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Guo R, Yu K, Huang K, Li J, Huang J, Yang X, Wu Y, Wang D. Regulatory mechanism of Sarmentosin and Quercetin on lipid accumulation in primary hepatocyte of GIFT tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) with fatty liver. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0309976. [PMID: 39236049 PMCID: PMC11376590 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0309976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 08/18/2024] [Indexed: 09/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Sarmentosin (SA) and Quercetin (QC) are two active components of Sedum Sarmentosum Bunge, which is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine. This study aimed to investigate the role and regulatory mechanism of SA and QC in fatty liver of Genetic Improvement of Farmed Tilapia (GIFT) tilapia. GIFT tilapia were randomly divided into two groups with three replicates per treatment (30 fish in each replicate): normal diet group (average weight 3.51±0.31 g) and high-fat diet group (average weight 3.44±0.09 g). After 8 weeks feeding trial, growth index, lipid deposition, and biochemical indexes were measured. Lipid deposition, and lipid and inflammation-related gene expression were detected in a primary hepatocyte model of fatty liver of GIFT tilapia treated with SA or QC. Our results showed that high-fat diet caused lipid deposition and peroxidative damage in the liver of GIFT tilapia. The cell counting kit-8 assay results indicated that 10 μM SA and 10 μM of QC both had the least effect on hepatocyte proliferation. Moreover, both 10 μM of SA and 10 μM of QC showed lipolytic effects and inhibited the expression of lipid-related genes (FAS, Leptin, SREBP-1c, and SREBP2) in fatty liver cells. Interestingly, QC induced autophagosome-like subcellular structure and increased the expression of IL-8 in fatty liver cells. In conclusion, this study confirmed that SA and QC improved fatty liver caused by high-fat diet, providing a novel therapeutic approach for fatty liver of GIFT tilapia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruijie Guo
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Kai Yu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Kai Huang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Jinghua Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Jiao Huang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Xuhong Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Yaoting Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Dandan Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
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Cho KH, Lee Y, Lee SH, Kim JE, Bahuguna A. Comparison of the In Vivo Efficacy of Cuban (Raydel ®) and Chinese (BOC Science) Policosanol in Alleviating Dyslipidemia and Inflammation via Safeguarding Major Organs and Reproductive Health in Hyperlipidemic Zebrafish: A Twelve-Week Consumption Study. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:1103. [PMID: 39204207 PMCID: PMC11357553 DOI: 10.3390/ph17081103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2024] [Revised: 08/20/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Policosanol is a blend of long-chain aliphatic alcohols (LCAAs) and is well-known for several health-beneficial activities; however, the functionality of policosanol varied substantially based on the composition of LCAAs. In this study, two distinct policosanols, Raydel® (extracted from Cuban sugarcane wax) and BOC Sciences (extracted from Chinese sugarcane wax), were dietarily supplemented (0.1% w/w) for 12 weeks in hyperlipidemic zebrafish to examine their influence on the blood lipid profile and functionality of the liver, kidney, and reproductive organs. The results demonstrated a noteworthy impact of both policosanols on preventing high-cholesterol diet (HCD, 4% w/w)-induced dyslipidemia by decreasing total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) levels in the plasma. However, compared to BOC Sciences, the Raydel® policosanol exhibited a significantly (p < 0.05) higher efficacy in reducing HCD-induced TC and TG levels. A substantial effect was observed exclusively with the Raydel® policosanol in mitigating HCD-impaired low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and high-density-lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels. Hepatic histology and immunohistochemistry (IHC) analysis revealed the higher efficacy of Raydel® policosanol over BOC Sciences policosanol to prevent HCD-provoked fatty liver changes, cellular senescence, oxidative stress, and interleukin (IL)-6 production. Consistently, a significantly higher effect of Raydel® over BOC Sciences policosanol was observed on the protection of kidney, testis, and ovary morphology hampered by HCD consumption. In addition, Raydel® policosanol exhibited a notably stronger effect (~2-fold, p < 0.05) on the egg-laying ability of the zebrafish compared to policosanol from BOC Sciences. Furthermore, Raydel® policosanol plays a crucial role in improving embryo viability and mitigating developmental defects caused by the intake of an HCD. Conclusively, Raydel® policosanol displayed a substantially higher efficacy over BOC Sciences policosanol to revert HCD-induced dyslipidemia, the functionality of vital organs, and the reproductive health of zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung-Hyun Cho
- Raydel Research Institute, Medical Innovation Complex, Daegu 41061, Republic of Korea
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Harsch BA, Borkowski K, Walker RE, Pedersen TL, Newman JW, Shearer GC. ABCA1 and apoA-I dependent 12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid efflux regulates macrophage inflammatory signaling. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.07.11.603001. [PMID: 39026807 PMCID: PMC11257534 DOI: 10.1101/2024.07.11.603001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Aberrant high-density lipoprotein (HDL) function is implicated in inflammation-associated pathologies. While HDL ABCA1-mediated reverse cholesterol and phospholipid transport are well described, the movement of pro-/anti-inflammatory lipids has not been explored. HDL phospholipids are the largest reservoir of circulating arachidonic acid-derived oxylipins. Endotoxin-stimulation activates inflammatory cells leading to hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (HETE) production, oxylipins which are involved in inflammatory response coordination. Active signaling in the non-esterified (NE) pool is terminated by sequestration of HETEs as esterified (Es) forms and degradation. We speculate that an ABCA1-apoA-I-dependent efflux of HETEs from stimulated cells could regulate intracellular HETE availability. Here we test this hypothesis both in vitro and in vivo. In endotoxin-stimulated RAW-264.7 macrophages preloaded with d8-arachidonic acid we use compartmental tracer modeling to characterize the formation of HETEs, and their efflux into HDL. We found that in response to endotoxin: I) Cellular NE 12-HETE is positively associated with MCP-1 secretion (p<0.001); II) HETE transfer from NE to Es pools is ABCA1-depedent (p<0.001); III) Cellular Es HETEs are transported into media when both apoA-I and ABCA1 are present (p<0.001); IV) The stimulated efflux of HETEs >> arachidonate (p<0.001). Finally, in endotoxin challenged humans (n=17), we demonstrate that intravenous lipopolysaccharide (0.6 ng/kg body weight) resulted in accumulation of 12-HETE in HDL over a 168-hour follow-up. Therefore, HDL can suppress inflammatory responses in macrophages by regulating intracellular HETE content in an apoA-I/ABCA1 dependent manner. The described mechanism may apply to other oxylipins and explain anti-inflammatory properties of HDL. This newly defined HDL property opens new doors for the study of lipoprotein interactions in metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian A Harsch
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA
| | - Kamil Borkowski
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA
- West Coast Metabolomics Center, Genome Center, University of California Davis, Davis CA
| | - Rachel E Walker
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA
| | | | - John W Newman
- West Coast Metabolomics Center, Genome Center, University of California Davis, Davis CA
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Western Human Nutrition Research Center, Davis CA
- Department of Nutrition, University of California Davis, Davis CA
| | - Gregory C Shearer
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA
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Xie A, Dong Y, Liu Z, Li Z, Shao J, Li M, Yue X. A Review of Plant-Based Drinks Addressing Nutrients, Flavor, and Processing Technologies. Foods 2023; 12:3952. [PMID: 37959070 PMCID: PMC10650231 DOI: 10.3390/foods12213952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant-based drinks have garnered significant attention as viable substitutes for traditional dairy milk, providing options for individuals who are lactose intolerant or allergic to dairy proteins, and those who adhere to vegan or vegetarian diets. In recent years, demand for plant-based drinks has expanded rapidly. Each variety has unique characteristics in terms of flavor, texture, and nutritional composition, offering consumers a diverse range of choices tailored to meet individual preferences and dietary needs. In this review, we aimed to provide a comprehensive overview of the various types of plant-based drinks and explore potential considerations including their nutritional compositions, health benefits, and processing technologies, as well as the challenges facing the plant-based drink processing industry. We delve into scientific evidence supporting the consumption of plant-based drinks, discuss their potential roles in meeting dietary requirements, and address current limitations and concerns regarding their use. We hope to illuminate the growing significance of plant-based drinks as sustainable and nutritious alternatives to dairy milk, and assist individuals in making informed choices regarding their dietary habits, expanding potential applications for plant-based drinks, and providing necessary theoretical and technical support for the development of a plant-based drink processing industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aijun Xie
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore;
| | - Yushi Dong
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, King’s College London, London SE19NH, UK;
| | - Zifei Liu
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117542, Singapore;
| | - Zhiwei Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oil & Gas Storage and Transportation Technology, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China;
| | - Junhua Shao
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China;
| | - Mohan Li
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China;
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117542, Singapore;
| | - Xiqing Yue
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China;
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Yoon SA, Ham YM, Han SC, Hyun HB, Go B, Jung YH, Yoo ES, Yoon WJ. Immature Persimmon ( Diospyros kaki Thunb.) Ethanol Extract Ameliorates High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity by Modulating Lipid Metabolism. Prev Nutr Food Sci 2023; 28:263-270. [PMID: 37842245 PMCID: PMC10567593 DOI: 10.3746/pnf.2023.28.3.263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, immature persimmon (Diospyros kaki Thunb.) ethanol extract was administered to an obese animal model fed a high-fat diet to measure weight change, adipose tissue weight, serum lipid level, and expression level of adipose-related genes to evaluate its efficacy. Administration of D. kaki ethanol extract (DKE) (100 and 500 mg/kg/d) decreased the body weight gain, adipose tissue weight, and serum triglyceride levels in mice fed a high-fat diet. Furthermore, it improved the leptin and adiponectin levels in the blood as well as gene expression in the liver. It also inhibited the expression of sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c, inhibiting the production of triglyceride biosynthetic enzyme fatty acid synthesis and acetyl-CoA carboxylase, and decreased the expressions of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ and CCAAT/enhancer-binding proteins that induce adipocyte differentiation. Therefore, these data suggest that DKE exerts beneficial effects on high-fat diet-induced obesity by modulating lipid metabolism in mice fed a high-fat diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seon-A Yoon
- Biodiversity Research Institute, Jeju Technopark, Jeju 63608, Korea
| | - Young-Min Ham
- Biodiversity Research Institute, Jeju Technopark, Jeju 63608, Korea
| | - Sang-Chul Han
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea
| | - Ho Bong Hyun
- Biodiversity Research Institute, Jeju Technopark, Jeju 63608, Korea
| | - Boram Go
- Biodiversity Research Institute, Jeju Technopark, Jeju 63608, Korea
| | - Yong-Hwan Jung
- Biodiversity Research Institute, Jeju Technopark, Jeju 63608, Korea
| | - Eun-Sook Yoo
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea
| | - Weon-Jong Yoon
- Biodiversity Research Institute, Jeju Technopark, Jeju 63608, Korea
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Cheng CCW, Wu JH, Louie JCY. Trans-fat labelling information on prepackaged foods and beverages sold in Hong Kong in 2019. Public Health Nutr 2022; 26:1-8. [PMID: 36415081 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980022002464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the labelling status of trans-fat of pre-packaged foods sold in Hong Kong. DESIGN Data from 19 027 items in the 2019 FoodSwitch Hong Kong database were used. Ingredient lists were screened to identify specific (e.g. partially hydrogenated vegetable oil, PHVO) and non-specific trans-fat ingredient indicators (e.g. hydrogenated oil). Trans-fat content was obtained from the on-pack nutrition labels, which was converted into proportion of total fat (%total fat). Descriptive statistics were calculated for trans-fat content and the number of specific, non-specific and total trans-fat ingredients indicators found on the ingredients lists. Comparisons were made between regions using one-way ANOVA and χ2 for continuous and categorical variables, respectively. SETTING Cross-sectional audit. PARTICIPANTS Not applicable. RESULTS A total of 729 items (3·8 % of all products) reported to contain industrially produced trans-fat, with a median of 0·4 g/100 g or 100 ml (interquartile range (IQR): 0·1-0·6) and 1·2 %totalfat (IQR: 0·6-2·9). 'Bread and bakery products' had the highest proportion of items with industrially produced trans-fat (18·9 %). 'Non-alcoholic beverages' had the highest proportion of products of 'false negatives' labelling (e.g. labelled as 0 trans-fat but contains PHVO; 59·3 %). The majority of products with trans-fat indicator originated from Asia (70 %). CONCLUSIONS According to the labelling ∼4 % of pre-packaged food and beverages sold in Hong Kong in 2019 contained industrially produced trans-fat, and a third of these had trans-fat >2 %total fat. The ambiguous trans-fat labelling in Hong Kong may not effectively assist consumers in identifying products free from industrially produced trans-fat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Chi Wai Cheng
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Hong Kong, 5S-14 Kadoorie Biological Sciences Building, 1 Pokfulam Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Jason Hy Wu
- Food Policy Division, The George Institute for Global Health, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Jimmy Chun Yu Louie
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Hong Kong, 5S-14 Kadoorie Biological Sciences Building, 1 Pokfulam Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
- Food Policy Division, The George Institute for Global Health, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
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Flieh SM, Miguel-Berges ML, Huybrechts I, Castillo MJ, Gonzalez-Gross M, Marcos A, Gottrand F, Le Donne C, Widhalm K, Molnár D, Stehle P, Kafatos A, Dallongeville J, Gesteiro E, Abbeddou S, Moreno LA, González-Gil EM, Moreno LA, Moreno LA, Gottrand F, De Henauw S, González-Gross M, Gilbert C, Kafatos A, Moreno LA, Libersa C, De Henauw S, Castelló S, Gottrand F, Kersting M, Sjöstrom M, Molnár D, González-Gross M, Dallongeville J, Gilbert C, Hall G, Maes L, Scalfi L, Meléndez P, Moreno LA, Casajús JA, Fleta J, Rodríguez G, Tomás C, Mesana MI, Vicente-Rodríguez G, Villarroya A, Gil CM, Ara I, Alvira JF, Bueno G, Bueno O, León JF, MaGaragorri J, Labayen I, Iglesia I, Bel S, Gracia Marco LA, Mouratidou T, Santaliestra-Pasías A, Iglesia I, González-Gil E, De Miguel-Etayo P, Miguel-Berges M, Iguacel I, Rupérez A, Marcos A, Wärnberg J, Nova E, Gómez S, Díaz LE, Romeo J, Veses A, Zapatera B, Pozo T, Martínez D, Beghin L, Libersa C, Gottrand F, Iliescu C, Von Berlepsch J, Kersting M, Sichert-Hellert W, Koeppen E, Molnar D, Erhardt E, Csernus K, Török K, Bokor S, Angster M, Nagy E, Kovács O, Répasi J, Kafatos A, Codrington C, Plada M, Papadaki A, Sarri K, Viskadourou A, Hatzis C, Kiriakakis M, Tsibinos G, Vardavas C, Sbokos M, Protoyeraki E, Fasoulaki M, Stehle P, Pietrzik K, González-Gross M, Breidenassel C, Spinneker A, Al-Tahan J, Segoviano M, Berchtold A, Bierschbach C, Blatzheim E, Schuch A, Pickert P, Castillo MJ, Gutiérrez Á, Ortega FB, Ruiz JR, Artero EG, España V, Jiménez-Pavón D, Chillón P, Sánchez-Muñoz C, Cuenca M, Arcella D, Azzini E, Barrison E, Bevilacqua N, Buonocore P, Catasta G, Censi L, Ciarapica D, D’Acapito P, Ferrari M, Galfo M, Le Donne C, Leclercq C, Maiani G, Mauro B, Mistura L, Pasquali A, Piccinelli R, Polito A, Roccaldo R, Spada R, Sette S, Zaccaria M, Scalfi L, Vitaglione P, Montagnese C, De Bourdeaudhuij I, De Henauw S, De Vriendt T, Maes L, Matthys C, Vereecken C, de Maeyer M, Ottevaere C, Huybrechts I, Widhalm K, Phillipp K, Dietrich S, Kubelka B, Boriss-Riedl M, Manios Y, Grammatikaki E, Bouloubasi Z, Cook TL, Eleutheriou S, Consta O, Moschonis G, Katsaroli I, Kraniou G, Papoutsou S, Keke D, Petraki I, Bellou E, Tanagra S, Kallianoti K, Argyropoulou D, Tsikrika S, Karaiskos C, Dallongeville J, Meirhaeghe A, Sjöstrom M, Ruiz JR, Ortega FB, Hagströmer M, Wennlöf AH, Hallström L, Patterson E, Kwak L, Wärnberg J, Rizzo N, Sánchez-Molero J, Castelló S, Picó E, Navarro M, Viadel B, Carreres JE, Merino G, Sanjuán R, Lorente M, Sánchez MJ, Gilbert C, THOMA-IRs S, Allchurch E, Burgess P, Hall G, Astrom A, Sverkén A, Broberg A, Masson A, Lehoux C, Brabant P, Pate P, Fontaine L, Sebok A, Kuti T, Hegyi A, Maldonado C, Llorente A, García E, von Fircks H, Hallberg ML, Messerer M, Larsson M, Fredriksson H, Adamsson V, Börjesson I, Fernández L, Smillie L, Wills J, González-Gross M, Pedrero-Chamizo R, Meléndez A, Valtueña J, Jiménez-Pavón D, Albers U, Benito PJ, Gómez Lorente JJ, Cañada D, Urzanqui A, Torres RM, Navarro P. Associations between food portion sizes, insulin resistance, VO2 max and metabolic syndrome in European adolescents: The HELENA study. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2022; 32:2061-2073. [PMID: 35850749 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2022.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS This study aims to examine the associations of food portion size (PS) with markers of insulin resistance (IR) and clustered of metabolic risk score in European adolescents. METHODS A total of 495 adolescents (53.5% females) from the Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence (HELENA) study were included. The association between PS from food groups and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index, VO2 max, and metabolic risk score was assessed by multilinear regression analysis adjusting for several confounders. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used to determine the mean differences of food PS from food groups by HOMA-IR cutoff categories by using maternal education as a covariable. RESULTS Larger PS from vegetables in both gender and milk, yoghurt, and milk beverages in males were associated with higher VO2 max, while larger PS from margarines and vegetable oils were associated with lower VO2 max (p < 0.05). Males who consumed larger PS from fish and fish products; meat substitutes, nuts, and pulses; cakes, pies, and biscuits; and sugar, honey, jams, and chocolate have a higher metabolic risk score (p < 0.05). Males with lower HOMA-IR cutoff values consumed larger PS from vegetables, milk, yoghurt, and milk beverages (p < 0.05). Females with lower HOMA-IR cutoff values consumed larger PS from breakfast cereals, while those with higher HOMA-IR cutoff values consumed larger PS from butter and animal fats (p = 0.018). CONCLUSION The results show that larger PS from dairy products, cereals, and high energy dense foods are a significant determinant of IR and VO2 max, and larger PS from food with higher content of sugar were associated with higher metabolic risk score.
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Linseed, Baru, and Coconut Oils: NMR-Based Metabolomics, Leukocyte Infiltration Potential In Vivo, and Their Oil Characterization. Are There Still Controversies? Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14061161. [PMID: 35334818 PMCID: PMC8950264 DOI: 10.3390/nu14061161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Different fatty acid proportions produce potential inflammatory and metabolic changes in organisms. However, the evidence for how each fatty acid mediates the metabolic pathway, and its lipid stability remains controversial. To resolve this controversy, the present study investigated the metabolic effects of cold-pressed linseed (LG), coconut (CG), and baru (BG) oils in comparison to those of soybean oil (SG) in mice, in terms of their oil characterization and stability. The quality analysis showed less oxidative behavior among PUFA-rich oils (SO, BO, and LO, with induction periods lower than 2 h compared to 39.8 h for CG), besides the high contents of tocopherols and carotenoids in SG and LG. In the experimental study, CG presented higher triglyceride (257.93 ± 72.30) and VLDL-cholesterol levels (51.59 ± 14.46, p < 0.05), while LG reduced LDL levels (59.29 ± 7.56, p < 0.05) when compared to SG (183.14 ± 22.06, 36.63 ± 4.41 and 131.63 ± 29.0, respectively). For visceral fats, the adiposity index was lower for BG (7.32 ± 3.13) and CG (9.58 ± 1.02, p < 0.05) in relation to SG (12.53 ± 2.80), and for leukocyte recruitment, CG presented lower polymorphonuclear (PMN) (p < 0.0001) and mononuclear (MN) (p < 0.05) cell infiltration, demonstrating anti-inflammatory potential. In NMR-based metabolomics, although CG presented higher values for the glucose, lactate, and LDL/VLDL ratio, this group also evidenced high levels of choline, a lipotropic metabolite. Our study emphasized the controversies of saturated fatty acids, which impair serum lipids, while alfa-linolenic acid presented cardioprotective effects. However, coconut oil also has a positive immunomodulatory pathway and was found to reduce visceral bodyfat in mice. Therefore, for future applications, we suggest a combination of lauric and al-fa-linolenic acid sources, which are present in coconut and linseed oil, respectively. This combination could be less obesogenic and inflammatory and exert cardioprotective action.
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Thakkar H, Vincent V, Roy A, Gautam AK, Kutum R, Ramakrishnan L, Singh S, Singh A. Determinants of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) functions beyond proteome in Asian Indians: exploring the fatty acid profile of HDL phospholipids. Mol Cell Biochem 2021; 477:559-570. [PMID: 34843015 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-021-04304-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Impaired high-density lipoprotein (HDL) functions are associated with development of coronary artery disease. In this study, we explored the quantitative differences in HDL (i.e. HDL proteome and fatty acid profile of HDL phospholipids) underlying the functional deficits associated with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). The relationship between HDL function and composition was assessed in 65 consecutive ACS patients and 40 healthy controls. Cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC) of HDL and lecithin cholesterol acyl transferase (LCAT) activity were significantly lower in patients with ACS compared to controls. In HDL proteome analysis, HDL isolated from ACS individuals was enriched in apolipoprotein C2 (inhibitor of LCAT), apolipoprotein C4 and serum amyloid A proteins and was deficient in apolipoprotein A-I and A-II. The fatty acid profile of HDL phospholipids analyzed using gas chromatography showed significantly lower percentages of stearic acid (17.4 ± 2.4 vs 15.8 ± 2.8, p = 0.004) and omega-3 fatty acids [eicosapentaenoic acid (1.0 (0.6-1.4) vs 0.7 (0.4-1.0), p = 0.009) and docosahexaenoic acid (1.5 ± 0.7 vs 1.3 ± 0.5, p = 0.03)] in ACS patients compared to controls. Lower percentages of these fatty acids in HDL were associated with higher odds of developing ACS. Our results suggest that distinct phospholipid fatty acid profiles found in HDL from ACS patients could be one of the contributing factors to the deranged HDL functions in these patients apart from the protein content and the inflammatory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Himani Thakkar
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Vinnyfred Vincent
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Ambuj Roy
- Department of Cardiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Ajay Kumar Gautam
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Rintu Kutum
- Informatics and Big Data Unit, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (IGIB), New Delhi, India
| | - Lakshmy Ramakrishnan
- Department of Cardiac Biochemistry, Cardiothoracic and Neurosciences Centre, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Sandeep Singh
- Department of Cardiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Archna Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
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Chae J, Seo MY, Kim SH, Park MJ. Trends and Risk Factors of Metabolic Syndrome among Korean Adolescents, 2007 to 2018. Diabetes Metab J 2021; 45:880-889. [PMID: 34225415 PMCID: PMC8640158 DOI: 10.4093/dmj.2020.0185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a lack of recent research on the changes in risk factors for metabolic syndrome (MetS) in the Asian pediatric population. We aimed to determine the 12-year trends in the prevalence of MetS and relevant lifestyle factors such as smoking, exercise, and calorie intake among Korean adolescents. METHODS We investigated trends in MetS and lifestyle factors among 6,308 adolescents aged 12 to 18 years from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2007 to 2018. RESULTS The prevalence of MetS was stable from 2007 to 2018 (1.7% to 2.2%). There were significant increases in the prevalence of central obesity (from 8.1% to 11.2%, P=0.012) and hyperglycemia (from 5.3% to 10.4%, P<0.001) and decreases in hypo-high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterolemia (from 22.4% to 14.8%, P<0.001). Total calorie intake and calorie intake from fat significantly increased (P<0.001), whereas calorie intake from carbohydrates significantly decreased (P<0.001) during the study period. The proportions of tobacco smokers and regular walkers significantly decreased from 2007 to 2018. After controlling for all covariates, total calorie intake was positively correlated with waist circumference (P<0.05). HDL-cholesterol was negatively associated with carbohydrate consumption (P<0.01) and positively associated with fat consumption (P<0.001). Regular walking and regular strength training were associated with lower waist circumference (P<0.05). Smoking was associated with lower fasting glucose levels (P<0.01). CONCLUSION Although the prevalence rate of MetS is stable among Korean adolescents, the prevalence of central obesity and hyperglycemia has increased greatly in the recent decade. Public education on proper dietary intake and lifestyle modification is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiun Chae
- Department of Pediatrics, Inje University Sanggye Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Moon Young Seo
- Department of Pediatrics, Inje University Sanggye Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Shin-Hye Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Inje University Sanggye Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Shin-Hye Kim https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0413-122X Department of Pediatrics, Inje University Sanggye Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, 1342 Dongil-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01757, Korea E-mail:
| | - Mi Jung Park
- Department of Pediatrics, Inje University Sanggye Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Corresponding authors: Mi Jung Park https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7202-500X Department of Pediatrics, Inje University Sanggye Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, 1342 Dongil-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01757, Korea E-mail:
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11
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Papotti B, Escolà-Gil JC, Julve J, Potì F, Zanotti I. Impact of Dietary Lipids on the Reverse Cholesterol Transport: What We Learned from Animal Studies. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13082643. [PMID: 34444804 PMCID: PMC8401548 DOI: 10.3390/nu13082643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) is a physiological mechanism protecting cells from an excessive accumulation of cholesterol. When this process begins in vascular macrophages, it acquires antiatherogenic properties, as has been widely demonstrated in animal models. Dietary lipids, despite representing a fundamental source of energy and exerting multiple biological functions, may induce detrimental effects on cardiovascular health. In the present review we summarize the current knowledge on the mechanisms of action of the most relevant classes of dietary lipids, such as fatty acids, sterols and liposoluble vitamins, with effects on different steps of RCT. We also provide a critical analysis of data obtained from experimental models which can serve as a valuable tool to clarify the effects of dietary lipids on cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Papotti
- Dipartimento di Scienze degli Alimenti e del Farmaco, Università di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27/A, 43124 Parma, Italy;
| | - Joan Carles Escolà-Gil
- Institut de Recerca de l’Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau & Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica (IIB) Sant Pau, 08041 Barcelona, Spain; (J.C.E.-G.); (J.J.)
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Josep Julve
- Institut de Recerca de l’Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau & Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica (IIB) Sant Pau, 08041 Barcelona, Spain; (J.C.E.-G.); (J.J.)
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Francesco Potì
- Unità di Neuroscienze, Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università di Parma, Via Volturno 39/F, 43125 Parma, Italy;
| | - Ilaria Zanotti
- Dipartimento di Scienze degli Alimenti e del Farmaco, Università di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27/A, 43124 Parma, Italy;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0521905040
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12
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Yang XY, Zhong DY, Wang GL, Zhang RG, Zhang YL. Effect of Walnut Meal Peptides on Hyperlipidemia and Hepatic Lipid Metabolism in Rats Fed a High-Fat Diet. Nutrients 2021; 13:1410. [PMID: 33922242 PMCID: PMC8146006 DOI: 10.3390/nu13051410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
As a natural active substance that can effectively improve blood lipid balance in the body, hypolipidemic active peptides have attracted the attention of scholars. In this study, the effect of walnut meal peptides (WMP) on lipid metabolism was investigated in rats fed a high-fat diet (HFD). The experimental results show that feeding walnut meal peptides counteracted the high-fat diet-induced increase in body, liver and epididymal fat weight, and reduce the serum concentrations of total cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL-cholesterol and hepatic cholesterol and triglyceride content. Walnut meal peptides also resulted in increased HDL-cholesterol while reducing the atherosclerosis index (AI). Additionally, the stained pathological sections of the liver showed that the walnut meal peptides reduced hepatic steatosis and damage caused by HFD. Furthermore, walnut meal peptide supplementation was associated with normalization of elevated apolipoprotein (Apo)-B and reduced Apo-A1 induced by the high-fat diet and with favorable changes in the expression of genes related to lipid metabolism (LCAT, CYP7A1, HMGR, FAS). The results indicate that walnut meal peptides can effectively prevent the harmful effects of a high-fat diet on body weight, lipid metabolism and liver fat content in rats, and provide, and provide a reference for the further development of walnut meal functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - You-Lin Zhang
- College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China; (X.-Y.Y.); (D.-Y.Z.); (G.-L.W.); (R.-G.Z.)
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13
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Sun X, Chen R, Yan G, Chen Z, Yuan H, Huang W, Lu Y. Gender-specific associations between apolipoprotein A1 and arterial stiffness in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. PeerJ 2020; 8:e9757. [PMID: 32874784 PMCID: PMC7441919 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.9757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Lipid metabolism factors may play an important role in the progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and its related cardiovascular dysfunctions. The study aims to assess whether Apolipoprotein A-1 (ApoA1) was associated with vascular stiffness in NAFLD patients. Methods From 2012 to 2013, we included 2,295 non-alcohol users with fatty liver disease (1,306 male patients) and completely excluded subjects who drank any alcohol ever to eliminate the effect of alcohol intake. The serum ApoA1 levels and the brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) were measured. Results The baPWV in men was much higher than in female patients (1,412.79 cm/s vs. 1,358.69 cm/s, P < 0.001). ApoA1 level was positively associated with baPWV odd ratio (OR), 4.18; 95% confidence interval (CI) [1.16-15.1], P < 0.05) in patients with AST/ALT < 1 and (OR, 4.70; 95% CI [1.36-16.23], P < 0.05) in patients with AST/ALT ≥ 1 respectively. Only arterial stiffness in men was associated with ApoA1 (OR, 3.96; 95% CI [1.29-12.30], P < 0.05) in logistics regression models adjusted for age, gender, body mass index, education attainment, physical activity, smoking, history of hypertension and high-density lipoprotein. The relationship between ApoA1 and baPWV in male NAFLD patients remained significant (confidence, 156.42; 95% CI [49.34-263.50], P < 0.05) in the fully adjusted linear regression model. Conclusion The serum ApoA1 was associated with arterial stiffness in male NAFLD patients. Increased ApoA1 level should be considered as an independent risk factor for arterial stiffness in male NAFLD patients, suggesting that NAFLD may alter arterial stiffness by "ApoA1-related" mechanism in men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xulong Sun
- Clinical Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of General Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ruifang Chen
- Clinical Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Guangyu Yan
- Clinical Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhiheng Chen
- Health Management Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hong Yuan
- Clinical Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Clinical Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yao Lu
- Clinical Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of Life Science and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
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14
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Comparison of Omega-3 Eicosapentaenoic Acid Versus Docosahexaenoic Acid-Rich Fish Oil Supplementation on Plasma Lipids and Lipoproteins in Normolipidemic Adults. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12030749. [PMID: 32178279 PMCID: PMC7146314 DOI: 10.3390/nu12030749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) have both shared and different cardiovascular effects, and commonly used fish oil supplements have considerably varied EPA/DHA ratios. Aims: We compared the effects of fish oil supplements with different EPA/DHA ratios on lipoprotein metabolism. Methods: In a double-blind, randomized cross-over study, normolipidemic adults (n = 30) consumed 12 g/day of EPA-rich (EPA/DHA: 2.3) or DHA-rich (EPA/DHA: 0.3) fish oil for 8-weeks, separated by an 8-week washout period. Results: Both fish oil supplements similarly lowered plasma TG levels and TG-related NMR parameters versus baseline (p < 0.05). There were no changes in plasma cholesterol-related parameters due to either fish oil, although on-treatment levels for LDL particle number were slightly higher for DHA-rich oil compared with EPA-rich oil (p < 0.05). Both fish oil supplements similarly altered HDL subclass profile and proteome, and down regulated HDL proteins related to inflammation, with EPA-rich oil to a greater extent. Furthermore, EPA-rich oil increased apoM abundance versus DHA-rich oil (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Overall, fish oil supplements with varied EPA/DHA ratios had similar effects on total lipids/lipoproteins, but differences were observed in lipoprotein subfraction composition and distribution, which could impact on the use of EPA versus DHA for improving cardiovascular health.
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15
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Zheng Y, Yu J, Liang C, Li S, Wen X, Li Y. Characterization on gut microbiome of PCOS rats and its further design by shifts in high-fat diet and dihydrotestosterone induction in PCOS rats. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2020; 44:953-964. [PMID: 32157446 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-020-02320-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is associated with gut microbiota disturbance. Emerging evidence has shown that gut microbiota plays a major role in the development of PCOS. To better understand how the gut microbiota contributes to the development of PCOS, we investigated the influences of high-fat diet and hyperandrogenism, independently or synergistically, have on the gut microbiota in rats. Furthermore, we explored the associations between gut microbiota and hyperandrogenism or other hallmarks of PCOS. Twenty female SD rats were randomized at aged 3 weeks into 4 groups (n = 5, each); HA: PCOS rats fed with ordinary diet; HF: rats with high-fat diet (HFD); HA-HF: PCOS rats fed with HFD; and C: control rats with ordinary diet. PCOS rat model was induced by 5α-dihydrotestosterone (DHT) injection for 6 weeks. The fasting blood glucose (FBG), plasma insulin, testosterone, free testosterone, TNF-α, MDA, SOD, LPS, TLR4, TG, TC, HDL-C, and LDL-C levels were measured. The molecular ecology of the fecal gut microbiota was analyzed by 16S rDNA high-throughput sequencing. The results showed that rats in the HA and HA-HF group displayed abnormal estrous cycles with increasing androgen level and exhibited multiple large cysts with diminished granulosa layers in ovarian tissues. Compare with the C group, relative abundance of the Bacteroidetes phylum decreased significantly in the other groups (P < 0.05). The Chao1 was the highest in the group C and significantly higher than the HA-HF group (P < 0.05). T, FT, insulin, MDA, LPS, and TNF-α levels had the negative correlation with the richness of community (Chao1 index) in the gut. The rats in the HF and HA-HF groups tended to have lower Shannon and Simpson indices than the C group (P < 0.01, respectively). However, there were no significant differences between C group and the HA group in the Shannon and Simpson values. Beta diversity analysis was then performed based on a weighted UniFrac analysis. The PCoA plots showed a clear separation of the C group from the other groups. ANOSIM analysis of variance confirmed that there were statistically significant separations between the C group and the HA, HA-HF, and HF groups (P < 0.01, respectively). These results showed that DHT with HFD could lower diversity of the gut microbial community. Both HFD and DHT could shift the overall gut microbial composition and change the composition of the microbial community in gut. Furthermore, our analyses demonstrated that the levels of TG, MDA, TNF-α, LPS, TLR4, T, FT, FINS, and HDL-C were correlated with the changes of in the gut microbiome. HFD and DHT were associated with the development and pathology of PCOS by shaping gut microbial communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhua Zheng
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jingwei Yu
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chengjie Liang
- Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shuna Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaohui Wen
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yanmei Li
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
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16
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Yang ZH, Amar M, Sorokin AV, Troendle J, Courville AB, Sampson M, Playford MP, Yang S, Stagliano M, Ling C, Donkor K, Shamburek RD, Mehta NN, Remaley AT. Supplementation with saury oil, a fish oil high in omega-11 monounsaturated fatty acids, improves plasma lipids in healthy subjects. J Clin Lipidol 2020; 14:53-65.e2. [PMID: 31784345 PMCID: PMC8336206 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacl.2019.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fish oil enriched in omega-11 long-chain monounsaturated fatty acids (LCMUFAs; C20:1 and C22:1 isomers combined) have shown lipid-lowering and atheroprotective effects in animal models. OBJECTIVE To perform a first-in-human trial of LCMUFA-rich saury fish oil supplementation to test its safety and possible effect on plasma lipids. METHODS A double-blind, randomized, crossover clinical trial was carried out in 30 healthy normolipidemic adults (BMI <25 kg/m2; mean TG, 84 mg/dL). Treatment periods of 8 weeks were separated by an 8-week washout period. Subjects were randomized to receive either 12 g of saury oil (3.5 g of LCMUFA and 3.4 g of omega-3 FAs) or identical capsules with control oil (a mixture of sardine and olive oil; 4.9 g of shorter-chain MUFA oleate and 3 g of omega-3 FAs). RESULTS Saury oil supplementation was safe and resulted in LDL particle counts 12% lower than control oil (P < .001). Saury oil also had a minor effect on increasing HDL particle size (9.8 nm vs 9.7 nm; P < .05) based on a linear mixed effect model. In contrast, control oil, but not saury oil, increased LDL-C by 7.5% compared with baseline (P < .05). Saury oil had similar effects compared with control oil on lowering plasma TG levels, VLDL, and TG-rich lipoprotein particle counts (by ∼16%, 25%, and 35%, respectively; P < .05), and increasing HDL-C and cholesterol efflux capacity (by ∼6% and 8%, respectively; P < .05) compared with baseline. CONCLUSION Saury oil supplementation is well tolerated and has beneficial effects on several cardiovascular parameters, such as LDL particle counts, HDL particle size, and plasma TG levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Hong Yang
- Lipoprotein Metabolism Section, Translational Vascular Medicine Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Marcelo Amar
- Lipoprotein Metabolism Section, Translational Vascular Medicine Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Alexander V Sorokin
- Lipoprotein Metabolism Section, Translational Vascular Medicine Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - James Troendle
- Office of Biostatistics Research, Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, NHLBI, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Maureen Sampson
- Clinical Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Martin P Playford
- Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, Cardiovascular Branch, NHLBI, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Shanna Yang
- Clinical Center, Nutrition Department, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Michael Stagliano
- Lipoprotein Metabolism Section, Translational Vascular Medicine Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Clarence Ling
- Clinical Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kwame Donkor
- Lipoprotein Metabolism Section, Translational Vascular Medicine Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Robert D Shamburek
- Lipoprotein Metabolism Section, Translational Vascular Medicine Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Nehal N Mehta
- Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, Cardiovascular Branch, NHLBI, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Alan T Remaley
- Lipoprotein Metabolism Section, Translational Vascular Medicine Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
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17
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Lu JH, Hsia K, Lin CH, Chen CC, Yang HY, Lin MH. Dietary Supplementation with Hazelnut Oil Reduces Serum Hyperlipidemia and Ameliorates the Progression of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Hamsters Fed a High-Cholesterol Diet. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11092224. [PMID: 31540081 PMCID: PMC6770627 DOI: 10.3390/nu11092224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Revised: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: Hazelnut oil (HO) is rich in monounsaturated fatty acids and polyunsaturated fatty acids. This study intended to analyze the effects of hazelnut oil supplementation on the serum lipid profile and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in hamsters fed a high-cholesterol (HC) diet. Methods: Hamsters were fed a basic diet (control group) and an HC diet (HC group) for 16 weeks (n = 10 in each group). Hamsters were fed an HC diet for four weeks to induce hyperlipidemia and were then fed an HC diet enriched with 5% (low-dose HC + HO group; n = 10) and 10% HO (high-dose HC + HO group; n = 10) for 12 weeks. Serum lipid levels, hepatic changes (including steatosis, inflammation, and fibrosis), and hepatic prooxidant-antioxidant status (malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and glutathione S-transferase (GST)) were evaluated after the treatment period. Results: Hamsters in the control group showed normal serum lipid profiles, normal liver function, and moderate glycogen storage without hepatic steatosis. Hamsters in the HC group showed severe hyperlipidemia, severe hepatic steatosis, and moderate steatohepatitis (mononuclear cell and neutrophil infiltration, oval cell hyperplasia, and fibrosis). Compared to the HC group, both the low-dose and the high-dose HC + HO groups showed a significant reduction of hyperlipidemia (serum triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and very-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C levels)) and improved liver function (serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT) and serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT)). Additionally, compared to the HC group, intrahepatic triglyceride accumulation (IHTC) was significantly higher in the HC + HO group, while the incidence of steatohepatitis was significantly lower. The intake of the HC diet was associated with a higher level of lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde, MDA) and a lower concentration of hepatic antioxidant enzymes (SOD, GPx, and GST), and all these factors were partially improved in the low-dose and high-dose HC + HO groups. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that the intake of HO reduced serum hyperlipidemia and oxidative stress and ameliorated the progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in hamsters fed a high-cholesterol diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jen-Her Lu
- Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan.
- Department of Pediatrics and Surgery, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan.
| | - Kai Hsia
- Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan.
- Department of Pediatrics and Surgery, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan.
| | - Chih-Hsun Lin
- Department of Pediatrics and Surgery, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan.
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan.
| | - Chien-Chin Chen
- Department of Pathology, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chiayi 600, Taiwan.
- Department of Cosmetic Science, Chia-Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan 717, Taiwan.
| | - Hsin-Yu Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan.
- Department of Pediatrics and Surgery, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan.
| | - Ming-Huei Lin
- Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan.
- Department of Pediatrics and Surgery, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan.
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18
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Julibert A, Bibiloni MDM, Bouzas C, Martínez-González MÁ, Salas-Salvadó J, Corella D, Zomeño MD, Romaguera D, Vioque J, Alonso-Gómez ÁM, Wärnberg J, Martínez JA, Serra-Majem L, Estruch R, Tinahones FJ, Lapetra J, Pintó X, Lopez-Miranda J, García-Molina L, Gaforio JJ, Matía-Martín P, Daimiel L, Martín-Sánchez V, Vidal J, Vázquez C, Ros E, Toledo E, Becerra-Tomás N, Pórtoles O, Pérez-Vega KA, Fiol M, Torres-Collado L, Tojal-Sierra L, Carabaño-Moral R, Abete I, Sanchez-Villegas A, Casas R, Bernal-López MR, Santos-Lozano JM, Galera A, Ugarriza L, Ruiz-Canela M, Babio N, Coltell O, Schröder H, Konieczna J, Orozco-Beltrán D, Sorto-Sánchez C, Eguaras S, Barrubés L, Fitó M, Tur JA. Total and Subtypes of Dietary Fat Intake and Its Association with Components of the Metabolic Syndrome in a Mediterranean Population at High Cardiovascular Risk. Nutrients 2019; 11:E1493. [PMID: 31261967 PMCID: PMC6682917 DOI: 10.3390/nu11071493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 06/23/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The effect of dietary fat intake on the metabolic syndrome (MetS) and in turn on cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains unclear in individuals at high CVD risk. Objective: To assess the association between fat intake and MetS components in an adult Mediterranean population at high CVD risk. Design: Baseline assessment of nutritional adequacy in participants (n = 6560, men and women, 55-75 years old, with overweight/obesity and MetS) in the PREvención con DIeta MEDiterránea (PREDIMED)-Plus randomized trial. Methods: Assessment of fat intake (total fat, monounsatured fatty acids: MUFA, polyunsaturated fatty acids: PUFA, saturated fatty acids: SFA, trans-fatty acids: trans-FA, linoleic acid, α-linolenic acid, and ω-3 FA) using a validated food frequency questionnaire, and diet quality using 17-item Mediterranean dietary questionnaire and fat quality index (FQI). Results: Participants in the highest quintile of total dietary fat intake showed lower intake of energy, carbohydrates, protein and fiber, but higher intake of PUFA, MUFA, SFA, TFA, LA, ALA and ω-3 FA. Differences in MetS components were found according to fat intake. Odds (5th vs. 1st quintile): hyperglycemia: 1.3-1.6 times higher for total fat, MUFA, SFA and ω-3 FA intake; low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c): 1.2 higher for LA; hypertriglyceridemia: 0.7 lower for SFA and ω-3 FA intake. Conclusions: Dietary fats played different role on MetS components of high CVD risk patients. Dietary fat intake was associated with higher risk of hyperglycemia.
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Grants
- PI13/00673, PI13/00492, PI13/00272, PI13/01123, PI13/00462, PI13/00233, PI13/02184, PI13/00728, PI13/01090, PI13/01056, PI14/01722, PI14/00636, PI14/00618, PI14/00696, PI14/01206, PI14/01919, PI14/00853, PI14/01374, PI16/00473, PI16/00662, PI16/01873, PI1 Instituto de Salud Carlos III
- CIBEROBN Instituto de Salud Carlos III
- Advanced Research Grant 2013-2018; 340918 European Research Council
- 2013ACUP00194 Recercaixa
- PI0458/2013; PS0358/2016; PI0137/2018 Consejería de Salud de la Junta de Andalucía
- PROMETEO/2017/017 Generalitat Valenciana
- no ref. SEMERGEN grant
- no ref. FEDER funds
- 201302 ISCIII. International Nut & Dried Fruit Council - FESNAD
- 35/2011 Balearic Islands Gov
- CA16112 European Cooperation in Science and Technology
- 201630.10 Fundació La Marató TV3
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia Julibert
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Research Group on Community Nutrition & Oxidative Stress, University of Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
- Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Maria Del Mar Bibiloni
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Research Group on Community Nutrition & Oxidative Stress, University of Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
- Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Cristina Bouzas
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Research Group on Community Nutrition & Oxidative Stress, University of Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
- Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Miguel Ángel Martínez-González
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, IdISNA, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jordi Salas-Salvadó
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Human Nutrition Unit, Biochemistry and Biotechnology Department, IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43201 Reus, Spain
| | - Dolores Corella
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Valencia, 46100 Valencia, Spain
| | - Maria Dolors Zomeño
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Unit of Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition, Institut Hospital del Mar de Investigaciones Médicas Municipal d'Investigació Mèdica (IMIM), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Dora Romaguera
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Jesús Vioque
- Miguel Hernández University, ISABIAL-FISABIO, 46020 Alicante, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ángel M Alonso-Gómez
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Cardiology, OSI ARABA, University Hospital Araba, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 01009 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Julia Wärnberg
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, University of Málaga-IBIMA, 29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - J Alfredo Martínez
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences, and Physiology, Center for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Cardiometabolics Nutrition Group, IMDEA Food, CEI UAM + CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Luís Serra-Majem
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Institute for Biomedical Research, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Ramon Estruch
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Internal Medicine, IDIBAPS, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francisco J Tinahones
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Virgen de la Victoria Hospital, Department of Endocrinology, University of Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain
| | - José Lapetra
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Family Medicine, Research Unit, Distrito Sanitario Atención Primaria Sevilla, 41013 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Xavier Pintó
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Lipids and Vascular Risk Unit, Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario de Bellvitge, Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907 Barcelona, Spain
| | - José Lopez-Miranda
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain
| | - Laura García-Molina
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - José Juan Gaforio
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Jaen, 23071 Jaen, Spain
| | - Pilar Matía-Martín
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Lidia Daimiel
- Nutritional Genomics and Epigenomics Group, IMDEA Food, CEI UAM + CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Vicente Martín-Sánchez
- CIBER Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), University of León, 24071 León, Spain
| | - Josep Vidal
- Department of Endocrinology, IDIBAPS, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Clotilde Vázquez
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Endocrinology, Fundación Jiménez-Díaz, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Emili Ros
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Lipid Clinic, Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Estefanía Toledo
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, IdISNA, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Nerea Becerra-Tomás
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Human Nutrition Unit, Biochemistry and Biotechnology Department, IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43201 Reus, Spain
| | - Olga Pórtoles
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Valencia, 46100 Valencia, Spain
| | - Karla A Pérez-Vega
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Unit of Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition, Institut Hospital del Mar de Investigaciones Médicas Municipal d'Investigació Mèdica (IMIM), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miquel Fiol
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Laura Torres-Collado
- Miguel Hernández University, ISABIAL-FISABIO, 46020 Alicante, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Lucas Tojal-Sierra
- Research Group on Community Nutrition & Oxidative Stress, University of Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
- Department of Cardiology, OSI ARABA, University Hospital Araba, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 01009 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Rosa Carabaño-Moral
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Arroyo de la Miel. Distrito de Atención Primaria Costa del Sol, Servicio Andaluz de Salud, 29630 Benalmádena, Spain
| | - Itziar Abete
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences, and Physiology, Center for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Almudena Sanchez-Villegas
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Institute for Biomedical Research, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Rosa Casas
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Internal Medicine, IDIBAPS, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - María Rosa Bernal-López
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Virgen de la Victoria Hospital, Department of Endocrinology, University of Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain
| | - José Manuel Santos-Lozano
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Family Medicine, Research Unit, Distrito Sanitario Atención Primaria Sevilla, 41013 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Ana Galera
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Lipids and Vascular Risk Unit, Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario de Bellvitge, Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lucía Ugarriza
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Research Group on Community Nutrition & Oxidative Stress, University of Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
- Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Miguel Ruiz-Canela
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, IdISNA, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Nancy Babio
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Human Nutrition Unit, Biochemistry and Biotechnology Department, IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43201 Reus, Spain
| | - Oscar Coltell
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Computer Languages and Systems. Universitat Jaume I, 12071 Castellon, Spain
| | - Helmut Schröder
- Unit of Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition, Institut Hospital del Mar de Investigaciones Médicas Municipal d'Investigació Mèdica (IMIM), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jadwiga Konieczna
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Domingo Orozco-Beltrán
- Miguel Hernández University, ISABIAL-FISABIO, 46020 Alicante, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Carolina Sorto-Sánchez
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Cardiology, OSI ARABA, University Hospital Araba, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 01009 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Sonia Eguaras
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, IdISNA, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Laura Barrubés
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Human Nutrition Unit, Biochemistry and Biotechnology Department, IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43201 Reus, Spain
| | - Montserrat Fitó
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Unit of Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition, Institut Hospital del Mar de Investigaciones Médicas Municipal d'Investigació Mèdica (IMIM), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep A Tur
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Research Group on Community Nutrition & Oxidative Stress, University of Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
- Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
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Prasetya G, Sapwarobol S. Intermittent Fasting During Ramadan Improves Insulin Sensitivity and Anthropometric Parameters in Healthy Young Muslim Men. Am J Lifestyle Med 2018; 15:200-206. [PMID: 33786036 DOI: 10.1177/1559827618815430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Revised: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The current study aimed to determine the effect of fasting during Ramadan on the metabolic profile, anthropometry, and serum leptin and adiponectin concentrations. Anthropometry and blood samples were examined at 2 phases: baseline (within 3 days of the start of the Ramadan fast) and end-line (in the last 3 days before the end of the Ramadan fast) in 27 healthy Muslim male participants who completed Ramadan fasting. Results demonstrate reductions in body weight (P < .001), body mass index (P < .001), fat mass (P = .003), muscle mass (P = .004), and waist circumference (P < .001) following reductions in energy intake (P = .003). Insulin sensitivity was improved. Serum insulin concentration and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance decreased significantly (P = .005 and P = .009). No significant change in fasting plasma glucose was observed. Correlation coefficients showed a significant correlation between the percentage changes in body weight and percentage changes in serum leptin concentration (r = 0.412; P = .037). These results demonstrate that intermittent fasting during Ramadan leads to beneficial effects by improving insulin sensitivity. It also resulted in a beneficial effect on weight and fat loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guntari Prasetya
- Food and Nutrition Program (GP), Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Department of Nutrition and Dietetics (SS), Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Suwimol Sapwarobol
- Food and Nutrition Program (GP), Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Department of Nutrition and Dietetics (SS), Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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20
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Jin H, Nicodemus-Johnson J. Gender and Age Stratified Analyses of Nutrient and Dietary Pattern Associations with Circulating Lipid Levels Identify Novel Gender and Age-Specific Correlations. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10111760. [PMID: 30441803 PMCID: PMC6265871 DOI: 10.3390/nu10111760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Revised: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Dyslipidemia is a precursor to a myriad of cardiovascular diseases in the modern world. Age, gender, and diet are known modifiers of lipid levels, however they are not frequently investigated in subset analyses. Food and nutrient intakes from National Health and Nutrition Examination Study 2001–2013 were used to assess the correlation between lipid levels (high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, and total cholesterol (TC):HDL cholesterol ratio) and nutritional intake using linear regression. Associations were initially stratified by gender and significant gender correlations were further stratified by age. Analyses were performed at both the dietary pattern and nutrient level. Dietary pattern and fat intake correlations agreed with the literature in direction and did not demonstrate gender or age effects; however, we observed gender and age interactions among other dietary patterns and individual nutrients. These effects were independent of ethnicity, caloric intake, socioeconomic status, and physical activity. Elevated HDL cholesterol levels correlated with increasing vitamin and mineral intake in females of child bearing age but not males or older females (≥65 years). Moreover, increases in magnesium and retinol intake correlated with HDL cholesterol improvement only in females (all age groups) and males (35–64), respectively. Finally, a large amount of gender-specific variation was associated with TG levels. Females demonstrated positive associations with sugar and carbohydrate while males show inverse associations with polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) intake. The female-specific association increased with the ratio of carbohydrate: saturated fatty acid (SFA) intake, suggesting that gender specific dietary habits may underlie the observed TG-nutrient correlations. Our study provides evidence that a subset of previously established nutrient-lipid associations may be gender or age-specific. Such discoveries provide potential new avenues for further research into personalized nutritional approaches to treat dyslipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huifeng Jin
- Research and Development, USANA Health Sciences, Inc. 3838 W. Parkway Blvd., West Valley City, UT 84120, USA.
| | - Jessie Nicodemus-Johnson
- Research and Development, USANA Health Sciences, Inc. 3838 W. Parkway Blvd., West Valley City, UT 84120, USA.
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21
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El-Ashmawy NE, Al-Ashmawy GM, Kamel AA. Docosahexaenoic acid-flurbiprofen combination ameliorates metaflammation in rats fed on high-carbohydrate high-fat diet. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 109:233-241. [PMID: 30396081 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.10.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2018] [Revised: 10/07/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Potential benefits of combining docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), an omega-3 fatty acid with flurbiprofen (Flu), a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug in ameliorating obesity remain to be elucidated. This study aimed to investigate the possible protective effects of DHA and Flu, either alone or in combination, against obesity-induced metaflammation and to clarify the underlying molecular mechanisms. METHODS Seventy-five male Wistar rats were divided into five groups: normal diet (ND) group, high-carbohydrate high-fat diet (HCHFD) control group, DHA group (HCHFD + 200 mg/kg DHA), Flu group (HCHFD + 10 mg/kg Flu), and DHA + Flu group (HCHFD + DHA + Flu). Treatments were administered orally daily for 8 consecutive weeks, parallel with the start of diets. RESULTS Plasma levels of glucose, insulin, and TGs were significantly reduced in DHA, Flu, and DHA + Flu treated groups, while HDL-C concentrations were significantly elevated in the same groups, compared to HCHFD control group. Only Flu and DHA + Flu groups showed a significant decrease in plasma levels of leptin, TC, and LDL-C, relative to HCHFD control group. Concentrations of phosphorylated adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (pAMPK) and resolvin D1 (RvD1) in epididymal adipose tissue (EAT) were significantly increased in the three treated groups, compared with HCHFD control group. Expression of AMPK-α1 subunit in EAT was significantly increased, whereas expression of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) was significantly decreased in EAT of the three treated groups, relative to HCHFD control group. CONCLUSIONS Docosahexaenoic acid-flurbiprofen combination showed an ameliorative effect on obesity-associated metaflammation and its consequences in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahla E El-Ashmawy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Postal Code: 31527, Egypt.
| | - Ghada M Al-Ashmawy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Postal Code: 31527, Egypt.
| | - Asmaa A Kamel
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Postal Code: 31527, Egypt.
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22
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Yanai H, Masui Y, Katsuyama H, Adachi H, Kawaguchi A, Hakoshima M, Waragai Y, Harigae T, Sako A. An Improvement of Cardiovascular Risk Factors by Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids. J Clin Med Res 2018; 10:281-289. [PMID: 29511415 PMCID: PMC5827911 DOI: 10.14740/jocmr3362w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
An epidemiological survey in the Northwest Greenland reported that the Greenlanders have a lower frequency of acute myocardial infarction and diabetes mellitus. The very low incidence of ischemic heart disease in the Greenlanders was explained by consumption of a diet rich in omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). Possible anti-atherothrombotic effects of omega-3 PUFA include an improvement of lipid metabolism such as a reduction of triglyceride and an increase of high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), and glucose metabolism, anti-platelet activity, anti-inflammatory effects, an improvement of endothelial function and stabilization of atherosclerotic plaque. The present study reviews an improvement of cardiovascular risk factors such as dyslipidemia and diabetes due to consumption of omega-3 PUFA. A sufficient number of studies suggest that omega-3 PUFA supplementation reduces serum triglyceride and increases HDL-cholesterol. The mechanisms for omega-3 PUFA-mediated improvements of lipid metabolism have been partially elucidated. The studies using experimental animals, part of trials in humans, have shown the beneficial effects of omega-3 PUFA on glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity. The meta-analysis showed that omega-3 PUFA might prevent development of diabetes in part of population. Further studies should be performed to elucidate the association of omega-3 PUFA supplementation with diabetes, in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidekatsu Yanai
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Kohnodai Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Masui
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Kohnodai Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hisayuki Katsuyama
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Kohnodai Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hiroki Adachi
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Kohnodai Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Akiko Kawaguchi
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Kohnodai Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Mariko Hakoshima
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Kohnodai Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yoko Waragai
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Kohnodai Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Tadanao Harigae
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Kohnodai Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Akahito Sako
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Kohnodai Hospital, Chiba, Japan
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23
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Dietary Patterns in Relation to Metabolic Syndrome among Adults in Poland: A Cross-Sectional Study. Nutrients 2017; 9:nu9121366. [PMID: 29258212 PMCID: PMC5748816 DOI: 10.3390/nu9121366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Revised: 12/09/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In several populations the associations between diet and the risk of metabolic syndrome have not been fully examined yet. The aim of the study is to identify the main dietary patterns among Polish adults and the evaluation of the relationships of these patterns with metabolic syndrome and its components. The study was conducted on a group of 7997 participants, aged between 37 and 66 years old. Dietary patterns were identified by factor analysis. Metabolic syndrome was defined according to the International Diabetes Federation. Three dietary patterns were identified and designated as: "Healthy", "Westernized" and "Traditional-carbohydrate". In the adjusted model, a higher score in the "Westernized" pattern aligns with a higher risk of abnormal glucose concentration (ptrend = 0.000), but with a lower risk of abnormal High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol HDL-cholesterol concentration (ptrend = 0.024). Higher scores in the "Traditional-carbohydrate" pattern were connected with the risk of abdominal obesity (ptrend = 0.001) and increased triglycerides concentration (ptrend = 0.050). Our results suggest that adherence to the "Traditional-carbohydrate" dietary pattern, characterized by higher intakes of refined grains, potatoes, sugar and sweets is associated with a higher risk of abdominal obesity and triglyceridemia. A "Westernized" dietary pattern on the other hand, is related to hyperglycemia. The study results can be used for community-based health promotion and intervention programs to prevent or better manage chronic diseases.
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24
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Dumont J, Goumidi L, Grenier-Boley B, Cottel D, Marécaux N, Montaye M, Wagner A, Arveiler D, Simon C, Ferrières J, Ruidavets JB, Amouyel P, Dallongeville J, Meirhaeghe A. Dietary linoleic acid interacts with FADS1 genetic variability to modulate HDL-cholesterol and obesity-related traits. Clin Nutr 2017; 37:1683-1689. [PMID: 28774683 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2017.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Revised: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Blood levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are under control of endogenous synthesis via Δ5- and Δ6-desaturases, encoded by the FADS1 and FADS2 genes, respectively and of diet. Genome-wide associations studies (GWAS) reported associations between polymorphisms in FADS1-FADS2 and variations in plasma concentrations of PUFAs, HDL- and LDL-cholesterol and triglycerides. However, it is not established whether dietary PUFAs intake modulates these associations. We assessed whether dietary linoleic acid (LA) or α-linolenic acid (ALA) modulate the association between the FADS1 rs174547 polymorphism (a GWAS hit) and lipid and anthropometric phenotypes. METHODS Dietary intakes of LA and ALA, FADS1 rs174547 genotypes, lipid and anthropometric variables were determined in three French population-based samples (n = 3069). These samples were stratified according to the median dietary LA (<9.5 and ≥9.5 g/d) and ALA (<0.80 and ≥0.80 g/d) intakes. The meta-analysis was performed using a random-effect. RESULTS Our meta-analysis confirmed the association between rs174547 and plasma lipid levels and revealed an association with waist circumference and body mass index. These associations were not modified by dietary ALA intake (all p-interaction > 0.05). In contrast, the associations with HDL-cholesterol levels, waist circumference and BMI were modulated by the dietary intake of LA (p interaction < 0.05). In high LA consumers only, the rs174547 minor allele was significantly associated with lower HDL-cholesterol levels (β = -0.05 mmol/L, p = 0.0002). Furthermore, each copy of the rs174547 minor allele was associated with a 1.58 cm lower waist circumference (p = 0.0005) and a 0.46 kg m-2 lower BMI (p = 0.01) in the low LA intake group, but not in the high LA intake group. CONCLUSIONS The present study suggests that dietary LA intake may modulate the association between the FADS gene variants and HDL-cholesterol concentration, waist circumference and BMI. These gene-nutrient interactions, if confirmed, suggest that subjects carrying the rs174547 minor allele might benefit from low dietary LA intakes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Dumont
- Univ. Lille, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1167, RID-AGE, Facteurs de Risque et Déterminants Moléculaires des Maladies Liées Au Vieillissement, F-59000 Lille, France.
| | - Louisa Goumidi
- Univ. Lille, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1167, RID-AGE, Facteurs de Risque et Déterminants Moléculaires des Maladies Liées Au Vieillissement, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Benjamin Grenier-Boley
- Univ. Lille, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1167, RID-AGE, Facteurs de Risque et Déterminants Moléculaires des Maladies Liées Au Vieillissement, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Dominique Cottel
- Univ. Lille, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1167, RID-AGE, Facteurs de Risque et Déterminants Moléculaires des Maladies Liées Au Vieillissement, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Nadine Marécaux
- Univ. Lille, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1167, RID-AGE, Facteurs de Risque et Déterminants Moléculaires des Maladies Liées Au Vieillissement, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Michèle Montaye
- Univ. Lille, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1167, RID-AGE, Facteurs de Risque et Déterminants Moléculaires des Maladies Liées Au Vieillissement, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Aline Wagner
- Laboratoire d'Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg, EA 3430, F-67200 Strasbourg, France
| | - Dominique Arveiler
- Laboratoire d'Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg, EA 3430, F-67200 Strasbourg, France
| | - Chantal Simon
- CarMen, INSERM 1060, University Lyon 1, INRA U1235, CRNH Rhônes-Alpes, F-69600 Lyon, France
| | - Jean Ferrières
- UMR INSERM 1027, Département d'Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse Purpan, F-31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Jean-Bernard Ruidavets
- UMR INSERM 1027, Département d'Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse Purpan, F-31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Philippe Amouyel
- Univ. Lille, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1167, RID-AGE, Facteurs de Risque et Déterminants Moléculaires des Maladies Liées Au Vieillissement, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Jean Dallongeville
- Univ. Lille, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1167, RID-AGE, Facteurs de Risque et Déterminants Moléculaires des Maladies Liées Au Vieillissement, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Aline Meirhaeghe
- Univ. Lille, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1167, RID-AGE, Facteurs de Risque et Déterminants Moléculaires des Maladies Liées Au Vieillissement, F-59000 Lille, France
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Effect of dietary supplementation with olive and sunflower oils on lipid profile and liver histology in rats fed high cholesterol diet. ASIAN PAC J TROP MED 2017; 10:539-543. [PMID: 28756916 DOI: 10.1016/j.apjtm.2017.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2017] [Revised: 04/13/2017] [Accepted: 05/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the effects of high-monounsaturated (MUFA) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) against the metabolic disorders elicited by a high-cholesterol diet (HC) in rats. METHODS Using in vivo dietary manipulation, rats were fed with different diets containing 4% soybean oil (cholesterol free diet) and 1% HC containing 12% olive oil (HC + OO) enriched with MUFA and 12% sunflower oil (HC + SO) enriched with PUFA for 60 d. Serum lipid levels and hepatic steatosis were evaluated after the treatment period. RESULTS Comparatively, rats treated with HC + OO diet experienced a decrease in the serum LDL-C, VLDL-C and CT levels compared to those fed with HC + SO diet (P < 0.05). Otherwise, HC + OO provoked significant microvesicular steatosis situated in the hepatic acinar zone 1. CONCLUSIONS HC + OO diet has high absorption velocity in the acinar zone 1 of liver compared to the HC + SO diet. Based on this, the reduction of the LDL-C, VLDL-C and CT serum levels in the animals treated with HC + OO diet may have been caused by the delay in the FA release to the blood.
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Jordania da Silva V, Dias SRC, Maioli TU, Serafim LR, Furtado LFV, Quintão Silva MDG, Faria AMCD, Rabelo ÉML. Obesity induction in hamster that mimics the human clinical condition. Exp Anim 2017; 66:235-244. [PMID: 28367889 PMCID: PMC5543244 DOI: 10.1538/expanim.17-0009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Although obesity is well established in hamsters, studies using diets with high levels of
simple carbohydrate associated with lipids are necessary to assess the impact of this type
of food in the body. In this study a high sugar and butter diet (HSB) and high temperature
were employed towards this end. Obesity was successfully induced at a temperature of
30.3°C to 30.9°C after 38 days feeding the animals an HSB diet. It was shown that although
diet is important for the induction of obesity, temperature is also essential because at a
temperature slightly below the one required, obesity was not induced, even when the
animals were fed for a longer period (150 days).The obese clinical condition was
accompanied by biochemical and hematological changes, as increased cholesterol and
triglyceride levels and increased leukocyte numbers, similar to alterations observed in
obese humans. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that increasing the intake of simple
carbohydrates associated with lipids provided evidence of inflammation in obese
animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivian Jordania da Silva
- Molecular Parasitology Laboratory, Parasitology Department, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais. Antônio Carlos Ave, 6627, Pampulha. CEP 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.,Center University UNA, Guajajaras St, 175, Center. CEP 30180-100, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Sílvia Regina Costa Dias
- Molecular Parasitology Laboratory, Parasitology Department, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais. Antônio Carlos Ave, 6627, Pampulha. CEP 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.,Center University Estácio Juiz de Fora, Av. Presidente João Goulart, 600, Cruzeiro do Sul. CEP 36030-900. Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Tatiani Uceli Maioli
- Nutrition Department, Nursering School, Federal University of Minas Gerais. Alfredo Balena Ave, 190, Santa Efigênia, CEP 30130-100
| | - Luciana Ribeiro Serafim
- Molecular Parasitology Laboratory, Parasitology Department, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais. Antônio Carlos Ave, 6627, Pampulha. CEP 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Luis Fernando Viana Furtado
- Molecular Parasitology Laboratory, Parasitology Department, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais. Antônio Carlos Ave, 6627, Pampulha. CEP 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Ana Maria Caetano de Faria
- Biochemistry and Immunology Department, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Antônio Carlos Ave, 6627, Pampulha. CEP 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Élida Mara Leite Rabelo
- Molecular Parasitology Laboratory, Parasitology Department, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais. Antônio Carlos Ave, 6627, Pampulha. CEP 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Tørris C, Molin M, Småstuen MC. Lean Fish Consumption Is Associated with Beneficial Changes in the Metabolic Syndrome Components: A 13-Year Follow-Up Study from the Norwegian Tromsø Study. Nutrients 2017; 9:nu9030247. [PMID: 28282859 PMCID: PMC5372910 DOI: 10.3390/nu9030247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Revised: 02/07/2017] [Accepted: 03/02/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fish consumption may have beneficial effects on metabolic syndrome (MetS); however, limited information of such associations exists. This study investigated possible associations between fish consumption and changes in MetS components during a 13-year follow-up period. METHODS The sample included participants (26-69 years) from the Tromsø Study 4 (1994-1995, n = 23,907) and Tromsø Study 6 (2007-2008, n = 12,981). Data were collected using questionnaires including food frequency questions, non-fasting blood samples, and physical examinations. MetS was defined using the Joint Interim Societies (JIS) definition, in which one point was given for each MetS criteria fulfilled (metabolic score). Longitudinal analyses were performed using Linear mixed models. RESULTS For both genders, lean fish consumption once a week or more was significantly associated with decreased future metabolic score, decreased triglycerides, and increased high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol, whereas decreased waist circumference and blood pressure was identified only for men (age adjusted models). Fatty fish consumption was significantly associated with increased waist circumference for both genders and increased HDL-cholesterol levels in men. Conclusion: The results suggest that fatty and lean fish consumption may influence MetS differently and that lean fish consumption in particular seems to be associated with beneficial changes in the MetS components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Tørris
- Oslo and Akershus University College of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, NO-0130 Oslo, Norway.
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Blindern, NO-0317 Oslo, Norway.
| | - Marianne Molin
- Oslo and Akershus University College of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, NO-0130 Oslo, Norway.
- Bjorknes University College, NO-0456 Oslo, Norway.
| | - Milada Cvancarova Småstuen
- Oslo and Akershus University College of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, NO-0130 Oslo, Norway.
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28
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Differences in the interaction between CETP Taq1B polymorphism and dietary fat intake on lipid profile of normolipedemic and dyslipidemic patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Clin Nutr 2016; 37:270-275. [PMID: 28065481 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2016.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2015] [Revised: 09/23/2016] [Accepted: 12/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIM Dyslipidemia is one of the major complications in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Dietary fat intake and genetic factors including CETP Taq1B polymorphism could also affect lipid profile concentrations, in particular HDL-c. We decided to study the frequency of this polymorphism and its interaction with dietary fat intake on HDL-c concentration among Iranian T2DM patients with and without dyslipidemia. METHODS In this comparative study, serum samples were collected from 55 patients with dyslipidemia and 129 patients without dyslipidemia. Validated semi-quantitative FFQ was used for food consumption data. CETP Taq1B polymorphism was studied by polymerase chain reaction-restriction length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). We used χ2 and two-way ANOVA tests for statistical analysis. RESULTS The frequency of B1B1 genotype was higher in patients with dyslipidemia (p = 0.01). There was no significant relationship between CETP Taq1B polymorphism and lipid profile concentrations. In patients without dyslipidemia, the interaction between the polymorphism and total fat intake on HDL-c concentration as well as TG/HDL ratio was significant (p = 0.02 and p = 0.009 respectively). This was more evident in B1B1 genotype. Moreover, HDL-c concentration was significantly higher in B2B2 genotype with low total fat intake. CONCLUSION Higher total fat intake may affect the relationship between CETP Taq1B polymorphism and HDL-c concentration in patients with normolipidemic T2DM.
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29
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Yang ZH, Emma-Okon B, Remaley AT. Dietary marine-derived long-chain monounsaturated fatty acids and cardiovascular disease risk: a mini review. Lipids Health Dis 2016; 15:201. [PMID: 27876051 PMCID: PMC5120510 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-016-0366-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2016] [Accepted: 11/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Regular fish/fish oil consumption is widely recommended for protection against cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Fish and other marine life are rich sources of the cardioprotective long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) eicosapentaenoic acid (C20:5 n-3; EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (C22:6 n-3; DHA). The lipid content and fatty acid profile of fish, however, vary greatly among different fish species. In addition to n-3 PUFA, certain fish, such as saury, pollock, and herring, also contain high levels of long-chain monounsaturated fatty acids (LCMUFA), with aliphatic tails longer than 18 C atoms (i.e., C20:1 and C22:1 isomers). Compared with well-studied n-3 PUFA, limited information, however, is available on the health benefits of marine-derived LCMUFA, particularly in regard to CVD. Our objective in this review is to summarize the current knowledge and provide perspective on the potential therapeutic value of dietary LCMUFA-rich marine oil for improving CVD risk factors. We will also review the possible mechanisms of LCMUFA action on target tissues. Finally, we describe the epidemiologic data and small-scaled clinical studies that have been done on marine oils enriched in LCMUFA. Although there are still many unanswered questions about LCMUFA, this appears to be promising new area of research that may lead to new insights into the health benefits of a different component of fish oils besides n-3 PUFA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Hong Yang
- Lipoprotein Metabolism Section, Cardio-Pulmonary Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, 20892-1666, USA.,Central Research Laboratory, Tokyo Innovation Center, Nippon Suisan Kaisha, 32-3 Nanakuni 1 Chome Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0991, Japan
| | - Beatrice Emma-Okon
- Lipoprotein Metabolism Section, Cardio-Pulmonary Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, 20892-1666, USA
| | - Alan T Remaley
- Lipoprotein Metabolism Section, Cardio-Pulmonary Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, 20892-1666, USA.
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Effects of long-term supplementation of policosanol on blood cholesterol/glucose levels and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme a reductase activity in a rat model fed high cholesterol diets. Food Sci Biotechnol 2016; 25:899-904. [PMID: 30263351 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-016-0147-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2016] [Revised: 03/03/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Policosanol is a well-defined nutraceutical for the management of blood cholesterol levels. The present study examined (i) the effect of policosanol supplementation on blood cholesterol and glucose levels and (ii) changes in hepatic cholesterol biosynthesis using 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase (HMG-CoA reductase) activity in Wistar rats fed high cholesterol diets. The Wistar rats were assigned randomly to high-cholesterol diets (1.25% cholesterol) with or without policosanol (8.0 mg/kg body weight) for 6 weeks. Compared with the control group, dietary treatment with policosanol resulted in a significant decrease of blood cholesterol (p<0.01), blood glucose (p<0.01), triglyceride (p<0.001), and low density lipoprotein-cholesterol levels (p<0.01) and HMG-CoA reductase activity (p<0.001) in the liver. These results indicate that policosanol decreases blood cholesterol levels by suppressing cholesterol biosynthesis via decrease of HMG-CoA activity. Policosanol has the potential to be developed into an effective dietary strategy for both postprandial hyperglycemia and hypercholesterolemia.
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Bhardwaj S, Passi SJ, Misra A, Pant KK, Anwar K, Pandey RM, Kardam V. Effect of heating/reheating of fats/oils, as used by Asian Indians, on trans fatty acid formation. Food Chem 2016; 212:663-70. [PMID: 27374582 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2015] [Revised: 06/01/2016] [Accepted: 06/07/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Heating/frying and reuse of edible fats/oils induces chemical changes such as formation of trans fatty acids (TFAs). The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of heating/frying on formation of TFAs in fats/oils. Using gas chromatography with flame ionisation detector, TFA was estimated in six commonly used fat/oils in India (refined soybean oil, groundnut oil, olive oil, rapeseed oil, clarified butter, partially hydrogenated vegetable oil), before and after subjecting them to heating/frying at 180°C and 220°C. All six fats/oils subjected to heating/frying demonstrated an increase in TFAs (p<0.001), saturated fatty acids (p<0.001) and decrease in cis-unsaturated fatty acids (p<0.001). The absolute increase in TFA content of edible oils (after subjecting to heating/reheating) ranged between 2.30±0.89g/100g and 4.5±1.43g/100g; amongst edible fats it ranged between 2.60±0.38g/100g and 5.96±1.94g/100g. There were no significant differences between the two treatment groups (heating and frying; p=0.892). Considering the undesirable health effects of TFA, appropriate guidelines for heating/re-frying of edible fats/oils by Asian Indians should be devised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swati Bhardwaj
- National Diabetes, Obesity and Cholesterol Foundation (N-DOC), C 6/57, SDA, New Delhi 110016, India; Diabetes Foundation (India), C 6/57, SDA, New Delhi 110016, India; Center of Nutrition and Metabolic Research (C-NET), New Delhi 110016, India; Institute of Home Economics, University of Delhi, F-4, Hauz Khas Enclave, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Santosh Jain Passi
- Institute of Home Economics, University of Delhi, F-4, Hauz Khas Enclave, New Delhi 110016, India; Public Health Nutrition Div, LSTech Ventures Pvt Ltd., New Delhi, India
| | - Anoop Misra
- National Diabetes, Obesity and Cholesterol Foundation (N-DOC), C 6/57, SDA, New Delhi 110016, India; Diabetes Foundation (India), C 6/57, SDA, New Delhi 110016, India; Center of Nutrition and Metabolic Research (C-NET), New Delhi 110016, India; Fortis C-DOC Center for Excellence for Diabetes, Metabolic Diseases and Endocrinology, B-16, Chirag Enclave, Nehru Place, New Delhi 110048, India.
| | - Kamal K Pant
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Khalid Anwar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - R M Pandey
- Department of Biostatistics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Vikas Kardam
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
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Le T, Flatt SW, Natarajan L, Pakiz B, Quintana EL, Heath DD, Rana BK, Rock CL. Effects of Diet Composition and Insulin Resistance Status on Plasma Lipid Levels in a Weight Loss Intervention in Women. J Am Heart Assoc 2016; 5:e002771. [PMID: 26811166 PMCID: PMC4859396 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.115.002771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2015] [Accepted: 12/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Optimal macronutrient distribution of weight loss diets has not been established. The distribution of energy from carbohydrate and fat has been observed to promote differential plasma lipid responses in previous weight loss studies, and insulin resistance status may interact with diet composition and affect weight loss and lipid responses. METHODS AND RESULTS Overweight and obese women (n=245) were enrolled in a 1-year behavioral weight loss intervention and randomly assigned to 1 of 3 study groups: a lower fat (20% energy), higher carbohydrate (65% energy) diet; a lower carbohydrate (45% energy), higher fat (35% energy) diet; or a walnut-rich, higher fat (35% energy), lower carbohydrate (45% energy) diet. Blood samples and data available from 213 women at baseline and at 6 months were the focus of this analysis. Triglycerides, total cholesterol, and high- and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were quantified and compared between and within groups. Triglycerides decreased in all study arms at 6 months (P<0.05). The walnut-rich diet increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol more than either the lower fat or lower carbohydrate diet (P<0.05). The walnut-rich diet also reduced low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in insulin-sensitive women, whereas the lower fat diet reduced both total cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in insulin-sensitive women (P<0.05). Insulin sensitivity and C-reactive protein levels also improved. CONCLUSIONS Weight loss was similar across the diet groups, although insulin-sensitive women lost more weight with a lower fat, higher carbohydrate diet versus a higher fat, lower carbohydrate diet. The walnut-rich, higher fat diet resulted in the most favorable changes in lipid levels. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT01424007.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tran Le
- Department of Family Medicine and Public HealthSchool of MedicineUniversity of California, San DiegoLa JollaCA
| | - Shirley W. Flatt
- Department of Family Medicine and Public HealthSchool of MedicineUniversity of California, San DiegoLa JollaCA
| | - Loki Natarajan
- Department of Family Medicine and Public HealthSchool of MedicineUniversity of California, San DiegoLa JollaCA
| | - Bilge Pakiz
- Department of Family Medicine and Public HealthSchool of MedicineUniversity of California, San DiegoLa JollaCA
| | - Elizabeth L. Quintana
- Department of Family Medicine and Public HealthSchool of MedicineUniversity of California, San DiegoLa JollaCA
| | - Dennis D. Heath
- Department of Family Medicine and Public HealthSchool of MedicineUniversity of California, San DiegoLa JollaCA
| | - Brinda K. Rana
- Department of PsychiatrySchool of MedicineUniversity of California, San DiegoLa JollaCA
| | - Cheryl L. Rock
- Department of Family Medicine and Public HealthSchool of MedicineUniversity of California, San DiegoLa JollaCA
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