1
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Diaz JC, Dunaway K, Zuniga C, Sheil E, Sadeghian K, Auger AP, Baldo BA. Delayed estrogen actions diminish food consumption without changing food approach, motor activity, or hypothalamic activation elicited by corticostriatal µ-opioid signaling. Neuropsychopharmacology 2023; 48:1952-1962. [PMID: 37640922 PMCID: PMC10584984 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-023-01711-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Mu-opioid receptor (μ-OR) signaling in forebrain sites including nucleus accumbens (Acb) and ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) modulates reward-driven feeding and may play a role in the pathophysiology of disordered eating. In preclinical models, intra-Acb or intra-vmPFC μ-OR stimulation causes overeating and vigorous responding for food rewards. These effects have been studied mainly in male animals, despite demonstrated sex differences and estrogen modulation of central reward systems. Hence, the present study investigated sex differences and estrogen modulation of intra-Acb and intra-vmPFC μ-OR-driven feeding behaviors. First, the dose-related effects of intra-Acb and intra-vmPFC infusions of the μ-OR-selective agonist, DAMGO, were compared among intact female, ovariectomized (OVX) female, and intact male rats. The DAMGO feeding dose-effect function was flattened in intact females relative to the robust, dose-dependent effects observed in OVX females and intact males. Thus, in intact females, intra-Acb DAMGO failed to elevate food intake relative to vehicle, while intra-vmPFC DAMGO elevated food intake, but to a smaller degree compared to males and OVX females. Next, to explore the possible role of estrogen in mediating the diminished DAMGO response observed in intact females, OVX rats were given intra-Acb or intra-vmPFC infusions of DAMGO either immediately after a subcutaneous injection of 17-beta-estradiol 3-benzoate (EB; 5 μg/0.1 mL) or 24 h after EB injection. Intra-Acb DAMGO effects were not changed at the immediate post-EB time point. At the delayed post-EB timepoint, significant lordosis was noted and the duration of intra-Acb DAMGO-driven feeding bouts was significantly reduced, with no change in the number of bouts initiated, locomotor hyperactivity, or Fos immunoreactivity in hypothalamic feeding and arousal systems. Similarly, EB failed to alter the motor-activational effects of intra-vmPFC DAMGO while reducing feeding. These findings indicate that delayed, presumably genomically mediated estrogen actions modulate the μ-OR-generated motivational state by reducing consummatory activity while sparing goal-approach and general arousal/activity. The results additionally suggest that EB regulation of consummatory activity occurs outside of forebrain-μ-OR control of hypothalamic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julio C Diaz
- Neuroscience Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Kate Dunaway
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- College of Letters and Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Carla Zuniga
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Elizabeth Sheil
- College of Letters and Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Ken Sadeghian
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Anthony P Auger
- Neuroscience Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Brian A Baldo
- Neuroscience Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
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2
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Lal NK, Le P, Aggarwal S, Zhang A, Wang K, Qi T, Pang Z, Yang D, Nudell V, Yeo GW, Banks AS, Ye L. Xiphoid nucleus of the midline thalamus controls cold-induced food seeking. Nature 2023; 621:138-145. [PMID: 37587337 PMCID: PMC10482681 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06430-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Maintaining body temperature is calorically expensive for endothermic animals1. Mammals eat more in the cold to compensate for energy expenditure2, but the neural mechanism underlying this coupling is not well understood. Through behavioural and metabolic analyses, we found that mice dynamically switch between energy-conservation and food-seeking states in the cold, the latter of which are primarily driven by energy expenditure rather than the sensation of cold. To identify the neural mechanisms underlying cold-induced food seeking, we used whole-brain c-Fos mapping and found that the xiphoid (Xi), a small nucleus in the midline thalamus, was selectively activated by prolonged cold associated with elevated energy expenditure but not with acute cold exposure. In vivo calcium imaging showed that Xi activity correlates with food-seeking episodes under cold conditions. Using activity-dependent viral strategies, we found that optogenetic and chemogenetic stimulation of cold-activated Xi neurons selectively recapitulated food seeking under cold conditions whereas their inhibition suppressed it. Mechanistically, Xi encodes a context-dependent valence switch that promotes food-seeking behaviours under cold but not warm conditions. Furthermore, these behaviours are mediated by a Xi-to-nucleus accumbens projection. Our results establish Xi as a key region in the control of cold-induced feeding, which is an important mechanism in the maintenance of energy homeostasis in endothermic animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neeraj K Lal
- Department of Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Phuong Le
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Samarth Aggarwal
- Department of Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Alan Zhang
- Department of Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Kristina Wang
- Department of Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Tianbo Qi
- Department of Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Zhengyuan Pang
- Department of Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Dong Yang
- Department of Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Victoria Nudell
- Department of Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Gene W Yeo
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Alexander S Banks
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Li Ye
- Department of Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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3
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Lal NK, Le P, Aggarwal S, Zhang A, Wang K, Qi T, Pang Z, Yang D, Nudell V, Yeo GW, Banks AS, Ye L. Xiphoid nucleus of the midline thalamus controls cold-induced food seeking. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.03.16.533067. [PMID: 36993706 PMCID: PMC10055253 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.16.533067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Maintaining body temperature is calorically expensive for endothermic animals. Mammals eat more in the cold to compensate for energy expenditure, but the neural mechanism underlying this coupling is not well understood. Through behavioral and metabolic analyses, we found that mice dynamically switch between energy conservation and food-seeking states in the cold, the latter of which is primarily driven by energy expenditure rather than the sensation of cold. To identify the neural mechanisms underlying cold-induced food seeking, we use whole-brain cFos mapping and found that the xiphoid (Xi), a small nucleus in the midline thalamus, was selectively activated by prolonged cold associated with elevated energy expenditure but not with acute cold exposure. In vivo calcium imaging showed that Xi activity correlates with food-seeking episodes in cold conditions. Using activity-dependent viral strategies, we found that optogenetic and chemogenetic stimulation of cold-activated Xi neurons recapitulated cold-induced feeding, whereas their inhibition suppressed it. Mechanistically, Xi encodes a context-dependent valence switch promoting food-seeking behaviors in cold but not warm conditions. Furthermore, these behaviors are mediated by a Xi to nucleus accumbens projection. Our results establish Xi as a key region for controlling cold-induced feeding, an important mechanism for maintaining energy homeostasis in endothermic animals.
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4
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Jaime-Lara RB, Brooks BE, Vizioli C, Chiles M, Nawal N, Ortiz-Figueroa RSE, Livinski AA, Agarwal K, Colina-Prisco C, Iannarino N, Hilmi A, Tejeda HA, Joseph PV. A systematic review of the biological mediators of fat taste and smell. Physiol Rev 2023; 103:855-918. [PMID: 36409650 PMCID: PMC9678415 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00061.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Taste and smell play a key role in our ability to perceive foods. Overconsumption of highly palatable energy-dense foods can lead to increased caloric intake and obesity. Thus there is growing interest in the study of the biological mediators of fat taste and associated olfaction as potential targets for pharmacologic and nutritional interventions in the context of obesity and health. The number of studies examining mechanisms underlying fat taste and smell has grown rapidly in the last 5 years. Therefore, the purpose of this systematic review is to summarize emerging evidence examining the biological mechanisms of fat taste and smell. A literature search was conducted of studies published in English between 2014 and 2021 in adult humans and animal models. Database searches were conducted using PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, and Web of Science for key terms including fat/lipid, taste, and olfaction. Initially, 4,062 articles were identified through database searches, and a total of 84 relevant articles met inclusion and exclusion criteria and are included in this review. Existing literature suggests that there are several proteins integral to fat chemosensation, including cluster of differentiation 36 (CD36) and G protein-coupled receptor 120 (GPR120). This systematic review will discuss these proteins and the signal transduction pathways involved in fat detection. We also review neural circuits, key brain regions, ingestive cues, postingestive signals, and genetic polymorphism that play a role in fat perception and consumption. Finally, we discuss the role of fat taste and smell in the context of eating behavior and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosario B. Jaime-Lara
- 1Section of Sensory Science and Metabolism Unit, Division of Intramural Research, National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Brianna E. Brooks
- 1Section of Sensory Science and Metabolism Unit, Division of Intramural Research, National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Carlotta Vizioli
- 1Section of Sensory Science and Metabolism Unit, Division of Intramural Research, National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Mari Chiles
- 1Section of Sensory Science and Metabolism Unit, Division of Intramural Research, National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland,4Section of Neuromodulation and Synaptic Integration, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Nafisa Nawal
- 1Section of Sensory Science and Metabolism Unit, Division of Intramural Research, National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Rodrigo S. E. Ortiz-Figueroa
- 1Section of Sensory Science and Metabolism Unit, Division of Intramural Research, National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Alicia A. Livinski
- 3NIH Library, Office of Research Services, Office of the Director, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Khushbu Agarwal
- 1Section of Sensory Science and Metabolism Unit, Division of Intramural Research, National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Claudia Colina-Prisco
- 1Section of Sensory Science and Metabolism Unit, Division of Intramural Research, National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Natalia Iannarino
- 1Section of Sensory Science and Metabolism Unit, Division of Intramural Research, National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Aliya Hilmi
- 1Section of Sensory Science and Metabolism Unit, Division of Intramural Research, National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Hugo A. Tejeda
- 1Section of Sensory Science and Metabolism Unit, Division of Intramural Research, National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Paule V. Joseph
- 1Section of Sensory Science and Metabolism Unit, Division of Intramural Research, National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland,2Section of Sensory Science and Metabolism, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Nursing Research, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland
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5
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Joshi A, Schott M, la Fleur SE, Barrot M. Role of the striatal dopamine, GABA and opioid systems in mediating feeding and fat intake. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2022; 139:104726. [PMID: 35691472 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Food intake, which is a highly reinforcing behavior, provides nutrients required for survival in all animals. However, when fat and sugar consumption goes beyond the daily needs, it can favor obesity. The prevalence and severity of this health problem has been increasing with time. Besides covering nutrient and energy needs, food and in particular its highly palatable components, such as fats, also induce feelings of joy and pleasure. Experimental evidence supports a role of the striatal complex and of the mesolimbic dopamine system in both feeding and food-related reward processing, with the nucleus accumbens as a key target for reward or reinforcing-associated signaling during food intake behavior. In this review, we provide insights concerning the impact of feeding, including fat intake, on different types of receptors and neurotransmitters present in the striatal complex. Reciprocally, we also cover the evidence for a modulation of palatable food intake by different neurochemical systems in the striatal complex and in particular the nucleus accumbens, with a focus on dopamine, GABA and the opioid system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anil Joshi
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Strasbourg, Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, Strasbourg, France; Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Laboratory of Endocrinology, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Metabolism and Reward Group, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, An Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW), Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marion Schott
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Strasbourg, Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, Strasbourg, France
| | - Susanne Eva la Fleur
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Laboratory of Endocrinology, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Metabolism and Reward Group, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, An Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW), Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Michel Barrot
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Strasbourg, Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, Strasbourg, France.
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6
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Szalanczy AM, Key CCC, Woods LCS. Genetic variation in satiety signaling and hypothalamic inflammation: merging fields for the study of obesity. J Nutr Biochem 2022; 101:108928. [PMID: 34936921 PMCID: PMC8959400 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2021.108928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Although obesity has been a longstanding health crisis, the genetic architecture of the disease remains poorly understood. Genome-wide association studies have identified many genomic loci associated with obesity, with genes being enriched in the brain, particularly in the hypothalamus. This points to the role of the central nervous system (CNS) in predisposition to obesity, and we emphasize here several key genes along the satiety signaling pathway involved in genetic susceptibility. Interest has also risen regarding the chronic, low-grade obesity-associated inflammation, with a growing concern toward inflammation in the hypothalamus as a precursor to obesity. Recent studies have found that genetic variation in inflammatory genes play a role in obesity susceptibility, and we highlight here several key genes. Despite the interest in the genetic variants of these pathways individually, there is a lack of research that investigates the relationship between the two. Understanding the interplay between genetic variation in obesity genes enriched in the CNS and inflammation genes will advance our understanding of obesity etiology and heterogeneity, improve genetic risk prediction analyses, and highlight new drug targets for the treatment of obesity. Additionally, this increased knowledge will assist in physician's ability to develop personalized nutrition and medication strategies for combating the obesity epidemic. Though it often seems to present universally, obesity is a highly individual disease, and there remains a need in the field to develop methods to treat at the individual level.
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7
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Qazi R, Parker KE, Kim CY, Rill R, Norris MR, Chung J, Bilbily J, Kim JR, Walicki MC, Gereau GB, Lim H, Xiong Y, Lee JR, Tapia MA, Kravitz AV, Will MJ, Ha S, McCall JG, Jeong JW. Scalable and modular wireless-network infrastructure for large-scale behavioural neuroscience. Nat Biomed Eng 2021; 6:771-786. [PMID: 34824397 PMCID: PMC10180496 DOI: 10.1038/s41551-021-00814-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The use of rodents to acquire understanding of the function of neural circuits and of the physiological, genetic and developmental underpinnings of behaviour has been constrained by limitations in the scalability, automation and high-throughput operation of implanted wireless neural devices. Here we report scalable and modular hardware and software infrastructure for setting up and operating remotely programmable miniaturized wireless networks leveraging Bluetooth Low Energy for the study of the long-term behaviour of large groups of rodents. The integrated system allows for automated, scheduled and real-time experimentation via the simultaneous and independent use of multiple neural devices and equipment within and across laboratories. By measuring the locomotion, feeding, arousal and social behaviours of groups of mice or rats, we show that the system allows for bidirectional data transfer from readily available hardware, and that it can be used with programmable pharmacological or optogenetic stimulation. Scalable and modular wireless-network infrastructure should facilitate the remote operation of fully automated large-scale and long-term closed-loop experiments for the study of neural circuits and animal behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raza Qazi
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.,Department of Electrical, Computer and Energy Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Kyle E Parker
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Department of Pharmaceutical and Administrative Sciences, University of Health Sciences and Pharmacy in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Center for Clinical Pharmacology, University of Health Sciences and Pharmacy in St. Louis and Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Washington University Pain Center, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Choong Yeon Kim
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ruediger Rill
- Department of Computer Science, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Makenzie R Norris
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Department of Pharmaceutical and Administrative Sciences, University of Health Sciences and Pharmacy in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Center for Clinical Pharmacology, University of Health Sciences and Pharmacy in St. Louis and Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Washington University Pain Center, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Division of Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jaeyoon Chung
- Department of Computer Science, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - John Bilbily
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Department of Pharmaceutical and Administrative Sciences, University of Health Sciences and Pharmacy in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Center for Clinical Pharmacology, University of Health Sciences and Pharmacy in St. Louis and Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Washington University Pain Center, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jenny R Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Department of Pharmaceutical and Administrative Sciences, University of Health Sciences and Pharmacy in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Center for Clinical Pharmacology, University of Health Sciences and Pharmacy in St. Louis and Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Washington University Pain Center, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Marie C Walicki
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Department of Pharmaceutical and Administrative Sciences, University of Health Sciences and Pharmacy in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Center for Clinical Pharmacology, University of Health Sciences and Pharmacy in St. Louis and Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Washington University Pain Center, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Graydon B Gereau
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Department of Pharmaceutical and Administrative Sciences, University of Health Sciences and Pharmacy in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Center for Clinical Pharmacology, University of Health Sciences and Pharmacy in St. Louis and Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Washington University Pain Center, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Hyoyoung Lim
- Department of Computer Science, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Yanyu Xiong
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Jenna R Lee
- Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Program, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Melissa A Tapia
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Alexxai V Kravitz
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Matthew J Will
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Sangtae Ha
- Department of Computer Science, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA.
| | - Jordan G McCall
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA. .,Department of Pharmaceutical and Administrative Sciences, University of Health Sciences and Pharmacy in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA. .,Center for Clinical Pharmacology, University of Health Sciences and Pharmacy in St. Louis and Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA. .,Washington University Pain Center, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA. .,Division of Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
| | - Jae-Woong Jeong
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
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8
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Koekkoek LL, Masís-Vargas A, Kool T, Eggels L, van der Gun LL, Lamuadni K, Slomp M, Diepenbroek C, Kalsbeek A, la Fleur SE. Sucrose drinking mimics effects of nucleus accumbens µ-opioid receptor stimulation on fat intake and brain c-Fos-expression. Nutr Neurosci 2021; 25:2408-2420. [PMID: 34490827 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2021.1975365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Objectives: We have previously shown that the combined consumption of fat and a sucrose solution induces overeating, and there is evidence indicating that sucrose drinking directly stimulates fat intake. One neurochemical pathway by which sucrose may enhance fat intake is through the release of endogenous opioids in the nucleus accumbens (NAC).Methods: To test this hypothesis, we provided rats with a free-choice high-fat diet for two weeks. During the second week, rats had access to an additional bottle of water or a 30% sucrose solution for five minutes per day. After these two weeks, we infused vehicle or the μ-opioid receptor agonist [D-Ala2, N-MePhe4, Gly-ol]-enkephalin (DAMGO) into the NAC 30 min after their daily access to the additional bottle of water or the sucrose solution.Results: Sucrose drinking had two effects, (1) it stimulated fat intake in the absence of DAMGO infusion, (2) it diminished sensitivity to DAMGO, as it prevented the rapid increase in fat intake typically seen upon DAMGO infusion in the nucleus accumbens. In a second experiment, we confirmed that these results are not due to the ingested calories of the sucrose solution. Lastly, we investigated which brain areas are involved in the observed effects on fat intake by assessing c-Fos-expression in brain areas previously linked to DAMGO's effects on food intake. Both intra-NAC DAMGO infusion and sucrose consumption in the absence of DAMGO infusion had no effect on c-Fos-expression in orexin neurons and the central amygdala but increased c-Fos-expression in the NAC as well as the basolateral amygdala.Discussion: In conclusion, we confirm that sucrose drinking stimulates fat intake, likely through the release of endogenous opioids.
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Affiliation(s)
- L L Koekkoek
- Laboratory of Endocrinology, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Neuroscience Amsterdam, Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Metabolism and Reward Group, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - A Masís-Vargas
- Laboratory of Endocrinology, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Neuroscience Amsterdam, Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Metabolism and Reward Group, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - T Kool
- Laboratory of Endocrinology, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Neuroscience Amsterdam, Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Metabolism and Reward Group, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - L Eggels
- Laboratory of Endocrinology, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Neuroscience Amsterdam, Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Metabolism and Reward Group, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - L L van der Gun
- Laboratory of Endocrinology, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Neuroscience Amsterdam, Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Metabolism and Reward Group, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - K Lamuadni
- Laboratory of Endocrinology, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Neuroscience Amsterdam, Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Metabolism and Reward Group, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M Slomp
- Laboratory of Endocrinology, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Neuroscience Amsterdam, Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Metabolism and Reward Group, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - C Diepenbroek
- Laboratory of Endocrinology, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Neuroscience Amsterdam, Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Metabolism and Reward Group, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - A Kalsbeek
- Laboratory of Endocrinology, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Neuroscience Amsterdam, Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Hypothalamic Integration Mechanisms, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - S E la Fleur
- Laboratory of Endocrinology, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Neuroscience Amsterdam, Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Metabolism and Reward Group, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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9
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Müller SG, Jardim NS, Trindade MA, Nogueira CW. Opioid System Contributes to the Trifluoromethyl-Substituted Diselenide Effectiveness in a Lifestyle-Induced Depression Mouse Model. Mol Neurobiol 2021; 58:2231-2241. [PMID: 33417225 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-020-02255-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Energy-dense foods and ethanol consumption are associated with mood disorders. m-Trifluoromethyl-diphenyl diselenide [(m-CF3-PhSe)2] has been a prominent pharmacological target due to its antidepressant-like effects. This study investigated if the modulation of opioid and glucocorticoid receptors and its well-known antioxidant property contribute to the (m-CF3-PhSe)2 antidepressant-like effect in young mice subjected to an energy-dense diet and ethanol intake. Swiss male mice [postnatal day (PND) 25] were exposed to an energy-dense diet (containing 20% fat and 20% carbohydrate) or standard chow until the PND 67. Mice received ethanol (2 g/kg) or water administration (3 times a week, intragastrically [i.g.]) from PND 45 to PND 60. After that, mice received (m-CF3-PhSe)2 (5 mg/kg/day; i.g) or vegetal oil administration from PND 60 to 66. Mice performed the behavioral tests to evaluate the depressive-like phenotype. The results showed that individually neither an energy-dense diet nor ethanol group induced a depressive-like phenotype, but the association of both induced this phenotype in young mice. Oxidative stress was characterized by the increase of malondialdehyde, the decrease in the superoxide dismutase activity, and non-protein sulfhydryl levels in the cerebral cortex of depressive-like mice. Depressive-like mice showed an increase in the protein levels of opioid receptors and depletion in those of glucocorticoid. (m-CF3-PhSe)2 abolished depressive-like phenotype and oxidative stress as well as modulated the levels of glucocorticoid and opioid receptors. In conclusion, the modulation of opioid and glucocorticoid receptors and the antioxidant property contributed to the (m-CF3-PhSe)2 antidepressant-like effect in young mice exposed to an energy-dense diet and ethanol intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Grendene Müller
- Laboratory of Synthesis, Reactivity, Pharmacological and Toxicological Evaluation of Organochalcogen Compounds, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center of Natural and Exact Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Natália Silva Jardim
- Laboratory of Synthesis, Reactivity, Pharmacological and Toxicological Evaluation of Organochalcogen Compounds, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center of Natural and Exact Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Milene Arrial Trindade
- Laboratory of Synthesis, Reactivity, Pharmacological and Toxicological Evaluation of Organochalcogen Compounds, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center of Natural and Exact Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Cristina Wayne Nogueira
- Laboratory of Synthesis, Reactivity, Pharmacological and Toxicological Evaluation of Organochalcogen Compounds, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center of Natural and Exact Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil.
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10
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Toorie AM, Vassoler FM, Qu F, Schonhoff CM, Bradburn S, Murgatroyd CA, Slonim DK, Byrnes EM. A history of opioid exposure in females increases the risk of metabolic disorders in their future male offspring. Addict Biol 2021; 26:e12856. [PMID: 31782234 DOI: 10.1111/adb.12856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Revised: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Worldwide consumption of opioids remains at historic levels. Preclinical studies report intergenerational effects on the endogenous opioid system of future progeny following preconception morphine exposure. Given the role of endogenous opioids in energy homeostasis, such effects could impact metabolism in the next generation. Thus, we examined diet-induced modifications in F1 male progeny of morphine-exposed female rats (MORF1). When fed a high fat-sugar diet (FSD) for 6 weeks, MORF1 males display features of emerging metabolic syndrome; they consume more food, gain more weight, and develop fasting-induced hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia. In the hypothalamus, proteins involved in energy homeostasis are modified and RNA sequencing revealed down-regulation of genes associated with neuronal plasticity, coupled with up-regulation of genes associated with immune, inflammatory, and metabolic processes that are specific to FSD-maintained MORF1 males. Thus, limited preconception morphine exposure in female rats increases the risk of metabolic syndrome/type 2 diabetes in the next generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anika M. Toorie
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine Tufts University North Grafton Massachusetts
- Department of Biology Rhode Island College North Providence Rhode Island
| | - Fair M. Vassoler
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine Tufts University North Grafton Massachusetts
| | - Fangfang Qu
- Department of Computer Science Tufts University Medford Massachusetts
| | - Christopher M. Schonhoff
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine Tufts University North Grafton Massachusetts
| | - Steven Bradburn
- Division of Biomedical Sciences Manchester Metropolitan University Manchester UK
| | | | - Donna K. Slonim
- Department of Computer Science Tufts University Medford Massachusetts
| | - Elizabeth M. Byrnes
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine Tufts University North Grafton Massachusetts
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11
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Cooperative synaptic and intrinsic plasticity in a disynaptic limbic circuit drive stress-induced anhedonia and passive coping in mice. Mol Psychiatry 2021; 26:1860-1879. [PMID: 32161361 PMCID: PMC7735389 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-020-0686-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Revised: 01/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Stress promotes negative affective states, which include anhedonia and passive coping. While these features are in part mediated by neuroadaptations in brain reward circuitry, a comprehensive framework of how stress-induced negative affect may be encoded within key nodes of this circuit is lacking. Here, we show in a mouse model for stress-induced anhedonia and passive coping that these phenomena are associated with increased synaptic strength of ventral hippocampus (VH) excitatory synapses onto D1 medium spiny neurons (D1-MSNs) in the nucleus accumbens medial shell (NAcmSh), and with lateral hypothalamus (LH)-projecting D1-MSN hyperexcitability mediated by decreased inwardly rectifying potassium channel (IRK) function. Stress-induced negative affective states are prevented by depotentiation of VH to NAcmSh synapses, restoring Kir2.1 function in D1R-MSNs, or disrupting co-participation of these synaptic and intrinsic adaptations in D1-MSNs. In conclusion, our data provide strong evidence for a disynaptic pathway controlling maladaptive emotional behavior.
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12
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Terrill SJ, Subramanian KS, Lan R, Liu CM, Cortella AM, Noble EE, Kanoski SE. Nucleus accumbens melanin-concentrating hormone signaling promotes feeding in a sex-specific manner. Neuropharmacology 2020; 178:108270. [PMID: 32795460 PMCID: PMC7544677 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2020.108270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) is an orexigenic neuropeptide produced in the lateral hypothalamus and zona incerta that increases food intake. The neuronal pathways and behavioral mechanisms mediating the orexigenic effects of MCH are poorly understood, as is the extent to which MCH-mediated feeding outcomes are sex-dependent. Here we investigate the hypothesis that MCH-producing neurons act in the nucleus accumbens shell (ACBsh) to promote feeding behavior and motivation for palatable food in a sex-dependent manner. We utilized ACBsh MCH receptor (MCH1R)-directed pharmacology as well as a dual virus chemogenetic approach to selectively activate MCH neurons that project to the ACBsh. Results reveal that both ACBsh MCH1R activation and activating ACBsh-projecting MCH neurons increase consumption of standard chow and palatable sucrose in male rats without affecting motivated operant responding for sucrose, general activity levels, or anxiety-like behavior. In contrast, food intake was not affected in female rats by either ACBsh MCH1R activation or ACBsh-projecting MCH neuron activation. To determine a mechanism for this sexual dimorphism, we investigated whether the orexigenic effect of ACBsh MCH1R activation is reduced by endogenous estradiol signaling. In ovariectomized female rats on a cyclic regimen of either estradiol (EB) or oil vehicle, ACBsh MCH1R activation increased feeding only in oil-treated rats, suggesting that EB attenuates the ability of ACBsh MCH signaling to promote food intake. Collective results show that MCH ACBsh signaling promotes feeding in an estrogen- and sex-dependent manner, thus identifying novel neurobiological mechanisms through which MCH and female sex hormones interact to influence food intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah J Terrill
- Department of Biological Sciences, Human and Evolutionary Biology Section, University of Southern California, 3616 Trousdale Parkway, AHF 252, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, United States
| | - Keshav S Subramanian
- Department of Biological Sciences, Human and Evolutionary Biology Section, University of Southern California, 3616 Trousdale Parkway, AHF 252, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, United States; Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, United States
| | - Rae Lan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Human and Evolutionary Biology Section, University of Southern California, 3616 Trousdale Parkway, AHF 252, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, United States
| | - Clarissa M Liu
- Department of Biological Sciences, Human and Evolutionary Biology Section, University of Southern California, 3616 Trousdale Parkway, AHF 252, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, United States; Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, United States
| | - Alyssa M Cortella
- Department of Biological Sciences, Human and Evolutionary Biology Section, University of Southern California, 3616 Trousdale Parkway, AHF 252, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, United States; Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, United States
| | - Emily E Noble
- Department of Foods and Nutrition, University of Georgia, 129 Barrow Hall, Athens, GA, 30602, United States.
| | - Scott E Kanoski
- Department of Biological Sciences, Human and Evolutionary Biology Section, University of Southern California, 3616 Trousdale Parkway, AHF 252, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, United States; Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, United States.
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13
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Poole EI, Rust VA, Crosby KM. Nitric Oxide Acts in the Rat Dorsomedial Hypothalamus to Increase High Fat Food Intake and Glutamate Transmission. Neuroscience 2020; 440:277-289. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2020.05.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2019] [Revised: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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14
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Thoeni S, Loureiro M, O’Connor EC, Lüscher C. Depression of Accumbal to Lateral Hypothalamic Synapses Gates Overeating. Neuron 2020; 107:158-172.e4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2020.03.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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15
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Blanco-Gandía MC, Miñarro J, Rodríguez-Arias M. Common Neural Mechanisms of Palatable Food Intake and Drug Abuse: Knowledge Obtained with Animal Models. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 26:2372-2384. [DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666200213123608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Eating is necessary for survival, but it is also one of the great pleasures enjoyed by human beings.
Research to date shows that palatable food can be rewarding in a similar way to drugs of abuse, indicating
considerable comorbidity between eating disorders and substance-use disorders. Analysis of the common characteristics
of both types of disorder has led to a new wave of studies proposing a Gateway Theory of food as a vulnerability
factor that modulates the development of drug addiction. The homeostatic and hedonic mechanisms of
feeding overlap with some of the mechanisms implicated in drug abuse and their interaction plays a crucial role in
the development of drug addiction. Studies in animal models have shown how palatable food sensitizes the reward
circuit and makes individuals more sensitive to other substances of abuse, such as cocaine or alcohol. However,
when palatable food is administered continuously as a model of obesity, the consequences are different, and
studies provide controversial data. In the present review, we will cover the main homeostatic and hedonic mechanisms
that regulate palatable food intake behavior and will explain, using animal models, how different types of
diet and their intake patterns have direct consequences on the rewarding effects of psychostimulants and ethanol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria C. Blanco-Gandía
- Department of Psychology and Sociology, University of Zaragoza, C/ Ciudad Escolar s/n, 44003, Teruel, Spain
| | - José Miñarro
- Unit of Research Psychobiology of Drug Dependence, Department of Psychobiology, Facultad de Psicologia, Universitat de Valencia, Avda. Blasco Ibanez, 21, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Marta Rodríguez-Arias
- Unit of Research Psychobiology of Drug Dependence, Department of Psychobiology, Facultad de Psicologia, Universitat de Valencia, Avda. Blasco Ibanez, 21, 46010 Valencia, Spain
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16
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Cifani C, Avagliano C, Micioni Di Bonaventura E, Giusepponi ME, De Caro C, Cristiano C, La Rana G, Botticelli L, Romano A, Calignano A, Gaetani S, Micioni Di Bonaventura MV, Russo R. Modulation of Pain Sensitivity by Chronic Consumption of Highly Palatable Food Followed by Abstinence: Emerging Role of Fatty Acid Amide Hydrolase. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:266. [PMID: 32231568 PMCID: PMC7086305 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a strong relationship between palatable diet and pain sensitivity, and the cannabinoid and opioid systems might play an important role in this correlation. The palatable diet used in many animal models of obesity is the cafeteria (CAF) diet, based on human food with high sugar, salt, and fat content. In this study, we investigated whether long-term exposure to a CAF diet could modify pain sensitivity and explored the role of the cannabinergic system in this modification. Male Sprague–Dawley rats were divided into two groups: one fed with standard chow only (CO) and the other with extended access (EA) to a CAF diet. Hot plate and tail flick tests were used to evaluate pain sensitivity. At the end of a 40-day CAF exposure, EA rats showed a significant increase in the pain threshold compared to CO rats, finding probably due to up-regulation of CB1 and mu-opioid receptors. Instead, during abstinence from palatable foods, EA animals showed a significant increase in pain sensibility, which was ameliorated by repeated treatment with a fatty acid amide hydrolase inhibitor, PF-3845 (10 mg/kg, intraperitoneally), every other day for 28 days. Ex vivo analysis of the brains of these rats clearly showed that this effect was mediated by mu-opioid receptors, which were up-regulated following repeated treatment of PF-3845. Our data add to the knowledge about changes in pain perception in obese subjects, revealing a key role of CB1 and mu-opioid receptors and their possible pharmacological crosstalk and reinforcing the need to consider this modulation in planning effective pain management for obese patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Cifani
- School of Pharmacy, Pharmacology Unit, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Carmen Avagliano
- Department of Pharmacy, "Federico II" University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | | | | | - Carmen De Caro
- Department of Pharmacy, "Federico II" University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Claudia Cristiano
- Department of Pharmacy, "Federico II" University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanna La Rana
- Department of Pharmacy, "Federico II" University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Luca Botticelli
- School of Pharmacy, Pharmacology Unit, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Adele Romano
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "V. Erspamer," Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Calignano
- Department of Pharmacy, "Federico II" University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Silvana Gaetani
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "V. Erspamer," Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Roberto Russo
- Department of Pharmacy, "Federico II" University of Naples, Naples, Italy
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17
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Mendoza J. Food intake and addictive-like eating behaviors: Time to think about the circadian clock(s). Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2019; 106:122-132. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2018.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Revised: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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18
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Lee JR, Parker KE, Tapia M, Johns HW, Floros TG, Roberts MD, Booth FW, Will MJ. Voluntary wheel running effects on intra-accumbens opioid high-fat feeding and locomotor behavior in Sprague-Dawley and Wistar rat strains. Physiol Behav 2019; 206:67-75. [PMID: 30807769 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2019.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The present study examined the influence of physical activity vs. sedentary home cage conditions on baseline and opioid-driven high-fat feeding behaviors in two common strains of laboratory rats. Sprague-Dawley and Wistar rats were singly housed with either access to a voluntary running wheel (RUN) or locked-wheel (SED) for 5 weeks, before being stereotaxically implanted with bilateral cannulae targeting the nucleus accumbens. Following recovery, with RUN or SED conditions continuing the duration of the experiment, all rats were given 2 h daily access to a high-fat diet for 6 consecutive days to establish a stable baseline intake. Over the next 2 weeks, all subjects were administered the μ-opioid agonist D-Ala2, NMe-Phe4, Glyol5-enkephalin (DAMGO) (multiple dose range) or saline into the nucleus accumbens, immediately followed by 2 h access to a high-fat diet. Drug treatments were separated by at least 1 day and treatment order was counterbalanced. Baseline consumption of the high-fat diet during the 1-week baseline acclimation period did not differ between RUN and SED groups in either rat strain. Higher doses of DAMGO produced increased fat consumption in both strains of rats, yet no differences were observed between RUN vs. SED treated groups. However, SED treatment produced a greater locomotor response following intra-accumbens DAMGO administration, compared to the RUN condition, during the 2 h feeding session. The data suggest that the animals housed in sedentary versus voluntary wheel running conditions may differ in behavioral tolerance to the locomotor but not the orexigenic activating properties of intra-accumbens DAMGO treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenna R Lee
- Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Program, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA.
| | - Kyle E Parker
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA; Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Program, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Melissa Tapia
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Howard W Johns
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Ted G Floros
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Michael D Roberts
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Frank W Booth
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA; Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA; Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Matthew J Will
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA; Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Program, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA.
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19
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Roux-en-Y gastric bypass in rat reduces mu-opioid receptor levels in brain regions associated with stress and energy regulation. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0218680. [PMID: 31220174 PMCID: PMC6586324 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0218680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery (RYGB) is the most common and effective weight loss procedure for severe obesity. However, a significant increase in addictive behaviors and new-onset substance use disorder (SUD) are sometimes observed post-surgery. The endogenous opioid system is known to play a major role in motivated behavior and reward, as well as the abuse of substances, including alcohol, tobacco, opioids and highly palatable foods. Here, we examined the effects of RYGB on mu-opioid receptor levels in the brain. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were assigned to one of four groups: standard diet with sham surgery (control), ad libitum high-energy high-fat (HF) diet with sham surgery, calorie restricted HF diet with sham surgery (Sham-FR), or HF diet with RYGB surgery. Control and HF groups were fed their respective diets for 8 weeks, with surgery performed on the eighth week. After 9 weeks on their respective diets post-surgery, animals were sacrificed for mu-opioid receptor autoradiography using the [3H] [D-Ala2,N-Me-Phe4-Gly5-ol]- enkephalin (DAMGO) ligand. Rats with RYGB showed reduced DAMGO binding in the central amygdala compared to sham-operated HF diet controls, and in the hypothalamus compared to high-fat fed Sham-FR. Diet alone did not change [3H] DAMGO binding in any region. These findings show that RYGB surgery, independent of diet or caloric restriction, decreases mu opioid signaling in specific regions important for stress and energy regulation. Thus, RYGB surgery may lead to greater stress sensitivity via downregulated mu opioid signaling in the central amygdala, which may contribute to the observed increased risk in some subjects for addictive behavior.
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20
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Bodnar RJ. Endogenous opioid modulation of food intake and body weight: Implications for opioid influences upon motivation and addiction. Peptides 2019; 116:42-62. [PMID: 31047940 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2019.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
This review is part of a special issue dedicated to Opioid addiction, and examines the influential role of opioid peptides, opioid receptors and opiate drugs in mediating food intake and body weight control in rodents. This review postulates that opioid mediation of food intake was an example of "positive addictive" properties that provide motivational drives to maintain opioid-seeking behavior and that are not subject to the "negative addictive" properties associated with tolerance, dependence and withdrawal. Data demonstrate that opiate and opioid peptide agonists stimulate food intake through homeostatic activation of sensory, metabolic and energy-related In contrast, general, and particularly mu-selective, opioid receptor antagonists typically block these homeostatically-driven ingestive behaviors. Intake of palatable and hedonic food stimuli is inhibited by general, and particularly mu-selective, opioid receptor antagonists. The selectivity of specific opioid agonists to elicit food intake was confirmed through the use of opioid receptor antagonists and molecular knockdown (antisense) techniques incapacitating specific exons of opioid receptor genes. Further extensive evidence demonstrated that homeostatic and hedonic ingestive situations correspondingly altered the levels and expression of opioid peptides and opioid receptors. Opioid mediation of food intake was controlled by a distributed brain network intimately related to both the appetitive-consummatory sites implicated in food intake as well as sites intimately involved in reward and reinforcement. This emergent system appears to sustain the "positive addictive" properties providing motivational drives to maintain opioid-seeking behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard J Bodnar
- Department of Psychology, Queens College, City University of New York, United States; Psychology Doctoral Program and CUNY Neuroscience Collaborative, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, United States.
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21
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Tryon VL, Mizumori SJY. A Novel Role for the Periaqueductal Gray in Consummatory Behavior. Front Behav Neurosci 2018; 12:178. [PMID: 30210313 PMCID: PMC6121074 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2018.00178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The periaqueductal gray (PAG) has a well-established role in pain processing, autonomic function and behavioral responses to fear. Anatomical work suggests the PAG may mediate food intake and reward processing as it has extensive reciprocal connections within brain circuits that mediate appetitive processes and consummatory behaviors such as prefrontal cortex, hypothalamus, amygdala, parabrachial nucleus (PBN) and ventral tegmental area (Kelley et al., 2005). Therefore, we investigated if the PAG of hungry rats has a functional role in appetitive and consummatory behaviors. To address this, PAG was pharmacologically inactivated during a spatial working memory task with muscimol (0.1-0.3 μg), a GABAA agonist via intracranial infusion. Inactivation of PAG led to reduced intake of food rewards and increased errors on this task. To focus on the specific effects PAG inactivation had on food consumption, PAG was inactivated during two separate food intake tasks in a separate group of rats. Again, PAG inactivation resulted in a significant decrease in food consumption, as well as an increased latency to consume food. We next investigated PAG neural responses to reward encounters. A different group of rats performed the same task used in Experiment 1 while the in vivo activity of PAG neurons was recorded. In a subset of PAG neurons, reward encounters elicited phasic excitation. A separate subset of PAG neurons were inhibited during reward encounters. These responses scaled with the size of the reward, with sustained excitation or inhibition in response to large rewards compared to small. Our data also show that separate groups of PAG neurons in awake behaving animals display either increased and decreased neural responses to reward encounters. Additionally, a proportion of neurons were modulated by the animals' velocity. This study is the first to show that PAG neurons process reward-related information, perhaps to mediate consummatory behaviors related to food consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerie Lee Tryon
- Department of Psychology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Sheri J. Y. Mizumori
- Department of Psychology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
- Neuroscience Program, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
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Hankir MK, Seyfried F, Miras AD, Cowley MA. Brain Feeding Circuits after Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2018; 29:218-237. [PMID: 29475578 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2018.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Revised: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic surgical procedures, such as Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB), uniquely reprogram feeding behavior and body weight in obese subjects. Clinical neuroimaging and animal studies are only now beginning to shed light on some of the underlying central mechanisms. We present here the roles of key brain neurotransmitter/neuromodulator systems in food choice, value, and intake at various stages after RYGB. In doing so, we elaborate on how known signals emanating from the reorganized gut, including peptide hormones and microbiota products, impinge on newly mapped homeostatic and hedonic brain feeding circuits. Continued progress in the rapidly evolving field of metabolic surgery will inform the design of more effective weight-loss compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed K Hankir
- Department of Experimental Surgery, University Hospital Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Bavaria 97080, Germany; German Research Foundation Collaborative Research Center in Obesity Mechanisms, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Saxony 04103, Germany.
| | - Florian Seyfried
- Department of Experimental Surgery, University Hospital Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Bavaria 97080, Germany
| | - Alexander D Miras
- Department of Investigative Science, Imperial College London Academic Healthcare Centre, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Michael A Cowley
- Metabolic Disease and Obesity Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Victoria 3800, Australia; Department of Physiology, Monash University, Victoria 3800, Australia
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Yamaguchi C, Yamanaka‐Okumura H, Esumi H, Masuda M, Katayama T, Taketani Y. Investigation of dose‐dependent effects of fat on blood glucose, serum insulin, and appetite sensation. THE JOURNAL OF MEDICAL INVESTIGATION 2018; 65:203-207. [DOI: 10.2152/jmi.65.203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chise Yamaguchi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Food Management, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School
| | - Hisami Yamanaka‐Okumura
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Food Management, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School
| | - Haruka Esumi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Food Management, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School
| | - Masashi Masuda
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Food Management, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School
| | - Takafumi Katayama
- Departments of Statistics and Computer Science, College of Nursing Art and Science, University of Hyogo
| | - Yutaka Taketani
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Food Management, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School
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Abstract
Binge-eating disorder (BED) is the most prevalent eating disorder with estimates of 2-5% of the general adult population. Nonetheless, its pathophysiology is poorly understood. Furthermore, there exist few therapeutic options for its effective treatment. Here we review the current state of binge-eating neurobiology and pharmacology, drawing from clinical therapeutic, neuroimaging, cognitive, human genetic and animal model studies. These studies, which are still in their infancy, indicate that while there are many gaps in our knowledge, several key neural substrates appear to underpin binge-eating and may be conserved between human and animals. This observation suggests that behavioral intermediate phenotypes or endophenotypes relevant to BED may be modeled in animals, facilitating the identification and testing of novel pharmacological targets. The development of novel, safe and effective pharmacological therapies for the treatment of BED will enhance the ability of clinicians to provide optimal care for people with BED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter H Hutson
- Department of Neurobiology, CNS Discovery, Teva Pharmaceuticals, West Chester, PA, USA.
| | - Iris M Balodis
- Peter Boris Centre for Addiction Research, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Marc N Potenza
- Department of Psychiatry, Child Study Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse, USA; Connecticut Mental Health Center, New Haven, CT, USA
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Tandon S, Keefe KA, Taha SA. Mu opioid receptor signaling in the nucleus accumbens shell increases responsiveness of satiety-modulated lateral hypothalamus neurons. Eur J Neurosci 2017; 45:1418-1430. [DOI: 10.1111/ejn.13579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Revised: 03/24/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shashank Tandon
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology; University of Utah; 30 South 2000 East Salt Lake City UT 84112-5820 USA
| | - Kristen A. Keefe
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology; University of Utah; 30 South 2000 East Salt Lake City UT 84112-5820 USA
| | - Sharif A. Taha
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology; University of Utah; 30 South 2000 East Salt Lake City UT 84112-5820 USA
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Feeding-modulatory effects of mu-opioids in the medial prefrontal cortex: a review of recent findings and comparison to opioid actions in the nucleus accumbens. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2017; 234:1439-1449. [PMID: 28054099 PMCID: PMC5420483 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-016-4522-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Whereas reward-modulatory opioid actions have been intensively studied in subcortical sites such as the nucleus accumbens (Acb), the role of cortical opioid transmission has received comparatively little attention. OBJECTIVES The objective of this study is to describe recent findings on the motivational actions of opioids in the prefrontal cortex (PFC), emphasizing studies of food motivation and ingestion. PFC-based opioid effects will be compared/contrasted to those elicited from the Acb, to glean possible common functional principles. Finally, the motivational effects of opioids will be placed within a network context involving the PFC, Acb, and hypothalamus. RESULTS Mu-opioid receptor (μ-OR) stimulation in both the Acb and PFC induces eating and enhances food-seeking instrumental behaviors; μ-OR signaling also enhances taste reactivity within a highly circumscribed zone of medial Acb shell. In both the Acb and PFC, opioid-sensitive zones are aligned topographically with the sectors that project to feeding-modulatory zones of the hypothalamus and intact glutamate transmission in the lateral/perifornical (LH-PeF) hypothalamic areas is required for both Acb- and PFC-driven feeding. Conversely, opioid-mediated feeding responses elicited from the PFC are negatively modulated by AMPA signaling in the Acb shell. CONCLUSIONS Opioid signaling in the PFC engages functionally opposed PFC➔hypothalamus and PFC➔Acb circuits, which, respectively, drive and limit non-homeostatic feeding, producing a disorganized and "fragmented" pattern of impulsive food-seeking behaviors and hyperactivity. In addition, opioids act directly in the Acb to facilitate food motivation and taste hedonics. Further study of this cortico-striato-hypothalamic circuit, and incorporation of additional opioid-responsive telencephalic structures, could yield insights with translational relevance for eating disorders and obesity.
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Mishra A, Anand M, Umesh S. Neurobiology of eating disorders - an overview. Asian J Psychiatr 2017; 25:91-100. [PMID: 28262179 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2016.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Revised: 09/03/2016] [Accepted: 10/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anand Mishra
- Central Institute of Psychiatry, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India.
| | - Manu Anand
- Central Institute of Psychiatry, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
| | - Shreekantiah Umesh
- K.S. Mani Centre for Cognitive Neurosciences, Central Institute of Psychiatry, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
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McCue DL, Kasper JM, Hommel JD. Regulation of motivation for food by neuromedin U in the paraventricular nucleus and the dorsal raphe nucleus. Int J Obes (Lond) 2017; 41:120-128. [PMID: 27748746 PMCID: PMC5209284 DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2016.178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2016] [Revised: 09/02/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Motivation for high-fat food is thought to contribute to excess caloric intake in obese individuals. A novel regulator of motivation for food may be neuromedin U (NMU), a highly-conserved neuropeptide that influences food intake. Although these effects of NMU have primarily been attributed to signaling in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN), NMU has also been found in other brain regions involved in both feeding behavior and motivation. We investigate the effects of NMU on motivation for food and food intake, and identify the brain regions mediating these effects. METHODS The motivational state for a particular reinforcer (e.g., high-fat food) can be assessed using a progressive-ratio schedule of reinforcement under which an increasing number of lever presses are required to obtain subsequent reinforcers. Here, we have used a progressive-ratio operant responding paradigm in combination with an assessment of cumulative food intake to evaluate the effects of NMU administration in rats, and identify the brain regions mediating these effects. RESULTS We found that peripheral administration of NMU decreases operant responding for high-fat food in rats. Evaluation of Fos-like immunoreactivity in response to peripheral NMU indicated the PVN and dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) as sites of action for NMU. NMU infusion into either region mimics the effects of peripheral NMU on food intake and operant responding for food. NMU-containing projections from the lateral hypothalamus (LH) to the PVN and DRN were identified as an endogenous source of NMU. CONCLUSIONS These results identify the DRN as a site of action for NMU, demonstrate that the LH provides endogenous NMU to the PVN and DRN and implicate NMU signaling in the PVN and DRN as a novel regulator of motivation for high-fat foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- David L. McCue
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555-0615
- Center for Addiction Research, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555-0615
| | - James M. Kasper
- Center for Addiction Research, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555-0615
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555-0615
| | - Jonathan D. Hommel
- Center for Addiction Research, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555-0615
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555-0615
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Abstract
Multiple physiologic and neural systems contribute to the controls over what and how much we eat. These systems include signaling involved in the detection and signaling of nutrient availability, signals arising from consumed nutrients that provide feedback information during a meal to induce satiation, and signals related to the rewarding properties of eating. Each of these has a separate neural representation, but important interactions among these systems are critical to the overall controls of food intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy H Moran
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 720 Rutland Avenue, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Global Obesity Prevention Center at Johns Hopkins, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
| | - Ellen E Ladenheim
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 720 Rutland Avenue, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
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Li H, Kek HC, Lim J, Gelling RW, Han W. Green tea (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate counteracts daytime overeating induced by high-fat diet in mice. Mol Nutr Food Res 2016; 60:2565-2575. [DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201600162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Revised: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 07/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongyu Li
- Laboratory of Metabolic Medicine; Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR); Singapore
| | | | - Joy Lim
- Laboratory of Metabolic Medicine; Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR); Singapore
| | - Richard Wayne Gelling
- Abbott Nutrition; Abbott Laboratories (Singapore) Pte Ltd; Singapore
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine; National University of Singapore; Singapore
| | - Weiping Han
- Laboratory of Metabolic Medicine; Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR); Singapore
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Richard JM, Fields HL. Mu-opioid receptor activation in the medial shell of nucleus accumbens promotes alcohol consumption, self-administration and cue-induced reinstatement. Neuropharmacology 2016; 108:14-23. [PMID: 27089981 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2016.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2015] [Revised: 04/06/2016] [Accepted: 04/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Endogenous opioid signaling in ventral cortico-striatal-pallidal circuitry is implicated in elevated alcohol consumption and relapse to alcohol seeking. Mu-opioid receptor activation in the medial shell of the nucleus accumbens (NAc), a region implicated in multiple aspects of reward processing, elevates alcohol consumption while NAc opioid antagonists reduce it. However, the precise nature of the increases in alcohol consumption, and the effects of mu-opioid agonists on alcohol seeking and relapse are not clear. Here, we tested the effects of the mu-opioid agonist [D-Ala(2), N-MePhe(4), Gly-ol]-enkephalin (DAMGO) in rat NAc shell on lick microstructure in a free-drinking test, alcohol seeking during operant self-administration, extinction learning and expression, and cue-reinforced reinstatement of alcohol seeking. DAMGO enhanced the number, but not the size of drinking bouts. DAMGO also enhanced operant alcohol self-administration and cue-induced reinstatement, but did not affect extinction learning or elicit reinstatement in the absence of cues. Our results suggest that mu-opioid agonism in NAc shell elevates alcohol consumption, seeking and conditioned reinforcement primarily by enhancing the incentive motivational properties of alcohol and alcohol-paired cues, rather than by modulating palatability, satiety, or reinforcement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jocelyn M Richard
- Department of Neurology, The Wheeler Center for the Neurobiology of Addiction, Alcoholism and Addiction Research Group, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - Howard L Fields
- Department of Neurology, The Wheeler Center for the Neurobiology of Addiction, Alcoholism and Addiction Research Group, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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Ardianto C, Yonemochi N, Yamamoto S, Yang L, Takenoya F, Shioda S, Nagase H, Ikeda H, Kamei J. Opioid systems in the lateral hypothalamus regulate feeding behavior through orexin and GABA neurons. Neuroscience 2016; 320:183-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2016.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2015] [Revised: 01/28/2016] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Lerma-Cabrera JM, Carvajal F, Lopez-Legarrea P. Food addiction as a new piece of the obesity framework. Nutr J 2016; 15:5. [PMID: 26758504 PMCID: PMC4711027 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-016-0124-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Accepted: 01/09/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jose Manuel Lerma-Cabrera
- Centro de Investigacion Biomedica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autonoma de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Francisca Carvajal
- Centro de Investigacion Biomedica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autonoma de Chile, Santiago, Chile. .,Depto de Psicología y Sociología. Facultad de Ciencias Sociales y Humanas, Universidad de Zaragoza, Teruel, España.
| | - Patricia Lopez-Legarrea
- Centro de Investigacion Biomedica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autonoma de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
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Laque A, Yu S, Qualls-Creekmore E, Gettys S, Schwartzenburg C, Bui K, Rhodes C, Berthoud HR, Morrison CD, Richards BK, Münzberg H. Leptin modulates nutrient reward via inhibitory galanin action on orexin neurons. Mol Metab 2015; 4:706-17. [PMID: 26500842 PMCID: PMC4588437 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2015.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2015] [Revised: 07/01/2015] [Accepted: 07/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Leptin modulates food reward via central leptin receptor (LepRb) expressing neurons. Food reward requires stimulation of midbrain dopamine neurons and is modulated by central leptin action, but the exact central mechanisms remain unclear. Stimulatory and inhibitory leptin actions on dopamine neurons have been reported, e.g. by indirect actions on orexin neurons or via direct innervation of dopamine neurons in the ventral tegmental area. Methods We showed earlier that LepRb neurons in the lateral hypothalamus (LHA) co-express the inhibitory acting neuropeptide galanin (GAL-LepRb neurons). We studied the involvement of GAL-LepRb neurons to regulate nutrient reward in mice with selective LepRb deletion from galanin neurons (GAL-LepRbKO mice). Results We found that the rewarding value and preference for sucrose over fat was increased in GAL-LepRbKO mice compared to controls. LHA GAL-LepRb neurons innervate orexin neurons, but not the VTA. Further, expression of galanin and its receptor GalR1 are decreased in the LHA of GAL-LepRbKO mice, resulting in increased activation of orexin neurons. Conclusion We suggest galanin as an important mediator of leptin action to modulate nutrient reward by inhibiting orexin neurons. GAL-LepRbKO shows ↓ galanin and ↓ GalR1 mRNA, ↑ body weight gain. GAL-LepRbKO shows ↑ orexin/hypocretin neuronal activation. GAL-LepRb neurons innervate local orexin/hypocretin and noradrenergic locus coeruleus neurons. Leptin regulates natural reward and body weight via GAL-LepRb neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Laque
- Central Leptin Signaling Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, LSU System, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Sangho Yu
- Central Leptin Signaling Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, LSU System, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Emily Qualls-Creekmore
- Central Leptin Signaling Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, LSU System, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Sarah Gettys
- Central Leptin Signaling Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, LSU System, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Candice Schwartzenburg
- Central Leptin Signaling Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, LSU System, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Kelly Bui
- Central Leptin Signaling Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, LSU System, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | | | - Hans-Rudolf Berthoud
- Neurobiology of Nutrition Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, LSU System, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Christopher D Morrison
- Neurosignaling Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, LSU System, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Brenda K Richards
- Genetics of Eating Behavior Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, LSU System, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Heike Münzberg
- Central Leptin Signaling Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, LSU System, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
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Leidy HJ, Todd CB, Zino AZ, Immel JE, Mukherjea R, Shafer RS, Ortinau LC, Braun M. Consuming High-Protein Soy Snacks Affects Appetite Control, Satiety, and Diet Quality in Young People and Influences Select Aspects of Mood and Cognition. J Nutr 2015; 145:1614-22. [PMID: 25995282 DOI: 10.3945/jn.115.212092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2015] [Accepted: 04/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Data concerning the effects of afternoon snacking on ingestive behavior, mood, and cognition are limited. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to compare 1088 kJ of high-protein (HP) or high-fat (HF) afternoon snacks vs. no snacking on appetite, food intake, mood, and cognition in adolescents. METHODS Thirty-one healthy adolescents (age: 17 ± 1 y) consumed the following afternoon snacks (in randomized order) for 3 d: HP snack (26 g of protein/6 g of fat per 27 g of carbohydrates), HF snack (4 g of protein/12 g of fat per 32 g of carbohydrates), and no snack (NoS). On day 4 of each treatment, the participants completed an 8-h testing day containing pre- and postsnack appetite questionnaires, food cue-stimulated functional MRI brain scans, mood, cognitive function, and eating initiation. Ad libitum dinner and evening snacks were provided and assessed. RESULTS HP, but not HF, delayed eating initiation vs. NoS (P < 0.05). Both snacks reduced appetite vs. NoS (P < 0.001) with HP eliciting greater reductions than HF (P < 0.05). Only HF led to reductions in corticolimbic activation in brain regions controlling food motivation/reward vs. NoS (P < 0.01). Although no treatment differences in daily energy intake were detected, HP led to greater protein consumption than NoS (P < 0.05) and greater protein and lower fat consumption than HF (both, P < 0.05). HP led to fewer HF/high-sugar evening snacks than NoS (P < 0.01) and HF (P = 0.09). Although no treatment effects were detected for mood and cognition, HP tended to reduce confusion-bewilderment (P = 0.07) and increase cognitive flexibility (P = 0.09), whereas NoS reduced tension-anxiety (P < 0.05) and vigor-activity (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Afternoon snacking, particularly on HP soy foods, improves appetite, satiety, and diet quality in adolescents, while beneficially influencing aspects of mood and cognition. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01781286.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather J Leidy
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO; and
| | - Chelsie B Todd
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO; and
| | - Adam Z Zino
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO; and
| | - Jordan E Immel
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO; and
| | | | - Rebecca S Shafer
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO; and
| | - Laura C Ortinau
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO; and
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Root DH, Melendez RI, Zaborszky L, Napier TC. The ventral pallidum: Subregion-specific functional anatomy and roles in motivated behaviors. Prog Neurobiol 2015; 130:29-70. [PMID: 25857550 PMCID: PMC4687907 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2015.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 220] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2014] [Revised: 03/19/2015] [Accepted: 03/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The ventral pallidum (VP) plays a critical role in the processing and execution of motivated behaviors. Yet this brain region is often overlooked in published discussions of the neurobiology of mental health (e.g., addiction, depression). This contributes to a gap in understanding the neurobiological mechanisms of psychiatric disorders. This review is presented to help bridge the gap by providing a resource for current knowledge of VP anatomy, projection patterns and subregional circuits, and how this organization relates to the function of VP neurons and ultimately behavior. For example, ventromedial (VPvm) and dorsolateral (VPdl) VP subregions receive projections from nucleus accumbens shell and core, respectively. Inhibitory GABAergic neurons of the VPvm project to mediodorsal thalamus, lateral hypothalamus, and ventral tegmental area, and this VP subregion helps discriminate the appropriate conditions to acquire natural rewards or drugs of abuse, consume preferred foods, and perform working memory tasks. GABAergic neurons of the VPdl project to subthalamic nucleus and substantia nigra pars reticulata, and this VP subregion is modulated by, and is necessary for, drug-seeking behavior. Additional circuits arise from nonGABAergic neuronal phenotypes that are likely to excite rather than inhibit their targets. These subregional and neuronal phenotypic circuits place the VP in a unique position to process motivationally relevant stimuli and coherent adaptive behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- David H Root
- Department of Psychology, Rutgers University, 152 Frelinghuysen Road, New Brunswick, NJ 08854, United States.
| | - Roberto I Melendez
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Puerto Rico School of Medicine, San Juan, PR 00936, United States.
| | - Laszlo Zaborszky
- Center for Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 197 University Avenue, Newark, NJ 07102, United States.
| | - T Celeste Napier
- Departments of Pharmacology and Psychiatry, Center for Compulsive Behavior and Addiction, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, United States.
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Effects of co-administration of 2-arachidonylglycerol (2-AG) and a selective µ-opioid receptor agonist into the nucleus accumbens on high-fat feeding behaviors in the rat. Brain Res 2015; 1618:309-15. [PMID: 26100333 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2015.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2015] [Revised: 05/26/2015] [Accepted: 06/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Previous research has demonstrated that the nucleus accumbens is a site where opioids and cannabinoids interact to alter feeding behavior. However, the influence of the endocannabinoid 2-arachidonylglycerol (2-AG) on the well-characterized model of intra-accumbens opioid driven high-fat feeding behavior has not been explored. The present experiments examined high-fat feeding associated behaviors produced by the interaction of 2-AG and the μ-opioid receptor agonist DAla(2),N,Me-Phe(4),Gly-ol(5)-enkaphalin (DAMGO) administered into the nucleus accumbens. Sprague-Dawley rats were implanted with bilateral cannulae aimed at the nucleus accumbens and were co-administered both a sub-threshold dose of 2-AG (0 or 0.25 μg/0.5 μl/side) and DAMGO (0, 0.025 μg or 0.25 μg/0.5 μl/side) in all dose combinations, and in a counterbalanced order. Animals were then immediately allowed a 2h-unrestricted access period to a palatable high-fat diet. Consumption, number and duration of food hopper entries, and locomotor activity were all monitored. DAMGO treatment led to an increase in multiple behaviors, including consumption, duration of food hopper entry, and locomotor activity. However, combined intra-accumbens administration of DAMGO and a subthreshold dose of 2-AG led to a significant increase in number of food hopper entries and locomotor activity, compared to DAMGO by itself. The results confirm that intra-accumbens administration of subthreshold dose of the endogenous cannabinoid 2-AG increases the DAMGO-induced approach and locomotor behaviors associated with high-fat feeding.
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Ruegsegger GN, Toedebusch RG, Will MJ, Booth FW. Mu opioid receptor modulation in the nucleus accumbens lowers voluntary wheel running in rats bred for high running motivation. Neuropharmacology 2015; 97:171-81. [PMID: 26044640 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2015.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2015] [Revised: 04/24/2015] [Accepted: 05/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The exact role of opioid receptor signaling in mediating voluntary wheel running is unclear. To provide additional understanding, female rats selectively bred for motivation of low (LVR) versus high voluntary running (HVR) behaviors were used. Aims of this study were 1) to identify intrinsic differences in nucleus accumbens (NAc) mRNA expression of opioid-related transcripts and 2) to determine if nightly wheel running is differently influenced by bilateral NAc injections of either the mu-opioid receptor agonist D-Ala2, NMe-Phe4, Glyo5-enkephalin (DAMGO) (0.25, 2.5 μg/side), or its antagonist, naltrexone (5, 10, 20 μg/side). In Experiment 1, intrinsic expression of Oprm1 and Pdyn mRNAs were higher in HVR compared to LVR. Thus, the data imply that line differences in opioidergic mRNA in the NAc could partially contribute to differences in wheel running behavior. In Experiment 2, a significant decrease in running distance was present in HVR rats treated with 2.5 μg DAMGO, or with 10 μg and 20 μg naltrexone between hours 0-1 of the dark cycle. Neither DAMGO nor naltrexone had a significant effect on running distance in LVR rats. Taken together, the data suggest that the high nightly voluntary running distance expressed by HVR rats is mediated by increased endogenous mu-opioid receptor signaling in the NAc, that is disturbed by either agonism or antagonism. In summary, our findings on NAc opioidergic mRNA expression and mu-opioid receptor modulations suggest HVR rats, compared to LVR rats, express higher running levels mediated by an increase in motivation driven, in part, by elevated NAc opioidergic signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory N Ruegsegger
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States.
| | - Ryan G Toedebusch
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Matthew J Will
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States; Christopher Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia MO, United States
| | - Frank W Booth
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States; Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States; Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States; Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
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Epigenetic and transgenerational reprogramming of brain development. Nat Rev Neurosci 2015; 16:332-44. [PMID: 25921815 DOI: 10.1038/nrn3818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 321] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Neurodevelopmental programming - the implementation of the genetic and epigenetic blueprints that guide and coordinate normal brain development - requires tight regulation of transcriptional processes. During prenatal and postnatal time periods, epigenetic processes fine-tune neurodevelopment towards an end product that determines how an organism interacts with and responds to exposures and experiences throughout life. Epigenetic processes also have the ability to reprogramme the epigenome in response to environmental challenges, such as maternal stress, making the organism more or less adaptive depending on the future challenges presented. Epigenetic marks generated within germ cells as a result of environmental influences throughout life can also shape future generations long before conception occurs.
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Liu S, Borgland S. Regulation of the mesolimbic dopamine circuit by feeding peptides. Neuroscience 2015; 289:19-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2014.12.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2014] [Revised: 12/27/2014] [Accepted: 12/31/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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41
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Vander Weele CM, Porter-Stransky KA, Mabrouk OS, Lovic V, Singer BF, Kennedy RT, Aragona BJ. Rapid dopamine transmission within the nucleus accumbens: dramatic difference between morphine and oxycodone delivery. Eur J Neurosci 2014; 40:3041-3054. [PMID: 25208732 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.12709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2014] [Accepted: 07/31/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
While most drugs of abuse increase dopamine neurotransmission, rapid neurochemical measurements show that different drugs evoke distinct dopamine release patterns within the nucleus accumbens. Rapid changes in dopamine concentration following psychostimulant administration have been well studied; however, such changes have never been examined following opioid delivery. Here, we provide novel measures of rapid dopamine release following intravenous infusion of two opioids, morphine and oxycodone, in drug-naïve rats using fast-scan cyclic voltammetry and rapid (1 min) microdialysis coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography - tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS). In addition to measuring rapid dopamine transmission, microdialysis HPLC-MS measures changes in GABA, glutamate, monoamines, monoamine metabolites and several other neurotransmitters. Although both opioids increased dopamine release in the nucleus accumbens, their patterns of drug-evoked dopamine transmission differed dramatically. Oxycodone evoked a robust and stable increase in dopamine concentration and a robust increase in the frequency and amplitude of phasic dopamine release events. Conversely, morphine evoked a brief (~ 1 min) increase in dopamine that was coincident with a surge in GABA concentration and then both transmitters returned to baseline levels. Thus, by providing rapid measures of neurotransmission, this study reveals previously unknown differences in opioid-induced neurotransmitter signaling. Investigating these differences may be essential for understanding how these two drugs of abuse could differentially usurp motivational circuitry and powerfully influence behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Omar S Mabrouk
- Departments of Chemistry and Pharmacology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Vedran Lovic
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Bryan F Singer
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Robert T Kennedy
- Departments of Chemistry and Pharmacology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Brandon J Aragona
- Program in Neuroscience, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109.,Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
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Billes SK, Sinnayah P, Cowley MA. Naltrexone/bupropion for obesity: an investigational combination pharmacotherapy for weight loss. Pharmacol Res 2014; 84:1-11. [PMID: 24754973 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2014.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2013] [Revised: 04/08/2014] [Accepted: 04/09/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The mechanism of action of the combination therapy, naltrexone/bupropion (NB), for obesity has not been fully described to date. Weight loss attempts rarely result in long-term success. This is likely a result of complex interactions among multiple peripheral and CNS systems that defend against weight loss, and may explain the overwhelming lack of effective obesity treatments. NB is an investigational combination therapy for obesity that was developed based on evidence that obesity involves alterations in the hypothalamic melanocortin system as well as brain reward systems that influence food craving and mood. Naltrexone and bupropion both have actions in these brain regions that may cause them to influence food intake, food craving, and other aspects of eating behavior that affect body weight. We review the individual actions of naltrexone and bupropion in brain hypothalamic and reward systems, and describe the current in vitro, in vivo, and clinical evidence for how NB influences food intake and produces weight loss.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Puspha Sinnayah
- College of Health and Biomedicine, Victoria University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michael A Cowley
- Department of Physiology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
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43
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Geha P, deAraujo I, Green B, Small DM. Decreased food pleasure and disrupted satiety signals in chronic low back pain. Pain 2014; 155:712-722. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pain.2013.12.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2013] [Revised: 12/10/2013] [Accepted: 12/20/2013] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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44
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Katsuura Y, Taha SA. Mu opioid receptor antagonism in the nucleus accumbens shell blocks consumption of a preferred sucrose solution in an anticipatory contrast paradigm. Neuroscience 2014; 261:144-52. [PMID: 24342569 PMCID: PMC3956648 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2013.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2013] [Revised: 11/27/2013] [Accepted: 12/03/2013] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Binge eating, a central feature of multiple eating disorders, is characterized by excessive consumption occurring during discrete, often brief, intervals. Highly palatable foods play an important role in these binge episodes - foods chosen during bingeing are typically higher in fat or sugar than those normally consumed. Multiple lines of evidence suggest a central role for signaling by endogenous opioids in promoting palatability-driven eating. This role extends to binge-like feeding studied in animal models, which is reduced by administration of opioid antagonists. However, the neural circuits and specific opioid receptors mediating these effects are not fully understood. In the present experiments, we tested the hypothesis that endogenous opioid signaling in the nucleus accumbens promotes consumption in a model of binge eating. We used an anticipatory contrast paradigm in which separate groups of rats were presented sequentially with 4% sucrose and then either 20% or 0% sucrose solutions. In rats presented with 4% and then 20% sucrose, daily training in this paradigm produced robust intake of 20% sucrose, preceded by learned hypophagia during access to 4% sucrose. We tested the effects of site-specific infusions of naltrexone (a nonspecific opioid receptor antagonist: 0, 1, 10, and 50μg/side in the nucleus accumbens core and shell), naltrindole (a delta opioid receptor antagonist: 0, 0.5, 5, and 10μg/side in the nucleus accumbens shell) and beta-funaltrexamine (a mu opioid receptor antagonist: 0 and 2.5μg/side in the nucleus accumbens shell) on consumption in this contrast paradigm. Our results show that signaling through the mu opioid receptor in the nucleus accumbens shell is dynamically modulated during formation of learned food preferences, and promotes binge-like consumption of palatable foods based on these learned preferences.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Anticipation, Psychological/drug effects
- Anticipation, Psychological/physiology
- Food Preferences/drug effects
- Food Preferences/physiology
- Learning/drug effects
- Learning/physiology
- Male
- Naltrexone/analogs & derivatives
- Naltrexone/pharmacology
- Narcotic Antagonists/pharmacology
- Nucleus Accumbens/drug effects
- Nucleus Accumbens/physiology
- Random Allocation
- Rats
- Rats, Long-Evans
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/metabolism
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/metabolism
- Sucrose
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Katsuura
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - S A Taha
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
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45
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Acute high fat diet consumption activates the mesolimbic circuit and requires orexin signaling in a mouse model. PLoS One 2014; 9:e87478. [PMID: 24466352 PMCID: PMC3900715 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0087478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2013] [Accepted: 12/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Overconsumption of palatable energy-dense foods has negative health implications and it is associated with obesity and several eating disorders. Currently, little is known about the neuronal circuitries activated by the acute ingestion of a rewarding stimulus. Here, we used a combination of immunohistochemistry, pharmacology and neuronal tracing analyses to examine the role of the mesolimbic system in general, and the orexin neurons in particular, in a simple experimental test in which naïve mice are allowed to spontaneously eat a pellet of a high fat diet (HFD) for 2 h. We found that acute HFD activates c-Fos expression in several reward-related brain areas, including the ventral tegmental area (VTA), nucleus accumbens, central amygdala and lateral hypothalamic area. We also found that: i- HFD-mediated orosensory stimulation was required for the mesolimbic pathway activation, ii- acute HFD differentially activates dopamine neurons of the paranigral, parabrachial pigmented and interfascicular sub-regions of the VTA, and iii- orexin neurons of the lateral hypothalamic area are responsive to acute HFD. Moreover, orexin signaling blockade, with the orexin 1 receptor antagonist SB-334867, reduces acute HFD consumption and c-Fos induction in the VTA but not in the other mesolimbic nuclei under study. Finally, we found that most orexin neurons responsive to acute HFD innervate the VTA. Our results show that acute HFD consumption recruits the mesolimbic system and that the full manifestation of this eating behavior requires the activation of orexin signaling.
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46
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Obesity--a neuropsychological disease? Systematic review and neuropsychological model. Prog Neurobiol 2014; 114:84-101. [PMID: 24394671 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2013.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2012] [Revised: 11/26/2013] [Accepted: 12/08/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is a global epidemic associated with a series of secondary complications and comorbid diseases such as diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, sleep-breathing disorders, and certain forms of cancer. On the surface, it seems that obesity is simply the phenotypic manifestation of deliberately flawed food intake behavior with the consequence of dysbalanced energy uptake and expenditure and can easily be reversed by caloric restriction and exercise. Notwithstanding this assumption, the disappointing outcomes of long-term clinical studies based on this assumption show that the problem is much more complex. Obviously, recent studies render that specific neurocircuits involved in appetite regulation are etiologically integrated in the pathomechanism, suggesting obesity should be regarded as a neurobiological disease rather than the consequence of detrimental food intake habits. Moreover, apart from the physical manifestation of overeating, a growing body of evidence suggests a close relationship with psychological components comprising mood disturbances, altered reward perception and motivation, or addictive behavior. Given that current dietary and pharmacological strategies to overcome the burgeoning threat of the obesity problem are of limited efficacy, bear the risk of adverse side-effects, and in most cases are not curative, new concepts integratively focusing on the fundamental neurobiological and psychological mechanisms underlying overeating are urgently required. This new approach to develop preventive and therapeutic strategies would justify assigning obesity to the spectrum of neuropsychological diseases. Our objective is to give an overview on the current literature that argues for this view and, on the basis of this knowledge, to deduce an integrative model for the development of obesity originating from disturbed neuropsychological functioning.
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47
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Effects of the mu-opioid receptor antagonist GSK1521498 on hedonic and consummatory eating behaviour: a proof of mechanism study in binge-eating obese subjects. Mol Psychiatry 2013; 18:1287-93. [PMID: 23147384 PMCID: PMC3835938 DOI: 10.1038/mp.2012.154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2012] [Revised: 09/06/2012] [Accepted: 09/07/2012] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The opioid system is implicated in the hedonic and motivational processing of food, and in binge eating, a behaviour strongly linked to obesity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of 4 weeks of treatment with the mu-opioid receptor antagonist GSK1521498 on eating behaviour in binge-eating obese subjects. Adults with body mass index ≥ 30 kg m(-2) and binge eating scale scores ≥ 19 received 1-week single-blind placebo run-in, and were then randomized to 28 days with either 2 mg day(-1) GSK1521498, 5 mg day(-1) GSK1521498 or placebo (N=21 per arm) in a double-blind parallel group design. The outcome measures were body weight, fat mass, hedonic and consummatory eating behaviour during inpatient food challenges, safety and pharmacokinetics. The primary analysis was the comparison of change scores in the higher-dose treatment group versus placebo using analysis of covariance at each relevant time point. GSK1521498 (2 mg and 5 mg) was not different from placebo in its effects on weight, fat mass and binge eating scores. However, compared with placebo, GSK1521498 5 mg day(-1) caused a significant reduction in hedonic responses to sweetened dairy products and reduced calorific intake, particularly of high-fat foods during ad libitum buffet meals, with some of these effects correlating with systemic exposure of GSK1521498. There were no significant effects of GSK1521498 2 mg day(-1) on eating behaviour, indicating dose dependency of pharmacodynamics. GSK1521498 was generally well tolerated and no previously unidentified safety signals were detected. The potential for these findings to translate into clinically significant effects in the context of binge eating and weight regain prevention requires further investigation.
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48
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Xi D, Roizen J, Lai M, Gandhi N, Kublaoui B. Paraventricular nucleus Sim1 neuron ablation mediated obesity is resistant to high fat diet. PLoS One 2013; 8:e81087. [PMID: 24260538 PMCID: PMC3834298 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0081087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2013] [Accepted: 10/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Single minded 1 (SIM1) is a transcription factor involved in brain patterning and control of energy balance. In humans, haploinsufficiency of SIM1 causes early-onset obesity. Mice deficient in the homologous gene, SIM1, also exhibit early onset obesity and increased sensitivity to a high fat diet. SIM1 is expressed in several areas of the brain implicated in control of energy balance including the paraventricular nucleus (PVN), the supraoptic nucleus (SON), the medial amygdala and nucleus of the lateral olfactory tract. We have previously shown that mice with global Sim1 neuron ablation exhibit obesity with hyperphagia as the primary defect. The PVN has a critical role in feeding and in high-fat appetite, thus, we sought to determine the effect of Sim1 neuron ablation limited to the PVN. We achieved PVN-SIM1 limited ablation through stereotactic injection of diphtheria toxin into the PVN of Sim1Cre-iDTR mice. The specificity of this ablation was confirmed by immunohistochemistry and quantitative real time PCR of the PVN, supraoptic nucleus and the amygdala. Mice with PVN Sim1 neuron ablation, similar to mice with global Sim1 neuron ablation, exhibit early onset obesity with hyperphagia as the primary defect. However, PVN-Sim1 neuron ablated mice have a decreased response to fasting-induced hyperphagia. Consistent with this decrement, PVN-Sim1 neuron ablated mice have a decreased hyperphagic response to PVN injection of agouti-related peptide (AgRP). When PVN-Sim1 neuron ablated mice are placed on a high fat diet, surprisingly, their intake decreases and they actually lose weight. When allowed ad lib access to high fat diet and normal chow simultaneously, PVN-Sim1 neuron ablated mice exhibit overall decreased intake. That is, in PVN-Sim1 neuron ablated mice, access to fat suppresses overall appetite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Xi
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Jeff Roizen
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Meizan Lai
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Nilay Gandhi
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Bassil Kublaoui
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
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49
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Parker KE, Johns HW, Floros TG, Will MJ. Central amygdala opioid transmission is necessary for increased high-fat intake following 24-h food deprivation, but not following intra-accumbens opioid administration. Behav Brain Res 2013; 260:131-8. [PMID: 24257074 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2013.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2013] [Revised: 11/06/2013] [Accepted: 11/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Previous research has demonstrated a dissociation of certain neural mediators that contribute to the increased consumption of a high-fat diet that follows intra-accumbens (Acb) administration of μ-opioid receptor agonists vs. 24-h food deprivation. These two models, both which induce rapid consumption of the diet, have been shown to involve a distributed corticolimbic circuitry, including the amygdala. Specifically, the central amygdala (CeA) has been shown to be involved in high-fat feeding within both opioid and food-deprivation driven models. The present experiments were conducted to examine the more specific role of CeA opioid transmission in mediating high-fat feeding driven by either intra-Acb administration of the μ-opioid agonist d-Ala2-NMe-Phe4-Glyol5-enkephalin (DAMGO) or 24-h home cage food deprivation. Injection of DAMGO into the Acb (0.25 μg/0.5 μl/side) increased consumption of the high-fat diet, but this feeding was unaffected by administration of opioid antagonist, naltrexone (5 μg/0.25 μl/side) administered into the CeA. In contrast, intra-CeA naltrexone administration attenuated high-fat intake driven by 24-h food deprivation, demonstrating a specific role for CeA opioid transmission in high-fat consumption. Intra-CeA naltrexone administration alone had no effect on baseline feeding levels within either feeding model. These findings suggest that CeA opioid transmission mediates consumption of a palatable high-fat diet driven by short-term negative-energy balance (24-h food deprivation), but not intra-Acb opioid receptor activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle E Parker
- Department of Psychology, Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.
| | - Howard W Johns
- Department of Psychology, Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Ted G Floros
- Department of Psychology, Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Matthew J Will
- Department of Psychology, Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
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50
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Klump KL, Racine S, Hildebrandt B, Sisk CL. Sex differences in binge eating patterns in male and female adult rats. Int J Eat Disord 2013; 46:729-36. [PMID: 23625647 DOI: 10.1002/eat.22139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Several efforts are underway to model binge eating in animals in order to advance neurobiological models of risk. However, knowledge of sex differences in these models is currently lacking. The goal of the present study was to examine sex differences in binge eating phenotypes using a well-established rodent model (i.e., the binge eating resistant/binge eating prone model). METHOD Thirty male and 30 female adult Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to feeding tests consisting of intermittent access to palatable food (PF). Rats were then categorized as binge eating prone (BEP) based on the amount and consistency of PF consumption across tests. RESULTS Across multiple methods for BEP classification, rates of BEP phenotypes were two to six times higher in female than male rats. DISCUSSION Findings provide support for sex differences in rodent models of binge eating and highlight the promise of the BER/BEP model for understanding neurobiological mechanisms underlying sex differences in risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly L Klump
- Department of Psychology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, 48824
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