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Kotańska M, Wojtaszek K, Kubacka M, Bednarski M, Nicosia N, Wojnicki M. The Influence of Caramel Carbon Quantum Dots and Caramel on Platelet Aggregation, Protein Glycation and Lipid Peroxidation. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 13:13. [PMID: 38275633 PMCID: PMC10812612 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13010013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Caramel, defined as a coloring agent and as an antioxidant, is used in several kinds of food products and is consumed by many people in different amounts. In our research we showed that the caramelization of sucrose under special conditions leads to the formation of carbon quantum dots (CQDs). So, it makes sense that humans also consume this type of CQDs, and it is theoretically possible for these particles to affect the body. Despite an increasing number of studies describing different types of CQDs, their biosafety is still not clearly understood. In our in vitro research, we examined the effects on platelet aggregation, protein glycation and lipid peroxidation of CQDs and caramel formed from a 20% sucrose solution. In vitro aggregation tests were conducted using freshly collected whole rat blood in a multiplate platelet function analyzer and measurer of electric impedance. The cytotoxic effect of the tested solutions on blood platelets was evaluated based on the release of lactate dehydrogenase. The formation of glycated bovine serum albumin was measured as fluorescence intensity and fructosamine level. The reducing power of the solutions was determined in adipose tissue, and their effect on lipid peroxidation in adipose tissue in vitro was also assessed. By measuring the intensity of hemolysis after incubation in solutions with red blood cell, we assessed their influence on the integration of the red blood cell membrane. All tests were performed in comparison with glucose and fructose and other frequently used sweeteners, such as erythritol and xylitol. Our study showed that caramel and CQDs formed from caramel may influence the glycation process and integrity of the red blood cell membrane, but unlike glucose and fructose, they decrease lipid peroxidation and may reduce Fe (III). Additionally, it is unlikely that they affect platelet aggregation. Compared to glucose and fructose, they may be safer for patients with metabolic disorders; however, further research is needed on the safety and biological activity of caramel and CQD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Kotańska
- Department of Pharmacological Screening, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 9 Medyczna St., 30-688 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Konrad Wojtaszek
- Faculty of Non-Ferrous Metals, AGH University of Krakow, Mickiewicza Ave., 30-059 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Monika Kubacka
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 9 Medyczna St., 30-688 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Marek Bednarski
- Department of Pharmacological Screening, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 9 Medyczna St., 30-688 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Noemi Nicosia
- PhD Program in Neuroscience, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - Marek Wojnicki
- Faculty of Non-Ferrous Metals, AGH University of Krakow, Mickiewicza Ave., 30-059 Krakow, Poland;
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Turones LC, Machado LS, Vaz BG, de Almeida R Oliveira G, da Silva Moreira LK, Almeida DDS, Martins AN, Fajemiroye JO, Martins JLR, Ghedini PC, Campos HM, Dos Santos FCA, da Silva CRB, Lião LM, Gil EDS, Costa EA, Menegatti R. Anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive effects, and safety toxicological profile of a new paracetamol analog, LQFM291. Inflammopharmacology 2023; 31:2451-2465. [PMID: 37667090 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-023-01324-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
In the scope of a research program with the goal of developing treatments for inflammatory diseases, the pharmacological evaluation of LQFM291, designed by molecular hybridization from butylated hydroxytoluene and paracetamol, was described. The antioxidant profile of LQFM291 was evaluated by electrochemical measurement. Also, acute or repeated treatments with equimolar doses to paracetamol were used to evaluate the antinociceptive and/or anti-inflammatory activities of LQFM291 in animal models. The toxicologic potential of LQFM291 was also evaluated and compared to paracetamol through biochemical and histopathological analysis after the repeated treatment schedule. As a result of the acute treatment, paracetamol showed a similar antinociceptive effect in formalin test compared to LQFM291. Whereas, after the repeated treatment, when carrageenan-induced hyperalgesia and edema tests were performed, paracetamol showed a delayed antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effect compared to LQFM291. Furthermore, as other advantages the LQFM291 showed a high redox capacity, a gastroprotective activity and a safety pharmacological profile without any liver or kidney damage. These effects can be related to the prevention of oxidative stress by reduction of protein and lipid peroxidation in gastric tissue, maintenance of glutathione levels in hepatic homogenate, and a systemic reduction of pro-inflammatory cytokine levels, which may characterize the LQFM291 as a more viable and effective alternative to relief pain and inflammatory signs in patients with chronic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Córdova Turones
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Natural and Synthetic Products, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Room 209, Esperança Avenue, Campus Samambaia, Goiania, 74690-900, Brazil.
| | - Lucas S Machado
- Laboratory of Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry, Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Goiás, Campus Colemar Natal e Silva, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Boniek G Vaz
- Laboratory of Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry, Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Goiás, Campus Colemar Natal e Silva, Goiânia, Brazil
| | | | - Lorrane Kelle da Silva Moreira
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Natural and Synthetic Products, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Room 209, Esperança Avenue, Campus Samambaia, Goiania, 74690-900, Brazil
| | - Dionys de Souza Almeida
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Natural and Synthetic Products, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Room 209, Esperança Avenue, Campus Samambaia, Goiania, 74690-900, Brazil
| | - Aline Nazareth Martins
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Natural and Synthetic Products, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Room 209, Esperança Avenue, Campus Samambaia, Goiania, 74690-900, Brazil
| | - James Oluwagbamigbe Fajemiroye
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Natural and Synthetic Products, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Room 209, Esperança Avenue, Campus Samambaia, Goiania, 74690-900, Brazil
| | - José Luís R Martins
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Natural and Synthetic Products, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Room 209, Esperança Avenue, Campus Samambaia, Goiania, 74690-900, Brazil
| | - Paulo César Ghedini
- Laboratory of Molecular and Biochemical Pharmacology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Campus Samambaia, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Hericles Mesquita Campos
- Laboratory of Molecular and Biochemical Pharmacology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Campus Samambaia, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Cristina A Dos Santos
- Laboratory of Microscopy Applied to Reproduction, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Campus Samambaia, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Cinthia Rio Branco da Silva
- Laboratory of Microscopy Applied to Reproduction, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Campus Samambaia, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Luciano M Lião
- Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Goiás, Campus Samambaia, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Eric de Souza Gil
- Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Goiás, Campus Samambaia, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Elson Alves Costa
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Natural and Synthetic Products, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Room 209, Esperança Avenue, Campus Samambaia, Goiania, 74690-900, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Menegatti
- Laboratory of Medicinal Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
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Cocaine: An Updated Overview on Chemistry, Detection, Biokinetics, and Pharmacotoxicological Aspects including Abuse Pattern. Toxins (Basel) 2022; 14:toxins14040278. [PMID: 35448887 PMCID: PMC9032145 DOI: 10.3390/toxins14040278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Cocaine is one of the most consumed stimulants throughout the world, as official sources report. It is a naturally occurring sympathomimetic tropane alkaloid derived from the leaves of Erythroxylon coca, which has been used by South American locals for millennia. Cocaine can usually be found in two forms, cocaine hydrochloride, a white powder, or ‘crack’ cocaine, the free base. While the first is commonly administered by insufflation (‘snorting’) or intravenously, the second is adapted for inhalation (smoking). Cocaine can exert local anaesthetic action by inhibiting voltage-gated sodium channels, thus halting electrical impulse propagation; cocaine also impacts neurotransmission by hindering monoamine reuptake, particularly dopamine, from the synaptic cleft. The excess of available dopamine for postsynaptic activation mediates the pleasurable effects reported by users and contributes to the addictive potential and toxic effects of the drug. Cocaine is metabolised (mostly hepatically) into two main metabolites, ecgonine methyl ester and benzoylecgonine. Other metabolites include, for example, norcocaine and cocaethylene, both displaying pharmacological action, and the last one constituting a biomarker for co-consumption of cocaine with alcohol. This review provides a brief overview of cocaine’s prevalence and patterns of use, its physical-chemical properties and methods for analysis, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and multi-level toxicity.
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Shi L, Pan R, Lin G, Liang X, Zhao J, Zhang H, Chen W, Wang G. Lactic acid bacteria alleviate liver damage caused by perfluorooctanoic acid exposure via antioxidant capacity, biosorption capacity and gut microbiota regulation. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 222:112515. [PMID: 34293584 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/10/2021] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) is an environmental pollutant that has multiple toxic effects. Although some medicines and functional food ingredients are currently being used to alleviate the biological toxicity effects caused by PFOA, these candidates all show potential side effects and cannot prevent the accumulation of PFOA in the body, making them unable to be used as a daily dietary supplement to relieve the toxic effects of PFOA. However, new research has shown that lactic acid bacteria (LAB) can alleviate toxicity caused by exposure to foreign substances. In this study, multiple strains of LAB with different adsorption capacities or antioxidant capacities were used to analyse their mitigation effects of on liver damage caused by PFOA exposure. The results showed that the adsorption capacity and antioxidant capacity of LAB could alleviate the liver toxicity of PFOA to a certain extent. Moreover, treatment with some strains of LAB was able to recover the gut microbiota dysbiosis caused by PFOA exposure, such as by increasing the relative abundances of Patescibacteria, Proteobacteria, Akkermansia and Alistipes or decreasing the abundances of Bacteroides and Blautia. In addition, a strain with neither outstanding antioxidant capacity nor adsorption capacity also reversed the decline in short-chain fatty acid levels caused by PFOA exposure. The ability of these strains to relieve gut microbiota dysbiosis partly explains the inconsistency between the capacity for antioxidant or PFOA adsorption and the ability of the strains to alleviate PFOA toxicity. The results indicate that the PFOA adsorption capacity and antioxidant capacity of LAB may be involved in the alleviation of PFOA liver toxicity. In addition, LAB could also alleviate liver damage caused by PFOA by adjusting the gut microbiota and short-chain fatty acid content. Therefore, some strains of LAB can be used as a potentially safe dietary supplement to relieve PFOA-induced liver damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuting Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Ruili Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Guopeng Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Xi Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Jianxin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China; International Joint Research Laboratory for Probiotics, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China; (Yangzhou) Institute of Food Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Yangzhou 225004, PR China
| | - Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China; (Yangzhou) Institute of Food Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Yangzhou 225004, PR China; National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China; Wuxi Translational Medicine Research Center and Jiangsu Translational Medicine Research Institute Wuxi Branch, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China; National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Gang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China; International Joint Research Laboratory for Probiotics, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China; (Yangzhou) Institute of Food Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Yangzhou 225004, PR China.
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Evaluation of Cysteine Metabolism in the Rat Liver and Kidney Following Intravenous Cocaine Administration and Abstinence. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10010074. [PMID: 33430073 PMCID: PMC7827093 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10010074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Many toxic effects of cocaine are attributed to reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated during its metabolism. Recently, it has been suggested that the biological action of ROS is often confused with endogenously generated reactive sulfur species (RSS). The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of cocaine on thiols and RSS in the rat liver and kidney in the drug self-administration (SA) paradigm and the cocaine yoked delivery model (YC) followed by drug abstinence with extinction training. The level of thiols as well as RSS formed during anaerobic metabolism of cysteine and sulfate were assayed. In addition, the activity of enzymes involved in RSS formation and glutathione metabolism were determined. In the liver, following direct cocaine administration (SA and YC), the RSS levels decreased, while in the kidneys, cocaine increased the RSS contents in both groups. These changes were maintained in these tissues during drug abstinence. The level of sulfates was changed by cocaine only in the liver. In the kidney, cocaine shifted cysteine metabolism towards an anaerobic pathway. Our study demonstrates for the first time the changes in cysteine metabolism and thiol levels in the liver and kidney of rats after cocaine self-administration and abstinence.
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Moreira LKDS, de Brito AF, da Silva DM, Siqueira L, da Silva DPB, Cardoso CS, Florentino IF, de Carvalho PMG, Ghedini PC, Menegatti R, Costa EA. Potential antidepressant-like effect of piperazine derivative LQFM212 in mice: Role of monoaminergic pathway and brain-derived neurotrophic factor. Behav Brain Res 2020; 401:113066. [PMID: 33333109 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2020.113066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Major depression disorder (MDD) is one of the most widespread and debilitating psychiatric diseases and may be associated with other mental disorders such as anxiety. Despite advances in neurobiology studies, currently no established mechanism can explain all facets of MDD, and available drugs often show therapeutic delay for clinical effectiveness and response rates in patients are around 50 %. Previous activities of piperazine derivatives on CNS are indicators of its therapeutic potential for treating mental disorders. In this regard, we have previously shown that the piperazine derivative 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-((4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazin-1-yl)methyl)phenol (LQFM212) has anxiolytic-like activity which involves serotonergic pathway, nicotinic receptors and BZD-site of GABAA receptor, without cognitive impairments. Herein, was evaluated the potential antidepressant-like effect of LQFM212 on forced swimming test (FST) after a single dose of 54 μmol/kg and after repeated treatment for 15 days in mice. Pretreatment with WAY-100635, PCPA, prazosin, SCH-23390, sulpiride or AMPT reversed the antidepressant-like effect on FST, suggesting that monoaminergic pathway contributes for effects of LQFM212. Furthermore, repeated treatment with LQFM212 increased hippocampal BDNF levels dosed by ELISA kit. In assessment of possible adverse effects, repeated treatment with LQFM212 did not alter the body weight of the animals, glutathione levels in the liver, and serum levels of AST, ALT, urea, and creatinine. Taken together, the results showed that LQFM212 has an antidepressant-like effect that involves monoaminergic pathway and increased BDNF levels. This compound represents promising candidate for prototype of psychoactive drugs for treatment of anxiety and depression disorders since these pathological conditions may exist in comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorrane Kelle da Silva Moreira
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Natural and Synthetic Products, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Campus Samambaia, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Adriane Ferreira de Brito
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Natural and Synthetic Products, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Campus Samambaia, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Dayane Moreira da Silva
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Natural and Synthetic Products, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Campus Samambaia, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Lorrayne Siqueira
- Laboratory of Medicinal Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Daiany Priscilla Bueno da Silva
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Natural and Synthetic Products, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Campus Samambaia, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Carina Sofia Cardoso
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Natural and Synthetic Products, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Campus Samambaia, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Iziara Ferreira Florentino
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Natural and Synthetic Products, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Campus Samambaia, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | | | - Paulo César Ghedini
- Biochemical and Molecular Pharmacology Laboratory, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goias, Campus Samambaia, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Menegatti
- Laboratory of Medicinal Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Elson Alves Costa
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Natural and Synthetic Products, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Campus Samambaia, Goiânia, GO, Brazil.
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Chettimada S, Lorenz DR, Misra V, Wolinsky SM, Gabuzda D. Small RNA sequencing of extracellular vesicles identifies circulating miRNAs related to inflammation and oxidative stress in HIV patients. BMC Immunol 2020; 21:57. [PMID: 33176710 PMCID: PMC7656686 DOI: 10.1186/s12865-020-00386-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nano-sized particles secreted by most cells. EVs carry nucleic acids that hold promise as potential biomarkers in various diseases. Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV) infects CD4+ T cells and induces immune dysfunction, inflammation, and EV secretion, but little is known about EV small RNA cargo in relation to immune dysregulation in HIV-infected individuals. Here, we characterize small RNA carried by circulating EVs in HIV-positive subjects on antiretroviral therapy (ART) relative to uninfected controls by next-generation RNA sequencing. Results Plasma EVs isolated from HIV-positive and HIV-negative subjects in test (n = 24) and validation (n = 16) cohorts were characterized by electron microscopy, nanoparticle tracking analysis, and immunoblotting for exosome markers. EVs were more abundant in plasma from HIV-positive compared to HIV-negative subjects. Small RNA sequencing of plasma EVs in the test cohort identified diverse small RNA species including miRNA, piRNA, snRNA, snoRNA, tRNA, and rRNA, with miRNA being the most abundant. A total of 351 different miRNAs were detected in plasma EVs, with the top 50 miRNAs accounting for 90% of all miRNA reads. miR-26a-5p was the most abundant miRNA, followed by miR-21-5p and miR-148-3p. qRT-PCR analysis showed that six miRNAs (miR-10a-5p, − 21-5p, −27b-3p, − 122-5p, −146a-5p, − 423-5p) were significantly increased in plasma EVs from HIV-positive compared to HIV-negative subjects in the validation cohort. Furthermore, miR-21-5p, −27b-3p, −146a-5p, and − 423-5p correlated positively with metabolite markers of oxidative stress and negatively with anti-inflammatory polyunsaturated fatty acids. Over-representation and pathway enrichment analyses of miRNAs and their target genes predicted functional association with oxidative stress responses, interferon gamma signaling, Toll-like receptor signaling, TGF beta signaling, and Notch signaling. Conclusions HIV-positive individuals on ART have increased abundance of circulating EVs carrying diverse small RNAs, with miRNAs being the most abundant. Several miRNAs associated with inflammation and oxidative stress are increased in circulating EVs of HIV-positive individuals, representing potential biomarkers of targetable pathways that contribute to disease pathogenesis. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12865-020-00386-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukrutha Chettimada
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David R Lorenz
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Vikas Misra
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Steven M Wolinsky
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Dana Gabuzda
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA. .,Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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Alterations in the Antioxidant Enzyme Activities in the Neurodevelopmental Rat Model of Schizophrenia Induced by Glutathione Deficiency during Early Postnatal Life. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9060538. [PMID: 32575563 PMCID: PMC7346228 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9060538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to assess the effects of l-buthionine-(S,R)-sulfoximine (BSO), a glutathione (GSH) synthesis inhibitor, and GBR 12909, a dopamine reuptake inhibitor, administered alone or in combination to Sprague-Dawley rats during early postnatal development (p5-p16), on the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), lipid peroxidation (LP) and the activities of antioxidant enzymes: superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione disulfide reductase (GR) in peripheral tissues (liver, kidney) and selected brain structures (prefrontal cortex, PFC; hippocampus, HIP; and striatum, STR) of 16-day-old rats. The studied parameters were analyzed with reference to the content of GSH and sulfur amino acids, methionine (Met) and cysteine (Cys) described in our previous study. This analysis showed that treatment with a BSO + GBR 12909 combination caused significant decreases in the lipid peroxidation levels in the PFC and HIP, in spite of there being no changes in ROS. The reduction of lipid peroxidation indicates a weakening of the oxidative power of the cells, and a shift in balance in favor of reducing processes. Such changes in cellular redox signaling in the PFC and HIP during early postnatal development may result in functional changes in adulthood.
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Reis CG, Mocelin R, Benvenutti R, Marcon M, Sachett A, Herrmann AP, Elisabetsky E, Piato A. Effects of N-acetylcysteine amide on anxiety and stress behavior in zebrafish. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2019; 393:591-601. [PMID: 31768573 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-019-01762-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Anxiety disorders are highly prevalent and a leading cause of disability worldwide. Their etiology is related to stress, an adaptive response of the organism to restore homeostasis, in which oxidative stress and glutamatergic hyperactivity are involved. N-Acetylcysteine (NAC) is a multitarget approved drug proved to be beneficial in the treatment of various mental disorders. Nevertheless, NAC has low membrane permeability and poor bioavailability and its limited delivery to the brain may explain inconsistencies in the literature. N-Acetylcysteine amide (AD4) is a synthetic derivative of NAC in which the carboxyl group was modified to an amide. The amidation of AD4 improved lipophilicity and blood-brain barrier permeability and enhanced its antioxidant properties. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of AD4 on behavioral and biochemical parameters in zebrafish anxiety models. Neither AD4 nor NAC induced effects on locomotion and anxiety-related parameters in the novel tank test. However, in the light/dark test, AD4 (0.001 mg/L) increased the time spent in the lit side in a concentration 100 times lower than NAC (0.1 mg/L). In the acute restraint stress protocol, NAC and AD4 (0.001 mg/L) showed anxiolytic properties without meaningful effects on oxidative status. The study suggests that AD4 has anxiolytic effects in zebrafish with higher potency than the parent compound. Additional studies are warranted to characterize the anxiolytic profile of AD4 and its potential in the management of anxiety disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos G Reis
- Laboratório de Psicofarmacologia e Comportamento (LAPCOM), Programa de Pós-graduação em Neurociências, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Avenida Sarmento Leite, 500/305, Porto Alegre, RS, 90050-170, Brazil
| | - Ricieri Mocelin
- Laboratório de Psicofarmacologia e Comportamento (LAPCOM), Programa de Pós-graduação em Neurociências, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Avenida Sarmento Leite, 500/305, Porto Alegre, RS, 90050-170, Brazil
| | - Radharani Benvenutti
- Laboratório de Psicofarmacologia e Comportamento (LAPCOM), Programa de Pós-graduação em Neurociências, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Avenida Sarmento Leite, 500/305, Porto Alegre, RS, 90050-170, Brazil
| | - Matheus Marcon
- Laboratório de Psicofarmacologia e Comportamento (LAPCOM), Programa de Pós-graduação em Neurociências, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Avenida Sarmento Leite, 500/305, Porto Alegre, RS, 90050-170, Brazil
| | - Adrieli Sachett
- Laboratório de Psicofarmacologia e Comportamento (LAPCOM), Programa de Pós-graduação em Neurociências, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Avenida Sarmento Leite, 500/305, Porto Alegre, RS, 90050-170, Brazil
| | - Ana P Herrmann
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Farmacologia e Terapêutica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Elaine Elisabetsky
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciência Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Angelo Piato
- Laboratório de Psicofarmacologia e Comportamento (LAPCOM), Programa de Pós-graduação em Neurociências, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Avenida Sarmento Leite, 500/305, Porto Alegre, RS, 90050-170, Brazil. .,Programa de Pós-graduação em Farmacologia e Terapêutica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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Kaufman MJ, Kanayama G, Hudson JI, Pope HG. Supraphysiologic-dose anabolic-androgenic steroid use: A risk factor for dementia? Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2019; 100:180-207. [PMID: 30817935 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Supraphysiologic-dose anabolic-androgenic steroid (AAS) use is associated with physiologic, cognitive, and brain abnormalities similar to those found in people at risk for developing Alzheimer's Disease and its related dementias (AD/ADRD), which are associated with high brain β-amyloid (Aβ) and hyperphosphorylated tau (tau-P) protein levels. Supraphysiologic-dose AAS induces androgen abnormalities and excess oxidative stress, which have been linked to increased and decreased expression or activity of proteins that synthesize and eliminate, respectively, Aβ and tau-P. Aβ and tau-P accumulation may begin soon after initiating supraphysiologic-dose AAS use, which typically occurs in the early 20s, and their accumulation may be accelerated by other psychoactive substance use, which is common among non-medical AAS users. Accordingly, the widespread use of supraphysiologic-dose AAS may increase the numbers of people who develop dementia. Early diagnosis and correction of sex-steroid level abnormalities and excess oxidative stress could attenuate risk for developing AD/ADRD in supraphysiologic-dose AAS users, in people with other substance use disorders, and in people with low sex-steroid levels or excess oxidative stress associated with aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc J Kaufman
- McLean Imaging Center, McLean Hospital, 115 Mill St., Belmont, MA 02478, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Gen Kanayama
- Biological Psychiatry Laboratory, McLean Hospital, 115 Mill St., Belmont, MA 02478, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - James I Hudson
- Biological Psychiatry Laboratory, McLean Hospital, 115 Mill St., Belmont, MA 02478, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Harrison G Pope
- Biological Psychiatry Laboratory, McLean Hospital, 115 Mill St., Belmont, MA 02478, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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11
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Oliveira NG, Dinis-Oliveira RJ. Drugs of abuse from a different toxicological perspective: an updated review of cocaine genotoxicity. Arch Toxicol 2018; 92:2987-3006. [DOI: 10.1007/s00204-018-2281-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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12
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da Silva DPB, Florentino IF, da Silva DM, Lino RC, Cardoso CS, Moreira LKS, Vasconcelos GA, Vinhal DC, Cardoso ACD, Villavicencio B, Verli H, Vaz BG, Lião LM, da Cunha LC, Menegatti R, Costa EA. Molecular docking and pharmacological/toxicological assessment of a new compound designed from celecoxib and paracetamol by molecular hybridization. Inflammopharmacology 2018; 26:1189-1206. [PMID: 30039481 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-018-0516-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are commonly used worldwide; however, they have several adverse effects, evidencing the need for the development of new, more effective and safe anti-inflammatory and analgesic drugs. This research aimed to design, synthesize and carry out a pharmacological/toxicological investigation of LQFM-102, which was designed from celecoxib and paracetamol by molecular hybridization. To evaluate the analgesic effect of this compound, we performed formalin-induced pain, hot plate and tail flick tests. The anti-inflammatory effect of LQFM-102 was evaluated in carrageenan-induced paw oedema and pleurisy tests. The biochemical markers indicative of toxicity-AST, ALT, GSH, urea and creatinine-as well as the index of gastric lesion after prolonged administration of LQFM-102 were also analyzed. In addition, the interaction of LQFM-102 with COX enzymes was evaluated by molecular docking. In all experimental protocols, celecoxib or paracetamol was used as a positive control at equimolar doses to LQFM-102. LQFM-102 reduced the pain induced by formalin in both phases of the test. However, this compound did not increase the latency to thermal stimuli in the hot plate and tail flick tests, suggesting an involvement of peripheral mechanisms in this effect. Furthermore, LQFM-102 reduced paw oedema, the number of polymorphonuclear cells, myeloperoxidase activity and TNF-α and IL-1β levels. Another interesting finding was the absence of alterations in the markers of hepatic and renal toxicity or lesions of gastric mucosa. In molecular docking simulations, LQFM-102 interacted with the key residues for activity and potency of cyclooxygenase enzymes, suggesting an inhibition of the activity of these enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiany P B da Silva
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Natural and Synthetic Products, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Campus Samambaia - ICB 2 - Sala 216, CP 131, Goiânia, GO, CEP 74001-970, Brazil
| | - Iziara F Florentino
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Natural and Synthetic Products, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Campus Samambaia - ICB 2 - Sala 216, CP 131, Goiânia, GO, CEP 74001-970, Brazil
| | - Dayane M da Silva
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Natural and Synthetic Products, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Campus Samambaia - ICB 2 - Sala 216, CP 131, Goiânia, GO, CEP 74001-970, Brazil
| | - Roberta C Lino
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Natural and Synthetic Products, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Campus Samambaia - ICB 2 - Sala 216, CP 131, Goiânia, GO, CEP 74001-970, Brazil
| | - Carina S Cardoso
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Natural and Synthetic Products, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Campus Samambaia - ICB 2 - Sala 216, CP 131, Goiânia, GO, CEP 74001-970, Brazil
| | - Lorrane K S Moreira
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Natural and Synthetic Products, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Campus Samambaia - ICB 2 - Sala 216, CP 131, Goiânia, GO, CEP 74001-970, Brazil
| | - Géssica A Vasconcelos
- Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Goiás, Campus Samambaia, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Daniela C Vinhal
- Nucleus of Studies and Research Toxicopharmacological, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Anna C D Cardoso
- Laboratory of Medicinal Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Goiás, Campus Samambaia, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Bianca Villavicencio
- Center of Biotechnology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Hugo Verli
- Center of Biotechnology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Boniek G Vaz
- Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Goiás, Campus Samambaia, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Luciano M Lião
- Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Goiás, Campus Samambaia, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Luiz C da Cunha
- Nucleus of Studies and Research Toxicopharmacological, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Menegatti
- Laboratory of Medicinal Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Goiás, Campus Samambaia, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Elson A Costa
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Natural and Synthetic Products, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Campus Samambaia - ICB 2 - Sala 216, CP 131, Goiânia, GO, CEP 74001-970, Brazil.
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13
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Mocelin R, Marcon M, D’ambros S, Mattos J, Sachett A, Siebel AM, Herrmann AP, Piato A. N-Acetylcysteine Reverses Anxiety and Oxidative Damage Induced by Unpredictable Chronic Stress in Zebrafish. Mol Neurobiol 2018; 56:1188-1195. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-018-1165-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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14
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Exosome markers associated with immune activation and oxidative stress in HIV patients on antiretroviral therapy. Sci Rep 2018; 8:7227. [PMID: 29740045 PMCID: PMC5940833 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-25515-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are nanovesicles released from most cell types including immune cells. Prior studies suggest exosomes play a role in HIV pathogenesis, but little is known about exosome cargo in relation to immune responses and oxidative stress. Here, we characterize plasma exosomes in HIV patients and their relationship to immunological and oxidative stress markers. Plasma exosome fractions were isolated from HIV-positive subjects on ART with suppressed viral load and HIV-negative controls. Exosomes were characterized by electron microscopy, nanoparticle tracking, immunoblotting, and LC-MS/MS proteomics. Plasma exosomes were increased in HIV-positive subjects compared to controls, and correlated with increased oxidative stress markers (cystine, oxidized cys-gly) and decreased PUFA (DHA, EPA, DPA). Untargeted proteomics detected markers of exosomes (CD9, CD63, CD81), immune activation (CD14, CRP, HLA-A, HLA-B), oxidative stress (CAT, PRDX1, PRDX2, TXN), and Notch4 in plasma exosomes. Exosomal Notch4 was increased in HIV-positive subjects versus controls and correlated with immune activation markers. Treatment of THP-1 monocytic cells with patient-derived exosomes induced expression of genes related to interferon responses and immune activation. These results suggest that exosomes in ART-treated HIV patients carry proteins related to immune activation and oxidative stress, have immunomodulatory effects on myeloid cells, and may have pro-inflammatory and redox effects during pathogenesis.
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15
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Hirsch GE, Jaskulski M, Hamerski HM, Porto FG, da Silva B, Aita CAM, Kroker K, de Bem Silveira G, Silveira PCL, Santos GT, Klafke JZ, Viecili PRN. Evaluation of oxidative stress and brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels related to crack-use detoxification. Neurosci Lett 2018; 670:62-68. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2018.01.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Revised: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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16
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Coelho NR, Dias CG, João Correia M, Grácio P, Serpa J, Monteiro EC, Diogo LN, Pereira SA. Cysteine Oxidative Dynamics Underlies Hypertension and Kidney Dysfunction Induced by Chronic Intermittent Hypoxia. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 1071:83-88. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-91137-3_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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17
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Mocelin R, Marcon M, D’ambros S, Herrmann AP, da Rosa Araujo AS, Piato A. Behavioral and Biochemical Effects of N-Acetylcysteine in Zebrafish Acutely Exposed to Ethanol. Neurochem Res 2017; 43:458-464. [DOI: 10.1007/s11064-017-2442-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2017] [Revised: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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18
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Shimamoto A, Rappeneau V. Sex-dependent mental illnesses and mitochondria. Schizophr Res 2017; 187:38-46. [PMID: 28279571 PMCID: PMC5581986 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2017.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Revised: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 02/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence of some mental illnesses, including major depression, anxiety-, trauma-, and stress-related disorders, some substance use disorders, and later onset of schizophrenia, is higher in women than men. While the higher prevalence in women could simply be explained by socioeconomic determinants, such as income, social status, or cultural background, extensive studies show sex differences in biological, pharmacokinetic, and pharmacological factors contribute to females' vulnerability to these mental illnesses. In this review, we focus on estrogens, chronic stress, and neurotoxicity from behavioral, pharmacological, biological, and molecular perspectives to delineate the sex differences in these mental illnesses. Particularly, we investigate a possible role of mitochondrial function, including biosynthesis, bioenergetics, and signaling, on mediating the sex differences in psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Shimamoto
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Meharry Medical College, 1005 Dr. D.B. Todd Jr. Blvd., Nashville, TN 37028-3599, United States.
| | - Virginie Rappeneau
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Meharry Medical College, 1005 Dr. D.B. Todd Jr. Blvd., Nashville, TN 37028-3599, United States
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Bellés M, Gonzalo S, Serra N, Esplugas R, Arenas M, Domingo JL, Linares V. Environmental exposure to low-doses of ionizing radiation. Effects on early nephrotoxicity in mice. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2017; 156:291-296. [PMID: 28371757 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2017.03.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Revised: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Nuclear accidents of tremendous magnitude, such as those of Chernobyl (1986) and Fukushima (2011), mean that individuals living in the contaminated areas are potentially exposed to ionizing radiation (IR). However, the dose-response relationship for effects of low doses of radiation is not still established. The present study was aimed at investigating in mice the early effects of low-dose internal radiation exposure on the kidney. Adult male (C57BL/6J) mice were divided into three groups. Two groups received a single subcutaneous (s.c.) doses of cesium (137Cs) with activities of 4000 and 8000Bq/kg bw. A third group (control group) received a single s.c. injection of 0.9% saline. To evaluate acute and subacute effects, mice (one-half of each group) were euthanized at 72h and 10 days post-exposure to 137Cs, respectively. Urine samples were collected for biochemical analysis, including the measurement of F2-isoprostane (F2-IsoP) and kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) levels. Moreover, the concentrations of 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), a sensitive marker of oxidative DNA damage, were measured in renal tissue. Urinary excretion of total protein significantly increased at 72h in mice exposed to Cs4000. Uric acid and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) decreased significantly at both times post-exposure in animals exposed to Cs8000. After 72h and 10d of exposure to Cs4000, a significant increase in the γ-glutamil transferase (GGT) and N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) activities was observed. In turn, F2-IsoP levels increased -mainly in the Cs4000 group- at 72h post-exposure. Following irradiation (137Cs), the highest level of KIM-1 was corresponded to the Cs4000 group at 72h. Likewise, the main DNA damage was detected in mice exposed to Cs4000, mainly at 10d after irradiation. The alterations observed in several biomarkers suggest an immediate renal damage following exposure to low doses of IR (given as 137Cs). Further investigations are required to clarify the mechanisms involved in the internal IR-induced nephrotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Montserrat Bellés
- Physiology Unit, School of Medicine, IISPV, Rovira i Virgili University, Reus, Spain; Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine, IISPV, Rovira i Virgili University, Reus, Spain
| | - Sergio Gonzalo
- Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine, IISPV, Rovira i Virgili University, Reus, Spain
| | - Noemí Serra
- Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine, IISPV, Rovira i Virgili University, Reus, Spain
| | - Roser Esplugas
- Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine, IISPV, Rovira i Virgili University, Reus, Spain
| | - Meritxell Arenas
- Radiation Oncology Department, Sant Joan University Hospital, IISPV, Rovira i Virgili University, Reus, Spain
| | - José Luis Domingo
- Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine, IISPV, Rovira i Virgili University, Reus, Spain
| | - Victoria Linares
- Physiology Unit, School of Medicine, IISPV, Rovira i Virgili University, Reus, Spain; Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine, IISPV, Rovira i Virgili University, Reus, Spain.
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20
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Hydrogen sulfide attenuates cardiac injury in takotsubo cardiomyopathy by alleviating oxidative stress. Nitric Oxide 2017; 67:10-25. [PMID: 28450188 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2017.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2017] [Revised: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 04/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (TCM) is characterized by transient left ventricular apical ballooning with the absence of coronary occlusion, which is an acute cardiac syndrome with substantial morbidity and mortality. It was reported that reduced endogenous hydrogen sulfide (H2S) levels may be related to various heart diseases. The present study investigated the mechanism by which H2S administration modulates and protects cardiac function in TCM rats. In order to establish a TCM model, Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were injected with a single dose of β-adrenergic agonist isoprenaline (ISO). We found that ISO induced cardiac dysfunction, which was characterized by a significant decrease in left ventricular systolic pressure (LVSP), maximum contraction velocity (+dp/dtmax), maximum relaxation velocity (-dp/dtmax) and increased left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP). Accordingly, we found that plasma and heart tissue H2S levels in TCM rats decreased significantly, and cardiac cystathionine γ-lyase (CSE) and 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase (3-MST) expression were lower. Moreover, cardiac dysfunction in TCM was associated with oxidative stress response and reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation. NADPH Oxidase 4 (NOX4) and p67 protein expressions significantly increased in TCM cardiac tissues. In addition, Sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS) ameliorated ISO-induced cardiac dysfunction and reversed ISO-induced oxidative stress. This study revealed that H2S exerted cardioprotective effects by reducing NADPH oxidase, which reduced ROS formation and prevented oxidative stress. Our study provided novel evidence that H2S is protective in myocardial dysfunction in TCM rats and could be a therapeutic target for alleviating β-adrenergic system overstimulation-induced cardiovascular dysfunction.
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21
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Campos-Pereira F, Lopes-Aguiar L, Renosto F, Nogueira G, Costa E, Barbieri Pulz R, Silva-Zacarin E, Oliveira C, Pigoso A, Severi-Aguiar G. Genotoxic effect and rat hepatocyte death occurred after oxidative stress induction and antioxidant gene downregulation caused by long term fluoride exposure. Chem Biol Interact 2017; 264:25-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2017.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2016] [Revised: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 01/11/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Iciek M, Bilska-Wilkosz A, Górny M, Sokołowska-Jeżewicz M, Kowalczyk-Pachel D. The Effects of Different Garlic-Derived Allyl Sulfides on Anaerobic Sulfur Metabolism in the Mouse Kidney. Antioxidants (Basel) 2016; 5:antiox5040046. [PMID: 27929399 PMCID: PMC5187544 DOI: 10.3390/antiox5040046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2016] [Revised: 11/03/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Diallyl sulfide (DAS), diallyl disulfide (DADS) and diallyl trisulfide (DATS) are major oil-soluble organosulfur compounds of garlic responsible for most of its pharmacological effects. The present study investigated the influence of repeated intraperitoneally (ip) administration of DAS, DADS and DATS on the total level of sulfane sulfur, bound sulfur (S-sulfhydration) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and on the activity of enzymes, which catalyze sulfane sulfur formation and transfer from a donor to an acceptor in the normal mouse kidney, i.e., γ-cystathionase (CSE) and rhodanese (TST). The activity of aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH), which is a redox-sensitive protein, containing an –SH group in its catalytic center, was also determined. The obtained results indicated that all tested compounds significantly increased the activity of TST. Moreover, DADS and DATS increased the total sulfane sulfur level and CSE activity in the normal mouse kidney. ALDH activity was inhibited in the kidney after DATS administration. The results indicated also that none of the studied allyl sulfides affected the level of bound sulfur or H2S. Thus, it can be concluded that garlic-derived DADS and DATS can be a source of sulfane sulfur for renal cells but they are not connected with persulfide formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Iciek
- Chair of Medical Biochemistry, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Kopernika 7, Kraków 31-034, Poland.
| | - Anna Bilska-Wilkosz
- Chair of Medical Biochemistry, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Kopernika 7, Kraków 31-034, Poland.
| | - Magdalena Górny
- Chair of Medical Biochemistry, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Kopernika 7, Kraków 31-034, Poland.
| | - Maria Sokołowska-Jeżewicz
- Chair of Medical Biochemistry, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Kopernika 7, Kraków 31-034, Poland.
| | - Danuta Kowalczyk-Pachel
- Chair of Medical Biochemistry, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Kopernika 7, Kraków 31-034, Poland.
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Pytka K, Głuch-Lutwin M, Knutelska J, Jakubczyk M, Waszkielewicz A, Kotańska M. HBK-14 and HBK-15 Do Not Influence Blood Pressure, Lipid Profile, Glucose Level, or Liver Enzymes Activity after Chronic Treatment in Rats. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0165495. [PMID: 27788267 PMCID: PMC5082917 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0165495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 10/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Older and even new antidepressants cause adverse effects, such as orthostatic hypotension, hyper- or hypoglycemia, liver injury or lipid disorders. In our previous experiments we showed significant antidepressant- and anxiolytic-like activities of dual 5-HT1A and 5-HT7 antagonists with α1-adrenolitic properties i.e. 1-[(2,6-dimethylphenoxy)ethoxyethyl]-4-(2-methoxyphenyl)piperazine hydrochloride (HBK-14) and 1-[(2-chloro-6-methylphenoxy)ethoxyethyl]-4-(2-methoxyphenyl)piperazine hydrochloride (HBK-15). Here, we evaluated the influence of chronic administration of HBK-14 and HBK-15 on blood pressure (non-invasive blood pressure measurement system for rodents), lipid profile (total cholesterol, low density lipoproteins—LDL, high density lipoproteins—HDL, triglycerides), glucose level, and liver enzymes activity (aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, γ-glutamyl transferase). We determined potential antihistaminic (isolated guinea pig ileum) and antioxidant properties (ferric reducing ability of plasma–FRAP, non-protein thiols–NPSH, stable free radical diphenylpicrylhydrazyl—DPPH) cytotoxicity. Our experiments revealed that HBK-14 and HBK-15 did not influence blood pressure, lipid profile, glucose level or liver enzymes activity in rats after 2-week treatment. We also showed that none of the compounds possessed antioxidant or cytotoxic properties at antidepressant- and anxiolytic-like doses. HBK-14 and HBK-15 very weakly blocked H1 receptors in guinea pig ileum. Positive results of our preliminary experiments on the safety of HBK-14 and HBK-15 encourage further studies concerning their effectiveness in the treatment of depression and/or anxiety disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Pytka
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
- * E-mail:
| | - Monika Głuch-Lutwin
- Department of Pharmacobiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Joanna Knutelska
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Magdalena Jakubczyk
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Anna Waszkielewicz
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Chair of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Magdalena Kotańska
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
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Zhang YX, Yang X, Zou P, Du PF, Wang J, Jin F, Jin MJ, She YX. Nonylphenol Toxicity Evaluation and Discovery of Biomarkers in Rat Urine by a Metabolomics Strategy through HPLC-QTOF-MS. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2016; 13:ijerph13050501. [PMID: 27187439 PMCID: PMC4881126 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph13050501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2016] [Revised: 05/08/2016] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Nonylphenol (NP) was quantified using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) in the urine and plasma of rats treated with 0, 50, and 250 mg/kg/day of NP for four consecutive days. A urinary metabolomic strategy was originally implemented by high performance liquid chromatography time of flight mass spectrometry (HPLC-QTOF-MS) to explore the toxicological effects of NP and determine the overall alterations in the metabolite profiles so as to find potential biomarkers. It is essential to point out that from the observation, the metabolic data were clearly clustered and separated for the three groups. To further identify differentiated metabolites, multivariate analysis, including principal component analysis (PCA), orthogonal partial least-squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA), high-resolution MS/MS analysis, as well as searches of Metlin and Massbank databases, were conducted on a series of metabolites between the control and dose groups. Finally, five metabolites, including glycine, glycerophosphocholine, 5-hydroxytryptamine, malonaldehyde (showing an upward trend), and tryptophan (showing a downward trend), were identified as the potential urinary biomarkers of NP-induced toxicity. In order to validate the reliability of these potential biomarkers, an independent validation was performed by using the multiple reaction monitoring (MRM)-based targeted approach. The oxidative stress reflected by urinary 8-oxo-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG) levels was elevated in individuals highly exposed to NP, supporting the hypothesis that mitochondrial dysfunction was a result of xenoestrogen accumulation. This study reveals a promising approach to find biomarkers to assist researchers in monitoring NP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Xin Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
| | - Xin Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
| | - Pan Zou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
| | - Peng-Fei Du
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Quality and Safety, Institute of Quality Standard & Testing Technology for Agro-Product, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Jing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Quality and Safety, Institute of Quality Standard & Testing Technology for Agro-Product, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Fen Jin
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Quality and Safety, Institute of Quality Standard & Testing Technology for Agro-Product, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Mao-Jun Jin
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Quality and Safety, Institute of Quality Standard & Testing Technology for Agro-Product, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Yong-Xin She
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Quality and Safety, Institute of Quality Standard & Testing Technology for Agro-Product, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China.
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