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Desai DN, Mahal A, Varshney R, Obaidullah AJ, Gupta B, Mohanty P, Pattnaik P, Mohapatra NC, Mishra S, Kandi V, Rabaan AA, Mohapatra RK. Nanoadjuvants: Promising Bioinspired and Biomimetic Approaches in Vaccine Innovation. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:27953-27968. [PMID: 37576639 PMCID: PMC10413842 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c02030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Adjuvants are the important part of vaccine manufacturing as they elicit the vaccination effect and enhance the durability of the immune response through controlled release. In light of this, nanoadjuvants have shown unique broad spectrum advantages. As nanoparticles (NPs) based vaccines are fast-acting and better in terms of safety and usability parameters as compared to traditional vaccines, they have attracted the attention of researchers. A vaccine nanocarrier is another interesting and promising area for the development of next-generation vaccines for prophylaxis. This review looks at the various nanoadjuvants and their structure-function relationships. It compiles the state-of-art literature on numerous nanoadjuvants to help domain researchers orient their understanding and extend their endeavors in vaccines research and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhruv N. Desai
- Department
of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Ahmed Mahal
- Department
of Medical Biochemical Analysis, College of Health Technology, Cihan University−Erbil, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Rajat Varshney
- Department
of Veterinary Microbiology, FVAS, Banaras
Hindu University, Mirzapur 231001, India
| | - Ahmad J. Obaidullah
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bhawna Gupta
- School
of Biotechnology, KIIT Deemed-to-be University, Bhubaneswar 751024, Odisha, India
| | - Pratikhya Mohanty
- Bioenergy
Lab, BDTC, School of Biotechnology, KIIT
Deemed-to-be University, Bhubaneswar 751024, Odisha, India
| | | | | | - Snehasish Mishra
- Bioenergy
Lab, BDTC, School of Biotechnology, KIIT
Deemed-to-be University, Bhubaneswar 751024, Odisha, India
| | - Venkataramana Kandi
- Department
of Microbiology, Prathima Institute of Medical
Sciences, Karimnagar 505 417, Telangana, India
| | - Ali A. Rabaan
- Molecular
Diagnostic Laboratory, Johns Hopkins Aramco
Healthcare, Dhahran 31311, Saudi Arabia
- College
of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia
- Department
of Public Health and Nutrition, The University
of Haripur, Haripur 22610, Pakistan
| | - Ranjan K. Mohapatra
- Department
of Chemistry, Government College of Engineering, Keonjhar 758002, Odisha, India
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Xu H, Zhu S, Govinden R, Chenia HY. Multiple Vaccines and Strategies for Pandemic Preparedness of Avian Influenza Virus. Viruses 2023; 15:1694. [PMID: 37632036 PMCID: PMC10459121 DOI: 10.3390/v15081694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Avian influenza viruses (AIV) are a continuous cause of concern due to their pandemic potential and devasting effects on poultry, birds, and human health. The low pathogenic avian influenza virus has the potential to evolve into a highly pathogenic avian influenza virus, resulting in its rapid spread and significant outbreaks in poultry. Over the years, a wide array of traditional and novel strategies has been implemented to prevent the transmission of AIV in poultry. Mass vaccination is still an economical and effective approach to establish immune protection against clinical virus infection. At present, some AIV vaccines have been licensed for large-scale production and use in the poultry industry; however, other new types of AIV vaccines are currently under research and development. In this review, we assess the recent progress surrounding the various types of AIV vaccines, which are based on the classical and next-generation platforms. Additionally, the delivery systems for nucleic acid vaccines are discussed, since these vaccines have attracted significant attention following their significant role in the fight against COVID-19. We also provide a general introduction to the dendritic targeting strategy, which can be used to enhance the immune efficiency of AIV vaccines. This review may be beneficial for the avian influenza research community, providing ideas for the design and development of new AIV vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High-Tech Research and Development of Veterinary Biopharmaceuticals, Jiangsu Agri-Animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou 225300, China;
- Discipline of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, College of Agriculture, Engineering and Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4001, South Africa;
| | - Shanyuan Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High-Tech Research and Development of Veterinary Biopharmaceuticals, Jiangsu Agri-Animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou 225300, China;
| | - Roshini Govinden
- Discipline of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, College of Agriculture, Engineering and Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4001, South Africa;
| | - Hafizah Y. Chenia
- Discipline of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, College of Agriculture, Engineering and Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4001, South Africa;
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3
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Hernandez AM, Mossman JA, Toapanta FR, Previte DM, Ross TM, Nau GJ. Altered transcriptional responses in the lungs of aged mice after influenza infection. Immun Ageing 2022; 19:27. [PMID: 35650631 PMCID: PMC9158162 DOI: 10.1186/s12979-022-00286-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Background Influenza causes a serious infection in older individuals who are at the highest risk for mortality from this virus. Changes in the immune system with age are well known. This study used transcriptomic analysis to evaluate how aging specifically affects the functional host response to influenza in the lung. Adult (12–16 weeks) and aged (72–76 weeks) mice were infected with influenza and lungs were processed for RNA analysis. Results Older mice demonstrated a delayed anti-viral response on the level of transcription compared to adults, similar to the immunologic responses measured in prior work. The transcriptional differences, however, were evident days before observable differences in the protein responses described previously. The transcriptome response to influenza in aged mice was dominated by immunoglobulin genes and B cell markers compared to adult animals, suggesting immune dysregulation. Despite these differences, both groups of mice had highly similar transcriptional responses involving non-immune genes one day after inoculation and T cell genes during resolution. Conclusions These results define a delayed and dysregulated immune response in the lungs of aged mice infected with influenza. The findings implicate B cells and immunoglobulins as markers or mechanisms of immune aging. In addition to discovering new therapeutic targets, the findings underscore the value of transcription studies and network analysis to characterize complex biological processes, and serve as a model to analyze the susceptibility of the elderly to infectious agents. Supplementary information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12979-022-00286-9.
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Chen J, Xu W, Li L, Yi L, Jiang Y, Hao P, Xu Z, Zou W, Li P, Gao Z, Tian M, Jin N, Ren L, Li C. Immunogenicity and protective potential of chimeric virus-like particles containing SARS-CoV-2 spike and H5N1 matrix 1 proteins. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:967493. [PMID: 35923799 PMCID: PMC9339902 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.967493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has posed a constant threat to human beings and the world economy for more than two years. Vaccination is the first choice to control and prevent the pandemic. However, an effective SARS-CoV-2 vaccine against the virus infection is still needed. This study designed and prepared four kinds of virus-like particles (VLPs) using an insect expression system. Two constructs encoded wild-type SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) fused with or without H5N1 matrix 1 (M1) (S and SM). The other two constructs contained a codon-optimized spike gene and/or M1 gene (mS and mSM) based on protein expression, stability, and ADE avoidance. The results showed that the VLP-based vaccine could induce high SARS-CoV-2 specific antibodies in mice, including specific IgG, IgG1, and IgG2a. Moreover, the mSM group has the most robust ability to stimulate humoral immunity and cellular immunity than the other VLPs, suggesting the mSM is the best immunogen. Further studies showed that the mSM combined with Al/CpG adjuvant could stimulate animals to produce sustained high-level antibodies and establish an effective protective barrier to protect mice from challenges with mouse-adapted strain. The vaccine based on mSM and Al/CpG adjuvant is a promising candidate vaccine to prevent the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Chen
- College of Veterinary medicine, Key Lab for Zoonoses Research, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Research Unit of Key Technologies for Prevention and Control of Virus Zoonoses, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Wang Xu
- Research Unit of Key Technologies for Prevention and Control of Virus Zoonoses, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Letian Li
- Research Unit of Key Technologies for Prevention and Control of Virus Zoonoses, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Lichao Yi
- Research Unit of Key Technologies for Prevention and Control of Virus Zoonoses, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Yuhang Jiang
- Research Unit of Key Technologies for Prevention and Control of Virus Zoonoses, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Pengfei Hao
- Research Unit of Key Technologies for Prevention and Control of Virus Zoonoses, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Zhiqiang Xu
- Research Unit of Key Technologies for Prevention and Control of Virus Zoonoses, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Wancheng Zou
- Research Unit of Key Technologies for Prevention and Control of Virus Zoonoses, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Peiheng Li
- Research Unit of Key Technologies for Prevention and Control of Virus Zoonoses, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Zihan Gao
- Research Unit of Key Technologies for Prevention and Control of Virus Zoonoses, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Mingyao Tian
- Research Unit of Key Technologies for Prevention and Control of Virus Zoonoses, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Ningyi Jin
- Research Unit of Key Technologies for Prevention and Control of Virus Zoonoses, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Chang Li, ; Linzhu Ren, ; Ningyi Jin,
| | - Linzhu Ren
- College of Animal Sciences, Key Lab for Zoonoses Research, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Chang Li, ; Linzhu Ren, ; Ningyi Jin,
| | - Chang Li
- Research Unit of Key Technologies for Prevention and Control of Virus Zoonoses, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Chang Li, ; Linzhu Ren, ; Ningyi Jin,
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5
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Baculovirus-derived influenza virus-like particle confers complete protection against lethal H7N9 avian influenza virus challenge in chickens and mice. Vet Microbiol 2022; 264:109306. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2021.109306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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6
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Menne Z, Pliasas VC, Compans RW, Glover S, Kyriakis CS, Skountzou I. Bivalent vaccination with NA1 and NA2 neuraminidase virus-like particles is protective against challenge with H1N1 and H3N2 influenza A viruses in a murine model. Virology 2021; 562:197-208. [PMID: 34375782 PMCID: PMC8479372 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2021.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Neuraminidase (NA) is the second most abundant glycoprotein on the surface of influenza A viruses (IAV). Neuraminidase type 1 (NA1) based virus-like particles (VLPs) have previously been shown to protect against challenge with H1N1 and H3N2 IAV. In this study, we produced neuraminidase type 2 (NA2) VLPs derived from the sequence of the seasonal IAV A/Perth/16/2009. Intramuscular vaccination of mice with NA2 VLPs induced high anti-NA serum IgG levels capable of inhibiting NA activity. NA2 VLP vaccination protected against mortality in a lethal A/Hong Kong/1/1968 (H3N2) virus challenge model, but not against lethal challenge with A/California/04/2009 (H1N1) virus. However, bivalent vaccination with NA1 and NA2 VLPs demonstrated no antigenic competition in anti-NA IgG responses and protected against lethal challenge with H1N1 and H3N2 viruses. Here we demonstrate that vaccination with NA VLPs is protective against influenza challenge and supports focusing on anti-NA responses in the development of future vaccination strategies.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Disease Models, Animal
- Dose-Response Relationship, Immunologic
- Immunity, Heterologous
- Immunoglobulin G/immunology
- Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype/immunology
- Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype/immunology
- Influenza Vaccines/administration & dosage
- Influenza Vaccines/immunology
- Injections, Intramuscular
- Mice
- Neuraminidase/immunology
- Orthomyxoviridae Infections/prevention & control
- Vaccination/methods
- Vaccines, Combined/administration & dosage
- Vaccines, Combined/immunology
- Vaccines, Virus-Like Particle/administration & dosage
- Vaccines, Virus-Like Particle/immunology
- Viral Proteins/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- Zach Menne
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology and Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA; Centers for Excellence in Influenza Research and Surveillance, Emory-UGA Center, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Vasilis C Pliasas
- Centers for Excellence in Influenza Research and Surveillance, Emory-UGA Center, Atlanta, GA, USA; Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Richard W Compans
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology and Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA; Centers for Excellence in Influenza Research and Surveillance, Emory-UGA Center, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Sheniqua Glover
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Constantinos S Kyriakis
- Centers for Excellence in Influenza Research and Surveillance, Emory-UGA Center, Atlanta, GA, USA; Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Ioanna Skountzou
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology and Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA; Centers for Excellence in Influenza Research and Surveillance, Emory-UGA Center, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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7
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Production of Multi-Subtype Influenza Virus-Like Particles by Molecular Fusion with BAFF or APRIL for Vaccine Development. Methods Mol Biol 2021. [PMID: 33185873 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1130-2_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
Abstract
Virus-like particle (VLP) technology is an alternative platform for developing vaccines to combat seasonal and pandemic influenza. Influenza VLPs are non-infectious nanoparticles that can elicit effective vaccine immunogenicity in hosts. B-cell-activating factor (BAFF, or BLyS) and a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL) are members of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) superfamily of cytokines. Both BAFF and APRIL are homotrimers that interact with homotrimeric receptors. Here, we report a method of the production of influenza VLPs by molecular incorporation with BAFF or APRIL homotrimers to interact with their receptors. We engineered the VLPs by direct fusion of BAFF or APRIL to the transmembrane anchored domain of the hemagglutinin (HA) gene. We also describe procedures for the production of BAFF-VLPs containing H5H7 and H1H5H7 for multi-subtype vaccine development.
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8
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Abstract
Influenza viruses cause seasonal epidemics and represent a pandemic risk. With current vaccine methods struggling to protect populations against emerging strains, there is a demand for a next-generation flu vaccine capable of providing broad protection. Recombinant biotechnology, combined with nanomedicine techniques, could address this demand by increasing immunogenicity and directing immune responses toward conserved antigenic targets on the virus. Various nanoparticle candidates have been tested for use in vaccines, including virus-like particles, protein and carbohydrate nanoconstructs, antigen-carrying lipid particles, and synthetic and inorganic particles modified for antigen presentation. These methods have yielded some promising results, including protection in animal models against antigenically distinct influenza strains, production of antibodies with broad reactivity, and activation of potent T cell responses. Based on the evidence of current research, it is feasible that the next generation of influenza vaccines will combine recombinant antigens with nanoparticle carriers.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antigens, Viral/administration & dosage
- Antigens, Viral/genetics
- Antigens, Viral/immunology
- Disease Models, Animal
- Drug Carriers/chemistry
- Humans
- Immunogenicity, Vaccine
- Influenza A virus/genetics
- Influenza A virus/immunology
- Influenza Vaccines/administration & dosage
- Influenza Vaccines/genetics
- Influenza Vaccines/immunology
- Influenza Vaccines/pharmacokinetics
- Influenza, Human/immunology
- Influenza, Human/prevention & control
- Influenza, Human/virology
- Nanoparticles/chemistry
- Protein Engineering
- Recombinant Proteins/administration & dosage
- Recombinant Proteins/genetics
- Recombinant Proteins/immunology
- Recombinant Proteins/pharmacokinetics
- Vaccines, Synthetic/administration & dosage
- Vaccines, Synthetic/genetics
- Vaccines, Synthetic/immunology
- Viral Proteins/administration & dosage
- Viral Proteins/genetics
- Viral Proteins/immunology
- Viral Proteins/pharmacokinetics
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary R Sia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Matthew S Miller
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Diseases Research, McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jonathan F Lovell
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York, USA
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9
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Xu H, Han G, Lu Y, Liu Z, Tao L, He F. Broad neutralization of CSFV with novel monoclonal antibodies in vivo. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 173:513-523. [PMID: 33493566 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.01.142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Classical swine fever is a highly contagious disease in China. Although vaccination against Classical swine fever virus (CSFV) has been widely carried out in China, CSFV cases still emerge in an endless stream. Therefore, it is necessary to take new antiviral measures to eliminate CSFV. Glycoprotein E2 of CSFV is the major vaccine candidate that confers protective immunity. Thus, in this study, a batch of neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against E2, as alternative antiviral strategies, were produced. Among them, mAbs 6D10, 8D8 and 3C12 presented neutralizing reactivity against CSFV in a dose-dependent manner. Based on truncated overlapping fragments of E2 and mutants, three linear neutralizing epitopes were identified highly conserved in various CSFV strains. Epitopes 8YRYAIS13 and 254HECLIG259 were reported for the first time. All the three epitopes are involved in virus internalization and attachment as shown in pre- or post-attachment neutralization. Recombinant polypeptides carrying epitopes successfully inhibit virus infection in PK-15 cells, indicating epitopes were located in receptor-binding domain (RBD). Further, both prophylactic and therapeutic functions of neutralizing antibody were evaluated in rabbits upon CSFV challenge, confirming the efficacy in vivo. These findings provide alternative antiviral strategies against CSFV and deepen the understanding in E2 function during virus entry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiling Xu
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guangwei Han
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ying Lu
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zehui Liu
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lina Tao
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fang He
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
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10
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Zhao J, Zhao S, Ou J, Zhang J, Lan W, Guan W, Wu X, Yan Y, Zhao W, Wu J, Chodosh J, Zhang Q. COVID-19: Coronavirus Vaccine Development Updates. Front Immunol 2020; 11:602256. [PMID: 33424848 PMCID: PMC7785583 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.602256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), a newly emerged coronavirus, and has been pandemic since March 2020 and led to many fatalities. Vaccines represent the most efficient means to control and stop the pandemic of COVID-19. However, currently there is no effective COVID-19 vaccine approved to use worldwide except for two human adenovirus vector vaccines, three inactivated vaccines, and one peptide vaccine for early or limited use in China and Russia. Safe and effective vaccines against COVID-19 are in urgent need. Researchers around the world are developing 213 COVID-19 candidate vaccines, among which 44 are in human trials. In this review, we summarize and analyze vaccine progress against SARS-CoV, Middle-East respiratory syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV), and SARS-CoV-2, including inactivated vaccines, live attenuated vaccines, subunit vaccines, virus like particles, nucleic acid vaccines, and viral vector vaccines. As SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV, and MERS-CoV share the common genus, Betacoronavirus, this review of the major research progress will provide a reference and new insights into the COVID-19 vaccine design and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shan Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junxian Ou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Virology, Institute of Medical Microbiology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wendong Lan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenyi Guan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaowei Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuqian Yan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianguo Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Virology, Institute of Medical Microbiology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - James Chodosh
- Department of Ophthalmology, Howe Laboratory, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Qiwei Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Virology, Institute of Medical Microbiology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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11
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Lei H, Gao T, Cen Q, Peng X. Haemagglutinin displayed on the surface of Lactococcus lactis confers broad cross-clade protection against different H5N1 viruses in chickens. Microb Cell Fact 2020; 19:193. [PMID: 33059676 PMCID: PMC7557258 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-020-01453-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 virus poses a potential threat to the poultry industry. The currently available avian influenza H5N1 vaccines for poultry are clade-specific. Therefore, an effective vaccine for preventing and controlling H5N1 viruses belonging to different clades needs to be developed. Results Recombinant L. lactis/pNZ8148-Spax-HA was generated, and the influenza virus haemagglutinin (HA) protein of A/Vietnam/1203/2004 (H5N1) was displayed on the surface of Lactococcus lactis (L. lactis). Spax was used as an anchor protein. Chickens vaccinated orally with unadjuvanted L. lactis/pNZ8148-Spax-HA could produce significant humoral and mucosal responses and neutralizing activities against H5N1 viruses belonging to different clades. Importantly, unadjuvanted L. lactis/pNZ8148-Spax-HA conferred cross-clade protection against lethal challenge with different H5N1 viruses in the chicken model. Conclusion This study provides insights into the cross-clade protection conferred by unadjuvanted L. lactis/pNZ8148-Spax-HA, and the results might help the establishment of a promising platform for the development of a safe and effective H5N1 cross-clade vaccine for poultry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Lei
- College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, Sichuan, China.
| | - Tong Gao
- College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, Sichuan, China
| | - Qianhong Cen
- College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaojue Peng
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Nanchang University, Jiangxi, 330031, China
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12
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Pan J, Cui Z. Self-Assembled Nanoparticles: Exciting Platforms for Vaccination. Biotechnol J 2020; 15:e2000087. [PMID: 33411412 DOI: 10.1002/biot.202000087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Vaccination is successfully advanced to control several fatal diseases and improve human life expectancy. However, additional innovations are required in this field because there are no effective vaccines to prevent some infectious diseases. The shift from the attenuated or inactivated pathogens to safer but less immunogenic protein or peptide antigens has led to a search for effective antigen delivery carriers that can function as both antigen vehicles and intrinsic adjuvants. Among these carriers, self-assembled nanoparticles (SANPs) have shown great potential to be the best representative. For the nanoscale and multiple presentation of antigens, with accurate control over size, geometry, and functionality, these nanoparticles are assembled spontaneously and mimic pathogens, resulting in enhanced antigen presentation and increased cellular and humoral immunity responses. In addition, they may be applied through needle-free routes due to their adhesive ability, which gives them a great future in vaccination applications. This review provides an overview of various SANPs and their applications in prophylactic vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingdi Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zongqiang Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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13
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Xu H, Wang Y, Han G, Fang W, He F. Identification of E2 with improved secretion and immunogenicity against CSFV in piglets. BMC Microbiol 2020; 20:26. [PMID: 32019519 PMCID: PMC7001342 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-020-1713-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Outbreaks of Classical swine fever virus (CSFV) cause significant economic losses in the swine industry. Vaccination is the major method to prevent and control the disease. As live attenuated vaccines fail to elicit differentiable immunity between infected and vaccinated animals, subunit vaccine was considered as an alternative candidate to prevent and eradicate CSFV. Subunit vaccines present advantages in DIVA immunogenicity and safety. The technology was limited due to the low yield and the high cost with multiple and large doses. The native E2 signal peptide has not been well defined before. Here, the aim of this study is to develop a cost-effective and efficacious E2 vaccine candidate against CSFV with signal peptide and E2 sequence selection. RESULTS A novel CSFV E2 sequence (E2ZJ) was identified from an epidemic strain of Zhejiang for outstanding secretion in baculovirus and enhanced immunogenicity. E2 secretion induced with the selected signal peptide, SPZJ (SP23), increase at least 50% as compared to any other signal peptides tested. Besides, unique antigenic features were identified in E2ZJ. As indicated with immunized sera in IFA against CSFV infection, E2ZJ elicited CSFV antibodies at the earlier stage than other E2 types tested in mice. Moreover, higher level of neutralizing and CSFV antibodies against CSFV with E2ZJ was detected than other E2s with the same dosage at 28 dpi. Further, E2ZJ successfully elicited neutralizing immunity in piglets. A single dose of 5 μg of E2ZJ was sufficient to induce protective antibodies against CSFV in piglets and provided 100% protection against lethal virus challenge. CONCLUSIONS Our studies provide evidence that E2ZJ guided by a novel E2 signal peptide (SPZJ) was efficiently secreted and presented significantly improved immunogenicity than conventional E2 vaccines. Moreover, a single dose of 5 μg E2ZJ is efficacious against CSFV in piglets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiling Xu
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences of Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang road, Hangzhou, 310058, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanli Wang
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences of Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang road, Hangzhou, 310058, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guangwei Han
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences of Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang road, Hangzhou, 310058, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weihuan Fang
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences of Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang road, Hangzhou, 310058, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fang He
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences of Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang road, Hangzhou, 310058, China. .,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
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14
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Quan FS, Basak S, Chu KB, Kim SS, Kang SM. Progress in the development of virus-like particle vaccines against respiratory viruses. Expert Rev Vaccines 2020; 19:11-24. [PMID: 31903811 PMCID: PMC7103727 DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2020.1711053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Influenza virus, human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), and human metapneumovirus (HMPV) are important human respiratory pathogens. Recombinant virus-like particle (VLP) vaccines are suggested to be potential promising platforms to protect against these respiratory viruses. This review updates important progress in the development of VLP vaccines against respiratory viruses.Areas Covered: This review summarizes progress in developing VLP and nanoparticle-based vaccines against influenza virus, RSV, and HMPV. The PubMed was mainly used to search for important research articles published since 2010 although earlier key articles were also referenced. The research area covered includes VLP and nanoparticle platform vaccines against seasonal, pandemic, and avian influenza viruses as well as RSV and HMPV respiratory viruses. The production methods, immunogenic properties, and vaccine efficacy of respiratory VLP vaccines in preclinical animal models and clinical studies were reviewed in this article.Expert opinion: Previous and current preclinical and clinical studies suggest that recombinant VLP and nanoparticle vaccines are expected to be developed as promising alternative platforms against respiratory viruses in future. Therefore, continued research efforts are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Shi Quan
- Department of Medical Zoology, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Medical Research Center for Bioreaction to Reactive Oxygen Species and Biomedical Science Institute, School of Medicine, Graduate school, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Swarnendu Basak
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Back Chu
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Soo Kim
- Medical Research Center for Bioreaction to Reactive Oxygen Species and Biomedical Science Institute, School of Medicine, Graduate school, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Moo Kang
- Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
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15
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Durous L, Rosa-Calatrava M, Petiot E. Advances in influenza virus-like particles bioprocesses. Expert Rev Vaccines 2019; 18:1285-1300. [DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2019.1704262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Laurent Durous
- Virologie et Pathologie Humaine - VirPath team - Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI), INSERM U1111, CNRS UMR5308, ENS Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Manuel Rosa-Calatrava
- Virologie et Pathologie Humaine - VirPath team - Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI), INSERM U1111, CNRS UMR5308, ENS Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
- VirNext, Faculté de Médecine RTH Laennec, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Emma Petiot
- Virologie et Pathologie Humaine - VirPath team - Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI), INSERM U1111, CNRS UMR5308, ENS Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
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16
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Tsai CH, Wei SC, Jan JT, Liao LL, Chang CJ, Chao YC. Generation of Stable Influenza Virus Hemagglutinin through Structure-Guided Recombination. ACS Synth Biol 2019; 8:2472-2482. [PMID: 31565926 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.9b00094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Hemagglutinin (HA) is the major surface antigen of influenza virus and the most promising influenza vaccine immunogen. In 2013, the devastating H7N9 influenza virus was identified in China, which induced high mortality. The HA of this virus (H7) is relatively unstable, making it challenging to produce an effective vaccine. To improve the stability of HA protein from H7N9 influenza virus for better vaccine antigens without impairing immunogenicity, we recombined the HA from H7N9 (H7) with a more stable HA from H3N2 (H3) by structure-guided recombination, resulting in six chimeric HAs, FrA-FrF. Two of these chimeric HAs, FrB and FrC, exhibited proper hemagglutination activity and presented improved thermal stability compared to the original H7. Mice immunized with FrB and FrC elicited H7-specific antibodies comparable to those induced by parental H7, and the antisera collected from these immunized mice successfully inhibited H7N9 infection in a microneutralization assay. These results suggest that our structural-recombination approach can create stabilizing chimeric antigens while maintaining proper immunogenicity, which may not only benefit the construction of more stable HA vaccines to fight against H7N9 infection, but also facilitate effective vaccine improvements for other influenza viruses or infectious pathogens. In addition, this study also demonstrates the potential for better engineering of multimeric protein complexes like HA to achieve improved function, which are often immunologically or pharmaceutically important but difficult to modify.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Hsuan Tsai
- Molecular and Cell Biology, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica and Graduate Institute of Life Science, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 115, Taiwan, ROC
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan, ROC
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Sung-Chan Wei
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan, ROC
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Jia-Tsrong Jan
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Lin-Li Liao
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chia-Jung Chang
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yu-Chan Chao
- Molecular and Cell Biology, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica and Graduate Institute of Life Science, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 115, Taiwan, ROC
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan, ROC
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, College of Bioresources and Agriculture, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan, ROC
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17
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Keshavarz M, Namdari H, Arjeini Y, Mirzaei H, Salimi V, Sadeghi A, Mokhtari-Azad T, Rezaei F. Induction of protective immune response to intranasal administration of influenza virus-like particles in a mouse model. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:16643-16652. [PMID: 30784082 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2018] [Revised: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Human influenza A viruses (IAVs) cause global pandemics and epidemics, which remains a nonignorable serious concern for public health worldwide. To combat the surge of viral outbreaks, new treatments are urgently needed. Here, we design a new vaccine based on virus-like particles (VLPs) and show how intranasal administration of this vaccine triggers protective immunity, which can be exploited for the development of new therapies. H1N1 VLPs were produced in baculovirus vectors and were injected into BALB/c mice by the intramuscular (IM) or intranasal (IN) route. We found that there were significantly higher inflammatory cell and lymphocyte concentrations in bronchoalveolar lavage samples and the lungs of IN immunized mice; however, the IM group had little signs of inflammatory responses. On the basis of our results, immunization with H1N1 influenza VLP elicited a strong T cell immunity in BALB/c mice. Despite T cell immunity amplification after both IN and IM vaccination methods in mice, IN-induced T cell responses were significantly more intense than IM-induced responses, and this was likely related to an increased number of both CD11bhigh and CD103+ dendritic cells in mice lungs after IN administration of VLP. Furthermore, evaluation of interleukin-4 and interferon gamma cytokines along with several chemokine receptors showed that VLP vaccination via IN and IM routes leads to a greater CD4+ Th1 and Th2 response, respectively. Our findings indicated that VLPs represent a potential strategy for the development of an effective influenza vaccine; however, employing relevant routes for vaccination can be another important part of the universal influenza vaccine puzzle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Keshavarz
- Department of Virology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,The Persian Gulf Tropical Medicine Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Haideh Namdari
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yaser Arjeini
- Virology Department, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Vahid Salimi
- Virology Department, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmadreza Sadeghi
- Iranian Tissue Bank and Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Talat Mokhtari-Azad
- Virology Department, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,National Influenza Center, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farhad Rezaei
- Virology Department, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,National Influenza Center, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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18
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Trombetta CM, Marchi S, Manini I, Lazzeri G, Montomoli E. Challenges in the development of egg-independent vaccines for influenza. Expert Rev Vaccines 2019; 18:737-750. [DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2019.1639503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Serena Marchi
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Ilaria Manini
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Giacomo Lazzeri
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Emanuele Montomoli
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
- VisMederi srl, Siena, Italy
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19
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Kim KH, Lee YT, Park S, Jung YJ, Lee Y, Ko EJ, Kim YJ, Li X, Kang SM. Neuraminidase expressing virus-like particle vaccine provides effective cross protection against influenza virus. Virology 2019; 535:179-188. [PMID: 31310875 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2019.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Revised: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Neuraminidase is the second major surface antigen on influenza virus. We investigated the immunogenicity and cross protective efficacy of virus-like particle containing neuraminidase derived from 2009 pandemic H1N1 influenza virus (N1 VLP) in comparison with inactivated split influenza vaccine. Immunization of mice with N1 VLP induced antibody responses specific for virus and cross-reactive neuraminidase inhibition activity whereas an inactivated split vaccine induced strain-specific hemagglutination inhibition activity. N1 VLP-immunized mice developed cross protective immunity against antigenically different influenza viruses, as determined by body weight changes, lung viral titers, infiltrating innate immune cells, and cytokines, and antibody secreting cells, and germinal center B cells. Also, N1 VLP-immune sera provided cross-protection in naïve mice. Immunity by N1 VLP vaccination was not compromised in Fc receptor γ-chain deficient mice. These results suggest that neuraminidase-presenting VLP can be developed as an effective cross-protective vaccine candidate along with current influenza vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki-Hye Kim
- Center for Inflammation, Immunity and Infection, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, USA
| | - Young-Tae Lee
- Center for Inflammation, Immunity and Infection, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, USA
| | - Soojin Park
- Center for Inflammation, Immunity and Infection, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, USA
| | - Yu-Jin Jung
- Center for Inflammation, Immunity and Infection, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, USA
| | - Youri Lee
- Center for Inflammation, Immunity and Infection, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, USA
| | - Eun-Ju Ko
- Center for Inflammation, Immunity and Infection, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, USA
| | - Yu-Jin Kim
- Center for Inflammation, Immunity and Infection, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, USA
| | - Xuguang Li
- Center for Vaccine Evaluation, Biologics and Genetic Therapies Directorate, HPFP, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Sang-Moo Kang
- Center for Inflammation, Immunity and Infection, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, USA.
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20
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Qiu X, Duvvuri VR, Bahl J. Computational Approaches and Challenges to Developing Universal Influenza Vaccines. Vaccines (Basel) 2019; 7:E45. [PMID: 31141933 PMCID: PMC6631137 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines7020045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2019] [Revised: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The traditional design of effective vaccines for rapidly-evolving pathogens, such as influenza A virus, has failed to provide broad spectrum and long-lasting protection. With low cost whole genome sequencing technology and powerful computing capabilities, novel computational approaches have demonstrated the potential to facilitate the design of a universal influenza vaccine. However, few studies have integrated computational optimization in the design and discovery of new vaccines. Understanding the potential of computational vaccine design is necessary before these approaches can be implemented on a broad scale. This review summarizes some promising computational approaches under current development, including computationally optimized broadly reactive antigens with consensus sequences, phylogenetic model-based ancestral sequence reconstruction, and immunomics to compute conserved cross-reactive T-cell epitopes. Interactions between virus-host-environment determine the evolvability of the influenza population. We propose that with the development of novel technologies that allow the integration of data sources such as protein structural modeling, host antibody repertoire analysis and advanced phylodynamic modeling, computational approaches will be crucial for the development of a long-lasting universal influenza vaccine. Taken together, computational approaches are powerful and promising tools for the development of a universal influenza vaccine with durable and broad protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueting Qiu
- Center for Ecology of Infectious Diseases, Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.
| | - Venkata R Duvvuri
- Center for Ecology of Infectious Diseases, Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.
| | - Justin Bahl
- Center for Ecology of Infectious Diseases, Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30606, USA.
- Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore.
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21
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Ross TM, DiNapoli J, Giel-Moloney M, Bloom CE, Bertran K, Balzli C, Strugnell T, Sá E Silva M, Mebatsion T, Bublot M, Swayne DE, Kleanthous H. A computationally designed H5 antigen shows immunological breadth of coverage and protects against drifting avian strains. Vaccine 2019; 37:2369-2376. [PMID: 30905528 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2019.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Revised: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Since the first identification of the H5N1 Goose/Guangdong lineage in 1996, this highly pathogenic avian influenza virus has spread worldwide, becoming endemic in domestic poultry. Sporadic transmission to humans has raised concerns of a potential pandemic and underscores the need for a broad cross-protective influenza vaccine. Here, we tested our previously described methodology, termed Computationally Optimized Broadly Reactive Antigen (COBRA), to generate a novel hemagglutinin (HA) gene, termed COBRA-2, that was based on H5 HA sequences from 2005 to 2006. The COBRA-2 HA virus-like particle (VLP) vaccines were used to vaccinate chickens and the immune responses were compared to responses elicited by VLP's expressing HA from A/whooper swan/Mongolia/244/2005 (WS/05), a representative 2005 vaccine virus from clade 2.2. To support this evaluation a hemagglutination inhibition (HAI) breadth panel was developed consisting of phylogenetically and antigenically diverse H5 strains in circulation from 2005 to 2006, as well as recent drift variants (2008 - 2014). We found that the COBRA-2 VLP vaccines elicited robust HAI titers against this entire breadth panel, whereas the VLP vaccine based upon the recommended WS/05 HA only elicited HAI responses against a subset of strains. Furthermore, while all vaccines protected chickens against challenge with the WS/05 virus, only the human COBRA-2 VLP vaccinated birds were protected (80%) against a recent drifted clade 2.3.2.1B, A/duck/Vietnam/NCVD-672/2011 (VN/11) virus. This is the first report to demonstrate seroprotective antibody responses against genetically diverse clades and sub-clades of H5 viruses and protective efficacy against a recent drifted variant using a globular head based design strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ted M Ross
- University of Georgia, Center for Vaccines and Immunology, Department of Infectious Diseases, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | | | | | - Chalise E Bloom
- University of Georgia, Center for Vaccines and Immunology, Department of Infectious Diseases, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Kateri Bertran
- Exotic and Emerging Avian Viral Diseases Research Unit, Southeast Poultry Research Laboratory, U.S. National Poultry Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Charles Balzli
- Exotic and Emerging Avian Viral Diseases Research Unit, Southeast Poultry Research Laboratory, U.S. National Poultry Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Tod Strugnell
- Sanofi-Pasteur, 38 Sidney Street, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | | | | | - Michel Bublot
- Boehringer lngelheim, S.A.S., R&D, 69007 Lyon, France
| | - David E Swayne
- Exotic and Emerging Avian Viral Diseases Research Unit, Southeast Poultry Research Laboratory, U.S. National Poultry Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Athens, GA 30602, USA
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22
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Hong JY, Chen TH, Chen YJ, Liu CC, Jan JT, Wu SC. Highly immunogenic influenza virus-like particles containing B-cell-activating factor (BAFF) for multi-subtype vaccine development. Antiviral Res 2019; 164:12-22. [PMID: 30738089 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2019.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Revised: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Virus-like particle (VLP) technology is an attractive platform for the development of seasonal and pandemic influenza vaccines. Influenza VLPs can be obtained by the overexpression of HA, M1, NA, and/or M2 viral proteins in insect, mammalian, or plant cells. In this study, we reported to obtain highly immunogenic influenza VLPs by molecular incorporation with B-cell-activating factor (BAFF) or proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL). Since BAFF and APRIL act as homotrimers to interact with their receptors, we engineered the VLPs by direct fusion of BAFF or APRIL to the transmembrane anchored domain of H5HA gene. Results showed that immunizations with the HA-transmembrane anchored BAFF- or APRIL-VLPs only formulated in alum but not MPL adjuvant elicited significantly higher IgG titers in sera. However, only the BAFF-VLPs formulated in alum adjuvant elicited more broadly neutralizing antibodies against the homologous and two heterologous H5N1 clade/subclade viruses and conferred protective immunity against live virus challenges. As the multi-subtype influenza vaccines containing a variety of HA subtypes can confer broader protective immunity, we also obtained multi-subtype H5H7 BAFF-VLPs and H1H5H7 BAFF-VLPs and demonstrated that these multi-subtype BAFF-VLPs were able to induce the production of neutralizing antibodies against multiple HA subtypes. Our findings provided useful information for the development of highly immunogenic, multi-subtype influenza VLP vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jo-Yu Hong
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Hsuan Chen
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Jou Chen
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chyi Liu
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Tsrong Jan
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Suh-Chin Wu
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan; Department of Medical Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
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23
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Moon EK, Kang HJ, Chu KB, Lee SH, Lee DH, Soh Y, Quan FS. Immune Correlates of Protection Induced by Virus-Like Particles Containing 2009 H1N1 Pandemic Influenza HA, NA or M1 Proteins. Immunol Invest 2018; 48:355-366. [DOI: 10.1080/08820139.2018.1544640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Kyung Moon
- Department of Medical Zoology, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hae-Ji Kang
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ki-Back Chu
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Su-Hwa Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong-Hun Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yunsoo Soh
- Department of Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University Seoul, Korea
| | - Fu-Shi Quan
- Department of Medical Zoology, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Biomedical Science Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
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24
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Pati R, Shevtsov M, Sonawane A. Nanoparticle Vaccines Against Infectious Diseases. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2224. [PMID: 30337923 PMCID: PMC6180194 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 283] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to emergence of new variants of pathogenic micro-organisms the treatment and immunization of infectious diseases have become a great challenge in the past few years. In the context of vaccine development remarkable efforts have been made to develop new vaccines and also to improve the efficacy of existing vaccines against specific diseases. To date, some vaccines are developed from protein subunits or killed pathogens, whilst several vaccines are based on live-attenuated organisms, which carry the risk of regaining their pathogenicity under certain immunocompromised conditions. To avoid this, the development of risk-free effective vaccines in conjunction with adequate delivery systems are considered as an imperative need to obtain desired humoral and cell-mediated immunity against infectious diseases. In the last several years, the use of nanoparticle-based vaccines has received a great attention to improve vaccine efficacy, immunization strategies, and targeted delivery to achieve desired immune responses at the cellular level. To improve vaccine efficacy, these nanocarriers should protect the antigens from premature proteolytic degradation, facilitate antigen uptake and processing by antigen presenting cells, control release, and should be safe for human use. Nanocarriers composed of lipids, proteins, metals or polymers have already been used to attain some of these attributes. In this context, several physico-chemical properties of nanoparticles play an important role in the determination of vaccine efficacy. This review article focuses on the applications of nanocarrier-based vaccine formulations and the strategies used for the functionalization of nanoparticles to accomplish efficient delivery of vaccines in order to induce desired host immunity against infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maxim Shevtsov
- Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), St. Petersburg, Russia
- Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- First Pavlov State Medical University of St.Petersburg, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Avinash Sonawane
- School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, India
- Discipline of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore, India
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Pushko P, Tretyakova I, Hidajat R, Sun X, Belser JA, Tumpey TM. Multi-clade H5N1 virus-like particles: Immunogenicity and protection against H5N1 virus and effects of beta-propiolactone. Vaccine 2018; 36:4346-4353. [PMID: 29885769 PMCID: PMC6070352 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2018.05.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
During the past decade, H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses have diversified genetically and antigenically, suggesting the need for multiple H5N1 vaccines. However, preparation of multiple vaccines from live H5N1 HPAI viruses is difficult and economically not feasible representing a challenge for pandemic preparedness. Here we evaluated a novel multi-clade recombinant H5N1 virus-like particle (VLP) design, in which H5 hemagglutinins (HA) and N1 neuraminidase (NA) derived from four distinct clades of H5N1 virus were co-localized within the VLP structure. The multi-clade H5N1 VLPs were prepared by using a recombinant baculovirus expression system and evaluated for functional hemagglutination and neuraminidase enzyme activities, particle size and morphology, as well as for the presence of baculovirus in the purified VLP preparations. To remove residual baculovirus, VLP preparations were treated with beta-propiolactone (BPL). Immunogenicity and efficacy of multi-clade H5N1 VLPs were determined in an experimental ferret H5N1 HPAI challenge model, to ascertain the effect of BPL on immunogenicity and protective efficacy against lethal challenge. Although treatment with BPL reduced immunogenicity of VLPs, all vaccinated ferrets were protected from lethal challenge with influenza A/VietNam/1203/2004 (H5N1) HPAI virus, indicating that multi-clade VLP preparations treated with BPL represent a potential approach for pandemic preparedness vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Pushko
- Medigen, Inc., 8420 Gas House Pike, Suite S, Frederick, MD 21701, USA.
| | - Irina Tretyakova
- Medigen, Inc., 8420 Gas House Pike, Suite S, Frederick, MD 21701, USA
| | - Rachmat Hidajat
- Medigen, Inc., 8420 Gas House Pike, Suite S, Frederick, MD 21701, USA
| | - Xiangjie Sun
- Influenza Division, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road N.E, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jessica A Belser
- Influenza Division, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road N.E, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Terrence M Tumpey
- Influenza Division, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road N.E, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Ren Z, Zhao Y, Liu J, Ji X, Meng L, Wang T, Sun W, Zhang K, Sang X, Yu Z, Li Y, Feng N, Wang H, Yang S, Yang Z, Ma Y, Gao Y, Xia X. Intramuscular and intranasal immunization with an H7N9 influenza virus-like particle vaccine protects mice against lethal influenza virus challenge. Int Immunopharmacol 2018; 58:109-116. [PMID: 29571081 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2017.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Revised: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The H7N9 influenza virus epidemic has been associated with a high mortality rate in China. Therefore, to prevent the H7N9 virus from causing further damage, developing a safe and effective vaccine is necessary. In this study, a vaccine candidate consisting of virus-like particles (VLPs) based on H7N9 A/Shanghai/2/2013 and containing hemagglutinin (HA), neuraminidase (NA), and matrix protein (M1) was successfully produced using a baculovirus (BV) expression system. Immunization experiments showed that strong humoral and cellular immune responses could be induced by the developed VLPs when administered via either the intramuscular (IM) or intranasal (IN) immunization routes. Notably, VLPs administered via both immunization routes provided 100% protection against lethal infection caused by the H7N9 virus. The IN immunization with 40μg of H7N9 VLPs induced strong lung IgA and lung tissue resident memory (TRM) cell-mediated local immune responses. These results provide evidence for the development of an effective preventive vaccine against the H7N9 virus based on VLPs administered through both the IM and IN immunization routes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiguang Ren
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, Henan University, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Kaifeng 475004, China; Institute of Military Veterinary, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Changchun 130122, China; Key Lab of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Henan University, School of Basic Medicine, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Yongkun Zhao
- Institute of Military Veterinary, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Changchun 130122, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Institute of Military Veterinary, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Changchun 130122, China
| | - Xianliang Ji
- Institute of Military Veterinary, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Changchun 130122, China
| | - Lingnan Meng
- Institute of Military Veterinary, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Changchun 130122, China
| | - Tiecheng Wang
- Institute of Military Veterinary, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Changchun 130122, China
| | - Weiyang Sun
- Institute of Military Veterinary, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Changchun 130122, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- Institute of Military Veterinary, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Changchun 130122, China
| | - Xiaoyu Sang
- Institute of Military Veterinary, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Changchun 130122, China
| | - Zhijun Yu
- Institute of Military Veterinary, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Changchun 130122, China
| | - Yuanguo Li
- Institute of Military Veterinary, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Changchun 130122, China
| | - Na Feng
- Institute of Military Veterinary, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Changchun 130122, China
| | - Hualei Wang
- Institute of Military Veterinary, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Changchun 130122, China
| | - Songtao Yang
- Institute of Military Veterinary, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Changchun 130122, China
| | - Zhengyan Yang
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, Henan University, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Kaifeng 475004, China; Key Lab of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Henan University, School of Basic Medicine, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Yuanfang Ma
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, Henan University, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Kaifeng 475004, China; Key Lab of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Henan University, School of Basic Medicine, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Yuwei Gao
- Institute of Military Veterinary, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Changchun 130122, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225000, China; Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130122, China.
| | - Xianzhu Xia
- Institute of Military Veterinary, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Changchun 130122, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225000, China; Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130122, China.
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Li X, Ju H, Liu J, Yang D, Qi X, Yang X, Qiu Y, Zheng J, Ge F, Zhou J. Influenza virus-like particles harboring H9N2 HA and NA proteins induce a protective immune response in chicken. Influenza Other Respir Viruses 2017; 11:518-524. [PMID: 28752641 PMCID: PMC5705689 DOI: 10.1111/irv.12472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Avian influenza viruses represent a growing threat of an influenza pandemic. The co‐circulation of multiple H9N2 genotypes over the past decade has been replaced by one predominant genotype—G57 genotype, which displays a changed antigenicity and improved adaptability in chickens. Effective H9N2 subtype avian influenza virus vaccines for poultry are urgently needed. Objective In this study, we constructed H9N2 subtype avian influenza virus‐like particle (VLP) and evaluated its protective efficacy in specific pathogen‐free (SPF) chickens to lay the foundation for developing an effective vaccine against influenza viruses. Methods Expression of influenza proteins in VLPs was confirmed by Western blot, hemagglutination inhibition (HI), and neuraminidase inhibition (NI). The morphology was observed by electron microscopy. A group of 15 three‐week‐old SPF chickens was divided into three subgroups of five chickens immunized with VLP, commercial vaccine, and PBS. Challenge study was performed to evaluate efficacy of VLP vaccine. Results and Conclusions The hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) proteins were co‐expressed in the infected cells, self‐assembled, and were released into the culture medium in the form of VLPs of diameter ~80 nm. The VLPs exhibited some functional characteristics of a full influenza virus, including hemagglutination and neuraminidase activity. In SPF chickens, the VLPs elicited serum antibodies specific for H9N2 and induced a higher HI titer (as detected by a homologous antigen) than did a commercial H9N2 vaccine (A/chicken/Shanghai/F/1998). Viral shedding from VLP vaccine subgroup was reduced compared with commercial vaccine subgroup and control subgroup.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- Veterinary disease diagnostic center, Shanghai Animal Disease Control Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Houbin Ju
- Veterinary disease diagnostic center, Shanghai Animal Disease Control Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Liu
- Veterinary disease diagnostic center, Shanghai Animal Disease Control Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Dequan Yang
- Veterinary disease diagnostic center, Shanghai Animal Disease Control Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinyong Qi
- Veterinary disease diagnostic center, Shanghai Animal Disease Control Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Xianchao Yang
- Veterinary disease diagnostic center, Shanghai Animal Disease Control Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Yafeng Qiu
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Zheng
- College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Feifei Ge
- Veterinary disease diagnostic center, Shanghai Animal Disease Control Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinping Zhou
- Veterinary disease diagnostic center, Shanghai Animal Disease Control Center, Shanghai, China
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28
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Allen JD, Owino SO, Carter DM, Crevar CJ, Reese VA, Fox CB, Coler RN, Reed SG, Baldwin SL, Ross TM. Broadened immunity and protective responses with emulsion-adjuvanted H5 COBRA-VLP vaccines. Vaccine 2017; 35:5209-5216. [PMID: 28789850 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.07.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2017] [Revised: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
A number of challenges for developing a protective pre-pandemic influenza A vaccine exists including predicting the target influenza strain and designing the vaccine for an immunologically naïve population. Manufacturing and supply of the vaccine would also require implementing ways to increase coverage for the largest number of people through dose-sparing methods, while not compromising the potency of the vaccine. Previously, our group described a novel hemagglutinin (HA) for H5N1 influenza derived from a methodology termed computationally optimized broadly reactive antigen (COBRA). This report describes a strategy combining a COBRA-based HA vaccine with an oil-in-water emulsion, resulting in a dose-sparing, immunologically broadened, and protective response against multiple H5N1 isolates. Here, we show that an emulsion-based adjuvant enhances the magnitude and breadth of antibody responses with both a wild-type H5HA (H5N1 WT) and the H5N1 COBRA HA VLP vaccines. The H5N1 COBRA HA VLP, combined with an emulsion adjuvant, elicited HAI specific antibodies against a larger panel of H5N1 viruses that resulted in protection against challenge as efficiently as the homologous, matched vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- James D Allen
- Center for Vaccines and Immunology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Simon O Owino
- Center for Vaccines and Immunology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Donald M Carter
- Center for Vaccines and Immunology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA; Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA; University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Rhea N Coler
- Infectious Disease Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Steven G Reed
- Infectious Disease Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Ted M Ross
- Center for Vaccines and Immunology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA; Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA; University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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Smith GE, Sun X, Bai Y, Liu YV, Massare MJ, Pearce MB, Belser JA, Maines TR, Creager HM, Glenn GM, Flyer D, Pushko P, Levine MZ, Tumpey TM. Neuraminidase-based recombinant virus-like particles protect against lethal avian influenza A(H5N1) virus infection in ferrets. Virology 2017. [PMID: 28624679 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2017.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Avian influenza A (H5N1) viruses represent a growing threat for an influenza pandemic. The presence of widespread avian influenza virus infections further emphasizes the need for vaccine strategies for control of pre-pandemic H5N1 and other avian influenza subtypes. Influenza neuraminidase (NA) vaccines represent a potential strategy for improving vaccines against avian influenza H5N1 viruses. To evaluate a strategy for NA vaccination, we generated a recombinant influenza virus-like particle (VLP) vaccine comprised of the NA protein of A/Indonesia/05/2005 (H5N1) virus. Ferrets vaccinated with influenza N1 NA VLPs elicited high-titer serum NA-inhibition (NI) antibody titers and were protected from lethal challenge with A/Indonesia/05/2005 virus. Moreover, N1-immune ferrets shed less infectious virus than similarly challenged control animals. In contrast, ferrets administered control N2 NA VLPs were not protected against H5N1 virus challenge. These results provide support for continued development of NA-based vaccines against influenza H5N1 viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gale E Smith
- Novavax, Inc., 20 Firstfield, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA
| | - Xiangjie Sun
- Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Yaohui Bai
- Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Ye V Liu
- Novavax, Inc., 20 Firstfield, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA
| | | | - Melissa B Pearce
- Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jessica A Belser
- Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Taronna R Maines
- Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Hannah M Creager
- Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA; Microbiology and Molecular Genetics Graduate Program, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | - David Flyer
- Novavax, Inc., 20 Firstfield, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA
| | - Peter Pushko
- Medigen, Inc., 8420 Gas House Pike, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Min Z Levine
- Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Terrence M Tumpey
- Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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Yang JR, Cheng CY, Chen CY, Lin CH, Kuo CY, Huang HY, Wu FT, Yang YC, Wu CY, Liu MT, Hsiao PW. A virus-like particle vaccination strategy expands its tolerance to H3N2 antigenic drift by enhancing neutralizing antibodies against hemagglutinin stalk. Antiviral Res 2017; 140:62-75. [DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2017.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Revised: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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31
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Sączyńska V, Romanik A, Florys K, Cecuda-Adamczewska V, Kęsik-Brodacka M, Śmietanka K, Olszewska M, Domańska-Blicharz K, Minta Z, Szewczyk B, Płucienniczak G, Płucienniczak A. A novel hemagglutinin protein produced in bacteria protects chickens against H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses by inducing H5 subtype-specific neutralizing antibodies. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0172008. [PMID: 28212428 PMCID: PMC5315377 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0172008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2016] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The highly pathogenic (HP) H5N1 avian influenza viruses (AIVs) cause a mortality rate of up to 100% in infected chickens and pose a permanent pandemic threat. Attempts to obtain effective vaccines against H5N1 HPAIVs have focused on hemagglutinin (HA), an immunodominant viral antigen capable of eliciting neutralizing antibodies. The vast majority of vaccine projects have been performed using eukaryotic expression systems. In contrast, we used a bacterial expression system to produce vaccine HA protein (bacterial HA) according to our own design. The HA protein with the sequence of the H5N1 HPAIV strain was efficiently expressed in Escherichia coli, recovered in the form of inclusion bodies and refolded by dilution between two chromatographic purification steps. Antigenicity studies showed that the resulting antigen, referred to as rH5-E. coli, preserves conformational epitopes targeted by antibodies specific for H5-subtype HAs, inhibiting hemagglutination and/or neutralizing influenza viruses in vitro. The proper conformation of this protein and its ability to form functional oligomers were confirmed by a hemagglutination test. Consistent with the biochemical characteristics, prime-boost immunizations with adjuvanted rH5-E. coli protected 100% and 70% of specific pathogen-free, layer-type chickens against challenge with homologous and heterologous H5N1 HPAIVs, respectively. The observed protection was related to the positivity in the FluAC H5 test (IDVet) but not to hemagglutination-inhibiting antibody titers. Due to full protection, the effective contact transmission of the homologous challenge virus did not occur. Survivors from both challenges did not or only transiently shed the viruses, as established by viral RNA detection in oropharyngeal and cloacal swabs. Our results demonstrate that vaccination with rH5-E. coli could confer control of H5N1 HPAIV infection and transmission rates in chicken flocks, accompanied by reduced virus shedding. Moreover, the role of H5 subtype-specific neutralizing antibodies in anti-influenza immunity and a novel correlate of protection are indicated.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Krzysztof Śmietanka
- Department of Poultry Diseases, National Veterinary Research Institute, Puławy, Poland
| | - Monika Olszewska
- Department of Poultry Diseases, National Veterinary Research Institute, Puławy, Poland
| | | | - Zenon Minta
- Department of Poultry Diseases, National Veterinary Research Institute, Puławy, Poland
| | - Bogusław Szewczyk
- Department of Recombinant Vaccines, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Gdańsk and Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
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Ingle NB, Virkar RG, Arankalle VA. Inter-Clade Protection Offered by Mw-Adjuvanted Recombinant HA, NP Proteins, and M2e Peptide Combination Vaccine in Mice Correlates with Cellular Immune Response. Front Immunol 2017; 7:674. [PMID: 28119689 PMCID: PMC5220098 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2016.00674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
We documented earlier that Mw (heat-killed suspension of Mycobacterium indicus pranii) adjuvant when used with conserved antigens, nucleoprotein (NP), and ectodomain of matrix (M2) protein (M2e) provided complete protection against homologous (clade 2.2) virus challenge in mice. The present study extends these observations to inter-clade challenge (clade 2.3.2.1) H5N1 virus and attempts to understand preliminary immunologic basis for the observed protection. Female BALB/c mice immunized with a single or two doses of vaccine formulations (clade 2.2 antigens) were challenged with 100LD50 homologous or heterologous (clade 2.3.2.1) virus. To understand the preliminary immunologic mechanism, we studied proportions of selected immune cell types, immune response gene expression, and Th1/Th2 cytokines induced by antigen-stimulated splenocytes from immunized mice, at different time points. Complete protection was conferred by Mw-HA, Mw-HA + NP, and Mw-HA + NP + M2e against homologous challenge. The protection correlated with IgG2a antibody titers indicating important role of Th1 response. Despite high inter-cladal antigenic differences, complete protection against the heterologous strain was achieved with Mw-HA + NP + M2e. Of note, a single dose with higher antigen concentrations (50 µg HA + 50 μg NP + 50 μg M2e) led to 80% protection against clade 2.3.2.1 strain. The protection conferred by Mw-HNM correlated with induction of IFN-γ, CD8+ T cytotoxic cells, and CD4+ T helper cells. Mw-adjuvanted HA + NP + M2e combination represents a promising vaccine candidate deserving further evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilesh B Ingle
- Hepatitis Division, National Institute of Virology , Pune , India
| | - Rashmi G Virkar
- Hepatitis Division, National Institute of Virology , Pune , India
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Lin Q, Yang K, He F, Jiang J, Li T, Chen Z, Li R, Chen Y, Li S, Zhao Q, Xia N. Production of Influenza Virus HA1 Harboring Native-Like Epitopes by Pichia pastoris. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2016; 179:1275-89. [PMID: 27040529 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-016-2064-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The outbreak of the H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza which exhibits high variation had brought a serious threat to the safety of humanity. To overcome this high variation, hemagglutinin-based recombinant subunit vaccine with rational design has been considered as a substitute for traditional virion-based vaccine development. Here, we expressed HA1 part of the hemagglutinin protein using the Pichia pastoris expression system and attained a high yield of about 120 mg/L through the use of fed-batch scalable fermentation. HA1 protein in the culture supernatant was purified using two-step ion-exchange chromatography. The resultant HA1 protein was homogeneous in solution in a glycosylated form, as confirmed by endoglycosidase H treatment. Sedimentation velocity tests, silver staining of protein gels, and immunoblotting were used for verification. The native HA1 reacted well with conformational, cross-genotype, neutralizing monoclonal antibodies, whereas a loss of binding activity was noted with the denatured HA1 form. Moreover, the murine anti-HA1 serum exhibited a virus-capture capability in the hemagglutination inhibition assay, which suggests that HA1 harbors native-like epitopes. In conclusion, soluble HA1 was efficiently expressed and purified in this study. The functional glycosylated protein will be an alternative for the development of recombinant protein-based influenza vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingshan Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361002, People's Republic of China
| | - Kunyu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361002, People's Republic of China
| | - Fangping He
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361002, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361002, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingting Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361002, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenqin Chen
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Disease, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361002, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361002, People's Republic of China
| | - Yixin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361002, People's Republic of China
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Disease, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361002, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaowei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361002, People's Republic of China.
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Disease, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361002, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qinjian Zhao
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Disease, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361002, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ningshao Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361002, People's Republic of China
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Disease, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361002, People's Republic of China
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Liu J, Dai S, Wang M, Hu Z, Wang H, Deng F. Virus like particle-based vaccines against emerging infectious disease viruses. Virol Sin 2016; 31:279-87. [PMID: 27405928 PMCID: PMC7090901 DOI: 10.1007/s12250-016-3756-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Accepted: 06/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging infectious diseases are major threats to human health. Most severe viral disease outbreaks occur in developing regions where health conditions are poor. With increased international travel and business, the possibility of eventually transmitting infectious viruses between different countries is increasing. The most effective approach in preventing viral diseases is vaccination. However, vaccines are not currently available for numerous viral diseases. Virus-like particles (VLPs) are engineered vaccine candidates that have been studied for decades. VLPs are constructed by viral protein expression in various expression systems that promote the selfassembly of proteins into structures resembling virus particles. VLPs have antigenicity similar to that of the native virus, but are non-infectious as they lack key viral genetic material. VLP vaccines have attracted considerable research interest because they offer several advantages over traditional vaccines. Studies have shown that VLP vaccines can stimulate both humoral and cellular immune responses, which may offer effective antiviral protection. Here we review recent developments with VLP-based vaccines for several highly virulent emerging or re-emerging infectious diseases. The infectious agents discussed include RNA viruses from different virus families, such as the Arenaviridae, Bunyaviridae, Caliciviridae, Coronaviridae, Filoviridae, Flaviviridae, Orthomyxoviridae, Paramyxoviridae, and Togaviridae families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinliang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Shiyu Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Manli Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Zhihong Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Hualin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Fei Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China.
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An immunoassay-based reverse-transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay for the rapid detection of avian influenza H5N1 virus viremia. Biosens Bioelectron 2016; 86:255-261. [PMID: 27376196 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2016.06.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Revised: 06/09/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Avian influenza virus (AIV) subtype H5N1 attracts particular consideration because it is a continuous threat to animals and public health systems. The viremia caused by AIV H5N1 infection may increase the risk of blood-borne transmission between humans. Therefore, there is a need to rapidly evaluate and implement screening measures for AIV H5N1 viremia that allows for rapid response to this potentially pandemic threat. The present report describes an immunoassay-based reverse-transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (immuno-RT-LAMP) assay for the rapid detection of AIV H5N1 in whole blood samples. Using PCR tubes coated with an H5 subtype monoclonal antibody, AIV H5N1 virions were specifically captured from blood samples. After a thermal lysis step, the released viral N1 gene was exponentially amplified using RT-LAMP on either a real-time PCR instrument for quantitative analysis, or in a water bath system for endpoint analysis. The detection limit of the newly developed immuno-RT-LAMP assay was as low as 1.62×10(1) 50% embryo infectious dose/mL of virus in both regular samples and simulated viremia samples. There were no cross-reactions with non-H5N1 influenza viruses or other avian viruses. The reproducibility of the assay was confirmed using intra- and inter-assay tests with variability ranging from 1.05% to 3.37%. Our results indicate that immuno-RT-LAMP is a novel, effective point-of-care virus identification solution for the rapid diagnosis and monitoring of AIV H5N1 in blood samples.
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Particle and subunit-based hemagglutinin vaccines provide protective efficacy against H1N1 influenza in pigs. Vet Microbiol 2016; 191:35-43. [PMID: 27374905 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2016.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2015] [Revised: 05/09/2016] [Accepted: 05/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The increasing diversity of influenza strains circulating in swine herds escalates the potential for the emergence of novel pandemic viruses and highlights the need for swift development of new vaccines. Baculovirus has proven to be a flexible platform for the generation of recombinant forms of hemagglutinin (HA) including subunit, VLP-displayed, and baculovirus-displayed antigens. These presentations have been shown to be efficacious in mouse, chicken, and ferret models but little is known about their immunogenicity in pigs. To assess the utility of these HA presentations in swine, Baculovirus constructs expressing HA fused to swine IgG2a Fc, displayed in a FeLV gag VLP, or displayed in the baculoviral envelope were generated. Vaccines formulated with these antigens wer The e administered to groups of pigs who were subsequently challenged with H1α cluster H1N1 swine influenza virus (SIV) A/Swine/Indiana/1726/88. Our results demonstrate that vaccination with any of these three vaccines elicits robust hemagglutinin inhibition titers in the serum and decreased the severity of SIV-associated lung lesions after challenge when compared to placebo-vaccinated controls. In addition, the number of pigs with virus detected in the lungs and nasal passages was reduced. Taken together, the results demonstrate that these recombinant approaches expressed with the baculovirus expression vector system may be viable options for development of SIV vaccines for swine.
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Arevalo MT, Wong TM, Ross TM. Expression and Purification of Virus-like Particles for Vaccination. J Vis Exp 2016. [PMID: 27286040 DOI: 10.3791/54041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Virus-like particles (VLPs) and subviral particles (SVPs) are an alternative approach to viral vaccine design that offers the advantages of increased biosafety and stability over use of live pathogens. Non-infectious and self-assembling, VLPs are used to present structural proteins as immunogens, bypassing the need for live pathogens or recombinant viral vectors for antigen delivery. In this article, we demonstrate the different stages of VLP design and development for future applications in preclinical animal testing. The procedure includes the following stages: selection of antigen, expression of antigen in cell line of choice, purification of VLPs/SVPs, and quantification for antigen dosing. We demonstrate use of both mammalian and insect cell lines for expression of our antigens and demonstrate how methodologies differ in yield. The methodology presented may apply to a variety of pathogens and can be achieved by substituting the antigens with immunogenic structural proteins of the user's microorganism of interest. VLPs and SVPs assist with antigen characterization and selection of the best vaccine candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria T Arevalo
- Center for Vaccines and Immunology, Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia
| | - Terianne M Wong
- Center for Vaccines and Immunology, Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia
| | - Ted M Ross
- Center for Vaccines and Immunology, Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia;
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38
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Advances in novel influenza vaccines: a patent review. J Microbiol 2016; 54:403-12. [PMID: 27225456 DOI: 10.1007/s12275-016-6176-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2016] [Revised: 05/17/2016] [Accepted: 05/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The threat of a major human influenza pandemic such as the avian H5N1 or the 2009 new H1N1 has emphasized the need for effective prevention strategies to combat these pathogens. Although egg based influenza vaccines have been well established for a long time, it remains an ongoing public health need to develop alternative production methods that ensures improved safety, efficacy, and ease of administration compared with conventional influenza vaccines. This article is intended to cover some of the recent advances and related patents on the development of influenza vaccines including live attenuated, cell based, genomic and synthetic peptide vaccines.
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Quan FS, Lee YT, Kim KH, Kim MC, Kang SM. Progress in developing virus-like particle influenza vaccines. Expert Rev Vaccines 2016; 15:1281-93. [PMID: 27058302 DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2016.1175942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Recombinant vaccines based on virus-like particles (VLPs) or nanoparticles have been successful in their safety and efficacy in preclinical and clinical studies. The technology of expressing enveloped VLP vaccines has combined with molecular engineering of proteins in membrane-anchor and immunogenic forms mimicking the native conformation of surface proteins on the enveloped viruses. This review summarizes recent developments in influenza VLP vaccines against seasonal, pandemic, and avian influenza viruses from the perspective of use in humans. The immunogenicity and efficacies of influenza VLP vaccine in the homologous and cross-protection were reviewed. Discussions include limitations of current influenza vaccination strategies and future directions to confer broadly cross protective new influenza vaccines as well as vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Shi Quan
- a Department of Medical Zoology , Kyung Hee University School of Medicine , Seoul , Korea
| | - Young-Tae Lee
- b Center for Inflammation, Immunity & Infection, Institute for Biomedical Sciences , Georgia State University , Atlanta , GA , USA
| | - Ki-Hye Kim
- b Center for Inflammation, Immunity & Infection, Institute for Biomedical Sciences , Georgia State University , Atlanta , GA , USA
| | - Min-Chul Kim
- b Center for Inflammation, Immunity & Infection, Institute for Biomedical Sciences , Georgia State University , Atlanta , GA , USA.,c Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency , Gimcheon , Korea
| | - Sang-Moo Kang
- b Center for Inflammation, Immunity & Infection, Institute for Biomedical Sciences , Georgia State University , Atlanta , GA , USA
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Zhang X, Xin L, Li S, Fang M, Zhang J, Xia N, Zhao Q. Lessons learned from successful human vaccines: Delineating key epitopes by dissecting the capsid proteins. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2016; 11:1277-92. [PMID: 25751641 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2015.1016675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Recombinant VLP-based vaccines have been successfully used against 3 diseases caused by viral infections: Hepatitis B, cervical cancer and hepatitis E. The VLP approach is attracting increasing attention in vaccine design and development for human and veterinary use. This review summarizes the clinically relevant epitopes on the VLP antigens in successful human vaccines. These virion-like epitopes, which can be delineated with molecular biology, cryo-electron microscopy and x-ray crystallographic methods, are the prerequisites for these efficacious vaccines to elicit functional antibodies. The critical epitopes and key factors influencing these epitopes are discussed for the HEV, HPV and HBV vaccines. A pentamer (for HPV) or a dimer (for HEV and HBV), rather than a monomer, is the basic building block harboring critical epitopes for the assembly of VLP antigen. The processing and formulation of VLP-based vaccines need to be developed to promote the formation and stabilization of these epitopes in the recombinant antigens. Delineating the critical epitopes is essential for antigen design in the early phase of vaccine development and for critical quality attribute analysis in the commercial phase of vaccine manufacturing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Zhang
- a State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics; National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases; Xiamen University ; Xiamen , Fujian , PR China
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41
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Tussey L, Strout C, Davis M, Johnson C, Lucksinger G, Umlauf S, Song L, Liu G, Abraham K, White CJ. Phase 1 Safety and Immunogenicity Study of a Quadrivalent Seasonal Flu Vaccine Comprising Recombinant Hemagglutinin-Flagellin Fusion Proteins. Open Forum Infect Dis 2016; 3:ofw015. [PMID: 26925433 PMCID: PMC4766387 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofw015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2015] [Accepted: 01/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. We evaluated the safety and immunogenicity of VAX2012Q, a quadrivalent influenza vaccine comprising 4 hemagglutinin subunits fused to flagellin. Methods. In this dose-ranging, open-label study, healthy adults (18–40 years) were divided into 7 cohorts for evaluation of 5 dose levels and 3 component ratios. Dose levels were as follows: (1) 1 mcg per component of VAX128C (H1N1), VAX181 (H3N2), VAX173 (B-YAM), and VAX172 (B-VIC), respectively; (2) 2 mcg per component, respectively; (3) 2, 4, 4, and 4 mcg of each component, respectively; (4) 2, 4, 6, and 6 mcg of each component, respectively; and (5) 3 mcg per component, respectively. Tolerability and immunogenicity data were analyzed. Results. Three hundred sixteen subjects received VAX2012Q (309 per protocol). At all dose levels, 54% to 65% of subjects reported mild injection site pain, the most common local reaction. Moderate injection site pain increased at dose levels 2 through 5 (22%–42%, compared with 20% at dose level 1). Systemic symptoms were mostly mild to moderate with moderate symptoms increasing in dose levels 3 and 4. Three dose level 3 subjects (6%) reported severe, transient chills and or fever. Mean fold rises in hemagglutination inhibition titers ranged from 2.5 to 6.9 despite high baseline titers. Mean seroprotection rates were ≥90% and mean seroconversion rates were ≥40% for all strains in all groups postvaccination. Conclusions. VAX2012Q elicited immune responses at all dose levels with no significant safety concerns. Doses of 2 or 3 mcg per component provided a favorable balance of tolerability and immunogenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cynthia Strout
- Coastal Carolina Research , Mt. Pleasant, South Carolina
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Ge Liu
- VaxInnate Corporation , Cranbury, New Jersey
| | | | - C Jo White
- Independent Consultant/Medical Monitor , Lower Gwynedd, Pennsylvania
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Crevar CJ, Carter DM, Lee KYJ, Ross TM. Cocktail of H5N1 COBRA HA vaccines elicit protective antibodies against H5N1 viruses from multiple clades. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2015; 11:572-83. [PMID: 25671661 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2015.1012013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Pandemic outbreaks of influenza are caused by the emergence of a pathogenic and transmissible virus to which the human population is immunologically naïve. Recent outbreaks of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) of the H5N1 subtype are of particular concern because of the high mortality rate (60% case fatality rate) and novel subtype. In this study, we have engineered an influenza virus-like particle (VLP) that contains a synthetic, consensus-based HA molecule using a new methodology, computationally optimized broadly reactive antigen (COBRA). Three COBRA H5N1 HA proteins have been engineered based upon (1) human clade 2 H5N1 sequences, (2) human and avian clade 2 sequences, and (3) all H5N1 influenza sequences recorded between 2005-2008. Each hemagglutinin protein retained the ability to bind the appropriate receptors, as well as the ability to mediate particle fusion, following purification from a mammalian expression system. COBRA VLP vaccines were administered to mice and the humoral immune responses were compared to those induced by VLPs containing an HA derived from a primary viral isolate. Using a single vaccination (0.6 ug HA dose with an adjuvant) all animals vaccinated with COBRA clade 2 HA H5N1 VLPs had protective levels of HAI antibodies to a representative isolate from each subclade of clade 2, but lower titers against other clades. The addition of avian sequences from other clades expanded breadth of HAI antibodies to the divergent clades, but still not all of the 25 H5N1 viruses in the panel were recognized by antibodies elicited any one H5N1 COBRA VLP vaccine. Vaccination of mice with a cocktail of all 3 COBRA HA VLP vaccines, in a prime-boost regimen, elicited an average HAI titer greater than 1:40 against all 25 viruses. Collectively, our findings indicate that the elicited antibody response following VLP vaccination with all 3 COBRA HA vaccine simultaneously elicited a broadly-reactive set of antibodies that recognized H5N1 viruses from 11 H5N1 clades/subclades isolated over a 12-year span.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corey J Crevar
- a Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute of Florida ; Port St. Lucie , FL USA
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43
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The application of virus-like particles as vaccines and biological vehicles. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2015; 99:10415-32. [PMID: 26454868 PMCID: PMC7080154 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-015-7000-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2015] [Revised: 09/01/2015] [Accepted: 09/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Virus-like particles (VLPs) can be spontaneously self-assembled by viral structural proteins under appropriate conditions in vitro while excluding the genetic material and potential replication probability. In addition, VLPs possess several features including can be rapidly produced in large quantities through existing expression systems, highly resembling native viruses in terms of conformation and appearance, and displaying repeated cluster of epitopes. Their capsids can be modified via genetic insertion or chemical conjugation which facilitating the multivalent display of a homologous or heterogeneous epitope antigen. Therefore, VLPs are considered as a safe and effective candidate of prophylactic and therapeutic vaccines. VLPs, with a diameter of approximately 20 to 150 nm, also have the characteristics of nanometer materials, such as large surface area, surface-accessible amino acids with reactive moieties (e.g., lysine and glutamic acid residues), inerratic spatial structure, and good biocompatibility. Therefore, assembled VLPs have great potential as a delivery system for specifically carrying a variety of materials. This review summarized recent researches on VLP development as vaccines and biological vehicles, which demonstrated the advantages and potential of VLPs in disease control and prevention and diagnosis. Then, the prospect of VLP biology application in the future is discussed as well.
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44
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Beljanski V, Chiang C, Kirchenbaum GA, Olagnier D, Bloom CE, Wong T, Haddad EK, Trautmann L, Ross TM, Hiscott J. Enhanced Influenza Virus-Like Particle Vaccination with a Structurally Optimized RIG-I Agonist as Adjuvant. J Virol 2015; 89:10612-24. [PMID: 26269188 PMCID: PMC4580177 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01526-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2015] [Accepted: 08/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED The molecular interaction between viral RNA and the cytosolic sensor RIG-I represents the initial trigger in the development of an effective immune response against infection with RNA viruses, resulting in innate immune activation and subsequent induction of adaptive responses. In the present study, the adjuvant properties of a sequence-optimized 5'-triphosphate-containing RNA (5'pppRNA) RIG-I agonist (termed M8) were examined in combination with influenza virus-like particles (VLP) (M8-VLP) expressing H5N1 influenza virus hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) as immunogens. In combination with VLP, M8 increased the antibody response to VLP immunization, provided VLP antigen sparing, and protected mice from a lethal challenge with H5N1 influenza virus. M8-VLP immunization also led to long-term protective responses against influenza virus infection in mice. M8 adjuvantation of VLP increased endpoint and antibody titers and inhibited influenza virus replication in lungs compared with approved or experimental adjuvants alum, AddaVax, and poly(I·C). Uniquely, immunization with M8-VLP stimulated a TH1-biased CD4 T cell response, as determined by increased TH1 cytokine levels in CD4 T cells and increased IgG2 levels in sera. Collectively, these data demonstrate that a sequence-optimized, RIG-I-specific agonist is a potent adjuvant that can be utilized to increase the efficacy of influenza VLP vaccination and dramatically improve humoral and cellular mediated protective responses against influenza virus challenge. IMPORTANCE The development of novel adjuvants to increase vaccine immunogenicity is an important goal that seeks to improve vaccine efficacy and ultimately prevent infections that endanger human health. This proof-of-principle study investigated the adjuvant properties of a sequence-optimized 5'pppRNA agonist (M8) with enhanced capacity to stimulate antiviral and inflammatory gene networks using influenza virus-like particles (VLP) expressing HA and NA as immunogens. Vaccination with VLP in combination with M8 increased anti-influenza virus antibody titers and protected animals from lethal influenza virus challenge, highlighting the potential clinical use of M8 as an adjuvant in vaccine development. Altogether, the results describe a novel immunostimulatory agonist targeted to the cytosolic RIG-I sensor as an attractive vaccine adjuvant candidate that can be used to increase vaccine efficacy, a pressing issue in children and the elderly population.
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MESH Headings
- Adjuvants, Immunologic/administration & dosage
- Adjuvants, Immunologic/genetics
- Animals
- Antibodies, Viral/biosynthesis
- DEAD Box Protein 58
- DEAD-box RNA Helicases/chemistry
- DEAD-box RNA Helicases/genetics
- DEAD-box RNA Helicases/immunology
- Dendritic Cells/immunology
- Dendritic Cells/virology
- Female
- HEK293 Cells
- Hemagglutinins, Viral/chemistry
- Hemagglutinins, Viral/genetics
- Hemagglutinins, Viral/immunology
- Humans
- Immunity, Cellular/drug effects
- Immunity, Humoral/drug effects
- Immunization
- Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype/drug effects
- Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype/immunology
- Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype/pathogenicity
- Influenza Vaccines/administration & dosage
- Influenza Vaccines/genetics
- Influenza Vaccines/immunology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Neuraminidase/chemistry
- Neuraminidase/genetics
- Neuraminidase/immunology
- Oligoribonucleotides/administration & dosage
- Oligoribonucleotides/genetics
- Oligoribonucleotides/immunology
- Orthomyxoviridae Infections/immunology
- Orthomyxoviridae Infections/mortality
- Orthomyxoviridae Infections/prevention & control
- Orthomyxoviridae Infections/virology
- Primary Cell Culture
- Receptors, Immunologic
- Survival Analysis
- Th1-Th2 Balance/drug effects
- Vaccines, Virus-Like Particle/administration & dosage
- Vaccines, Virus-Like Particle/genetics
- Vaccines, Virus-Like Particle/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Beljanski
- Vaccine & Gene Therapy Institute of Florida, Port St. Lucie, Florida, USA
| | - Cindy Chiang
- Vaccine & Gene Therapy Institute of Florida, Port St. Lucie, Florida, USA
| | - Greg A Kirchenbaum
- Vaccine & Gene Therapy Institute of Florida, Port St. Lucie, Florida, USA
| | - David Olagnier
- Vaccine & Gene Therapy Institute of Florida, Port St. Lucie, Florida, USA
| | - Chalise E Bloom
- Vaccine & Gene Therapy Institute of Florida, Port St. Lucie, Florida, USA
| | - Terianne Wong
- Vaccine & Gene Therapy Institute of Florida, Port St. Lucie, Florida, USA
| | - Elias K Haddad
- Vaccine & Gene Therapy Institute of Florida, Port St. Lucie, Florida, USA
| | - Lydie Trautmann
- Vaccine & Gene Therapy Institute of Florida, Port St. Lucie, Florida, USA
| | - Ted M Ross
- Vaccine & Gene Therapy Institute of Florida, Port St. Lucie, Florida, USA
| | - John Hiscott
- Vaccine & Gene Therapy Institute of Florida, Port St. Lucie, Florida, USA
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45
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Incorporation of conserved nucleoprotein into influenza virus-like particles could provoke a broad protective immune response in BALB/c mice and chickens. Virus Res 2015; 195:35-42. [PMID: 25312452 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2014.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2014] [Revised: 08/05/2014] [Accepted: 09/30/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
We engineered influenza A/goose/GD/1996 (H5N1) (clade 0) virus-like particles (VLPs) by coinfecting Sf9 cells with triple/quadruple recombinant baculovirus that expressed hemagglutinin (HA), neuraminidase (NA), and matrix 1 (M1) with or without nucleoprotein (NP). VLP3 (HA, NA, and M1) and VLP4 (HA, NA, M1, and NP) vaccines (containing 1 μg HA) with oil emulsion were administered to mice and chickens by intramuscular injection, and the immune responses were analyzed. The VLP-vaccinated mice demonstrated high antigen specific antibody titers and effective cellular immune responses. The mice and chickens vaccinated with VLP4 demonstrated more robust humoral and cellular immune responses than those vaccinated with VLP3. The VLP4 vaccine afforded 100% protection against a heterologous lethal influenza virus challenge (clade 2.3.4) whereas the VLP3 vaccine conferred 50% protection in chickens. These results implied that the incorporation of conserved NP protein into the VLPs could elicit a broad protective immune response in BALB/c mice and chickens. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first report describing the immunological profile of the NP-containing VLPs vaccines in mice and chicken models, and the results demonstrate that the non-infectious, genome less VLPs, particularly those containing NP, represent a promising strategy for the development of a safe and effective vaccine to control pandemic influenza.
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46
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Recombinant H7 hemagglutinin forms subviral particles that protect mice and ferrets from challenge with H7N9 influenza virus. Vaccine 2015. [PMID: 26207590 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2015.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A novel avian-origin influenza A H7N9 virus emerged in China in 2013 and continues to cause sporadic human infections with mortality rates approaching 35%. Currently there are no approved human vaccines for H7N9 virus. Recombinant approaches including hemagglutinin (HA) and virus-like particles (VLPs) have resulted in experimental vaccines with advantageous safety and manufacturing characteristics. While high immunogenicity of VLP vaccines has been attributed to the native conformation of HA arranged in the regular repeated patterns within virus-like structures, there is limited data regarding molecular organization of HA within recombinant HA vaccine preparations. In this study, the full-length recombinant H7 protein (rH7) of A/Anhui/1/2013 (H7N9) virus was expressed in Sf9 cells. We showed that purified full-length rH7 retained functional ability to agglutinate red blood cells and formed oligomeric pleomorphic subviral particles (SVPs) of ∼20nm in diameter composed of approximately 10 HA0 molecules. No significant quantities of free monomeric HA0 were observed in rH7 preparation by size exclusion chromatography. Immunogenicity and protective efficacy of rH7 SVPs was confirmed in the mouse and ferret challenge models suggesting that SVPs can be used for vaccination against H7N9 virus.
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47
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Abstract
Emerflu is an inactivated, split-virion pandemic preparedness vaccine, containing 30 μg of hemagglutinin (HA) and 600 μg of aluminum hydroxide adjuvant. It is administered in two doses, 3 weeks apart. Only moderate immunogenicity was evident from clinical studies with the vaccine in adults, and HA antibody responses were below the criteria established by the EMA and US FDA for licensure. With the exception of Australia, the vaccine remains unlicensed. Further clinical development appears to have been suspended, and newer adjuvants such as MF59 and AS03 have since demonstrated safety and superior immunogenicity with lower HA doses. Emerflu is symbolic of the failure of aluminum salts as an adjuvant for influenza vaccines. Reasons for this failure are unclear, and may reflect problems with the adjuvant-antigen complex or interference in the immune response by heterosubtypic immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barnaby E Young
- Communicable Diseases Centre, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Epidemiology, Communicable Diseases Centre, 144 Moulmein Road, Singapore, Singapore
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48
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Chung KY, Coyle EM, Jani D, King LR, Bhardwaj R, Fries L, Smith G, Glenn G, Golding H, Khurana S. ISCOMATRIX™ adjuvant promotes epitope spreading and antibody affinity maturation of influenza A H7N9 virus like particle vaccine that correlate with virus neutralization in humans. Vaccine 2015; 33:3953-62. [PMID: 26093202 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2015.06.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2015] [Revised: 05/29/2015] [Accepted: 06/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
In a previously reported phase I clinical trial, subjects vaccinated with two doses of an unadjuvanted H7N9 virus like particle (VLP) vaccine responded poorly (15.6% seroconversion rates with 45μg hemagglutinin (HA) dose). In contrast, 80.6% of subjects receiving H7N9 VLP vaccine (5μg HA) with ISCOMATRIX™ adjuvant developed hemagglutination-inhibition (HI) responses. To better understand the role of adjuvant, complete antibody epitope repertoires of post-vaccination sera were investigated using Whole Genome Fragment Phage Display Library (GFPDL). In addition, antibody affinity maturation following vaccination was measured against HA1 and HA2 antigenic domains using real time Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) based kinetic assays. Unadjuvanted H7N9-VLP vaccine generated primarily antibodies targeting the C-terminus of the HA1 domain, predicted to be mostly buried on the native HA spikes, while adjuvanted VLP vaccine generated antibodies against large epitopes in the HA1 spanning the receptor binding domain (RBD). SPR analysis using a functional H7-HA1 domain demonstrated that sera from adjuvanted H7N9-VLP vaccine induced higher total binding antibodies and significantly higher antibody affinity maturation to HA1 compared to sera from unadjuvanted vaccine. Total antibody binding and affinity to the HA1 (but not HA2) domain correlated with HI and neutralization titers. This study demonstrates that ISCOMATRIX™ adjuvanted vaccine promotes higher quality antibody immune response against avian influenza in naïve humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ka Yan Chung
- Division of Viral Products, CBER, FDA, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA
| | | | | | - Lisa R King
- Division of Viral Products, CBER, FDA, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA
| | - Rukmini Bhardwaj
- Division of Viral Products, CBER, FDA, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA
| | | | | | | | - Hana Golding
- Division of Viral Products, CBER, FDA, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA
| | - Surender Khurana
- Division of Viral Products, CBER, FDA, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA.
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49
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siRNAs targeting PB2 and NP genes potentially inhibit replication of Highly Pathogenic H5N1 Avian Influenza Virus. J Biosci 2015; 40:233-40. [DOI: 10.1007/s12038-015-9524-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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50
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Liu YV, Massare MJ, Pearce MB, Sun X, Belser JA, Maines TR, Creager HM, Glenn GM, Pushko P, Smith GE, Tumpey TM. Recombinant virus-like particles elicit protective immunity against avian influenza A(H7N9) virus infection in ferrets. Vaccine 2015; 33:2152-8. [PMID: 25772674 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2015.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2014] [Revised: 01/29/2015] [Accepted: 03/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
In March 2013, diagnosis of the first reported case of human infection with a novel avian-origin influenza A(H7N9) virus occurred in eastern China. Most human cases have resulted in severe respiratory illness and, in some instances, death. Currently there are no licensed vaccines against H7N9 virus, which continues to cause sporadic human infections. Recombinant virus-like particles (VLPs) have been previously shown to be safe and effective vaccines for influenza. In this study, we evaluated the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of a H7N9 VLP vaccine in the ferret challenge model. Purified recombinant H7N9 VLPs morphologically resembled influenza virions and elicited high-titer serum hemagglutination inhibition (HI) and neutralizing antibodies specific for A/Anhui/1/2013 (H7N9) virus. H7N9 VLP-immunized ferrets subsequently challenged with homologous virus displayed reductions in fever, weight loss, and virus shedding compared to these parameters in unimmunized control ferrets. H7N9 VLP was also effective in protecting against lung and tracheal infection. The addition of either ISCOMATRIX or Matrix-M1 adjuvant improved immunogenicity and protection of the VLP vaccine against H7N9 virus. These results provide support for the development of a safe and effective human VLP vaccine with potent adjuvants against avian influenza H7N9 virus with pandemic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye V Liu
- Novavax, Inc., 22 Firstfield, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA
| | | | - Melissa B Pearce
- Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Xiangjie Sun
- Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jessica A Belser
- Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Taronna R Maines
- Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Hannah M Creager
- Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA; Microbiology and Molecular Genetics Graduate Program, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | - Peter Pushko
- Medigen, Inc., 8420 Gas House Pike, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Gale E Smith
- Novavax, Inc., 22 Firstfield, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA
| | - Terrence M Tumpey
- Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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