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Kushida Y, Oguma Y, Abe K, Deguchi T, Barbera FG, Nishimura N, Fujioka K, Iwatani S, Dezawa M. Human post-implantation blastocyst-like characteristics of Muse cells isolated from human umbilical cord. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:297. [PMID: 38992309 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-024-05339-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
Muse cells, identified as cells positive for the pluripotent surface marker SSEA-3, are pluripotent-like endogenous stem cells located in the bone marrow (BM), peripheral blood, and organ connective tissues. The detailed characteristics of SSEA-3(+) cells in extraembryonic tissue, however, are unknown. Here, we demonstrated that similar to human-adult tissue-Muse cells collected from the BM, adipose tissue, and dermis as SSEA-3(+), human-umbilical cord (UC)-SSEA-3(+) cells express pluripotency markers, differentiate into triploblastic-lineage cells at a single cell level, migrate to damaged tissue, and exhibit low telomerase activity and non-tumorigenicity. Notably, ~ 20% of human-UC-SSEA-3(+) cells were negative for X-inactive specific transcript (XIST), a naïve pluripotent stem cell characteristic, whereas all human adult tissue-Muse cells are XIST-positive. Single-cell RNA sequencing revealed that the gene expression profile of human-UC-SSEA-3(+) cells was more similar to that of human post-implantation blastocysts than human-adult tissue-Muse cells. The DNA methylation level showed the same trend, and notably, the methylation levels in genes particularly related to differentiation were lower in human-UC-SSEA-3(+) cells than in human-adult tissue-Muse cells. Furthermore, human-UC-SSEA-3(+) cells newly express markers specific to extraembryonic-, germline-, and hematopoietic-lineages after differentiation induction in vitro whereas human-adult tissue-Muse cells respond only partially to the induction. Among various stem/progenitor cells in living bodies, those that exhibit properties similar to post-implantation blastocysts in a naïve state have not yet been found in humans. Easily accessible human-UC-SSEA-3(+) cells may be a valuable tool for studying early-stage human development and human reproductive medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiro Kushida
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Histology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-Machi, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan.
| | - Yo Oguma
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Histology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-Machi, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Kana Abe
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Histology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-Machi, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Taichi Deguchi
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Histology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-Machi, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Federico Girolamo Barbera
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Histology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-Machi, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Nishimura
- Department of Public Health, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Science, Kobe, Japan
| | - Kazumichi Fujioka
- Department of Pediatrics, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Sota Iwatani
- Department of Neonatology, Hyogo Prefectural Kobe Children's Hospital, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Mari Dezawa
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Histology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-Machi, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan.
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Que H, Mai E, Hu Y, Li H, Zheng W, Jiang Y, Han F, Li X, Gong P, Gu J. Multilineage-differentiating stress-enduring cells: a powerful tool for tissue damage repair. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1380785. [PMID: 38872932 PMCID: PMC11169632 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1380785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Multilineage-differentiating stress-enduring (Muse) cells are a type of pluripotent cell with unique characteristics such as non-tumorigenic and pluripotent differentiation ability. After homing, Muse cells spontaneously differentiate into tissue component cells and supplement damaged/lost cells to participate in tissue repair. Importantly, Muse cells can survive in injured tissue for an extended period, stabilizing and promoting tissue repair. In addition, it has been confirmed that injection of exogenous Muse cells exerts anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptosis, anti-fibrosis, immunomodulatory, and paracrine protective effects in vivo. The discovery of Muse cells is an important breakthrough in the field of regenerative medicine. The article provides a comprehensive review of the characteristics, sources, and potential mechanisms of Muse cells for tissue repair and regeneration. This review serves as a foundation for the further utilization of Muse cells as a key clinical tool in regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Puyang Gong
- College of Pharmacy, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jian Gu
- College of Pharmacy, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
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Win KHN, Kushida Y, Yamana K, Iwatani S, Yoshida M, Nino N, Mon CY, Ohsaki H, Kamoshida S, Fujioka K, Dezawa M, Nishimura N. Human Muse cells isolated from preterm- and term-umbilical cord delivered therapeutic effects in rat bleomycin-induced lung injury model without immunosuppressant. Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 15:147. [PMID: 38773627 PMCID: PMC11110192 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-024-03763-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bleomycin (BLM)-induced lung injury is characterized by mixed histopathologic changes with inflammation and fibrosis, such as observed in human patients with bronchopulmonary dysplasia, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Although no curative therapies for these lung diseases exist, stem cell therapy has emerged as a potential therapeutic option. Multilineage-differentiating stress-enduring (Muse) cells are endogenous pluripotent- and macrophage-like stem cells distributed in various adult and fetal tissues as stage-specific embryonic antigen-3-positive cells. They selectively home to damaged tissue by sensing sphingosine-1-phosphate and replace the damaged/apoptotic cells by in vivo differentiation. Clinical trials for some human diseases suggest the safety and therapeutic efficacy of intravenously injected human leukocyte antigen-mismatched allogenic Muse cells from adult bone marrow (BM) without immunosuppressant. Here, we evaluated the therapeutic effects of human Muse cells from preterm and term umbilical cord (UC), and adult BM in a rat BLM-induced lung injury model. METHODS Rats were endotracheally administered BLM to induce lung injury on day 0. On day 3, human preterm UC-Muse, term UC-Muse, or adult BM-Muse cells were administered intravenously without immunosuppressants, and rats were subjected to histopathologic analysis on day 21. Body weight, serum surfactant protein D (SP-D) levels, and oxygen saturation (SpO2) were monitored. Histopathologic lung injury scoring by the Ashcroft and modified American Thoracic Society document scales, quantitative characterization of engrafted Muse cells, RNA sequencing analysis, and in vitro migration assay of infused Muse cells were performed. RESULTS Rats administered preterm- and term-UC-Muse cells exhibited a significantly better recovery based on weight loss, serum SP-D levels, SpO2, and histopathologic lung injury scores, and a significantly higher rate of both Muse cell homing to the lung and alveolar marker expression (podoplanin and prosurfactant protein-C) than rats administered BM-Muse cells. Rats receiving preterm-UC-Muse cells showed statistically superior results to those receiving term-UC-Muse cells in many of the measures. These findings are thought to be due to higher expression of genes related to cell migration, lung differentiation, and cell adhesion. CONCLUSION Preterm UC-Muse cells deliver more efficient therapeutic effects than term UC- and BM-Muse cells for treating BLM-induced lung injury in a rat model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaung Htet Nay Win
- Department of Public Health, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Science, 7-10-2 Tomogaoka, Suma-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 654-0142, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Kushida
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Histology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1, Seiryo-Machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Keiji Yamana
- Department of Pediatrics, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Sota Iwatani
- Department of Neonatology, Kobe Children's Hospital, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Makiko Yoshida
- Department of Pathology, Kobe Children's Hospital, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Nanako Nino
- Department of Pediatrics, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Cho Yee Mon
- Department of Public Health, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Science, 7-10-2 Tomogaoka, Suma-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 654-0142, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Ohsaki
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Science, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Shingo Kamoshida
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Science, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Kazumichi Fujioka
- Department of Pediatrics, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Mari Dezawa
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Histology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1, Seiryo-Machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan.
| | - Noriyuki Nishimura
- Department of Public Health, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Science, 7-10-2 Tomogaoka, Suma-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 654-0142, Japan.
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Koyama J, Yamashita S, Kato Y, Nezu K, Goto T, Fujii S, Suzuki Y, Nakayashiki A, Kawasaki Y, Kawamorita N, Okita H, Ito T, Kushida Y, Goto M, Dezawa M, Tominaga T, Niizuma K, Ito A. Intravenously engrafted human multilineage-differentiating stress-enduring (Muse) cells rescue erectile function after rat cavernous nerve injury. BJU Int 2024; 133:332-340. [PMID: 37983592 DOI: 10.1111/bju.16232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of intravenous administration of human multilineage-differentiating stress-enduring (Muse) cells on rat postoperative erectile dysfunction (ED) with cavernous nerve (CN) injury without an immunosuppressant. MATERIALS AND METHODS Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomised into three groups after CN crush injury. Either human-Muse cells, non-Muse mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) (both 1.0 × 105 cells), or vehicle was infused intravenously at 3 h after CN injury without immunosuppressant. Erectile function was assessed by measuring intracavernous pressure (ICP) and arterial pressure (AP) during pelvic nerve electrostimulation 28 days after surgery. At 48 h and 28 days after intravenous infusion of Muse cells, the homing of Muse cells and non-Muse MSCs was evaluated in the major pelvic ganglion (MPG) after CN injury. In addition, expressions of C-X-C motif chemokine ligand (Cxcl12) and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (Gdnf) in the MPG were examined by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Statistical analyses and comparisons among groups were performed using one-way analysis of variance followed by the Tukey test for parametric data and Kruskal-Wallis test followed by the Dunn-Bonferroni test for non-parametric data. RESULTS The mean (SEM) ICP/AP values at 28 days were 0.51 (0.02) in the Muse cell group, 0.37 (0.03) in the non-Muse MSC group, and 0.36 (0.04) in the vehicle group, showing a significant positive response in the Muse cell group compared with the non-Muse and vehicle groups (P = 0.013 and P = 0.010, respectively). In the MPG, Muse cells were observed to be engrafted at 48 h and expressed Schwann cell markers S100 (~46%) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (~24%) at 28 days, while non-Muse MSCs were basically not engrafted at 48 h. Higher gene expression of Cxcl12 (P = 0.048) and Gdnf (P = 0.040) was found in the MPG of the Muse group than in the vehicle group 48 h after infusion. CONCLUSION Intravenously engrafted human Muse cells recovered rat erectile function after CN injury in a rat model possibly by upregulating Cxcl12 and Gdnf.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juntaro Koyama
- Department of Urology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Shinichi Yamashita
- Department of Urology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yuya Kato
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kunihisa Nezu
- Department of Urology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Takuro Goto
- Department of Urology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Shinji Fujii
- Department of Urology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yu Suzuki
- Department of Urology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Atsushi Nakayashiki
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yoshihide Kawasaki
- Department of Urology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Naoki Kawamorita
- Department of Urology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hitomi Okita
- Transplantation and Regenerative Medicine Center, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan
| | - Takako Ito
- Transplantation and Regenerative Medicine Center, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Kushida
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Histology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Masafumi Goto
- Division of Transplantation and Regenerative Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Mari Dezawa
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Histology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Teiji Tominaga
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kuniyasu Niizuma
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
- Research Division of Muse Cell Clinical Research, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan
- Department of Neurosurgical Engineering and Translational Neuroscience, Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
- Department of Neurosurgical Engineering and Translational Neuroscience, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Akihiro Ito
- Department of Urology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
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Li G, Wakao S, Kitada M, Dezawa M. Tumor suppressor let-7 acts as a key regulator for pluripotency gene expression in Muse cells. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:54. [PMID: 38261036 PMCID: PMC10805825 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-05089-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
In embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), the expression of an RNA-binding pluripotency-relevant protein, LIN28, and the absence of its antagonist, the tumor-suppressor microRNA (miRNA) let-7, play a key role in maintaining pluripotency. Muse cells are non-tumorigenic pluripotent-like stem cells residing in the bone marrow, peripheral blood, and organ connective tissues as pluripotent surface marker SSEA-3(+). They express pluripotency genes, differentiate into triploblastic-lineage cells, and self-renew at the single cell level. Muse cells do not express LIN28 but do express let-7 at higher levels than in iPSCs. In Muse cells, we demonstrated that let-7 inhibited the PI3K-AKT pathway, leading to sustainable expression of the key pluripotency regulator KLF4 as well as its downstream genes, POU5F1, SOX2, and NANOG. Let-7 also suppressed proliferation and glycolysis by inhibiting the PI3K-AKT pathway, suggesting its involvement in non-tumorigenicity. Furthermore, the MEK/ERK pathway is not controlled by let-7 and may have a pivotal role in maintaining self-renewal and suppression of senescence. The system found in Muse cells, in which the tumor suppressor let-7, but not LIN28, tunes the expression of pluripotency genes, might be a rational cell system conferring both pluripotency-like properties and a low risk for tumorigenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gen Li
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Histology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan.
| | - Shohei Wakao
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Histology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Masaaki Kitada
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Histology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan.
- Department of Anatomy, Kansai Medical University School of Medicine, 2-5-1 Shin-machi, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-1191, Japan.
| | - Mari Dezawa
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Histology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan.
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Takahashi Y, Kajitani T, Endo T, Nakayashiki A, Inoue T, Niizuma K, Tominaga T. Intravenous Administration of Human Muse Cells Ameliorates Deficits in a Rat Model of Subacute Spinal Cord Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14603. [PMID: 37834052 PMCID: PMC10572998 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Multilineage-differentiating stress-enduring (Muse) cells are newly established pluripotent stem cells. The aim of the present study was to examine the potential of the systemic administration of Muse cells as an effective treatment for subacute SCI. We intravenously administered the clinical product "CL2020" containing Muse cells to a rat model two weeks after mid-thoracic spinal cord contusion. Eight experimental animals received CL2020, and twelve received the vehicle. Behavioral analyses were conducted over 20 weeks. Histological evaluations were performed. After 20 weeks of observation, diphtheria toxin was administered to three CL2020-treated animals to selectively ablate human cell functions. Hindlimb motor functions significantly improved from 6 to 20 weeks after the administration of CL2020. The cystic cavity was smaller in the CL2020 group. Furthermore, larger numbers of descending 5-HT fibers were preserved in the distal spinal cord. Muse cells in CL2020 were considered to have differentiated into neuronal and neural cells in the injured spinal cord. Neuronal and neural cells were identified in the gray and white matter, respectively. Importantly, these effects were reversed by the selective ablation of human cells by diphtheria toxin. Intravenously administered Muse cells facilitated the therapeutic potential of CL2020 for severe subacute spinal cord injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiharu Takahashi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8572, Japan; (Y.T.); (A.N.)
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai 981-8558, Japan
| | - Takumi Kajitani
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8572, Japan; (Y.T.); (A.N.)
| | - Toshiki Endo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8572, Japan; (Y.T.); (A.N.)
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai 981-8558, Japan
| | - Atsushi Nakayashiki
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8572, Japan; (Y.T.); (A.N.)
| | - Tomoo Inoue
- Department of Neurosurgery, Saitama Red Cross Hospital, Saitama 330-8553, Japan;
| | - Kuniyasu Niizuma
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8572, Japan; (Y.T.); (A.N.)
- Department of Neurosurgical Engineering and Translational Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8576, Japan
- Department of Neurosurgical Engineering and Translational Neuroscience, Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8572, Japan
| | - Teiji Tominaga
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8572, Japan; (Y.T.); (A.N.)
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Ueda K, Sato Y, Shimizu S, Suzuki T, Onoda A, Miura R, Go S, Mimatsu H, Kitase Y, Yamashita Y, Irie K, Tsuji M, Mishima K, Mizuno M, Takahashi Y, Dezawa M, Hayakawa M. Systemic administration of clinical-grade multilineage-differentiating stress-enduring cells ameliorates hypoxic-ischemic brain injury in neonatal rats. Sci Rep 2023; 13:14958. [PMID: 37696826 PMCID: PMC10495445 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-41026-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Multilineage-differentiating stress-enduring (Muse) cells are endogenous reparative pluripotent stem cells present in the bone marrow, peripheral blood, and organ connective tissues. We assessed the homing and therapeutic effects of systemically administered nafimestrocel, a clinical-grade human Muse cell-based product, without immunosuppressants in a neonatal hypoxic-ischemic (HI) rat model. HI injury was induced on postnatal day 7 (P7) and was confirmed by T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging on P10. HI rats received a single dose nafimestrocel (1 × 106 cells/body) or Hank's balanced salt solution (vehicle group) intravenously at either three days (on P10; M3 group) or seven days (on P14; M7 group) after HI insult. Radioisotope experiment demonstrated the homing of chromium-51-labeled nafimestrocel to the both cerebral hemispheres. The cylinder test (M3 and M7 groups) and open-field test (M7 group) showed significant amelioration of paralysis and hyperactivity at five weeks of age compared with those in the vehicle group. Nafimestrocel did not cause adverse events such as death or pathological changes in the lung at ten weeks in the both groups. Nafimestrocel attenuated the production of tumor necrosis factor-α and inducible nitric oxide synthase from activated cultured microglia in vitro. These results demonstrate the potential therapeutic benefits and safety of nafimestrocel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuto Ueda
- Division of Neonatology, Center for Maternal-Neonatal Care, Nagoya University Hospital, 65 Tsurumai-cho Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8560, Japan
- Department of Pediatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Sato
- Division of Neonatology, Center for Maternal-Neonatal Care, Nagoya University Hospital, 65 Tsurumai-cho Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8560, Japan.
| | - Shinobu Shimizu
- Department of Advanced Medicine, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Toshihiko Suzuki
- Division of Neonatology, Center for Maternal-Neonatal Care, Nagoya University Hospital, 65 Tsurumai-cho Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8560, Japan
| | - Atsuto Onoda
- Division of Neonatology, Center for Maternal-Neonatal Care, Nagoya University Hospital, 65 Tsurumai-cho Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8560, Japan
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sanyo-Onoda City University, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Miura
- Division of Neonatology, Center for Maternal-Neonatal Care, Nagoya University Hospital, 65 Tsurumai-cho Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8560, Japan
| | - Shoji Go
- Division of Neonatology, Center for Maternal-Neonatal Care, Nagoya University Hospital, 65 Tsurumai-cho Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8560, Japan
| | - Haruka Mimatsu
- Division of Neonatology, Center for Maternal-Neonatal Care, Nagoya University Hospital, 65 Tsurumai-cho Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8560, Japan
| | - Yuma Kitase
- Division of Neonatology, Center for Maternal-Neonatal Care, Nagoya University Hospital, 65 Tsurumai-cho Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8560, Japan
| | - Yuta Yamashita
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Keiichi Irie
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masahiro Tsuji
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Home Economics, Kyoto Women's University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kenichi Mishima
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masaaki Mizuno
- Department of Advanced Medicine, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Takahashi
- Department of Pediatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Mari Dezawa
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Histology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Masahiro Hayakawa
- Division of Neonatology, Center for Maternal-Neonatal Care, Nagoya University Hospital, 65 Tsurumai-cho Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8560, Japan
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Kim HS, Lee HK, Kim K, Ahn GB, Kim MS, Lee TY, Son DJ, Kim Y, Hong JT, Han SB. Mesenchymal stem cells enhance CCL8 expression by podocytes in lupus-prone MRL.Fas lpr mice. Sci Rep 2023; 13:13074. [PMID: 37567910 PMCID: PMC10421856 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-40346-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Nephritis is common in systemic lupus erythematosus patients and is associated with hyper-activation of immune and renal cells. Although mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) ameliorate nephritis by inhibiting T and B cells, whether MSCs directly affect renal cells is unclear. To address this issue, we examined the direct effect of MSCs on renal cells with a focus on chemokines. We found that expression of CCL2, CCL3, CCL4, CCL5, CCL8, CCL19, and CXCL10 increased 1.6-5.6-fold in the kidney of lupus-prone MRL.Faslpr mice with advancing age from 9 to 16 weeks. Although MSCs inhibited the increase in the expression of most chemokines by 52-95%, they further increased CCL8 expression by 290%. Using renal cells, we next investigated how MSCs enhanced CCL8 expression. CCL8 was expressed by podocytes, but not by tubular cells. MSCs enhanced CCL8 expression by podocytes in a contact-dependent manner, which was proved by transwell assay and blocking with anti-VCAM-1 antibody. Finally, we showed that CCL8 itself activated MSCs to produce more immunosuppressive factors (IL-10, IDO, TGF-β1, and iNOS) and to inhibit more strongly IFN-γ production by T cells. Taken together, our data demonstrate that MSCs activate podocytes to produce CCL8 in a contact-dependent manner and conversely, podocyte-derived CCL8 might potentiate immunosuppressive activity of MSCs in a paracrine fashion. Our study documents a previously unrecognized therapeutic mechanism of MSCs in nephritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyung Sook Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 28160, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Chungbuk Provincial University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 28160, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong Kyung Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 28160, Republic of Korea
- Bioengineering Institute, Corestem Inc., Gyeonggi, 13486, Republic of Korea
| | - Kihyeon Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 28160, Republic of Korea
| | - Gi Beom Ahn
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 28160, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Sung Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 28160, Republic of Korea
- Bioengineering Institute, Corestem Inc., Gyeonggi, 13486, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Yong Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 28160, Republic of Korea
- Bioengineering Institute, Corestem Inc., Gyeonggi, 13486, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Ju Son
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 28160, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngsoo Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 28160, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Tae Hong
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 28160, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Bae Han
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 28160, Republic of Korea.
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Alanazi RF, Alhwity BS, Almahlawi RM, Alatawi BD, Albalawi SA, Albalawi RA, Albalawi AA, Abdel-Maksoud MS, Elsherbiny N. Multilineage Differentiating Stress Enduring (Muse) Cells: A New Era of Stem Cell-Based Therapy. Cells 2023; 12:1676. [PMID: 37443710 PMCID: PMC10340735 DOI: 10.3390/cells12131676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Stem cell transplantation has recently demonstrated a significant therapeutic efficacy in various diseases. Multilineage-differentiating stress-enduring (Muse) cells are stress-tolerant endogenous pluripotent stem cells that were first reported in 2010. Muse cells can be found in the peripheral blood, bone marrow and connective tissue of nearly all body organs. Under basal conditions, they constantly move from the bone marrow to peripheral blood to supply various body organs. However, this rate greatly changes even within the same individual based on physical status and the presence of injury or illness. Muse cells can differentiate into all three-germ-layers, producing tissue-compatible cells with few errors, minimal immune rejection and without forming teratomas. They can also endure hostile environments, supporting their survival in damaged/injured tissues. Additionally, Muse cells express receptors for sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), which is a protein produced by damaged/injured tissues. Through the S1P-S1PR2 axis, circulating Muse cells can preferentially migrate to damaged sites following transplantation. In addition, Muse cells possess a unique immune privilege system, facilitating their use without the need for long-term immunosuppressant treatment or human leucocyte antigen matching. Moreover, they exhibit anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic and tissue-protective effects. These characteristics circumvent all challenges experienced with mesenchymal stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells and encourage the wide application of Muse cells in clinical practice. Indeed, Muse cells have the potential to break through the limitations of current cell-based therapies, and many clinical trials have been conducted, applying intravenously administered Muse cells in stroke, myocardial infarction, neurological disorders and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) related to novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Herein, we aim to highlight the unique biological properties of Muse cells and to elucidate the advantageous difference between Muse cells and other types of stem cells. Finally, we shed light on their current therapeutic applications and the major obstacles to their clinical implementation from laboratory to clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raghad F. Alanazi
- Pharm D Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia; (R.F.A.); (B.S.A.); (R.M.A.); (B.D.A.); (S.A.A.); (R.A.A.); (A.A.A.)
| | - Basma S. Alhwity
- Pharm D Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia; (R.F.A.); (B.S.A.); (R.M.A.); (B.D.A.); (S.A.A.); (R.A.A.); (A.A.A.)
| | - Raghad M. Almahlawi
- Pharm D Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia; (R.F.A.); (B.S.A.); (R.M.A.); (B.D.A.); (S.A.A.); (R.A.A.); (A.A.A.)
| | - Bashayer D. Alatawi
- Pharm D Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia; (R.F.A.); (B.S.A.); (R.M.A.); (B.D.A.); (S.A.A.); (R.A.A.); (A.A.A.)
| | - Shatha A. Albalawi
- Pharm D Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia; (R.F.A.); (B.S.A.); (R.M.A.); (B.D.A.); (S.A.A.); (R.A.A.); (A.A.A.)
| | - Raneem A. Albalawi
- Pharm D Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia; (R.F.A.); (B.S.A.); (R.M.A.); (B.D.A.); (S.A.A.); (R.A.A.); (A.A.A.)
| | - Amaal A. Albalawi
- Pharm D Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia; (R.F.A.); (B.S.A.); (R.M.A.); (B.D.A.); (S.A.A.); (R.A.A.); (A.A.A.)
| | - Mohamed S. Abdel-Maksoud
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Nehal Elsherbiny
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
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Zhang Y, Zeng M, Li B, Zhang B, Cao B, Wu Y, Ye S, Xu R, Zheng X, Feng W. Ephedra Herb extract ameliorates adriamycin-induced nephrotic syndrome in rats via the CAMKK2/AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway. Chin J Nat Med 2023; 21:371-382. [PMID: 37245875 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(23)60454-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effect and mechanisms of Ephedra Herb (EH) extract on adriamycin-induced nephrotic syndrome (NS), providing an experimental basis for the clinical treatment of NS. Hematoxylin and eosin staining, creatinine, urea nitrogen, and kidn injury molecule-1 were used to evaluate the activities of EH extract on renal function. The levels of inflammatory factors and oxidative stress were detected by kits. The levels of reactive oxygen species, immune cells, and apoptosis were measured by flow cytometry. A network pharmacological approach was used to predict the potential targets and mechanisms of EH extract in the treatment of NS. The protein levels of apoptosis-related proteins and CAMKK2, p-CAMKK2, AMPK, p-AMPK, mTOR and p-mTOR in the kidneys were detected by Western blot. The effective material basis of EH extract was screened by MTT assay. The AMPK pathway inhibitor (compound C, CC) was added to investigate the effect of the potent material basis on adriamycin-induced cell injury. EH extract significantly improved renal injury and relieve inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis in rats. Network pharmacology and Western blot results showed that the effect of EH extract on NS may be associated with the CAMKK2/AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway. Moreover, methylephedrine significantly ameliorated adriamycin-induced NRK-52e cell injury. Methylephedrine also significantly improved the phosphorylation of AMPK and mTOR, which were blocked by CC. In sum, EH extract may ameliorate renal injury via the CAMKK2/AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway. Moreover, methylephedrine may be one of the material bases of EH extract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhan Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450000, China; The Engineering and Technology Center for Chinese Medicine Development of Henan province, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Mengnan Zeng
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450000, China; The Engineering and Technology Center for Chinese Medicine Development of Henan province, Zhengzhou 450000, China; Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases by Henan & Education Ministry of P.R., Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Benke Li
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450000, China; The Engineering and Technology Center for Chinese Medicine Development of Henan province, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Beibei Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450000, China; The Engineering and Technology Center for Chinese Medicine Development of Henan province, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Bing Cao
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450000, China; The Engineering and Technology Center for Chinese Medicine Development of Henan province, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wu
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450000, China; The Engineering and Technology Center for Chinese Medicine Development of Henan province, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Shan Ye
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450000, China; The Engineering and Technology Center for Chinese Medicine Development of Henan province, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Ruiqi Xu
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450000, China; The Engineering and Technology Center for Chinese Medicine Development of Henan province, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Xiaoke Zheng
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450000, China; The Engineering and Technology Center for Chinese Medicine Development of Henan province, Zhengzhou 450000, China; Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases by Henan & Education Ministry of P.R., Zhengzhou 450000, China.
| | - Weisheng Feng
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450000, China; The Engineering and Technology Center for Chinese Medicine Development of Henan province, Zhengzhou 450000, China; Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases by Henan & Education Ministry of P.R., Zhengzhou 450000, China.
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Velasco MG, Satué K, Chicharro D, Martins E, Torres-Torrillas M, Peláez P, Miguel-Pastor L, Del Romero A, Damiá E, Cuervo B, Carrillo JM, Cugat R, Sopena JJ, Rubio M. Multilineage-Differentiating Stress-Enduring Cells (Muse Cells): The Future of Human and Veterinary Regenerative Medicine. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11020636. [PMID: 36831171 PMCID: PMC9953712 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11020636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, several studies have been conducted on Muse cells mainly due to their pluripotency, high tolerance to stress, self-renewal capacity, ability to repair DNA damage and not being tumoral. Additionally, since these stem cells can be isolated from different tissues in the adult organism, obtaining them is not considered an ethical problem, providing an advantage over embryonic stem cells. Regarding their therapeutic potential, few studies have reported clinical applications in the treatment of different diseases, such as aortic aneurysm and chondral injuries in the mouse or acute myocardial infarction in the swine, rabbit, sheep and in humans. This review aims to describe the characterization of Muse cells, show their biological characteristics, explain the differences between Muse cells and mesenchymal stem cells, and present their contribution to the treatment of some diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Gemma Velasco
- Bioregenerative Medicine and Applied Surgery Research Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, C/Tirant lo Blanc, 7, Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia, Spain
| | - Katy Satué
- Bioregenerative Medicine and Applied Surgery Research Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, C/Tirant lo Blanc, 7, Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia, Spain
| | - Deborah Chicharro
- Bioregenerative Medicine and Applied Surgery Research Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, C/Tirant lo Blanc, 7, Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia, Spain
| | - Emma Martins
- Bioregenerative Medicine and Applied Surgery Research Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, C/Tirant lo Blanc, 7, Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia, Spain
| | - Marta Torres-Torrillas
- Bioregenerative Medicine and Applied Surgery Research Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, C/Tirant lo Blanc, 7, Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia, Spain
| | - Pau Peláez
- Bioregenerative Medicine and Applied Surgery Research Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, C/Tirant lo Blanc, 7, Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia, Spain
| | - Laura Miguel-Pastor
- Bioregenerative Medicine and Applied Surgery Research Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, C/Tirant lo Blanc, 7, Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia, Spain
| | - Ayla Del Romero
- Bioregenerative Medicine and Applied Surgery Research Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, C/Tirant lo Blanc, 7, Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia, Spain
| | - Elena Damiá
- Bioregenerative Medicine and Applied Surgery Research Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, C/Tirant lo Blanc, 7, Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia, Spain
| | - Belén Cuervo
- Bioregenerative Medicine and Applied Surgery Research Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, C/Tirant lo Blanc, 7, Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia, Spain
| | - José María Carrillo
- Bioregenerative Medicine and Applied Surgery Research Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, C/Tirant lo Blanc, 7, Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia, Spain
- Garcia Cugat Foundation CEU-UCH Chair of Medicine and Regenerative Surgery, 08006 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ramón Cugat
- Garcia Cugat Foundation CEU-UCH Chair of Medicine and Regenerative Surgery, 08006 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joaquín Jesús Sopena
- Bioregenerative Medicine and Applied Surgery Research Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, C/Tirant lo Blanc, 7, Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia, Spain
- Garcia Cugat Foundation CEU-UCH Chair of Medicine and Regenerative Surgery, 08006 Barcelona, Spain
- Correspondence:
| | - Mónica Rubio
- Bioregenerative Medicine and Applied Surgery Research Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, C/Tirant lo Blanc, 7, Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia, Spain
- Garcia Cugat Foundation CEU-UCH Chair of Medicine and Regenerative Surgery, 08006 Barcelona, Spain
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Hori Y, Kitani T, Yanishi K, Suga T, Kogure M, Kusaba T, Kushida Y, Dezawa M, Matoba S. Intravenous administration of human Muse cells recovers blood flow in a mouse model of hindlimb ischemia. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:981088. [PMID: 36440014 PMCID: PMC9692087 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.981088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell-based therapies hold great promise for the treatment of peripheral arterial disease (PAD), especially in patients presenting with severe limb ischemia, although the optimal strategy remains to be explored. In this study, we evaluated the therapeutic effect of intravenous administration of human Muse cells, a unique subpopulation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC), using a mouse model of hindlimb ischemia (HLI) without an immunosuppressant. Compared with the phosphate buffered saline (PBS) or non-Muse MSC groups, the Muse group showed significantly higher laser doppler blood flow in the ischemic limb at days 7 and 14 after HLI. Increased microvascular density [percent area of CD31(+) cells] and reduced interstitial fibrosis in the ischemic limb muscle were also observed in the Muse group. mCherry-expressing Muse cells were found in the ischemic border zone and expressed CD31 but did not in the non-ischemic limb. Muse cells produced higher amounts of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) than non-Muse cells under normoxic and hypoxic conditions in vitro. In the ischemic muscle, tissue VEGF concentration and angiogenesis-related genes such as Vegfa, Angpt1, Pdgfb, and Igf1 were significantly higher in the Muse group than in the other two groups. In addition, the proportion of M2 macrophages to total macrophages and the ratio of anti-inflammatory-related genes such as IL-10, Arg1, and CD206 per iNOS were significantly higher in the Muse group than in the other two groups. In summary, Muse cells exert pleiotropic effects in a mouse model of HLI, and therefore may provide a novel therapeutic approach for the treatment of PAD patients with severe limb ischemia.
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Kuroda Y, Oguma Y, Hall K, Dezawa M. Endogenous reparative pluripotent Muse cells with a unique immune privilege system: Hint at a new strategy for controlling acute and chronic inflammation. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1027961. [PMID: 36339573 PMCID: PMC9627303 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1027961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Multilineage-differentiating stress enduring (Muse) cells, non-tumorigenic endogenous pluripotent stem cells, reside in the bone marrow (BM), peripheral blood, and connective tissue as pluripotent surface marker SSEA-3(+) cells. They express other pluripotent markers, including Nanog, Oct3/4, and Sox2 at moderate levels, differentiate into triploblastic lineages, self-renew at a single cell level, and exhibit anti-inflammatory effects. Cultured mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) and fibroblasts contain several percent of SSEA-3(+)-Muse cells. Circulating Muse cells, either endogenous or administered exogenously, selectively accumulate at the damaged site by sensing sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), a key mediator of inflammation, produced by damaged cells and replace apoptotic and damaged cells by spontaneously differentiating into multiple cells types that comprise the tissue and repair the tissue. Thus, intravenous injection is the main route for Muse cell treatment, and surgical operation is not necessary. Furthermore, gene introduction or cytokine induction are not required for generating pluripotent or differentiated states prior to treatment. Notably, allogenic and xenogenic Muse cells escape host immune rejection after intravenous injection and survive in the tissue as functioning cells over 6 and ∼2 months, respectively, without immunosuppressant treatment. Since Muse cells survive in the host tissue for extended periods of time, therefore their anti-inflammatory, anti-fibrotic, and trophic effects are long-lasting. These unique characteristics have led to the administration of Muse cells via intravenous drip in clinical trials for stroke, acute myocardial infarction, epidermolysis bullosa, spinal cord injury, neonatal hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and COVID-19 acute respiratory distress syndrome without HLA-matching or immunosuppressive treatment.
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Inhibition of Gap Junctional Intercellular Communication Upregulates Pluripotency Gene Expression in Endogenous Pluripotent Muse Cells. Cells 2022; 11:cells11172701. [PMID: 36078111 PMCID: PMC9455024 DOI: 10.3390/cells11172701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Gap junctions (GJ) are suggested to support stem cell differentiation. The Muse cells that are applied in clinical trials are non-tumorigenic pluripotent-like endogenous stem cells, can be collected as stage-specific embryonic antigen 3 (SSEA-3+) positive cells from multiple tissues, and show triploblastic differentiation and self-renewability at a single cell level. They were reported to up-regulate pluripotency gene expression in suspension. We examined how GJ inhibition affected pluripotency gene expression in adherent cultured-Muse cells. Muse cells, mainly expressing gap junction alpha-1 protein (GJA1), reduced GJ intercellular communication from ~85% to 5–8% after 24 h incubation with 120 μM 18α-glycyrrhetinic acid, 400 nM 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate, and 90 μM dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane, as confirmed by a dye-transfer assay. Following inhibition, NANOG, OCT3/4, and SOX2 were up-regulated 2–4.5 times more; other pluripotency-related genes, such as KLF4, CBX7, and SPRY2 were elevated; lineage-specific differentiation-related genes were down-regulated in quantitative-PCR and RNA-sequencing. Connexin43-siRNA introduction also confirmed the up-regulation of NANOG, OCT3/4, and SOX2. YAP, a co-transcriptional factor in the Hippo signaling pathway that regulates pluripotency gene expression, co-localized with GJA1 (also known as Cx43) in the cell membrane and was translocated to the nucleus after GJ inhibition. Adherent culture is usually more suitable for the stable expansion of cells than is a suspension culture. GJ inhibition is suggested to be a simple method to up-regulate pluripotency in an adherent culture that involves a Cx43-YAP axis in pluripotent stem cells, such as Muse cells.
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Li H, Wei J, Liu X, Zhang P, Lin J. Muse cells: ushering in a new era of stem cell-based therapy for stroke. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:421. [PMID: 35986359 PMCID: PMC9389783 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-03126-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractStem cell-based regenerative therapies have recently become promising and advanced for treating stroke. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have received the most attention for treating stroke because of the outstanding paracrine function of MSCs and the three-germ-layer differentiation ability of iPSCs. However, the unsatisfactory homing ability, differentiation, integration, and survival time in vivo limit the effectiveness of MSCs in regenerative medicine. The inherent tumorigenic property of iPSCs renders complete differentiation necessary before transplantation, which is complicated and expensive and affects the consistency among cell batches. Multilineage differentiating stress-enduring (Muse) cells are natural pluripotent stem cells in the connective tissues of nearly every organ and thus are considered nontumorigenic. A single Muse cell can differentiate into all three-germ-layer, preferentially migrate to damaged sites after transplantation, survive in hostile environments, and spontaneously differentiate into tissue-compatible cells, all of which can compensate for the shortcomings of MSCs and iPSCs. This review summarizes the recent progress in understanding the biological properties of Muse cells and highlights the differences between Muse cells and other types of stem cells. Finally, we summarized the current research progress on the application of Muse cells on stroke and challenges from bench to bedside.
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Kikuchi K, Katagiri H, Suzuki Y, Nitta H, Sasaki A. Mobilization of multilineage-differentiating stress-enduring cells into the peripheral blood in liver surgery. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0271698. [PMID: 35862404 PMCID: PMC9302816 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0271698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study investigated whether liver damage severity relates to the mobilization of multilineage-differentiating stress-enduring (Muse) cells, which are endogenous reparative pluripotent stem cells, into the peripheral blood (PB) and whether the degree of mobilization relates to the recovery of liver volume following human liver surgery. Methods Forty-seven patients who underwent liver surgery were included in the present study. PB-Muse cells were counted before surgery, on postoperative days (PODs) 3 and on POD 7. Liver volume was measured using computed tomography before and after surgery. Results The PB-Muse cell count increased after surgery. The number of PB-Muse cells before surgery was higher, but without statistical significance in the group with neoplasms than in the healthy group that included liver donors (p = 0.065). Forty-seven patients who underwent liver surgery were divided into major hepatic resection (MHR; hepatectomy of three or more segments according to the Couinaud classification, n = 22) and minor hepatic resection (mhr; hepatectomy of two segments or less according to the Couinaud classification, n = 25) groups. PB-Muse cells increased at high rates among MHR patients (p = 0.033). Except for complication cases, PB-Muse cells increased at higher rates in the group with advanced liver volume recovery (p = 0.043). The predictive impact of the rate of increase in PB-Muse cells on the recovery of liver volume was demonstrated by multivariate analysis (OR 11.0, p = 0.014). Conclusions PB-Muse cell mobilization correlated with the volume of liver resection, suggesting that the PB-Muse cell number reflects the degree of liver injury. Given that the degree of PB-Muse cell mobilization was related to liver volume recovery, PB-Muse cells were suggested to contribute to liver regeneration, although this mechanism remains unclear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Kikuchi
- Department of Surgery, Iwate Medical University School of Medicine, Yahaba, Iwate, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Hirokatsu Katagiri
- Department of Surgery, Iwate Medical University School of Medicine, Yahaba, Iwate, Japan
| | - Yuji Suzuki
- Division of Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Iwate Medical University School of Medicine, Yahaba, Iwate, Japan
- Institute for Biomedical Sciences Molecular Pathophysiology, Iwate Medical University, Yahaba, Iwate, Japan
- Division of Allergy and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Iwate Medical University School of Medicine, Yahaba, Iwate, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Nitta
- Department of Surgery, Iwate Medical University School of Medicine, Yahaba, Iwate, Japan
| | - Akira Sasaki
- Department of Surgery, Iwate Medical University School of Medicine, Yahaba, Iwate, Japan
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Tsuji K, Kitamura S, Wada J. Potential Strategies for Kidney Regeneration With Stem Cells: An Overview. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:892356. [PMID: 35586342 PMCID: PMC9108336 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.892356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Kidney diseases are a major health problem worldwide. Despite advances in drug therapies, they are only capable of slowing the progression of kidney diseases. Accordingly, potential kidney regeneration strategies with stem cells have begun to be explored. There are two different directions for regenerative strategies, de novo whole kidney fabrication with stem cells, and stem cell therapy. De novo whole kidney strategies include: 1) decellularized scaffold technology, 2) 3D bioprinting based on engineering technology, 3) kidney organoid fabrication, 4) blastocyst complementation with chimeric technology, and 5) the organogenic niche method. Meanwhile, stem cell therapy strategies include 1) injection of stem cells, including mesenchymal stem cells, nephron progenitor cells, adult kidney stem cells and multi-lineage differentiating stress enduring cells, and 2) injection of protective factors secreted from these stem cells, including growth factors, chemokines, and extracellular vesicles containing microRNAs, mRNAs and proteins. Over the past few decades, there have been remarkable step-by-step developments in these strategies. Here, we review the current advances in the potential strategies for kidney regeneration using stem cells, along with their challenges for possible clinical use in the future.
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Fukase M, Sakata N, Kushida Y, Wakao S, Unno M, Dezawa M. Intravenous injection of human multilineage-differentiating stress-enduring cells alleviates mouse severe acute pancreatitis without immunosuppressants. Surg Today 2022; 52:603-615. [PMID: 34687364 DOI: 10.1007/s00595-021-02382-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We examined the effect of intravenously injected human multilineage-differentiating stress-enduring (Muse) cells, non-tumorigenic endogenous reparative stem cells already used in clinical trials, on a severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) mouse model without immunosuppressants. METHODS Human Muse cells (1.0 × 105 cells) collected from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) as SSEA-3(+) were injected into a C57BL/6 mouse model via the jugular vein 6 h after SAP-induction with taurocholate. The control group received saline or the same number of SSEA-3(-)-non-Muse MSCs. RESULTS Edematous parameters, F4/80(+) macrophage infiltration and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling positivity was the lowest and the number of proliferating endogenous pancreatic progenitors (CK18(+)/Ki67(+) cells) the highest in the Muse group among the three groups, with statistical significance, at 72 h. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and quantitative polymerase chain reaction demonstrated that in vitro production of VEGF, HGF, IGF-1, and MMP-2, which are relevant to tissue protection, anti-inflammation, and anti-fibrosis, were higher in Muse cells than in non-Muse MSCs, particularly when cells were cultured in SAP mouse serum. Consistently, the pancreas of animals in the Muse group contained higher amounts of those factors according to Western blotting at 18 h than that in the non-Muse MSCs and control groups. CONCLUSIONS Intravenous injection of human Muse cells was suggested to be effective for attenuating edema, inflammation and apoptosis in the acute phase of SAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiko Fukase
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Histology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryomachi, Aobaku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan.
- Department of Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryomachi, Aobaku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8574, Japan.
| | - Naoaki Sakata
- Department of Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryomachi, Aobaku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Kushida
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Histology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryomachi, Aobaku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Shohei Wakao
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Histology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryomachi, Aobaku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Michiaki Unno
- Department of Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryomachi, Aobaku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Mari Dezawa
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Histology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryomachi, Aobaku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan.
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Furuta A, Kuroda Y, Yamamoto T, Egawa S, Dezawa M, Yoshimura N. Effects of human Muse cells on bladder inflammation, overactivity, and nociception in a chemically induced Hunner-type interstitial cystitis-like rat model. Int Urogynecol J 2022; 33:1293-1301. [PMID: 35333929 DOI: 10.1007/s00192-022-05166-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND HYPOTHESIS We investigated the effects of locally administered human multilineage-differentiating stress enduring (Muse) cells, nontumorigenic pluripotent-like endogenous stem cells, on bladder tissues, function, and nociceptive behavior in a chemically induced Hunner-type interstitial cystitis (HIC)-like rat model without immunosuppressant. METHODS Chemical cystitis was induced by intravesical instillation of 0.2 N hydrochloride (HCl) for 15 min in female F344 rats. SSEA-3+ Muse cells, SSEA-3- non-Muse cells or Hanks' balanced salt solution (HBSS; vehicle) were injected into the anterior and posterior bladder wall at each 1×104 cells/10 μl 6 h after HCl application. The sham group received HBSS without HCl instillation. Urinary frequency was assessed using metabolic cages, cystometrograms, nociceptive behavior, and histological analysis of the bladder and L6 spinal cord. RESULTS Increases in urinary frequency and decreases in bladder capacity compared with the sham group were observed in the vehicle and non-Muse groups, but not in the Muse group, at 1 week. Significant increases in nociceptive behavior compared with the sham group and the expression of TNFα in the bladder and c-Fos in the bilateral dorsal horns of L6 spinal cord were also observed in the vehicle and non-Muse groups, whereas these changes were not seen in the Muse group at 1 week. Histological analysis exhibited a higher proportion of injected Muse cells remaining in the urothelial basal layer and lamina propria of the bladder than non-Muse cells until 4 weeks. CONCLUSIONS Muse cell therapy could be a promising modality for treating HIC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akira Furuta
- Department of Urology, Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishishinbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan.
| | - Yasumasa Kuroda
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Histology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Tokunori Yamamoto
- Department of Nephrology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Shin Egawa
- Department of Urology, Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishishinbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan
| | - Mari Dezawa
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Histology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Naoki Yoshimura
- Department of Urology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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Fei W, Wu J, Gao M, Wang Q, Zhao YY, Shan C, Shen Y, Chen G. Multilineage-differentiating stress-enduring cells alleviate atopic dermatitis-associated behaviors in mice. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:606. [PMID: 34930455 PMCID: PMC8686553 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02671-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pruritus is a recurring, long-lasting skin disease with few effective treatments. Many patients have unsatisfactory responses to currently available antipruritic treatments, and effective therapeutics are urgently needed to relieve symptoms. A previous study reported that mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-mediated immune regulation could be used to treat skin inflammatory diseases. Multilineage-differentiating stress-enduring (Muse) cells are a new type of pluripotent stem cell that may also have the potential to treat inflammatory skin diseases. METHODS Muse cells were isolated from human bone marrow-derived MSCs (BMSCs) via the 8-h longterm trypsin incubation (LTT) method. Repeated use of 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB) induced atopic dermatitis (AD) in a mouse model. Immunofluorescence, behavior recording, and image analysis were used to evaluate the therapeutic effect of subcutaneous Muse cell injection. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was used to measure the expression of inflammatory factors. In vitro, wound healing and cell proliferation experiments were used to examine the effect of Muse cell supernatant on keratinocytes. RESULTS Our results showed that subcutaneous injection of Muse cells after AD model induction significantly alleviated scratching behavior in mice. The evaluation of dermatitis and photos of damaged skin on the back of the neck revealed that Muse cells reduced dermatitis, playing an active role in healing the damaged skin. The activation of spinal glial cells and scratching behavior were also reduced by Muse cell injection. In addition, we also showed that the expression levels of the inflammatory factors interleukin (IL)-6, IL-17α, and IL-33 in both the spinal cord and skin were suppressed by Muse cells. Furthermore, Muse cells not only exerted anti-inflammatory effects on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced human HaCat cells but also promoted wound healing and keratinocyte proliferation. CONCLUSIONS In vivo, Muse cells could alleviate scratching symptoms, reduce epidermal inflammation, and promote wound healing. In vitro, Muse cells could also promote the migration and proliferation of keratinocytes. In summary, Muse cells may become a new therapeutic agent for the treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- WenDi Fei
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and the Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - JunLin Wu
- Center for Basic Medical Research, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - MengDie Gao
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and the Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and the Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ya Yu Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and the Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - ChunLi Shan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yu Shen
- Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Nantong Hospital 3 of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Gang Chen
- Center for Basic Medical Research, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu Province, China. .,Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu Province, China. .,Medical School of Nantong University, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China.
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21
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Ibrahim Fouad G, Ahmed KA. The protective impact of berberine against doxorubicin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. Tissue Cell 2021; 73:101612. [PMID: 34371291 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2021.101612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Doxorubicin (DOX) is a well-known anti-neoplastic agent that is widely employed to treat several types of malignancies. The current study was designed to investigate the renoprotective potential of berberine (BEB) on the doxorubicin (DOX)-induced nephrotoxicity and renal fibrosis. Rats were allocated into four groups; Negative Control, DOX nephrotoxic-induced group received a single dose of DOX (20 mg/kg, i.p.), BEB-group received (50 mg/kg, p.o.) for 14 days, and co-treatment group BEB + DOX where rats were pre-treated with BEB for 10 successive days, then received a single dose of DOX on the 11th day, followed by 4 days of receiving BEB. DOX resulted in nephrotoxicity manifested by significant increments in urea, creatinine, and kidney injury molecule (KIM-1), these biochemical findings were supported with the histopathological lesions in renal tissues. Moreover, DOX provoked oxidative stress through enhancing renal malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) contents, and decreased renal catalase (CAT) activity. DOX triggered renal fibrosis represented by increased transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-β1) and elevated collagen deposition. DOX stimulated apoptosis and inflammation in renal tissues as confirmed by increased immunoexpression of caspase-3 and NF-κB, respectively. These effects were alleviated by BEB co-treatment. Co-treatment with BEB markedly prohibited DOX-induced oxidative damage, inflammation, apoptosis, and fibrosis in renal tissue. Histopathological and immunohistochemical investigations showed the nephroprotective potential of BEB on renal injury, which was consistent with the biochemical findings. Accordingly, it could be concluded that the nephroprotective potential of BEB against DOX-induced kidney injury and fibrosis might be mediated by the anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrosis activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghadha Ibrahim Fouad
- Department of Therapeutic Chemistry, National Research Centre, 33 El-Bohouth St., Dokki, Cairo, 12622, Egypt.
| | - Kawkab A Ahmed
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt.
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22
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Al-Serwi RH, El-Kersh AOFO, El-Akabawy G. Human dental pulp stem cells attenuate streptozotocin-induced parotid gland injury in rats. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:577. [PMID: 34775989 PMCID: PMC8591949 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02646-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Diabetes mellitus causes deterioration in the body, including serious damage of the oral cavity related to salivary gland dysfunction, characterised by hyposalivation and xerostomia. Human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) represent a promising therapy source, due to the easy, minimally invasive surgical access to these cells and their high proliferative capacity. It was previously reported that the trophic support mediated by these cells can rescue the functional and structural alterations of damaged salivary glands. However, potential differentiation and paracrine effects of hDPSCs in diabetic-induced parotid gland damage have not been investigated. Our study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects of intravenous transplantation of hDPSCs on parotid gland injury in a rat model of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced type 1 diabetes. METHODS Thirty Sprague-Dawley male rats were randomly categorised into three groups: control, diabetic (STZ), and transplanted (STZ + hDPSCs). The hDPSCs or the vehicles were injected into the rats' tail veins, 7 days after STZ injection. Fasting blood glucose levels were monitored weekly. A glucose tolerance test was performed, and the parotid gland weight, salivary flow rate, oxidative stress indices, parotid gland histology, and caspase-3, vascular endothelial growth factor, proliferating cell nuclear antigen, neuronal nitric oxide synthase, endothelial nitric oxide synthase, and tetrahydrobiopterin biosynthetic enzyme expression levels in parotid tissues were assessed 28 days post-transplantation. RESULTS Transplantation of hDPSCs decreased blood glucose, improved parotid gland weight and salivary flow rate, and reduced oxidative stress. The cells migrated to the STZ-injured parotid gland and differentiated into acinar, ductal, and myoepithelial cells. Moreover, hDPSCs downregulated the expression of caspase-3 and upregulated the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and proliferating cell nuclear antigen, likely exerting pro-angiogenic and anti-apoptotic effects and promoting endogenous regeneration. In addition, the transplanted cells enhanced the parotid nitric oxide-tetrahydrobiopterin pathway. CONCLUSIONS Our results showed that hDPSCs migrated to and survived within the STZ-injured parotid gland, where functional and morphological damage was prevented due to the restoration of normal glucose levels, differentiation into parotid cell populations, and stimulation of paracrine-mediated regeneration. Thus, hDPSCs may have potential in the treatment of diabetes-induced parotid gland injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasha H Al-Serwi
- Oral Basic Sciences, College of Dentistry, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Oral Biology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | | | - Gehan El-Akabawy
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Menoufia, Egypt.
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23
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Suzuki T, Sato Y, Kushida Y, Tsuji M, Wakao S, Ueda K, Imai K, Iitani Y, Shimizu S, Hida H, Temma T, Saito S, Iida H, Mizuno M, Takahashi Y, Dezawa M, Borlongan CV, Hayakawa M. Intravenously delivered multilineage-differentiating stress enduring cells dampen excessive glutamate metabolism and microglial activation in experimental perinatal hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2021; 41:1707-1720. [PMID: 33222596 PMCID: PMC8217885 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x20972656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Perinatal hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) results in serious neurological dysfunction and mortality. Clinical trials of multilineage-differentiating stress enduring cells (Muse cells) have commenced in stroke using intravenous delivery of donor-derived Muse cells. Here, we investigated the therapeutic effects of human Muse cells in an HIE model. Seven-day-old rats underwent ligation of the left carotid artery then were exposed to 8% oxygen for 60 min, and 72 hours later intravenously transplanted with 1 × 104 of human-Muse and -non-Muse cells, collected from bone marrow-mesenchymal stem cells as stage-specific embryonic antigen-3 (SSEA-3)+ and -, respectively, or saline (vehicle) without immunosuppression. Human-specific probe revealed Muse cells distributed mainly to the injured brain at 2 and 4 weeks, and expressed neuronal and glial markers until 6 months. In contrast, non-Muse cells lodged in the lung at 2 weeks, but undetectable by 4 weeks. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy and positron emission tomography demonstrated that Muse cells dampened excitotoxic brain glutamatergic metabolites and suppressed microglial activation. Muse cell-treated group exhibited significant improvements in motor and cognitive functions at 4 weeks and 5 months. Intravenously transplanted Muse cells afforded functional benefits in experimental HIE possibly via regulation of glutamate metabolism and reduction of microglial activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshihiko Suzuki
- Division of Neonatology, Center for Maternal-Neonatal Care, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan.,Department of Pediatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Sato
- Division of Neonatology, Center for Maternal-Neonatal Care, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Kushida
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Histology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Masahiro Tsuji
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Tissue Engineering, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shohei Wakao
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Histology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kazuto Ueda
- Division of Neonatology, Center for Maternal-Neonatal Care, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan.,Department of Pediatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kenji Imai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yukako Iitani
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Shinobu Shimizu
- Department of Advanced Medicine, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hideki Hida
- Department of Neurophysiology and Brain Sciences, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Takashi Temma
- Department of Bio-Medical Imaging, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shigeyoshi Saito
- Department of Bio-Medical Imaging, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hidehiro Iida
- Department of Bio-Medical Imaging, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masaaki Mizuno
- Department of Advanced Medicine, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Takahashi
- Department of Pediatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Mari Dezawa
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Histology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Cesar V Borlongan
- Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Masahiro Hayakawa
- Division of Neonatology, Center for Maternal-Neonatal Care, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
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24
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Shono Y, Kushida Y, Wakao S, Kuroda Y, Unno M, Kamei T, Miyagi S, Dezawa M. Protection of liver sinusoids by intravenous administration of human Muse cells in a rat extra-small partial liver transplantation model. Am J Transplant 2021; 21:2025-2039. [PMID: 33350582 PMCID: PMC8248424 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.16461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Small-for-size syndrome (SFSS) has a poor prognosis due to excessive shear stress and sinusoidal microcirculatory disturbances in the acute phase after living-donor liver transplantation (LDLT). Multilineage-differentiating stress enduring (Muse) cells are reparative stem cells found in various tissues and currently under clinical trials. These cells selectively home to damaged sites via the sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P)-S1P receptor 2 system and repair damaged tissue by pleiotropic effects, including tissue protection and damaged/apoptotic cell replacement by differentiating into tissue-constituent cells. The effects of intravenously administered human bone marrow-Muse cells and -mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) (4 × 105 ) on liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs) were examined in a rat SFSS model without immunosuppression. Compared with MSCs, Muse cells intensively homed to the grafted liver, distributed to the sinusoids and vessels, and delivered improved blood chemistry and Ki-67(+) proliferative hepatocytes and -LSECs within 3 days. Tissue clearing and three-dimensional imaging by multiphoton laser confocal microscopy revealed maintenance of the sinusoid continuity, organization, and surface area, as well as decreased sinusoid interruption in the Muse group. Small-interfering RNA-induced knockdown of hepatocyte growth factor and vascular endothelial growth factor-A impaired the protective effect of Muse cells on LSECs. Intravenous injection of Muse cells might be a feasible approach for LDLT with less recipient burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiro Shono
- Department of SurgeryTohoku University Graduate School of MedicineSendaiMiyagiJapan
| | - Yoshihiro Kushida
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and HistologyTohoku University Graduate School of MedicineSendaiMiyagiJapan
| | - Shohei Wakao
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and HistologyTohoku University Graduate School of MedicineSendaiMiyagiJapan
| | - Yasumasa Kuroda
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and HistologyTohoku University Graduate School of MedicineSendaiMiyagiJapan
| | - Michiaki Unno
- Department of SurgeryTohoku University Graduate School of MedicineSendaiMiyagiJapan
| | - Takashi Kamei
- Department of SurgeryTohoku University Graduate School of MedicineSendaiMiyagiJapan
| | - Shigehito Miyagi
- Department of SurgeryTohoku University Graduate School of MedicineSendaiMiyagiJapan
| | - Mari Dezawa
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and HistologyTohoku University Graduate School of MedicineSendaiMiyagiJapan
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Aquino JB, Sierra R, Montaldo LA. Diverse cellular origins of adult blood vascular endothelial cells. Dev Biol 2021; 477:117-132. [PMID: 34048734 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2021.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
During embryonic stages, vascular endothelial cells (ECs) originate from the mesoderm, at specific extraembryonic and embryonic regions, through a process called vasculogenesis. In the adult, EC renewal/replacement mostly depend on local resident ECs or endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs). Nevertheless, contribution from circulating ECs/EPCs was also reported. In addition, cells lacking from EC/EPC markers with in vitro extended plasticity were shown to originate endothelial-like cells (ELCs). Most of these cells consist of mesenchymal stromal progenitors, which would eventually get mobilized from the bone marrow after injury. Based on that, current knowledge on different mouse and human bone marrow stromal cell (BM-SC) subpopulations, able to contribute with mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs), is herein reviewed. Such analyses underline an unexpected heterogeneity among sinusoidal LepR+ stromal/CAR cells. For instance, in a recent report a subgroup of LepR+ stromal/CAR progenitors, which express GLAST and is traced in Wnt1Cre;R26RTom mice, was found to contribute with ELCs in vivo. These GLAST + Wnt1+ BM-SCs were shown to get mobilized to the peripheral blood and to contribute with liver regeneration. Other sources of ELCs, such as adipose, neural and dental pulp tissues, were also published. Finally, mechanisms likely involved in the enhanced cellular plasticity properties of bone marrow/adipose tissue stromal cells, able to originate ELCs, are assessed. In the future, strategies to analyze the in vivo expression profile of stromal cells, with MSC properties, in combination with screening of active genomic regions at the single cell-level, during early postnatal development and/or after injury, will likely help understanding properties of these ELC sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge B Aquino
- CONICET-Universidad Austral, Instituto de Investigaciones en Medicina Traslacional (IIMT), Developmental Biology & Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Argentina.
| | - Romina Sierra
- CONICET-Universidad Austral, Instituto de Investigaciones en Medicina Traslacional (IIMT), Developmental Biology & Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Argentina
| | - Laura A Montaldo
- CONICET-Universidad Austral, Instituto de Investigaciones en Medicina Traslacional (IIMT), Developmental Biology & Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Argentina
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Yang W, Chen L, Jhuang Y, Lin Y, Hung P, Ko Y, Tsai M, Lee Y, Hsu L, Yeh C, Hsu H, Huang C. Injection of hybrid 3D spheroids composed of podocytes, mesenchymal stem cells, and vascular endothelial cells into the renal cortex improves kidney function and replenishes glomerular podocytes. Bioeng Transl Med 2021; 6:e10212. [PMID: 34027096 PMCID: PMC8126810 DOI: 10.1002/btm2.10212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Podocytes are highly differentiated epithelial cells that are crucial for maintaining the glomerular filtration barrier in the kidney. Podocyte injury followed by depletion is the major cause of pathological progression of kidney diseases. Although cell therapy has been considered a promising alternative approach to kidney transplantation for the treatment of kidney injury, the resultant therapeutic efficacy in terms of improved renal function is limited, possibly owing to significant loss of engrafted cells. Herein, hybrid three-dimensional (3D) cell spheroids composed of podocytes, mesenchymal stem cells, and vascular endothelial cells were designed to mimic the glomerular microenvironment and as a cell delivery vehicle to replenish the podocyte population by cell transplantation. After creating a native glomerulus-like condition, the expression of multiple genes encoding growth factors and basement membrane factors that are strongly associated with podocyte maturation and functionality was significantly enhanced. Our in vivo results demonstrated that intrarenal transplantation of podocytes in the form of hybrid 3D cell spheroids improved engraftment efficiency and replenished glomerular podocytes. Moreover, the proteinuria of the experimental mice with hypertensive nephropathy was effectively reduced. These data clearly demonstrated the potential of hybrid 3D cell spheroids for repairing injured kidneys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen‐Yu Yang
- Institute of Biomedical EngineeringNational Tsing Hua UniversityHsinchuTaiwan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental ScienceNational Tsing Hua UniversityHsinchuTaiwan
| | - Li‐Chi Chen
- Institute of Biomedical EngineeringNational Tsing Hua UniversityHsinchuTaiwan
| | - Ya‐Ting Jhuang
- Kidney Research Center, Department of NephrologyLinkou Chang Gung Memorial HospitalTaoyuanTaiwan
| | - Yu‐Jie Lin
- Institute of Biomedical EngineeringNational Tsing Hua UniversityHsinchuTaiwan
| | - Pei‐Yu Hung
- Kidney Research Center, Department of NephrologyLinkou Chang Gung Memorial HospitalTaoyuanTaiwan
| | - Yi‐Ching Ko
- Kidney Research Center, Department of NephrologyLinkou Chang Gung Memorial HospitalTaoyuanTaiwan
| | - Meng‐Yu Tsai
- Institute of Biomedical EngineeringNational Tsing Hua UniversityHsinchuTaiwan
| | - Yun‐Wei Lee
- Institute of Biomedical EngineeringNational Tsing Hua UniversityHsinchuTaiwan
| | - Li‐Wen Hsu
- Bioresource Collection and Research CenterFood Industry Research and Development InstituteHsinchuTaiwan
| | - Chih‐Kuang Yeh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental ScienceNational Tsing Hua UniversityHsinchuTaiwan
| | - Hsiang‐Hao Hsu
- Kidney Research Center, Department of NephrologyLinkou Chang Gung Memorial HospitalTaoyuanTaiwan
- College of Medicine, School of MedicineChang Gung UniversityTaoyuanTaiwan
| | - Chieh‐Cheng Huang
- Institute of Biomedical EngineeringNational Tsing Hua UniversityHsinchuTaiwan
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Yamashita T, Kushida Y, Abe K, Dezawa M. Non-Tumorigenic Pluripotent Reparative Muse Cells Provide a New Therapeutic Approach for Neurologic Diseases. Cells 2021; 10:cells10040961. [PMID: 33924240 PMCID: PMC8074773 DOI: 10.3390/cells10040961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Muse cells are non-tumorigenic endogenous reparative pluripotent cells with high therapeutic potential. They are identified as cells positive for the pluripotent surface marker SSEA-3 in the bone marrow, peripheral blood, and connective tissue. Muse cells also express other pluripotent stem cell markers, are able to differentiate into cells representative of all three germ layers, self-renew from a single cell, and are stress tolerant. They express receptors for sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), which is actively produced by damaged cells, allowing circulating cells to selectively home to damaged tissue. Muse cells spontaneously differentiate on-site into multiple tissue-constituent cells with few errors and replace damaged/apoptotic cells with functional cells, thereby contributing to tissue repair. Intravenous injection of exogenous Muse cells to increase the number of circulating Muse cells enhances their reparative activity. Muse cells also have a specific immunomodulatory system, represented by HLA-G expression, allowing them to be directly administered without HLA-matching or immunosuppressant treatment. Owing to these unique characteristics, clinical trials using intravenously administered donor-Muse cells have been conducted for myocardial infarction, stroke, epidermolysis bullosa, spinal cord injury, perinatal hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Muse cells have the potential to break through the limitations of current cell therapies for neurologic diseases, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Muse cells provide a new therapeutic strategy that requires no HLA-matching or immunosuppressant treatment for administering donor-derived cells, no gene introduction or differentiation induction for cell preparation, and no surgery for delivering the cells to patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toru Yamashita
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8558, Japan; (T.Y.); (K.A.)
| | - Yoshihiro Kushida
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Histology, School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8575, Japan;
| | - Koji Abe
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8558, Japan; (T.Y.); (K.A.)
| | - Mari Dezawa
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Histology, School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8575, Japan;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-22-717-8025; Fax: +81-22-717-8030
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Zhou G, Wang Y, Gao S, Fu X, Cao Y, Peng Y, Zhuang J, Hu J, Shao A, Wang L. Potential Mechanisms and Perspectives in Ischemic Stroke Treatment Using Stem Cell Therapies. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:646927. [PMID: 33869200 PMCID: PMC8047216 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.646927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke (IS) remains one of the major causes of death and disability due to the limited ability of central nervous system cells to regenerate and differentiate. Although several advances have been made in stroke therapies in the last decades, there are only a few approaches available to improve IS outcome. In the acute phase of IS, mechanical thrombectomy and the administration of tissue plasminogen activator have been widely used, while aspirin or clopidogrel represents the main therapy used in the subacute or chronic phase. However, in most cases, stroke patients fail to achieve satisfactory functional recovery under the treatments mentioned above. Recently, cell therapy, especially stem cell therapy, has been considered as a novel and potential therapeutic strategy to improve stroke outcome through mechanisms, including cell differentiation, cell replacement, immunomodulation, neural circuit reconstruction, and protective factor release. Different stem cell types, such as mesenchymal stem cells, marrow mononuclear cells, and neural stem cells, have also been considered for stroke therapy. In recent years, many clinical and preclinical studies on cell therapy have been carried out, and numerous results have shown that cell therapy has bright prospects in the treatment of stroke. However, some cell therapy issues are not yet fully understood, such as its optimal parameters including cell type choice, cell doses, and injection routes; therefore, a closer relationship between basic and clinical research is needed. In this review, the role of cell therapy in stroke treatment and its mechanisms was summarized, as well as the function of different stem cell types in stroke treatment and the clinical trials using stem cell therapy to cure stroke, to reveal future insights on stroke-related cell therapy, and to guide further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoyang Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yongjie Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shiqi Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiongjie Fu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yang Cao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yucong Peng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianfeng Zhuang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Junwen Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Anwen Shao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Mitani K, Ito Y, Takene Y, Hatoya S, Sugiura K, Inaba T. Long-Term Trypsin Treatment Promotes Stem Cell Potency of Canine Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Stem Cells Dev 2021; 30:337-349. [PMID: 33528297 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2020.0175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) isolated from adipose tissue (adipose-derived stem cells [ADSCs]) are considered one of the most promising cell types for applications in regenerative medicine. However, the regenerative potency of ADSCs may vary because of heterogeneity. Long-term trypsin treatment (LTT) is known to significantly concentrate multilineage-differentiating stress-enduring (Muse) cells from human MSCs. In this study, we aimed to generate cells with high stem cell potency from canine ADSCs using LTT. After 16 h of treatment with trypsin, surviving ADSCs (LTT-tolerant cells) had significantly enhanced expression of stage-specific embryonic antigen (SSEA)-1, a mouse embryonic stem cell marker, and fucosyltransferase 9, one of several fucosyltransferases for SSEA-1 biosynthesis. However, LTT-tolerant cells did not enhance the expression of SSEA-3, a known human Muse cell marker. LTT-tolerant cells, however, showed significantly higher self-renewal capacity in the colony-forming unit fibroblast assay than ADSCs. In addition, the LTT-tolerant cells formed cell clusters similar to embryoid bodies and expressed undifferentiated markers. Moreover, these cells differentiated into cells of all three germ layers and showed significantly higher levels of α 2-6 sialic acid (Sia)-specific lectins, known as differentiation potential markers of human MSCs, than ADSCs. LTT-tolerant cells had a normal karyotype and had low telomerase activity, showing little carcinogenetic potency. LTT-tolerant cells also showed significantly increased activity of transmigration in the presence of chemoattractants and had increased expression of migration-related genes compared with ADSCs. In addition, LTT-tolerant cells had stronger suppressive activity against mitogen-stimulated lymphocyte proliferation than ADSCs. Overall, these results indicated that the LTT-tolerant cells in canine ADSCs have similar properties as human Muse cells (although one of the undifferentiated markers is different) and are expected to be a promising tool for regenerative therapy in dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kosuke Mitani
- Research and Development Department, J-ARM Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan.,Department of Advanced Pathobiology, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yuki Ito
- Research and Development Department, J-ARM Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan
| | - Yukio Takene
- Research and Development Department, J-ARM Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan
| | - Shingo Hatoya
- Department of Advanced Pathobiology, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kikuya Sugiura
- Department of Advanced Pathobiology, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Toshio Inaba
- Department of Advanced Pathobiology, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka, Japan
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Yamashita T, Kushida Y, Wakao S, Tadokoro K, Nomura E, Omote Y, Takemoto M, Hishikawa N, Ohta Y, Dezawa M, Abe K. Therapeutic benefit of Muse cells in a mouse model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Sci Rep 2020; 10:17102. [PMID: 33051552 PMCID: PMC7554047 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-74216-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive motor neuron loss. Muse cells are endogenous reparative pluripotent-like stem cells distributed in various tissues. They can selectively home to damaged sites after intravenous injection by sensing sphingosine-1-phosphate produced by damaged cells, then exert pleiotropic effects, including tissue protection and spontaneous differentiation into tissue-constituent cells. In G93A-transgenic ALS mice, intravenous injection of 5.0 × 104 cells revealed successful homing of human-Muse cells to the lumbar spinal cords, mainly at the pia-mater and underneath white matter, and exhibited glia-like morphology and GFAP expression. In contrast, such homing or differentiation were not recognized in human mesenchymal stem cells but were instead distributed mainly in the lung. Relative to the vehicle groups, the Muse group significantly improved scores in the rotarod, hanging-wire and muscle strength of lower limbs, recovered the number of motor neurons, and alleviated denervation and myofiber atrophy in lower limb muscles. These results suggest that Muse cells homed in a lesion site-dependent manner and protected the spinal cord against motor neuron death. Muse cells might also be a promising cell source for the treatment of ALS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toru Yamashita
- Department of Neurology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Kushida
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Histology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Shohei Wakao
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Histology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Koh Tadokoro
- Department of Neurology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Emi Nomura
- Department of Neurology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yoshio Omote
- Department of Neurology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Mami Takemoto
- Department of Neurology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Nozomi Hishikawa
- Department of Neurology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Ohta
- Department of Neurology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Mari Dezawa
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Histology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Koji Abe
- Department of Neurology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan.
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Regenerated nephrons in kidney cortices ameliorate exacerbated serum creatinine levels in rats with adriamycin nephropathy. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 530:541-546. [PMID: 32753314 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.07.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Kidney regeneration could be classified into 2 groups: kidney generation and kidney repair. We have attempted in vivo nephron generation for kidney repair, as a therapy for chronic renal failure (CRF), by exploiting cellular interactions via conditioned media. In the previous report, we demonstrated the generation of rich nephrons in rat intact kidney cortices through percapsular injection of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-differentiated tubular epithelial cells (TECs) after pretreatment of 3-dimensional culture using a small amount of gel complex and condensed medium. In this study, to verify the amelioration of serum creatinine (sCr) levels by regenerated nephrons in rats with CRF, we first created damaged kidneys through systemic administration of adriamycin, and implanted the pretreated MSC-differentiated TECs into unilateral kidney cortices 2 weeks after adriamycin administration (A-2W, that is I-0W). After recovery of acute kidney injury, the control rats without cell implantation showed re-exacerbation of sCr levels, resulting in death within A-12W. Alternatively, the cell-implanted rats had a formation of mature nephrons in I-3W, and showed significant amelioration of sCr levels in I-7W. As a result, these rats could live until euthanization in I-12W or I-16W, indicating the utility of cell injection therapy into a kidney (K-CIT) for CRF. We expect that our K-CIT or the refined methods will be applied to patients with CRF.
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The evaluation of the safety and efficacy of intravenously administered allogeneic multilineage-differentiating stress-enduring cells in a swine hepatectomy model. Surg Today 2020; 51:634-650. [PMID: 32915286 DOI: 10.1007/s00595-020-02117-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Multilineage-differentiating stress-enduring (Muse) cells are non-tumorigenic endogenous pluripotent-like cells residing in the bone marrow that exert a tissue reparative effect by replacing damaged/apoptotic cells through spontaneous differentiation into tissue-constituent cells. Post-hepatectomy liver failure (PHLF) is a potentially fatal complication. The main purpose of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficiency of allogeneic Muse cell administration via the portal vein in a swine model of PHLF. METHODS Swine Muse cells, collected from swine bone marrow-mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) as SSEA-3(+) cells, were examined for their characteristics. Then, 1 × 107 allogeneic-Muse cells and allogeneic-MSCs and vehicle were injected via the portal vein in a 70% hepatectomy swine model. RESULTS Swine Muse cells exhibited characteristics comparable to previously reported human Muse cells. Compared to the MSC and vehicle groups, the Muse group showed specific homing of the administered cells into the liver, resulting in improvements in the control of hyperbilirubinemia (P = 0.04), prothrombin international normalized ratio (P = 0.05), and suppression of focal necrosis (P = 0.04). Integrated Muse cells differentiated spontaneously into hepatocyte marker-positive cells. CONCLUSIONS Allogeneic Muse cell administration may provide a reparative effect and functional recovery in a 70% hepatectomy swine model and thus may contribute to the treatment of PHLF.
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Abstract
Stem cell-based regenerative therapies may rescue the central nervous system following ischemic stroke. Mesenchymal stem cells exhibit promising regenerative capacity in in vitro studies but display little to no incorporation in host tissue after transplantation in in vivo models of stroke. Despite these limitations, clinical trials using mesenchymal stem cells have produced some functional benefits ascribed to their ability to modulate the host's inflammatory response coupled with their robust safety profile. Regeneration of ischemic brain tissue using stem cells, however, remains elusive in humans. Multilineage-differentiating stress-enduring (Muse) cells are a distinct subset of mesenchymal stem cells found sporadically in connective tissue of nearly every organ. Since their discovery in 2010, these endogenous reparative stem cells have been investigated for their therapeutic potential against a variety of diseases, including acute myocardial infarction, stroke, chronic kidney disease, and liver disease. Preclinical studies have exemplified Muse cells' unique ability mobilize, differentiate, and engraft into damaged host tissue. Intravenously transplanted Muse cells in mouse lacunar stroke models afforded functional recovery and long-term engraftment into the host neural network. This mini-review article highlights these biological properties that make Muse cells an exceptional candidate donor source for cell therapy in ischemic stroke. Elucidating the mechanism behind the therapeutic potential of Muse cells will undoubtedly help optimize stem cell therapy for stroke and advance the field of regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- You Jeong Park
- Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida (Y.J.P., M.M., C.V.B.)
| | - Kuniyasu Niizuma
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Miyagi, Sendai, Japan (K.N.)
| | - Maxim Mokin
- Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida (Y.J.P., M.M., C.V.B.)
| | - Mari Dezawa
- Department of Histology, Tohoku University, Japan (M.D.)
| | - Cesar V Borlongan
- Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida (Y.J.P., M.M., C.V.B.)
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Cao J, Yang Z, Xiao R, Pan B. Regenerative potential of pluripotent nontumorgenetic stem cells: Multilineage differentiating stress enduring cells (Muse cells). Regen Ther 2020; 15:92-96. [PMID: 33426206 PMCID: PMC7770368 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2020.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Multilineage differentiating stress enduring cells (Muse cells), double positive for SSEA-3 and CD105, can be isolated by fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) or sever cellular conditions from dermal fibroblasts, bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs), adipose tissue derived stem cells (ADSCs), fresh bone marrow and liposuction fat. When cultured in a single-cell suspension, Muse cells can grow into characteristic cell clusters. Muse cells maintain pluripotency as evidenced by pluripotent markers in vitro. Besides, Muse cells have no tumorigenesis up to 6 months in SCID mice. Muse cells differentiate into cells representative of all three germ layers both spontaneously and under specific induction. In comparison to mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), Muse cells show higher homing and migration capabilities to damaged sites which is predominantly attributed to S1P–S1PR2 axis. The regenerative effects of Muse cells have been demonstrated by many models in vivo or in vitro, including stroke, intracerebral hemorrhage, myocardial infarction, aortic aneurysm, lung injuries, liver fibrosis, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, osteochondral defects and skin ulcer. In general, migration, differentiation and paracrine play a pivotal role in the regeneration capability. Here we review the isolation, core properties, preclinical studies as well as the underling molecular and cellular details to highlight their regenerative potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiankun Cao
- Plastic Surgery Institute, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zhigang Yang
- Plastic Surgery Institute, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ran Xiao
- Plastic Surgery Institute, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Pan
- th Department, Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Intravenous Injection of Muse Cells as a Potential Therapeutic Approach for Epidermolysis Bullosa. J Invest Dermatol 2020; 141:198-202.e6. [PMID: 32540249 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2020.05.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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El-Kersh AOFO, El-Akabawy G, Al-Serwi RH. Transplantation of human dental pulp stem cells in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Anat Sci Int 2020; 95:523-539. [PMID: 32476103 DOI: 10.1007/s12565-020-00550-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a chronic metabolic disease caused by the destruction of pancreatic β-cells. Human dental pulp stem cells represent a promising source for cell-based therapies, owing to their easy, minimally invasive surgical access, and high proliferative capacity. It was reported that human dental pulp stem cells can differentiate into a pancreatic cell lineage in vitro; however, few studies have investigated their effects on diabetes. Our study aimed to investigate the therapeutic potential of intravenous and intrapancreatic transplantation of human dental pulp stem cells in a rat model of streptozotocin-induced type 1 diabetes. Forty Sprague Dawley male rats were randomly categorized into four groups: control, diabetic (STZ), intravenous treatment group (IV), and intrapancreatic treatment group (IP). Human dental pulp stem cells (1 × 106 cells) or vehicle were injected into the pancreas or tail vein 7 days after streptozotocin injection. Fasting blood glucose levels were monitored weekly. Glucose tolerance test, rat and human serum insulin and C-peptide, pancreas histology, and caspase-3, vascular endothelial growth factor, and Ki67 expression in pancreatic tissues were assessed 28 days post-transplantation. We found that both IV and IP transplantation of human dental pulp stem cells reduced blood glucose and increased levels of rat and human serum insulin and C-peptide. The cells engrafted and survived in the streptozotocin-injured pancreas. Islet-like clusters and scattered human dental pulp stem cells expressing insulin were observed in the pancreas of diabetic rats with some difference in the distribution pattern between the two injection routes. RT-PCR analyses revealed the expression of the human-specific pancreatic β-cell genes neurogenin 3 (NGN3), paired box 4 (PAX4), glucose transporter 2 (GLUT2), and insulin in the pancreatic tissues of both the IP and IV groups. In addition, the transplanted cells downregulated the expression of caspase-3 and upregulated the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and Ki67, suggesting that the injected cells exerted pro-angiogenetic and antiapoptotic effects, and promoted endogenous β-cell replication. Our study is the first to show that human dental pulp stem cells can migrate and survive within streptozotocin-injured pancreas, and induce antidiabetic effects through the differentiation and replacement of lost β-cells and paracrine-mediated pancreatic regeneration. Thus, human dental pulp stem cells may have therapeutic potential to treat patients with long term T1DM.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gehan El-Akabawy
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. .,Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Menoufia, Egypt.
| | - Rasha H Al-Serwi
- Basic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Oral Biology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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Chen H, Fu H, Wu X, Duan Y, Zhang S, Hu H, Liao Y, Wang T, Yang Y, Chen G, Li Z, Tian W. Regeneration of pulpo-dentinal-like complex by a group of unique multipotent CD24a + stem cells. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:eaay1514. [PMID: 32284993 PMCID: PMC7141825 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aay1514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Dental pulp is critical to maintain the vitality of a tooth. Regeneration of pulpo-dentinal complex is of great interest to treat pulpitis and pulp necrosis. In this study, through three-dimensional spheroid culture, a group of unique multipotent stem cells were identified from mouse dental papilla called multipotent dental pulp regenerative stem cells (MDPSCs). MDPSCs exhibited enhanced osteogenic/odontogenic differentiation capabilities and could form regenerative dentin and neurovascular-like structures that mimicked the native teeth in vivo. Further analysis revealed that CD24a was the bona fide marker for MDPSCs, and their expansion was highly dependent on the expression of a key transcriptional factor, Sp7. Last, CD24a+ cells could be detected in primary dental papilla in mice and human, suggesting that MDPSCs resided in their native niches. Together, our study has identified a previously unidentified group of multipotent pulp regenerative stem cells with defined molecular markers for the potential treatment of pulpitis and pulp necrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Center of Growth Metabolism and Aging, Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Huancheng Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Center of Growth Metabolism and Aging, Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xue Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Center of Growth Metabolism and Aging, Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yufeng Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Center of Growth Metabolism and Aging, Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Sicheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Center of Growth Metabolism and Aging, Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hong Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Center of Growth Metabolism and Aging, Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuansong Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Center of Growth Metabolism and Aging, Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Center of Growth Metabolism and Aging, Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Center of Growth Metabolism and Aging, Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Guoqing Chen
- National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhonghan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Center of Growth Metabolism and Aging, Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Weidong Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Center of Growth Metabolism and Aging, Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Abe T, Aburakawa D, Niizuma K, Iwabuchi N, Kajitani T, Wakao S, Kushida Y, Dezawa M, Borlongan CV, Tominaga T. Intravenously Transplanted Human Multilineage-Differentiating Stress-Enduring Cells Afford Brain Repair in a Mouse Lacunar Stroke Model. Stroke 2020; 51:601-611. [DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.119.026589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Background and Purpose—
Multilineage-differentiating stress-enduring cells are endogenous nontumorigenic reparative pluripotent-like stem cells found in bone marrow, peripheral blood, and connective tissues. Topically administered human multilineage-differentiating stress-enduring cells into rat/mouse stroke models differentiated into neural cells and promoted clinically relevant functional recovery. However, critical questions on the appropriate timing and dose, and safety of the less invasive intravenous administration of clinical-grade multilineage-differentiating stress-enduring cell–based product CL2020 remain unanswered.
Methods—
Using an immunodeficient mouse lacunar model, CL2020 was administered via the cervical vein in different doses (high dose=5×10
4
cells/body; medium dose=1×10
4
cells/body; low dose=5×10
3
cells/body) at subacute phase (≈9 days after onset) and chronic phase (≈30 days). Cylinder test, depletion of human cells by diphtheria toxin administration, immunohistochemistry, and human specific-genome detection were performed.
Results—
Tumorigenesis and adverse effects were not detected for up to 22 weeks. The high-dose group displayed significant functional recovery compared with the vehicle group in cylinder test in subacute-phase–treated and chronic-phase–treated animals after 6 weeks and 8 weeks post-injection, respectively. In the high-dose group of subacute-phase–treated animals, robust and stable recovery in cylinder test persisted up to 22 weeks compared with the vehicle group. In both groups, intraperitoneal injection of diphtheria toxin abrogated the functional recovery. Anti-human mitochondria revealed CL2020 distributed mainly in the peri-infarct area at 1, 10, and 22 weeks and expressed NeuN (neuronal nuclei)- and MAP-2 (microtubule-associated protein-2)-immunoreactivity.
Conclusions—
Intravenously administered CL2020 was safe, migrated to the peri-infarct area, and afforded functional recovery in experimental stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takatsugu Abe
- From the Department of Neurosurgery (T.A., D.A., K.N., N.I., T.K., T.T.), Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Daiki Aburakawa
- From the Department of Neurosurgery (T.A., D.A., K.N., N.I., T.K., T.T.), Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Kuniyasu Niizuma
- From the Department of Neurosurgery (T.A., D.A., K.N., N.I., T.K., T.T.), Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
- Department of Neurosurgical Engineering and Translational Neuroscience (K.N.), Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
- Department of Neurosurgical Engineering and Translational Neuroscience, Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan (K.N.)
| | - Naoya Iwabuchi
- From the Department of Neurosurgery (T.A., D.A., K.N., N.I., T.K., T.T.), Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Takumi Kajitani
- From the Department of Neurosurgery (T.A., D.A., K.N., N.I., T.K., T.T.), Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Shohei Wakao
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Histology (S.W., Y.K., M.D.), Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Kushida
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Histology (S.W., Y.K., M.D.), Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Mari Dezawa
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Histology (S.W., Y.K., M.D.), Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Cesar V. Borlongan
- Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa (C.V.B.)
| | - Teiji Tominaga
- From the Department of Neurosurgery (T.A., D.A., K.N., N.I., T.K., T.T.), Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
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[Hantavirus infection as a risk for chronic kidney disease of unknown etiology (CKDu) in Sri Lanka]. Uirusu 2020; 70:175-184. [PMID: 34544932 DOI: 10.2222/jsv.70.175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease of unknown etiology (CKDu) has emerged in endemic areas of Sri Lanka since the 1990s. The disease is a chronic but fatal disease. Until now, heavy metals and agrochemicals have been suspected as the cause of CKDu, but it has been still unknown. Recently, we have found a high seroprevalence to hantavirus in CKDu patients and reported that hantavirus infection is a risk of CKDu. Hantaviruses are rodent-borne zoonotic viruses. Here, I would like to introduce a story of the research from sero-epidemiology to the search for host animals.
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Ahmadi A, Moghadasali R, Ezzatizadeh V, Taghizadeh Z, Nassiri SM, Asghari-Vostikolaee MH, Alikhani M, Hadi F, Rahbarghazi R, Yazdi RS, Baharvand H, Aghdami N. Transplantation of Mouse Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Podocytes in a Mouse Model of Membranous Nephropathy Attenuates Proteinuria. Sci Rep 2019; 9:15467. [PMID: 31664077 PMCID: PMC6820764 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-51770-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Injury to podocytes is a principle cause of initiation and progression of both immune and non-immune mediated glomerular diseases that result in proteinuria and decreased function of the kidney. Current advances in regenerative medicine shed light on the therapeutic potential of cell-based strategies for treatment of such disorders. Thus, there is hope that generation and transplantation of podocytes from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), could potentially be used as a curative treatment for glomerulonephritis caused by podocytes injury and loss. Despite several reports on the generation of iPSC-derived podocytes, there are rare reports about successful use of these cells in animal models. In this study, we first generated a model of anti-podocyte antibody-induced heavy proteinuria that resembled human membranous nephropathy and was characterized by the presence of sub-epithelial immune deposits and podocytes loss. Thereafter, we showed that transplantation of functional iPSC-derived podocytes following podocytes depletion results in recruitment of iPSC-derived podocytes within the damaged glomerulus, and leads to attenuation of proteinuria and histological alterations. These results provided evidence that application of iPSCs-derived renal cells could be a possible therapeutic strategy to favorably influence glomerular diseases outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Ahmadi
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Moghadasali
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vahid Ezzatizadeh
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
- Medical Genetics Department, Medical Laboratory Center, Royesh Medical Group, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zeinab Taghizadeh
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Mahdi Nassiri
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mehdi Alikhani
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Hadi
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Rahbarghazi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Reza Salman Yazdi
- Department of Andrology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Baharvand
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Developmental Biology, University of Science and Culture, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Nasser Aghdami
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
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Rescue from Stx2-Producing E. coli-Associated Encephalopathy by Intravenous Injection of Muse Cells in NOD-SCID Mice. Mol Ther 2019; 28:100-118. [PMID: 31607541 PMCID: PMC6953779 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2019.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Revised: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) causes hemorrhagic colitis, hemolytic uremic syndrome, and acute encephalopathies that may lead to sudden death or severe neurologic sequelae. Current treatments, including immunoglobulin G (IgG) immunoadsorption, plasma exchange, steroid pulse therapy, and the monoclonal antibody eculizumab, have limited effects against the severe neurologic sequelae. Multilineage-differentiating stress-enduring (Muse) cells are endogenous reparative non-tumorigenic stem cells that naturally reside in the body and are currently under clinical trials for regenerative medicine. When administered intravenously, Musecells accumulate to the damaged tissue, where they exert anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, anti-fibrotic, and immunomodulatory effects, and replace damaged cells by differentiating into tissue-constituent cells. Here, severely immunocompromised non-obese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficiency (NOD-SCID) mice orally inoculated with 9 × 109 colony-forming units of STEC O111 and treated 48 h later with intravenous injection of 5 × 104 Muse cells exhibited 100% survival and no severe after-effects of infection. Suppression of granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) by RNAi abolished the beneficial effects of Muse cells, leading to a 40% death and significant body weight loss, suggesting the involvement of G-CSF in the beneficial effects of Muse cells in STEC-infected mice. Thus, intravenous administration of Muse cells could be a candidate therapeutic approach for preventing fatal encephalopathy after STEC infection.
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Nephron generation in kidney cortices through injection of pretreated mesenchymal stem cell-differentiated tubular epithelial cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 518:141-147. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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The Best for the Most Important: Maintaining a Pristine Proteome in Stem and Progenitor Cells. Stem Cells Int 2019; 2019:1608787. [PMID: 31191665 PMCID: PMC6525796 DOI: 10.1155/2019/1608787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Pluripotent stem cells give rise to reproductively enabled offsprings by generating progressively lineage-restricted multipotent stem cells that would differentiate into lineage-committed stem and progenitor cells. These lineage-committed stem and progenitor cells give rise to all adult tissues and organs. Adult stem and progenitor cells are generated as part of the developmental program and play critical roles in tissue and organ maintenance and/or regeneration. The ability of pluripotent stem cells to self-renew, maintain pluripotency, and differentiate into a multicellular organism is highly dependent on sensing and integrating extracellular and extraorganismal cues. Proteins perform and integrate almost all cellular functions including signal transduction, regulation of gene expression, metabolism, and cell division and death. Therefore, maintenance of an appropriate mix of correctly folded proteins, a pristine proteome, is essential for proper stem cell function. The stem cells' proteome must be pristine because unfolded, misfolded, or otherwise damaged proteins would interfere with unlimited self-renewal, maintenance of pluripotency, differentiation into downstream lineages, and consequently with the development of properly functioning tissue and organs. Understanding how various stem cells generate and maintain a pristine proteome is therefore essential for exploiting their potential in regenerative medicine and possibly for the discovery of novel approaches for maintaining, propagating, and differentiating pluripotent, multipotent, and adult stem cells as well as induced pluripotent stem cells. In this review, we will summarize cellular networks used by various stem cells for generation and maintenance of a pristine proteome. We will also explore the coordination of these networks with one another and their integration with the gene regulatory and signaling networks.
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Leng Z, Sun D, Huang Z, Tadmori I, Chiang N, Kethidi N, Sabra A, Kushida Y, Fu YS, Dezawa M, He X, Young W. Quantitative Analysis of SSEA3+ Cells from Human Umbilical Cord after Magnetic Sorting. Cell Transplant 2019; 28:907-923. [PMID: 30997834 PMCID: PMC6719495 DOI: 10.1177/0963689719844260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Multilineage-differentiating stress-enduring (Muse) cells are a population of pluripotent stage-specific embryonic antigen 3 (SSEA3)+ mesenchymal stem cells first described by Mari Dezawa in 2010. Although some investigators have reported SSEA3+ mesenchymal cells in umbilical cord tissues, none have quantitatively compared SSEA3+ cells isolated from Wharton’s jelly (WJ) and the cord lining (CL) of human umbilical cords (HUCs). We separated WJ and the CL from HUCs, cultured mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) isolated from these two tissues with collagenase, and quantified the percentage of SSEA3+ cells over three passages. The first passage had 5.0% ± 4.3% and 5.3% ± 5.1% SSEA3+ cells from WJ and the CL, respectively, but the percentage of SSEA3+ cells decreased significantly (P < 0.05) between P0 and P2 in the CL group and between P0 and P1 in the WJ group. Magnetic-activated cell sorting (MACS) markedly enriched SSEA3+ cells to 91.4% ± 3.2%. Upon culture of the sorted population, we found that the SSEA3+ percentage ranged from 62.5% to 76.0% in P2–P5 and then declined to 42.0%–54.7% between P6 and P9. At P10, the cultures contained 37.4% SSEA3+ cells. After P10, we resorted the cells and achieved 89.4% SSEA3+ cells in culture. The procedure for MACS-based enrichment of SSEA3+ cells, followed by expansion in culture and a re-enrichment step, allows the isolation of many millions of SSEA3+ cells in relatively pure culture. When cultured, the sorted SSEA3+ cells differentiated into embryoid spheres and survived 4 weeks after transplant into a contused Sprague-Dawley rat spinal cord. The transplanted SSEA3+ cells migrated into the injury area from four injection points around the contusion site and did not produce any tumors. The umbilical cord is an excellent source of fetal Muse cells, and our method allows the practical and efficient isolation and expansion of relatively pure populations of SSEA3+ Muse cells that can be matched by human leukocyte antigen for transplantation in human trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zikuan Leng
- 1 Department of Orthopedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,2 W.M. Keck Center for Collaborative Neuroscience, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Dongming Sun
- 2 W.M. Keck Center for Collaborative Neuroscience, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Zihao Huang
- 3 Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei
| | - Iman Tadmori
- 2 W.M. Keck Center for Collaborative Neuroscience, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Ning Chiang
- 2 W.M. Keck Center for Collaborative Neuroscience, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Nikhit Kethidi
- 2 W.M. Keck Center for Collaborative Neuroscience, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Ahmed Sabra
- 2 W.M. Keck Center for Collaborative Neuroscience, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Yoshihiro Kushida
- 4 Department of Stem Cell Biology and Histology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yu-Show Fu
- 3 Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei
| | - Mari Dezawa
- 4 Department of Stem Cell Biology and Histology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Xijing He
- 1 Department of Orthopedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wise Young
- 2 W.M. Keck Center for Collaborative Neuroscience, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
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Abstract
The number of individuals affected by acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) is constantly rising. In light of the limited availability of treatment options and their relative inefficacy, cell based therapeutic modalities have been studied. However, not many efforts are put into safety evaluation of such applications. The aim of this study was to review the existing published literature on adverse events reported in studies with genetically modified cells for treatment of kidney disease. A systematic review was conducted by searching PubMed and EMBASE for relevant articles published until June 2018. The search results were screened and relevant articles selected using pre-defined criteria, by two researchers independently. After initial screening of 6894 abstracts, a total number of 97 preclinical studies was finally included for full assessment. Of these, 61 (63%) presented an inappropriate study design for the evaluation of safety parameters. Only 4 studies (4%) had the optimal study design, while 32 (33%) showed sub-optimal study design with either direct or indirect evidence of adverse events. The high heterogeneity of studies included regarding cell type and number, genetic modification, administration route, and kidney disease model applied, combined with the consistent lack of appropriate control groups, makes a reliable safety evaluation of kidney cell-based therapies impossible. Only a limited number of relevant studies included looked into essential safety-related outcomes, such as inflammatory (48%), tumorigenic and teratogenic potential (12%), cell biodistribution (82%), microbiological safety with respect to microorganism contamination and latent viruses' reactivation (1%), as well as overall well-being and animal survival (19%). In conclusion, for benign cell-based therapies, well-designed pre-clinical studies, including all control groups required and good manufacturing processes securing safety, need to be done early in development. Preferably, this should be performed side by side with efficacy evaluation and according to the official guidelines of leading health organizations.
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Leng Z, Kethidi N, Chang AJ, Sun L, Zhai J, Yang Y, Xu J, He X. Muse cells and Neurorestoratology. JOURNAL OF NEURORESTORATOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.26599/jnr.2019.9040005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Multilineage-differentiating stress-enduring (Muse) cells were discovered in 2010 as a subpopulation of mesenchymal stroma cells (MSCs). Muse cells can self-renew and tolerate severe culturing conditions. These cells can differentiate into three lineage cells spontaneously or in induced medium but do not form teratoma in vitro or in vivo. Central nervous system (CNS) diseases, such as intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), cerebral infarction, and spinal cord injury are normally disastrous. Despite numerous therapy strategies, CNS diseases are difficult to recover. As a novel kind of pluripotent stem cells, Muse cells have shown great regeneration capacity in many animal models, including acute myocardial infarction, hepatectomy, and acute cerebral ischemia (ACI). After injection into injury sites, Muse cells survived, migrated, and differentiated into functional neurons with synaptic junctions to local neurons and contributed to recovery of function. Furthermore, Muse cell differentiation did not need to be induced pre-transplantation and no tumors were observed post- transplantation. The Muse cell population is promising and may lead to a revolution in regenerative medicine. This review focuses on recent advances regarding the Muse cells therapies in Neurorestoratology and discusses future perspectives in this field.
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Koga M, Kuramochi M, Karim MR, Izawa T, Kuwamura M, Yamate J. Immunohistochemical characterization of myofibroblasts appearing in isoproterenol-induced rat myocardial fibrosis. J Vet Med Sci 2018; 81:127-133. [PMID: 30464077 PMCID: PMC6361647 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.18-0599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibrotic lesion is formed by myofibroblasts capable of producing collagens. The myofibroblasts are characterized by immunoexpressions of vimentin, desmin and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA)
in varying degrees. The cellular characteristics remain investigated in myocardial fibrosis. We analyzed immunophenotypes of myofibroblasts appearing in isoproterenol-induced myocardial
fibrosis in rats until 28 days after injection (10 mg/kg body weight); the lesions developed as interstitial edema and inflammatory cell reaction on 8 hr and days 1 and 3, and fibrosis
occurred on days 1, 3, 7, 14, and 21 by gradual deposition of collagens, showing the greatest grade on day 14; the lesions gradually reduced with sporadic scar until day 28. Myofibroblasts
expressing vimentin and α-SMA increased with a peak on day 3, and then, gradually decreased onwards. Interestingly, Thy-1 expressing cells appeared in the affected areas, apparently being
corresponding to the grade similar to vimentin- and α-SMA-positive cells. Thy-1 is expressed in immature mesenchymal cells such as pericytes with pluripotent nature. The immunoreactivity for
A3-antigen, a marker for immature mesenchymal cells, was seen in some surrounding cells. There were no cells reacting with antibodies to nestin or glial fibrillary acidic protein, although
hepatic myofibroblats have been reported to react with these antibodies. Collectively, myofibroblasts appearing in rat myocardial fibrosis may have been derived from immature mesenchymal
cells positive for Thy-1 or A3-antigen, with thereafter showing expressions of vimentin and α-SMA in differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaaki Koga
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-58 Rinku-Ourai-Kita, Izumisano-shi, Osaka 598-8531, Japan.,Nippon Shinyaku Co., Ltd., 14, Nishinosho-Monguchi-cho, Kisshoin, Minami-ku, Kyoto 601-8550, Japan
| | - Mizuki Kuramochi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-58 Rinku-Ourai-Kita, Izumisano-shi, Osaka 598-8531, Japan
| | - Mohammad Rabiul Karim
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-58 Rinku-Ourai-Kita, Izumisano-shi, Osaka 598-8531, Japan
| | - Takeshi Izawa
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-58 Rinku-Ourai-Kita, Izumisano-shi, Osaka 598-8531, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Kuwamura
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-58 Rinku-Ourai-Kita, Izumisano-shi, Osaka 598-8531, Japan
| | - Jyoji Yamate
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-58 Rinku-Ourai-Kita, Izumisano-shi, Osaka 598-8531, Japan
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Wysoczynski M, Khan A, Bolli R. New Paradigms in Cell Therapy: Repeated Dosing, Intravenous Delivery, Immunomodulatory Actions, and New Cell Types. Circ Res 2018; 123:138-158. [PMID: 29976684 PMCID: PMC6050028 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.118.313251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Perhaps the most important advance in the field of cell therapy for heart disease has been the recognition that all stem/progenitor cells (both adult and embryonic) fail to engraft in the heart to a significant extent and thus work via paracrine mechanisms. This fundamental advance has led to 4 new paradigms that are discussed in this review and that may importantly shape, or even revolutionize, the future of the field: (1) repeated cell therapy, (2) intravenous cell therapy, (3) immunomodulatory actions of cell therapy, and (4) new cell types. Because virtually all of our current knowledge of cell therapy is predicated on the effects of a single cell dose, the idea that the full therapeutic effects of a cell product require repeated doses is disruptive and has far-reaching implications. For example, inadequate dosing (single-dose protocols) may be responsible, at least in part, for the borderline or disappointing results obtained to date in clinical trials; furthermore, future studies (both preclinical and clinical) may need to incorporate repeated cell administrations. Another disruptive idea, supported by emerging preclinical and clinical evidence, is that intravenously injected cells can produce beneficial effects on the heart, presumably via release of paracrine factors in extracardiac organs or endocrine factors into the systemic circulation. Intravenous administration would obviate the need for direct delivery of cells to the heart, making cell therapy simpler, cheaper, safer, more scalable, and more broadly available, even on an outpatient basis. Although the mechanism of action of cell therapy remains elusive, there is compelling in vitro evidence that transplanted cells modulate the function of various immune cell types via release of paracrine factors, such as extracellular vesicles, although in vivo evidence is still limited. Investigation of the new paradigms reviewed herein should be a top priority because it may profoundly transform cell therapy and finally make it a reality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Wysoczynski
- From the Institute of Molecular Cardiology, University of Louisville, KY
| | - Abdur Khan
- From the Institute of Molecular Cardiology, University of Louisville, KY
| | - Roberto Bolli
- From the Institute of Molecular Cardiology, University of Louisville, KY.
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Yabuki H, Wakao S, Kushida Y, Dezawa M, Okada Y. Human Multilineage-differentiating Stress-Enduring Cells Exert Pleiotropic Effects to Ameliorate Acute Lung Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in a Rat Model. Cell Transplant 2018; 27:979-993. [PMID: 29707971 PMCID: PMC6050908 DOI: 10.1177/0963689718761657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Posttransplantation lung ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injuries affect both patient survival and graft function. In this study, we evaluated the protective effects of infused human multilineage-differentiating stress-enduring (Muse) cells, a novel, easily harvested type of nontumorigenic endogenous reparative stem cell, against acute IR lung injury in a rat model. After a 2-h warm IR injury induction in a left rat lung, human Muse cells, human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and vehicle were injected via the left pulmonary artery after reperfusion. Functionality, histological findings, and protein expression were subsequently assessed in the injured lung. In vitro, we also compared human Muse cells with human MSCs in terms of migration abilities and the secretory properties of protective substances. The arterial oxygen partial pressure to fractional inspired oxygen ratio, alveolar-arterial oxygen gradient, left lung compliance, and histological injury score on hematoxylin-eosin sections were significantly better in the Muse group relative to the MSC and vehicle groups. Compared to MSCs, human Muse cells homed more efficiently to the injured lung, where they suppressed the apoptosis and stimulated proliferation of host alveolar cells. Human Muse cells also migrated to serum from lung-injured model rats and produced beneficial substances (keratinocyte growth factor [KGF], hepatocyte growth factor, angiopoietin-1, and prostaglandin E2) in vitro. Western blot of lung tissue confirmed high expression of KGF and their target molecules (interleukin-6, protein kinase B, and B-cell lymphoma-2) in the Muse group. Thus, Muse cells efficiently ameliorated lung IR injury via pleiotropic effects in a rat model. These findings support further investigation on the use of human Muse cells for lung IR injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Yabuki
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer,
Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Shohei Wakao
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Histology, Tohoku University Graduate
School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Kushida
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Histology, Tohoku University Graduate
School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Mari Dezawa
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Histology, Tohoku University Graduate
School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Okada
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer,
Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
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Yamada Y, Wakao S, Kushida Y, Minatoguchi S, Mikami A, Higashi K, Baba S, Shigemoto T, Kuroda Y, Kanamori H, Amin M, Kawasaki M, Nishigaki K, Taoka M, Isobe T, Muramatsu C, Dezawa M, Minatoguchi S. S1P-S1PR2 Axis Mediates Homing of Muse Cells Into Damaged Heart for Long-Lasting Tissue Repair and Functional Recovery After Acute Myocardial Infarction. Circ Res 2018; 122:1069-1083. [PMID: 29475983 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.117.311648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Revised: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Multilineage-differentiating stress enduring (Muse) cells, pluripotent marker stage-specific embryonic antigen-3+ cells, are nontumorigenic endogenous pluripotent-like stem cells obtainable from various tissues including the bone marrow. Their therapeutic efficiency has not been validated in acute myocardial infarction. OBJECTIVE The main objective of this study is to clarify the efficiency of intravenously infused rabbit autograft, allograft, and xenograft (human) bone marrow-Muse cells in a rabbit acute myocardial infarction model and their mechanisms of tissue repair. METHODS AND RESULTS In vivo dynamics of Nano-lantern-labeled Muse cells showed preferential homing of the cells to the postinfarct heart at 3 days and 2 weeks, with ≈14.5% of injected GFP (green fluorescent protein)-Muse cells estimated to be engrafted into the heart at 3 days. The migration and homing of the Muse cells was confirmed pharmacologically (S1PR2 [sphingosine monophosphate receptor 2]-specific antagonist JTE-013 coinjection) and genetically (S1PR2-siRNA [small interfering ribonucleic acid]-introduced Muse cells) to be mediated through the S1P (sphingosine monophosphate)-S1PR2 axis. They spontaneously differentiated into cells positive for cardiac markers, such as cardiac troponin-I, sarcomeric α-actinin, and connexin-43, and vascular markers. GCaMP3 (GFP-based Ca calmodulin probe)-labeled Muse cells that engrafted into the ischemic region exhibited increased GCaMP3 fluorescence during systole and decreased fluorescence during diastole. Infarct size was reduced by ≈52%, and the ejection fraction was increased by ≈38% compared with vehicle injection at 2 months, ≈2.5 and ≈2.1 times higher, respectively, than that induced by mesenchymal stem cells. These effects were partially attenuated by the administration of GATA4-gene-silenced Muse cells. Muse cell allografts and xenografts efficiently engrafted and recovered functions, and allografts remained in the tissue and sustained functional recovery for up to 6 months without immunosuppression. CONCLUSIONS Muse cells may provide reparative effects and robust functional recovery and may, thus, provide a novel strategy for the treatment of acute myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihisa Yamada
- From the Department of Cardiology (Y.Y., Shingo Minatoguchi, A.M., K.H., S.B., H.K., M.K., K.N., Shinya Minatoguchi) and Intelligent Image Information (C.M.), Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan; Department of Stem Cell Biology and Histology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan (S.W., Y. Kushida, T.S., Y. Kuroda, M.A., M.D.); Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Egypt (M.A.); and Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Japan (M.T., T.I.)
| | - Shohei Wakao
- From the Department of Cardiology (Y.Y., Shingo Minatoguchi, A.M., K.H., S.B., H.K., M.K., K.N., Shinya Minatoguchi) and Intelligent Image Information (C.M.), Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan; Department of Stem Cell Biology and Histology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan (S.W., Y. Kushida, T.S., Y. Kuroda, M.A., M.D.); Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Egypt (M.A.); and Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Japan (M.T., T.I.)
| | - Yoshihiro Kushida
- From the Department of Cardiology (Y.Y., Shingo Minatoguchi, A.M., K.H., S.B., H.K., M.K., K.N., Shinya Minatoguchi) and Intelligent Image Information (C.M.), Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan; Department of Stem Cell Biology and Histology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan (S.W., Y. Kushida, T.S., Y. Kuroda, M.A., M.D.); Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Egypt (M.A.); and Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Japan (M.T., T.I.)
| | - Shingo Minatoguchi
- From the Department of Cardiology (Y.Y., Shingo Minatoguchi, A.M., K.H., S.B., H.K., M.K., K.N., Shinya Minatoguchi) and Intelligent Image Information (C.M.), Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan; Department of Stem Cell Biology and Histology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan (S.W., Y. Kushida, T.S., Y. Kuroda, M.A., M.D.); Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Egypt (M.A.); and Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Japan (M.T., T.I.)
| | - Atsushi Mikami
- From the Department of Cardiology (Y.Y., Shingo Minatoguchi, A.M., K.H., S.B., H.K., M.K., K.N., Shinya Minatoguchi) and Intelligent Image Information (C.M.), Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan; Department of Stem Cell Biology and Histology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan (S.W., Y. Kushida, T.S., Y. Kuroda, M.A., M.D.); Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Egypt (M.A.); and Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Japan (M.T., T.I.)
| | - Kenshi Higashi
- From the Department of Cardiology (Y.Y., Shingo Minatoguchi, A.M., K.H., S.B., H.K., M.K., K.N., Shinya Minatoguchi) and Intelligent Image Information (C.M.), Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan; Department of Stem Cell Biology and Histology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan (S.W., Y. Kushida, T.S., Y. Kuroda, M.A., M.D.); Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Egypt (M.A.); and Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Japan (M.T., T.I.)
| | - Shinya Baba
- From the Department of Cardiology (Y.Y., Shingo Minatoguchi, A.M., K.H., S.B., H.K., M.K., K.N., Shinya Minatoguchi) and Intelligent Image Information (C.M.), Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan; Department of Stem Cell Biology and Histology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan (S.W., Y. Kushida, T.S., Y. Kuroda, M.A., M.D.); Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Egypt (M.A.); and Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Japan (M.T., T.I.)
| | - Taeko Shigemoto
- From the Department of Cardiology (Y.Y., Shingo Minatoguchi, A.M., K.H., S.B., H.K., M.K., K.N., Shinya Minatoguchi) and Intelligent Image Information (C.M.), Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan; Department of Stem Cell Biology and Histology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan (S.W., Y. Kushida, T.S., Y. Kuroda, M.A., M.D.); Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Egypt (M.A.); and Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Japan (M.T., T.I.)
| | - Yasumasa Kuroda
- From the Department of Cardiology (Y.Y., Shingo Minatoguchi, A.M., K.H., S.B., H.K., M.K., K.N., Shinya Minatoguchi) and Intelligent Image Information (C.M.), Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan; Department of Stem Cell Biology and Histology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan (S.W., Y. Kushida, T.S., Y. Kuroda, M.A., M.D.); Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Egypt (M.A.); and Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Japan (M.T., T.I.)
| | - Hiromitsu Kanamori
- From the Department of Cardiology (Y.Y., Shingo Minatoguchi, A.M., K.H., S.B., H.K., M.K., K.N., Shinya Minatoguchi) and Intelligent Image Information (C.M.), Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan; Department of Stem Cell Biology and Histology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan (S.W., Y. Kushida, T.S., Y. Kuroda, M.A., M.D.); Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Egypt (M.A.); and Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Japan (M.T., T.I.)
| | - Mohamad Amin
- From the Department of Cardiology (Y.Y., Shingo Minatoguchi, A.M., K.H., S.B., H.K., M.K., K.N., Shinya Minatoguchi) and Intelligent Image Information (C.M.), Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan; Department of Stem Cell Biology and Histology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan (S.W., Y. Kushida, T.S., Y. Kuroda, M.A., M.D.); Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Egypt (M.A.); and Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Japan (M.T., T.I.)
| | - Masanori Kawasaki
- From the Department of Cardiology (Y.Y., Shingo Minatoguchi, A.M., K.H., S.B., H.K., M.K., K.N., Shinya Minatoguchi) and Intelligent Image Information (C.M.), Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan; Department of Stem Cell Biology and Histology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan (S.W., Y. Kushida, T.S., Y. Kuroda, M.A., M.D.); Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Egypt (M.A.); and Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Japan (M.T., T.I.)
| | - Kazuhiko Nishigaki
- From the Department of Cardiology (Y.Y., Shingo Minatoguchi, A.M., K.H., S.B., H.K., M.K., K.N., Shinya Minatoguchi) and Intelligent Image Information (C.M.), Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan; Department of Stem Cell Biology and Histology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan (S.W., Y. Kushida, T.S., Y. Kuroda, M.A., M.D.); Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Egypt (M.A.); and Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Japan (M.T., T.I.)
| | - Masato Taoka
- From the Department of Cardiology (Y.Y., Shingo Minatoguchi, A.M., K.H., S.B., H.K., M.K., K.N., Shinya Minatoguchi) and Intelligent Image Information (C.M.), Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan; Department of Stem Cell Biology and Histology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan (S.W., Y. Kushida, T.S., Y. Kuroda, M.A., M.D.); Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Egypt (M.A.); and Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Japan (M.T., T.I.)
| | - Toshiaki Isobe
- From the Department of Cardiology (Y.Y., Shingo Minatoguchi, A.M., K.H., S.B., H.K., M.K., K.N., Shinya Minatoguchi) and Intelligent Image Information (C.M.), Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan; Department of Stem Cell Biology and Histology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan (S.W., Y. Kushida, T.S., Y. Kuroda, M.A., M.D.); Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Egypt (M.A.); and Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Japan (M.T., T.I.)
| | - Chisako Muramatsu
- From the Department of Cardiology (Y.Y., Shingo Minatoguchi, A.M., K.H., S.B., H.K., M.K., K.N., Shinya Minatoguchi) and Intelligent Image Information (C.M.), Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan; Department of Stem Cell Biology and Histology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan (S.W., Y. Kushida, T.S., Y. Kuroda, M.A., M.D.); Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Egypt (M.A.); and Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Japan (M.T., T.I.)
| | - Mari Dezawa
- From the Department of Cardiology (Y.Y., Shingo Minatoguchi, A.M., K.H., S.B., H.K., M.K., K.N., Shinya Minatoguchi) and Intelligent Image Information (C.M.), Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan; Department of Stem Cell Biology and Histology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan (S.W., Y. Kushida, T.S., Y. Kuroda, M.A., M.D.); Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Egypt (M.A.); and Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Japan (M.T., T.I.)
| | - Shinya Minatoguchi
- From the Department of Cardiology (Y.Y., Shingo Minatoguchi, A.M., K.H., S.B., H.K., M.K., K.N., Shinya Minatoguchi) and Intelligent Image Information (C.M.), Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan; Department of Stem Cell Biology and Histology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan (S.W., Y. Kushida, T.S., Y. Kuroda, M.A., M.D.); Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Egypt (M.A.); and Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Japan (M.T., T.I.).
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