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Bai J, Chen Y, Sun Y, Wang X, Wang Y, Guo S, Shang Z, Shao Z. EphA2 promotes the transcription of KLF4 to facilitate stemness in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:278. [PMID: 38916835 PMCID: PMC11335203 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-024-05325-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
Ephrin receptor A2 (EphA2), a member of the Ephrin receptor family, is closely related to the progression of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Cancer stem cells (CSCs) play essential roles in OSCC development and occurrence. The underlying mechanisms between EphA2 and CSCs, however, are not yet fully understood. Here, we found that EphA2 was overexpressed in OSCC tissues and was associated with poor prognosis. Knockdown of EphA2 dampened the CSC phenotype and the tumour-initiating frequency of OSCC cells. Crucially, the effects of EphA2 on the CSC phenotype relied on KLF4, a key transcription factor for CSCs. Mechanistically, EphA2 activated the ERK signalling pathway, promoting the nuclear translocation of YAP. Subsequently, YAP was bound to TEAD3, leading to the transcription of KLF4. Overall, our findings revealed that EphA2 can enhance the stemness of OSCC cells, and this study identified the EphA2/KLF4 axis as a potential target for treating OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junqiang Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yunqing Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xinmiao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yifan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shutian Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhengjun Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
| | - Zhe Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
- Day Surgery Center, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
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Zhu F, Yan N, Lu X, Xu J, Gu H, Liang J, Cheng K, Wang X, Ma X, Ma N, Zhao X, Chen C, Nie G. Cell-Reprogramming-Inspired Dynamically Responsive Hydrogel Boosts the Induction of Pluripotency via Phase-Separated Biomolecular Condensates. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2211609. [PMID: 36989141 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202211609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have wide applications in disease modeling, personalized medicine, and tissue engineering. The generation of iPSCs from somatic cells via transcriptional-factor- or chemical molecule-based approaches are time-consuming and inefficient. Here, a cell-reprogramming-inspired dynamically responsive hydrogel is fabricated via a synthetic-biology-based strategy. Human and mouse somatic cells (including senescent cells) are efficiently reprogrammed into iPSCs that exhibit key features of embryonic stem cells. The cell-reprogramming-responsive hydrogel possesses dynamic bioresponsiveness, and it faithfully senses metabolic remodeling and extracellular acidification during cell reprogramming, responding by changing its mechanical properties accordingly. Mechanistic study demonstrates that the autonomous change of the mechanical properties of the cell-reprogramming-responsive hydrogel elicits the formation of Yes-associated protein (YAP) biomolecular condensates with the appropriate timing during cell reprogramming, ensuring a faster and more efficient generation of iPSCs than conventional cell reprogramming approach. Taken together, this study reveals the robust induction of pluripotency by coordination of cell-reprogramming-inspired dynamically responsive hydrogel and phase-separated biomolecular condensates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety & CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Na Yan
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety & CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing, 100190, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xukun Lu
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, 100084, China
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Junchao Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety & CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing, 100190, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Haiyan Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Jie Liang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety & CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing, 100190, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Keman Cheng
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety & CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Xiaona Wang
- Key Laboratory of RNA Biology, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Xiaotu Ma
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety & CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Nana Ma
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety & CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Xiao Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety & CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing, 100190, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Chunying Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety & CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing, 100190, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- The GBA National Institute for Nanotechnology Innovation, Guangdong, 510700, China
| | - Guangjun Nie
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety & CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing, 100190, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- The GBA National Institute for Nanotechnology Innovation, Guangdong, 510700, China
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Wu Y, Sun J, Wang W, Wang Y, Friedrich RE. How to make full use of dental pulp stem cells: an optimized cell culture method based on explant technology. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 12:1324049. [PMID: 38562666 PMCID: PMC10982513 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1324049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Dental pulp stem cells from humans possess self-renewal and versatile differentiation abilities. These cells, known as DPSC, are promising for tissue engineering due to their outstanding biological characteristics and ease of access without significant donor site trauma. Existing methods for isolating DPSC mainly include enzyme digestion and explant techniques. Compared with the enzymatic digestion technique, the outgrowth method is less prone to cell damage and loss during the operation, which is essential for DPSC with fewer tissue sources. Methods In order to maximize the amount of stem cells harvested while reducing the cost of DPSC culture, the feasibility of the optimized explant technique was evaluated in this experiment. Cell morphology, minimum cell emergence time, the total amount of cells harvested, cell survival, and proliferative and differentiation capacity of DPSC obtained with different numbers of explant attachments (A1-A5) were evaluated. Results There was a reduction in the survival rate of the cells in groups A2-A5, and the amount of harvested DPSC decreased in A3-A5 groups, but the DPSC harvested in groups A1-A4 had similar proliferative and differentiation abilities. However, starting from group A5, the survival rate, proliferation and differentiation ability of DPSC decreased significantly, and the adipogenic trend of the cells became more apparent, indicating that the cells had begun to enter the senescence state. Discussion The results of our study demonstrated that the DPSC obtained by the optimized explant method up to 4 times had reliable biological properties and is available for tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- You Wu
- Department of Stomatology, Chengdu Seventh People's Hospital (Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Chengdu Medical College), Chengdu, China
- The Department of Preventive Dentistry, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jiangling Sun
- Department of Science and Education, Guiyang Stomatological Hospital, Guiyang, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Wang Wang
- Center for Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Stomatology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Periodontics, Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Yao Wang
- The Department of Preventive Dentistry, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Reinhard E Friedrich
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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Hadzimustafic N, D’Elia A, Shamoun V, Haykal S. Human-Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells in Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1863. [PMID: 38339142 PMCID: PMC10855589 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
A hallmark of plastic and reconstructive surgery is restoring form and function. Historically, tissue procured from healthy portions of a patient's body has been used to fill defects, but this is limited by tissue availability. Human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) are stem cells derived from the de-differentiation of mature somatic cells. hiPSCs are of particular interest in plastic surgery as they have the capacity to be re-differentiated into more mature cells, and cultured to grow tissues. This review aims to evaluate the applications of hiPSCs in the plastic surgery context, with a focus on recent advances and limitations. The use of hiPSCs and non-human iPSCs has been researched in the context of skin, nerve, vasculature, skeletal muscle, cartilage, and bone regeneration. hiPSCs offer a future for regenerated autologous skin grafts, flaps comprised of various tissue types, and whole functional units such as the face and limbs. Also, they can be used to model diseases affecting tissues of interest in plastic surgery, such as skin cancers, epidermolysis bullosa, and scleroderma. Tumorigenicity, immunogenicity and pragmatism still pose significant limitations. Further research is required to identify appropriate somatic origin and induction techniques to harness the epigenetic memory of hiPSCs or identify methods to manipulate epigenetic memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Hadzimustafic
- Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada; (N.H.); (A.D.); (V.S.)
| | - Andrew D’Elia
- Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada; (N.H.); (A.D.); (V.S.)
| | - Valentina Shamoun
- Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada; (N.H.); (A.D.); (V.S.)
| | - Siba Haykal
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada
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Kim JH, Choi JI, Che YH, Sung SH, Lee H, Lee S, Park JH, Lee YI, Lee YS, Jeon WB, Kim YJ. Enhancing Viability of Human Embryonic Stem Cells during Cryopreservation via RGD-REP-Mediated Activation of FAK/AKT/FoxO3a Signaling Pathway. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2023; 20:1133-1143. [PMID: 37610706 PMCID: PMC10646010 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-023-00568-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cryopreservation is a crucial method for long-term storage and stable allocation of human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs), which are increasingly being used in various applications. However, preserving hPSCs in cryogenic conditions is challenging due to reduced recovery rates. METHODS To address this issue, the Arginine-Glycine-Aspartate (RGD) motif was incorporated into a recombinant elastin-like peptide (REP). Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) were treated with REP containing RGD motif (RGD-REP) during suspension and cryopreservation, and the survival rate was analyzed. The underlying mechanisms were also investigated. RESULTS The addition of RGD-REP to the cryopreservation solution improved cell survival and pluripotency marker expression. The improvement was confirmed to be due to the activation of the FAK-AKT cascade by RGD-REP binding to hESC surface interin protein, and consequent inhibition of FoxO3a. The inactivation of FoxO3a reduced the expression of apoptosis-related genes, such as BIM, leading to increased survival of PSCs in a suspension state. CONCLUSION RGD-REP, as a ligand for integrin protein, improves the survival and maintenance of hPSCs during cryopreservation by activating survival signals via the RGD motif. These results have potential implications for improving the efficiency of stem cell usage in both research and therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Hee Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong In Choi
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Hyun Che
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Haeng Sung
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Hojae Lee
- Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Biomanufacturing Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90069, USA
| | - Sun Lee
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hoon Park
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Il Lee
- Well Aging Research Center, Division of Biotechnology, DGIST, Daegu, 42988, Republic of Korea
- Department of Interdisciplinary Studies, DGIST, Daegu, 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Sam Lee
- Department of New Biology, DGIST, Daegu, 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Bae Jeon
- Well Aging Research Center, Division of Biotechnology, DGIST, Daegu, 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Jun Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea.
- KHU-KIST Department of Converging Science and Technology, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea.
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Wang W, Sun J, Aarabi G, Peters U, Fischer F, Klatt J, Gosau M, Smeets R, Beikler T. Effect of tetracycline hydrochloride application on dental pulp stem cell metabolism-booster or obstacle for tissue engineering? Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1277075. [PMID: 37841936 PMCID: PMC10568071 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1277075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Stem cells and scaffolds are an important foundation and starting point for tissue engineering. Human dental pulp stem cells (DPSC) are mesenchymal stem cells with self-renewal and multi-directional differentiation potential, and are ideal candidates for tissue engineering due to their excellent biological properties and accessibility without causing major trauma at the donor site. Tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH), a broad-spectrum antibiotic, has been widely used in recent years for the synthesis of cellular scaffolds to reduce the incidence of postoperative infections. Methods: In order to evaluate the effects of TCH on DPSC, the metabolism of DPSC in different concentrations of TCH environment was tested. Moreover, cell morphology, survival rates, proliferation rates, cell migration rates and differentiation abilities of DPSC at TCH concentrations of 0-500 μg/ml were measured. Phalloidin staining, live-dead staining, MTS assay, cell scratch assay and real-time PCR techniques were used to detect the changes in DPSC under varies TCH concentrations. Results: At TCH concentrations higher than 250 μg/ml, DPSC cells were sequestered, the proportion of dead cells increased, and the cell proliferation capacity and cell migration capacity decreased. The osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation abilities of DPSC, however, were already inhibited at TCH con-centrations higher than 50 μg/ml. Here, the expression of the osteogenic genes, runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) and osteocalcin (OCN), the lipogenic genes lipase (LPL), as well as the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ) expression were found to be down-regulated. Discussion: The results of the study indicated that TCH in concentrations above 50 µg/ml negatively affects the differentiation capability of DPSC. In addition, TCH at concentrations above 250 µg/ml adversely affects the growth status, percentage of living cells, proliferation and migration ability of cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Wang
- Department of Periodontics, Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jiangling Sun
- Department of Science and Education, Guiyang Stomatological Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ghazal Aarabi
- Department of Periodontics, Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ulrike Peters
- Department of Periodontics, Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Frank Fischer
- Department of Periodontics, Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jan Klatt
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Martin Gosau
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ralf Smeets
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Division of Regenerative Orofacial Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Beikler
- Department of Periodontics, Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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Roodbari AS, Solhjoo S, Palmerini MG, Mansouri M, Ezzatabadipour M. The effect of human menstrual blood-derived stem cells on ovarian folliculogenesis, angiogenesis and collagen volume in female rats affected by the polycystic ovary syndrome. J Ovarian Res 2023; 16:170. [PMID: 37608312 PMCID: PMC10463952 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-023-01244-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Infertility is one of the common problems among couples, affecting millions of people worldwide. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the main causes of infertility in women and is associated with abnormal folliculogenesis, angiogenesis and fibrosis. Common treatments may lead to numerous adverse effects on the patient's quality of life. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of human menstrual blood-derived stem cells on the ovarian histology of a PCOS model of Wistar rats. RESULTS Based on the Papanicolaou test and H&E staining results, the number of primary, secondary and antral follicles in the PCOS and PCOS-Sham groups significantly increased compared to the control group, while they significantly decreased in the PCOS + Stem cells group compared to the PCOS and PCOS-Sham groups. Further, the number of atretic follicles in both PCOS and PCOS-Sham groups significantly increased in comparison with the control group and decreased in the PCOS + Stem cells group, compared to the two mentioned groups. Moreover, the Graafian follicles number was decreased in the PCOS and PCOS-Sham groups to significantly increase in the PCOS + Stem cells group. Based on Masson's trichrome staining, the number of blood vessels in PCOS and PCOS-Sham groups significantly increased compared to the control group, while a decrease was observed in the PCOS + Stem cells group, compared to PCOS and PCOS-Sham groups. CONCLUSION The administration of MenSCs improved folliculogenesis in rats with polycystic ovaries. Also, MenSCs could ameliorate PCOS symptoms by improving fibrosis as well as angiogenesis and weight gain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Sarhadi Roodbari
- Anatomical Sciences Department, Afzalipour School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Somayeh Solhjoo
- Anatomical Sciences Department, Afzalipour School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Maria Grazia Palmerini
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Mahna Mansouri
- Anatomical Sciences Department, Afzalipour School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Massood Ezzatabadipour
- Anatomical Sciences Department, Afzalipour School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
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Wang X, Feng C. Chiral fiber supramolecular hydrogels for tissue engineering. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 15:e1847. [PMID: 36003042 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Tissue engineering (TE), as a new interdisciplinary discipline, aims to develop biological substitutes for repairing damaged tissues and organs. For the success of tissue regeneration, such biomaterials need to support the physiological activities of cells and allow the growth and maturation of tissues. Naturally, this regulation is achieved through the dynamic remodeling of the extracellular matrix (ECM) of cells. In recent years, chiral supramolecular hydrogels have shown higher application potential in the TE field than traditional polymer hydrogels due to their dynamic noncovalent interactions, adjustable self-assembly structure, and good biocompatibility. These advantages make it possible to construct hydrogels under physiological conditions with structure and function similar to those of the natural ECM. Meanwhile, the chiral characteristics of hydrogels play an important role in regulating cellular activities such as differentiation, adhesion, and proliferation, which is beneficial for tissue formation. In this review, a brief introduction is presented to highlight the importance of chiral fiber supramolecular hydrogels for TE at first. Afterward, the considerations for chiral supramolecular hydrogel design, as well as the influence of external stimuli on chiral hydrogel construction, are discussed. Finally, the potential application prospects of these materials in TE and the significant contribution made by our group in this field are summarized. This review not only helps to reveal the importance of chiral properties in TE but also provides new strategies for TE research based on chiral bionic microenvironments. This article is categorized under: Implantable Materials and Surgical Technologies > Nanotechnology in Tissue Repair and Replacement Biology-Inspired Nanomaterials > Peptide-Based Structures Nanotechnology Approaches to Biology > Cells at the Nanoscale Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Emerging Technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueqian Wang
- State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chuanliang Feng
- State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Mesquita FCP, Leite ES, Morrissey J, Freitas C, Coelho-Sampaio T, Hochman-Mendez C. Polymerized Laminin-521: A Feasible Substrate for Expanding Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells at a Low Protein Concentration. Cells 2022; 11:cells11243955. [PMID: 36552719 PMCID: PMC9777247 DOI: 10.3390/cells11243955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Laminins (LNs) play a central role in the self-assembly and maintenance of basement membranes and are involved in critical interactions between cells and other extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins. Among the defined, xeno-free ECM culture matrices, LNs-namely LN521-have emerged as promising coating systems for the large-scale expansion of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). The biologic activity of LNs is enhanced by their acidification-induced self-polymerization into a cell-associated network called polylaminin (polyLN), which can recapitulate the native-like polymeric array in a cell-free system. Here, we show for the first time to our knowledge that polyLN521 displays a native-like hexagonal-like structure and that, at basal and low concentrations, it permits the large-scale expansion of human iPSCs. Human iPSCs expanded with polyLN521 maintained the pluripotent state and showed no impairment of karyotype stability or telomere length. These results suggest that low-concentration polyLN521 is a stable and cost-effective coating for large-scale iPSC expansion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda C. P. Mesquita
- Department of Regenerative Medicine Research, The Texas Heart Institute, 6770 Bertner Avenue, MC 1-135, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Eliel S. Leite
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho B1-011, 373, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Jacquelynn Morrissey
- Department of Regenerative Medicine Research, The Texas Heart Institute, 6770 Bertner Avenue, MC 1-135, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Catarina Freitas
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho B1-011, 373, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Coelho-Sampaio
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho B1-011, 373, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Camila Hochman-Mendez
- Department of Regenerative Medicine Research, The Texas Heart Institute, 6770 Bertner Avenue, MC 1-135, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Correspondence:
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10
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Katiyar S, Singh D, Kumari S, Srivastava P, Mishra A. Novel strategies for designing regenerative skin products for accelerated wound healing. 3 Biotech 2022; 12:316. [PMID: 36276437 PMCID: PMC9547767 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-022-03331-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Healthy skin protects from pathogens, water loss, ultraviolet rays, and also maintains homeostasis conditions along with sensory perceptions in normal circumstances. Skin wound healing mechanism is a multi-phased biodynamic process that ultimately triggers intercellular and intracellular mechanisms. Failure to implement the normal and effective healing process may result in chronic injuries and aberrant scarring. Chronic wounds lead to substantial rising healthcare expenditure, and innovative methods to diagnose and control severe consequences are urgently needed. Skin tissue engineering (STE) has achieved several therapeutic accomplishments during the last few decades, demonstrating tremendous development. The engineered skin substitutes provide instant coverage for extensive wounds and facilitate the prevention of microbial infections and fluid loss; furthermore, they help in fighting inflammation and allow rapid neo-tissue formation. The current review primarily focused on the wound recovery and restoration process and the current conditions of STE with various advancements and complexities associated with different strategies such as cell sources, biopolymers, innovative fabrication techniques, and growth factors delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumya Katiyar
- School of Biochemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, 221005 India
| | - Divakar Singh
- School of Biochemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, 221005 India
| | - Shikha Kumari
- School of Biochemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, 221005 India
| | - Pradeep Srivastava
- School of Biochemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, 221005 India
| | - Abha Mishra
- School of Biochemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, 221005 India
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11
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Lizana-Vasquez GD, Arrieta-Viana LF, Mendez-Vega J, Acevedo A, Torres-Lugo M. Synthetic Thermo-Responsive Terpolymers as Tunable Scaffolds for Cell Culture Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14204379. [PMID: 36297960 PMCID: PMC9611013 DOI: 10.3390/polym14204379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of tailored synthetic hydrogels for in vitro tissue culture and biomanufacturing provides the advantage of mimicking the cell microenvironment without issues of batch-to-batch variability. To that end, this work focused on the design, characterization, and preliminary evaluation of thermo-responsive, transparent synthetic terpolymers based on N-isopropylacrylamide, vinylphenylboronic acid, and polyethylene glycol for cell manufacturing and in vitro culture applications. Polymer physical properties were characterized by FT-IR, 1H-NMR, DLS, rheology, and thermal-gravimetric analysis. Tested combinations provided polymers with a lower critical solution temperature (LCST) between 30 and 45 °C. Terpolymer elastic/shear modulus varied between 0.3 and 19.1 kPa at 37 °C. Cellular characterization indicated low cell cytotoxicity on NIH-3T3. Experiments with the ovarian cancer model SKOV-3 and Jurkat T cells showed the terpolymers’ capacity for cell encapsulation without interfering with staining or imaging protocols. In addition, cell growth and high levels of pluripotency demonstrated the capability of terpolymer to culture iPSCs. Characterization results confirmed a promising use of terpolymers as a tunable scaffold for cell culture applications.
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12
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Yang L, Hung LY, Zhu Y, Ding S, Margolis KG, Leong KW. Material Engineering in Gut Microbiome and Human Health. RESEARCH (WASHINGTON, D.C.) 2022; 2022:9804014. [PMID: 35958108 PMCID: PMC9343081 DOI: 10.34133/2022/9804014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Tremendous progress has been made in the past decade regarding our understanding of the gut microbiome's role in human health. Currently, however, a comprehensive and focused review marrying the two distinct fields of gut microbiome and material research is lacking. To bridge the gap, the current paper discusses critical aspects of the rapidly emerging research topic of "material engineering in the gut microbiome and human health." By engaging scientists with diverse backgrounds in biomaterials, gut-microbiome axis, neuroscience, synthetic biology, tissue engineering, and biosensing in a dialogue, our goal is to accelerate the development of research tools for gut microbiome research and the development of therapeutics that target the gut microbiome. For this purpose, state-of-the-art knowledge is presented here on biomaterial technologies that facilitate the study, analysis, and manipulation of the gut microbiome, including intestinal organoids, gut-on-chip models, hydrogels for spatial mapping of gut microbiome compositions, microbiome biosensors, and oral bacteria delivery systems. In addition, a discussion is provided regarding the microbiome-gut-brain axis and the critical roles that biomaterials can play to investigate and regulate the axis. Lastly, perspectives are provided regarding future directions on how to develop and use novel biomaterials in gut microbiome research, as well as essential regulatory rules in clinical translation. In this way, we hope to inspire research into future biomaterial technologies to advance gut microbiome research and gut microbiome-based theragnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letao Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lin Y. Hung
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Yuefei Zhu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Suwan Ding
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kara G. Margolis
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Kam W. Leong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
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13
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Ding X, Hu Y, Cheng H, Zhang X, Lu L, Gao S, Cheng C, Wang L, Qian X, Zhang C, Chai R, Gao X, Huang Z. Graphene Substrates Promote the Differentiation of Inner Ear Lgr5+ Progenitor Cells Into Hair Cells. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:927248. [PMID: 35814013 PMCID: PMC9256972 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.927248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The ideal treatment for sensory hearing loss is to regenerate inner ear hair cells (HCs) through stem cell therapy, thereby restoring the function and structure of the cochlea. Previous studies have found that Lgr5+ supporting cells (SCs) in the inner ear can regenerate HCs, thus being considered inner ear progenitor cells. In addition to traditional biochemical factors, physical factors such as electrical conductivity also play a crucial role in the regulation of stem cell proliferation and differentiation. In this study, the graphene substrates were used to culture Lgr5+ progenitor cells and investigated their regulatory effects on cells. It was demonstrated that the graphene substrates displayed great cytocompatibility for Lgr5+ progenitors and promoted their sphere-forming ability. Moreover, more Myosin7a+ cells were found on the graphene substrates compared with tissue culture polystyrene (TCPS). These results suggest that graphene is an efficient interface that can promote the differentiation of Lgr5+ progenitors into HCs, which is great significance for its future application in combination with Lgr5+ cells to regenerate HCs in the inner ear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqiong Ding
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Drum Tower Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yangnan Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hong Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Ling Lu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Song Gao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Cheng Cheng
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Lifen Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoyun Qian
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Chen Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Renjie Chai
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Renjie Chai, ; Xia Gao, ; Zhichun Huang,
| | - Xia Gao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Drum Tower Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Renjie Chai, ; Xia Gao, ; Zhichun Huang,
| | - Zhichun Huang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Renjie Chai, ; Xia Gao, ; Zhichun Huang,
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14
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Li M, Jiang Y, Hou Q, Zhao Y, Zhong L, Fu X. Potential pre-activation strategies for improving therapeutic efficacy of mesenchymal stem cells: current status and future prospects. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:146. [PMID: 35379361 PMCID: PMC8981790 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-02822-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-based therapy has been considered as a promising approach targeting a variety of intractable diseases due to remarkable multiple effect of MSCs, such as multilineage differentiation, immunomodulatory property, and pro-regenerative capacity. However, poor engraftment, low survival rate of transplanted MSC, and impaired donor-MSC potency under host age/disease result in unsatisfactory therapeutic outcomes. Enhancement strategies, including genetic manipulation, pre-activation, and modification of culture method, have been investigated to generate highly functional MSC, and approaches for MSC pre-activation are highlighted. In this review, we summarized the current approaches of MSC pre-activation and further classified, analysed the scientific principles and main characteristics of these manipulations, and described the pros and cons of individual pre-activation strategies. We also discuss the specialized tactics to solve the challenges in this promising field so that it improves MSC therapeutic functions to serve patients better.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meirong Li
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research Division and 4th Medical Center, PLA General Hospital and PLA Medical College, Beijing, China. .,PLA Key Laboratory of Tissue Repair and Regenerative Medicine and Beijing Key Research Laboratory of Skin Injury, Repair and Regeneration, Beijing, China. .,Research Unit of Trauma Care, Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences 2019RU051, Beijing, China.
| | - Yufeng Jiang
- Wound Repairing Department, PLA Strategic Support Force Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Qian Hou
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research Division and 4th Medical Center, PLA General Hospital and PLA Medical College, Beijing, China.,PLA Key Laboratory of Tissue Repair and Regenerative Medicine and Beijing Key Research Laboratory of Skin Injury, Repair and Regeneration, Beijing, China.,Research Unit of Trauma Care, Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences 2019RU051, Beijing, China
| | - Yali Zhao
- Central Laboratory, Trauma Treatment Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Hainan Hospital, Sanya, China
| | - Lingzhi Zhong
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research Division and 4th Medical Center, PLA General Hospital and PLA Medical College, Beijing, China.,PLA Key Laboratory of Tissue Repair and Regenerative Medicine and Beijing Key Research Laboratory of Skin Injury, Repair and Regeneration, Beijing, China.,Research Unit of Trauma Care, Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences 2019RU051, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaobing Fu
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research Division and 4th Medical Center, PLA General Hospital and PLA Medical College, Beijing, China. .,PLA Key Laboratory of Tissue Repair and Regenerative Medicine and Beijing Key Research Laboratory of Skin Injury, Repair and Regeneration, Beijing, China. .,Research Unit of Trauma Care, Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences 2019RU051, Beijing, China.
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15
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Baker MB, Bosman T, Cox MAJ, Dankers P, Dias A, Jonkheijm P, Kieltyka R. Supramolecular Biomaterials in the Netherlands. Tissue Eng Part A 2022; 28:511-524. [PMID: 35316128 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2022.0010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Synthetically designed biomaterials strive to recapitulate and mimic the complex environment of natural systems. Using natural materials as a guide, the ability to create high performance biomaterials that control cell fate, and support the next generation of cell and tissue-based therapeutics, is starting to emerge. Supramolecular chemistry takes inspiration from the wealth of non-covalent interactions found in natural materials that are inherently complex, and using the skills of synthetic and polymer chemistry, recreates simple systems to imitate their features. Within the past decade, supramolecular biomaterials have shown utility in tissue engineering and the progress predicts a bright future. On this 30th anniversary of the Netherlands Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering society, we will briefly recount the state of supramolecular biomaterials in the Dutch academic and industrial research and development context. This review will provide the background, recent advances, industrial successes and challenges, as well as future directions of the field, as we see it. Throughout this work, we notice the intricate interplay between simplicity and complexity in creating more advanced solutions. We hope that the interplay and juxtaposition between these two forces can propel the field forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew B Baker
- Maastricht University, 5211, Complex Tissue Regeneration Department, MERLN Institute for Technology Inspired Regenerative Medicine, 6211LK, Limburg, Netherlands.,Maastricht University, 5211, MERLN/CTR, Maastricht, Limburg, Netherlands;
| | | | - Martijn A J Cox
- Xeltis BV, Lismortel 31, PO Box 80, Eindhoven, Netherlands, 5600AB;
| | - Patricia Dankers
- Eindhoven University of Technology, 3169, Department of Pathology, Eindhoven, Noord-Brabant, Netherlands;
| | | | - Pascal Jonkheijm
- MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente , Molecular Nanofabrication group, Enschede, Netherlands;
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16
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Gokce C, Gurcan C, Delogu LG, Yilmazer A. 2D Materials for Cardiac Tissue Repair and Regeneration. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:802551. [PMID: 35224044 PMCID: PMC8873146 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.802551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) have a massive impact on human health. Due to the limited regeneration capacity of adult heart tissue, CVDs are the leading cause of death and disability worldwide. Even though there are surgical and pharmacological treatments for CVDs, regenerative strategies are the most promising approaches and have the potential to benefit millions of people. As in any other tissue engineering approach, the repair and regeneration of damaged cardiac tissues generally involve scaffolds made up of biodegradable and biocompatible materials, cellular components such as stem cells, and growth factors. This review provides an overview of biomaterial-based tissue engineering approaches for CVDs with a specific focus on the potential of 2D materials. It is essential to consider both physicochemical and immunomodulatory properties for evaluating the applicability of 2D materials in cardiac tissue repair and regeneration. As new members of the 2D materials will be explored, they will quickly become part of cardiac tissue engineering technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cemile Gokce
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Cansu Gurcan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
- Stem Cell Institute, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Acelya Yilmazer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
- Stem Cell Institute, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
- *Correspondence: Acelya Yilmazer
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17
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Totten JD, Alhadrami HA, Jiffri EH, McMullen CJ, Seib FP, Carswell HVO. Towards clinical translation of 'second-generation' regenerative stroke therapies: hydrogels as game changers? Trends Biotechnol 2021; 40:708-720. [PMID: 34815101 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2021.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Stroke is an unmet clinical need with a paucity of treatments, at least in part because chronic stroke pathologies are prohibitive to 'first-generation' stem cell-based therapies. Hydrogels can remodel the hostile stroke microenvironment to aid endogenous and exogenous regenerative repair processes. However, no clinical trials have yet been successfully commissioned for these 'second-generation' hydrogel-based therapies for chronic ischaemic stroke regeneration. This review recommends a path forward to improve hydrogel technology for future clinical translation for stroke. Specifically, we suggest that a better understanding of human host stroke tissue-hydrogel interactions in addition to the effects of scaling up hydrogel volume to human-sized cavities would help guide translation of these second-generation regenerative stroke therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- John D Totten
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0RE, UK
| | - Hani A Alhadrami
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Essam H Jiffri
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Calum J McMullen
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0RE, UK
| | - F Philipp Seib
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0RE, UK; EPSRC Future Manufacturing Research Hub for Continuous Manufacturing and Advanced Crystallisation (CMAC), University of Strathclyde, Technology and Innovation Centre, Glasgow G1 1RD, UK
| | - Hilary V O Carswell
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0RE, UK.
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18
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Poorna MR, Jayakumar R, Chen JP, Mony U. Hydrogels: A potential platform for induced pluripotent stem cell culture and differentiation. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2021; 207:111991. [PMID: 34333302 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2021.111991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) can be used to generate desired types of cells that belong to the three germ layers (i.e., ectoderm, endoderm and mesoderm). These cells possess great potential in regenerative medicine. Before iPSCs are used in various biomedical applications, the existing xenogeneic culture methods must be improved to meet the technical standards of safety, cost effectiveness, and ease of handling. In addition to commonly used 2D substrates, a culture system that mimics the native cellular environment in tissues will be a good choice when culturing iPS cells and differentiating them into different lineages. Hydrogels are potential candidates that recapitulate the native complex three-dimensional microenvironment. They possess mechanical properties similar to those of many soft tissues. Moreover, hydrogels support iPSC adhesion, proliferation and differentiation to various cell types. They are xeno-free and cost-effective. In addition to other substrates, such as mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF), Matrigel, and vitronectin, the use of hydrogel-based substrates for iPSC culture and differentiation may help generate large numbers of clinical-grade cells that can be used in potential clinical applications. This review mainly focuses on the use of hydrogels for the culture and differentiation of iPSCs into various cell types and their potential applications in regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- M R Poorna
- Centre for Nanosciences and Molecular Medicine, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi 682041, India
| | - R Jayakumar
- Centre for Nanosciences and Molecular Medicine, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi 682041, India
| | - Jyh-Ping Chen
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Chang Gung University, Kwei-San, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery and Craniofacial Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Kwei-San, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan, ROC; Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety, Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Ullas Mony
- Centre for Nanosciences and Molecular Medicine, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi 682041, India; Department of Biochemistry, Centre of Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics (COMManD), Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, 600077, India.
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19
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Jung H, Rim YA, Park N, Nam Y, Ju JH. Restoration of Osteogenesis by CRISPR/Cas9 Genome Editing of the Mutated COL1A1 Gene in Osteogenesis Imperfecta. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10143141. [PMID: 34300306 PMCID: PMC8307903 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10143141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a genetic disease characterized by bone fragility and repeated fractures. The bone fragility associated with OI is caused by a defect in collagen formation due to mutation of COL1A1 or COL1A2. Current strategies for treating OI are not curative. In this study, we generated induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from OI patient-derived blood cells harboring a mutation in the COL1A1 gene. Osteoblast (OB) differentiated from OI-iPSCs showed abnormally decreased levels of type I collagen and osteogenic differentiation ability. Gene correction of the COL1A1 gene using CRISPR/Cas9 recovered the decreased type I collagen expression in OBs differentiated from OI-iPSCs. The osteogenic potential of OI-iPSCs was also recovered by the gene correction. This study suggests a new possibility of treatment and in vitro disease modeling using patient-derived iPSCs and gene editing with CRISPR/Cas9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyerin Jung
- CiSTEM Laboratory, Convergent Research Consortium for Immunologic Disease, College of Medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06591, Korea; (H.J.); (Y.A.R.); (N.P.)
- Catholic iPSC Research Center, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 137-701, Korea
| | - Yeri Alice Rim
- CiSTEM Laboratory, Convergent Research Consortium for Immunologic Disease, College of Medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06591, Korea; (H.J.); (Y.A.R.); (N.P.)
- Catholic iPSC Research Center, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 137-701, Korea
| | - Narae Park
- CiSTEM Laboratory, Convergent Research Consortium for Immunologic Disease, College of Medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06591, Korea; (H.J.); (Y.A.R.); (N.P.)
- Catholic iPSC Research Center, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 137-701, Korea
| | - Yoojun Nam
- YiPSCELL, Inc., 39 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06579, Korea;
| | - Ji Hyeon Ju
- CiSTEM Laboratory, Convergent Research Consortium for Immunologic Disease, College of Medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06591, Korea; (H.J.); (Y.A.R.); (N.P.)
- Catholic iPSC Research Center, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 137-701, Korea
- YiPSCELL, Inc., 39 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06579, Korea;
- Divison of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06281, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-2258-6013
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20
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Yin S, Cao Y. Hydrogels for Large-Scale Expansion of Stem Cells. Acta Biomater 2021; 128:1-20. [PMID: 33746032 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Stem cells demonstrate considerable promise for various preclinical and clinical applications, including drug screening, disease treatments, and regenerative medicine. Producing high-quality and large amounts of stem cells is in demand for these applications. Despite challenges, as hydrogel-based cell culture technology has developed, tremendous progress has been made in stem cell expansion and directed differentiation. Hydrogels are soft materials with abundant water. Many hydrogel properties, including biodegradability, mechanical strength, and porosity, have been shown to play essential roles in regulating stem cell proliferation and differentiation. The biochemical and physical properties of hydrogels can be specifically tailored to mimic the native microenvironment that various stem cells reside in vivo. A few hydrogel-based systems have been developed for successful stem cell cultures and expansion in vitro. In this review, we summarize various types of hydrogels that have been designed to effectively enhance the proliferation of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs), and pluripotent stem cells (PSCs), respectively. According to each stem cell type's preference, we also discuss strategies for fabricating hydrogels with biochemical and mechanical cues and other characteristics representing microenvironments of stem cells in vivo. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: In this review article we summarize current progress on the construction of hydrogel systems for the culture and expansion of various stem cells, including hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs), and pluripotent stem cells (PSCs). The Significance includes: (1) Provide detailed discussion on the stem cell niches that should be considered for stem cell in vitro expansion. (2) Summarize various strategies to construct hydrogels that can largely recapture the microenvironment of native stem cells. (3) Suggest a few future directions that can be implemented to improve current in vitro stem cell expansion systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Yin
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructure, Department of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China; Chemistry and Biomedicine innovation center, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China; Institute for Brain Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China; Shenzhen Research Institute of Nanjing University, Shenzhen, China, 518057
| | - Yi Cao
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructure, Department of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China; Chemistry and Biomedicine innovation center, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China; Institute for Brain Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China; Shenzhen Research Institute of Nanjing University, Shenzhen, China, 518057.
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21
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Campbell DR, Senger CN, Ryan AL, Magin CM. Engineering Tissue-Informed Biomaterials to Advance Pulmonary Regenerative Medicine. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:647834. [PMID: 33898484 PMCID: PMC8060451 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.647834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Biomaterials intentionally designed to support the expansion, differentiation, and three-dimensional (3D) culture of induced-pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) may pave the way to cell-based therapies for chronic respiratory diseases. These conditions are endured by millions of people worldwide and represent a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. Currently, there are no effective treatments for the majority of advanced lung diseases and lung transplantation remains the only hope for many chronically ill patients. Key opinion leaders speculate that the novel coronavirus, COVID-19, may lead to long-term lung damage, further exacerbating the need for regenerative therapies. New strategies for regenerative cell-based therapies harness the differentiation capability of human iPSCs for studying pulmonary disease pathogenesis and treatment. Excitingly, biomaterials are a cell culture platform that can be precisely designed to direct stem cell differentiation. Here, we present a closer look at the state-of-the-art of iPSC differentiation for pulmonary engineering, offer evidence supporting the power of biomaterials to improve stem cell differentiation, and discuss our perspective on the potential for tissue-informed biomaterials to transform pulmonary regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donald R. Campbell
- Department of Bioengineering, Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Christiana N. Senger
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Hastings Center for Pulmonary Research, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Amy L. Ryan
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Hastings Center for Pulmonary Research, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Chelsea M. Magin
- Department of Bioengineering, Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States
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22
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Tupone MG, d'Angelo M, Castelli V, Catanesi M, Benedetti E, Cimini A. A State-of-the-Art of Functional Scaffolds for 3D Nervous Tissue Regeneration. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:639765. [PMID: 33816451 PMCID: PMC8012845 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.639765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Exploring and developing multifunctional intelligent biomaterials is crucial to improve next-generation therapies in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Recent findings show how distinct characteristics of in situ microenvironment can be mimicked by using different biomaterials. In vivo tissue architecture is characterized by the interconnection between cells and specific components of the extracellular matrix (ECM). Last evidence shows the importance of the structure and composition of the ECM in the development of cellular and molecular techniques, to achieve the best biodegradable and bioactive biomaterial compatible to human physiology. Such biomaterials provide specialized bioactive signals to regulate the surrounding biological habitat, through the progression of wound healing and biomaterial integration. The connection between stem cells and biomaterials stimulate the occurrence of specific modifications in terms of cell properties and fate, influencing then processes such as self-renewal, cell adhesion and differentiation. Recent studies in the field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine have shown to deal with a broad area of applications, offering the most efficient and suitable strategies to neural repair and regeneration, drawing attention towards the potential use of biomaterials as 3D tools for in vitro neurodevelopment of tissue models, both in physiological and pathological conditions. In this direction, there are several tools supporting cell regeneration, which associate cytokines and other soluble factors delivery through the scaffold, and different approaches considering the features of the biomaterials, for an increased functionalization of the scaffold and for a better promotion of neural proliferation and cells-ECM interplay. In fact, 3D scaffolds need to ensure a progressive and regular delivery of cytokines, growth factors, or biomolecules, and moreover they should serve as a guide and support for injured tissues. It is also possible to create scaffolds with different layers, each one possessing different physical and biochemical aspects, able to provide at the same time organization, support and maintenance of the specific cell phenotype and diversified ECM morphogenesis. Our review summarizes the most recent advancements in functional materials, which are crucial to achieve the best performance and at the same time, to overcome the current limitations in tissue engineering and nervous tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Grazia Tupone
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy.,Center for Microscopy, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Michele d'Angelo
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Vanessa Castelli
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Mariano Catanesi
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Benedetti
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Annamaria Cimini
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy.,Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine and Center for Biotechnology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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23
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Sharma P, Kumar A, Dey AD, Behl T, Chadha S. Stem cells and growth factors-based delivery approaches for chronic wound repair and regeneration: A promise to heal from within. Life Sci 2021; 268:118932. [PMID: 33400933 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The sophisticated chain of cellular and molecular episodes during wound healing includes cell migration, cell proliferation, deposition of extracellular matrix, and remodelling and are onerous to replicate. Encapsulation of growth factors (GFs) and Stem cell-based (SCs) has been proclaimed to accelerate healing by transforming every phase associated with wound healing to enhance skin regeneration. Therapeutic application of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) provides aid in wound fixing, tissue integrity restoration and function of impaired tissue. Several scientific studies have established the essential role GFs in wound healing and their reduced degree in the chronic wound. The overall limitation includes half-life, unfriendly microhabitat abundant with protease, and inadequate delivery approaches results in decreased delivery of effective amounts in a suitable time-based fashion. Advancements in the area of reformative medicine as well as tissue engineering have offered techniques competent of dispensing SCs and GFs in site-oriented manner. The progress in nanotechnology-based approaches attracts researcher to study and evaluate the potential of this SCs and GFs based therapy in chronic wounds. These techniques embrace the polymeric regime viz., nano-formulations, hydrogels, liposomes, scaffolds, nanofibers, metallic nanoparticles, lipid-based nanoparticles and dendrimers that have established better retort through targeting tissues when GFs and SCs are transported via these humans made devices. Assumed the current problems, improvements in delivery approaches and difficulties offered by chronic wounds, we hope to show that encapsulation of SCs and GFs loaded nanoformulations therapies is the rational next step in improving wound care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preety Sharma
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Arun Kumar
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India.
| | - Asmita Deka Dey
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Tapan Behl
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Swati Chadha
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
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24
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Lo Nigro A, Gallo A, Bulati M, Vitale G, Paini DS, Pampalone M, Galvagno D, Conaldi PG, Miceli V. Amnion-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal/Stem Cell Paracrine Signals Potentiate Human Liver Organoid Differentiation: Translational Implications for Liver Regeneration. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:746298. [PMID: 34631757 PMCID: PMC8494784 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.746298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of end-stage liver diseases has reached very high levels globally. The election treatment for affected patients is orthotopic liver transplantation, which is a very complex procedure, and due to the limited number of suitable organ donors, considerable research is being done on alternative therapeutic options. For instance, the use of cell therapy, such as the transplantation of hepatocytes to promote liver repair/regeneration, has been explored, but standardized protocols to produce suitable human hepatocytes are still limited. On the other hand, liver progenitor and multipotent stem cells offer potential cell sources that could be used clinically. Different studies have reported regarding the therapeutic effects of transplanted mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) on end-stage liver diseases. Moreover, it has been shown that delivery of MSC-derived conditioned medium (MSC-CM) can reduce cell death and enhance liver proliferation in fulminant hepatic failure. Therefore, it is believed that MSC-CM contains many factors that probably support liver regeneration. In our work, we used an in vitro model of human liver organoids to study if the paracrine components secreted by human amnion-derived MSCs (hAMSCs) affected liver stem/progenitor cell differentiation. In particular, we differentiated liver organoids derived from bipotent EpCAM+ human liver cells and tested the effects of hAMSC secretome, derived from both two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) hAMSC cultures, on that model. Our analysis showed that conditioned medium (CM) produced by 3D hAMSCs was able to induce an over-expression of mature hepatocyte markers, such as ALB, NTCP, and CYP3A4, compared with both 2D hAMSC cultures and the conventional differentiation medium (DM). These data were confirmed by the over-production of ALB protein and over-activity of CYP3A4 observed in organoids grown in 3D hAMSC-CM. Liver repair dysfunction plays a role in the development of liver diseases, and effective repair likely requires the normal functioning of liver stem/progenitor cells. Herein, we showed that hAMSC-CM produced mainly by 3D cultures had the potential to increase hepatic stem/progenitor cell differentiation, demonstrating that soluble factors secreted by those cells are potentially responsible for the reaction. This work shows a potential approach to improve liver repair/regeneration also in a transplantation setting.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alessia Gallo
- Research Department, Mediterranean Institute for Transplantation and Advanced Specialized Therapies (IRCCS ISMETT), Palermo, Italy
- *Correspondence: Alessia Gallo
| | - Matteo Bulati
- Research Department, Mediterranean Institute for Transplantation and Advanced Specialized Therapies (IRCCS ISMETT), Palermo, Italy
| | | | | | - Mariangela Pampalone
- Ri.MED Foundation, Palermo, Italy
- Research Department, Mediterranean Institute for Transplantation and Advanced Specialized Therapies (IRCCS ISMETT), Palermo, Italy
| | | | - Pier Giulio Conaldi
- Research Department, Mediterranean Institute for Transplantation and Advanced Specialized Therapies (IRCCS ISMETT), Palermo, Italy
| | - Vitale Miceli
- Research Department, Mediterranean Institute for Transplantation and Advanced Specialized Therapies (IRCCS ISMETT), Palermo, Italy
- Vitale Miceli
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25
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Chang PH, Chao HM, Chern E, Hsu SH. Chitosan 3D cell culture system promotes naïve-like features of human induced pluripotent stem cells: A novel tool to sustain pluripotency and facilitate differentiation. Biomaterials 2020; 268:120575. [PMID: 33341735 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2020.120575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A simplified and cost-effective culture system for maintaining the pluripotency of human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) is crucial for stem cell applications. Although recombinant protein-based feeder-free hiPSC culture systems have been developed, their manufacturing processes are expensive and complicated, which hinders hiPSC technology progress. Chitosan, a versatile biocompatible polysaccharide, has been reported as a biomaterial for three-dimensional (3D) cell culture system that promotes the physiological activities of mesenchymal stem cells and cancer cells. In the current study, we demonstrated that chitosan membranes sustained proliferation and pluripotency of hiPSCs in long-term culture (up to 365 days). Moreover, using vitronectin as the comparison group, the pluripotency of hiPSCs grown on the membranes was altered into a naïve-like state, which, for pluripotent stem cells, is an earlier developmental stage with higher stemness. On the chitosan membranes, hiPSCs self-assembled into 3D spheroids with an average diameter of ~100 μm. These hiPSC spheroids could be directly differentiated into lineage-specific cells from the three germ layers with 3D structures. Collectively, chitosan membranes not only promoted the naïve pluripotent features of hiPSCs but also provided a novel 3D differentiation platform. This convenient biomaterial-based culture system may enable the effective expansion and accessibility of hiPSCs for regenerative medicine, disease modeling, and drug screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Hsiang Chang
- niChe Lab for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Mei Chao
- niChe Lab for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan; Department of Pathology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11696, Taiwan
| | - Edward Chern
- niChe Lab for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan; Research Center for Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan.
| | - Shan-Hui Hsu
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
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26
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Collagen hydrogel confinement of Amyloid-β (Aβ) accelerates aggregation and reduces cytotoxic effects. Acta Biomater 2020; 112:164-173. [PMID: 32464268 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2020.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia and is associated with the accumulation of amyloid-β (Aβ), a peptide whose aggregation has been associated with neurotoxicity. Drugs targeting Aβ have shown great promise in 2D in vitro models and mouse models, yet preclinical and clinical trials for AD have been highly disappointing. We propose that current in vitro culture systems for discovering and developing AD drugs have significant limitations; specifically, that Aβ aggregation is vastly different in these 2D cultures carried out on flat plastic or glass substrates vs. in a 3D environment, such as brain tissue, where Aβ confinement alters aggregation kinetics and thermodynamics. In this work, we identified attenuation of Aβ cytotoxicity in 3D hydrogel culture compared to 2D cell culture. We investigated Aβ structure and aggregation in solution vs. hydrogel using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy (FCS), and Thioflavin T (ThT) assays. Our results reveal that the equilibrium is shifted to stable extended β-sheet (ThT positive) aggregates in hydrogels and away from the relatively unstable/unstructured presumed toxic oligomeric Aβ species in solution. Volume exclusion imparted by hydrogel confinement stabilizes unfolded, presumably toxic species, promoting stable extended β-sheet fibrils. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a devastating disease and has been studied for over 100 years. Yet, no cure exists and only 5 prescription drugs are FDA-approved to temporarily treat the AD symptoms of declining brain functions related to thinking and memory. Why don't we have more effective treatments to cure AD or relieve AD symptoms? We propose that current culture methods based upon cells cultured on flat, stiff substrates have significant limitations for discovering and developing AD drugs. This study provides strong evidence that AD drugs should be tested in 3D culture systems as a step along the development pathway towards new, more effective drugs to treat AD.
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27
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Ishihara K, Ito M, Fukazawa K, Inoue Y. Interface of Phospholipid Polymer Grafting Layers to Analyze Functions of Immobilized Oligopeptides Involved in Cell Adhesion. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2020; 6:3984-3993. [PMID: 33463330 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c00518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to design a material surface for use in the analysis of the behavior of biomolecules at the interface of direct cell contact. A superhydrophilic surface was prepared with poly(2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine) (PMPC), which was grafted onto a substrate with controlled polymer chain density. An arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD) peptide was immobilized at the surface of the polymer graft surface (PMPC-RGD surface). Initial adhesion of the cells to this substrate was observed. The PMPC-RGD surface could enable cell adhesion only through RGD peptide-integrin interactions. The density and movability of the RGD peptide at the terminal of the graft PMPC chain and the orientation of the RGD peptide affected the density of adherent cells. Thus, the PMPC graft surface may be a good candidate for a new platform with the ability to immobilize biomolecules to a defined position and enable accurate analysis of their effects on cells.
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28
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Green DW, Watson JA, Watson GS, Stamboulis A. Sequenced Somatic Cell Reprogramming and Differentiation Inside Nested Hydrogel Droplets. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 4:e2000071. [PMID: 32597033 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202000071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The efficient genesis of pluripotent cells or therapeutic cells for regenerative medicine involves several external manipulations and conditioning protocols, which drives down clinical applicability. Automated programming of the genesis by microscale physical forces and chronological biochemistry can increase clinical success. The design and fabrication of nested polysaccharide droplets (millimeter-sized) with cell sustaining properties of natural tissues and intrinsic properties for time and space evolution of cell transformation signals between somatic cells, pluripotent cells and differentiated therapeutic cells in a swift and efficient manner without the need for laborious external manipulation are reported. Cells transform between phenotypic states by having single and double nested droplets constituted with extracellular matrix proteins and reprogramming, and differentiation factors infused chronologically across the droplet space. The cell transformation into germ layer cells and bone cells is successfully tested in vitro and in vivo and promotes the formation of new bone tissues. Thus, nested droplets with BMP-2 loaded guests synthesize mineralized bone tissue plates along the length of a cranial non-union bone defect at 4 weeks. The advantages of sequenced somatic cell reprogramming and differentiation inside an individual hydrogel module without external manipulation, promoted by formulating tissue mimetic physical, mechanical, and chemical microenvironments are shown.
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Affiliation(s)
- David W Green
- School of Metallurgy and Materials, Healthcare Technologies Institute, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Jolanta A Watson
- School of Science and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Fraser Coast, Hervey Bay, QLD, 4655, Australia
| | - Gregory S Watson
- School of Science and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Fraser Coast, Hervey Bay, QLD, 4655, Australia
| | - Artemis Stamboulis
- School of Metallurgy and Materials, Healthcare Technologies Institute, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
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29
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Simpson LW, Good TA, Leach JB. Protein folding and assembly in confined environments: Implications for protein aggregation in hydrogels and tissues. Biotechnol Adv 2020; 42:107573. [PMID: 32512220 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2020.107573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Revised: 05/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In the biological milieu of a cell, soluble crowding molecules and rigid confined environments strongly influence whether the protein is properly folded, intrinsically disordered proteins assemble into distinct phases, or a denatured or aggregated protein species is favored. Such crowding and confinement factors act to exclude solvent volume from the protein molecules, resulting in an increased local protein concentration and decreased protein entropy. A protein's structure is inherently tied to its function. Examples of processes where crowding and confinement may strongly influence protein function include transmembrane protein dimerization, enzymatic activity, assembly of supramolecular structures (e.g., microtubules), nuclear condensates containing transcriptional machinery, protein aggregation in the contexts of disease and protein therapeutics. Historically, most protein structures have been determined from pure, dilute protein solutions or pure crystals. However, these are not the environments in which these proteins function. Thus, there has been an increased emphasis on analyzing protein structure and dynamics in more "in vivo-like" environments. Complex in vitro models using hydrogel scaffolds to study proteins may better mimic features of the in vivo environment. Therefore, analytical techniques need to be optimized for real-time analysis of proteins within hydrogel scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura W Simpson
- Department of Chemical, Biochemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Eng 314, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, MD 21250, USA
| | - Theresa A Good
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, National Science Foundation, 2415 Eisenhower Ave, Alexandria, VA 22314, USA
| | - Jennie B Leach
- Department of Chemical, Biochemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Eng 314, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, MD 21250, USA.
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30
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Javaid M, Haleem A. 3D printed tissue and organ using additive manufacturing: An overview. CLINICAL EPIDEMIOLOGY AND GLOBAL HEALTH 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cegh.2019.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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31
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Miranda CMFDC, Therrien J, Leonel LCPC, Smith OE, Miglino MA, Smith LC. Decellularization of Extracellular Matrix from Equine Skeletal Muscle. J Equine Vet Sci 2020; 90:102962. [PMID: 32534761 DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2020.102962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Revised: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Equine represents an attractive animal model for musculoskeletal tissue diseases, exhibiting much similarity to the injuries that occur in humans. Cell therapy and tissue bioengineering have been widely used as a therapeutic alternative by regenerative medicine in musculoskeletal diseases. Thus, the aim of this study was to produce an acellular biomaterial of equine skeletal muscle and to evaluate its effectiveness in supporting the in vitro culture of equine induced pluripotency stem cells (iPSCs). Biceps femoris samples were frozen at -20°C for 4 days and incubated in 1% sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), 5 mM EDTA + 50 mM Tris and 1% Triton X-100; the effectiveness of the decellularization was evaluated by the absence of remnant nuclei (histological and 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole [DAPI] analysis), preservation of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins (immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry) and organization of ECM ultrastructure (scanning electron microscopy). Decellularized samples were recellularized with iPSCs at the concentration of 50,000 cells/cm2 and cultured in vitro for 9 days, and the presence of the cells in the biomaterial was evaluated by histological analysis and presence of nuclei. Decellularized biomaterial showed absence of remnant nuclei and muscle fibers, as well as the preservation of ECM architecture, vascular network and proteins, laminin, fibronectin, elastin, collagen III and IV. After cellularization, iPSC nuclei were present at 9 days after incubation, indicating the decellularized biomaterial-supported iPSC survival. It is concluded that the ECM biomaterial produced from the decellularized equine skeletal muscle has potential for iPSC adhesion, representing a promising biomaterial for regenerative medicine in the therapy of musculoskeletal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Maria Figueiredo de Carvalho Miranda
- Centre de recherche en reproduction et fertilité, Faculté de médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada; Department of Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Jacinthe Therrien
- Centre de recherche en reproduction et fertilité, Faculté de médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Olivia Eilers Smith
- Centre de recherche en reproduction et fertilité, Faculté de médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada
| | - Maria Angélica Miglino
- Department of Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Lawrence Charles Smith
- Centre de recherche en reproduction et fertilité, Faculté de médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada
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32
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Liu G, David BT, Trawczynski M, Fessler RG. Advances in Pluripotent Stem Cells: History, Mechanisms, Technologies, and Applications. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2020; 16:3-32. [PMID: 31760627 PMCID: PMC6987053 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-019-09935-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 228] [Impact Index Per Article: 57.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Over the past 20 years, and particularly in the last decade, significant developmental milestones have driven basic, translational, and clinical advances in the field of stem cell and regenerative medicine. In this article, we provide a systemic overview of the major recent discoveries in this exciting and rapidly developing field. We begin by discussing experimental advances in the generation and differentiation of pluripotent stem cells (PSCs), next moving to the maintenance of stem cells in different culture types, and finishing with a discussion of three-dimensional (3D) cell technology and future stem cell applications. Specifically, we highlight the following crucial domains: 1) sources of pluripotent cells; 2) next-generation in vivo direct reprogramming technology; 3) cell types derived from PSCs and the influence of genetic memory; 4) induction of pluripotency with genomic modifications; 5) construction of vectors with reprogramming factor combinations; 6) enhancing pluripotency with small molecules and genetic signaling pathways; 7) induction of cell reprogramming by RNA signaling; 8) induction and enhancement of pluripotency with chemicals; 9) maintenance of pluripotency and genomic stability in induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs); 10) feeder-free and xenon-free culture environments; 11) biomaterial applications in stem cell biology; 12) three-dimensional (3D) cell technology; 13) 3D bioprinting; 14) downstream stem cell applications; and 15) current ethical issues in stem cell and regenerative medicine. This review, encompassing the fundamental concepts of regenerative medicine, is intended to provide a comprehensive portrait of important progress in stem cell research and development. Innovative technologies and real-world applications are emphasized for readers interested in the exciting, promising, and challenging field of stem cells and those seeking guidance in planning future research direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gele Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Rush University Medical College, 1725 W. Harrison St., Suite 855, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA.
| | - Brian T David
- Department of Neurosurgery, Rush University Medical College, 1725 W. Harrison St., Suite 855, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Matthew Trawczynski
- Department of Neurosurgery, Rush University Medical College, 1725 W. Harrison St., Suite 855, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Richard G Fessler
- Department of Neurosurgery, Rush University Medical College, 1725 W. Harrison St., Suite 855, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
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33
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Wang X, Jin J, Hou R, Zhou M, Mou X, Xu K, Zhu Y, Shen Z, Zhang X. Differentiation of bMSCs on Biocompatible, Biodegradable, and Biomimetic Scaffolds for Largely Defected Tissue Repair. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2019; 3:735-746. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.9b01063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xingyuan Wang
- Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Jiachang Jin
- Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Ruixia Hou
- Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Mi Zhou
- Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Xianbo Mou
- Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Kui Xu
- Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Yabin Zhu
- Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Zhisen Shen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Xingcai Zhang
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
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Goetzke R, Keijdener H, Franzen J, Ostrowska A, Nüchtern S, Mela P, Wagner W. Differentiation of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells towards Mesenchymal Stromal Cells is Hampered by Culture in 3D Hydrogels. Sci Rep 2019; 9:15578. [PMID: 31666572 PMCID: PMC6821810 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-51911-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Directed differentiation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) towards specific lineages remains a major challenge in regenerative medicine, while there is a growing perception that this process can be influenced by the three-dimensional environment. In this study, we investigated whether iPSCs can differentiate towards mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) when embedded into fibrin hydrogels to enable a one-step differentiation procedure within a scaffold. Differentiation of iPSCs on tissue culture plastic or on top of fibrin hydrogels resulted in a typical MSC-like phenotype. In contrast, iPSCs embedded into fibrin gel gave rise to much smaller cells with heterogeneous growth patterns, absence of fibronectin, faint expression of CD73 and CD105, and reduced differentiation potential towards osteogenic and adipogenic lineage. Transcriptomic analysis demonstrated that characteristic genes for MSCs and extracellular matrix were upregulated on flat substrates, whereas genes of neural development were upregulated in 3D culture. Furthermore, the 3D culture had major effects on DNA methylation profiles, particularly within genes for neuronal and cardiovascular development, while there was no evidence for epigenetic maturation towards MSCs. Taken together, iPSCs could be differentiated towards MSCs on tissue culture plastic or on a flat fibrin hydrogel. In contrast, the differentiation process was heterogeneous and not directed towards MSCs when iPSCs were embedded into the hydrogel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman Goetzke
- Helmholtz Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Stem Cell Biology and Cellular Engineering, RWTH Aachen University Medical School, Aachen, Germany
| | - Hans Keijdener
- Department of Biohybrid & Medical Textiles (BioTex), AME-Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, Helmholtz Institute, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Julia Franzen
- Helmholtz Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Stem Cell Biology and Cellular Engineering, RWTH Aachen University Medical School, Aachen, Germany
| | - Alina Ostrowska
- Helmholtz Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Stem Cell Biology and Cellular Engineering, RWTH Aachen University Medical School, Aachen, Germany
| | - Selina Nüchtern
- Helmholtz Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Stem Cell Biology and Cellular Engineering, RWTH Aachen University Medical School, Aachen, Germany
| | - Petra Mela
- Department of Biohybrid & Medical Textiles (BioTex), AME-Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, Helmholtz Institute, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany. .,Medical Materials and Implants, Department of Mechanical Engineering and Munich School of BioEngineering, Technical University of Munich, Garching, Germany.
| | - Wolfgang Wagner
- Helmholtz Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Stem Cell Biology and Cellular Engineering, RWTH Aachen University Medical School, Aachen, Germany. .,Institute for Biomedical Engineering - Cell Biology, RWTH Aachen University Medical School, Aachen, Germany.
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35
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Methods to generate tissue-derived constructs for regenerative medicine applications. Methods 2019; 171:3-10. [PMID: 31606388 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2019.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2019] [Revised: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The shortage of donor organs for transplantation remains a continued problem for patients with irreversible end-stage organ failure. Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine aims to develop therapies to provide viable solutions for these patients. Use of decellularized tissue scaffolds has emerged as an attractive approach to generate tissue constructs that mimic native tissue architecture and vascular networks. The process of decellularization which involves the removal of resident cellular components from donor tissues has been successfully translated to the clinic for applications in patients. However, transplantation of bioengineered solid organs using this approach remains a challenge as the process requires repopulating target cells to achieve functioning organs. This article presents a comprehensive overview of the methods used to achieve decellularization, the types of decellularizing agents, and the potential cell sources that could be used to achieve tissue function. Understanding the mechanism of action of the decellularizing agent and the processing methods will provide the optimal results for applications.
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Liang J, Huang W, Jiang L, Paul C, Li X, Wang Y. Concise Review: Reduction of Adverse Cardiac Scarring Facilitates Pluripotent Stem Cell-Based Therapy for Myocardial Infarction. Stem Cells 2019; 37:844-854. [PMID: 30913336 PMCID: PMC6599570 DOI: 10.1002/stem.3009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Revised: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) are an attractive, reliable source for generating functional cardiomyocytes for regeneration of infarcted heart. However, inefficient cell engraftment into host tissue remains a notable challenge to therapeutic success due to mechanical damage or relatively inhospitable microenvironment. Evidence has shown that excessively formed scar tissues around cell delivery sites present as mechanical and biological barriers that inhibit migration and engraftment of implanted cells. In this review, we focus on the functional responses of stem cells and cardiomyocytes during the process of cardiac fibrosis and scar formation. Survival, migration, contraction, and coupling function of implanted cells may be affected by matrix remodeling, inflammatory factors, altered tissue stiffness, and presence of electroactive myofibroblasts in the fibrotic microenvironment. Although paracrine factors from implanted cells can improve cardiac fibrosis, the transient effect is insufficient for complete repair of an infarcted heart. Furthermore, investigation of interactions between implanted cells and fibroblasts including myofibroblasts helps the identification of new targets to optimize the host substrate environment for facilitating cell engraftment and functional integration. Several antifibrotic approaches, including the use of pharmacological agents, gene therapies, microRNAs, and modified biomaterials, can prevent progression of heart failure and have been developed as adjunct therapies for stem cell-based regeneration. Investigation and optimization of new biomaterials is also required to enhance cell engraftment of engineered cardiac tissue and move PSCs from a laboratory setting into translational medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialiang Liang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Lin Jiang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Christian Paul
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Xiangnan Li
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.,The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yigang Wang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
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Laminin as a Potent Substrate for Large-Scale Expansion of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells in a Closed Cell Expansion System. Stem Cells Int 2019; 2019:9704945. [PMID: 30805013 PMCID: PMC6362483 DOI: 10.1155/2019/9704945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2018] [Revised: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The number of high-quality cells required for engineering an adult human-sized bioartificial organ is greater than one billion. Until the emergence of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), autologous cell sources of this magnitude and with the required complexity were not available. Growing this number of cells in a traditional 2D cell culture system requires extensive time, resources, and effort and does not always meet clinical requirements. The use of a closed cell culture system is an efficient and clinically applicable method that can be used to expand cells under controlled conditions. We aimed to use the Quantum Cell Expansion System (QES) as an iPSC monolayer-based expansion system. Human iPSCs were expanded (up to 14-fold) using the QES on two different coatings (laminin 521 (LN521) and vitronectin (VN)), and a karyotype analysis was performed. The cells were characterized for spontaneous differentiation and pluripotency by RT-PCR and flow cytometry. Our results demonstrated that the QES provides the necessary environment for exponential iPSC growth, reaching 689.75 × 106 ± 86.88 × 106 in less than 7 days using the LN521 coating with a population doubling level of 3.80 ± 0.19. The same result was not observed when VN was used as a coating. The cells maintained normal karyotype (46-XX), expressed pluripotency markers (OCT4, NANOG, LIN28, SOX2, REX1, DPPA4, NODAL, TDGFb, TERT3, and GDF), and expressed high levels of OCT4, SOX2, NANOG, SSEA4, TRA1-60, and TRA1-81. Spontaneous differentiation into ectoderm (NESTIN, TUBB3, and NEFH), mesoderm (MSX1, BMP4, and T), and endoderm (GATA6, AFP, and SOX17) lineages was detected by RT-PCR with both coating systems. We conclude that the QES maintains the stemness of iPSCs and is a promising platform to provide the number of cells necessary to recellularize small human-sized organ scaffolds for clinical purposes.
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Maintenance of an undifferentiated state of human-induced pluripotent stem cells through botulinum hemagglutinin-mediated regulation of cell behavior. J Biosci Bioeng 2019; 127:744-751. [PMID: 30660482 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2018.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Revised: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Applications of human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC) culture are impaired by problems with long term maintenance of pluripotency. In this study, we report that exposure to botulinum hemagglutinin (HA), an E-cadherin function-blocking agent, suppressed deviation from an undifferentiated state in hiPSC colonies. Time-lapse imaging of live cells revealed that cells in central regions of colonies moved slowly and underwent a morphological change to a cobblestone-like shape via interaction between contacting cells, forming dense, multiple layers. Staining and migration analysis showed that actin stress fibers and paxillin spots were diminished in colony central regions, and this was associated with alteration of cellular morphology and migratory behavior. However, in culture with HA exposure, cells in the central and peripheral regions of hiPSC colonies were migratory and arranged in loose monolayers, resulting in relatively uniform dispersion of cells in colonies. We also found that a well-organized network of actin stress fibers was of significance in the central and peripheral regions of a colony, resulting in activation of paxillin and E-cadherin expression in hiPSCs. After routine application of HA for serial passages, hiPSCs remained pluripotent and capable of differentiating into all three germ layers. These observations indicate that relaxation of cell-cell junctions by HA induced rearrangements of the cytoskeleton and cell adhesion in hiPSC colonies by promoting migratory behaviors. These results suggest that this simple and readily reproducible culture strategy is a potentially useful tool for improving the robust and scalable maintenance of undifferentiated hiPSC cultures.
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Kwon SG, Kwon YW, Lee TW, Park GT, Kim JH. Recent advances in stem cell therapeutics and tissue engineering strategies. Biomater Res 2018; 22:36. [PMID: 30598836 PMCID: PMC6299977 DOI: 10.1186/s40824-018-0148-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Tissue regeneration includes delivering specific types of cells or cell products to injured tissues or organs for restoration of tissue and organ function. Stem cell therapy has drawn considerable attention since transplantation of stem cells can overcome the limitations of autologous transplantation of patient’s tissues; however, it is not perfect for treating diseases. To overcome the hurdles associated with stem cell therapy, tissue engineering techniques have been developed. Development of stem cell technology in combination with tissue engineering has opened new ways of producing engineered tissue substitutes. Several studies have shown that this combination of tissue engineering and stem cell technologies enhances cell viability, differentiation, and therapeutic efficacy of transplanted stem cells. Main body Stem cells that can be used for tissue regeneration include mesenchymal stem cells, embryonic stem cells, and induced pluripotent stem cells. Transplantation of stem cells alone into injured tissues exhibited low therapeutic efficacy due to poor viability and diminished regenerative activity of transplanted cells. In this review, we will discuss the progress of biomedical engineering, including scaffolds, biomaterials, and tissue engineering techniques to overcome the low therapeutic efficacy of stem cells and to treat human diseases. Conclusion The combination of stem cell and tissue engineering techniques overcomes the limitations of stem cells in therapy of human diseases, and presents a new path toward regeneration of injured tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong Gyu Kwon
- 1Department of Physiology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, 50612 Gyeongsangnam-do Republic of Korea
| | - Yang Woo Kwon
- 1Department of Physiology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, 50612 Gyeongsangnam-do Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Wook Lee
- 1Department of Physiology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, 50612 Gyeongsangnam-do Republic of Korea
| | - Gyu Tae Park
- 1Department of Physiology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, 50612 Gyeongsangnam-do Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Ho Kim
- 1Department of Physiology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, 50612 Gyeongsangnam-do Republic of Korea.,2Research Institute of Convergence Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, 50612 Republic of Korea
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40
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Lopes D, Martins-Cruz C, Oliveira MB, Mano JF. Bone physiology as inspiration for tissue regenerative therapies. Biomaterials 2018; 185:240-275. [PMID: 30261426 PMCID: PMC6445367 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.09.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 200] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Revised: 09/15/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The development, maintenance of healthy bone and regeneration of injured tissue in the human body comprise a set of intricate and finely coordinated processes. However, an analysis of current bone regeneration strategies shows that only a small fraction of well-reported bone biology aspects has been used as inspiration and transposed into the development of therapeutic products. Specific topics that include inter-scale bone structural organization, developmental aspects of bone morphogenesis, bone repair mechanisms, role of specific cells and heterotypic cell contact in the bone niche (including vascularization networks and immune system cells), cell-cell direct and soluble-mediated contact, extracellular matrix composition (with particular focus on the non-soluble fraction of proteins), as well as mechanical aspects of native bone will be the main reviewed topics. In this Review we suggest a systematic parallelization of (i) fundamental well-established biology of bone, (ii) updated and recent advances on the understanding of biological phenomena occurring in native and injured tissue, and (iii) critical discussion of how those individual aspects have been translated into tissue regeneration strategies using biomaterials and other tissue engineering approaches. We aim at presenting a perspective on unexplored aspects of bone physiology and how they could be translated into innovative regeneration-driven concepts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Lopes
- Department of Chemistry, CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago,, 3810 193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Cláudia Martins-Cruz
- Department of Chemistry, CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago,, 3810 193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Mariana B Oliveira
- Department of Chemistry, CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago,, 3810 193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - João F Mano
- Department of Chemistry, CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago,, 3810 193 Aveiro, Portugal.
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41
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Hiew VV, Simat SFB, Teoh PL. The Advancement of Biomaterials in Regulating Stem Cell Fate. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2018; 14:43-57. [PMID: 28884292 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-017-9764-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Stem cells are well-known to have prominent roles in tissue engineering applications. Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) can differentiate into every cell type in the body while adult stem cells such as mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can be isolated from various sources. Nevertheless, an utmost limitation in harnessing stem cells for tissue engineering is the supply of cells. The advances in biomaterial technology allows the establishment of ex vivo expansion systems to overcome this bottleneck. The progress of various scaffold fabrication could direct stem cell fate decisions including cell proliferation and differentiation into specific lineages in vitro. Stem cell biology and biomaterial technology promote synergistic effect on stem cell-based regenerative therapies. Therefore, understanding the interaction of stem cell and biomaterials would allow the designation of new biomaterials for future clinical therapeutic applications for tissue regeneration. This review focuses mainly on the advances of natural and synthetic biomaterials in regulating stem cell fate decisions. We have also briefly discussed how biological and biophysical properties of biomaterials including wettability, chemical functionality, biodegradability and stiffness play their roles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vun Vun Hiew
- Biotechonology Research Institute, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, 88400, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Siti Fatimah Binti Simat
- C/o Biotechonology Research Institute, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, 88400, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Peik Lin Teoh
- Biotechonology Research Institute, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, 88400, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia.
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Tronser T, Demir K, Reischl M, Bastmeyer M, Levkin PA. Droplet microarray: miniaturized platform for rapid formation and high-throughput screening of embryoid bodies. LAB ON A CHIP 2018; 18:2257-2269. [PMID: 29978866 DOI: 10.1039/c8lc00450a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Stem cells are influenced by various factors present in their in vivo microenvironment, such as interactions with neighboring cells, the extracellular matrix or soluble molecules. This demonstrates the high complexity of the in vivo microenvironment. Hence, many advances have been made in developing 3D screening models mimicking this complexity and the in vivo-like state in order to ensure more biomedically relevant investigations in drug discovery. In the field of stem cell research embryoid bodies are often used as relevant 3D systems. Embryoid bodies are embryonic stem cell aggregates that recapitulate the early embryonic development and that can differentiate into derivatives of the three germ layers. Embryoid bodies enable the investigation of processes underlying embryonic development, tissue generation and identification of drugs with developmental toxicity. The ability to perform high-throughput screenings using embryoid bodies could be extremely important to accelerate the progress in the field of stem cell research and embryonic development. To date, there are no simple methods to create high-density microarrays of embryoid bodies that further enable their high-throughput screening important for biomedical research. Here we demonstrate a new method that enables formation and high-throughput screening of embryoid bodies in arrays of defined, separated microdroplets. Using the superhydrophobic-hydrophilic micropattern of the droplet microarray, we demonstrate rapid and facile one-step formation of a dense array of multiple droplets containing homogeneous, single embryoid bodies. Thorough characterization of the influence of the initial cell number on embryoid body size, roundness and distribution was performed. We applied the embryoid body microarray to screen 774 FDA-approved compounds, identifying compounds with developmental toxicity such as mycophenolate mofetil or embryonic lethality such as eptifibatide. This work demonstrates the potential of the droplet microarray for the rapid formation of high-density microarrays of single embryoid bodies and their high-throughput drug screenings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina Tronser
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute of Toxicology and Genetics (ITG), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.
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43
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Li Y, Jiang X, Li L, Chen ZN, Gao G, Yao R, Sun W. 3D printing human induced pluripotent stem cells with novel hydroxypropyl chitin bioink: scalable expansion and uniform aggregation. Biofabrication 2018; 10:044101. [PMID: 29952313 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/aacfc3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) are more likely to successfully avoid the immunological rejection and ethical problems that are often encountered by human embryonic stem cells in various stem cell studies and applications. To transfer hiPSCs from the laboratory to clinical applications, researchers must obtain sufficient cell numbers. In this study, 3D cell printing was used as a novel method for iPSC scalable expansion. Hydroxypropyl chitin (HPCH), utilized as a new type of bioink, and a set of optimized printing parameters were shown to achieve high cell survival (>90%) after the printing process and high proliferation efficiency (∼32.3 folds) during subsequent 10 d culture. After the culture, high levels of pluripotency maintenance were recognized by both qualitative and quantitative detections. Compared with static suspension culture, hiPSC aggregates formed in 3D-printed constructs showed a higher uniformity in size. Using a novel dual-fluorescent labeling method, hiPSC aggregates in the constructs were found more inclined to form by in situ proliferation rather than multicellular aggregation. This study revealed unique advantages of non-ionic crosslinking bioink material HPCH, including high gel strength and rapid temperature response in hiPSC printing, and achieved primed state hiPSC printing for the first time. Features achieved in this study, such as high cell yield, high pluripotency maintenance and uniform aggregation provide good foundations for further hiPSC studies on 3D micro-tissue differentiation and drug screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- Biomanufacturing and Rapid Forming Technology Key Laboratory of Beijing, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, People's Republic of China. 111 'Biomanufacturing and Engineering Living Systems' Innovation International Talents Base, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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44
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Ye K, Kaplan DL, Bao G, Bettinger C, Forgacs G, Dong C, Khademhosseini A, Ke Y, Leong K, Sambanis A, Sun W, Yin P. Advanced Cell and Tissue Biomanufacturing. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2018; 4:2292-2307. [PMID: 33435095 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.8b00650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
This position paper assesses state-of-the-art advanced biomanufacturing and identifies paths forward to advance this emerging field in biotechnology and biomedical engineering, including new research opportunities and translational and corporate activities. The vision for the field is to see advanced biomanufacturing emerge as a discipline in academic and industrial communities as well as a technological opportunity to spur research and industry growth. To navigate this vision, the paths to move forward and to identify major barriers were a focal point of discussions at a National Science Foundation-sponsored workshop focused on the topic. Some of the major needs include but are not limited to the integration of specific scientific and engineering disciplines and guidance from regulatory agencies, infrastructure requirements, and strategies for reliable systems integration. Some of the recommendations, major targets, and opportunities were also outlined, including some "grand challenges" to spur interest and progress in the field based on the participants at the workshop. Many of these recommendations have been expanded, materialized, and adopted by the field. For instance, the formation of an initial collaboration network in the community was established. This report provides suggestions for the opportunities and challenges to help move the field of advanced biomanufacturing forward. The field is in the early stages of effecting science and technology in biomanufacturing with a bright and important future impact evident based on the rapid scientific advances in recent years and industry progress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiming Ye
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Center of Biomanufacturing for Regenerative Medicine, Watson School of Engineering and Applied Science, Binghamton University, State University of New York (SUNY), Binghamton, New York 13902, United States
| | - David L Kaplan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, United States
| | - Gang Bao
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Christopher Bettinger
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Gabor Forgacs
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States.,Modern Meadow, Inc., 340 Kingsland Street, Nutley, New Jersey 07110, United States
| | - Cheng Dong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Penn State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Ali Khademhosseini
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Yonggang Ke
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Georgia Tech, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Kam Leong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, Columbia University, New York City, New York 10027, United States
| | | | - Wei Sun
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics, College of Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States.,Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Yin
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
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45
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Abstract
Stem cells are a powerful resource for many applications including regenerative medicine, patient-specific disease modeling, and toxicology screening. However, eliciting the desired behavior from stem cells, such as expansion in a naïve state or differentiation into a particular mature lineage, remains challenging. Drawing inspiration from the native stem cell niche, hydrogel platforms have been developed to regulate stem cell fate by controlling microenvironmental parameters including matrix mechanics, degradability, cell-adhesive ligand presentation, local microstructure, and cell-cell interactions. We survey techniques for modulating hydrogel properties and review the effects of microenvironmental parameters on maintaining stemness and controlling differentiation for a variety of stem cell types. Looking forward, we envision future hydrogel designs spanning a spectrum of complexity, ranging from simple, fully defined materials for industrial expansion of stem cells to complex, biomimetic systems for organotypic cell culture models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher M Madl
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Sarah C Heilshorn
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA;
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46
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Koch L, Deiwick A, Franke A, Schwanke K, Haverich A, Zweigerdt R, Chichkov B. Laser bioprinting of human induced pluripotent stem cells—the effect of printing and biomaterials on cell survival, pluripotency, and differentiation. Biofabrication 2018; 10:035005. [DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/aab981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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47
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LaMarca EA, Powell SK, Akbarian S, Brennand KJ. Modeling Neuropsychiatric and Neurodegenerative Diseases With Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells. Front Pediatr 2018; 6:82. [PMID: 29666786 PMCID: PMC5891587 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2018.00082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) have revolutionized our ability to model neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative diseases, and recent progress in the field is paving the way for improved therapeutics. In this review, we discuss major advances in generating hiPSC-derived neural cells and cutting-edge techniques that are transforming hiPSC technology, such as three-dimensional "mini-brains" and clustered, regularly interspersed short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-Cas systems. We examine specific examples of how hiPSC-derived neural cells are being used to uncover the pathophysiology of schizophrenia and Parkinson's disease, and consider the future of this groundbreaking research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A. LaMarca
- Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Samuel K. Powell
- Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Schahram Akbarian
- Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Kristen J. Brennand
- Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Genetics and Genomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
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48
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Alwahsh SM, Rashidi H, Hay DC. Liver cell therapy: is this the end of the beginning? Cell Mol Life Sci 2018; 75:1307-1324. [PMID: 29181772 PMCID: PMC5852182 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-017-2713-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2017] [Revised: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence of liver diseases is increasing globally. Orthotopic liver transplantation is widely used to treat liver disease upon organ failure. The complexity of this procedure and finite numbers of healthy organ donors have prompted research into alternative therapeutic options to treat liver disease. This includes the transplantation of liver cells to promote regeneration. While successful, the routine supply of good quality human liver cells is limited. Therefore, renewable and scalable sources of these cells are sought. Liver progenitor and pluripotent stem cells offer potential cell sources that could be used clinically. This review discusses recent approaches in liver cell transplantation and requirements to improve the process, with the ultimate goal being efficient organ regeneration. We also discuss the potential off-target effects of cell-based therapies, and the advantages and drawbacks of current pre-clinical animal models used to study organ senescence, repopulation and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salamah M Alwahsh
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, 5 Little France Drive, Edinburgh, EH16 4UU, UK.
| | - Hassan Rashidi
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, 5 Little France Drive, Edinburgh, EH16 4UU, UK
| | - David C Hay
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, 5 Little France Drive, Edinburgh, EH16 4UU, UK.
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49
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Tan RP, Chan AHP, Lennartsson K, Miravet MM, Lee BSL, Rnjak-Kovacina J, Clayton ZE, Cooke JP, Ng MKC, Patel S, Wise SG. Integration of induced pluripotent stem cell-derived endothelial cells with polycaprolactone/gelatin-based electrospun scaffolds for enhanced therapeutic angiogenesis. Stem Cell Res Ther 2018; 9:70. [PMID: 29562916 PMCID: PMC5863387 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-018-0824-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Revised: 02/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Induced pluripotent stem-cell derived endothelial cells (iPSC-ECs) can be generated from any somatic cell and their iPSC sources possess unlimited self-renewal. Previous demonstration of their proangiogenic activity makes them a promising cell type for treatment of ischemic injury. As with many other stem cell approaches, the low rate of in-vivo survival has been a major limitation to the efficacy of iPSC-ECs to date. In this study, we aimed to increase the in-vivo lifetime of iPSC-ECs by culturing them on electrospun polycaprolactone (PCL)/gelatin scaffolds, before quantifying the subsequent impact on their proangiogenic function. METHODS iPSC-ECs were isolated and stably transfected with a luciferase reporter to facilitate quantification of cell numbers and non-invasive imaging in-vivo PCL/gelatin scaffolds were engineered using electrospinning to obtain woven meshes of nanofibers. iPSC-ECs were cultured on scaffolds for 7 days. Subsequently, cell growth and function were assessed in vitro followed by implantation in a mouseback subcutaneous model for 7 days. RESULTS Using a matrix of conditions, we found that scaffold blends with ratios of PCL:gelatin of 70:30 (PG73) spun at high flow rates supported the greatest levels of iPSC-EC growth, retention of phenotype, and function in vitro. Implanting iPSC-ECs seeded on PG73 scaffolds in vivo improved their survival up to 3 days, compared to cells directly injected into control wounds, which were no longer observable within 1 h. Enhanced engraftment improved blood perfusion, observed through non-invasive laser Doppler imaging. Immunohistochemistry revealed a corresponding increase in host angiogenic mechanisms characterized by the enhanced recruitment of macrophages and the elevated expression of proangiogenic cytokines vascular endothelial growth factor and placental growth factor. CONCLUSIONS Knowledge of these mechanisms combined with a deeper understanding of the scaffold parameters influencing this function provides the groundwork for optimizing future iPSC-EC therapies utilizing engraftment platforms. The development of combined scaffold and iPSC-EC therapies could ultimately improve therapeutic angiogenesis and the treatment of ischemic injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard P Tan
- The Heart Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, 2042, Australia. .,Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.
| | - Alex H P Chan
- The Heart Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, 2042, Australia.,Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | | | | | - Bob S L Lee
- The Heart Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, 2042, Australia.,Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Jelena Rnjak-Kovacina
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Zoe E Clayton
- The Heart Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, 2042, Australia
| | - John P Cooke
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Martin K C Ng
- The Heart Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, 2042, Australia.,Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, NSW, 2042, Australia
| | - Sanjay Patel
- The Heart Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, 2042, Australia.,Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, NSW, 2042, Australia
| | - Steven G Wise
- The Heart Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, 2042, Australia.,Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
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50
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Holmberg FE, Seidelin JB, Yin X, Mead BE, Tong Z, Li Y, Karp JM, Nielsen OH. Culturing human intestinal stem cells for regenerative applications in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. EMBO Mol Med 2017; 9:558-570. [PMID: 28283650 PMCID: PMC5412884 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.201607260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Both the incidence and prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is increasing globally; in the industrialized world up to 0.5% of the population are affected and around 4.2 million individuals suffer from IBD in Europe and North America combined. Successful engraftment in experimental colitis models suggests that intestinal stem cell transplantation could constitute a novel treatment strategy to re-establish mucosal barrier function in patients with severe disease. Intestinal stem cells can be grown in vitro in organoid structures, though only a fraction of the cells contained are stem cells with regenerative capabilities. Hence, techniques to enrich stem cell populations are being pursued through the development of multiple two-dimensional and three-dimensional culture protocols, as well as co-culture techniques and multiple growth medium compositions. Moreover, research in support matrices allowing for efficient clinical application is in progress. In vitro culture is accomplished by modulating the signaling pathways fundamental for the stem cell niche with a suitable culture matrix to provide additional contact-dependent stimuli and structural support. The aim of this review was to discuss medium compositions and support matrices for optimal intestinal stem cell culture, as well as potential modifications to advance clinical use in IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fredrik Eo Holmberg
- Department of Gastroenterology, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Jakob B Seidelin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Xiaolei Yin
- Division of BioEngineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Center for Regenerative Therapeutics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Harvard - MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.,David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Benjamin E Mead
- Division of BioEngineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Center for Regenerative Therapeutics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Harvard - MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.,David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Zhixiang Tong
- Division of BioEngineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Center for Regenerative Therapeutics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Harvard - MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Jeffrey M Karp
- Division of BioEngineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Center for Regenerative Therapeutics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Cambridge, MA, USA .,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Harvard - MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.,David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Ole H Nielsen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
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