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Ni J, Wang J, Fang C, Zhang W, Gong Z. A Review of the Latest Control Strategies for Mosquito-Borne Diseases. China CDC Wkly 2024; 6:852-856. [PMID: 39211443 PMCID: PMC11350232 DOI: 10.46234/ccdcw2024.183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 08/03/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Mosquito-borne diseases are persistent and potentially severe posing a threat to global pandemic preparedness. The risk of mosquito-borne virus transmission is rapidly increasing due to the unprecedented spread of viruses such as dengue and chikungunya, the disruption of global mosquito-borne disease control efforts following the emergence of coronavirus diseases 2019 (COVID-19) in 2019, global warming, and human activities. To address this global challenge, various innovative mosquito control technologies are being developed worldwide. This paper summarizes the latest advances in mosquito vector control, focusing on China's latest mosquito control strategies, to provide insights into implementing novel mosquito-borne disease control measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Ni
- School of Public Health, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jinna Wang
- Department of Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Chunfu Fang
- Quzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Quzhou City, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Wenrong Zhang
- School of Public Health, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Zhenyu Gong
- Department of Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, China
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2
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Fan X, Zhang J. Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices of Patients with Allergic Rhinitis Towards Allergen-Specific Immunotherapy. Patient Prefer Adherence 2024; 18:1531-1545. [PMID: 39100429 PMCID: PMC11296507 DOI: 10.2147/ppa.s468957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/20/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study aimed to investigate the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of patients with allergic rhinitis towards allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT). Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted through a questionnaire survey at The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine from October 15, 2023, to December 3, 2023. Results A total of 550 valid questionnaires were included in the analysis. The median scores with interquartile ranges (IQR) for knowledge, attitude, and practice were 17 (11, 23), (possible range: 0-34); 20 (17, 22), (possible range: 7-35); and 30 (24, 34), (possible range: 8-40). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that individuals engaging in physical activity 1-3 times per week (OR = 2.895, 95% CI: [1.745, 4.804], P < 0.001), those participating in physical activity 5-7 times per week (OR = 3.811, 95% CI: [1.502, 9.671], P = 0.005), and those with higher knowledge scores (OR = 4.485, 95% CI: [2.942, 6.837], P < 0.001) were independently associated with positive practices. The structural equation modeling (SEM) results revealed that knowledge had a significant influence on attitude (β = -0.354, P = 0.010) and practice (β = 0.618, P = 0.010), and attitude also demonstrated a noteworthy impact on practice (β = -0.120, P = 0.020). Furthermore, it is worth noting that the indirect effects of knowledge on practice were statistically significant (β = 0.042, P = 0.020). Conclusion Patients with allergic rhinitis had inadequate knowledge, negative attitudes and proactive practices towards AIT. To improve their understanding and adherence, healthcare providers should prioritize education and interventions aimed at enhancing patient engagement with this treatment option.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofan Fan
- Department of Nursing, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, and International School of Medicine, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu, 322000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jintang Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, and International School of Medicine, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu, 322000, People’s Republic of China
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Alqassim AY, Mahfouz MS, Alharbi AA, Muaddi MA, Jareebi MA, Makeen AM, Adawi EA, Tawhari MM, Akoor AA, Alwadani SN, Khormi NQ, Sayegh MA, Mobaraki RA, Maghfori GT. Evaluating the public's readiness to combat vector-borne disease threats in Jazan, Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional survey. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e39114. [PMID: 39058820 PMCID: PMC11272357 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000039114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Vector-borne diseases (VBDs) pose a significant public health challenge in Saudi Arabia, particularly in the Jazan region. This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding VBDs among the population of Jazan and to identify factors associated with these variables. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 642 adult residents of Jazan using a convenience random sampling technique. The survey tool consisted of 6 domains: demographics, knowledge of VBDs, preventive practices, care-seeking behavior, knowledge of specific VBDs, and attitudes towards VBDs. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, t tests, ANOVA, and multivariable logistic regression. The majority of participants (60.0%) had high knowledge scores, while (75.5%) and (77.7%) had high attitude and practice scores, respectively. However, knowledge gaps were identified in specific areas, such as the transmission of leishmaniasis and Rift Valley fever. Gender was a significant predictor of both knowledge and practice scores, with males having higher knowledge and females demonstrating higher levels of preventive practices. Age, education, income, and working status were also associated with knowledge scores. The findings highlight the need for targeted interventions and educational campaigns to address the identified gaps in knowledge, attitudes, and practices. Future research should focus on exploring the effectiveness of different intervention strategies and investigating the integration of VBD prevention and control measures into existing healthcare systems. By employing a multi-disciplinary approach, evidence-based strategies can be developed to prevent and control VBDs, ultimately improving public health outcomes in Jazan and other endemic regions worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Y. Alqassim
- Family and Community Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Salih Mahfouz
- Family and Community Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah A. Alharbi
- Family and Community Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed A. Muaddi
- Family and Community Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad A. Jareebi
- Family and Community Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anwar M. Makeen
- Family and Community Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Essa A. Adawi
- Surgery Department, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
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Quesada-Puga C, Cañadas GR, Gómez-Urquiza JL, Aguayo-Estremera R, Ortega-Campos E, Romero-Béjar JL, Cañadas-De la Fuente GA. Depression in nursing students during the COVID-19 pandemic: Systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0304900. [PMID: 39047023 PMCID: PMC11268638 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0304900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The pandemic meant a change in academic approach. This had an impact on the mental health of students, leading to, among other problems, depressive disorders. The aim of this study was to find out the prevalence and factors that favoured the development of depression in nursing students during the COVID-19 pandemic. A systematic review with meta-analysis of prevalence was conducted in October 2023, using Pubmed, CINAHL and Scopus as the data sources used for the search. This review followed the guidelines outlined in the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). Search equation was: "(undergraduate nurses OR nursing students) AND depression AND (COVID-19 OR Sars-CoV-2)". The final set of articles was N = 12. Quantitative primary studies using anonymous scales and surveys to assess the prevalence of depression in nursing students in the last 3 years were included. Studies show a high prevalence of depression among young university students with figures above 50%. The total sample of students in the meta-analysis was n = 4,479 with a prevalence value of 32% (CI95% 22%-42%). Affected students are characterised by young, female students. Concerns included generalised academic uncertainty, social isolation, work overload, fear of contagion and concern about teaching delivery. Coping mechanisms were generally resilience, spiritual support, laughter therapy, seeking information about COVID-19 and eating food. In conclusion, students, especially female students, are at high risk of depression due to social isolation. In addition, coping techniques were inadequate and future strategies to prevent this situation should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Quesada-Puga
- University Hospital Torrecardenas, Andalusian Health Service, Almería, Spain
| | - Gustavo R. Cañadas
- Department of Didactic of Mathematics, Faculty of Education Science, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | | | - Raimundo Aguayo-Estremera
- Department of Psychobiology and Methodology in Behavioral Sciences, Complutense University of Madrid, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Spain
| | | | - José Luis Romero-Béjar
- Department of Statistics and Operations Research, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain
- Institute of Mathematics of the University of Granada (IMAG), Granada, Spain
| | - Guillermo A. Cañadas-De la Fuente
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Brain, Mind and Behaviour Research Center (CIMCYC), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
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de Best PA, Abourashed A, Doornekamp L, van Gorp ECM, Timen A, Sikkema RS, Bartumeus F, Palmer JRB, Koopmans MPG. Determinants of intended prevention behaviour against mosquitoes and mosquito-borne viruses in the Netherlands and Spain using the MosquitoWise survey: cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:1781. [PMID: 38965485 PMCID: PMC11223381 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-19293-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recently, Europe has seen an emergence of mosquito-borne viruses (MBVs). Understanding citizens' perceptions of and behaviours towards mosquitoes and MBVs is crucial to reduce disease risk. We investigated and compared perceptions, knowledge, and determinants of citizens' behavioural intentions related to mosquitoes and MBVs in the Netherlands and Spain, to help improve public health interventions. METHODS Using the validated MosquitoWise survey, data was collected through participant panels in Spain (N = 475) and the Netherlands (N = 438). Health Belief Model scores measuring behavioural intent, knowledge, and information scores were calculated. Confidence Interval-Based Estimation of Relevance was used, together with potential for change indexes, to identify promising determinants for improving prevention measure use. RESULTS Spanish participants' responses showed slightly higher intent to use prevention measures compared to those of Dutch participants (29.1 and 28.2, respectively, p 0.03). Most participants in Spain (92.2%) and the Netherlands (91.8%) indicated they used at least one prevention measure, but differences were observed in which types they used. More Spanish participants indicated to have received information on mosquitoes and MBVs compared to Dutch participants. Spanish participants preferred health professional information sources, while Dutch participants favoured government websites. Determinants for intent to use prevention measures included "Knowledge", "Reminders to Use Prevention Measures", and "Information" in the Netherlands and Spain. Determinants for repellent use included "Perceived Benefits" and "Cues to Action", with "Perceived Benefits" having a high potential for behavioural change in both countries. "Self-Efficacy" and "Knowledge" were determinants in both countries for breeding site removal. CONCLUSION This study found differences in knowledge between the Netherlands and Spain but similarities in determinants for intent to use prevention measures, intent to use repellents and intent to remove mosquito breeding sites. Identified determinants can be the focus for future public health interventions to reduce MBV risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline A de Best
- Viroscience, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 GD, the Netherlands.
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, 3721 MA, the Netherlands.
| | - Ayat Abourashed
- Viroscience, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 GD, the Netherlands
- Centre d'Estudis Avançats de Blanes (CEAB-CSIC), Blanes, 17300, Spain
| | - Laura Doornekamp
- Viroscience, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 GD, the Netherlands
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 GD, the Netherlands
| | - Eric C M van Gorp
- Viroscience, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 GD, the Netherlands
| | - Aura Timen
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, 3721 MA, the Netherlands
- Department of Primary and Community Care, RadboudUMC, Nijmegen, 6525 GA, the Netherlands
- Athena Institute, VU University, Amsterdam, 1081 HV, the Netherlands
| | - Reina S Sikkema
- Viroscience, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 GD, the Netherlands
| | - Frederic Bartumeus
- Centre d'Estudis Avançats de Blanes (CEAB-CSIC), Blanes, 17300, Spain
- Centre de Recerca Ecològica I Aplicacions Forestals (CREAF), Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, 08193, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, 08010, Spain
| | - John R B Palmer
- Department of Political and Social Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, 08005, Spain
| | - Marion P G Koopmans
- Viroscience, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 GD, the Netherlands
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Wudarski J, Aliabadi S, Gulia-Nuss M. Arthropod promoters for genetic control of disease vectors. Trends Parasitol 2024; 40:619-632. [PMID: 38824066 PMCID: PMC11223965 DOI: 10.1016/j.pt.2024.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
Vector-borne diseases (VBDs) impose devastating effects on human health and a heavy financial burden. Malaria, Lyme disease, and dengue fever are just a few examples of VBDs that cause severe illnesses. The current strategies to control VBDs consist mainly of environmental modification and chemical use, and to a small extent, genetic approaches. The genetic approaches, including transgenesis/genome modification and gene-drive technologies, provide the basis for developing new tools for VBD prevention by suppressing vector populations or reducing their capacity to transmit pathogens. The regulatory elements such as promoters are required for a robust sex-, tissue-, and stage-specific transgene expression. As discussed in this review, information on the regulatory elements is available for mosquito vectors but is scant for other vectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Wudarski
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, USA
| | - Simindokht Aliabadi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, USA
| | - Monika Gulia-Nuss
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, USA.
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Yoshino S, Law WHC, Koike S. Parent-Child Associations in COVID-19-Related Preventive Behaviors and Efficacy Expectations: A One-Year Longitudinal Survey. J Adolesc Health 2024; 74:1146-1155. [PMID: 38493392 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2024.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE It is necessary to identify the variables that explain the variance in preventive behaviors against COVID-19 to increase adolescents' engagement in these behaviors. We focused on efficacy expectations of preventive behaviors and their associations within families. This study examined the associations between efficacy expectations and preventive behaviors, and between adolescents and their parents in terms of efficacy expectations and preventive behaviors. METHODS A cross-lagged panel model was employed to analyze 281 parent-child pairs consisting of 245 children (118 girls, mean age = 17.4 years), 277 mothers (median age = 49.3 years), and 211 fathers (median age = 51.5 years). Participants completed the Prevention of COVID-19 Infection Scale at baseline (October 2020 to April 2021) and one-year follow-up to assess efficacy expectations and preventive behaviors for sanitization, contact, and hoarding factors. RESULTS Efficacy expectations of preventive behaviors at baseline were positively associated with preventive behaviors at one-year follow-up regarding the sanitization and contact factors. Additionally, for parents, efficacy expectations of preventive behaviors at baseline were positively associated with subsequent preventive behaviors regarding the hoarding factor. Parental efficacy expectation scores for contact at baseline were positively associated with their children's scores at one-year follow-up. DISCUSSION The findings highlight the association between parental efficacy expectations at an initial time point and adolescents' efficacy expectations at one-year follow-up toward COVID-19 preventive measures, particularly contact-related behaviors. These insights can inform public health interventions targeting individual expectations and parental involvement to promote effective preventive practices during future health crises.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinya Yoshino
- Faculty of Letters, Arts, and Sciences, Waseda University, Shinju-ku, Tokyo, Japan; Center for Evolutionary Cognitive Sciences, Graduate School of Art and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Wai Him Crystal Law
- Center for Evolutionary Cognitive Sciences, Graduate School of Art and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Koike
- Center for Evolutionary Cognitive Sciences, Graduate School of Art and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, Japan; University of Tokyo Institute for Diversity & Adaptation of Human Mind (UTIDAHM), Meguro-ku, Tokyo, Japan; The International Research Center for Neurointelligence (WPI-IRCN), Institutes for Advanced Study (UTIAS), The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
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Xu Y, Chen J, Du J, Jin Y. Knowledge, attitudes, and practices among the general community population toward heatstroke. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1373025. [PMID: 38855448 PMCID: PMC11157029 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1373025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and objective Heatstroke (HS) is a life-threatening condition resulting from thermal injury within the body, and it is associated with a significantly high mortality rate. This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) among the general community population toward heatstroke. Methods The web-based cross-sectional study was conducted between September 2023 and October 2023 at the Emergency Department of Dongyang People's Hospital. A self-designed questionnaire was developed to collect demographic information of the general community population and to assess their knowledge, attitudes and practices toward heatstroke. Results A total of 1,356 valid questionnaires were collected. Among the participants, 875 (64.53%) were female, and 496 (36.58%) had regular exercise. The mean knowledge, attitudes and practices scores were 12.73 ± 1.42 (possible range: 0-14), 33.74 ± 2.91 (possible range: 8-40) and 34.65 ± 5.30 (possible range: 8-40), respectively. The structural equation model demonstrated that education had direct effects on knowledge (β = 0.017, p < 0.001), attitudes (β = 0.123, p < 0.001), and practices (β = -0.094, p < 0.001). Moreover, knowledge had direct effects on attitudes (β = 1.920, p < 0.001), and attitudes had direct effects on practices (β = 0.642, p < 0.001). Conclusion The findings revealed that the general community population have sufficient knowledge, active attitudes and proactive practices toward the heatstroke. However, there is still room for improvement and it is necessary to develop and implement educational initiatives and interventions designed to further enhance their KAP toward heatstroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangfeng Xu
- Department of Emergency, Dongyang People's Hospital, Dongyang, China
| | - Jianping Chen
- Department of Emergency, Dongyang People's Hospital, Dongyang, China
| | - Jinkang Du
- Intensive Care Unit, Dongyang People's Hospital, Dongyang, China
| | - YunYing Jin
- Intensive Care Unit, Dongyang People's Hospital, Dongyang, China
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Gebreegziabher E, Raoliarison A, Ramananjato A, Fanomezana A, Rafaliarisoa M, Ralisata S, Razafindrakoto J, Smith JL, Ahmed J, Smith Gueye C. Identifying and characterizing high-risk populations in pilot malaria elimination districts in Madagascar: a mixed-methods study. Malar J 2024; 23:121. [PMID: 38664837 PMCID: PMC11046788 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-024-04927-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In Madagascar, the districts of Antsirabe II, Faratsiho and Antsiranana I have relatively low malaria incidence rates and have been selected by the National Malaria Control Programme for pilot elimination strategies. The districts have residual transmission despite increasing coverage and quality of malaria services. This study sought to identify priority subpopulations at highest risk for malaria and collect information on intervention preferences and methods that will inform subnational tailoring of malaria service delivery. METHODS This mixed methods study employed (i) a quantitative malaria risk factor assessment in Antsirabe II and Faratsiho comprising a test-negative frequency matched case-control study and a qualitative risk factor assessment in Antsiranana I; and (ii) a qualitative formative assessment in all three districts. For the case-control study, a mixed effects logistic regression was used with age, sex and district included as fixed effects and health facility included as a random effect. The qualitative risk factor assessment used semi-structured interview guides and key informant interviews. For the qualitative formative assessment in the three districts, a summary report was generated following semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions with high-risk populations (HRPs) and stakeholders. RESULTS In Antsirabe II and Faratsiho districts, rice agriculture workers, outdoor/manual workers, particularly miners, and those with jobs that required travel or overnight stays, especially itinerant vendors, had higher odds of malaria infection compared to other (non-rice) agricultural workers. In Antsiranana I, respondents identified non-rice farmers, mobile vendors, and students as HRPs. Risk factors among these groups included overnight stays and travel patterns combined with a lack of malaria prevention tools. HRPs reported treatment cost and distance to the health facility as barriers to care and expressed interest in presumptive treatment and involvement of gatekeepers or people who have influence over intervention access or participation. CONCLUSIONS The study results illustrate the value of in-depth assessments of risk behaviours, access to services and prevention tools, surveillance and prevention strategies, and the involvement of gatekeepers in shaping subnational tailoring to reach previously unreached populations and address residual transmission in elimination settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Gebreegziabher
- Malaria Elimination Initiative, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Andry Raoliarison
- US President's Malaria Initiative (PMI), PMI Impact Malaria, Antananarivo, Madagascar
| | | | | | - Martin Rafaliarisoa
- US President's Malaria Initiative (PMI), PMI Impact Malaria, Antananarivo, Madagascar
| | - Sandy Ralisata
- US President's Malaria Initiative (PMI), PMI Impact Malaria, Antananarivo, Madagascar
| | | | - Jennifer L Smith
- Malaria Elimination Initiative, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jehan Ahmed
- U.S. President's Malaria Initiative (PMI), PMI Impact Malaria, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Cara Smith Gueye
- Malaria Elimination Initiative, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- U.S. President's Malaria Initiative (PMI), PMI Impact Malaria, Washington, DC, USA.
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Chaudhary MN, Lim VC, Faller EM, Regmi P, Aryal N, Mohd Zain SN, Azman AS, Sahimin N. Assessing the basic knowledge and awareness of dengue fever prevention among migrant workers in Klang Valley, Malaysia. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0297527. [PMID: 38300963 PMCID: PMC10833505 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0297527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Globally, 390 million dengue virus infections occur per year. In Malaysia, migrant workers are particularly vulnerable to dengue fever (DF) due to mosquito breeding sites exposure and poor health literacy. Therefore, this study aimed to (i) assess the current DF knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP), and (ii) identify strategies to promote DF awareness, among migrant workers in Klang Valley. METHOD A survey was conducted with 403 Nepali, Filipino and Indonesian migrant workers through phone interviews and online self-administered questionnaires. Piecewise structural equation modelling was applied to identify predictor variables for DF KAP. RESULTS Most respondents were male, working in the services industry, had completed high school, aged between 30-39 years and with less than ten years work experience in Malaysia. Overall, respondents' knowledge was positively correlated with attitude but negatively with practices. Older respondents, who had completed higher education, obtained higher knowledge scores. Similarly, those with working experience of >20 years in Malaysia obtained higher attitude scores. Respondents with a previous history of DF strongly considered the removal of mosquito breeding sites as their own responsibility, hence tended to frequently practise DF preventive measures. Respondents' knowledge was also positively correlated to their understanding of DF information sourced from social media platforms. CONCLUSION These findings highlighted: (i) the need for targeted DF educational intervention among younger and newly arrived workers with lower levels of education and (ii) maximising the usage of social media platforms to improve DF public awareness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam N. Chaudhary
- School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Voon-Ching Lim
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- National Primate Research Center of Thailand, Chulalongkorn University, Saraburi, Thailand
| | - Erwin Martinez Faller
- Pharmacy Department, School of Allied Health Sciences, San Pedro College, Davao City, Davao del Sur, Philippines
- Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Bournemouth University, Bournemouth, United Kingdom
| | - Pramod Regmi
- Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Bournemouth University, Bournemouth, United Kingdom
| | - Nirmal Aryal
- Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Bournemouth University, Bournemouth, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Norhidayu Sahimin
- Tropical Infectious Diseases Research and Education Centre (TIDREC), Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Casella A, Monroe A, Toso M, Hunter G, Underwood C, Pillai R, Hughes J, Van Lith LM, Cash S, Hwang J, Babalola S. Understanding psychosocial determinants of malaria behaviours in low-transmission settings: a scoping review. Malar J 2024; 23:15. [PMID: 38200574 PMCID: PMC10782749 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-023-04831-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent estimates show progress toward malaria elimination is slowing in many settings, underscoring the need for tailored approaches to fight the disease. In addition to essential structural changes, human behaviour plays an important role in elimination. Engagement in malaria behaviours depends in part on psychosocial determinants such as knowledge, perceived risk, and community norms. Understanding the state of research on psychosocial determinants in low malaria transmission settings is important to augment social and behaviour change practice. This review synthesizes research on psychosocial factors and malaria behaviours in low-transmission settings. METHODS A systematic search of peer-reviewed literature and supplemental manual search of grey literature was conducted using key terms and eligibility criteria defined a priori. Publications from 2000-2020 in the English language were identified, screened, and analysed using inductive methods to determine the relationship between the measured psychosocial factors and malaria behaviours. RESULTS Screening of 961 publications yielded 96 for inclusion. Nineteen articles collected data among subpopulations that are at increased risk of malaria exposure in low-transmission settings. Purposive and cluster randomized sampling were common sampling approaches. Quantitative, qualitative, and mixed-methods study designs were used. Knowledge, attitudes, and perceived risk were commonly measured psychosocial factors. Perceived response-efficacy, perceived self-efficacy, and community norms were rarely measured. Results indicate positive associations between malaria knowledge and attitudes, and preventive and care-seeking behaviour. Studies generally report high rates of correct knowledge, although it is comparatively lower among studies of high-risk groups. There does not appear to be sufficient extant evidence to determine the relationship between other psychosocial variables and behaviour. CONCLUSIONS The review highlights the need to deploy more consistent, comprehensive measures of psychosocial factors and the importance of reaching subpopulations at higher risk of transmission in low transmission contexts. Malaria-related knowledge is generally high, even in settings of low transmission. Programmes and research should work to better understand the psychosocial factors that have been positively associated with prevention and care-seeking behaviours, such as norms, perceived response efficacy, perceived self-efficacy, and interpersonal communication. These factors are not necessarily distinct from that which research has shown are important in settings of high malaria transmission. However, the importance of each factor and application to malaria behaviour change programming in low-transmission settings is an area in need of further research. Existing instruments and approaches are available to support more systematic collection of psychosocial determinants and improved sampling approaches and should be applied more widely. Finally, while human behaviour is critical, health systems strengthening, and structural interventions are essential to achieve malaria elimination goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert Casella
- Breakthrough ACTION Project, Johns Hopkins Center for Communication Programs, 111 Market Place, Suite 310, Baltimore, MD, 21202, USA.
| | - April Monroe
- Breakthrough ACTION Project, Johns Hopkins Center for Communication Programs, 111 Market Place, Suite 310, Baltimore, MD, 21202, USA
| | - Michael Toso
- Breakthrough ACTION Project, Johns Hopkins Center for Communication Programs, 111 Market Place, Suite 310, Baltimore, MD, 21202, USA
| | - Gabrielle Hunter
- Breakthrough ACTION Project, Johns Hopkins Center for Communication Programs, 111 Market Place, Suite 310, Baltimore, MD, 21202, USA
| | - Carol Underwood
- Breakthrough ACTION Project, Johns Hopkins Center for Communication Programs, 111 Market Place, Suite 310, Baltimore, MD, 21202, USA
- Department of Health, Behavior, & Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, USA
| | - Ruchita Pillai
- Breakthrough ACTION Project, Johns Hopkins Center for Communication Programs, 111 Market Place, Suite 310, Baltimore, MD, 21202, USA
| | - Jayme Hughes
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, USA
| | - Lynn M Van Lith
- Breakthrough ACTION Project, Johns Hopkins Center for Communication Programs, 111 Market Place, Suite 310, Baltimore, MD, 21202, USA
| | - Shelby Cash
- U.S. President's Malaria Initiative, Malaria Branch, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jimee Hwang
- U.S. President's Malaria Initiative, Malaria Branch, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Stella Babalola
- Breakthrough ACTION Project, Johns Hopkins Center for Communication Programs, 111 Market Place, Suite 310, Baltimore, MD, 21202, USA
- Department of Health, Behavior, & Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, USA
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Nogueira de Brito R, Tanner S, Runk JV, Hoyos J. Looking through the lens of social science approaches: A scoping review of leishmaniases and Chagas disease research. Acta Trop 2024; 249:107059. [PMID: 37918504 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2023.107059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Scholars have called for increased attention to sociocultural, economic, historical, and political processes shaping Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs) ecology. We conducted a scoping review to identify major research themes and the knowledge gaps in social science literature in leishmaniases or Chagas disease (CD). Following the scoping review protocol, we first determined the focus of the review to be centered on identifying research that approaches leishmaniases and CD from social science perspective and was indexed by large, biomedically focused databases. We then searched PubMed and Web of Science using "Leishmaniasis" and "Chagas disease" with "social science" or "anthropology" as search terms. We analyzed 199 articles (123 on leishmaniases and 76 on CD), categorizing them into three main research themes. Sociocultural dimensions of the diseases (leishmaniases=60.2 %; CD=68.4 %) primarily focused on individuals' knowledge, practices, and behaviors, barriers to accessing healthcare (especially in endemic regions), psychosocial effects, stigma, and traditional treatments. Research focused on socioeconomic dimensions of the diseases (leishmaniases=29.3 %; CD=19.7 %) included topics like household characteristics, social capital, and infrastructure access. A final theme, the historical and political contexts of the diseases (Leishmaniases=10.5 %; CD=11.9 %) was less common than other themes. Here, studies consider civil war and the (re)emergence of leishmaniasis, as well as the significance of CD discovery for scientific and public health in Brazil, which is the most common country for research on both leishmaniases and CD that draws on social science approaches. Future directions for research include focusing on how social institutions and economic factors shape diseases education, control measures, healthcare access, and quality of life of people affected by NTDs. Greater attention to social sciences can help mitigate and undo the ways that structural biases have infiltrated biomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raíssa Nogueira de Brito
- Department of Anthropology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, United States; Center for the Ecology of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, United States.
| | - Susan Tanner
- Department of Anthropology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, United States
| | - Julie Velásquez Runk
- Environment and Sustainability Studies Program, Wake Forest University, Winston Salem, NC 27109, United States; Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Ciudad de Panamá 0843-03092, Republic of Panama
| | - Juliana Hoyos
- Odum School of Ecology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, United States
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Mlangeni N, Malotle M, Made F, Ramodike J, Sikweyiya Y, Du Preez C, Thompson NS, Zungu M. Factors associated with TB screening among agricultural workers in Limpopo Province, South Africa. Glob Health Action 2023; 16:2162227. [PMID: 36661274 PMCID: PMC9869983 DOI: 10.1080/16549716.2022.2162227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tuberculosis (TB) continues to be a public health issue of concern in South Africa. Workers in the agricultural sector are generally at increased risk of TB due to multiple interacting factors such as exposure to silica dust, co-worker infection, and occupations falling within the lower socio-economic sectors. OBJECTIVE This study investigates factors associated with TB screening uptake for agricultural workers in Limpopo Province, South Africa. METHOD This cross-sectional study targeted a study population of 16,787 agricultural workers across 96 agricultural worksites in South Africa. A two-stage cluster random sampling design identified 24 agricultural worksites and a potential 2500 participants. The outcome variable was self-reported TB screening. Descriptive statistics and unadjusted and adjusted logistic regression analyses were performed to determine factors associated with TB screening. A literature review informed the selection of covariates as possible confounders. RESULTS The final study sample comprised 2144 workers across 24 sites, with 55% being women. TB screening uptake was 1155 (56.3%). Factors such as living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (AOR 3.16, 95% CI: 2.44-4.09), accessing health services in the workplace (AOR 1.94, 95% CI: 1.09-3.46), and having prior TB knowledge (AOR 18.45, 95% CI: 9.8-34.74) were positively associated with TB screening. Participants in the age group 36-49 years had significantly higher odds of self-reporting TB screening, compared with those aged 18-25 years (AOR 1.37, 95% CI 1.07-1.77). Migrant workers from Mozambique (OR 0.52, 95% CI: 0.34-0.79) and Zimbabwe (OR 0.71, 95% CI 0.57-0.89) were significantly less likely to self-report TB screening compared to their South African counterparts. CONCLUSION The findings underscore the importance of workplace health services in achieving end-TB targets. We recommend programs and interventions for preventing TB in South Africa that target the agricultural sector in general, and in particular migrant workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nosimilo Mlangeni
- National Institute for Occupational Health, A division of the National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa,Department of Global Health, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa,CONTACT Nosimilo Mlangeni National Institute for Occupational Health, 25 Hospital Street, Braamfontein2001
| | - Molebogeng Malotle
- National Institute for Occupational Health, A division of the National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Felix Made
- National Institute for Occupational Health, A division of the National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Jonathan Ramodike
- National Institute for Occupational Health, A division of the National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa,School of Health Systems and Public Health, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Yandisa Sikweyiya
- Gender & Health Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Pretoria, South Africa,School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | | | | | - Muzimkhulu Zungu
- National Institute for Occupational Health, A division of the National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa,School of Health Systems and Public Health, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
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Zhang Q, Huang H, Li J, Niu Y, Sun P, Cheng F. Knowledge, attitudes and practices of patients with chronic pharyngitis toward laryngopharyngeal reflux in Suzhou, China. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:2542. [PMID: 38115020 PMCID: PMC10731724 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-17463-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to investigate the knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) of patients with chronic pharyngitis in Suzhou, China toward laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR). METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted in patients with chronic pharyngitis in Suzhou, China at the otolaryngology outpatient clinic of the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University between November, 2022, and May, 2023. Data was collected through a self-designed online questionnaire encompassing the sociodemographic characteristics and three dimensions of KAP. The questionnaire was administered using SoJump, and data were exported from this platform. Subsequently, statistical analysis, including Structural Equation Modeling, was performed using SPSS 22 software to evaluate the KAP scores. RESULTS A total of 487 valid questionnaires were collected, with 275 (56.35%) female patients. The mean score of KAP were 4.76 ± 2.93 (possible range: 0-11), 33.10 ± 4.46 (possible range: 8-40), 31.29 ± 6.04 (possible range: 8-40), respectively. Pearson's correlation analysis showed significant positive correlations between knowledge and attitude dimensions (r = 0.413, P < 0.001), knowledge and practice dimensions (r = 0.355, P < 0.001), and attitude and practice dimensions (r = 0.481, P < 0.001). Structural equation modeling revealed that education exhibited positive effect on knowledge (β = 0.476, P < 0.001) and attitude (β = 0.600, P < 0.001), and having family history of chronic pharyngitis showed positive effect on knowledge (β = 0.580, P = 0.047), experienced with reflux symptoms showed positive effect on knowledge (β = 0.838, P = 0.001) and attitude (β = 0.631, P = 0.085). Moreover, knowledge showed positive effect on attitude (β = 0.555, P < 0.001) and practice (β = 0.351, P < 0.001). Attitude, in turn, showed positive effect on practice (β = 0.511, P < 0.001). CONCLUSION Patients with chronic pharyngitis had inadequate knowledge, positive attitudes and suboptimal practices toward LPR. Education, family history of chronic pharyngitis, experienced with reflux symptoms might have effect on their KAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiumin Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
| | - Haiping Huang
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
| | - Jiachen Li
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
| | - Yuyu Niu
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
| | - Peng Sun
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China.
| | - Fuwei Cheng
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China.
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Bangoura ST, Hounmenou CG, Sidibé S, Camara SC, Mbaye A, Olive MM, Camara A, Delamou A, Keita AK, Delaporte E, Khanafer N, Touré A. Exploratory analysis of the knowledge, attitudes and perceptions of healthcare workers about arboviruses in the context of surveillance in the Republic of Guinea. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2023; 17:e0011814. [PMID: 38048341 PMCID: PMC10721174 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0011814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The escalating risk and contemporary occurrences of arbovirus infections prompt a critical inquiry into the ability of nations to execute efficient surveillance systems capable to detect, prevent and respond to arbovirus outbreaks. Healthcare workers (HCWs) are the major actors in the surveillance of infectious diseases with epidemic potential. The objective of this study was to evaluate the knowledge, attitudes and perceptions of HCWs regarding arboviruses in the public health facilities of Conakry, Guinea. METHODS A cross-sectional survey was conducted during the from December 27, 2022, to January 31, 2023, encompassing from public health facilities in Conakry. The data collection process encompassed various aspects, including the characteristics of health facilities, socio-demographic and professional attributes of HCWs, the information received concerning arboviruses and the sources of information, as well as a series of inquiries designed to evaluate their knowledge, attitudes and perceptions. Subsequently, scores were computed for knowledge, attitude and perception. To identify the factors influencing the knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions of HCWs regarding arboviruses, Decision Tree and Inference Conditional Tree models were used. RESULTS A total of 352 HCWs participated in the study, comprising 219 from national hospitals, 72 from municipal hospitals and 61 from primary health centers. More than half of the respondents (54.3%) had never received information on arboviruses. Only 1% of the respondents had good knowledge about arboviruses, 95.7% had a negative attitude about arboviruses. Moreover, nearly 60% of the respondents had a moderate perception and 24.1% had a good perception. The analysis revealed significant associations between the knowledge and attitudes of respondents concerning arboviruses and their years of professional experience and age. CONCLUSION This study highlights the imperative requirement for comprehensive training targeting HCWs to enhance their capacity for early case detection within healthcare facilities. Additionally, there is a crucial need for analogous studies adopting a mixed-methods approach across all healthcare regions in Guinea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salifou Talassone Bangoura
- Centre de Recherche et de Formation en Infectiologie de Guinée (CERFIG), Gamal Abdel Nasser University, Conakry, Republic of Guinea
- Department of Public Health, Gamal Abdel Nasser University, Conakry, Republic of Guinea
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biological Sciences, Gamal Abdel Nasser University, Conakry, Republic of Guinea
| | - Castro Gbêmêmali Hounmenou
- Centre de Recherche et de Formation en Infectiologie de Guinée (CERFIG), Gamal Abdel Nasser University, Conakry, Republic of Guinea
| | - Sidikiba Sidibé
- Department of Public Health, Gamal Abdel Nasser University, Conakry, Republic of Guinea
- African Centre of Excellence in the Prevention and Control of Communicable Diseases (CEA-PCMT), Faculty of Sciences and Health Techniques, Gamal Abdel Nasser University, Conakry, Republic of Guinea
| | - Saidouba Cherif Camara
- Centre de Recherche et de Formation en Infectiologie de Guinée (CERFIG), Gamal Abdel Nasser University, Conakry, Republic of Guinea
| | - Aminata Mbaye
- Centre de Recherche et de Formation en Infectiologie de Guinée (CERFIG), Gamal Abdel Nasser University, Conakry, Republic of Guinea
| | - Marie-Marie Olive
- CIRAD, UMR ASTRE, F-34398 Montpellier, France
- ASTRE, University of Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Montpellier, France
| | - Alioune Camara
- Centre de Recherche et de Formation en Infectiologie de Guinée (CERFIG), Gamal Abdel Nasser University, Conakry, Republic of Guinea
- Department of Public Health, Gamal Abdel Nasser University, Conakry, Republic of Guinea
- African Centre of Excellence in the Prevention and Control of Communicable Diseases (CEA-PCMT), Faculty of Sciences and Health Techniques, Gamal Abdel Nasser University, Conakry, Republic of Guinea
| | - Alexandre Delamou
- Department of Public Health, Gamal Abdel Nasser University, Conakry, Republic of Guinea
- African Centre of Excellence in the Prevention and Control of Communicable Diseases (CEA-PCMT), Faculty of Sciences and Health Techniques, Gamal Abdel Nasser University, Conakry, Republic of Guinea
| | - Alpha-Kabinet Keita
- Centre de Recherche et de Formation en Infectiologie de Guinée (CERFIG), Gamal Abdel Nasser University, Conakry, Republic of Guinea
| | - Eric Delaporte
- Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et les Maladies Infectieuses (TransVIHMI), University of Montpellier, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), 34394 Montpellier, France
| | - Nagham Khanafer
- PHE3ID Team, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI), Inserm U1111, CNRS UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, Université de Lyon 1, Lyon, France
- Hygiene, Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Edouard Herriot Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Abdoulaye Touré
- Centre de Recherche et de Formation en Infectiologie de Guinée (CERFIG), Gamal Abdel Nasser University, Conakry, Republic of Guinea
- Department of Public Health, Gamal Abdel Nasser University, Conakry, Republic of Guinea
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biological Sciences, Gamal Abdel Nasser University, Conakry, Republic of Guinea
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Zou L, Ma H, Sharifi MS, Deng W, Kan X, Luo J, Bai Y, Ouyang Y, Zhou W. The perception and interpretation of malaria among Chinese construction workers in sub-Saharan Africa: a qualitative study. Malar J 2023; 22:305. [PMID: 37817161 PMCID: PMC10563337 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-023-04739-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cooperation between China and Africa is deepening, and business, trade, and people-to-people exchanges are growing closer together, especially in the infrastructure construction field. At the same time, malaria has become a serious health concern for Chinese construction workers in Africa, who are at increased risk of infection and complications due to lack of immunity and exposure to high-transmission environments. One of the biggest challenges in fighting malaria is their lack of knowledge and misinterpretations about the disease, which can impact their need for interventions, adherence to treatments, and health services. This study aims to determine the perception and interpretation of malaria among Chinese construction workers in sub-Saharan Africa. METHODS Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 20 Chinese construction workers in sub-Saharan Africa. Some early respondents initially made contact through two Chinese construction companies in Africa, while the rest of the participants were engaged via a snowball method by the early participants. NVivo10, a qualitative research data management software and a thematic approach, was used to analyze the data and create themes. In order to achieve the general study goals, an inductive content analysis was applied. RESULTS The study classified participants' perceptions and interpretations of malaria into four categories: flu-like malaria, the rumors of malaria, the hard-to-explain confusion about malaria, and the special interpretation of malaria. CONCLUSION Malaria poses major health issues to Chinese construction workers in sub-Saharan Africa who lack immunity and live in an environment of high transmission. Their dearth of awareness and misunderstanding of malaria impacts their prevention and treatment behaviors and health outcomes. This study adopts qualitative methods to examine their perceptions and interpretations of malaria, which can serve as a source for future health management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zou
- School of Humanties, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Haohao Ma
- School of Humanties, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | | | - Wenyu Deng
- Insurance Professional College, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Xiaoyu Kan
- School of Humanties, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Junfei Luo
- School of Humanties, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Yin Bai
- School of Humanties, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Yunling Ouyang
- School of Humanties, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Wenjuan Zhou
- School of Humanties, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China.
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Rausche P, Rakotoarivelo RA, Rakotozandrindrainy R, Rakotomalala RS, Ratefiarisoa S, Rasamoelina T, Kutz JM, Jaeger A, Hoeppner Y, Lorenz E, May J, Puradiredja DI, Fusco D. Awareness and knowledge of female genital schistosomiasis in a population with high endemicity: a cross-sectional study in Madagascar. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1278974. [PMID: 37886060 PMCID: PMC10598593 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1278974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Female genital schistosomiasis (FGS) is a neglected disease with long-term physical and psychosocial consequences, affecting approximately 50 million women worldwide and generally representing an unmet medical need on a global scale. FGS is the chronic manifestation of a persistent infection with Schistosoma haematobium. FGS services are not routinely offered in endemic settings with a small percentage of women at risk receiving adequate care. Madagascar has over 60% prevalence of FGS and no guidelines for the management of the disease. This study aimed to determine FGS knowledge among women and health care workers (HCWs) in a highly endemic area of Madagascar. Methods A convenience sampling strategy was used for this cross-sectional study. Descriptive statistics including proportions and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated, reporting socio-demographic characteristics of the population. Knowledge sources were evaluated descriptively. Binary Poisson regression with robust standard errors was performed; crude (CPR) and adjusted prevalence ratio (APR) with 95% CIs were calculated. Results A total of 783 participants were included in the study. Among women, 11.3% (n = 78) were aware of FGS while among the HCWs 53.8% (n = 50) were aware of FGS. The highest level of knowledge was observed among women in an urban setting [24%, (n = 31)] and among those with a university education/vocational training [23% (n = 13)]. A lower APR of FGS knowledge was observed in peri-urban [APR 0.25 (95% CI: 0.15; 0.45)] and rural [APR 0.37 (95% CI 0.22; 0.63)] settings in comparison to the urban setting. Most HCWs reported other HCWs [40% (n = 20)] while women mainly reported their family [32% (n = 25)] as being their main source of information in the 6 months prior to the survey. Discussion and conclusions Our study shows limited awareness and knowledge of FGS among population groups in the highly endemic Boeny region of Madagascar. With this study we contribute to identifying an important health gap in Madagascar, which relates to a disease that can silently affect millions of women worldwide. In alignment with the targets of the NTD roadmap, addressing schistosomiasis requires a paradigm shift for its control and management including a greater focus on chronic forms of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pia Rausche
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research, Hamburg-Borstel-Lübeck-Riems, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Jean-Marc Kutz
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research, Hamburg-Borstel-Lübeck-Riems, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Anna Jaeger
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Yannick Hoeppner
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Eva Lorenz
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research, Hamburg-Borstel-Lübeck-Riems, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jürgen May
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research, Hamburg-Borstel-Lübeck-Riems, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Tropical Medicine I, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany
| | - Dewi Ismajani Puradiredja
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Daniela Fusco
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research, Hamburg-Borstel-Lübeck-Riems, Hamburg, Germany
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Lopes-Rafegas I, Cox H, Mora T, Sicuri E. The contribution of risk perception and social norms to reported preventive behaviour against selected vector-borne diseases in Guyana. Sci Rep 2023; 13:16866. [PMID: 37803142 PMCID: PMC10558444 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-43991-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Preventing vector-borne diseases (VBDs) mainly relies on effective vector control tools and strategies, which in turn depend on population acceptance and adherence. Inspired by the abundant recent literature on SARS-COV-2, we investigate the relationship between risk perception and preventive behaviour for selected VBDs and the extent to which risk perception is determined by social norms. We use cross-sectional data collected from 497 individuals in four regions of Guyana in 2017. We use a conditional mixed process estimator with multilevel coefficients, estimated through a Generalized Linear Model (GLM) framework, applying a simultaneous equation structure. We find robust results on malaria: risk perception was significantly influenced by the risk perception of the reference group across different definitions of the reference group, hinting at the existence of social norms. Risk perception significantly increased the likelihood of passive behaviour by 4.48%. Less clear-cut results were found for dengue. This study applies quantitative social science methods to public health issues in the context of VBDs. Our findings point to the relevance of tailoring communications on health risks for VBDs to groups defined at the intersection of socio-economic and demographic characteristics. Such tailored strategies are expected to align risk perception among reference groups and boost preventive behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Horace Cox
- Vector Control Services, Ministry of Health, Georgetown, Guyana
| | - Toni Mora
- Research Institute for Evaluation and Public Policies (IRAPP), Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (UIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elisa Sicuri
- ISGlobal, Hospital Clínic Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
- LSE Health, London School of Economics and Political Science, London, UK.
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Zhang Y, Zahreddine M, Abreu K, Dantas MA, Charland K, Pierce L, Ridde V, Zinszer K. Knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) and risk factors on dengue fever among children in Brazil, Fortaleza: A cross-sectional study. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2023; 17:e0011110. [PMID: 37747907 PMCID: PMC10553826 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0011110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dengue fever is a mosquito-borne viral disease that is associated with four serotypes of the dengue virus. Children are vulnerable to infection with the dengue virus, particularly those who have been previously infected with a different dengue serotype. Sufficient knowledge, positive attitudes, and proper practices (KAP) are essential for dengue prevention and control. This study aims to estimate the dengue seropositivity for study participants and to examine the association between households' dengue-related knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP), and children's risk of dengue seropositivity, while accounting for socioeconomic and demographic differences in Brazil. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS This analysis was based on a cross-sectional study from Fortaleza, Brazil between November 2019, and February 2020. There were 392 households and 483 participant children who provided a sample of sufficient quality for serological analysis. The main exposure was a household's dengue-related knowledge, attitudes, and practices, assessed through a questionnaire to construct a composite KAP score categorized into three levels: low, moderate, and high. The main outcome is dengue immunoglobulin G(IgG) antibodies, collected using dried blood spots and assessed with Panbio Dengue IgG indirect ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays) test commercial kits. The estimated crude dengue seroprevalence among participating children (n = 483) was 25%. Five percent of households (n = 20) achieved a score over 75% for KAP, sixty-nine percent of households (n = 271) scored between 50% and 75%, and twenty-six percent of households (n = 101) scored lower than 50%. Each KAP domain was significantly and positively associated with the others. The mean percentage scores for the three domains are 74%, 63%, and 39% respectively. We found high household KAP scores were associated with an increased adjusted relative risk (aRR) of seropositivity (aRR: 2.11, 95% CI: 1.11-4.01, p = 0.023). Household adult respondents' education level of elementary school or higher was negatively associated with children's risk of being seropositive (aRR: 0.65, 95% CI: 0.48-0.87, p = 0.005). The risk of seropositivity in older children (6-12 years old) was over 6 times that of younger children (2-5 years old) (aRR: 6.08, 95% CI: 3.47-10.64, p<0.001). Children living in households with sealed water tanks or no water storage had a lower risk of being seropositive (aRR: 0.73, 95% CI: 0.54-0.98, p = 0.035). CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE Our results provide insight into the prevalence of dengue seropositivity in Fortaleza, Brazil in children, and certain demographic and socioeconomic characteristics associated with children's risk of being seropositive. They also suggest that KAP may not identify those more at-risk for dengue, although understanding and enhancing households' KAP is crucial for effective community dengue control and prevention initiatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhang
- School of Population and Global Health, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Monica Zahreddine
- Center for Public Health Research, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | | | - Katia Charland
- Center for Public Health Research, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Laura Pierce
- Center for Public Health Research, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Valéry Ridde
- Institute for Research on Sustainable Development, CEPED (IRD-Université de Paris), Université de Paris, ERL INSERM SAGESUD, Paris, France
| | - Kate Zinszer
- Center for Public Health Research, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- School of Public Health, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Lun X, Yang R, Lin L, Wang Y, Wang J, Guo Y, Xiu P, Zhu C, Liu Q, Xu L, Meng F. Effects of the source of information and knowledge of dengue fever on the mosquito control behavior of residents of border areas of Yunnan, China. Parasit Vectors 2023; 16:311. [PMID: 37658374 PMCID: PMC10472605 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-023-05916-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Strengthening the mosquito control measures undertaken by residents of an area where dengue fever is present can significantly decrease the spread of this disease. The aim of this study was to explore the effects of the source of information and knowledge of dengue fever on the mosquito control behavior of residents of areas at high risk of this disease to determine effective ways of enhancing this behavior. METHODS A survey was conducted via face-to-face interviews or questionnaires between March and May 2021 in three regions of the province of Yunnan, China. The survey included basic information about the respondents, the source(s) of their dengue fever information, the level of their dengue fever knowledge, and the measures they had implemented to control mosquitoes. Principal component analysis was used to extract the main components of the sources of information. Correlation analysis and structural equation analysis were used to explore the impact of the sources of information and residents' dengue fever knowledge on their mosquito control behavior. RESULTS Publicity achieved through mass media, including official WeChat accounts, magazines/newspapers, poster leaflets, television/radio and the Internet, had a direct effect on dengue fever knowledge and mosquito control behavior, and indirectly affected mosquito control behavior through dengue fever knowledge. Organized publicity campaigns, including information provided by medical staff and through community publicity, had a direct effect on dengue fever knowledge and indirectly affected mosquito control behavior through dengue fever knowledge. The residents' level of dengue fever knowledge had a significant, positive, direct effect on their mosquito control behavior. CONCLUSIONS Mosquito control is an important measure for the prevention and control of outbreaks of dengue fever. An effective source of information can improve the level of dengue fever knowledge among residents and thus enhance their mosquito control behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinchang Lun
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 102206, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Yang
- Yunnan Institute of Parasitic Diseases Control, Pu´er, 665000, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Linghong Lin
- Fuzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Fuzhou, 350004, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiguan Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 102206, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 102206, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuhong Guo
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 102206, People's Republic of China
| | - Pengcheng Xiu
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 102206, People's Republic of China
| | - Caiying Zhu
- Changsha Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changsha, 410004, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiyong Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 102206, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Xu
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Fengxia Meng
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 102206, People's Republic of China.
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Gaillet M, Musset L, Cropet C, Djossou F, Mallard A, Odonne G, Davy D, Douine M, Epelboin L, Lazrek Y, Mathieu L, Nacher M, Mosnier E. Determination of different social groups' level of knowledge about malaria in a multicultural Amazonian cross-border context. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:1585. [PMID: 37598208 PMCID: PMC10439639 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-16507-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A steady decline in the number of cases of malaria was observed in the 2000s in French Guiana. This enabled regional health policies to shift their public health goal from control to elimination. To include inhabitants in this strategy, the main objective of this study was to describe knowledge about malaria, and related attitudes and practices in persons living in the French Guiana border. METHODS We conducted a survey in people over 15 years old living in the twelve neighbourhoods of Saint-Georges de l'Oyapock with the highest malaria incidence. It comprised a 147-item questionnaire which collected data on socio-demographic characteristics and included a Knowledge Attitude and Practices survey on malaria. Knowledge-related data were studied using exploratory statistical methods to derive summary variables. A binary variable assessing level of knowledge was proposed and then assessed using exploratory approaches. RESULTS The mean age of the 844 participants was 37.2 years [15.8], the male/female sex ratio was 0.8. In terms of nationality, 485 (57.5%) participants were Brazilian and 352 (41.7%) French. One third (305, 36.1%) spoke Brazilian Portuguese as their native language, 295 (34.9%) the Amerindian language Palikur, 36 (4.3%) French. The symptoms of malaria and prevention means were poorly known by 213 (25.2%) and 378 (44.8%) respondents, respectively. A quarter (206, 24.4%) did not know that malaria can be fatal. Overall, 251 people (29.7%) had an overall poor level of knowledge about malaria. Being under 25 years old, living in a native Amerindian neighbourhood, having an Amerindian mother tongue language, having risk behaviours related to gold mining were significantly associated with a poor level of knowledge. CONCLUSIONS This study is the first to describe the poor level of knowledge about malaria in populations living in the malaria endemic border area along the Oyapock river in French Guiana. Results will allow to reinforce, to diversify and to culturally adapt prevention messages and health promotion to increase their effectiveness with a view to quickly reaching the goal of malaria elimination through empowerment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélanie Gaillet
- Service des Centres Délocalisés de Prévention et de Soins, Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon, Cayenne, French Guiana, France.
- Écosystèmes Amazoniens Et Pathologie Tropicale, EA3593, Université de Guyane, Cayenne, French Guiana, France.
| | - Lise Musset
- Laboratoire de Parasitologie, Centre National de Référence du Paludisme, Pôle Zones Endémiques, WHO Collaborating Center for Surveillance of Antimalarial Drug Resistance, Institut Pasteur de La Guyane, Cayenne, French Guiana, France
| | - Claire Cropet
- Centre d'investigation Clinique, INSERM1424, Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon, Cayenne, French Guiana, France
| | - Félix Djossou
- Écosystèmes Amazoniens Et Pathologie Tropicale, EA3593, Université de Guyane, Cayenne, French Guiana, France
- Unité de Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon, Cayenne, French Guiana, France
| | - Adeline Mallard
- Laboratoire de Parasitologie, Centre National de Référence du Paludisme, Pôle Zones Endémiques, WHO Collaborating Center for Surveillance of Antimalarial Drug Resistance, Institut Pasteur de La Guyane, Cayenne, French Guiana, France
| | - Guillaume Odonne
- UMSR Laboratoire Écologie, Évolution, Interactions des Systèmes Amazoniens, CNRS-Université de Guyane-IFREMER, OHM Oyapock, Cayenne, French Guiana, France
| | - Damien Davy
- UMSR Laboratoire Écologie, Évolution, Interactions des Systèmes Amazoniens, CNRS-Université de Guyane-IFREMER, OHM Oyapock, Cayenne, French Guiana, France
| | - Maylis Douine
- Écosystèmes Amazoniens Et Pathologie Tropicale, EA3593, Université de Guyane, Cayenne, French Guiana, France
- Centre d'investigation Clinique, INSERM1424, Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon, Cayenne, French Guiana, France
| | - Loic Epelboin
- Écosystèmes Amazoniens Et Pathologie Tropicale, EA3593, Université de Guyane, Cayenne, French Guiana, France
- Unité de Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon, Cayenne, French Guiana, France
| | - Yassamine Lazrek
- Laboratoire de Parasitologie, Centre National de Référence du Paludisme, Pôle Zones Endémiques, WHO Collaborating Center for Surveillance of Antimalarial Drug Resistance, Institut Pasteur de La Guyane, Cayenne, French Guiana, France
| | - Luana Mathieu
- Laboratoire de Parasitologie, Centre National de Référence du Paludisme, Pôle Zones Endémiques, WHO Collaborating Center for Surveillance of Antimalarial Drug Resistance, Institut Pasteur de La Guyane, Cayenne, French Guiana, France
| | - Mathieu Nacher
- Centre d'investigation Clinique, INSERM1424, Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon, Cayenne, French Guiana, France
| | - Emilie Mosnier
- Service des Centres Délocalisés de Prévention et de Soins, Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon, Cayenne, French Guiana, France
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, IRD, SESSTIM, Sciences Economiques & Sociales de La Santé & Traitement de L'Information Médicale, ISSPAM, Marseille, France
- ANRS, MIE, University of Health Sciences, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
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22
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Deressa A, Gamachu M, Birhanu A, Mamo Ayana G, Raru TB, Negash B, Merga BT, Regassa LD, Ababulgu FA. Malaria Risk Perception and Preventive Behaviors Among Elementary School Students, Southwest Ethiopia. Generalized Structural Equation Model. Infect Drug Resist 2023; 16:4579-4592. [PMID: 37465183 PMCID: PMC10351682 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s415376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In 2020, more than three billion of the world's population were the risk of being infected with malaria and four out of five deaths were from the African population. However, information is scarce on the association between risk perceptions and malaria prevention behaviors in resource-limited countries, particularly Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aimed to assess malaria risk perceptions and preventive behaviors. Methods A cross-sectional study design was conducted among 401 elementary school students in Jimma zone, Oromia, Ethiopia, from April 2 to June 8, 2020. Data were collected through interviews using a semi-structured questionnaire. The data were entered into Epi-data 4.6 and analyzed using STATA version 14.2. The descriptive statistics were presented using frequency and percentages. A Cronbach's α coefficient of 0.7 or higher was used to assess the reliability of each domain. The Generalized Structural Equation Model (GSEM) was employed to examine the relationships and prediction of explanatory variables with risk perception and preventive behaviors of malaria. The model with a lower information criterion was taken as a better-fitting model. Finally, the statistically significant model effects were declared at a P-value of less than 0.05 at a confidence interval of 95%. Results This study showed that having knowledge about malaria had an indirect positive effect on malaria preventive behavior (β = 1.29, 95% CI 0.11 to 2.47), and had a positive total effect on the preventive behavior (β = 2.99, 95% CI 0.08 to 2.67). Besides, an increased knowledge level had a direct positive effect on malaria risk perceptions (β = 0.08, 95% CI 0.01 to 0.14), and malaria risk perception had a direct positive effect on malaria preventive behavior (β = 1.21, 95% CI 0.10 to 2.31). Conclusion and Recommendation This study demonstrated that having knowledge about malaria had a direct and indirect association with malaria preventive behavior. An increased level of knowledge had a direct positive effect on malaria risk perceptions. Moreover, malaria risk perception had a direct positive effect on malaria preventive behavior. Therefore, malaria prevention-targeted interventions, behavior change, and knowledge enhancing communication should be enhanced or scaled up to contribute to prompt treatment and progress toward the elimination of malaria.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mulugeta Gamachu
- School of Medicine, CHMS, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
- Departments of Public Health, Rift Valley University, Harar, Ethiopia
| | - Abdi Birhanu
- School of Medicine, CHMS, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
| | | | | | - Belay Negash
- School of Public Health, CHMS, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
| | | | | | - Fira Abamecha Ababulgu
- Department of Health, Behavior, and Society, Faculty of Public Health Institute of Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
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23
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Glover B, Lee GO, Suing O, Ha TA, Thongsripong P, Cevallos V, Ponce P, Van Wyk H, Morrison AC, Coloma J, Eisenberg JN. Validity of Self-Reported Mosquito Bites to Assess Household Mosquito Abundance in Six Communities of Esmeraldas Province, Ecuador. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2023; 108:981-986. [PMID: 37037437 PMCID: PMC10160883 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.22-0371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Mosquito-borne diseases are a global burden; however, current methods of evaluating human-mosquito contact rates are expensive and time consuming. Validated surveys of self-reported mosquito bites may be an inexpensive way to determine mosquito presence and bite exposure level in an area, but this remains untested. In this study, a survey of self-reported mosquito bites was validated against household mosquito abundance from six communities in Esmeraldas, Ecuador. From February 2021 to July 2022, households were interviewed monthly, and five questions were used to ask participants how often they were bitten by mosquitoes at different times during the day. At the same time, adult mosquitoes were collected using a Prokopack aspirator. Species were identified and counted. Survey responses were compared with the total number of mosquitoes found in the home using negative binomial regression. More frequent self-reported mosquito bites were significantly associated with higher numbers of collected adult mosquitoes. These associations were driven by the prevalence of the dominant genera, Culex. These results suggest that surveys of perceived mosquito bites relate to actual mosquito presence, making them a potentially useful tool for determining the impact of vector-control interventions on community perceptions of risk but less useful for assessing the risk of nondominant species such as Aedes aegypti. Further work is needed to examine the robustness of these results in other contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Glover
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Gwenyth O. Lee
- Rutgers Global Health Institute, Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey
| | - Oscar Suing
- Centro de Investigación en Enfermedades Infecciosas y Vectoriales, Instituto Nacional de Investigación en Salud Pública, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Thien-An Ha
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California
| | - Panpim Thongsripong
- Florida Medical Entomology Laboratory, Department of Entomology and Nematology, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Vero Beach, Florida
| | - Varsovia Cevallos
- Centro de Investigación en Enfermedades Infecciosas y Vectoriales, Instituto Nacional de Investigación en Salud Pública, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Patricio Ponce
- Centro de Investigación en Enfermedades Infecciosas y Vectoriales, Instituto Nacional de Investigación en Salud Pública, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Hannah Van Wyk
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Amy C. Morrison
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of California Davis School of Veterinary Medicine, Davis, California
| | - Josefina Coloma
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California
| | - Joseph N.S. Eisenberg
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
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Dutta B. Determinants Influenced by COVID-19 Vaccine: Employing the Health Action Process Approach and the Belief in Conspiracy Theories. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:vaccines11040730. [PMID: 37112642 PMCID: PMC10142525 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11040730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Vaccination is considered a practical approach to improving individuals’ health behavior to fight against the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the currently manufactured COVID-19 vaccines can only work for a limited time. Thus, continuous vaccination intention is crucially essential. The current study explores critical factors influencing citizens’ continuous vaccination intentions for COVID-19 vaccines, based on the modified health action process approach (HAPA) model and belief in a conspiracy theory. A questionnaire survey was used to collect data from people living in Taiwan. Three hundred ninety responses were employed for the final investigation. The findings suggest that openness to experience, government communication, and pandemic knowledge significantly influence vaccination intention, but the COVID-19 threat is insignificant. Second, descriptive norms play a significant role in promoting vaccination intention. Third, a belief in conspiracy theories negatively influences vaccination intention. Fourth, vaccination behavior positively influences both perceived benefits and value co-creation. Fifth, perceived benefits positively impact value co-creation and continuous vaccination behavior. Finally, value co-creation has a significant influence on continuous vaccination behavior. The proposed model, the key contributor to the current study, confirms citizens’ continuous vaccination intentions in a three-stage procedure: motivation to volitional, volitional to behavior, and volitional to continuous vaccination intention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bireswar Dutta
- English Taught Program in Smart Service Management, Department of Information Technology and Management, Taipei Campus, Shih Chien University, Taipei 10462, Taiwan
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25
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Berdida DJE. Human monkeypox infection knowledge in the Philippines: An online cross-sectional survey. Heliyon 2023:e13864. [PMID: 36824324 PMCID: PMC9938543 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In July 2022, human monkeypox (Mpox) was declared by the World Health Organization public health emergency of global concern. Assessing people's knowledge about Mpox will help the government and healthcare workers create policies to prevent the spread of the virus. To the best of my knowledge, this is the first study that assessed Filipinos' Mpox knowledge. Thus, this study investigated the Filipinos' Mpox knowledge and determined the demographic variables that predicted it. Methods A descriptive cross-sectional design study participated by 557 Filipinos. This study used a 21-item Mpox knowledge survey questionnaire to collect data from July to September 2022. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the data. Results Most participants (53.74%) were above 30 years old, females (68.87%), residing in Luzon (54.96%), college graduates (61.04%), Catholics (78.61%), and employed (68%). Social media, particularly Facebook (57.91%), is the common source of Mpox-related information (78.61%). Participants' age (>30 years old) is the only predictor of Mpox infection knowledge (aOR: 3.13; 95%CI: 1.25-7.87, p = 0.015). They are three times more likely to be knowledgeable than those under 30. Conclusion The findings highlight the importance of evidence-based strategies for increasing public knowledge and awareness. The government, healthcare workers, and the public should adopt proactive preventive measures against Mpox to prevent future pandemics.
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Xu T, Shao M, Liu R, Wu X, Zheng K. Risk Perception, Perceived Government Coping Validity, and Individual Response in the Early Stage of the COVID-19 Pandemic in China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:ijerph20031982. [PMID: 36767349 PMCID: PMC9915099 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20031982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
As a major crisis event, the COVID-19 pandemic has affected the global economy, threatened the lives of the public, and caused varying degrees of impact on the public. Previous studies have shown that risk perception and government response had different impacts on the public, but they revealed more about the independent impact of risk perception and government response on the public. This study will comprehensively consider the impacts of these two factors on the behavior of the public in the early stage of the epidemic. We analyzed data from an online survey in the early days of the COVID-19 pandemic in China and categorized individual behaviors into three dimensions: entertainment and travel, work, and the stockpile of supplies. In addition, we defined the risk perception variables by two dimensions: knowledge of the epidemic itself and knowledge of the consequences of the epidemic. At the same time, we used an exploratory factor analysis to construct the variable of perceived government coping validity and then adopted the ordinal logit model for analysis. The results showed that in terms of entertainment and travel, people would not be affected even if they fully understood the epidemic itself; once they were aware of the negative social consequences of the epidemic, people would suspend entertainment and travel to prevent the spread of the virus. As for work or employment, people would not stop working or employment even if they realized the infectivity and harmfulness of the disease and its social consequences. Furthermore, fear of COVID-19 and the perception of uncontrolled COVID-19 significantly positively affected people's material stockpiling behavior. These results indicate that different risk perceptions had different effects on individual responses, and individual behaviors reflected different coping logics. In addition, the government's effective response to the epidemic would significantly reduce the negative impacts of the epidemic on the three dimensions of people's responses. These conclusions have certain policy implications for preventing and responding to outbreaks in other countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Xu
- School of International Culture and Social Development, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321000, China
- Correspondence: (T.X.); (K.Z.)
| | - Mengyuan Shao
- School of International Culture and Social Development, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321000, China
| | - Ruiquan Liu
- School of International Culture and Social Development, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321000, China
| | - Xiaoqin Wu
- School of International Culture and Social Development, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321000, China
| | - Kai Zheng
- Department of Economics and International Trade, School of Economics, Management & Law, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi 435002, China
- Correspondence: (T.X.); (K.Z.)
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Romano I, Patte KA, de Groh M, Jiang Y, Leatherdale ST. Perceptions of and adherence to early COVID-19-related restrictions and associations with substance use among youth in Canada. Health Promot Chronic Dis Prev Can 2022; 42:479-489. [PMID: 36165768 PMCID: PMC9903852 DOI: 10.24095/hpcdp.42.11/12.03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION As a largely social behaviour, substance use may have decreased for some youth overall in Canada during the COVID-19 pandemic; however, continued use may indicate nonadherence to pandemic-related restrictions and social distancing measures. In a sample of Canadian adolescents (aged 12-19 years), our objective was to examine how substance use (cannabis, binge drinking, cigarettes, vaping) is associated with perceptions of, and adherence to, early COVID-19-related public health measures, taking into consideration sociodemographic factors. METHODS Cross-sectional data were retrieved from online data collected during Year 8 of the COMPASS school-based study, during the early months of the COVID-19 pandemic (May-July 2020) in British Columbia, Ontario and Quebec. We fitted two models using generalized estimating equations to examine how substance use was associated with separate measures of (1) perceptions of, and (2) adherence to early COVID-19 restrictions. RESULTS In our sample, 10% of adolescents perceived COVID-19 restrictions as too weak and 14% perceived them as too strict. Nearly half (46%) reported taking restrictions very seriously, and 5% did not take them seriously at all. Binge drinking, cigarette use and vaping were associated with perceptions that restrictions were too strict and with nonadherence. However, adolescents who used cannabis were less likely to perceive COVID-19-related restrictions as too strict. CONCLUSION This study highlights the association of adolescent substance use with perceptions of, and adherence to, COVID-19-related public health restrictions in Canada. Our findings emphasize a need for continual monitoring of substance use behaviours during the COVID-19 pandemic to better characterize adolescent risk and further inform targeted public health strategies accordingly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabella Romano
- School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
- Applied Research Division, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Karen A Patte
- Department of Health Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada
| | - Margaret de Groh
- Applied Research Division, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ying Jiang
- Applied Research Division, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Scott T Leatherdale
- School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
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Ahmad Zamzuri M‘AI, Abd Majid FN, Dapari R, Hassan MR, Isa AMM. Perceived Risk for Dengue Infection Mediates the Relationship between Attitude and Practice for Dengue Prevention: A Study in Seremban, Malaysia. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:13252. [PMID: 36293856 PMCID: PMC9602981 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192013252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Dengue remains a public health concern due to limited curative treatment and safe vaccine availability. Prevention by individual is utmost necessary but its practice is still lacking. Perceived risk to disease has been reported to exert a good effect on health behaviour change. However, limited evidence showed its relationship towards attitude and practice for dengue prevention. Hence, we aim to measure the mediating effect of dengue risk perception in the relationship between dengue attitude and dengue prevention practice. A cross-sectional study was conducted from April 2021 to November 2021 in a district of Seremban using a pre-validated questionnaire. Informed consent was obtained from the respondents prior to inclusion in the study. The study was approved by the ethical research committee. A total of 347 respondents took part in the survey, but only 341 data points were included in the final analysis. The majority of the respondents were female (63.0%), of Malay ethnicity (86.8%), married (55.4%), and currently employed (71.0%). The pooled confirmatory factor analysis result demonstrated an RMSEA value of 0.038 (<0.08), CFI value of 0.969 (>0.90), TLI value of 0.9565 (>0.90), and ChiSq/df = 1.479 (<3.0). All the hypotheses for direct effect yielded a significant and positive relationship. Bootstrapping analysis to test for mediation revealed a partial mediation effect as both indirect and direct effects are significant. Risk perception is a mediator variable between attitude and dengue prevention practice. Therefore, our recommendation is to increase health awareness activity that helps to improve individual's risk perception through active health promotion and a health educational campaign that inculcates dengue risk messages. Ultimately, this effort can enhance good health prevention behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd ‘Ammar Ihsan Ahmad Zamzuri
- Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine, National University of Malaysia Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
- Seremban District Health Office, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Jalan Lee Sam, Bandar Seremban, Seremban 70590, Malaysia
- Malaysian Society for Environmental Epidemiology (MySEE), Persiaran Taman Melati, Taman Melati, Setapak, Kuala Lumpur 53100, Malaysia
| | - Farah Nabila Abd Majid
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Canselor Tuanku Muhriz, Faculty of Medicine, National University of Malaysia Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Rahmat Dapari
- Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Rohaizat Hassan
- Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine, National University of Malaysia Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
- Borneo Medical and Health Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Malaysia
| | - Abd Majid Mohd Isa
- Faculty of Education and Liberal Arts, INTI International University, Persiaran Perdana BBN Putra Nilai, Nilai 71800, Malaysia
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Xu T, Wu X. Risk Perception, Media, and Ordinary People's Intention to Engage in Self-Protective Behaviors in the Early Stage of COVID-19 Pandemic in China. Risk Manag Healthc Policy 2022; 15:1459-1471. [PMID: 35923555 PMCID: PMC9342871 DOI: 10.2147/rmhp.s374889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aims to examine how risk perception is associated with engagement in preventative behaviors and testing during the COVID-19 pandemic in the early stage of the COVID-19 pandemic in China. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted in February 2020, eventually obtaining 1613 participants, participants'risk perceptions, demographics (sex, age, education level, marital status, and employment status), as well as their engagement in self-protective behaviors and testing were assessed. Results Risk perception significantly affected intention to engage in self-protective behaviors, the more risk people feel, the more likely they intend to take self-protective actions(β =0.0423; P < 0.01), and simultaneously, people obtaining information on COVID-19 from Official microblogs and public accounts(OMPA) (β =0.189; P < 0.01)and Online websites(OW) (β =0.143; P < 0.1)were more inclined to take self-protective behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic. It also showed that the interaction of risk perception and Online websites negatively affected the intention to engage in self-protective behaviors(β = -0.0374; P < 0.05), and conversely, the interaction of risk perception and Overseas media(OM) positively affected self-protective intention(β = 0.0423; P < 0.1). Conclusion There was a close relationship between the risk perception and the intention to engage in self-protective behaviors. At the same time, the use of media not only directly affected the intention to engage in self-protective behaviors but also moderated the impact of risk perception on the self-protection intention. Specifically, official media directly strengthened the intention to engage in self-protective behaviors. Online websites not only directly affected self-protection intention but also moderated the effect of risk perception on it. Although overseas media had no direct effect on self-protection intention, they moderated the effect of risk perception on it. These conclusions have policy implications for governments' response to the COVID-19 epidemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Xu
- College of Law and Political Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqin Wu
- College of Law and Political Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, People’s Republic of China
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Chilanga E, Dzimbiri M, Mwanjawala P, Keller A, Mbeya RA. Religion, politics and COVID-19 risk perception among urban residents in Malawi. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:1430. [PMID: 35897087 PMCID: PMC9326149 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-13858-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Majority of Malawians have not yet adopted COVID-19 mitigation measures despite having knowledge about its infectivity, morbidity, and fatality. Understanding drivers of hesitancy to adoption of COVID-19 mitigation measures is critical as it can inform prevention programs. This study explores Malawians' COVID-19 risk perception, and the associated constraints in the adoption of mitigation efforts. A Health Belief Model (HBM) approach was used to understand perceived factors that undermine public health COVID-19 messages to reduce the spread of the pandemic in Malawi. METHODS The study applied rapid appraisal and photovoice qualitative inquiry to comprehend risk perception regarding COVID-19. We purposively selected 52 participants from three major cities in Malawi. Audio and video interviews were transcribed verbatim, and transcripts were coded manually to derive key themes and concepts. RESULTS The study identified that social factors particularly religious and political beliefs influenced COVID-19 risk perception. Specific religious beliefs pertaining to individuals recognizing signs of the 'Christian apocalypse' were particularly associated with lower risk perceptions. Politically, participants believed COVID-19 lockdown measures were a ploy by the then-ruling party to remain in power. CONCLUSION The study suggests that religious beliefs and political environment undermine self -perceived risk of contracting COVID-19 among urban dwellers in Malawi. We recommend that diverse actors in Malawi should collaborate to promote the dissemination of accurate COVID-19 discourses and reduce the severity of the pandemic's impact in Malawi.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mastano Dzimbiri
- College of Education, Health, and Society, Miami University, Oxford, USA
| | | | - Amanda Keller
- School of Social Work, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Ruth Agather Mbeya
- Department of Basic Science, University of Livingstonia, Livingstonia, Malawi.
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Kearney M, Bornstein M, Fall M, Nianogo R, Glik D, Massey P. Cross-sectional study of COVID-19 knowledge, beliefs and prevention behaviours among adults in Senegal. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e057914. [PMID: 35618332 PMCID: PMC9136694 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-057914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of the study was to explore COVID-19 beliefs and prevention behaviours in a francophone West African nation, Senegal. DESIGN This was a cross-sectional analysis of survey data collected via a multimodal observational study. PARTICIPANTS Senegalese adults aged 18 years or older (n=1452). PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES Primary outcome measures were COVID-19 prevention behaviours. Secondary outcome measures included COVID-19 knowledge and beliefs. Univariate, bivariate and multivariate statistics were generated to describe the sample and explore potential correlations. SETTING Participants from Senegal were recruited online and telephonically between June and August 2020. RESULTS Mask wearing, hand washing and use of hand sanitiser were most frequently reported. Social distancing and staying at home were also reported although to a lower degree. Knowledge and perceived risk of COVID-19 were very high in general, but risk was a stronger and more influential predictor of COVID-19 prevention behaviours. Men, compared with women, had lower odds (adjusted OR (aOR)=0.59, 95% CI 0.46 to 0.75, p<0.001) of reporting prevention behaviours. Rural residents (vs urban; aOR=1.49, 95% CI 1.12 to 1.98, p=0.001) and participants with at least a high school education (vs less than high school education; aOR=1.33, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.76, p=0.006) were more likely to report COVID-19 prevention behaviours. CONCLUSIONS In Senegal, we observed high compliance with recommended COVID-19 prevention behaviours among our sample of respondents, in particular for masking and personal hygiene practice. We also identified a range of psychosocial and demographic predictors for COVID-19 prevention behaviours such as knowledge and perceived risk. Stakeholders and decision makers in Senegal and across Africa can use place-based evidence like ours to address COVID-19 risk factors and intervene effectively with policies and programming. Use of both phone and online surveys enhances representation and study generalisability and should be considered in future research with hard-to-reach populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Kearney
- Department Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Marta Bornstein
- Department of Epidemiology, Ohio State University College of Public Health, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Marieme Fall
- The African Health and Education Network (NGO RAES), Dakar, Senegal
| | - Roch Nianogo
- Department of Epidemiology, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Deborah Glik
- Department of Community Health Sciences, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Philip Massey
- Department of Health, Human Performance and Recreation, University of Arkansas College of Education and Health Professions, Fayetteville, Arkansas, USA
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Knowledge of diabetes among Gambian adults: evidence from a nation-wide survey. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2022; 22:145. [PMID: 35366807 PMCID: PMC8976999 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-022-02591-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Diabetes is increasingly becoming a public health problem in developing countries like The Gambia. Prevention of diabetes and appropriate management of the disease largely depends on correct knowledge of the risk factors and signs and symptoms of the condition. However, studies that have assessed knowledge of diabetes at population level are limited. We examined the knowledge of diabetes risk factors, and signs and symptoms among Gambian adults. Methods The 2019–2020 Gambia demographic and health survey data was used to analyze 4, 436 men and 6, 186 women. Knowledge of diabetes was assessed two-fold: (1) diabetes risk factors and (2) diabetes signs and symptoms. Several sociodemographic factors were considered for analysis. A generalized estimating equation model was fitted to test the association between the selected sociodemographic factors and diabetes knowledge. Results Among the men, 7.6% and 3.1% had knowledge about diabetes risk factors, and signs and symptoms, respectively. Approximately 3.1% and 1.2% of the women included in the analysis had knowledge of diabetes risk factors, and signs and symptoms, respectively. Men who were aged ≥ 35 years were more likely to have knowledge regarding diabetes risk factors (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 1.90, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.12–3.22), and signs and symptoms (AOR = 2.59, 95% CI = 1.08–6.17). Having access to media was associated with increased odds of having knowledge regarding diabetes risk factors (AOR = 1.61, 95% CI = 1.09–2.37) and signs and symptoms (AOR = 2.04, 95% CI = 1.07–3.88) among men. Among other factors, educational level was positively associated with having diabetes knowledge among both men and women. Heterogeneities regarding diabetes knowledge were observed among different regions and areas of residence. Conclusion There is a need to improve awareness regarding diabetes in The Gambia as low knowledge has been observed. Programs aimed to improve diabetes knowledge should consider regional and area of residence variations in their designs. The use of mass media and strengthening the education sector in The Gambia may be of importance in raising diabetes knowledge among Gambian adults.
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Koray MH, Adomah-Afari A, Punguyiri D, Naawa A. Knowledge of sexually transmitted infections among senior high school adolescents in the Wa Municipality of Ghana. GLOBAL HEALTH JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.glohj.2022.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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Determining Perceived Self-Efficacy for Preventing Dengue Fever in Two Climatically Diverse Mexican States: A Cross-Sectional Study. Behav Sci (Basel) 2022; 12:bs12040094. [PMID: 35447666 PMCID: PMC9031455 DOI: 10.3390/bs12040094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Knowledge of dengue fever and perceived self-efficacy toward dengue prevention does not necessarily translate to the uptake of mosquito control measures. Understanding how these factors (knowledge and self-efficacy) influence mosquito control measures in Mexico is limited. Our study sought to bridge this knowledge gap by assessing individual-level variables that affect the use of mosquito control measures. A cross-sectional survey with 623 participants was administered online in Mexico from April to July 2021. Multiple linear regression and multiple logistic regression models were used to explore factors that predicted mosquito control scale and odds of taking measures to control mosquitoes in the previous year, respectively. Self-efficacy (β = 0.323, p-value = < 0.0001) and knowledge about dengue reduction scale (β = 0.316, p-value =< 0.0001) were the most important predictors of mosquito control scale. The linear regression model explained 24.9% of the mosquito control scale variance. Increasing age (OR = 1.064, p-value =< 0.0001) and self-efficacy (OR = 1.020, p-value = 0.0024) were both associated with an increase in the odds of taking measures against mosquitoes in the previous year. There is a potential to increase mosquito control awareness and practices through the increase in knowledge about mosquito reduction and self-efficacy in Mexico.
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Udoakang AJ, Djomkam Zune AL, Tapela K, Owoicho O, Fagbohun IK, Anyigba CA, Lowe M, Nganyewo NN, Keneme B, Olisaka FN, Henry-Ajala AN, Oboh MA, Paemka L, Amenga-Etego LN. Knowledge, attitude and perception of West Africans towards COVID-19: a survey to inform public health intervention. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:445. [PMID: 35248006 PMCID: PMC8898084 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-12814-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The first case of the novel coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) in West Africa was first confirmed in Nigeria in February 2020. Since then, several public health interventions and preventive measures have been implemented to curtail transmission of the causative agent, the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Therefore, this study was performed to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions of West Africans towards COVID-19. METHODS An online survey was conducted between 29 September to 29 October 2020 among West Africans. Thirty-three survey questions were designed to collect sociodemographic data and participants' knowledge, attitude and perception towards COVID-19. The study targeted all West African nationals who were 18 years and above, and willing to participate in the study. Participants were either in-country or abroad. RESULTS Overall, 1106 respondents (≥18 years) from 16 West African countries, with about 12.1% of them residing outside the West African subregion, participated in the survey. The respondents had an average COVID-19 knowledge score of 67.82 ± 8.31, with knowledge of the disease significantly associated with the country of residence (p = 0.00) and marginally (p = 0.05) so with settlement types (i.e., urban, suburban and rural areas). Most respondents (93.4%) could identify the main COVID-19 symptoms, and 73.20% would consult a healthcare professional if infected with SARS-CoV-2. Also, 75.2% of the respondents are willing to receive the COVID-19 vaccine, whereas 10.40% and 14.40% are unwilling and undecided, respectively. Perceptions of what constitute COVID-19 preventive measures were highly variable. Approximately, 8% of the respondents felt that their government responded excellently in managing the pandemic while a third felt that the response was just good. Also, more than half (54%) opined that isolation and treatment of COVID-19 patients is a way of curbing SARS-CoV-2 spread. CONCLUSIONS Most West Africans have basic knowledge of COVID-19 and showed a positive attitude, with likely proactive practice towards the disease. However, results showed that these varied across countries and are influenced by the types of settlements. Therefore, the health and education authorities in various countries should develop focused measures capturing people in different settlements to improve their preventative measures when designing public health interventions for COVID-19 and any future epidemics or pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aniefiok John Udoakang
- West African Centre for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens (WACCBIP), College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana.
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Medical Sciences, Laje Road, P.M.B. 536, Ondo City, Ondo State, Nigeria.
| | - Alexandra Lindsey Djomkam Zune
- West African Centre for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens (WACCBIP), College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Kesego Tapela
- West African Centre for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens (WACCBIP), College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Oloche Owoicho
- West African Centre for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens (WACCBIP), College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
- Department of Biological Sciences, Benue State University, Makurdi, Nigeria
| | | | - Claudia Adzo Anyigba
- West African Centre for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens (WACCBIP), College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Mat Lowe
- Society for the Study of Women´s Health (SSWH), Old Yundum, Gambia
| | - Nora Nghochuzie Nganyewo
- West African Centre for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens (WACCBIP), College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Medical Sciences, Laje Road, P.M.B. 536, Ondo City, Ondo State, Nigeria
- Medical Research Council Unit, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Banjul, Gambia
| | - Bineta Keneme
- Département de Biologie Animale, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Equipe Génétique et Gestion pour les Populations, Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar, BP. Box 5005, Dakar, Sénégal
| | - Frances Ngozi Olisaka
- Environmental and Public Health Microbiology, Department of Biological science, Benson Idahosa University, P.M.B 1100, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria
| | - Agatha Nkem Henry-Ajala
- Department of Zoology, Parasitology & Bioinformatics Unit, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Mary Aigbiremo Oboh
- Medical Research Council Unit, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Banjul, Gambia
| | - Lily Paemka
- West African Centre for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens (WACCBIP), College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Lucas N Amenga-Etego
- West African Centre for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens (WACCBIP), College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
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Afework A, Beyene H, Ermias A, Tamene A. Moving Up the Sanitation Ladder: A Study of the Coverage and Utilization of Improved Sanitation Facilities and Associated Factors Among Households in Southern Ethiopia. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH INSIGHTS 2022; 16:11786302221080825. [PMID: 35237046 PMCID: PMC8883407 DOI: 10.1177/11786302221080825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Improved sanitation facilities offer numerous advantages, ranging from the reduction of diarrheal illnesses and helminth infections to the improvement of psychosocial well-being. At the household level, attaining universal access to improved sanitation facilities demands a thorough understanding of the factors that influence their adoption and use. As a result, the purpose of this study was to assess the availability and utilization of improved sanitation facilities, as well as the factors that influence the adoption and proper use of such a facility among households in the Gedeb district of Southern Ethiopia. METHODS A community-based cross-sectional household survey was conducted from March to April 2019. A systematic random sampling technique was used to select 630 households at random. A pre-tested questionnaire was used to collect the respondents' self-reported data, which comprised socio-demographic, home characteristics, behavioral, and environmental elements. The factors related to the availability and utilization of improved sanitation facilities were identified using multivariable logistic regression. RESULT Improved sanitation facilities were present in 172 (27.3%) of the 630 households surveyed, with 111 (64.5%) of them being used properly. The availability of improved sanitation was associated with educational status [AOR = 2.73, 95% CI (1.59, 4.67)], upper wealth quintile [AOR = 2.18, 95% CI (1.21, 3.93)], ever hearing educational messages about latrines [AOR = 3.9, 95% CI (1.86, 8.18)], favorable attitude toward latrine construction [AOR = 2.81, 95% CI (1.67, 4.74)], and receiving support during construction [AOR = 3.78, 95% CI (2.15, 6.65)]. Furthermore, utilization was associated with the absence of children under the age of 5, knowledge of sanitation-related diseases, and a positive attitude toward latrine use. CONCLUSION Both the availability of improved sanitation facilities and the rate at which they were used properly fell far short of the National Hygiene and Environmental Health Strategy's goals. This study contributes to the body of knowledge on how to improve the availability of improved sanitation in Ethiopia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abel Afework
- Dilla University Referral Hospital, Dilla University, Dilla, Ethiopia
| | - Hunachew Beyene
- Department of Environmental Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Hawassa University, Awassa, Ethiopia
| | - Adane Ermias
- Department of Environmental Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Hawassa University, Awassa, Ethiopia
| | - Aiggan Tamene
- Department of Environmental Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wachemo University, Hosaena, Ethiopia
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Olapeju B, Adams C, Wilson S, Simpson J, Hunter GC, Davis T, Mitchum L, Cox H, James K, Orkis J, Storey JD. Malaria care-seeking and treatment ideation among gold miners in Guyana. Malar J 2022; 21:29. [PMID: 35101036 PMCID: PMC8805325 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-022-04045-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although miners are a priority population in malaria elimination in Guyana, scant literature exists on the drivers of malaria-related behaviour. This study explores the relationship between gold miners’ malaria-related ideation and the adoption of malaria care-seeking and treatment behaviours including prompt care-seeking, malaria testing, and self-medication. Methods Data are from a cross-sectional quantitative survey of 1685 adult miners between the ages of 18–59 years who live in mining camps in Regions 1, 7, and 8. The analysis focused on miners who reported an episode of fever in the past year (n = 745). Malaria care-seeking and treatment ideation was defined as a composite additive score consisting of the following variables: general malaria knowledge, perceived severity, perceived susceptibility, beliefs, perceived self-efficacy, perceived norms, interpersonal communication, and perceived response efficacy. Multivariable logistic regressions explored the relationship between ideation on care-seeking/treatment behaviours, controlling for confounding variables. Results Most miners with a recent episode of fever had perceived risk (92%), self-efficacy (67%), susceptibility (53%) and high malaria knowledge (53%). Overall, miners' care-seeking/treatment ideation score ranged from 0 to 8 with a mean of 4.1. Ideation scores were associated with higher odds of care-seeking for fever (aOR: 1.19; 95% CI 1.04–1.36), getting tested for malaria (aOR: 1.22; 95% CI 1.07–1.38) and lower odds of self-medication (aOR: 0.87; 95% CI 0.77–0.99). Conclusions A national community case management initiative is using study findings as part of its scale-up, using volunteers to make testing and treatment services more accessible to miners. This is complemented by a multi-channel mass media campaign to improve miners’ ideation. Communication messages focus on increasing miners’ knowledge of malaria transmission and symptoms, encourage positive beliefs about malaria testing and volunteer testers, promote evidence about the effectiveness of testing, and reminders of how quick and easy it is to get a malaria test with the community case management initiative. Study findings also have implications for efforts to eliminate malaria across the Guiana Shield.
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Recio-Vivas AM, Font-Jiménez I, Mansilla-Domínguez JM, Belzunegui-Eraso A, Díaz-Pérez D, Lorenzo-Allegue L, Peña-Otero D. Fear and Attitude towards SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Infection in Spanish Population during the Period of Confinement. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19020834. [PMID: 35055656 PMCID: PMC8775959 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19020834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In January 2020, the WHO classified SARS-CoV-2 infection as a public health emergency and it was declared a pandemic on 11 March 2020. The media warned about the danger of infection, fuelling the population’s fear of the new situation and increasing the perception of risk. This fear can cause behaviour that will determine the course of the pandemic and, therefore, the purpose of this study was to analyse the fear of infection from COVID-19 among the Spanish population during the state of emergency. A cross-sectional, descriptive observational study was conducted with 16,372 participants. Data on sociodemographic factors, health factors, risk perception and fear were collected through an online survey. Level of fear is associated with older age, a lower level of education, having a person infected with SARS-CoV-2 in the immediate surroundings and living with and belonging to the most socioeconomically vulnerable group of people. Risk perception is associated with increased preventive behaviour. This paper provides relevant information for the public health sector since it contributes first-hand knowledge of population data that is highly useful in terms of prevention. Understanding the experiences of people in this pandemic helps to create more effective future intervention strategies in terms of planning and management for crisis situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana María Recio-Vivas
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Biomedical and Health Science, Universidad Europea de Madrid, 28670 Madrid, Spain; (A.M.R.-V.); (I.F.-J.); (L.L.-A.)
| | - Isabel Font-Jiménez
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Biomedical and Health Science, Universidad Europea de Madrid, 28670 Madrid, Spain; (A.M.R.-V.); (I.F.-J.); (L.L.-A.)
| | - José Miguel Mansilla-Domínguez
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Biomedical and Health Science, Universidad Europea de Madrid, 28670 Madrid, Spain; (A.M.R.-V.); (I.F.-J.); (L.L.-A.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Angel Belzunegui-Eraso
- Medical Anthropology Research Centre, Department of Quantitative Methods at the Faculty of Nursing, Rovira i Virgili University, 43002 Tarragona, Spain;
| | - David Díaz-Pérez
- Respiratory Nursing Department at SEPAR, Respiratory Nurse at the Pneumology and Thoracic Surgery Service of the Hospital Universitario Nuestra Señora de Candelaria (Tenerife), 38010 Santa Cruz, Spain;
| | - Laura Lorenzo-Allegue
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Biomedical and Health Science, Universidad Europea de Madrid, 28670 Madrid, Spain; (A.M.R.-V.); (I.F.-J.); (L.L.-A.)
| | - David Peña-Otero
- Respiratory Nursing Department at SEPAR, Nurse Member of the IDIVAL and IiSGM Research Institutes, 28007 Madrid, Spain;
- Hospital de Sierrallana, Cantabrian Health Service, 39300 Torrelavega, Spain
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What Do They Know? Comparing Public Knowledge and Opinions about Rodent Management to the Expectations of Pest Controllers. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11123429. [PMID: 34944206 PMCID: PMC8698193 DOI: 10.3390/ani11123429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Integrated pest management (IPM) involves the control of pests, such as rodents, based on preventive measures and reduced use of chemical control. In view of the number of reported rodent infestations, it appears unlikely that the public has much knowledge about rodents. The objectives of this study were (i) to assess the knowledge and opinions of the public regarding prevention and control of rodent nuisance, and (ii) to assess whether pest controllers have an accurate idea of the knowledge and opinions of the public. The sample contained a total of 314 members of the public and 86 people working in the pest control sector. Responding members of the general public were asked about their knowledge and opinions about IPM in a questionnaire, whereas people working in the pest control sector were asked if they thought the general public had this knowledge and/or opinions. The results show that members of the public have a reasonable level of knowledge regarding preventive measures against rodents, which are part of IPM. People working in the pest control sector underestimate the public's knowledge of preventive measures, such as perimeter exclusion and hygiene measures. Such underestimation may affect their communication with (potential) clients.
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Buxton M, Buxton MP, Machekano H, Nyamukondiwa C, Wasserman RJ. A Survey of Potentially Pathogenic-Incriminated Arthropod Vectors of Health Concern in Botswana. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:10556. [PMID: 34639855 PMCID: PMC8508065 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph181910556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Arthropod vectors play a crucial role in the transmission of many debilitating infections, causing significant morbidity and mortality globally. Despite the economic significance of arthropods to public health, public knowledge on vector biology, ecology and taxonomic status remains anecdotal and largely unexplored. The present study surveyed knowledge gaps regarding the biology and ecology of arthropod vectors in communities of Botswana, across all districts. Results showed that communities are largely aware of individual arthropod vectors; however, their 'potential contribution' in disease transmission in humans, livestock and wildlife could not be fully attested. As such, their knowledge was largely limited with regards to some aspects of vector biology, ecology and control. Communities were strongly concerned about the burden of mosquitoes, cockroaches, flies and ticks, with the least concerns about fleas, bedbugs and lice, although the same communities did not know of specific diseases potentially vectored by these arthropods. Knowledge on arthropod vector control was mainly limited to synthetic chemical pesticides for most respondents, regardless of their location. The limited knowledge on potentially pathogen-incriminated arthropod vectors reported here has large implications for bridging knowledge gaps on the bio-ecology of these vectors countrywide. This is potentially useful in reducing the local burden of associated diseases and preventing the risk of emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases under global change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mmabaledi Buxton
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Botswana International University of Science and Technology, P/Bag 016, Palapye 10071, Botswana; (H.M.); (C.N.); (R.J.W.)
| | - Malebogo Portia Buxton
- Department of Sociology, University of Botswana, P/Bag UB 0022, Gaborone 00704, Botswana;
| | - Honest Machekano
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Botswana International University of Science and Technology, P/Bag 016, Palapye 10071, Botswana; (H.M.); (C.N.); (R.J.W.)
| | - Casper Nyamukondiwa
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Botswana International University of Science and Technology, P/Bag 016, Palapye 10071, Botswana; (H.M.); (C.N.); (R.J.W.)
| | - Ryan John Wasserman
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Botswana International University of Science and Technology, P/Bag 016, Palapye 10071, Botswana; (H.M.); (C.N.); (R.J.W.)
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, Rhodes University, Makhanda 6140, South Africa
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41
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Walker KK, Head KJ, Owens H, Zimet GD. A qualitative study exploring the relationship between mothers' vaccine hesitancy and health beliefs with COVID-19 vaccination intention and prevention during the early pandemic months. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2021; 17:3355-3364. [PMID: 34187310 PMCID: PMC8437482 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2021.1942713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Vaccine hesitancy is a top ten global health threat that can negatively impact COVID-19 vaccine uptake. It is assumed that vaccine refusers hold deep, negative beliefs, while acceptors hold strong, positive beliefs. However, vaccine hesitancy exists along a continuum and is multidimensional, varying by time, place, vaccine, subgroup, and person. Guided by the Health Belief Model and vaccine hesitancy frameworks, the study purpose was to qualitatively explore maternal COVID-19 threat perceptions and willingness to accept a COVID-19 vaccine in light of their expressed vaccine hesitancy toward past school required and routinely recommended vaccines and the HPV vaccine for their children. Researchers conducted twenty-five interviews with US Midwestern mothers during the early COVID-19 pandemic months. Mothers were grouped by vaccine hesitancy categories and thematic analysis was used to analyze the data within and across categories. Results showed that prior vaccine hesitancy attitudes and behavior did not fully capture maternal acceptance of COVID-19 vaccine or perception of COVID-19 threat. Perceptions of COVID-19 threat did influence mothers' decisions about COVID-19 protective behaviors (e.g., handwashing, mask wearing, and distancing). However, mothers were hesitant to accept the COVID-19 vaccine across vaccine hesitancy categories, primarily citing concerns about safety, efficacy, and confusion over conflicting information as barriers to immediate COVID-19 vaccine acceptance. Findings indicate that mothers cannot be grouped together based on hesitancy about, or acceptance of, other vaccines for purposes of assuming COVID-19 preventive behavior adherence or anticipated COVID-19 vaccine acceptance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly K. Walker
- Zimmerman School of Advertising and Mass Communications, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Katharine J. Head
- Department of Communication Studies, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Heather Owens
- College of Public Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Gregory D. Zimet
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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Shi G, Zhong X, He W, Liu H, Liu X, Ma M. Factors influencing protective behavior in the post-COVID-19 period in China: a cross-sectional study. Environ Health Prev Med 2021; 26:95. [PMID: 34556043 PMCID: PMC8459581 DOI: 10.1186/s12199-021-01015-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The study aimed to explore the factors influencing protective behavior and its association with factors during the post-COVID-19 period in China based on the risk perception emotion model and the protective action decision model (PADM). METHODS A total of 2830 valid questionnaires were collected as data for empirical analysis via network sampling in China. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was performed to explore the relationships between the latent variables. RESULTS SEM indicated that social emotion significantly positively affected protective behavior and intention. Protective behavioral intention had significant direct effects on protective behavior, and the direct effects were also the largest. Government trust did not have a significant effect on protective behavior but did have a significant indirect effect. Moreover, it was found that government trust had the greatest direct effect on social emotion. In addition, we found that excessive risk perception level may directly reduce people's intention and frequency of engaging in protective behavior, which was not conducive to positive, protective behavior. CONCLUSION In the post-COVID-19 period, theoretical framework constructed in this study can be used to evaluate people's protective behavior. The government should strengthen its information-sharing and interaction with the public, enhance people's trust in the government, create a positive social mood, appropriately regulate people's risk perception, and, finally, maintain a positive attitude and intent of protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guiqian Shi
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Research Center for Medicine and Social Development, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Innovation Center for Social Risk Governance in Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoni Zhong
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. .,Research Center for Medicine and Social Development, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. .,Innovation Center for Social Risk Governance in Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Wei He
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Research Center for Medicine and Social Development, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Innovation Center for Social Risk Governance in Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Research Center for Medicine and Social Development, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Innovation Center for Social Risk Governance in Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoyan Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Research Center for Medicine and Social Development, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Innovation Center for Social Risk Governance in Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Mingzhu Ma
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Research Center for Medicine and Social Development, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Innovation Center for Social Risk Governance in Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Nyangau PN, Nzuma JM, Irungu P, Kassie M. Evaluating livestock farmers knowledge, beliefs, and management of arboviral diseases in Kenya: A multivariate fractional probit approach. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2021; 15:e0009786. [PMID: 34529687 PMCID: PMC8478187 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0009786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Globally, arthropod-borne virus (arbovirus) infections continue to pose substantial threats to public health and economic development, especially in developing countries. In Kenya, although arboviral diseases (ADs) are largely endemic, little is known about the factors influencing livestock farmers’ knowledge, beliefs, and management (KBM) of the three major ADs: Rift Valley fever (RVF), dengue fever and chikungunya fever. This study evaluates the drivers of livestock farmers’ KBM of ADs from a sample of 629 respondents selected using a three-stage sampling procedure in Kenya’s three hotspot counties of Baringo, Kwale, and Kilifi. A multivariate fractional probit model was used to assess the factors influencing the intensity of KBM. Only a quarter of the farmers had any knowledge of ADs while over four-fifths of them could not manage any of the three diseases. Access to information (experience and awareness), income, education, religion, and distance to a health facility considerably influenced the intensity of farmers’ KBM of ADs in Kenya. Thus, initiatives geared towards improving access to information through massive awareness campaigns are necessary to mitigate behavioral barriers in ADs management among rural communities in Kenya. Arboviral infection in humans and animals is on the rise globally due to expansion of vector habitats. Despite the economic and social impact of diseases caused by arboviral infection such as chikungunya, dengue, and Rift Valley fever, little is known in terms of community knowledge, beliefs, and management. Evaluating community knowledge, beliefs, and management practices of arboviral diseases is important for better policy guidance and public health investment. We conducted a survey in Kenya’s three hotspot counties of Baringo, Kwale, and Kilifi to understand the factors influencing knowledge, beliefs, and management of arboviral diseases. We found low levels of knowledge and poor managerial skills of arboviral diseases that were largely driven by access to information and asset ownership. Thus, community sensitization through improved access to information is important in increasing awareness and increase the management of arboviral diseases among rural communities in Kenya and other sub-Saharan African countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Nyamweya Nyangau
- Department of Agricultural Economics, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), Nairobi, Kenya
- * E-mail:
| | - Jonathan Makau Nzuma
- Department of Agricultural Economics, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Patrick Irungu
- Department of Agricultural Economics, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Menale Kassie
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), Nairobi, Kenya
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Raza A, Ali Q, Hussain T. Role of knowledge, behavior, norms, and e-guidelines in controlling the spread of COVID-19: evidence from Pakistan. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:40329-40345. [PMID: 33011950 PMCID: PMC7532951 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-10931-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/20/2020] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic is straining public health systems and the global economy, triggering unprecedented measures by governments around the globe. The adoption of a preventive measure is required to control the spread. This research explores the impact of influencing factors like COVID-19 knowledge, behavioral control, moral and subject norms, preventive e-guidelines by the government, and environmental factors on the intention to prevent COVID-19 and risk aversion. A cross-sectional study was performed of 310 respondents about different COVID-19 related influencing factors in Pakistan. The partial least square-structural equation modeling was applied to estimate the path coefficient. Moral and subject norms (0.359) had a comparatively higher path coefficient. Other influencing factors/drivers were preventive e-guideline by the government (0.215) followed by COVID-19 knowledge (0.197), and behavioral control (0.121). The intention to prevent COVID-19 showed a positive and significant impact (0.705) on risk aversion. The indirect analysis also confirmed that the positive influence of moral and subject norms, COVID-19 knowledge, preventive e-guideline by the government, and behavioral control on risk aversion. However, the path coefficient of environmental factors was negative but insignificant, which implies than environmental factors do not influence the intention to prevent COVID-19. It is suggested to provide clear guidelines using print, social, electronic media. It is also suggested to provide e-guidelines in local languages. The COVID-19 knowledge about its transmission, symptoms, and precautions is also useful. It is suggested to include the causes, symptoms, and precaution of viral diseases in the educational syllabus. The government should ensure the availability of preventive medical items like surgical masks and sanitizers to meet the demand of the public.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Raza
- Department of Molecular Biology, Virtual University of Pakistan-Faisalabad Campus, Faisalabad, 38000 Pakistan
| | - Qamar Ali
- Department of Economics, Virtual University of Pakistan-Faisalabad Campus, Faisalabad, 38000 Pakistan
| | - Tanveer Hussain
- Department of Molecular Biology, Virtual University of Pakistan, -54000, Lahore, Pakistan
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Nayak R, Panda M, Padhy S, Mishra KG. Paradigm Shift in Socio-Demographic Profile of Dengue Infection: A Hospital Based Cross-Sectional Study. J Family Med Prim Care 2021; 10:2405-2410. [PMID: 34322446 PMCID: PMC8284206 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_572_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Dengue is the most rapidly spreading mosquito borne viral disease in the world with increasing geographical expansion to new countries and from urban to rural settings due to combination of urbanisation, population growth, increased international travel and trade and global warming. The epidemiology of dengue fever in India has been very complex with a seasonal pattern. The first outbreak in Odisha was in 2010 and is now spreading to different districts of the state. Materials and Methods: A hospital based cross-sectional study was carried out between 2017 to 2018 in the dengue ward of a teaching hospital in Berhampur, Ganjam district of Odisha. Results: The prevalence of admitted dengue patients was 4.32%. Majority of the patients were males (81.9%) and ≥15 years old (91.7%). About 68.5% were from rural areas and belonged to low socio-economic status (53.2%). Cases were reported mostly in peri-monsoon periods and 65.7% of them came directly to the hospital. Conclusion: The study highlights the need to curb the rural spread of the disease through activities in creating awareness among all section of people to promote control measures and early reporting of all fever cases, capacity building of rural doctors for early detection, treatment and early referral of high-risk patients and availability of ELISA based tests in sub-district hospitals along with Rapid Diagnostic Kits (RDKs). Emphasis for preventive and control measures to be increased during peri-monsoon periods and also to be instituted in offices, educational institutes and other indoor activity areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranjeeta Nayak
- Department of Community Medicine, MKCG Medical College and Hospital, Berhampur, Odisha, India
| | - Manasi Panda
- Department of Community Medicine, MKCG Medical College and Hospital, Berhampur, Odisha, India
| | - Sarmistha Padhy
- Department of Community Medicine, MKCG Medical College and Hospital, Berhampur, Odisha, India
| | - Kumar G Mishra
- Department of Community Medicine and Family Medicine, AIIMS, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
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Birhanu Z, Ambelu A, Fufa D, Mecha M, Zeynudin A, Abafita J, Belay A, Doyore F, Oljira L, Bacha E, Feyisa J, Hadis Z, Ayele K, Addisu Y, Gutu B, Tesfaye D, Tilahun T, Imana G, Tolosa T, Mekonen S, Yitayih Y, Jibat N, Moges M, Adamu A, Teym A, Kenea A, Addis T, Mengesha A, Kebede Y. Risk perceptions and attitudinal responses to COVID-19 pandemic: an online survey in Ethiopia. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:981. [PMID: 34034694 PMCID: PMC8148408 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-10939-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Effective risk communication is one of the critical strategies in the response to COVID-19. This study examined risk perceptions and attitudinal responses to COVID-19 among the educated section of the society in Ethiopia. METHODS An internet-based survey was conducted from April 22 to May 04, 2020, in Ethiopia. A questionnaire addressing the perception of health threat-combination of perceived vulnerability (PV) and perceived seriousness (PS), and perceived efficacy-combinations of perceived response efficacy (PRE), perceived self-efficacy (PSE), and perceived collective efficacy (PCE). The data were analyzed using SPSS 21.0. Descriptive statistics were computed after the standardization of the scores. The scores for overall efficacy and threat were split by median value and response classifications were generated through threat by efficacy interactions. For statistical significance, 95% CI and p-value < 0.05 were used. RESULTS A total of 929 respondents submitted their responses. Eight hundred and twenty-eight (89.1%) of the respondents were male and 753 (81.1%) were Christian. The perceived threat to COVID-19 was generally low (median = 58.3). The median score for overall efficacy, PRE, and PSE were 79.8, 87.5, and 80.0, respectively. However, the median value (66.7) for PCE was relatively low. Perceived threat significantly varied by age, education, occupation, and place of residence (p < 0.05). Perceived efficacy significantly differed by gender, residence, and use of some sources of information (p < 0.05). In terms of response to COVID-19, 290 (31.2%), 239 (25.7%), 175 (18.8%) and 225 (24.2%) of the respondents were in the responsive, pro-active, avoidant, and indifferent attitudinal categories, respectively. The avoidant and indifferent groups constituted a fear control response (mal-adaptive motivation towards COVID-19 protective behavior) whereas responsive and pro-active categories formed a danger control response (self-protective motivation). These responses varied significantly by residence, region, religion, and sources of information (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Understanding people's perceived health threat and efficacy is a critical step toward creating risk communication campaigns. Hence, this study provided an insight that has the potential to inform the COVID-19 risk communication campaigns targeting the educated section of the society, by ensuring a balanced combination of threat appeals and efficacy messages for improved self-protective responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zewdie Birhanu
- Departemnt of Health, Behavior, and Society, Faculty of Public Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
| | - Argaw Ambelu
- Departemnt of Health, Behavior, and Society, Faculty of Public Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Public Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
| | - Diriba Fufa
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
| | - Mohammed Mecha
- Departemnt of Health, Behavior, and Society, Faculty of Public Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
| | - Ahmed Zeynudin
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
| | - Jemal Abafita
- Department of Economics, College of Business and Economics, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
| | - Ashenafi Belay
- Department of English Language and Literature, College of Social Sciences and Humanities, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
| | - Feleke Doyore
- Department of Public Health, Wachemo University, Hossana, Ethiopia
| | - Lemessa Oljira
- School of Public Health, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
| | - Endale Bacha
- Oromia Regional Health Bureau, Risk Communication and Community Engagement Unit, Finfinne, Ethiopia
| | - Jilcha Feyisa
- Department of Oncology, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Zinabu Hadis
- School of Public Health, College of Health Science, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia
| | - Ketema Ayele
- Department of Public Health, Dire Dawa University, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia
| | - Yohannes Addisu
- Department of Health, Behavior, and Society, Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, Dilla University, Dilla, Ethiopia
| | - Birhanu Gutu
- Department of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dambi Dollo University, Dembi Dollo, Ethiopia
| | - Demu Tesfaye
- Department of Internal Medicine, Adama Hospital Medical College, Adama, Ethiopia
| | - Temesgen Tilahun
- Departemnt of Health, Behavior, and Society, Faculty of Public Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Institute of Health Sciences, Wollega University, Nekemte, Ethiopia
| | - Gudeta Imana
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ambo University, Ambo, Ethiopia
| | - Tadele Tolosa
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Public Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
- School of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
| | - Seblework Mekonen
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Public Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
| | - Yimenu Yitayih
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
| | - Nega Jibat
- Department of Sociology, College of Social Sciences, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
| | - Mathewos Moges
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Public Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
- Department of Environmental Health, Hawassa University, Hawassa, Ethiopia
| | - Ayinengida Adamu
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Public Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
- Department of Health System Management and Health Economics, School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
| | - Abraham Teym
- Department of Environmental Health, College of Health Science, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia
| | - Adamu Kenea
- Department of Public Health, Mettu University, Mettu, Ethiopia
| | - Taffere Addis
- Ethiopian Institute of Water Resources, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Akalework Mengesha
- Department of Sociology, College of Social Sciences and Humanities, Wolaita Sodo University, Sodo, Ethiopia
| | - Yohannes Kebede
- Departemnt of Health, Behavior, and Society, Faculty of Public Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
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Alsolais A, Alquwez N, Alotaibi KA, Alqarni AS, Almalki M, Alsolami F, Almazan J, Cruz JP. Risk perceptions, fear, depression, anxiety, stress and coping among Saudi nursing students during the COVID-19 pandemic. J Ment Health 2021; 30:194-201. [PMID: 33978543 DOI: 10.1080/09638237.2021.1922636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic has seriously impacted various aspects of the society on a global scale. Schools and universities provide rich resources for adolescents and young adults to develop significant coping mechanisms. AIM This study assessed the perceptions of risk, fear, mental health status, and coping strategies among Saudi student nurses amid the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS Using an online survey, the mental health of the students was assessed by the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale short form version, whereas the coping was assessed by the Brief-Coping Orientation of Problem Experienced scale. RESULTS The students had modest risk perception and fear of contracting COVID-19. "Religion" was reported as the most frequently used coping strategy. Approximately 43.3%, 37.2%, and 30.9% of the respondents manifested some degree of depression, anxiety, and stress, respectively. Poor COVID-19 knowledge, perceived seriousness of COVID-19 in Saudi Arabia, perceived risk of COVID-19 infection, and the use of some coping strategies were predictors of fear. Knowing someone infected with COVID-19, fear, and several coping strategies predicted students' mental health. CONCLUSION This study provides data that can be used to create educational and health policies that focus on the mental health of university students, specifically nursing students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullelah Alsolais
- Nursing Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Shaqra University, Al Dawadmi City, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nahed Alquwez
- Nursing Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Shaqra University, Al Dawadmi City, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalaf Aied Alotaibi
- Nursing Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Shaqra University, Al Dawadmi City, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Mohammed Almalki
- Nursing Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif City, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatmah Alsolami
- Faculty of Nursing, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Joseph Almazan
- College of Medicine, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
| | - Jonas Preposi Cruz
- Nursing Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Shaqra University, Al Dawadmi City, Saudi Arabia
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Preventive Behaviors of Malta Fever in Country Women: A Family-Based Empowerment Model. JOURNAL OF EDUCATION AND COMMUNITY HEALTH 2021. [DOI: 10.52547/jech.8.2.73] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Birihane BM, Bayih WA, Tesfahun Y, Munye T, Alemu AY, Belay DM. Health care provider's risk perception, and preparedness towards COVID-19 pandemic in North Central Ethiopia, 2020. Heliyon 2021; 7:e06610. [PMID: 33869847 PMCID: PMC8035520 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Risk perception, positive emotions, and preparedness are important parameters in predicting pandemic protective behaviors. Though, health care providers are required with sufficient knowledge, skills, preparedness and best practices towards corona virus 2019, there are limited studies in Ethiopia. AIM This study aimed to assess health care providers' level of risk perception, preparedness and its associated factors among HCWs in North Central Ethiopia, 2020. METHODS An institutional-based cross-sectional survey was conducted among 217 health care providers working in South Gondar zone Hospitals from May 15-30, 2020. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire. Data were coded, entered, cleaned and checked using Epi data statistical software version 4.2.0.0 and taken in STATA Version 14 statistical software for analysis. Binary logistic regression was used for the analysis. Odds ratio along with 95% CI were estimated to measure the strength of the association. Descriptive statistics are presented in figures, text, and tables. FINDINGS AND CONCLUSION The level of high risk perception among frontline health care workers was 57.6% (95% CI: 56.9, 58.3). Almost half, 49.8% health care providers were prepared for corona virus pandemic and only 43.78% of health care providers had good knowledge regarding COVID -19. Having good knowledge (Adjusted Odd Ratio (AOR) = 2.83; 95% CI: 1.49, 5.34), training on COVID -19 (AOR = 2.16; 95% CI:1.07, 4.39), and avoiding meeting suspected/confirmed of COVID -19 (AOR = 2.67; 95% CI:1.05, 6.83) were significantly associated with risk perception. Risk perception, knowledge and preparedness for corona virus pandemic were low. Ensuring the improvement of knowledge, preparedness, and encouragement is important.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yohannes Tesfahun
- College Health Sciences, Debretabor University, Debretabor, Ethiopia
| | - Tigabu Munye
- College Health Sciences, Debretabor University, Debretabor, Ethiopia
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50
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Yang XY, Gong RN, Sassine S, Morsa M, Tchogna AS, Drouin O, Chadi N, Jantchou P. Risk Perception of COVID-19 Infection and Adherence to Preventive Measures among Adolescents and Young Adults. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 7:311. [PMID: 33371272 PMCID: PMC7766485 DOI: 10.3390/children7120311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
To explore factors influencing adolescents and young adults' (AYAs) risk perception of COVID-19 and adherence to public health measures, we conducted a cross-sectional online survey of AYAs (14-22 years old) from Quebec (Canada) recruited through school and community partners in April 2020 during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. The study included 3037 participants (mean age = 17.7 years, 74.6% female). AYAs had higher mean (standard deviation (SD)) risk perception of COVID-19 for their relatives (8.2 (1.9)) than for themselves (5.6 (2.6)) (p < 0.001). Factors associated with higher risk perception included higher disease knowledge (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 1.06, 95% CI 1.01-1.11), presence of chronic disease (aOR 2.31, 95%CI 1.82-2.93) and use of immunosuppressants (aOR 2.53, 95%CI 1.67-3.87). AYAs with a higher risk perception (aOR 1.06, 95%CI 1.02-1.10) those wishing to help flatten the disease curve (aOR 1.18, 95%CI 1.12-1.25) or to protect their family/friends (aOR 1.14, 95%CI 1.05-1.24) were more likely to engage in preventive behaviors. Self-perceived risk and desire to protect others were significantly associated with adherence to preventive measures among youth. These findings may help inform public health messaging to AYAs in the current and future pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yu Yang
- CHU Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montréal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada; (X.Y.Y.); (R.N.G.); (S.S.); (A.S.T.); (O.D.); (N.C.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada;
| | - Rui Ning Gong
- CHU Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montréal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada; (X.Y.Y.); (R.N.G.); (S.S.); (A.S.T.); (O.D.); (N.C.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada;
| | - Samuel Sassine
- CHU Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montréal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada; (X.Y.Y.); (R.N.G.); (S.S.); (A.S.T.); (O.D.); (N.C.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada;
| | - Maxime Morsa
- Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada;
- Laboratory of Education and Health Practices (UR 3412), University Sorbonne Paris Nord, 93017 Bobigny, France
| | - Alexandra Sonia Tchogna
- CHU Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montréal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada; (X.Y.Y.); (R.N.G.); (S.S.); (A.S.T.); (O.D.); (N.C.)
| | - Olivier Drouin
- CHU Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montréal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada; (X.Y.Y.); (R.N.G.); (S.S.); (A.S.T.); (O.D.); (N.C.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada;
- Division of General Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, CHU Sainte-Justine, Montréal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3N 1X9, Canada
| | - Nicholas Chadi
- CHU Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montréal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada; (X.Y.Y.); (R.N.G.); (S.S.); (A.S.T.); (O.D.); (N.C.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada;
- Division of Adolescent Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, CHU Sainte-Justine, Montréal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Prévost Jantchou
- CHU Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montréal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada; (X.Y.Y.); (R.N.G.); (S.S.); (A.S.T.); (O.D.); (N.C.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada;
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, CHU Sainte-Justine, Montréal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada
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