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Hue TF, Lotz JC, Zheng P, Black DM, Bailey J, Ewing SK, Fields AJ, Mehling W, Scheffler A, Strigo I, Petterson T, Wu LA, O'Neill C. Design of the COMEBACK and BACKHOME Studies, Longitudinal Cohorts for Comprehensive Deep Phenotyping of Adults with Chronic Low-Back Pain (cLBP): a part of the BACPAC Research Program. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2024.04.09.24305574. [PMID: 38645207 PMCID: PMC11030474 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.09.24305574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Objective The University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) Core Center for Patient-centric, Mechanistic Phenotyping in Chronic Low Back Pain (REACH) is one of the three NIH Back Pain Consortium (BACPAC) Research Programs Mechanistic Research Centers (MRCs). The goal of UCSF REACH is to define cLBP phenotypes and pain mechanisms that can lead to effective, personalized treatments for patients across the population. The primary objective of this research project is to address the critical need for new diagnostic and prognostic markers, and associated patient classification protocols for chronic low back pain (cLBP) treatment. Design To meet this objective, REACH is conducting two large investigator-initiated translational research cohort studies called: The Longitudinal Clinical Cohort for Comprehensive Deep Phenotyping of Chronic Low-Back Pain (cLBP) Adults Study (comeBACK) and the Chronic Low-Back Pain (cLBP) in Adults Study (BACKHOME). Setting comeBACK is a longitudinal multicenter in-person observational study of 450 adults with chronic low back pain designed to perform comprehensive deep phenotyping. While, the BACKHOME study is a site-less longitudinal observational e-cohort of approximately 3000 U.S. adults with cLBP. To our knowledge, BACKHOME is the largest prospective remote registry of nationwide adults with cLBP. Methods Both the comeBACK and BACKHOME studies are collecting a robust and comprehensive set of risk factors, outcomes, and covariates in order to perform deep phenotyping of cLBP patients based on combined biopsychosocial variables to: define cLBP subtypes, establish phenotyping tools for routine clinical evaluation, and lead to improved cLBP outcomes in the future. The data from both studies will be used to establish techniques to develop a patient-centric definition of treatment success and to analyze cLBP patient traits to define clinically useful cLBP phenotypes, using a combination of traditional data analyses and deep learning methods. Conclusions These 2 pivotal studies, in conjunction with the ancillary studies being performed in both comeBACK and BACKHOME, and the other BACPAC-consortium research projects, we will be able to address a number of diagnostic and therapeutic issues in this complex and diverse patient population with cLBP. These studies will help clarify biopsychosocial mechanisms of cLBP with the aim to provide a foundation to improve the evaluation of treatment effectiveness and to spur new avenues of therapeutic research, including personalized outcome measures that constitute a clinically meaningful treatment effect for individual cLBP patients.
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Johnson SL, Rasmussen JM, Mansoor M, Ibrahim H, Rono W, Goel P, Vissoci JRN, Von Isenburg M, Puffer ES. Correlates of Intimate Partner Violence Victimization and Perpetration in Adolescents and Young Adults in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review. TRAUMA, VIOLENCE & ABUSE 2024; 25:1168-1183. [PMID: 37226506 DOI: 10.1177/15248380231173428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a global public health crisis with long-term adverse consequences for both victims and perpetrators. Patterns of violence often begin during adolescence, yet most interventions target adult relationships. A systematic review was conducted to identify correlates of IPV victimization and perpetration among adolescents and young adults in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Eligible studies included participants 10 to 24 years old, took place in SSA, and tested a statistical association between a correlate and an IPV outcome. Correlates were defined as any condition or characteristic associated with statistically significant increased or decreased risk of IPV victimization or perpetration. PsycInfo, PubMed, Embase, and African Index Medicus were searched and included studies published between January 1, 2000 and February 4, 2022. The search resulted in 3,384 original studies, of which 55 met inclusion criteria and were analyzed. Correlates were first qualitatively synthesized by developmental period (e.g., early adolescence, older adolescence, and young adulthood) and then organized in a conceptual framework by correlate type (e.g., socio-demographic; health, behavior, and attitudes; relational; or contextual). Over two decades of literature reveals variability in evidence by developmental period but also substantial overlap in the correlates of victimization and perpetration. This review identifies multiple points for intervention and results suggest the urgent need for earlier, developmentally appropriate prevention efforts among younger adolescents as well as combined approaches that target both victimization and perpetration of IPV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Savannah L Johnson
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Duke Global Health Institute, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Justin M Rasmussen
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Duke Global Health Institute, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - Hawo Ibrahim
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Wilter Rono
- Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital, Eldoret, Kenya
| | - Pari Goel
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - João R N Vissoci
- Duke Global Health Institute, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Megan Von Isenburg
- Duke University Medical Center Library, Duke University Medical Center Archives, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Eve S Puffer
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Duke Global Health Institute, Durham, NC, USA
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Ampiah JA, Moffatt F, Diver C, Ampiah PK. Understanding how patients' pain beliefs influence chronic low back pain management in Ghana: a grounded theory approach. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e061062. [PMID: 36581439 PMCID: PMC9806037 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-061062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Chronic low back pain (CLBP) is associated with negative consequences in high and low/middle-income countries. Pain beliefs are important psychosocial factors that affect the occurrence and progression of CLBP and may be influenced by the sociocultural context and interactions with healthcare professionals (HCPs). The pain beliefs of Ghanaian patients with CLBP are unknown and the factors influencing pain beliefs in African contexts are unclear. OBJECTIVES To explore the pain beliefs of Ghanaian patients with CLBP, how they influence CLBP management/coping and to identify the mechanisms influencing them. DESIGN Qualitative study using individual semistructured face-to-face interviews, situated within Straussian grounded theory principles and critical realist philosophy. PARTICIPANTS Thirty patients with CLBP accessing physiotherapy at two teaching hospitals in Ghana. RESULTS Participants suggested dominant biomedical/mechanical beliefs (related to CLBP causes, posture and activity, and the belief of an endpoint/cure for CLBP). Maladaptive beliefs and practices, in particular fear-avoidance beliefs, and dependence on passive management and coping, were common among participants. These beliefs and practices were mostly influenced by HCPs and sociocultural expectations/norms. Although spirituality, pacing activity and prescribed exercises were commonly mentioned by participants, other active strategies and positive beliefs were expressed by a few participants and influenced by patients' themselves. Limited physiotherapy involvement, knowledge and awareness were also reported by participants, and this appeared to be influenced by the limited physiotherapy visibility in Ghana. CONCLUSION Participants' narratives suggested the dominant influence of HCPs and the sociocultural environment on their biomedical/mechanical beliefs. These facilitated maladaptive beliefs and adoption of passive coping and management practices. Therefore, incorporation of more positive beliefs and holistic/active strategies by Ghanaian patients and HCPs may be beneficial. Furthermore, patient empowerment and health literacy opportunities to address unhelpful CLBP/sociocultural beliefs and equip patients with management options for CLBP could be beneficial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josephine Ahenkorah Ampiah
- Division of Physiotherapy, Sports Rehabilitation and Chiropractic, London South Bank University Faculty of Health and Social Care, London, UK
- Division of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, University of Nottingham Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Nottingham, UK
| | - Fiona Moffatt
- Division of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, University of Nottingham Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Nottingham, UK
| | - Claire Diver
- Division of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, University of Nottingham Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Nottingham, UK
| | - Paapa Kwesi Ampiah
- Division of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, University of Nottingham Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Nottingham, UK
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Multilevel analysis of factors associated with perinatal intimate partner violence among postpartum population in Southern Ethiopia. Sci Rep 2022; 12:19013. [PMID: 36347930 PMCID: PMC9643427 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-23645-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Violence around pregnancy is critical in nature and major public health problem worldwide. Thus, the present study aims to determine the extent of perinatal partner violence and to identify its individual and community-level factors among postpartum women in Southern Ethiopia. A total of 1342 postpartum women nested in 38 'Kebles' (clusters) were enumerated using multistage-clustered sampling techniques for multilevel analysis. Different parameters were computed for model comparison and model fitness. The overall prevalence of intimate partner violence before, during, and/or after pregnancy was estimated to be 39.9% [95% CI 36.9-44.5]. About 18% of women reported continuous abuse over the perinatal period. Postpartum women who live in rural areas [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 2.46; 95% CI 1.21-5.01], or in neighborhoods with high IPV favoring norms [AOR = 1.49; 95%CI 1.01-2.20], high female literacy [AOR = 2.84; 95%CI 1.62-5.01], high female autonomy [AOR = 2.06; 95%CI 1.36-3.12], or in neighborhoods with lower wealth status [AOR = 1.74; 95%CI 1.14-2.66] were more likely to encounter PIPV. The complex patterns of interplaying factors operating at different levels could put pregnant or postpartum women at higher risk of IPV victimization. Therefore, policies that prioritize the improvement of contextual factors, particularly norms toward IPV and women's empowerment are likely to be the most effective interventions.
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Chang X, Yang Y, Li R. The characteristics of husbands and violence against women in Wuhan, China: a cross-sectional study. BMC Womens Health 2022; 22:73. [PMID: 35287639 PMCID: PMC8922799 DOI: 10.1186/s12905-022-01650-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To explore the prevalence and correlation between husbands and lifetime domestic violence (DV) among women in Wuhan, China. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in a community health center in Wuhan from June 2015 to December 2015. A total of 1015 women who came to the center for gynecological examination were selected through a random sampling. They were assessed using the WHO Violence Against Women Instrument to evaluate the prevalence of DV. The chi-square test, the Wilcoxon rank test, and unadjusted and adjusted logistic regression analyses were used to analyze the possible risk or protective factors for DV. Results The lifetime prevalence of DV was 29.36% (298/1015). The risk factors included heavy physical labor (OR 3.54, 95% CI 1.63–7.77), long-term drinking (OR 1.60, 95% CI 1.19–2.14), overweight or obesity (OR 1.36, 95% CI 1.01–1.88) and long-term smoking (OR 1.03, 95% CI 1.01–1.04). Higher education was a protective factor (OR 0.80, 95% CI 0.66–0.96). Conclusion Women whose husbands had lower education, performed heavy physical labor, were long-term alcohol consumers, had overweight or obesity, and were long-term smokers were vulnerable to lifetime DV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuening Chang
- Child Health Section, Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430000, China
| | - Yifan Yang
- Child Health Section, Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430000, China
| | - Ruizhen Li
- Child Health Section, Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430000, China.
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Heuch I, Heuch I, Hagen K, Storheim K, Zwart JA. Does the risk of chronic low back pain depend on age at menarche or menopause? A population-based cross-sectional and cohort study: the Trøndelag Health Study. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e055118. [PMID: 35210341 PMCID: PMC8883263 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-055118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In most population-based studies of low back pain (LBP), women have a higher risk than men, possibly reflecting hormonal influences. The aim of this study was to explore associations between age at menarche and menopause and risk of chronic LBP. DESIGN Population-based cross-sectional and cohort study designs. SETTING The HUNT2 and HUNT3 medical surveys of the entire population of Nord-Trøndelag County in Norway. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Prevalence or risk of chronic LBP, defined as LBP persisting at least 3 months continuously during last year. PARTICIPANTS Associations between age at menarche and prevalence of chronic LBP were examined in cross-sectional data from HUNT2, comprising 27 697 women aged 20-69 years, with 7300 women reporting LBP. The corresponding cohort data included 11 659 women without LBP at baseline in HUNT2, with 2353 women reporting LBP at follow-up 11 years later in HUNT3. Cross-sectional data on age at menopause or premenopausal status included 11 332 women aged 40-69 years, with 3439 women reporting chronic LBP. Corresponding cohort data included 7893 women without LBP at baseline, of whom 1100 developed LBP. METHODS Associations between age at menarche or menopause and risk of chronic LBP were examined by generalised linear modelling. RESULTS A U-shaped association was indicated between age at menarche and risk of chronic LBP, both in the cross-sectional and cohort studies. Age at menarche ≤11 years was associated with an increased risk of chronic LBP, with a relative risk of 1.32 (95% CI 1.15 to 1.52), compared with age 14 years at menarche, after relevant adjustments. Corresponding cross-sectional crude absolute risks were 32% and 25%, respectively. No association was established between age at menopause and risk of LBP. Being premenopausal had no influence on risk. CONCLUSIONS In contrast to results for age at menopause, the association with age at menarche suggests that hormonal factors affect the risk of LBP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid Heuch
- Department of Research, Innovation and Education, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ivar Heuch
- Department of Mathematics, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Knut Hagen
- Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Clinical Research Unit Central Norway, St Olavs University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Kjersti Storheim
- Research and Communication Unit for Musculoskeletal Health (FORMI), Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
| | - John-Anker Zwart
- Department of Research, Innovation and Education, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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Lin S, Zhu B, Zheng Y, Liu S, Wang C. Effect of RUSI-based core stability exercise on chronic non-specific low back pain patients: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e047317. [PMID: 34907039 PMCID: PMC8671944 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-047317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Low back pain (LBP) is one of the most highly prevalent pain both in developed countries and low-income and middle-income countries. Despite increasing healthcare resources and numerous treatment methods for LBP, the efficacy of these therapeutic strategies is still uncertain. Recently, core stability exercise (CSE) is popularly applied as a preventive or rehabilitative method in the treatment of LBP. However, the adequate activation of the local muscle systems of CSE needs further optimisation and quantification. This trial aims to investigate the feasibility and efficacy of CSE monitored by real-time ultrasound image (RUSI) on LBP individuals. METHODS AND ANALYSIS Forty subjects with chronic non-specific LBP (CNLBP), aged from 20 to 50 years, will be randomly allocated into two groups using sealed, consecutively numbered opaque envelopes: (1) study group (SG): CSE monitored by RUSI and (2) control group (CG): identical CSE without monitoring. Interventions will last 30 mins, two times a week for 8 weeks. The primary outcomes include pain intensity, disability and quality of life, and the secondary outcomes will be the postural control static stability, onset timing of trunk muscles activation, ultrasound images of muscle thickness and surface electromyography (sEMG) signal of muscle activities. Outcome measures will be collected at baseline, 4 and 8 weeks during training, and at 6 months follow-up. Data will be collected and analysed by an assessor blinded to group allocation. Effect sizes and mixed-model repeated measures analysis of variance (2 groups×4 time points) will be calculated. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION This protocol and informed consent has been approved by the Institutional Research Ethics Committee of the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University (Approval number: [2020] 254-1). The findings of this study will be disseminated to participants through social networks and will be submitted to peer-reviewed journals and scientific conferences. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR2000034498).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Lin
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, Guangdong, China
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Bo Zhu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yiyi Zheng
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shufeng Liu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chuhuai Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Abota TL, Gashe FE, Kabeta ND. Postpartum Women's Lived Experiences of Perinatal Intimate Partner Violence in Wolaita Zone, Southern Ethiopia: A Phenomenological Study Approach. Int J Womens Health 2021; 13:1103-1114. [PMID: 34803406 PMCID: PMC8598125 DOI: 10.2147/ijwh.s332545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Perinatal intimate partner violence affects the health and safety of postpartum women and their infants. However, it has not been well recognized and addressed in the study setting. Hence, this study aimed to explore postpartum women's lived experiences of perinatal intimate partner violence and its contributing factors in Wolaita Zone, Southern Ethiopia. Methods A phenomenological study approach was used to explore postpartum women's lived experiences of perinatal partner violence from January to March 2020. A total of twenty-two postnatal women and five health extension workers (HEWs) were interviewed. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim in local languages, and then translated into English. Data were analyzed thematically, using deductive and inductive coding. The consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research (CORE-Q) checklist was followed to report the findings. Results Results indicated that postpartum women had experienced recurrent violence before, during, and after pregnancy from their husbands, with 16 out of 22 women being subjected to perinatal intimate partner violence. A majority of the participants delineated their exposure to perinatal physical violence next to perinatal psychological violence. Many of the interviewed women noted that violence during pregnancy was exacerbated and increased during postpartum. Moreover, the interviewees revealed that some partners were not only a serious threat to their wives, but also their infants during the postpartum period. Four of the participants stated that their newborns were hit and thrown by their father and became unconscious. Participants linked husbands' perinatal violence with suspicion about the newborn, male-child preference, partner infidelity and jealousy, contraceptives usage, alcohol consumptions, indifference to shortages on household necessities, improper parenting, and financial problems. Conclusion This study highlights that postpartum women are experiencing continuous and severe forms of perinatal IPV in the study setting. Thus, community-level interventions that minimize perinatal partner violence against postnatal women and their infants are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tafesse Lamaro Abota
- Department of Nursing, College of Health Sciences, Mizan-Tepi University, Mizan-Aman, South West Ethiopia.,School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | | | - Negussie Deyessa Kabeta
- School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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Jacob L, Rathmann W, Koyanagi A, Haro JM, Kostev K. Association between type 2 diabetes and chronic low back pain in general practices in Germany. BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care 2021; 9:9/1/e002426. [PMID: 34266855 PMCID: PMC8286747 DOI: 10.1136/bmjdrc-2021-002426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION There are conflicting results on the association between type 2 diabetes and chronic low back pain (CLBP). Therefore, the goal was to investigate the relationship between type 2 diabetes and CLBP in individuals followed in general practices in Germany. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Adults diagnosed for the first time with type 2 diabetes in 809 general practices in Germany between 2005 and 2018 (index date) were included. Adults without type 2 diabetes were matched (1:1) to those with type 2 diabetes by sex, age, index year, and the annual number of medical consultations (index date: a randomly selected visit date). The association between type 2 diabetes and the 10-year incidence of CLBP was analyzed in conditional Cox regression models adjusted for a wide range of comorbidities, including hypertension, lipid metabolism disorders, and obesity. RESULTS There were 139 002 individuals included in this study (women: 58.0%; mean (SD) age 62.5 (13.4) years). There was a positive association between type 2 diabetes and the incidence of CLBP in the overall sample (HR=1.23, 95% CI: 1.13 to 1.35). Sex-stratified analyses showed a higher risk of CLBP in women (HR=1.68, 95% CI: 1.43 to 1.90) and a lower risk in men with than in their counterparts without type 2 diabetes (HR=0.83, 95% CI: 0.71 to 0.97). CONCLUSIONS Newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes was associated with an increased risk of CLBP. There were important sex differences in the type 2 diabetes-CLBP relationship, and more research is warranted to investigate the underlying factors explaining these differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louis Jacob
- Research and Development Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France
| | - Wolfgang Rathmann
- German Diabetes Center, Institute for Biometrics and Epidemiology, Leibniz Institute for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Ai Koyanagi
- Research and Development Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Maria Haro
- Research and Development Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain
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Islam MJ, Broidy L, Mazerolle P, Baird K, Mazumder N. Exploring Intimate Partner Violence Before, During, and After Pregnancy in Bangladesh. JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE 2021; 36:3584-3612. [PMID: 29792129 DOI: 10.1177/0886260518775753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Intimate partner violence (IPV) against pregnant or postpartum women is known to have multiple detrimental effects on women and their children. Although results from past research suggest much continuity in trajectories of IPV, it is unclear whether pregnancy interrupts or augments these patterns. Little is known about how physical, sexual, and psychological IPV change and overlap throughout a woman's transition to parenthood. Relying on population-based data, this study examines the prevalence, co-occurring nature, and the changing patterns of physical, sexual, and psychological IPV before, during, and after pregnancy in Bangladesh. Cross-sectional survey data were collected between October 2015 and January 2016 in the Chandpur District of Bangladesh from 426 new mothers, aged 15 to 49 years, who were in the first 6 months postpartum. IPV was assessed with a validated set of survey items. The frequencies of different types of IPV victimization according to the period of occurrence were calculated separately and in a cumulative, co-occurring manner. The prevalence of physical IPV before, during, and after pregnancy was 52.8%, 35.2%, and 32.2%, respectively. The comparative figures for psychological IPV were 67.4%, 65%, and 60.8%, and for sexual IPV were 21.1%, 18.5%, and 15.5%, respectively. The results demonstrate a notable continuity in IPV victimization before, during, and after pregnancy. Psychological IPV is the only type to exhibit a significant reduction during and after pregnancy, compared with before pregnancy, but it commonly overlaps with physical IPV, which shows a significant change during pregnancy and little change in the postpartum period. At the same time, pregnancy and childbirth offer little protection against IPV for women in relationships characterized by psychological or sexual victimization, both of which commonly overlap with physical IPV. Results reinforce the need to conduct routine screening during pregnancy to identify women with a history of IPV and to offer necessary help and support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Jahirul Islam
- Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Bangladesh Planning Commission, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Lisa Broidy
- Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, USA
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Silva E Silva V, Schirmer J, Roza BD, de Oliveira PC, Dhanani S, Almost J, Schafer M, Tranmer J. Defining Quality Criteria for Success in Organ Donation Programs: A Scoping Review. Can J Kidney Health Dis 2021; 8:2054358121992921. [PMID: 33680483 PMCID: PMC7897821 DOI: 10.1177/2054358121992921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Well-established performance measures for organ donation programs do not fully address the complexity and multifactorial nature of organ donation programs such as the influence of relationships and organizational attributes. Objective To synthesize the current evidence on key organizational attributes and processes of international organ donation programs associated with successful outcomes and to generate a framework to categorize those attributes. Design Scoping Review using a mixed methods approach for data extraction. Setting Databases included PubMed, CINAHL, Embase, LILACS, ABI Business ProQuest, Business Source Premier, and gray literature (organ donation association websites, Google Scholar-first 8 pages), and searches for gray literature were performed, and relevant websites were perused. Sample Organ donation programs or processes. Methods We systematically searched the literature to identify any research design, including text and opinion papers and unpublished material (research data, reports, institutional protocols, government documents, etc). Searches were completed on January 2018, updated it in May 2019, and lastly in March 2020. Title, abstracts, and full texts were screened independently by 2 reviewers with disagreements resolved by a third. Data extraction followed a mixed method approach in which we extracted specific details about study characteristics such as type of research, year of publication, origin/country of study, type of journal published, and key findings. Studies included considered definitions and descriptions of success in organ donation programs in any country by considering studies that described (1) attributes associated with success or effectiveness, (2) organ donation processes, (3) quality improvement initiatives, (4) definitions of organ donation program effectiveness, (5) evidence-based practices in organ donation, and (6) improvements or success in such programs. We tabulated the type and frequency of the presence or absence of reported improvement quality indicators and used a qualitative thematic analysis approach to synthesize results. Results A total of 84 articles were included. Quantitative analysis identified that most of the included articles originated from the United States (n = 32, 38%), used quantitative approaches (n = 46, 55%), and were published in transplant journals (n = 34, 40.5%). Qualitative analysis revealed 16 categories that were described as positively influencing success/effectiveness of organ donation programs. Our thematic analysis identified 16 attributes across the 84 articles, which were grouped into 3 categories influencing organ donation programs' success: context (n = 39, 46%), process (n = 48, 57%), and structural (n = 59, 70%). Limitations Consistent with scoping review methodology, the methodological quality of included studies was not assessed. Conclusions This scoping review identified a number of factors that led to successful outcomes. However, those factors were rarely studied in combination representing a gap in the literature. Therefore, we suggest the development and reporting of primary research investigating and measuring those attributes associated with the performance of organ donation programs holistically. Trial Registration Not applicable.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Sonny Dhanani
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Joan Almost
- School of Nursing, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Markus Schafer
- Department of Sociology, University of Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Joan Tranmer
- School of Nursing, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
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Saraiva S, Bachmann M, Andrade M, Liria A. Bridging the mental health treatment gap: effects of a collaborative care intervention (matrix support) in the detection and treatment of mental disorders in a Brazilian city. Fam Med Community Health 2020; 8:fmch-2019-000263. [PMID: 32958519 PMCID: PMC7507894 DOI: 10.1136/fmch-2019-000263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To analyse temporal trends in diagnosis and treatment of mental disorders in primary care following implementation of a collaborative care intervention (matrix support). Design Dynamic cohort design with retrospective time-series analysis. Structured secondary data on medical visits to general practitioners of all study clinics were extracted from the municipal electronic records database. Annual changes in the odds of mental disorders diagnoses and antidepressants prescriptions were estimated by multiple logistic regression at visit and patient-year levels with diagnoses or prescriptions as outcomes. Annual changes during two distinct stages of the intervention (stage 1 when it was restricted to mental health (2005–2009), and stage 2 when it was expanded to other areas (2010–2015)) were compared by adding year–period interaction terms to each model. Setting 49 primary care clinics in the city of Florianópolis, Brazil. Participants All adults attending primary care clinics of the study setting between 2005 and 2015. Results 3 131 983 visits representing 322 100 patients were analysed. At visit level, the odds of mental disorder diagnosis increased by 13% per year during stage 1 (OR 1.13, 95% CI 1.11 to 1.14, p<0.001) and decreased by 5% thereafter (OR 0.95, 95% CI 0.94 to 0.95, p<0.001). The odds of incident mental disorder diagnoses decreased by 1% per year during stage 1 (OR 0.99, 95% CI 0.98 to 1.00, p=0.012) and decreased by 7% per year during stage 2 (OR 0.93, 95% CI 0.92 to 0.93, p<0.001). The odds of antidepressant prescriptions in patients with a mental disorder diagnosis increased by 7% per year during stage 1 (OR 1.07, 95% CI 1.05 to 1.20, p<0.001); this was driven by selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor prescriptions which increased 14% per year during stage 1 (OR 1.14, 95% CI 1.12 to 1.18, p<0.001) and 9% during stage 2 (OR 1.09, 95% CI 1.08 to 1.10, p<0.001). The odds of incident antidepressant prescriptions did not increase during stage 1 (OR 1.00, 95% CI 0.97 to 1.02, p=0.665) and increased by 3% during stage 2 (OR 1.03, 95% CI 1.00 to 1.04, p<0.001). Changes per year were all significantly greater during stage 1 than stage 2 (p values for interaction terms <0.05), except for antidepressant prescriptions during visits (p=0.172). Conclusion The matrix support intervention may increase diagnosis and treatment of mental disorders when inter-professional collaboration is adequately supported. Competing demands to the primary care teams can subsequently reduce these effects. Future studies should assess clinical outcomes and identify active components and factors associated with successful implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Saraiva
- Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Max Bachmann
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, Norfolk, UK
| | - Matheus Andrade
- Secretaria Municipal de Saúde (Municipal Health Department), Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Alberto Liria
- Departamento de Especialidades Médicas, Facultad de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
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Baraldi NG, Lettiere-Viana A, Carlos DM, Salim NR, Pimentel DTR, Stefanello J. The meaning of the social support network for women in situations of violence and breastfeeding. Rev Lat Am Enfermagem 2020; 28:e3316. [PMID: 32696921 PMCID: PMC7365605 DOI: 10.1590/1518-8345.3313.3316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: to understand the meanings attributed to the social support network of women
breastfeeding and in situations of violence by an intimate partner. Method: a qualitative study, carried out with 21 women, through semi-structured
interviews and data analyzed by the Method of Interpretation of the Senses
in the light of the conceptual framework of Social Support Network. Results: all women suffered violence by the partner in the puerperium and only one of
them maintained exclusive breastfeeding until 180 days postpartum. In the
analysis, the category entitled “The action of the social support network in
the face of breastfeeding in the context of intimate partner violence”
emerged, with two subcategories: “Interpersonal support network” and
“Institutional support network”. In the interpersonal network, the partner
was little mentioned, on the other hand, there was a greater participation
of other women. In the institutional network, non-resolution and actions
centered on biological character were evident. Conclusions: the search for help in the interpersonal network stood out in comparison to
the institutional network, both with regard to the issue of violence and
breastfeeding and the actions related to it, mostly ineffective,
characterized by counseling and referrals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nayara Girardi Baraldi
- Escola de Artes, Ciências e Humanidades, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Angelina Lettiere-Viana
- PAHO/WHO Collaborating Centre at the Nursing Research Development, Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Diene Monique Carlos
- Departamento de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Natália Rejane Salim
- Departamento de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Daniela Taysa Rodrigues Pimentel
- PAHO/WHO Collaborating Centre at the Nursing Research Development, Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Juliana Stefanello
- PAHO/WHO Collaborating Centre at the Nursing Research Development, Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
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Gubi D, Nansubuga E, Wandera SO. Correlates of intimate partner violence among married women in Uganda: a cross-sectional survey. BMC Public Health 2020; 20:1008. [PMID: 32586297 PMCID: PMC7318470 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-020-09123-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In Uganda, just like in many sub-Saharan countries, studies on Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) among married women are limited. The aim of this paper was to determine the correlates of emotional, sexual, physical IPV and any form of IPV among married women in Uganda. METHODS The 2016 Uganda Demographic and Health Survey (UDHS) data was used, and a weighted sample of 6879 married women were selected from the Domestic Violence module. Frequency distributions were used to describe the characteristics of respondents. Chi-square tests were used to establish the association between IPV and the explanatory variables. Binary logistic regressions were used to establish the factors that were associated with IPV among married women in Uganda. RESULTS More than half (56%) of the married women experienced some form of IPV. Sexual IPV was the least prevalent (23%) and 4 in 10 women (41 and 40%) experienced physical and emotional IPV, respectively. Factors associated with all the different forms of IPV included, age, region, witnessing parental violence, partner's controlling behaviors, duration of the relationship, and frequency of intoxication of the male partner. CONCLUSION IPV among Ugandan married women is far too common. This calls for collective efforts to reduce IPV in Uganda by addressing excessive alcohol consumption, controlling behaviors, and lack of awareness of the issue. Interventions aimed at preventing perpetration and tolerance of violence in the home settings should be promoted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derrick Gubi
- Department of Population Studies, School of Statistics and Planning, College of Business and Management Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Elizabeth Nansubuga
- Department of Population Studies, School of Statistics and Planning, College of Business and Management Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Stephen Ojiambo Wandera
- Department of Population Studies, School of Statistics and Planning, College of Business and Management Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
- Department of Demography & Population Studies, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
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15
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Alshehri MA, Alzahrani H, Alotaibi M, Alhowimel A, Khoja O. Physiotherapists' pain attitudes and beliefs towards chronic low back pain and their association with treatment selection: a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open 2020; 10:e037159. [PMID: 32571864 PMCID: PMC7311013 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-037159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The main aim of this study was to investigate physiotherapists' pain attitudes and beliefs towardss non-specific chronic low back pain (NSCLBP) and identify whether they are associated with treatment selection. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING Saudi Arabia (SA). PARTICIPANTS An online survey was distributed to physiotherapists from April 2018 to January 2019. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES: (1) Biomedical and biopsychosocial treatment orientations were assessed using the Pain Attitudes and Beliefs Scale for Physiotherapists. (2) Frequent potential treatments used by physiotherapists for individuals with NSCLBP were identified through a 20-item survey. (3) The association between physiotherapists' pain attitudes and beliefs and treatment selection was investigated. Descriptive analysis, Pearson's correlation and multinomial logistic regression were used to analyse the data using SPSS (V.26). RESULTS A total of 304 responses were included in the analysis. The biomedical (34.45±7.84) and biopsychosocial (31.74±5.67) treatment orientations were relatively low. The most frequent treatments used by physiotherapists were home exercises (87.1%), patient education (82.0%), specific back exercises (80.6%), electrotherapy (61.9%), soft tissue release (58.8%) and spinal mobilisation or manipulation (57.8%). Physiotherapists with a stronger biomedical treatment orientation were more likely to use treatments (p<0.05) such as specific back exercises, electrotherapy, soft tissue release, hydrotherapy, massage, lumbar supports and acupuncture. However, physiotherapists with a stronger biopsychosocial treatment orientation were more likely to use cognitive functional therapy (p<0.01). CONCLUSIONS Biomedical and biopsychosocial treatment orientations were relatively low among physiotherapists in SA. Although treatments such as home exercises and patient education were frequently used, some passive and traditional treatments not recommended by clinical practice guidelines continue to be commonly used by physiotherapists in SA. This study has confirmed that physiotherapists' pain attitudes and beliefs are significantly associated with treatment selection when managing individuals with NSCLBP. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER Researchregistry3944.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mansour Abdullah Alshehri
- Physiotherapy Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Mecca, Saudi Arabia
- NHMRC Centre of Clinical Research Excellence in Spinal Pain, Injury and Health, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Hosam Alzahrani
- Department of Physiotherapy, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mazyad Alotaibi
- Department of Physical Therapy and Health Rehabilitation, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Alhowimel
- Department of Physical Therapy and Health Rehabilitation, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omar Khoja
- Physiotherapy Department, Medical Rehabilitation Hospital, Medina, Saudi Arabia
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16
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Tondinelli M, Galdino MJQ, de Carvalho MDB, Dessunti EM, Pissinati PC, Barreto MFC, Gois RSS, Haddad MFL. Organ and Tissue Donations for Transplants in the Macroregional North of Paraná, Brazil. Transplant Proc 2018; 50:3095-3099. [PMID: 30577172 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2018.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few studies have analyzed the results of the organ and tissue donation process for transplants. OBJECTIVES To analyze donations of organs and tissues for transplants in the Macroregional North of Paraná. MATERIAL AND METHODS Cross-sectional and retrospective study, using data from 7383 death certificates of eligible donors notified in 2015 by 16 hospitals accredited to the Organ Procurement Organization. The data were analyzed using the prevalence ratio (PR) and the Wald test. RESULTS Among the 934 eligible donors, the prevalence of effective donations was 23.4% (219) Among the 582 organs and tissues donated, corneas were predominant. Organs became available for donation from younger individuals (PR = 0.992), due to brain death (PR = 2.482), notified by the type III Intra-Hospital Organ and Tissue Donation Commissions for Transplants (PR = 2.016), which took place in intensive care units (PR = 1.471). The relatives interviewed were the partners and/or children (PR = 0.469), and the interviews were held by the nurse (PR = 1.324). CONCLUSION Effective donations were able to take place through proper organizational structure and trained human resources, highlighting the role of the nurse in the optimization of the organ and tissue donation process for transplants.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Tondinelli
- Intra-Hospital Organ and Tissue Donation Commission for Transplants, Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Cornélio Procópio, Paraná, Brazil; Teaching and Research Group in Nursing Service Management, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - M J Q Galdino
- Teaching and Research Group in Nursing Service Management, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Paraná, Brazil; Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Paraná, Brazil; Nursing Department, Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná, Bandeirantes, Paraná, Brazil
| | - M D B de Carvalho
- Department of Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - E M Dessunti
- Nursing Department, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - P C Pissinati
- Teaching and Research Group in Nursing Service Management, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Paraná, Brazil; Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - M F C Barreto
- Teaching and Research Group in Nursing Service Management, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Paraná, Brazil; Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - R S S Gois
- Teaching and Research Group in Nursing Service Management, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Paraná, Brazil; Organ Procurement Organization, State of Paraná Health Department, Brazil
| | - M F L Haddad
- Teaching and Research Group in Nursing Service Management, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Paraná, Brazil; Nursing Department, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
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17
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Wagman JA, Donta B, Ritter J, Naik DD, Nair S, Saggurti N, Raj A, Silverman JG. Husband's Alcohol Use, Intimate Partner Violence, and Family Maltreatment of Low-Income Postpartum Women in Mumbai, India. JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE 2018; 33:2241-2267. [PMID: 26802047 PMCID: PMC6886467 DOI: 10.1177/0886260515624235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Husbands' alcohol use has been associated with family-level stress and intimate partner violence (IPV) against women in India. Joint family systems are common in India and IPV often co-occurs with non-violent family maltreatment of wives (e.g., nutritional deprivation, deprivation of sleep, blocking access to health care). Alcohol use increases for some parents following the birth of a child. This study examined 1,038 postpartum women's reports of their husbands' alcohol use and their own experiences of IPV (by husband) and non-violent maltreatment from husbands and/or in-laws. We analyzed cross-sectional, quantitative data collected in 2008, from women (ages 15-35) seeking immunizations for their infants <6 months at three large urban health centers in Mumbai, India. Crude and adjusted logistic regression models estimated associations between the independent variable (husbands' past month use of alcohol) and two dependent variables (postpartum IPV and maltreatment). Overall, 15% of husbands used alcohol, ranging from daily drinkers (10%) to those who drank one to two times per week (54%). Prevalence of postpartum IPV and family maltreatment was 18% and 42%, respectively. Prevalence of IPV among women married to alcohol users was 27%. Most abused women's husbands always (27%) or sometimes (37%) drank during violent episodes. Risk for IPV increased with a man's increasing frequency of consumption. Women who lived with a husband who drank alcohol, relative to non-drinkers, were more likely to report postpartum IPV, aOR = 2.0, 95% confidence interval (CI) = [1.3, 3.1]. Husbands' drinking was marginally associated with increased risk for family maltreatment, aOR = 1.4, 95% CI = [1.0, 2.1]. Our findings suggest that men's alcohol use is an important risk factor for postpartum IPV and maltreatment. Targeted services for Indian women contending with these issues are implicated. Postpartum care offers an ideal opportunity to screen for IPV, household maltreatment, and other health risks, such as husband's use of alcohol. There is need to scale up proven successful interventions for reducing men's alcohol use and design strategies that provide at-risk women protection from alcohol-related IPV.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Balaiah Donta
- National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, Indian Council of Medical Research, Mumbai, India
| | | | - D. D. Naik
- National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, Indian Council of Medical Research, Mumbai, India
| | - Saritha Nair
- National Institute of Medical Statistics, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Anita Raj
- University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
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Marcacine KO, Abuchaim EDSV, Jardini L, Coca KP, Abrão ACFDV. Intimate partner violence among postpartum women: associated factors. Rev Bras Enferm 2018; 71:1306-1312. [DOI: 10.1590/0034-7167-2016-0643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Objective: To identify the profile and assess the self-esteem of postpartum women, to characterize their babies and partners, and to verify the association of these characteristics with the occurrence of intimate partner violence (IPV). Method: Cross-sectional study with 207 postpartum women assisted in a public clinic. Results: There was no statistic correlation among the sociodemographic variables, personal and obstetric characteristics with the occurrence of IPV. The postpartum women who showed low self-esteem presented a higher exposure risk to IPV (p<0.01; OR=2.01 and CI 95% [1.40-2.87]). The mothers of the babies that were born with low weight (less than 2,500 g) had almost twice the chances of suffering violence (p<0.05; OR=1.74 and CI 95% [1.00-3.03]). The women whose partners did not consume alcohol presented a lower probability to be exposed to IPV (p<0.05; OR=0.182 and CI 95% [0.03-0.93]). Conclusion: Women's low self-esteem, babies' inappropriate weight and consumption of alcohol by partners were correlated to the occurrence of IPV.
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Velonis AJ, O'Campo P, Kaufman-Shriqui V, Kenny K, Schafer P, Vance M, Dunkel Schetter C, Hillemeier MM, Lanzi R, Chinchilli VM, for the Community Child Health Netw. The Impact of Prenatal and Postpartum Partner Violence on Maternal Mental Health: Results from the Community Child Health Network Multisite Study. J Womens Health (Larchmt) 2017. [DOI: 10.1089/jwh.2016.6129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Alisa J. Velonis
- Community Health Sciences Division, Center of Excellence in Maternal and Child Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, School of Public Health, Chicago, Illinois
- Centre for Urban Health Solutions, The Keenan Research Centre, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Patricia O'Campo
- Centre for Urban Health Solutions, The Keenan Research Centre, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Vered Kaufman-Shriqui
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
| | - Kathleen Kenny
- Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Peter Schafer
- The New York Academy of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Maxine Vance
- The New York Academy of Medicine, New York, New York
| | | | - Marianne M. Hillemeier
- Department of Health Policy and Administration, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania
| | - Robin Lanzi
- Department of Health Behavior, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Vernon M. Chinchilli
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
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Bernardino ÍM, Barbosa KGN, Nóbrega LM, Cavalcante GMS, Ferreira EFE, d'Ávila S. Interpersonal violence, circumstances of aggressions and patterns of maxillofacial injuries in the metropolitan area of Campina Grande, State of Paraíba, Brazil (2008-2011). CIENCIA & SAUDE COLETIVA 2017; 22:3033-3044. [PMID: 28954154 DOI: 10.1590/1413-81232017229.09852016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Accepted: 04/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the circumstances of aggressions and patterns of maxillofacial injuries among victims of interpersonal violence. This was a cross-sectional and exploratory study conducted from the analysis of 7,132 medical-legal and social records of interpersonal violence victims seen in a Forensic Medicine and Dentistry Center. Descriptive and multivariate statistics were performed using Multiple Correspondence Analysis. Three groups with different victimization profiles were identified. The first group was mainly composed of men of different age groups, victims of community violence that resulted in facial bones or dentoalveolar fracture. The second group was mainly composed of adolescents (10-19 years) of both sexes, victims of interpersonal violence and without specific pattern of injuries. The third group was composed of adult women (≥ 20 years) victims of domestic violence that resulted in injuries of soft tissues of face or other body regions. The results suggest that sociodemographic and circumstantial characteristics are important factors in victimization by maxillofacial injuries and interpersonal violence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ítalo Macedo Bernardino
- Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba. R. Baraúnas, Universitário. 58429-500 Campina Grande PB Brasil.
| | | | - Lorena Marques Nóbrega
- Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba. R. Baraúnas, Universitário. 58429-500 Campina Grande PB Brasil.
| | | | | | - Sérgio d'Ávila
- Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba. R. Baraúnas, Universitário. 58429-500 Campina Grande PB Brasil.
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Moraes CLD, Oliveira AGESD, Reichenheim ME, Gama SGND, Leal MDC. Prevalence of physical intimate partner violence in the first six months after childbirth in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. CAD SAUDE PUBLICA 2017; 33:e00141116. [PMID: 28832785 DOI: 10.1590/0102-311x00141116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 10/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to estimate the prevalence of physical intimate partner violence in the first six months after childbirth among women attending primary care clinics (UBS) for the infant's follow-up in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. This is the first study on the theme using a representative sample of primary care clinics in the city of Rio de Janeiro. The study used a cross-sectional design from June to September 2007 and included 927 mothers/infants seen at 27 UBS, selected by complex sampling, geographically representative of the city. The information was collected in face-to-face interviews by a previously trained team, using a structured questionnaire. History of physical intimate partner violence from the child's birth to the date of the interview was obtained with the Brazilian version of the Revised Conflict Tactics Scales (CTS2). Thirty percent (95%CI: 26.2-33.8) of mothers reported having experienced some form of physical intimate partner violence in the postpartum and 14% (95%CI: 11.0-17.0) reported severe physical violence. The physical abuse occurred especially among black teenage mothres, in unfavorable socioeconomic situation, that did not live with the partner and that had received inadequate or no prenatal care and reported difficulties in breastfeeding and use of healthcare services. The widespread occurrence of physical intimate partner violence emphasizes the urgent need to deal with the problem. Primary healthcare services must be linked to other support networks and health professionals need to be prepared to deal with the problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Leite de Moraes
- Instituto de Medicina Social, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | | | | | | | - Maria do Carmo Leal
- Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sergio Arouca, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
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Mendonça RDD, Lopes ACS, Pimenta AM, Gea A, Martinez-Gonzalez MA, Bes-Rastrollo M. Ultra-Processed Food Consumption and the Incidence of Hypertension in a Mediterranean Cohort: The Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra Project. Am J Hypertens 2017; 30:358-366. [PMID: 27927627 DOI: 10.1093/ajh/hpw137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Accepted: 10/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Some available evidence suggests that high consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPFs) is associated with a higher risk of obesity. Collectively, this association and the nutritional characteristics of UPFs suggest that UPFs might also be associated with hypertension. METHODS We prospectively evaluated the relationship between UPF consumption and the risk of hypertension in a prospective Spanish cohort, the Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra project. We included 14,790 Spanish adult university graduates who were initially free of hypertension at baseline who were followed for a mean of 9.1 years (SD, 3.9 years; total person-years: 134,784). UPF (industrial formulations of chemical compounds which, beyond substances of common culinary use such as salt, sugar, oils, and fats, include substances also derived from foods but not used in culinary preparations) consumption was assessed using a validated semi-quantitative 136-item food-frequency questionnaire. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for hypertension incidence. RESULTS During follow-up, 1,702 incident cases of hypertension were identified. Participants in the highest tertile of UPF consumption had a higher risk of developing hypertension (adjusted HR, 1.21; 95% CI, 1.06, 1.37; P for trend = 0.004) than those in the lowest tertile after adjusting for potential confounders. CONCLUSIONS In this large prospective cohort of Spanish middle-aged adult university graduates, a positive association between UPF consumption and hypertension risk was observed. Additional longitudinal studies are needed to confirm our results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel de Deus Mendonça
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Departament of Nutrition, School of Nursing, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
- CAPES Foundation, Ministry of Education of Brazil, Brasília, Brazil
| | | | - Adriano Marçal Pimenta
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Maternal-Child Nursing and Public Health, School of Nursing, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Alfredo Gea
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Navarra's Health Research Institute (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Center Network on Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Angel Martinez-Gonzalez
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Navarra's Health Research Institute (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Center Network on Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, USA
| | - Maira Bes-Rastrollo
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Navarra's Health Research Institute (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Center Network on Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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Mahenge B, Stöckl H, Abubakari A, Mbwambo J, Jahn A. Physical, Sexual, Emotional and Economic Intimate Partner Violence and Controlling Behaviors during Pregnancy and Postpartum among Women in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0164376. [PMID: 27755559 PMCID: PMC5068783 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0164376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Accepted: 09/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Intimate partner violence (IPV) during pregnancy and postpartum is a serious global health problem affecting millions of women worldwide. This study sought to determine the prevalence of different forms of IPV during pregnancy and postpartum and associated factors among women in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study among 500 women at one to nine months postpartum in three health facilities in the three districts of Dar es Salaam: Temeke, Kinondoni and Illala. Two trained research assistants administered the questionnaire, which aimed to examine sociodemographic characteristics and different forms of IPV. Results Of the 500 women who were interviewed, 18.8% experienced some physical and/or sexual violence during pregnancy. Forty-one women (9%) reported having experienced some physical and/or sexual violence at one to nine months postpartum. Physical and/or sexual IPV during pregnancy was associated with cohabiting (AOR 2.2, 95% CI 1.24–4.03) and having a partner who was 25 years old or younger (AOR 2.7, 95% CI 1.08–6.71). Postpartum, physical and/or sexual IPV was associated with having a partner who was 25 years old or younger (AOR 4.4, 95% CI 1.24–15.6). Conclusion We found that IPV is more prevalent during pregnancy than during the postpartum phase. There is also continuity and maintenance of IPV during and after pregnancy. These results call for policy and interventions to be tailored for pregnant and postpartum women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bathsheba Mahenge
- University of Dodoma, Department of Psychology, Dodoma, Tanzania
- Institute of Public Health, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Heidi Stöckl
- Department of Global Health and Development, Faculty of Public Health and Policy, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Abdulai Abubakari
- University for Development Studies, School of Allied Health Sciences, Community Nutrition Department, Tamale, Ghana
| | - Jessie Mbwambo
- Department of Psychiatry, Muhimbili National Hospital, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Albrecht Jahn
- Institute of Public Health, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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24
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Telles LEDB, Barros AJ, Moreira CG, Almeida MR, Telles MDB, Day VP. Intimate partner violence during pregnancy: case report of a forensic psychiatric evaluation. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE PSIQUIATRIA (SAO PAULO, BRAZIL : 1999) 2016; 38:87-8. [PMID: 27111705 PMCID: PMC7115473 DOI: 10.1590/1516-4446-2015-1820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2015] [Accepted: 10/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lisieux E de B Telles
- Departamento de Psiquiatria, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Alcina J Barros
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psiquiatria, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Caroline G Moreira
- Programa de Residência em Psiquiatria Forense, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Mariana R Almeida
- Programa de Residência em Psiquiatria Forense, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Mateus de B Telles
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Vivian P Day
- Centro de Estudos Luís Guedes, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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