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Uncovering the complex genetic architecture of human plasma lipidome using machine learning methods. Sci Rep 2023; 13:3078. [PMID: 36813803 PMCID: PMC9947228 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-30168-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetic architecture of plasma lipidome provides insights into regulation of lipid metabolism and related diseases. We applied an unsupervised machine learning method, PGMRA, to discover phenotype-genotype many-to-many relations between genotype and plasma lipidome (phenotype) in order to identify the genetic architecture of plasma lipidome profiled from 1,426 Finnish individuals aged 30-45 years. PGMRA involves biclustering genotype and lipidome data independently followed by their inter-domain integration based on hypergeometric tests of the number of shared individuals. Pathway enrichment analysis was performed on the SNP sets to identify their associated biological processes. We identified 93 statistically significant (hypergeometric p-value < 0.01) lipidome-genotype relations. Genotype biclusters in these 93 relations contained 5977 SNPs across 3164 genes. Twenty nine of the 93 relations contained genotype biclusters with more than 50% unique SNPs and participants, thus representing most distinct subgroups. We identified 30 significantly enriched biological processes among the SNPs involved in 21 of these 29 most distinct genotype-lipidome subgroups through which the identified genetic variants can influence and regulate plasma lipid related metabolism and profiles. This study identified 29 distinct genotype-lipidome subgroups in the studied Finnish population that may have distinct disease trajectories and therefore could be useful in precision medicine research.
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Leandro AC, Michael LF, Almeida M, Kuokkanen M, Huynh K, Giles C, Duong T, Diego VP, Duggirala R, Clarke GD, Blangero J, Meikle PJ, Curran JE. Influence of the Human Lipidome on Epicardial Fat Volume in Mexican American Individuals. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:889985. [PMID: 35734277 PMCID: PMC9207321 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.889985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of mortality worldwide and is the leading cause of death in the US. Lipid dysregulation is a well-known precursor to metabolic diseases, including CVD. There is a growing body of literature that suggests MRI-derived epicardial fat volume, or epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) volume, is linked to the development of coronary artery disease. Interestingly, epicardial fat is also actively involved in lipid and energy homeostasis, with epicardial adipose tissue having a greater capacity for release and uptake of free fatty acids. However, there is a scarcity of knowledge on the influence of plasma lipids on EAT volume. Aim The focus of this study is on the identification of novel lipidomic species associated with CMRI-derived measures of epicardial fat in Mexican American individuals. Methods We performed lipidomic profiling on 200 Mexican American individuals. High-throughput mass spectrometry enabled rapid capture of precise lipidomic profiles, providing measures of 799 unique species from circulating plasma samples. Because of our extended pedigree design, we utilized a standard quantitative genetic linear mixed model analysis to determine whether lipids were correlated with EAT by formally testing for association between each lipid species and the CMRI epicardial fat phenotype. Results After correction for multiple testing using the FDR approach, we identified 135 lipid species showing significant association with epicardial fat. Of those, 131 lipid species were positively correlated with EAT, where increased circulating lipid levels were correlated with increased epicardial fat. Interestingly, the top 10 lipid species associated with an increased epicardial fat volume were from the deoxyceramide (Cer(m)) and triacylglycerol (TG) families. Deoxyceramides are atypical and neurotoxic sphingolipids. Triacylglycerols are an abundant lipid class and comprise the bulk of storage fat in tissues. Pathologically elevated TG and Cer(m) levels are related to CVD risk and, in our study, to EAT volume. Conclusion Our results indicate that specific lipid abnormalities such as enriched saturated triacylglycerols and the presence of toxic ceramides Cer(m) in plasma of our individuals could precede CVD with increased EAT volume.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Cristina Leandro
- Department of Human Genetics and South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine, Brownsville, TX, United States
| | | | - Marcio Almeida
- Department of Human Genetics and South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine, Brownsville, TX, United States
| | - Mikko Kuokkanen
- Department of Human Genetics and South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine, Brownsville, TX, United States
| | - Kevin Huynh
- Metabolomics Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Baker Department of Cardiometabolic Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Corey Giles
- Metabolomics Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Baker Department of Cardiometabolic Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Thy Duong
- Metabolomics Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Vincent P. Diego
- Department of Human Genetics and South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine, Brownsville, TX, United States
| | - Ravindranath Duggirala
- Department of Human Genetics and South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine, Brownsville, TX, United States
| | - Geoffrey D. Clarke
- Department of Radiology and Research Imaging Institute, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - John Blangero
- Department of Human Genetics and South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine, Brownsville, TX, United States
| | - Peter J. Meikle
- Metabolomics Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Baker Department of Cardiometabolic Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Joanne E. Curran
- Department of Human Genetics and South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine, Brownsville, TX, United States
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Miao G, Zhang Y, Huo Z, Zeng W, Zhu J, Umans JG, Wohlgemuth G, Pedrosa D, DeFelice B, Cole SA, Fretts AM, Lee ET, Howard BV, Fiehn O, Zhao J. Longitudinal Plasma Lipidome and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes in a Large Sample of American Indians With Normal Fasting Glucose: The Strong Heart Family Study. Diabetes Care 2021; 44:2664-2672. [PMID: 34702783 PMCID: PMC8669540 DOI: 10.2337/dc21-0451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Comprehensive assessment of alterations in lipid species preceding type 2 diabetes (T2D) is largely unknown. We aimed to identify plasma molecular lipids associated with risk of T2D in American Indians. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Using untargeted liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, we repeatedly measured 3,907 fasting plasma samples from 1,958 participants who attended two examinations (∼5.5 years apart) and were followed up to 16 years in the Strong Heart Family Study. Mixed-effects logistic regression was used to identify lipids associated with risk of T2D, adjusting for traditional risk factors. Repeated measurement analysis was performed to examine the association between change in lipidome and change in continuous measures of T2D, adjusting for baseline lipids. Multiple testing was controlled by false discovery rate at 0.05. RESULTS Higher baseline level of 33 lipid species, including triacylglycerols, diacylglycerols, phosphoethanolamines, and phosphocholines, was significantly associated with increased risk of T2D (odds ratio [OR] per SD increase in log2-transformed baseline lipids 1.50-2.85) at 5-year follow-up. Of these, 21 lipids were also associated with risk of T2D at 16-year follow-up. Aberrant lipid profiles were also observed in prediabetes (OR per SD increase in log2-transformed baseline lipids 1.30-2.19 for risk lipids and 0.70-0.78 for protective lipids). Longitudinal changes in 568 lipids were significantly associated with changes in continuous measures of T2D. Multivariate analysis identified distinct lipidomic signatures differentiating high- from low-risk groups. CONCLUSIONS Lipid dysregulation occurs many years preceding T2D, and novel molecular lipids (both baseline level and longitudinal change over time) are significantly associated with risk of T2D beyond traditional risk factors. Our findings shed light on the mechanisms linking dyslipidemia to T2D and may yield novel therapeutic targets for early intervention tailored to American Indians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanhong Miao
- Department of Epidemiology, Colleges of Public Health and Health Professions and Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
| | - Ying Zhang
- West Coast Metabolomics Center, University of California Davis, Davis, CA
| | - Zhiguang Huo
- Department of Biostatistics, Colleges of Public Health and Health Professions and Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
| | - Wenjie Zeng
- Department of Epidemiology, Colleges of Public Health and Health Professions and Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
| | - Jianhui Zhu
- MedStar Health Research Institute, Hyattsville, MD
| | - Jason G Umans
- MedStar Health Research Institute, Hyattsville, MD
- Georgetown-Howard Universities Center for Clinical and Translational Science, Washington, DC
| | - Gert Wohlgemuth
- West Coast Metabolomics Center, University of California Davis, Davis, CA
| | - Diego Pedrosa
- West Coast Metabolomics Center, University of California Davis, Davis, CA
| | - Brian DeFelice
- West Coast Metabolomics Center, University of California Davis, Davis, CA
| | | | - Amanda M Fretts
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Elisa T Lee
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK
| | | | - Oliver Fiehn
- West Coast Metabolomics Center, University of California Davis, Davis, CA
| | - Jinying Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology, Colleges of Public Health and Health Professions and Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
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Wang Y, Huang Y, Wu P, Ye Y, Sun F, Yang X, Lu Q, Yuan J, Liu Y, Zeng H, Song X, Yan S, Qi X, Yang CX, Lv C, Wu JHY, Liu G, Pan XF, Chen D, Pan A. Plasma lipidomics in early pregnancy and risk of gestational diabetes mellitus: a prospective nested case-control study in Chinese women. Am J Clin Nutr 2021; 114:1763-1773. [PMID: 34477820 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqab242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lipid metabolism plays an important role in the pathogenesis of diabetes. There is little evidence regarding the prospective association of the maternal lipidome with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), especially in Chinese populations. OBJECTIVES We aimed to identify novel lipid species associated with GDM risk in Chinese women, and assess the incremental predictive capacity of the lipids for GDM. METHODS We conducted a nested case-control study using the Tongji-Shuangliu Birth Cohort with 336 GDM cases and 672 controls, 1:2 matched on age and week of gestation. Maternal blood samples were collected at 6-15 wk, and lipidomes were profiled by targeted ultra-HPLC-tandem MS. GDM was diagnosed by oral-glucose-tolerance test at 24-28 wk. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator is a regression analysis method that was used to select novel biomarkers. Multivariable conditional logistic regression was used to estimate the associations. RESULTS Of 366 detected lipids, 10 were selected and found to be significantly associated with GDM independently of confounders: there were positive associations with phosphatidylinositol 40:6, alkylphosphatidylcholine 36:1, phosphatidylethanolamine plasmalogen 38:6, diacylglyceride 18:0/18:1, and alkylphosphatidylethanolamine 40:5 (adjusted ORs per 1 log-SD increment range: 1.34-2.86), whereas there were inverse associations with sphingomyelin 34:1, dihexosyl ceramide 24:0, mono hexosyl ceramide 18:0, dihexosyl ceramide 24:1, and phosphatidylcholine 40:7 (adjusted ORs range: 0.48-0.68). Addition of these novel lipids to the classical GDM prediction model resulted in a significant improvement in the C-statistic (discriminatory power of the model) to 0.801 (95% CI: 0.772, 0.829). For every 1-point increase in the lipid risk score of the 10 lipids, the OR of GDM was 1.66 (95% CI: 1.50, 1.85). Mediation analysis suggested the associations between specific lipid species and GDM were partially explained by glycemic and insulin-related indicators. CONCLUSIONS Specific plasma lipid biomarkers in early pregnancy were associated with GDM in Chinese women, and significantly improved the prediction for GDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wang
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yichao Huang
- School of Environment, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ping Wu
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yi Ye
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Fengjiang Sun
- School of Environment, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xue Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Qi Lu
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jiaying Yuan
- Department of Science and Education, Shuangliu Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shuangliu Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Huayan Zeng
- Nutrition Department, Shuangliu Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xingyue Song
- Department of Emergency, Hainan Clinical Research Center for Acute and Critical Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China.,Key Laboratory of Emergency and Trauma of Ministry of Education, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Shijiao Yan
- Research Unit of Island Emergency Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China.,School of Public Health, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Xiaorong Qi
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, West China Second Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Chun-Xia Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Chuanzhu Lv
- Department of Emergency, Hainan Clinical Research Center for Acute and Critical Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China.,Key Laboratory of Emergency and Trauma of Ministry of Education, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China.,Research Unit of Island Emergency Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Jason H Y Wu
- The George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Gang Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xiong-Fei Pan
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,The George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Da Chen
- School of Environment, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - An Pan
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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Mishra PP, Mishra BH, Lyytikäinen LP, Hilvo M, Juonala M, Kähönen M, Hutri-Kähönen N, Fotiadis DI, Raitakari OT, Laaksonen R, Lehtimäki T. Assessment of plasma ceramides as predictor for subclinical atherosclerosis. ATHEROSCLEROSIS PLUS 2021; 45:25-31. [PMID: 36643994 PMCID: PMC9833256 DOI: 10.1016/j.athplu.2021.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Background and aims Ceramides have been identified as novel biomarkers for cardiovascular disease (CVD) related events and mortality but their role in etiology of subclinical atherosclerosis is unknown. We aimed to assess association between plasma ceramides and carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) and evaluate predictive value of the ceramides for high CIMT over traditional CVD risk factors. Methods Association between plasma ceramides and CIMT in the Young Finns Study participants was analyzed with CIMT as outcome and ceramides along with traditional risk factors as predictors with regression model. Predictive value of the ceramides and related coronary event risk test (CERT) score for high CIMT as surrogate marker of subclinical atherosclerosis was assessed by comparing logistic regression-based prediction models including, i) traditional risk factors and ceramides, ii) traditional risk factors and CERT score, iii) age, sex and ceramides or alternatively CERT score with a reference model including only traditional risk factors. The prediction models were fitted to training data (70% data) and tested on test data (30% data). The predictive models were assessed with area under the receiver operating curve (AUC). The variance of AUC was estimated by repeating the model fitting and testing for 1000 bootstraps of the original data. Results Predictive models with plasma ceramides or alternatively with CERT score in addition to age and sex variables were able to predict high CIMT with AUC 0.726 and 0.720 respectively. However, the ceramides and CERT score did not have statistically significant added predictive value for high CIMT over traditional risk factors. Conclusions The new systemic biomarkers, high-risk plasma ceramides and CERT score, showed promising predictive performance for high CIMT with only age and sex as additional variables. This may help in predicting subclinical atherosclerosis for primary prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pashupati P. Mishra
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland,Finnish Cardiovascular Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland,Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland,Corresponding author. Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, 33520, Finland.
| | - Binisha H. Mishra
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland,Finnish Cardiovascular Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland,Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
| | - Leo-Pekka Lyytikäinen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland,Finnish Cardiovascular Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland,Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
| | | | - Markus Juonala
- Department of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland,Division of Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Mika Kähönen
- Finnish Cardiovascular Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland,Department of Clinical Physiology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere Finland
| | - Nina Hutri-Kähönen
- Department of Paediatrics, Tampere University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Dimitrios I. Fotiadis
- Unit of Medical Technology and Intelligent Information Systems, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece,Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Department of Biomedical Research, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Olli T. Raitakari
- Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland,Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland,Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku Finland
| | - Reijo Laaksonen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland,Finnish Cardiovascular Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland,Zora Biosciences Oy, Espoo, Finland
| | - Terho Lehtimäki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland,Finnish Cardiovascular Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland,Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
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Niu Z, Wu Q, Sun L, Qi Q, Zheng H, Li H, Zeng R, Lin X, Zong G. Circulating Glycerolipids, Fatty Liver Index, and Incidence of Type 2 Diabetes: A Prospective Study Among Chinese. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2021; 106:2010-2020. [PMID: 33711157 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgab165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Few lipidomic studies have specifically investigated the association of circulating glycerolipids and type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk, especially among Asian populations. It remains unknown whether or to what degree fatty liver could explain the associations between glycerolipids and T2D. OBJECTIVE We aimed to assess associations between plasma glycerolipids and incident T2D and to explore a potential role of liver fat accumulation in the associations. METHODS This was a prospective cohort study with 6 years of follow-up. The study population included 1781 Chinese participants aged 50 to 70 years. The main outcome measure was incident T2D. RESULTS At the 6-year resurvey, 463 participants had developed T2D. At the false discovery rate (FDR) of 5%, 43 of 104 glycerolipids were significantly associated with incident T2D risk after multivariate adjustment for conventional risk factors. After further controlling for glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), 9 of the 43 glycerolipids remained significant, including 2 diacylglycerols (DAGs) (16:1/20:4, 18:2/20:5) and 7 triacylglycerols (TAGs) (46:1, 48:0, 48:1, 50:0, 50:1, 50:2, and 52:2), with relative risks (RRs) (95% CIs) ranging from 1.16 (1.05-1.27) to 1.23 (1.11-1.36) per SD increment of glycerolipids. However, additional adjustment for fatty liver index largely attenuated these findings (RR [95% CI] 0.88 [0.81 to 0.95] to 1.10 [1.01 to 1.21]). Mediation analyses suggested that the fatty liver index explained 12% to 28% of the glycerolipids-T2D associations (all P < 0.01). CONCLUSION Higher plasma levels of DAGs and TAGs were associated with increased incident T2D risk in this Chinese population, which might be partially explained by liver fat accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhua Niu
- Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Qingqing Wu
- Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Liang Sun
- Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Qibin Qi
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - He Zheng
- Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Huaixing Li
- Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Rong Zeng
- Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
- Key Laboratory of Systems Health Science of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China
| | - Xu Lin
- Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
- Key Laboratory of Systems Health Science of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China
| | - Geng Zong
- Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
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Shetty SS, Kumari S. Fatty acids and their role in type-2 diabetes (Review). Exp Ther Med 2021; 22:706. [PMID: 34007315 PMCID: PMC8120551 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Age, lifestyle and diet are major risk factors for the onset of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Insulin resistance (IR) and β-cell dysfunction underlie the pathophysiology of T2DM. Diabetic populations are also prone to lipid and lipoprotein abnormalities as an indirect effect of IR on key metabolic enzymes. However, recent studies suggested that lipid changes may not only be a consequence of impaired glucose metabolism but also a causative factor. Fatty acids (FAs) influence translocation of glucose transporters and insulin receptor binding and signalling, in addition to cell membrane fluidity and permeability. It is thus suggested that FAs may have an essential role in the development of IR and T2DM. Specific combinations of FAs within phospholipids and triglycerides were indicated to exhibit the strongest associations with the risk of T2DM. The aim of the present review was to investigate the role of FAs in the pathogenesis of T2DM, as it has yet to be fully elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilpa S Shetty
- Central Research Laboratory, K.S. Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte (Deemed to be University), Deralakatte, Mangalore, Karnataka 575018, India
| | - Suchetha Kumari
- Department of Biochemistry, K.S. Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte (Deemed to be University), Deralakatte, Mangalore, Karnataka 575018, India
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8
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Altered Metabolome of Lipids and Amino Acids Species: A Source of Early Signature Biomarkers of T2DM. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9072257. [PMID: 32708684 PMCID: PMC7409008 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9072257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Revised: 07/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus, a disease of modern civilization, is considered the major mainstay of mortalities around the globe. A great number of biochemical changes have been proposed to occur at metabolic levels between perturbed glucose, amino acid, and lipid metabolism to finally diagnoe diabetes mellitus. This window period, which varies from person to person, provides us with a unique opportunity for early detection, delaying, deferral and even prevention of diabetes. The early detection of hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia is based upon the detection and identification of biomarkers originating from perturbed glucose, amino acid, and lipid metabolism. The emerging “OMICS” technologies, such as metabolomics coupled with statistical and bioinformatics tools, proved to be quite useful to study changes in physiological and biochemical processes at the metabolic level prior to an eventual diagnosis of DM. Approximately 300–400 such metabolites have been reported in the literature and are considered as predicting or risk factor-reporting metabolic biomarkers for this metabolic disorder. Most of these metabolites belong to major classes of lipids, amino acids and glucose. Therefore, this review represents a snapshot of these perturbed plasma/serum/urinary metabolic biomarkers showing a significant correlation with the future onset of diabetes and providing a foundation for novel early diagnosis and monitoring the progress of metabolic syndrome at early symptomatic stages. As most metabolites also find their origin from gut microflora, metabolism and composition of gut microflora also vary between healthy and diabetic persons, so we also summarize the early changes in the gut microbiome which can be used for the early diagnosis of diabetes.
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Agreement between Type 2 Diabetes Risk Scales in a Caucasian Population: A Systematic Review and Report. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9051546. [PMID: 32443837 PMCID: PMC7290893 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9051546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Early detection of people with undiagnosed type 2 diabetes (T2D) is an important public health concern. Several predictive equations for T2D have been proposed but most of them have not been externally validated and their performance could be compromised when clinical data is used. Clinical practice guidelines increasingly incorporate T2D risk prediction models as they support clinical decision making. The aims of this study were to systematically review prediction scores for T2D and to analyze the agreement between these risk scores in a large cross-sectional study of white western European workers. A systematic review of the PubMed, CINAHL, and EMBASE databases and a cross-sectional study in 59,042 Spanish workers was performed. Agreement between scores classifying participants as high risk was evaluated using the kappa statistic. The systematic review of 26 predictive models highlights a great heterogeneity in the risk predictors; there is a poor level of reporting, and most of them have not been externally validated. Regarding the agreement between risk scores, the DETECT-2 risk score scale classified 14.1% of subjects as high-risk, FINDRISC score 20.8%, Cambridge score 19.8%, the AUSDRISK score 26.4%, the EGAD study 30.3%, the Hisayama study 30.9%, the ARIC score 6.3%, and the ITD score 3.1%. The lowest agreement was observed between the ITD and the NUDS study derived score (κ = 0.067). Differences in diabetes incidence, prevalence, and weight of risk factors seem to account for the agreement differences between scores. A better agreement between the multi-ethnic derivate score (DETECT-2) and European derivate scores was observed. Risk models should be designed using more easily identifiable and reproducible health data in clinical practice.
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10
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Mishra BH, Mishra PP, Mononen N, Hilvo M, Sievänen H, Juonala M, Laaksonen M, Hutri-Kähönen N, Viikari J, Kähönen M, Raitakari OT, Laaksonen R, Lehtimäki T. Lipidomic architecture shared by subclinical markers of osteoporosis and atherosclerosis: The Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study. Bone 2020; 131:115160. [PMID: 31759205 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2019.115160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Revised: 11/02/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies have shown that osteoporosis and atherosclerosis are comorbid conditions sharing common risk factors and pathophysiological mechanisms. Understanding these is crucial in order to develop shared methods for risk stratification, prevention, diagnosis and treatment. The aim of this study was to apply a system-level bioinformatics approach to lipidome-wide data in order to pinpoint the lipidomic architecture jointly associated with surrogate markers of these complex comorbid diseases. SUBJECTS AND METHODS The study was based on the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study cohort from the 2007 follow-up (n = 1494, aged 30-45 years, women: 57%). Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was used to analyse the serum lipidome, involving 437 molecular lipid species. The subclinical osteoporotic markers included indices of bone mineral density and content, measured using peripheral quantitative computer tomography from the distal and shaft sites of both the tibia and the radius. The subclinical atherosclerotic markers included carotid and bulbus intima media thickness measured with high-resolution ultrasound. Weighted co-expression network analysis was performed to identify networks of densely interconnected lipid species (i.e. lipid modules) associated with subclinical markers of both osteoporosis and atherosclerosis. The levels of lipid species (lipid profiles) of each of the lipid modules were summarized by the first principal component termed as module eigenlipid. Then, Pearson's correlation (r) was calculated between the module eigenlipids and the markers. Lipid modules that were significantly and jointly correlated with subclinical markers of both osteoporosis and atherosclerosis were considered to be related to the comorbidities. The hypothesis that the eigenlipids and profiles of the constituent lipid species in the modules have joint effects on the markers was tested with multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA). RESULTS Among twelve studied molecular lipid modules, we identified one module with 105 lipid species significantly and jointly associated with both subclinical markers of both osteoporosis (r = 0.24, p-value = 2 × 10-20) and atherosclerosis (r = 0.16, p-value = 2 × 10-10). The majority of the lipid species in this module belonged to the glycerolipid (n = 60), glycerophospholipid (n = 13) and sphingolipid (n = 29) classes. The module was also enriched with ceramides (n = 20), confirming their significance in cardiovascular outcomes and suggesting their joint role in the comorbidities. The top three of the 37 statistically significant (adjusted p-value < 0.05) lipid species jointly associated with subclinical markers of both osteoporosis and atherosclerosis within the module were all triacylglycerols (TAGs) - TAG(18:0/18:0/18:1) with an adjusted p-value of 8.6 × 10-8, TAG(18:0/18:1/18:1) with an adjusted p-value of 3.7 × 10-6, and TAG(16:0/18:0/18:1) with an adjusted p-value of 8.5 × 10-6. CONCLUSION This study identified a novel lipid module associated with both surrogate markers of both subclinical osteoporosis and subclinical atherosclerosis. Alterations in the metabolism of the identified lipid module and, more specifically, the TAG related molecular lipids within the module may provide potential new biomarkers for testing the comorbidities, opening avenues for the emergence of dual-purpose prevention measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binisha H Mishra
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland; Finnish Cardiovascular Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland; Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland.
| | - Pashupati P Mishra
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland; Finnish Cardiovascular Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland; Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
| | - Nina Mononen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland; Finnish Cardiovascular Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland; Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
| | | | | | - Markus Juonala
- Department of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Division of Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland; Research centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | | | - Nina Hutri-Kähönen
- Department of Paediatrics, Tampere University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Jorma Viikari
- Department of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Division of Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Mika Kähönen
- Finnish Cardiovascular Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland; Department of Clinical Physiology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere Finland
| | - Olli T Raitakari
- Research centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland; Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku Finland
| | - Reijo Laaksonen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland; Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland; Zora Biosciences Oy, Espoo, Finland
| | - Terho Lehtimäki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland; Finnish Cardiovascular Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland; Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
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11
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Blackburn NB, Michael LF, Meikle PJ, Peralta JM, Mosior M, McAhren S, Bui HH, Bellinger MA, Giles C, Kumar S, Leandro AC, Almeida M, Weir JM, Mahaney MC, Dyer TD, Almasy L, VandeBerg JL, Williams-Blangero S, Glahn DC, Duggirala R, Kowala M, Blangero J, Curran JE. Rare DEGS1 variant significantly alters de novo ceramide synthesis pathway. J Lipid Res 2019; 60:1630-1639. [PMID: 31227640 PMCID: PMC6718439 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.p094433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Revised: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The de novo ceramide synthesis pathway is essential to human biology and health, but genetic influences remain unexplored. The core function of this pathway is the generation of biologically active ceramide from its precursor, dihydroceramide. Dihydroceramides have diverse, often protective, biological roles; conversely, increased ceramide levels are biomarkers of complex disease. To explore the genetics of the ceramide synthesis pathway, we searched for deleterious nonsynonymous variants in the genomes of 1,020 Mexican Americans from extended pedigrees. We identified a Hispanic ancestry-specific rare functional variant, L175Q, in delta 4-desaturase, sphingolipid 1 (DEGS1), a key enzyme in the pathway that converts dihydroceramide to ceramide. This amino acid change was significantly associated with large increases in plasma dihydroceramides. Indexes of DEGS1 enzymatic activity were dramatically reduced in heterozygotes. CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing of HepG2 cells confirmed that the L175Q variant results in a partial loss of function for the DEGS1 enzyme. Understanding the biological role of DEGS1 variants, such as L175Q, in ceramide synthesis may improve the understanding of metabolic-related disorders and spur ongoing research of drug targets along this pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas B Blackburn
- South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute University of Texas Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine, Brownsville, TX; Department of Human Genetics, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine, Brownsville, TX.
| | - Laura F Michael
- Lilly Research Laboratories,Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Peter J Meikle
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Juan M Peralta
- South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute University of Texas Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine, Brownsville, TX; Department of Human Genetics, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine, Brownsville, TX; Menzies Institute for Medical Research University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
| | - Marian Mosior
- Lilly Research Laboratories,Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Scott McAhren
- Lilly Research Laboratories,Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Hai H Bui
- Lilly Research Laboratories,Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN
| | | | - Corey Giles
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Satish Kumar
- South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute University of Texas Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine, Brownsville, TX; Department of Human Genetics, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine, Brownsville, TX
| | - Ana C Leandro
- South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute University of Texas Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine, Brownsville, TX; Department of Human Genetics, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine, Brownsville, TX
| | - Marcio Almeida
- South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute University of Texas Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine, Brownsville, TX; Department of Human Genetics, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine, Brownsville, TX
| | | | - Michael C Mahaney
- South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute University of Texas Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine, Brownsville, TX; Department of Human Genetics, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine, Brownsville, TX
| | - Thomas D Dyer
- South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute University of Texas Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine, Brownsville, TX; Department of Human Genetics, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine, Brownsville, TX
| | - Laura Almasy
- Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Human Genetics, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
| | - John L VandeBerg
- South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute University of Texas Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine, Brownsville, TX; Department of Human Genetics, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine, Brownsville, TX
| | - Sarah Williams-Blangero
- South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute University of Texas Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine, Brownsville, TX; Department of Human Genetics, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine, Brownsville, TX
| | - David C Glahn
- Department of Psychiatry Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Olin Neuropsychiatry Research Center Institute of Living, Hartford Hospital, Hartford, CT
| | - Ravindranath Duggirala
- South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute University of Texas Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine, Brownsville, TX; Department of Human Genetics, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine, Brownsville, TX
| | - Mark Kowala
- Lilly Research Laboratories,Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN
| | - John Blangero
- South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute University of Texas Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine, Brownsville, TX; Department of Human Genetics, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine, Brownsville, TX
| | - Joanne E Curran
- South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute University of Texas Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine, Brownsville, TX; Department of Human Genetics, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine, Brownsville, TX.
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12
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Overgaard AJ, Weir JM, Jayawardana K, Mortensen HB, Pociot F, Meikle PJ. Plasma lipid species at type 1 diabetes onset predict residual beta-cell function after 6 months. Metabolomics 2018; 14:158. [PMID: 30830451 PMCID: PMC6280838 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-018-1456-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The identification of metabolomic dysregulation appears promising for the prediction of type 1 diabetes and may also reveal metabolic pathways leading to beta-cell destruction. Recent studies indicate that regulation of multiple phospholipids precede the presence of autoantigens in the development of type 1 diabetes. OBJECTIVES We hypothesize that lipid biomarkers in plasma from children with recent onset type 1 diabetes will reflect their remaining beta-cell function and predict future changes in beta-cell function. METHODS We performed targeted lipidomic profiling by electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry to acquire comparative measures of 354 lipid species covering 25 lipid classes and subclasses in plasma samples from 123 patients < 17 years of age followed prospectively at 1, 3, 6 and 12 months after diagnosis. Lipidomic profiles were analysed using liner regression to investigate the relationship between plasma lipids and meal stimulated C-peptide levels at each time point. P-values were corrected for multiple comparisons by the method of Benjamini and Hochberg. RESULTS Linear regression analysis showed that the relative levels of cholesteryl ester, diacylglycerol and triacylglycerol at 1 month were associated to the change in c-peptide levels from 1 to 6 months (corrected p-values of 4.06E-03, 1.72E-02 and 1.72E02, respectively). Medium chain saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids were the major constituents of the di- and triacylglycerol species suggesting a link with increased lipogenesis. CONCLUSION These observations support the hypothesis of lipid disturbances as explanatory factors for residual beta-cell function in children with new onset type 1 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Julie Overgaard
- Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Niels Steensensvej 2, 2820, Gentofte, Denmark.
- Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Research Institute, 75 Commercial Road, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Jacquelyn M Weir
- Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Research Institute, 75 Commercial Road, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Kaushala Jayawardana
- Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Research Institute, 75 Commercial Road, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - Flemming Pociot
- Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Niels Steensensvej 2, 2820, Gentofte, Denmark
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Peter J Meikle
- Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Research Institute, 75 Commercial Road, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
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13
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Dong S, Zhang S, Chen Z, Zhang R, Tian L, Cheng L, Shang F, Sun J. Berberine Could Ameliorate Cardiac Dysfunction via Interfering Myocardial Lipidomic Profiles in the Rat Model of Diabetic Cardiomyopathy. Front Physiol 2018; 9:1042. [PMID: 30131709 PMCID: PMC6090155 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is considered to be a distinct clinical entity independent of concomitant macro- and microvascular disorders, which is initiated partly by disturbances in energy substrates. This study was to observe the dynamic modulations of berberine in DCM rats and explore the changes of lipidomic profiles of myocardial tissue. Methods: Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were fed high-sucrose and high-fat diet (HSHFD) for totally 22 weeks and intraperitoneally (i.p.) injected with 30 mg/kg of streptozotocin (STZ) at the fifth week to induce DCM. Seventy-two hours after STZ injection, the rats were orally given with berberine at 10, 30 mg/kg and metformin at 200 mg/kg, respectively. Dynamic changes of cardiac function, heart mass ratios and blood lipids were observed at f 4, 10, 16, and 22, respectively. Furthermore, lipid metabolites in myocardial tissue at week 16 were profiled by the ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to a quadruple time of flight mass spectrometer (UPLC/Q-TOF/MS) approach. Results: Berberine could protect against cardiac diastolic and systolic dysfunctions, as well as cardiac hypertrophy, and the most effective duration is with 16-week of administration. Meanwhile, 17 potential biomarkers of phosphatidylcholines (PCs), phosphatidylethanolamines (PEs) and sphingolipids (SMs) of DCM induced by HSFD/STZ were identified. The perturbations of lipidomic profiles could be partly reversed with berberine intervention, i.e., PC (16:0/20:4), PC (18:2/0:0), PC (18:0/18:2), PC (18:0/22:5), PC (20:4/0:0), PC (20:4/18:0), PC (20:4/18:1), PC (20:4/20:2), PE (18:2/0:0), and SM (d18:0/16:0). Conclusions: These results indicated a close relationship between PCs, PEs and SMs and cardiac damage mechanisms during development of DCM. The therapeutic effects of berberine on DCM are partly caused by interferences with PCs, PEs, and SMs metabolisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shifen Dong
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Shuofeng Zhang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Zhirong Chen
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Rong Zhang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Linyue Tian
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Long Cheng
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Shang
- Department of Pharmacology, Analysis and Testing Center, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Jianning Sun
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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14
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Sanders FWB, Acharjee A, Walker C, Marney L, Roberts LD, Imamura F, Jenkins B, Case J, Ray S, Virtue S, Vidal-Puig A, Kuh D, Hardy R, Allison M, Forouhi N, Murray AJ, Wareham N, Vacca M, Koulman A, Griffin JL. Hepatic steatosis risk is partly driven by increased de novo lipogenesis following carbohydrate consumption. Genome Biol 2018; 19:79. [PMID: 29925420 PMCID: PMC6009819 DOI: 10.1186/s13059-018-1439-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Diet is a major contributor to metabolic disease risk, but there is controversy as to whether increased incidences of diseases such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease arise from consumption of saturated fats or free sugars. Here, we investigate whether a sub-set of triacylglycerols (TAGs) were associated with hepatic steatosis and whether they arise from de novo lipogenesis (DNL) from the consumption of carbohydrates. Results We conduct direct infusion mass spectrometry of lipids in plasma to study the association between specific TAGs and hepatic steatosis assessed by ultrasound and fatty liver index in volunteers from the UK-based Fenland Study and evaluate clustering of TAGs in the National Survey of Health and Development UK cohort. We find that TAGs containing saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids with 16–18 carbons are specifically associated with hepatic steatosis. These TAGs are additionally associated with higher consumption of carbohydrate and saturated fat, hepatic steatosis, and variations in the gene for protein phosphatase 1, regulatory subunit 3b (PPP1R3B), which in part regulates glycogen synthesis. DNL is measured in hyperphagic ob/ob mice, mice on a western diet (high in fat and free sugar) and in healthy humans using stable isotope techniques following high carbohydrate meals, demonstrating the rate of DNL correlates with increased synthesis of this cluster of TAGs. Furthermore, these TAGs are increased in plasma from patients with biopsy-confirmed steatosis. Conclusion A subset of TAGs is associated with hepatic steatosis, even when correcting for common confounding factors. We suggest that hepatic steatosis risk in western populations is in part driven by increased DNL following carbohydrate rich meals in addition to the consumption of saturated fat. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13059-018-1439-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Animesh Acharjee
- MRC Human Nutrition Research, Fulbourn Road, Cambridge, UK.,Department of Biochemistry and the Cambridge Systems Biology Centre, University of Cambridge, The Sanger Building, 80 Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1GA, UK
| | - Celia Walker
- MRC Human Nutrition Research, Fulbourn Road, Cambridge, UK
| | - Luke Marney
- MRC Human Nutrition Research, Fulbourn Road, Cambridge, UK
| | - Lee D Roberts
- MRC Human Nutrition Research, Fulbourn Road, Cambridge, UK.,Department of Biochemistry and the Cambridge Systems Biology Centre, University of Cambridge, The Sanger Building, 80 Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1GA, UK.,Current address: Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Fumiaki Imamura
- MRC Epidemiology, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Jack Case
- Department of Biochemistry and the Cambridge Systems Biology Centre, University of Cambridge, The Sanger Building, 80 Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1GA, UK
| | - Sumantra Ray
- MRC Human Nutrition Research, Fulbourn Road, Cambridge, UK.,NNEdPro Global Centre for Nutrition and Health, Cambridge, UK
| | - Samuel Virtue
- Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Diana Kuh
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, London, UK
| | - Rebecca Hardy
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, London, UK
| | - Michael Allison
- Liver Unit, Department of Medicine, Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Nita Forouhi
- MRC Epidemiology, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Andrew J Murray
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Nick Wareham
- MRC Epidemiology, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Michele Vacca
- MRC Human Nutrition Research, Fulbourn Road, Cambridge, UK.,Department of Biochemistry and the Cambridge Systems Biology Centre, University of Cambridge, The Sanger Building, 80 Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1GA, UK.,NNEdPro Global Centre for Nutrition and Health, Cambridge, UK.,Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Albert Koulman
- MRC Human Nutrition Research, Fulbourn Road, Cambridge, UK
| | - Julian L Griffin
- MRC Human Nutrition Research, Fulbourn Road, Cambridge, UK. .,Department of Biochemistry and the Cambridge Systems Biology Centre, University of Cambridge, The Sanger Building, 80 Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1GA, UK.
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15
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Jha P, McDevitt MT, Halilbasic E, Williams EG, Quiros PM, Gariani K, Sleiman MB, Gupta R, Ulbrich A, Jochem A, Coon JJ, Trauner M, Pagliarini DJ, Auwerx J. Genetic Regulation of Plasma Lipid Species and Their Association with Metabolic Phenotypes. Cell Syst 2018; 6:709-721.e6. [PMID: 29909275 PMCID: PMC6397773 DOI: 10.1016/j.cels.2018.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Revised: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The genetic regulation and physiological impact of most lipid species are unexplored. Here, we profiled 129 plasma lipid species across 49 strains of the BXD mouse genetic reference population fed either chow or a high-fat diet. By integrating these data with genomics and phenomics datasets, we elucidated genes by environment (diet) interactions that regulate systemic metabolism. We found quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for ~94% of the lipids measured. Several QTLs harbored genes associated with blood lipid levels and abnormal lipid metabolism in human genome-wide association studies. Lipid species from different classes provided signatures of metabolic health, including seven plasma triglyceride species that associated with either healthy or fatty liver. This observation was further validated in an independent mouse model of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and in plasma from NAFLD patients. This work provides a resource to identify plausible genes regulating the measured lipid species and their association with metabolic traits. Jha et al. provide a resource of genetic loci regulating individual plasma lipid species identified by studying a large mouse population and demonstrate the potential of lipid species to reflect metabolic health status of individuals. Several lipid-regulating loci in the mouse population harbor genes associated with abnormal lipid metabolism in human GWAS. The potential of lipid species to reflect health status was validated in dietary and therapeutic models of NAFLD in mice and human NAFLD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Jha
- Laboratory of Integrative and Systems Physiology, École Polytchnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
| | - Molly T McDevitt
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI 53715, USA; Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Emina Halilbasic
- Hans Popper Laboratory of Molecular Hepatology, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Evan G Williams
- Laboratory of Integrative and Systems Physiology, École Polytchnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
| | - Pedro M Quiros
- Laboratory of Integrative and Systems Physiology, École Polytchnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
| | - Karim Gariani
- Laboratory of Integrative and Systems Physiology, École Polytchnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
| | - Maroun B Sleiman
- Laboratory of Integrative and Systems Physiology, École Polytchnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
| | - Rahul Gupta
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI 53715, USA
| | - Arne Ulbrich
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Adam Jochem
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI 53715, USA
| | - Joshua J Coon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA; Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Michael Trauner
- Hans Popper Laboratory of Molecular Hepatology, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - David J Pagliarini
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI 53715, USA; Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA.
| | - Johan Auwerx
- Laboratory of Integrative and Systems Physiology, École Polytchnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland.
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16
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Suvitaival T, Bondia-Pons I, Yetukuri L, Pöhö P, Nolan JJ, Hyötyläinen T, Kuusisto J, Orešič M. Lipidome as a predictive tool in progression to type 2 diabetes in Finnish men. Metabolism 2018; 78:1-12. [PMID: 28941595 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2017.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2016] [Revised: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 08/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a need for early markers to track and predict the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) from the state of normal glucose tolerance through prediabetes. In this study we tested whether the plasma molecular lipidome has biomarker potential to predicting the onset of T2DM. METHODS We applied global lipidomic profiling on plasma samples from well-phenotyped men (107 cases, 216 controls) participating in the longitudinal METSIM study at baseline and at five-year follow-up. To validate the lipid markers, an additional study with a representative sample of adult male population (n=631) was also conducted. A total of 277 plasma lipids were analyzed using the lipidomics platform based on ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled to time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Lipids with the highest predictive power for the development of T2DM were computationally selected, validated and compared to standard risk models without lipids. RESULTS A persistent lipid signature with higher levels of triacylglycerols and diacyl-phospholipids as well as lower levels of alkylacyl phosphatidylcholines was observed in progressors to T2DM. Lysophosphatidylcholine acyl C18:2 (LysoPC(18:2)), phosphatidylcholines PC(32:1), PC(34:2e) and PC(36:1), and triacylglycerol TG(17:1/18:1/18:2) were selected to the full model that included metabolic risk factors and FINDRISC variables. When further adjusting for BMI and age, these lipids had respective odds ratios of 0.32, 2.4, 0.50, 2.2 and 0.31 (all p<0.05) for progression to T2DM. The independently-validated predictive power improved in all pairwise comparisons between the lipid model and the respective standard risk model without the lipids (integrated discrimination improvement IDI>0; p<0.05). Notably, the lipid models remained predictive of the development of T2DM in the fasting plasma glucose-matched subset of the validation study. CONCLUSION This study indicates that a lipid signature characteristic of T2DM is present years before the diagnosis and improves prediction of progression to T2DM. Molecular lipid biomarkers were shown to have predictive power also in a high-risk group, where standard risk factors are not helpful at distinguishing progressors from non-progressors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Laxman Yetukuri
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, FI-00014, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, FI-02044 VTT, Espoo, Finland
| | - Päivi Pöhö
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, FI-02044 VTT, Espoo, Finland; Faculty of Pharmacy, FI-00014, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - John J Nolan
- Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, DK-2820 Gentofte, Denmark
| | - Tuulia Hyötyläinen
- Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, DK-2820 Gentofte, Denmark; Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, FI-20520 Turku, Finland; Department of Chemistry, Örebro University, 702 81 Örebro, Sweden
| | - Johanna Kuusisto
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Matej Orešič
- Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, DK-2820 Gentofte, Denmark; Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, FI-20520 Turku, Finland; School of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, 702 81 Örebro, Sweden
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17
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Turner KM, Keogh JB, Meikle PJ, Clifton PM. Changes in Lipids and Inflammatory Markers after Consuming Diets High in Red Meat or Dairy for Four Weeks. Nutrients 2017; 9:nu9080886. [PMID: 28817063 PMCID: PMC5579679 DOI: 10.3390/nu9080886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Revised: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a body of evidence linking inflammation, altered lipid metabolism, and insulin resistance. Our previous research found that insulin sensitivity decreased after a four-week diet high in dairy compared to a control diet and to one high in red meat. Our aim was to determine whether a relationship exists between changes in insulin sensitivity and inflammatory biomarkers, or with lipid species. Fasting Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha (TNF-α), Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor II (sTNF-RII), C-reactive protein (CRP), and lipids were measured at the end of each diet. TNF-α and the ratio TNF-α/sTNF-RII were not different between diets and TNF-α, sTNF-RII, or the ratio TNF-α/sTNF-RII showed no association with homeostasis model assessment-estimated insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). A number of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and phosphatidylinositol (PI) species differed between dairy and red meat and dairy and control diets, as did many phosphatidylcholine (PC) species and cholesteryl ester (CE) 14:0, CE15:0, lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) 14:0, and LPC15:0. None had a significant relationship (p = 0.001 or better) with log homeostasis model assessment-estimated insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), although LPC14:0 had the strongest relationship (p = 0.004) and may be the main mediator of the effect of dairy on insulin sensitivity. LPC14:0 and the whole LPC class were correlated with CRP. The correlations between dietary change and the minor plasma phospholipids PI32:1 and PE32:1 are novel and may reflect significant changes in membrane composition. Inflammatory markers were not altered by changes in protein source while the correlation of LPC with CRP confirms a relationship between changes in lipid profile and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsty M Turner
- Sansom Institute for Health Research, School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia.
| | - Jennifer B Keogh
- Sansom Institute for Health Research, School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia.
| | - Peter J Meikle
- Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia.
| | - Peter M Clifton
- Sansom Institute for Health Research, School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia.
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18
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Zhong H, Fang C, Fan Y, Lu Y, Wen B, Ren H, Hou G, Yang F, Xie H, Jie Z, Peng Y, Ye Z, Wu J, Zi J, Zhao G, Chen J, Bao X, Hu Y, Gao Y, Zhang J, Yang H, Wang J, Madsen L, Kristiansen K, Ni C, Li J, Liu S. Lipidomic profiling reveals distinct differences in plasma lipid composition in healthy, prediabetic, and type 2 diabetic individuals. Gigascience 2017; 6:1-12. [PMID: 28505362 PMCID: PMC5502363 DOI: 10.1093/gigascience/gix036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Revised: 03/04/2017] [Accepted: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The relationship between dyslipidemia and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) has been extensively reported, but the global lipid profiles, especially in the East Asia population, associated with the development of T2D remain to be characterized. Liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry was applied to detect the global lipidome in the fasting plasma of 293 Chinese individuals, including 114 T2D patients, 81 prediabetic subjects, and 98 individuals with normal glucose tolerance (NGT). Both qualitative and quantitative analyses revealed a gradual change in plasma lipid features with T2D patients exhibiting characteristics close to those of prediabetic individuals, whereas they differed significantly from individuals with NGT. We constructed and validated a random forest classifier with 28 lipidomic features that effectively discriminated T2D from NGT or prediabetes. Most of the selected features significantly correlated with diabetic clinical indices. Hydroxybutyrylcarnitine was positively correlated with fasting plasma glucose, 2-hour postprandial glucose, glycated hemoglobin, and insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR). Lysophosphatidylcholines such as lysophosphatidylcholine (18:0), lysophosphatidylcholine (18:1), and lysophosphatidylcholine (18:2) were all negatively correlated with HOMA-IR. The altered plasma lipidome in Chinese T2D and prediabetic subjects suggests that lipid features may play a role in the pathogenesis of T2D and that such features may provide a basis for evaluating risk and monitoring disease development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanzi Zhong
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China
- China National GeneBank-Shenzhen, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Human Commensal Microorganisms and Health Research, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China
| | - Chao Fang
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China
- China National GeneBank-Shenzhen, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Detection and Intervention of Human Intestinal Microbiome, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China
| | | | - Yan Lu
- Suzhou Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Suzhou 215007, China
| | - Bo Wen
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China
| | - Huahui Ren
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China
- China National GeneBank-Shenzhen, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Detection and Intervention of Human Intestinal Microbiome, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China
| | - Guixue Hou
- Proteomics Division, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China
| | - Fangming Yang
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China
- China National GeneBank-Shenzhen, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China
- BGI Education Center, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hailiang Xie
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China
- China National GeneBank-Shenzhen, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China
| | - Zhuye Jie
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China
- China National GeneBank-Shenzhen, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China
| | - Ye Peng
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China
- China National GeneBank-Shenzhen, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China
- School of Bioscience and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiqiang Ye
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China
- China National GeneBank-Shenzhen, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China
| | - Jiegen Wu
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China
- School of Bioscience and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jin Zi
- Proteomics Division, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China
| | - Guoqing Zhao
- China National GeneBank-Shenzhen, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China
| | - Jiayu Chen
- China National GeneBank-Shenzhen, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China
| | - Xiao Bao
- China National GeneBank-Shenzhen, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China
| | - Yihe Hu
- Suzhou Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Suzhou 215007, China
| | - Yan Gao
- Suzhou Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Suzhou 215007, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Suzhou Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Suzhou 215007, China
| | - Huanming Yang
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China
- China National GeneBank-Shenzhen, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China
- James D. Watson Institute of Genome Sciences, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jian Wang
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China
- China National GeneBank-Shenzhen, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China
- James D. Watson Institute of Genome Sciences, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Lise Madsen
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China
- Laboratory of Genomics and Molecular Biomedicine, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
- National Institute of Nutrition and Seafood Research (NIFES), 5817 Bergen, Norway
| | - Karsten Kristiansen
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China
- China National GeneBank-Shenzhen, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China
- Laboratory of Genomics and Molecular Biomedicine, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Chuanming Ni
- Suzhou Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Suzhou 215007, China
| | - Junhua Li
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China
- China National GeneBank-Shenzhen, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Human Commensal Microorganisms and Health Research, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China
| | - Siqi Liu
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China
- Proteomics Division, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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19
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Blood triacylglycerols: a lipidomic window on diet and disease. Biochem Soc Trans 2016; 44:638-44. [PMID: 27068982 DOI: 10.1042/bst20150235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Although the measurement of triacylglycerols (TAGs) by clinical chemistry has been used in the diagnosis of a range of metabolic diseases, such approaches ignore the different species of TAGs that contribute to the total concentration. With the advent of LC and direct infusion forms of MS it is now possible to profile the individual TAGs in blood plasma or tissue extracts. This mini review surveys the information that is obtainable from the lipidomic profiling of TAGs in following metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes (T2DM), cardiovascular disease (CVD) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, as well as the development of insulin resistance and obesity.
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20
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Kopprasch S, Dheban S, Schuhmann K, Xu A, Schulte KM, Simeonovic CJ, Schwarz PEH, Bornstein SR, Shevchenko A, Graessler J. Detection of Independent Associations of Plasma Lipidomic Parameters with Insulin Sensitivity Indices Using Data Mining Methodology. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0164173. [PMID: 27736893 PMCID: PMC5063331 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0164173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2016] [Accepted: 09/21/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Glucolipotoxicity is a major pathophysiological mechanism in the development of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D). We aimed to detect subtle changes in the circulating lipid profile by shotgun lipidomics analyses and to associate them with four different insulin sensitivity indices. Methods The cross-sectional study comprised 90 men with a broad range of insulin sensitivity including normal glucose tolerance (NGT, n = 33), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT, n = 32) and newly detected T2D (n = 25). Prior to oral glucose challenge plasma was obtained and quantitatively analyzed for 198 lipid molecular species from 13 different lipid classes including triacylglycerls (TAGs), phosphatidylcholine plasmalogen/ether (PC O-s), sphingomyelins (SMs), and lysophosphatidylcholines (LPCs). To identify a lipidomic signature of individual insulin sensitivity we applied three data mining approaches, namely least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO), Support Vector Regression (SVR) and Random Forests (RF) for the following insulin sensitivity indices: homeostasis model of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), glucose insulin sensitivity index (GSI), insulin sensitivity index (ISI), and disposition index (DI). The LASSO procedure offers a high prediction accuracy and and an easier interpretability than SVR and RF. Results After LASSO selection, the plasma lipidome explained 3% (DI) to maximal 53% (HOMA-IR) variability of the sensitivity indexes. Among the lipid species with the highest positive LASSO regression coefficient were TAG 54:2 (HOMA-IR), PC O- 32:0 (GSI), and SM 40:3:1 (ISI). The highest negative regression coefficient was obtained for LPC 22:5 (HOMA-IR), TAG 51:1 (GSI), and TAG 58:6 (ISI). Conclusion Although a substantial part of lipid molecular species showed a significant correlation with insulin sensitivity indices we were able to identify a limited number of lipid metabolites of particular importance based on the LASSO approach. These few selected lipids with the closest connection to sensitivity indices may help to further improve disease risk prediction and disease and therapy monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steffi Kopprasch
- Department of Internal Medicine 3, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Srirangan Dheban
- Institute for Medical Informatics and Biometry, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Kai Schuhmann
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden, Germany
| | - Aimin Xu
- Department of Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Klaus-Martin Schulte
- Department of Endocrine Surgery, King’s College Hospital, NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Charmaine J. Simeonovic
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Peter E. H. Schwarz
- Department of Internal Medicine 3, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Stefan R. Bornstein
- Department of Internal Medicine 3, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Andrej Shevchenko
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden, Germany
| | - Juergen Graessler
- Department of Internal Medicine 3, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
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21
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Yang K, Han X. Lipidomics: Techniques, Applications, and Outcomes Related to Biomedical Sciences. Trends Biochem Sci 2016; 41:954-969. [PMID: 27663237 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibs.2016.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 355] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2016] [Revised: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 08/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Lipidomics is a newly emerged discipline that studies cellular lipids on a large scale based on analytical chemistry principles and technological tools, particularly mass spectrometry. Recently, techniques have greatly advanced and novel applications of lipidomics in the biomedical sciences have emerged. This review provides a timely update on these aspects. After briefly introducing the lipidomics discipline, we compare mass spectrometry-based techniques for analysis of lipids and summarize very recent applications of lipidomics in health and disease. Finally, we discuss the status of the field, future directions, and advantages and limitations of the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kui Yang
- Division of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Xianlin Han
- Center for Metabolic Origins of Disease, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Orlando, Florida 32827, USA; College of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Bingwen Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, China.
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22
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Shi L, Tan G, Zhang K. Relationship of the Serum CRP Level With the Efficacy of Metformin in the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Meta-Analysis. J Clin Lab Anal 2016; 30:13-22. [PMID: 25277876 PMCID: PMC6807049 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.21803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2014] [Accepted: 08/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metformin, an anti-diabetes drug, is always used as a first-line agent for the management of T2DM. This meta-analysis was conducted to investigate whether CRP was sensitive in predicting the efficacy of metformin in the treatment of T2DM. METHODS Potential relevant studies were identified covering the following databases: MEDLINE, Science Citation Index database, the Cochrane Library Database, PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, Current Contents Index, the Chinese Biomedical Database, the Chinese Journal Full-Text Database, and the Weipu Journal Database. Data from eligible studies were extracted and included into the meta-analysis using a random effects model. Statistical analyses were calculated using the version 12.0 STATA software. RESULTS A total of 33 articles including 1,433 subjects were collected for analysis. Pooled SMD of those studies revealed that serum levels of CRP and hs-CRP significantly decreased in patients with T2DM after receiving the metformin treatment. Subgroup analysis by country yielded significant different estimates in the serum levels of CRP between the baseline and after metformin treatment in the China, Israel and India subgroups; but only detected only in the China subgroup considering serum levels of hs-CRP. Follow-up time-stratified analyses indicated that serum levels of CRP were markedly reduced in the metformin-treated group in all subgroups. While differences in serum hs-CRP levels were not observed in two subgroups. CONCLUSION Decreased serum levels of CRP and hs-CRP may contribute to a more sensitive prediction in providing a more accurate efficacy reference in the metformin drug in T2DM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Shi
- Department of PharmacyLiaochengP.R. China
| | | | - Kun Zhang
- Department of PharmacyLiaocheng Third People's HospitalLiaochengP.R. China
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23
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Lappas M, Mundra PA, Wong G, Huynh K, Jinks D, Georgiou HM, Permezel M, Meikle PJ. The prediction of type 2 diabetes in women with previous gestational diabetes mellitus using lipidomics. Diabetologia 2015; 58:1436-42. [PMID: 25893729 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-015-3587-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2014] [Accepted: 03/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS The risk of developing diabetes is greater for women with previous gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). In the general population, plasma lipidomic analysis can identify individuals at risk of developing type 2 diabetes. The aim of this study was to determine whether circulating lipid levels 12 weeks following a GDM pregnancy were associated with an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes. METHODS Plasma lipid profiles containing >300 lipids were measured in 104 normal glucose-tolerant women 12 weeks following an index GDM pregnancy using electrospray-ionisation tandem mass spectrometry. Women were assessed for 10 years for development of overt type 2 diabetes. RESULTS Among the 104 women with previous GDM, 21 (20%) developed diabetes during the median follow-up period of 8.5 years. Three lipid species, the cholesteryl ester species CE 20:4, the alkenylphosphatidylethanolamine species PE(P-36:2) and the phosphatidylserine species PS 38:4, were independently and positively associated with the development of type 2 diabetes. In a clinical model of prediction of type 2 diabetes that included age, BMI, and levels of pregnancy fasting glucose, postnatal fasting glucose, triacylglycerol and total cholesterol, the addition of these three lipid species resulted in an improvement in the net reclassification index of 22.3%. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION The lipid species CE 20:4, PE(P-36:2) and PS 38:4 were significant risk factors for the development of type 2 diabetes in women with a previous history of GDM. This report is the first to use plasma lipidomic analysis to identify individual lipids as potential biomarkers for the prediction of type 2 diabetes in women with a history of GDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martha Lappas
- Obstetrics, Nutrition and Endocrinology Group, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Mercy Hospital for Women, Level 4/163 Studley Road, Heidelberg, 3084, VIC, Australia,
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24
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Eiden M, Koulman A, Hatunic M, West JA, Murfitt S, Osei M, Adams C, Wang X, Chu Y, Marney L, Roberts LD, O'Rahilly S, Semple RK, Savage DB, Griffin JL. Mechanistic insights revealed by lipid profiling in monogenic insulin resistance syndromes. Genome Med 2015; 7:63. [PMID: 26273324 PMCID: PMC4535665 DOI: 10.1186/s13073-015-0179-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2014] [Accepted: 06/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Evidence from several recent metabolomic studies suggests that increased concentrations of triacylglycerols with shorter (14–16 carbon atoms), saturated fatty acids are associated with insulin resistance and the risk of type 2 diabetes. Although causality cannot be inferred from association studies, patients in whom the primary cause of insulin resistance can be genetically defined offer unique opportunities to address this challenge. Methods We compared metabolite profiles in patients with congenital lipodystrophy or loss-of-function insulin resistance (INSR gene) mutations with healthy controls. Results The absence of significant differences in triacylglycerol species in the INSR group suggest that changes previously observed in epidemiological studies are not purely a consequence of insulin resistance. The presence of triacylglycerols with lower carbon numbers and high saturation in patients with lipodystrophy suggests that these metabolite changes may be associated with primary adipose tissue dysfunction. The observed pattern of triacylglycerol species is indicative of increased de novo lipogenesis in the liver. To test this we investigated the distribution of these triacylglycerols in lipoprotein fractions using size exclusion chromatography prior to mass spectrometry. This associated these triacylglycerols with very low-density lipoprotein particles, and hence release of triacylglycerols into the blood from the liver. To test further the hepatic origin of these triacylglycerols we induced de novo lipogenesis in the mouse, comparing ob/ob and wild-type mice on a chow or high fat diet, confirming that de novo lipogenesis induced an increase in relatively shorter, more saturated fatty acids. Conclusions Overall, these studies highlight hepatic de novo lipogenesis in the pathogenesis of metabolic dyslipidaemia in states where energy intake exceeds the capacity of adipose tissue. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13073-015-0179-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Eiden
- MRC Human Nutrition Research, Elsie Widdowson Laboratory, 120 Fulbourn Road, Cambridge, CB1 9NL UK
| | - Albert Koulman
- MRC Human Nutrition Research, Elsie Widdowson Laboratory, 120 Fulbourn Road, Cambridge, CB1 9NL UK
| | - Mensud Hatunic
- Metabolic Research Laboratories, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - James A West
- MRC Human Nutrition Research, Elsie Widdowson Laboratory, 120 Fulbourn Road, Cambridge, CB1 9NL UK ; Department of Biochemistry and the Cambridge Systems Biology Centre, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, UK
| | - Steven Murfitt
- Department of Biochemistry and the Cambridge Systems Biology Centre, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, UK
| | - Michael Osei
- MRC Human Nutrition Research, Elsie Widdowson Laboratory, 120 Fulbourn Road, Cambridge, CB1 9NL UK
| | - Claire Adams
- Metabolic Research Laboratories, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Xinzhu Wang
- MRC Human Nutrition Research, Elsie Widdowson Laboratory, 120 Fulbourn Road, Cambridge, CB1 9NL UK ; Department of Biochemistry and the Cambridge Systems Biology Centre, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, UK
| | - Yajing Chu
- Department of Biochemistry and the Cambridge Systems Biology Centre, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, UK
| | - Luke Marney
- MRC Human Nutrition Research, Elsie Widdowson Laboratory, 120 Fulbourn Road, Cambridge, CB1 9NL UK
| | - Lee D Roberts
- MRC Human Nutrition Research, Elsie Widdowson Laboratory, 120 Fulbourn Road, Cambridge, CB1 9NL UK ; Department of Biochemistry and the Cambridge Systems Biology Centre, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, UK
| | - Stephen O'Rahilly
- Metabolic Research Laboratories, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Robert K Semple
- Metabolic Research Laboratories, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - David B Savage
- Metabolic Research Laboratories, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Julian L Griffin
- MRC Human Nutrition Research, Elsie Widdowson Laboratory, 120 Fulbourn Road, Cambridge, CB1 9NL UK ; Department of Biochemistry and the Cambridge Systems Biology Centre, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, UK
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Lankinen MA, Hanhineva K, Kolehmainen M, Lehtonen M, Auriola S, Mykkänen H, Poutanen K, Schwab U, Uusitupa M. CMPF does not associate with impaired glucose metabolism in individuals with features of metabolic syndrome. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0124379. [PMID: 25874636 PMCID: PMC4398480 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0124379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2014] [Accepted: 02/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective 3-carboxy-4-methyl-5-propyl-2-furanpropanoic acid (CMPF) is a metabolite produced endogenously from dietary sources of furan fatty acids. The richest source of furan fatty acids in human diet is fish. CMPF was recently shown to be elevated in fasting plasma in individuals with gestational diabetes and type 2 diabetes, and mechanistically high level of CMPF was linked to β cell dysfunction. Here we aimed to study the association between plasma CMPF level and glucose metabolism in persons with impaired glucose metabolism. Methods Plasma CMPF concentration was measured from plasma samples of the study participants in an earlier controlled dietary intervention. All of them had impaired glucose metabolism and two other characteristics of the metabolic syndrome. Altogether 106 men and women were randomized into three groups for 12 weeks with different fish consumption (either three fatty fish meals per week, habitual fish consumption or maximum of one fish meal per week). Associations between concentration of CMPF and various glucose metabolism parameters at an oral glucose tolerance test at baseline and at the end of the study were studied. Results Fasting plasma CMPF concentration was significantly increased after a 12-week consumption of fatty fish three times per week, but the concentration remained much lower compared to concentrations reported in diabetic patients. Increases of plasma CMPF concentrations mostly due to increased fish consumption were not associated with impaired glucose metabolism in this study. Instead, elevated plasma CMPF concentration was associated with decreased 2-hour insulin concentration in OGTT. Conclusions Moderately elevated concentration of CMPF in plasma resulting from increased intake of fish is not harmful to glucose metabolism. Further studies are needed to fully explore the role of CMPF in the pathogenesis of impaired glucose metabolism. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00573781
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria A. Lankinen
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- * E-mail:
| | - Kati Hanhineva
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Marjukka Kolehmainen
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Marko Lehtonen
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Seppo Auriola
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Hannu Mykkänen
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Kaisa Poutanen
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Ursula Schwab
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Matti Uusitupa
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
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Lankinen M, Schwab U, Kolehmainen M, Paananen J, Nygren H, Seppänen-Laakso T, Poutanen K, Hyötyläinen T, Risérus U, Savolainen MJ, Hukkanen J, Brader L, Marklund M, Rosqvist F, Hermansen K, Cloetens L, Önning G, Thorsdottir I, Gunnarsdottir I, Åkesson B, Dragsted LO, Uusitupa M, Orešič M. A Healthy Nordic Diet Alters the Plasma Lipidomic Profile in Adults with Features of Metabolic Syndrome in a Multicenter Randomized Dietary Intervention. J Nutr 2015; 146:662-672. [PMID: 26962194 DOI: 10.3945/jn.115.220459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Revised: 08/27/2015] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A healthy Nordic diet is associated with improvements in cardiometabolic risk factors, but the effect on lipidomic profile is not known. OBJECTIVE The aim was to investigate how a healthy Nordic diet affects the fasting plasma lipidomic profile in subjects with metabolic syndrome. METHODS Men and women (n = 200) with features of metabolic syndrome [mean age: 55 y; body mass index (in kg/m2): 31.6] were randomly assigned to either a healthy Nordic (n = 104) or a control (n = 96) diet for 18 or 24 wk at 6 centers. Of the participants, 156 completed the study with plasma lipidomic measurements. The healthy Nordic diet consisted of whole grains, fruits, vegetables, berries, vegetable oils and margarines, fish, low-fat milk products, and low-fat meat. An average Nordic diet served as the control diet and included low-fiber cereal products, dairy fat-based spreads, regular-fat milk products, and a limited amount of fruits, vegetables, and berries. Lipidomic profiles were measured at baseline, week 12, and the end of the intervention (18 or 24 wk) by using ultraperformance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry. The effects of the diets on the lipid variables were analyzed with linear mixed-effects models. Data from centers with 18- or 24-wk duration were also analyzed separately. RESULTS Changes in 21 plasma lipids differed significantly between the groups at week 12 (false discovery rate P < 0.05), including increases in plasmalogens and decreases in ceramides in the healthy Nordic diet group compared with the control group. At the end of the study, changes in lipidomic profiles did not differ between the groups. However, when the intervention lasted 24 wk, changes in 8 plasma lipids that had been identified at 12 wk, including plasmalogens, were sustained. There were no differences in changes in plasma lipids between groups with an intervention of 18 wk. By the dietary biomarker score, adherence to diet did not explain the difference in the results related to the duration of the study. CONCLUSIONS A healthy Nordic diet transiently modified the plasma lipidomic profile, specifically by increasing the concentrations of antioxidative plasmalogens and decreasing insulin resistance-inducing ceramides. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00992641.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Lankinen
- Institutes of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Ursula Schwab
- Institutes of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Marjukka Kolehmainen
- Institutes of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jussi Paananen
- Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Heli Nygren
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Espoo, Finland
| | | | - Kaisa Poutanen
- Institutes of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Espoo, Finland
| | - Tuulia Hyötyläinen
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Espoo, Finland.,Steno Diabetes Center, Gentofte, Denmark
| | - Ulf Risérus
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Markku J Savolainen
- Research Center for Internal Medicine and Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Department of Internal Medicine, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.,Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Janne Hukkanen
- Research Center for Internal Medicine and Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Department of Internal Medicine, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.,Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Lea Brader
- Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Matti Marklund
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Fredrik Rosqvist
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Kjeld Hermansen
- Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Lieselotte Cloetens
- Biomedical Nutrition, Pure and Applied Biochemistry, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Gunilla Önning
- Biomedical Nutrition, Pure and Applied Biochemistry, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Inga Thorsdottir
- Unit for Nutrition Research, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland and Landspitali - University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Ingibjorg Gunnarsdottir
- Unit for Nutrition Research, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland and Landspitali - University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Björn Åkesson
- Biomedical Nutrition, Pure and Applied Biochemistry, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Nutrition, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Lars Ove Dragsted
- Faculty of Science, Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Matti Uusitupa
- Institutes of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Research Unit, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Matej Orešič
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Espoo, Finland.,Steno Diabetes Center, Gentofte, Denmark
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Pretorius E, Bester J, Vermeulen N, Alummoottil S, Soma P, Buys AV, Kell DB. Poorly controlled type 2 diabetes is accompanied by significant morphological and ultrastructural changes in both erythrocytes and in thrombin-generated fibrin: implications for diagnostics. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2015; 14:30. [PMID: 25848817 PMCID: PMC4364097 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-015-0192-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2015] [Accepted: 02/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
We have noted in previous work, in a variety of inflammatory diseases, where iron dysregulation occurs, a strong tendency for erythrocytes to lose their normal discoid shape and to adopt a skewed morphology (as judged by their axial ratios in the light microscope and by their ultrastructure in the SEM). Similarly, the polymerization of fibrinogen, as induced in vitro by added thrombin, leads not to the common ‘spaghetti-like’ structures but to dense matted deposits. Type 2 diabetes is a known inflammatory disease. In the present work, we found that the axial ratio of the erythrocytes of poorly controlled (as suggested by increased HbA1c levels) type 2 diabetics was significantly increased, and that their fibrin morphologies were again highly aberrant. As judged by scanning electron microscopy and in the atomic force microscope, these could be reversed, to some degree, by the addition of the iron chelators deferoxamine (DFO) or deferasirox (DFX). As well as their demonstrated diagnostic significance, these morphological indicators may have prognostic value.
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Heimerl S, Fischer M, Baessler A, Liebisch G, Sigruener A, Wallner S, Schmitz G. Alterations of plasma lysophosphatidylcholine species in obesity and weight loss. PLoS One 2014; 9:e111348. [PMID: 25340546 PMCID: PMC4207804 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0111348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2014] [Accepted: 09/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Obesity and related diseases of the metabolic syndrome contribute to the major health problems in industrialized countries. Alterations in the metabolism of lipid classes and lipid species may significantly be involved in these metabolic overload diseases. However, little is known about specific lipid species in this syndrome and existing data are contradictive. Methods In this study, we quantified plasma lipid species by electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MS/MS) in obese subjects before and after 3 month weight loss as well as in a control group. Results The comparison of obese subjects with control subjects before weight loss revealed significantly lower lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) concentrations in obesity. LPC concentrations did not significantly increase during the observed period in the weight loss group. Analysis of LPC species revealed a decrease of most species in obesity and negative correlations with C-reactive protein (CRP) and body mass index (BMI). Correlating BMI ratio before and after weight loss with the ratio of total LPC and individual LPC species revealed significant negative relationships of LPC ratios with BMI ratio. Conclusions Our findings contribute to the contradictive discussion of the role of LPC in obesity and related chronic inflammation strongly supporting pre-existing data in the literature that show a decrease of LPC species in plasma of obese and a potentially anti-inflammatory role in these subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Heimerl
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Centre, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Marcus Fischer
- Clinic for Internal Medicine II, University Medical Centre, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Andrea Baessler
- Clinic for Internal Medicine II, University Medical Centre, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Gerhard Liebisch
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Centre, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Alexander Sigruener
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Centre, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Wallner
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Centre, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Gerd Schmitz
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Centre, Regensburg, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Anderson SG, Dunn WB, Banerjee M, Brown M, Broadhurst DI, Goodacre R, Cooper GJS, Kell DB, Cruickshank JK. Evidence that multiple defects in lipid regulation occur before hyperglycemia during the prodrome of type-2 diabetes. PLoS One 2014; 9:e103217. [PMID: 25184286 PMCID: PMC4153569 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0103217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2014] [Accepted: 06/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Blood-vessel dysfunction arises before overt hyperglycemia in type-2 diabetes (T2DM). We hypothesised that a metabolomic approach might identify metabolites/pathways perturbed in this pre-hyperglycemic phase. To test this hypothesis and for specific metabolite hypothesis generation, serum metabolic profiling was performed in young women at increased, intermediate and low risk of subsequent T2DM. METHODS Participants were stratified by glucose tolerance during a previous index pregnancy into three risk-groups: overt gestational diabetes (GDM; n = 18); those with glucose values in the upper quartile but below GDM levels (UQ group; n = 45); and controls (n = 43, below the median glucose values). Follow-up serum samples were collected at a mean 22 months postnatally. Samples were analysed in a random order using Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography coupled to an electrospray hybrid LTQ-Orbitrap mass spectrometer. Statistical analysis included principal component (PCA) and multivariate methods. FINDINGS Significant between-group differences were observed at follow-up in waist circumference (86, 95%CI (79-91) vs 80 (76-84) cm for GDM vs controls, p<0.05), adiponectin (about 33% lower in GDM group, p = 0.004), fasting glucose, post-prandial glucose and HbA1c, but the latter 3 all remained within the 'normal' range. Substantial differences in metabolite profiles were apparent between the 2 'at-risk' groups and controls, particularly in concentrations of phospholipids (4 metabolites with p ≤ 0.01), acylcarnitines (3 with p ≤ 0.02), short- and long-chain fatty acids (3 with p< = 0.03), and diglycerides (4 with p ≤ 0.05). INTERPRETATION Defects in adipocyte function from excess energy storage as relatively hypoxic visceral and hepatic fat, and impaired mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation may initiate the observed perturbations in lipid metabolism. Together with evidence from the failure of glucose-directed treatments to improve cardiovascular outcomes, these data and those of others indicate that a new, quite different definition of type-2 diabetes is required. This definition would incorporate disturbed lipid metabolism prior to hyperglycemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon G. Anderson
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Core Technology Facility, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Warwick B. Dunn
- Manchester Centre for Integrative Systems Biology, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Centre for Advanced Discovery & Experimental Therapeutics (CADET), Central Manchester NHS Foundation Trust and School of Biomedicine, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Moulinath Banerjee
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Core Technology Facility, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Marie Brown
- Manchester Centre for Integrative Systems Biology, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - David I. Broadhurst
- Manchester Centre for Integrative Systems Biology, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, 4126A Katz Group Centre for Pharmacy & Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Royston Goodacre
- Manchester Centre for Integrative Systems Biology, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Garth J. S. Cooper
- Centre for Advanced Discovery & Experimental Therapeutics (CADET), Central Manchester NHS Foundation Trust and School of Biomedicine, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, Faculty of Science, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Douglas B. Kell
- Manchester Centre for Integrative Systems Biology, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - J. Kennedy Cruickshank
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Core Technology Facility, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Diabetes & Nutritional Sciences Division, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
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30
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Lipidomics: Potential role in risk prediction and therapeutic monitoring for diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Pharmacol Ther 2014; 143:12-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2014.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2014] [Accepted: 01/27/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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31
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Plasma lipidomic profiling of treated HIV-positive individuals and the implications for cardiovascular risk prediction. PLoS One 2014; 9:e94810. [PMID: 24733512 PMCID: PMC3986244 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0094810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2014] [Accepted: 03/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The increased risk of coronary artery disease in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive patients is collectively contributed to by the human immunodeficiency virus and antiretroviral-associated dyslipidaemia. In this study, we investigate the characterisation of the plasma lipid profiles of treated HIV patients and the relationship of 316 plasma lipid species across multiple lipid classes with the risk of future cardiovascular events in HIV-positive patients. METHODS In a retrospective case-control study, we analysed plasma lipid profiles of 113 subjects. Cases (n = 23) were HIV-positive individuals with a stored blood sample available 12 months prior to their diagnosis of coronary artery disease (CAD). They were age and sex matched to HIV-positive individuals without a diagnosis of CAD (n = 45) and with healthy HIV-negative volunteers (n = 45). RESULTS Association of plasma lipid species and classes with HIV infection and cardiovascular risk in HIV were determined. In multiple logistic regression, we identified 83 lipids species and 7 lipid classes significantly associated with HIV infection and a further identified 74 lipid species and 8 lipid classes significantly associated with future cardiovascular events in HIV-positive subjects. Risk prediction models incorporating lipid species attained an area under the receiver operator characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.78 (0.775, 0.785)) and outperformed all other tested markers and risk scores in the identification of HIV-positive subjects with increased risk of cardiovascular events. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that HIV-positive patients have significant differences in their plasma lipid profiles compared with healthy HIV-negative controls and that numerous lipid species were significantly associated with elevated cardiovascular risk. This suggests a potential novel application for plasma lipids in cardiovascular risk screening of HIV-positive patients.
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