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Sparks R, Rachmaninoff N, Lau WW, Hirsch DC, Bansal N, Martins AJ, Chen J, Liu CC, Cheung F, Failla LE, Biancotto A, Fantoni G, Sellers BA, Chawla DG, Howe KN, Mostaghimi D, Farmer R, Kotliarov Y, Calvo KR, Palmer C, Daub J, Foruraghi L, Kreuzburg S, Treat JD, Urban AK, Jones A, Romeo T, Deuitch NT, Moura NS, Weinstein B, Moir S, Ferrucci L, Barron KS, Aksentijevich I, Kleinstein SH, Townsley DM, Young NS, Frischmeyer-Guerrerio PA, Uzel G, Pinto-Patarroyo GP, Cudrici CD, Hoffmann P, Stone DL, Ombrello AK, Freeman AF, Zerbe CS, Kastner DL, Holland SM, Tsang JS. A unified metric of human immune health. Nat Med 2024:10.1038/s41591-024-03092-6. [PMID: 38961223 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-024-03092-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
Immunological health has been challenging to characterize but could be defined as the absence of immune pathology. While shared features of some immune diseases and the concept of immunologic resilience based on age-independent adaptation to antigenic stimulation have been developed, general metrics of immune health and its utility for assessing clinically healthy individuals remain ill defined. Here we integrated transcriptomics, serum protein, peripheral immune cell frequency and clinical data from 228 patients with 22 monogenic conditions impacting key immunological pathways together with 42 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Despite the high penetrance of monogenic lesions, differences between individuals in diverse immune parameters tended to dominate over those attributable to disease conditions or medication use. Unsupervised or supervised machine learning independently identified a score that distinguished healthy participants from patients with monogenic diseases, thus suggesting a quantitative immune health metric (IHM). In ten independent datasets, the IHM discriminated healthy from polygenic autoimmune and inflammatory disease states, marked aging in clinically healthy individuals, tracked disease activities and treatment responses in both immunological and nonimmunological diseases, and predicted age-dependent antibody responses to immunizations with different vaccines. This discriminatory power goes beyond that of the classical inflammatory biomarkers C-reactive protein and interleukin-6. Thus, deviations from health in diverse conditions, including aging, have shared systemic immune consequences, and we provide a web platform for calculating the IHM for other datasets, which could empower precision medicine.
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Grants
- 1ZIAAI001152 Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (Division of Intramural Research of the NIAID)
- 1ZIAAI001152 Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (Division of Intramural Research of the NIAID)
- 1ZIAAI001152 Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (Division of Intramural Research of the NIAID)
- 1ZIAAI001152 Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (Division of Intramural Research of the NIAID)
- 1ZIAAI001152 Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (Division of Intramural Research of the NIAID)
- 1ZIAAI001152 Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (Division of Intramural Research of the NIAID)
- 1ZIAAI001152 Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (Division of Intramural Research of the NIAID)
- 1ZIAAI001152 Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (Division of Intramural Research of the NIAID)
- 1ZIAAI001152 Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (Division of Intramural Research of the NIAID)
- 1ZIAAI001152 Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (Division of Intramural Research of the NIAID)
- Z01 AI000825-24 LIR Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (Division of Intramural Research of the NIAID)
- 1 ZIA AI001202-07 Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (Division of Intramural Research of the NIAID)
- Z-01-A-00646 Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (Division of Intramural Research of the NIAID)
- Z-01-A-00647 Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (Division of Intramural Research of the NIAID)
- Z-01-A-00646 Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (Division of Intramural Research of the NIAID)
- 5R01AI170116 U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)
- U19AI089992 U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | Office of Extramural Research, National Institutes of Health (OER)
- U19AI089992 U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | Office of Extramural Research, National Institutes of Health (OER)
- ZIA-HL006089-12 U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
- 1ZIAHG200371 U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI)
- 1ZIAHG200373 U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI)
- 1ZIAHG200374 U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI)
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Sparks
- Multiscale Systems Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Nicholas Rachmaninoff
- Multiscale Systems Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - William W Lau
- Multiscale Systems Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Dylan C Hirsch
- Multiscale Systems Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Neha Bansal
- Multiscale Systems Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Andrew J Martins
- Multiscale Systems Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jinguo Chen
- NIH Center for Human Immunology, Inflammation, and Autoimmunity, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Candace C Liu
- Multiscale Systems Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Foo Cheung
- NIH Center for Human Immunology, Inflammation, and Autoimmunity, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Laura E Failla
- Multiscale Systems Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Angelique Biancotto
- NIH Center for Human Immunology, Inflammation, and Autoimmunity, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Giovanna Fantoni
- NIH Center for Human Immunology, Inflammation, and Autoimmunity, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Brian A Sellers
- NIH Center for Human Immunology, Inflammation, and Autoimmunity, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Daniel G Chawla
- Program in Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Katherine N Howe
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Darius Mostaghimi
- Multiscale Systems Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Rohit Farmer
- NIH Center for Human Immunology, Inflammation, and Autoimmunity, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Yuri Kotliarov
- NIH Center for Human Immunology, Inflammation, and Autoimmunity, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Katherine R Calvo
- Hematology Section, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Center, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Cindy Palmer
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Janine Daub
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ladan Foruraghi
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Samantha Kreuzburg
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jennifer D Treat
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Amanda K Urban
- Clinical Research Directorate, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Anne Jones
- Inflammatory Disease Section, NHGRI, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Tina Romeo
- Inflammatory Disease Section, NHGRI, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | | | | | - Susan Moir
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Luigi Ferrucci
- Translational Gerontology Branch, NIA, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Karyl S Barron
- Division of Intramural Research, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Steven H Kleinstein
- Program in Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | | | - Neal S Young
- Hematology Branch, NHLBI, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Gulbu Uzel
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Alexandra F Freeman
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Christa S Zerbe
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Steven M Holland
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - John S Tsang
- Multiscale Systems Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.
- NIH Center for Human Immunology, Inflammation, and Autoimmunity, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.
- Center for Systems and Engineering Immunology, Departments of Immunobiology and Biomedical Engineering, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
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Wang P, Tadeo X, Chew HSJ, Sapanel Y, Ong YH, Leung NYT, Chow EKH, Ho D. N-of-1 health optimization: Digital monitoring of biomarker dynamics to gamify adherence to metabolic switching. PNAS NEXUS 2024; 3:pgae214. [PMID: 38881838 PMCID: PMC11179112 DOI: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgae214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
The digital health field is experiencing substantial growth due to its potential for sustained and longitudinal deployment. In turn, this may drive improved monitoring and intervention as catalysts for behavioral change compared to traditional point-of-care practices. In particular, the increase in incidence of population health challenges such as diabetes, heart disease, fatty liver disease, and other disorders coupled with rising healthcare costs have emphasized the importance of exploring technical, economics, and implementation considerations, among others in the decentralization of health and healthcare innovations. Both healthy individuals and patients stand to benefit from continued technical advances and studies in these domains. To address these points, this study reports a N-of-1 study comprised of sustained regimens of intermittent fasting, fitness (strength and cardiovascular training), and high protein, low carbohydrate diet and parallel monitoring. These regimens were paired with serial blood ketone, blood glucose (wearable and finger stick) and blood pressure readings, as well as body weight measurements using a collection of devices. Collectively this suite of platforms and approaches were used to monitor metabolic switching from glucose to ketones as energy sources-a process associated with potential cardio- and neuroprotective functions. In addition to longitudinal biomarker dynamics, this work discusses user perspectives on the potential role of harnessing digital devices to these dynamics as potential gamification factors, as well as considerations for the role of biomarker monitoring in health regimen development, user stratification, and potentially informing downstream population-scale studies to address metabolic disease, healthy aging and longevity, among other indications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Design and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore
- Institute for Digital Medicine (WisDM), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117456, Singapore
- The N.1 Institute for Health (N.1), National University of Singapore, Singapore 117456, Singapore
| | - Xavier Tadeo
- Institute for Digital Medicine (WisDM), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117456, Singapore
- The N.1 Institute for Health (N.1), National University of Singapore, Singapore 117456, Singapore
| | - Han Shi Jocelyn Chew
- Alice Lee Centre for Nursing Studies, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Yoann Sapanel
- Institute for Digital Medicine (WisDM), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117456, Singapore
- Singapore's Health District @ Queenstown, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117456, Singapore
| | - Yoong Hun Ong
- Institute for Digital Medicine (WisDM), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117456, Singapore
- The N.1 Institute for Health (N.1), National University of Singapore, Singapore 117456, Singapore
| | - Nicole Yong Ting Leung
- Institute for Digital Medicine (WisDM), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117456, Singapore
- The N.1 Institute for Health (N.1), National University of Singapore, Singapore 117456, Singapore
| | - Edward Kai-Hua Chow
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Design and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore
- Institute for Digital Medicine (WisDM), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117456, Singapore
- The N.1 Institute for Health (N.1), National University of Singapore, Singapore 117456, Singapore
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
- NUS Centre for Cancer Research (N2CR), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
| | - Dean Ho
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Design and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore
- Institute for Digital Medicine (WisDM), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117456, Singapore
- The N.1 Institute for Health (N.1), National University of Singapore, Singapore 117456, Singapore
- Singapore's Health District @ Queenstown, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117456, Singapore
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore
- The Bia-Echo Asia Centre for Reproductive Longevity and Equality, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117456, Singapore
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3
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de Nóbrega T, da Silva M, Rampani E, Curi R, Bazotte R. Tolerability of glutamine supplementation in older adults: a double-blind placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial. Braz J Med Biol Res 2024; 57:e13468. [PMID: 38808890 PMCID: PMC11136481 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x2024e13468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
In this double-blind placebo-controlled randomized investigation, we assessed the tolerability of glutamine in older adults recruited from three daycare centers. The relevance of studying glutamine supplementation in elderly patients lies in its potential to provide a well-tolerated intervention. Glutamine, a crucial amino acid, plays a vital role in various physiological processes, including immune function and protein synthesis. Understanding its impact on older adults is essential, given the potential implications for their health and well-being. Participants received a daily dose of 12.4 g of oral effervescent glutamine (EGln group) or maltodextrin (placebo group) for 60 days. Fifteen patients from each group completed the study. The mean ages were 77.0±9.1 and 79.0±6.9 years for the EGln and placebo groups, respectively. We evaluated body mass index, aminogram, hemogram, plasma levels of glucose, prealbumin, albumin, urea, creatinine, uric acid, C-reactive protein, vitamin D, calcium, sodium, potassium, and the plasma activities of aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase. Notably, we quantified a broad array of inflammatory markers and growth factors providing a holistic understanding of the potential effects of glutamine supplementation. The results demonstrated that oral glutamine did not induce significant changes in any evaluated parameters, and no adverse effects were reported. This finding suggested that the dosage of glutamine used in this study was well-tolerated and safe. This information contributes to the broader understanding of glutamine supplementation, emphasizing its safety and supporting its potential as a viable intervention for maintaining health in aging individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- T.C.M. de Nóbrega
- Programa de Pós-graduação Interdisciplinar em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Cruzeiro do Sul, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - M.A.R.C.P. da Silva
- Departamento de Farmacologia e Terapêutica, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brasil
| | - E.M. Rampani
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brasil
| | - R. Curi
- Programa de Pós-graduação Interdisciplinar em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Cruzeiro do Sul, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
- Seção de Produção de Imunobiológicos, Centro Bioindustrial, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - R.B. Bazotte
- Programa de Pós-graduação Interdisciplinar em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Cruzeiro do Sul, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brasil
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4
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Davidson-Turner KJ, Farina MP, Hayward MD. Racial/Ethnic differences in inflammation levels among older adults 56+: an examination of sociodemographic differences across inflammation measure. BIODEMOGRAPHY AND SOCIAL BIOLOGY 2024; 69:75-89. [PMID: 38807566 DOI: 10.1080/19485565.2024.2356672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Chronic inflammation is a key biological risk factor for many widespread adult health conditions. This study examines racial/ethnic differences in inflammation across several inflammatory markers, including selected cytokines that are identified as important for aging and age-related health outcomes. METHODS Data came from the 2016 Venous Blood Collection Subsample of the Health and Retirement Study. Using logistic regression models, we compared high-risk categories of C-reactive protein and cytokine markers (IL-6, IL-10, IL-1RA, TNFR1, and TGF-Beta), across race/ethnicity and whether these differences persisted among men and women. RESULTS The findings provided evidence of significant race/ethnic differences in inflammatory measures, but the patterns differed across marker types. CONCLUSIONS These findings emphasize that race/ethnic differences are not consistently captured across markers of inflammation and that researchers should proceed with caution when using individual markers of inflammation in an effort to not overlook potential racial/ethnic differences in biological risk.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mateo P Farina
- Department of Human Development and Family Sciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Mark D Hayward
- Department of Sociology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
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5
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Torigoe TH, Willcox DC, Shimabukuro M, Higa M, Gerschenson M, Andrukhiv A, Suzuki M, Morris BJ, Chen R, Gojanovich GS, Allsopp RC, Willcox BJ. Novel protective effect of the FOXO3 longevity genotype on mechanisms of cellular aging in Okinawans. NPJ AGING 2024; 10:18. [PMID: 38459055 PMCID: PMC10923797 DOI: 10.1038/s41514-024-00142-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
The genetic association of FOXO3 genotypes with human longevity is well established, although the mechanism is not fully understood. We now report on the relationship of the FOXO3 longevity variant rs2802292 with telomere length, telomerase activity, FOXO3 expression, and inflammatory cytokine levels in men and women. In agreement with earlier work, the FOXO3 longevity variant conferred protection against telomere shortening of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from adults aged 55 years and older. This was accompanied by higher levels of telomerase activity in mononuclear cells for carriers of the longevity-associated FOXO3 G-allele of SNP rs2802292 (P = 0.015). FOXO3 mRNA expression increased slightly with age in both young (P = 0.02) and old (P = 0.08) G-allele carriers. Older female G-allele carriers displayed a modest decline in levels of pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-6 with age (P = 0.07). In contrast, older male G-allele carriers displayed an age-dependent increase in levels of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 with age (P = 0.04). Thus, FOXO3 may act through several different pro-longevity mechanisms, which may differ by age and sex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trevor H Torigoe
- Institute for Biogenesis Research, Department of Anatomy, Biochemistry, and Physiology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, USA.
| | - D Craig Willcox
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, USA
- Department of Human Welfare, Okinawa International University, Ginowan, Okinawa, Japan
- Okinawa Research Center for Longevity Science, Urasoe, Okinawa, Japan
- Department of Research, Kuakini Medical Center, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Michio Shimabukuro
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Fukushima, Japan
- Diabetes and Life-Style Related Disease Center, Tomishiro Central Hospital, Tomishiro, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Moritake Higa
- Diabetes and Life-Style Related Disease Center, Tomishiro Central Hospital, Tomishiro, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Mariana Gerschenson
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Anastasia Andrukhiv
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Makoto Suzuki
- Okinawa Research Center for Longevity Science, Urasoe, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Brian J Morris
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, USA
- Department of Research, Kuakini Medical Center, Honolulu, HI, USA
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Randi Chen
- Department of Research, Kuakini Medical Center, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Greg S Gojanovich
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Richard C Allsopp
- Institute for Biogenesis Research, Department of Anatomy, Biochemistry, and Physiology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, USA.
- Okinawa Research Center for Longevity Science, Urasoe, Okinawa, Japan.
| | - Bradley J Willcox
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, USA
- Okinawa Research Center for Longevity Science, Urasoe, Okinawa, Japan
- Department of Research, Kuakini Medical Center, Honolulu, HI, USA
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6
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Lourenço AP, Freitas C, Timóteo MH, Soares M, Figueiredo JP, Osório N, Valado A, Trapali M, Pereira T, Caseiro A. Laboratory Assessment of the Effects of AGA@4life Multidisciplinary Intervention on the Inflammatory Profile, MMPs, and TIMPs in a Geriatric Population. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:509. [PMID: 38470620 PMCID: PMC10931401 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12050509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the world's aging population has increased, contributing to the development of age-related pathologies, which have been aggravated by physical inactivity and excessive fat intake. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of implementing a nutritional program (control group-CG) combined with exercise (intervention group-IG) on the inflammatory profile, MMPs, and TIMPs in a group of 34 elderly participants (IG, n = 18; CG, n = 16). Participants underwent a full multidisciplinary diagnostic evaluation (T0), with the gathering of clinical information and biochemical and hematological determinations being re-evaluated eight weeks later (T1). A diet manual was made, which provided a selection of different types of diets resulting from the nutritional needs of the different users at the center. The aerobic exercise consisted of two sessions per week with a total duration of 1 h. The laboratory evaluation was performed by slot blot. Statistical analysis included a paired sample t-test and Spearman's correlation coefficient. We observed that in the IG, there was a significant increase at T1 of TNF-α (p < 0.05) and MMP-2 (p < 0.05), without changes in IL-6 and MMP-9, showing that the intervention did not cause an exacerbated inflammatory response in exercised elderly people. The intervention program implemented showed potential to contribute to better active aging strategies, taking advantage of the known benefits of exercise without inducing a harmful inflammatory response in elderly participants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Patrícia Lourenço
- Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, Coimbra Health School, Biomedical Laboratory Sciences, Rua 5 de Outubro, S. Martinho do Bispo, 3046-854 Coimbra, Portugal; (C.F.); (M.S.); (N.O.); (A.V.); (A.C.)
| | - Catarina Freitas
- Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, Coimbra Health School, Biomedical Laboratory Sciences, Rua 5 de Outubro, S. Martinho do Bispo, 3046-854 Coimbra, Portugal; (C.F.); (M.S.); (N.O.); (A.V.); (A.C.)
| | - Maria Helena Timóteo
- Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, Coimbra Health School, Biomedical Laboratory Sciences, Rua 5 de Outubro, S. Martinho do Bispo, 3046-854 Coimbra, Portugal; (C.F.); (M.S.); (N.O.); (A.V.); (A.C.)
| | - Maria Soares
- Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, Coimbra Health School, Biomedical Laboratory Sciences, Rua 5 de Outubro, S. Martinho do Bispo, 3046-854 Coimbra, Portugal; (C.F.); (M.S.); (N.O.); (A.V.); (A.C.)
| | - João Paulo Figueiredo
- Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, Coimbra Health School, Social and Human Sciences, Rua 5 de Outubro, S. Martinho do Bispo, 3046-854 Coimbra, Portugal;
| | - Nádia Osório
- Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, Coimbra Health School, Biomedical Laboratory Sciences, Rua 5 de Outubro, S. Martinho do Bispo, 3046-854 Coimbra, Portugal; (C.F.); (M.S.); (N.O.); (A.V.); (A.C.)
- LABINSAÚDE—Research Laboratory for Applied Health Sciences, Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, Coimbra Health School, Rua 5 de Outubro, S. Martinho do Bispo, 3046-854 Coimbra, Portugal;
| | - Ana Valado
- Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, Coimbra Health School, Biomedical Laboratory Sciences, Rua 5 de Outubro, S. Martinho do Bispo, 3046-854 Coimbra, Portugal; (C.F.); (M.S.); (N.O.); (A.V.); (A.C.)
- LABINSAÚDE—Research Laboratory for Applied Health Sciences, Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, Coimbra Health School, Rua 5 de Outubro, S. Martinho do Bispo, 3046-854 Coimbra, Portugal;
| | - Maria Trapali
- Laboratory of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Cosmetic Science, Department of Biomedical Medicine, University of West Attica, Ag. Spyridonos Str., 12243 Egaleo, Greece;
| | - Telmo Pereira
- LABINSAÚDE—Research Laboratory for Applied Health Sciences, Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, Coimbra Health School, Rua 5 de Outubro, S. Martinho do Bispo, 3046-854 Coimbra, Portugal;
- Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, Coimbra Health School, Clinical Physiology, Rua 5 de Outubro, S. Martinho do Bispo, 3046-854 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Armando Caseiro
- Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, Coimbra Health School, Biomedical Laboratory Sciences, Rua 5 de Outubro, S. Martinho do Bispo, 3046-854 Coimbra, Portugal; (C.F.); (M.S.); (N.O.); (A.V.); (A.C.)
- LABINSAÚDE—Research Laboratory for Applied Health Sciences, Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, Coimbra Health School, Rua 5 de Outubro, S. Martinho do Bispo, 3046-854 Coimbra, Portugal;
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7
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Zeidan RS, McElroy T, Rathor L, Martenson MS, Lin Y, Mankowski RT. Sex differences in frailty among older adults. Exp Gerontol 2023; 184:112333. [PMID: 37993077 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2023.112333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
By definition, aging is a natural, gradual and continuous process. On the other hand, frailty reflects the increase in vulnerability to stressors and shortens the time without disease (health span) while longevity refers to the length of life (lifespan). The average life expectancy has significantly increased during the last few decades. A longer lifespan has been accompanied by an increase in frailty and decreased independence in older adults, with major differences existing between men and women. For example, women tend to live longer than men but also experience higher rates of frailty and disability. Sex differences prevent optimization of lifestyle interventions and therapies to effectively prevent frailty. Sex differences in frailty and aging are rooted in a complex interplay between uncontrollable (genetic, epigenetic, physiological), and controllable factors (psychosocial and lifestyle factors). Thus, understanding the underlying causes of sex differences in frailty and aging is essential for developing personalized interventions to promote healthy aging and improve quality of life in older men and women. In this review, we have discussed the key contributors and knowledge gaps related to sex differences in aging and frailty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rola S Zeidan
- Department of Physiology and Aging, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States of America; Department of Health Outcomes and Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States of America.
| | - Taylor McElroy
- Department of Physiology and Aging, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States of America; Department of Health Outcomes and Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States of America.
| | - Laxmi Rathor
- Department of Physiology and Aging, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States of America.
| | - Matthew S Martenson
- Department of Physiology and Aging, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States of America.
| | - Yi Lin
- Department of Physiology and Aging, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States of America.
| | - Robert T Mankowski
- Department of Physiology and Aging, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States of America.
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8
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Borsky P, Holmannova D, Andrys C, Kremlacek J, Fiala Z, Parova H, Rehacek V, Svadlakova T, Byma S, Kucera O, Borska L. Evaluation of potential aging biomarkers in healthy individuals: telomerase, AGEs, GDF11/15, sirtuin 1, NAD+, NLRP3, DNA/RNA damage, and klotho. Biogerontology 2023; 24:937-955. [PMID: 37523061 PMCID: PMC10615959 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-023-10054-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Aging is a natural process of gradual decrease in physical and mental capacity. Biological age (accumulation of changes and damage) and chronological age (years lived) may differ. Biological age reflects the risk of various types of disease and death from any cause. We selected potential biomarkers of aging - telomerase, AGEs, GDF11 and 15 (growth differentiation factor 11/15), sirtuin 1, NAD+ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide), inflammasome NLRP3, DNA/RNA damage, and klotho to investigate changes in their levels depending on age and sex. We included 169 healthy volunteers and divided them into groups according to age (under 35; 35-50; over 50) and sex (male, female; male and female under 35; 35-50, over 50). Markers were analyzed using commercial ELISA kits. We found differences in values depending on age and gender. GDF15 increased with age (under 30 and 35-50 p < 0.002; 35-50 and over 50; p < 0.001; under 35 and over 50; p < 0.001) as well as GDF11 (35-50 and over 50; p < 0.03; under 35 and over 50; p < 0.02), AGEs (under 30 and 35-50; p < 0.005), NLRP3 (under 35 over 50; p < 0.03), sirtuin 1 (35-50 and over 50; p < 0.0001; under 35 and over 50; p < 0.004). AGEs and GDF11 differed between males and females. Correlations were identified between individual markers, markers and age, and markers and sex. Markers that reflect the progression of biological aging vary with age (GDF15, GDF11, AGEs, NLRP3, sirtuin) and sex (AGEs, GDF11). Their levels could be used in clinical practice, determining biological age, risk of age-related diseases and death of all-causes, and initiating or contraindicating a therapy in the elderly based on the patient's health status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Borsky
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, 50003, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Drahomira Holmannova
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, 50003, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
| | - Ctirad Andrys
- Institute of Clinical Immunology and Allergology, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, 50003, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Kremlacek
- Institute of Medical Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, 50003, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Zdenek Fiala
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, 50003, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Helena Parova
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Diagnostics, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, 50003, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Vit Rehacek
- Transfusion Center, University Hospital, 50003, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Tereza Svadlakova
- Institute of Clinical Immunology and Allergology, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, 50003, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Svatopluk Byma
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, 50003, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Otto Kucera
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, 50003, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Borska
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, 50003, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
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9
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Tang L, Deng Y, Lai J, Guo X, Liu P, Li S, Liu X. Predictive Effect of System Inflammation Response Index for Progression of Chronic Kidney Disease in Non-Dialyzing Patient. J Inflamm Res 2023; 16:5273-5285. [PMID: 38026247 PMCID: PMC10659112 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s432699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Scant research has been conducted on the interplay between the systemic inflammation response index (SIRI) and chronic kidney disease (CKD). The present study endeavors to meticulously scrutinize the association between SIRI and renal function. Additionally, we aim to assess its efficacy in predicting the progression of CKD in non-dialysis patients. Patients and Methods Adult patients with CKD who were not undergoing dialysis were enrolled, and follow-up data were obtained. Data from distinct groups were extracted and meticulously compared. A comprehensive analytical approach was adopted, including logistic regression analysis, Kaplan-Meier analysis, Cox proportional hazards regression analysis, and subgroup analysis. Results Our study included 1420 patients, with a mean age of 61 ± 17 years, and 63% were male. 244 (17.2%) patients experienced the progression of CKD. As the level of ln(SIRI) increased, patients tended to be older, with a higher proportion of males, and increased prevalence rates of hypertension, stroke, heart failure, and progression of CKD. Additionally, the levels of baseline creatinine and C-reactive protein were elevated, while the levels of estimated glomerular filtration rate and hemoglobin decreased. Upon adjusting for demographic and biochemical variables, logistic regression analysis indicated that ln(SIRI) was independently associated with advanced CKD in pre-dialysis patients (OR=1.59, 95% CI: 1.29-1.95, P<0.001). Moreover, Cox proportional-hazard analysis revealed that ln(SIRI) independently predicted CKD progression (HR: 1.3, 95% CI: 1.07-1.59, P=0.009). Conducting a subgroup analysis, we observed significant interactions between ln(SIRI) levels and gender (p<0.001), age (p=0.046), and hypertension (p=0.028) in relation to the progression of CKD. Conclusion Our study's findings demonstrate a significant association between SIRI and fundamental renal function, and independently establish a correlation between SIRI and the progression of CKD in pre-dialysis patients. These observations suggest that SIRI holds promise as a potential predictor for CKD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leile Tang
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying Deng
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiahui Lai
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xinghua Guo
- Department of Rheumatology, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Peijia Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Guangzhou Eighth People’s Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shaomin Li
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xun Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
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10
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Holmannova D, Borsky P, Parova H, Stverakova T, Vosmik M, Hruska L, Fiala Z, Borska L. Non-Genomic Hallmarks of Aging-The Review. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15468. [PMID: 37895144 PMCID: PMC10607657 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is a natural, gradual, and inevitable process associated with a series of changes at the molecular, cellular, and tissue levels that can lead to an increased risk of many diseases, including cancer. The most significant changes at the genomic level (DNA damage, telomere shortening, epigenetic changes) and non-genomic changes are referred to as hallmarks of aging. The hallmarks of aging and cancer are intertwined. Many studies have focused on genomic hallmarks, but non-genomic hallmarks are also important and may additionally cause genomic damage and increase the expression of genomic hallmarks. Understanding the non-genomic hallmarks of aging and cancer, and how they are intertwined, may lead to the development of approaches that could influence these hallmarks and thus function not only to slow aging but also to prevent cancer. In this review, we focus on non-genomic changes. We discuss cell senescence, disruption of proteostasis, deregualation of nutrient sensing, dysregulation of immune system function, intercellular communication, mitochondrial dysfunction, stem cell exhaustion and dysbiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Drahomira Holmannova
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (D.H.); (Z.F.); (L.B.)
| | - Pavel Borsky
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (D.H.); (Z.F.); (L.B.)
| | - Helena Parova
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Diagnostics, University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (H.P.); (T.S.)
| | - Tereza Stverakova
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Diagnostics, University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (H.P.); (T.S.)
| | - Milan Vosmik
- Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (M.V.); (L.H.)
| | - Libor Hruska
- Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (M.V.); (L.H.)
| | - Zdenek Fiala
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (D.H.); (Z.F.); (L.B.)
| | - Lenka Borska
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (D.H.); (Z.F.); (L.B.)
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11
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Seton KA, Defernez M, Telatin A, Tiwari SK, Savva GM, Hayhoe A, Noble A, de Carvalho-KoK ALS, James SA, Bansal A, Wileman T, Carding SR. Investigating Antibody Reactivity to the Intestinal Microbiome in Severe Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS): A Feasibility Study. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15316. [PMID: 37895005 PMCID: PMC10607161 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) is a multisystemic disease of unknown aetiology that is characterised by disabling chronic fatigue and involves both the immune and gastrointestinal (GI) systems. Patients display alterations in GI microbiome with a significant proportion experiencing GI discomfort and pain and elevated blood biomarkers for altered intestinal permeability compared with healthy individuals. To investigate a possible GI origin of ME/CFS we designed a feasibility study to test the hypothesis that ME/CFS pathogenesis is a consequence of increased intestinal permeability that results in microbial translocation and a breakdown in immune tolerance leading to generation of antibodies reactive to indigenous intestinal microbes. Secretory immunoglobulin (Ig) A and serum IgG levels and reactivity to intestinal microbes were assessed in five pairs of severe ME/CFS patients and matched same-household healthy controls. For profiling serum IgG, we developed IgG-Seq which combines flow-cytometry based bacterial cell sorting and metagenomics to detect mucosal IgG reactivity to the microbiome. We uncovered evidence for immune dysfunction in severe ME/CFS patients that was characterised by reduced capacity and reactivity of serum IgG to stool microbes, irrespective of their source. This study provides the rationale for additional studies in larger cohorts of ME/CFS patients to further explore immune-microbiome interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharine A. Seton
- Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UQ, UK; (K.A.S.); (A.T.); (S.K.T.); (G.M.S.); (A.H.); (S.A.J.); (T.W.)
| | - Marianne Defernez
- Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UQ, UK; (K.A.S.); (A.T.); (S.K.T.); (G.M.S.); (A.H.); (S.A.J.); (T.W.)
| | - Andrea Telatin
- Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UQ, UK; (K.A.S.); (A.T.); (S.K.T.); (G.M.S.); (A.H.); (S.A.J.); (T.W.)
| | - Sumeet K. Tiwari
- Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UQ, UK; (K.A.S.); (A.T.); (S.K.T.); (G.M.S.); (A.H.); (S.A.J.); (T.W.)
| | - George M. Savva
- Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UQ, UK; (K.A.S.); (A.T.); (S.K.T.); (G.M.S.); (A.H.); (S.A.J.); (T.W.)
| | - Antonietta Hayhoe
- Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UQ, UK; (K.A.S.); (A.T.); (S.K.T.); (G.M.S.); (A.H.); (S.A.J.); (T.W.)
| | | | - Ana L. S. de Carvalho-KoK
- Experimental Arthritis Treatment Centre for Children, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L12 2AP, UK;
| | - Steve A. James
- Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UQ, UK; (K.A.S.); (A.T.); (S.K.T.); (G.M.S.); (A.H.); (S.A.J.); (T.W.)
| | | | - Thomas Wileman
- Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UQ, UK; (K.A.S.); (A.T.); (S.K.T.); (G.M.S.); (A.H.); (S.A.J.); (T.W.)
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Simon R. Carding
- Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UQ, UK; (K.A.S.); (A.T.); (S.K.T.); (G.M.S.); (A.H.); (S.A.J.); (T.W.)
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK
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12
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Kalair A, Pavan M, Alpert N, Ghaffari S, Taioli E. Blood inflammatory markers and mortality in the US population: A Health and Retirement Survey (HRS) analysis. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0293027. [PMID: 37844090 PMCID: PMC10578595 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0293027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023] Open
Abstract
A potential direct correlation between systemic inflammation and physiological aging has been suggested, along with whether there is a higher expression of inflammatory markers in otherwise healthy older adults. Cross-sectional data were extracted from the publicly available 2016 Health and Retirement Survey, a nationally representative survey of older adults in the United States. A subset of participants (n = 9934) consented to a blood draw at the time of recruitment and were measured for high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), Interleukin (IL-6, IL-10, IL-1RA), soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor (sTNFR-1) and transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1). We included 9,188 participants, representative of 83,939,225 nationally. After adjusting for sex and the number of comorbidities, there remained a significant positive correlation between age and ln (log adjusted) IL-6, and ln sTNFR-1, and a significant inverse correlation between age and ln IL-1RA, ln TGF-β1, and ln hs-CRP. Among the subset of participants who reported none of the available comorbidities (n = 971), there remained an independent correlation of age with ln IL-6 and ln sTNFR-1. After adjusting for age, sex, and number of reported comorbidities, there was a statistically significant correlation between increased ln IL-6, ln IL-10, ln sTNFR-1, and ln hs-CRP with death. This study highlights the existence of a correlation between serum biomarkers of inflammation and aging, not only in the whole population, but also in the smaller subset who reported no comorbidities, confirming the existence of a presence of low-grade inflammation in aging, even in healthy elders. We also highlight the existence of a correlation between inflammatory markers and overall mortality. Future studies should address a possible threshold of systemic inflammation where mortality significantly increases, as well as explore the effectiveness of anti-inflammatory treatments on morbidity and mortality in healthy aging subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Attiya Kalair
- Institute for Translational Epidemiology. Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Matilde Pavan
- Institute for Translational Epidemiology. Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Naomi Alpert
- Institute for Translational Epidemiology. Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Saghi Ghaffari
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Regenerative Biology and Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Emanuela Taioli
- Institute for Translational Epidemiology. Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
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13
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Saleh VM, Auda IG, Ali EN. The C/A functional polymorphism of TGF-β2 gene (rs991967) in primary open angle glaucoma patients. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:7197-7203. [PMID: 37418083 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08503-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Primary Open-angle Glaucoma (POAG) is a functional disease that.leads to blindness globally. The aims of this study are estimation the importance.of transforming growth factor-beta 2 (TGF-β2) in the pathogenicity of POAG and.to evaluate the effect of the C/A SNP of the TGF-β2 gene (rs991967) on POAG development. METHODS Blood samples and some topographic data were collected from POAG.patients and the controls. The serum level of TGF-β2 was estimated by ELISA.and the C/A SNP of the TGF-β2 gene (rs991967) was determined by RFLP-PCR. RESULTS The males are more susceptible to having POAG (p = 0.0201). The serum.TGF-β2 is higher in POAG patients as compared with the control (p < 0.0001). The.AA (reference) genotype was the most common in the patients (61.7%). While..CC genotype (45.0%, OR: 0.136, 95%CI: 0.05-0.36, P < 0.0001) and AC..genotypes (41.7%, OR: 0.051, 95%CI: 0.01-0.16, P < 0.001) were most common..in the control group. Moreover, the TGF-β2 C allele is protective (OR: 0.25,..95%, CI: 0.15-0.44, P < 0.0001). Patients with AA, CC, and AC genotypes have..significantly high levels of TGF-β2 (P < 0.001) than the control. CONCLUSIONS The males were more susceptible to acquiring POAG than females,.. especially the elderly. The TGF-β2 plays important role in the pathogenesis of POAG. The CC and AC genotypes are common in the control and the C allele is a protective factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vian Mohammed Saleh
- Department of Biology -College of Science-Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq.
| | - Ibtesam Ghadban Auda
- Department of Biology -College of Science-Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Ekhlass N Ali
- Department of Biology -College of Science-Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq
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14
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Trevisan C, Raparelli V, Malara A, Abbatecola AM, Noale M, Palmieri A, Fedele G, Di Lonardo A, Leone P, Schiavoni I, Stefanelli P, Volpato S, Antonelli Incalzi R, Onder G. Sex differences in the efficacy and safety of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in residents of long-term care facilities: insights from the GeroCovid Vax study. Intern Emerg Med 2023; 18:1337-1347. [PMID: 37120663 PMCID: PMC10148701 DOI: 10.1007/s11739-023-03283-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
Despite the reported sex-related variations in the immune response to vaccination, whether the effects of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination differ by sex is still under debate, especially considering old vulnerable individuals, such as long-term care facilities (LTCFs) residents. This study aimed to evaluate COVID-19 infections, adverse events, and humoral response after vaccination in a sample of LTCF residents. A total of 3259 LTCF residents (71% females; mean age: 83.4 ± 9.2 years) were enrolled in the Italian-based multicenter GeroCovid Vax study. We recorded the adverse effects occurring during the 7 days after vaccine doses and COVID-19 cases over 12 months post-vaccination. In a subsample of 524 residents (69% females), pre- and post-vaccination SARS-CoV-2 trimeric S immunoglobulin G (Anti-S-IgG) were measured through chemiluminescent assays at different time points. Only 12.1% of vaccinated residents got COVID-19 during the follow-up, without any sex differences. Female residents were more likely to have local adverse effects after the first dose (13.3% vs. 10.2%, p = 0.018). No other sex differences in systemic adverse effects and for the following doses were recorded, as well as in anti-S-IgG titer over time. Among the factors modifying the 12-month anti-S-IgG titers, mobility limitations and depressive disorder were more likely to be associated with higher and lower levels in the antibody response, respectively; a significantly lower antibody titer was observed in males with cardiovascular diseases and in females with diabetes or cognitive disorders. The study suggests that, among LTCF residents, SARS-CoV-2 vaccination was effective regardless of sex, yet sex-specific comorbidities influenced the antibody response. Local adverse reactions were more common in females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caterina Trevisan
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Valeria Raparelli
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Via Aldo Moro 8, 44124, Cona, Ferrara, Italy.
- University Center for Studies on Gender Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Alba Malara
- Scientific Committee of National Association of Third Age Residences (ANASTE) Calabria, Lamezia Terme, Catanzaro, Italy
| | | | - Marianna Noale
- Institute of Neuroscience, National Research Council, Padua, Italy
| | - Annapina Palmieri
- Department of Cardiovascular, Endocrine‑Metabolic Diseases and Aging, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Giorgio Fedele
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Di Lonardo
- Department of Cardiovascular, Endocrine‑Metabolic Diseases and Aging, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Pasqualina Leone
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Ilaria Schiavoni
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Stefanelli
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Volpato
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | | | - Graziano Onder
- Universita' Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
- Fondazione Policlinico Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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Affaticati F, Bartholomeus E, Mullan K, Damme PV, Beutels P, Ogunjimi B, Laukens K, Meysman P. Multi-View Learning to Unravel the Different Levels Underlying Hepatitis B Vaccine Response. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:1236. [PMID: 37515051 PMCID: PMC10384938 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11071236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The immune system acts as an intricate apparatus that is dedicated to mounting a defense and ensures host survival from microbial threats. To engage this faceted immune response and provide protection against infectious diseases, vaccinations are a critical tool to be developed. However, vaccine responses are governed by levels that, when interrogated, separately only explain a fraction of the immune reaction. To address this knowledge gap, we conducted a feasibility study to determine if multi-view modeling could aid in gaining actionable insights on response markers shared across populations, capture the immune system's diversity, and disentangle confounders. We thus sought to assess this multi-view modeling capacity on the responsiveness to the Hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination. Seroconversion to vaccine-induced antibodies against the HBV surface antigen (anti-HBs) in early converters (n = 21; <2 months) and late converters (n = 9; <6 months) and was defined based on the anti-HBs titers (>10IU/L). The multi-view data encompassed bulk RNA-seq, CD4+ T-cell parameters (including T-cell receptor data), flow cytometry data, and clinical metadata (including age and gender). The modeling included testing single-view and multi-view joint dimensionality reductions. Multi-view joint dimensionality reduction outperformed single-view methods in terms of the area under the curve and balanced accuracy, confirming the increase in predictive power to be gained. The interpretation of these findings showed that age, gender, inflammation-related gene sets, and pre-existing vaccine-specific T-cells could be associated with vaccination responsiveness. This multi-view dimensionality reduction approach complements clinical seroconversion and all single modalities. Importantly, this modeling could identify what features could predict HBV vaccine response. This methodology could be extended to other vaccination trials to identify the key features regulating responsiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Affaticati
- Adrem Data Lab, Department of Computer Science, University of Antwerp, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
- Antwerp Unit for Data Analysis and Computation in Immunology and Sequencing (AUDACIS), University of Antwerp, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Esther Bartholomeus
- Antwerp Unit for Data Analysis and Computation in Immunology and Sequencing (AUDACIS), University of Antwerp, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
- Centre for Health Economics Research & Modeling Infectious Diseases (CHERMID), Vaccine & Infectious Disease Institute (VAXINFECTIO), University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
- Antwerp Center for Translational Immunology and Virology (ACTIV), Vaccine and Infectious Disease Institute, University of Antwerp (VAXINFECTIO), 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Kerry Mullan
- Adrem Data Lab, Department of Computer Science, University of Antwerp, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
- Antwerp Unit for Data Analysis and Computation in Immunology and Sequencing (AUDACIS), University of Antwerp, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Pierre Van Damme
- Antwerp Unit for Data Analysis and Computation in Immunology and Sequencing (AUDACIS), University of Antwerp, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
- Centre for the Evaluation of Vaccination (CEV), Vaccine and Infectious Disease Institute, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Philippe Beutels
- Antwerp Unit for Data Analysis and Computation in Immunology and Sequencing (AUDACIS), University of Antwerp, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
- Centre for Health Economics Research & Modeling Infectious Diseases (CHERMID), Vaccine & Infectious Disease Institute (VAXINFECTIO), University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Benson Ogunjimi
- Antwerp Unit for Data Analysis and Computation in Immunology and Sequencing (AUDACIS), University of Antwerp, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
- Centre for Health Economics Research & Modeling Infectious Diseases (CHERMID), Vaccine & Infectious Disease Institute (VAXINFECTIO), University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
- Antwerp Center for Translational Immunology and Virology (ACTIV), Vaccine and Infectious Disease Institute, University of Antwerp (VAXINFECTIO), 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
- Department of Paediatrics, Antwerp University Hospital, 2650 Edegem, Belgium
| | - Kris Laukens
- Adrem Data Lab, Department of Computer Science, University of Antwerp, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
- Antwerp Unit for Data Analysis and Computation in Immunology and Sequencing (AUDACIS), University of Antwerp, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Pieter Meysman
- Adrem Data Lab, Department of Computer Science, University of Antwerp, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
- Antwerp Unit for Data Analysis and Computation in Immunology and Sequencing (AUDACIS), University of Antwerp, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
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16
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Poirier A, Wu C, Hincapie AM, Martinez-Cordova Z, Abidin BM, Tremblay ML. TAOK3 limits age-associated inflammation by negatively modulating macrophage differentiation and their production of TNFα. Immun Ageing 2023; 20:31. [PMID: 37400834 DOI: 10.1186/s12979-023-00350-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human aging is characterized by a state of chronic inflammation, termed inflammaging, for which the causes are incompletely understood. It is known, however, that macrophages play a driving role in establishing inflammaging by promoting pro-inflammatory rather than anti-inflammatory responses. Numerous genetic and environmental risk factors have been implicated with inflammaging, most of which are directly linked to pro-inflammatory mediators IL-6, IL1Ra, and TNFα. Genes involved in the signaling and production of those molecules have also been highlighted as essential contributors. TAOK3 is a serine/threonine kinase of the STE-20 kinase family that has been associated with an increased risk of developing auto-immune conditions in several genome-wide association studies (GWAS). Yet, the functional role of TAOK3 in inflammation has remained unexplored. RESULTS We found that mice deficient in the serine/Threonine kinase Taok3 developed severe inflammatory disorders with age, which was more pronounced in female animals. Further analyses revealed a drastic shift from lymphoid to myeloid cells in the spleens of those aged mice. This shift was accompanied by hematopoietic progenitor cells skewing in Taok3-/- mice that favored myeloid lineage commitment. Finally, we identified that the kinase activity of the enzyme plays a vital role in limiting the establishment of proinflammatory responses in macrophages. CONCLUSIONS Essentially, Taok3 deficiency promotes the accumulation of monocytes in the periphery and their adoption of a pro-inflammatory phenotype. These findings illustrate the role of Taok3 in age-related inflammation and highlight the importance of genetic risk factors in this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Poirier
- Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Chenyue Wu
- Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Ana Maria Hincapie
- Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Zuzet Martinez-Cordova
- Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Belma Melda Abidin
- Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Michel L Tremblay
- Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
- Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
- McGill University, Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, 1160 Pine Avenue West, Montréal, Québec, H3A 1A3, Canada.
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17
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Allegra A, Caserta S, Genovese S, Pioggia G, Gangemi S. Gender Differences in Oxidative Stress in Relation to Cancer Susceptibility and Survival. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1255. [PMID: 37371985 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12061255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetic, developmental, biochemical, and environmental variables interact intricately to produce sex differences. The significance of sex differences in cancer susceptibility is being clarified by numerous studies. Epidemiological research and cancer registries have revealed over the past few years that there are definite sex variations in cancer incidence, progression, and survival. However, oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction also have a significant impact on the response to treatment of neoplastic diseases. Young women may be more protected from cancer than men because most of the proteins implicated in the regulation of redox state and mitochondrial function are under the control of sexual hormones. In this review, we describe how sexual hormones control the activity of antioxidant enzymes and mitochondria, as well as how they affect several neoplastic diseases. The molecular pathways that underlie the gender-related discrepancies in cancer that have been identified may be better understood, which may lead to more effective precision medicine and vital information on treatment options for both males and females with neoplastic illnesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Allegra
- Division of Hematology, Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood 'Gaetano Barresi', University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Santino Caserta
- Division of Hematology, Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood 'Gaetano Barresi', University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Sara Genovese
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation (IRIB), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), 98164 Messina, Italy
| | - Giovanni Pioggia
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation (IRIB), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), 98164 Messina, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Gangemi
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98100 Messina, Italy
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18
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Sandstedt J, Vukusic K, Dellgren G, Jeppsson A, Mattsson Hultén L, Rotter Sopasakis V. Metagenomic sequencing of human cardiac tissue reveals Microbial RNA which correlates with Toll-like receptor-associated inflammation in patients with heart disease. Sci Rep 2023; 13:7884. [PMID: 37188775 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-35157-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is strongly associated with chronic low-grade inflammation, involving activated Toll-like receptors and their downstream cellular machinery. Moreover, CVD and other related inflammatory conditions are associated with infiltration of bacteria and viruses originating from distant body sites. Thus, in this study we aimed to map the presence of microbes in the myocardium of patients with heart disease that we previously found to display upregulated Toll-like receptor signaling. We performed metagenomics analysis of atrial cardiac tissue from patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) or aortic valve replacement (AVR) and compared with atrial cardiac tissue from organ donors. A total of 119 species of bacteria and seven species of virus were detected in the cardiac tissue. RNA expression of five bacterial species were increased in the patient group of which L. kefiranofaciens correlated positively with cardiac Toll-like receptor-associated inflammation. Interaction network analysis revealed four main gene set clusters involving cell growth and proliferation, Notch signaling, G protein signaling and cell communication in association with L. kefiranofaciens RNA expression. Taken together, intracardial expression of L. kefiranofaciens RNA correlates with pro-inflammatory markers in the diseased cardiac atrium and may have an effect on specific signaling processes important for cell growth, proliferation and cell communication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joakim Sandstedt
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, and Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Kristina Vukusic
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, and Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Göran Dellgren
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anders Jeppsson
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Lillemor Mattsson Hultén
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, and Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Wallenberg Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Victoria Rotter Sopasakis
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, and Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
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19
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Bart NK, Powell A, Macdonald PS. The role of frailty in advanced HF and cardiac transplantation. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1082371. [PMID: 37077743 PMCID: PMC10106718 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1082371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Frailty is a complex, multi-system condition often associated with multimorbidity. It has become an important prognostic maker across a range of conditions and is particularly relevant in patients with cardiovascular disease. Frailty encompasses a range of domains including, physical, psychological, and social. There are currently a range of validated tools available to measure frailty. It is an especially important measurement in advanced HF, because frailty occurs in up to 50% of HF patients and is potentially reversible with therapies such as mechanical circulatory support and transplantation. Moreover, frailty is dynamic, and therefore serial measurements are important. This review delves into the measurement of frailty, mechanisms, and its role in different cardiovascular cohorts. Understanding frailty will help determine patients that will benefit from therapies, as well as prognosticate outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole K. Bart
- Heart Transplant Program, St Vincent’s Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Medicine, University of Notre Dame, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Infiltrative Cardiomyopathy Laboratory, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Correspondence: Nicole K. Bart
| | - Alice Powell
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Neurology, Macquarie University Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Peter S. Macdonald
- Heart Transplant Program, St Vincent’s Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Infiltrative Cardiomyopathy Laboratory, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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20
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Suarez LM, Diaz-Del Cerro E, Felix J, Gonzalez-Sanchez M, Ceprian N, Guerra-Perez N, G Novelle M, Martinez de Toda I, De la Fuente M. Sex differences in neuroimmunoendocrine communication. Involvement on longevity. Mech Ageing Dev 2023; 211:111798. [PMID: 36907251 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2023.111798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2023]
Abstract
Endocrine, nervous, and immune systems work coordinately to maintain the global homeostasis of the organism. They show sex differences in their functions that, in turn, contribute to sex differences beyond reproductive function. Females display a better control of the energetic metabolism and improved neuroprotection and have more antioxidant defenses and a better inflammatory status than males, which is associated with a more robust immune response than that of males. These differences are present from the early stages of life, being more relevant in adulthood and influencing the aging trajectory in each sex and may contribute to the different life lifespan between sexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luz M Suarez
- Department of Genetics, Physiology, and Microbiology (Unit of Animal Physiology), Faculty of Biology, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Estefania Diaz-Del Cerro
- Department of Genetics, Physiology, and Microbiology (Unit of Animal Physiology), Faculty of Biology, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain; Institute of Investigation Hospital 12 Octubre (imas12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Judith Felix
- Department of Genetics, Physiology, and Microbiology (Unit of Animal Physiology), Faculty of Biology, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain; Institute of Investigation Hospital 12 Octubre (imas12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Monica Gonzalez-Sanchez
- Department of Genetics, Physiology, and Microbiology (Unit of Animal Physiology), Faculty of Biology, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain; Institute of Investigation Hospital 12 Octubre (imas12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Noemi Ceprian
- Department of Genetics, Physiology, and Microbiology (Unit of Animal Physiology), Faculty of Biology, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain; Institute of Investigation Hospital 12 Octubre (imas12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Natalia Guerra-Perez
- Department of Genetics, Physiology, and Microbiology (Unit of Animal Physiology), Faculty of Biology, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain; Institute of Investigation Hospital 12 Octubre (imas12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta G Novelle
- Department of Genetics, Physiology, and Microbiology (Unit of Animal Physiology), Faculty of Biology, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Irene Martinez de Toda
- Department of Genetics, Physiology, and Microbiology (Unit of Animal Physiology), Faculty of Biology, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain; Institute of Investigation Hospital 12 Octubre (imas12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Monica De la Fuente
- Department of Genetics, Physiology, and Microbiology (Unit of Animal Physiology), Faculty of Biology, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain; Institute of Investigation Hospital 12 Octubre (imas12), Madrid, Spain.
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21
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Folorunso OM, Bocca B, Ruggieri F, Frazzoli C, Chijioke-Nwauche I, Orisakwe OE. Heavy metals and inflammatory, oxidative/antioxidant and DNA damage biomarkers among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) in Niger Delta, Nigeria. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART A, TOXIC/HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 2023; 58:295-313. [PMID: 36876887 DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2023.2185004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the association of heavy metals (HMs) and effect biomarkers (inflammation, oxidative stress/antioxidant capacity and DNA damage) among people living with HIV/AIDS (PHWHA) in Niger Delta area, Nigeria. Blood levels of lead (BPb), cadmium (BCd), copper (BCu), zinc (BZn), iron (BFe), C-reactive protein (CRP), Interleukin-6 (IL-6), Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), Interferon-γ (IFN-γ), Malondialdehyde (MDA), Glutathione (GSH) and 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) were determined in a total of 185 participants, 104 HIV-positive and 81 HIV-negative sampled in both Niger Delta and non-Niger Delta regions. BCd (p < 0.001) and BPb (p = 0.139) were higher in HIV-positive subjects compared to HIV-negative controls; on the contrary, BCu, BZn and BFe levels were lower (p < 0.001) in HIV-positive subjects compared to HIV-negative controls. The Niger Delta population had higher levels of heavy metals (p < 0.01) compared to non-Niger Delta residents. CRP and 8-OHdG were higher (p < 0.001) in HIV-positive than in HIV-negative subjects and in Niger-Delta than in non-Niger Delta residents. BCu had significant positive dose-response relationship with CRP (61.9%, p = 0.063) and GSH (1.64%, p = 0.035) levels in HIV-positive subjects, and negative response with MDA levels (26.6%, p < 0.001). Periodic assessment of HMs levels among PLWHA is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Opeyemi M Folorunso
- African Centre of Excellence for Public Health and Toxicological Research (ACE-PUTOR), University of Port Harcourt, PMB, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria
| | - Beatrice Bocca
- Department of Environment and Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Flavia Ruggieri
- Department of Environment and Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Frazzoli
- Department for Cardiovascular, Endocrine-Metabolic Diseas, and Aging, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Ifeyinwa Chijioke-Nwauche
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria
| | - Orish E Orisakwe
- African Centre of Excellence for Public Health and Toxicological Research (ACE-PUTOR), University of Port Harcourt, PMB, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria
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22
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Koh YC, Kuo LH, Chang YY, Tung YC, Lo YC, Pan MH. Modulatory Effect of Fermented Black Soybean and Adlay on Gut Microbiota Contributes to Healthy Aging. Mol Nutr Food Res 2023; 67:e2200700. [PMID: 36655510 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202200700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
SCOPE Aging is a natural process characterized by a multifactorial, physical decline, and functional disability. Nevertheless, healthy aging can be achieved by following a multidirectional strategy. The current study aims to investigate the anti-aging potential of fermented black soybean and adlay (FBA). METHODS AND RESULTS FBA supplements are incorporated into a natural aging mouse model that is designed to evaluate anti-aging effects. Results show that FBA supplementation prevents muscle loss and visceral adipose tissue accumulation. FBA can also reduce aging biomarkers (including the expression of hepatic p16INK4A and galactosidase beta-1 (GLB1). Hepatic 8-hydoxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG) and pro-inflammatory cytokines have been significantly reduced. Lastly, FBA supplementation improves aging-related gut microbial dysbiosis by reshaping gut microbial composition and promoting the growth of beneficial microbes such as Alistipes, Anaeroplasma, Coriobacteriaceae UCG002, and Parvibacter members in both genders of aged mice. In the functional prediction of gut microbiota, correlations to metabolic, neurodegenerative, infectious, and immune system diseases have been reduced in supplemented mice compared to aged mice. Moreover, FBA supplementation can reverse the reduced ability of microbiota in aged mice for lipid metabolism and xenobiotics biodegradation. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that FBA exhibits noteworthy anti-aging effects and that it can potentially be developed into a functional food for healthy aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Chun Koh
- Institute of Food Sciences and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei City, 106216, Taiwan
| | - Lee-Han Kuo
- Institute of Food Sciences and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei City, 106216, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Yun Chang
- Institute of Food Sciences and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei City, 106216, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Chen Tung
- Department of Food Science, National Ilan University, Yilan City, 26047, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chen Lo
- Institute of Food Sciences and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei City, 106216, Taiwan
| | - Min-Hsiung Pan
- Institute of Food Sciences and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei City, 106216, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung City, 404327, Taiwan.,Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung City, 41354, Taiwan
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23
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Martínez de Toda I, González-Sánchez M, Díaz-Del Cerro E, Valera G, Carracedo J, Guerra-Pérez N. Sex differences in markers of oxidation and inflammation. Implications for ageing. Mech Ageing Dev 2023; 211:111797. [PMID: 36868323 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2023.111797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
Abstract
Sexual dimorphism is a key factor to consider in the ageing process given the impact that it has on life expectancy. The oxidative-inflammatory theory of ageing states that the ageing process is the result of the establishment of oxidative stress which, due to the interplay of the immune system, translates into inflammatory stress, and that both processes are responsible for the damage and loss of function of an organism. We show that there are relevant gender differences in a number of oxidative and inflammatory markers and propose that they may account for the differential lifespan between sexes, given that males display, in general, higher oxidation and basal inflammation. In addition, we explain the significant role of circulating cell-free DNA as a marker of oxidative damage and an inductor of inflammation, connecting both processes and having the potential to become a useful ageing marker. Finally, we discuss how oxidative and inflammatory changes take place differentially with ageing in each sex, which could also have an impact on the sex-differential lifespan. Further research including sex as an essential variable is needed to understand the grounds of sex differences in ageing and to better comprehend ageing itself.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Martínez de Toda
- Department of Genetics, Physiology, and Microbiology. Unit of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), 28041 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Mónica González-Sánchez
- Department of Genetics, Physiology, and Microbiology. Unit of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Estefanía Díaz-Del Cerro
- Department of Genetics, Physiology, and Microbiology. Unit of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), 28041 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Gemma Valera
- Department of Genetics, Physiology, and Microbiology. Unit of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), 28041 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Julia Carracedo
- Department of Genetics, Physiology, and Microbiology. Unit of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), 28041 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Natalia Guerra-Pérez
- Department of Genetics, Physiology, and Microbiology. Unit of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), 28041 Madrid, Spain.
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24
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Xia Y, Xia C, Wu L, Li Z, Li H, Zhang J. Systemic Immune Inflammation Index (SII), System Inflammation Response Index (SIRI) and Risk of All-Cause Mortality and Cardiovascular Mortality: A 20-Year Follow-Up Cohort Study of 42,875 US Adults. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12031128. [PMID: 36769776 PMCID: PMC9918056 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12031128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 72.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Chronic low-grade inflammation is associated with various health outcomes, including cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and cancers. Systemic immune inflammation index (SII) and system inflammation response index (SIRI) have lately been explored as novel prognostic markers for all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality. However, studies on prediction value in nationwide representative population are scarce, which limit their generalization. To bridge the knowledge gap, this study aims to prospectively assess the association of SII, SIRI with all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). METHODS From 1999 to 2018, 42,875 adults who were free of pregnancy, CVDs (stroke, acute coronary syndrome), cancers, and had follow-up records and participated in the NHANES were included in this study. SII and SIRI were quantified by calculating the composite inflammation indicators from the blood routine. To explore the characteristics of the population in different SII or SIRI levels, we divided them according to the quartile of SII or SIRI. The associations between SII, SIRI, and all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality events were examined using a Cox regression model. To investigate whether there was a reliable relationship between these two indices and mortalities, we performed subgroup analysis based on sex and age. RESULTS A total of 42,875 eligible individuals were enrolled, with a mean age of 44 ± 18 years old. During the follow-up period of up to 20 years, 4250 deaths occurred, including 998 deaths from CVDs. Cox proportional hazards modeling showed that adults with SII levels of >655.56 had higher all-cause mortality (hazard ratio [HR], 1.29; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.18-1.41) and cardiovascular mortality (HR, 1.33; 95% CI, 1.11-1.59) than those with SII levels of <335.36. Adults with SIRI levels of >1.43 had higher risk of all-cause (HR, 1.39; 95% CI, 1.26-1.52) and cardiovascular death (HR, 1.39; 95% CI, 1.14-1.68) than those with SIRI levels of <0.68. In general population older than 60 years, the elevation of SII or SIRI was associated with the risk of all-cause death. CONCLUSION Two novel inflammatory composite indices, SII and SIRI, were closely associated with cardiovascular death and all-cause death, and more attention should be paid to systemic inflammation to provide better preventive strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyuan Xia
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210006, China
| | - Chunlei Xia
- Department of Intensive Medicine, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Lida Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210006, China
| | - Zheng Li
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210006, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210006, China
| | - Junxia Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210006, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-153-6615-5682
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Coenen L, Lehallier B, de Vries HE, Middeldorp J. Markers of aging: Unsupervised integrated analyses of the human plasma proteome. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2023; 4:1112109. [PMID: 36911498 PMCID: PMC9992741 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2023.1112109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Aging associates with an increased susceptibility for disease and decreased quality of life. To date, processes underlying aging are still not well understood, leading to limited interventions with unknown mechanisms to promote healthy aging. Previous research suggests that changes in the blood proteome are reflective of age-associated phenotypes such as frailty. Moreover, experimentally induced changes in the blood proteome composition can accelerate or decelerate underlying aging processes. The aim of this study is to identify a set of proteins in the human plasma associated with aging by integration of the data of four independent, large-scaled datasets using the aptamer-based SomaScan platform on the human aging plasma proteome. Using this approach, we identified a set of 273 plasma proteins significantly associated with aging (aging proteins, APs) across these cohorts consisting of healthy individuals and individuals with comorbidities and highlight their biological functions. We validated the age-associated effects in an independent study using a centenarian population, showing highly concordant effects. Our results suggest that APs are more associated to diseases than other plasma proteins. Plasma levels of APs can predict chronological age, and a reduced selection of 15 APs can still predict individuals' age accurately, highlighting their potential as biomarkers of aging processes. Furthermore, we show that individuals presenting accelerated or decelerated aging based on their plasma proteome, respectively have a more aged or younger systemic environment. These results provide novel insights in the understanding of the aging process and its underlying mechanisms and highlight potential modulators contributing to healthy aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Coenen
- Department of Neurobiology and Aging, Biomedical Primate Research Centre, Rijswijk, Netherlands.,Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | | | - H E de Vries
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - J Middeldorp
- Department of Neurobiology and Aging, Biomedical Primate Research Centre, Rijswijk, Netherlands
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Wadowska K, Błasiak P, Rzechonek A, Bil-Lula I, Śliwińska-Mossoń M. Hepcidin as a Diagnostic Biomarker in Anaemic Lung Cancer Patients. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 15:cancers15010224. [PMID: 36612220 PMCID: PMC9818260 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15010224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
We aim to describe the characteristics of hepcidin, IL-6, and TNF-α levels in anaemia of lung cancer patients with operative tumour as well as to investigate the potential diagnostic capabilities of hepcidin in combination with IL-6, TNF-α, and acute phase proteins. We present a retrospective study of 112 lung cancer patients (41 women and 71 men) who were surgically treated at the Lower Silesian Centre for Lung Diseases in Wroclaw, Poland. Serum blood samples were collected from all these patients prior to any surgical treatment and used to determine hepcidin, IL-6, TNF-α, SAA1, and CRP concentrations. Patients were also examined with a complete blood count several times during their hospitalization. The female and male groups were divided based on the occurrence of anaemia during their hospitalization. Patients who developed anaemia post-operatively had significantly lower hepcidin concentrations than non-anaemic patients (p = 0.000694 in females with ≥3 complete blood count examinations and p = 0.007905 in males with 2 complete blood count examinations), whereas patients with anaemia since hospital admission had higher hepcidin concentrations. We observed two hepcidin roles related to two cancer anaemia pathogeneses: (1) higher hepcidin concentrations in patients with anaemia since hospital admission (anaemia of inflammation) and (2) lower hepcidin concentrations in patients who developed anaemia after surgery (anaemia of iron deficiency). Our data support the role of hepcidin, IL-6, and TNF-α in cancer-related anaemia and provide diagnostic values for predicting post-operative anaemia in lung cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Wadowska
- Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics, Division of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Haematology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211A, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-71-784-0626
| | - Piotr Błasiak
- Department and Clinic of Thoracic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Grabiszyńska 105, 53-439 Wroclaw, Poland
- Lower Silesian Centre of Oncology, Pulmonology and Haematology, Lower Silesian Thoracic Surgery Centre, Grabiszyńska 105, 53-439 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Adam Rzechonek
- Department and Clinic of Thoracic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Grabiszyńska 105, 53-439 Wroclaw, Poland
- Lower Silesian Centre of Oncology, Pulmonology and Haematology, Lower Silesian Thoracic Surgery Centre, Grabiszyńska 105, 53-439 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Iwona Bil-Lula
- Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics, Division of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Haematology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211A, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Mariola Śliwińska-Mossoń
- Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics, Division of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Haematology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211A, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
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De Favari Signini É, Castro A, Rehder-Santos P, Cristina Millan-Mattos J, Magalhães de Oliveira J, Minatel V, Bianca Falasco Pantoni C, Sobreiro Selistre de Araújo H, Fabrizzi F, Porta A, Gilberto Ferreira A, Vincenzi Oliveira R, Maria Catai A. Integrative perspective of the healthy aging process considering the metabolome, cardiac autonomic modulation and cardiorespiratory fitness evaluated in age groups. Sci Rep 2022; 12:21314. [PMID: 36494472 PMCID: PMC9734749 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-25747-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The aging process causes changes at all organic levels. Although metabolism, cardiac autonomic modulation (CAM), and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) are widely studied as a function of age, they are mainly studied in isolation, thus making it difficult to perceive their concomitant variations. This study aimed to investigate the integrated changes that occur in the metabolome, CAM, and CRF throughout aging in apparently healthy individuals. The subjects (n = 118) were divided into five groups according to age (20-29, 30-39, 40-49, 50-59, and 60-70 years old) and underwent blood collection, autonomic assessment, and a cardiopulmonary exercise test for metabolomics analysis using mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance, cardiac autonomic modulation analysis, and CRF by peak oxygen consumption analysis, respectively. The Tukey's post hoc and effect size with confidence interval were used for variables with a significant one-way ANOVA effect (P < 0.01). The main changes were in the oldest age group, where the CRF, valine, leucine, isoleucine, 3-hydroxyisobutyrate, and CAM reduced and hippuric acid increased. The results suggest significant changes in the metabolome, CAM, and CRF after the age of sixty as a consequence of aging impairments, but with some changes in the metabolic profile that may be favorable to mitigate the aging deleterious effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Étore De Favari Signini
- grid.411247.50000 0001 2163 588XDepartment of Physiotherapy, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo Brazil
| | - Alex Castro
- grid.411247.50000 0001 2163 588XDepartment of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo Brazil
| | - Patrícia Rehder-Santos
- grid.411247.50000 0001 2163 588XDepartment of Physiotherapy, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo Brazil
| | - Juliana Cristina Millan-Mattos
- grid.411247.50000 0001 2163 588XDepartment of Physiotherapy, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo Brazil
| | - Juliana Magalhães de Oliveira
- grid.411247.50000 0001 2163 588XDepartment of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo Brazil
| | - Vinicius Minatel
- grid.411247.50000 0001 2163 588XDepartment of Physiotherapy, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo Brazil
| | - Camila Bianca Falasco Pantoni
- grid.411247.50000 0001 2163 588XDepartment of Physiotherapy, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo Brazil ,grid.411247.50000 0001 2163 588XDepartment of Gerontology, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo Brazil
| | | | - Fernando Fabrizzi
- Penápolis Educational Foundation (FUNEPE), Penápolis, São Paulo Brazil
| | - Alberto Porta
- grid.4708.b0000 0004 1757 2822Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy ,Department of Cardiothoracic, Vascular Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan Italy
| | - Antônio Gilberto Ferreira
- grid.411247.50000 0001 2163 588XDepartment of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo Brazil
| | - Regina Vincenzi Oliveira
- grid.411247.50000 0001 2163 588XDepartment of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo Brazil
| | - Aparecida Maria Catai
- grid.411247.50000 0001 2163 588XDepartment of Physiotherapy, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo Brazil ,grid.411247.50000 0001 2163 588XCardiovascular Physical Therapy Laboratory, Department of Physical Therapy, Nucleus of Research in Physical Exercise, Federal University of São Carlos, Via Washington Luiz, Km 235, CP: 676, São Carlos, SP 13565-905 Brazil
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Castro A, Signini ÉF, De Oliveira JM, Di Medeiros Leal MCB, Rehder-Santos P, Millan-Mattos JC, Minatel V, Pantoni CBF, Oliveira RV, Catai AM, Ferreira AG. The Aging Process: A Metabolomics Perspective. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27248656. [PMID: 36557788 PMCID: PMC9785117 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27248656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging process is characterized by a progressive decline of several organic, physiological, and metabolic functions whose precise mechanism remains unclear. Metabolomics allows the identification of several metabolites and may contribute to clarifying the aging-regulated metabolic pathways. We aimed to investigate aging-related serum metabolic changes using a metabolomics approach. Fasting blood serum samples from 138 apparently healthy individuals (20−70 years old, 56% men) were analyzed by Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy (1H NMR) and Liquid Chromatography-High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry (LC-HRMS), and for clinical markers. Associations of the metabolic profile with age were explored via Correlations (r); Metabolite Set Enrichment Analysis; Multiple Linear Regression; and Aging Metabolism Breakpoint. The age increase was positively correlated (0.212 ≤ r ≤ 0.370, p < 0.05) with the clinical markers (total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, VLDL, triacylglyceride, and glucose levels); negatively correlated (−0.285 ≤ r ≤ −0.214, p < 0.05) with tryptophan, 3-hydroxyisobutyrate, asparagine, isoleucine, leucine, and valine levels, but positively (0.237 ≤ r ≤ 0.269, p < 0.05) with aspartate and ornithine levels. These metabolites resulted in three enriched pathways: valine, leucine, and isoleucine degradation, urea cycle, and ammonia recycling. Additionally, serum metabolic levels of 3-hydroxyisobutyrate, isoleucine, aspartate, and ornithine explained 27.3% of the age variation, with the aging metabolism breakpoint occurring after the third decade of life. These results indicate that the aging process is potentially associated with reduced serum branched-chain amino acid levels (especially after the third decade of life) and progressively increased levels of serum metabolites indicative of the urea cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Castro
- Department of Chemistry, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos 13565-905, Brazil
- Correspondence: (A.C.); (A.G.F.)
| | - Étore F. Signini
- Department of Physiotherapy, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos 13565-905, Brazil
| | | | | | - Patrícia Rehder-Santos
- Department of Physiotherapy, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos 13565-905, Brazil
| | | | - Vinicius Minatel
- Department of Physiotherapy, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Camila B. F. Pantoni
- Department of Physiotherapy, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Regina V. Oliveira
- Department of Chemistry, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Aparecida M. Catai
- Department of Physiotherapy, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Antônio G. Ferreira
- Department of Chemistry, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos 13565-905, Brazil
- Correspondence: (A.C.); (A.G.F.)
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Dodd KC, Menon M. Sex bias in lymphocytes: Implications for autoimmune diseases. Front Immunol 2022; 13:945762. [PMID: 36505451 PMCID: PMC9730535 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.945762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune diseases are characterized by a significant sex dimorphism, with women showing increased susceptibility to disease. This is, at least in part, due to sex-dependent differences in the immune system that are influenced by the complex interplay between sex hormones and sex chromosomes, with contribution from sociological factors, diet and gut microbiota. Sex differences are evident in the number and function of lymphocyte populations. Women mount a stronger pro-inflammatory response than males, with increased lymphocyte proliferation, activation and pro-inflammatory cytokine production, whereas men display expanded regulatory cell subsets. Ageing alters the immune landscape of men and women in differing ways, resulting in changes in autoimmune disease susceptibility. Here we review the current literature on sex differences in lymphocyte function, the factors that influence this, and the implications for autoimmune disease. We propose that improved understanding of sex bias in lymphocyte function can provide sex-specific tailoring of treatment strategies for better management of autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine C. Dodd
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Immunology, Immunity to Infection and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom,Manchester Centre for Clinical Neurosciences, Salford Royal Hospital, Salford, United Kingdom
| | - Madhvi Menon
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Immunology, Immunity to Infection and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom,*Correspondence: Madhvi Menon,
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30
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Proinflammatory profile in the skin of Parkinson's disease patients with and without pain. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0276564. [PMID: 36301901 PMCID: PMC9612575 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0276564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pain is a common non-motor symptom of Parkinson`s disease (PD), however, its pathomechanism remains elusive. Objective We aimed to investigate the local gene expression of selected proinflammatory mediators in patients with PD and correlated our data with patients`pain phenotype. Methods We recruited 30 patients with PD and 30 healthy controls. Pain intensity of patients was assessed using the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) and patients were stratified into PD pain (NRS≥4) and PD No Pain (NRS<4) subgroups. Skin punch biopsies were immunoassayed for protein-gene product 9.5 as a pan-neuronal marker and intraepidermal nerve fiber density (IEFND). Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis was performed to assess the gene expression of inflammatory mediators in the skin compared to controls. Results Patients with PD had lower distal IENFD compared to healthy controls. In skin samples, IL-2 (p<0.001) and TNF-α (p<0.01) were expressed higher in PD patients compared to controls. IL-1β (p<0.05) was expressed higher in the PD pain group compared to healthy controls. PD patients with pain receiving analgesics had a lower expression of TNF-α (p<0.05) in the skin compared to those not receiving treatment. Conclusions Our data suggest the occurrence of a local, peripheral inflammatory response in the skin in PD, but do not support this being a relevant factor contributing to pain in PD.
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Al-Bashiti AI, Ahmed KA, Alqaisi KM. Relationship of inflammatory mediators and sex-related parameters in Jordanian adult men patients with Covid-19. J Med Biochem 2022; 41:474-482. [PMID: 36381078 PMCID: PMC9618331 DOI: 10.5937/jomb0-35601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2022] [Indexed: 08/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent epidemiological data suggest that Co - ro navirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has a gender predisposition, with men being more seriously affected than women. Furthermore, older men accounting for most deaths. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the serum testosterone, inhibin B, intrleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-a) levels in different age groups of Jordanian males with SARS-CoV2 infection and to evaluate the correlation of these markers in male patients with COVID-19. METHODS This study was performed on 157 selected individuals divided into two groups; COVID-19 patients and healthy controls. The participants of each group were further divided into two subgroups based on the age (20-50 years and 51-80 years age groups). The biochemical tests that were performed in this research are testosterone, inhibin-B, TNF-a, and IL-6. RESULTS The levels of IL-6 were significantly higher in COVID-19 patients than healthy individuals (7.63 ± 6.30 vs. 5.54 ± 2.10, P=0.006). Similarly, the difference between the levels of TNF-a in the study groups were statistically significant (P=0.001). The mean testosterone levels in COVID-19 patients and healthy controls were 1.53 ± 1.24 and 3.87 ± 1.44, respectively (P<0.001), whereas the mean inhibin B levels in COVID-19 patients (54.29 ± 7.33) were lower than in healthy controls (64.14 ± 37.66) with P = 0.011. TNF-a was significantly and positively correlated with age (r = 0.263, P=0.018) and IL-6 (r = 0.245, P=0.027). Inhibin B had a significant, but negative correlation with TNF-a (r = -0.326, P = 0.003). CONCLUSIONS It can be concluded that most men seeking medical attention with symptomatic COVID-19 had low testosterone and inhibin B levels with increased both IL-6 and TNF-a, which are independent of age conforming the deleterious effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection on testicular function and immune response induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amneh I. Al-Bashiti
- Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Amman, Jordan
| | - Khaled A. Ahmed
- Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Amman, Jordan
| | - Khalid M. Alqaisi
- Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Amman, Jordan
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Langhein M, Seitz-Holland J, Lyall AE, Pasternak O, Chunga N, Cetin-Karayumak S, Kubicki A, Mulert C, Espinoza RT, Narr KL, Kubicki M. Association between peripheral inflammation and free-water imaging in Major Depressive Disorder before and after ketamine treatment - A pilot study. J Affect Disord 2022; 314:78-85. [PMID: 35779673 PMCID: PMC11186306 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.06.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alterations in the peripheral inflammatory profile and white matter (WM) deterioration are frequent in Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). The present study applies free-water imaging to investigate the relationship between altered peripheral inflammation and WM microstructure and their predictive value in determining response to ketamine treatment in MDD. METHODS Ten individuals with MDD underwent diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging and a blood-draw before and 24 h after ketamine infusion. We utilized MANCOVAs and ANCOVAs to compare tissue-specific fractional anisotropy (FAT) and free-water (FW) of the forceps and cingulum, and the ratio of pro-inflammatory interleukin(IL)-8/anti-inflammatory IL-10 between individuals with MDD and 15 healthy controls at baseline. Next, we compared all baseline measures between ketamine responders (6) and non-responders (4) and analyzed changes in imaging and blood data after ketamine infusion. RESULTS The MDD group exhibited an increased IL-8/IL-10 ratio compared to controls at baseline (p = .040), which positively correlated with average FW across regions of interest (p = .013). Ketamine responders demonstrated higher baseline FAT in the left cingulum than non-responders (p = .023). Ketamine infusion did not influence WM microstructure but decreased the IL-8/IL-10 ratio (p = .043). LIMITATIONS The small sample size and short follow-up period limit the conclusion regarding the longer-term effects of ketamine in MDD. CONCLUSIONS This pilot study provides evidence for the role of inflammation in MDD by illustrating an association between peripheral inflammation and WM microstructure. Additionally, we demonstrate that free-water diffusion-weighted imaging might be a valuable tool to determine which individuals with MDD benefit from the anti-inflammatory mediated effects of ketamine treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina Langhein
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Psychiatry Neuroimaging Branch, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Johanna Seitz-Holland
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Amanda E Lyall
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ofer Pasternak
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Natalia Chunga
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Suheyla Cetin-Karayumak
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Antoni Kubicki
- Ahmanson-Lovelace Brain Mapping Center, Department of Neurology, Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Christoph Mulert
- Centre for Psychiatry, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Randall T Espinoza
- Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Katherine L Narr
- Ahmanson-Lovelace Brain Mapping Center, Department of Neurology, Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Marek Kubicki
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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Hernandez L, Laucyte-Cibulskiene A, Ward LJ, Kautzky-Willer A, Herrero MT, Norris CM, Raparelli V, Pilote L, Stenvinkel P, Kublickiene K. Gender dimension in cardio-pulmonary continuum. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:916194. [PMID: 36003909 PMCID: PMC9393639 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.916194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardio-pulmonary diseases, which were once regarded as a man's illness, have been one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality for both men and women in many countries in recent years. Both gender and sex influence the functional and structural changes in the human body and therefore play an important role in disease clinical manifestation, treatment choice, and/or response to treatment and prognosis of health outcomes. The gender dimension integrates sex and gender analysis in health sciences and medical research, however, it is still relatively overlooked suggesting the need for empowerment in the medical research community. Latest advances in the field of cardiovascular research have provided supportive evidence that the application of biological variables of sex has led to the understanding that heart disease in females may have different pathophysiology compared to males, particularly in younger adults. It has also resulted in new diagnostic techniques and a better understanding of symptomatology, while gender analysis has informed more appropriate risk stratification and prevention strategies. The existing knowledge in the pulmonary field shows the higher prevalence of pulmonary disorders among females, however, the role of gender as a socio-cultural construct has yet to be explored for the implementation of targeted interventions. The purpose of this review is to introduce the concept of gender dimension and its importance for the cardiopulmonary continuum with a focus on shared pathophysiology and disease presentation in addition to interrelation with chronic kidney disease. The review presents basic knowledge of what gender dimension means, and the application of sex and gender aspects in cardiovascular medicine with a specific focus on early pulmonary development, pulmonary hypertension, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Early vascular aging and inflammation have been presented as a potential pathophysiological link, with further interactions between the cardiopulmonary continuum and chronic kidney disease. Finally, implications for potential future research have been provided to increase the impact of gender dimension on research excellence that would add value to everybody, foster toward precision medicine and ultimately improve human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah Hernandez
- Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Agne Laucyte-Cibulskiene
- Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Nephrology, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Liam J. Ward
- Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Forensic Genetics and Forensic Toxicology, National Board of Forensic Medicine, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Alexandra Kautzky-Willer
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Maria-Trinidad Herrero
- Clinical and Experimental Neuroscience, Institutes for Aging Research and Bio-Health Research of Murcia, School of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Colleen M. Norris
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Cardiovascular and Stroke Strategic Clinical Network, Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Valeria Raparelli
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
- University Center for Studies on Gender Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Louise Pilote
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology, Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Peter Stenvinkel
- Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Karolina Kublickiene
- Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Comparative Evaluation of Gingival Crevicular Fluid Interleukin-17, 18 and 21 in Different Stages of Periodontal Health and Disease. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2022; 58:medicina58081042. [PMID: 36013509 PMCID: PMC9415654 DOI: 10.3390/medicina58081042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: The elicitation of a host’s immune−inflammatory responses to overcome oral bacterial biofilm challenges is mediated by numerous cytokines. We explored the role of three such cytokines, viz. interleukin (IL)-17, 18 and 21, by measuring their levels in the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of Indian individuals with healthy gingiva, chronic gingivitis, or chronic periodontitis. Materials and Method: Ninety systemically healthy individuals were enrolled in the study on the basis of predefined criteria and were categorized into three groups of 30 participants each. Groups A, B and C were composed of a control group with healthy gingiva, subjects with chronic gingivitis and subjects with chronic periodontitis, respectively. The periodontal disease status was assessed on the basis of a subject’s gingival index, probing pocket depth, clinical attachment loss and radiographic evidence of bone loss. After the complete history-taking and identification of gingival sulcus/pocket depth areas for GCF collection, a sample was collected from each subject in all groups for an estimation of the cytokine levels using ELISA. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS v 21.0. Intergroup comparisons were conducted using a post hoc Tukey’s test. A value of p < 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. Results: The mean IL-17, 18 and 21 concentrations in pg/mL was the greatest for Group C (99.67 ± 18.85, 144.61 ± 20.83 and 69.67 ± 12.46, respectively), followed by Group B (19.27 ± 2.78, 22.27 ± 2.43 and 22.74 ± 1.43, respectively) and finally by Group A (healthy control; 11.56 ± 0.99, 17.94 ± 1.24 and 12.83 ± 1.21 respectively). A statistically significant difference in the mean concentrations of two interleukins (IL-17 and IL-18) was observed between Groups A and C and also between Groups B and C. A statistically significant difference in the mean concentrations of IL-21 was observed between Groups B and C. Conclusions: Within the limitations of the present study, the findings revealed that the GCF levels of IL-17, IL-18 and IL-21 rose and correlated well with the severity of the disease. Thus, these cytokines present in GCF have the potential to be considered as biomarkers for periodontal tissue destruction. IL-21 in particular appears to be a promising biomarker for differentiating between gingivitis and periodontitis.
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Lázničková P, Bendíčková K, Kepák T, Frič J. Immunosenescence in Childhood Cancer Survivors and in Elderly: A Comparison and Implication for Risk Stratification. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2022; 2:708788. [PMID: 35822014 PMCID: PMC9261368 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2021.708788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The population of childhood cancer survivors (CCS) has grown rapidly in recent decades. Although cured of their original malignancy, these individuals are at increased risk of serious late effects, including age-associated complications. An impaired immune system has been linked to the emergence of these conditions in the elderly and CCS, likely due to senescent immune cell phenotypes accompanied by low-grade inflammation, which in the elderly is known as "inflammaging." Whether these observations in the elderly and CCS are underpinned by similar mechanisms is unclear. If so, existing knowledge on immunosenescent phenotypes and inflammaging might potentially serve to benefit CCS. We summarize recent findings on the immune changes in CCS and the elderly, and highlight the similarities and identify areas for future research. Improving our understanding of the underlying mechanisms and immunosenescent markers of accelerated immune aging might help us to identify individuals at increased risk of serious health complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Lázničková
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic.,Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Kamila Bendíčková
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Kepák
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic.,Department of Pediatric Oncology, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Frič
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic.,Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Prague, Czech Republic
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Women with lower systemic inflammation demonstrate steeper cognitive decline with age: Results from a large prospective, longitudinal sample. Brain Behav Immun Health 2022; 22:100465. [PMID: 35586361 PMCID: PMC9108464 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbih.2022.100465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Men and women experience large disparities in prevalence, detection, and clinical course of neurodegenerative diseases. Inflammation has been implicated in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, yet there is a paucity of literature documenting sex differences in this phenomenon in prospective, longitudinal studies. Methods Participants were 4217 non-smoking individuals (62.2% female; aged 46–91 at enrollment) enrolled in the Health and Retirement Study who provided dried blood spots and completed a standardized assessment of cognitive function 3 times across 8 years. Inflammation was indexed using C-reactive protein (CRP). Results Higher CRP was associated with lower concurrent cognitive function, b = −0.13 (SE = 0.06), p < .05, but less decline in cognitive function over time, b = 0.02 (SE = 0.01), p < .05. Sex moderated the association between CRP and decline in total cognitive function, b = 0.02 (SE = 0.01), p < .05, such that the steepest declines in cognitive function were observed among women with the lowest CRP concentrations. Conclusions Women with lower systemic inflammation as measured by CRP may be at risk of going undetected for neurodegenerative disease, especially given their overall higher cognitive scores. This may perpetuate sex-related disparities in prevention and clinical course. Attention to the underlying biological mechanisms explaining the link between lower CRP and risk for cognitive decline for women and its potential clinical implications are needed. Sex differences in links between inflammation and cognitive function are under-explored. Higher CRP was associated with lower concurrent cognitive function, only in men. Women with lower CRP showed the steepest declines in cognitive functioning.
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Verma K, Chandra M, Prasad DN, Debnath C, Mohanty H, Kohli E, Reddy MPK. Alteration in cerebral blood flow, kynurenines with respect to mood profile in freshly recruited armed forces personnel. J Psychiatr Res 2022; 149:155-161. [PMID: 35276632 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2022.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The present study is conducted to understand the association of mood profile with the kynurenine pathway (KP) metabolites, and cerebral hemodynamics in freshly recruited central armed forces personnel. Profile of Mood States questionnaire was utilized to assess mood profile, and Total Mood Disturbance (TMD) score was calculated. Transcranial Doppler was used to record blood flow velocity bilaterally of the middle cerebral artery. Chromatographic profile of the kynurenine metabolites was obtained in serum. Further, personnel were stratified according to sociodemographic variables (gender, age and diet) to observe the changes in their KP metabolic status. An activation of the kynurenic acid branch of the KP and the reduction in the mean blood flow velocity, and an increase in Gosling pulsatility index (PI) were observed in females having high TMD score. On gender comparative analysis, kynurenine metabolites of quinolinic acid branch and serotonin were significantly high in males. In males, with increase in age, a significant increase in the quinolinic acid branch of the KP was observed. Furthermore, a significant difference in level metabolites of the KP among the vegetarian and non-vegetarian groups was also observed. In conclusion we observed that increased TMD score was associated with cerebral hypoperfusion and higher vascular resistance along with activation of the KP. Our findings highlighted the importance of multi-facet brain function to showcase the close interaction of various dimensionalities and true picture of the assessee.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalyani Verma
- Department of Neurobiology, Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences, DRDO, Timarpur, Delhi, India
| | - Mukesh Chandra
- Department of Cardio-Respiratory Physiology, Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences, DRDO, Timarpur, Delhi, India
| | - Dipti N Prasad
- Department of Neurobiology, Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences, DRDO, Timarpur, Delhi, India
| | - Chandan Debnath
- Indo Tibetan Border Police, CGO Complex, Ministry of Home Affairs, Delhi, India
| | - Haribandu Mohanty
- Indo Tibetan Border Police, CGO Complex, Ministry of Home Affairs, Delhi, India
| | - Ekta Kohli
- Department of Neurobiology, Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences, DRDO, Timarpur, Delhi, India.
| | - M Prasanna K Reddy
- Department of Cardio-Respiratory Physiology, Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences, DRDO, Timarpur, Delhi, India
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Iron deficiency and biomarkers of inflammation: a 3-year prospective analysis of the DO-HEALTH trial. Aging Clin Exp Res 2022; 34:515-525. [PMID: 34533774 PMCID: PMC8894209 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-021-01955-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background The longitudinal association between iron deficiency and inflammatory biomarkers levels has not been fully explored among relatively healthy older adults. Aims To assess whether iron deficiency at baseline and at any yearly follow-up time point, with or without anemia, was associated with changes from baseline in high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels over 3 years. Methods This is a post-hoc observational analysis of DO-HEALTH, a double-blind, randomized controlled trial including 2157 European community-dwelling adults age 70+. The outcomes were changes from baseline in hs-CRP and IL-6 levels, measured at 12, 24, and 36 months of follow-up. Iron deficiency was defined by soluble transferrin receptor levels > 28.1 nmol/L and baseline anemia by hemoglobin levels < 130 g/L for men and < 120 g/L for women. Results In total, 2141 participants were included in the analyses (mean age: 74.9 years, 61.5% of women, 26.8% with iron deficiency). Baseline iron deficiency was associated with greater increase in IL-6 levels (mean difference in change: 0.52 ng/L, 95%CI 0.03–1.00, P = .04) over 3 years. Iron deficiency at any yearly time point was associated with higher increases in hs-CRP (mean difference in change: 1.62 mg/L, 95%CI 0.98–2.26, P < .001) and IL-6 levels (mean difference in change: 1.33 ng/L, 95%CI 0.87–1.79, P < .001) over 3 years. No significant interaction between iron deficiency and anemia was found, suggesting that the results are independent of the anemic status. Conclusions These findings suggest that iron deficiency may play a role in low-grade chronic inflammation among relatively healthy older adults. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40520-021-01955-3.
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Davidsen K, Carstensen S, Kriegbaum M, Bruunsgaard H, Lund R. Do partnership dissolutions and living alone affect systemic chronic inflammation? A cohort study of Danish adults. J Epidemiol Community Health 2022; 76:jech-2021-217422. [PMID: 35012967 DOI: 10.1136/jech-2021-217422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Partnership breakups and living alone are associated with several adverse health outcomes. The aim of this study, carried out in Denmark, is to investigate whether accumulated numbers of divorces/partnership breakups or years lived alone across 26 years of adult life are associated with levels of inflammation, and if vulnerability with regards to gender or educational level can be identified. METHODS 4835 participants from the Copenhagen Aging and Midlife Biobank (CAMB) aged 48-62 years were included. Data on accumulated numbers of partnership breakups and years living alone were retrieved from a national standardised annual register. Inflammatory markers interleukin 6 (IL-6) and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) were measured in blood samples. Multivariate linear regression analyses were adjusted for age, educational level, early major life events, body mass index, chronic diseases, medicinal intake affecting inflammation, acute inflammation and personality scores. RESULTS For men, an association was found between an increasing number of partnership breakups or number of years living alone and higher levels of inflammatory markers. No such association was found for women, and no evidence of partnership breakups and educational level having a joint effect was found for either gender. CONCLUSION The findings suggest a strong association between years lived alone or accumulated number of partnership breakups and low-grade inflammation for middle-aged men, but not for women. Among those of either sex with a lower level of education, no specific vulnerability to accumulated years lived alone or number of breakups was identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Davidsen
- Section of Social Medicine, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Simon Carstensen
- Section of Social Medicine, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Margit Kriegbaum
- Research Unit for General Practice and Section of General Practice, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Helle Bruunsgaard
- Department of Clinical Immunology; Centre of Inflammation and Metabolism; Centre for Physical Activity Research, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Rikke Lund
- Section of Social Medicine, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Section of Social Medicine, Department of Public Helath, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Center for Healthy Aging, University of Copenhagen, Kobenhavn, Denmark
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Wong EL, Cheung AW, Haines C, Wang C, Wong CK, Tsim KW, Cheng WK, Leung PC. The Efficacy of Herbal Supplement Danggui Buxue Tang for Relieving Menopausal Symptoms. J Menopausal Med 2022; 28:33-39. [PMID: 35534429 PMCID: PMC9086341 DOI: 10.6118/jmm.21024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study aimed to further explore the efficacy and safety of Danggui Buxue Tang (DBT), a simple herbal formula, for improving the quality of life of women suffering from menopausal symptoms. Methods A third clinical trial to determine the clinical efficacy of high-dose DBT for a period of 12 weeks was carried out. The standard Menopause-Specific Quality of Life (MENQOL) assessment chart was used for the evaluation. Safety was defined as an absence of direct estrogenic effects, serum inflammatory cytokines. Notably, interleukin IL-6, IL-8 and tumor necrosis factor TNF-α, known to be directly related to estrogenic reactions in menopause studies, were monitored. Results The third clinical trial indicated an overall improvement in the four domains of MENQOL, offering further proof of the efficacy of DBT demonstrated in the two previous trials. The serial checks of the three cytokines related to estrogen activities did not show either upward or downward trends. The haphazard behavior reactions of the three cytokines offered indirect indications that DBT improved the MENQOL independently from estrogen activities. Conclusions The three clinical trials using DBT to relieve menopausal syndrome have offered solid evidence for its efficacy. The uncertainty regarding whether the “phytoestrogen” contained in DBT had bioactivities similar to estrogen was alleviated through the confirmation that no strict estrogenic bioactivities were observed. The issue of safety was further clarified via laboratory platform studies on DBT, which not only showed the lack of similarity with estrogen actions but also confirmed the value of combining the two herbs in the classic formula.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliza L.Y. Wong
- The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Annie W.L. Cheung
- The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - C.J. Haines
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - C.C. Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Chun-Kwok Wong
- Department of Chemical Pathology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Research on Bioactivities and Clinical Applications of Medicinal Plants, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Karl W.K. Tsim
- Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong
| | - William K.F. Cheng
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Research on Bioactivities and Clinical Applications of Medicinal Plants, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Ping-Chung Leung
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Research on Bioactivities and Clinical Applications of Medicinal Plants, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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García-Cordero J, Pino A, Cuevas C, Puertas-Martín V, San Román R, de Pascual-Teresa S. Neurocognitive Effects of Cocoa and Red-Berries Consumption in Healthy Adults. Nutrients 2021; 14:1. [PMID: 35010877 PMCID: PMC8746322 DOI: 10.3390/nu14010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent decades, the elderly population has increased at higher rates than any other population group, resulting in an increase in age-related diseases such as neurodegenerative and cognitive impairment. To address this global health problem, it is necessary to search for new dietary strategies that can prevent the main neurocognitive problems associated with the ageing process. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to analyze the effect of cocoa flavanols and red berry anthocyanins on brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and nerve growth factor receptor (NGF-R) and to stablish the possible improvement in cognitive performance by using a battery of neurocognitive tests that included the Verbal Learning Test Spain-Complutense, the Spatial Recall Test 10/36 BRB-N, the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale III and IV, the STROOP Task and the Tower of London Test. A randomized, double-blind, parallel-group study was performed in 60 healthy volunteers between 50 and 75 years old who consumed a cocoa powder, a red berries mixture or a combination of both for 12 weeks. After the intervention, we observed a reduction in the time needed to start (p = 0.031) and finish (p = 0.018) the neurocognitive test known as the Tower of London in all groups, but the decrease in time to finish the task was more pronounced in the intervention with the combination of cocoa-red berries group. We failed to show any significant difference in BDNF and NGF-R sera levels. However we found a negative correlation between BDNF and the number of movements required to finish the TOL in women (p = 0.044). In conclusion, our study showed an improvement in executive function, without any change in neurotrofin levels, for all intervention arms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joaquín García-Cordero
- Departamento de Metabolismo y Nutrición, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos y Nutrición (ICTAN-CSIC), C/José Antonio Novais, 10, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.G.-C.); (A.P.)
| | - Alicia Pino
- Departamento de Metabolismo y Nutrición, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos y Nutrición (ICTAN-CSIC), C/José Antonio Novais, 10, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.G.-C.); (A.P.)
| | - Constanza Cuevas
- Hospital 12 de Octubre, 28041 Madrid, Spain; (C.C.); (V.P.-M.); (R.S.R.)
| | - Verónica Puertas-Martín
- Hospital 12 de Octubre, 28041 Madrid, Spain; (C.C.); (V.P.-M.); (R.S.R.)
- Facultad de Educación, Universidad Internacional de la Rioja, 26006 Logrono, Spain
| | - Ricardo San Román
- Hospital 12 de Octubre, 28041 Madrid, Spain; (C.C.); (V.P.-M.); (R.S.R.)
| | - Sonia de Pascual-Teresa
- Departamento de Metabolismo y Nutrición, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos y Nutrición (ICTAN-CSIC), C/José Antonio Novais, 10, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.G.-C.); (A.P.)
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Coelho DB, Lopes LMP, de Oliveira EC, Becker LK, de Paula Costa G, Hermsdorff HHM, Drummond e Silva FG, de Castro Pinto KM, Talvani A, Carraro JCC. Baseline Diet Quality Is Related to Changes in the Body Composition and Inflammatory Markers: An Intervention Study Based on Resistance Training and Nutritional Advice. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:6681823. [PMID: 34869768 PMCID: PMC8639234 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6681823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Habitual food intake and physical activity can affect chronic low-grade inflammation, which is common in the elderly, because of changes in the immune system and body composition. Thus, the present study proposes an evaluation of the influence of past eating habits on the effects of an intervention of resistance training plus dietary advice on the inflammatory profile of the elderly. We conducted an intervention study with 40 elderly people. The Revised Diet Quality Index (HEI-R) and the dietary total antioxidant capacity (dTAC) were calculated before the intervention based on a food frequency questionnaire validated to the elderly population. Participants were categorized according to the median of HEI-R and dTAC to assess the influence of the habitual diet quality on anthropometry and inflammatory markers (CRP, IL-8, CCL-2, and leptin) before and after the intervention. The 19-week intervention provided a long-term progressive resistance training associated with dietary advice focused on foods rich in compounds with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. There was a greater reduction in weight, body mass index (BMI), and body fat (%) in the group with the lowest HEI-R and a greater reduction in the body fat (%) in the group with the lowest dTAC, indicating that the group that had a worse diet quality before the intervention responded better to it. The index HEI-R correlated negatively with Δweight and ΔBMI. dTAC correlated positively with Δmonocyte 1 chemotactic protein (CCL-2) and ΔC-reactive protein (CRP). In this scenario, elderly persons with bad habits can benefit from interventions to lifestyle change, while the better diet quality including dietary antioxidant sources can be useful to control weight and inflammatory biomarkers in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Barbosa Coelho
- Postgraduate Program in Health and Nutrition, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Lilian Maria Peixoto Lopes
- Postgraduate Program in Health and Nutrition, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Emerson Cruz de Oliveira
- Postgraduate Program in Health and Nutrition, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Lenice Kappes Becker
- Postgraduate Program in Health and Nutrition, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Guilherme de Paula Costa
- Postgraduate Program in Health and Nutrition, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Helen Hermana Miranda Hermsdorff
- Laboratory of Energy Metabolism and Body Composition, Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Kelerson Mauro de Castro Pinto
- Physical Education School and Inflammation Immunobiology Laboratory, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - André Talvani
- Postgraduate Program in Health and Nutrition and Inflammation Immunobiology Laboratory, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Júlia Cristina Cardoso Carraro
- Postgraduate Program in Health and Nutrition and School of Nutrition, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Santoro A, Bientinesi E, Monti D. Immunosenescence and inflammaging in the aging process: age-related diseases or longevity? Ageing Res Rev 2021; 71:101422. [PMID: 34391943 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2021.101422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
During aging the immune system (IS) undergoes remarkable changes that collectively are known as immunosenescence. It is a multifactorial and dynamic phenomenon that affects both natural and acquired immunity and plays a critical role in most chronic diseases in older people. For a long time, immunosenescence has been considered detrimental because it may lead to a low-grade, sterile chronic inflammation we proposed to call "inflammaging" and a progressive reduction in the ability to trigger effective antibody and cellular responses against infections and vaccinations. Recently, many scientists revised this negative meaning because it can be considered an essential adaptation/remodeling resulting from the lifelong immunological biography of single individuals from an evolutionary perspective. Inflammaging can be considered an adaptive process because it can trigger an anti-inflammatory response to counteract the age-related pro-inflammatory environment. Centenarians represent a valuable model to study the beneficial changes occurring in the IS with age. These extraordinary individuals reached the extreme limits of human life by slowing down the aging process and, in most cases, delaying, avoiding or surviving the major age-associated diseases. They indeed show a complex and heterogeneous phenotype determined by an improved ability to adapt and remodel in response to harmful stimuli. This review aims to point out the intimate relationship between immunosenescence and inflammaging and how these processes impact unsuccessful aging rather than longevity. We also describe the gut microbiota age-related changes as one of the significant triggers of inflammaging and the sex/gender differences in the immune system of the elderly, contributing to the sex/gender disparity in terms of epidemiology, pathophysiology, symptoms and severity of age-related diseases. Finally, we discuss how these phenomena could influence the susceptibility to COVID-19 infection.
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Age- and Sex-Adjusted Reference Intervals in Tear Cytokine Levels in Healthy Subjects. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11198958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Alterations in tear cytokine levels have been associated with various ocular disorders as compared to those in healthy subjects. However, age and sex are not always considered in these comparisons. In this study we aimed to establish age and sex reference intervals (RIs) for tear cytokine levels in healthy people. Tear samples were taken from 75 males and 82 females, aged 18–88 years, and tear cytokine levels were determined. Age- and sex-adjusted RIs for epidermal growth factor (EGF), fractalkine, interleukin (IL)-1 receptor antagonist (RA), IL-7, IL-8, interferon inducible protein (IP)-10, monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)-1, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) tear cytokine levels in a healthy sample were established using generalized additive for location, scale and shape (GAMLSS) models. RIs were tested in two external samples: a validation sample of 40 individuals with normal results at four Dry Eye Disease (DED) clinical diagnostic tests (OSDI, T-BUT, corneal staining and Schirmer test); and a utility sample of 13 severe DED cases. IL-1RA, IL-8, IP-10, and MCP-1 levels showed a positive association with age, while EGF was negatively correlated. IL-7 concentration increased up to 40 years and again after 70 years, observing a quasi-linear decrease between them. For VEGF, higher levels were observed in the middle-aged range. Regarding sex-influence, fractalkine tear levels were higher in men, whereas those of IL-7, IL-8, and IP-10 were higher in women. Using the estimated age- and sex-adjusted RIs, more than 92% of the validation sample was correctly classified, and 100% of the severe DED patients in the utility sample had concentrations outside the RIs in at least two of the cytokines evaluated.
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Chemaga Nkonpawa C, Ama Moor VJ, Tankeu AT, Momo AS, Wafeu GS, Amazia F, Nkeck JR, Manases T, Dohbit Sama J, Choukem SP. Inflammation and Insulin Resistance in a Group of Sub-Saharan African Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. J Inflamm Res 2021; 14:4643-4649. [PMID: 34552346 PMCID: PMC8450186 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s313193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Studies report high levels of inflammatory markers in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), reflecting chronic low-grade inflammation. This inflammation is thought to be associated with insulin resistance. We aim to evaluate inflammatory markers [high sensitivity C reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin 6] and insulin resistance in women with PCOS in Yaoundé, Cameroon. Methods We conducted a comparative cross-sectional study including 32 women with PCOS aged between 18 and 44 years and 32 controls matched for age and body mass index (BMI). Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index calculated using C peptide levels was used to evaluate insulin resistance. Serum levels of high sensitivity CRP (hsCRP) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) were measured. Comparisons were made using the Student’s T-test and non-parametric tests (Mann–Whitney U-test, Kruskal–Wallis test). Results We found that the median [25th–75th percentile] level of hsCRP was significantly higher in women with PCOS compared to the controls (0.63 [0.32–3.81] mg/L vs. 0.47 [0.15–1.04] mg/L; p=0.01), while IL-6 levels were not different (8.61 [4.1–33.79] pg/mL for PCOS vs. 8.80 [5.28–38.85] pg/mL for controls; p=0.51). We noted that women with PCOS had a higher HOMA-IR index (1.15±0.90 vs. 0.77±0.38; p=0.03). However, there was no correlation between hsCRP level and the HOMA-IR index (Spearman correlation coefficient=0.10; p=0.62). Conclusion PCOS is associated with an increased level of hsCRP and insulin resistance in Cameroonian women. This exploratory study provides baseline evidence for larger-scale studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christelle Chemaga Nkonpawa
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Vicky Jocelyne Ama Moor
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé, Cameroon.,Laboratory of Biochemistry, University Teaching Hospital, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Aurel T Tankeu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Audrey Synthia Momo
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Guy Sadeu Wafeu
- Centre for Research on Filariasis and Other Tropical Diseases, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Falmata Amazia
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, University Teaching Hospital, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Jan Rene Nkeck
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, University Teaching Hospital, Yaoundé, Cameroon.,Department of Internal Medicine and Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Tasha Manases
- Health and Human Development Research Network, Douala, Cameroon
| | - Julius Dohbit Sama
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Simeon Pierre Choukem
- Health and Human Development Research Network, Douala, Cameroon.,Department of Internal Medicine and Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon.,Department of Internal Medicine and Specialties, Douala General Hospital, Douala, Cameroon
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Silva-Lagos LA, Pillay J, van Meurs M, Smink A, van der Voort PHJ, de Vos P. DAMPening COVID-19 Severity by Attenuating Danger Signals. Front Immunol 2021; 12:720192. [PMID: 34456928 PMCID: PMC8397524 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.720192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 might lead to multi-organ failure and, in some cases, to death. The COVID-19 severity is associated with a “cytokine storm.” Danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) are proinflammatory molecules that can activate pattern recognition receptors, such as toll-like receptors (TLRs). DAMPs and TLRs have not received much attention in COVID-19 but can explain some of the gender-, weight- and age-dependent effects. In females and males, TLRs are differentially expressed, likely contributing to higher COVID-19 severity in males. DAMPs and cytokines associated with COVID-19 mortality are elevated in obese and elderly individuals, which might explain the higher risk for severer COVID-19 in these groups. Adenosine signaling inhibits the TLR/NF-κB pathway and, through this, decreases inflammation and DAMPs’ effects. As vaccines will not be effective in all susceptible individuals and as new vaccine-resistant SARS-CoV-2 mutants might develop, it remains mandatory to find means to dampen COVID-19 disease severity, especially in high-risk groups. We propose that the regulation of DAMPs via adenosine signaling enhancement might be an effective way to lower the severity of COVID-19 and prevent multiple organ failure in the absence of severe side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis A Silva-Lagos
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Janesh Pillay
- Department of Intensive Care, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Matijs van Meurs
- Department of Intensive Care, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Alexandra Smink
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Peter H J van der Voort
- Department of Intensive Care, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Paul de Vos
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, Netherlands
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Assessment of Unstimulated Whole Salivary Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha (TNF-α) and Cellular Micronuclei Levels in Snuff (Naswar) Users and Non-Users for Early Diagnosis of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18147230. [PMID: 34299679 PMCID: PMC8307060 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18147230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to investigate the unstimulated whole saliva (UWS) tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and cellular micronuclei in snuff dippers (Naswar) compared to healthy control subjects. The case control study was conducted over 9 months at a tertiary care center. Sixty patients were divided into two groups: Snuff dippers (SD) (Naswar) and non-snuff dippers (NSD) (control subjects). The included self-reported SD used Snuff twice daily for more than 12 months. UWS was collected and salivary TNF-α assessment was performed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). For cellular micronuclei, buccal mucosa was brushed to obtain cells in Naswar users, fixed with a dibutylphthalate polystyrene xylene (DPX) mounting to view micronuclei. Means and standard deviations were compared using the t-test and outcomes were related using Pearson correlation, considering p ≤ 0.05 as significant. The mean age of participants was 38.85 ± 11.56 years. The mean duration of snuff use was 20.43 ± 12.79 years and the common site for Naswar placement was the lower vestibule (n = 19, 63.3%). TNF-α levels among SD were 9.6 ± 3.3 pg/mL, which were significantly higher than levels in NSD, 5.2 ± 3 pg/mL (p < 0.05). The number of cellular micronuclei in SD was 30.7 ± 7.8, which was comparatively higher than in NSD, which was 9.2 ± 3.3 (p < 0.05). The duration of snuff use was positively correlated to TNF-α levels (p = 0.048) rather than the micronuclei number (p = 0.97). SD showed higher levels of TNF-α and cellular micronuclei compared with NSD (control subjects); a positive correlation was shown with the duration of snuff use. We conclude that TNF-α and micronuclei are potential salivary biomarkers for an oral biological effect in snuff (Naswar) users.
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IL-6 regulates the bone metabolism and inflammatory microenvironment in aging mice by inhibiting Setd7. Acta Histochem 2021; 123:151718. [PMID: 33962150 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2021.151718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Aging, which has become a worldwide problem, leads to the degeneration of multiple organs and tissues. Two of the main changes in aging are dysregulation of the tissue microenvironment and abnormal functioning of specific stem cells. Bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs) in the aging microenvironment are not only effector cells but also immunomodulatory cells that change the microenvironment. IL-6 is a primary inflammatory response factor associated with bone diseases. In this study, we stimulated BMSCs with IL-6 to investigate a novel mechanism of age-related osteoporosis. IL-6 activated the TLR2, TLR4 and AKT pathway as well as inhibited the expression of β-catenin and Setd7. In addition, Setd7 expression in the bone tissues of aged mice was suppressed. Setd7 not only promoted BMSC osteogenic differentiation but also mediated proinflammatory gene expression in BMSCs under IL-6 stimulation. Due to its dual functions in BMSCs, Setd7 may be a novel molecular target for age-related osteoporosis prevention and treatment.
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Hart MJ, Torres SJ, McNaughton SA, Milte CM. A Dietary Inflammatory Index and associations with C-reactive protein in a general adult population. Eur J Nutr 2021; 60:4093-4106. [PMID: 33991227 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-021-02573-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Chronic low-grade inflammation is implicated in many of the diseases of ageing. Lifestyle factors, including diet may alter low-grade inflammation. This study aimed to assess cross-sectional associations between the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) score and the inflammatory marker C-reactive protein (CRP); and determine if any association differs according to age (< 50 vs ≥ 50 years). METHODS DII scores were calculated for respondents of the Australian Health Survey 2011-2012 using data from two 24-h recalls. Serum CRP was measured using ultrasensitive immunoturbidimetric assay. Associations between DII and CRP were assessed using multivariate linear regression adjusting for confounders (age education, physical activity, sex and smoking). Associations were assessed for the whole cohort and stratified at age 50 years. RESULTS The analysis included 2558 respondents with a mean BMI of 26.8 kg/m2 (< 50 years n = 1099; ≥ 50 years n = 1459). Respondents in the lowest DII quartile (anti-inflammatory diet) reportedly consumed more grains, vegetables and legumes, fruit, milk products, meat, poultry, fish and eggs, unsaturated oils and alcohol compared to respondents in DII quartile 4. No associations were seen between DII and CRP after adjustment for confounders in the whole cohort or when stratified < 50 or ≥ 50 years. CONCLUSIONS The DII was not associated with CRP in this cross-sectional study. Inflammation is complex characterised by a cascade of the multiple inflammatory markers and understanding the temporal relationship between diet and the inflammatory process is an important area for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Hart
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, 3220, Australia.
| | - Susan J Torres
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, 3220, Australia
| | - Sarah A McNaughton
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, 3220, Australia
| | - Catherine M Milte
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, 3220, Australia
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Yuvaraj J, Cheng K, Lin A, Psaltis PJ, Nicholls SJ, Wong DTL. The Emerging Role of CT-Based Imaging in Adipose Tissue and Coronary Inflammation. Cells 2021; 10:1196. [PMID: 34068406 PMCID: PMC8153638 DOI: 10.3390/cells10051196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
A large body of evidence arising from recent randomized clinical trials demonstrate the association of vascular inflammatory mediators with coronary artery disease (CAD). Vascular inflammation localized in the coronary arteries leads to an increased risk of CAD-related events, and produces unique biological alterations to local cardiac adipose tissue depots. Coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA) provides a means of mapping inflammatory changes to both epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) and pericoronary adipose tissue (PCAT) as independent markers of coronary risk. Radiodensity or attenuation of PCAT on coronary CTA, notably, provides indirect quantification of coronary inflammation and is emerging as a promising non-invasive imaging implement. An increasing number of observational studies have shown robust associations between PCAT attenuation and major coronary events, including acute coronary syndrome, and 'vulnerable' atherosclerotic plaque phenotypes that are associated with an increased risk of the said events. This review outlines the biological characteristics of both EAT and PCAT and provides an overview of the current literature on PCAT attenuation as a surrogate marker of coronary inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy Yuvaraj
- Monash Cardiovascular Research Centre, Victorian Heart Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University and Monash Heart, Monash Health, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia; (J.Y.); (K.C.); (S.J.N.)
| | - Kevin Cheng
- Monash Cardiovascular Research Centre, Victorian Heart Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University and Monash Heart, Monash Health, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia; (J.Y.); (K.C.); (S.J.N.)
| | - Andrew Lin
- Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA;
| | - Peter J. Psaltis
- Department of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia;
- South Australian Health Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Stephen J. Nicholls
- Monash Cardiovascular Research Centre, Victorian Heart Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University and Monash Heart, Monash Health, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia; (J.Y.); (K.C.); (S.J.N.)
| | - Dennis T. L. Wong
- Monash Cardiovascular Research Centre, Victorian Heart Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University and Monash Heart, Monash Health, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia; (J.Y.); (K.C.); (S.J.N.)
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