Gerais, Brazil; (F.V.S.A.); (C.H.d.O.); (A.J.J.d.S.)
| | - Danilo Simonini-Teixeira
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Santa Cruz State University, Ilhéus 45662-900, Bahia, Brazil; (A.d.P.S.); (D.S.-T.); (S.B.-V.); (G.R.A.)
| | - Sofía Bernal-Valle
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Santa Cruz State University, Ilhéus 45662-900, Bahia, Brazil; (A.d.P.S.); (D.S.-T.); (S.B.-V.); (G.R.A.)
| | - Maria A. M. M. Mares-Guia
- Flavivirus Laboratory, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil;
| | - George R. Albuquerque
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Santa Cruz State University, Ilhéus 45662-900, Bahia, Brazil; (A.d.P.S.); (D.S.-T.); (S.B.-V.); (G.R.A.)
| | - Alessandro P. M. Romano
- General Coordination of Arbovirus Surveillance, Ministry of Health, Brasília 70058-900, Distrito Federal, Brazil;
| | - Ana C. Franco
- Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90050-170, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; (N.F.D.M.); (A.C.F.); (P.M.R.)
| | - Bergmann M. Ribeiro
- Baculovirus Laboratory, Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasília 70910-900, Distrito Federal, Brazil; (M.d.S.A.); (F.L.M.); (B.M.R.)
| | - Paulo M. Roehe
- Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90050-170, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; (N.F.D.M.); (A.C.F.); (P.M.R.)
| | - Marco A. B. de Almeida
- State Center of Health Surveillance, Rio Grande do Sul State Health Department, Porto Alegre 90610-000, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; (A.A.S.C.); (J.d.C.C.); (E.d.S.); (L.C.B.); (C.M.D.d.S.)
- Correspondence:
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14
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Reemergence of Yellow Fever in Brazil: The Role of Distinct Landscape Fragmentation Thresholds. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 2021:8230789. [PMID: 34341668 PMCID: PMC8325590 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8230789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Yellow Fever Virus (YFV) reemergence in Brazil was followed by human suffering and the loss of biodiversity of neotropical simians on the Atlantic coast. The underlying mechanisms were investigated with special focus on distinct landscape fragmentation thresholds in the affected municipalities. An ecological study in epidemiology is employed to assess the statistical relationship between events of YFV and forest fragmentation in municipal landscapes. Negative binomial regression model showed that highly fragmented forest cover was associated with an 85% increase of events of YFV in humans and simians (RR = 1.85, CI 95% = 1.24–2.75, p=0.003) adjusted by vaccine coverage, population size, and municipality area. Intermediate levels of forest cover combined with higher levels of forest edge densities contribute to the YFV dispersion and the exponential growth of YF cases. Strategies for forest conservation are necessary for the control and prevention of YF and other zoonotic diseases that can spillover from the fragmented forest remains to populated cities of the Brazilian Atlantic coast.
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15
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Maragoni-Santos C, Serrano Pinheiro de Souza T, Matheus JRV, de Brito Nogueira TB, Xavier-Santos D, Miyahira RF, Costa Antunes AE, Fai AEC. COVID-19 pandemic sheds light on the importance of food safety practices: risks, global recommendations, and perspectives. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 62:5569-5581. [PMID: 33591233 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1887078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The outbreak of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is global health and humanitarian emergency. To respond effectively to this pandemic, it is mandatory to reaffirm science in its different fields of study, including the food safety area. Presently, we review food safety in times of COVID-19, exploring whether the virus can be transmitted by food or water; recommendations from regulatory agencies; perceptions of food hygiene practices during the pandemic; and post-pandemic perspectives. The review was based on papers published in Web of Science, Scopus, Pubmed, and covered recommendations of public health protection and regulatory agencies around the world. The transmission of the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV-2) by food was not confirmed until the present time. In any case, the protocols already established for food safety were reinforced, emphasizing the proper hygiene of hands after shopping, handling food packages, or before manipulating or eating food, adequate social distance, the use of individual protection equipment, the health of employees, and the proper preparation of food. It is hoped, in the post-pandemic scenario, to reach a better understanding of the particularities that led to greater care with food hygiene. Moreover, it is expected that the food system will creatively adapt the way meals are served.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carollyne Maragoni-Santos
- Food and Nutrition Graduate Program, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Julia Rabelo Vaz Matheus
- Food and Nutrition Graduate Program, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Douglas Xavier-Santos
- School of Applied Sciences, State University of Campinas (FCA/UNICAMP), Limeira, SP, Brazil
| | - Roberta Fontanive Miyahira
- School of Applied Sciences, State University of Campinas (FCA/UNICAMP), Limeira, SP, Brazil.,Department of Basic and Experimental Nutrition, Institute of Nutrition, State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Ana Elizabeth Cavalcante Fai
- Food and Nutrition Graduate Program, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Department of Basic and Experimental Nutrition, Institute of Nutrition, State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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16
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Hamlet A, Gaythorpe KAM, Garske T, Ferguson NM. Seasonal and inter-annual drivers of yellow fever transmission in South America. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2021; 15:e0008974. [PMID: 33428623 PMCID: PMC7822559 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0008974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last 20 years yellow fever (YF) has seen dramatic changes to its incidence and geographic extent, with the largest outbreaks in South America since 1940 occurring in the previously unaffected South-East Atlantic coast of Brazil in 2016-2019. While habitat fragmentation and land-cover have previously been implicated in zoonotic disease, their role in YF has not yet been examined. We examined the extent to which vegetation, land-cover, climate and host population predicted the numbers of months a location reported YF per year and by each month over the time-period. Two sets of models were assessed, one looking at interannual differences over the study period (2003-2016), and a seasonal model looking at intra-annual differences by month, averaging over the years of the study period. Each was fit using hierarchical negative-binomial regression in an exhaustive model fitting process. Within each set, the best performing models, as measured by the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC), were combined to create ensemble models to describe interannual and seasonal variation in YF. The models reproduced the spatiotemporal heterogeneities in YF transmission with coefficient of determination (R2) values of 0.43 (95% CI 0.41-0.45) for the interannual model and 0.66 (95% CI 0.64-0.67) for the seasonal model. For the interannual model, EVI, land-cover and vegetation heterogeneity were the primary contributors to the variance explained by the model, and for the seasonal model, EVI, day temperature and rainfall amplitude. Our models explain much of the spatiotemporal variation in YF in South America, both seasonally and across the period 2003-2016. Vegetation type (EVI), heterogeneity in vegetation (perhaps a proxy for habitat fragmentation) and land cover explain much of the trends in YF transmission seen. These findings may help understand the recent expansions of the YF endemic zone, as well as to the highly seasonal nature of YF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arran Hamlet
- MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Katy A. M. Gaythorpe
- MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Tini Garske
- MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Neil M. Ferguson
- MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
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17
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Torosin NS, Webster TH, Argibay H, Sanchez Fernandez C, Ferreyra H, Uhart M, Agostini I, Knapp LA. Positively selected variants in functionally important regions of TLR7 in Alouatta guariba clamitans with yellow fever virus exposure in Northern Argentina. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY 2020; 173:50-60. [PMID: 32583896 DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.24086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In 2007-2009, a major yellow fever virus (YFV) outbreak in Northern Argentina decimated the local howler monkey (Alouatta) population. AIMS To evaluate whether the surviving howler monkeys possess advantageous genetic variants inherited from monkeys alive prior to the YFV outbreak, we explored the relationship between Toll-like receptor (TLR) 7 and TLR8 gene variation and YFV susceptibility. METHODS We used samples from Alouatta individuals in Misiones, Argentina alive before the YFV outbreak, individuals that died during the outbreak, and individuals that survived the outbreak and are alive today. We measured genetic divergence between Alouatta YFV exposure groups and evaluated Alouatta-specific substitutions for functional consequences. RESULTS We did not find different allele frequencies in the post-YFV exposure Alouatta group compared to the pre-exposure group. We identified three nonsynonymous variants in TLR7 in Alouatta guariba clamitans. Two of these substitutions are under positive selection in functionally important regions of the gene. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS Our results did not indicate that surviving howler monkey spossess advantageous genetic variants at greater frequency than those alive before the YFV outbreak. However, the positively selected unique coding differences in A. guariba clamitans are in the region important in pathogen detection which may affect YFV resistance. Morework is necessary to fully explore this hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole S Torosin
- Department of Anthropology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Timothy H Webster
- Department of Anthropology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Hernán Argibay
- Instituto de Ecología, Genética y Evolución de Buenos Aires (IEGEBA-CONICET), Intendente Güiraldes 2160 - Ciudad Universitaria (C1428EGA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Candelaria Sanchez Fernandez
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular Aplicada, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Químicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Misiones, Posadas, Argentina
| | - Hebe Ferreyra
- Global Health Program, Wildlife Conservation Society, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Marcela Uhart
- One Health Institute, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Ilaria Agostini
- Instituto de Biología Subtropical (IBS), Universidad Nacional de Misiones (UNaM), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científcas y Técnicas (CONICET), Puerto Iguazú, Argentina
| | - Leslie A Knapp
- Department of Anthropology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
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18
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Oliveira HSBD, Araujo PPD, Sousa JRPD, Donis ACG, Moreira D, Makssoudian A. Serious adverse event: late neurotropic disease associated with yellow fever vaccine. EINSTEIN-SAO PAULO 2020; 18:eRC5041. [PMID: 32074223 PMCID: PMC7018092 DOI: 10.31744/einstein_journal/2020rc5041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The yellow fever is a systemic disease that was under control due to the effective campaigns against the vector and promotion of vaccines programs. However, since 1999, outbreaks appeared because of inefficient control of the vector, and led to the need of amplifying the immunization in large scale against the yellow fever virus, and consequently, raising the risk of adverse reactions to the vaccine. We report a case of previously healthy infant, who was referred to our care service, after 3 days with fever, chills, nausea and vomits, he received support therapy and was discharged from the hospital. After 24 hours of supportive measures, he was discharge. The patient returned to our service with general condition decline, strabismus, inability to control of cervical musculature and reduced force of the legs. The patient vaccine had received all vaccines from the calendar, and he was vaccinated for yellow fever 20 days before symptoms. During the hospitalization, liquor was collected, and ceftriaxone and aciclovir were administered. After negative cultures from the liquor, the antibiotics were suspended. The computed tomography of patient’s brain showed no alterations. Research for antibodies against yellow fever was requested, being positive for IgM in the liquor, and confirming the neurotropic disease associated with the yellow fever vaccine. On the fifth day of hospitalization, the patient showed improvement on the strabismus, cervical tonus, and musculature force. On the tenth day of hospitalization, patient showed complete improvement, and his laboratory exams no alterations. Subsequently, patient was discharged. The vaccine against yellow fever is safe, efficient and highly recommended, however it is not completely free from serious adverse reactions, including death.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Deise Moreira
- Hospital Geral de Carapicuíba, Carapicuíba, SP, Brazil
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19
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Parker C, Ramirez D, Connelly CR. State-wide survey of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) in Florida. JOURNAL OF VECTOR ECOLOGY : JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR VECTOR ECOLOGY 2019; 44:210-215. [PMID: 31729793 DOI: 10.1111/jvec.12351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus are invasive mosquito species with geographic ranges that have oscillated within Florida since their presence was first documented. Local transmission of dengue, chikungunya, and Zika viruses serves as evidence of the public health importance of these two species. It is important to have detailed knowledge of their distribution to aid in mosquito control efforts and understand the risk of arbovirus transmission to humans. Through a partnership involving the University of Florida Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences Cooperative Extension Service and the Florida Medical Entomology Laboratory; the Florida Department of Health; and mosquito control agencies throughout Florida, a container mosquito surveillance program involving all life stages was launched in the summer of 2016 to detect the presence of Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus. Results from this survey were mapped to provide a picture of the current known distribution of Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus in Florida. Aedes aegypti and/or Ae. albopictus were detected in the 56 counties that were part of the survey. Only Aedes albopictus was detected in 26 counties, primarily in the panhandle region of Florida. The results of this work underscore the importance of maintaining container mosquito surveillance in a state where chikungunya, dengue, and Zika viruses are present and where there is continued risk for exotic arbovirus introductions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Casey Parker
- University of Florida, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Florida Medical Entomology Laboratory, 200 9th Street SE, Vero Beach, FL 32962, U.S.A
| | - Daviela Ramirez
- University of Florida, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Florida Medical Entomology Laboratory, 200 9th Street SE, Vero Beach, FL 32962, U.S.A
| | - C Roxanne Connelly
- University of Florida, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Florida Medical Entomology Laboratory, 200 9th Street SE, Vero Beach, FL 32962, U.S.A
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Division of Vector Borne Diseases, 3156 Rampart Road, Ft. Collins, CO 80521, U.S.A
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20
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Vianello S, Silva de Souza G, Maia M, Belfort R, de Oliveira Dias JR. Ocular Findings in Yellow Fever Infection. JAMA Ophthalmol 2019; 137:300-304. [PMID: 30629101 DOI: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2018.6408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Importance Yellow fever virus (YFV) is a reemerging, potentially lethal arboviral disease that has been occurring recently in Africa and South America. Poor levels of immunization have facilitated the viral spread in southeastern Brazil, leading to an unprecedented outbreak that started in late 2016. Although human cases have been linked to sylvatic mosquitoes, the concern is that YFV may spread to urban centers infested with Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquitoes and start a true urban cycle. Objective To describe the ocular findings in patients with acute YFV infection. Design, Setting, Participants Two adults with an acute YFV infection in southeastern Brazil underwent an ophthalmologic and ocular ultrasonographic examination in early 2018. Main Outcomes and Measures Ocular findings in patients with acute YFV infection. Results Both patients presented with increased choroidal thickness bilaterally seen on ocular ultrasonography. A man in his late 50s who had not been vaccinated previously also presented with bilateral, midperipheral, 360° choroidal detachment and yellowish subretinal lesions. After clinical deterioration and liver transplant, the man died. A woman in her early 30s who had been vaccinated previously for YFV presented with increased retinal venous congestion bilaterally. She was discharged with mild conjunctival chemosis and icterus. Conclusions and Relevance These reports describe different patterns of ocular findings associated with YFV acute infection. However, the exact mechanism involved in the retinal and choroidal findings remains unclear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvana Vianello
- Centro de Estudo da Visão, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil.,Vision Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Paulista Medical School, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gláucio Silva de Souza
- Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Juiz de Fora, Department of General Surgery, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Maurício Maia
- Vision Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Paulista Medical School, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Brazilian Institute of Fight Against Blindness, Assis and Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rubens Belfort
- Vision Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Paulista Medical School, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - João Rafael de Oliveira Dias
- Vision Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Paulista Medical School, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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21
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Murad S, Fuller S, Menary J, Moore C, Pinneh E, Szeto T, Hitzeroth I, Freire M, Taychakhoonavudh S, Phoolcharoen W, Ma JKC. Molecular Pharming for low and middle income countries. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2019; 61:53-59. [PMID: 31751895 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2019.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Interest in applications and benefits that Molecular Pharming might offer to Low and Middle Income Countries has always been a potent driver for the research discipline, and a major reason why many scientists entered the field. Although enthusiasm remains high, the reality is that such a game-changing innovation would always take longer than traditional uptake of new technology in developed countries, and be complicated by external factors beyond technical feasibility. Excitingly, signs of increasing interest by LMICS in Molecular Pharming are now emerging. Here, three case studies from Thailand, South Africa and Brazil are used to identify some of the key issues when a new investment into Molecular Pharming manufacturing capacity is under consideration. At present, academic research is not necessarily addressing these issues. Only by understanding the concerns, can members of the academic community contribute to helping the development of Molecular Pharming for LMICs by focusing their research efforts appropriately.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheeba Murad
- Institute for Infection and Immunity, St. George's University of London, SW18 0RE, London, UK
| | - Sebastian Fuller
- Institute for Infection and Immunity, St. George's University of London, SW18 0RE, London, UK
| | - Jonathan Menary
- Institute for Infection and Immunity, St. George's University of London, SW18 0RE, London, UK
| | - Cathy Moore
- Institute for Infection and Immunity, St. George's University of London, SW18 0RE, London, UK
| | - Elizabeth Pinneh
- Institute for Infection and Immunity, St. George's University of London, SW18 0RE, London, UK
| | - Tim Szeto
- Institute for Infection and Immunity, St. George's University of London, SW18 0RE, London, UK
| | - Inga Hitzeroth
- Biopharming Research Unit, Molecular & Cell Biology Department, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Marcos Freire
- Instituto de Tecnologia em Imunobiológicos, Bio-Manguinhos, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Suthira Taychakhoonavudh
- Department of Social and Administrative Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Waranyoo Phoolcharoen
- Research Unit for Plant-produced Pharmaceuticals, Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Julian K-C Ma
- Institute for Infection and Immunity, St. George's University of London, SW18 0RE, London, UK.
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22
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Campi-Azevedo AC, Peruhype-Magalhāes V, Coelho-Dos-Reis JG, Antonelli LR, Costa-Pereira C, Speziali E, Reis LR, Lemos JA, Ribeiro JGL, Bastos Camacho LA, de Sousa Maia MDL, Barbosa de Lima SM, Simões M, de Menezes Martins R, Homma A, Cota Malaquias LC, Tauil PL, Costa Vasconcelos PF, Martins Romano AP, Domingues CM, Teixeira-Carvalho A, Martins-Filho OA. 17DD Yellow Fever Revaccination and Heightened Long-Term Immunity in Populations of Disease-Endemic Areas, Brazil. Emerg Infect Dis 2019; 25:1511-1521. [PMID: 31298654 PMCID: PMC6649311 DOI: 10.3201/eid2508.181432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
We evaluated the duration of neutralizing antibodies and the status of 17DD vaccine–specific T- and B-cell memory following primary and revaccination regimens for yellow fever (YF) in Brazil. We observed progressive decline of plaque-reduction neutralization test (PRNT) seropositivity and of the levels of effector memory CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, as well as interferon-γ+CD8+ T cells, 10 years after primary vaccination. Revaccination restored PRNT seropositivity as well as the levels of effector memory CD4+, CD8+, and interferon-γ+CD8+ T cells. Moreover, secondary or multiple vaccinations guarantee long-term persistence of PRNT positivity and cell-mediated memory 10 years after booster vaccination. These findings support the relevance of booster doses to heighten the 17DD-YF–specific immune response to guarantee the long-term persistence of memory components. Secondary or multiple vaccinations improved the correlates of protection triggered by 17DD-YF primary vaccination, indicating that booster regimens are needed to achieve efficient immunity in areas with high risk for virus transmission.
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23
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Lopes RL, Pinto JR, Silva Junior GBD, Santos AKT, Souza MTO, Daher EDF. Kidney involvement in yellow fever: a review. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 2019; 61:e35. [PMID: 31340247 PMCID: PMC6648004 DOI: 10.1590/s1678-9946201961035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Yellow fever is one of the most important mosquito-borne diseases, which still affects a significant number of people every year, mainly in tropical countries. Mortality can be high, even with intensive treatment due to multiple organ failure, including acute kidney injury (AKI). This disease can also be a burden on the health care system in developing countries, without mentioning the number of lives that could be spared with an early diagnosis and adequate monitoring and treatment. The pathophysiology of yellow fever-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) is still to be completely understood, and the best clinical approach has not yet been determined. This manuscript presents the most recent scientific evidence of kidney involvement in yellow fever, since AKI plays an important role in the mortality rate. Recent outbreaks have occurred in Brazil and further studies are required to provide a better clinical control for patients with yellow fever.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Lima Lopes
- Canadian College of Microbiologists. Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | - Geraldo Bezerra da Silva Junior
- Universidade de Fortaleza, Curso de Medicina, Programas de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Coletiva e Ciências Médicas, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | | | | | - Elizabeth De Francesco Daher
- Universidade Federal do Ceará, Faculdade de Medicina, Departamento de Medicina Clínica, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Médicas, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
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da Costa-Rocha IA, Campi-Azevedo AC, Peruhype-Magalhães V, Coelho-dos-Reis JG, Fradico JRB, Souza-Lopes T, Reis LR, Freire LC, Costa-Pereira C, Mambrini JVDM, Maia MDLDS, de Lima SMB, de Noronha TG, Xavier JR, Camacho LAB, de Albuquerque EM, Farias RHG, de Castro TDM, Homma A, Romano APM, Domingues CM, Martins RDM, Teixeira-Carvalho A, Martins-Filho OA. Duration of Humoral and Cellular Immunity 8 Years After Administration of Reduced Doses of the 17DD-Yellow Fever Vaccine. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1211. [PMID: 31293563 PMCID: PMC6598206 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aims to determine whether 17DD-YF-specific humoral and cellular immunological memory is maintained 8-years after primary vaccination with subdoses (10,447IU;3,013IU;587IU;158IU;31IU). For this purpose, this follow-up study was carried out in a subset of volunteers (n = 98) originally enrolled in the dose-response study in 2009 and 46 non-vaccinated controls. Our results demonstrated that vaccinees, who had seroconverted following primary vaccination and had not been revaccinated, present similar neutralizing antibodies levels and YF-specific cellular memory, particularly CMCD4 and EMCD8 as compared to the reference full dose (27,476IU). Although, PRNT seropositivity rates were similar across subgroups (94, 82, 83, 94, 80, and 91%, correspondingly), only doses above 587IU elicited similar iterative proportion of seropositivity rates, calculated as a progressive decrease on seropositivity rates along time (89, 80, 80, and 91%, respectively) as compared to 158IU and 31IU (68 and 46%, respectively). Noteworthy were the strong positive correlations ("EMCD4,EMCD8" and "TNFCD8,IFNCD8") observed in most subdoses, except for 31IU. Major similarities underscored the preserved antibody titers and the outstanding levels of EMCD8, relevant correlates of protection for YF-specific immunity. These findings provide evidences to support the regular use of dose sparing strategy for YF vaccine in adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismael Artur da Costa-Rocha
- Grupo Integrado de Pesquisas em Biomarcadores, Instituto René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz – FIOCRUZ-Minas, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Campi-Azevedo
- Grupo Integrado de Pesquisas em Biomarcadores, Instituto René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz – FIOCRUZ-Minas, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Peruhype-Magalhães
- Grupo Integrado de Pesquisas em Biomarcadores, Instituto René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz – FIOCRUZ-Minas, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Jordana Grazziela Coelho-dos-Reis
- Grupo Integrado de Pesquisas em Biomarcadores, Instituto René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz – FIOCRUZ-Minas, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
- Laboratório de Virologia Básica e Aplicada, Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | - Thalles Souza-Lopes
- Grupo Integrado de Pesquisas em Biomarcadores, Instituto René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz – FIOCRUZ-Minas, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Laise Rodrigues Reis
- Grupo Integrado de Pesquisas em Biomarcadores, Instituto René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz – FIOCRUZ-Minas, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Larissa Chaves Freire
- Grupo Integrado de Pesquisas em Biomarcadores, Instituto René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz – FIOCRUZ-Minas, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Christiane Costa-Pereira
- Grupo Integrado de Pesquisas em Biomarcadores, Instituto René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz – FIOCRUZ-Minas, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Juliana Vaz de Melo Mambrini
- Núcleo de Estudos em Saúde Pública e Envelhecimento, Instituto René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz – FIOCRUZ-Minas, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | - Sheila Maria Barbosa de Lima
- Laboratório de Tecnologia Virológica, Instituto de Tecnologia em Imunobiológicos Bio-Manguinhos – FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Janaina Reis Xavier
- Assessoria Clínica, Instituto de Tecnologia em Imunobiológicos Bio-Manguinhos – FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Luiz Antonio Bastos Camacho
- Departamento de Epidemiologia e Métodos Quantitativos em Saúde - Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública – FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | - Thalita da Matta de Castro
- Assessoria Clínica, Instituto de Tecnologia em Imunobiológicos Bio-Manguinhos – FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Akira Homma
- Assessoria Clínica, Instituto de Tecnologia em Imunobiológicos Bio-Manguinhos – FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Carla Magda Domingues
- Departamento de Vigilância das Doenças Transmissíveis, Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde, Ministério da Saúde, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Reinaldo de Menezes Martins
- Assessoria Clínica, Instituto de Tecnologia em Imunobiológicos Bio-Manguinhos – FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Andréa Teixeira-Carvalho
- Grupo Integrado de Pesquisas em Biomarcadores, Instituto René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz – FIOCRUZ-Minas, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Olindo Assis Martins-Filho
- Grupo Integrado de Pesquisas em Biomarcadores, Instituto René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz – FIOCRUZ-Minas, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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Siconelli MJL, Espósito DLA, Moraes NC, Ribeiro JM, Perles L, Dias MA, Carvalho AAB, Werther K, Fernandes NCCDA, Iglezias SD, Bürger KP, da Fonseca BAL. The Importance of Coordinated Actions in Preventing the Spread of Yellow Fever to Human Populations: The Experience from the 2016-2017 Yellow Fever Outbreak in the Northeastern Region of São Paulo State. THE CANADIAN JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES & MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY = JOURNAL CANADIEN DES MALADIES INFECTIEUSES ET DE LA MICROBIOLOGIE MEDICALE 2019; 2019:9464768. [PMID: 31236149 PMCID: PMC6545802 DOI: 10.1155/2019/9464768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Revised: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Yellow fever (YF) is a zoonotic arthropod-borne disease that is caused by the yellow fever virus (YFV) and characterized by a sylvatic and urban cycle. Its most severe presentation is manifested as a hemorrhagic disease, and it has been responsible for thousands of deaths in the last decades. This study describes the public health approaches taken to control the 2016-2017 YF outbreak in nonhuman primates (NHPs) that took place in the northeastern region of São Paulo state, Brazil. NHPs recovered from the field were necropsied, and YF diagnoses were made at the Laboratory of Molecular Virology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School and the Center of Pathology, Adolfo Lutz Institute of São Paulo. NHP samples were inoculated into Vero cells for YFV isolation. RNA extraction was performed directly from NHP tissues and tested by RT-qPCR. YFV-positive samples were confirmed by sequencing. Based on the rapid RT-qPCR results, surveillance actions were implemented in the entire region. Confirmatory histopathology and immunohistochemistry for YFV were also performed. Among nine NHPs, gross hepatic involvement was observed in six animals, five of which were YFV-RT-qPCR-positive. One YFV was isolated from the serum of an infant NHP. YFV RNA sequences diverged from the virus responsible for the last epizootic that occurred in São Paulo state, but it was similar to the current Brazilian epizootic. Public health actions included dissemination of information on YF transmission, investigation of the probable location of NHP infection, characterization of the environment, and subsequent creation of the blueprint from which prevention and control measures were implemented. The YFV sylvatic cycle occurred in the periurban areas of the northeastern region of São Paulo state, but no human cases were reported during this period, showing that integrated actions between human, animal, and environmental health professionals were critical to restrain the virus to the sylvatic cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Márcio Junio Lima Siconelli
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo FMRP/USP, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Vila Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, 14049-900 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Danillo Lucas Alves Espósito
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo FMRP/USP, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Vila Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, 14049-900 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Nathália Cristina Moraes
- Veterinary Preventive Medicine and Animal Reproduction Department, Faculty of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (FCAV/Unesp), Access Way Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane s/n, Jaboticabal, 14884-900 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Julia Maria Ribeiro
- Animal Pathology Department, Faculty of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (FCAV/Unesp), Access Way Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane s/n, Jaboticabal, 14884-900 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lívia Perles
- Animal Pathology Department, Faculty of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (FCAV/Unesp), Access Way Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane s/n, Jaboticabal, 14884-900 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria Angélica Dias
- Municipal Health Secretary, Av. General Glicério, 569, Center, Jaboticabal, 14870-520 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Adolorata Aparecida Bianco Carvalho
- Veterinary Preventive Medicine and Animal Reproduction Department, Faculty of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (FCAV/Unesp), Access Way Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane s/n, Jaboticabal, 14884-900 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Karin Werther
- Animal Pathology Department, Faculty of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (FCAV/Unesp), Access Way Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane s/n, Jaboticabal, 14884-900 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Natália Coelho Couto de Azevedo Fernandes
- Nucleus of Pathological Anatomy, Pathology Center, Adolfo Lutz Institute of São Paulo, State Secretary of Health, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 351, 7° Floor, 01246-902 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Silvia D'Andretta Iglezias
- Nucleus of Pathological Anatomy, Pathology Center, Adolfo Lutz Institute of São Paulo, State Secretary of Health, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 351, 7° Floor, 01246-902 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Karina Paes Bürger
- Veterinary Preventive Medicine and Animal Reproduction Department, Faculty of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (FCAV/Unesp), Access Way Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane s/n, Jaboticabal, 14884-900 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Benedito Antonio Lopes da Fonseca
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo FMRP/USP, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Vila Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, 14049-900 São Paulo, Brazil
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26
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de Abreu FVS, Delatorre E, dos Santos AAC, Ferreira-de-Brito A, de Castro MG, Ribeiro IP, Furtado ND, Vargas WP, Ribeiro MS, Meneguete P, Bonaldo MC, Bello G, Lourenço-de-Oliveira R. Combination of surveillance tools reveals that Yellow Fever virus can remain in the same Atlantic Forest area at least for three transmission seasons. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2019; 114:e190076. [PMID: 31038550 PMCID: PMC6489371 DOI: 10.1590/0074-02760190076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In Brazil, the Yellow Fever virus (YFV) is endemic in the Amazon, from where it eventually expands into epidemic waves. Coastal south-eastern (SE) Brazil, which has been a YFV-free region for eight decades, has reported a severe sylvatic outbreak since 2016. The virus spread from the north toward the south of the Rio de Janeiro (RJ) state, causing 307 human cases with 105 deaths during the 2016-2017 and 2017-2018 transmission seasons. It is unclear, however, whether the YFV would persist in the coastal Atlantic Forest of RJ during subsequent transmission seasons. OBJECTIVES To conduct a real-time surveillance and assess the potential persistence of YFV in the coastal Atlantic Forest of RJ during the 2018-2019 transmission season. METHODS We combined epizootic surveillance with fast diagnostic and molecular, phylogenetic, and evolutionary analyses. FINDINGS Using this integrative strategy, we detected the first evidence of YFV re-emergence in the third transmission season (2018-2019) in a dying howler monkey from the central region of the RJ state. The YFV detected in 2019 has the molecular signature associated with the current SE YFV outbreak and exhibited a close phylogenetic relationship with the YFV lineage that circulated in the same Atlantic Forest fragment during the past seasons. This lineage circulated along the coastal side of the Serra do Mar mountain chain, and its evolution seems to be mainly driven by genetic drift. The potential bridge vector Aedes albopictus was found probing on the recently dead howler monkey in the forest edge, very close to urban areas. MAIN CONCLUSIONS Collectively, our data revealed that YFV transmission persisted at the same Atlantic Forest area for at least three consecutive transmission seasons without the need of new introductions. Our real-time surveillance strategy permitted health authorities to take preventive actions within 48 h after the detection of the sick non-human primate. The local virus persistence and the proximity of the epizootic forest to urban areas reinforces the concern with regards to the risk of re-urbanisation and seasonal re-emergence of YFV, stressing the need for continuous effective surveillance and high vaccination coverage in the SE region, particularly in RJ, an important tourist location.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filipe Vieira Santos de Abreu
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Laboratório
de Mosquitos Transmissores de Hematozoários, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
- Instituto Federal do Norte de Minas Gerais, Salinas, MG,
Brasil
| | - Edson Delatorre
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Laboratório
de Genética Molecular de Microorganismos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | | | - Anielly Ferreira-de-Brito
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Laboratório
de Mosquitos Transmissores de Hematozoários, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Márcia Gonçalves de Castro
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Laboratório
de Mosquitos Transmissores de Hematozoários, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Ieda Pereira Ribeiro
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Laboratório
de Biologia Molecular de Flavivírus, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Nathália Dias Furtado
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Laboratório
de Biologia Molecular de Flavivírus, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Waldemir Paixão Vargas
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública,
Departamento de Endemias Samuel Pessoa, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Mário Sérgio Ribeiro
- Secretaria de Estado de Saúde, Superintendência de Vigilância
Epidemiológica e Ambiental, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Patrícia Meneguete
- Secretaria de Estado de Saúde, Superintendência de Vigilância
Epidemiológica e Ambiental, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Myrna Cristina Bonaldo
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Laboratório
de Biologia Molecular de Flavivírus, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Gonzalo Bello
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Laboratório
de AIDS e Imunologia Molecular, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Ricardo Lourenço-de-Oliveira
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Laboratório
de Mosquitos Transmissores de Hematozoários, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
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Moussallem TM, Gava C, Ardisson KS, Marques CS, Graceli GC, Koski ADPV, Almada GL, da Silva AR, de Jesus FAA, Rodrigues GAP, da Silva TCC. Yellow fever outbreak in a rural-urban mixed community of Espírito Santo, Brazil: epidemiological aspects. Rev Panam Salud Publica 2019; 43:e29. [PMID: 31093253 PMCID: PMC6519667 DOI: 10.26633/rpsp.2019.29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective. To describe the epidemiological aspects of an outbreak of yellow fever (YF) that occurred in the state of Espírito Santo, Brazil, from 1 January 2017 – 31 July 2017. Methods. A descriptive, quantitative, retrospective approach analyzed secondary data obtained from the national notification systems, Information System of Diseases Notifications (SINAN), Laboratory Environment Manager (GAL), and the Espírito Santo Health Secretariat (SESA). Results. From 1 January 2017 – 8 July 2017, a total of 824 cases were reported in Espírito Santo, 307 (37%) of which were confirmed as YF. Of these, 95 (30.9%) died from the disease. Men were those most affected, corresponding to 244 (79.5%) cases, and women to 63 (20.5%) cases. The greatest incidence rate registered was in the city of Santa Leopoldina (380.2 cases/100 000 inhabitants). The outbreak evolved rapidly and a response was possible due to a multidisciplinary group created specifically to tackle the YF outbreak. Conclusions. The data were received and analyzed quickly and the response, consisting of immediate treatment of the cases and a blocking vaccination strategy, was developed to halt the progression of this fatal disease. In spite of these efforts, the case fatality rate of yellow fever remained high.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tálib Moysés Moussallem
- Espírito Santo State Health Secretariat Espírito Santo State Health Secretariat Special Center for Epidemiological Surveillance VitóriaEspírito Santo Brazil Special Center for Epidemiological Surveillance, Espírito Santo State Health Secretariat, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Caroline Gava
- Oswaldo Cruz Foundation Oswaldo Cruz Foundation Sergio Arouca National School of Public Health Rio de JaneiroRio de Janeiro Brazil Sergio Arouca National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Karla Spandl Ardisson
- Espírito Santo State Health Secretariat Espírito Santo State Health Secretariat Center for Strategic Information and Responses in Health Surveillance VitóriaEspírito Santo Brazil Center for Strategic Information and Responses in Health Surveillance, Espírito Santo State Health Secretariat, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Clemilda Soares Marques
- Espírito Santo State Health Secretariat Espírito Santo State Health Secretariat Center for Strategic Information and Responses in Health Surveillance VitóriaEspírito Santo Brazil Center for Strategic Information and Responses in Health Surveillance, Espírito Santo State Health Secretariat, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Giselle Calmon Graceli
- Espírito Santo State Health Secretariat Espírito Santo State Health Secretariat Special Center for Epidemiological Surveillance VitóriaEspírito Santo Brazil Special Center for Epidemiological Surveillance, Espírito Santo State Health Secretariat, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Aline da Penha Valadares Koski
- Espírito Santo State Health Secretariat Espírito Santo State Health Secretariat Special Center for Epidemiological Surveillance VitóriaEspírito Santo Brazil Special Center for Epidemiological Surveillance, Espírito Santo State Health Secretariat, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Gilton Luiz Almada
- Espírito Santo State Health Secretariat Espírito Santo State Health Secretariat Center for Strategic Information and Responses in Health Surveillance VitóriaEspírito Santo Brazil Center for Strategic Information and Responses in Health Surveillance, Espírito Santo State Health Secretariat, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Rodrigues da Silva
- Espírito Santo State Health Secretariat Espírito Santo State Health Secretariat Dório Silva Hospital SerraEspírito Santo Brazil Dório Silva Hospital, Espírito Santo State Health Secretariat, Serra, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Fernando Antonio Alves de Jesus
- Espírito Santo State Health Secretariat Espírito Santo State Health Secretariat Dório Silva Hospital SerraEspírito Santo Brazil Dório Silva Hospital, Espírito Santo State Health Secretariat, Serra, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Gilsa Aparecida Pimenta Rodrigues
- Espírito Santo State Health Secretariat Espírito Santo State Health Secretariat Health Surveillance Management VitóriaEspírito Santo Brazil Health Surveillance Management, Espírito Santo State Health Secretariat, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Theresa Cristina Cardoso da Silva
- Espírito Santo State Health Secretariat Espírito Santo State Health Secretariat Special Center for Epidemiological Surveillance VitóriaEspírito Santo Brazil Special Center for Epidemiological Surveillance, Espírito Santo State Health Secretariat, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil
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28
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de Almeida MAB, Dos Santos E, Cardoso JDC, da Silva LG, Rabelo RM, Bicca-Marques JC. Predicting Yellow Fever Through Species Distribution Modeling of Virus, Vector, and Monkeys. ECOHEALTH 2019; 16:95-108. [PMID: 30560394 DOI: 10.1007/s10393-018-1388-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Revised: 10/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Mapping yellow fever (YF) risk is often based on place of infection of human cases, whereas the circulation between nonhuman primates (NHP) and vectors is neglected. In 2008/2009, YF devastated NHP at the southern limit of the disease in the Americas. In view of the recent expansion of YF in Brazil, we modeled the environmental suitability for YF with data from 2008/2009 epizootic, the distribution of NHP (Alouatta spp.), and the mosquito (Haemagogus leucocelaenus) using the maximum entropy algorithm (Maxent) to define risk areas for YF and their main environmental predictors. We evaluated points of occurrence of YF based on dates of confirmed deaths of NHP in three periods, from October 2008 to: December 2008, March 2009, and June 2009. Variables with greatest influence on suitability for YF were seasonality in water vapor pressure (36%), distribution of NHP (32%), maximum wind speed (11%), annual mean rainfall (7%), and maximum temperature in the warmest month (5%). Models of early periods of the epizootic identified suitability for YF in localities that recorded NHP deaths only months later, demonstrating usefulness of the approach for predicting the disease spread. Our data supported influence of rainfall, air humidity, and ambient temperature on the distribution of epizootics. Wind was highlighted as a predicting variable, probably due to its influence on the dispersal of vectors infected with YF in fragmented landscapes. Further studies on the role of wind are necessary to improve our understanding of the occurrence of YF and other arboviruses and their dispersal in the landscape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco A B de Almeida
- Divisão de Vigilância Ambiental em Saúde, Centro Estadual de Vigilância em Saúde, Secretaria da Saúde do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Avenida Ipiranga 5400/Sala 95, Bairro Jardim Botânico, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, CEP 90610-030, Brazil.
- Escola de Ciências, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
| | - Edmilson Dos Santos
- Divisão de Vigilância Ambiental em Saúde, Centro Estadual de Vigilância em Saúde, Secretaria da Saúde do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Avenida Ipiranga 5400/Sala 95, Bairro Jardim Botânico, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, CEP 90610-030, Brazil
| | - Jáder da C Cardoso
- Divisão de Vigilância Ambiental em Saúde, Centro Estadual de Vigilância em Saúde, Secretaria da Saúde do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Avenida Ipiranga 5400/Sala 95, Bairro Jardim Botânico, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, CEP 90610-030, Brazil
| | - Lucas G da Silva
- Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Rafael M Rabelo
- Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | - Júlio César Bicca-Marques
- Escola de Ciências, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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29
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Öhlund P, Lundén H, Blomström AL. Insect-specific virus evolution and potential effects on vector competence. Virus Genes 2019; 55:127-137. [PMID: 30632016 PMCID: PMC6458977 DOI: 10.1007/s11262-018-01629-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The advancement in high-throughput sequencing technology and bioinformatics tools has spurred a new age of viral discovery. Arthropods is the largest group of animals and has shown to be a major reservoir of different viruses, including a group known as insect-specific viruses (ISVs). The majority of known ISVs have been isolated from mosquitoes and shown to belong to viral families associated with animal arbovirus pathogens, such as Flaviviridae, Togaviridae and Phenuiviridae. These insect-specific viruses have a strict tropism and are unable to replicate in vertebrate cells, these properties are interesting for many reasons. One is that these viruses could potentially be utilised as biocontrol agents using a similar strategy as for Wolbachia. Mosquitoes infected with the viral agent could have inferior vectorial capacity of arboviruses resulting in a decrease of circulating arboviruses of public health importance. Moreover, insect-specific viruses are thought to be ancestral to arboviruses and could be used to study the evolution of the switch from single-host to dual-host. In this review, we discuss new discoveries and hypothesis in the field of arboviruses and insect-specific viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pontus Öhlund
- Section of Virology, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Veterinary Public Health, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7028, 750 07, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Hanna Lundén
- Section of Virology, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Veterinary Public Health, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7028, 750 07, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Anne-Lie Blomström
- Section of Virology, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Veterinary Public Health, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7028, 750 07, Uppsala, Sweden.
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30
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de Abreu FVS, Ribeiro IP, Ferreira-de-Brito A, dos Santos AAC, de Miranda RM, Bonelly IDS, Neves MSAS, Bersot MI, dos Santos TP, Gomes MQ, da Silva JL, Romano APM, Carvalho RG, Said RFDC, Ribeiro MS, Laperrière RDC, Fonseca EOL, Falqueto A, Paupy C, Failloux AB, Moutailler S, de Castro MG, Gómez MM, Motta MDA, Bonaldo MC, Lourenço-de-Oliveira R. Haemagogus leucocelaenus and Haemagogus janthinomys are the primary vectors in the major yellow fever outbreak in Brazil, 2016-2018. Emerg Microbes Infect 2019; 8:218-231. [PMID: 30866775 PMCID: PMC6455131 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2019.1568180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Revised: 12/27/2018] [Accepted: 01/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The yellow fever virus (YFV) caused a severe outbreak in Brazil in 2016-2018 that rapidly spread across the Atlantic Forest in its most populated region without viral circulation for almost 80 years. A comprehensive entomological survey combining analysis of distribution, abundance and YFV natural infection in mosquitoes captured before and during the outbreak was conducted in 44 municipalities of five Brazilian states. In total, 17,662 mosquitoes of 89 species were collected. Before evidence of virus circulation, mosquitoes were tested negative but traditional vectors were alarmingly detected in 82% of municipalities, revealing high receptivity to sylvatic transmission. During the outbreak, five species were found positive in 42% of municipalities. Haemagogus janthinomys and Hg. leucocelaenus are considered the primary vectors due to their large distribution combined with high abundance and natural infection rates, concurring together for the rapid spread and severity of this outbreak. Aedes taeniorhynchus was found infected for the first time, but like Sabethes chloropterus and Aedes scapularis, it appears to have a potential local or secondary role because of their low abundance, distribution and infection rates. There was no evidence of YFV transmission by Aedes albopictus and Aedes aegypti, although the former was the most widespread species across affected municipalities, presenting an important overlap between the niches of the sylvatic vectors and the anthropic ones. The definition of receptive areas, expansion of vaccination in the most affected age group and exposed populations and the adoption of universal vaccination to the entire Brazilian population need to be urgently implemented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filipe Vieira Santos de Abreu
- Laboratório de Mosquitos Transmissores de Hematozoários, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- Instituto Federal do Norte de Minas Gerais, Salinas, MG, Brazil
| | - Ieda Pereira Ribeiro
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular de Flavivírus, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Anielly Ferreira-de-Brito
- Laboratório de Mosquitos Transmissores de Hematozoários, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Rafaella Moraes de Miranda
- Laboratório de Mosquitos Transmissores de Hematozoários, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Iule de Souza Bonelly
- Laboratório de Mosquitos Transmissores de Hematozoários, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Maria Ignez Bersot
- Laboratório de Mosquitos Transmissores de Hematozoários, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Marcelo Quintela Gomes
- Laboratório de Mosquitos Transmissores de Hematozoários, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - José Luis da Silva
- Gerência de Estudos e Pesquisas em Antropozoonoses, Secretaria Estadual de Saúde, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Alessandro Pecego Martins Romano
- Coordenação Geral de Vigilância das Doenças Transmissíveis, Departamento de Vigilância das Doenças Transmissíveis, Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde, Ministério da Saúde, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Roberta Gomes Carvalho
- Departamento de Saúde Ambiental e Saúde do Trabalhador, Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde, Ministério da Saúde, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | | | - Mario Sergio Ribeiro
- Superintendência de Vigilância Epidemiológica e Ambiental, Secretaria Estadual de Saúde, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Roberto da Costa Laperrière
- Núcleo Especial de Vigilância Ambiental, Secretaria Estadual de Saúde do Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | | | | | - Christophe Paupy
- MIVEGEC Laboratory, IRD-CNRS Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Sara Moutailler
- UMR BIPAR, Animal Health Laboratory, ANSES, INRA, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, Université Paris-Est, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Marcia Gonçalves de Castro
- Laboratório de Mosquitos Transmissores de Hematozoários, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Mariela Martínez Gómez
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular de Flavivírus, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Myrna Cristina Bonaldo
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular de Flavivírus, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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31
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Waggoner JJ, Rojas A, Pinsky BA. Yellow Fever Virus: Diagnostics for a Persistent Arboviral Threat. J Clin Microbiol 2018; 56:e00827-18. [PMID: 30021822 PMCID: PMC6156298 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.00827-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Yellow fever (YF) is the prototypical hemorrhagic fever and results from infection with yellow fever virus (YFV), which is endemic to regions of Africa and South America. Despite the availability of an effective vaccine, YFV continues to cause disease throughout regions where it is endemic, including intermittent large outbreaks among undervaccinated populations. A number of diagnostic methods and assays have been described for the detection of YFV infection, including viral culture, molecular testing, serology, and antigen detection. Commercial diagnostics are not widely available, and testing is generally performed at a small number of reference laboratories. The goal of this article, therefore, is to review available clinical diagnostics for YFV, which may not be familiar to many practitioners outside areas where it is endemic. Additionally, we identify gaps in our current knowledge about YF that pertain to diagnosis and describe interventions that may improve YFV detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesse J Waggoner
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Alejandra Rojas
- Departamento de Producción, Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Nacional de Asunción, Asunción, Paraguay
| | - Benjamin A Pinsky
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
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32
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Kaul RB, Evans MV, Murdock CC, Drake JM. Spatio-temporal spillover risk of yellow fever in Brazil. Parasit Vectors 2018; 11:488. [PMID: 30157908 PMCID: PMC6116573 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-018-3063-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Yellow fever virus is a mosquito-borne flavivirus that persists in an enzoonotic cycle in non-human primates (NHPs) in Brazil, causing disease in humans through spillover events. Yellow fever (YF) re-emerged in the early 2000s, spreading from the Amazon River basin towards the previously considered low-risk, southeastern region of the country. Previous methods mapping YF spillover risk do not incorporate the temporal dynamics and ecological context of the disease, and are therefore unable to predict seasonality in spatial risk across Brazil. We present the results of a bagged logistic regression predicting the propensity for YF spillover per municipality (administrative sub-district) in Brazil from environmental and demographic covariates aggregated by month. Ecological context was incorporated by creating National and Regional models of spillover dynamics, where the Regional model consisted of two separate models determined by the regions' NHP reservoir species richness (high vs low). RESULTS Of the 5560 municipalities, 82 reported YF cases from 2001 to 2013. Model accuracy was high for the National and low reservoir richness (LRR) models (AUC = 0.80), while the high reservoir richness (HRR) model accuracy was lower (AUC = 0.63). The National model predicted consistently high spillover risk in the Amazon, while the Regional model predicted strong seasonality in spillover risk. Within the Regional model, seasonality of spillover risk in the HRR region was asynchronous to the LRR region. However, the observed seasonality of spillover risk in the LRR Regional model mirrored the national model predictions. CONCLUSIONS The predicted risk of YF spillover varies with space and time. Seasonal trends differ between regions indicating, at times, spillover risk can be higher in the urban coastal regions than the Amazon River basin which is counterintuitive based on current YF risk maps. Understanding the spatio-temporal patterns of YF spillover risk could better inform allocation of public health services.
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Affiliation(s)
- RajReni B Kaul
- Center for the Ecology of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA. .,Odum School of Ecology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.
| | - Michelle V Evans
- Center for the Ecology of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.,Odum School of Ecology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Courtney C Murdock
- Center for the Ecology of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.,Odum School of Ecology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.,Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.,Center for Tropical and Global Emerging Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.,Center for Vaccines and Immunology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.,River Basin Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - John M Drake
- Center for the Ecology of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.,Odum School of Ecology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
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33
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Towards the risk of yellow fever transmission in Europe. Clin Microbiol Infect 2018; 25:10-12. [PMID: 30170135 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2018.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Revised: 08/18/2018] [Accepted: 08/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Chippaux JP, Chippaux A. Yellow fever in Africa and the Americas: a historical and epidemiological perspective. J Venom Anim Toxins Incl Trop Dis 2018; 24:20. [PMID: 30158957 PMCID: PMC6109282 DOI: 10.1186/s40409-018-0162-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Yellow fever was transported during the slave trade in the 15th and 16th centuries from Africa to the Americas where the virus encountered favorable ecological conditions that allowed creation of a sustainable sylvatic cycle. Despite effective vector control and immunization programs for nearly a century, yellow fever epidemics reemerged in many Latin American countries, particularly Brazil. The emergence or reemergence of vector-borne diseases encompasses many intricate factors. Yellow fever outbreaks occur if at least three conditions are fulfilled: the introduction of the virus into a non-immune human community, presence of competent and anthropophilic vectors and insufficiency of prevention and/or adequate management of the growing outbreak. On the other hand, two weapons are available to constrain yellow fever: vector control and immunization. In contrast, yellow fever is absent from Asia and the Pacific despite the presence of the vector and the susceptibility of human populations to the virus. Based on a review of the global history of yellow fever and its epidemiology, the authors deliver some recommendations for improving the prevention of epidemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Philippe Chippaux
- UMR216, Mother and child facing tropical diseases, PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris Descartes, Faculté de Pharmacie, Paris, France
- Centre de Recherche Translationnelle, Institut Pasteur, 28 rue du Dr Roux, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Alain Chippaux
- Société de Pathologie Exotique, Hôpital Salpêtrière, BP50082, 75622 Paris cedex 13; 18 rue Princesse, 75006 Paris, France
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35
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Klitting R, Gould EA, Paupy C, de Lamballerie X. What Does the Future Hold for Yellow Fever Virus? (I). Genes (Basel) 2018; 9:E291. [PMID: 29890711 PMCID: PMC6027470 DOI: 10.3390/genes9060291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Revised: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The recent resurgence of yellow fever virus (YFV) activity in the tropical regions of Africa and South America has sparked renewed interest in this infamous arboviral disease. Yellow fever virus had been a human plague for centuries prior to the identification of its urban transmission vector, the Aedes (Stegomyia) aegypti (Linnaeus) mosquito species, and the development of an efficient live-attenuated vaccine, the YF-17D strain. The combination of vector-control measures and vaccination campaigns drastically reduced YFV incidence in humans on many occasions, but the virus never ceased to circulate in the forest, through its sylvatic invertebrate vector(s) and vertebrate host(s). Outbreaks recently reported in Central Africa (2015⁻2016) and Brazil (since late 2016), reached considerable proportions in terms of spatial distribution and total numbers of cases, with multiple exports, including to China. In turn, questions about the likeliness of occurrence of large urban YFV outbreaks in the Americas or of a successful import of YFV to Asia are currently resurfacing. This two-part review describes the current state of knowledge and gaps regarding the molecular biology and transmission dynamics of YFV, along with an overview of the tools that can be used to manage the disease at individual, local and global levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphaëlle Klitting
- Unité des Virus Émergents (UVE: Aix-Marseille Université, IRD 190, Inserm 1207, IHU Méditerranée Infection), 13385 Marseille Cedex 05, France.
| | - Ernest A Gould
- Unité des Virus Émergents (UVE: Aix-Marseille Université, IRD 190, Inserm 1207, IHU Méditerranée Infection), 13385 Marseille Cedex 05, France.
| | - Christophe Paupy
- UMR Maladies Infectieuses et Vecteurs: Écologie, Génétique Évolution et Contrôle (MIVEGEC: IRD, CNRS, Université Montpellier), 34394 Montpellier, France.
| | - Xavier de Lamballerie
- Unité des Virus Émergents (UVE: Aix-Marseille Université, IRD 190, Inserm 1207, IHU Méditerranée Infection), 13385 Marseille Cedex 05, France.
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36
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Aps LRDMM, Piantola MAF, Pereira SA, de Castro JT, Santos FADO, Ferreira LCDS. Adverse events of vaccines and the consequences of non-vaccination: a critical review. Rev Saude Publica 2018; 52:40. [PMID: 29668817 PMCID: PMC5933943 DOI: 10.11606/s1518-8787.2018052000384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Accepted: 04/28/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the risks related to vaccines and the impacts of non-vaccination on the world population. METHODS This is a narrative review that has considered information present in the bibliographic databases NCBI-PubMed, Medline, Lilacs, and Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), between November 2015 and November 2016. For the analysis of outbreaks caused by non-vaccination, we considered the work published between 2010 and 2016. RESULTS We have described the main components of the vaccines offered by the Brazilian public health system and the adverse events associated with these elements. Except for local inflammatory reactions and rare events, such as exacerbation of autoimmune diseases and allergies, no causal relationship has been demonstrated between the administration of vaccines and autism, Alzheimer's disease, or narcolepsy. On the other hand, the lack of information and the dissemination of non-scientific information have contributed to the reemergence of infectious diseases in several countries in the world and they jeopardize global plans for the eradication of these diseases. CONCLUSIONS The population should be well informed about the benefits of vaccination and health professionals should assume the role of disseminating truthful information with scientific support on the subject, as an ethical and professional commitment to society.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sara Araujo Pereira
- Universidade de São Paulo. Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas. Departamento de Microbiologia. São Paulo, SP, Brasil
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37
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Is a dose of 17D vaccine in the current context of Yellow Fever enough? Braz J Microbiol 2018; 49:683-684. [PMID: 29588199 PMCID: PMC6066778 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjm.2018.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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38
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Koïvogui A, Carbunar A, Imounga LM, Laruade C, Laube S. Vaccination coverage among children and adolescents below 18 years of age in French Guiana: inventory and determinant factors. Public Health 2018. [PMID: 29525571 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2018.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to estimate the vaccination coverage (VC) rate in persons aged from 9 months to 18 years and to describe it according to the predictive factors of good vaccination status. STUDY DESIGN Descriptive and etiological study. METHODS The study involved 1332 persons aged below 18 years and members of 521 representative households in French Guiana. VC was estimated by the proportion of people with complete immunization for 13 vaccines (four mandatory, seven recommended, and two specific). This vaccination status was described in terms of sociodemographic characteristics. The relationship between vaccination status and predictive factors was analyzed in a hierarchical mixed, polytomic, and ordered regression model. RESULTS For compulsory vaccination, VC was 81.2% for yellow fever, 63.4% for diphtheria, 61.7% for tetanus, and 61.6% for poliomyelitis. The proportion of people with complete immunization for recommended vaccines remains well below 50% (11.7% for pneumococcus and 6.2% for meningitis). Regardless of the vaccine, respondents aged 3-7 years were 2.5 times more likely to have an up-to-date vaccination compared to respondents younger than 3 years of age (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION The VC observed in this study is still below the departmental objectives. The link between age and vaccination status could be explained by the efforts of the national education authorities to systematically check health cards for preschool and school enrollment.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Koïvogui
- Observatoire Régional de la Santé de Guyane, Cellules Etudes, 97335 Cayenne, French Guiana.
| | - A Carbunar
- Observatoire Régional de la Santé de Guyane, Cellules Etudes, 97335 Cayenne, French Guiana; Université de Guyane, Observatoire de la Vie Etudiante et de l'Insertion Professionnelle, 97337 Cayenne, French Guiana.
| | - L-M Imounga
- Observatoire Régional de la Santé de Guyane, Cellules Etudes, 97335 Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - C Laruade
- Observatoire Régional de la Santé de Guyane, Cellules Etudes, 97335 Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - S Laube
- Observatoire Régional de la Santé de Guyane, Cellules Etudes, 97335 Cayenne, French Guiana
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39
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Gómez MM, Abreu FVSD, Santos AACD, Mello ISD, Santos MP, Ribeiro IP, Ferreira-de-Brito A, Miranda RMD, Castro MGD, Ribeiro MS, Laterrière Junior RDC, Aguiar SF, Meira GLS, Antunes D, Torres PHM, Mir D, Vicente ACP, Guimarães ACR, Caffarena ER, Bello G, Lourenço-de-Oliveira R, Bonaldo MC. Genomic and structural features of the yellow fever virus from the 2016-2017 Brazilian outbreak. J Gen Virol 2018; 99:536-548. [PMID: 29469689 DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.001033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Southeastern Brazil has been suffering a rapid expansion of a severe sylvatic yellow fever virus (YFV) outbreak since late 2016, which has reached one of the most populated zones in Brazil and South America, heretofore a yellow fever-free zone for more than 70 years. In the current study, we describe the complete genome of 12 YFV samples from mosquitoes, humans and non-human primates from the Brazilian 2017 epidemic. All of the YFV sequences belong to the modern lineage (sub-lineage 1E) of South American genotype I, having been circulating for several months prior to the December 2016 detection. Our data confirm that viral strains associated with the most severe YF epidemic in South America in the last 70 years display unique amino acid substitutions that are mainly located in highly conserved positions in non-structural proteins. Our data also corroborate that YFV has spread southward into Rio de Janeiro state following two main sylvatic dispersion routes that converged at the border of the great metropolitan area comprising nearly 12 million unvaccinated inhabitants. Our original results can help public health authorities to guide the surveillance, prophylaxis and control measures required to face such a severe epidemiological problem. Finally, it will also inspire other workers to further investigate the epidemiological and biological significance of the amino acid polymorphisms detected in the Brazilian 2017 YFV strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariela Martínez Gómez
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular de Flavivírus, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Filipe Vieira Santos de Abreu
- Laboratório de Mosquitos Transmissores de Hematozoários, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Instituto Federal do Norte de Minas Gerais, Salinas, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Iasmim Silva de Mello
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular de Flavivírus, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marta Pereira Santos
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular de Flavivírus, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ieda Pereira Ribeiro
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular de Flavivírus, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Anielly Ferreira-de-Brito
- Laboratório de Mosquitos Transmissores de Hematozoários, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Rafaella Moraes de Miranda
- Laboratório de Mosquitos Transmissores de Hematozoários, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marcia Gonçalves de Castro
- Laboratório de Mosquitos Transmissores de Hematozoários, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Mario Sergio Ribeiro
- Superintendência de Vigilância Epidemiológica e Ambiental, Secretaria Estadual de Saúde, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Deborah Antunes
- Programa de Computação Científica (PROCC), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Daiana Mir
- Laboratório de AIDS e Imunologia Molecular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Paulo Vicente
- Laboratório de Genética Molecular de Microorganismos, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Ramos Guimarães
- Laboratório de Genômica Funcional e Bioinformática, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ernesto Raul Caffarena
- Programa de Computação Científica (PROCC), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Gonzalo Bello
- Laboratório de AIDS e Imunologia Molecular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Lourenço-de-Oliveira
- Laboratório de Mosquitos Transmissores de Hematozoários, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Myrna Cristina Bonaldo
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular de Flavivírus, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Faust CL, McCallum HI, Bloomfield LSP, Gottdenker NL, Gillespie TR, Torney CJ, Dobson AP, Plowright RK. Pathogen spillover during land conversion. Ecol Lett 2018; 21:471-483. [DOI: 10.1111/ele.12904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christina L. Faust
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology; Montana State University; Montana MT USA
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology; Princeton University; Princeton NJ USA
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine; Universtiy of Glasgow; Glasgow UK
| | - Hamish I. McCallum
- Environmental Futures Research Institute and Griffith School of Environment; Griffith University; Griffith Qld. Australia
| | - Laura S. P. Bloomfield
- Emmett Interdisciplinary Program in Environment and Resources; Stanford University; Stanford CA USA
| | - Nicole L. Gottdenker
- Department of Veterinary Pathology; College of Veterinary Medicine; University of Georgia; Athens GA USA
| | - Thomas R. Gillespie
- Department of Environmental Sciences; Department of Environmental Health; Rollins School of Public Health; Program In Population; Biology, Ecology and Evolution; Emory University; Athens GA USA
| | - Colin J. Torney
- School of Mathematics and Statistics; University of Glasgow; Glasgow UK
| | - Andrew P. Dobson
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology; Princeton University; Princeton NJ USA
| | - Raina K. Plowright
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology; Montana State University; Montana MT USA
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41
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Moreira-Soto A, Torres MC, Lima de Mendonça MC, Mares-Guia MA, Dos Santos Rodrigues CD, Fabri AA, Dos Santos CC, Machado Araújo ES, Fischer C, Ribeiro Nogueira RM, Drosten C, Sequeira PC, Drexler JF, Bispo de Filippis AM. Evidence for multiple sylvatic transmission cycles during the 2016-2017 yellow fever virus outbreak, Brazil. Clin Microbiol Infect 2018; 24:1019.e1-1019.e4. [PMID: 29427798 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2018.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Revised: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Since December 2016, Brazil has experienced an unusually large outbreak of yellow fever (YF). Whether urban transmission may contribute to the extent of the outbreak is unclear. The objective of this study was to characterize YF virus (YFV) genomes and to identify spatial patterns to determine the distribution and origin of YF cases in Minas Gerais, Espírito Santo and Rio de Janeiro, the most affected Brazilian states during the current YFV outbreak. METHODS We characterized near-complete YFV genomes from 14 human cases and two nonhuman primates (NHP), sampled from February to April 2017, retrieved epidemiologic data of cases and used a geographic information system to investigate the geospatial spread of YFV. RESULTS All YFV strains were closely related. On the basis of signature mutations, we identified two cocirculating YFV clusters. One was restricted to the hinterland of Espírito Santo state, and another formed a coastal cluster encompassing several hundred kilometers. Both clusters comprised strains from humans living in rural areas and NHP. Another NHP lineage clustered in a basal relationship. No signs of adaptation of YFV strains to human hosts were detected. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest sylvatic transmission during the current outbreak. Additionally, cocirculation of two distinct YFV clades occurring in humans and NHP suggests the existence of multiple sylvatic transmission cycles. Increased detection of YFV might be facilitated by raised awareness for arbovirus-mediated disease after Zika and chikungunya virus outbreaks. Further surveillance is required, as reemergence of YFV from NHPs might continue and facilitate the appearance of urban transmission cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Moreira-Soto
- Institute of Virology, University of Bonn Medical Centre, Bonn, Germany; Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Institute of Virology, Germany
| | - M C Torres
- Laboratório de Flavivírus, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - M C Lima de Mendonça
- Laboratório de Flavivírus, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - M A Mares-Guia
- Laboratório de Flavivírus, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - A A Fabri
- Laboratório de Flavivírus, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - C C Dos Santos
- Laboratório de Flavivírus, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - E S Machado Araújo
- Laboratório de Flavivírus, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - C Fischer
- Institute of Virology, University of Bonn Medical Centre, Bonn, Germany
| | - R M Ribeiro Nogueira
- Laboratório de Flavivírus, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - C Drosten
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Institute of Virology, Germany; German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Germany
| | - P Carvalho Sequeira
- Laboratório de Flavivírus, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - J F Drexler
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Institute of Virology, Germany; German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Germany.
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Ferreira CDC, Campi-Azevedo AC, Peruhype-Magalhāes V, Costa-Pereira C, Albuquerque CPD, Muniz LF, Yokoy de Souza T, Oliveira ACV, Martins-Filho OA, da Mota LMH. The 17D-204 and 17DD yellow fever vaccines: an overview of major similarities and subtle differences. Expert Rev Vaccines 2017; 17:79-90. [PMID: 29172832 DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2018.1406800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The yellow fever vaccine is a live attenuated virus vaccine that is considered one of the most efficient vaccines produced to date. The original 17D strain generated the substrains 17D-204 and 17DD, which are used for the current production of vaccines against yellow fever. The 17D-204 and 17DD substrains present subtle differences in their nucleotide compositions, which can potentially lead to variations in immunogenicity and reactogenicity. We will address the main changes in the immune responses induced by the 17D-204 and 17DD yellow fever vaccines and report similarities and differences between these vaccines in cellular and humoral immunity . This is a relevant issue in view of the re-emergence of yellow fever in Uganda in 2016 and in Brazil in the beginning of 2017. AREAS COVERED This article will be divided into 8 sections that will analyze the innate immune response, adaptive immune response, humoral response, production of cytokines, immunity in children, immunity in the elderly, gene expression and adverse reactions. EXPERT COMMENTARY The 17D-204 and 17DD yellow fever vaccines present similar immunogenicity, with strong activation of the cellular and humoral immune responses. Additionally, both vaccines have similar adverse effects, which are mostly mild and thus are considered safe.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Luciana Feitosa Muniz
- a Department of Rheumatology , University Hospital of Brasilia, University of Brasilia , Brasilia , Brazil
| | - Talita Yokoy de Souza
- a Department of Rheumatology , University Hospital of Brasilia, University of Brasilia , Brasilia , Brazil
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Peña-García VH, McCracken MK, Christofferson RC. Examining the potential for South American arboviruses to spread beyond the New World. CURRENT CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY REPORTS 2017; 4:208-217. [PMID: 29785356 DOI: 10.1007/s40588-017-0076-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Zika and chikungunya viruses emerged as public health emergencies in the Western Hemisphere where previously they had not been reported on a large scale. Millions were infected as the viruses met with virtually no herd immunity upon emergence. Purpose of the Review We explore the histories of these two recent arbovirus experiences in South America. We then review similarly three endemic South American viruses: yellow fever, Oropouche, and Mayaro viruses. Recent Findings We discuss the commonalities of the transmission systems and the possibility of an atypical emergence, that of New World virus to the Old World. Summary We discuss the avenues for research that would increase preparedness and efficiency of response should a South American arbovirus emerge in the Eastern Hemisphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Víctor Hugo Peña-García
- Department of Biology and Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Boyacá, Tunja, Boyacá, Colombia
| | - Michael K McCracken
- Viral Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland 20910, USA
| | - Rebecca C Christofferson
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, Louisiana State University School of Veterinary Medicine, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
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Charlier C, Beaudoin MC, Couderc T, Lortholary O, Lecuit M. Arboviruses and pregnancy: maternal, fetal, and neonatal effects. THE LANCET CHILD & ADOLESCENT HEALTH 2017; 1:134-146. [PMID: 30169203 DOI: 10.1016/s2352-4642(17)30021-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Revised: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Arboviruses are an expanding public health threat, with pregnant women facing unique complications from arbovirus infections. These infections, such as dengue and Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever, can be more severe in pregnant women than in the general population. Vertical transmission is reported for many arboviruses and can severely affect pregnancy outcome. Indeed, arboviruses-particularly flaviviruses and alphaviruses-are associated with increased risks of fetal loss and premature birth. Arboviruses can be teratogenic, as is the case for Zika virus and Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus. Finally, intrapartum transmission can result in severe neonatal infections, as is true for chikungunya virus. Although the global burden of arboviruses is well recognised, few studies have provided data on arbovirus infection specifically in the context of maternal and child health. Epidemiological and clinical studies are therefore needed to better assess the burden of arbovirus infections during pregnancy and to improve the prevention and clinical management of these viral infections. In this Review, we analyse the information available and identify gaps in knowledge that require further assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Charlier
- Institut Pasteur, Biology of Infection Unit, Paris, France; Inserm U1117, Paris, France; Paris-Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Centre d'Infectiologie Necker-Pasteur, Necker-Enfants Malades University Hospital, Institut Imagine, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France.
| | - Marie-Claude Beaudoin
- Paris-Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Centre d'Infectiologie Necker-Pasteur, Necker-Enfants Malades University Hospital, Institut Imagine, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France; Division of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Laval University and CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - Thérèse Couderc
- Institut Pasteur, Biology of Infection Unit, Paris, France; Inserm U1117, Paris, France
| | - Olivier Lortholary
- Paris-Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Centre d'Infectiologie Necker-Pasteur, Necker-Enfants Malades University Hospital, Institut Imagine, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Marc Lecuit
- Institut Pasteur, Biology of Infection Unit, Paris, France; Inserm U1117, Paris, France; Paris-Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Centre d'Infectiologie Necker-Pasteur, Necker-Enfants Malades University Hospital, Institut Imagine, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France.
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Phylodynamics of Yellow Fever Virus in the Americas: new insights into the origin of the 2017 Brazilian outbreak. Sci Rep 2017; 7:7385. [PMID: 28785067 PMCID: PMC5547128 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-07873-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 06/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Yellow fever virus (YFV) strains circulating in the Americas belong to two distinct genotypes (I and II) that have diversified into several concurrent enzootic lineages. Since 1999, YFV genotype I has spread outside endemic regions and its recent (2017) reemergence in non-endemic Southeastern Brazilian states fuels one of the largest epizootic of jungle Yellow Fever registered in the country. To better understand this phenomenon, we reconstructed the phylodynamics of YFV American genotypes using sequences from nine countries sampled along 60 years, including strains from Brazilian 2017 outbreak. Our analyses reveals that YFV genotypes I and II follow roughly similar evolutionary and demographic dynamics until the early 1990s, when a dramatic change in the diversification process of the genotype I occurred associated with the emergence and dissemination of a new lineage (here called modern). Trinidad and Tobago was the most likely source of the YFV modern-lineage that spread to Brazil and Venezuela around the late 1980s, where it replaced all lineages previously circulating. The modern-lineage caused all major YFV outbreaks detected in non-endemic South American regions since 2000, including the 2017 Brazilian outbreak, and its dissemination was coupled to the accumulation of several amino acid substitutions particularly within non-structural viral proteins.
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Couto-Lima D, Madec Y, Bersot MI, Campos SS, Motta MDA, Santos FBD, Vazeille M, Vasconcelos PFDC, Lourenço-de-Oliveira R, Failloux AB. Potential risk of re-emergence of urban transmission of Yellow Fever virus in Brazil facilitated by competent Aedes populations. Sci Rep 2017; 7:4848. [PMID: 28687779 PMCID: PMC5501812 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-05186-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Yellow fever virus (YFV) causing a deadly viral disease is transmitted by the bite of infected mosquitoes. In Brazil, YFV is restricted to a forest cycle maintained between non-human primates and forest-canopy mosquitoes, where humans can be tangentially infected. Since late 2016, a growing number of human cases have been reported in Southeastern Brazil at the gates of the most populated areas of South America, the Atlantic coast, with Rio de Janeiro state hosting nearly 16 million people. We showed that the anthropophilic mosquitoes Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus as well as the YFV-enzootic mosquitoes Haemagogus leucocelaenus and Sabethes albiprivus from the YFV-free region of the Atlantic coast were highly susceptible to American and African YFV strains. Therefore, the risk of reemergence of urban YFV epidemics in South America is major with a virus introduced either from a forest cycle or by a traveler returning from the YFV-endemic region of Africa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinair Couto-Lima
- Instituto Oswaldo Cruz - FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Institut Pasteur, Arboviruses and Insect Vectors, Paris, France
| | - Yoann Madec
- Institut Pasteur, Epidemiology of infectious diseases, Paris, France
| | | | | | | | | | - Marie Vazeille
- Institut Pasteur, Arboviruses and Insect Vectors, Paris, France
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Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) originated and continues to circulate in a sylvatic transmission cycle between non-human primate hosts and arboreal mosquitoes in tropical Africa. Recently ZIKV invaded the Americas, where it poses a threat to human health, especially to pregnant women and their infants. Here we examine the risk that ZIKV will establish a sylvatic cycle in the Americas, focusing on Brazil. We review the natural history of sylvatic ZIKV and present a mathematical dynamic transmission model to assess the probability of establishment of a sylvatic ZIKV transmission cycle in non-human primates and/or other mammals and arboreal mosquito vectors in Brazil. Brazil is home to multiple species of primates and mosquitoes potentially capable of ZIKV transmission, though direct assessment of host competence (ability to mount viremia sufficient to infect a feeding mosquito) and vector competence (ability to become infected with ZIKV and disseminate and transmit upon subsequent feedings) of New World species is lacking. Modeling reveals a high probability of establishment of sylvatic ZIKV across a large range of biologically plausible parameters. Probability of establishment is dependent on host and vector population sizes, host birthrates, and ZIKV force of infection. Research on the host competence of New World monkeys or other small mammals to ZIKV, on vector competence of New World Aedes, Sabethes, and Haemagogus mosquitoes for ZIKV, and on the geographic range of potential New World hosts and vectors is urgently needed. A sylvatic cycle of ZIKV would make future elimination efforts in the Americas practically impossible, and paints a dire picture for the epidemiology of ZIKV and our ability to end the ongoing outbreak of congenital Zika syndrome.
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Mucci LF, Medeiros-Sousa AR, Ceretti-Júnior W, Fernandes A, Camargo AA, Evangelista E, de Oliveira Christe R, Montes J, Teixeira RS, Marrelli MT. Haemagogus leucocelaenus and Other Mosquitoes Potentially Associated With Sylvatic Yellow Fever In Cantareira State Park In the São Paulo Metropolitan Area, Brazil. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOCIATION 2016; 32:329-332. [PMID: 28206862 DOI: 10.2987/16-6587.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to investigate whether Haemagogus leucocelaenus and other mosquito species associated with sylvatic transmission of yellow fever virus are present in Cantareira State Park (CSP) in the São Paulo Metropolitan Area (SPMA). From October 2015 to March 2016, adult mosquitoes were captured with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention traps, manual battery-powered aspirators, and Shannon traps; larvae and pupae were collected in natural and artificial breeding sites. A total of 109 adult mosquito specimens and 30 immature forms belonging to 11 taxonomic categories in 4 genera (Aedes, Psorophora, Sabethes, and Haemagogus) were collected, including Hg. leucocelaenus, the main vector of yellow fever. The entomological findings of the present study indicate that the area is of strategic importance for yellow fever surveillance not only because of the significant numbers of humans and nonhuman primates circulating in CSP and its vicinity but also because it represents a potential route for the disease to be introduced to the SPMA.
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Koïvogui A, Carbunar A, Imounga LM, Laruade C, Laube S. Vaccination against yellow fever in French Guiana: The impact of educational level, negative beliefs and attitude towards vaccination. Travel Med Infect Dis 2016; 15:37-44. [PMID: 27789244 DOI: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2016.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Revised: 08/18/2016] [Accepted: 08/19/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Analyze the impact of educational level, negative beliefs and negative attitudes on the yellow fever vaccination coverage (YFVC). METHODOLOGY This analytical study involved a sample of 2763 people from 866 households. Educational status was described in six levels: No level (Respondent had never attended school), level-1 (respondent left before intermediate school), level-2 (Respondent attended intermediate school), level-3 (respondent attended high school), level-4 (Respondent attended university), Other level (When the level could not be determined). The Attitude towards vaccination was described in terms of person's availability to recommend vaccination to third. The relationships were analyzed by multivariate mixed logistic regression. RESULTS Among the 2763 peoples, 2039 (73.8%) were vaccinated against yellow fever. People who left high school with or without the French baccalaureate were more likely to be vaccinated against YF than people without any diploma (OR = 1.4; p < 0.05). The probability of being vaccinated among people with negative attitudes was reduced by 40% (OR = 0.6; p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Low level of education, negative beliefs and negative attitudes have significant impacts on YFVC. Negatives beliefs and attitudes result often from a major lack of information about the benefits of vaccination. This deficit is exacerbated in persons with low educational level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akoï Koïvogui
- Observatoire Régional de la Santé de Guyane, Cellules Etudes, Cayenne, French Guiana.
| | - Aurel Carbunar
- Observatoire Régional de la Santé de Guyane, Cellules Etudes, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | | | - Christelle Laruade
- Observatoire Régional de la Santé de Guyane, Cellules Etudes, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Sylvaine Laube
- Observatoire Régional de la Santé de Guyane, Cellules Etudes, Cayenne, French Guiana
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Thomas RE. Yellow fever vaccine-associated viscerotropic disease: current perspectives. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2016; 10:3345-3353. [PMID: 27784992 PMCID: PMC5066857 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s99600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Purpose To assess those published cases of yellow fever (YF) vaccine-associated viscerotropic disease that meet the Brighton Collaboration criteria and to assess the safety of YF vaccine with respect to viscerotropic disease. Literature search Ten electronic databases were searched with no restriction of date or language and reference lists of retrieved articles. Methods All abstracts and titles were independently read by two reviewers and data independently entered by two reviewers. Results All serious adverse events that met the Brighton Classification criteria were associated with first YF vaccinations. Sixty-two published cases (35 died) met the Brighton Collaboration viscerotropic criteria, with 32 from the US, six from Brazil, five from Peru, three from Spain, two from the People’s Republic of China, one each from Argentina, Australia, Belgium, Ecuador, France, Germany, Ireland, New Zealand, Portugal, and the UK, and four with no country stated. Two cases met both the viscerotropic and YF vaccine-associated neurologic disease criteria. Seventy cases proposed by authors as viscerotropic disease did not meet any Brighton Collaboration viscerotropic level of diagnostic certainty or any YF vaccine-associated viscerotropic disease causality criteria (37 died). Conclusion Viscerotropic disease is rare in the published literature and in pharmacovigilance databases. All published cases were from developing countries. Because the symptoms are usually very severe and life threatening, it is unlikely that cases would not come to medical attention (but might not be published). Because viscerotropic disease has a highly predictable pathologic course, it is likely that viscerotropic disease post-YF vaccine occurs in low-income countries with the same incidence as in developing countries. YF vaccine is a very safe vaccine that likely confers lifelong immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roger E Thomas
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, Research Office, G012, Health Sciences Centre, Calgary, AB, Canada
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