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Eichelberger DA, Sticca F, Kübler DR, Kakebeeke TH, Caflisch JA, Jenni OG, Wehrle FM. Stability of mental abilities and physical growth from 6 months to 65 years: Findings from the Zurich Longitudinal Studies. INTELLIGENCE 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intell.2023.101730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
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2
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Can Wearable Inertial Measurement Units Be Used to Measure Sleep Biomechanics? Establishing Initial Feasibility and Validity. Biomimetics (Basel) 2022; 8:biomimetics8010002. [PMID: 36648788 PMCID: PMC9844380 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics8010002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Wearable motion sensors, specifically, Inertial Measurement Units, are useful tools for the assessment of orientation and movement during sleep. The DOTs platform (Xsens, Enschede, The Netherlands) has shown promise for this purpose. This pilot study aimed to assess its feasibility and validity for recording sleep biomechanics. Feasibility was assessed using four metrics: Drift, Battery Life, Reliability of Recording, and Participant Comfort. Each metric was rated as Stop (least successful), Continue But Modify Protocol, Continue But Monitor Closely, or Continue Without Modifications (most successful). A convenience sample of ten adults slept for one night with a DOT unit attached to their sternum, abdomen, and left and right legs. A survey was administered the following day to assess participant comfort wearing the DOTs. A subset of five participants underwent a single evaluation in a Vicon (Oxford Metrics, Oxford, UK) motion analysis lab to assess XSENS DOTs’ validity. With the two systems recording simultaneously, participants were prompted through a series of movements intended to mimic typical sleep biomechanics (rolling over in lying), and the outputs of both systems were compared to assess the level of agreement. The DOT platform performed well on all metrics, with Drift, Battery Life, and Recording Reliability being rated as Continue Without Modifications. Participant Comfort was rated as Continue But Monitor Closely. The DOT Platform demonstrated an extremely high level of agreement with the Vicon motion analysis lab (difference of <0.025°). Using the Xsens DOT platform to assess sleep biomechanics is feasible and valid in adult populations. Future studies should further investigate the feasibility of using this data capture method for extended periods (e.g., multiple days) and in other groups (e.g., paediatric populations).
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Shamsadini A, Amizadeh M, Motamed S, Rajabi F. Epidemiology of Sleep Disorders Among Adolescents in Kerman, Iran, in 2019. SOCIAL WORK IN PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 37:775-780. [PMID: 35695466 DOI: 10.1080/19371918.2022.2089310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
It is an important fact that the onset of adolescence is a time of both physiological and social changes that affect sleep. In this study, the prevalence of sleep disorders in adolescents and the association between them were investigated. Anthropometric dimensions (such as height and weight) of individuals in Kerman in 2019 were also assessed. A total of 451 adolescents (mean age: 14.72 years; 51.88% females) of Kerman, Iran, took part in this cross-sectional study. Participants completed the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire, and then demographic (age, gender) and anthropometric data (weight and height) were collected. The prevalence of sleep disorders in this population was 31.9%. Among those with self-rated sleep disorders, 53.5% were males. Participants with sleep disorders were younger and showed lower anthropometric values such as height, weight, and body mass index. However, there was no difference between sleep disorders and gender (P-value > .05). This study revealed a relatively high prevalence of sleep disorders among adolescents. This research was done with the aim of encouraging the healthcare organization to design educational programs to evaluate and reduce sleep disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayeh Shamsadini
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Maryam Amizadeh
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Soheil Motamed
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Rajabi
- Faculty of medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
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Waking up to sleep's role in obesity and blood pressure among Black adolescent girls in low-income, US urban communities: A longitudinal analysis. Sleep Health 2022; 8:200-207. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleh.2021.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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5
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Ma X, Yang X, Yin H, Wang Y, Tian Y, Long C, Bai C, Dong F, Wang Z, Liu T, Gu X. Stunting among kindergarten children in China in the context of COVID-19: A cross-sectional study. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:913722. [PMID: 35990001 PMCID: PMC9386711 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.913722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The impact of COVID-19 has most likely increased the prevalence of stunting. The study aimed to determine the prevalence of stunting among kindergarten children in the context of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Longgang District, Shenzhen, China, and its risk factors. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted to identify children from 11 sub districts of 481 kindergartens in the Longgang District of Shenzhen City from May to July 2021. In the context of COVID-19, an online survey was conducted to gather demographic information, height, birth information, and lifestyle. The prevalence of stunting was calculated, and the risk factors were analyzed using binary logistic regression with three stepwise models. RESULTS A total of 118,404 subjects were included from May to July 2021, with a response and questionnaire effective rates of 85.75% and 95.03%, respectively. The prevalence of stunting and severe stunting were 3.3% and 0.8%, respectively. Model 3 showed that risk factors for stunting were male sex [odds ratio (OR) = 1.07], low birth weight (OR = 2.02), insufficient sleep time (OR = 1.08), less food intake than their peers (OR = 1.66), slower eating than their peers (OR = 1.16), accompanied by grandparents alone or non-lineal relatives (reference: parents accompanying) (OR = 1.23, 1.51), and children induced to eat (OR = 1.17). Protective factors included only-child status (OR = 0.66), reported high activity (OR = 0.37, 0.26, 0.23), parents with high education levels (father: OR = 0.87, 0.69; mother: OR = 0.69, 0.58), high monthly income per capita of the family (OR = 0.88, 0.74, 0.68), and allowing children to make food choices (OR = 0.82). CONCLUSION The stunting rate of children in kindergartens in Longgang District is 3.3%, close to the level of developed countries but higher than the average level of developed cities in China. The relatively high stunting rate in children under 3 years old in 2021 may be associated with the influence of COVID-19. Appropriate policies should be formulated for individuals and families with children to help children establish good living habits and reduce stunting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyan Ma
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangzheng Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Shenzhen Hospital (Longgang), Shenzhen, China
| | - Hongzhi Yin
- Department of Pediatrics, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Shenzhen Hospital (Longgang), Shenzhen, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanshuo Tian
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Chaojun Long
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Chen Bai
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Dong
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Zhendong Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Tiegang Liu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohong Gu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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Hackl-Wimmer S, Eglmaier MTW, Eichen L, Rettenbacher K, Macher D, Walter-Laager C, Lackner HK, Papousek I, Paechter M. Effects of Touchscreen Media Use on Toddlers' Sleep: Insights from Longtime ECG Monitoring. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 21:7515. [PMID: 34833593 PMCID: PMC8622356 DOI: 10.3390/s21227515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Wearable biomedical sensor technology enables reliable monitoring of physiological data, even in very young children. The purpose of the present study was to develop algorithms for gaining valid physiological indicators of sleep quality in toddlers, using data from an undisturbing and easy-to-use wearable device. The study further reports the application of this technique to the investigation of potential impacts of early touchscreen media use. Toddlers' touchscreen media use is of strong interest for parents, educators, and researchers. Mostly, negative effects of media use are assumed, among them, disturbances of sleep and impairments of learning and development. In 55 toddlers (32 girls, 23 boys; 27.4 ± 4.9 months; range: 16-37 months), ECG monitoring was conducted for a period of 30 (±3) h. Parents were asked about their children's touchscreen media use and they rated their children's sleep quality. The use of touchscreen media predicted the physiologically determined quality of sleep but not parent-reported sleep quality (such as sleep onset latency). Greater heart rate differences between restless sleep phases and restful sleep indicated poorer nighttime recovery in children with more frequent use of touchscreen media. The study demonstrates that the expert analysis of the ECG during sleep is a potent tool for the estimation of sleep quality in toddlers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sigrid Hackl-Wimmer
- Educational Psychology Unit, Department of Psychology, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; (M.T.W.E.); (D.M.); (M.P.)
| | - Marina Tanja Waltraud Eglmaier
- Educational Psychology Unit, Department of Psychology, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; (M.T.W.E.); (D.M.); (M.P.)
| | - Lars Eichen
- Department of Early Childhood Education, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; (L.E.); (K.R.); (C.W.-L.)
| | - Karoline Rettenbacher
- Department of Early Childhood Education, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; (L.E.); (K.R.); (C.W.-L.)
| | - Daniel Macher
- Educational Psychology Unit, Department of Psychology, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; (M.T.W.E.); (D.M.); (M.P.)
| | - Catherine Walter-Laager
- Department of Early Childhood Education, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; (L.E.); (K.R.); (C.W.-L.)
| | - Helmut Karl Lackner
- Otto Loewi Research Center, Division of Physiology, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
- Institute of Medical Engineering, Graz University of Technology, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Ilona Papousek
- Biological Psychology Unit, Department of Psychology, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria;
| | - Manuela Paechter
- Educational Psychology Unit, Department of Psychology, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; (M.T.W.E.); (D.M.); (M.P.)
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McVeigh JA, Smith A, Howie EK, Stamatakis E, Ding D, Cistulli PA, Eastwood P, Straker L. Developmental trajectories of sleep during childhood and adolescence are related to health in young adulthood. Acta Paediatr 2021; 110:2435-2444. [PMID: 33973271 DOI: 10.1111/apa.15911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
AIM Sleep behaviour is correlated and causally related to physical and mental health. Limited longitudinal data exist on the associations of poor sleep behaviour in childhood and adolescence with adult health. Parent-reported sleep behaviours from 1993 participants of the Raine Study (at ages 5, 8, 10, 14, 17) were used to determine sleep trajectories (using latent class growth analysis). METHODS Measures of physical and mental health were compared between sleep trajectories using generalised linear models (at age 20). RESULTS Three sleep trajectories were identified as follows: 43% of participants belonged to a trajectory with 'consistently minimal' sleep problems, 49% showed some 'declining' in reporting of sleep problems incidence and 8% had 'persistent' sleep problems. Participants in the 'consistently minimal' trajectory had better physical and mental health outcomes at age 20 compared to those in the 'declining' and 'persistent' trajectories. For example, 'consistently minimal' participants had significantly lower body fat percentage (mean difference: -3.89% (95% CI: -7.41 to -0.38)) and a higher (better) SF-12 mental component score (mean difference: 4.78 (95% CI: 2.35-7.21)) compared to participants in the 'persistent' trajectory. CONCLUSION Poor sleep behaviour across childhood and adolescent years is related to poorer physical and mental health in young adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanne A. McVeigh
- Curtin School of Allied Health Curtin University Perth WA Australia
- Movement Physiology Laboratory University of Witwatersrand Johannesburg South Africa
| | - Anne Smith
- Curtin School of Allied Health Curtin University Perth WA Australia
| | - Erin K. Howie
- Curtin School of Allied Health Curtin University Perth WA Australia
- Department of Health Human Performance and Recreation University of Arkansas Fayetteville AR USA
| | - Emmanuel Stamatakis
- Charles Perkins Centre School of Health Sciences Faculty of Medicine and Health University of Sydney Sydney NSW Australia
| | - Ding Ding
- Sydney School of Public Health Faculty of Medicine and Health University of Sydney Sydney NSW Australia
| | - Peter A. Cistulli
- Sydney School of Public Health Faculty of Medicine and Health University of Sydney Sydney NSW Australia
| | - Peter Eastwood
- Centre for Sleep Science School of Anatomy, Physiology & Human Biology University of Western Australia Perth WA Australia
| | - Leon Straker
- Curtin School of Allied Health Curtin University Perth WA Australia
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8
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Gottfried MA, Kirksey JJ. Going to sleep and going to school: Linking bedtime to student absenteeism. J Sleep Res 2021; 30:e13396. [PMID: 34121247 DOI: 10.1111/jsr.13396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Educators continuously regard health as being a major driver of school attendance. While physical health factors have been explored in regards to reducing student absenteeism, no attention has been given to the role of bedtime. The present study explored associations between having a regular bedtime, the hour of going to sleep, and school start time to student attendance. Our findings indicate that a regular bedtime reduces kindergartners' absences and decreases their likelihood of being chronically absent. However, the time of bed was not associated with absenteeism, nor was the start time of kindergarten each morning. Potential mechanisms involve school-going routines and practices, and therefore we discuss how schools and communities can play an influential role in helping to address student absenteeism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A Gottfried
- Graduate School of Education, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Tétreault É, Bernier A, Matte-Gagné C. Quality of father-child relationships as a predictor of sleep developments during preschool years. Dev Psychobiol 2021; 63:e22130. [PMID: 33966268 DOI: 10.1002/dev.22130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Substantial developmental changes in sleep occur during the preschool period, but few studies have investigated the factors that forecast these developments. The aim of this study was to examine whether three aspects of father-child relationships in toddlerhood predicted individual differences in developmental patterns of change in five actigraphy-derived sleep variables during the preschool period (N = 67; sleep assessed yearly between 2 and 4 years). In a predominantly White and middle-to-higher income sample, paternal mind-mindedness and quality of father-child interactions were assessed during father-child free play at 18 months and fathers self-reported on their involvement in childrearing at age 2. Multilevel growth modeling revealed that children whose father made more mind-related comments during father-child interactions had a higher proportion of sleep taking place during nighttime as well as shorter daytime and total sleep duration at 2 years. This was, however, followed by a relative leveling off (i.e., less rapid change) of these sleep features between 2 and 4 years. Given previous studies documenting that nighttime sleep proportion increases while daytime and total sleep duration decrease during preschool years, the findings suggest that children who are exposed to more paternal mind-mindedness may reach more mature sleep patterns earlier in development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Émilie Tétreault
- Department of Psychology, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Annie Bernier
- Department of Psychology, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
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10
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Zhang Z, Sousa-Sá E, Pereira JR, Okely AD, Feng X, Santos R. Correlates of Sleep Duration in Early Childhood: A Systematic Review. Behav Sleep Med 2021; 19:407-425. [PMID: 32496141 DOI: 10.1080/15402002.2020.1772264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This systematic review aimed to summarize correlates of sleep duration in children under 5 years of age. METHODS Six electronic databases (PubMed, PsycINFO, MEDLINE, CINAHL, SPORTDiscus, and Scopus) were searched from inception to May 2019. Observational studies and intervention studies reporting cross-sectional results from baseline data were considered. Data were extracted using a predesigned form and potential correlates were categorized following a sociological framework. RESULTS One-hundred and sixteen studies, representing 329,166 children, met the inclusion criteria, with a high risk of bias in 62 included studies. A total of 83 correlates of sleep duration were identified. Among the associations studied four or more times, correlates of nap duration were child's age and nighttime sleep onset/bedtime; correlates of nighttime sleep duration were household income, parent marital status, parental adiposity level, nighttime sleep duration at younger age, nighttime sleep onset/bedtime, nighttime sleep wakeup time, and frequency of current bedtime routine; correlate of total sleep duration was screen time. CONCLUSIONS Young children from low-income households, single families, or having overweight parents may be at risk for short sleep duration. Promoting healthy sleep duration from an early age appears essential. Effective practices may include encouraging an earlier bedtime, limiting screen time, and establishing a regular bedtime routine. The absence of consistent evidence in the psychological, cognitive, and emotional domain as well as the physical environmental domain warrants further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiguang Zhang
- Early Start, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Wollongong, Australia
| | - Eduarda Sousa-Sá
- Early Start, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Wollongong, Australia.,Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Australia
| | - João R Pereira
- Early Start, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Wollongong, Australia.,CIDAF (Uid/dtp/04213/2016), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Anthony D Okely
- Early Start, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Wollongong, Australia.,Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Australia
| | - Xiaoqi Feng
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Australia.,Population Wellbeing and Environment Research Lab (PowerLab), School of Health and Society, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| | - Rute Santos
- Early Start, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Wollongong, Australia.,Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologia, Lisboa, Portugal
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11
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Komrij NL, van Stralen MM, Busch V, Inhulsen MBMR, Koning M, de Jong E, Renders CM. Predictors of Changes in Sleep Duration in Dutch Primary Schoolchildren: the ChecKid Study. Int J Behav Med 2021; 28:189-199. [PMID: 32314258 PMCID: PMC8016776 DOI: 10.1007/s12529-020-09876-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Healthy sleep duration is essential to health and well-being in childhood and later life. Unfortunately, recent evidence shows a decline in sleep duration among children. Although effective interventions promoting healthy sleep duration require insight into its predictors, data on these factors are scarce. This study therefore investigated (i) which individual (lifestyle), social and cultural factors, and living conditions and (ii) which changes in these factors might be associated with the changes in sleep duration of Dutch primary schoolchildren observed over time. METHOD Data from the ChecKid study was used, a dynamic cohort study among 4-13-year-old children living in the city of Zwolle, the Netherlands. Associations between changes in sleep duration and individual (lifestyle) factors (i.e., age, sex, physical activity behavior, sugar-sweetened beverage consumption, screen behavior), social and cultural factors (i.e., parental rules, ethnicity), and living conditions (i.e., parental education, presence of screens in the bedroom, household size) were analyzed using multivariable linear regression. RESULTS A total of 1180 children participated, aged 6.6 ± 1.4 years in 2009. Mean sleep duration decreased from 11.4 ± 0.5 h/night in 2009 to 11.0 ± 0.5 h/night in 2012. Older children, boys, children who used screens after dinner, children with greater computer/game console use, and children whose parents had low levels of education had a greater decrease in sleep duration. CONCLUSIONS This article reports on one of the first large, longitudinal cohort studies on predictors of child sleep duration. The results of the study can inform future interventions aimed at promoting healthy sleep in primary schoolchildren.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina L Komrij
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maartje M van Stralen
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Vincent Busch
- Department of Epidemiology & Health Promotion, Youth Section, Municipal Health Service Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maj-Britt M R Inhulsen
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology & Health Promotion, Youth Section, Municipal Health Service Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maaike Koning
- Research Centre Healthy Cities, Knowledge Centre for Health and Social Work, Windesheim University of Applied Sciences, Zwolle, The Netherlands
| | - Elske de Jong
- Research Centre Healthy Cities, Knowledge Centre for Health and Social Work, Windesheim University of Applied Sciences, Zwolle, The Netherlands
| | - Carry M Renders
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Research Centre Healthy Cities, Knowledge Centre for Health and Social Work, Windesheim University of Applied Sciences, Zwolle, The Netherlands
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12
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Wehrle FM, Caflisch J, Eichelberger DA, Haller G, Latal B, Largo RH, Kakebeeke TH, Jenni OG. The Importance of Childhood for Adult Health and Development-Study Protocol of the Zurich Longitudinal Studies. Front Hum Neurosci 2021; 14:612453. [PMID: 33633550 PMCID: PMC7901945 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2020.612453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence is accumulating that individual and environmental factors in childhood and adolescence should be considered when investigating adult health and aging-related processes. The data required for this is gathered by comprehensive long-term longitudinal studies. This article describes the protocol of the Zurich Longitudinal Studies (ZLS), a set of three comprehensive cohort studies on child growth, health, and development that are currently expanding into adulthood. Between 1954 and 1961, 445 healthy infants were enrolled in the first ZLS cohort. Their physical, motor, cognitive, and social development and their environment were assessed comprehensively across childhood, adolescence, and into young adulthood. In the 1970s, two further cohorts were added to the ZLS and assessed with largely matched study protocols: Between 1974 and 1979, the second ZLS cohort included 265 infants (103 term-born and 162 preterm infants), and between 1970 and 2002, the third ZLS cohort included 327 children of participants of the first ZLS cohort. Since 2019, the participants of the three ZLS cohorts have been traced and invited to participate in a first wave of assessments in adulthood to investigate their current health and development. This article describes the ZLS study protocol and discusses opportunities, methodological and conceptual challenges, and limitations arising from a long-term longitudinal cohort recruited from a study about development in early life. In the future, the ZLS will provide data to investigate childhood antecedents of adult health outcomes and, ultimately, will help respond to the frequent call of scientists to shift the focus of aging research into the first decades of life and, thus, to take a lifespan perspective on aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavia M. Wehrle
- Child Development Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jon Caflisch
- Child Development Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Giulia Haller
- Child Development Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Beatrice Latal
- Child Development Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Remo H. Largo
- Child Development Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Tanja H. Kakebeeke
- Child Development Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Oskar G. Jenni
- Child Development Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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13
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Schoch SF, Huber R, Kohler M, Kurth S. Which are the Central Aspects of Infant Sleep? The Dynamics of Sleep Composites across Infancy. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 20:E7188. [PMID: 33333904 PMCID: PMC7765288 DOI: 10.3390/s20247188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Sleep during infancy is important for the well-being of both infant and parent. Therefore, there is large interest in characterizing infant sleep with reliable tools, for example by combining actigraphy with 24-h-diaries. However, it is critical to select the right variables to characterize sleep. In a longitudinal investigation, we collected sleep data of 152 infants at ages 3, 6, and 12 months. Using principal component analysis, we identified five underlying sleep composites from 48 commonly-used sleep variables: Sleep Night, Sleep Day, Sleep Activity, Sleep Timing, and Sleep Variability. These composites accurately reflect known sleep dynamics throughout infancy as Sleep Day (representing naps), Sleep Activity (representing sleep efficiency and consolidation), and Sleep Variability (representing day-to-day stability) decrease across infancy, while Sleep Night (representing nighttime sleep) slightly increases, and Sleep Timing becomes earlier as one ages. We uncover interesting dynamics between the sleep composites and demonstrate that infant sleep is not only highly variable between infants but also dynamic within infants across time. Interestingly, Sleep Day is associated with behavioral development and therefore a potential marker for maturation. We recommend either the use of sleep composites or the core representative variables within each sleep composite for more reliable research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah F. Schoch
- Department of Pulmonology, University Hospital Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland; (S.F.S.); (M.K.)
- Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, 8006 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Reto Huber
- Child Development Center, University Children’s Hospital Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland;
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Psychiatric Hospital, University of Zurich, 8008 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Malcolm Kohler
- Department of Pulmonology, University Hospital Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland; (S.F.S.); (M.K.)
| | - Salome Kurth
- Department of Pulmonology, University Hospital Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland; (S.F.S.); (M.K.)
- Department of Psychology, University of Fribourg, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
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14
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Davison KK, Haines J, Garcia EA, Douglas S, McBride B. Fathers' food parenting: A scoping review of the literature from 1990 to 2019. Pediatr Obes 2020; 15:e12654. [PMID: 32415676 PMCID: PMC8010159 DOI: 10.1111/ijpo.12654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 04/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND While food parenting is a robust area of inquiry, studies have largely focused on mothers. Given the diversity of family structures today and increases in fathers' engagement in caregiving, fathers' food parenting warrants attention. OBJECTIVE We present a scoping review of research on fathers' food parenting (1990-2019). Eligible studies included peer-reviewed research published in English documenting fathers' food parenting and presenting results for fathers separate from mothers. RESULTS Seventy-seven eligible studies were identified. Most studies were based in the U.S (63.6%) and utilized a cross-sectional design (93.5%). Approximately half of studies used a validated measure of food parenting (54.5%) and slightly less than 30% utilized theory (28.6%). Many studies did not report information on fathers' residential status (37.7%) or their relationship to the target child (biological vs social) (63.6%). Content analysis of study findings showed that: fathers are involved in food parenting, but at lower levels than mothers; there are few consistent mother-father differences in food parenting practices; and fathers' controlling food parenting is linked with negative nutrition outcomes in children while responsive food parenting is linked with positive child outcomes. CONCLUSION To better inform family interventions to prevent childhood obesity, future food parenting research with fathers should recognize the diversity of family structures and utilize prospective, theory-based, designs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten K Davison
- Boston College School of Social Work, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jess Haines
- Department of Family Relations and Applied Nutrition, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Evelin A Garcia
- Boston College School of Social Work, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sabrina Douglas
- Department of Family Relations and Applied Nutrition, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Brent McBride
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, Illinois, USA
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15
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Marino C, Andrade B, Aitken M, Bonato S, Haltigan JD, Wang W, Szatmari P. Do insomnia and/or sleep disturbances predict the onset, relapse or worsening of depression in community and clinical samples of children and youth? Protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ Open 2020; 10:e034606. [PMID: 32868348 PMCID: PMC7462160 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-034606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Disturbed sleep represents a potentially important modifiable risk factor for the development of depression in children and youth. This protocol for a systematic review proposes to investigate whether insomnia and/or sleep disturbances predict child and youth depression in community and clinical-based samples. METHODS AND ANALYSIS The protocol adheres to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols guidelines. English-written, longitudinal studies that quantitatively estimated the prediction of depression by insomnia and/or sleep disturbances in individuals 5-24 years of age will be included. EMBASE, MEDLINE, PsychINFO, Scopus and Web of Science and grey literature will be searched from 1980 to the present. For the selection of studies, two reviewers will be involved. Data extraction will be conducted by one author and checked independently by a second author. Risk of bias will be appraised using the Research Triangle Institute Item Bank tool. Heterogeneity will be measured using the I2 statistics. Meta-analysis will be carried out if ≥3 results are available and if outcome measures can be pooled. The choice between a random-effect or fixed-effect model will be based both on the I2 statistics and the participant and study characteristics of the combined studies. Results of the meta-analyses will be summarised by a forest plot. Analyses will be performed in subgroups stratified by key variables defined depending on the amount and type of information retrieved.A narrative synthesis will be conducted in place of the meta-analysis should the pooling of data not be possible. Quality of evidence will be rated using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation guidelines.As this is a protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis of published data, ethics review and approval are not required. The findings will be published in a peer-reviewed journal and disseminated at scientific conferences and in patient advocacy organisations. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42019136729.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Marino
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Brendan Andrade
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Madison Aitken
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sarah Bonato
- Library Services, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - John D Haltigan
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Wei Wang
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Peter Szatmari
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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16
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Mehta B, Waters K, Fitzgerald D, Badawi N. Sleep disordered breathing (SDB) in neonates and implications for its long-term impact. Paediatr Respir Rev 2020; 34:3-8. [PMID: 31753754 DOI: 10.1016/j.prrv.2019.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) is a significant cause of morbidity in neonates and young infants. SDB occurs more commonly in preterm infants and in neonates with underlying syndromes. Recent evidence shows that infants with obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) or SDB have greater health care resource utilization, including longer hospital stay. Management of SDB includes non-invasive ventilation or surgical interventions tailored to the patient. Screening high risk newborns should allow for early diagnosis and timely therapeutic intervention for this population. However, the thresholds for diagnosing SDB and for guiding and implementing treatment in neonates remain unclear. A collective effort is required to standardize the practice worldwide. This article will discuss neonatal sleep physiology and characteristics of neonatal sleep, with an emphasis on the epidemiology and diagnosis of SDB in neonates and its implications for long term outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhavesh Mehta
- Department of Neonatology, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Discipline of Paediatrics & Child Health, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Australia.
| | - Karen Waters
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Discipline of Paediatrics & Child Health, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Australia
| | - Dominic Fitzgerald
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Discipline of Paediatrics & Child Health, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Australia
| | - Nadia Badawi
- Department of Neonatology, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Discipline of Paediatrics & Child Health, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Australia; Cerebral Palsy Research Institute, Brain and Mind Institute, Sydney, Australia
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17
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Bates CR, Bohnert AM, Buscemi J, Vandell DL, Lee KTH, Bryant FB. Family entropy: understanding the organization of the family home environment and impact on child health behaviors and weight. Transl Behav Med 2020; 9:413-421. [PMID: 31094439 DOI: 10.1093/tbm/ibz042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Child obesity is a major public health issue with a high disease burden. Although numerous contributing factors have been identified, the family home environment is a central context of influence that requires deeper understanding. The level of organization in the family home environment may influence obesity and obesogenic behaviors, but the literature has suffered from the lack of a strong overarching construct and model to guide this area of research. Family entropy is a conceptual framework that fills this gap by representing the level of organization across the home environment. The current study empirically assesses family entropy using factor analysis in a longitudinal sample of 968 children measured yearly from Grades 3 to 6 as part of the NICHD Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development. Mixed modeling using MPLUS examined the influence of family entropy on child weight both directly and indirectly through weight-related health behaviors (i.e., sleep and physical activity), and considered the moderating role of socioeconomic status (SES). Results suggest that family entropy is comprised of distinct elements of household organization and disorganization, which are moderately related. Household disorganization may be particularly detrimental to child sleeping behavior both concurrently and over time in families of both high and low SES. The study concludes with recommendations for advancing understanding of the home environment by using nuanced measurement strategies, and incorporating support for household organization within child obesity prevention and intervention efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolyn R Bates
- Department of Psychology, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Amy M Bohnert
- Department of Psychology, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Joanna Buscemi
- Department of Psychology, DePaul University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Deborah L Vandell
- School of Education, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Kenneth T H Lee
- School of Education, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Fred B Bryant
- Department of Psychology, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
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18
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Santos IS, Del-Ponte B, Tovo-Rodrigues L, Halal CS, Matijasevich A, Cruz S, Anselmi L, Silveira MF, Hallal PRC, Bassani DG. Effect of Parental Counseling on Infants' Healthy Sleep Habits in Brazil: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Netw Open 2019; 2:e1918062. [PMID: 31860110 PMCID: PMC6991232 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.18062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Importance Poor sleep during early childhood is associated with adverse outcomes, including obesity, cognitive impairment, and mental and behavioral disorders. Objective To assess the efficacy of an educational intervention in the promotion of nighttime sleep duration. Design, Setting, and Participants This single-blind, intent-to-treat randomized clinical trial included participants in Pelotas, Brazil, aged 3 months who were followed up until age 24 months. Eligibility criteria included healthy infants aged approximately 3 months who slept less than 15 hours per 24 hours. Infants were randomized to the intervention group or control group. Interventions Information on sleep characteristics, improvements in the environment, establishment of a nighttime sleep routine, and waiting before attending nocturnal awakenings was delivered to mothers in the intervention group by trained home-visitors at baseline. The intervention group received a telephone call on the first and second day after the intervention and a home visit on the third day after the intervention. The intervention's content was reinforced at health care visits for ages 6 months and 12 months. Mothers allocated to the control group were counseled on the benefits of breastfeeding for the mother's and child's health and given written material with content on breastfeeding. Main Outcomes and Measures Nighttime sleep duration was measured by interview and actigraphy at baseline and ages 6, 12, and 24 months and diaries at baseline and age 6 months. At ages 3 and 6 months, nighttime sleep self-regulation was calculated by subtracting nighttime sleep duration recorded by actigraphy from nighttime sleep duration recorded in the diaries and at ages 12 and 24 months by subtracting nighttime sleep duration recorded by actigraphy from nighttime sleep duration obtained by interview. Results Among 1812 mother-infant dyads invited to participate, 798 met the inclusion criteria and 586 agreed to participate. The intervention group included 298 infants (154 [52.9%] boys), and the control group included 288 infants (164 [58.2%] boys). At age 6 months, mean (SD) nighttime sleep duration recorded in diaries was 9.80 (1.85) hours in the intervention group and 9.49 (2.07) hours in the control group, a difference of 19 minutes longer for the intervention group. At age 12 months, mean (SD) nighttime sleep duration based on the Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire was 8.43 (1.35) hours in the intervention group and 8.52 (1.35) hours in the control group, a difference of 5 minutes shorter for the intervention group. At age 24 months, compared with information from the interview, actigraphy records showed that children in the intervention group stayed awake at night without signalizing for a mean (SD) of 0.52 (2.52) hours, whereas children in the control group stayed awake at night without signalizing for a mean (SD) of 0.23 (2.43) hours. There were no statistically significant difference between groups in any of the sleep parameters investigated. Conclusions and Relevance This randomized clinical trial found that the educational intervention did not achieve longer nighttime sleep duration among infants in the intervention group. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02788630.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iná S. Santos
- Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Bianca Del-Ponte
- Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | | | - Camila S. Halal
- Nossa Senhora da Conceição Children’s Hospital, Brazilian Ministry of Health, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Alicia Matijasevich
- Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
- Departmento de Medicina Preventiva, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Suélen Cruz
- Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Luciana Anselmi
- Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | | | - Pedro R. Curi Hallal
- Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Diego G. Bassani
- Department of Paediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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19
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Poppert Cordts KM, Steele RG. Trajectories of pediatric sleepiness and their associations with health-related quality of life. Bull Menninger Clin 2019; 83:175-197. [PMID: 31112409 DOI: 10.1521/bumc.2019.83.2.175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The need for sleep in children has sparked extensive research, with inconclusive support for an association between sleep duration and sleep quality and health-related quality of life (HR-QOL). Daytime sleepiness, which captures a child's subjective sleep experience, has seldom been explored. Latent class growth analysis (LCGA) was employed to identify longitudinal trajectories of children's sleepiness. Trajectories were utilized to assess their association with HRQOL. The present sample included 158 children and their self-reports of sleepiness and HRQOL collected at three time points across an academic year. Results provided support for three trajectories of sleepiness, with significant associations between trajectory and later HRQOL. Post hoc tests revealed significant differences in HRQOL between trajectories. Children with high and stable sleepiness-experienced impairments in HRQOL comparable to children with chronic health conditions. Implications include the establishment of daytime sleepiness as a pervasive state with both statistical and clinical significance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ric G Steele
- Clinical Child Psychology Program, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas
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20
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Ferreira ABD, Schaedler T, Mendes JV, Anacleto TS, Louzada FM. Circadian ontogeny through the lens of nonparametric variables of actigraphy. Chronobiol Int 2019; 36:1184-1189. [PMID: 31272231 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2019.1636814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Studies focusing on human rhythmicity show that human circadian rhythm suffers constant changes across lifespan. Changes in rest-activity patterns can be studied through nonparametric variables of actigraphy: L5 (an individual's least active 5 h), M10 (an individual's most active 10 h) and RA (relative amplitude of the rest-activity rhythm). The variable RA is the normalized difference between L5 and M10 - the higher the RA, the greater the difference between these two variables. This study used the data bank of the Human Chronobiology Laboratory of Federal University of Paraná (Brazil). It analyzed actimetric data of 93 children between 4 and 11 years of age in their naturalistic context in order to describe the development of nonparametric variables. Correlation between age and L5 was significantly negative (rho = - 0.29, p = 0.004), while correlation between age and RA was significantly positive (rho = 0.31, p = 0.003). The variables M10, sL5 (start of L5) and sM10 (start of M10) did not show significant correlation to age. Furthermore, there were no statistical differences between genders. The population of this study, healthy children, has been poorly assessed by similar literature. Through our results, we have demonstrated that, as children age, L5 significantly decreases, which reflects a smaller fragmentation of circadian rhythm. As an expected consequence, RA significantly increases. In other words, these nonparametric variables of actimetry successfully demonstrate that children tend to reduce nocturnal activity as they age, a phenomenon that reflects the ongoing consolidation of circadian rhythm.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Thais Schaedler
- a Department of Physiology, Federal University of Paraná , Curitiba , Brazil
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21
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Cimon-Paquet C, Tétreault É, Bernier A. Early parent–child relationships and child sleep at school age. JOURNAL OF APPLIED DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.appdev.2019.101057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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22
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Wang L, Jansen W, Boere‐Boonekamp MM, Vlasblom E, L'Hoir MP, Beltman M, van Grieken A, Raat H. Sleep and body mass index in infancy and early childhood (6-36 mo): a longitudinal study. Pediatr Obes 2019; 14:e12506. [PMID: 30659783 PMCID: PMC6590411 DOI: 10.1111/ijpo.12506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2018] [Revised: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Relatively, few longitudinal studies have evaluated the association between sleep and body mass index (BMI) among younger children. In addition, few studies have evaluated the bidirectional longitudinal association between sleep duration and child BMI. OBJECTIVE The objective of the study is to determine in children aged 6 to 36 months (1) the cross-sectional association of sleep duration and sleep problems with child BMI z score, (2) whether sleep duration predicts changes in child BMI z score, and (3) and whether BMI z score can predict changes in child sleep duration. METHODS This study used longitudinal data from the BeeBOFT study (N = 2308). Child sleep duration and sleep problems (indicated by night awakenings and sleep-onset latency) were parent reported, and child BMI was measured using a standardized protocol by trained healthcare professionals at approximately 6, 14, and 36 months of age. Linear mixed models and linear regression models were applied to assess the cross-sectional and bidirectional longitudinal associations between sleep and BMI z scores. RESULTS Cross sectionally, shorter sleep duration was associated with higher BMI z scores at 14 (β = -0.034, P < 0.05) and 36 months (β = -0.045, P < 0.05). Sleep duration at 6 or 14 months did not predict BMI z score at either 14 or 36 months. Higher BMI z scores at 6 months predicted shorter sleep duration (hours) at 14 months (β = -0.129, P < 0.001). No association was found between sleep problems and child BMI z scores. CONCLUSIONS Cross-sectional associations between shorter sleep duration and higher BMI z score emerged in early childhood (age 14 and 36 mo). Higher BMI z scores may precede shorter sleep duration but not vice versa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Wang
- Department of Public HealthErasmus University Medical CenterRotterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Wilma Jansen
- Department of Public HealthErasmus University Medical CenterRotterdamThe Netherlands,Department of youth and educationCity of RotterdamRotterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Magda M. Boere‐Boonekamp
- Department Health Technology and Services Research, Technical Medical CentreUniversity of TwenteEnschedethe Netherlands
| | | | - Monique P. L'Hoir
- Department of Agrotechnology and Food Sciences, Subdivision Human NutritionWageningen University and ResearchWageningenThe Netherlands
| | | | - Amy van Grieken
- Department of Public HealthErasmus University Medical CenterRotterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Hein Raat
- Department of Public HealthErasmus University Medical CenterRotterdamThe Netherlands
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Marceau K, Abel EA, Duncan RJ, Moore PJ, Leve LD, Reiss D, Shaw DS, Natsuaki M, Neiderhiser JM, Ganiban JM. Longitudinal Associations of Sleep Duration, Morning and Evening Cortisol, and BMI During Childhood. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2019; 27:645-652. [PMID: 30816633 PMCID: PMC6462140 DOI: 10.1002/oby.22420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to examine associations between sleep duration, BMI, and cortisol levels across childhood. METHODS Participants included 361 children adopted domestically in the United States. Random-intercept cross-lagged panel models tested for between-person and bidirectional within-person associations of sleep duration, BMI, and morning and evening cortisol at age 4.5 to 9 years. RESULTS Sleep duration and BMI were stable during childhood, inversely associated at the between-person level, and unrelated to morning or evening cortisol. BMI at age 6 years predicted longer sleep duration and lower evening cortisol at age 7 years, and lower morning cortisol at age 7 years predicted higher BMI at age 9 years within individuals. CONCLUSIONS The association between sleep and BMI is more likely a stable between-person phenomenon rather than a unidirectional association that develops within individuals over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristine Marceau
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Purdue
University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Emily A. Abel
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Purdue
University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Robert J. Duncan
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Purdue
University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Phillip J. Moore
- Department of Psychology, George Washington University,
Washington DC, USA
| | - Leslie D. Leve
- Department of Counseling Psychology and Human Services,
University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA
| | - David Reiss
- Child Study Center, Yale University, New Haven, CT,
USA
| | - Daniel S. Shaw
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh,
Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Misaki Natsuaki
- Department of Psychology, University of California,
Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA
| | | | - Jody M. Ganiban
- Department of Psychology, George Washington University,
Washington DC, USA
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25
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El Halal CDS, Nunes ML. Sleep and weight-height development. J Pediatr (Rio J) 2019; 95 Suppl 1:2-9. [PMID: 30528567 DOI: 10.1016/j.jped.2018.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To describe the association between sleep duration and weight-height development in children and adolescents. SOURCE OF DATA A non-systematic search in the MEDLINE database was performed using the terms anthropometry, body composition, overweight, obesity, body mass index, growth, length, short stature, sleep, children, and infants and adolescents, limited to the last 5 years. The references cited in the revised articles were also reviewed, when relevant. SYNTHESIS OF DATA Sleep disorders are prevalent in the pediatric population. Among them, insomnia, which leads to a reduction in total sleep time, is the most prevalent disorder. Evidence found in the current literature allows the conclusion that sleep time reduction has a role in the current pandemic of overweight and obesity. Studies associating sleep deprivation and deficit in height growth are still insufficient. CONCLUSIONS The association between shorter sleep duration and risk of overweight and obesity is well established for all pediatric age groups. However, more evidence is needed to establish an association between insufficient sleep duration and height growth deficit. Pediatricians should include the encouragement of healthy sleep habits in their routine guidelines as an adjuvant in the prevention and management of excess weight.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Magda Lahorgue Nunes
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Escola de Medicina, Departamento de Neurociências, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Instituto do Cérebro do Rio Grande do Sul (InsCer), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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26
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The association between sleep and dual-task performance in preterm and full-term children: an exploratory study. Sleep Med 2019; 55:100-108. [PMID: 30772694 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2018.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Revised: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The present study explored associations between sleep and children's dual-task performance using cognitive-motor dual tasks (eg, walking and talking). Previous research with older adults indicated correlations between higher gait variability and unfavorable sleep continuity variables. Based on this research, as a first objective, we investigated similar correlations in a sample of children. Second, we explored correlations between dual-task performance and dimensions of sleep architecture. Third, we tested moderating effects of prematurity on these associations. METHODS In this study, 7-to 12-year-old children were tested in dual-task situations; of those, 39 were formerly preterm, and 59 were full-term born children. They were asked to walk and simultaneously perform different cognitive tasks. Gait was measured using an electronic walkway system. Sleep was measured using in-home sleep-electroencephalography. RESULTS After accounting for age and cognition, regression analyses revealed correlations between a higher number of awakenings after sleep onset and lower dual-task performance; concerning sleep architecture, analyses revealed correlations between a higher amount of rapid-eye-movement (REM) sleep and lower gait variability. Furthermore, associations between a higher amount of slow wave sleep (SWS) and children's higher cognitive performance were found. Moderation analyses indicated no effects of prematurity. CONCLUSIONS Our exploratory study suggests that a more disrupted sleep was related to children's poorer dual-task performance. Our findings support claims that REM sleep seems more related to performance in procedural tasks whereas SWS seems more related to performance in declarative tasks, suggesting that different sleep stages may support the processing of different performance types.
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27
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Tétreault É, Bernier A, Matte-Gagné C, Carrier J. Normative developmental trajectories of actigraphic sleep variables during the preschool period: A three-wave longitudinal study. Dev Psychobiol 2018; 61:141-153. [DOI: 10.1002/dev.21805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Revised: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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28
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Philbrook LE, Vaughn BE, Lu T, Krzysik L, El-Sheikh M. Stability and change in daytime and nighttime sleep in children attending daycare. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BEHAVIORAL DEVELOPMENT 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/0165025418798500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Many young children experience insufficient or poor quality sleep, which may have implications for adjustment and cognitive performance. This study tested group-level changes and rank-order stability in both daytime and nighttime sleep parameters over a six-month period, from fall to spring, among children receiving high-quality, center-based daycare. A total of 68 preschoolers (54% girls; Mage = 3.80 years, SD = .68) participated. Sleep was assessed via actigraphy for seven days and nights; sleep duration (actual sleep minutes) and quality parameters were derived. Analyses of group-level changes indicated that children’s daytime and nighttime sleep duration did not change significantly from fall to spring. Nighttime sleep quality showed significant improvement, however, such that children had higher sleep efficiency in the spring than in the fall. Rank-order stability in both nighttime and daytime measures of sleep duration and quality was moderate, and stability in daytime sleep quality was low. Results add to a sparse literature examining stability in sleep parameters in young children using actigraphy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ting Lu
- College of Human Sciences, Auburn University, USA
| | - Lisa Krzysik
- College of Human Sciences, Auburn University, USA
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29
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Gruber R, Somerville G, Wells S, Keskinel D, Santisteban JA. An actigraphic study of the sleep patterns of younger and older school-age children. Sleep Med 2018; 47:117-125. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2018.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Revised: 03/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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30
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Agostini A, Pignata S, Camporeale R, Scott K, Dorrian J, Way A, Ryan P, Martin J, Kennedy D, Lushington K. Changes in growth and sleep across school nights, weekends and a winter holiday period in two Australian schools. Chronobiol Int 2018; 35:691-704. [PMID: 29372811 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2018.1430037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Studies suggest that there may be an association between sleep and growth; however, the relationship is not well understood. Changes in biology and external factors such as school schedule heavily impact the sleep of adolescents, during a critical phase for growth. This study assessed the changes in sleep across school days, weekends and school holidays, while also measuring height and weight changes, and self-reported alterations in food intake and physical activity. The impact of morningness-eveningness (M-E) on height change and weight gain was also investigated. In a sample of 63 adolescents (mean age = 13.13, SD = 0.33, 31 males) from two independent schools in South Australia, height and weight were measured weekly for 4 weeks prior to the school holidays and 4 weeks after the school holidays. Participants also completed a Morningness/Eveningness Scale and 7-day sleep, diet and physical activity diaries prior to, during and after the school holidays. Participants at one school had earlier wake times during the weekends than participants attending the other school, leading to a significantly shorter sleep duration on weekends for those participants. Regardless of school, sleep was significantly later and longer during the holidays (p < 0.001) and those with a stronger morning preference fell asleep (F18,36 = 3.4, p = 0.001) and woke (F18,44 = 2.0, p = 0.027) earlier than evening types. Growth rate was lower during the holiday weeks. For those attending the school with limited sleep in opportunities, growth after the holidays was lower for those with greater evening preference, whereas for those at the other school, growth was greater for those with greater evening preference. The increase in average weight from pre- to post-holidays was greater for those attending the school with limited opportunities to sleep longer. Participants reported greater food intake during the holidays compared to school days and greater physical activity levels on weekends compared to school days, and school days compared to holidays. Results suggest that time of day preference may impact growth, with evening types who cannot sleep in growing at a slower rate than evening types who can or morning types. This may be related to sleep restriction. Despite sleep being both later and longer during the school holidays, participants' growth slowed during the holiday period. It is possible that this may be a reflection of other behavioural changes in the holidays (increased food intake and reduced physical activity), as sleep timing during the school period was related to growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Agostini
- a Sleep and Chronobiology Laboratory , University of South Australia, Centre for Sleep Research , Adelaide , Australia
| | - Silvia Pignata
- a Sleep and Chronobiology Laboratory , University of South Australia, Centre for Sleep Research , Adelaide , Australia.,b School of Engineering , University of South Australia , Adelaide , Australia.,c University of South Australia , School of Psychology, Social Work and Social Policy , Adelaide , Australia
| | - Roberta Camporeale
- c University of South Australia , School of Psychology, Social Work and Social Policy , Adelaide , Australia
| | - Kathryn Scott
- c University of South Australia , School of Psychology, Social Work and Social Policy , Adelaide , Australia
| | - Jillian Dorrian
- a Sleep and Chronobiology Laboratory , University of South Australia, Centre for Sleep Research , Adelaide , Australia.,c University of South Australia , School of Psychology, Social Work and Social Policy , Adelaide , Australia
| | - Anne Way
- c University of South Australia , School of Psychology, Social Work and Social Policy , Adelaide , Australia
| | - Paul Ryan
- c University of South Australia , School of Psychology, Social Work and Social Policy , Adelaide , Australia
| | - James Martin
- d Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine , Women's and Children's Hospital , Adelaide , Australia
| | - Declan Kennedy
- d Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine , Women's and Children's Hospital , Adelaide , Australia.,e University of Adelaide , Discipline of Paediatrics, School of Medicine , Adelaide , Australia
| | - Kurt Lushington
- a Sleep and Chronobiology Laboratory , University of South Australia, Centre for Sleep Research , Adelaide , Australia.,c University of South Australia , School of Psychology, Social Work and Social Policy , Adelaide , Australia
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31
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Dias CC, Figueiredo B, Rocha M, Field T. Reference values and changes in infant sleep-wake behaviour during the first 12 months of life: a systematic review. J Sleep Res 2018; 27:e12654. [DOI: 10.1111/jsr.12654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Magda Rocha
- School of Psychology; University of Minho; Braga Portugal
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32
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Larose-Grégoire É, Bernier A, Dirks M, Perrier R. Associations between sleep consolidation in infancy and peer relationships in middle childhood. SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/sode.12273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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33
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Predictors of Sleep Outcomes Following Mild Traumatic Brain Injury in Preschoolers: Subjective and Objective Assessment of Outcome. J Head Trauma Rehabil 2017; 32:E13-E23. [DOI: 10.1097/htr.0000000000000303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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34
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Collings PJ, Ball HL, Santorelli G, West J, Barber SE, McEachan RR, Wright J. Sleep Duration and Adiposity in Early Childhood: Evidence for Bidirectional Associations from the Born in Bradford Study. Sleep 2017; 40:2740619. [PMID: 28364513 PMCID: PMC5804981 DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsw054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Study Objectives: To examine independent associations of sleep duration with total and abdominal adiposity, and the bidirectionality of these associations, in a young biethnic sample of children from a disadvantaged location. Methods: Child sleep duration (h/day) was parent-reported by questionnaire and indices of total (body weight, body mass index, percent body fat (%BF), sum of skinfolds) and abdominal adiposity (waist circumference) were measured using standard anthropometric procedures at approximately 12, 18, 24, and 36 months of age in 1,338 children (58% South Asian; 42% White). Mixed effects models were used to quantify independent associations (expressed as standardised β-coefficients (95% confidence interval (CI)) of sleep duration with adiposity indices using data from all four time-points. Factors considered for adjustment in models included basic demographics, pregnancy and birth characteristics, and lifestyle behaviours. Results: With the exception of the sum of skinfolds, sleep duration was inversely and independently associated with indices of total and abdominal adiposity in South Asian children. For example, one standard deviation (SD) higher sleep duration was associated with reduced %BF by -0.029 (95% CI: −0.053, −0.0043) SDs. Higher adiposity was also independently associated with shorter sleep duration in South Asian children (for example, %BF: β = -0.10 (-0.16, -0.028) SDs). There were no significant associations in White children. Conclusions: Associations between sleep duration and adiposity are bidirectional and independent among South Asian children from a disadvantaged location. The results highlight the importance of considering adiposity as both a determinant of decreased sleep and a potential consequence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul J Collings
- Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford, UK
| | - Helen L Ball
- Parent-Infant Sleep Lab & Anthropology of Health Research Group, Department of Anthropology, Durham University, Durham
| | - Gillian Santorelli
- Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford, UK
| | - Jane West
- Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford, UK
| | - Sally E Barber
- Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford, UK
| | - Rosemary Rc McEachan
- Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford, UK
| | - John Wright
- Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford, UK
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35
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Decreases in self-reported sleep duration among U.S. adolescents 2009-2015 and association with new media screen time. Sleep Med 2017; 39:47-53. [PMID: 29157587 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2017.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2017] [Revised: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES Insufficient sleep among adolescents carries significant health risks, making it important to determine social factors that change sleep duration. We sought to determine whether the self-reported sleep duration of U.S. adolescents changed between 2009 and 2015 and examine whether new media screen time (relative to other factors) might be responsible for changes in sleep. METHODS We drew from yearly, nationally representative surveys of sleep duration and time use among adolescents conducted since 1991 (Monitoring the Future) and 2007 (Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System of the Centers for Disease Control; total N = 369,595). RESULTS Compared to 2009, adolescents in 2015 were 16%-17% more likely to report sleeping less than 7 h a night on most nights, with an increase in short sleep duration after 2011-2013. New media screen time (electronic device use, social media, and reading news online) increased over this time period and was associated with increased odds of short sleep duration, with a clear exposure-response relationship for electronic devices after 2 or more hours of use per day. Other activities associated with short sleep duration, such as homework time, working for pay, and TV watching, were relatively stable or reduced over this time period, making it unlikely that these activities caused the sudden increase in short sleep duration. CONCLUSIONS Increased new media screen time may be involved in the recent increases (from 35% to 41% and from 37% to 43%) in short sleep among adolescents. Public health interventions should consider electronic device use as a target of intervention to improve adolescent health.
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36
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Magee CA, Robinson L, Keane C. Sleep quality subtypes predict health-related quality of life in children. Sleep Med 2017; 35:67-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2017.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2016] [Revised: 03/17/2017] [Accepted: 04/15/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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37
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Lee JE, Jang SI, Ju YJ, Kim W, Lee HJ, Park EC. Relationship between Mobile Phone Addiction and the Incidence of Poor and Short Sleep among Korean Adolescents: a Longitudinal Study of the Korean Children & Youth Panel Survey. J Korean Med Sci 2017; 32:1166-1172. [PMID: 28581275 PMCID: PMC5461322 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2017.32.7.1166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Accepted: 04/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Three of ten teenagers in Korea are addicted to mobile phones. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between mobile phone addiction and the incidence of poor sleep quality and short sleep duration in adolescents. We used longitudinal data from the Korean Children & Youth Panel Survey conducted by the National Youth Policy Institute in Korea (2011-2013). A total of 1,125 students at baseline were included in this study after excluding those who already had poor sleep quality or short sleep duration in the previous year. A generalized estimating equation was used to analyze the data. High mobile phone addiction (mobile phone addiction score > 20) increased the risk of poor sleep quality but not short sleep duration. We suggest that consistent monitoring and effective intervention programs are required to prevent mobile phone addiction and improve adolescents' sleep quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joo Eun Lee
- Department of Public Health, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung In Jang
- Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yeong Jun Ju
- Department of Public Health, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Woorim Kim
- Department of Public Health, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyo Jung Lee
- Department of Public Health, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Cheol Park
- Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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38
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Relationships Among Sleep Problems, Executive Function and Social Behavior During the Preschool Period. ADONGHAKOEJI 2017. [DOI: 10.5723/kjcs.2017.38.3.33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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39
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Abstract
We provide an overview of Swiss child health care, describe the organizational structures of primary care services and hospital care in pediatrics, and analyze such significant challenges as the decline of the number of primary care physicians in communities and the economic and regulatory pressures on hospitals. We also offer thoughts and ideas for future directions, initiatives, and innovations to ensure that each child achieves the best possible health and quality of life, which is the ultimate goal of health care professionals. New developments should be promoted from a position of strength because Swiss pediatrics is well positioned, and its future remains bright.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oskar G Jenni
- Children's Research Center and the Child Development Center, University Children's Hospital Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Felix H Sennhauser
- Children's Research Center and the Child Development Center, University Children's Hospital Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
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40
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Cho S, Philbrook LE, Davis EL, Buss KA. Sleep duration and RSA suppression as predictors of internalizing and externalizing behaviors. Dev Psychobiol 2016; 59:60-69. [PMID: 27577700 DOI: 10.1002/dev.21467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2015] [Accepted: 08/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Although the conceptual interplay among the biological and clinical features of sleep, arousal, and emotion regulation has been noted, little is understood about how indices of sleep duration and parasympathetic reactivity operate jointly to predict adjustment in early childhood. Using a sample of 123 toddlers, the present study examined sleep duration and RSA reactivity as predictors of internalizing and externalizing behaviors. Parents reported on children's sleep duration and adjustment. RSA reactivity was assessed via children's responses to fear-eliciting stimuli and an inhibitory control challenge. Findings demonstrated that greater RSA suppression to both types of tasks in combination with longer sleep duration was concurrently associated with less internalizing. In contrast, greater RSA augmentation to an inhibitory control task in the context of shorter sleep duration predicted more externalizing 1 year later. The significance of duration of toddlers' sleep as well as the context in which physiological regulatory difficulties occurs is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunghye Cho
- Department of Psychology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania
| | - Lauren E Philbrook
- Human Development and Family Studies, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama
| | - Elizabeth L Davis
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Riverside, California
| | - Kristin A Buss
- Department of Psychology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania
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41
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Sivertsen B, Harvey AG, Pallesen S, Hysing M. Trajectories of sleep problems from childhood to adolescence: a population-based longitudinal study from Norway. J Sleep Res 2016; 26:55-63. [DOI: 10.1111/jsr.12443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2016] [Accepted: 07/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Børge Sivertsen
- Department of Health Promotion; Norwegian Institute of Public Health; Bergen Norway
- The Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare; Uni Research Health; Bergen Norway
- Department of Psychiatry; Helse Fonna HF; Haugesund Norway
| | | | - Ståle Pallesen
- Department of Psychosocial Science; University of Bergen; Bergen Norway
| | - Mari Hysing
- The Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare; Uni Research Health; Bergen Norway
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42
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Lee JE, Park S, Nam JY, Ju YJ, Park EC. Effect of Changes in Sleep Quantity and Quality on Depressive Symptoms Among Korean Children. J Sch Nurs 2016; 33:299-306. [PMID: 27470310 DOI: 10.1177/1059840516660015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aims to determine whether changes in sleep quantity and quality in childhood are associated with incidence of depressive symptoms. We used the three waves of the Korean Children & Youth Panel Survey (2011-2013). Statistical analysis using a generalized estimating equation model was performed. The 2,605 subjects analyzed included 1,453 students in 2012 and 1,152 students in 2013 without depressive symptoms in the prior year. We found that deteriorated or consistently poor sleep quality were important risk factors for depressive symptoms in children. We suggest that early detection and intervention of poor sleep quality in elementary school is required to reduce early onset depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joo Eun Lee
- 1 Department of Public Health, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,2 Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sohee Park
- 3 Department of Epidemiology and Health Promotion, Graduate School of Public Health, Yonsei University, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Young Nam
- 1 Department of Public Health, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,2 Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Jun Ju
- 1 Department of Public Health, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,2 Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Cheol Park
- 2 Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,4 Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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43
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Prospective associations between chronic youth sleep problems and young adult health. Sleep Health 2016; 2:69-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleh.2015.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2015] [Revised: 10/20/2015] [Accepted: 11/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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44
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Temperament moderates the association between sleep duration and cognitive performance in children. J Exp Child Psychol 2016; 144:184-98. [PMID: 26761147 DOI: 10.1016/j.jecp.2015.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2015] [Revised: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 11/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The importance of sufficient sleep for cognitive performance has been increasingly recognized. Individual differences in susceptibility to effects of sleep restriction have hardly been investigated in children. We investigated whether individual differences in temperament moderate the association of sleep duration with sustained attention, inhibition, and working memory in 123 children (42% boys) aged 9 to 11 years. Sleep duration was assessed using parental diaries, and temperament traits of extraversion and negative affectivity were assessed by child self-report (Early Adolescent Temperament Questionnaire-Revised). Computerized assessment of sustained attention (short-form Psychomotor Vigilance Task, PVT), inhibition (PVT Go/No-Go adaptation), and working memory (visual Digit Span) were performed at school. Our findings demonstrate that long-sleeping introverted and negatively affective children show worse sustained attention and working memory than short-sleeping children with these temperaments.
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45
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El-Sheikh M, Hinnant JB, Erath SA. Vi. Marital conflict, vagal regulation, and children's sleep: a longitudinal investigation. Monogr Soc Res Child Dev 2015; 80:89-106. [PMID: 25704737 DOI: 10.1111/mono.12146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We examined longitudinal relations between adult interpartner conflict (referred to as marital conflict) and children's subsequent sleep minutes and quality assessed objectively via actigraphy, and tested parasympathetic nervous system (PNS) activity indexed through respiratory sinus arrhythmia reactivity (RSA-R) and initial sleep as moderators of predictive associations. At Wave 1 (W1), children (85 boys, 75 girls) with a mean age of 9.43 years (SD=.69) reported on marital conflict, and their sleep was assessed with actigraphs for seven nights. Sleep minutes, sleep efficiency, sleep activity, and number of long wake episodes were derived. RSA-R was measured in response to a lab challenge. Sleep parameters were assessed again 1 year later at Wave 2 (W2; mean age=10.39; SD=.64). Analyses consistently revealed 3-way interactions among W1 marital conflict, sleep, and RSA-R as predictors of W2 sleep parameters. Sleep was stable among children with more sleep minutes and better sleep quality at W1 or low exposure to marital conflict at W1. Illustrating conditional risk, marital conflict predicted increased sleep problems (reduced sleep minutes, worse sleep quality) at W2 among children with poorer sleep at W1 in conjunction with less apt physiological regulation (i.e., lower levels of RSA-R or less vagal withdrawal) at W1. Findings build on the scant literature and underscore the importance of simultaneous consideration of bioregulatory systems (PNS and initial sleep in this study) in conjunction with family processes in the prediction of children's later sleep parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona El-Sheikh
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Auburn University
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46
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Spruyt K, Alaribe CU, Nwabara OU. Daily dynamics in sleep and behavior of young African-American children: A convoluted dyad?! Int J Psychophysiol 2015; 99:57-66. [PMID: 26548618 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2015.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2015] [Revised: 10/26/2015] [Accepted: 11/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Prior research has provided evidence that in children sleep and behavior are related. We aimed to determine the association between naturalistic daily variations in sleep and behavioral functioning. African American children, 5.4±1.7years old, living on the south side of Chicago participated in a repeated measures study to assess this sleep-behavior link. Data was obtained from three separate two-week periods of 24-hour actigraphy and the parental version of the Behavioral Assessment System for Children. Canonical correlations analyses were applied to investigate the relation between individual changes in sleep and behavior. After 1-month, weekday average sleep duration primarily related to internalizing behaviors, while within-child variability of sleep related to behavioral changes which may involve internalizing and externalizing symptoms. Week-weekend differences in sleep associated with maladaptive social skills. Over a 6-week period, sleep onset latency and sleep offset latency related to behavioral symptoms and maladaptive skills. Over a period of 3-months, sleep associated with symptomatic behaviors while the adverse impact of within-child variability of sleep attenuated. Alternatively, the week-weekend differences in bedtime, wake-up time, wake after sleep onset and sleep onset latency in particular related to internalizing and externalizing behavior problems. Findings showed that poor sleep related to dysfunctional behaviors. While maladaptive at the beginning, they may develop into symptomatic behaviors with potentially internalizing characteristics. As time goes on, individual changes in sleep onset and offset might be important clinical markers of a chronic 'social dysregulation'. Continued sufficient and regular sleep may improve daytime and nighttime behavioral regulation in early childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Spruyt
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Pleinlaan 2, 1050, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium; GKC-Rett Expertise Center - MHeNS, Maastricht University, PO Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, Netherlands; Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, Shanghai Children's Medical Center affiliated with Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 1678 Dongfang Road, Pudong, Shanghai, China.
| | - Calista U Alaribe
- College of Health Sciences, Department of Health Studies, Chicago State University, 9501 S King Dr, Chicago, IL 60628, USA
| | - Odochi U Nwabara
- College of Health Sciences, Department of Health Studies, Chicago State University, 9501 S King Dr, Chicago, IL 60628, USA
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47
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MacLean JE, Fitzgerald DA, Waters KA. Developmental changes in sleep and breathing across infancy and childhood. Paediatr Respir Rev 2015; 16:276-84. [PMID: 26364005 DOI: 10.1016/j.prrv.2015.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2015] [Accepted: 08/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Sleep and breathing are physiological processes that begin in utero and undergo progressive change. While the major period of change for both sleep and breathing occurs during the months after birth, considered a period of vulnerability, more subtle changes continue to occur throughout childhood. The systems that control sleep and breathing develop separately, but sleep represents an activity state during which breathing and breathing control is significantly altered. Infants and young children may spend up to 12 hours a day sleeping; therefore, the effects of sleep on breathing are fundamental to understanding both processes in childhood. This review summarizes the current literature relevant to understanding the normal development of sleep and breathing across infancy and childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna E MacLean
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada; Discipline of Paediatrics & Child Health, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - Dominic A Fitzgerald
- Discipline of Paediatrics & Child Health, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Karen A Waters
- Discipline of Paediatrics & Child Health, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Hayley AC, Skogen JC, Øverland S, Wold B, Williams LJ, Kennedy GA, Sivertsen B. Trajectories and stability of self-reported short sleep duration from adolescence to adulthood. J Sleep Res 2015; 24:621-8. [DOI: 10.1111/jsr.12316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2014] [Accepted: 05/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Amie C. Hayley
- IMPACT SRC; School of Medicine; Deakin University and Barwon Health; Geelong Australia
- Centre for Human Psychopharmacology; Swinburne University of Technology; Hawthorn Australia
| | - Jens C. Skogen
- Department of Public Mental Health; Division of Mental Health; Norwegian Institute of Public Health; Bergen Norway
- Alcohol and Drug Research Western Norway; Stavanger University Hospital; Stavanger Norway
| | - Simon Øverland
- Department of Public Mental Health; Division of Mental Health; Norwegian Institute of Public Health; Bergen Norway
- Department of Psychosocial Science; Faculty of Psychology; University of Bergen; Bergen Norway
| | - Bente Wold
- Department of Health Promotion and Development; Faculty of Psychology; University of Bergen; Bergen Norway
| | - Lana J. Williams
- IMPACT SRC; School of Medicine; Deakin University and Barwon Health; Geelong Australia
| | - Gerard A. Kennedy
- School of Psychology, Counselling & Psychotherapy; Cairnmillar Institute; Camberwell Australia
| | - Børge Sivertsen
- Department of Public Mental Health; Division of Mental Health; Norwegian Institute of Public Health; Bergen Norway
- Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare; Uni Research Health; Bergen Norway
- Department of Psychiatry; Helse Fonna HF, Haugesund Norway
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Raieli V, Pitino R, Giordano G, Spitalieri C, Consolo F, Puma D, Santangelo G, Vanadia F, D'Amelio M. Migraine in a pediatric population: a clinical study in children younger than 7 years of age. Dev Med Child Neurol 2015; 57:585-8. [PMID: 25586426 DOI: 10.1111/dmcn.12679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
AIM Migraines in children younger than 7 years of age have received limited attention in the published literature. The aim of this study is to describe the characteristics of migraine phenotypes in children younger than 7 years, and to compare them with migraines in children older than 7 years of age. METHOD We reviewed all standard clinical files, collected over 4 years, related to children with a diagnosis of primary headache. We included all children younger than 7 years diagnosed with migraine in our study. RESULTS A total of 374 children (188 males, 186 females) were affected by migraine with/without aura: 40 of these patients (10.7%; 20 males, 20 females; mean age 5y 7mo, SD 1y 2mo) where younger than 7 years old. The frequencies of the main migraine features in the younger age group were similar to those of children older than 7 years, with the exception of a shorter duration of migraine and reduced frequency of attacks. INTERPRETATION In children younger than 7 years of age, the clinical phenotype of migraine is similar to that seen in older children. We propose that there is a general genetic migraine susceptibility that, in the presence of activating environmental factors, may induce typical attacks of migraine in individuals already predisposed to migraine attacks. Therefore, different modules induce different clinical features within the different age groups, but there is no difference in the frequencies of clinical phenotypes between the two age groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Raieli
- Child Neuropsychiatry Unit, Di Cristina Hospital ARNAS Civico, Palermo, Italy
| | - Renata Pitino
- Child Neuropsychiatry School, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | | | | | - Flavia Consolo
- Child Neuropsychiatry Unit, Di Cristina Hospital ARNAS Civico, Palermo, Italy
| | - Domenico Puma
- Child Neuropsychiatry Unit, Di Cristina Hospital ARNAS Civico, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Santangelo
- Child Neuropsychiatry Unit, Di Cristina Hospital ARNAS Civico, Palermo, Italy
| | - Francesca Vanadia
- Child Neuropsychiatry Unit, Di Cristina Hospital ARNAS Civico, Palermo, Italy
| | - Marco D'Amelio
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
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Abstract
The interaction between sleep and headache or migraine is powerful and an elevated comorbidity between these 2 disorders has been reported in either adults or children. This comobidity is linked to common neurophysiological and neuroanatomical substrates that are genetically based strongly. The first reports on this relationship were related to the prevalence of parasomnias and sleep-disordered breathing in headache but recent research has expanded the comorbidity to several other sleep disorders, such as restless legs syndrome, periodic limb movements during sleep, and narcolepsy. The assessment of children with headache should always include an accurate anamnesis for the presence of sleep problems either in the child or in the relatives; no correct approach for treating children and adolescents is possible without an integrated method of evaluation and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Dosi
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Mariagrazia Figura
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine University of Messina, Messina, Italy; Oasi Research Insitute IRCCS, Troina, Italy
| | | | - Oliviero Bruni
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy.
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